Summary of Significant Accounting Policies (Policies)

9 Months Ended

Dec. 31, 2018

In order to make this report easier to read, DXC refers throughout to (i) the interim unaudited Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements as the “financial statements,” (ii) the Condensed Consolidated Statements of Operations as the “statements of operations,” (iii) the Condensed Consolidated Statement of Comprehensive Income as the "statements of comprehensive income," (iv) the Condensed Consolidated Balance Sheets as the “balance sheets,” and (v) the Condensed Consolidated Statements of Cash Flows as the “statements of cash flows.” In addition, references throughout to numbered “Notes” refer to the numbered Notes in these Notes to Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements, unless otherwise noted.

The accompanying financial statements include the accounts of DXC, its consolidated subsidiaries, and those business entities in which DXC maintains a controlling interest. Investments in business entities in which the Company does not have control, but has the ability to exercise significant influence over operating and financial policies, are accounted for by the equity method. Other investments are accounted for by the cost method. Non-controlling interests are presented as a separate component within equity in the balance sheets. Net earnings attributable to the non-controlling interests are presented separately in the statements of operations and comprehensive income attributable to non-controlling interests are presented separately in the statements of comprehensive income. All intercompany transactions and balances have been eliminated. Certain amounts reported in the previous year have been reclassified to conform to the current year presentation.

The financial statements of the Company have been prepared in accordance with the rules and regulations of the U.S. Securities and Exchange Commission for quarterly reports and accounting principles generally accepted in the United States ("GAAP"). Certain disclosures normally included in financial statements prepared in accordance with GAAP have been condensed or omitted pursuant to such rules. These financial statements should therefore be read in conjunction with the audited consolidated financial statements and accompanying notes for the fiscal year ended March 31, 2018 ("fiscal 2018") included in Exhibit 99.1 to the Company's Current Report on Form 8-K filed with the Securities and Exchange Commission on August 16, 2018.

Use of Estimates

The preparation of financial statements in conformity with GAAP, requires the Company's management to make estimates and assumptions that affect amounts reported in the financial statements. The Company bases its estimates on assumptions regarding historical experience, currently available information and anticipated developments that it believes are reasonable and appropriate. However, because the use of estimates involves an inherent degree of uncertainty, actual results could differ from those estimates. In the opinion of the Company's management, the accompanying financial statements of DXC contain all adjustments, including normal recurring adjustments, necessary to present fairly the Company's financial statements. The results of operations for the interim periods shown in this report are not necessarily indicative of the results that may be expected for the fiscal year ending March 31, 2019 ("fiscal 2019").

Separation of USPS

As a result of the Separation, the statements of operations, balance sheets, and related financial information reflect USPS's operations, assets and liabilities as discontinued operations for all periods presented. The cash flows of USPS have not been segregated and are included in the statements of cash flows for all periods presented. In addition, USPS is no longer a reportable segment. DXC's reportable segments are Global Business Services ("GBS") and Global Infrastructure Services ("GIS").

Revenue Recognition

Effective April 1, 2018, the Company adopted ASU 2014-09, “Revenue from Contracts with Customers (ASC 606),” using the modified retrospective method. Refer to Note 2 - “Recent Accounting Pronouncements” and Note 12 - “Revenue” for further discussion of the impact of adoption and other required disclosures. The Company’s accounting policy related to the new revenue standard is summarized below.

The Company's primary service offerings are information technology outsourcing, other professional services, or a combination thereof. Revenues are recognized when control of the promised goods or services is transferred to DXC's customers, in an amount that reflects the consideration the Company expects to be entitled to in exchange for those goods or services.

DXC determines revenue recognition through the five-step model as follows:


•	Identification of the contract, or contracts, with a customer


•	Identification of the performance obligations in the contract


•	Determination of the transaction price


•	Allocation of the transaction price to the performance obligations in the contract


•	Recognition of revenue when, or as, the Company satisfies a performance obligation

DXC's IT outsourcing arrangements typically reflect a single performance obligation that comprises a series of distinct services which are substantially the same and provided over a period of time using the same measure of progress. Revenue derived from these arrangements is recognized over time based upon the level of services delivered in the distinct periods in which they are provided using an input method based on time increments. DXC's contracts often include upfront fees billed for activities to familiarize DXC with the client's operations, take control over their administration and operation, and adapt them to DXC's solutions. Upfront fees are generally recognized ratably over the contract period, which approximates the manner in which the services are provided. These activities typically do not qualify as performance obligations, and the related revenues are allocated to the relevant performance obligations and recognized ratably over time as the performance obligation is satisfied during the period in which DXC provides the related service, which is typically the life of the contract. Software transactions that include multiple performance obligations are described below.

