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Summary of Significant Accounting Policies (Policies)
12 Months Ended
Mar. 31, 2021
Accounting Policies [Abstract]  
Basis of Presentation
Basis of Presentation
The Company’s fiscal year ends on March 31, and its first three fiscal quarters end on June 30, September 30 and December 31. The Company has determined that it has one operating and reporting segment as it allocates resources and assesses financial performance on a consolidated basis.
The accompanying consolidated financial statements have been prepared in accordance with United States generally accepted accounting principles (“U.S. GAAP”). Any reference in these notes to applicable accounting guidance is meant to refer to the authoritative U.S. GAAP included in the Accounting Standards Codification (“ASC”), and Accounting Standards Update (“ASU”) issued by the Financial Accounting Standards Board (“FASB”). The consolidated financial statements include the accounts of the Company and its wholly-owned subsidiaries. The Company has no unconsolidated subsidiaries. All intercompany balances and transactions have been eliminated in consolidation.
Liquidity and Capital Resources
Liquidity and Capital Resources
As of March 31, 2021, the Company had approximately $684.9 million in cash, cash equivalents, and marketable securities. The Company currently believes that its existing cash, cash equivalents, and marketable securities will be sufficient to fund its anticipated operating expenses and capital expenditure requirements for at least the next 12 months from the date of issuance of this Annual Report on Form 10-K.
In future periods, if the Company’s cash, cash equivalents, marketable securities, and amounts that it expects to generate from product sales and/or third-party collaboration payments are not sufficient to enable the Company to fund its operations, the Company may need to raise additional funds in the form of equity, debt, or from other sources. There can be no assurances that such funding sources will be available at terms acceptable to the Company, or at all. If the Company has insufficient funding to meet its working capital needs, it could be required to delay, limit, reduce, or terminate its drug development programs, commercialization efforts, and/or limit or cease operations.
As of March 31, 2021, the Company had approximately $41.3 million of borrowing capacity available to it under the Sumitomo Dainippon Pharma Loan Agreement (see Note 6(A)) and is also eligible to receive up to $3.7 billion and $137.5 million of additional milestone payments from Pfizer and Richter pursuant to the Pfizer Collaboration and License Agreement (see Note 13(B)) and the Richter Development and Commercialization Agreement (see Note 13(A)), respectively, as well as potential royalty payments on net sales under each agreement.
Use of Estimates
Use of Estimates
The preparation of consolidated financial statements in conformity with U.S. GAAP requires management to make estimates and assumptions in certain circumstances that affect the amounts reported in the consolidated financial statements and accompanying notes. The Company regularly evaluates estimates and assumptions related to assets and liabilities, and disclosures of contingencies at the dates of the consolidated financial statements and the reported amounts of revenues and expenses during the reporting periods. Determinations in which management uses subjective judgments include, but are not limited to, collaboration arrangements, revenue recognition, share-based compensation expenses, research and development (“R&D”) expenses and accruals, leases, and income taxes. In addition, management’s assessment of the Company’s ability to continue as a going concern involves the estimation of the amount and timing of future cash inflows and outflows. The Company bases its estimates and assumptions on historical experience and on various other factors that it believes to be reasonable under the circumstances, the results of which form the basis for making judgments about the carrying values of assets and liabilities at the date of the consolidated financial statements and the reported amounts of revenues and expenses during the reporting period, that are not readily apparent from other sources. Estimates and assumptions are periodically reviewed in light of changes in circumstances, facts, or experience. Changes in estimates and assumptions are reflected in reported results in the period in which they become known. Actual results could differ from those estimates.
Reclassification
Reclassifications
Certain reclassifications have been made to the prior years’ consolidated statements of cash flows to place them on a comparable basis with the current year regarding the presentation of foreign currency transaction gains and losses and summarizing financing activities pertaining to sales of the Company’s common shares. Net loss and shareholders’ equity (deficit) previously reported were not affected by these reclassifications.
