Income Taxes	9 Months Ended
Jul. 31, 2020
Income Tax Disclosure [Abstract]
Income Taxes	Note 13. Income Taxes For interim financial reporting, the Company estimates its annual effective tax rate based on the projected income for its entire fiscal year and records a provision (benefit) for income taxes on a quarterly basis based on the estimated annual effective income tax rate, adjusted for any discrete tax items. On March 27, 2020, the U.S. enacted the Coronavirus Aid, Relief and Economic Security Act (“CARES Act”). The Cares Act is an emergency economic stimulus package that includes spending and tax benefits to strengthen the U.S. economy and fund a nationwide effort to curtail the effect of COVID-19. While the CARES Act provides sweeping tax changes in response to the COVID-19 pandemic, some of the more significant provisions include removal of certain limitations on utilization of net operating losses, allowing for net operating loss carrybacks for certain past and future losses, increasing the ability to deduct interest expense, as well as amending certain provisions of the previously enacted Tax Cuts and Jobs Act. The Company continued to evaluate the impact of the CARES Act during the quarter and recorded a cumulative tax benefit of $3.5 million for the carryback of the fiscal year 2018 federal net operating loss. As the Company is carrying the losses back to years beginning before January 1, 2018, the tax benefit of $3.5 million is a result of the rate differential between the previous 35% federal tax rate and current statutory rate of 21%. The Company recorded income tax benefit of $0.5 million for the three months ended July 31, 2020, or 11.6% of pre-tax loss, compared to $1.9 million of expense, or 25.7% of pre-tax income, for the three months ended July 31, 2019. Results for the three months ended July 31, 2020 were unfavorably impacted by $0.8 million of net discrete tax expense primarily related to stock-based compensation tax deductions. Results for the three months ended July 31, 2019 were unfavorably impacted by $0.1 million of net discrete tax expenses primarily related to a federal provision-to-return adjustment. The Company recorded income tax benefit of $13.2 million for the nine months ended July 31, 2020, or 39.4% of pre-tax loss, compared to less than $0.1 million of expense, or (0.2)% of pre-tax loss, for the nine months ended July 31, 2019. Results for the nine months ended July 31, 2020 were favorably impacted by $4.6 million of net discrete tax benefits primarily related to net operating loss carrybacks allowable under the CARES Act and the nontaxable gain on the acquisition of Spartan ER which were offset by the net discrete tax expense related to stock-based compensation tax deductions. Results for the nine months ended July 31, 2019 were unfavorably impacted by $0.8 million of net discrete expenses primarily related to stock-based compensation tax deductions. The Company periodically evaluates its valuation allowance requirements as facts and circumstances change and may adjust its deferred tax asset valuation allowances accordingly. It is reasonably possible that the Company will either add to or reverse a portion of its existing deferred tax asset valuation allowances in the future. Such changes in the deferred tax asset valuation allowances will be reflected in the current operations through the Company’s effective income tax rate. During the three and nine months ended July 31, 2020, there were no changes to the Company’s valuation allowances. The Company’s liability for unrecognized tax benefits, including interest and penalties, was $2.8 million as of July 31, 2020 and $2.6 million as of October 31, 2019. The unrecognized tax benefits are presented in other long-term liabilities in the Company’s Condensed Unaudited Consolidated Balance Sheets for the period ended July 31, 2020. During the next twelve months, it is reasonably possible that $0.4 million of the unrecognized tax benefits, if recognized, would affect the annual effective income tax rate. The Company recognizes accrued interest and penalties related to unrecognized tax benefits in the provision for income taxes in its Condensed Unaudited Consolidated Statement of Operations. The Company regularly assesses the likelihood of an adverse outcome resulting from examinations to determine the adequacy of its tax reserves. As of July 31, 2020, the Company believes that it is more likely than not that the tax positions it has taken will be sustained upon the resolution of its audits resulting in no material impact on its consolidated financial position and the results of operations and cash flows. However, the final determination with respect to any tax audits, and any related litigation, could be materially different from the Company’s estimates and/or from its historical income tax provisions and income tax liabilities and could have a material effect on operating results and/or cash flows in the periods for which that determination is made. In addition, future period earnings may be adversely impacted by litigation costs, settlements, penalties, and/or interest assessments related to income tax examinations.