For contracts with multiple performance obligations, DXC allocates the contract’s transaction price to each performance obligation based on the relative standalone selling price of each distinct good or service in the contract. Other than software sales involving multiple performance obligations, the primary method used to estimate standalone selling price is the expected cost plus a margin approach, under which the Company forecasts its expected costs of satisfying a performance obligation and then adds an appropriate margin for that distinct good or service.

The transaction price of a contract is determined based on fixed and variable consideration. Variable consideration related to the Company’s IT outsourcing offerings often include volume-based pricing that are allocated to the distinct days of the services to which the variable consideration pertains. However, in certain cases, estimates of variable consideration, including penalties, contingent milestone payments and rebates are necessary. The Company only includes estimates of variable consideration in the transaction price to the extent it is probable that a significant reversal of cumulative revenue recognized will not occur. These judgments involve consideration of historical and expected experience with the customer and other similar customers, and the facts and circumstances specific to the arrangement.

The Company generally provides its services under time and materials contracts, unit price contracts, fixed-price contracts, and software contracts for which revenue is recognized in the following manner:

Time and materials contracts. Revenue is recognized over time at agreed-upon billing rates when services are provided.

Unit-price contracts. Revenue is recognized over time based on unit metrics multiplied by the agreed upon contract unit price or when services are delivered.

Fixed-price contracts. For certain fixed-price contracts, revenue is recognized over time using a method that measures the extent of progress towards completion of a performance obligation, generally using a cost-input method (referred to as the percentage-of-completion cost-to-cost method). Under the percentage-of-completion cost-to-cost method, revenue is recognized based on the proportion of total cost incurred to estimated total costs at completion. A performance obligation's estimate at completion includes all direct costs such as materials, labor, subcontractor costs, overhead, and a ratable portion of general and administrative costs. If output or input measures are not available or cannot be reasonably estimated, revenue is deferred until progress can be measured and costs are not deferred unless they meet the criteria for capitalization. Under the percentage-of-completion cost-to-cost method, progress towards completion is measured based on either achievement of specified contract milestones, costs incurred as a proportion of estimated total costs, or other measures of progress when appropriate. Profit in a given period is reported at the estimated profit margin to be achieved on the overall contract.

Software contracts. Certain of DXC's arrangements involve the sale of DXC proprietary software, post contract customer support, and other software-related services. The standalone selling price generally is determined for each performance obligation using an adjusted market assessment approach based on the price charged where each deliverable is sold separately. In certain limited cases (typically for software licenses) when the historical selling price is highly variable, the residual approach is used. This approach allocates revenue to the performance obligation equal to the difference between the total transaction price and the observable standalone selling prices for the other performance obligations. Revenue from distinct software licenses is recognized at a point in time when the customer can first use the software license. If significant customization is required, software revenue is recognized as the related software customization services are performed in accordance with the percentage-of-completion method described above. Revenue for post contract customer support and other software services is recognized over time as those services are provided.

Practical Expedients and Exemptions

DXC does not adjust the promised amount of consideration for the effects of a significant financing component when the period between when DXC transfers a promised good or service to a customer and when the customer pays for that good or service will be one year or less.

In addition, the Company reports revenue net of any revenue-based taxes assessed by a governmental authority that are imposed on and concurrent with specific revenue-producing transactions, such as sales taxes and value-added taxes.

Contract Balances

The timing of revenue recognition, billings and cash collections results in accounts receivable (billed receivables, unbilled receivables and contract assets) and deferred revenue and advance contract payments (contract liabilities) on the Company's balance sheets. In arrangements that contain an element of customized software solutions, amounts are generally billed as work progresses in accordance with agreed-upon contractual terms, either at periodic intervals (e.g. monthly) or upon achievement of certain contractual milestones. Generally, billing occurs subsequent to revenue recognition, sometimes resulting in contract assets if the related billing is conditional upon more than just the passage of time. However, the Company sometimes receives advances or deposits from customers, before revenue is recognized, which results in the generation of contract liabilities. Payment terms vary by type of product or service being provided as well as by customer, although the term between invoicing and when payment is due is generally an insignificant period of time.