Concentrations of Credit Risk
Concentrations of Credit Risk
Financial instruments that potentially subject the Company to concentrations of credit risk include cash, cash equivalents, and marketable securities. As of March 31, 2021, cash, cash equivalents, and marketable security balances are diversified between four financial institutions. The Company is exposed to credit risk in the event of default by the financial institutions holding its cash and the issuers of its cash equivalents and marketable securities. The Company maintains its cash deposits and cash equivalents in highly-rated, federally-insured financial institutions in excess of federally insured limits. The Company has established guidelines relative to diversification and maturities of investments to maintain safety and liquidity. The Company has not experienced any credit losses related to these financial instruments and does not believe that it is exposed to any significant credit risk related to these instruments.
The Company is also subject to credit risk from accounts receivable related to its product sales. The Company monitors its exposure within accounts receivable and records a reserve against uncollectible accounts receivable as necessary. The Company has entered into distribution agreements with a limited number of specialty distributors and pharmacies, and all of the Company’s product sales are to these customers. Customer creditworthiness is monitored and collateral is not required.
Cash, Cash Equivalents and Restricted Cash
Cash, Cash Equivalents, and Restricted Cash
Cash and cash equivalents include cash deposits in banks and all highly liquid investments that are readily convertible to cash. The Company considers all highly liquid investments with a maturity of three months or less at the time of purchase to be cash equivalents. Interest income consists of interest earned and the accretion of discounts to maturity for cash equivalents and marketable securities. Restricted cash consists of funds held or designated to satisfy the requirements of certain agreements that are restricted in their use and are included in other assets on the consolidated balance sheets.
Accounts Receivable, Net
Accounts Receivable, Net
The Company’s accounts receivable consists of amounts due from customers related to product sales and have standard payment terms. For certain customers, the accounts receivable for the customer is net of prompt pay discounts. The Company monitors the financial performance and creditworthiness of its customers so that it can properly assess and respond to changes in their credit profile. The Company reserves against accounts receivable for estimated losses that may arise from a customer’s inability to pay and any amounts determined to be uncollectible are written off against the reserve when it is probable that the receivable will not be collected. The Company began commercializing ORGOVYX in the U.S. in January 2021 and had no accounts receivable prior to January 2021. The Company has historically not experienced significant credit losses and no amounts were reserved for estimated losses as of March 31, 2021.
Marketable Debt Securities
Marketable Debt Securities
Investments in marketable debt securities are held in custodial accounts at a financial institution and managed by the Company’s investment advisor based on the Company’s investment guidelines. The Company considers all highly liquid investments in securities with a maturity of greater than three months at the time of purchase to be marketable securities.
The Company classifies its marketable debt securities as available-for-sale at the time of purchase and reevaluates such designation at each balance sheet date. Unrealized gains and losses on available-for-sale securities are excluded from earnings and are recorded in accumulated other comprehensive (loss) income until realized. Any unrealized losses are evaluated for other-than-temporary impairment at each balance sheet date. Realized gains and losses are determined based on the specific identification method.
The Company does not intend to sell its marketable debt securities that are in an unrealized loss position, and it is unlikely that the Company will be required to sell its marketable debt securities before recovery of their amortized cost basis, which may be maturity. Factors considered in determining whether a loss is temporary include the length of time and extent to which the fair value has been less than the amortized cost basis and whether the Company intends to sell the security or whether it is more likely than not that the Company would be required to sell the marketable debt security before recovery of the amortized cost basis. See Note 3 for additional information.
Fair Value Measurements
Fair Value Measurements
The Company utilizes fair value measurement guidance prescribed by accounting standards to value its financial instruments. The guidance establishes a fair value hierarchy for financial instruments measured at fair value that distinguishes between assumptions based on market data (observable inputs) and the Company’s own assumptions (unobservable inputs). Observable inputs are inputs that market participants would use in pricing the asset or liability based on market data obtained from sources independent of the Company. Unobservable inputs are inputs that reflect the Company’s assumptions about the inputs that market participants would use in pricing the asset or liability and are developed based on the best information available in the circumstances.
Fair value is defined as the exchange price, or exit price, representing the amount that would be received to sell an asset or paid to transfer a liability in an orderly transaction between market participants at the reporting date. As a basis for considering market participant assumptions in fair value measurements, the guidance establishes a three-tier fair value hierarchy that distinguishes among the following:
Level 1—Valuations are based on unadjusted quoted prices in active markets for identical assets or liabilities that the Company has the ability to access.
