Note 2 - Revenue and Product Costs

9 Months Ended

Sep. 30, 2022

Notes to Financial Statements

Revenue from Contract with Customer [Text Block]

2.          REVENUE AND PRODUCT COSTS

On January 1, 2018, the Company adopted Topic 606 and, as it had no prior revenue or contracts with customers, there was no transition required nor any impact on prior results. Topic 606 requires entities to recognize revenue through the application of a five-step model, which includes identification of the contract, identification of the performance obligations, determination of the transaction price, allocation of the transaction price to the performance obligations and recognition of revenue as the entity satisfies the performance obligations.

The Company enters into contracts that include various combinations of products, accessories, software and services, each of which are generally distinct and are accounted for as separate performance obligations. Product sales includes BolaWrap products and accessories. Other revenue includes VR revenues, service, training and shipping revenues.

A performance obligation is a promise in a contract to transfer a distinct good or service to a customer and is the unit of account in Topic 606. For contracts with a single performance obligation, the entire transaction price is allocated to the single performance obligation. For contracts with multiple performance obligations, the Company allocates the contract transaction price to each performance obligation using the Company’s estimate of the standalone selling price (“SSP” or “SSPs”) of each distinct good or service in a contract. The Company determines SSPs based on the relative SSP. If the SSP is not observable through past transactions, the Company estimates the SSP considering available information such as market conditions and internally approved pricing guidelines related to the performance obligations.

Most of the Company’s products and accessories are sold through domestic and international distributors. Performance obligations to deliver products and accessories are generally satisfied at the point in time the Company ships the product, as this is when the customer obtains control of the asset under our standard terms and conditions. Periodically, certain customers request bill and hold transactions for future delivery as scheduled and designated by them. In such cases, revenue is not recognized until after control, title and risk of ownership has transferred which is generally when the customer has requested such transaction under normal billing and payment terms and has been notified that the product (i) has been completed according to customer specifications, (ii) has passed quality control inspections, and (iii) has been tagged and packed for shipment, separated from other inventory and ready for physical transfer to the customer. The value associated with custodial storage services is deemed immaterial in the context of such contracts and in total, and accordingly, none of the transaction price is allocated to such service.

The Company has elected to recognize shipping costs as an expense in cost of revenue when control has transferred to the customer.

Time-based VR system contracts generally include setup, training and the use of software and hardware for a fixed term, generally one to five years and support and upgrade services during the same period. The Company does not sell time-based arrangements without setup, training and support services and therefore revenues for the entire arrangement are recognized on a straight-line basis over the term. When hardware is bundled and not sold separately the Company allocates the contract transaction price to each performance obligation using the SSP of each distinct good and service in the contract.

The timing of revenue recognition may differ from the timing of invoicing to customers. The Company generally has an unconditional right to consideration when customers are invoiced, and a receivable is recorded. A contract asset is recognized when revenue is recognized prior to invoicing, or a contract liability (deferred revenue) when revenue will be recognized subsequent to invoicing. The Company may receive consideration, per terms of a contract, from customers prior to transferring goods to the customer. The Company records customer deposits as a contract liability. Additionally, the Company may receive payments, most typically for service and warranty contracts, at the onset of the contract and before the services have been performed. In such instances, a deferred revenue liability is recorded. The Company recognizes these contract liabilities as revenue after all revenue recognition criteria are met. The table below details the activity in our contract liabilities during the nine months ended September 30, 2022.

	Customer			Deferred
	Deposits			Revenue
Balance at January 1, 2022	$	43		$	265
Additions, net		-			171
Transfer to revenue		(43	)		(136	)
Balance at September 30, 2022	$	-		$	300
Current portion	$	-		$	144
Long-term portion	$	-		$	156

At September 30, 2022, the Company’s deferred revenue of $300 consisted of $177 related to VR training and $123 related to BolaWrap extended warranties and services. At December 31, 2021, the Company’s deferred revenue of $265 consisted of $172 related to VR training and $67 related to extended warranties and services. 

The Company recognizes an asset if there are incremental costs of obtaining a contract with a customer such as commissions. These costs are ascribed to or allocated to the underlying performance obligations in the contract and amortized consistent with the recognition timing of the revenue for any such underlying performance obligations. The Company had no such assets at September 30, 2022, and December 31 2021. The Company will apply the practical expedient to expense any sales commissions related to performance obligations with an amortization of one year or less when incurred within selling, general and administrative expense.

Estimated costs for the Company’s standard warranty, generally one-year, are charged to cost of products sold when revenue is recorded for the related product. Royalties are also charged to cost of products sold.