Investors purchasing Class U-2 Shares may be charged a sales load of up to 2.50% of the investor’s subscription. The table assumes the maximum sales load is charged. The Distributor may, in its discretion, waive all or a portion of the sales load for certain investors. See “Plan of Distribution.”
This table assumes that the Fund borrows money for investment purposes at an average amount of 42.60% of its net assets (the actual average amount of its borrowings, including outstanding Preferred Shares, during the twelve-month period ended March 31, 2023).
The Management Fee paid by the Fund is calculated at the annual rate of 1.25% of the average daily value of the Fund’s Managed Assets which includes assets purchased with borrowed money. The table above assumes that the Fund borrows money for investment purposes at an average amount of 42.60% of its net assets (the actual average amount of its borrowings, including outstanding Preferred Shares, during the twelve-month period ended March 31, 2023). The Management Fee estimate in the table is greater than 1.25% since it is computed as a percentage of the Fund’s net assets for presentation therein. In addition, if the Fund’s leverage exceeds this 42.60% borrowings-to-net assets ratio through additional borrowings (including the issuance of additional Preferred Shares), then the Management Fee in relation to its net assets would be higher than the estimate presented in the table.
The Fund anticipates that it may have interest income that could result in the payment of an Incentive Fee to the Advisor during certain periods. However, the Incentive Fee is based on the Fund’s performance and will not be paid unless the Fund achieves certain performance targets. The Fund expects the Incentive Fee the Fund pays to increase to the extent the Fund earns greater interest income through its investments. The Incentive Fee is calculated and payable quarterly in arrears based upon “pre-incentive fee net investment income” attributable to each class of the Fund’s Shares for the immediately preceding fiscal quarter, and is subject to a hurdle rate, expressed as a rate of return on each class’s average daily net asset value (calculated in accordance with GAAP), equal to 1.50% per quarter, or an annualized hurdle rate of 6.00%, subject to a “catch-up” feature. The amount presented in this table reflects
the Incentive Fee incurred as a percent of average net assets for the twelve-month period ended March 31, 2023. See “Management and Incentive Fees” for a full explanation of how the Incentive Fee is calculated.
The amount shown in the table above is based on the assumption that the Fund borrows money for investment purposes at an average amount of 42.60% of its net assets (the actual average amount of its borrowings, including outstanding Preferred Shares, during the twelve-month period ended March 31, 2023), at an estimated annual interest rate cost to the Fund of 4.34%, which is the weighted average interest rate cost during the twelve-month period ended March 31, 2023, including dividends payable on the Fund’s MRP Shares, which, in the aggregate, have an average interest rate of 2.98% per annum as of March 31, 2023. The actual amount of interest expense borne by the Fund will vary over time in accordance with the level of the Fund’s use of borrowings and/or Preferred Shares and variations in market interest rates. See “Investment Objective, Opportunities and Strategies — Leverage.”
Class U-2 Shares may charge a shareholder servicing fee of up to 0.25% per year. The Fund may use this fee to compensate Financial Intermediaries or financial institutions for providing ongoing services in respect of clients with whom they have distributed Shares of the Fund. Such services may include electronic processing of client orders, electronic fund transfers between clients and the Fund, account reconciliations with the Fund’s transfer agent, facilitation of electronic delivery to clients of Fund documentation, monitoring client accounts for back-up withholding and any other special tax reporting obligations, maintenance of books and records with respect to the foregoing, and such other information and liaison services as the Fund or CAM may reasonably request.
Other expenses include accounting, legal and auditing fees of the Fund, and offering costs, as well as the reimbursement of the compensation of administrative personnel and fees payable to the Independent Trustees. The amount presented in the table is estimated for the twelve-month period beginning April 1, 2023 based on amounts incurred in the twelve-month period ended March 31, 2023.
Class U-2 Shares will pay to the Distributor a Distribution Fee that will accrue at an annual rate equal to 0.50% of the average daily net assets attributable to Class U-2 Shares and is payable on a quarterly basis. See “Plan of Distribution.”
The asset coverage ratio for a class of senior securities representing indebtedness is calculated as our consolidated total assets, less all liabilities and indebtedness not represented by senior securities, divided by total senior securities representing indebtedness as calculated separately for each of the Preferred Shares and the credit facilities in accordance with Section 18(h) of the 1940 Act. With respect to the Preferred Shares, the asset coverage per unit figure is expressed in terms of dollar amounts per share of outstanding Preferred Shares (based on a per share liquidation preference of $25). With respect to the credit facilities, the asset coverage ratio is multiplied by $1,000 to determine the “Asset Coverage Per Unit”.
Total amount of each class of senior securities outstanding at principal value at the end of the period presented.
There were no mandatory redeemable preferred shares outstanding as of December 31, 2020, December 31, 2019 and October 31, 2019.
Not applicable to senior securities outstanding as of period end.
The amount to which such class of senior security would be entitled upon our involuntary liquidation in preference to any security junior to it. The “—” in this column indicates that the SEC expressly does not require this information to be disclosed for certain types of senior securities.
NY
NY
No
Investors purchasing Class L Shares may be charged a sales load of up to 4.25% of the investor’s subscription. The table assumes the maximum sales load is charged. The Distributor may, in its discretion, waive all or a portion of the sales load for certain investors. See “Plan of Distribution.”
Class L Shares may charge a shareholder servicing fee of up to 0.25% per year. The Fund may use this fee to compensate Financial Intermediaries or financial institutions for providing ongoing services in respect of clients with whom they have distributed Shares of the Fund. Such services may include electronic processing of client orders, electronic fund transfers between clients and the Fund, account reconciliations with the Fund’s transfer agent, facilitation of electronic delivery to clients of Fund documentation, monitoring client accounts for back-up withholding and any other special tax reporting obligations, maintenance of books and records with respect to the foregoing, and such other information and liaison services as the Fund or CAM may reasonably request.
Class L Shares will pay to the Distributor a Distribution Fee that will accrue at an annual rate equal to 0.25% of the average daily net assets attributable to Class L Shares and is payable on a quarterly basis. See “Plan of Distribution.”
While Class U Shares do not impose a front-end sales charge, if you purchase Class U Shares through certain financial firms, they may directly charge you transaction or other fees in such amount as they may determine. Please consult your financial firm for additional information. See “Plan of Distribution.”
Class U Shares will pay to the Distributor a Distribution Fee that will accrue at an annual rate equal to 0.75% of the average daily net assets attributable to Class U Shares and is payable on a quarterly basis. See “Plan of Distribution.”
The amount to which such class of senior security would be entitled upon our involuntary liquidation in preference to any security junior to it. The “— “ in this column indicates that the SEC expressly does not require this information to be disclosed for certain types of senior securities.
Investors purchasing Class W Shares may be charged a sales load of up to 3.00% of the investor’s subscription. The table assumes the maximum sales load is charged. The Distributor may, in its discretion, waive all or a portion of the sales load for certain investors. See “Plan of Distribution.”
Class W Shares will pay to the Distributor a Distribution Fee that will accrue at an annual rate equal to 0.50% of the average daily net assets attributable to Class W Shares and is payable on a quarterly basis. See “Plan of Distribution.”
Investors purchasing Class A Shares may be charged a sales load of up to 5.75% of the investor’s subscription. The table assumes the maximum sales load is charged. The Distributor may, in its discretion, waive all or a portion of the sales load for certain investors. See “Plan of Distribution.”
Class C Shareholders may be subject to a contingent deferred sales charge on shares redeemed during the first 365 days after their purchase.
Class A Shares and Class C Shares may charge a shareholder servicing fee of up to 0.25% per year. The Fund may use this fee to compensate Financial Intermediaries or financial institutions for providing ongoing services in respect of clients with whom they have distributed Shares of the Fund. Such services may include electronic processing of client orders, electronic fund transfers between clients and the Fund, account reconciliations with the Fund’s transfer agent, facilitation of electronic delivery to clients of Fund documentation, monitoring client accounts for back-up withholding and any other special tax reporting obligations, maintenance of books and records with respect to the foregoing, and such other information and liaison services as the Fund or CAM may reasonably request.
Class C Shares will pay to the Distributor a Distribution Fee that will accrue at an annual rate equal to 0.75% of the average daily net assets attributable to Class C Shares and is payable on a quarterly basis. See “Plan of Distribution.”
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iso4217:USD
xbrli:shares
xbrli:pure
xbrli:shares
iso4217:USD
As filed with the Securities and Exchange Commission
on April 28, 2023
Registration File No. [ ]
Registration File No. 811-23165
UNITED STATES
SECURITIES AND EXCHANGE COMMISSION
Washington, DC 20549
Form N-2
☒
REGISTRATION STATEMENT UNDER THE SECURITIES ACT OF 1933
☐
Post-Effective Amendment No.
☒
REGISTRATION STATEMENT UNDER THE INVESTMENT COMPANY ACT OF 1940
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Amendment No. 28
CION
ARES DIVERSIFIED CREDIT FUND
(Exact Name of Registrant as Specified in Charter)
100
Park Avenue, 25th Floor
New
York, NY
10017
(Address of Principal Executive Offices)
(646)
845-2577
(Registrant’s Telephone Number, including
Area Code)
Eric
A. Pinero
100
Park Avenue, 25th Floor
New
York, NY
10017
(Name and Address of Agent for Service)
COPY TO:
Michael A. Reisner
Mark Gatto
CION Ares Management, LLC
100 Park Avenue, 25th Floor
New York, NY 10017 |
Richard Horowitz, Esq.
Jonathan Gaines, Esq. Dechert LLP
1095 Avenue of the Americas
New York, NY 10036 |
Approximate Date of Commencement of Proposed
Public Offering:
As
soon as practicable after the effective date of this Registration Statement.
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Check box if the only
securities being registered on this Form are being offered pursuant to dividend or interest reinvestment plans. |
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Check box if any securities
being registered on this Form will be offered on a delayed or continuous basis in reliance on Rule 415 under the Securities Act of 1933
(“Securities Act”), other than securities offered in connection with a dividend reinvestment plan. |
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Check box if this Form
is a registration statement pursuant to General Instruction A.2 or a post-effective amendment thereto. |
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Check box if this Form
is a registration statement pursuant to General Instruction B or a post-effective amendment thereto that will become effective upon filing
with the Commission pursuant to Rule 462(e) under the Securities Act. |
☐ |
Check box if this Form
is a post-effective amendment to a registration statement filed pursuant to General Instruction B to register additional securities or
additional classes of securities pursuant to Rule 413(b) under the Securities Act. |
It is proposed that this filing will become effective (check appropriate
box):
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when declared effective
pursuant to Section 8(c), or as follows: |
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immediately upon filing
pursuant to paragraph (b) of Rule 486. |
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on (date) pursuant to
paragraph (b) of Rule 486. |
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60 days after filing
pursuant to paragraph (a) of Rule 486. |
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on (date) pursuant to
paragraph (a) of Rule 486. |
If appropriate, check the following box:
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This post-effective amendment
designates a new effective date for a previously filed post-effective amendment. |
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This Form is filed to
register additional securities for an offering pursuant to Rule 462(b) under the Securities Act, and the Securities Act registration statement
number of the earlier effective registration statement for the same offering is: ______. |
☐ |
This Form is a post-effective
amendment filed pursuant to Rule 462(c) under the Securities Act, and the Securities Act registration statement number of the earlier
effective registration statement for the same offering is: ______. |
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This Form is a post-effective
amendment filed pursuant to Rule 462(d) under the Securities Act, and the Securities Act registration statement number of the earlier
effective registration statement for the same offering is: ______. |
Check each box that appropriately characterizes the
Registrant:
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Registered Closed-End
Fund (closed-end company that is registered under the Investment Company Act of 1940 (“Investment Company Act”)). |
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Business Development
Company (closed-end company that intends or has elected to be regulated as a business development company under the Investment Company
Act). |
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Interval Fund (Registered
Closed-End Fund or a Business Development Company that makes periodic repurchase offers under Rule 23c-3 under the Investment Company
Act). |
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A.2 Qualified (qualified
to register securities pursuant to General Instruction A.2 of this Form). |
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Well-Known Seasoned Issuer
(as defined by Rule 405 under the Securities Act). |
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Emerging Growth Company
(as defined by Rule 12b-2 under the Securities Exchange Act of 1934 (“Exchange Act”). |
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If an Emerging Growth
Company, indicate by check mark if the registrant has elected not to use the extended transition period for complying with any new or
revised financial accounting standards provided pursuant to Section 7(a)(2)(B) of Securities Act. |
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New Registrant (registered
or regulated under the Investment Company Act for less than 12 calendar months preceding this filing). |
PROSPECTUS
April 28,
2023
CION ARES
DIVERSIFIED CREDIT FUND
COMMON SHARES OF BENEFICIAL INTEREST
CLASS A SHARES (CADEX) AND CLASS C SHARES (CADCX)
$2,500 MINIMUM
PURCHASE FOR REGULAR ACCOUNTS
$1,000 MINIMUM PURCHASE FOR RETIREMENT PLAN ACCOUNTS
CION
Ares Diversified Credit Fund (the “Fund”) is a Delaware statutory trust that is registered under the Investment Company Act
of 1940, as amended (the “1940 Act”), as a diversified, closed-end management investment company.
Investment
Objective. The Fund’s investment objective is to provide superior risk-adjusted returns
across various market cycles by investing in a diversified portfolio of liquid and illiquid asset classes. The Fund seeks to capitalize
on market inefficiencies and relative value opportunities throughout the entire global credit spectrum. There can be no assurance that
the Fund will achieve its investment objective.
Interval
Fund. The Fund is designed primarily for long-term investors and not as a trading vehicle.
The Fund is an “interval fund” (defined below) pursuant to which it, subject to applicable law, will conduct quarterly repurchase
offers for between 5% and 25% of the Fund’s outstanding common shares of beneficial interest (“Shares”) at net asset
value (“NAV”). In connection with any given repurchase offer, it is expected that the Fund will offer to repurchase only the
minimum amount of 5% of its outstanding Shares. It is also possible that a repurchase offer may be oversubscribed, with the result that
holders of Shares (“Shareholders”) may only be able to have a portion of their Shares repurchased. The Fund does not currently
intend to list its Shares for trading on any national securities exchange. The Shares are, therefore, not readily marketable. Even though
the Fund will make quarterly repurchase offers to repurchase a portion of the Shares to try to provide liquidity to Shareholders, you
should consider the Shares to be illiquid.
Principal
Investment Strategies. The Fund will invest primarily in a portfolio of directly originated
loans, secured floating and fixed rate syndicated loans, corporate bonds, asset-backed securities, commercial real estate loans and other
types of credit instruments, which, under normal circumstances, will represent at least 80% of the Fund’s Managed Assets (as defined
in this prospectus). For purposes of this policy, “credit instruments” may include commercial real estate mezzanine loans,
real estate mortgages, distressed securities, notes, bills, debentures, bank loans, convertible and preferred securities, government and
municipal obligations. The Fund may also invest in foreign instruments and illiquid and restricted securities. Most
of the credit instruments in which the Fund invests will be rated below investment grade by rating agencies or would be rated below investment
grade if they were rated. Credit instruments that are rated below investment grade (commonly referred to as “high yield” securities
or “junk bonds”) are regarded as having predominantly speculative characteristics with respect to the issuer’s capacity
to pay interest and repay principal. Because of the risks associated with investing in high yield securities, an investment in the Fund
should be considered speculative. Some of the credit instruments will have no credit rating at all.
Unlisted
Closed-End Fund. An investment in the Fund is subject to, among others,
the following risks:
•
There
is not expected to be any secondary trading market in the Shares.
•
Unlike
an investor in most closed-end funds, Shareholders should not expect to be able to sell their Shares regardless of how the Fund performs.
An investment in the Fund is considered illiquid.
•
If
a Shareholder is able to sell its Shares outside the quarterly repurchase process, the Shareholder likely will receive less than their
purchase price and the then current NAV per Share.
•
An
investor may pay a sales load of up to 5.75% for Class A Shares.
•
Unlike
most closed-end funds, the Shares are not listed on any securities exchange. The Fund intends to provide liquidity through quarterly offers
to repurchase a limited amount of the Fund’s Shares (at least 5%).
•
There
is no assurance that monthly distributions paid by the Fund will be maintained at the targeted level or that dividends will be paid at
all.
•
The
Fund’s distributions may be funded from unlimited amounts of offering proceeds or borrowings, which may constitute a return of capital
and reduce the amount of capital available to the Fund for investment. Any capital returned to Shareholders through distributions will
be distributed after payment of fees and expenses.
•
A
return of capital to Shareholders is a return of a portion of their original investment in the Fund, thereby reducing the tax basis of
their investment. As a result from such reduction in tax basis, Shareholders may be subject to tax in connection with the sale of Fund
Shares, even if such Shares are sold at a loss relative to the Shareholder’s original investment.
•
The
Fund’s distributions may result from expense reimbursements from CION Ares Management, LLC (“CAM” or the “Advisor”),
which are subject to repayment by the Fund. Shareholders should understand that any such distributions are not based on the Fund’s
investment performance and can only be sustained if the Fund achieves positive investment performance in future periods and/or CAM continues
to make such expense reimbursements. Shareholders should also understand that the Fund’s future repayments will reduce the distributions
that a Shareholder would otherwise receive.
•
The
Fund currently employs leverage through senior secured revolving credit facilities and its outstanding Mandatory Redeemable Preferred
Shares (“MRP Shares” and, together with any other preferred shares the Fund may have outstanding, “Preferred Shares”).
The Fund intends to continue to utilize leverage and may utilize leverage to the maximum extent permitted by law for investment and other
general corporate purposes. See “Types of Investments and Related Risks — Structured Products Risks — Leverage
Risk.”
Investing
in Shares involves a high degree of risk. See “Types of Investments and Related Risks” beginning on page 37
of this prospectus.
The
date of this prospectus is April 28, 2023.
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Per Class A Share(1) |
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Per Class C Share |
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Total(1) |
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Public Offering Price |
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Current NAV, plus sales load |
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Current NAV, plus sales load |
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Unlimited |
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Sales Load(1) |
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5.75% |
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None |
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Up to 5.75% |
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Proceeds to Fund Before Expenses(2) |
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$ amount invested at current NAV |
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$ amount invested at current NAV |
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Unlimited |
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(1)
Generally,
the stated minimum initial investment by an investor in the Fund is $2,500, which stated minimum may be reduced for certain investors.
Investors purchasing Class A Shares may be charged a sales load of up to 5.75% of the Investor’s subscription, which includes up
to 5.00% of the price per Share for sales commissions and up to 0.75% of the price per Share for dealer manager fees. The table assumes
the maximum sales load for Class A Shares is charged. Class C Shares are not subject to front-end sales loads. The Fund is offering on
a continuous basis an unlimited number of Shares.
(2)
Pursuant
to an expense support and conditional reimbursement agreement, dated as of December 6, 2016, as amended and restated (the “Expense
Support and Conditional Reimbursement Agreement”), between the Fund and the Advisor, the Fund will be obligated to reimburse the
Advisor for any such payments. See “Fund Expenses.”
Structure.
The Fund does not currently intend to list its Shares for trading on any securities exchange and does not expect any secondary market
to develop for its Shares. Shareholders of the Fund are not able to have their Shares redeemed or otherwise sell their Shares on a daily
basis because the Fund is an unlisted closed-end fund. To provide some liquidity to Shareholders, the Fund is structured as an “interval
fund” and conducts periodic repurchase offers for a portion of its outstanding Shares, as described below. An investment in the
Fund is suitable only for long-term investors who can bear the risks associated with the limited liquidity of the Shares.
Investment
Advisor and Sub-Advisor. The investment advisor to the Fund is CAM, a joint venture between
affiliates of Ares Management Corporation (“Ares”) and CION Investment Group, LLC (“CION”), that is registered
as an investment advisor with the U.S. Securities and Exchange Commission (the “SEC”) under the Investment Advisers Act of
1940, as amended (the “Advisers Act”). The investment sub-advisor to the Fund is Ares Capital Management II LLC (“Ares
Capital” or the “Sub-Advisor” and collectively with the Advisor, the “Advisors”), an investment advisor
registered with the SEC under the Advisers Act. CAM oversees the management of the Fund’s activities and is responsible for making
investment decisions for the Fund’s portfolio with recommendations and support from Ares Capital.
Securities
Offered. The Fund is offering on a continuous basis an unlimited number of common shares of
beneficial interest. Class A Shares and Class C Shares are offered by this prospectus. The Fund offers Class I Shares, Class L Shares,
Class U Shares, Class U-2 Shares and Class W Shares through different prospectuses. The maximum sales load is 5.75% of the amount invested
for Class A Shares, while Class C Shares are not subject to front-end sales loads. The minimum initial investment by a Shareholder for
Class A and Class C is $2,500 for regular accounts and $1,000 for retirement plan accounts; subsequent investments may be made with at
least $100 for regular accounts and $50 for retirement plan accounts. The Fund reserves the right to waive investment minimums. Shares
are being offered through ALPS Distributors, Inc. (the “Distributor”) at an offering price equal to the Fund’s then
current NAV per Share, plus the applicable sales load.
This prospectus concisely
provides the information that a prospective investor should know about the Fund before investing. Investors are advised to read this prospectus
carefully and to retain it for future reference. Additional information about the Fund, including a statement of additional information,
dated April 28, 2023 (the “Statement of Additional Information”), has been filed with the SEC and is incorporated by reference
in its entirety into this prospectus. The Statement of Additional Information and the Fund’s annual and semi-annual reports and
other information filed with the SEC, can be obtained upon request and without charge by writing to the Fund at CION Securities, LLC,
100 Park Avenue, 25th
Floor, New York, NY 10017 or by calling toll-free 888-729-4266, and investors may also request such information or make Shareholder inquiries
by calling 888-729-4266 or by visiting www.cioninvestments.com.
In addition, the contact information provided above may be used to request additional information about the Fund and to make Shareholder
inquiries. The Statement of Additional Information, other material incorporated by reference into this prospectus and other information
about the Fund is also available on the SEC’s website at http://www.sec.gov.
The address of the SEC’s website is provided solely for the information of prospective investors and is not intended to be an active
link.
The Fund and the Advisors
have obtained exemptive relief to, among other things, (i) designate multiple classes of Shares; and (ii) impose class specific annual
asset-based distribution fees on the assets of the various classes of Shares to be used to pay for expenses incurred in fostering the
distribution of the Shares of the particular class.
Shares
are not deposits or obligations of, and are not guaranteed or endorsed by, any bank or other insured depository institution, and Shares
are not insured by the Federal Deposit Insurance Corporation, the Board of Governors of the Federal Reserve System or any other government
agency.
Neither
the SEC nor any state securities commission has approved or disapproved these securities or determined if this prospectus is truthful
or complete. Any representation to the contrary is a criminal offense.
TABLE OF CONTENTS
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SUMMARY
OF TERMS
This is only a summary and
does not contain all of the information that a prospective investor should consider before investing in the Fund. Before investing, a
prospective investor in the Fund should carefully read the more detailed information appearing elsewhere in this prospectus and the Statement
of Additional Information.
The Fund is a Delaware
statutory trust that is registered under the 1940 Act as a diversified, closed-end management investment company. The Fund is operated
as an “interval fund” (as defined below).
CAM serves as the Fund’s
investment advisor. CAM is registered as an investment advisor with the SEC under the Advisers Act.
CAM is a joint venture between
affiliates of Ares and CION and is controlled by Ares.
Ares Capital serves as
the Fund’s investment sub-advisor. Ares Capital is registered as an investment advisor with the SEC under the Advisers Act.
CAM and Ares Capital are
collectively referred to as the Advisors. CAM oversees the management of the Fund’s activities and is responsible for making investment
decisions for the Fund’s portfolio with recommendations and support from Ares Capital.
The Fund’s investment
objective is to provide superior risk-adjusted returns across various market cycles by investing in a diversified portfolio of liquid
and illiquid asset classes. The Fund seeks to capitalize on market inefficiencies and relative value opportunities throughout the entire
global credit spectrum. There can be no assurance that the Fund will achieve its investment objective.
INVESTMENT OPPORTUNITIES
AND STRATEGIES
The Fund will invest primarily
in a portfolio of directly originated loans, secured floating and fixed rate syndicated loans, corporate bonds, asset-backed securities,
commercial real estate loans and other types of credit instruments, which, under normal circumstances, will represent at least 80% of
the Fund’s Managed Assets. For purposes of this policy, “credit instruments” may include commercial real estate mezzanine
loans, real estate mortgages, distressed securities, notes, bills, debentures, bank loans, convertible and preferred securities, government
and municipal obligations. The Fund may also invest in foreign instruments and illiquid and restricted securities. “Managed Assets”
means the total assets of the Fund (including any assets attributable to any Preferred Shares or to indebtedness) minus the Fund’s
liabilities other than liabilities relating to indebtedness.
Opportunistic,
Flexible, Untethered Credit Investments Strategy. The Advisors employ an opportunistic, flexible
and untethered global credit investments strategy based on absolute and relative value considerations, as well as analysis
of the credit markets. The Advisors seek
risk-adjusted returns over full market cycles by creating and managing a diversified portfolio across multiple industry sectors and geographic
regions. The Advisors systematically allocate capital across multiple segments of the global fixed-income markets, including U.S. and
non-U.S. credit instruments. It is anticipated that most of the Fund’s investments will be rated below investment grade or would
be rated below investment grade if they were rated. Non-investment grade fixed income securities, also known as “junk bonds”,
are considered speculative. Some of the credit instruments will have no credit rating at all. The Fund is untethered to benchmark-specific
guidelines, thereby providing the Advisors with significant latitude to invest where they see opportunities and to reduce exposure to
areas where they see less value or heightened downside risks.
Relative
Value Focus. A primary driver of the Fund’s investment strategy is a relative value focus
whereby the Advisors seek to identify market dislocations caused by, among other factors, (i) significant corporate transactional events,
such as spinoffs, mergers and acquisitions, industry consolidations, liquidations, reorganizations, bankruptcies, recapitalizations and
share buybacks and other extraordinary corporate transactions; (ii) market inefficiencies resulting from the misunderstanding by the broader
investment community of a particular company or industry, which misunderstanding results in the income of such investment reflecting a
higher risk premium or the market price of such investment reflecting a lower value than is deemed warranted by the Advisors; (iii) companies
experiencing financial stress resulting in a mispricing of their securities either because such securities pay higher income due to perceived
risk or trade at a significant discount to fair value whereby the underlying asset values limit downside risk and offer meaningful upside
potential; and (iv) sell-offs in one or more of the relevant credit markets.
Access
to Ares Transaction Flow. The Advisors intend to benefit from the market presence, scale, infrastructure
and demonstrated investment experience of Ares to gain access to transaction flow and a broad set of investment opportunities across the
non-investment grade credit spectrum. Unlike many other alternative investment managers, Ares operates in a fully integrated manner and
encourages frequent collaboration among its investment professionals. This unique approach allows Ares to draw from the collective market
insight, industry expertise, contacts and experience of its over 880 investment professionals around the world.
The Fund intends to focus
on what the Advisors believe are the broader Ares platform’s most attractive investment ideas from a risk-adjusted return standpoint
in order to achieve its investment objective. The Advisors intend to be opportunistic. As such, the Advisors have the flexibility to
invest where they see opportunities, based
on their extensive credit research expertise and analysis of the relevant credit markets, in a variety of credit instruments with varying
yield and risk profiles.
Active
Monitoring and Investing, with Bottom-Up and Top-Down Credit Analysis by Deep and Experienced Team.
The Advisors will actively construct and manage a portfolio of credit investments and, as necessary, periodically rebalance the Fund’s
allocation of assets among different types of credit investments utilizing the Advisors’ strategies to seek to optimize the Fund’s
allocation to achieve the Fund’s investment objective under the market conditions existing at such time.
With respect to each investment
opportunity, the Advisors intend to take a bottom-up and top-down approach to their credit analysis that will focus on each individual
investment as well as global macroeconomic factors and the industry in which the subject entity operates. The Advisors’ investment
process will be rigorous, proactive and continuous, and will emphasize team management. Close monitoring of each investment in the portfolio
provides the basis for making buy, sell and hold decisions. In managing the Fund’s portfolio, the Advisors will utilize their and
the broader Ares platform’s deep and experienced teams of credit specialists to analyze investments and engage in regular and periodic
monitoring of credit risk with a goal toward the early identification, and sale, of credit instruments and other investments with potential
credit problems. This monitoring process may include reviewing (i) an issuer’s financial resources and operating history; (ii) a
comparison of an issuer’s current operating results with the Advisors’ initial investment thesis for the investment and initial
expectations for the performance of the obligation; (iii) an issuer’s sensitivity to economic conditions; (iv) the performance of
an issuer’s management; (v) an issuer’s debt maturities and borrowing requirements; (vi) an issuer’s interest and asset
coverage; and (vii) the relative value of an investment based on an issuer’s anticipated cash flow or where other comparable assets
are trading in the market.
The Fund’s portfolio
will consist of some combination of the following types of investments:
Direct
Lending. The Fund may invest in first lien senior secured loans (including “unitranche”
loans, which are loans that combine both senior and mezzanine debt, generally in a first lien position), second lien senior secured loans
and mezzanine debt, which in some cases includes an equity component, of U.S. and European middle-market companies, where the Advisors
believe the supply of primary capital is limited and the investment opportunities are most attractive. These investments are typically
made to companies with annual EBITDA between $10 million and
$250 million. As used herein, EBITDA represents
net income before net interest expense, income tax expense, depreciation and amortization.
Syndicated
Corporate Loans. Senior, secured corporate loans (“Syndicated Loans”) generally
benefit from liens on collateral, are rated below-investment grade and typically pay interest at rates that are determined periodically
on the basis of a floating base lending rate, primarily the London-Interbank Offered Rate (“LIBOR”), the Secured Overnight
Financing Rate (“SOFR”), or another reference rate, plus a spread. Syndicated Loans are typically made to U.S. and, to a lesser
extent, non-U.S. corporations, partnerships, limited liability companies and other business entities (together with issuers of Corporate
Bonds (as defined below) and other debt securities, (“Borrowers”) which operate in various industries and geographical regions.
Borrowers may obtain Syndicated Loans, among other reasons, to refinance existing debt, engage in acquisitions, pay dividends, recapitalize,
complete leveraged buyouts and for general corporate purposes. Syndicated Loans rated below investment grade are sometimes referred to
as “leveraged loans”. The Fund may invest in Syndicated Loans through assignments of or, to a lesser extent, participations
in Syndicated Loans. The Fund may utilize various types of derivative instruments (“Derivatives”), including total return
swaps for the purpose of gaining exposure to Syndicated Loans.
Corporate
Bonds. An issuer of high-yield corporate bonds (“Corporate Bonds”) typically pays
the investor a fixed rate of interest and must repay the amount borrowed on or before maturity. The investment return of Corporate Bonds
reflects interest on the security and changes in the market value of the security. The market value of a Corporate Bond generally may
be expected to rise and fall inversely with interest rates. The value of intermediate- and longer-term Corporate Bonds normally fluctuates
more in response to changes in interest rates than does the value of shorter-term Corporate Bonds. The market value of a Corporate Bond
also may be affected by investors’ perceptions of the creditworthiness of the issuer, the issuer’s performance and perceptions
of the issuer in the market place. There is a risk that the issuers of Corporate Bonds may not be able to meet their obligations on interest
or principal payments at the time called for by an instrument. The Fund may utilize various types of Derivatives, including swaps, for
the purpose of gaining exposure to Corporate Bonds.
Structured
Credit. The Fund may invest in asset-backed opportunities across broad sectors such as consumer
and commercial specialty finance and corporate credit. The Fund will target investment opportunities that are directly originated and
privately negotiated that may include (i) financings secured by pools of consumer loans, commercial loans or real estate assets; (ii)
the outright
purchase of pools of consumer loans, commercial
loans or real estate assets; and (iii) debt and equity investments in U.S.-dollar-denominated collateralized loan obligations (“CLOs”)
that are primarily backed by corporate leveraged loans issued to primarily U.S. obligors (“U.S. CLOs”), as well as Euro-denominated
CLOs that are backed primarily by corporate leveraged loans issued to primarily European obligors (“European CLOs”). The investments
in the “equity” of structured credit products (including CLOs) refers to the junior-most or residual debt tranche of such
structured credit products (i.e.,
the tranche whose rights to payment are not senior to any other tranche, which does not typically receive a credit rating and is typically
not secured (and is also typically referred to as subordinated notes, income notes, preferred shares or preferred securities, or, more
generally, as “equity”)) (the “Residual Tranche”).
The CLO equity tranches
(or other similar junior tranches) and privately issued asset-backed securities in which the Fund invests may be highly leveraged, which
magnifies the Fund’s risk of loss on such investments.
Stressed
Investments. The Fund may invest in Syndicated Loans and Corporate Bonds and other obligations
of companies, referred to herein as “Stressed Issuers,” that may be in some level of financial or business distress, including
companies involved in, or that have recently completed, bankruptcy or other reorganization and liquidation proceedings. These investments
may include (i) corporate debt instruments relating to stressed and distressed industries or issuers; (ii) rescue-capital opportunities;
(iii) public and private stock issued in connection with restructurings and reorganizations or otherwise (“post-reorganization securities”);
and (iv) other opportunistic investments resulting from periods of market dislocation.
Commercial
Real Estate Loans.
Senior Mortgage Loans: These
mortgage loans are typically secured by first liens on commercial properties, including the following property types: office, multifamily,
retail, industrial, hospitality and mixed-use. In some cases, first lien mortgages may be divided into an A-Note and a B-Note. The A-Note
is typically a privately negotiated loan that is secured by a first mortgage on a commercial property or group of related properties that
is senior to a B-Note secured by the same first mortgage property or group.
Subordinated Debt: These
loans may include structurally subordinated first mortgage loans and junior participations in first mortgage loans or participations in
these types of assets. As noted above, a B-Note is typically a privately negotiated loan that is secured by a first mortgage on a commercial
property or group of related properties and is subordinated to an
A-Note secured by the same first mortgage
property or group. The subordination of a B-Note or junior participation typically is evidenced by participations or intercreditor agreements
with other holders of interests in the note. B-Notes are subject to more credit risk with respect to the underlying mortgage collateral
than the corresponding A-Note.
Preferred Equity: Real estate
preferred equity investments are subordinate to first mortgage loans and are not collateralized by the property underlying the investment.
As a holder of preferred equity, the Fund seeks to enhance its position with covenants that limit the activities of the entity in which
the Fund has an interest and protect the Fund’s equity by obtaining an exclusive right to control the underlying property after
an event of default, should such a default occur on the Fund’s investment.
Mezzanine Loans: Like B-Notes,
these loans are also subordinated, but are usually secured by a pledge of the borrower’s equity ownership in the entity that owns
the property or by a second lien mortgage on the property. In a liquidation, these loans are generally junior to any mortgage liens on
the underlying property, but senior to any preferred equity or common equity interests in the entity that owns the property. Investor
rights are usually governed by intercreditor agreements.
Other
Investment Strategies. The Fund may also invest in commercial real estate mezzanine loans, real
estate mortgages, distressed securities, notes, bills, debentures, bank loans, convertible and preferred securities, government and municipal
obligations and other credit instruments with similar economic characteristics. In addition, from time to time, the Fund may invest in
or hold common stock and other equity securities incidental to the purchase or ownership of a Syndicated Loan or Corporate Bond or in
connection with a reorganization of a borrower. The Fund may engage in short sales. The Fund may also use Derivatives to gain investment
exposure to credit instruments, to provide downside protection and to dampen volatility. Derivatives may allow the Fund to increase or
decrease the level of risk to which the Fund is exposed more quickly and efficiently than transactions in other types of instruments.
The Fund may invest in securities of other investment companies, including ETFs, to the extent that these investments are consistent with
the Fund’s investment objective, strategies and policies and permissible under the 1940 Act or any applicable exemption therefrom.
The Fund may invest in other investment companies to gain broad market or sector exposure, including during periods when it has large
amounts of uninvested cash or when the Advisors believe share prices of other investment companies offer attractive values.
Other
Characteristics
Below
Investment Grade Credit Instruments. Most of the credit instruments in which the Fund may invest
will be rated below investment grade (also known as “junk bonds”). Securities rated below investment grade are those that,
at the time of investment, are rated Ba1 or lower by Moody’s Investors Service, Inc. (“Moody’s”), or BB+ or lower
by Standard & Poor’s Corporation Ratings Group (“S&P”) or Fitch Ratings, Inc. (“Fitch”), or if unrated
are determined by the Advisors to be of comparable quality. Below investment grade securities often are regarded as having predominately
speculative characteristics with respect to an issuer’s capacity to pay interest and repay principal. In addition, lower quality
debt securities tend to be more sensitive to general economic conditions. Although many of the Fund’s investments may consist of
securities rated below investment grade, the Fund reserves the right to invest in credit instruments of any credit quality, maturity and
duration.
Foreign
Instruments. The Fund may make investments in non-U.S. entities, including issuers in emerging
markets. Emerging market countries are countries that major international financial institutions, such as the World Bank, generally consider
to be less economically mature than developed nations, such as the United States or most nations in Western Europe. Emerging market countries
can include every nation in the world except the United States, Canada, Japan, Australia, New Zealand, most countries located in Western
Europe and certain other countries. The Fund expects that its investment in non-U.S. issuers will be made primarily in U.S. dollar denominated
securities, but it reserves the right to purchase securities that are foreign currency denominated. Some non-U.S. securities may be less
liquid and more volatile than securities of comparable U.S. issuers.
Illiquid
and Restricted Securities. The Fund may invest in instruments that, at the time of investment,
are illiquid (generally, those securities that cannot be disposed of within seven days in the ordinary course of business at approximately
the value at which the Fund has valued the securities). Although the Fund may invest in such instruments without limitation, pursuant
to the requirements of the 1940 Act, the Board of Trustees (the “Board”) has adopted, and the Fund follows, procedures designed
to ensure that the Fund maintains sufficient liquidity to meet its periodic repurchase obligations as an interval fund. The Fund may also
invest, without limit, in securities that are unregistered (but are eligible for purchase and sale by certain qualified institutional
buyers) or are held by control persons of the issuer and securities that are subject to contractual restrictions on their resale.
The Fund may invest its
cash balances in money market instruments, U.S. government securities, commercial paper,
certificates of deposit, repurchase agreements
and other high-quality debt instruments maturing in one year or less, among other instruments. In addition, and in response to adverse
market, economic or political conditions, the Fund may invest in high-quality fixed income securities, money market instruments and money
market funds or may hold significant positions in cash or cash equivalents for defensive purposes.
MANAGEMENT AND INCENTIVE
FEES
Pursuant to the investment
advisory agreement, dated as of December 6, 2016 (the “Investment Advisory Agreement”), by and between the Fund and the Advisor,
and in consideration of the advisory services provided by the Advisor to the Fund, the Advisor is entitled to a fee consisting of two
components — a base management fee (the “Management Fee”) and an incentive fee (the “Incentive Fee”).
The Investment Advisory Agreement was most recently amended and restated as of May 22, 2020. Pursuant to the investment sub-advisory agreement,
dated as of December 6, 2016 (the “Investment Sub-Advisory Agreement”), by and between the Advisors and the Fund, the Advisor
pays the Sub-Advisor 40% of the Management Fee and Incentive Fee actually received and retained and not otherwise used to support expenses.
The Management Fee is calculated
and payable monthly at the annual rate of 1.25% of the average daily value of the Fund’s Managed Assets.