Level 2—Valuations are based on quoted prices for similar assets or liabilities in active markets, quoted prices for identical or similar assets or liabilities in markets that are not active and models for which all significant inputs are observable, either directly or indirectly.
Level 3—Valuations are based on inputs that are unobservable (supported by little or no market activity) and significant to the overall fair value measurement.
To the extent the valuation is based on models or inputs that are less observable or unobservable in the market, the determination of fair value requires more judgment. Accordingly, the degree of judgment exercised by the Company in determining fair value is greatest for instruments categorized in Level 3. A financial instrument’s level within the fair value hierarchy is based on the lowest level of any input that is significant to the fair value measurement.
The recorded amounts of certain financial instruments, including cash, cash equivalents, accounts receivable, accounts payable, accrued liabilities, amounts due to collaboration partner, and amounts due to related parties, approximate fair value due to their relatively short maturities. Marketable debt securities that are classified as available-for-sale are recorded at estimated fair value and are include in Level 2 of the fair value hierarchy. The fair value of marketable debt securities is based on market prices from a variety of industry standard data providers and generally represents quoted prices for similar assets in active markets or have been derived from observable market data. Cost share advance from collaboration partner is recorded at its estimated fair value and is included in Level 2 of the fair value hierarchy. The carrying value of the Company’s debt obligations to Sumitomo Dainippon Pharma approximates fair value based on current interest rates for similar types of borrowings and is included in Level 2 of the fair value hierarchy. Share-based compensation liabilities related to stock options are remeasured at fair value on a recurring basis using the Black-Scholes option pricing model and are included in Level 2 of the fair value hierarchy. Share-based compensation liabilities related to common shares are remeasured at fair value on a recurring basis and are included in Level 1 of the fair value hierarchy.
Inventory
Inventory
The Company values its inventories at the lower-of-cost or net realizable value and determines the cost of inventories using the average-cost method. Inventories include the cost for raw materials, the cost to manufacture the raw materials into finished goods, and overhead. The Company performs an assessment of the recoverability of inventory during each reporting period, and writes down any excess and obsolete inventories to their net realizable value in the period in which the impairment is first identified. If they occur, such impairment charges are recorded as a component of cost of goods sold in the consolidated statements of operations.
The Company capitalizes inventory costs associated with products following regulatory approval when future commercialization is considered probable and the future economic benefit is expected to be realized. As such, the manufacturing costs for product candidates incurred prior to regulatory approval are not capitalized, but rather expensed as R&D expenses when incurred.
Property and Equipment, net
Property and Equipment, net
Property and equipment, net consisting of computers, equipment, furniture and fixtures, leasehold improvements, and software, is recorded at cost, less accumulated depreciation. Maintenance and repairs that do not improve or extend the lives of the respective assets are expensed to operations as incurred. Upon disposal, retirement or sale, the related cost and accumulated depreciation are removed from the accounts and any resulting gain or loss is included in the results of operations. Depreciation is recorded for property and equipment using the straight-line method over the estimated useful lives of the assets, which range from three to seven years once the asset is installed and placed into service. Leasehold improvements are amortized using the straight-line method over their estimated useful life or the remaining lease term, whichever is shorter.
The Company reviews the recoverability of its long-lived assets, including the related useful lives, whenever events or changes in circumstances indicate that the carrying amount of a long-lived asset might not be recoverable, based on undiscounted cash flows. If such assets are considered to be impaired, an impairment loss is recognized and is measured as the amount by which
the carrying amount of the assets exceed their estimated fair value, which is measured based on the projected discounted future net cash flows arising from the assets.
Leases
Leases
The Company determines if an arrangement includes a lease at the inception of the agreement. For each of the Company’s lease arrangements, the Company records a right-of-use asset representing the Company’s right to use an underlying asset for the lease term and a lease liability representing the Company’s obligation to make lease payments. Operating lease right-of-use assets and liabilities are recognized at the lease commencement date based on the net present value of the lease payments over the lease term. In determining the weighted-average discount rate used to calculate the net present value of lease payments, the Company uses its incremental borrowing rate based on information available at the lease commencement date. Lease expense for the Company’s operating leases is recognized on a straight-line basis over the lease term.
