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Share-Based Payments
6 Months Ended
Jun. 30, 2021
Share-Based Payments and Employee Benefits  
Share-Based Payments and Employee Benefits

11.Share-Based Payments

LTIP Units and Time-Based LTIP Units

During the six months ended June 30, 2021, certain employees were granted 486,908 LTIP Units with time-based vesting requirements ("Time-Based LTIP Units") with a weighted average grant-date fair value of $29.21 per unit that vest ratably over four years subject to continued employment. Compensation expense for these units is being recognized over a four-year period.

Additionally, in January 2021, we granted 163,065 fully vested LTIP Units, with a grant-date fair value of $29.54 per unit, to certain employees who elected to receive all or a portion of their cash bonus, related to 2020 service, as LTIP Units. Compensation expense totaling $4.8 million for these LTIP Units was recognized in 2020.

In April 2021, as part of their annual compensation, we granted a total of 71,792 fully vested LTIP Units to non-employee trustees with an aggregate grant-date fair value of $1.9 million. The LTIP Units may not be sold while such trustee is serving on the Board of Trustees.

The aggregate grant-date fair value of these Time-Based LTIP Units and LTIP Units granted during the six months ended June 30, 2021 was $20.9 million. The LTIP Units were valued based on the closing common share price on the date of grant, less a discount for post-grant restrictions, and the Time-Based LTIP Units were valued using Monte Carlo simulations. The following is a summary of the significant assumptions used to value the Time-Based LTIP Units:

Expected volatility

   

34.0% to 39%

Risk-free interest rate

 

0.1% to 0.4%

Post-grant restriction periods

 

2 to 3 years

Performance-Based LTIP Units

In January 2021, certain employees were granted 627,874 LTIP Units with performance-based vesting requirements ("Performance-Based LTIP Units") with a weighted average grant-date fair value of $15.14 per unit. Our Performance-Based LTIP Units have a three-year performance period. 50% of any Performance-Based LTIP Units that are earned vest at the end of the three-year performance period and the remaining 50% vest on the fourth anniversary of the date of grant, subject to continued employment. If, however, the Performance-Based LTIP Units do not achieve a positive absolute total shareholder return ("TSR") at the end of the three-year performance period, but satisfy the relative performance criteria thereof, 50% of the units that otherwise could have been earned will be forfeited, and the remaining units that are earned will vest if and when we achieve a positive TSR during the succeeding seven years, measured at the end of each quarter. In January 2021, the three-year performance period ended for the Performance-Based LTIP Units granted on February 2, 2018. Based on our relative performance and absolute TSR over the three-year performance period, 100% of the units granted were earned.

The aggregate grant-date fair value of the Performance-Based LTIP Units granted during the six months ended June 30, 2021 was $9.5 million, valued using Monte Carlo simulations. Compensation expense for the Performance-Based

LTIP Units is being recognized over a four-year period. The following is a summary of the significant assumptions used to value the Performance-Based LTIP Units:

Expected volatility

   

34.0%

Dividend yield

 

2.6%

Risk-free interest rate

 

0.2%

Restricted Share Units ("RSUs")

Beginning in 2021, certain non-executive employees were granted RSUs with time-based vesting requirements ("Time-Based RSUs") and RSUs with performance-based vesting requirements ("Performance-Based RSUs") as part of their annual compensation. Vesting requirements and compensation expense recognition for the Time-Based RSUs and the Performance-Based RSUs are identical to those of the Time-Based LTIP Units and Performance-Based LTIP Units. During the six months ended June 30, 2021, we granted 22,194 Time-Based RSUs with a weighted average grant-date fair value of $31.52 per unit, and 13,516 Performance-Based RSUs with a weighted average grant-date fair value of $15.16 per unit.

The aggregate grant-date fair value of the RSUs granted during the six months ended June 30, 2021 was $905,000. The Time-Based RSUs were valued based on the closing common share price on the date of grant and the Performance-Based RSUs were valued using Monte Carlo simulations with the same significant assumptions used to value the Performance-Based LTIP Units above.

ESPP

Pursuant to the ESPP, employees purchased 34,320 common shares for $880,000 during the six months ended June 30, 2021. The following is a summary of the significant assumptions used to value the ESPP common shares using the Black-Scholes model:

Expected volatility

   

39.0%

Dividend yield

 

1.5%

Risk-free interest rate

 

0.1%

Expected life

6 months

Share-Based Compensation Expense

The following is a summary of share-based compensation expense:

Three Months Ended June 30, 

Six Months Ended June 30, 

    

2021

    

2020

2021

    

2020

 

(In thousands)

Time-Based LTIP Units

$

4,115

$

4,288

$

8,495

$

7,639

Performance-Based LTIP Units

 

3,160

 

6,219

 

6,399

 

10,208

LTIP Units

 

1,091

 

1,100

 

1,091

 

1,100

Other equity awards (1)

 

1,459

 

1,590

 

2,922

 

3,139

Share-based compensation expense - other

 

9,825

 

13,197

 

18,907

 

22,086

Formation Awards

 

718

 

1,339

 

1,447

 

2,598

OP Units (2)

 

2,192

 

5,977

 

4,898

 

12,618

LTIP Units (2)

 

73

 

103

 

151

 

215

Special Performance-Based LTIP Units (3)

 

701

 

687

 

1,385

 

1,358

Special Time-Based LTIP Units (3)

 

757

 

752

 

1,505

 

1,510

Share-based compensation related to Formation Transaction and special equity awards (4)

 

4,441

 

8,858

 

9,386

 

18,299

Total share-based compensation expense

 

14,266

 

22,055

 

28,293

 

40,385

Less amount capitalized

 

(610)

 

(1,243)

 

(1,401)

 

(2,211)

Share-based compensation expense

$

13,656

$

20,812

$

26,892

$

38,174

(1)Primarily comprising compensation expense for: (i) certain employees who have elected to receive all or a portion of any cash bonus earned in the form of fully vested LTIP Units, (ii) RSUs and (iii) our ESPP.
(2)Represents share-based compensation expense for LTIP Units and OP Units issued in the Formation Transaction, which are subject to post-Combination employment obligations.
(3)Represents equity awards issued related to our successful pursuit of Amazon's additional headquarters in National Landing.
(4)Included in "General and administrative expense: Share-based compensation related to Formation Transaction and special equity awards" in the accompanying statements of operations.

As of June 30, 2021, we had $45.2 million of total unrecognized compensation expense related to unvested share-based payment arrangements, which is expected to be recognized over a weighted average period of 1.8 years.

In April 2021, our shareholders approved an amendment to the JBG SMITH 2017 Omnibus Share Plan (the "Plan") to increase the common shares reserved under the Plan by 8.0 million.

July 2021 Grants

On July 29, 2021, certain employees were granted 624,116 Time-Based LTIP Units with an estimated grant-date fair value of $19.8 million and 865,773 Performance-Based LTIP Units with an estimated grant-date fair value of $20.0 million. The Time-Based LTIP Units and Performance-Based LTIP Units vest 50% on the fifth anniversary of the grant date and 25% on each of the sixth and seventh anniversaries of the grant date, subject to continued employment. The Performance-Based LTIP Units earn based on our achievement of four share price targets during the performance period commencing on the first anniversary of the grant date and ending on the sixth anniversary of the grant date.