The Incentive Fee is calculated
and payable quarterly in arrears based upon “pre-incentive fee net investment income” attributable to each class of the Fund’s
Shares for the immediately preceding fiscal quarter, and is subject to a hurdle rate, expressed as a rate of return based on each class’s
average daily net asset value (calculated in accordance with GAAP), equal to 1.50% per quarter (or an annualized hurdle rate of 6.00%),
subject to a “catch-up” feature. For this purpose, “pre-incentive fee net investment income” means interest income,
dividend income and any other income accrued during the fiscal quarter, minus each class’s operating expenses for the quarter and
the distribution and/or shareholder servicing fees (if any) applicable to each class accrued during the fiscal quarter. For such purposes,
the Fund’s operating expenses will include the Management Fee, expenses reimbursed to CAM under the administration agreement, dated
as of December 6, 2016 (the “CAM Administration Agreement”), by and between the Fund and CAM, and any interest expense and
distributions paid on any issued and outstanding Preferred Shares, but will exclude the Incentive Fee.
The “catch-up”
provision is intended to provide the Advisor with an incentive fee of 15% on each class’s pre-incentive fee net investment income
when that class’s pre-incentive fee net investment income reaches 1.765% of the class’s average daily net asset value (calculated
in accordance with GAAP) in any fiscal quarter.
The Advisors are obligated
to pay expenses associated with providing the investment services stated in the Investment Advisory Agreement and Investment Sub-Advisory
Agreement, including compensation of and office space for their officers and employees connected with investment and economic research,
trading and investment management of the Fund.
The Board, including a majority
of the members of the Board (each, a “Trustee”) that are considered independent and are not “interested persons”
(as defined in Section 2(a)(19) of the 1940 Act) of the Fund or the Advisors (collectively, the “Independent Trustees”),
oversees and monitors the Fund’s investment performance and will periodically review the Investment Advisory Agreement and Investment
Sub-Advisory Agreement to determine, among other things, whether the fees payable under such agreements are reasonable in light of the
services provided.
The Advisor and the Fund
have entered into the Expense Support and Conditional Reimbursement Agreement under which the Advisor may voluntarily determine to reimburse
the Fund’s operating expenses to the extent that it deems appropriate in order to ensure that the Fund bears an appropriate level
of expenses. The Expense Support and Conditional Reimbursement Agreement may be renewed for additional one-year terms by the mutual agreement
of the Advisor and the Fund.
The Fund has agreed to repay
the Advisor in the amount of any Fund expenses reimbursed under the Expense Support and Conditional Reimbursement Agreement (including
any organizational, offering, or operating costs reimbursed under the original and first amended and restated expense support and conditional
reimbursement agreements (collectively, the “Expense Support and Conditional Reimbursement Agreements”)) (each such payment,
an “Expense Payment”), subject to the limitation that a reimbursement (an “Advisor Reimbursement”) will be made
only if and to the extent that (i) it is payable not more than three years from the last business day of the calendar quarter in which
the applicable Expense Payment was made by the Advisor; (ii) the Advisor Reimbursement does not cause Other Fund Operating Expenses (as
defined herein) (on an annualized basis and net of any reimbursements received by the Fund during such fiscal year) during the applicable
quarter to exceed the percentage of the Fund’s average net assets attributable to Class A and Class C Shares, respectively, represented
by Other Fund Operating Expenses (on an annualized basis)
during the quarter in which the applicable
Expense Payment from the Advisor was made; and (iii) the distributions per share declared by the Fund for the applicable class at the
time of the applicable Expense Payment are less than the effective rate of distributions per share for such class at the time the Advisor
Reimbursement would be paid. See “Fund Expenses — Expense Support and Conditional Reimbursement Agreement”
for additional information. The Expense Support and Conditional Reimbursement Agreement will remain in effect at least until July 31,
2023, unless and until the Board approves its modification or termination. This agreement may be terminated only by the Board on notice
to the Advisor. See “Fund Expenses.”
Class C Shares will pay
to the Distributor a distribution fee (the “Distribution Fee”) that will accrue at an annual rate equal to 0.75% of the Fund’s
average daily net assets attributable to Class C Shares and is payable on a quarterly basis. Class A Shares are not subject to a Distribution
Fee. See “Plan of Distribution.”
Pursuant to the CAM Administration
Agreement, CAM furnishes the Fund with office equipment and clerical, bookkeeping and record keeping services at the Fund’s office
facilities. Under the CAM Administration Agreement, the Fund is obligated to reimburse CAM, at cost, based upon the Fund’s allocable
portion of CAM’s overhead and other expenses (including travel expenses) incurred by CAM in performing its obligations under the
CAM Administration Agreement, including the Fund’s allocable portion of the compensation of certain of its officers (including but
not limited to the chief compliance officer, chief financial officer, chief accounting officer, general counsel, treasurer and assistant
treasurer) and their respective staffs. The CAM Administration Agreement may be terminated by either party without penalty upon 60 days’
written notice to the other party.
Pursuant to the administration
agreement between ALPS Fund Services, Inc. (“ALPS Fund Services”) and the Fund (the “ALPS Administration Agreement”),
ALPS Fund Services performs, or administers the performance of, certain of the Fund’s required administrative services, which include,
among other things, providing administrative assistance in accounting, legal, compliance, and operations, preparing the financial records
that the Fund is required to maintain and preparing reports to the Fund’s Shareholders and reports filed with the SEC. In addition,
ALPS Fund Services coordinates the preparation and filing of the Fund’s tax returns and generally coordinates the payment of the
Fund’s expenses and the performance of administrative and professional services rendered to the Fund.
It is also understood and
agreed that if persons associated with the Advisors or any of their affiliates, including persons who are officers of the Fund, provide
accounting, legal, clerical or administrative services to the Fund at the request
of the Fund, the Fund will reimburse the
Advisors and their affiliates for their costs in providing such accounting, legal, clerical or administrative services to the Fund (which
costs may include an allocation of overhead including rent and the allocable portion of the salaries and benefits of the relevant persons
and their respective staffs, including travel expenses), using a methodology for determining costs approved by the Board. Nothing contained
herein shall be construed to restrict the Fund’s right to hire its own employees or to contract for services to be performed by
third parties.
The Fund’s distribution
policy is to make monthly distributions to Shareholders. Distributions can only be made from net investment income after paying any accrued
dividends to holders of Preferred Shares. See “Distributions.”
The Board reserves the right
to change the distribution policy from time to time.
DIVIDEND
REINVESTMENT
PLAN
The Fund operates under
a dividend reinvestment plan (“DRP”) administered by SS&C Global Investor & Distribution Solutions, Inc. (“SS&C
GIDS, Inc.”). Pursuant to the plan, the Fund’s income dividends or capital gains or other distributions (each, a “Distribution”
and collectively, “Distributions”), net of any applicable U.S. withholding tax, are reinvested in the same class of shares
of the Fund.
Shareholders automatically
participate in the DRP, unless and until an election is made to withdraw from the plan on behalf of such participating Shareholder. A
Shareholder who does not wish to have Distributions automatically reinvested may terminate participation in the Plan at any time by written
instructions to that effect to SS&C GIDS, Inc. Shareholders who elect not to participate in the DRP will receive all distributions
in cash paid to the Shareholder of record (or, if the shares are held in street or other nominee name, then to such nominee). Such written
instructions must be received by SS&C GIDS, Inc. 30 days prior to the record date of the Distribution or the Shareholder will receive
such Distribution in shares through the DRP. Under the DRP, the Fund’s Distributions to Shareholders are reinvested in full and
fractional shares. See “Distributions — Dividend Reinvestment Plan.”
The Board has overall
responsibility for monitoring and overseeing the Fund’s management and operations. A majority of the Trustees are Independent Trustees.
See “Management of the Fund.”
The Fund’s Shares
are offered on a daily basis. Please see “Plan of Distribution” on page 103 for purchase instructions and additional information.
The minimum initial investment
for Class A and Class C is $2,500 for regular accounts and $1,000 for retirement plan accounts; subsequent investments may be made with
at least
$100 for regular accounts and $50 for retirement
plan accounts, except for purchases made pursuant to the Fund’s DRP or as otherwise permitted by the Fund. The Fund reserves the
right to waive investment minimums. See “Distributions — Dividend Reinvestment Plan.”
Investors eligible to
purchase Class I Shares may convert Class A Shares to Class I Shares. Class A and Class C Shares will automatically convert into Class
I Shares if the total sales charge would otherwise exceed the limits of Financial Industry Regulatory Authority (“FINRA”)
Rule 2341. See “Plan of Distribution” on page 103.
ALPS Distributors, Inc.,
located at 1290 Broadway, Suite 1000, Denver, CO 80203, serves as the Fund’s principal underwriter and acts as the Distributor of
the Fund’s Shares on a best efforts basis, subject to various conditions. The Fund’s Shares are offered for sale through the
Distributor at NAV plus the applicable sales load. The Distributor also may enter into broker-dealer selling agreements with other broker
dealers for the sale and distribution of the Fund’s Shares.
The Distributor is not required
to sell any specific number or dollar amount of the Fund’s Shares but will use its best efforts to solicit orders for the sale of
the Shares. Shares of the Fund will not be listed on any national securities exchange and the Distributor will not act as a market maker
in Fund Shares.
The Distributor has entered
into a wholesale marketing agreement with CION Securities, LLC (“CION Securities”), a registered broker-dealer and an affiliate
of CION. Pursuant to the terms of the wholesale marketing agreement, CION Securities will seek to market and otherwise promote the Fund
through various wholesale distribution channels, including, but not limited to, regional and independent retail broker-dealers and registered
investment advisors.
CION Securities has also
entered into a dealer manager agreement with the Fund pursuant to which CION Securities has agreed to provide certain marketing and wholesale
services in consideration of its receipt of the dealer manager fee.
The Advisors or their affiliates,
in the Advisors’ discretion and from their own resources, may pay additional compensation to financial intermediaries and their
agents that have made arrangements with the Fund and are authorized to buy and sell shares of the Fund (collectively, “Financial
Intermediaries”) in connection with the sale of Fund Shares (the “Additional Compensation”). In return for the Additional
Compensation, the Fund may receive certain marketing advantages including access to a broker’s or dealer’s registered representatives,
placement on a list of investment options offered by a broker or dealer, or the ability to assist in training and educating the broker’s
or dealer’s registered representatives. The Additional
Compensation may differ among brokers or
dealers in amount or in the amount of calculation. Payments of Additional Compensation may be fixed dollar amounts or, based on the aggregate
value of outstanding Shares held by Shareholders introduced by the broker or dealer, or determined in some other manner. The receipt of
Additional Compensation by a selling broker or dealer may create potential conflicts of interest between an investor and its broker or
dealer who is recommending the fund over other potential investments.
ERISA
PLANS AND OTHER
TAX-EXEMPT ENTITIES
Investors subject to the
Employee Retirement Income Security Act of 1974, as amended (“ERISA”), and other tax-exempt entities, including employee benefit
plans, individual retirement accounts (“IRAs”), 401(k) plans and Keogh plans, may purchase Shares. Because the Fund is registered
as an investment company under the 1940 Act, the underlying assets of the Fund will not be considered to be “plan assets”
of the ERISA plans investing in the Fund for purposes of ERISA’s fiduciary responsibility and prohibited transaction rules. Thus,
none of the Fund or the Advisors will be a fiduciary within the meaning of ERISA with respect to the assets of any ERISA plan that becomes
a Shareholder, solely as a result of the ERISA plan’s investment in the Fund. See “ERISA Considerations.”
UNLISTED CLOSED-END
INTERVAL FUND STRUCTURE
The Fund has been organized
as a continuously offered, diversified closed-end management investment company. Closed-end funds differ from open-end funds (commonly
known as mutual funds) in that investors in closed-end funds do not have the right to redeem their shares on a daily basis. Unlike most
closed-end funds, which typically list their shares on a securities exchange, the Fund does not currently intend to list the Shares for
trading on any securities exchange, and the Fund does not expect any secondary market to develop for the Shares in the foreseeable future.
Therefore, an investment in the Fund, unlike an investment in a typical closed-end fund, is not a liquid investment. To provide some liquidity
to Shareholders, the Fund will be structured as an “interval fund” and conduct quarterly repurchase offers for a limited amount
of the Fund’s Shares (at least 5%).
The Fund believes that an
unlisted closed-end structure is most appropriate for the long-term nature of the Fund’s strategy. With event-driven strategies
or similar types of investments, the ability to hold positions — through all manner of market environments — until
the occurrence of the anticipated event or catalyst that unlocks value is crucial. Features that interfere with this ability (such as
daily redemptions permitted by open-end funds that can require the premature sale of investments) could impair the Fund’s ability
to execute its investment strategy. Accordingly, an unlisted closed-end structure helps the Fund achieve its
investment objective. The Fund’s
NAV per Share may be volatile. As the Shares are not traded, investors will not be able to dispose of their investment in the Fund no
matter how poorly the Fund performs. Because exchange-traded closed-end funds also do not redeem Shares, they also could execute the Fund’s
buy-and-hold strategy. Because an exchange-traded closed-end fund’s shares can trade at a discount to NAV, they may present a more
attractive opportunity to investors.
The Fund currently offers
seven different classes of Shares: Class A, Class C, Class I, Class L, Class U, Class U-2 and Class W Shares. The Fund began continuously
offering its Shares on January 3, 2017. As of July 11, 2017, the Fund simultaneously redesignated its issued and outstanding Shares as
Class A Shares and created its Class C, Class I and Class L Shares. As of December 4, 2018, the Fund created its Class U and Class W Shares.
As of March 31, 2020, the Fund created its Class U-2 Shares. An investment in any Share class of the Fund represents an investment in
the same assets of the Fund. However, the purchase restrictions and ongoing fees and expenses for each Share class are different. The
fees and expenses for the Fund are set forth in “Summary of Fees and Expenses.” If you have hired an intermediary and are
eligible to invest in more than one class of Shares, the intermediary may help determine which Share class is appropriate for you. When
selecting a Share class, you should consider which Share classes are available to you, how much you intend to invest, how long you expect
to own Shares, and the total costs and expenses associated with a particular Share class. The Fund offers Class I Shares, Class L Shares,
Class U Shares, Class U-2 Shares and Class W Shares through different prospectuses. Investors eligible to purchase Class I Shares may
convert Class A Shares to Class I Shares. See “Plan of Distribution.”
Each investor’s financial
considerations are different. You should speak with your financial advisor to help you decide which Share class is best for you. Not all
Financial Intermediaries offer all classes of Shares. If your Financial Intermediary offers more than one class of Shares, you should
carefully consider which class of Shares to purchase.
The Board has designated
the Advisor as the Fund’s valuation designee for purposes of Rule 2a-5 under the 1940 Act. The Advisor is responsible for the valuation
of the Fund’s portfolio investments for which market quotations are not readily available, as determined in good faith pursuant
to the Advisor’s valuation policy and consistently applied valuation process. Pursuant to the portfolio valuation process set forth
in the Advisor’s valuation policy, the Advisor utilizes independent third-party pricing services and independent third-party valuation
services. Portfolio securities and other assets for which market quotes are readily available are valued at market value. In circumstances
where market quotes are not readily available, the Advisor
has adopted methods for determining the
fair value of such securities and other assets. The Fund utilizes the Fund’s NAV per Fund Share, as determined by the Fund in accordance
with the methodology described in the Advisor’s valuation policy, in determining the Fund’s NAV per Share. Valuations of Fund
investments are disclosed in reports publicly filed with the SEC.
The Advisor will provide
the Board with periodic reports, no less than quarterly, that discuss the functioning of the valuation process, if applicable to that
period, and that identify issues and valuation problems that have arisen, if any. See “Determination of Net Asset Value.”
The Shares have no history
of public trading, nor is it intended that the Shares will be listed on a public exchange at this time. No secondary market is expected
to develop for the Fund’s Shares.
The Fund is an “interval
fund,” a type of fund which, to provide some liquidity to Shareholders, makes quarterly offers to repurchase between 5% and 25%
of its outstanding Shares at NAV, pursuant to Rule 23c-3 under the 1940 Act, unless such offer is suspended or postponed in accordance
with regulatory requirements (as discussed below). In connection with any given repurchase offer, it is expected the Fund will offer to
repurchase only the minimum amount of 5% of its outstanding Shares. Quarterly repurchases occur in the months of March, June, September
and December. The offer to purchase Shares is a fundamental policy that may not be changed without the vote of the holders of a majority
of the Fund’s outstanding voting securities (as defined in the 1940 Act). Written notification of each quarterly repurchase offer
(the “Repurchase Offer Notice”) is sent to Shareholders at least 21 calendar days before the repurchase request deadline (i.e.,
the date by which Shareholders can tender their Shares in response to a repurchase offer) (the “Repurchase Request Deadline”).
The Fund expects to determine the NAV applicable to repurchases on the Repurchase Request Deadline. However, the NAV will be calculated
no later than the 14th calendar day (or the next business day if the 14th calendar day is not a business day) after the Repurchase Request
Deadline (the “Repurchase Pricing Date”). The Fund expects to distribute payment to Shareholders between one and three business
days after the Repurchase Pricing Date and will distribute such payment no later than seven calendar days after such Date. The Fund’s
Shares are not listed on any securities exchange, and the Fund anticipates that no secondary market will develop for its Shares. Accordingly,
you may not be able to sell Shares when and/or in the amount that you desire. Thus, the Shares are appropriate only as a long-term investment.
In addition, the Fund’s repurchase offers may subject the Fund and Shareholders to special risks. See “Types of Investments
and Related Risks — Repurchase Offers Risks.”
The Fund has elected to
be treated for U.S. federal income tax purposes, and intends to qualify annually, as a regulated investment company (“RIC”)
under Subchapter M of the Internal Revenue Code of 1986, as amended (the “Code”). As a RIC, the Fund generally will not be
subject to corporate-level U.S. federal income taxes on any net ordinary income or capital gains that is currently distributed as dividends
for U.S. federal income tax purposes to Shareholders, as applicable. To qualify and maintain its qualification as a RIC for U.S. federal
income tax purposes, the Fund is required to meet certain specified source-of-income and asset diversification requirements and is required
to distribute dividends for U.S. federal income tax purposes of an amount at least equal to 90% of the sum of its net ordinary income
and realized net short-term capital gains in excess of realized net long-term capital losses each tax year to Shareholders, as applicable.
See “Distributions” and “Tax Aspects.”
For accounting purposes,
the Fund’s fiscal year is the 12-month period ending on December 31.
As soon as practicable
after the end of each calendar year, a statement on Form 1099-DIV identifying the sources of the distributions paid by the Fund to Shareholders
for tax purposes will be furnished to Shareholders subject to Internal Revenue Service (“IRS”) reporting. In addition, the
Fund will prepare and transmit to Shareholders an unaudited semi-annual and an audited annual report within 60 days after the close of
the period for which the report is being made, or as otherwise required by the 1940 Act.
Investing in the Fund
involves risks, including the risk that a Shareholder may receive little or no return on their investment or that a Shareholder may lose
part or all of their investment. Below is a summary of some of the principal risks of investing in the Fund. For a more complete discussion
of the risks of investing in the Fund, see “Types of Investments and Related Risks.” Shareholders should consider carefully
the following principal risks before investing in the Fund:
•
Unlike
most closed-end funds, the Fund’s Shares will not be listed on any securities exchange;
•
Although
the Fund intends to implement a quarterly share repurchase program, there is no guarantee that an investor will be able to sell all of
the Shares that the investor desires to sell. The Fund should therefore be considered to offer limited liquidity;
•
The
capital markets may experience periods of disruption and instability. Such market conditions may materially and adversely affect debt
and equity capital markets, which may have a negative impact on the Fund’s business and operations;
•
If
a Shareholder is able to sell its Shares, the Shareholder likely will receive less than its purchase price and the then current NAV per
Share;
•
The
Fund’s distributions may be funded from offering proceeds or borrowings, which may constitute a return of capital and reduce the
amount of capital available to the Fund for investment. Any capital returned to Shareholders through distributions will be distributed
after payment of fees and expenses, as well as the sales load;
•
A
return of capital to Shareholders is a return of a portion of their original investment in the Fund, thereby reducing the tax basis of
their investment. As a result from such reduction in tax basis, Shareholders may be subject to tax in connection with the sale of Fund Shares,
even if such Shares are sold at a loss relative to the Shareholder’s original investment;
•
The
Fund’s investments in securities and other obligations of companies that are experiencing distress involve a substantial degree
of risk, require a high level of analytical sophistication for successful investment, and require active monitoring;
•
Below
investment grade instruments (also known as “junk bonds”) have predominantly speculative characteristics and may be particularly
susceptible to economic downturns, which could cause losses;
•
Certain
investments may be exposed to the credit risk of the counterparties with whom the Fund deals;
•
The
valuation of securities or instruments that lack a central trading place (such as fixed-income securities or instruments) may carry greater
risk than those that trade on an exchange;
•
It
is expected that most of the securities and instruments held by the Fund will not trade on an exchange;
•
The
value of convertible securities may be adversely affected by changes in interest rates, as well as the market price and volatility of
the underlying security;
•
Derivative
investments have risks, including the imperfect correlation between the value of such instruments and the underlying assets of the Fund;
•
The
Fund may be materially adversely affected by market, economic and political conditions, public health emergencies (e.g.
the coronavirus outbreak, epidemics and other pandemics), wars and supply chain disruptions, globally and in the jurisdictions and sectors
in which the Fund invests;
•
Non-U.S.
securities may be traded in undeveloped, inefficient and less liquid markets and may experience greater price volatility and changes in
value;
•
Changes
in foreign currency exchange rates may adversely affect the U.S. dollar value of and returns on foreign denominated investments;
•
Credit
intermediation involving entities and activities outside the regular banking system (i.e.,
the “shadow banking system” in Europe) could result in increased regulatory and operating costs, which could adversely affect
the implementation of the Fund’s investment strategies, income and returns;
•
U.S.
and global markets recently have experienced increased volatility and inflation;
•
Legal
and regulatory changes could occur, which may materially adversely affect the Fund;
•
The
Fund is a diversified, closed-end investment company;
•
The
Fund’s ability to grow depends on its ability to raise capital;
•
The
Fund may borrow money, including through the use of Preferred Shares, which magnifies the potential for gain or loss on amounts invested,
subjects the Fund to certain covenants with which it must comply and may increase the risk of investing with the Fund;
•
The
Fund operates in a highly competitive market for investment opportunities;
•
The
Fund is exposed to risks associated with changes in interest rates;
•
The
Fund’s financial condition and results of operations could be negatively affected if a significant investment fails to perform as
expected;
•
There
are significant and potential conflicts of interest that could impact the Fund’s investment returns;
•
To
qualify and remain eligible for the special tax treatment accorded to RICs and their shareholders under the Code, the Fund must meet certain
source-of-income,
asset diversification and annual distribution requirements, and failure to do so could result in the loss of RIC status.
Accordingly,
the Fund should be considered a speculative investment that entails substantial risks, and a prospective investor should invest in the
Fund only if they can sustain a complete loss of their investment.
SUMMARY
OF FEES AND EXPENSES
The
following table illustrates the aggregate fees and expenses that the Fund expects to incur and that Shareholders can expect to bear directly
or indirectly.
SHAREHOLDER
TRANSACTION EXPENSES |
|
|
A
Share |
|
|
C
Share |
|
Maximum
sales load imposed on purchases(1)
|
|
|
|
|
5.75 |
|
|
|
|
|
None |
|
|
Maximum
contingent deferred sales charge(2)
|
|
|
|
|
None |
|
|
|
|
|
1.00 |
% |
|
ANNUAL
FUND EXPENSES(3) (as
a percentage of projected average net assets attributable to Shares) |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Management
fee(4) |
|
|
|
|
1.79 |
|
|
|
|
|
1.79 |
% |
|
Incentive
fee(5) |
|
|
|
|
1.19% |
|
|
|
|
|
0.98% |
|
|
Interest
payments on borrowed funds(6)
|
|
|
|
|
1.84% |
|
|
|
|
|
1.84% |
|
|
Other expenses(7)
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Shareholder
servicing fee(8)
|
|
|
|
|
0.25 |
|
|
|
|
|
0.25 |
% |
|
Distribution
fee |
|
|
|
|
None |
|
|
|
|
|
0.75 |
%(9) |
|
Remaining
other expenses |
|
|
|
|
0.54 |
|
|
|
|
|
0.54 |
% |
|
Total annual
fund expenses |
|
|
|
|
5.61 |
|
|
|
|
|
6.15 |
% |
|
(1)
Investors
purchasing Class A Shares may be charged a sales load of up to 5.75% of the investor’s subscription. The table assumes the
maximum sales load is charged. The Distributor may, in its discretion, waive all or a portion of the sales load for certain investors.
See “Plan of Distribution.”
(2)
Class C
Shareholders may be subject to a contingent deferred sales charge on shares redeemed during the first 365 days after their purchase.
(3)
This
table assumes that the Fund borrows money for investment purposes at an average amount of 42.60% of its net assets (the actual average
amount of its borrowings, including outstanding Preferred Shares, during the twelve-month period ended March 31, 2023).
(4)
The
Management Fee paid by the Fund is calculated at the annual rate of 1.25% of the average daily value of the Fund’s Managed Assets
which includes assets purchased with borrowed money. The table above assumes that the Fund borrows money for investment purposes at an
average amount of 42.60% of its net assets (the actual average amount of its borrowings, including outstanding Preferred Shares, during
the twelve-month period ended March 31, 2023). The Management Fee estimate in the table is greater than 1.25% since it is computed
as a percentage of the Fund’s net assets for presentation therein. In addition, if the Fund’s leverage exceeds this 42.60%
borrowings-to-net assets ratio through additional borrowings (including the issuance of additional Preferred Shares), then the Management
Fee in relation to its net assets would be higher than the estimate presented in the table.
(5)
The
Fund anticipates that it may have interest income that could result in the payment of an Incentive Fee to the Advisor during certain periods.
However, the Incentive Fee is based on the Fund’s performance and will not be paid unless the Fund achieves certain performance
targets. The Fund expects the Incentive Fee the Fund pays to increase to the extent the Fund earns greater interest income through its
investments. The Incentive Fee is calculated and payable quarterly in arrears based upon “pre-incentive fee net investment income”
attributable to each class of the Fund’s Shares for the immediately preceding fiscal quarter, and is subject to a hurdle rate, expressed
as a rate of return on each class’s average daily net asset value (calculated in accordance with GAAP), equal to 1.50% per quarter,
or an annualized hurdle rate of 6.00%, subject to a “catch-up” feature. The amount presented in this table reflects the Incentive
Fee incurred as a percent of average net assets for the twelve-month period ended March 31, 2023. See “Management and
Incentive Fees” for a full explanation of how the Incentive Fee is calculated.
(6)
The
amount shown in the table above is based on the assumption that the Fund borrows money for investment purposes at an average amount of
42.60% of its net assets (the actual average amount of its
borrowings,
including outstanding Preferred Shares, during the twelve-month period ended March 31, 2023), at an estimated annual interest rate
cost to the Fund of 4.34%, which is the weighted average interest rate cost during the twelve-month period ended March 31, 2023,
including dividends payable on the Fund’s MRP Shares, which, in the aggregate, have an average interest rate of 2.98% per annum
as of March 31, 2023. The actual amount of interest expense borne by the Fund will vary over time in accordance with the level of
the Fund’s use of borrowings and/or Preferred Shares and variations in market interest rates. See “Investment Objective, Opportunities
and Strategies — Leverage.”
(7)
Other
expenses include accounting, legal and auditing fees of the Fund, and offering costs, as well as the reimbursement of the compensation
of administrative personnel and fees payable to the Independent Trustees. The amount presented in the table is estimated for the twelve-month
period beginning April 1, 2023 based on amounts incurred in the twelve-month period ended March 31, 2023.
(8)
Class A
Shares and Class C Shares may charge a shareholder servicing fee of up to 0.25% per year. The Fund may use this fee to compensate
Financial Intermediaries or financial institutions for providing ongoing services in respect of clients with whom they have distributed
Shares of the Fund. Such services may include electronic processing of client orders, electronic fund transfers between clients and the
Fund, account reconciliations with the Fund’s transfer agent, facilitation of electronic delivery to clients of Fund documentation,
monitoring client accounts for back-up withholding and any other special tax reporting obligations, maintenance of books and records with
respect to the foregoing, and such other information and liaison services as the Fund or CAM may reasonably request.
(9)
Class C
Shares will pay to the Distributor a Distribution Fee that will accrue at an annual rate equal to 0.75% of the average daily net assets
attributable to Class C Shares and is payable on a quarterly basis. See “Plan of Distribution.”
Example:
The
following example demonstrates the projected dollar amount of total expenses that would be incurred over various periods with respect
to a hypothetical investment in Shares. In calculating the following expense amounts, the Fund has assumed its direct and indirect annual
operating expenses would remain at the percentage levels set forth in the table above and do not include any expense support from
the Advisor.
An
investor would pay the following expenses on a $1,000 investment, assuming a 5.0% annual return:
Share
Class |
|
|
1
Year |
|
|
3
Years |
|
|
5
Years |
|
|
10
Years |
|
Class A
|
|
|
|
$ |
110 |
|
|
|
|
$ |
215 |
|
|
|
|
$ |
318 |
|
|
|
|
$ |
570 |
|
|
Class C
|
|
|
|
$ |
61 |
|
|
|
|
$ |
181 |
|
|
|
|
$ |
299 |
|
|
|
|
$ |
581 |
|
|
An
investor would pay the following expenses on a $1,000 investment, assuming a 5.0% annual return, and redeem Shares in full at the end
of such period:
Share
Class |
|
|
1
Year |
|
|
3
Years |
|
|
5
Years |
|
|
10
Years |
|
Class C*
|
|
|
|
$ |
71 |
|
|
|
|
$ |
181 |
|
|
|
|
$ |
299 |
|
|
|
|
$ |
581 |
|
|
*
If
the contingent deferred sales charge applies. See “Contingent Deferred Sales Charge” under “Share Repurchase Program.”
If the contingent deferred sales charge does not apply, the hypothetical expenses you would pay on $1,000 investment in Class C Shares
would be $61, assuming annual expenses attributable to Shares remain unchanged, Shares earn a 5% annual return, and you redeemed your
shares in full at the end of the 1-year period.
The
example and the expenses in the tables above should not be considered a representation of the Fund’s future expenses, and actual
expenses may be greater or less than those shown. While the example assumes
a 5.0% annual return, as required by the SEC, the Fund’s performance will vary and may result in a return greater or less than 5.0%.
For a more complete description of the various fees and expenses borne directly and indirectly by the Fund, see “Fund Expenses”
and “Management and Incentive Fees.”
FINANCIAL
HIGHLIGHTS
The
financial highlights table is intended to help you understand the Fund’s financial performance. The information for the fiscal years
and/or periods ended 2022, 2021, 2020, 2019 and 2018 has been derived from the Fund’s financial statements, which have been audited
by Ernst & Young LLP, an independent registered public accounting firm, whose report, along with this information and additional Fund
performance and portfolio information, appears in the Fund’s Annual Report dated December 31, 2022. To request the Fund’s
Annual Report, please call 888-729-4266. The tables below set forth financial data for one Class A Share and one Class C Share
throughout the periods presented.
CION
Ares Diversified Credit Fund
Financial Highlights
(in thousands,
except per share data, percentages and as otherwise noted)
|
|
|
For the Year
Ended December 31, 2022 |
|
|
For the Year
Ended December 31, 2021 |
|
|
For the Year
Ended December 31, 2020 |
|
|
For the Period
Ended December 31, 2019* |
|
|
For the Year
Ended October 31, 2019 |
|
|
For the Year
Ended October 31, 2018 |
|
|
For the Period
from January 26, 2017 (commencement of operations) to October 31, 2017
|
|
Class A |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Per
share data: |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Net
asset value, beginning of period |
|
|
|
$ |
25.75 |
|
|
|
|
$ |
25.13 |
|
|
|
|
$ |
25.93 |
|
|
|
|
$ |
25.44 |
|
|
|
|
$ |
25.80 |
|
|
|
|
$ |
25.25 |
|
|
|
|
$ |
25.00 |
|
|
Income
from investment operations: |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Net investment
income(a) |
|
|
|
|
1.62 |
|
|
|
|
|
1.46 |
|
|
|
|
|
1.40 |
|
|
|
|
|
0.23 |
|
|
|
|
|
1.39 |
|
|
|
|
|
1.52 |
|
|
|
|
|
0.86 |
|
|
Net
realized and unrealized gains (losses) |
|
|
|
|
(2.09) |
|
|
|
|
|
0.55 |
|
|
|
|
|
(0.80) |
|
|
|
|
|
0.49 |
|
|
|
|
|
(0.36) |
|
|
|
|
|
0.42 |
|
|
|
|
|
0.44 |
|
|
Total
income (loss) from investment operations |
|
|
|
|
(0.47) |
|
|
|
|
|
2.01 |
|
|
|
|
|
0.60 |
|
|
|
|
|
0.72 |
|
|
|
|
|
1.03 |
|
|
|
|
|
1.94 |
|
|
|
|
|
1.30 |
|
|
Less
distributions declared to shareholders: |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
From
net investment income |
|
|
|
|
(1.42) |
|
|
|
|
|
(1.39) |
|
|
|
|
|
(1.40) |
|
|
|
|
|
(0.23) |
|
|
|
|
|
(1.39) |
|
|
|
|
|
(1.39) |
|
|
|
|
|
(0.86) |
|
|
From
net realized gains on investments |
|
|
|
|
— |
|
|
|
|
|
— |
|
|
|
|
|
— |
|
|
|
|
|
— |
|
|
|
|
|
— |
|
|
|
|
|
— |
|
|
|
|
|
(0.12) |
|
|
From
net unrealized gains on investments and foreign currency |
|
|
|
|
— |
|
|
|
|
|
— |
|
|
|
|
|
— |
|
|
|
|
|
— |
|
|
|
|
|
— |
|
|
|
|
|
— |
|
|
|
|
|
(0.07) |
|
|
Total
distributions |
|
|
|
|
(1.42) |
|
|
|
|
|
(1.39) |
|
|
|
|
|
(1.40) |
|
|
|
|
|
(0.23) |
|
|
|
|
|
(1.39) |
|
|
|
|
|
(1.39) |
|
|
|
|
|
(1.05) |
|
|
Net asset
value, end of period |
|
|
|
$ |
23.86 |
|
|
|
|
$ |
25.75 |
|
|
|
|
$ |
25.13 |
|
|
|
|
$ |
25.93 |
|
|
|
|
$ |
25.44 |
|
|
|
|
$ |
25.80 |
|
|
|
|
$ |
25.25 |
|
|
Total
return, excluding expense support(b)
|
|
|
|
|
(1.70)% |
|
|
|
|
|
8.93% |
|
|
|
|
|
3.61% |
|
|
|
|
|
2.86%(c) |
|
|
|
|
|
4.37% |
|
|
|
|
|
(2.44)% |
|
|
|
|
|
(37.12)%(c) |
|
|
Total
return, including expense support(d)
|
|
|
|
|
(1.84)% |
|
|
|
|
|
8.21% |
|
|
|
|
|
2.77% |
|
|
|
|
|
2.86%(c) |
|
|
|
|
|
4.10% |
|
|
|
|
|
7.91% |
|
|
|
|
|
5.32%(c) |
|
|
Ratios
to average net assets/ supplemental data: |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Net assets,
end of period |
|
|
|
$ |
58,829 |
|
|
|
|
$ |
62,031 |
|
|
|
|
$ |
58,881 |
|
|
|
|
$ |
60,203 |
|
|
|
|
$ |
54,386 |
|
|
|
|
$ |
37,915 |
|
|
|
|
$ |
12,865 |
|
|
Including
interest expense: |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Expenses,
excluding expense support(e)(h)
|
|
|
|
|
4.92%(i) |
|
|
|
|
|
3.11%(i) |
|
|
|
|
|
3.44% |
|
|
|
|
|
4.01%(f) |
|
|
|
|
|
4.03% |
|
|
|
|
|
5.98% |
|
|
|
|
|
58.85%(f) |
|
|
Expenses,
including expense support(e)(g)(h)
|
|
|
|
|
5.06%(i) |
|
|
|
|
|
3.83%(i) |
|
|
|
|
|
4.28% |
|
|
|
|
|
4.01%(f) |
|
|
|
|
|
4.30% |
|
|
|
|
|
0.34% |
|
|
|
|
|
0.00%(f) |
|
|
|
|
|
For the Year
Ended December 31, 2022 |
|
|
For the Year
Ended December 31, 2021 |
|
|
For the Year
Ended December 31, 2020 |
|
|
For the Period
Ended December 31, 2019* |
|
|
For the Year
Ended October 31, 2019 |
|
|
For the Year
Ended October 31, 2018 |
|
|
For the Period
from January 26, 2017 (commencement of operations) to October 31, 2017
|
|
Excluding
interest expense: |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Expenses,
excluding expense support(h)
|
|
|
|
|
3.40% |
|
|
|
|
|
2.46% |
|
|
|
|
|
2.90% |
|
|
|
|
|
3.33%(f) |
|
|
|
|
|
3.38% |
|
|
|
|
|
5.97% |
|
|
|
|
|
58.85%(f) |
|
|
Expenses,
including expense support(g)(h)
|
|
|
|
|
3.54% |
|
|
|
|
|
3.18% |
|
|
|
|
|
3.73% |
|
|
|
|
|
3.33%(f) |
|
|
|
|
|
3.65% |
|
|
|
|
|
0.33% |
|
|
|
|
|
0.00%(f) |
|
|
Net investment
income(e) |
|
|
|
|
6.53% |
|
|
|
|
|
5.72% |
|
|
|
|
|
5.86% |
|
|
|
|
|
5.27%(f) |
|
|
|
|
|
5.56% |
|
|
|
|
|
5.91% |
|
|
|
|
|
4.48%(f) |
|
|
Portfolio
turnover rate |
|
|
|
|
38.16% |
|
|
|
|
|
43.72% |
|
|
|
|
|
59.77% |
|
|
|
|
|
5.42%(c) |
|
|
|
|
|
63.58% |
|
|
|
|
|
28.36% |
|
|
|
|
|
164.09%(c) |
|
|
*
For
the two month period ended December 31, 2019.
(a)
Per
share net investment income has been calculated using the average shares outstanding during the period.
(b)
Based
on net asset value per share. Distributions, if any, are assumed for purposes of this calculation to be reinvested at prices obtained
under the Fund’s Dividend Reinvestment Plan. Total Return is not annualized for periods less than one year. Total return excludes
expense support provided or recouped by the Advisor.
(c)
Not
annualized.
(d)
Based
on net asset value per share. Distributions, if any, are assumed for purposes of this calculation to be reinvested at prices obtained
under the Fund’s Dividend Reinvestment Plan. Total Return is not annualized for periods less than one year. Total return includes
expense support provided or (recouped) by the Advisor.
(e)
Includes
organizational and offering costs.
(f)
Annualized,
except for certain non-recurring costs.
(g)
Includes
expense support provided or recouped by the Advisor.
(h)
For
the year ended December 31, 2022, the ratio of operating expenses to average net assets consisted of 1.77% of base management fees,
0.79% of incentive fee, 1.52% of the cost of borrowing, 0.14% of net expense support and 0.84% of other operating expenses. For the year
ended December 31, 2021, the ratio of operating expenses to average net assets consisted of 1.58% of base management fees, 0.65%
of the cost of borrowing, 0.72% of net expense support and 0.88% of other operating expenses. For the year ended December 31, 2020,
the ratio of operating expenses to average net assets consisted of 1.56% of base management fees, 0.54% of the cost of borrowing, 0.84%
of net expense support and 1.35% of other operating expenses. For the period ended December 31, 2019, the ratio of operating expenses
to average net assets consisted of 1.56% of base management fees, 0.68% of the cost of borrowing, 0.00% of net expense support and 1.77%
of other operating expenses. For the year ended October 31, 2019, the ratio of operating expenses to average net assets consisted
of 1.47% of base management fees, 0.65% of the cost of borrowing, 0.27% of net expense support and 1.91% of other operating expenses.