The Company elected the practical expedient not to apply the recognition and measurement requirements to short-term leases, which is any lease with a term of one year or less as of the commencement date. If a lease includes options to extend the lease term, the Company does not assume the option will be exercised in its initial lease term assessment unless there is reasonable certainty that the Company will renew based on an assessment of economic factors present as of the lease commencement date.
Contingencies
Contingencies
The Company may be, from time to time, a party to various disputes and claims arising from normal business activities. The Company continually assesses litigation to determine if an unfavorable outcome would lead to a probable loss or reasonably possible loss which could be estimated. In accordance with the guidance of the FASB on accounting for contingencies, the Company accrues for all contingencies at the earliest date at which the Company deems it probable that a liability has been incurred and the amount of such liability can be reasonably estimated. If the estimate of a probable loss is a range and no amount within the range is more likely than another, the Company accrues the minimum amount in the range. In the cases where the Company believes that a material reasonably possible loss exists, the Company discloses the facts and circumstances of the contingency, including an estimable range, if possible.
Collaborative Arrangements
Collaborative Arrangements
The Company may enter into collaboration arrangements with pharmaceutical and biotechnology partners. The Company analyzes its collaboration arrangements to assess whether they are within the scope of ASC 808, Collaborative Arrangements, to determine whether such arrangements involve joint operating activities performed by the parties that are both active participants in the activities and exposed to significant risks and rewards dependent on the commercial success of such activities. This assessment is performed throughout the life of the arrangement based on changes in responsibilities of all parties in the arrangement. For collaboration arrangements within the scope of ASC 808 that contain multiple units of account, the Company first determines which units of account of the collaboration are deemed to be within the scope of ASC 808 and those that are reflective of a vendor-customer relationship and, therefore, within the scope of ASC 606, Revenue from Contracts with Customers.
While ASC 808 defines collaboration arrangements and provides guidance on income statement presentation, classification, and disclosures related to such arrangements, it does not address recognition and measurement matters, such as (1) determining the appropriate unit of account or (2) when the recognition criteria are met. Therefore, the accounting for these arrangements is either based on an analogy to other accounting literature, such as ASC 606, or an accounting policy election by management. For units of account within collaboration arrangements that are accounted for pursuant to ASC 808, an appropriate revenue recognition method is determined and applied consistently.
Revenue Recognition
Revenue Recognition
For units of account under ASC 606, the Company recognizes revenue when its customer obtains control of promised goods or services, in an amount that reflects the consideration which the Company expects to receive in exchange for those goods or services. To determine revenue recognition for arrangements that the Company determines are within the scope of ASC 606, the Company performs the following five steps: (i) identify the contract(s) with a customer; (ii) identify the performance obligations in the contract; (iii) determine the transaction price; (iv) allocate the transaction price to the performance obligations in the contract; and (v) recognize revenue when or as the Company satisfies a performance obligation.
License, Milestone and Other Revenue
For units of account under ASC 606, the Company applies significant judgment when evaluating whether contractual obligations represent distinct performance obligations, allocating transaction price to performance obligations within a contract, determining when performance obligations have been met, assessing the recognition and future reversal of variable
consideration, and determining and applying appropriate methods of measuring progress for performance obligations satisfied over time. These judgments are discussed in more detail below.
Licenses of intellectual property: If the licenses to intellectual property are determined to be distinct from the other performance obligations identified in the arrangement, the Company recognizes revenues from non-refundable, upfront fees allocated to the license when the license is transferred to the licensee and the licensee is able to use and benefit from the license. For licenses that are not distinct from other promises, the Company applies judgment to assess the nature of the combined performance obligation to determine whether the combined performance obligation is satisfied over time or at a point in time and, if over time, the appropriate method of measuring progress for purposes of recognizing revenue from non-refundable, upfront fees. The Company evaluates the measure of progress each reporting period and, if necessary, adjusts the related revenue recognition accordingly.
