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Income taxes
3 Months Ended
Mar. 31, 2020
Income Tax Disclosure [Abstract]  
Income taxes
Income taxes
    
The Company recorded income tax expense of $0.1 million and income tax benefit of $7.3 million for the three months ended March 31, 2020 and March 31, 2019, respectively.
 
The income tax expense for the three months ended March 31, 2020 differs from the expense computed at the federal statutory rate primarily due to the unfavorable federal and state valuation allowance.

The income tax benefit for the three months ended March 31, 2019 differs from the benefit computed at the federal statutory rate primarily due to the state benefit on the current period loss.

The Company evaluates the recoverability of its deferred tax assets quarterly to determine if valuation allowances are required or should be adjusted. The Company assesses whether valuation allowances should be established against deferred tax assets based on consideration of all available evidence, both positive and negative, using a “more likely than not” criterion. The analysis used in determining the valuation allowance involves considerable judgment and assumptions. The Company's history of pretax losses limits its ability to rely on projections of future pretax income, therefore, realization of deferred tax assets is based primarily on reversal of taxable temporary differences.
    
After consideration of all evidence, including the analysis of the reversal pattern of the taxable and deductible temporary differences in the future, the Company increased the federal and state valuation allowance
by $3.5 million for the three months ended March 31, 2020.

The Company's quarterly provision for income taxes has historically been calculated using the annual effective rate method, which applies an estimated annual effective tax rate to pre-tax income or loss. However, when the result of the expected annual effective tax rate is not deemed reliable and distorts the income tax provision for an interim period, the Company calculates the income tax provision or benefit using the actual year-to-date effective tax rate (the "discrete method"), which results in an income tax provision or benefit based solely on the year-to-date pre-tax income or loss as adjusted for permanent differences on a pro rata basis. The Company has recorded its interim income tax provision using the discrete method, as allowed under ASC 740-270, Accounting for Income Taxes - Interim Reporting for the three months ended March 31, 2020.

On March 27, 2020, the U.S. government enacted the Coronavirus Aid, Relief, and Economic Security Act ("CARES Act"), that, among other things, increased the net interest expense deduction limit from 30% to 50% of adjusted taxable income for tax years beginning January 1, 2019 and 2020, and changed the depreciable life of the qualified improvement property from 39 years to 15 years, thereby making it eligible for 100% bonus depreciation, which the Company intends to claim. The Company also plans to take advantage of deferral of the employer portion of the social security taxes that would otherwise be due in 2020, but will be delayed with 50% due by December 31, 2021 and the remaining 50% by December 31, 2022.