Fair Value Measurements

3 Months Ended

Mar. 31, 2020

Fair Value Disclosures [Abstract]

Fair Value Measurements

15.Fair Value Measurements

Fair Value Measurements on a Recurring Basis

To manage or hedge our exposure to interest rate risk, we follow established risk management policies and procedures, including the use of a variety of derivative financial instruments. We do not enter into derivative financial instruments for speculative purposes.

As of March 31, 2020 and December 31, 2019, we had various derivative financial instruments consisting of interest rate swap and cap agreements that are measured at fair value on a recurring basis. The net unrealized loss on our derivative financial instruments designated as cash flow hedges was $50.5 million and $17.7 million as of March 31, 2020 and December 31, 2019 and was recorded in "Accumulated other comprehensive loss" in our balance sheets, of which a portion was reclassified to "Redeemable noncontrolling interests." Within the next 12 months, we expect to reclassify $16.0 million as an increase to interest expense. The net unrealized gain (loss) on our derivative financial instruments not designated as cash flow hedges was $47,000 and $(48,000) for the three months ended March 31, 2020 and 2019, and was recorded in "Interest expense" in our statements of operations and "Net unrealized loss (gain) on ineffective derivative financial instruments" in our statements of cash flows.

Accounting Standards Codification 820 ("Topic 820"), Fair Value Measurement and Disclosures, defines fair value and establishes a framework for measuring fair value. The objective of fair value is to determine the price that would be received upon the sale of an asset or paid to transfer a liability in an orderly transaction between market participants at the

measurement date (the exit price). Topic 820 establishes a fair value hierarchy that prioritizes observable and unobservable inputs used to measure fair value into three levels:

Level 1 — quoted prices (unadjusted) in active markets that are accessible at the measurement date for assets or liabilities;

Level 2 — observable prices that are based on inputs not quoted in active markets, but corroborated by market data; and

Level 3 — unobservable inputs that are used when little or no market data is available.

The fair values of the derivative financial instruments are based on the estimated amounts we would receive or pay to terminate the contracts at the reporting date and are determined using interest rate pricing models and observable inputs. The derivative financial instruments are classified within Level 2 of the valuation hierarchy.

The following is a summary of assets and liabilities measured at fair value on a recurring basis:

	Fair Value Measurements
	Total		Level 1		Level 2		Level 3
	(In thousands)
March 31, 2020
Derivative financial instruments designated as cash flow hedges:
Classified as liabilities in "Other liabilities, net"	$	50,169		—	$	50,169		—
Derivative financial instruments not designated as cash flow hedges:
Classified as assets in "Other assets, net"		63		—		63		—
December 31, 2019
Derivative financial instruments designated as cash flow hedges:
Classified as liabilities in "Other liabilities, net"	$	17,440		—	$	17,440		—

The fair values of our derivative financial instruments were determined using widely accepted valuation techniques, including discounted cash flow analysis on the expected cash flows of the derivative financial instrument. This analysis reflected the contractual terms of the derivative, including the period to maturity, and used observable market-based inputs, including interest rate market data and implied volatilities in such interest rates. While it was determined that the majority of the inputs used to value the derivatives fall within Level 2 of the fair value hierarchy under authoritative accounting guidance, the credit valuation adjustments associated with the derivatives also utilized Level 3 inputs, such as estimates of current credit spreads to evaluate the likelihood of default. However, as of March 31, 2020 and December 31, 2019, the significance of the impact of the credit valuation adjustments on the overall valuation of the derivative financial instruments was assessed, and it was determined that these adjustments were not significant to the overall valuation of the derivative financial instruments. As a result, it was determined that the derivative financial instruments in their entirety should be classified in Level 2 of the fair value hierarchy. The net unrealized gains and losses included in "Other comprehensive loss" in our statements of comprehensive income for the three months ended March 31, 2020 and 2019 were attributable to the net change in unrealized gains or losses related to the interest rate swaps that were outstanding during those periods, none of which were reported in our statements of operations as the interest rate swaps were documented and qualified as hedging instruments.

Financial Assets and Liabilities Not Measured at Fair Value

As of March 31, 2020 and December 31, 2019, all financial instruments and liabilities were reflected in our balance sheets at amounts which, in our estimation, reasonably approximated their fair values, except for the following:

	March 31, 2020				December 31, 2019
	Carrying				Carrying
	Amount (1)		Fair Value		Amount (1)		Fair Value
	(In thousands)
Financial liabilities:
Mortgages payable	$	1,300,626	$	1,223,797	$	1,127,848	$	1,162,890
Revolving credit facility		200,000		196,930		200,000		200,177
Unsecured term loans		300,000		296,208		300,000		300,607

(1) The carrying amount consists of principal only.

The fair values of the mortgages payable, revolving credit facility and unsecured term loans were determined using Level 2 inputs of the fair value hierarchy.