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Shareholders Equity - Narrative (Details) - CAD ($)
$ in Millions
12 Months Ended
Dec. 31, 2018
Dec. 31, 2017
Dec. 31, 2016
Oct. 19, 2018
May 10, 2017
Apr. 20, 2016
Preferred shares issued (in shares) 0          
Common Shares repurchased (in shares) 4,600,000 1,900,000 6,900,000      
CP Common Shares repurchased $ 1,127 $ 381 $ 1,210      
2016 Normal Course Issuer Bid (NCIB) [Member]            
Common shares authorized to be repurchased           6,910,000
Share repurchase expiration date     May 01, 2017      
Common Shares repurchased (in shares)     6,910,000      
CP Common Shares repurchased     $ 1,210      
2017 Normal Course Issuer Bid (NCIB) [Member]            
Common shares authorized to be repurchased         4,380,000  
Share repurchase expiration date   May 14, 2018        
Common Shares repurchased (in shares)   1,888,100        
CP Common Shares repurchased   $ 381        
Current Normal Course Issuer Bid (NCIB) [Member]            
Common shares authorized to be repurchased       5,680,000    
Share repurchase expiration date Oct. 23, 2019          
Common Shares repurchased (in shares) 2,190,000          
CP Common Shares repurchased $ 568          
Additional Paid-in Capital [Member]            
Adjustments to Additional paid in capital, exercise of stock options 12 12 5      
CP Common Shares repurchased $ 0 $ 0 $ 0