For the year ended October 31, 2018, the ratio of operating expenses to average net assets consisted of 1.49% of base management
fees, 0.00% of the cost of borrowing, (5.91)% of net expense support and 4.76% of other operating expenses. For the period ended October 31,
2017, the ratio of operating expenses to average net assets consisted of 1.49% of base management fees, 0.00% of the cost of borrowing,
(56.68)% of net expense support and 55.19% of other operating expenses.
(i)
Includes
stated dividends and amortization of deferred issuance costs on the MRP Shares.
CION
Ares Diversified Credit Fund
Financial Highlights
(in thousands,
except per share data, percentages and as otherwise noted)
|
|
|
For the Year
Ended December 31, 2022 |
|
|
For the Year
Ended December 31, 2021 |
|
|
For the Year
Ended December 31, 2020 |
|
|
For the Period
Ended December 31, 2019* |
|
|
For the Year
Ended October 31, 2019 |
|
|
For the Year
Ended October 31, 2018 |
|
|
For the Period
from July 12, 2017 (commencement of operations) to October 31, 2017 |
|
Class C |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Per
share data: |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Net
asset value, beginning of period |
|
|
|
$ |
25.65 |
|
|
|
|
$ |
25.05 |
|
|
|
|
$ |
25.90 |
|
|
|
|
$ |
25.44 |
|
|
|
|
$ |
25.80 |
|
|
|
|
$ |
25.25 |
|
|
|
|
$ |
24.95 |
|
|
Income
from investment operations: |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Net investment
income(a) |
|
|
|
|
1.48 |
|
|
|
|
|
1.43 |
|
|
|
|
|
1.35 |
|
|
|
|
|
0.19 |
|
|
|
|
|
1.39 |
|
|
|
|
|
1.52 |
|
|
|
|
|
0.39 |
|
|
Net
realized and unrealized gains (losses) |
|
|
|
|
(2.08) |
|
|
|
|
|
0.56 |
|
|
|
|
|
(0.80) |
|
|
|
|
|
0.50 |
|
|
|
|
|
(0.36) |
|
|
|
|
|
0.42 |
|
|
|
|
|
0.33 |
|
|
Total
income (loss) from investment operations |
|
|
|
|
(0.60) |
|
|
|
|
|
1.99 |
|
|
|
|
|
0.55 |
|
|
|
|
|
0.69 |
|
|
|
|
|
1.03 |
|
|
|
|
|
1.94 |
|
|
|
|
|
0.72 |
|
|
Less
distributions declared to shareholders: |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
From
net investment income |
|
|
|
|
(1.39) |
|
|
|
|
|
(1.39) |
|
|
|
|
|
(1.40) |
|
|
|
|
|
(0.23) |
|
|
|
|
|
(1.39) |
|
|
|
|
|
(1.39) |
|
|
|
|
|
(0.39) |
|
|
From
net realized gains on investments |
|
|
|
|
— |
|
|
|
|
|
— |
|
|
|
|
|
— |
|
|
|
|
|
— |
|
|
|
|
|
— |
|
|
|
|
|
— |
|
|
|
|
|
(0.02) |
|
|
From
net unrealized gains on investments and foreign currency |
|
|
|
|
— |
|
|
|
|
|
— |
|
|
|
|
|
— |
|
|
|
|
|
— |
|
|
|
|
|
— |
|
|
|
|
|
— |
|
|
|
|
|
(0.01) |
|
|
Total
distributions |
|
|
|
|
(1.39) |
|
|
|
|
|
(1.39) |
|
|
|
|
|
(1.40) |
|
|
|
|
|
(0.23) |
|
|
|
|
|
(1.39) |
|
|
|
|
|
(1.39) |
|
|
|
|
|
(0.42) |
|
|
Net asset
value, end of period |
|
|
|
$ |
23.66 |
|
|
|
|
$ |
25.65 |
|
|
|
|
$ |
25.05 |
|
|
|
|
$ |
25.90 |
|
|
|
|
$ |
25.44 |
|
|
|
|
$ |
25.80 |
|
|
|
|
$ |
25.25 |
|
|
Total
return, excluding expense support(b)
|
|
|
|
|
(2.31)% |
|
|
|
|
|
8.20% |
|
|
|
|
|
2.81% |
|
|
|
|
|
2.74%(c) |
|
|
|
|
|
3.70% |
|
|
|
|
|
(3.19)% |
|
|
|
|
|
(3.56)%(c) |
|
|
Total
return, including expense support(d)
|
|
|
|
|
(2.42)% |
|
|
|
|
|
8.16% |
|
|
|
|
|
2.57% |
|
|
|
|
|
2.74%(c) |
|
|
|
|
|
4.10% |
|
|
|
|
|
7.91% |
|
|
|
|
|
2.95%(c) |
|
|
Ratios
to average net assets/ supplemental data: |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Net assets,
end of period |
|
|
|
$ |
73,573 |
|
|
|
|
$ |
77,361 |
|
|
|
|
$ |
68,039 |
|
|
|
|
$ |
65,779 |
|
|
|
|
$ |
59,912 |
|
|
|
|
$ |
29,868 |
|
|
|
|
$ |
3,898 |
|
|
Including
interest expense: |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Expenses,
excluding expense support(e)(h)
|
|
|
|
|
5.50%(i) |
|
|
|
|
|
3.87%(i) |
|
|
|
|
|
4.18% |
|
|
|
|
|
4.76%(f) |
|
|
|
|
|
4.82% |
|
|
|
|
|
6.73% |
|
|
|
|
|
25.59%(f) |
|
|
Expenses,
including expense support(e)(g)(h)
|
|
|
|
|
5.61%(i) |
|
|
|
|
|
3.91%(i) |
|
|
|
|
|
4.41% |
|
|
|
|
|
4.76%(f) |
|
|
|
|
|
4.42% |
|
|
|
|
|
0.34% |
|
|
|
|
|
0.00%(f) |
|
|
Excluding
interest expense: |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Expenses,
excluding expense support(h)
|
|
|
|
|
3.98% |
|
|
|
|
|
3.22% |
|
|
|
|
|
3.64% |
|
|
|
|
|
4.07%(f) |
|
|
|
|
|
4.15% |
|
|
|
|
|
6.72% |
|
|
|
|
|
22.59%(f) |
|
|
Expenses,
including expense support(g)(h)
|
|
|
|
|
4.09% |
|
|
|
|
|
3.26% |
|
|
|
|
|
3.88% |
|
|
|
|
|
4.07%(f) |
|
|
|
|
|
3.75% |
|
|
|
|
|
0.33% |
|
|
|
|
|
0.00%(f) |
|
|
Net investment
income(e) |
|
|
|
|
5.99% |
|
|
|
|
|
5.65% |
|
|
|
|
|
5.66% |
|
|
|
|
|
4.52%(f) |
|
|
|
|
|
5.48% |
|
|
|
|
|
5.91% |
|
|
|
|
|
5.17%(f) |
|
|
Portfolio
turnover rate |
|
|
|
|
38.16% |
|
|
|
|
|
43.72% |
|
|
|
|
|
59.77% |
|
|
|
|
|
5.42%(c) |
|
|
|
|
|
63.58% |
|
|
|
|
|
28.36% |
|
|
|
|
|
164.09%(c) |
|
|
*
For
the two month period ended December 31, 2019.
(a)
Per
share net investment income has been calculated using the average shares outstanding during the period.
(b)
Based
on net asset value per share. Distributions, if any, are assumed for purposes of this calculation to be reinvested at prices obtained
under the Fund’s Dividend Reinvestment Plan. Total Return is not annualized for periods less than one year. Total return excludes
expense support provided or recouped by the Advisor.
(c)
Not
annualized.
(d)
Based
on net asset value per share. Distributions, if any, are assumed for purposes of this calculation to be reinvested at prices obtained
under the Fund’s Dividend Reinvestment Plan. Total Return is not annualized for periods less than one year. Total return includes
expense support provided or (recouped) by the Advisor.
(e)
Includes
organizational and offering costs.
(f)
Annualized,
except for certain non-recurring costs.
(g)
Includes
expense support provided or recouped by the Advisor.
(h)
For
the year ended December 31, 2022, the ratio of operating expenses to average net assets consisted of 1.77% of base management fees,
0.61% of incentive fee, 1.52% of the cost of borrowing, 0.11% of net expense support and 1.60% of other operating expenses. For the year
ended December 31, 2021, the ratio of operating expenses to average net assets consisted of 1.58% of base management fees, 0.65%
of the cost of borrowing, 0.04% of net expense support and 1.64% of other operating expenses. For the year ended December 31, 2020,
the ratio of operating expenses to average net assets consisted of 1.56% of base management fees, 0.52% of the cost of borrowing, 0.24%
of net expense support and 2.09% of other operating expenses. For the period ended December 31, 2019, the ratio of operating expenses
to average net assets consisted of 1.56% of base management fees, 0.68% of the cost of borrowing, 0.00% of net expense support and 2.52%
of other operating expenses. For the year ended October 31, 2019, the ratio of operating expenses to average net assets consisted
of 1.47% of base management fees, 0.67% of the cost of borrowing, (0.40)% of net expense support and 2.67% of other operating expenses.
For the year ended October 31, 2018, the ratio of operating expenses to average net assets consisted of 1.49% of base management
fees, 0.00% of the cost of borrowing, (6.20)% of net expense support and 5.05% of other operating expenses. For the period ended October 31,
2017, the ratio of operating expenses to average net assets consisted of 1.49% of base management fees, 0.00% of the cost of borrowing,
(33.93)% of net expense support and 32.44% of other operating expenses.
(i)
Includes
stated dividends and amortization of deferred issuance costs on the MRP Shares.
SENIOR
SECURITIES
Information
about the Fund’s senior securities as of December 31, 2022, December 31, 2021, December 31, 2020, December 31, 2019 and October
31, 2019 is shown in the following table. There were no senior securities outstanding as of October 31, 2018 or October 31, 2017. The
information contained in the following table is derived from the Fund’s Annual Report dated December 31, 2022.
Class and Period
Ended |
|
|
Total Amount Outstanding Exclusive
of Treasury Securities(1) (in
thousands) |
|
|
Asset Coverage Per
Unit(2) ($)
|
|
|
Involuntary Liquidating Preference per
Unit(3)
|
|
|
Average Market Value per
Unit(4)
|
|
Revolving
Credit Facility (Wells Fargo Bank, N.A.) |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
December 31, 2022
|
|
|
|
$ |
348,844 |
|
|
|
|
|
5,299 |
|
|
|
|
|
— |
|
|
|
|
|
N/A |
|
|
December 31, 2021
|
|
|
|
$ |
225,664 |
|
|
|
|
|
6,461 |
|
|
|
|
|
— |
|
|
|
|
|
N/A |
|
|
December 31, 2020
|
|
|
|
$ |
77,025 |
|
|
|
|
|
6,233 |
|
|
|
|
|
— |
|
|
|
|
|
N/A |
|
|
December 31, 2019
|
|
|
|
$ |
19,054 |
|
|
|
|
|
5,383 |
|
|
|
|
|
— |
|
|
|
|
|
N/A |
|
|
October 31, 2019
|
|
|
|
$ |
19,397 |
|
|
|
|
|
3,847 |
|
|
|
|
|
— |
|
|
|
|
|
N/A |
|
|
Revolving
Credit Facility (State Street Bank and Trust Company) |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
December 31, 2022
|
|
|
|
$ |
317,201 |
|
|
|
|
|
5,299 |
|
|
|
|
|
— |
|
|
|
|
|
N/A |
|
|
December 31, 2021
|
|
|
|
$ |
176,803 |
|
|
|
|
|
6,461 |
|
|
|
|
|
— |
|
|
|
|
|
N/A |
|
|
December 31, 2020
|
|
|
|
$ |
111,283 |
|
|
|
|
|
6,233 |
|
|
|
|
|
— |
|
|
|
|
|
N/A |
|
|
December 31, 2019
|
|
|
|
$ |
110,387 |
|
|
|
|
|
5,383 |
|
|
|
|
|
— |
|
|
|
|
|
N/A |
|
|
October 31, 2019
|
|
|
|
$ |
144,357 |
|
|
|
|
|
3,847 |
|
|
|
|
|
— |
|
|
|
|
|
N/A |
|
|
Mandatory
Redeemable Preferred Shares* |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
December 31, 2022
|
|
|
|
$ |
420,000 |
|
|
|
|
|
81.52 |
|
|
|
|
$ |
25.00 |
|
|
|
|
|
N/A |
|
|
December 31, 2021
|
|
|
|
$ |
300,000 |
|
|
|
|
|
93.11 |
|
|
|
|
$ |
25.00 |
|
|
|
|
|
N/A |
|
|
*
There
were no mandatory redeemable preferred shares outstanding as of December 31, 2020, December 31, 2019 and October 31, 2019.
(1)
Total
amount of each class of senior securities outstanding at principal value at the end of the period presented.
(2)
The
asset coverage ratio for a class of senior securities representing indebtedness is calculated as our consolidated total assets, less all
liabilities and indebtedness not represented by senior securities, divided by total senior securities representing indebtedness as calculated
separately for each of the Preferred Shares and the credit facilities in accordance with Section 18(h) of the 1940 Act. With respect to
the Preferred Shares, the asset coverage per unit figure is expressed in terms of dollar amounts per share of outstanding Preferred Shares
(based on a per share liquidation preference of $25). With respect to the credit facilities, the asset coverage ratio is multiplied by
$1,000 to determine the “Asset Coverage Per Unit”.
(3)
The
amount to which such class of senior security would be entitled upon our involuntary liquidation in preference to any security junior
to it. The “— “ in this column indicates that the SEC expressly does not require this information to be disclosed for
certain types of senior securities.
(4)
Not
applicable to senior securities outstanding as of period end.
THE
FUND
The
Fund is a diversified, closed-end management investment company that is registered under the 1940 Act. The Fund is structured as an “interval
fund” and continuously offers its Shares. The Fund was organized as a Delaware statutory trust on June 21, 2016. The principal
office of the Fund is located at 100 Park Avenue, 25th Floor, New York, NY 10017 and its telephone number is 212-418-4700.
The
Fund’s investment objective is to provide superior risk-adjusted returns across various market cycles by investing in a diversified
portfolio of liquid and illiquid asset classes. The Fund seeks to capitalize on market inefficiencies and relative value opportunities
throughout the entire global credit spectrum.
The
Fund invests primarily in a portfolio of directly originated loans, secured floating and fixed rate syndicated loans, corporate bonds,
asset-backed securities, commercial real estate loans and other types of credit instruments, which, under normal circumstances, will represent
at least 80% of the Fund’s Managed Assets. In addition, the Fund invests primarily in those countries where creditors’ rights
are protected by law, such as countries in North America and Western Europe, although in select situations the Fund may invest in securities
of issuers domiciled elsewhere. The geographic areas of focus are subject to change from time to time and may be changed without notice
to Shareholders. There is no minimum or maximum limit on the amount of the Fund’s assets that may be invested in non-U.S. securities.
The
Fund seeks to achieve its investment objective by employing an opportunistic, dynamic and untethered global credit investments strategy
based on absolute and relative value considerations and its analysis of credit markets. It seeks risk-adjusted returns over full market
cycles by creating and managing a portfolio with balanced exposures to multiple industry sectors and geographic regions, systematically
allocating capital across multiple segments of the global fixed-income markets, including U.S. and non-U.S. credit instruments. For a
further discussion of the Fund’s principal investment strategies, see “Investment Objective, Opportunities and Strategies.”
There can be no assurance that the Fund will achieve its investment objective.
The
Fund’s investment advisor is CAM. Ares Capital is the Fund’s investment sub-advisor. CAM oversees the management of the Fund’s
activities and is responsible for making investment decisions for the Fund’s portfolio with recommendations and support from Ares
Capital. See “The Advisor and Sub-Advisor.” Responsibility for monitoring and overseeing the Fund’s investment program,
management and operation is vested in the individuals who serve on the Board.
THE
ADVISOR AND SUB-ADVISOR
CAM,
an investment advisor registered with the SEC under the Advisers Act, serves as the Advisor. CAM is a joint venture between affiliates
of Ares and CION and is controlled by Ares.
CION
is a leading manager of alternative investment solutions that focuses on alternative credit strategies for individual investors. CION
manages CION Investment Corporation (“CIC”), a leading publicly traded business development company with approximately $1.9 billion
in total assets as of December 31, 2022, and sponsors, through CAM, the Fund. Its affiliated broker-dealer, CION Securities, provides
distribution services and has entered into a wholesale marketing agreement with the Distributor and a dealer manager agreement with the
Fund. The dealer manager arrangement is applicable only to certain share classes of the Fund.
Ares
Capital, an investment advisor registered with the SEC under the Advisers Act, serves as the Sub-Advisor. Ares is a publicly traded, leading
global alternative investment manager with over 2,550 employees. Ares had approximately $352.0 billion in assets under management
(“AUM”) as of December 31, 2022, of which approximately $214.2 billion was related to its credit business, across
a diverse platform that it manages on behalf of organizations including but not limited to pension and endowment funds, sovereign wealth
funds, financial institutions, insurance companies and individual investors.*
*
As
of December 31, 2022, AUM amounts include funds managed by Ivy Hill Asset Management, L.P., a wholly owned portfolio company of Ares
Capital Corporation (“ARCC”) and a registered investment advisor.
USE
OF PROCEEDS
The
proceeds from the sale of Shares, not including the amount of any applicable sales loads paid by investors net of the Fund’s fees
and expenses, are invested by the Fund to pursue its investment program and strategies. The Fund expects to invest the proceeds obtained
by it promptly after receipt of such proceeds.
INVESTMENT
OBJECTIVE, OPPORTUNITIES AND STRATEGIES
Investment
Objective
The
Fund’s investment objective is to provide superior risk-adjusted returns across various market cycles by investing in a diversified
portfolio of liquid and illiquid asset classes. The Fund seeks to capitalize on market inefficiencies and relative value opportunities
throughout the entire global credit spectrum. There can be no assurance that the Fund will achieve its investment objective.
Investment
Opportunities and Strategies
The
Fund invests primarily in a portfolio of directly originated loans, secured floating and fixed rate syndicated loans, corporate bonds,
asset-backed securities, commercial real estate loans and other types of credit instruments, which, under normal circumstances, will represent
at least 80% of the Fund’s Managed Assets. For purposes of this policy, “credit instruments” may include commercial
real estate mezzanine loans, real estate mortgages, distressed securities, notes, bills, debentures, bank loans, convertible and preferred
securities, government and municipal obligations. The Fund may also invest in foreign instruments and illiquid and restricted securities.
Opportunistic,
Flexible, Untethered Credit Investments Strategy. The Advisors intend to employ
an opportunistic, flexible and untethered global credit investments strategy based on absolute and relative value considerations and their
analysis of the credit markets. The Advisors seek risk-adjusted returns over full market cycles by creating and managing a portfolio with
balanced exposures to multiple industry sectors and geographic regions. The Advisors will make tactical allocations of assets across multiple
segments of the global fixed-income markets, including U.S. and non-U.S. credit instruments. It is anticipated that most of the Fund’s
investments will be rated below investment grade or would be rated below investment grade if they were rated. Non-investment grade fixed
income securities, also known as “junk bonds”, are considered speculative. Some of the credit instruments will have no credit
rating at all. The Fund is untethered to benchmark-specific guidelines, thereby providing the Advisors with significant latitude to invest
where they see opportunities and to reduce exposure to areas where they see less value or heightened downside risks.
Relative
Value Focus. A primary driver of the Fund’s investment strategy will
be a relative value focus whereby the Advisors seek to identify market dislocations caused by, among other factors, (i) significant
corporate transactional events, such as spinoffs, mergers and acquisitions, industry consolidations, liquidations, reorganizations, bankruptcies,
recapitalizations and share buybacks and other extraordinary corporate transactions; (ii) market inefficiencies resulting from the
misunderstanding by the broader investment community of a particular company or industry, which misunderstanding results in the income
of such investment reflecting a higher risk premium or the market price of such investment reflecting a lower value than is deemed warranted
by the Advisors and; (iii) companies experiencing financial stress resulting in a mispricing of their securities either because such
securities pay higher income due to perceived risk or trade at a significant discount to fair value whereby the underlying asset values
limit downside risk and offer meaningful upside potential; and (iv) sell-offs in one or more of the relevant credit markets.
Access
to Ares Transaction Flow. The Advisors intend to benefit from the market presence,
scale, infrastructure and demonstrated investment experience of Ares to gain access to transaction flow and a broad set of investment
opportunities across the non-investment grade credit spectrum. Unlike many other alternative investment managers, Ares operates in a fully
integrated manner and encourages frequent collaboration among its investment professionals. This unique approach allows Ares to draw from
the collective market insight,
industry expertise, contacts and experience of its over 880 investment professionals around the world.
The
Fund intends to focus on what the Advisors believe are the broader Ares platform’s most attractive investment ideas and allocate
investments sourced from Ares’s multi-billion dollar credit platform to achieve its investment objective. As such, the Advisors
have the flexibility to invest where they see opportunities, based on their extensive credit research expertise and analysis of the relevant
credit markets, in a variety of credit instruments with varying yield and risk profiles. Many investment vehicles available for retail
investors do not include certain asset classes that the Fund will invest in such as private asset-backed investments and directly originated
loans, and therefore the Fund offers a differentiated investment opportunity to the retail investor base.
Active
Monitoring and Investing, with Bottom-Up and Top-Down Credit Analysis by Deep and Experienced Team.
The Advisors will actively construct and manage a portfolio of credit investments and, as necessary, periodically rebalance the Fund’s
allocation of assets among different types of credit investments utilizing the Advisors’ strategies to seek to optimize the Fund’s
allocation to achieve the Fund’s investment objective under the market conditions existing at such time.
With respect to each investment
opportunity, the Advisors intend to take a bottom-up and top-down approach to their credit analysis that will focus on each individual
investment as well as global macroeconomic factors and the industry in which the subject entity operates. The Advisors’ investment
process will be rigorous, proactive and continuous, and will emphasize team management. Close monitoring of each investment in the portfolio
provides the basis for making buy, sell and hold decisions. In managing the Fund’s portfolio, the Advisors will utilize their and
the broader Ares platform’s deep and experienced teams of credit specialists to analyze investments and engage in regular and periodic
monitoring of credit risk with a goal toward the early identification, and sale, of credit instruments and other investments with potential
credit problems. This monitoring process may include reviewing (i) an issuer’s financial resources and operating history; (ii) a
comparison of an issuer’s current operating results with the Advisors’ initial investment thesis for the investment and initial
expectations for the performance of the obligation; (iii) an issuer’s sensitivity to economic conditions; (iv) the performance of
an issuer’s management; (v) an issuer’s debt maturities and borrowing requirements; (vi) an issuer’s interest and asset
coverage; and (vii) the relative value of an investment based on an issuer’s anticipated cash flow or where other comparable assets
are trading in the market.
Portfolio Composition
The Fund’s portfolio
will consist of some combination of the following types of investments:
Direct
Lending. The Fund may invest in first lien senior secured loans (including “unitranche”
loans, which are loans that combine both senior and mezzanine debt, generally in a first lien position), second lien senior secured loans
and mezzanine debt, which in some cases includes an equity component, of U.S. and European middle-market companies, where the Advisors
believe the supply of primary capital is limited and the investment opportunities are most attractive. These investments are typically
made to companies with annual EBITDA between $10 million and $250 million. As used herein, EBITDA represents net income before net interest
expense, income tax expense, depreciation and amortization.
Syndicated
Corporate Loans. Syndicated Loans generally hold the most senior position in the capital structure
of a Borrower, are typically secured with specific collateral and have a claim on the assets and/or stock of the Borrower that is senior
to that held by unsecured creditors, subordinated debt holders and holders of equity of the Borrower. Typically, in order to borrow money
pursuant to a Syndicated Loan, a Borrower will, for the term of the Syndicated Loan, pledge collateral (subject to typical exceptions),
including but not limited to (i) working capital assets, such as accounts receivable and inventory; (ii) tangible fixed assets, such as
real property, buildings and equipment; (iii) intangible assets, such as trademarks and patent rights; and (iv) security interests in
shares of stock of subsidiaries or affiliates. In the case of Syndicated Loans made to non-public companies, the company’s shareholders
or owners may provide collateral in the form of secured guarantees and/or security interests in assets that they own. In many instances,
a Syndicated Loan may be secured only by stock in the Borrower or its subsidiaries. Collateral may consist of assets that may not be readily
liquidated, and there is no assurance that the liquidation of such assets would satisfy fully a Borrower’s obligations under a Syndicated
Loan.
A Borrower must comply with
various covenants contained in a loan agreement or note purchase agreement between the Borrower and the holders of the Syndicated Loan
(the “Loan Agreement”). In a typical Syndicated Loan, an administrative agent (the “Agent”) administers the terms
of the Loan Agreement. In such cases, the Agent is normally responsible for the collection of principal and interest payments from the
Borrower and the apportionment of these payments to the credit of all institutions that are parties to the Loan Agreement. The Fund will
generally rely upon the Agent or an intermediate participant to receive and forward to the Fund its portion of the principal and interest
payments on the Syndicated Loan. Additionally, the Fund normally will rely on the Agent and the other loan investors to use appropriate
credit remedies against the Borrower. The Agent is typically responsible for monitoring compliance with covenants contained in the Loan
Agreement based upon reports prepared by the
Borrower. The Agent may monitor the value of the collateral
and, if the value of the collateral declines, may accelerate the Syndicated Loan, may give the Borrower an opportunity to provide additional
collateral or may seek other protection for the benefit of the participants in the Syndicated Loan. The Agent is compensated by the Borrower
for providing these services under a Loan Agreement, and such compensation may include special fees paid upon structuring and funding
the Syndicated Loan and other fees paid on a continuing basis.
Syndicated Loans typically
have rates of interest that are determined daily, monthly, quarterly or semi-annually by reference to a base lending rate, plus a premium
or credit spread. As a result, as short-term interest rates increase, interest payable to the Fund from its investments in Syndicated
Loans should increase, and as short-term interest rates decrease, interest payable to the Fund from its investments in Syndicated Loans
should decrease. These base lending rates are primarily LIBOR, SOFR, or another reference rate, and secondarily the prime rate offered
by one or more major U.S. banks and the certificate of deposit rate or other base lending rates used by commercial lenders.
Although not initially a
principal investment strategy, the Fund may purchase and retain in its portfolio Syndicated Loans where the Borrower has experienced,
or may be perceived to be likely to experience, credit problems, including involvement in or recent emergence from bankruptcy court proceedings
or other forms of debt restructuring. Such distressed investments may provide opportunities for enhanced income as well as capital appreciation,
although they also will be subject to greater risk of loss. At times, in connection with the restructuring of a Syndicated Loan either
outside of bankruptcy court or in the context of bankruptcy court proceedings, the Fund may determine or be required to accept equity
securities or junior credit securities in exchange for all or a portion of a Syndicated Loan.
In the process of buying,
selling and holding Syndicated Loans, the Fund may receive and/or pay certain fees. These fees are in addition to interest payments received
and may include facility fees, commitment fees, amendment fees, commissions and prepayment penalty fees. On an ongoing basis, the Fund
may receive a commitment fee based on the undrawn portion of the underlying line of credit portion of a Syndicated Loan. In certain circumstances,
the Fund may receive a prepayment penalty fee upon the prepayment of a Syndicated Loan by a Borrower. Other fees received by the Fund
may include covenant waiver fees, covenant modification fees or other amendment fees.
Corporate
Bonds. An issuer of Corporate Bonds typically pays the investor a fixed rate of interest and
must repay the amount borrowed on or before maturity. The investment return of Corporate Bonds reflects interest on the security and changes
in the market value of the security. The market value of a Corporate Bond generally may be expected to rise and fall inversely with interest
rates. The value of intermediate- and longer-term Corporate Bonds normally fluctuates more in response to changes in interest rates than
does the value of shorter-term Corporate Bonds. The market value of a Corporate Bond also may be affected by investors’ perceptions
of the creditworthiness of the issuer, the issuer’s performance and perceptions of the issuer in the market place. There is a risk
that the issuers of Corporate Bonds may not be able to meet their obligations on interest or principal payments at the time called for
by an instrument. The Fund may utilize various types of Derivatives, including swaps, for the purpose of gaining exposure to Corporate
Bonds.
Structured
Credit. The Fund may invest in asset-backed opportunities across broad sectors such as consumer
and commercial specialty finance and corporate credit. The Fund will target investment opportunities that are directly originated and
privately negotiated that may include (i) financings secured by pools of consumer loans, commercial loans or real estate assets; (ii)
the outright purchase of pools of consumer loans, commercial loans or real estate assets; and (iii) debt and equity investments in U.S.-dollar-denominated
CLOs that are primarily backed by corporate leveraged loans issued to primarily U.S. CLOs, as well as Euro-denominated CLOs that are backed
primarily by corporate leveraged loans issued to primarily European CLOs. The investments in the “equity” of structured credit
products (including CLOs) refers to the Residual Tranche.
The CLO equity tranches (or
other similar junior tranches) and privately issued asset-backed securities in which the Fund invests may be highly leveraged, which magnifies
the Fund’s risk of loss on such investments.
Stressed Investments.
The Fund may invest in preferred or common shares, or other instruments, of companies undergoing, or that have recently completed, bankruptcies,
reorganizations, insolvencies, liquidations or other fundamental changes or similar proceedings or other Stressed Issuers. In any investment
opportunity involving any such type, there exists the risk that the contemplated transaction either will be unsuccessful, will take considerable
time or will result in a distribution of cash or new securities, the value of which will be less than the purchase price to the Fund of
the securities or other financial instruments in respect of which such distribution is received. Similarly, if an anticipated transaction
does not in fact occur, the Fund may be required to sell its investment at a loss. The consummation of such transactions can be prevented
or delayed by a variety of factors, including but not limited to (i) intervention of a regulatory agency; (ii) market conditions resulting
in material changes in securities prices; (iii) compliance with any applicable bankruptcy, insolvency or securities laws; and (iv) the
inability to obtain adequate financing. Because there is substantial uncertainty concerning the outcome of transactions involving financially
troubled companies in which the Fund intends to invest, there is a potential risk of loss by the Fund of its entire investment in such
companies.
Commercial Real Estate
Loans.
Senior Mortgage Loans:
These mortgage loans are typically secured by first liens on commercial properties, including the following property types: office, multifamily,
retail, industrial, hospitality and mixed-use. In some cases, first lien mortgages may be divided into an A-Note and a B-Note. The A-Note
is typically a privately negotiated loan that is secured by a first mortgage on a commercial property or group of related properties that
is senior to a B-Note secured by the same first mortgage property or group.
Subordinated Debt: These
loans may include structurally subordinated first mortgage loans and junior participations in first mortgage loans or participations in
these types of assets. As noted above, a B-Note is typically a privately negotiated loan that is secured by a first mortgage on a commercial
property or group of related properties and is subordinated to an A-Note secured by the same first mortgage property or group. The subordination
of a B-Note or junior participation typically is evidenced by participations or intercreditor agreements with other holders of interests
in the note. B-Notes are subject to more credit risk with respect to the underlying mortgage collateral than the corresponding A-Note.
Preferred Equity: Real
estate preferred equity investments are subordinate to first mortgage loans and are not collateralized by the property underlying the
investment. As a holder of preferred equity, the Fund seeks to enhance its position with covenants that limit the activities of the entity
in which the Fund has an interest and protect the Fund’s equity by obtaining an exclusive right to control the underlying property
after an event of default, should such a default occur on the Fund’s investment.
Mezzanine Loans: Like
B-Notes, these loans are also subordinated, but are usually secured by a pledge of the borrower’s equity ownership in the entity
that owns the property or by a second lien mortgage on the property. In a liquidation, these loans are generally junior to any mortgage
liens on the underlying property, but senior to any preferred equity or common equity interests in the entity that owns the property.
Investor rights are usually governed by intercreditor agreements.
Other
Investment Strategies. The Fund may also invest in distressed securities, notes, bills, debentures,
bank loans, convertible and preferred securities, government and municipal obligations and other credit instruments with similar economic
characteristics. In addition, from time to time, the Fund may invest in or hold common shares and other equity securities incidental to
the purchase or ownership of a Syndicated Loan or Corporate Bond or in connection with a reorganization of a borrower. The Fund may engage
in short sales. The Fund may also use Derivatives to gain investment exposure to credit instruments, to provide downside protection and
to dampen volatility. Derivatives may allow the Fund to increase or decrease the level of risk to which the Fund is exposed more quickly
and efficiently than transactions in other types of instruments. The Fund may invest in securities of other investment companies, including
ETFs, to the extent that these investments are consistent with the Fund’s investment objective, strategies and policies and permissible
under the 1940 Act or any applicable exemption therefrom. The Fund may invest in other investment companies to gain broad market or sector
exposure, including during periods when it has large amounts of uninvested cash or when the Advisors believe share prices of other investment
companies offer attractive values.
Other Characteristics
Below Investment
Grade Credit Instruments. Most of the credit instruments in which the Fund may invest will be
rated below investment grade (also known as “junk bonds”). Securities rated below investment grade are those that, at the
time of investment, are rated Ba1 or lower by Moody’s, or BB+ or lower by S&P or Fitch, or if unrated are determined by the
Advisors to be of comparable quality. Below investment grade securities often are regarded as having predominately speculative characteristics
with respect to an issuer’s capacity to pay interest and repay principal. In addition, lower quality debt securities tend to be
more sensitive to general economic conditions. Although many of the Fund’s investments may consist of securities rated below investment
grade, the Fund reserves the right to invest in credit instruments of any credit quality, maturity and duration.
Foreign
Instruments. The Fund may make investments in non-U.S. entities, including issuers in emerging
markets. Emerging market countries are countries that major international financial institutions, such as the World Bank, generally consider
to be less economically mature than developed nations, such as the United States or most nations in Western Europe. Emerging market countries
can include every nation in the world except the United States, Canada, Japan, Australia, New Zealand, most countries located in Western
Europe and certain other countries. The Fund expects that its investment in non-U.S. issuers will be made primarily in U.S. dollar denominated
securities, but it reserves the right to purchase securities that are foreign currency denominated. Some non-U.S. securities may be less
liquid and more volatile than securities of comparable U.S. issuers.
Illiquid
and Restricted Securities. The Fund may invest in instruments that, at the time of investment,
are illiquid (generally, those securities that cannot be disposed of within seven days in the ordinary course of business at approximately
the value at which the Fund has valued the securities). Although the Fund may invest in such instruments without limitation, pursuant
to the requirements of the 1940 Act, the Board has adopted, and the Fund follows, procedures designed to ensure that the Fund maintains
sufficient liquidity to meet its periodic repurchase obligations as an interval fund. The Fund may also invest, without limit, in securities
that are unregistered (but are eligible for purchase and sale by certain qualified institutional buyers) or are held by control persons
of the issuer and securities that are subject to contractual restrictions on their resale.
The Fund may invest its cash
balances in money market instruments, U.S. government securities, commercial paper, certificates of deposit, repurchase agreements and
other high-quality debt instruments maturing in one year or less, among other instruments. In addition, and in response to adverse market,
economic or political conditions, the Fund may invest in high-quality fixed income securities, money market instruments and money market
funds or may hold significant positions in cash or cash equivalents for defensive purposes.
The Investment Process
The Fund’s portfolio
is managed by CAM employees Mitch Goldstein and Greg Margolies, who are also employees of an affiliate of Ares, where Mitch Goldstein
is Co-Head of the Ares Credit Group and Greg Margolies is a Partner. In managing the portfolio, they employ two principal inputs, a quantitative
allocation model and the Sub-Advisor’s Allocation Committee comprised of portfolio managers and investment officers from each underlying
credit discipline.
The Ares model utilizes a
scoring system intended to quantify the following with a common scale:
•
four
risk factors for each asset class including:
◦
volatility:
variability of price for a given security;
◦
liquidity:
extent to which an asset or security can be purchased or sold within the context of its current quoted price;
◦
loss
probability: probability of realizing a loss from default; and
◦
control
premium: premium to value associated with having a controlling position in structuring and originating debt instruments
•
three macroeconomic risk factors including
correlation to equities, interest rate risk, and geographic/regional risk
•
relative
value spread basis between different asset classes, based on standard deviations in price of each asset
•
relative
value of each asset class as compared to its own historical average measured by standard deviation
The Ares scoring for each
asset class is then used to solve for an optimal allocation mix using a range of targeted returns. Minimum and maximum concentration and
diversification limits may be applied. This output is meant as an objective measure of relative value, useful in guiding both Allocation
Committee discussion and in advising Ares co-portfolio managers as to portfolio construction.
Allocation Committee meetings
are held monthly and serve multiple ends. The forum is intended to facilitate a congress of expert opinions from across the credit spectrum.
Members discuss macroeconomic trends, U.S. and global growth (or contraction), labor market trends, inflation trends, fiscal and monetary
policy trends, asset valuations, liquidity conditions and investor sentiment. Each is addressed with respect to its potential effect on
lending conditions and credit spreads across underlying asset classes. Consensus is not required, however the agenda will tend to facilitate
development of broad “house views” as to macroeconomic forecasts. Specific focus is given to the subject of valuation, and
whether each credit asset class is priced attractively relative to its fundamental (absolute) risk and also by comparison to other credit
assets. Healthy disagreement on this topic is encouraged, and particular consideration given to the spreads at which most recent loans
or bonds have been underwritten by the investment teams of each asset class. The end objective is to determine which asset classes appear
cheaply valued and most attractive relative to the risks inherent to each asset class.
The process culminates as
Mitch Goldstein and Greg Margolies determine portfolio positioning and will decide how much of the Fund’s portfolio is invested
in each credit asset class. The composition and construction of each underlying asset category is then determined by the portfolio managers
specific to that asset category. To the extent possible, such portfolio managers are the same as would be employed in managing a standalone
fund within that underlying asset class and the pool of investment ideas from which the underlying asset category is populated would similarly
be the same. All investments are either sourced from third parties or by Ares directly, but the Fund expects the vast majority of the
Fund’s investments to be directly originated by the Ares investment teams. While each underlying investment team employs its own
distinct investment process tailored to that asset class, all portfolio investments undergo intensive screening, due diligence, and credit
analyses focused on principal preservation and long-term value creation in market leading businesses. This ensures integrity of process
down to the selection of specific companies and credits and is intended to maximize “best ideas” capture across the platform.
As the allocation between various asset classes change, underlying portfolio managers are directed to monetize assets or increase their
investments to raise liquidity or deploy additional investment capital.
TYPES OF INVESTMENTS
AND RELATED RISKS
Investors
should carefully consider the risk factors described below, before deciding on whether to make an investment in the Fund. The risks set
out below are not the only risks the Fund faces. Additional risks and uncertainties not currently known to the Fund or that the Fund currently
deems to be immaterial also may materially adversely affect the Fund’s business, financial condition and/or operating results. If
any of the following events occur, the Fund’s business, financial condition and results of operations could be materially adversely
affected. In such case, the NAV of the Fund’s Shares could decline, and investors may lose all or part of their investment.
