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Segment Information
6 Months Ended
Jun. 30, 2020
Segment Reporting [Abstract]  
Segment Information

16.Segment Information

We review operating and financial data for each property on an individual basis; therefore, each of our individual properties is a separate operating segment. We defined our reportable segments to be aligned with our method of internal reporting and the way our Chief Executive Officer, who is also our Chief Operating Decision Maker ("CODM"), makes key operating decisions, evaluates financial results, allocates resources and manages our business. Accordingly, we aggregate our operating segments into three reportable segments (commercial, multifamily, and third-party asset management and real estate services) based on the economic characteristics and nature of our assets and services.

The CODM measures and evaluates the performance of our operating segments, with the exception of the third-party asset management and real estate services business, based on the net operating income ("NOI") of properties within each segment. NOI includes property rental revenue and other property revenue, and deducts property operating expenses and real estate taxes.

With respect to the third-party asset management and real estate services business, the CODM reviews revenue streams generated by this segment ("Third-party real estate services, including reimbursements"), as well as the expenses attributable to the segment ("General and administrative: third-party real estate services"), which are both disclosed

separately in our statements of operations. The following represents the components of revenue from our third-party real estate services business:

​

​

​

​

​

​

​

​

​

​

​

​

​

​

​

​

Three Months Ended June 30, 

​

Six Months Ended June 30, 

​

    

2020

    

2019

​

2020

    

2019

​

 

(In thousands)

Property management fees

​

$

4,735

​

$

5,687

​

$

10,759

​

$

11,115

Asset management fees

​

 

2,375

​

 

3,547

​

 

5,099

​

 

7,035

Leasing fees

​

 

794

​

 

1,085

​

 

2,541

​

 

3,298

Development fees

​

 

3,048

​

 

2,533

​

 

5,860

​

 

4,129

Construction management fees

​

 

460

​

 

470

​

 

1,473

​

 

1,099

Other service revenue

​

 

1,817

​

 

1,738

​

 

3,452

​

 

2,621

Third-party real estate services revenue, excluding reimbursements

​

 

13,229

​

 

15,060

​

 

29,184

​

 

29,297

Reimbursements revenue (1)

​

 

13,938

​

 

14,427

​

 

27,699

​

 

27,881

Third-party real estate services revenue, including reimbursements

​

​

27,167

​

​

29,487

​

​

56,883

​

​

57,178

Third-party real estate services expenses

​

​

29,239

​

​

28,710

​

​

58,053

​

​

56,776

Third-party real estate services revenue less expenses

​

$

(2,072)

​

$

777

​

$

(1,170)

​

$

402

(1)Represents reimbursement of expenses incurred by us on behalf of third parties, including allocated payroll costs and amounts paid to third-party contractors for construction management projects.

Management company assets primarily consist of management and leasing contracts with a net book value of $28.5 million and $31.5 million and are classified in "Other assets, net" in our balance sheets as of June 30, 2020 and December 31, 2019. Consistent with internal reporting presented to our CODM and our definition of NOI, the third-party asset management and real estate services operating results are excluded from the NOI data below.

The following is the reconciliation of net income (loss) attributable to common shareholders to consolidated NOI:

​

​

​

​

​

​

​

​

​

​

​

​

​

​

​

​

Three Months Ended June 30, 

​

Six Months Ended June 30, 

​

    

2020

    

2019

​

2020

    

2019

​

 

(In thousands)

Net income (loss) attributable to common shareholders

​

$

(36,780)

​

$

(3,040)

​

$

6,145

​

$

21,821

Add:

​

 

  

​

 

  

​

 

  

​

 

  

Depreciation and amortization expense

​

 

52,616

​

 

45,995

​

 

101,105

​

 

94,714

General and administrative expense:

​

 

  

​

 

  

​

 

  

​

 

  

Corporate and other

​

 

13,216

​

 

11,559

​

 

26,392

​

 

23,873

Third-party real estate services

​

 

29,239

​

 

28,710

​

 

58,053

​

 

56,776

Share-based compensation related to Formation Transaction and special equity awards

​

 

8,858

​

 

9,523

​

 

18,299

​

 

20,654

Transaction and other costs

​

 

1,372

​

 

2,974

​

 

6,681

​

 

7,869

Interest expense

​

 

15,770

​

 

13,107

​

 

27,775

​

 

30,281

Loss on extinguishment of debt

​

 

—

​

 

1,889

​

 

33

​

 

1,889

Income tax expense (benefit)

​

 

(888)

​

 

51

​

 

(3,233)

​

 

(1,121)

Net income (loss) attributable to redeemable noncontrolling interests

​

 

(3,483)

​

 

(288)

​

 

1,767

​

 

3,099

Less:

​

 

  

​

 

  

​

 

  

​

 

  

Third-party real estate services, including reimbursements

​

 

27,167

​

 

29,487

​

 

56,883

​

 

57,178

Other revenue (1)

​

 

1,516

​

 

2,114

​

 

3,146

​

 

3,755

Income (loss) from unconsolidated real estate ventures, net

​

 

(13,485)

​

 

(1,810)

​

 

(16,177)

​

 

1,791

Interest and other income, net

​

 

114

​

 

2,052

​

 

1,021

​

 

3,003

Gain on sale of real estate

​

 

—

​

 

—

​

 

59,477

​

 

39,033

Consolidated NOI

​

$

64,608

​

$

78,637

​

$

138,667

​

$

155,095

(1)Excludes parking revenue of $810,000 and $7.2 million for the three and six months ended June 30, 2020, and $6.7 million and $13.1 million for the three and six months ended June 30, 2019.

