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Mortgage Servicing Rights, Net
 6 Months Ended
Jun. 30, 2025
Transfers and Servicing [Abstract]  
Mortgage Servicing Rights, Net Mortgage Servicing Rights, Net
The changes in the carrying amount of MSRs were as follows (in thousands):
 Three Months Ended June 30,Six Months Ended June 30,
Mortgage Servicing Rights2025202420252024
Beginning Balance$510,805 $525,579 $520,487 $534,390 
Additions20,296 20,298 39,007 39,850 
Amortization(29,079)(29,072)(57,472)(57,435)
Ending Balance$502,022 $516,805 $502,022 $516,805 
Valuation Allowance
Beginning Balance$(2,218)$(3,707)$(2,908)$(3,187)
Decrease (increase)
187 1,105 877 585 
Ending Balance$(2,031)$(2,602)$(2,031)$(2,602)
Net Balance$499,991 $514,203 $499,991 $514,203 
 
Servicing fees are included in “Management services, servicing fees and other” on the accompanying unaudited condensed consolidated statements of operations and were as follows (in thousands):
 Three Months Ended June 30,Six Months Ended June 30,
 2025202420252024
Servicing fees
$45,323 $42,175 $89,866 $84,131 
Escrow interest and placement fees12,492 15,556 24,734 29,746 
Ancillary fees978 354 1,667 822 
Total$58,793 $58,085 $116,267 $114,699 

 Newmark’s primary servicing portfolio as of June 30, 2025 and December 31, 2024 was $69.6 billion and $67.4 billion, respectively. Newmark’s limited servicing portfolio with recorded MSRs as of June 30, 2025 and December 31, 2024 was $5.5 billion and $6.5 billion, respectively. Also, Newmark is the named special servicer for a number of commercial mortgage-backed securitizations. Upon certain specified events (such as, but not limited to, loan defaults and loan assumptions), the administration of the loan is transferred to Newmark. Newmark’s special servicing portfolio was $1.6 billion and $2.5 billion at June 30, 2025 and December 31, 2024, respectively.
The estimated fair value of the MSRs as of June 30, 2025 and December 31, 2024 was $644.5 million and $658.1 million, respectively.

Fair values are estimated using a valuation model that calculates the present value of the future net servicing cash flows. The cash flows assumptions used are based on assumptions Newmark believes market participants would use to value the portfolio. Significant assumptions include estimates of the cost of servicing per loan, discount rate, earnings rate on escrow deposits and prepayment speeds.

The discount rates used in measuring fair value for the six months ended June 30, 2025 and year ended December 31, 2024 were between 6.1% and 13.5% and varied based on investor type. An increase in discount rate of 100 basis points or 200 basis points would result in a decrease in fair value by $15.8 million and $31.0 million, respectively, as of June 30, 2025, and by $16.6 million and $32.5 million, respectively, as of December 31, 2024.