Risks Relating to Investment
Strategies and Fund Investments
Distressed
and Event-Driven Investing Risk. The Fund may invest in securities and other obligations of
companies that are involved in significant financial or business distress, including companies involved in bankruptcy or other reorganization
and liquidation proceedings. Although such investments may result in significant income and returns for the Fund, they involve a substantial
degree of risk. The level of analytical sophistication, both financial and legal, necessary for successful investment in distressed assets
is particularly high. There is no assurance that the Fund will correctly evaluate the value of the assets collateralizing the Fund’s
investments or the prospects for a successful reorganization or similar action in respect of any company. In any reorganization or liquidation
proceeding relating to a company in which the Fund invests, the Fund may lose its entire investment, may be required to accept cash or
securities with a value less than the Fund’s original investment and/or may be required to accept payment over an extended period
of time. Troubled company investments and other distressed asset-based investments require active monitoring.
The Fund may also invest
in companies in expectation of a specific event or catalyst, which may be external (e.g.,
a macroeconomic event impacting relevant markets) or an event that is specific to the company (e.g.,
a Chapter 11 filing). Such event-driven investing requires the Fund to make judgments concerning (i) the likelihood that an event will
occur; and (ii) the impact such event will have on the value of the Fund’s investment in the relevant company. If the event fails
to occur or it does not have the effect foreseen, significant losses can result.
Market
Price Inefficiency Risk. The Fund seeks investment opportunities based on what the Advisors
perceive as market inefficiencies. However, recognizing market inefficiencies requires a high level of market expertise and is inherently
difficult because it requires the recognition of information that the majority of market participants have not identified. The Fund may
not effectively recognize market inefficiencies and, even if it does, the market may not correct as the Fund predicts, either of which
could result in significant losses to the Fund.
Limited
Portfolio Companies Risk. The Fund seeks to achieve its investment objective by focusing on
a limited number of opportunities across the investment universe that it believes offer potentially exceptional risk-adjusted income and
returns as compared to more traditional investment strategies under current and expected economic conditions. As a result, the Fund’s
portfolio may be focused in a limited number of portfolio companies and industries. Beyond the asset diversification requirements associated
with the Fund’s qualification as a RIC under Subchapter M of the Code and the fundamental investment limitations set forth in the
Statement of Additional Information, the Fund does not have fixed guidelines for diversification, and while the Fund is not targeting
any specific industries, the Fund’s investments may be focused in relatively few industries or portfolio companies. As a result,
the aggregate income and returns the Fund realizes may be significantly adversely affected if a small number of investments perform poorly
or if the Fund needs to write down the value of any one investment. Additionally, a downturn in any particular industry in which the Fund
is invested could also significantly impact the aggregate income and returns it realizes.
Debt
Instruments Risk. The Fund may invest in loans and other types of debt instruments and securities.
Such investments may be secured, partially secured or unsecured and may be rated or unrated, and whether or not rated, may have speculative
characteristics. Changes in interest rates generally will cause the value of fixed rate debt investments held by the Fund to vary inversely
to such changes. Debt investments with longer terms to maturity or duration are subject to greater volatility than investments in
shorter-term obligations. The issuer of a debt security or
instrument may not be able or willing to pay interest or to repay principal when due in accordance with the terms of the associated agreement.
An obligor’s willingness to pay interest or to repay principal due in a timely manner may be affected by, among other factors, its
cash flow. Commercial bank lenders may be able to contest payments to the holders of other debt obligations of the same obligor in the
event of default under their commercial bank loan agreements. See also “Types of Investments and Related Risks — Credit
Risk.”
The Fund may invest in loans
and other similar forms of debt. Such forms of indebtedness may be different from traditional debt securities in that debt securities
are typically part of a large issue of securities and loans and similar debt instruments may not be securities, but may represent a specific
commercial loan to a borrower. Loan participations typically represent direct participation, together with other parties, in a loan to
a corporate borrower, and generally are offered by banks or other financial institutions or lending syndicates. The Fund may participate
in such syndications, or can buy part of a loan, becoming a part lender. When purchasing indebtedness and loan participations, the Fund
assumes the credit risk associated with the borrower and may assume the credit risk associated with an interposed bank or other Financial
Intermediary. Members of a syndicate in which the Fund participates may have different and sometimes superior rights to those of the Fund.
Where the Fund invests as a sub-participant in syndicated debt, it may be subject to certain risks as a result of having no direct contractual
relationship with the underlying borrower. As a result, the Fund will generally be dependent on the lender to enforce its rights and obligations
under the loan arrangements in the event of a default by the underlying borrower and will generally not have any direct rights against
the underlying borrower, any direct rights in the collateral, if any, securing such borrowing, or any right to deal directly with such
borrower. The lender will, in general, retain the right to determine whether remedies provided for in the underlying loan arrangement
will be exercised, or waived. In the event that the Fund enters into such an investment, there can be no assurance that its ability to
realize upon a participation will not be interrupted or impaired in the event of the bankruptcy or insolvency of any of the borrower or
the lender or that in such circumstances the Fund will benefit from any set-off between the lender and the borrower. Claims by third parties
arising from these and other risks may be borne by the Fund.
Syndicated
Loans Risk. The Syndicated Loans in which the Fund will invest will primarily be rated below
investment grade, but may also be unrated and of comparable credit quality. As a result, the risks associated with such Syndicated Loans
are generally similar to the risks of other below investment grade fixed income instruments, although Syndicated Loans are senior and
typically secured in contrast to other below investment grade fixed income instruments, which are often subordinated or unsecured. Investments
in below investment grade Syndicated Loans are considered speculative because of the credit risk of the Borrowers. Such Borrowers are
more likely than investment grade Borrowers to default on their payments of interest and principal owed to the Fund, and such defaults
could reduce the Fund’s NAV and income dividends. An economic downturn would generally lead to a higher non-payment rate, and a
Syndicated Loan may lose significant market value before a default occurs. Moreover, any specific collateral used to secure a Syndicated
Loan may decline in value or become illiquid, which would adversely affect the Syndicated Loan’s value. Syndicated Loans are subject
to a number of risks described elsewhere in this prospectus, including liquidity risk and the risk of investing in below investment grade
fixed income instruments.
Syndicated Loans are subject
to the risk of non-payment of scheduled interest or principal. Such non-payment would result in a reduction of income to the Fund, a reduction
in the value of the investment and a potential decrease in the NAV of the Fund. There can be no assurance that the liquidation of any
collateral securing a Syndicated Loan would satisfy the Borrower’s obligation in the event of non-payment of scheduled interest
or principal payments, whether when due or upon acceleration, or that the collateral could be liquidated, readily or otherwise. In the
event of bankruptcy or insolvency of a Borrower, the Fund could experience delays or limitations with respect to its ability to realize
the benefits of the collateral, if any, securing a Syndicated Loan. The collateral securing a Syndicated Loan, if any, may lose all or
substantially all of its value in the event of the bankruptcy or insolvency of a Borrower. Some Syndicated Loans are subject to the risk
that a court, pursuant to fraudulent conveyance or other similar laws, could subordinate such Syndicated Loans to presently existing or
future indebtedness of the Borrower or take other action detrimental to the holders of Syndicated Loans including, in certain circumstances,
invalidating such Syndicated Loans or causing interest previously paid to be refunded to the Borrower.
Additionally, a Syndicated Loan may be “primed”
in bankruptcy, which reduces the ability of the holders of the Syndicated Loan to recover on the collateral. Priming takes place when
a debtor in bankruptcy is allowed to incur additional indebtedness by the bankruptcy court and such indebtedness has a senior or pari
passu lien with the debtor’s existing secured indebtedness, such as existing Syndicated Loans or secured Corporate Bonds.
There may be less readily
available information about most Syndicated Loans and the Borrowers thereunder than is the case for many other types of securities, including
securities issued in transactions registered under the Securities Act of 1933, as amended (the “1933 Act”), or registered
under the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, as amended (the “Exchange Act”), and Borrowers subject to the periodic reporting
requirements of Section 13 of the Exchange Act. Syndicated Loans may be issued by companies that are not subject to SEC reporting requirements
and these companies, therefore, do not file reports with the SEC that must comply with SEC form requirements and in addition are subject
to a less stringent liability disclosure regime than companies subject to SEC reporting requirements. As a result, the Advisors will rely
primarily on their own evaluation of a Borrower’s credit quality rather than on any available independent sources. Therefore, the
Fund will be particularly dependent on the analytical abilities of the Advisors.
The secondary trading market
for Syndicated Loans may be less liquid than the secondary trading market for registered investment grade debt securities. No active trading
market may exist for certain Syndicated Loans, which may make it difficult to value them. Illiquidity and adverse market conditions may
mean that the Fund may not be able to sell Syndicated Loans quickly or at a fair price. To the extent that a secondary market does exist
for certain Syndicated Loans, the market for them may be subject to irregular trading activity, wide bid/ask spreads and extended trade
settlement periods.
Syndicated Loans and other
variable rate debt instruments are subject to the risk of payment defaults of scheduled interest or principal. Such payment defaults would
result in a reduction of income to the Fund, a reduction in the value of the investment and a potential decrease in the NAV of the Fund.
Similarly, a sudden and significant increase in market interest rates may increase the risk of payment defaults and cause a decline in
the value of these investments and in the Fund’s NAV. Other factors (including, but not limited to, rating downgrades, credit deterioration,
a large downward movement in share prices, a disparity in supply and demand of certain securities or market conditions that reduce liquidity)
can reduce the value of Syndicated Loans and other debt obligations, impairing the Fund’s NAV.
Syndicated Loans are subject
to legislative risk. If legislation or state or federal regulations impose additional requirements or restrictions on the ability of financial
institutions to make loans, the availability of Syndicated Loans for investment by the Fund may be adversely affected. In addition, such
requirements or restrictions could reduce or eliminate sources of financing for certain Borrowers. This would increase the risk of default.
If legislation or federal or state regulations require financial institutions to increase their capital requirements this may cause financial
institutions to dispose of Syndicated Loans that are considered highly levered transactions. Such sales could result in prices that, in
the opinions of the Advisors, do not represent fair value. If the Fund attempts to sell a Syndicated Loan at a time when a financial institution
is engaging in such a sale, the price the Fund could receive for the Syndicated Loan may be adversely affected.
The Fund expects to acquire
Syndicated Loans through assignments and, to a lesser extent, through participations. The purchaser of an assignment typically succeeds
to all the rights and obligations of the assigning institution and becomes a lender under the credit agreement with respect to the debt
obligation; however, the purchaser’s rights can be more restricted than those of the assigning institution, and the Fund may not
be able to unilaterally enforce all rights and remedies under the loan and with regard to any associated collateral. In general, a participation
is a contractual relationship only with the institution participating out the interest, not with the Borrower. Sellers of participations
typically include banks, broker-dealers, other financial institutions and lending institutions. In purchasing participations, the Fund
generally will have no right to enforce compliance by the Borrower with the terms of the loan agreement against the Borrower, and the
Fund may not directly benefit from the collateral supporting the debt obligation in which it has purchased the participation. As a result,
(i) the Fund will be exposed to the credit risk of both the Borrower and the institution selling the participation; and (ii) both the
Borrower and the institution selling the participation will be considered issuers for purposes of the Fund’s investment
restriction concerning
industry concentration. See “Investment Restrictions”. Further, in purchasing participations in lending syndicates, the Fund
may be more limited than it otherwise would be in its ability to conduct due diligence on the Borrower. In addition, as a holder of the
participations, the Fund may not have voting rights or inspection rights that the Fund would otherwise have if it were investing directly
in the Syndicated Loan, which may result in the Fund being exposed to greater credit or fraud risk with respect to the Borrower or the
Syndicated Loan.
Subordinated
Loans Risk. Although the Fund does not initially expect Subordinated Loans to be a significant
component of its portfolio, it may invest in such instruments from time to time. Subordinated Loans generally are subject to similar risks
as those associated with investments in Syndicated Loans, except that such loans are subordinated in payment and/or lower in lien priority
to first lien holders. In the event of default on a Subordinated Loan, the first priority lien holder has first claim to the underlying
collateral of the loan to the extent such claim is secured. Additionally, an oversecured creditor may be entitled to additional interest
and other charges in bankruptcy increasing the amount of their allowed claim. Subordinated Loans are subject to the additional risk that
the cash flow of the Borrower and property securing the loan or debt, if any, may be insufficient to meet scheduled payments after giving
effect to the senior obligations of the Borrower. This risk is generally higher for subordinated unsecured loans or debt, which are not
backed by a security interest in any specific collateral. Subordinated Loans generally have greater price volatility than Syndicated Loans
and may be less liquid.
“Covenant-Lite”
Loans Risk. Some of the loans in which the Fund may invest directly or indirectly through its
investments in collateralized debt obligations (“CDOs”), CLOs or other types of structured securities may be “covenant-lite”
loans, which means the loans contain fewer maintenance covenants than other loans (in some cases, none) and do not include terms which
allow the lender to monitor the performance of the borrower and declare a default if certain criteria are breached. An investment by the
Fund in a covenant-lite loan may potentially hinder the ability to reprice credit risk associated with the issuer and reduce the ability
to restructure a problematic loan and mitigate potential loss. The Fund may also experience delays in enforcing its rights on its holdings
of covenant-lite loans. As a result of these risks, the Fund’s exposure to losses may be increased, which could result in an adverse
impact on the Fund’s net income and net asset value.
Corporate
Bond Risk. The market value of a Corporate Bond generally may be expected to rise and fall inversely
with interest rates. The market value of intermediate- and longer-term Corporate Bonds is generally more sensitive to changes in interest
rates than is the market value of shorter-term Corporate Bonds. The market value of a Corporate Bond also may be affected by factors directly
related to the issuer, such as investors’ perceptions of the creditworthiness of the issuer, the issuer’s financial performance,
perceptions of the issuer in the market place, performance of management of the issuer, the issuer’s capital structure and use of
financial leverage and demand for the issuer’s goods and services. Certain risks associated with investments in Corporate Bonds
are described elsewhere in this Prospectus in further detail, including under “Credit Risk”, “Prepayment Risk”
and “Inflation and Deflation Risk”. There is a risk that the issuers of Corporate Bonds may not be able to meet their obligations
on interest or principal payments at the time called for by an instrument. The Fund expects to invest primarily in Corporate Bonds that
are high yield issues rated below investment grade. High yield Corporate Bonds are often high risk and have speculative characteristics.
High yield Corporate Bonds may be particularly susceptible to adverse issuer-specific developments. High yield Corporate Bonds are subject
to the risks described below under “Below Investment Grade Rating Risk.”
Asset-Backed
Securities Risk. Asset-backed securities often involve risks that are different from or more
acute than risks associated with other types of debt instruments. For instance, asset-backed securities may be particularly sensitive
to changes in prevailing interest rates. In addition, the underlying assets are subject to prepayments that shorten the securities’
weighted average maturity and may lower their return. Asset-backed securities are also subject to risks associated with their structure
and the nature of the assets underlying the security and the servicing of those assets. Payment of interest and repayment of principal
on asset-backed securities is largely dependent upon the cash flows generated by the assets backing the securities and, in certain cases,
supported by letters of credit, surety bonds or other credit enhancements. The values of asset-backed securities may be substantially
dependent on the servicing of the underlying asset pools, and are therefore subject to risks associated with the negligence by, or defalcation
of, their
servicers. Furthermore,
debtors may be entitled to the protection of a number of state and federal consumer credit laws with respect to the assets underlying
these securities, which may give the debtor the right to avoid or reduce payment. In addition, due to their often complicated structures,
various asset-backed securities may be difficult to value and may constitute illiquid investments. If many borrowers on the underlying
loans default, losses could exceed the credit enhancement level and result in losses to investors in asset-backed securities.
Below
Investment Grade Rating Risk. The Fund expects initially that its investments in Syndicated
Loans, Subordinated Loans, Corporate Bonds and other debt instruments will consist primarily of securities and loans that are rated below
investment grade or unrated and of comparable credit quality. Corporate Bonds that are rated below investment grade are often referred
to as “high yield” securities or “junk bonds.” Below investment grade Syndicated Loans, high yield securities
and other similar instruments are rated “Ba1” or lower by Moody’s, “BB+” or lower by S&P or “BB+”
or lower by Fitch or, if unrated, are judged by the Advisors to be of comparable credit quality. While generally providing greater income
and opportunity for gain, below investment grade rated Corporate Bonds and Syndicated Loans and similar debt instruments may be subject
to greater risks than securities or instruments that have higher credit ratings, including a higher risk of default. The credit rating
of a Corporate Bond and Syndicated Loan that is rated below investment grade does not necessarily address its market value risk, and ratings
may from time to time change, positively or negatively, to reflect developments regarding the issuer’s financial condition. Below
investment grade Corporate Bonds and Syndicated Loans and similar instruments often are considered to be speculative with respect to the
capacity of the Borrower to timely repay principal and pay interest or dividends in accordance with the terms of the obligation and may
have more credit risk than higher rated securities. Lower grade securities and similar debt instruments may be particularly susceptible
to economic downturns. It is likely that a prolonged or deepening economic recession could adversely affect the ability of some Borrowers
issuing such Corporate Bonds, Syndicated Loans and similar debt instruments to repay principal and pay interest on the instrument, increase
the incidence of default and severely disrupt the market value of the securities and similar debt instruments.
The secondary market for
below investment grade Corporate Bonds and Syndicated Loans and similar instruments may be less liquid than that for higher rated instruments.
Because unrated securities may not have an active trading market or may be difficult to value, the Fund might have difficulty selling
them promptly at an acceptable price. To the extent that the Fund invests in unrated securities, the Fund’s ability to achieve its
investment objectives will be more dependent on the Advisors’ credit analysis than would be the case when the Fund invests in rated
securities.
Under normal market conditions,
the Fund will invest in Syndicated Loans and Corporate Bonds, and may invest in Subordinated Loans and other debt instruments, rated in
the lower rating categories (“Caa1” or lower by Moody’s, “CCC+” or lower by S&P or CCC+ or lower by
Fitch) or unrated and of comparable quality. For these securities, the risks associated with below investment grade instruments are more
pronounced. The Fund may incur additional expenses to the extent it is required to seek recovery upon a default in the payment of principal
or interest on its portfolio holdings. In any reorganization or liquidation proceeding relating to an investment, the Fund may lose its
entire investment or may be required to accept cash or securities with a value substantially less than its original investment.
Collateralized
Loan Obligations Risk. CLOs issue debt securities in tranches with different payment characteristics
and different credit ratings. The rated tranches of CLO Debt Securities are generally assigned credit ratings by one or more nationally
recognized statistical rating organization (“NRSRO”). Residual tranches are the most junior tranches and do not receive ratings.
Below investment grade tranches of CLO Debt Securities typically experience a lower recovery, greater risk of loss or deferral or non-payment
of interest than more senior tranches of the CLO. The riskiest portion of the capital structure of a CLO is the subordinated (or residual)
tranche, which bears the bulk of defaults from the loans in the CLO and serves to protect the other, more senior tranches from default
in all but the most severe circumstances. Since it is partially protected from defaults, a senior tranche from a CLO typically has higher
ratings and lower yields than the underlying securities, and can be rated investment grade. Despite the protection from the subordinated
tranche, CLO tranches can experience substantial losses due to actual defaults, increased sensitivity to defaults due to collateral default
and disappearance of protecting tranches, market anticipation of defaults and aversion to CLO Securities as a class. The risks of an investment
in a CLO depend largely on the collateral and the tranche of the CLO in which the Fund invests.
The CLOs in which the Fund invests may have
issued and sold debt tranches that will rank senior to the tranches in which the Fund invests. By their terms, such more senior tranches
may entitle the holders to receive payment of interest or principal on or before the dates on which the Fund is entitled to receive payments
with respect to the tranches in which the Fund invests.
Also, in the event of insolvency,
liquidation, dissolution, reorganization or bankruptcy of a CLO, holders of more senior tranches would typically be entitled to receive
payment in full before the Fund receives any distribution. After repaying such senior creditors, such CLO may not have any remaining assets
to use for repaying its obligation to the Fund. In the case of tranches ranking equally with the tranches in which the Fund invests, the
Fund would have to share on an equal basis any distributions with other creditors holding such securities in the event of an insolvency,
liquidation, dissolution, reorganization or bankruptcy of the relevant CLO. Therefore, the Fund may not receive back the full amount of
its investment in a CLO.
The transaction documents
relating to the issuance of CLO Debt Securities may impose eligibility criteria on the assets of the CLO, restrict the ability of the
CLO’s investment manager to trade investments and impose certain portfolio-wide asset quality requirements. These criteria, restrictions
and requirements may limit the ability of the CLO’s investment manager to maximize returns on the CLO Debt Securities. In addition,
other parties involved in CLOs, such as third party credit enhancers and investors in the rated tranches may impose requirements that
have an adverse effect on the returns of the various tranches of CLO Debt Securities. Furthermore, CLO Debt Securities issuance transaction
documents generally contain provisions that, in the event that certain tests are not met (generally interest coverage and over-collateralization
tests at varying levels in the capital structure), proceeds that would otherwise be distributed to holders of a junior tranche must be
diverted to pay down the senior tranches until such tests are satisfied. Failure (or increased likelihood of failure) of a CLO to make
timely payments on a particular tranche will have an adverse effect on the liquidity and market value of such tranche.
Payments to holders of CLO
Debt Securities may be subject to deferral. If cash flows generated by the underlying assets are insufficient to make all current and,
if applicable, deferred payments on CLO Debt Securities, no other assets will be available for payment of the deficiency and, following
realization of the underlying assets, the obligations of the issuer of the related CLO Debt Securities to pay such deficiency will be
extinguished.
The market value of CLO Debt
Securities may be affected by, among other things, changes in the market value of the underlying assets held by the CLO, changes in the
distributions on the underlying assets, defaults and recoveries on the underlying assets, capital gains and losses on the underlying assets,
prepayments on underlying assets and the availability, prices and interest rate of underlying assets. Furthermore, the leveraged nature
of each subordinated class may magnify the adverse impact on such class of changes in the value of the assets, changes in the distributions
on the assets, defaults and recoveries on the assets, capital gains and losses on the assets, prepayment on assets and availability, price
and interest rates of assets. Finally, CLO Debt Securities are limited recourse and may not be paid in full and may be subject to up to
100% loss.
Commercial
Real Estate Lending Investments Risk.
The Fund’s senior commercial real estate loans are secured by commercial property and are subject to risks of delinquency and foreclosure,
and risks of loss that may be greater than similar risks associated with loans made on the security of single-family residential property.
The ability of a borrower to repay a loan secured by an income-producing property typically is dependent primarily upon the successful
operation of such property rather than upon the existence of independent income or assets of the borrower. If the net operating income
of the property is reduced, the borrower’s ability to repay the loan may be impaired. Net operating income of an income-producing
property can be adversely affected by, among other things,
•
tenant
mix;
•
success
of tenant businesses;
•
property
management decisions;
•
property
location, condition and design;
•
competition from comparable types of
properties;
•
changes
in laws that increase operating expenses or limit rents that may be charged;
•
changes
in national, regional or local economic conditions and/or specific industry segments, including the credit and securitization markets;
•
declines
in regional or local real estate values;
•
declines
in regional or local rental or occupancy rates;
•
increases
in interest rates, real estate tax rates and other operating expenses;
•
costs
of remediation and liabilities associated with environmental conditions;
•
the
potential for uninsured or underinsured property losses;
•
changes
in governmental laws and regulations, including fiscal policies, zoning ordinances and environmental legislation and the related costs
of compliance; and
•
acts
of God, terrorist attacks, social unrest and civil disturbances.
In the event of any default
under a mortgage loan held directly by the Fund, the Fund will bear a risk of loss of principal to the extent of any deficiency between
the value of the collateral and the principal and accrued interest of the mortgage loan, which could have a material adverse effect on
the Fund’s cash flow from operations and limit amounts available for distribution to the Fund’s Shareholders. In the event
of the bankruptcy of a mortgage loan borrower, the mortgage loan to such borrower will be deemed to be secured only to the extent of the
value of the underlying collateral at the time of bankruptcy (as determined by the bankruptcy court), and the lien securing the mortgage
loan will be subject to the avoidance powers of the bankruptcy trustee or debtor-in-possession to the extent the lien is unenforceable
under state law. Foreclosure of a mortgage loan can be an expensive and lengthy process, which could have a substantial negative effect
on the Fund’s anticipated return on the foreclosed mortgage loan.
Duration
and Maturity Risk. The Fund has no fixed policy regarding portfolio maturity or duration. Holding
long duration and long maturity investments will expose the Fund to certain magnified risks. When interest rates rise, certain obligations
will be paid off by the issuers of debt investments more slowly than anticipated, causing the value of these obligations to fall. Rising
interest rates tend to extend the duration of securities, making them more sensitive to changes in interest rates. The value of longer-term
securities generally changes more in response to changes in interest rates than shorter-term securities. As a result, in a period of rising
interest rates, such as in recent years, securities may exhibit additional volatility and may lose value.
When interest rates fall,
certain obligations will be paid off by the issuers of debt investments more quickly than originally anticipated, and the Fund may have
to invest the proceeds in securities with lower yields. In periods of falling interest rates, the rate of prepayments tends to increase
(as does price fluctuation) as issuers of debt instruments are motivated to pay off debt and refinance at new lower rates. During such
periods, reinvestment of the prepayment proceeds by the Advisor will generally be at lower rates of return than the return on the assets
that were prepaid. Prepayment reduces the yield to maturity and the average life of the security.
Distressed
and Defaulted Debt Risk. The Fund may invest, to a limited extent, in securities, including
loans purchased in the secondary market, that are the subject of bankruptcy proceedings or otherwise in default or at risk of being in
default as to the repayment of principal and/or interest at the time of acquisition by the Fund (“Distressed Debt”). Investment
in Distressed Debt is speculative and involves significant risks.
The Fund may make such investments
when the Advisors believe it is reasonably likely that the issuer of Distressed Debt will make an exchange offer or will be the subject
of a plan of reorganization pursuant to which the Fund will receive new securities in return for Distressed Debt. There can be no assurance,
however, that such an exchange offer will be made or that such a plan of reorganization will be adopted. In addition, a significant period
of time may pass between the time at which the Fund makes its investment in Distressed Debt and the time that any such exchange offer
or plan of reorganization is completed, if at all.
During this period,
it is unlikely that the Fund would receive any interest payments on the Distressed Debt, the Fund would be subject to significant uncertainty
whether the exchange offer or plan of reorganization will be completed and the Fund may be required to bear certain extraordinary expenses
to protect and recover its investment. Therefore, to the extent the Fund seeks capital appreciation through investment in Distressed Debt,
the Fund’s ability to achieve current income for its Shareholders may be diminished. The Fund also will be subject to significant
uncertainty as to when and in what manner and for what value the obligations evidenced by the Distressed Debt will eventually be satisfied
(e.g., through a liquidation of
the obligor’s assets, an exchange offer or plan of reorganization involving the Distressed Debt or a payment of some amount in satisfaction
of the obligation). Even if an exchange offer is made or plan of reorganization is adopted with respect to Distressed Debt held by the
Fund, there can be no assurance that the securities or other assets received by the Fund in connection with such exchange offer or plan
of reorganization will not have a lower value or income potential than may have been anticipated when the investment was made or no value.
Moreover, any securities received by the Fund upon completion of an exchange offer or plan of reorganization may be restricted as to resale.
Similarly, if the Fund participates in negotiations with respect to any exchange offer or plan of reorganization with respect to an issuer
of Distressed Debt, the Fund may be restricted from disposing of such securities. To the extent that the Fund becomes involved in such
proceedings, the Fund may have a more active participation in the affairs of the issuer than that assumed generally by an investor.
Credit
Risk. Credit risk is the risk that one or more loans or debt securities in the Fund’s
portfolio will decline in price or one or more Borrowers will fail to pay interest or principal when due because one or more Borrowers
experiences a decline in its financial condition. While a senior position in the capital structure of a Borrower may provide some protection
with respect to the Fund’s investments in Syndicated Loans, losses may still occur because the market value of Syndicated Loans
is affected by the creditworthiness of Borrowers and by general economic and specific industry conditions. To the extent the Fund invests
in below investment grade Corporate Bonds, Syndicated Loans or other investments, it will be exposed to a greater amount of credit risk
than a fund that invests in investment grade securities or loans. Typically, the prices of lower grade securities or loans are more sensitive
to negative developments, such as a decline in the Borrower’s revenues or a general economic downturn, than are the prices of higher
grade securities or loans.
Credit
Ratings Risk. Credit ratings represent only the opinion of a rating agency with respect to the
ability of a company to make principal and interest payments on its securities. In determining a credit rating, rating agencies do not
evaluate the risks of fluctuations in market value. Further, there may be limits on the effectiveness of the rating agencies’ financial
models. For these and other reasons, a credit rating may not fully reflect the risks inherent in the relevant security. Further, a rating
agency may have a conflict of interest with respect to a security for which it assigns a particular rating. For example, if the issuer
or sponsor of a security pays a rating agency for the analysis of its security, a conflict of interest exists that could affect the reliability
of the rating. In addition, credit rating agencies may or may not make timely changes to a rating to reflect changes in the economy or
in the conditions of the issuer that affect the market value of the security. In other words, a security or an issuer may maintain a certain
credit rating even though conditions have deteriorated or improved since the rating was issued. Consequently, credit ratings should not
necessarily be relied upon as an indicator of investment quality. If a rating agency changes the rating assigned to one or more of the
Fund’s investments, the Fund is not required to sell the relevant securities.
Covenant
Breach Risk. A borrower may fail to satisfy financial or operating covenants imposed by the
Fund or other lenders, which could lead to defaults and, potentially, termination of its loans and foreclosure on its secured assets,
which could trigger cross-defaults under other agreements and jeopardize such company’s ability to meet its obligations under the
debt or equity securities that the Fund holds. The Fund may incur expenses to the extent necessary to seek recovery upon default or to
negotiate new terms, which may include the waiver of certain financial covenants, with a defaulting company.
Prepayment
Risk. During periods of declining interest rates, Borrowers may exercise their option to prepay
principal earlier than scheduled. For Corporate Bonds, such payments often occur during periods of declining interest rates, which may
require the Fund to reinvest in lower yielding securities, resulting in a possible decline in the Fund’s income and dividends to
Shareholders. This is known as prepayment or “call”
risk. Below investment grade Corporate Bonds frequently have
call features that allow the issuer to redeem the security at dates prior to its stated maturity at a specified price (typically greater
than the stated principal amount) only if certain prescribed conditions are met (“Call Protection”). An issuer may redeem
Corporate Bonds if, for example, the issuer can refinance the debt at a lower cost due to declining interest rates or an improvement in
the credit standing of the issuer. Fixed income securities may be purchased at prices below or above their stated principal amount. For
premium Corporate Bonds (Corporate Bonds acquired at prices that exceed their stated principal amount), prepayment risk may be enhanced
given that the Fund would lose the potential value of the yield-to-maturity of the bonds in the event they are redeemed at the stated
principal amount.
Syndicated Loans and Subordinated
Loans are subject to prepayment risk and typically do not have Call Protection. The degree to which Borrowers prepay Syndicated Loans
and Subordinated Loans, whether as a contractual requirement or at their election, may be affected by general business conditions, the
financial condition of the Borrower and competitive conditions among Syndicated Loan and Subordinated Loan investors, among others. For
these reasons, prepayments cannot be predicted with accuracy. Upon a prepayment, either in part or in full, the outstanding debt from
which the Fund derives interest income will be reduced. The Fund may not be able to reinvest the proceeds received on terms as favorable
as the prepaid loan.
Short
Sales Risk. A short sale is a transaction in which the Fund sells an instrument that it does
not own in anticipation that the market price will decline. To deliver the securities to the buyer, the Fund arranges through a broker
to borrow the securities and, in so doing, the Fund becomes obligated to replace the securities borrowed at their market price at the
time of replacement. When selling short, the Fund intends to replace the securities at a lower price and therefore profit from the difference
between the cost to replace the securities and the proceeds received from the sale of the securities. When the Fund makes a short sale,
the proceeds it receives from the sale will be held on behalf of a broker until the Fund replaces the borrowed securities. The Fund may
have to pay a premium to borrow the securities and must pay any dividends or interest payable on the securities until they are replaced.
The Fund’s obligation to replace the securities borrowed in connection with a short sale will be secured by collateral deposited
with the broker that consists of cash and/or liquid securities. Short sales involve certain risks and special considerations. If the Fund
incorrectly predicts that the price of the borrowed security will decline, the Fund will have to replace the securities with securities
with a greater value than the amount received from the sale. As a result, losses from short sales differ from losses that could be incurred
from a purchase of a security because losses from short sales may be unlimited, whereas losses from purchases can equal only the total
amount invested.
No
Control Over Portfolio Companies. The Fund does not expect to control most of its portfolio
companies, although its debt agreements with such portfolio companies may contain certain restrictive covenants. As a result, the Fund
is subject to the risk that a portfolio company in which it invests may make business decisions with which it disagrees and the management
of such company, as representatives of the holders of its common equity, may take risks or otherwise act in ways that do not serve the
Fund’s interests as a debt investor. A portfolio company may make decisions that could decrease the value of the Fund’s portfolio
holdings. The Fund may not be able to dispose of its interests in its portfolio companies as readily as it would like or at an appropriate
valuation, if it invests in non-traded companies. In addition, where the Fund is entitled to occupy a seat on the board of a portfolio
company, such involvement may prevent the Fund from freely disposing of its debt investments and may subject the Fund to additional liability
or result in re-characterization of its debt investments as equity.
Mezzanine
Investments Risk. The Fund may invest in mezzanine debt instruments, which are expected to be
unsecured and made in companies with capital structures having significant indebtedness ranking ahead of the investments, all or a significant
portion of which may be secured. While the investments may benefit from the same or similar financial and other covenants as those applicable
to the indebtedness ranking ahead of the investments and may benefit from cross-default provisions and security over the company’s
assets, some or all of such terms may not be part of particular investments and the mezzanine debt will be subordinated in recovery to
senior classes of debt in the event of a default. Mezzanine investments generally are subject to various risks, including, without limitation:
(i) a subsequent characterization of an investment as a “fraudulent conveyance”; (ii) the recovery as a “preference”
of liens
perfected or payments
made on account of a debt in the 90 days before a bankruptcy filing; (iii) equitable subordination claims by other creditors; (iv) so-called
“lender liability” claims by the issuer of the obligations; and (v) environmental liabilities that may arise with respect
to any collateral securing the obligations.
Convertible
Securities Risk. Convertible securities are bonds, debentures, notes, preferred stocks or other
securities that may be converted into or exchanged for a specified amount of common stock or other equity security of the same or a different
issuer within a particular period of time at a specified price or formula. A convertible security entitles its holder to receive interest
that is generally paid or accrued on debt or a dividend that is paid or accrued on preferred stock until the convertible security matures
or is redeemed, converted or exchanged. Convertible securities have unique investment characteristics in that they generally: (i) have
higher yields than common stocks, but lower yields than comparable non-convertible securities; (ii) are less subject to fluctuation in
value than the underlying common stock due to their fixed-income characteristics; and (iii) provide the potential for capital appreciation
if the market price of the underlying common stock increases.
The value of a convertible
security is a function of its “investment value,” or determined by its yield in comparison with the yields of other securities
of comparable maturity and quality that do not have a conversion privilege, and its “conversion value,” or the security’s
worth, at market value, if converted into the underlying common stock. The investment value of a convertible security is influenced by
changes in interest rates, with investment value declining as interest rates increase and increasing as interest rates decline. The credit
standing of the issuer and other factors also may have an effect on the convertible security’s investment value. The conversion
value of a convertible security is determined by the market price of the underlying common stock. If the conversion value is low relative
to the investment value, the price of the convertible security is governed principally by its investment value. To the extent the market
price of the underlying common stock approaches or exceeds the conversion price, the price of the convertible security will be increasingly
influenced by its conversion value. A convertible security generally will sell at a premium over its conversion value by the extent to
which investors place value on the right to acquire the underlying common stock while holding a fixed-income security. Generally, the
amount of the premium decreases as the convertible security approaches maturity. Although under normal market conditions longer-term convertible
debt securities have greater yields than do shorter-term convertible debt securities of similar quality, they are subject to greater price
fluctuations.
A convertible security may
be subject to redemption at the option of the issuer at a price established in the convertible security’s governing instrument.
If a convertible security held by the Fund is called for redemption, the Fund will be required to permit the issuer to redeem the security,
convert it into the underlying common stock or sell it to a third party. Any of these actions could have an adverse effect on the Fund’s
ability to achieve its investment objective.
Equity
Securities Risk. The value of equity securities, including common stocks, preferred stocks and
convertible stocks, will fluctuate in response to factors affecting the particular company, as well as broader market and economic conditions.
Moreover, in the event of a company’s bankruptcy, claims of certain creditors, including bondholders, will have priority over claims
of holders of common stock and are likely to have varying types of priority over holders of preferred and convertible stock.
Equity markets may experience
significant short-term volatility and may fall sharply at times. Different markets may behave differently from each other and U.S. equity
markets may move in the opposite direction from one or more foreign stock markets. Adverse events in any part of the equity or fixed-income
markets may have unexpected negative effects on other market segments. The prices of individual equity securities generally do not all
move in the same direction at the same time and a variety of factors can affect the price of a particular company’s securities.
These factors may include, but are not limited to, poor earnings reports, a loss of customers, litigation against the company, general
unfavorable performance of the company’s sector or industry, or changes in government regulations affecting the company or its industry.
Risks
Associated with Investments in Equity Securities Incidental to Investments in Syndicated Loans.
Investments in equity securities incidental to investments in Syndicated Loans or other debt instruments entail certain risks in addition
to those associated with investments in Syndicated Loans or other debt
instruments. Because
equity is merely the residual value of a Borrower after all claims and other interests, it is inherently more risky than Syndicated Loans
or other debt instruments of the same Borrower. The value of the equity securities may be affected more rapidly, and to a greater extent,
by company- and industry-specific developments and general market conditions. These risks may increase fluctuations in the NAV of the
common shares. The Fund frequently may possess material non-public information about a Borrower as a result of its ownership of a Syndicated
Loan or other debt instruments of a Borrower. Because of prohibitions on trading in securities while in possession of material non-public
information, the Fund might be unable to enter into a transaction in a security of the Borrower when it would otherwise be advantageous
to do so.
Dividends.
The Fund may invest in equity securities from time to time. Dividends relating to these equity securities may not be fixed, but may be
declared at the discretion of a portfolio company’s board of directors. There is no guarantee that a company in which the Fund invests
will declare dividends in the future or that, if declared, the dividends will remain at current levels or increase over time.
Derivatives Risk.
The Fund’s use of derivative
instruments involves investment risks and transaction costs to which the Fund would not be subject absent the use of these instruments
and, accordingly, may result in losses greater than if they had not been used. The use of derivative instruments may have risks including,
among others, leverage risk, market risk, volatility risk, duration mismatch risk, correlation risk, counterparty risk, market liquidity
risk, fund liquidity risk and legal and operational risk.
Swap
Agreements Risk. The Fund may enter
into swap agreements, including interest rate and index swap agreements, for hedging purposes, as a form of leverage or to seek to obtain
a particular desired return at a lower cost to the Fund than if the Fund had invested directly in an instrument yielding the desired return.
