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Share-Based Compensation (Details)
$ / shares in Units, $ in Millions
12 Months Ended
Dec. 31, 2021
USD ($)
$ / shares
shares
Dec. 31, 2021
USD ($)
$ / shares
shares
Dec. 31, 2020
USD ($)
$ / shares
shares
Dec. 31, 2019
USD ($)
$ / shares
Dec. 31, 2021
€ / shares
Oct. 31, 2018
shares
Share-based Compensation Arrangement by Share-based Payment Award, Additional General Disclosures [Abstract]            
Share-based compensation expense | $   $ 128 $ 133 $ 95    
Share-based compensation expense related income tax benefit | $   $ 64 $ 79 $ 42    
Service period   3 years        
Closing stock price (in dollars per share) | $ / shares $ 346.43 $ 346.43        
Stock Options            
Share-based Compensation Arrangement by Share-based Payment Award, Additional General Disclosures [Abstract]            
Weighted-average fair values of options granted (in dollars per share) | $ / shares   $ 37.80 $ 17.37 $ 23.38    
Total intrinsic value of stock options exercised | $   $ 294 $ 264 $ 219    
Cash received from option exercises | $   50 36 64    
Total cash tax benefit | $   64 $ 70 $ 56    
Unrecognized compensation expense | $ $ 17 $ 17        
PSUs granted   831,000        
Weighted average performance period (years)   1 year        
Share-based Compensation Arrangement by Share-based Payment Award, Fair Value Assumptions and Methodology [Abstract]            
Dividend yield   1.70% 2.20% 2.00%    
Volatility   18.40% 15.80% 14.30%    
Risk-free interest rate   1.10% 0.60% 2.38%    
Expected term years   6 years 6 years 6 years    
Share-based Compensation Arrangement by Share-based Payment Award, Options, Outstanding [Roll Forward]            
Beginning balance, outstanding (in shares)   8,067,000        
Granted (in shares)   831,000        
Exercised (in shares)   (1,672,000)        
Cancelled or expired (in shares)   (60,000)        
Ending balance, outstanding (in shares) 7,166,000 7,166,000 8,067,000      
Exercisable at December 31 (in shares) 5,297,000 5,297,000        
Share-based Compensation Arrangement by Share-based Payment Award, Options, Additional Disclosures [Abstract]            
Beginning balance, outstanding (in dollars per share) | $ / shares   $ 136.05        
Granted (in dollars per share) | $ / shares   253.68        
Exercised (in dollars per share) | $ / shares   121.40        
Cancelled or expired (in dollars per share) | $ / shares   207.35        
Ending balance, outstanding (in dollars per share) | $ / shares $ 152.56 152.56 $ 136.05      
Exercisable at December 31 (in dollars per share) | $ / shares $ 132.84 $ 132.84        
Average Remaining Life (years) [Abstract]            
Outstanding at December 31, 2021 6 years          
Exercisable at December 31, 2021 5 years          
Aggregate Intrinsic Value [Abstract]            
Outstanding at December 31, 2021 | $ $ 1,389 $ 1,389        
Exercisable at December 31, 2021 | $ 1,131 $ 1,131        
Replacement Stock Options            
Share-based Compensation Arrangement by Share-based Payment Award, Additional General Disclosures [Abstract]            
Weighted-average fair values of options granted (in dollars per share) | $ / shares   $ 160.08        
PX Performance Based Awards            
Share-based Compensation Arrangement by Share-based Payment Award, Additional General Disclosures [Abstract]            
Service period   3 years        
Unrecognized compensation expense | $ 47 $ 47        
PSUs granted   187,830        
Granted (in dollars per share) | $ / shares   $ 262.56        
Granted (in shares)   188,000        
Share-based Compensation Arrangement by Share-based Payment Award, Options, Outstanding [Roll Forward]            
Granted (in shares)   187,830        
Performance Shares ROC            
Share-based Compensation Arrangement by Share-based Payment Award, Additional General Disclosures [Abstract]            
Granted (in dollars per share) | $ / shares   $ 241.10 161.56 $ 168.47    
Performance Shares TSR            
Share-based Compensation Arrangement by Share-based Payment Award, Additional General Disclosures [Abstract]            
Granted (in dollars per share) | $ / shares   $ 301.04 198.61 215.85    
Restricted Stock            
Share-based Compensation Arrangement by Share-based Payment Award, Additional General Disclosures [Abstract]            
Unrecognized compensation expense | $ $ 31 $ 31        
Granted (in dollars per share) | $ / shares   $ 242.60 $ 174.95 $ 165.04    
Granted (in shares)   175,597        
Equity Plan 2009 Praxair, Inc. Long-term Incentive Plan For Employees            
Share-based Compensation Arrangement by Share-based Payment Award, Additional General Disclosures [Abstract]            
Number of shares authorized for grant (in shares) 8,995,710 8,995,710        
Authorized for issuance as RS, RSU or PSU (in shares) 2,995,710 2,995,710        
Long Term Incentive Plan 2018            
Share-based Compensation Arrangement by Share-based Payment Award, Additional General Disclosures [Abstract]            
Number of shares authorized for grant (in shares) 285,113 285,113       473,128
Service period   4 years        
Exercisable period   1 year        
Exercise price (in EUR/USD per share) | (per share) $ 1.92 $ 1.92     € 1.67  
Minimum            
Share-based Compensation Arrangement by Share-based Payment Award, Additional General Disclosures [Abstract]            
Service period   1 year        
Aggregate Intrinsic Value [Abstract]            
Percentage of shares issues in settlement of a vested award   0.00%        
Maximum            
Share-based Compensation Arrangement by Share-based Payment Award, Additional General Disclosures [Abstract]            
Exercisable period   10 years        
Aggregate Intrinsic Value [Abstract]            
Percentage of shares issues in settlement of a vested award     200.00%