Income Taxes

9 Months Ended

Jul. 31, 2020

Note 13. Income Taxes

For interim financial reporting, the Company estimates its annual effective tax rate based on the projected income for its entire fiscal year and records a provision (benefit) for income taxes on a quarterly basis based on the estimated annual effective income tax rate, adjusted for any discrete tax items.

On March 27, 2020, the U.S. enacted the Coronavirus Aid, Relief and Economic Security Act (“CARES Act”). The Cares Act is an emergency economic stimulus package that includes spending and tax benefits to strengthen the U.S. economy and fund a nationwide effort to curtail the effect of COVID-19. While the CARES Act provides sweeping tax changes in response to the COVID-19 pandemic, some of the more significant provisions include removal of certain limitations on utilization of net operating losses, allowing for net operating loss carrybacks for certain past and future losses, increasing the ability to deduct interest expense, as well as amending certain provisions of the previously enacted Tax Cuts and Jobs Act. The Company continued to evaluate the impact of the CARES Act during the quarter and recorded a cumulative tax benefit of $3.5 million for the carryback of the fiscal year 2018 federal net operating loss. As the Company is carrying the losses back to years beginning before January 1, 2018, the tax benefit of $3.5 million is a result of the rate differential between the previous 35% federal tax rate and current statutory rate of 21%.

The Company recorded income tax benefit of $0.5 million for the three months ended July 31, 2020, or 11.6% of pre-tax loss, compared to $1.9 million of expense, or 25.7% of pre-tax income, for the three months ended July 31, 2019. Results for the three months ended July 31, 2020 were unfavorably impacted by $0.8 million of net discrete tax expense primarily related to stock-based compensation tax deductions. Results for the three months ended July 31, 2019 were unfavorably impacted by $0.1 million of net discrete tax expenses primarily related to a federal provision-to-return adjustment.

The Company recorded income tax benefit of $13.2 million for the nine months ended July 31, 2020, or 39.4% of pre-tax loss, compared to less than $0.1 million of expense, or (0.2)% of pre-tax loss, for the nine months ended July 31, 2019. Results for the nine months ended July 31, 2020 were favorably impacted by $4.6 million of net discrete tax benefits primarily related to net operating loss carrybacks allowable under the CARES Act and the nontaxable gain on the acquisition of Spartan ER which were offset by the net discrete tax expense related to stock-based compensation tax deductions. Results for the nine months ended July 31, 2019 were unfavorably impacted by $0.8 million of net discrete expenses primarily related to stock-based compensation tax deductions.

The Company periodically evaluates its valuation allowance requirements as facts and circumstances change and may adjust its deferred tax asset valuation allowances accordingly. It is reasonably possible that the Company will either add to or reverse a portion

of its existing deferred tax asset valuation allowances in the future. Such changes in the deferred tax asset valuation allowances will be reflected in the current operations through the Company’s effective income tax rate. During the three and nine months ended July 31, 2020, there were no changes to the Company’s valuation allowances.

The Company’s liability for unrecognized tax benefits, including interest and penalties, was $2.8 million as of July 31, 2020 and $2.6 million as of October 31, 2019. The unrecognized tax benefits are presented in other long-term liabilities in the Company’s Condensed Unaudited Consolidated Balance Sheets for the period ended July 31, 2020. During the next twelve months, it is reasonably possible that $0.4 million of the unrecognized tax benefits, if recognized, would affect the annual effective income tax rate. The Company recognizes accrued interest and penalties related to unrecognized tax benefits in the provision for income taxes in its Condensed Unaudited Consolidated Statement of Operations.

The Company regularly assesses the likelihood of an adverse outcome resulting from examinations to determine the adequacy of its tax reserves. As of July 31, 2020, the Company believes that it is more likely than not that the tax positions it has taken will be sustained upon the resolution of its audits resulting in no material impact on its consolidated financial position and the results of operations and cash flows. However, the final determination with respect to any tax audits, and any related litigation, could be materially different from the Company’s estimates and/or from its historical income tax provisions and income tax liabilities and could have a material effect on operating results and/or cash flows in the periods for which that determination is made. In addition, future period earnings may be adversely impacted by litigation costs, settlements, penalties, and/or interest assessments related to income tax examinations.

- Definition

The entire disclosure for income taxes. Disclosures may include net deferred tax liability or asset recognized in an enterprise's statement of financial position, net change during the year in the total valuation allowance, approximate tax effect of each type of temporary difference and carryforward that gives rise to a significant portion of deferred tax liabilities and deferred tax assets, utilization of a tax carryback, and tax uncertainties information.

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