Swap agreements are often two party contracts entered into primarily by institutional investors for periods ranging from a few weeks to
more than one year. In a typical “swap” transaction, two parties agree to exchange the returns (or differentials in rates
of return) earned or realized on particular predetermined investments or instruments. Some swaps may be subject to central clearing and
exchange trading. Whether the Fund’s use of swap agreements will be successful in furthering its investment objective will depend
on the Advisors’ ability to correctly predict whether certain types of investments are likely to produce greater returns than other
investments. Because they are two party contracts and because they may have terms of greater than seven days, some swap agreements may
be considered by the Fund to be illiquid. Moreover, the Fund bears the risk of loss of the amount expected to be received under a swap
agreement in the event of the default or bankruptcy of a bi-lateral swap agreement counterparty. The Fund may seek to reduce this risk
to some extent by entering into a transaction only if the counterparty meets the Advisors’ current credit standards for OTC option
counterparties. In the case of a cleared swap, the Fund bears the risk that the clearinghouse may default. Swap agreements also bear the
risk that the Fund will not be able to meet its payment obligations to the counterparty. Restrictions imposed by the tax rules applicable
to RICs may limit the Fund’s ability to use swap agreements. It is possible that developments in the swap market, including further
government regulation, could adversely affect the Fund’s ability to enter into or terminate swap agreements or to realize amounts
to be received under these agreements. Swap transactions may involve substantial leverage.
The Fund may enter into credit
default swap agreements and similar agreements, and may also buy credit-linked securities. Credit default swaps are often structured with
significant leverage and may be considered speculative. The credit default swap agreement or similar instrument may have as reference
obligations one or more securities that are not currently held by the Fund. The protection “buyer” in a credit default contract
may be obligated to pay the protection “seller” an upfront payment or a periodic stream of payments over the term of the contract
provided generally that no credit event on a reference obligation has occurred. If a credit event occurs, the seller generally must pay
the buyer the “par value” (full notional value) of the swap in exchange for an equal face amount of deliverable obligations
of the reference entity described in the swap, or the seller may be required to deliver the related net cash amount, if the swap is cash
settled. The Fund may be either the buyer or seller in the transaction. If the Fund is a buyer and no credit event occurs, the Fund recovers
nothing if the swap is held through its termination date. However, if a credit event occurs, the Fund may elect to receive the full notional
value of the swap in exchange for an
equal face amount
of deliverable obligations of the reference entity that may have little or no value. As a seller, the Fund generally receives an upfront
payment or a fixed rate of income throughout the term of the swap, which typically is between six months and three years, provided that
there is no credit event. If a credit event occurs, generally the seller must pay the buyer the full notional value of the swap in exchange
for an equal face amount of deliverable obligations of the reference entity that may have little or no value.
Swaptions
Risk. The Fund, to the extent permitted under applicable law, may enter into “swaptions”,
which are options on swap agreements on either an asset-based or liability-based basis. A swaption is a contract that gives a counterparty
the right (but not the obligation) to enter into a new swap agreement or to shorten, extend, cancel or otherwise modify an existing swap
agreement, at some designated future time on specified terms. The Fund may write (sell) and purchase put and call swaptions. Depending
on the terms of the particular option agreement, the Fund generally will incur a greater degree of risk when it writes a swaption than
it will incur when it purchases a swaption. When the Fund purchases a swaption, it risks losing only the amount of the premium it has
paid should it decide to let the option expire unexercised. When the Fund writes a swaption, upon exercise of the option, the Fund will
become obligated according to the terms of the underlying agreement.
Credit-Linked
Securities Risk. Among the income producing securities in which the Fund may invest are credit-linked
securities, which generally are issued by a limited purpose trust or other vehicle that, in turn, invests in a Derivative instrument or
basket of Derivative instruments, such as credit default swaps, interest rate swaps and other securities, in order to provide exposure
to certain fixed income markets. For instance, the Fund may invest in credit-linked securities as a cash management tool in order to gain
exposure to a certain market and/or to remain fully invested when more traditional income producing securities are not available.
Like an investment in a bond,
investments in credit-linked securities generally represent the right to receive periodic income payments (in the form of dividends) and
payment of principal at the end of the term of the security. However, these payments are conditioned on the issuer’s receipt of
payments from, and the issuer’s potential obligations to, the counterparties to the Derivative instruments and other securities
in which the issuer invests. For instance, the issuer may sell one or more credit default swaps, under which the issuer would receive
a stream of payments over the term of the swap agreements provided that no event of default has occurred with respect to the referenced
debt obligation upon which the swap is based. If a default occurs, the stream of payments may stop and the issuer would be obligated to
pay the counterparty the par (or other agreed upon value) of the referenced debt obligation. This, in turn, would reduce the amount of
income and principal that the Fund would receive as an investor in the issuer. The Fund’s investments in these instruments are indirectly
subject to the risks associated with Derivatives, including, among others, credit risk and leverage risk. There may be no established
trading market for these securities and they may constitute illiquid investments.
Structured Products Risk.
General.
The Fund may invest in structured products, including, without limitation, investment grade rated CLO Debt Securities and structured notes.
Holders of structured products bear risks of the underlying investments, index or reference obligation and are subject to counterparty
risk.
The Fund may have the right
to receive payments only from the structured product, and generally does not have direct rights against the issuer or the entity that
sold the assets to be securitized. While certain structured products enable the investor to acquire interests in a pool of securities
without the brokerage and other expenses associated with directly holding the same assets, investors in structured products generally
pay their share of the structured product’s administrative and other expenses. Although it is difficult to predict whether the prices
of indices and securities underlying structured products will rise or fall, these prices (and, therefore, the prices of structured products)
will be influenced by the same types of political and economic events that affect issuers of securities and capital markets generally.
If the issuer of a structured product uses shorter-term financing to purchase longer term securities, the issuer may be forced to sell
its securities at below market prices if it experiences difficulty in obtaining short-term financing, which may adversely affect the value
of the structured products owned by the Fund.
Investments in structured
products involve risks, including credit risk and market risk. Certain structured products may be thinly traded or have a limited trading
market. Where the Fund’s investments in
structured products are based upon the movement of one or
more factors, including currency exchange rates, interest rates, reference bonds and share indices, depending on the factor used and the
use of multipliers or deflators, changes in interest rates and movement of the factor may cause significant price fluctuations. Additionally,
changes in the reference instrument or security may cause the interest rate on the structured product to be reduced to zero, and any further
changes in the reference instrument may then reduce the principal amount payable on maturity. Structured products may be less liquid than
other types of securities and more volatile than the reference instrument or security underlying the product.
The Fund may invest in structured
products collateralized by below investment grade or distressed loans or securities. Investments in such structured products are subject
to the risks associated with below investment grade securities. Such securities are characterized by high risk. It is likely that an economic
recession could severely disrupt the market for such securities and may have an adverse impact on the value of such securities.
Collateralized
Debt Obligations. Cash flows in a CDO are split into two or more tranches, with differing payment
characteristics, credit ratings, risks, and yield. The rated tranches of CDO debt securities are generally assigned credit ratings by
one or more NRSROs. Residual tranches are the most junior and are not rated. The Fund will not invest in residual tranches and will invest
only in rated tranches of CDO debt securities. CDO debt securities are limited recourse and may not be paid in full and may be subject
to up to a 100% loss. The riskiest portion is the “equity” tranche, which bears the first loss from defaults from the underlying
pool of bonds and serves to protect the other, more senior tranches from default (though such protection is not complete). Since it is
partially protected from defaults, a senior tranche from a CDO typically has higher ratings and lower yields than its underlying securities,
and may be rated investment grade. Despite the protection from the equity tranche, CDO tranches can experience substantial losses due
to actual defaults, downgrades of the underlying collateral by rating agencies, forced liquidation of the collateral pool due to a failure
of coverage tests, increased sensitivity to defaults due to collateral default and disappearance of protecting tranches, market anticipation
of defaults as well as investor aversion to CDO securities as a class. CDOs carry additional risks including, but not limited to: (i)
the possibility that distributions from collateral securities may not be adequate to make interest or other payments; (ii) the risk that
the collateral may default or decline in value or be downgraded, if rated by an NRSRO; (iii) the Fund is likely to invest in tranches
of CDOs that are subordinate to other tranches; (iv) the structure and complexity of the transaction and the legal documents could lead
to disputes among investors regarding the characterization of proceeds; (v) the investment return achieved by the Fund could be significantly
different than those predicted by financial models; (vi) the lack of a readily available secondary market for CDOs; (vii) the risk of
forced “fire sale” liquidations due to technical defaults such as coverage test failures; and (viii) the CDO’s manager
may perform poorly.
Risk
of Leveraged Loan Market Price Decline. Prior to the onset of the financial crisis, CLOs holding
corporate loans, hedge funds and other highly leveraged investment vehicles comprised a substantial portion of the market for purchasing
and holding first and second lien secured loans. As the secondary market pricing of the loans underlying these portfolios deteriorated
during the fourth quarter of 2008, it is the Fund’s understanding that many investors, as a result of their generally high degrees
of leverage, were forced to raise cash by selling their interests in performing loans to satisfy margin requirements or the equivalent
of margin requirements imposed by their lenders. This resulted in a forced deleveraging cycle of price declines, compulsory sales and
further price declines, with widespread redemption requests and other constraints resulting from the credit crisis generating further
selling pressure.
Conditions in the leveraged
loan market may experience similar disruption or deterioration, which may cause pricing levels to similarly decline or be volatile. As
a result, the Fund may suffer unrealized depreciation and could incur realized losses in connection with the sale of the Fund’s
syndicated loans, which could have a material adverse impact on the Fund’s business, financial condition and results of operations.
When-Issued
Securities and Forward Commitments. Securities may be purchased on a “forward commitment”
or “when-issued” basis, meaning securities are purchased or sold with payment and delivery taking place in the future, to
secure what is considered to be an advantageous price and yield at the time of entering into the transaction. However, the return on a
comparable security when the transaction is
consummated may
vary from the return on the security at the time that the forward commitment or when-issued transaction was made. From the time of entering
into the transaction until delivery and payment is made at a later date, the securities that are the subject of the transaction are subject
to market fluctuations. In forward commitment or when-issued transactions, if the seller or buyer, as the case may be, fails to consummate
the transaction, the counterparty may miss the opportunity of obtaining a price or yield considered to be advantageous. Forward commitment
or when-issued transactions may occur a month or more before delivery is due. However, no payment or delivery is made until payment is
received or delivery is made from the other party to the transaction.
Repurchase
Agreements and Reverse Repurchase Agreements Risk. Repurchase agreements carry certain risks
not associated with direct investments in securities, including a possible decline in the market value of the underlying obligations.
If their value becomes less than the repurchase price, plus any agreed-upon additional amount, the counterparty must provide additional
collateral so that at all times the collateral is at least equal to the repurchase price plus any agreed-upon additional amount. The difference
between the total amount to be received upon repurchase of the obligations and the price that was paid by the Fund upon acquisition is
accrued as interest and included in its net investment income.
Repurchase agreements involving
obligations other than U.S. Government securities (such as commercial paper and Corporate Bonds) may be subject to special risks and may
not have the benefit of certain protections in the event of the counterparty’s insolvency. In the event of the bankruptcy or other
default of a seller of a repurchase agreement, the Fund could experience both delays in liquidating the underlying securities and losses,
including (i) possible decline in the value of the underlying security during the period in which the Fund seeks to enforce its rights
thereto; (ii) possible lack of access to income on the underlying security during this period; and (iii) expenses of enforcing its rights.
Reverse repurchase agreements
involve the risk that the buyer of the securities sold by the Fund might be unable to deliver them when the Fund seeks to repurchase.
In the event that the buyer of securities under a reverse repurchase agreement files for bankruptcy or becomes insolvent, the buyer, trustee
or receiver may receive an extension of time to determine whether to enforce the Fund’s obligation to repurchase the securities,
and the Fund’s use of the proceeds of the reverse repurchase agreement may effectively be restricted pending such decision.
U.S.
Government Debt Securities Risk. U.S. Government debt securities historically have not involved
the credit risks associated with investments in other types of debt securities, although, as a result, the yields available from U.S.
Government debt securities are generally lower than the yields available from other securities. Like other debt securities, however, the
values of U.S. Government securities change as interest rates fluctuate and in 2011 the credit rating of the United States was downgraded.
Fluctuations in the value of portfolio securities will not affect interest income on existing portfolio securities but will be reflected
in the Fund’s NAV. Because the magnitude of these fluctuations will generally be greater at times when the Fund’s average
maturity is longer, under certain market conditions, the Fund may, for temporary defensive purposes, accept lower current income from
short-term investments rather than investing in higher yielding long-term securities.
Counterparty
Risk. The Fund’s investments may be exposed to the credit risk of the counterparties with
which, or the dealers, brokers and exchanges through which, the Fund deals, whether in exchange-traded or OTC transactions. The Fund may
be subject to the risk of loss of Fund assets on deposit or being settled or cleared with a broker in the event of the broker’s
bankruptcy, the bankruptcy of any clearing broker through which the broker executes and clears transactions on behalf of the Fund, the
bankruptcy of an exchange clearing house or the bankruptcy of any other counterparty. In the case of any such bankruptcy, it is expected
that all securities and other assets deposited with such broker or dealer will be clearly identified as being assets of the Fund and the
Fund should not be exposed to a credit risk with regard to such parties. However, it may not always be possible to achieve this and the
Fund might recover, even in respect of property specifically traceable to the Fund, only a pro
rata share of all property available for distribution to all of the counterparty’s customers
and counterparties. Such an amount may be less than the amounts owed to the Fund. Such events would have an adverse effect on the Fund’s
NAV.
Liquidity
Risk. The Fund generally considers “illiquid securities” to be securities or loans
that cannot be sold within seven days in the ordinary course of business at approximately the value used by the Fund in determining its
NAV. The Fund may not be able to readily dispose of such securities or loans at prices that
approximate those at which the Fund could sell the securities
or loans if they were more widely traded and, as a result of that illiquidity, the Fund may have to sell other investments or engage in
borrowing transactions if necessary to raise cash to meet its obligations. Limited liquidity can also affect the market price of securities,
thereby adversely affecting the Fund’s NAV and ability to make dividend distributions.
Some Syndicated Loans are
not readily marketable and may be subject to restrictions on resale. Syndicated Loans generally are not listed on any national securities
exchange and no active trading market may exist for the Syndicated Loans in which the Fund may invest. When a secondary market exists,
if at all, the market for some Syndicated Loans may be subject to irregular trading activity, wide bid/ask spreads and extended trade
settlement periods. The Fund has no limitation on the amount of its assets that may be invested in securities that are not readily marketable
or are subject to restrictions on resale.
Valuation
Risk. Where possible, the Advisor utilizes independent pricing services to value certain portfolio
instruments at their market value. If the pricing services are unable to provide a market value or if a significant event occurs such
that the valuation(s) provided are deemed unreliable, the Advisor may value portfolio instrument(s) at their fair value, which is generally
the amount an owner might reasonably expect to receive upon a current sale. Valuation risks associated with investing in Syndicated Loans
including, but not limited to: a limited number of market participants compared to publicly traded investment grade securities, a lack
of publicly available information about some borrowers, resale restrictions, settlement delays, corporate actions and adverse market conditions
may make it difficult to value or sell such instruments.
A large percentage of the
Fund’s portfolio investments are not publicly traded. The fair value of investments that are not publicly traded may not be readily
determinable. The Advisor values these investments at fair value as determined in good faith. The types of factors that may be considered
in valuing the Fund’s investments include the enterprise value of the portfolio company (the entire value of the portfolio company
to a market participant, including the sum of the values of debt and equity securities used to capitalize the enterprise at a point in
time), the nature and realizable value of any collateral, the portfolio company’s ability to make payments and its earnings and
discounted cash flows, the markets in which the portfolio company does business, a comparison of the portfolio company’s securities
to similar publicly traded securities, changes in the interest rate environment and the credit markets generally that may affect the price
at which similar investments would trade in their principal markets and other relevant factors. When an external event such as a purchase
transaction, public offering or subsequent equity sale occurs, the Advisor considers the pricing indicated by the external event to corroborate
the Advisor’s valuation. Because such valuations, and particularly valuations of private investments and private companies, are
inherently uncertain, may fluctuate over short periods of time and may be based on estimates, the Advisor’s determinations of fair
value may differ materially from the values that would have been used if a ready market for these investments existed and may differ materially
from the values that the Fund may ultimately realize. The Fund’s NAV per share could be adversely affected if the Advisor’s
determinations regarding the fair value of these investments are higher than the values that the Fund realizes upon disposition of such
investments.
Leverage
Risk. The Fund intends to utilize leverage and may utilize leverage to the maximum extent permitted
by law for investment and other general corporate purposes. The Fund may obtain leverage by issuing preferred shares and/or notes and
it may also borrow funds from banks and other financial institutions. The Fund may also gain leverage synthetically through swaps and
other Derivatives. The use of leverage to purchase additional securities creates an opportunity for increased Share dividends, but also
creates risks for the Fund’s Shareholders, including increased variability of the Fund’s net income, distributions, NAV of
its Shares in relation to market changes. Leverage is a speculative technique that exposes the Fund to greater risk and increased costs
than if it were not implemented. Increases and decreases in the value of the Fund’s portfolio will be magnified if the Fund uses
leverage. In particular, leverage may magnify interest rate risk, which is the risk that the prices of portfolio securities will fall
(or rise) if market interest rates for those types of securities rise (or fall). As a result, leverage may cause greater changes in the
Fund’s NAV, which will be borne entirely by the Fund’s Shareholders, and in the price at which its Shares trade in the secondary
market. To the extent that the Fund makes investments in Syndicated Loans or other debt instruments structured with floors based on LIBOR,
SOFR, or another reference rate, the Fund will not realize additional income if rates increase during periods when LIBOR,
SOFR, or another reference rate remains below the applicable
floor but the Fund’s cost of financing is expected to increase, resulting in the potential for a decrease in the level of income
available for dividends or distributions made by the Fund. If the Fund issues preferred shares, such as the MRP Shares, and/or notes or
engages in other borrowings, it will have to pay dividends on its preferred shares or interest on its notes or borrowings, which will
increase expenses and may reduce the Fund’s return. These dividend payments or interest expenses (which will be borne entirely by
Shareholders) may be greater than the Fund’s return on the underlying investments. The Fund’s leveraging strategy, if utilized,
may not be successful.
The Fund may issue preferred
shares and/or notes or other forms of indebtedness as a form of leverage. These means of obtaining leverage would be senior to the Fund’s
Shares, such that holders of preferred shares and/or notes or other Fund indebtedness would have priority over the Shareholders in the
distribution of the Fund’s assets, including dividends, distributions of principal and liquidating distributions. If preferred shares
are issued and outstanding, holders of preferred shares would vote together with the holders of Shares on all matters, including the election
of trustees. Additionally, holders of preferred shares would have the right separately to elect two trustees of the Fund, voting separately
as a class, and would vote separately as a class on certain matters which may at times give holders of preferred shares disproportionate
influence over the Fund’s affairs. If the preferred shares were limited in their term, redemptions of such preferred shares would
require the Fund to liquidate its investments and would reduce the Fund’s use of leverage, which could negatively impact Shareholders.
Because the Fund has issued Preferred Shares and has issued other forms of indebtedness, its ability to make distributions to its Shareholders
is limited by the asset coverage requirements and other limitations imposed by the 1940 Act and the terms of the Fund’s indebtedness.
As a closed-end management
investment company, the Fund is permitted, under specified conditions, to issue senior securities that are stock if the Fund’s asset
coverage, as defined in the 1940 Act, is at least equal to 200% immediately after issuance. As defined in the 1940 Act, asset coverage
of 200% means that for every $100 of net assets the Fund holds, the Fund may raise $100 from issuing senior securities. Under the 1940
Act, the preferred stock the Fund issues, including the MRP Shares, will constitute a “senior security” for purposes of the
200% asset coverage test. In addition, while any senior securities remain outstanding, the Fund will be required to make provisions to
prohibit any dividend distribution to the Fund’s shareholders or the repurchase of such securities or shares unless the Fund meets
the applicable asset coverage ratios at the time of the distribution or repurchase after giving effect to the distribution or repurchase.
The Fund is also permitted to borrow amounts up to 5% of the value of the Fund’s total assets for temporary purposes without regard
to asset coverage, which borrowings would not be considered senior securities, provided that any such borrowings in excess of 5% of the
value of the Fund’s total assets would be subject to the asset coverage ratio requirements of the 1940 Act, even if for temporary
purposes.
Under the 1940 Act, the
Fund is permitted to incur greater effective leverage through the use of preferred stock than through the use of debt. As a result of
the Fund’s issuance of the MRP Shares, the risk of the Fund incurring additional losses from its use of leverage is further heightened.
The Fund may also choose to add leverage through the issuance of additional Preferred Shares.
The Fund will pay (and
Shareholders will bear) all costs and expenses relating to the issuance and ongoing maintenance of any preferred shares and/or notes or
other forms of indebtedness issued by the Fund, including higher advisory fees. As a result, the Fund cannot assure you that the issuance
of preferred shares and/or notes or other forms of indebtedness will provide a higher yield or return to the holders of the Fund’s
Shares. If the Fund offers and/or issues preferred shares and/or notes or other forms of indebtedness, the costs of the offering will
be borne immediately by the Fund’s Shareholders and result in a reduction of the NAV of the Fund’s Shares.
The Fund anticipates that
any money borrowed from a bank or other financial institution for investment purposes will accrue interest based on shorter-term interest
rates that would be periodically reset. So long as the Fund’s portfolio provides a higher rate of return, net of expenses, than
the interest rate on borrowed money, as reset periodically, the leverage may cause Shareholders to receive a higher current rate of return
than if the Fund were not leveraged. If, however, long-term and/or short-term rates rise, the interest rate on borrowed money could exceed
the rate of return on securities held by the Fund, reducing returns to Shareholders. Developments in the credit markets may adversely
affect the ability of the Fund to borrow for investment purposes and may increase the costs of such borrowings, which would reduce returns
to Shareholders.
There is no assurance that a leveraging
strategy will be successful. Leverage involves risks and special considerations for Shareholders, including:
•
the
likelihood of greater volatility of NAV and dividend rate of Shares than a comparable portfolio without leverage;
•
the
risk that fluctuations in interest rates on borrowings or in dividend payments on, principal proceeds distributed to, or redemption of
any preferred shares and/or notes or other forms of indebtedness that the Fund has issued will reduce the return to the Shareholders;
•
the
effect of leverage in a declining market, which is likely to cause a greater decline in the NAV of the Fund’s Shares than if the
Fund were not leveraged;
•
when
the Fund uses financial leverage, the investment advisory fees payable to the Advisors will be higher than if the Fund did not use leverage,
and may provide a financial incentive to the Advisors to increase the Fund’s use of leverage and create an inherent conflict of
interest; and
•
leverage
may increase expenses (which will be borne entirely by Shareholders), which may reduce total return.
If the Fund issues preferred
shares and/or notes or other forms of indebtedness, the Fund may be subject to certain restrictions on investments imposed by the guidelines
of one or more rating agencies, which may issue ratings for the preferred shares and/or notes or short-term debt securities issued by
the Fund, or may be subject to covenants or other restrictions imposed by its lenders. These guidelines may impose asset coverage or portfolio
composition requirements that are more stringent than those imposed by the 1940 Act. Certain types of borrowings by the Fund may result
in the Fund being subject to covenants relating to asset coverage and portfolio composition requirements. These covenants and restrictions
may negatively affect the Fund’s ability to achieve its investment objective. The Fund is subject to certain requirements described
above in connection with its issuance of the MRP Shares.
Effects
of Leverage. The table below assumes that the Fund’s continued use of Preferred Shares
represents approximately 11.48% of the Fund’s Managed Assets, borrowings represent approximately 18.87% of the Fund’s Managed
Assets as of March 31, 2023 and the Fund bears expenses relating to such Preferred Shares and borrowings at annual effective stated interest
rates of 2.98% and 6.16%,
respectively (based on dividend rates for such Preferred Shares and interest rates for such borrowings as of a recent date). The table
below also assumes that the annual return that the Fund’s portfolio must experience (net of expenses not related to Preferred Shares
or borrowings) in order to cover the costs of such leverage would be approximately 1.42%. These figures are estimates based on current
market conditions, used for illustration purposes only. Actual expenses associated with Preferred Shares and borrowings used by the Fund
may vary frequently and may be significantly higher or lower than the rate used for the example above.
The following table is designed
to illustrate the effects of the Fund’s leverage due to senior securities on corresponding Share total return, assuming investment
portfolio total returns (consisting of income and changes in the value of investments held in the Fund’s portfolio) of -10%, -5%,
0%, 5% and 10%. These assumed investment portfolio returns are hypothetical figures and are not necessarily indicative of the investment
portfolio returns expected to be experienced by the Fund. Your actual returns may be greater or less than those appearing below.
|
Assumed Return on Portfolio |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
(Net of Expenses not related to Preferred Shares or
borrowings) |
|
|
|
|
(10.00)% |
|
|
|
|
|
(5.00)% |
|
|
|
|
|
0.00% |
|
|
|
|
|
5.00% |
|
|
|
|
|
10.00% |
|
|
|
Corresponding Share Total Return |
|
|
|
|
(17.24)% |
|
|
|
|
|
(9.69)% |
|
|
|
|
|
(2.14)% |
|
|
|
|
|
5.40% |
|
|
|
|
|
12.95% |
|
|
Corresponding Share total
return is composed of two elements — the Share dividends paid by the Fund (the amount of which is largely determined
by the net investment income of the Fund after paying dividends on Preferred Shares and interest expenses on the Fund’s borrowings)
and gains or losses on the value of the securities the Fund owns.
Warrants
Risk. Warrants give holders the right, but not the obligation, to buy common stock of an issuer
at a given price, usually higher than the market price at the time of issuance, during a specified period. The risk of investing in a
warrant is that the warrant may expire prior to the market value of the common stock exceeding the price fixed by the warrant. Warrants
have a subordinate claim on a borrower’s assets compared with Syndicated Loans. As a result, the values of warrants generally are
dependent on the financial condition of the borrower and less dependent on fluctuations in interest rates than are the values of many
debt securities. The values of warrants may be more volatile than those of Syndicated Loans or Corporate Bonds and this may increase the
volatility of the NAV of the common shares.
Contingent
Liabilities. From time to time the
Fund may incur contingent liabilities in connection with an investment. For example, the Fund may purchase a revolving credit facility
from a lender that has not yet been fully drawn. If the borrower subsequently draws down on the facility, the Fund would be obligated
to fund the amounts due. The Fund may also enter into agreements pursuant to which it agrees to assume responsibility for default risk
presented by a third party, and may, on the other hand, enter into agreements through which third parties offer default protection to
the Fund.
Cost
of Capital and Net Investment Income Risk. If the Fund uses debt to finance investments, its
net investment income may depend, in part, upon the difference between the rate at which it borrows funds and the rate at which it invests
those funds. As a result, the Fund can offer no assurance that a significant change in market interest rates will not have a material
adverse effect on the Fund’s net investment income. In periods of rising interest rates when it has debt outstanding, the Fund’s
cost of funds will increase, which could reduce the Fund’s net investment income. The Fund may use interest rate risk management
techniques in an effort to limit its exposure to interest rate fluctuations. These techniques may include various interest rate hedging
activities to the extent permitted by the 1940 Act. These activities may limit its ability to participate in the benefits of lower interest
rates with respect to the hedged portfolio. Adverse developments resulting from changes in interest rates or hedging transactions could
have a material adverse effect on the Fund’s business, financial condition and results of operations.
A rise in the general level
of interest rates can be expected to lead to higher interest rates applicable to the Fund’s debt investments, particularly to the
extent that it holds floating rate debt securities. Accordingly, an increase in interest rates would make it easier for the Fund to meet
or exceed the Incentive Fee hurdle rate and may result in a substantial increase to the amount of Incentive Fees payable to the Advisors
with respect to pre-incentive fee net investment income. See “Management and Incentive Fees.”
Distressed
Investments, Litigation, Bankruptcy and Other Proceedings Risk. Investments in distressed securities
involve a material risk of involving the Fund in a related litigation. Such litigation can be time consuming and expensive, and can frequently
lead to unpredicted delays or losses. Litigation expenses, including payments pursuant to settlements or judgments, generally will be
borne by the Fund.
There are a number of significant
risks when investing in companies involved in bankruptcy or other reorganization proceedings, and many events in a bankruptcy are the
product of contested matters and adversary proceedings which are beyond the control of the creditors. A bankruptcy filing may have adverse
and permanent effects on a company. Further, if the proceeding is converted to a liquidation, the liquidation value of the company may
not equal the liquidation value that was believed to exist at the time of the investment. In addition, the duration of a bankruptcy or
other reorganization proceeding is difficult to predict. A creditor’s return on investment can be impacted adversely by delays while
a plan of reorganization is being negotiated, approved by the creditors and, if applicable, confirmed by the bankruptcy court, and until
it ultimately becomes effective. In bankruptcy, certain claims, such as claims for taxes, wages and certain trade claims, may have priority
by law over the claims of certain creditors and administrative costs in connection with a bankruptcy proceeding are frequently high and
will be paid out of the debtor’s estate prior to any return to creditors.
Certain fixed-income securities
invested in by the Fund could be subject to U.S. federal, state or non-U.S. bankruptcy laws or fraudulent transfer or conveyance laws,
if such securities were issued with the intent of hindering, delaying or defrauding creditors or, in certain circumstances, if the issuer
receives less than reasonably equivalent value or fair consideration in return for issuing such securities. If a court were to find that
the issuance of the securities was a fraudulent transfer or conveyance, the court could void the payment obligations under the securities,
further subordinate the securities to other existing and future
indebtedness of the issuer or require the Fund to repay any
amounts received by it with respect to the securities. In the event of a finding that a fraudulent transfer or conveyance occurred, the
Fund may not receive any payment on the securities. If the Fund or the Advisors is found to have interfered with the affairs of a company
in which the Fund holds a debt investment, to the detriment of other creditors or common shareholders of such company, the Fund may be
held liable for damages to injured parties or a bankruptcy court. While the Fund will attempt to avoid taking the types of action that
would lead to such liability, there can be no assurance that such claims will not be asserted or that the Fund will be able to successfully
defend against them. Moreover, such debt may be disallowed or subordinated to the claims of other creditors or treated as equity.
Insofar as the Fund’s
portfolio includes obligations of non-United States obligors, the laws of certain foreign jurisdictions may provide for avoidance remedies
under factual circumstances similar to those described above or under different circumstances, with consequences that may or may not be
analogous to those described above under U.S. federal or state laws. Changes in bankruptcy laws (including U.S. federal and state laws
and applicable non-United States laws) may adversely impact the Fund’s securities.
Lender
Liability Risk. A number of U.S. judicial decisions have upheld judgments of borrowers against
lending institutions on the basis of various evolving legal theories, collectively termed “lender liability”. Generally, lender
liability is founded on the premise that a lender has violated a duty (whether implied or contractual) of good faith, commercial reasonableness
and fair dealing, or a similar duty owed to the Borrower or has assumed an excessive degree of control over the Borrower resulting in
the creation of a fiduciary duty owed to the Borrower or its other creditors or shareholders. Because of the nature of its investments,
the Fund may be subject to allegations of lender liability.
In addition, under common
law principles that in some cases form the basis for lender liability claims, if a lender or bondholder (i) intentionally takes an action
that results in the undercapitalization of a Borrower to the detriment of other creditors of such Borrower; (ii) engages in inequitable
conduct to the detriment of the other creditors; (iii) engages in fraud with respect to, or makes misrepresentations to, the other creditors;
or (iv) uses its influence as a shareholder to dominate or control a Borrower to the detriment of other creditors of the Borrower, a court
may elect to subordinate the claim of the offending lender or bondholder to the claims of the disadvantaged creditor or creditors, a remedy
called “equitable subordination”.
Because affiliates of, or
persons related to, the Advisors may hold equity or other interests in obligors of the Fund, the Fund could be exposed to claims for equitable
subordination or lender liability or both based on such equity or other holdings.
Sourcing
of Suitable Assets Risk. No assurance can be given the Advisors will be able to find enough
appropriate investments that meet the Fund’s investment criteria.
Reinvestment
Risk. The Fund may reinvest the cash flows received from a security. There is a risk that the
interest rate at which interim cash flows can be reinvested will fall. Reinvestment risk is greater for longer holding periods and for
securities with large, early cash flows such as high-coupon bonds. Reinvestment risk also applies generally to the reinvestment of the
proceeds the Fund receives upon the maturity or sale of an investment in a portfolio company.
Small-Cap
and Mid-Cap Risk. The Fund may invest from time to time in smaller and midsize companies and
the securities of such portfolio companies tend to be more volatile and less liquid than those of larger companies. The markets for these
securities are also less liquid than those for larger companies. This can adversely affect the prices at which the Fund can purchase and
sell these securities, and thus the value of the Shares.
Privately
Held Middle-Market Company Risk. The Fund’s direct lending investments primarily represent
investments in privately held U.S. middle market companies. Investments in privately held middle-market companies involve a number of
significant risks, including the following:
•
these
companies may have limited financial resources and may be unable to meet their obligations, which may be accompanied by a deterioration
in the value of any collateral and a reduction in the likelihood of the Fund realizing any guarantees it may have obtained in connection
with its investment;
•
they typically have shorter operating
histories, narrower product lines and smaller market shares than larger businesses, which tend to render them more vulnerable to competitors’
actions and market conditions, as well as general economic downturns;
•
they
typically depend on the management talents and efforts of a small group of persons; therefore, the death, disability, resignation or termination
of one or more of these persons could have a material adverse effect on the Fund’s portfolio company and, in turn, on us;
•
there
is generally little public information about these companies. These companies and their financial information are not subject to the Exchange
Act and other regulations that govern public companies, and the Fund may be unable to uncover all material information about these companies,
which may prevent the Fund from making a fully informed investment decision and cause us to lose money on the Fund’s investments;
•
they
generally have less predictable operating results and may require substantial additional capital to support their operations, finance
expansion or maintain their competitive position;
•
the
Fund’s executive officers, trustees and the Advisors may, in the ordinary course of business, be named as defendants in litigation
arising from the Fund’s investments in the Fund’s portfolio companies;
•
changes
in laws and regulations, as well as their interpretations, may adversely affect their business, financial structure or prospects; and
•
they
may have difficulty accessing the capital markets to meet future capital needs.
Fraud
Risk. A major concern when investing in loans and other debt securities is the possibility of
a material misrepresentation or omission on the part of the borrower. Such inaccuracy or incompleteness may adversely affect the valuation
of the collateral underlying the loans or may adversely affect the ability of the Fund to perfect or effectuate a lien on the collateral
securing the loan. The Fund relies upon the accuracy and completeness of representations made by borrowers to the extent reasonable when
it makes its investments, but cannot guarantee such accuracy or completeness. Under certain circumstances, payments to the Fund may be
reclaimed if any such payment or distribution is later determined to have been a fraudulent conveyance or a preferential payment.
Risks Relating to the Fund’s
Investment Program
Market
and Economic Risks. The Fund and its portfolio companies may be materially affected by market,
economic and political conditions globally and in the jurisdictions and sectors in which they invest or operate, including factors affecting
interest rates, the availability of credit, currency exchange rates and trade barriers. These factors are outside the Fund’s control
and could adversely affect the liquidity and value of its investments, and may reduce the ability of the Fund to make attractive new investments.
Trends and historical events
do not imply, forecast or predict future events and past performance is not necessarily indicative of future results. There can be no
assurance that the assumptions made or the beliefs and expectations currently held by the Advisors or their affiliates will prove correct,
and actual events and circumstances may vary significantly.
The Fund may be subject to
risk arising from a default by one of several large institutions that are dependent on one another to meet their liquidity or operational
needs, so that a default by one institution may cause a series of defaults by the other institutions. This is sometimes referred to as
“systemic risk” and may adversely affect Financial Intermediaries, such as clearing agencies, clearing houses, banks, securities
firms and exchanges, with which the Fund interacts on a daily basis.
Instability in the credit
markets has made it more difficult at certain times for a number of issuers of debt instruments to obtain financing or refinancing for
their investment or lending activities or operations. In particular, because of volatile conditions in the credit markets, issuers of
debt instruments may be subject to increased cost for debt, tightening underwriting standards and reduced liquidity for loans they make,
securities they purchase and securities they issue. Certain Borrowers may, due to macroeconomic conditions, be unable to repay their Syndicated
Loans or other debt obligations because of these conditions. A Borrower’s failure to satisfy financial or operating covenants imposed
by lenders could lead to defaults
and, potentially, termination of the Syndicated Loans and
foreclosure on the underlying secured assets, which could trigger cross-defaults under other agreements and jeopardize a Borrower’s
ability to meet its obligations under its debt instruments. The Fund may incur expenses to the extent necessary to seek recovery upon
default or to negotiate new terms with a defaulting Borrower. The Fund may also experience a loss of principal.
These developments also (i)
may make it more difficult for the Fund to accurately value its portfolio securities or to sell its portfolio securities on a timely basis;
(ii) could adversely affect the ability of the Fund to use leverage for investment purposes and increase the cost of such leverage, which
would reduce returns to the Shareholders; and (iii) may adversely affect the broader economy, which in turn may adversely affect the ability
of issuers of securities owned by the Fund to make payments of principal and interest when due, lead to lower credit ratings of the issuer
and increased defaults by the issuer. Such developments could, in turn, reduce the value of securities owned by the Fund and adversely
affect the NAV of the Shares.
Non-U.S.
Securities Risk. The Fund may invest in securities, including direct loans, Syndicated Loans
and Subordinated Loans, of non-U.S. issuers or Borrowers. These investments involve certain risks not involved in domestic investments
and may experience more rapid and extreme changes in value than investments in securities of U.S. companies. Markets for these investments
in foreign countries often are not as developed, efficient or liquid as similar markets in the United States, and therefore, the prices
of non-U.S. securities may be more volatile. Certain foreign countries may impose restrictions on the ability of issuers of non-U.S. securities
to make payments of principal and interest to investors located outside the country, whether from currency blockage or otherwise. In addition,
the Fund will be subject to risks associated with adverse political and economic developments in foreign countries, including seizure
or nationalization of foreign deposits, different legal systems and laws relating to creditors’ rights and the potential inability
to enforce legal judgments, all of which could cause the Fund to lose money on its investments in non-U.S. securities. Generally, there
is less readily available and reliable information about non-U.S. issuers or Borrowers due to less rigorous disclosure or accounting standards
and regulatory practices. The ability of a foreign sovereign issuer to make timely payments on its debt obligations will also be strongly
influenced by the sovereign issuer’s balance of payments, including export performance, its access to international credit facilities
and investments, fluctuations of interest rates and the extent of its foreign reserves. The cost of servicing external debt generally
will also be adversely affected by rising international interest rates, as many external debt obligations bear interest at rates that
are adjusted based upon international interest rates. Investments in so-called “emerging markets” (or lesser developed
countries) are particularly speculative and entail all of the risks of investing in non-U.S. securities but to a heightened degree. Compared
to developed countries, emerging market countries may have relatively unstable governments, economies based on only a few industries and
securities markets that trade a small number of securities. Securities issued by companies located in emerging market countries tend to
be especially volatile and may be less liquid than securities traded in developed countries. Additionally, companies in emerging market
countries may not be subject to accounting, auditing, financial reporting and recordkeeping requirements that are as robust as those in
more developed countries.