Costs to Obtain a Contract

Certain sales commissions earned by the Company's sales force are considered incremental and recoverable costs of obtaining a contract with a customer. The majority of sales commissions are paid based on the achievement of quota-based targets. These costs are deferred and amortized on a straight-line basis over an average period of benefit determined to be five years. The Company determined the period of benefit considering the length of its customer contracts, its technology and other factors. The period of benefit approximates the average stated contract terms, excluding expected future renewals, because sales commissions are paid upon contract renewal in a manner commensurate with the initial commissions. Some commission payments are not capitalized because they are expensed during the fiscal year as the related revenue is recognized. Capitalized sales commissions costs are classified within other assets and amortized in selling, general and administrative expenses.

Costs to Fulfill a Contract

Certain contract setup costs incurred upon initiation or renewal of an outsourcing contract that generate or enhance resources to be used in satisfying future performance obligations are capitalized when they are deemed recoverable. Judgment is applied to assess whether contract setup costs are capitalizable. Costs that generate or enhance resources often pertain to activities that enhance the capabilities of the services, improve customer experience and establish a more effective and efficient IT environment. The Company recognizes these transition and transformation contract costs as intangible assets, which are amortized over the respective contract life.

Recent Accounting Pronouncements

Effective April 1, 2018, DXC adopted the following Accounting Standards Updates ("ASU") issued by the Financial Accounting Standards Board:



Date Issued and ASU	Date Adopted and Method	Description	Impact
May 2014 ASU 2014-09 “Revenue from Contracts with Customers (Topic 606)"	April 1, 2018 Modified-retrospective	The core principle of this update, and the subsequent amendments, is that revenue is recognized when the transfer of goods or services to customers occurs in an amount that reflects the consideration to which DXC expects to be entitled in exchange for those goods or services. The guidance also addresses the timing of recognition of certain costs incurred to obtain or fulfill a customer contract. Further, it requires the disclosure of sufficient information to enable readers of DXC’s financial statements to understand the nature, amount, timing and uncertainty of revenue and cash flows arising from customer contracts, and information regarding significant judgments and changes in judgments made. This update provides two methods of adoption: full retrospective and modified retrospective. Under the full retrospective method, the standard would be applied to all periods presented with previously disclosed periods restated under the new guidance. Under the modified retrospective method, prior periods would not be restated but rather a cumulative catch-up adjustment would be recorded on the adoption date.	The Company adopted this standard using the modified retrospective method. The Company has applied the standard to only those contracts that were not completed at the adoption date. The adoption resulted in the following impacts. The Company recorded a net increase to opening retained earnings, net of income taxes, of approximately $114 million as of April 1, 2018 due to the cumulative impact of adopting Topic 606, with the impact primarily related to the capitalization of certain sales commissions of approximately $158 million offset by a reduction in income tax assets and liabilities of approximately $40 million. In addition, the Company has recorded a reduction in contract liabilities of approximately $381 million and other current assets and other assets of $385 million, primarily related to the net down of certain long-term contract asset and contract liability balances and the change in timing of revenue and costs recognized related to the Company's software contracts. Refer to Note 12 - “Revenue” for further discussion of the impact of adoption and other required disclosures.



