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Summary of Significant Accounting Policies

6 Months Ended

Jun. 30, 2021

Summary of Significant Accounting Policies

Note 2 - Summary of Significant Accounting Policies

Use of Estimates

The preparation of financial statements in conformity with U.S. GAAP requires management to make estimates and assumptions that affect the reported amounts and classification of assets and liabilities, disclosure of contingent assets and liabilities at the date of the financial statements and reported amounts of revenues and expenses during the reporting period. The significant estimates in the Company’s financial statements include the valuation of preferred stock, if issued, common stock and related warrants, and other stock-based awards. Actual results could differ from such estimates.

Reclassifications

Certain prior year amounts have been reclassified to conform to the current period presentation. These reclassifications had no material impact on net earnings, financial position or cash flows.

Cash and Cash Equivalents

The Company considers money market fund investments to be cash equivalents. The Company had cash equivalents in the form of money market fund investment of $8,302 and $1,500 at June 30, 2021 and December 31, 2020, respectively, included in cash as reported.

Accounts Receivable-Trade

Accounts receivable-trade consist primarily of receivables from customers. The Company provides an allowance for doubtful trade receivables equal to the estimated uncollectible amounts. That estimate is based on historical collection experience, current economic and market conditions and a review of the current status of each customer’s trade accounts receivable. The allowance for doubtful trade receivables was $0 at June 30, 2021 and December 31, 2020.

Inventories

Inventories are stated at the lower of cost or market value, using the first-in, first-out convention. Inventories consist of raw materials, work in progress and finished goods. Raw materials are stocked to reduce the risk of impact on manufacturing for potential supply interruptions due to the COVID-19 pandemic or long lead times on certain ingredients.

Components of inventory are:

	June 30,			December 31,
	2021			2020
Raw materials	$	936		$	950
Work in progress		1			24
Finished goods		155			94
Total inventory		1,092			1,068
Less:
Reserve for obsolete		(123	)		(123	)
Total net inventory	$	969		$	945

Prepaid Expenses

Prepaid expenses consist primarily of payments made for director and officer insurance, director compensation, rent, legal and inventory purchase deposits and seminar fees to be expensed in the current year.

Property and Equipment

Property and equipment are stated at cost less accumulated depreciation. Equipment held under finance leases are stated at the present value of minimum lease payments less accumulated amortization.

Depreciation on property and equipment is computed using the straight-line method over the estimated useful lives of the respective assets. The cost of leasehold improvements is amortized over the life of the improvement or the term of the lease, whichever is shorter. Equipment held under finance leases is amortized over the shorter of the lease term or estimated useful life of the asset. The Company incurs repair and maintenance costs on its major equipment, which are expensed as incurred.

Impairment of Long-Lived Assets

Long-lived assets, such as property and equipment, are reviewed for impairment whenever events or changes in circumstances indicate that the carrying amount of an asset may not be recoverable. If circumstances require long-lived assets or asset groups to be tested for possible impairment, the Company compares the undiscounted cash flows expected to be generated from the use of the asset or asset group to its carrying amount. If the carrying amount of the long-lived asset or asset group is not recoverable on an undiscounted cash flow basis, an impairment charge is recognized to the extent that the carrying amount exceeds its fair value. Fair value is determined through various valuation techniques, such as discounted cash flow models and the use of third-party independent appraisals. The Company has not recorded an impairment of long-lived assets since its inception.

Revenue Recognition

Effective January 1, 2018, the Company adopted Accounting Standards Codification 606 — Revenue from Contracts with Customers (“ASC 606”). Under ASC 606, the Company recognizes revenue from the commercial sales of products, licensing agreements and contracts to perform pilot studies by applying the following steps: (1) identify the contract with a customer; (2) identify the performance obligations in the contract; (3) determine the transaction price; (4) allocate the transaction price to each performance obligation in the contract; and (5) recognize revenue when each performance obligation is satisfied.

The Company recognizes revenue when product is shipped at a fixed selling price on payment terms of 30 to 120 days from invoicing. The Company recognizes other revenue earned from pilot studies, consulting and implementation services upon the performance of specific services under the respective service contract.

The Company derives revenue primarily from commercial sales of products, net of discounts and promotions, as well as consulting and implementation services provided in conjunction with our product deployments.