Economic sanctions may be,
and have been, imposed against certain countries, organizations, companies, entities and/or individuals. Economic sanctions and other
similar governmental actions or developments could, among other things, effectively restrict or eliminate the Fund’s ability to
purchase or sell certain foreign securities or groups of foreign securities, and thus may make the Fund’s investments in such securities
less liquid or more difficult to value. Such sanctions may also cause a decline in the value of securities issued by the sanctioned country
or companies located in or economically tied to the sanctioned country. In addition, as a result of economic sanctions and other similar
governmental actions or developments, the Fund may be forced to sell or otherwise dispose of foreign investments at inopportune times
or prices.
Foreign
Currency Risk. Because the Fund may invest in securities denominated or quoted in currencies
other than the U.S. dollar, changes in foreign currency exchange rates may affect the value of securities in the Fund and the unrealized
appreciation or depreciation of investments. Currencies of certain countries may be volatile and therefore may affect the value of securities
denominated in such currencies, which means that the Fund’s NAV could decline as a result of changes in the exchange rates between
foreign currencies and the U.S. dollar. The Advisors may, but are not required to, elect for the Fund to seek
to protect itself
from changes in currency exchange rates through hedging transactions depending on market conditions. The Fund may incur costs in connection
with the conversions between various currencies. In addition, certain countries may impose foreign currency exchange controls or other
restrictions on the repatriation, transferability or convertibility of currency.
Currency
Hedging Risk. The Advisors may seek to hedge all or a portion of the Fund’s foreign currency
risk. However, the Advisors cannot guarantee that it will be practical to hedge these risks in certain markets or conditions or that any
efforts to do so will be successful.
Arbitrage
Risk. The Fund may engage in capital structure arbitrage and other arbitrage strategies. Arbitrage
strategies entail various risks, including the risk that external events, regulatory approvals and other factors will impact the consummation
of announced corporate events and/or the prices of certain positions. In addition, hedging is an important feature of capital structure
arbitrage. There is no guarantee that the Advisors will be able to hedge the Fund’s investment portfolio in the manner necessary
to employ successfully the Fund’s strategy.
Market
Disruption and Geopolitical Risk. Disease outbreaks, public health emergencies (e.g.,
the coronavirus outbreak, epidemics and other pandemics), the European sovereign debt crisis, instability in the Chinese capital markets,
the effect of the United Kingdom (the “U.K.”) leaving the European Union (the “EU”), terrorist attacks in the
United States and around the world, the impact of natural disasters, growing social and political discord in the United States, the European
debt crisis, the response of the international community — through economic sanctions and otherwise — the
war in Ukraine and Russia, increasingly strained relations between the United States and a number of foreign countries, including traditional
allies, such as certain European countries, and historical adversaries, such as North Korea, Iran, China and Russia, and the international
community generally, new and continued political unrest in various countries may result in market volatility, may have long-term adverse
effects on the United States and worldwide financial markets and may cause further economic uncertainties in the United States and worldwide.
The Fund does not know how long the financial markets may be affected by these events and cannot predict the effects of these events or
similar events in the future on the U.S. and global economies and financial markets. Wars and occupation, terrorism and related geopolitical
risks have led, and may in the future lead, to increased short-term market volatility and may have adverse long-term effects on U.S. and
global economies and markets generally. These events could have an acute effect on individual issuers or related groups of issuers. These
events could also impact interest rates, secondary trading, ratings, credit risk, inflation and other factors relating to an investment
in the Shares. During periods of market disruption, portfolio companies may be more likely to seek to draw on unfunded commitments the
Fund has made, and the risk of being unable to fund such commitments is heightened during such periods.
The Fund may be adversely
affected by abrogation of international agreements and national laws which have created the market instruments in which the Fund may invest,
failure of the designated national and international authorities to enforce compliance with the same laws and agreements, failure of local,
national and international organization to carry out their duties prescribed to them under the relevant agreements, revisions of these
laws and agreements which dilute their effectiveness or conflicting interpretation of provisions of the same laws and agreements. Syndicated
Loans and Corporate Bonds rated below investment grade and investments with similar characteristics tend to be more volatile than investment
grade fixed income securities and, as a result, these events and other market disruptions may have a greater impact on the prices and
volatility of such instruments than on investment grade fixed income securities. There can be no assurance that such market disruptions
may not have other material and adverse implications for the Syndicated Loan and Corporate Bond markets or other markets in which the
Fund may invest.
Certain of the Fund’s
portfolio companies’ businesses could be adversely affected by the effects of health pandemics or epidemics, including the ongoing
COVID-19 global pandemic, the evolution of which continues to be uncertain. Recurring COVID-19 outbreaks around the world have heightened
concerns relating to new and potentially more dangerous virus variants, which, if transmitted around the globe could lead to the re-introduction
of restrictions that were in place in 2020, 2021, and to a lesser extent in 2022, or even the adoption of other more strict measures to
combat outbreaks. Another severe outbreak of COVID-19 or another pandemic can disrupt the Fund’s and the Fund’s portfolio
companies’ businesses and materially and adversely impact the Fund’s and/or the Fund’s portfolio companies’ financial
results.
The COVID-19 pandemic contributed to certain
conditions associated with the current macroeconomic environment and caused significant disruptions and instabilities in the global and
U.S. financial markets or deteriorations in credit and financing conditions. A resurgence of COVID-19 or another pandemic with effects
similar to those of COVID-19 may adversely affect the Fund’s and the Fund’s portfolio companies’ liquidity positions.
U.S. and global markets recently
have experienced increased volatility, including as a result of the recent failures of certain U.S. and non-U.S. banks, which could be
harmful to the Fund and issuers in which it invests. For example, if a bank in which the Fund or issuer has an account fails, any cash
or other assets in bank accounts may be temporarily inaccessible or permanently lost by the Fund or issuer. If a bank that provides a
subscription line credit facility, asset-based facility, other credit facility and/or other services to an issuer fails, the issuer could
be unable to draw funds under its credit facilities or obtain replacement credit facilities or other services from other lending institutions
with similar terms. Even if banks used by issuers in which the Fund invests remain solvent, continued volatility in the banking sector
could cause or intensify an economic recession, increase the costs of banking services or result in the issuers being unable to obtain
or refinance indebtedness at all or on as favorable terms as could otherwise have been obtained. Conditions in the banking sector are
evolving, and the scope of any potential impacts to the Fund and issuers, both from market conditions and also potential legislative or
regulatory responses, are uncertain. Continued market volatility and uncertainty and/or a downturn in market and economic and financial
conditions, as a result of developments in the banking industry or otherwise (including as a result of delayed access to cash or credit
facilities), could have an adverse impact on the Fund and issuers in which it invests.
U.S.
Credit Rating and European Economic Crisis Risk. In August 2011, S&P lowered its long-term
sovereign credit rating on the United States from “AAA” to “AA+,” which was re-affirmed by S&P in June 2016.
In January 2012, S&P lowered its long-term sovereign credit ratings for France, Italy, Spain and six other European countries, which
negatively impacted global markets and economic conditions. During subsequent periods, S&P further lowered its long-term sovereign
credit rating for Spain. S&P subsequently raised its long-term sovereign credit rating on Spain to “BBB,” but its current
credit rating still signifies significant ongoing risk. Recent U.S. budget deficit concerns, together with signs of deteriorating sovereign
debt conditions in Europe, have increased the possibility of additional credit-rating downgrades and economic slowdowns. The impact of
any further downgrade to the U.S. government’s sovereign credit rating, or its perceived creditworthiness, and the impact of the
current crisis in Europe with respect to the ability of certain European Union (“EU”) countries to continue to service their
sovereign debt obligations is inherently unpredictable and could adversely affect the U.S. and global financial markets and economic conditions.
In addition, the economic downturn and the significant government interventions into the financial markets and fiscal stimulus spending
over the last several years have contributed to significantly increased U.S. budget deficits. There can be no assurance that future fiscal
or monetary measures to aid economic recovery will be effective. These developments and reactions of the credit markets to these developments
could cause interest rates and borrowing costs to rise, which may negatively impact the Fund’s ability to obtain debt financing
on favorable terms. In addition, any adverse economic conditions resulting from any further downgrade of the U.S. government’s sovereign
credit rating or the economic crisis in Europe could have a material adverse effect on the Fund’s business, financial condition
and results of operations.
Government
Intervention in the Financial Markets Risk. Instability in the financial markets has led the
U.S. Government, the Federal Reserve and foreign governments and central banks around the world to take a number of unprecedented actions
designed to support certain financial institutions and segments of the financial markets that have experienced extreme volatility, and
in some cases a lack of liquidity. U.S. federal and state and foreign governments, their regulatory agencies or self-regulatory organizations
may take additional actions that affect the regulation of the securities, debt instruments or structured products in which the Fund invests,
or the issuers of such securities or structured products, in ways that are unforeseeable or not fully understood or anticipated. Governments
or their agencies may also acquire distressed assets from financial institutions and acquire ownership interests in those institutions.
The implications of government ownership and disposition of these assets are unclear, and such programs may have positive or negative
effects on the liquidity, valuation and performance of the Fund’s portfolio holdings. Furthermore, volatile financial markets can
expose the Fund to greater market and liquidity risk
and potential difficulty
in valuing portfolio instruments held by the Fund. The Advisor will monitor developments and seek to manage the Fund’s portfolio
in a manner consistent with achieving the Fund’s investment objective, but there can be no assurance that it will be successful
in doing so.
European
Risk. The Fund may invest a portion of its capital in debt securities issued by issuers domiciled
in Europe, including issuers domiciled in the U.K. Concerns regarding the sovereign debt of various Eurozone countries and proposals for
investors to incur substantial write-downs and reductions in the face value of the sovereign debt of certain countries give rise to concerns
about sovereign defaults, the possibility that one or more countries might leave the EU or the Eurozone and various proposals (still under
consideration and unclear in material respects) for support of affected countries and the Euro as a currency. The outcome of any such
situation cannot be predicted. Sovereign debt defaults and EU and/or Eurozone exits could have material adverse effects on investments
by the Fund in securities of European companies, including but not limited to the availability of credit to support such companies’
financing needs, uncertainty and disruption in relation to financing, customer and supply contracts denominated in Euro and wider economic
disruption in markets served by those companies, while austerity and other measures that have been introduced in order to limit or contain
these issues may themselves lead to economic contraction and resulting adverse effects for the Fund. A number of the Fund’s securities
may be denominated in the Euro. Legal uncertainty about the funding of Euro denominated obligations following any breakup or exits from
the Eurozone (particularly in the case of investments in securities of companies in affected countries) could also have material adverse
effects on the Fund. The U.K. ceased to be a member state of the EU on January 31, 2020 commonly referred to as “Brexit,”
and the transition period provided for in the withdrawal agreement entered by the U.K. and the EU ended on December 31, 2020. In December
2020, the U.K. and the EU agreed on a trade and cooperation agreement, which was subsequently ratified by the parties. The trade and cooperation
agreement covers the general objectives and framework of the relationship between the U.K. and the EU. The impact of Brexit on the U.K.
and EU and the broader global economy is unknown but could be significant and could result in increased volatility and illiquidity and
potentially lower economic growth. Brexit also may lead to greater volatility in the global currency and financial markets, which could
adversely affect the Fund. In connection with investments in non-U.S. issuers, the Fund may engage in foreign currency exchange transactions
but is not required to hedge its currency exposure. As such, the Fund makes investments that are denominated in British pound sterling
or Euros. The Fund’s assets are valued in U.S. dollars and the depreciation of the British pound sterling and/or the Euro in relation
to the U.S. dollar could adversely affect the Fund’s investments denominated in British pound sterling or Euros that are not fully
hedged regardless of the performance of the underlying issuer.
Economic
Recession or Downturn Risk. Many of the Fund’s portfolio companies may be susceptible
to economic slowdowns or recessions and may be unable to repay the Fund’s debt investments during these periods. Therefore, the
Fund’s non-performing assets are likely to increase, and the value of its portfolio is likely to decrease, during these periods.
Adverse economic conditions may also decrease the value of any collateral securing the Fund’s secured loans. A prolonged recession
may further decrease the value of such collateral and result in losses of value in the Fund’s portfolio and a decrease in the Fund’s
revenues, net income and NAV. Unfavorable economic conditions also could increase the Fund’s funding costs, limit the Fund’s
access to the capital markets or result in a decision by lenders not to extend credit to it on terms it deems acceptable. These events
could prevent the Fund from increasing investments and harm the Fund’s operating results.
Legal
and Regulatory Risks. Additionally, in August 2022, Rule 18f-4 under the 1940 Act, regarding
the ability of a registered investment company to use derivatives and other transactions that create future payment or delivery obligations
(except reverse repurchase agreements and similar financing transactions), became effective. Under the new rule, registered investment
companies that make significant use of derivatives are required to operate subject to a value-at-risk leverage limit, adopt a derivatives
risk management program and appoint a derivatives risk manager, and comply with various testing and board reporting requirements. Such
requirements may limit the ability of the Fund to invest in derivatives, short sales and similar financing transactions, limit the Fund’s
ability to employ certain strategies that use these instruments and/or adversely affect the Fund’s efficiency in implementing its
strategy, liquidity and/or ability to pursue its investment objective.
At
any time after the date of this prospectus, legislation may be enacted that could negatively affect the assets of the Fund or the issuers
of such assets. Changing approaches to regulation may have a negative impact on the entities in which the Fund invests. Legislation or
regulation may also change the way in which the Fund itself is regulated. There can be no assurance that future legislation, regulation
or deregulation will not have a material adverse effect on the Fund or will not impair the ability of the Fund to achieve its investment
objective.
Risks
Associated with Changes in LIBOR. National and international regulators and law enforcement
agencies have conducted investigations into a number of rates or indices that are deemed to be “reference rates.” Actions
by such regulators and law enforcement agencies may result in changes to the manner in which certain reference rates are determined, their
discontinuance, or the establishment of alternative reference rates. In particular, on July 27, 2017, the Chief Executive of the U.K.
Financial Conduct Authority (the “FCA”), which regulates LIBOR, announced that the FCA will no longer persuade or compel banks
to submit rates for the calculation of LIBOR after 2021.
The U.S. Federal Reserve,
in conjunction with the Alternative Reference Rates Committee (the “ARRC”), a steering committee comprised of large U.S. financial
institutions, has identified the Secured Overnight Financing Rate, (“SOFR”) as its preferred alternative rate for LIBOR. On
December 6, 2021, the ARRC released a statement selecting and recommending forms of SOFR, along with associated spread adjustments and
conforming changes, to replace references to 1-week and 2-month USD LIBOR. The Fund expects that a substantial portion of the Fund’s
future floating rate investments will be linked to SOFR. Although there have been an increasing number of issuances utilizing SOFR or
the Sterling Over Night Index Average (“SONIA”) (the GBP-LIBOR nominated replacement alternative reference rate that is based
on transactions), it is unknown whether SOFR or any other alternative reference rates will attain market acceptance as replacements for
LIBOR. Given the inherent differences between LIBOR and SOFR, or any other alternative reference rates that may be established, the transition
from LIBOR may disrupt the overall financial markets and adversely affect the market for LIBOR-based securities, including the Fund’s
portfolio of LIBOR indexed, floating rate debt securities, or the cost of the Fund’s borrowings. In addition, changes or reforms
to the determination or supervision of LIBOR may result in a sudden or prolonged increase or decrease in reported LIBOR, which could have
an adverse impact on the market for LIBOR-based securities, including the value and/or transferability of the LIBOR indexed, floating
rate debt securities in the Fund’s portfolio, or the cost of the Fund’s borrowings.
Additionally, if as currently
expected LIBOR ceases to exist, the Fund may need to renegotiate the credit agreements extending beyond June 30, 2023 with its credit
facility lenders and portfolio companies that utilize LIBOR as a factor in determining the interest rate to replace LIBOR with SOFR or
other alternative reference rates, which could require the Fund to incur significant time and expense and may subject the Fund to disputes
or litigation over the appropriateness or comparability to the relevant replacement reference index.
Risks
Associated with Commodity Futures Trading Commission Regulation. The Sub-Advisor claims an exclusion
from the definition of the term “commodity pool operator” in accordance with Commodity Futures Trading Commission (“CFTC”)
Regulation 4.5 so that the Sub-Advisor is not subject to registration or regulation as a CPO under the CEA with respect to the Fund. In
order to maintain the exclusion for the Sub-Advisor, the Fund must invest no more than a prescribed level of its liquidation value in
certain futures, certain swap contracts and certain other Derivatives subject to the CEA’s jurisdiction, and the Fund must not market
itself as providing investment exposure to such instruments. If the Fund’s investments no longer qualify the Sub-Advisor for the
exclusion, the Sub-Advisor may be subject to the CFTC’s CPO registration requirements with respect to the Fund, and the disclosure
and operations of the Fund would need to comply with all applicable regulations governing commodity pools registered as investment companies
under the 1940 Act and commodity pool operators. Compliance with the additional registration and regulatory requirements may increase
operating expenses. Other potentially adverse regulatory initiatives could also develop.
Inflation
and Deflation Risk. Inflation risk is the risk that the value of certain assets or income from
the Fund’s investments will be worth less in the future as inflation decreases the value of money. As inflation increases, the real
value of investments and distributions can decline. In addition, during any
periods of rising
inflation, the dividend rates or borrowing costs associated with the Fund’s use of leverage would likely increase, which would tend
to further reduce returns to Shareholders. Deflation risk is the risk that prices throughout the economy decline over time — the
opposite of inflation. Deflation may have an adverse effect on the creditworthiness of issuers and may make issuer defaults more likely,
which may result in a decline in the value of the Fund’s portfolio.
Interest
Rate Risk. The market value of Corporate Bonds and other fixed-income securities changes in
response to interest rate changes and other factors. Interest rate risk is the risk that prices of bonds and other fixed-income securities
will increase as interest rates fall and decrease as rates rise. Accordingly, an increase in market interest rates may cause a decrease
in the price of a debt security and, therefore, a decline in the net asset value of the Fund’s Shares. The magnitude of these fluctuations
in the market price of bonds and other fixed-income securities is generally greater for those securities with longer maturities. Because
Syndicated Loans with floating or variable rates reset their interest rates periodically, changes in prevailing interest rates can be
expected to cause some fluctuations in the Fund’s NAV. Similarly, an increase in market interest rates may cause a decline in the
Fund’s NAV. In addition, Syndicated Loans or similar loans or securities may allow the Borrower to opt between LIBOR-based interest
rates, SOFR-based interest rates and interest rates based on bank prime rates, which may have an effect on the Fund’s NAV.
If general interest rates
rise, as they have in recent years, there is a risk that the portfolio companies in which the Fund holds floating rate securities will
be unable to pay escalating interest amounts, which could result in a default under their loan documents. Rising interest rates could
also cause portfolio companies to shift cash from other productive uses to the payment of interest, which may have a material adverse
effect on their business and operations and could, over time, lead to increased defaults. In addition, rising interest rates may increase
pressure on the Fund to provide fixed rate loans to the Fund’s portfolio companies, which could adversely affect the Fund’s
net investment income, as increases in the cost of borrowed funds would not be accompanied by increased interest income from such fixed-rate
investments.
Investment
Terms and Timeframe Risk. Delays in investing the net proceeds of this offering may impair the
Fund’s performance. The Fund cannot assure investors that it will be able to identify any investments that meet the Fund’s
investment objective or that any investment that the Fund makes will produce a positive return. The Fund may be unable to invest its assets
on acceptable terms within the time period that it anticipates or at all, which could harm the Fund’s financial condition and results
of operations.
Prior to investing in securities
of portfolio companies, the Fund may invest primarily in cash, cash equivalents, U.S. government securities, repurchase agreements and
high-quality debt instruments maturing in one year or less from the time of investment, which may produce returns that are significantly
lower than the returns which it expects to achieve when the Fund’s portfolio is fully invested in securities meeting its investment
objective. As a result, any distributions that the Fund pays while its portfolio is not fully invested in securities meeting its investment
objective may be lower than the distributions that the Fund may be able to pay when its portfolio is fully invested in securities meeting
its investment objective.
Restrictions
on Entering into Affiliated Transactions. The Advisors may enter into transactions and invest
in securities, instruments and currencies on behalf of the Fund in which customers of its affiliates, to the extent permitted by applicable
law, serve as the counterparty, principal or issuer. In such cases, such party’s interests in the transaction could be adverse to
the interests of the Fund, and such party may have no incentive to assure that the Fund obtains the best possible prices or terms in connection
with the transaction. In addition, the purchase, holding and sale of such investments by the Fund may enhance the profitability of the
Advisors or their affiliates. One or more affiliates may also create, write or issue Derivatives for their customers, the underlying securities,
currencies or instruments of which may be those in which the Fund invests or which may be based on the performance of the Fund. The Fund
may, subject to applicable law, purchase investments that are the subject of an underwriting or other distribution by one or more of the
Advisors affiliates and may also enter into transactions with other clients of an affiliate where such other clients have interests adverse
to those of the Fund. By reason of the various activities of the Advisors and their affiliates, the Advisors and such affiliates may acquire
confidential or material non-public information or otherwise be restricted from purchasing certain potential Fund investments that otherwise
might have been purchased or be restricted from selling certain Fund investments that might otherwise have been sold at the time.
Lack
of Funds to Make Additional Investments Risk. The Fund may not have the funds or ability to
make additional investments in its portfolio companies. After the Fund’s initial investment in a portfolio company, it may be called
upon from time to time to provide additional funds to such company or have the opportunity to increase its investment through the exercise
of a warrant to purchase common shares. There is no assurance that the Fund will make, or will have sufficient funds to make, follow-on
investments. Any decisions not to make a follow-on investment or any inability on the Fund’s part to make such an investment may
have a negative impact on a portfolio company in need of such an investment, may result in a missed opportunity for the Fund to increase
its participation in a successful operation or may reduce the expected return on the investment.
Uncertain
Exit Strategies. Due to the illiquid nature of some of the positions that the Fund is expected
to acquire, as well as the risks associated with the Fund’s investment strategies, the Fund is unable to predict with confidence
what the exit strategy may ultimately be for any given investment, or that one will definitely be available. Exit strategies which appear
to be viable when an investment is initiated may be precluded by the time the investment is ready to be realized due to economic, legal,
political or other factors.
Other Risks Relating to
the Fund
Advisor
Risk. The Advisor utilizes the resources of Ares’ U.S. and European credit teams who manage
direct lending, syndicated loan, corporate bond, opportunistic credit and structured credit investment strategies for the Ares Credit
Group as well as the real estate debt and stressed/distressed investment teams. The Fund’s portfolio management team is comprised
of members of Ares’ Credit Group. The Advisor intends to use the resources of Ares. There can be no assurance that any such investment
professionals will remain employed by Ares or if employed, will remain involved with the Advisors’ performance obligations. The
Advisor is a joint venture and conflicts could arise between the parties to the joint venture that could impact the Advisor’s ability
to perform its duties.
Senior
Management Personnel of the Advisors. Since the Fund has no employees, it depends on the investment
expertise, skill and network of business contacts of the Advisors. The Advisors evaluate, negotiate, structure, execute, monitor and service
the Fund’s investments. The Fund’s future success depends to a significant extent on the continued service and coordination
of the Advisors and their senior management team. The departure of any members of the Advisors’ senior management team could have
a material adverse effect on the Fund’s ability to achieve its investment objective.
The Fund’s ability
to achieve its investment objective depends on the Advisors’ ability to identify, analyze, invest in, finance and monitor companies
that meet the Fund’s investment criteria. The Advisors’ capabilities in managing the investment process, providing competent,
attentive and efficient services to the Fund, and facilitating access to financing on acceptable terms depend on the employment of investment
professionals in an adequate number and of adequate sophistication to match the corresponding flow of transactions. To achieve the Fund’s
investment objective, the Advisors may need to hire, train, supervise and manage new investment professionals to participate in the Fund’s
investment selection and monitoring process. The Advisors may not be able to find investment professionals in a timely manner or at all.
Failure to support the Fund’s investment process could have a material adverse effect on the Fund’s business, financial condition
and results of operations.
In addition, the Investment
Advisory Agreement has termination provisions that allow the parties to terminate the agreements without penalty. The Investment Advisory
Agreement, Investment Sub-Advisory Agreement and the CAM Administration Agreement may be terminated at any time, without penalty, by the
Advisors upon 60 days’ notice to the Fund. If either agreement is terminated, it may adversely affect the quality of the Fund’s
investment opportunities. In addition, in the event such agreements are terminated, it may be difficult for the Fund to replace the Advisors.
Furthermore, the termination of either of these agreements may adversely impact the terms of the Fund’s or its subsidiaries’
financing facilities or any financing facility into which the Fund or its subsidiaries may enter in the future, which could have a material
adverse effect on the Fund’s business and financial condition.
Key
Personnel Risk. The Advisor depends on the diligence, skill and network of business contacts
of certain Ares Credit Group and CION professionals. The Advisor also depends, to a significant extent, on access to other investment
professionals within Ares and CION and the information and deal flow
generated by these
investment professionals in the course of their investment and portfolio management activities. The Fund’s success depends on the
continued service of such personnel. The investment professionals associated with the Advisors are actively involved in other investment
activities not concerning the Fund and will not be able to devote all of their time to the Fund’s business and affairs. The departure
of any of the senior managers of the Advisors, or of a significant number of the investment professionals or partners of the Advisors’
affiliates, could have a material adverse effect on the Fund’s ability to achieve its investment objective. Individuals not currently
associated with the Advisors may become associated with the Fund and the performance of the Fund may also depend on the experience and
expertise of such individuals. In addition, there is no assurance that the Advisors will remain the Fund’s investment advisor or
that the Advisors will continue to have access to the investment professionals and partners of its affiliates and the information and
deal flow generated by the investment professionals of its affiliates.
Ares
and CION Relationships. The Fund expects that Ares and CION will depend on their existing relationships
with private equity sponsors, investment banks and commercial banks, and the Fund expects to rely to a significant extent upon these relationships
for purposes of potential investment opportunities. If Ares or CION fails to maintain their existing relationships or develop new relationships
with other sources or sponsors of investment opportunities, the Fund may not be able to expand its investment portfolio. In addition,
individuals with whom Ares and CION have relationships are not obligated to provide the Fund with investment opportunities and, therefore,
there is no assurance that such relationships will generate investment opportunities for the Fund.
The
Advisors’ Incentive Fee Risk. The Investment Advisory Agreement and Investment Sub-Advisory
Agreement entitle the Advisors to receive incentive compensation on income regardless of any capital losses. In such case, the Fund may
be required to pay the Advisors incentive compensation for a fiscal quarter even if there is a decline in the value of the Fund’s
portfolio or if the Fund incurs a net loss for that quarter.
Any Incentive Fee payable
by the Fund that relates to its net investment income may be computed and paid on income that may include interest that has been accrued
but not yet received. If a portfolio company defaults on a loan that is structured to provide accrued interest, it is possible that accrued
interest previously included in the calculation of the Incentive Fee will become uncollectible. The Advisors are not under any obligation
to reimburse the Fund for any part of the Incentive Fee they received that was based on accrued income that the Fund never received as
a result of a default by an entity on the obligation that resulted in the accrual of such income, and such circumstances would result
in the Fund’s paying an Incentive Fee on income it never received.
The Incentive Fee payable
by the Fund to the Advisors may create an incentive for them to make investments on the Fund’s behalf that are risky or more speculative
than would be the case in the absence of such compensation arrangement. The way in which the Incentive Fee payable to the Advisors is
determined may encourage them to use leverage to increase the return on the Fund’s investments. In addition, the fact that the Management
Fee is payable based upon the Fund’s average daily gross assets, which would include any borrowings for investment purposes, may
encourage the Advisors to use leverage to make additional investments. Under certain circumstances, the use of leverage may increase the
likelihood of default, which would disfavor Shareholders. Such a practice could result in the Fund’s investing in more speculative
securities than would otherwise be in its best interests, which could result in higher investment losses, particularly during cyclical
economic downturns.
Shares
Not Listed; No Market for Shares. The Fund has been organized as a closed-end management investment
company. Closed-end funds differ from open-end management investment companies (commonly known as mutual funds) because investors in a
closed-end fund do not have the right to redeem their shares on a daily basis. Unlike most closed-end funds, which typically list their
shares on a securities exchange, the Fund does not currently intend to list the Shares for trading on any securities exchange, and the
Fund does not expect any secondary market to develop for the Shares in the foreseeable future. Therefore, an investment in the Fund, unlike
an investment in a typical closed-end fund, is not a liquid investment.
Closed-end
Interval Fund; Liquidity Risks. The Fund is a diversified, closed-end management investment
company structured as an “interval fund” and designed primarily for long-term investors. The Fund is not intended to be a
typical traded investment. There is no secondary market for the Fund’s Shares
and the Fund expects
that no secondary market will develop. An investor should not invest in the Fund if the investor needs a liquid investment. Closed-end
funds differ from open-end management investment companies, commonly known as mutual funds, in that investors in a closed-end fund do
not have the right to redeem their shares on a daily basis at a price based on NAV. Although the Fund, as a fundamental policy, will make
quarterly offers to repurchase at least 5% and up to 25% of its outstanding Shares at NAV, the number of Shares tendered in connection
with a repurchase offer may exceed the number of Shares the Fund has offered to repurchase, in which case not all of your Shares tendered
in that offer will be repurchased. In connection with any given repurchase offer, it is expected the Fund will offer to repurchase only
the minimum amount of 5% of its outstanding Shares. Hence, you may not be able to sell your Shares when and/or in the amount that you
desire.
Competition
for Investment Opportunities. The Fund competes for investments with other closed-end funds
and investment funds, as well as traditional financial services companies such as commercial banks and other sources of funding. Moreover,
alternative investment vehicles, such as hedge funds, have begun to invest in areas in which they have not traditionally invested. As
a result of these new entrants, competition for investment opportunities may intensify. Many of the Fund’s competitors are substantially
larger and may have considerably greater financial, technical and marketing resources than the Fund. For example, some competitors may
have a lower cost of capital and access to funding sources that are not available to the Fund. In addition, some of the Fund’s competitors
may have higher risk tolerances or different risk assessments than it has. These characteristics could allow the Fund’s competitors
to consider a wider variety of investments, establish more relationships and pay more competitive prices for investments than it is able
to do. The Fund may lose investment opportunities if it does not match its competitors’ pricing. If the Fund is forced to match
its competitors’ pricing, it may not be able to achieve acceptable returns on its investments or may bear substantial risk of capital
loss. A significant increase in the number and/or the size of the Fund’s competitors could force it to accept less attractive investment
terms. Furthermore, many of the Fund’s competitors have greater experience operating under, or are not subject to, the regulatory
restrictions that the 1940 Act imposes on it as a closed-end fund.
“Best-Efforts”
Offering Risk. This offering is being made on a best efforts basis, whereby the Distributor
is only required to use its best efforts to sell the Shares and has no firm commitment or obligation to purchase any of the Shares. To
the extent that less than the maximum number of Shares is subscribed for, the opportunity for the allocation of the Fund’s investments
among various issuers and industries may be decreased, and the returns achieved on those investments may be reduced as a result of allocating
all of the Fund’s expenses over a smaller capital base.
Inadequate
Return Risk. No assurance can be given that the returns on the Fund’s investments will
be commensurate with the risk of investment in the Shares.
Inadequate
Network of Broker-Dealer Risk. The success of the Fund’s continuous public offering, and
correspondingly the Fund’s ability to implement its investment objective and strategies, depends upon the ability of the Distributor
and the Advisor to establish, operate and maintain a network of Selected Broker-Dealers to sell the Shares. If the Distributor or the
Advisor fails to perform, the Fund may not be able to raise adequate proceeds through the Fund’s continuous public offering to implement
the Fund’s investment objective and strategies. If the Fund is unsuccessful in implementing its investment objective and strategies,
an investor could lose all or a part of his or her investment in the Fund.
Repurchase
Offers Risks. As described under “Share Repurchase Program,” the Fund is an “interval
fund” and, to provide some liquidity to Shareholders, makes quarterly offers to repurchase between 5% and 25% of its outstanding
Shares at NAV, pursuant to Rule 23c-3 under the 1940 Act. The Fund believes that these repurchase offers are generally beneficial to the
Fund’s Shareholders, and generally are funded from available cash or sales of portfolio securities. However, the repurchase of Shares
by the Fund decreases the assets of the Fund and, therefore, may have the effect of increasing the Fund’s expense ratio. Repurchase
offers and the need to fund repurchase obligations may also affect the ability of the Fund to be fully invested or force the Fund to maintain
a higher percentage of its assets in liquid investments, which may harm the Fund’s investment performance. Moreover, diminution
in the size of the Fund through repurchases may result in untimely sales of portfolio securities, and may limit the ability of the Fund
to participate in new investment opportunities. If the Fund uses leverage, repurchases of Shares may
compound the adverse
effects of leverage in a declining market. In addition, if the Fund borrows money to finance repurchases, interest on that borrowing will
negatively affect Shareholders who do not tender their Shares by increasing Fund expenses and reducing any net investment income. Certain
Shareholders may from time to time own or control a significant percentage of the Fund’s Shares. Repurchase requests by these Shareholders
of these Shares of the Fund may cause repurchases to be oversubscribed, with the result that Shareholders may only be able to have a portion
of their Shares repurchased in connection with any repurchase offer. If a repurchase offer is oversubscribed and the Fund determines not
to repurchase additional Shares beyond the repurchase offer amount, or if Shareholders tender an amount of Shares greater than that which
the Fund is entitled to purchase, the Fund will repurchase the Shares tendered on a pro rata basis, and Shareholders will have to wait
until the next repurchase offer to make another repurchase request. Shareholders will be subject to the risk of NAV fluctuations during
that period. Thus, there is also a risk that some Shareholders, in anticipation of proration, may tender more Shares than they wish to
have repurchased in a particular quarter, thereby increasing the likelihood that proration will occur. The NAV of Shares tendered in a
repurchase offer may fluctuate between the date a Shareholder submits a repurchase request and the Repurchase Request Deadline, and to
the extent there is any delay between the Repurchase Request Deadline and the Repurchase Pricing Date. The NAV on the Repurchase Request
Deadline or the Repurchase Pricing Date may be higher or lower than on the date a Shareholder submits a repurchase request. See “Share
Repurchase Program.”
Distribution
Payment Risk. The Fund cannot assure investors that the Fund will achieve investment results
that will allow the Fund to make a specified level of cash distributions or year-to-year increases in cash distributions. All distributions
will be paid at the discretion of the Board and may depend on the Fund’s earnings, the Fund’s net investment income, the Fund’s
financial condition, maintenance of the Fund’s and the Fund’s RIC status, compliance with applicable regulations and such
other factors as the Board may deem relevant from time to time.
In the event that the Fund
encounters delays in locating suitable investment opportunities, all or a substantial portion of the Fund’s distributions may constitute
a return of capital to Shareholders. To the extent that the Fund pays distributions that constitute a return of capital for U.S. federal
income tax purposes, it will lower an investor’s tax basis in his or her Shares. A return of capital generally is a return of an
investor’s investment, rather than a return of earnings or gains derived from the Fund’s investment activities, and generally
results in a reduction of the tax basis in the Shares. As a result from such reduction in tax basis, Shareholders may be subject to tax
in connection with the sale of Fund Shares, even if such Shares are sold at a loss relative to the Shareholder’s original investment.
Risks
Associated with the Fund Distribution Policy. The Fund intends to make regular distributions.
Currently, in order to maintain a relatively stable level of distributions, the Fund may pay out less than all of its net investment income
to the extent consistent with maintaining its ability to be subject to tax as a RIC under the Code, pay out undistributed income from
prior months, return capital in addition to current period net investment income or borrow money to fund distributions. The distributions
for any full or partial calendar year might not be made in equal amounts, and one distribution may be larger than the other. The Fund
will make a distribution only if authorized by the Board and declared by the Fund out of assets legally available for these distributions.
This distribution policy may, under certain circumstances, have certain adverse consequences to the Fund and its Shareholders because
it may result in a return of capital, which would reduce the NAV of the Shares and, over time, potentially increase the Fund’s expense
ratio. If a distribution constitutes a return of capital, it means that the Fund is returning to Shareholders a portion of their investment
rather than making a distribution that is funded from the Fund’s earned income or other profits. The Fund’s distribution policy
may be changed at any time by the Board.
There is a possibility that
the Fund may make total distributions during a calendar or taxable year in an amount that exceeds the Fund’s net investment company
taxable income and net capital gains for the relevant taxable year. In such situations, if a distribution exceeds the Fund’s current
and accumulated earnings and profits (as determined for U.S. federal income tax purposes), a portion of each distribution paid with respect
to such taxable year would generally be treated as a return of capital for U.S. federal income tax purposes, thereby reducing the amount
of a Shareholder’s tax basis in such Shareholder’s Fund Shares. When a Shareholder sells Fund Shares, the amount, if any,
by which the sales price exceeds the Shareholder’s tax basis in Fund Shares may be treated as a gain subject to tax. Because a return
of
capital reduces a Shareholder’s tax basis in Fund Shares,
it generally will increase the amount of such Shareholder’s gain or decrease the amount of such Shareholder’s loss when such
Shareholder sells Fund Shares. To the extent that the amount of any return of capital distribution exceeds a Shareholder’s tax basis
in Fund Shares, such excess generally will be treated as gain from a sale or exchange of the shares.
Because the Fund has issued
Preferred Shares and has issued other forms of indebtedness, its ability to make distributions to its Shareholders is limited by the asset
coverage requirements and other limitations imposed by the 1940 Act and the terms of the Fund’s indebtedness.
Investment
Dilution Risk. The Fund’s investors do not have preemptive rights to any Shares the Fund
may issue in the future. The Fund’s amended and restated declaration of trust (the “Declaration of Trust”) authorizes
it to issue an unlimited number of Shares. The Board may amend the Declaration of Trust. After an investor purchases Shares, the Fund
may sell additional Shares in the future or issue equity interests in private offerings. To the extent the Fund issues additional equity
interests after an investor purchases its Shares, such investor’s percentage ownership interest in the Fund will be diluted.
Anti-Takeover
Risk. The Declaration of Trust and bylaws, as well as certain statutory and regulatory requirements,
contain certain provisions that may have the effect of discouraging a third party from attempting to acquire it. Subject to the limitations
of the 1940 Act, the Board may, without Shareholder action, authorize the issuance of shares in one or more classes or series, including
Preferred Shares; and the Board may, without Shareholder action, amend the Declaration of Trust. These anti-takeover provisions may inhibit
a change of control in circumstances that could give Shareholders the opportunity to realize a premium over the value of the Shares.
Conflicts
of Interest Risk. The Fund is a party to the Investment Advisory Agreement with CAM, and the
Investment Sub-Advisory Agreement with Ares Capital, entities in which certain of the Fund’s trustees, officers and members of the
investment committee of the Advisors may have indirect ownership and pecuniary interests. Certain of the Fund’s trustees and officers
and members of the investment committee of the Advisors also serve as officers or principals of other investment managers affiliated with
the Advisors that currently, and may in the future, manage investment funds with investment objectives similar to the Fund’s investment
objective. In addition, certain of Fund’s officers and trustees and the members of the investment committee of the Advisors serve
or may serve as officers, trustees or principals of entities that operate in the same or related line of business as the Fund does or
of investment funds managed by the Fund’s affiliates. Accordingly, the Fund may not be made aware of and/or given the opportunity
to participate in certain investments made by investment funds managed by advisors affiliated with the Advisors. However, the Advisors
intend to allocate investment opportunities in a fair and equitable manner in accordance with the Advisors’ investment allocation
policy.