March 2017 ASU 2017-07 “Compensation - Retirement Benefits (Topic 715): Improving the Presentation of Net Periodic Pension Cost and Net Periodic Postretirement Benefit Cost"	April 1, 2018 Retrospective	This update is intended to improve the presentation of net periodic pension cost and net periodic post-retirement benefit cost in an entity's financial statements by requiring the service cost component be disaggregated from other components of net benefit costs and presented in the same line item or items as other compensation costs for the employees. Additionally, only the service cost component of net benefit cost is eligible for capitalization when applicable. This update must be applied retrospectively.	DXC reclassified non-service cost components of net periodic pension (income) expense from "costs of services" and "selling, general and administrative" to "other income, net" in the statements of operations for the three and nine months ended December 31, 2017. The aggregate service cost component of net periodic pension income remaining in "costs of services" and "selling, general and administrative" is $30 million and $96 million, for the three and nine months ended December 31, 2017, respectively.
August 2016 ASU 2016-15 “Statement of Cash Flows (Topic 230): Classification of Certain Cash Receipts and Cash Payments"	April 1, 2018 Retrospective	This update addressed eight cash flow classification issues that have created diversity in practice, providing definitive guidance on classification of certain cash receipts and payments. This update must be adopted retrospectively for all periods presented but may be applied prospectively if retrospective application would be impracticable	ASU 2016-15 requires the company to classify cash receipts related to its beneficial interests in securitization transactions, which is the deferred purchase price (the “DPP”) recorded in connection with the Company's Receivables Securitization Facility, within investing activities in its statements of cash flows. The Company adopted ASU 2016-15 effective April 1, 2018, and retrospectively adjusted prior fiscal periods, using each month’s transactional activity as the unit of account in determining the portions of transferred trade receivables as operating activities and investing activities. As disclosed in prior quarters the Company was evaluating the unit of account used in implementing ASU 2016-15. During the third quarter of fiscal 2019, the Company completed its evaluation and determined that it was necessary to change the unit of account from each month's transactional activity to each day's transactional activity. The Company reflected this change on a retrospective basis as further discussed in Note 21 - "Reconciliation of Previously Reported Amounts to Recast Financial Statements. See Note 6 - "Sale of Receivables" for more information about the Receivables Securitization Facility.
November 2016 ASU 2016-18 “Statement of Cash Flows (Topic 230): Restricted Cash (A Consensus of the FASB Emerging Issues Task Force")	April 1, 2018 Retrospective	This update requires that amounts described as restricted cash or restricted cash equivalents must be included with cash and cash equivalents when reconciling the beginning-of-period and end-of-period total amounts shown on the statement of cash flows. This update must be applied retrospectively.	DXC reclassified restricted cash to beginning-of-period and end-of-period cash and cash equivalents on the statement of cash flows.

See Note 21 - "Reconciliation of Previously Reported Amounts to Recast Financial Statements" for the financial statement impact of the adoption of these ASU's.

The following ASUs were recently issued but have not yet been adopted by DXC:



Date Issued and ASU	DXC Effective Date	Description	Impact
February 2016 ASU 2016-02 "Leases (Topic 842)"	Fiscal 2020	This update is intended to increase transparency and comparability among organizations by recognizing virtually all lease assets and lease liabilities on the balance sheet and disclosing key information about lease arrangements. Early adoption of this update is permitted. This update must be adopted using a modified retrospective transition at the beginning of the earliest period presented or at the adoption date recognizing a cumulative adjustment to the opening balance of retained earnings in the period of adoption and provides for certain practical expedients.	DXC is currently evaluating the effect the adoption of this standard will have on its existing accounting policies and the financial statements in future reporting periods. The Company expects there will be a material increase in assets and liabilities on its balance sheets at adoption due to the recording of right-of-use assets and corresponding lease liabilities for lease obligations that are currently classified as operating leases. The Company is in the process of implementing changes to its systems, processes and controls, including the implementation of a lease accounting software solution to comply with the new standard. DXC expects to adopt certain transition expedients permitted under Topic 842, as follows: DXC expects to adopt this standard on a modified retrospective basis beginning on the adoption date, with comparative period disclosures following ASC 840 requirements. DXC does not expect to reassess lease determination, lease classification or indirect cost capitalization for leases that commenced prior to the adoption date. DXC does not expect to recognize on the balance sheet leases that both (i) have a ‘lease term’ of 12 months or less and (ii) do not contain a ‘reasonably certain’ purchase option.
August 2017 ASU 2017-12 "Derivatives & Hedging (Topic 815)"	Fiscal 2020 with early adoption expected in the fourth quarter of Fiscal 2019	This update is intended to improve the financial reporting of hedge relationships to better portray the economic results of an entity's risk management activities in its financial statements, by revising and expanding items eligible for hedge accounting, simplifying hedge effectiveness testing and changing the timing of recognition and presentation of certain hedge items. Early adoption is permitted.	DXC does not expect the adoption of this standard to have a material impact on its financial statements. DXC expects to adopt this standard on a modified retrospective basis.

Other recently issued ASUs effective after December 31, 2018 are not expected to have a material effect on DXC's consolidated financial statements.

Goodwill Impairment Analyses

The Company tests goodwill for impairment on an annual basis, as of the first day of the second fiscal quarter and between annual tests if circumstances change, or if an event occurs that would more likely than not reduce the fair value of a reporting unit below its carrying amount.