Milestone payments: At the inception of each arrangement that includes research, development or regulatory milestone payments, the Company evaluates whether the milestones are considered probable of being reached and estimates the amount to be included in the transaction price using the most likely amount method. If it is probable that a significant revenue reversal would not occur, the associated milestone value is included in the transaction price. Milestone payments that are not within the Company’s control or the licensee, such as regulatory approvals, are not considered probable of being achieved until those approvals are received. The transaction price is then allocated to each performance obligation on a relative standalone selling price basis, for which the Company recognizes revenue as or when the performance obligations under the contract are satisfied. At the end of each subsequent reporting period, the Company re-evaluates the probability of achievement of such development milestones and any related constraint, and if necessary, adjusts its estimate of the overall transaction price on a cumulative catch-up basis in earnings in the period of the adjustment.
Royalties and sales-based milestone payments: For arrangements that include sales-based royalties, including sales-based milestone payments based on pre-specified level of sales, the Company recognizes revenue at the later of (i) when the related sales occur, or (ii) when the performance obligation to which some or all of the royalty has been allocated has been satisfied (or partially satisfied).
Product Revenue, net
Revenues from product sales are recorded at the net sales price, or “transaction price,” which includes estimates of variable consideration that result from (a) invoice discounts for prompt payment and specialty distributor and specialty pharmacy service fees, (b) government and private payer rebates, chargebacks, discounts and fees, (c) group purchasing organization (“GPO”) discounts, performance rebates and administrative fees, (d) product returns and (e) costs of co-pay assistance programs for patients. Reserves are established for the estimates of variable consideration based on the amounts the Company expects to be earned or to be claimed on the related sales. The reserves are classified as reductions to accounts receivable, net or accrued expenses and other current liabilities if payable to a third-party. Where appropriate, the Company utilizes the expected value method to determine the appropriate amount for estimates of variable consideration based on factors such as the Company’s historical experience, current contractual and statutory requirements, specific known market events and trends, industry data and forecasted customer buying and payment patterns. The amount of variable consideration that is included in the transaction price may be constrained and is included in net product revenues only to the extent that it is probable that a significant reversal in the amount of the cumulative revenue recognized will not occur in a future period. Actual amounts of consideration ultimately received may differ from the Company’s estimates. If actual results vary from the Company’s estimates, the Company adjusts these estimates, which would affect net product revenue and earnings in the period such variances become known.
The Company makes significant estimates and judgments that materially affect its recognition of product revenue, net. Claims by third-party payers for rebates, chargebacks and discounts frequently may be submitted to the Company significantly after the related sales, potentially resulting in adjustments in the period in which the new information becomes known. The Company will adjust its estimates based on new information, including information regarding actual rebates, chargebacks and discounts for its products, as it becomes available.
Cost of Goods and Services Sold
Cost of Product Revenue
Cost of product revenue is composed of the cost of goods sold and royalty expense. Cost of goods sold consists of the cost of raw materials, third-party manufacturing costs to manufacture the raw materials into finished product, freight, and indirect overhead costs associated with sales of ORGOVYX in the U.S. Royalty expense consists of a fixed, high single-digit royalty on net sales of ORGOVYX payable to Takeda pursuant to the terms of the Takeda License Agreement (see Note 14(D)).
In connection with the FDA approval of ORGOVYX on December 18, 2020, the Company subsequently began capitalizing inventory manufactured or purchased after this date. As a result, certain manufacturing costs of ORGOVYX were expensed as R&D expenses prior to FDA approval and, therefore, these costs are not included in cost of goods sold.
Collaboration Expense to Pfizer
Collaboration expense to Pfizer consists of Pfizer’s 50% share of net profits from sales of ORGOVYX in the U.S. (see Note 13(B)).
Research and Development Expenses
Research and Development Expenses
R&D costs are expensed as incurred. Clinical study costs are accrued over the service periods specified in the contracts and adjusted as necessary based on an ongoing review of the level of effort and costs actually incurred. R&D expenses consist of employee-related expenses, such as salaries, share-based compensation, benefits and travel expenses for employees engaged in R&D activities, expenses from third parties who conduct R&D activities on behalf of the Company, investigator grants, sponsored research, and fees incurred for regulatory submissions. The Company expenses in-process R&D projects acquired as asset acquisitions which have not reached technological feasibility and which have no alternative future use.