Research and Development

Research, and development costs are expensed as incurred. Research and development expenses primarily consist of salaries and benefits for research and development employees, stock-based compensation, consulting fees, lab supplies, costs incurred related to conducting scientific trials and field studies, regulatory compliance costs, as well as manufacturing costs associated with process improvement and other research. Research and development expenses include an allocation of facilities related costs, including depreciation of equipment.

Stock-based Compensation

Stock based awards, consisting of stock options and restricted stock units expected to be settled in shares of the Company’s common stock, are recorded as equity awards. The grant date fair value of these awards is measured using the Black-Scholes option pricing model for stock options and grant date market value for restricted stock units. The Company expenses the grant date fair value of its stock options on a straight-line basis over their respective vesting periods.

The stock-based compensation expense recorded for the three and six months ended June 30, 2021 and 2020, is as follows:

	Three Months Ended June 30,				Six Months Ended June 30,
	2021		2020		2021		2020

Research and development	$	-	$	2	$	2	$	5
Selling, general and administrative		182		138		335		286
Total stock-based compensation expense	$	182	$	140	$	337	$	291

See Note 11 for additional discussion on stock-based compensation.

Income Taxes

The Company accounts for income taxes under the asset and liability method, which requires the recognition of deferred tax assets and liabilities for the expected future tax consequences of events that have been included in the financial statements. Under this method, deferred tax assets and liabilities are determined based on the differences between the financial statements and tax bases of assets and liabilities and net operating loss carryforwards using enacted tax rates in effect for the year in which the differences are expected to reverse. The effect of a change in tax rates on deferred tax assets and liabilities is recognized in the period that includes the enactment date.

The Company records net deferred tax assets to the extent it believes these assets will more likely than not be realized. These deferred tax assets are subject to periodic assessments as to recoverability and if it is determined that it is more likely than not that the benefits will not be realized, valuation allowances are recorded which would increase the provision for income taxes. In making such determination, the Company considers all available positive and negative evidence, including future reversals of existing taxable temporary differences, projected future taxable income, tax planning strategies and recent financial operations. The Company currently maintains a full valuation allowance against its deferred tax assets.

The Company applies a more-likely-than-not recognition threshold for all tax uncertainties. Only those benefits that have a greater than fifty percent likelihood of being sustained upon examination by the taxing authorities are recognized. Based on its evaluation, the Company has concluded there are no significant uncertain tax positions requiring recognition in its financial statements.

The Company recognizes interest and/or penalties related to uncertain tax positions in income tax expense. There are no uncertain tax positions as of June 30, 2021 or December 31, 2020 and as such, no interest or penalties were recorded in income tax expense.

Comprehensive Loss

Net loss and comprehensive loss were the same for all periods presented; therefore, a separate statement of comprehensive loss is not included in the accompanying financial statements.

Loss Per Share Attributable to Common Stockholders

Basic loss per share attributable to common stockholders is calculated by dividing the net loss attributable to common stockholders by the weighted average number of common shares outstanding during the period. Diluted loss per share attributable to common stockholders is computed by dividing the loss attributable to common stockholders by the weighted average number of common shares and potentially dilutive securities outstanding for the period determined using the treasury stock and if-converted methods. For purposes of the computation of diluted loss per share attributable to common stockholders, common stock purchase warrants, and common stock options are considered to be potentially dilutive securities but have been excluded from the calculation of diluted loss per share attributable to common stockholders because their effect would be anti-dilutive given the net loss reported for the three and six months ended June 30, 2021 and 2020. Therefore, basic and diluted loss per share attributable to common stockholders are the same for each period presented.

The following table sets forth the outstanding potentially dilutive securities that have been excluded in the calculation of diluted loss per share attributable to common stockholders (in common stock equivalent shares):

	June 30,
	2021		2020
Common stock purchase warrants		4,553,234		2,504,597
Restricted stock units		667		1,334
Common stock options		1,069,661		155,489
Total		5,623,562		2,661,420

Adoption of New Accounting Standard:

The Company has considered all recently issued accounting pronouncements and has concluded that there are no recently issued accounting pronouncements that we believe may have a material impact on our unaudited condensed interim financial statements.