Pursuant to the terms of
the CAM Administration Agreement, CAM provides the Fund with certain administrative and other services necessary to conduct the Fund’s
day-to-day operations, and the Fund reimburses CAM, at cost, for the Fund’s allocable portion of overhead and other expenses (including
travel expenses) incurred by CAM in performing its obligations under the CAM Administration Agreement, including the Fund’s allocable
portion of the cost of certain of the Fund’s officers (including but not limited to the chief compliance officer, chief financial
officer, chief accounting officer, general counsel, secretary and treasurer) and their respective staffs, but not investment professionals.
See “Conflicts of Interest.”
Potential
Conflicts of Interest Risk — Allocation of Investment Opportunities. The Advisors
have adopted allocation procedures that are intended to treat each fund they advise in a manner that, over a period of time, is fair and
equitable. Ares and CION currently provide investment advisory and administration services and may provide in the future similar services
to other entities (collectively, “Advised Funds”). Certain existing Advised Funds have, and future Advised Funds may have,
investment objectives similar to those of the Fund, and such Advised Funds will invest in asset classes similar to those targeted by the
Fund. Certain other existing Advised Funds do not, and future Advised Funds may not, have similar investment objectives, but such funds
may from time to time invest in asset classes similar to those targeted by the Fund. The Advisors will endeavor to allocate investment
opportunities in a fair and equitable manner, and in any event consistent with any fiduciary duties owed to the Fund and other clients
and in an effort to avoid favoring one client over another and taking into account all relevant facts and circumstances,
including (without limitation): (i) differences with respect
to available capital, size of client, and remaining life of a client; (ii) differences with respect to investment objectives or current
investment strategies, including regarding: (a) current and total return requirements, (b) emphasizing or limiting exposure to the security
or type of security in question, (c) diversification, including industry or company exposure, currency and jurisdiction, or (d) rating
agency ratings; (iii) differences in risk profile at the time an opportunity becomes available; (iv) the potential transaction and other
costs of allocating an opportunity among various clients; (v) potential conflicts of interest, including whether a client has an existing
investment in the security in question or the issuer of such security; (vi) the nature of the security or the transaction, including minimum
investment amounts and the source of the opportunity; (vii) current and anticipated market and general economic conditions; (viii) existing
positions in a Borrower/loan/security; and (ix) prior positions in a Borrower/loan/security. Nevertheless, it is possible that the Fund
may not be given the opportunity to participate in certain investments made by investment funds managed by investment managers affiliated
with the Advisors.
The Advisors may determine
that the Fund should invest on a side-by-side basis with one or more Advised Funds. In certain circumstances, negotiated co-investments
may be made only in accordance with the terms of the exemptive order Ares received from the SEC (the “Order”). Co-investments
made under the Order are subject to compliance with the conditions and other requirements contained in the Order, which could limit the
Fund’s ability to participate in a co-investment transaction.
In the event investment opportunities
are allocated among the Fund and the other Advised Funds, the Fund may not be able to structure its investment portfolio in the manner
desired. Although the Advisors endeavor to allocate investment opportunities in a fair and equitable manner, the Fund is not generally
permitted to co-invest in any portfolio company in which a fund managed by Ares or any of its downstream affiliates (other than the Fund
and its downstream affiliates) currently has an investment. However, the Fund may co-invest with funds managed by Ares or any of its downstream
affiliates, subject to compliance with existing regulatory guidance, applicable regulations and its allocation procedures. Furthermore,
the Fund and the other Advised Funds may make investments in securities where the prevailing trading activity may make impossible the
receipt of the same price or execution on the entire volume of securities purchased or sold by the Fund and the other Advised Funds. When
this occurs, the various prices may be averaged, and the Fund will be charged or credited with the average price. Thus, the effect of
the aggregation may operate on some occasions to the disadvantage of the Fund. In addition, under certain circumstances, the Fund may
not be charged the same commission or commission equivalent rates in connection with a bunched or aggregated order.
It is likely that the other
Advised Funds may make investments in the same or similar securities at different times and on different terms than the Fund. The Fund
and the other Advised Funds may make investments at different levels of a Borrower’s capital structure or otherwise in different
classes of a Borrower’s securities, to the extent permitted by applicable law. Such investments may inherently give rise to conflicts
of interest or perceived conflicts of interest between or among the various classes of securities that may be held by such entities. Conflicts
may also arise because portfolio decisions regarding the Fund may benefit the other Advised Funds. For example, the sale of a long position
or establishment of a short position by the Fund may impair the price of the same security sold short by (and therefore benefit) one or
more Advised Funds, and the purchase of a security or covering of a short position in a security by the Fund may increase the price of
the same security held by (and therefore benefit) one or more Advised Funds.
Applicable law, including
the 1940 Act, may at times prevent the Fund from being able to participate in investments that it otherwise would participate in, and
may require the Fund to dispose of investments at a time when it otherwise would not dispose of such investment, in each case, in order
to comply with applicable law.
The Advisors, their affiliates
and their clients may pursue or enforce rights with respect to a Borrower in which the Fund has invested, and those activities may have
an adverse effect on the Fund. As a result, prices, availability, liquidity and terms of the Fund’s investments may be negatively
impacted by the activities of the Advisors and their affiliates or their clients, and transactions for the Fund may be impaired or effected
at prices or terms that may be less favorable than would otherwise have been the case.
The
Advisors may have a conflict of interest in deciding whether to cause the Fund to incur leverage or to invest in more speculative investments
or financial instruments, thereby potentially increasing the management and incentive fee payable by the Fund and, accordingly, the fees
received by the Advisors. Certain other Advised Funds pay the Advisors or their affiliates greater performance-based compensation, which
could create an incentive for the Advisors or an affiliate to favor such investment fund or account over the Fund.
Potential
Conflicts of Interest Risk — Allocation of Personnel. The Fund’s executive
officers and trustees, and the employees of the Advisors, serve or may serve as officers, directors or principals of entities that operate
in the same or a related line of business as the Fund or of investment funds or accounts managed by the Advisors or their affiliates.
As a result, they may have obligations to investors in those entities, the fulfillment of which might not be in the best interests of
the Fund or its Shareholders. Additionally, certain personnel of the Advisors and their management may face conflicts in their time management
and commitments.
Potential
Conflicts of Interest Risk — Lack of Information Barriers. By reason of the
various activities of the Advisors and their affiliates, the Advisors and such affiliates may acquire confidential or material non-public
information or otherwise be restricted from purchasing certain potential Fund investments that otherwise might have been purchased or
be restricted from selling certain Acquiring Fund investments that might otherwise have been sold at the time.
Portfolio
Fair Value Risk. Under the 1940 Act, the Fund is required to carry its portfolio investments
at market value or, if there is no readily available market value, at fair value. There is not a public market for the securities of the
privately held companies in which the Fund may invest. Many of the Fund’s investments are not exchange-traded, but are, instead,
traded on a privately negotiated OTC secondary market for institutional investors. The Advisor, as valuation designee, is responsible
for the valuation of the Fund’s portfolio investments and implementing the portfolio valuation process set forth in the Advisor’s
valuation policy to management. Valuations of Fund investments are disclosed quarterly in reports publicly filed with the SEC. See “Determination
of Net Asset Value.”
Certain factors that may
be considered in determining the fair value of the Fund’s investments include dealer quotes for securities traded on the OTC secondary
market for institutional investors, the nature and realizable value of any collateral, the portfolio company’s earnings and its
ability to make payments on its indebtedness, the markets in which the portfolio company does business, comparison to comparable publicly-traded
companies, discounted cash flow and other relevant factors. Because such valuations, and particularly valuations of private securities
and private companies, are inherently uncertain, may fluctuate over short periods of time and may be based on estimates, determinations
of fair value may differ materially from the values that would have been used if an exchange-traded market for these securities existed.
Due to this uncertainty, the Advisor’s fair value determinations may cause the Fund’s NAV on a given date to materially understate
or overstate the value that it may ultimately realize upon the sale of one or more of its investments.
Portfolio
Turnover Risk. The Fund’s annual portfolio turnover rate may vary greatly from year to
year, as well as within a given year. However, portfolio turnover rate is not considered a limiting factor in the execution of investment
decisions for the Fund. High portfolio turnover may result in the realization of net short-term capital gains by the Fund which, when
distributed to the Fund and, ultimately, Shareholders, will be taxable as ordinary income. In addition, a higher portfolio turnover rate
results in correspondingly greater brokerage commissions and other transactional expenses that are borne by the Fund.
General
Risks Associated with Derivatives. Although the Fund does not expect Derivatives to represent
a significant component of its portfolio initially, the Fund may use Derivatives including, in particular, swaps (including, total return
swaps), synthetic collateralized loan obligations, reverse repurchase agreements and other similar transactions, in seeking to achieve
its investment objective or for other reasons, such as cash management, financing activities or to hedge its positions. Accordingly, Derivatives
may be used in limited instances as a form of leverage or to seek to enhance returns, including speculation on changes in credit spreads,
interest rates or other characteristics of the market, individual securities or groups of securities. If the Fund invests in a Derivative
for speculative purposes, which the Fund does not
initially intend to do, the Fund will be fully exposed to
the risks of loss of that Derivative, which may sometimes be greater than the Derivative’s cost. The use of Derivatives may involve
substantial leverage. The use of Derivatives may subject the Fund to the following risks, including but not limited to:
>
Credit
risk — the risk that the counterparty in a Derivative transaction will be unable to honor
its financial obligation to the Fund, or the risk that the reference entity in a credit default swap or similar Derivative will not be
able to honor its financial obligations. Certain participants in the Derivatives market, including larger financial institutions, have
recently experienced significant financial hardship and deteriorating credit conditions. If the Fund’s counterparty to a Derivative
transaction experiences a loss of capital, or is perceived to lack adequate capital or access to capital, it may experience margin calls
or other regulatory requirements to increase equity. Under such circumstances, the risk that a counterparty will be unable to honor its
obligations may increase substantially. If a counterparty becomes bankrupt or otherwise fails to perform its obligations under a derivative
contract, the Fund may experience significant delays in obtaining any recovery under the derivative contract in bankruptcy or other reorganization
proceeding. The Fund may obtain only a limited recovery or may obtain no recovery in such circumstances.
>
Currency
risk — the risk that changes in the exchange rate between two currencies will adversely
affect the value (in U.S. dollar terms) of an investment.
>
Leverage
risk — the risk associated with certain types of Derivative strategies that relatively
small market movements may result in large changes in the value of an investment. Certain investments or trading strategies that involve
leverage can result in losses that greatly exceed the amount originally invested.
>
Liquidity
risk — the risk that certain securities may be difficult or impossible to sell at the
time that the seller would like or at the price that the seller believes the security is currently worth. This risk is heightened to the
extent the Fund engages in OTC Derivative transactions.
>
Correlation
risk — the risk that changes in the value of a Derivative will not match the changes in
the value of the portfolio holdings that are being hedged or of the particular market, security or loan to which the Fund seeks exposure.
>
Index
risk — if the Derivative is linked to the performance of an index, it will be subject
to the risks associated with changes in that index. If the index changes, the Fund could receive lower interest payments or experience
a reduction in the value of the Derivative to below what the Fund paid. Certain indexed securities, including inverse securities (which
move in an opposite direction to the index), may create leverage, to the extent that they increase or decrease in value at a rate that
is a multiple of the changes in the applicable index.
>
Regulatory
risk — various legislative and regulatory initiatives may impact the availability, liquidity
and cost of Derivatives, including potentially limiting or restricting the ability of the Fund to use certain Derivatives or certain counterparties
as a part of its investment strategy, increasing the costs of using these instruments or making these instruments less effective. See
“Types of Investments and Related Risks — Legislation and Regulation Risks”.
Options
and Futures Risk. The Fund may utilize options and futures contracts and so-called “synthetic”
options or other Derivatives written by broker-dealers or other permissible Financial Intermediaries. Options transactions may be effected
on securities exchanges or in the OTC market. When options are purchased OTC, the Fund’s portfolio bears the risk that the counterparty
that wrote the option will be unable or unwilling to perform its obligations under the option contract. Options may also be illiquid and,
in such cases, the Fund may have difficulty closing out its position. OTC options also may include options on baskets of specific securities.
The Fund may purchase call and put options on specific securities, and may write and sell covered or uncovered call and put options for
hedging purposes in pursuing its investment objective. A put option gives the purchaser of the option the right to sell, and obligates
the writer to buy, the underlying security at a stated exercise price, typically at any time prior to the expiration of the option. A
call option gives the purchaser of the option the right to buy, and obligates the writer to sell, the underlying security at a stated
exercise price, typically at any time prior to the expiration of the option. A covered call option is a call option with respect to which
the seller of the option
owns the underlying security. The sale of a call option exposes
the seller during the term of the option to possible loss of opportunity to realize appreciation in the market price of the underlying
security or to possible continued holding of a security that might otherwise have been sold to protect against depreciation in the market
price of the security. In the sale of a put, losses may be significant and, in the sale of a call, losses can be unlimited.
The Fund may close out
a position when writing options by purchasing an option on the same security with the same exercise price and expiration date as the option
that it has previously written on the security. In such a case, the Fund will realize a profit or loss if the amount paid to purchase
an option is less or more than the amount received from the sale of the option.
Purchasing a futures contract
creates an obligation to take delivery of the specific type of financial instrument at a specific future time at a specific price for
contracts that require physical delivery, or net payment for cash-settled contracts. Engaging in transactions in futures contracts involves
risk of loss to the Fund. No assurance can be given that a liquid market will exist for any particular futures contract at any particular
time. All terms of futures contracts are set forth in the rules of the exchange on which the futures contracts are traded. Many futures
exchanges and boards of trade limit the amount of fluctuation permitted in futures contract prices during a single trading day. Once the
daily limit has been reached in a particular contract, no trades may be made that day at a price beyond that limit or trading may be suspended
for specified periods during the trading day. Futures contract prices could move to the limit for several consecutive trading days with
little or no trading, preventing prompt liquidation of futures positions and potentially subjecting the Fund to substantial losses. Successful
use of futures also is subject to the Advisors’ ability to predict correctly the direction of movements in the relevant market,
and, to the extent the transaction is entered into for hedging purposes, to determine the appropriate correlation between the transaction
being hedged and the price movements of the futures contract.
Cybersecurity
Risks. Cybersecurity refers to the combination of technologies, processes and procedures established
to protect information technology systems and data from unauthorized access, attack or damage. The Fund and its respective affiliates
and third-party service providers are subject to cybersecurity risks. Cyber security risks have significantly increased in recent years
and, while the Fund has not experienced any material losses relating to cyber attacks or other information security breaches, the Fund
could suffer such losses in the future. The Fund’s and its respective affiliates’ and third-party service providers’
computer systems, software and networks may be vulnerable to unauthorized access, computer viruses or other malicious code and other events
that could have a security impact. If one or more of such events occur, this potentially could jeopardize confidential and other information,
including nonpublic personal information and sensitive business data, processed and stored in, and transmitted through, computer systems
and networks, or otherwise cause interruptions or malfunctions in the Fund’s operations or the operations of its respective affiliates
and third-party service providers. This could result in significant losses, reputational damage, litigation, regulatory fines or penalties,
investigations or otherwise adversely affect the Fund’s business, financial condition or results of operations. Privacy and information
security laws and regulation changes, and compliance with those changes, may result in cost increases due to system changes and the development
of new administrative processes. In addition, the Fund may be required to expend significant additional resources to modify the Fund’s
protective measures and to investigate and remediate vulnerabilities or other exposures arising from operational and security risks.
Risks
Relating to Fund’s RIC Status. Although the Fund has elected to be treated as a RIC under
Subchapter M of the Code, no assurance can be given that the Fund will be able to qualify for and maintain RIC status. If the Fund qualifies
as a RIC under the Code, the Fund generally will not be subject to corporate-level federal income taxes on its income and capital gains
that are timely distributed (or deemed distributed) as dividends for U.S. federal income tax purposes to its Shareholders. To qualify
as a RIC under the Code and to be relieved of federal taxes on income and gains distributed as dividends for U.S. federal income tax purposes
to the Fund’s Shareholders, the Fund must, among other things, meet certain source-of-income, asset diversification and distribution
requirements. The distribution requirement for a RIC is satisfied if the Fund distributes dividends each tax year for U.S. federal income
tax purposes of an amount generally at least equal to 90% of the sum of its net ordinary income and net short-term capital gains in excess
of net long-term capital losses, if any, to the Fund’s Shareholders.
RIC-Related
Risks of Investments Generating Non-Cash Taxable Income. Certain of the Fund’s investments
will require the Fund to recognize taxable income in a tax year in excess of the cash generated
on those investments during that year. In particular, the
Fund expects to invest in loans and other debt instruments that will be treated as having “market discount” and/or original
issue discount (“OID”) for U.S. federal income tax purposes. Because the Fund may be required to recognize income in respect
of these investments before, or without receiving, cash representing such income, the Fund may have difficulty satisfying the annual distribution
requirements applicable to RICs and avoiding Fund-level U.S. federal income and/or excise taxes. Accordingly, the Fund may be required
to sell assets, including at potentially disadvantageous times or prices, raise additional debt or equity capital, make taxable distributions
of Shares or debt securities, or reduce new investments, to obtain the cash needed to make these income distributions. If the Fund liquidates
assets to raise cash, the Fund may realize additional gain or loss on such liquidations. In the event the Fund realizes additional net
capital gains from such liquidation transactions, Shareholders, may receive larger capital gain distributions than it or they would in
the absence of such transactions.
Instruments that are treated
as having OID for U.S. federal income tax purposes may have unreliable valuations because their continuing accruals require judgments
about the collectability of the deferred payments and the value of any collateral. Loans that are treated as having OID generally represent
a significantly higher credit risk than coupon loans. Accruals on such instruments may create uncertainty about the source of Fund distributions
to Shareholders. OID creates the risk of non-refundable cash payments to the Advisors based on accruals that may never be realized. In
addition, the deferral of payment-in-kind (“PIK”) interest also reduces a loan’s loan-to-value ratio at a compounding
rate.
Uncertain
Tax Treatment. The Fund may invest a portion of its net assets in below investment grade instruments.
Investments in these types of instruments may present special tax issues for the Fund. U.S. federal income tax rules are not entirely
clear about issues such as when the Fund may cease to accrue interest, OID or market discount, when and to what extent deductions may
be taken for bad debts or worthless instruments, how payments received on obligations in default should be allocated between principal
and income and whether exchanges of debt obligations in a bankruptcy or workout context are taxable. These and other issues will be addressed
by the Fund to the extent necessary in connection with the Fund’s intention to distribute sufficient income each tax year to minimize
the risk that it becomes subject to U.S. federal income or excise tax.
MANAGEMENT OF THE FUND
Trustees
Pursuant to the Declaration
of Trust and bylaws, the Fund’s business and affairs are managed under the direction of the Board, which has overall responsibility
for monitoring and overseeing the Fund’s management and operations. The Board consists of nine members, five of whom are considered
Independent Trustees. The Trustees are subject to removal or replacement in accordance with Delaware law and the Declaration of Trust.
The Trustees serving on the Board, except for Jeffrey B. Perlowitz and Elaine Orr, were elected by the organizational Shareholder of the
Fund. Jeffrey B. Perlowitz and Elaine Orr were appointed to the Board by the Trustees. The Statement of Additional Information provides
additional information about the Trustees.
CAM serves as the Fund’s
investment advisor pursuant to the terms of the Investment Advisory Agreement and subject to the authority of, and any policies established
by, the Board. Ares Capital serves as the Fund’s investment sub-advisor pursuant to the terms of the Investment Sub-Advisory Agreement.
Pursuant to the Investment Advisory Agreement and Investment Sub-Advisory Agreement, the Advisors manage the Fund’s investment portfolio,
direct purchases and sales of portfolio securities and report thereon to the Fund’s officers and Trustees regularly.
The Board, including a majority
of the Independent Trustees, oversees and monitors the Fund’s investment performance. After an initial two-year term, the Board
will review on an annual basis the Investment Advisory Agreement and the Investment Sub-Advisory Agreement to determine, among other things,
whether the fees payable under such agreements are reasonable in light of the services provided.
Investment Personnel
The Fund is primarily
the responsibility of two portfolio managers, Mitch Goldstein and Greg Margolies. The Fund is also supported by thirteen additional members
of the Sub-Advisor’s Allocation Committee.
Below is biographical information
relating to Mitch Goldstein and Greg Margolies and the members of the Sub-Advisor’s Allocation Committee:
Mitch
Goldstein
Mitch Goldstein is a Partner
and Co-Head of the Ares Credit Group. Mitch Goldstein serves on the Ares Executive Management Committee. Additionally, Mitch Goldstein
serves as Co-President of ARCC, interested trustee and Co-Chief Executive Officer of Ares Strategic Income Fund, and Vice President and
interested trustee of the Fund. Mitch Goldstein is a member of the Ares Credit Group’s U.S. Direct Lending, Commercial Finance,
Pathfinder and the Ivy Hill Asset Management Investment Committees, the Ares Infrastructure Debt Investment Committee, and the Ares SSG
Direct Lending (Australia). Prior to joining Ares Management in May 2005, Mitch Goldstein worked at Credit Suisse First Boston (“CSFB”),
where Mitch Goldstein was a Managing Director in the Financial Sponsors Group. At CSFB, Mitch Goldstein was responsible for providing
investment banking services to private equity funds and hedge funds with a focus on M&A and restructurings as well as capital raisings,
including high yield, bank debt, mezzanine debt, and initial public offerings. Mitch Goldstein joined CSFB in 2000 at the completion of
the merger with Donaldson, Lufkin & Jenrette. From 1998 to 2000, Mitch Goldstein was at Indosuez Capital, where Mitch Goldstein was
a member of the Investment Committee and a Principal, responsible for originating, structuring and executing leveraged transactions across
a broad range of products and asset classes. From 1993 to 1998, Mitch Goldstein worked at Bankers Trust. Mitch Goldstein also serves on
the Board of Managers of Ivy Hill Asset Management GP, LLC. Mitch Goldstein graduated summa cum laude from the State University of New
York at Binghamton with a B.S. in Accounting and received an M.B.A. from Columbia University’s Graduate School of Business.
Greg
Margolies
Greg Margolies is a Partner
in the Ares Credit Group. Greg Margolies serves as a member of the Ares Credit Group’s Alternative Credit Investment Committee,
the Ares Private Equity Group’s Special Opportunities Investment Committee and is on the Board of Directors of the Ares Charitable
Foundation.
Prior to joining Ares in 2009, Greg Margolies served as a
Managing Director and Global Head of Leveraged Finance and Capital Commitments at Merrill Lynch & Co. and was a member of the Executive
Committee for Merrill Lynch’s Global Investment Banking Group. Previously, Greg Margolies was Co-Head of the DB Capital Mezzanine
Fund. Greg Margolies serves on the Board of Directors for the International Organization for Women and Development and the Advisory Council
for University of Michigan’s Life Science Institute. Greg Margolies holds a B.A. from the University of Michigan in International
Economics and Finance and an M.B.A. from the University of Pennsylvania Wharton School of Business.
Keith
Ashton
Keith Ashton is a Partner,
Portfolio Manager and Co-Head of Alternative Credit in the Ares Credit Group. Keith Ashton serves as a Vice President and Portfolio Manager
for Ares Dynamic Credit Allocation Fund, Inc. (NYSE:ARDC). Keith Ashton serves as a member of the Ares Credit Group’s Alternative
Credit Pathfinder and Pathfinder Core Investment Committees. Additionally, Keith Ashton serves on the Ares Diversity, Equity and Inclusion
Council. Prior to joining Ares in 2011, Keith Ashton was a Partner at Indicus Advisors LLP, where Keith Ashton focused on launching the
global structured credit business in May 2007. Previously, Keith Ashton was a Portfolio Manager and Head of Structured Credit at TIAA-CREF,
where Keith Ashton focused on managing a portfolio of structured credit investments and helped launch TIAA’s institutional asset
management business. Keith Ashton’s experience as an investor in alternative fixed income products spans virtually all securitized
asset classes, including CLOs, consumer and commercial receivables, insurance and legal settlements, small business and trade receivables,
whole business securitizations, timeshare and other mortgage-related receivables, and esoteric asset classes such as catastrophe risk
and intellectual property. Keith Ashton holds a B.A. from Brigham Young University in Economics and an M.B.A. from the University of Rochester
William E. Simon School of Business in Finance and Accounting.
Seth
Brufsky
Seth Brufsky is a Partner,
Portfolio Manager and Chairman of Global Liquid Credit in the Ares Credit Group. Seth Brufsky also serves as the Chief Executive Officer,
President and is a Director of ARDC. Additionally, Seth Brufsky serves as a member of the Ares Credit Group’s Liquid Credit Investment
Committee. Prior to joining Ares in 1998, Seth Brufsky was a member of the Corporate Strategy and Research Group of Merrill Lynch &
Co., where Seth Brufsky focused on analyzing and marketing non-investment grade securities. Previously, Seth Brufsky was a member of the
Institutional Sales and Trading Group of the Global Fixed Income Division at Union Bank of Switzerland. Seth Brufsky serves on the Board
of Trustees of Choate Rosemary Hall, a private, co-educational, college-preparatory boarding school, and serves on the Dean’s Advisory
Boards for the College of Arts and Sciences and the College of Agriculture and Life Sciences of Cornell University. Seth Brufsky also
serves on the Board of the Luminescence Foundation, a charitable giving organization. Seth Brufsky holds a B.S. from Cornell University
in Applied Economics and Business Management and an M.B.A., with honors, from the University of Southern California Marshall School of
Business in Finance, where Seth Brufsky was awarded the Glassick Scholarship for academic achievement.
Kipp
deVeer
Kipp deVeer is a Director
and Partner of Ares Management Corporation and Head of the Ares Credit Group. Kipp deVeer is a member of the Ares Executive Management
Committee and the Ares Diversity, Equity and Inclusion Council. Kipp deVeer also serves as a Director and Chief Executive Officer of ARCC
and an interested trustee and Chairman of the Board of Trustees of Ares Strategic Income Fund. Kipp deVeer is a member of the Ares Credit
Group’s U.S. Direct Lending, European Direct Lending and Pathfinder Investment Committees. Prior to joining Ares in 2004, Kipp deVeer
was a partner at RBC Capital Partners, a division of Royal Bank of Canada, which led the firm’s middle market financing and principal
investment business. Kipp deVeer joined RBC in October 2001 from Indosuez Capital, where Kip deVeer was Vice President in the Merchant
Banking Group. Previously, Kipp deVeer worked at J.P. Morgan and Co., both in the Special Investment Group of J.P. Morgan Investment Management,
Inc. and the Investment Banking Division of J.P. Morgan Securities Inc. Kipp deVeer received a B.A. from Yale University and an M.B.A.
from Stanford University’s Graduate School of Business.
Mark Gatto
Mark Gatto is Co-Founder,
Co-Chief Executive Officer and Co-President of CION and CIC. Mark Gatto is also a Director of CAM. Mark Gatto serves on the investment
committee of CIC and the investment allocation committee of the Fund. Mark Gatto joined CION in 1999. Mark Gatto served as Executive Vice
President and Chief Acquisitions Officer from May 2007 through January 2008. Mark Gatto served as Executive Vice President of Business
Development from May 2006 through May 2007 and Vice President of Marketing from August 2005 through February 2006. Mark Gatto was also
Associate General Counsel from November 1999 until October 2000. Previously, Mark Gatto was an executive for a leading international product
development and marketing company from 2000 through 2003. Later, Mark Gatto co-founded a specialty business-consulting firm in New York
City where Mark Gatto served as its managing partner before re-joining CION in 2005. Mark Gatto was also an attorney in private practice
prior to joining the firm. Mark Gatto received an M.B.A from the W. Paul Stillman School of Business at Seton Hall University, a J.D.
from Seton Hall University School of Law, and a B.S. from Montclair State University.
Scott
Graves
Scott Graves is a Partner,
Co-Head of Private Equity Group, Portfolio Manager and Head of Special Opportunities. Scott Graves serves as a member of the Ares Executive
Management Committee and the Ares Private Equity Group’s Corporate Opportunities, Special Opportunities, Energy Opportunities, and
Extended Value Investment Committees. Scott Graves currently serves as the Chairman of the Board for Savers Value Village, Inc. and serves
on the boards of Altafiber, Infrastructure and Energy Alternatives, Inc., McLaren Automotive Group and Vmo Aircraft Leasing Group, LLC.
Prior to joining Ares in 2017, Scott Graves spent over 15 years in various capacities as a senior executive and investment professional
for Oaktree Capital Management, L.P. From 2013 through 2016, Scott Graves served as Oaktree’s Head of Credit Strategies and Portfolio
Manager of Multi-Strategy Credit. Scott Graves was responsible for a substantial portion of Oaktree’s credit platform, managed investment
portfolios spanning the breadth of Oaktree’s credit strategies and was active in Oaktree corporate management, serving on the Capital
and Risk Management Board, the Senior Leadership Counsel, the Product Governance Board and the Project Steering Committee. From 2001 through
2013, Scott Graves was an investment professional in Oaktree’s Opportunities Funds, Value Opportunities Fund and Strategic Credit
Funds strategies, where Scott Graves served as a Portfolio Manager. Scott Graves also managed Oaktree’s corporate and strategic
development group, leading the firm’s product step-outs into emerging market credit, strategic credit, value equities, infrastructure,
the enhanced income strategies, structured credit and senior secured lending. Prior to joining Oaktree, Scott Graves served as a Principal
in William E. Simon & Sons’ private equity group and as an Analyst at Merrill Lynch & Company in the mergers and acquisitions
group. Additionally, Scott Graves worked at Price Waterhouse LLP in the audit business services division. Scott Graves holds a B.A. from
the University of California, Los Angeles, in History and an M.B.A. from the Wharton School at the University of Pennsylvania, where Scott
Graves currently serves on the Wharton School Graduate Executive Board. Scott Graves is a Certified Public Accountant (inactive).
Blair
Jacobson
Blair Jacobson is a Partner
and Co-Head of European Credit in the Ares Credit Group and serves on the Ares Executive Management Committee and the Ares Diversity,
Equity and Inclusion Council. Blair Jacobson also serves on the boards of Ares Management Limited and Ares Management UK Limited. Additionally,
Blair Jacobson serves on the Ares Credit Group’s European Direct Lending and European Liquid Credit Investment Committees, the Ares
Secondaries Group’s Credit Investment Committee and the Ares Sports, Media and Entertainment Investment Committee. Prior to joining
Ares in 2012, Blair Jacobson was a Partner at The StepStone Group, where Blair Jacobson focused on building and running European operations,
including oversight of private debt and equity investments. Previously, Blair Jacobson was a Partner at Citigroup Private Equity and Mezzanine
Partners in London and New York. In addition, Blair Jacobson has held a variety of roles in investment banking and mergers and acquisitions
in a broad range of industries, including at Lehman Brothers. Blair Jacobson holds a B.A., magna cum laude, from Williams College in Political
Economy and an M.B.A., with honors, from the University of Chicago Booth School of Business in Finance.
Jeffrey Kramer
Jeffrey Kramer is a Partner,
Portfolio Manager and Head of ABS in the Ares Credit Group, where Jeffrey Kramer focuses on alternative credit investments. Additionally,
Jeffrey Kramer serves as a member of the Ares Credit Group’s Alternative Credit, Pathfinder, Pathfinder Core Investment Committees.
Prior to joining Ares in 2013, Jeffrey Kramer worked in the Special Situations Group at Goldman Sachs & Co., where Jeffrey Kramer
was a member of the Asset Investing team from 2009 through 2013, focusing on investing and lending across a wide range of consumer and
commercial related assets. Prior to Jeffrey Kramer’s integration into the Special Situations Group at Goldman Sachs, Jeffrey Kramer
founded ReMark Capital Group, LLC, in 2005, an investment management company focused on the acquisition and structured lending of pools
of consumer loans. ReMark Capital was a partnership between Jeffrey Kramer and Goldman Sachs, and the platform was acquired in full by
Goldman Sachs in 2009. Previously, Jeffrey Kramer was an Executive Director in the Global Financial Markets Division and Co-Head of the
Securitization and Structured Credit Unit of WestLB AG, a European based global commercial and investment bank. Prior to that, Jeffrey
Kramer worked in the Structured Finance and Capital Markets Groups of both Rothschild, Inc. and Nomura Securities and was a Vice President
in the Asset Finance Unit at Financial Security Assurance Inc. Jeffrey Kramer holds a B.B.A. from the University of Texas at Austin in
Finance.
Michael
A. Reisner
Michael A. Reisner is Co-Founder,
Co-Chief Executive Officer and Co-President of CION as well as Co-Chief Executive Officer of CIC. In addition, Michael A. Reisner is a
Director of CAM. Michael A. Reisner serves on the Investment Committee of CIC as well as the Investment Allocation committee of the Fund.
Before co-founding CION in 2012, Michael A. Reisner held positions of increasing responsibility at its predecessor company, including
serving as co-Chief Executive Officer from 2008 to 2012, Chief Financial Officer from 2007 to 2008, Executive Vice President — Originations
from February 2006 through 2007 and Senior Vice President and General Counsel from 2004 through 2006. Earlier in Michael A. Reisner’s
career, Michael A. Reisner was an attorney in private practice in New York from 1996 to 2001. Michael A. Reisner serves on the Boards
of both CIC and the Fund and served on the Board of the Institute for Portfolio Alternatives (IPA) from 2018 to 2021. Michael A. Reisner
received a J.D., cum laude, from New York Law School and a B.A. from the University of Vermont.
David
A. Sachs
David A. Sachs is a Partner
in the Ares Strategy and Relationship Management Group, and focuses on the Ares Credit Group’s publicly traded funds, strategic
growth opportunities for Ares and facilitating the sharing of credit knowledge across the Ares platform. David A. Sachs serves as a Director
and Chairman of the Board of ARDC and is an interested trustee of the Fund. David A. Sachs also serves as an interested trustee of Ares
Private Markets Fund. Additionally, David A. Sachs serves as a member of the Ares Credit Group’s Alternative Credit Investment Committee,
the Ares Private Equity Group’s Energy Opportunities, Extended Value, and Asia Investment Committees, the Ares Real Estate Global
and Real Estate Debt Investment Committees, and the Ares Equity Income Opportunity Strategy Portfolio Review Committee. Prior to joining
Ares in 1997, David A. Sachs was a Principal of Onyx Partners, Inc., where David A. Sachs focused on merchant banking and related capital
raising activities in the private equity and mezzanine debt markets. Previously, David A. Sachs also worked with Taylor & Co., an
investment manager providing investment advisory and consulting services to members of the Bass Family of Fort Worth, Texas, and Columbia
Savings and Loan Association as Executive Vice President, where David A. Sachs was responsible for asset-liability management and running
the investment management department. David A. Sachs serves as the Non-Executive Chairman of Terex Corporation and is on the Board of
Trustees and the McCormick Advisory Council at Northwestern University. David A. Sachs holds a B.S. from Northwestern University in Industrial
Engineering and Management Science.
Kort
Schnabel
Kort Schnabel is a Partner
in the Ares Credit Group and serves as Co-Head for U.S. Direct Lending, serving on the U.S. Direct Lending Investment Committee. Additionally,
Kort Schnabel serves as Co-President of ARCC. Kort Schnabel also serves on the Ares Sports, Media and Entertainment
Investment Committee and acts as a co-lead for the strategy.
Prior to joining Ares in 2001, Kort Schnabel was in the Corporate Development Group at Walker Digital Corporation, a business and technology
research and development firm, where Kort Schnabel was responsible for corporate finance, merger and acquisition and strategic planning
activities. Previously, Kort Schnabel was in the Corporate Finance Group at Morgan Stanley, where Kort Schnabel performed financial analyses
for mergers and acquisitions, leveraged buyouts and equity/debt offerings. Kort Schnabel holds a B.A., cum laude, from the University
of Pennsylvania in Economics.
Michael
Smith
Michael Smith is a Partner
and Co-Head of the Ares Global Credit Group. Michael Smith serves on the Ares Executive Management Committee. Additionally, Michael Smith
serves as a Director of ARCC and previously served as Co-President of ARCC from July 2014 to October 2022 and Executive Vice President
from May 2013 to July 2014. Michael Smith also serves as an interested trustee and Co-Chief Executive Officer of Ares Strategic Income
Fund. Michael Smith is a member of the Ares Credit Group’s U.S. Direct Lending and Commercial Finance Investment Committees, the
Ivy Hill Asset Management Investment Committee, the Ares Private Equity Group’s Special Opportunities Investment Committee, the
Ares Secondaries Group’s Private Equity Investment Committee, and the Ares Infrastructure Group’s Infrastructure Group’s
Infrastructure Opportunities, Climate Infrastructure Partners and Infrastructure Debt Investment Committees. Prior to joining Ares in
2004, Michael Smith was a Partner at RBC Capital Partners, a division of Royal Bank of Canada, which led the firm’s middle market
financing and principal investment business. Previously, Michael Smith worked at Indosuez Capital in their Merchant Banking Group, Kenter,
Glastris & Company, and at Salomon Brothers Inc., in their Debt Capital Markets Group and Financial Institutions Group. Michael Smith
serves on the Board of Directors of the University of Notre Dame’s Wilson Sheehan Lab for Economic Opportunity (LEO), which helps
service providers apply scientific evaluation methods to better understand and share effective poverty interventions. Michael Smith received
a B.S. in Business Administration from the University of Notre Dame and a Masters in Management from Northwestern University’s Kellogg
Graduate School of Management.
Bryan
Donohoe
Bryan Donohoe is a Partner
and Co-Head of Ares U.S. Real Estate. Bryan Donohoe is also the Chief Executive Officer of Ares Commercial Real Estate Corporation. Additionally,
Bryan Donohoe serves on the Ares Real Estate Global Investment Committee and the Ares Real Estate Debt Investment Committee. Prior to
joining Ares in 2019, Bryan Donohoe was a Managing Director for Commercial Real Estate Debt in AllianceBernstein’s Real Estate Investment
Group. Previously, Bryan Donohoe was a Senior Professional at Ranieri Real Estate Partners. In addition, Bryan Donohoe spent 10 years
at Deutsche Bank, where Bryan Donohoe focused on originating, structuring and closing of first mortgage loans, B notes and mezzanine debt.
Bryan Donohoe holds a B.A. from Middlebury College in Political Science.
Boris
Okuliar
Boris Okuliar is a Partner,
Portfolio Manager and Co-Head of Global Liquid Credit in the Ares Credit Group. Boris Okuliar serves as a member of the Ares Credit Group’s
European Liquid Credit and European Direct Lending Investment Committees. Prior to joining Ares in 2016, Boris Okuliar was a Managing
Director and Head of Capital Markets for Global Market Strategies at The Carlyle Group, where Boris Okuliar focused on sourcing credit
investment opportunities from banks and sponsors, syndicating excess risk, and developing new business opportunities. Previously, Boris
Okuliar was Head of Leveraged Capital Markets for UBS, where Boris Okuliar focused on the structuring and market execution of leveraged
loans, bridge financing and high yield bond placements. In addition, Boris Okuliar was Head of High Yield Capital Markets and Syndicate
at Barclays Capital in London. Boris Okuliar has also worked for Banc of America Securities in Syndicated Finance and High Yield Capital
Markets in the U.S. and London. Boris Okuliar holds a B.S.B.A. from Georgetown University with a double major in Finance and International
Business, and is a graduate of the Advanced Management Program at Harvard Business School.
Control Persons
A control person generally
is a person who beneficially owns more than 25% of the voting securities of a company or has the power to exercise control over the management
or policies of such company. To the knowledge of the Fund, as of March 31, 2023, no persons were deemed to control the Fund.