The Company considers regulatory approval of product candidates to be uncertain and products manufactured prior to regulatory approval may not be sold unless regulatory approval is obtained. As such, the manufacturing costs for product candidates incurred prior to regulatory approval are not capitalized as inventory, but rather expensed as R&D expenses when incurred.
Advertising Expense dvertising ExpenseIn connection with the FDA approval and commercial launch of ORGOVYX in January 2021, the Company began to incur advertising costs. Advertising costs, which include promotional expenses, are expensed as incurred.
Share-Based Compensation
Share-Based Compensation
Share-based awards are valued at fair value on the date of grant and that fair value is recognized over the requisite service period, which is generally the vesting period of the respective award. The Company recognizes forfeitures in the period in which such forfeiture occurs and records share-based compensation expense as though all awards are expected to vest.
The Company estimates the grant date fair value of stock options, and the resulting share-based compensation expense, using the Black-Scholes option-pricing model, which requires the use of subjective assumptions. These assumptions include:
Expected Term. The expected term represents the period that the Company’s share-based awards are expected to be outstanding and is determined using the simplified method in accordance with the Securities and Exchange Commission (“SEC”), Staff Accounting Bulletin (“SAB”) No. 107 and No. 110 (based on the mid-point between the vesting date and the end of the contractual term).
Expected Volatility. The expected volatility considers the Company’s historical volatility and weighted average measures of volatility of a peer group of companies for a period equal to the expected term of the stock options. The Company’s peer group of publicly traded biopharmaceutical companies was chosen based on their similar size, stage in the life cycle or area of specialty.
Risk-Free Interest Rate. The risk-free interest rate is based on the interest rates paid on securities issued by the U.S. Treasury with a term approximating the expected term of the stock options.
Expected Dividend. The Company has never paid, and does not anticipate paying, cash dividends on its common shares. Therefore, the expected dividend yield was assumed to be zero.
Share-based compensation expense associated with restricted stock units (“RSU”) and performance share units (“PSU”) is based on the fair value of the Company’s common shares on the grant date, which equals the closing market price of the Company’s common shares on the grant date. The Company recognizes the share-based compensation expense related to RSUs on a straight-line basis over the requisite service period, which is generally the vesting period of the respective awards. The Company recognizes the share-based compensation expense related to PSUs if the performance criteria are deemed probable of being met. Share-based compensation liabilities (a current liability) are remeasured at fair value each reporting period until the
common share awards are settled or become mature, with the change in fair value recorded as share-based compensation expense.
No tax benefits for share-based compensation have been recognized in the consolidated statements of shareholders’ equity (deficit) or consolidated statements of cash flows. The Company has not recognized, and does not expect to recognize in the near future, any tax benefits related to share-based compensation as a result of its full valuation allowance on net deferred tax assets and net operating loss carryforwards.
Income Taxes
Income Taxes
The Company accounts for income taxes under the asset and liability method, which requires the recognition of deferred tax assets and liabilities for the expected future tax consequences of events that have been included in the consolidated financial statements. Under this method, deferred tax assets and liabilities are recognized for the future tax consequences attributable to differences between the financial statement carrying amounts of existing assets and liabilities and the respective tax bases. Deferred tax assets and liabilities are measured using enacted tax rates expected to apply to taxable income in the years in which those temporary differences are expected to be recovered or settled. The effect on deferred tax assets and liabilities of a change in tax rates is recognized in income in the period that includes the enactment date.
The Company recognizes deferred tax assets to the extent that it believes these assets are more likely than not to be realized. In making such a determination, the Company considers all available positive and negative evidence, including future reversals of existing taxable temporary differences, projected future taxable income, tax-planning strategies, and results of recent operations. If the Company determines that it would be able to realize its deferred tax assets in the future in excess of its net recorded amount, the Company would make an adjustment to the deferred tax asset valuation allowance, which would reduce the provision for income taxes.