The following is a summary of NOI by segment. Items classified in the Other column include future development assets, corporate entities and the elimination of intersegment activity.

​

​

​

​

​

​

​

​

​

​

​

​

​

​

​

​

Three Months Ended June 30, 2020

​

    

Commercial

    

Multifamily

    

Other

    

Total

​

 

(In thousands)

Property rental revenue

​

$

85,575

​

$

31,618

​

$

(1,734)

​

$

115,459

Other property revenue

​

 

772

​

 

38

​

 

—

​

 

810

Total property revenue

​

 

86,347

​

 

31,656

​

 

(1,734)

​

 

116,269

Property expense:

​

 

​

​

 

​

​

 

​

​

 

  

Property operating

​

 

24,001

​

 

10,705

​

 

(914)

​

 

33,792

Real estate taxes

​

 

12,024

​

 

4,694

​

 

1,151

​

 

17,869

Total property expense

​

 

36,025

​

 

15,399

​

 

237

​

 

51,661

Consolidated NOI

​

$

50,322

​

$

16,257

​

$

(1,971)

​

$

64,608

​

​

Three Months Ended June 30, 2019

​

    

Commercial

    

Multifamily

    

Other

    

Total

​

 

(In thousands)

Property rental revenue

​

$

94,626

​

$

28,873

​

$

(1,173)

​

$

122,326

Other property revenue

​

 

6,600

​

 

90

​

 

—

​

 

6,690

Total property revenue

​

 

101,226

​

 

28,963

​

 

(1,173)

​

 

129,016

Property expense:

​

 

​

​

 

  

​

 

  

​

 

  

Property operating

​

 

26,409

​

 

8,204

​

 

(2,500)

​

 

32,113

Real estate taxes

​

 

12,739

​

 

4,143

​

 

1,384

​

 

18,266

Total property expense

​

 

39,148

​

 

12,347

​

 

(1,116)

​

 

50,379

Consolidated NOI

​

$

62,078

​

$

16,616

​

$

(57)

​

$

78,637

​

​

​

​

​

​

​

​

​

​

​

​

​

​

​

​

Six Months Ended June 30, 2020

​

    

Commercial

    

Multifamily

    

Other

    

Total

​

 

(In thousands)

Property rental revenue

​

$

176,773

​

$

64,421

​

$

(5,355)

​

$

235,839

Other property revenue

​

 

7,016

​

 

175

​

 

—

​

 

7,191

Total property revenue

​

 

183,789

​

 

64,596

​

 

(5,355)

​

 

243,030

Property expense:

​

 

​

​

 

  

​

 

  

​

 

  

Property operating

​

 

51,944

​

 

21,012

​

 

(4,661)

​

 

68,295

Real estate taxes

​

 

24,396

​

 

9,432

​

 

2,240

​

 

36,068

Total property expense

​

 

76,340

​

 

30,444

​

 

(2,421)

​

 

104,363

Consolidated NOI

​

$

107,449

​

$

34,152

​

$

(2,934)

​

$

138,667

​

​

Six Months Ended June 30, 2019

​

    

Commercial

    

Multifamily

    

Other

    

Total

​

​

(In thousands)

Property rental revenue

​

$

190,873

​

$

57,123

​

$

(6,257)

​

$

241,739

Other property revenue

​

 

12,974

​

 

170

​

 

—

​

 

13,144

Total property revenue

​

 

203,847

​

 

57,293

​

 

(6,257)

​

 

254,883

Property expense:

​

 

  

​

 

  

​

 

  

​

 

  

Property operating

​

 

56,889

​

 

16,172

​

 

(8,774)

​

 

64,287

Real estate taxes

​

 

25,252

​

 

7,692

​

 

2,557

​

 

35,501

Total property expense

​

 

82,141

​

 

23,864

​

 

(6,217)

​

 

99,788

Consolidated NOI

​

$

121,706

​

$

33,429

​

$

(40)

​

$

155,095

​

The following is a summary of certain balance sheet data by segment:

​

​

​

​

​

​

​

​

​

​

​

​

​

​

​

    

Commercial

    

Multifamily

    

Other

    

Total

​

​

(In thousands)

June 30, 2020

​

​

​

​

​

​

​

​

​

​

​

​

Real estate, at cost

​

$

3,491,770

​

$

2,027,666

​

$

394,655

​

$

5,914,091

Investments in unconsolidated real estate ventures

​

 

332,151

​

 

107,232

​

 

25,054

​

 

464,437

Total assets (1)

​

 

3,494,463

​

 

1,698,795

​

 

1,302,519

​

 

6,495,777

December 31, 2019

​

 

  

​

 

  

​

 

  

​

 

  

Real estate, at cost

​

$

3,415,294

​

$

1,998,297

​

$

361,928

​

$

5,775,519

Investments in unconsolidated real estate ventures

​

 

396,199

​

 

107,882

​

 

38,945

​

 

543,026

Total assets (1)

​

 

3,361,122

​

 

1,682,872

​

 

942,257

​

 

5,986,251

(1)Includes assets held for sale. See Note 3 for additional information.