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Supplemental Information
9 Months Ended
Sep. 30, 2024
Supplemental Information [Abstract]  
Supplemental Information Supplemental Information
Receivables
Linde applies loss rates that are lifetime expected credit losses at initial recognition of the receivables. These expected loss rates are based on an analysis of the actual historical default rates for each business, taking regional circumstances into account. If necessary, these historical default rates are adjusted to reflect the impact of current changes in the macroeconomic environment using forward-looking information. The loss rates are also evaluated based on the expectations of the responsible management team regarding the collectability of the receivables. Gross trade receivables aged less than one year were $4,825 million and $4,667 million at September 30, 2024 and December 31, 2023, respectively, and gross receivables aged greater than one year were $374 million and $354 million at September 30, 2024 and December 31, 2023, respectively. Other receivables were $144 million and $154 million at September 30, 2024 and December 31, 2023, respectively. Receivables aged greater than one year are generally fully reserved unless specific circumstances warrant exceptions, such as those backed by federal governments.
Accounts receivable net of reserves were $4,871 million at September 30, 2024 and $4,718 million at December 31, 2023. Allowances for expected credit losses were $472 million at September 30, 2024 and $457 million at December 31, 2023.  Provisions for expected credit losses were $130 million and $123 million for the nine months ended September 30, 2024 and 2023, respectively. The allowance activity in the nine months ended September 30, 2024 and 2023 related to write-offs of uncollectible amounts, net of recoveries and currency movements is not material.
Inventories
The following is a summary of Linde's consolidated inventories:
(Millions of dollars)September 30, 2024December 31, 2023
Inventories
Raw materials and supplies$580 $614 
Work in process432 390 
Finished goods1,075 1,111 
Total inventories$2,087 $2,115