When uncertain tax positions exist, the Company recognizes the tax benefit of tax positions to the extent that the benefit will more likely than not be realized. The determination as to whether the tax benefit will more likely than not be realized is based upon the technical merits of the tax position as well as consideration of the available facts and circumstances. Interest and/or penalties related to income tax matters are recognized as a component of income tax expense as incurred.
Net Loss Per Common Share
Net Loss per Common Share
Basic net loss per common share is computed by dividing net loss applicable to common shareholders by the weighted-average number of common shares outstanding during the period, reduced, when applicable, for outstanding yet unvested shares of restricted common shares. The computation of diluted net loss per common share is based on the weighted-average number of common shares outstanding during the period plus, when their effect is dilutive, incremental shares consisting of shares subject to stock options, restricted stock units, restricted stock awards, performance stock units, and warrants. In periods in which the Company reports a net loss, all common share equivalents are deemed anti-dilutive such that basic net loss per common share and diluted net loss per common share are equal. Potentially dilutive common shares have been excluded from the diluted net loss per common share computations in all periods presented because such securities have an anti-dilutive effect on net loss per common share due to the Company’s net loss. There are no reconciling items used to calculate the weighted-average number of total common shares outstanding for basic and diluted net loss per common share.
Change in Functional Currency
Change in Functional Currency
Prior to December 1, 2020, the functional currency of the Company’s wholly-owned subsidiary in Switzerland, Myovant Sciences GmbH (“MSG”), was the local currency where the subsidiary is located, the Swiss franc. Transactions in foreign currencies were translated to the functional currency at the rate of exchange at the date of the transaction. Transaction gains and
losses were recognized in foreign exchange (gain) loss in the consolidated statements of operations. The results of operations of MSG were translated to U.S. dollar, the Company’s reporting currency, at the average rates of exchange during the period. The cumulative effect of these exchange rate adjustments was included in a separate component of other comprehensive income (loss) on the consolidated balance sheets.
Effective December 1, 2020, as a result of significant changes in economic facts and circumstances in the operations of MSG, the functional currency of MSG was changed from the Swiss franc to the U.S. dollar. The change in the functional currency is accounted for prospectively from December 1, 2020. Therefore, any gains or losses that were previously recorded in accumulated other comprehensive income (loss) remain unchanged.
Pushdown Accounting Pushdown AccountingIn November 2014, the FASB issued ASU 2014-17, Business Combinations (Topic 805): Pushdown Accounting. The ASU provides an acquired entity with an option to apply pushdown accounting in its separate financial statements upon occurrence of an event in which an acquirer obtains control of the acquired entity. An acquired entity may elect the option to apply pushdown accounting in the reporting period in which the change in control event occurs. If pushdown accounting is applied to an individual change in control event, that election is irrevocable. The Company elected not to apply pushdown accounting in its consolidated financial statements upon the change in control of the Company on December 27, 2019.
Recently Adopted and Issued Accounting Pronouncements
Recently Adopted Accounting Standards
In August 2018, the FASB issued ASU 2018-13, Fair Value Measurement (Topic 820): Disclosure Framework – Changes to the Disclosure Requirements for Fair Value Measurement (“ASU 2018-13”), which simplifies the fair value measurement disclosure requirements. The Company adopted the new standard on April 1, 2020. The adoption of ASU 2018-13 did not have a material impact on the Company’s consolidated financial statements and related disclosures.
In November 2018, the FASB issued ASU 2018-18, Collaborative Arrangements (Topic 808): Clarifying the Interaction between Topic 808 and Topic 606 (“ASU 2018-18”). This guidance is intended to reduce diversity in practice and clarify the interaction between Topic 808, Collaborative Arrangements, and Topic 606, Revenue from Contracts with Customers. ASU 2018-18 provided guidance on whether certain transactions between collaborative arrangement participants should be accounted for with revenue under Topic 606. The Company adopted the new standard on April 1, 2020. The adoption of ASU 2018-18 did not have a material impact on the Company’s consolidated financial statements and related disclosures.
In August 2018, the FASB issued ASU 2018-15, Intangibles - Goodwill and Other - Internal-Use Software (Subtopic 350-40) (“ASU 2018-15”), which amends ASU 2015-05, Customers Accounting for Fees in a Cloud Computing Agreement, to help entities evaluate the accounting for fees paid by a customer in a cloud computing arrangement (hosting arrangement) by providing guidance for determining when the arrangement includes a software license. The most significant change will align the requirements for capitalizing implementation costs incurred in a hosting arrangement that is a service contract with the requirements for capitalizing implementation costs incurred to develop or obtain internal-use software and hosting arrangements that include an internal-use software license. Accordingly, the amendments in ASU 2018-15 require an entity in a hosting arrangement that is a service contract to follow the guidance in Subtopic 350-40 to determine which implementation costs to capitalize as assets related to the service contract and which costs to expense. The Company adopted ASU 2018-15 using the prospective method as of April 1, 2020. The adoption of ASU 2018-15 did not have a material impact on the Company’s consolidated financial statements and related disclosures.
Recently Issued Accounting Standards Not Yet Adopted
In March 2020, the FASB issued ASU 2020-04, Reference Rate Reform (Topic 848): Facilitation of the Effects of Reference Rate Reform on Financial Reporting, which provides optional expedients and exceptions for applying generally accepted accounting principles to contracts, hedging relationships, and other transactions affected by reference rate reform if certain criteria are met. These amendments apply only to contracts, hedging relationships, and other transactions that reference the London Interbank Offered Rate (“LIBOR”) or another reference rate expected to be discontinued because of reference rate reform. The amendments are effective prospectively for all entities as of March 12, 2020 through December 31, 2022. As of March 31, 2021, the Company has not modified its contract that will be impacted by reference rate reform. The Company will continue to assess the impact the adoption of this standard will have on its consolidated financial statements and related disclosures when its contract impacted by reference rate reform is modified.
In June 2016, the FASB issued ASU 2016-13, Financial Instruments-Credit Losses (Topic 326): Measurement of Credit Losses on Financial Instruments (“ASU 2016-13”), which requires the measurement and recognition of expected credit losses for financial assets held at amortized cost. ASU 2016-13 replaces the existing incurred loss impairment model with an expected loss model that requires the use of forward-looking information to calculate credit loss estimates. It also eliminates the concept
of other-than-temporary impairment and requires credit losses on available-for-sale debt securities to be recorded through an allowance for credit losses instead of as a reduction in the amortized cost basis of the securities. ASU 2016-13 is effective for annual periods, and interim periods within those annual periods, beginning after December 15, 2019. Early adoption is permitted, including adoption in any interim period. In February 2020, the FASB issued ASU 2020-02, Financial Instruments-Credit Losses (Topic 326) and Leases (Topic 842) - Amendments to SEC Paragraphs Pursuant to SEC Staff Accounting Bulletin No. 119 and Update to SEC Section on Effective Date Related to Accounting Standards Update No. 2016-02, Leases (Topic 842), which amends the effective date of the original pronouncement for smaller reporting companies. ASC 2016-13 and its amendments will be effective for annual and interim periods beginning after December 15, 2022 for smaller reporting companies. The Company is currently assessing the impact the adoption of this new standard will have on its consolidated financial statements and related disclosures.
In December 2019, the FASB issued ASU 2019-12, Simplifying the Accounting for Income Taxes (Topic 740) (“ASU 2019-12”), that eliminates certain exceptions to the general principles in ASC 740 related to intra-period tax allocation, deferred tax liability and general methodology for calculating income taxes. ASU 2019-12 also simplifies U.S. GAAP by making other changes for matters such as, franchise taxes that are partially based on income, transactions with a government that result in a step up in the tax basis of goodwill, separate financial statements of legal entities that are not subject to tax, and enacted changes in tax laws in interim periods. ASU 2019-12 is effective for annual periods, and interim periods within those annual periods, beginning after December 15, 2020. Early adoption is permitted, including adoption in any interim period. The Company is currently assessing the impact the adoption of this standard will have on its consolidated financial statements and related disclosures.
The Company adopted ASU 2016-2, Leases, (Topic 842) as of April 1, 2019 on a modified retrospective basis and did not restate comparative periods as permitted under the transition guidance. The Company elected the practical expedient not to apply the recognition and measurement guidance of Topic 842 to short-term leases.