Administrative Services
Pursuant to the CAM Administration
Agreement, CAM furnishes the Fund with office equipment and clerical, bookkeeping and record keeping services at the Fund’s office
facilities. Under the CAM Administration Agreement, the Fund is obligated to reimburse CAM, at cost, based upon the Fund’s allocable
portion of CAM’s overhead and other expenses (including travel expenses) incurred by CAM in performing its obligations under the
CAM Administration Agreement, including the Fund’s allocable portion of the compensation of certain of its officers (including but
not limited to the chief compliance officer, chief financial officer, chief accounting officer, general counsel, treasurer and assistant
treasurer) and their respective staffs. The CAM Administration Agreement may be terminated by either party without penalty upon 60 days’
written notice to the other party. The total expenses incurred under the CAM Administration Agreement for the year ended December 31,
2022 were approximately $1,774,000.
Pursuant to the ALPS Administration
Agreement, ALPS Fund Services performs, or administers the performance of, certain of the Fund’s required administrative services,
which include, among other things, providing administrative assistance in accounting, legal, compliance, and operations, preparing the
financial records that the Fund is required to maintain and preparing reports to the Fund’s Shareholders and reports filed with
the SEC. In addition, ALPS Fund Services coordinates the preparation and filing of the Fund’s tax returns and generally coordinates
the payment of the Fund’s expenses and the performance of administrative and professional services rendered to the Fund by others.
The total expenses incurred under the ALPS Administration Agreement for the year ended December 31, 2022 were approximately $2,456,000.
Distribution Fee
Class C Shares will pay to
the Distributor a Distribution Fee that will accrue at an annual rate equal to 0.75% of the Fund’s average daily net assets attributable
to Class C Shares and is payable on a quarterly basis. Class A Shares are not subject to a Distribution Fee. See “Plan of Distribution.”
Indemnification
The Investment Advisory Agreement
and Investment Sub-Advisory Agreement provide that, absent willful misfeasance, bad faith or gross negligence in the performance of its
duties or by reason of the reckless disregard of its duties and obligations, the Advisors, their members and their respective officers,
managers, partners, agents, employees, controlling persons, members and any other person or entity affiliated with any of them are entitled
to indemnification from the Fund for any damages, liabilities, costs and expenses (including reasonable attorneys’ fees and amounts
reasonably paid in settlement) arising out of or otherwise based upon the performance of any of the Advisors’ duties or obligations
under the Investment Advisory Agreement and Investment Sub-Advisory Agreement or otherwise as an investment advisor or investment sub-advisor
of the Fund.
Custodians, Distribution
Paying Agent, Transfer Agent and Registrar
State Street Bank and Trust
Company, which has its principal office at Channel Center, 1 Iron Street, Boston, MA, 02210, serves as custodian for the Fund.
SS&C GIDS, Inc., which
has its principal office at 333 W 11th Street, 5th Floor, Kansas City, MO 64105, serves as the Fund’s distribution paying agent,
transfer agent and registrar.
FUND EXPENSES
The Advisors bear all of
their own costs incurred in providing investment advisory and sub-advisory services to the Fund. As described below, however, the Fund
bears all other expenses incurred in the business and operation of the Fund, including amounts that the Fund reimburses to CAM and ALPS
Fund Services for certain administrative services that CAM and ALPS Fund Services provide or arrange to be provided to the Fund.
Expenses borne directly by
the Fund include:
•
corporate,
organizational and offering costs relating to offerings of Shares and Preferred Shares;
•
the
cost of calculating the NAV of Shares, including the cost of any third-party pricing or valuation services;
•
the
cost of effecting sales and repurchases of Shares and other securities;
•
the
Management Fee and Incentive Fee;
•
investment
related expenses (e.g., expenses
that, in the Advisors’ discretion, are related to the investment of the Fund’s assets, whether or not such investments are
consummated), including, as applicable, brokerage commissions, borrowing charges on securities sold short, clearing and settlement charges,
recordkeeping, interest expense, dividends on securities sold but not yet purchased, margin fees, investment related travel and lodging
expenses and research-related expenses;
•
professional
fees relating to investments, including expenses of consultants, investment bankers, attorneys, accountants and other experts;
•
fees
and expenses relating to software tools, programs or other technology (including risk management software, fees to risk management services
providers, third-party software licensing, implementation, data management and recovery services and custom development costs);
•
research
and market data (including news and quotation equipment and services, and any computer hardware and connectivity hardware (e.g.,
telephone and fiber optic lines) incorporated into the cost of obtaining such research and market data);
•
all
costs and charges for equipment or services used in communicating information regarding the Fund’s transactions among the Advisors
and any custodian or other agent engaged by the Fund;
•
transfer
agent and custodial fees;
•
Distributor
costs;
•
fees
and expenses associated with marketing efforts;
•
federal
and any state registration or notification fees;
•
federal,
state and local taxes;
•
fees
and expenses of Trustees not also serving in an executive officer capacity for the Fund or the Advisors;
•
the
costs of preparing, printing and mailing reports and other communications, including tender offer correspondence or similar materials,
to Shareholders;
•
fidelity
bond, Trustees and officers errors and omissions liability insurance and other insurance premiums;
•
direct
costs such as printing, mailing, long distance telephone and staff;
•
overhead
costs, including rent, office supplies, utilities and capital equipment;
•
legal
expenses (including those expenses associated with preparing the Fund’s public filings, attending and preparing for Board meetings,
as applicable, and generally serving as counsel to the Fund);
•
external accounting expenses (including
fees and disbursements and expenses related to the annual audit of the Fund and the preparation of the Fund’s tax information);
•
any
costs and expenses associated with or related to due diligence performed with respect to the Fund’s offering of its shares, including
but not limited to, costs associated with or related to due diligence activities performed by, on behalf of, or for the benefit of broker-dealers,
registered investment advisors, and third-party due diligence providers;
•
costs
associated with reporting and compliance obligations under the 1940 Act and applicable federal and state securities laws, including compliance
with The Sarbanes-Oxley Act of 2002;
•
all
other expenses incurred by the Fund, CAM and ALPS Fund Services in connection with administering the Fund’s business, including
expenses incurred by CAM and ALPS Fund Services in performing administrative services for the Fund and administrative personnel paid by
CAM and ALPS Fund Services, to the extent they are not controlling persons of CAM and ALPS Fund Services or any of their respective affiliates,
subject to the limitations included in the Administration Agreements; and
•
any
expenses incurred outside of the ordinary course of business, including, without limitation, costs incurred in connection with any claim,
litigation, arbitration, mediation, government investigation or similar proceeding and indemnification expenses as provided for in the
Fund’s organizational documents.
Further, Class A and Class
C Shares are subject to a quarterly shareholder servicing fee at an annual rate of up to 0.25% of the average daily net assets of the
Fund attributable to the respective share class. In addition, Class C Shares are subject to a 0.75% Distribution Fee.
It is also understood and
agreed that if persons associated with the Advisors or any of their affiliates, including persons who are officers of the Fund, provide
accounting, legal, clerical or administrative services to the Fund at the request of the Fund, the Fund will reimburse the Advisors and
their affiliates for their costs in providing such accounting, legal, clerical or administrative services to the Fund (which costs may
include an allocation of overhead including rent and the allocable portion of the salaries and benefits of the relevant persons and their
respective staffs, including travel expenses), using a methodology for determining costs approved by the Board. Nothing contained herein
shall be construed to restrict the Fund’s right to hire its own employees or to contract for services to be performed by third parties.
Except as otherwise described
in this prospectus, the Advisors and ALPS Fund Services will be reimbursed by the Fund, as applicable, for any of the above expenses that
they pay on behalf of the Fund, including administrative expenses they incur on the Fund’s behalf.
Expense Support and Conditional
Reimbursement Agreement
The Advisor and the Fund
have entered into the Expense Support and Conditional Reimbursement Agreement under which the Advisor may voluntarily determine to provide
an Expense Payment to the Fund to the extent that it deems appropriate in order to ensure that the Fund bears an appropriate level of
expenses. The Expense Support and Conditional Reimbursement Agreement will remain in effect at least until July 31, 2023, unless and until
the Board approves its modification or termination. The Expense Support and Conditional Reimbursement Agreement may be renewed for additional
one-year terms by the mutual agreement of the Advisor and the Fund. Prior to July 31, 2019, the Advisor had agreed contractually to reimburse
the Fund’s initial organizational and offering costs, as well as the Fund’s operating expenses, to the extent that aggregate
distributions made to the Fund’s shareholders during the applicable quarter exceeded the sum of (i) the Fund’s net investment
Fund taxable income (including net short-term capital gains reduced by net long-term capital losses); (ii) the Fund’s net capital
gains (including the excess of net long-term capital gains over net short-term capital losses); and (iii) dividends and other distributions
paid to or otherwise earned by the Fund on account of investments in portfolio companies (to the extent such amounts listed in clause
(iii) are not included under clauses (i) and (ii) above).
An Advisor Reimbursement
will be made only if and to the extent that (i) it is payable not more than three years from the last business day of the calendar quarter
in which the applicable Expense Payment was made by the Advisor; (ii) the Advisory Reimbursement does not cause Other Fund Operating Expenses
(as
defined herein) (on an annualized basis and net of any reimbursements
received by the Fund during such fiscal year) during the applicable quarter to exceed the percentage of the Fund’s average net assets
attributable to Class A and Class C Shares, respectively, represented by Other Fund Operating Expenses (on an annualized basis) during
the quarter in which the applicable Expense Payment from the Advisor was made; and (iii) the distributions per share declared by the Fund
for the applicable class at the time of the applicable Expense Payment are less than the effective rate of distributions per share for
such class at the time the Advisor Reimbursement would be paid.
Other Fund Operating Expenses
is defined as the Fund’s total Operating Expenses (as defined below), excluding the Management and Incentive fees, offering expenses,
financing fees and costs, interest expense and extraordinary expenses. “Operating Expenses” means all operating costs and
expenses incurred by the Fund, as determined in accordance with generally accepted accounting principles for investment companies.
Offering Costs
All offering costs of the
Fund paid by the Advisor shall be subject to reimbursement pursuant to the Expense Support and Conditional Reimbursement Agreement.
MANAGEMENT AND INCENTIVE
FEES
Pursuant to the Investment
Advisory Agreement, and in consideration of the advisory services provided by the Advisor to the Fund, the Advisor is entitled to a fee
consisting of two components — the Management Fee and the Incentive Fee. Pursuant to the Investment Sub-Advisory Agreement,
the Advisor pays the Sub-Advisor 40% of the Management Fee and Incentive Fee actually received and retained and not otherwise used to
support expenses.
Management Fee
The Management Fee is calculated
and payable monthly in arrears at the annual rate of 1.25% of the average daily value of the Fund’s Managed Assets. “Managed
Assets” means the total assets of the Fund (including any assets attributable to any preferred shares that may be issued or to indebtedness)
minus the Fund’s liabilities other than liabilities relating to indebtedness. The Management Fees incurred during the fiscal year
ended December 31, 2022 was approximately $40,784,000.
Incentive Fee
The Incentive Fee is calculated
and payable quarterly in arrears based upon “pre-incentive fee net investment income” attributable to each class of the Fund’s
Shares for the immediately preceding fiscal quarter, and is subject to a hurdle rate, expressed as a rate of return based on each class’s
average daily net asset value (calculated in accordance with GAAP), equal to 1.50% per quarter (or an annualized hurdle rate of 6.00%),
subject to a “catch-up” feature. For this purpose, “pre-incentive fee net investment income” means interest income,
dividend income and any other income accrued during the fiscal quarter, minus each class’s operating expenses for the quarter and
the distribution and/or shareholder servicing fees (if any) applicable to each class accrued during the fiscal quarter. For such purposes,
the Fund’s operating expenses will include the Management Fee, expenses reimbursed to CAM under the CAM Administration Agreement,
by and between the Fund and CAM, and any interest expense and distributions paid on any issued and outstanding Preferred Shares, but will
exclude the Incentive Fee.
Thus, the calculation of
the Incentive Fee for each fiscal quarter is as follows:
•
No
Incentive Fee is payable in any fiscal quarter in which the applicable pre-incentive fee net investment income attributable to the applicable
share class does not exceed the quarterly hurdle rate of 1.50% of such class’s average daily net assets (calculated in accordance
with GAAP), or 6.00% annualized;
•
100%
of the pre-incentive fee net investment income attributable to the applicable share class, if any, that exceeds the hurdle rate but is
less than or equal to 1.765% of such class’s average daily net asset value (calculated in accordance with GAAP) in any fiscal quarter
(7.06% annualized) is payable to the Advisor; and
•
15%
of the pre-incentive fee net investment income attributable to the applicable share class, if any, that exceeds 1.765% of such class’s
average daily net assets (calculated in accordance with GAAP) in any fiscal quarter (7.06% annualized) is payable to the Advisor (i.e.
once the hurdle rate is reached and the catch-up is achieved).
The following is a graphical representation
of the calculation of the Incentive Fee:
Quarterly
Incentive Fee
Class’s pre-incentive fee net investment income
(expressed as a percentage of the Class’s average
daily net asset value)
Percentage
of each Class’s pre-incentive fee net investment income allocated to the Incentive Fee.
These calculations will be
appropriately prorated for any period of less than three months. During the year ended December 31, 2022, all Share classes of the Fund
incurred a total of approximately $20,043,000 in incentive fees.
Approval of the Investment
Advisory Agreement and Sub-Advisory Agreement
Such approval of the Investment
Advisory Agreement was made in accordance with, and on the basis of an evaluation satisfactory to the Board, as required by Section 15(c)
of the 1940 Act and the applicable rules and regulations thereunder, including consideration of, among other factors, (i) the nature,
quality and extent of the services provided by CAM under the Investment Advisory Agreement; (ii) the investment performance of the Fund,
CAM; (iii) comparative information with respect to advisory fees and other expenses paid by other comparable investment companies; and
(iv) information about the services performed by CAM and the personnel of CAM providing such services under the Investment Advisory Agreement.
Such approval of the Investment
Sub-Advisory Agreement was made in accordance with, and on the basis of an evaluation satisfactory to the Board, as required by Section
15(c) of the 1940 Act and the applicable rules and regulations thereunder, including consideration of, among other factors, (i) the nature,
quality and extent of the services provided by Ares Capital under the Investment Sub-Advisory Agreement; (ii) the investment performance
of the Fund, Ares Capital; (iii) comparative information with respect to advisory fees and other expenses paid by other comparable investment
companies; and (iv) information about the services performed by Ares Capital and the personnel of Ares Capital providing such services
under the Investment Sub-Advisory Agreement.
A discussion of the basis
for the Board’s renewal of the Investment Advisory Agreement and Investment Sub-Advisory Agreement can be found in the Fund’s
Semi-Annual Report dated June 30, 2022.
DETERMINATION OF NET
ASSET VALUE
The Board has designated
the Advisor as the Fund’s valuation designee for purposes of Rule 2a-5 under the 1940 Act. NAV per Share will be determined daily
by the Advisor on each day the NYSE is open for trading or at such other times as the Board may determine. NAV per Share is determined,
on a class-specific basis, by dividing the total value of the Fund’s net assets attributable to the applicable class by the total
number of Fund Shares of such class outstanding. The Fund’s net assets are determined by subtracting any liabilities (including
borrowings for investment purposes) from the total value of its portfolio investments and other assets. Each Class A Share will be offered
at NAV plus the applicable sales load, while each Class C Share will be offered at NAV. The Fund’s net assets are available to holders
of Preferred Shares (if any) and Shares. If any Preferred Shares are outstanding, net assets available for the Shareholders is determined
by deducting from net assets the liquidation preference and any accrued dividends on the Preferred Shares.
Bank loans, including syndicated
loans, are valued by using readily available market quotations or another commercially reasonable method selected by an independent, third
party pricing service that has been approved by the Advisor, or, if such independent, third-party valuations are not available, by using
broker quotations.
Corporate Bonds and CLOs,
and certain other domestic debt securities, are valued at the last reported bid prices supplied by an independent, third party pricing
service that has been approved by the Advisor. If the last reported bid price is not readily available or is otherwise deemed to be unreliable
by the Advisor, then such securities are valued at fair value pursuant to procedures approved by the Board.
If they are traded on the
valuation date, equity securities that are listed or traded on a national exchange will be valued at the last quoted sale price. Likewise,
equity securities that are traded on NASDAQ will be valued at the NASDAQ official closing price if the securities are traded on the valuation
date. If securities are listed on more than one exchange, and if the securities are traded on the valuation date, they will be valued
at the last quoted sale price on the exchange on which the security is principally traded. If there is no sale of the security on the
valuation date, the Advisor will value the securities at the last reported sale price, unless the Advisor believes such price no longer
represents the fair market value and elects to value the security at fair value pursuant to procedures approved by the Board. If the validity
of such quoted prices appears to be questionable or if such quoted prices are not readily available, then the securities will be valued
at fair value pursuant to procedures approved by the Board. Market quotations may be deemed not to represent fair value in certain circumstances
where the Advisor reasonably believes that facts and circumstances applicable to an issuer, seller or purchaser or to the market for a
particular security cause current market quotations not to reflect the fair value of the security. Examples of these events could include
situations in which material events are announced after the close of the market on which a security is primarily traded, a security trades
infrequently causing a quoted purchase or sale price to become stale, or a security’s trading has been halted or suspended.
The value of swaps, including
credit default swaps, total return swaps and interest rate swaps will be determined by obtaining at least one dealer quotation (including
information from counterparties) or valuations from third-party pricing services. If no quotations or valuations are available, or if
such quotations or valuations are believed to be unreliable, swaps will be fair valued pursuant to procedures approved by the Board.
Generally, trading in U.S.
Government securities and money market instruments is substantially completed each day at various times prior to the close of business
on the NYSE. The values of such securities used in computing the NAV of the Fund’s Shares are determined as of such times.
CONFLICTS OF INTEREST
Certain of the Fund’s
executive officers and trustees, and the employees of the Advisors, serve or may serve as officers, trustees or principals of entities
that operate in the same or a related line of business as the Fund or of other Ares- or CION-advised funds (“Other Managed Funds”).
As a result, they have obligations to investors in those entities, the fulfillment of which might not be in the best interests of the
Fund or its Shareholders. Moreover, notwithstanding the difference in principal investment objectives between the Fund and the Other Managed
Funds, such other funds, including potential new pooled investment vehicles or managed accounts not yet established (whether managed or
sponsored by affiliates or the Advisors), have, and may from time to time have, overlapping investment objectives with the Fund and, accordingly,
invest in, whether principally or secondarily, asset classes similar to those targeted by the Fund. To the extent the Other Managed Funds
have overlapping investment objectives, the scope of opportunities otherwise available to the Fund may be adversely affected and/or reduced.
Additionally, certain employees of the Advisors and their management face conflicts in their time management and commitments as well as
in the allocation of investment opportunities to other Ares funds.
The results of the Fund’s
investment activities may differ significantly from the results achieved by the Other Managed Funds. It is possible that one or more of
such funds will achieve investment results that are substantially more or less favorable than the results achieved by the Fund. Moreover,
it is possible that the Fund will sustain losses during periods in which one or more affiliates achieve significant profits on their trading
for proprietary or other accounts. The opposite result is also possible. The investment activities of one or more Advisor affiliates for
their proprietary accounts and accounts under their management may also limit the investment opportunities for the Fund in certain markets.
The Advisors may determine
that the Fund should invest on a side-by-side basis with one or more Other Managed Funds. In certain circumstances, negotiated co-investments
may be made only in accordance with the terms of the exemptive order Ares received from the SEC (the “Order”). Co-investments
made under the Order are subject to compliance with the conditions and other requirements contained in the Order, which could limit the
Fund’s ability to participate in a co-investment transaction.
In the event investment opportunities
are allocated among the Fund and Other Managed Funds, the Fund may not be able to structure its investment portfolio in the manner desired.
Although the Advisors endeavor to allocate investment opportunities in a fair and equitable manner, the Fund is not generally permitted
to co-invest in any portfolio company in which a fund managed by Ares or any of its downstream affiliates (other than the Fund and its
downstream affiliates) currently has an investment. However, the Fund may co-invest with funds managed by Ares or any of its downstream
affiliates, subject to compliance with existing regulatory guidance, applicable regulations and its allocation procedures.
From time to time, the Fund
and the Other Managed Funds may make investments at different levels of an issuer’s capital structure or otherwise in different
classes of an issuer’s securities. Such investments inherently give rise to conflicts of interest or perceived conflicts of interest
between or among the various classes of securities that may be held by such entities.
The Advisors, their affiliates
and their clients may pursue or enforce rights with respect to an issuer in which the Fund has invested, and those activities may have
an adverse effect on the Fund. As a result, prices, availability, liquidity and terms of the Fund’s investments may be negatively
impacted by the activities of the Advisors and their affiliates or their clients, and transactions for the Fund may be impaired or effected
at prices or terms that may be less favorable than would otherwise have been the case.
The Advisors may enter into
transactions and invest in securities, instruments and currencies on behalf of the Fund in which customers of its affiliates, to the extent
permitted by applicable law, serve as the counterparty, principal or issuer. In such cases, such party’s interests in the transaction
would generally be adverse to the interests of the Fund, and such party would have no incentive to assure that the Fund obtains the best
possible prices or terms in connection with the transaction. In addition, the purchase, holding and sale of such investments by the Fund
may enhance the profitability of the Advisors or their affiliates. One or more affiliates may also create, write or issue Derivatives
for their customers, the underlying securities, currencies or instruments of which may be those in which the Fund invests or which
may be based on the performance of the Fund. The Fund may,
subject to applicable law, purchase investments that are the subject of an underwriting or other distribution by one or more Advisor affiliates
and may also enter into transactions with other clients of an affiliate where such other clients have interests adverse to those of the
Fund.
The Fund will be required
to establish business relationships with its counterparties based on the Fund’s own credit standing. Neither the Advisors nor any
of their affiliates will have any obligation to allow its credit to be used in connection with the Fund’s establishment of its business
relationships, nor is it expected that the Fund’s counterparties will rely on the credit of the Advisors or their affiliates in
evaluating the Fund’s creditworthiness.
The Advisors are paid a fee
based on a percentage of the Fund’s Managed Assets. The participation of the Advisors’ investment professionals in the valuation
process therefore results in a conflict of interest. The Advisors also have a conflict of interest in deciding whether to cause the Fund
to incur leverage or to invest in more speculative investments or financial instruments, which increase the assets or the yield of the
Fund and, accordingly, the Management Fees or Incentive Fees received by the Advisors. Certain other Ares-advised funds pay the Advisors
or their affiliates performance-based compensation, which could create an incentive for the Advisors or affiliate to favor such investment
fund or account over the Fund.
By reason of the various
activities of the Advisors and their affiliates, the Advisors and such affiliates may acquire confidential or material non-public information
or otherwise be restricted from purchasing certain potential Fund investments that otherwise might have been purchased or be restricted
from selling certain Fund investments that might otherwise have been sold at the time.
The Advisors have adopted
policies and procedures designed to prevent conflicts of interest from influencing proxy voting decisions made on behalf of advisory clients,
including the Fund, and to help ensure that such decisions are made in accordance with its fiduciary obligations to clients. Nevertheless,
notwithstanding such proxy voting policies and procedures, actual proxy voting decisions may have the effect of favoring the interests
of other clients, provided that the Advisors believe such voting decisions to be in accordance with its fiduciary obligations.
SHARE REPURCHASE PROGRAM
The Fund does not currently
intend to list its Shares on any securities exchange and does not expect any secondary market for them to develop in the foreseeable future.
Therefore, Shareholders should expect that they will be unable to sell their Shares for an indefinite time or at a desired price. No Shareholder
will have the right to require the Fund to repurchase such Shareholder’s Shares or any portion thereof. Shareholders may not transfer
their investment from the Fund to any other registered investment company. Because no public market exists for the Shares, and none is
expected to develop in the foreseeable future, Shareholders will not be able to liquidate their investment, other than through the Fund’s
share repurchase program, or, in limited circumstances, as a result of transfers of Shares to other investors.
To provide Shareholders with
limited liquidity, the Fund is structured as an “interval fund” and intends to conduct quarterly offers to repurchase between
5% and 25% of its outstanding Shares at NAV, pursuant to Rule 23c-3 under the 1940 Act, unless such offer is suspended or postponed in
accordance with regulatory requirements (as discussed below). In connection with any given repurchase offer, it is expected the Fund will
offer to repurchase only the minimum amount of 5% of its outstanding Shares. Additionally, in connection with the Fund’s issuance
of the MRP Shares, if a quarterly repurchase of Shares would cause the Fund to be below certain asset coverage limits or if the Fund fails
to satisfy certain other requirements, such quarterly repurchase offer of Shares shall not exceed 5% of the outstanding Shares. See “Description
of Capital Structure — MRP Shares” for additional information.
Quarterly repurchases occur
in the months of March, June, September and December. The offer to purchase Shares is a fundamental policy that may not be changed without
the vote of the holders of a majority of the Fund’s outstanding voting securities (as defined in the 1940 Act). The Repurchase Offer
Notice is sent to Shareholders at least 21 calendar days before the Repurchase Request Deadline. The Fund expects to determine the NAV
applicable to repurchases on the Repurchase Request Deadline. However, the NAV will be calculated no later than the Repurchase Pricing
Date. The Fund expects to distribute payment to Shareholders between one and three business days after the Repurchase Pricing Date and
will distribute such payment no later than seven calendar days after such Date. The Fund’s Shares are not listed on any securities
exchange, and the Fund anticipates that no secondary market will develop for its Shares. Accordingly, you may not be able to sell Shares
when and/or in the amount that you desire. Thus, the Shares are appropriate only as a long-term investment. In addition, the Fund’s
repurchase offers may subject the Fund and Shareholders to special risks.
Determination of Repurchase
Offer Amount
The Board, or a committee
thereof, in its sole discretion, will determine the number of Shares that the Fund will offer to repurchase (the “Repurchase Offer
Amount”) for a given Repurchase Request Deadline. The Repurchase Offer Amount, however, will be no less than 5% and no more than
25% of the total number of Shares outstanding on the Repurchase Request Deadline.
If Shareholders tender for
repurchase more than the Repurchase Offer Amount for a given repurchase offer, the Fund will repurchase the Shares on a pro rata basis.
However, the Fund may accept all Shares tendered for repurchase by Shareholders who own less than one hundred Shares and who tender all
of their Shares, before prorating other amounts tendered.
Notice to Shareholders
No less than 21 days and
more than 42 days before each Repurchase Request Deadline, the Fund shall send to each Shareholder of record and to each beneficial owner
of the Shares that are the subject of the repurchase offer a notification (“Shareholder Notification”). The Shareholder Notification
will contain information Shareholders should consider in deciding whether to tender their Shares for repurchase. The Shareholder Notification
also will include detailed instructions on how to tender Shares for repurchase, state the Repurchase Offer Amount and identify the dates
of the Repurchase Request Deadline, the scheduled Repurchase Pricing Date, and the date the repurchase proceeds are scheduled for payment
(the “Repurchase Payment Deadline”). The Shareholder Notification also will set forth the NAV that has been computed no more
than seven days before the date of notification, and how Shareholders may ascertain the NAV after the notification date.
Repurchase Price
The repurchase price of the
Shares will be the NAV of the Share class as of the close of regular trading on the NYSE on the Repurchase Pricing Date. You may call
888-729-4266 to learn the NAV. The Shareholder Notification also will provide information concerning the NAV, such as the NAV as of a
recent date or a sampling of recent NAVs, and a toll-free number for information regarding the repurchase offer.
Contingent Deferred Sales
Charge
Selling brokers, or other
Financial Intermediaries that have entered into distribution agreements with the Distributor, may receive a commission of up to 1.00%
of the purchase price of Class C Shares.
Class C Shareholders who
tender for repurchase of such Shareholder’s Class C Shares such that they will have been held less than 365 days after purchase,
as of the time of repurchase, will be subject to a contingent deferred sales charge of 1.00% of the original purchase price. The Fund
or its designee may waive the imposition of the contingent deferred sales charge in the following situations: (1) Shareholder death or
(2) Shareholder disability. Any such waiver does not imply that the contingent deferred sales charge will be waived at any time in the
future or that such contingent deferred sales charge will be waived for any other Shareholder. Class A Shares are not subject to a contingent
deferred sales charge. Shares acquired through the Fund’s DRP, reinvestment of dividends or capital gain distributions are not subject
to a contingent deferred sales charge.
Repurchase Amounts and
Payment of Proceeds
Shares tendered for repurchase
by Shareholders prior to any Repurchase Request Deadline will be repurchased subject to the aggregate Repurchase Offer Amount established
for that Repurchase Request Deadline. Payment pursuant to the repurchase offer will be made by check to the Shareholder’s address
of record, or credited directly to a predetermined bank account on the Purchase Payment Date, which will be no more than seven days after
the Repurchase Pricing Date. The Board may establish other policies for repurchases of shares that are consistent with the 1940 Act, regulations
thereunder and other pertinent laws.
If Shareholders tender for
repurchase more than the Repurchase Offer Amount for a given repurchase offer, the Fund may, but is not required to, repurchase an additional
amount of Shares not to exceed 2.00% of the outstanding Shares of the Fund on the Repurchase Request Deadline. If the Fund determines
not to repurchase more than the Repurchase Offer Amount, or if Shareholders tender shares in an amount exceeding the Repurchase Offer
Amount plus 2.00% of the outstanding Shares on the Repurchase Request Deadline, the Fund will repurchase the Shares on a pro rata basis.
However, the Fund may accept all Shares tendered for repurchase by Shareholders who own less than one hundred Shares and who tender all
of their Shares, before prorating other amounts tendered.
With respect to any required
minimum distributions from an IRA or other qualified retirement plan, it is the obligation of the Shareholder to determine the amount
of any such required minimum distribution and to otherwise satisfy the required minimum. In the event that Shareholders tender for repurchase
more than the Repurchase Offer Amount for a given repurchase offer, the Fund will repurchase the shares on a pro rata basis, which may
result in the Fund not honoring the full amount of a required minimum distribution requested by a Shareholder.
DESCRIPTION OF CAPITAL
STRUCTURE
The following
description is based on relevant portions of the Delaware Statutory Trust Act, as amended, and on the Declaration of Trust and bylaws.
This summary is not intended to be complete. Please refer to the Delaware Statutory Trust Act, as amended, and the Declaration of Trust
and bylaws, copies of which have been filed as exhibits to the registration statement of which this prospectus forms a part, for a more
detailed description of the provisions summarized below.
Shares of Beneficial Interest
The Declaration of Trust
authorizes the Fund’s issuance of an unlimited number of common shares of beneficial interest of each class, par value $0.001 per
share. There is currently no market for Shares and the Fund does not expect that a market for Shares will develop in the foreseeable future.
Pursuant to the Declaration of Trust and as permitted by Delaware law, Shareholders are entitled to the same limitation of personal liability
extended to stockholders of private corporations organized for profit under the General Corporation Law of the State of Delaware, as amended
(the “DGCL”), and therefore generally will not be personally liable for the Fund’s debts or obligations.
Shares
Under the terms of the Declaration
of Trust, all Shares, when consideration for Shares is received by the Fund, will be fully paid and nonassessable. Distributions may be
paid to Shareholders if, as and when authorized and declared by the Board. Shares will have no preference, preemptive, appraisal, conversion
or redemption rights, and will be freely transferable, except where their transfer is restricted by law or contract. The Declaration of
Trust provides that the Board shall have the power to repurchase or redeem Shares and provide Shareholders with the right to exchange
Shares of any class for Shares of one or more other classes in the manner and on the terms described herein. In the event of the Fund’s
dissolution, after the Fund pays or adequately provides for the payment of all claims and obligations of the Fund, and upon the receipt
of such releases, indemnities and refunding agreements deemed necessary by the Board, each Share will be entitled to receive, according
to its respective rights, a pro rata portion of the Fund’s assets available for distribution for the applicable class, subject to
any preferential rights of holders of the Fund’s outstanding Preferred Shares, if any. Each whole Share will be entitled to one
vote as to any matter on which it is entitled to vote and each fractional Share will be entitled to a proportionate fractional vote. However,
to the extent required by the 1940 Act or otherwise determined by the Board, classes of the Fund will vote separately from each other.
Shareholders shall be entitled to vote on all matters on which a vote of Shareholders is required by the 1940 Act, the Declaration of
Trust or a resolution of the Board. There will be no cumulative voting in the election or removal of Trustees. Under the Declaration of
Trust, the Fund is not required to hold annual meetings of Shareholders. The Fund only expects to hold Shareholder meetings to the extent
required by the 1940 Act or pursuant to special meetings called by the Board or a majority of Shareholders.
Preferred Shares and Other
Securities
The Declaration of Trust
provides that the Board may, subject to the Fund’s investment policies and restrictions and the requirements of the 1940 Act, authorize
and cause the Fund to issue securities of the Fund other than Shares (including Preferred Shares, debt securities or other senior securities),
by action of the Board without the approval of Shareholders. The Board may determine the terms, rights, preferences, privileges, limitations
and restrictions of such securities as the Board sees fit.
Preferred Shares could be
issued with rights and preferences that would adversely affect Shareholders. Preferred Shares could also be used as an anti-takeover device.
Every issuance of Preferred Shares will be required to comply with the requirements of the 1940 Act. The 1940 Act requires, among other
things, that (i) immediately after issuance of Preferred Shares and before any distribution is made with respect to the Shares and before
any purchase of Shares is made, the aggregate involuntary liquidation preference of such Preferred Shares together with the aggregate
involuntary liquidation preference or aggregate value of all other senior securities must not exceed an amount equal to 50% of the Fund’s
total assets after deducting the amount of such distribution or purchase price, as the case may be; and (ii) the holders of Preferred
Shares, if any are issued, must be entitled as a class to
elect two Trustees at all times and to elect a majority of the Trustees if distributions on such Preferred Shares are in arrears by two
years or more. Certain matters under the 1940 Act require the separate vote of the holders of any issued and outstanding Preferred Shares.
MRP Shares
On July 30, 2021, the Fund
issued 2,400,000 Series A Mandatory Redeemable Preferred Shares (“Series A MRP Shares”). On September 30, 2021, the Fund issued
3,600,000 Series B Mandatory Redeemable Preferred Shares (“Series B MRP Shares”) and 6,000,000 Series C Mandatory Redeemable
Preferred Shares (“Series C MRP Shares”). On January 6, 2022, the Fund issued 2,200,000 Series D Mandatory Redeemable Preferred
Shares (“Series D MRP Shares”) and 2,600,000 Series E Mandatory Redeemable Preferred Shares (“Series E MRP Shares”).
Certain rights, terms and conditions of the MRP Shares are summarized below:
Priority.
Each holder of MRP Shares is entitled to a liquidation preference of $25.00 per share (the “Liquidation Value”), plus additional
amounts described under “Liquidation” below. With respect to distributions, including the payment of dividends and distribution
of the Fund’s assets upon dissolution, liquidation or winding up, the MRP Shares are senior to all other classes and series of common
shares of beneficial interest and rank on parity with any other Preferred Shares. Holders of the MRP Shares will not, however, participate
in any appreciation in the value of the Fund. The consent of the holders of the outstanding Preferred Shares is not required to authorize
or issue any class or series of Preferred Shares ranking on parity with the MRP Shares.
Dividends.
The holders of MRP Shares are entitled to receive quarterly cumulative cash dividends, when, as and if authorized by the Board and declared
by the Fund, out of funds legally available therefor, at the rate per annum equal to the Applicable Rate, as defined below, with certain
adjustments for changes in a series’ rating, and no more, of the Liquidation Value, payable quarterly, beginning on the initial
dividend payment date of November 1, 2021 for the Series A MRP Shares, February 1, 2022 for the Series B MRP Shares and Series C MRP Shares,
and April 7, 2022 for the Series D MRP Shares and Series E MRP Shares. For Series A MRP Shares, Series B MRP Shares and Series C MRP Shares,
dividends will then be payable on the first business day of the month next following each of the following dates: 31st
day of each January, the 30th
day of each April, the 31st
day of each July and the 31st
day of each October. For Series D MRP Shares and Series E MRP Shares, dividends will then be payable on the first business day of the
month next following each of the following dates: 6th
day of each January, the 6th
day of each April, the 6th
day of each July and the 6th
day of each October. Dividends on MRP Shares accumulate from and including the original issue date.
Each dividend on MRP Shares
will be paid on the dividend payment date therefor to the holders as their names appear on the share ledger or share records of the Fund
at the close of business on the fifth day prior to the quarterly dividend date (or if such day is not a business day, the next preceding
business day). Dividends in arrears for any past dividend period may be declared and paid at any time, without reference to any regular
dividend payment date, to the holders as their names appear on the share ledger or share records of the Fund at the close of business
on a date, not exceeding five days preceding the payment date thereof, as may be fixed by the Board. No interest will be payable in respect
of any dividend payment or payments which may be in arrears; provided, however, that the dividend rate may be increased in such circumstances.
So long the rating of each
series of the MRP Shares remains the same, the dividend rate on the MRP Shares will be 2.68% for Series A MRP Shares, 2.68% for Series
B MRP Shares, 3.07% for Series C MRP Shares, 2.96% for Series D MRP Shares and 3.48% for Series E MRP Shares (collectively, the “Applicable
Rate”).
Voting.
Except for matters which do not require the vote of holders of MRP Shares under the 1940 Act and except as otherwise provided in the Declaration
of Trust or bylaws, or as otherwise required by applicable law, each holder of MRP Shares shall be entitled to one vote for each MRP Share
held on each matter submitted to a vote of shareholders of the Fund, and holders of outstanding Preferred Shares and Shares shall vote
together as a single class on all matters submitted to shareholders; provided, however, that
the
holders of outstanding Preferred Shares shall be entitled, as a class, to the exclusion of the holders of shares of all other classes
of beneficial interests of the Fund, to elect two Trustees of the Fund at all times. In addition, the holders of the outstanding Preferred
Shares and Shares, voting together as a single class, shall elect the balance of the Trustees; however, the number of Trustees constituting
the Board shall automatically increase by the smallest number that, when added to the two Trustees elected exclusively by the holders
of outstanding Preferred Shares would constitute a majority of the Board as so increased by such smallest number, and the holders of Preferred
Shares shall be entitled, voting as a class on a one vote per share basis (to the exclusion of the holders of all other securities and
classes of shares of the Fund), to elect such smallest number of additional Trustees, together with the two Trustees that such holders
are in any event entitled to elect if: (i) at the close of business on any dividend payment date accumulated dividends (whether or
not earned or declared) on Preferred Shares equal to at least two full years’ dividends shall be due and unpaid; or (ii) if
at any time holders of any shares of Preferred Shares are entitled under the 1940 Act, to elect a majority of the Trustees of the Fund.
Notwithstanding
the foregoing, the affirmative vote of the holders of a majority of the outstanding Preferred Shares, voting as a separate class, and
a majority of the MRP Shares, voting as a separate class, both determined with reference to a “majority of outstanding voting securities”
as that term is defined in Section 2(a)(42) of the 1940 Act, shall be required to create, authorize or issue shares of any class
or series of beneficial interests ranking senior to the Preferred Shares with respect to the payment of dividends or the distribution
of assets, or any securities convertible into, or warrants, options or similar rights to purchase, acquire or receive, such shares of
beneficial interests ranking senior to the Preferred Shares or reclassify any authorized shares of beneficial interests of the Fund into
any shares ranking senior to the Preferred Shares. In addition, the affirmative vote of the holders of a majority of the outstanding Preferred
Shares determined with reference to a “majority of outstanding voting securities” as that term is defined in Section 2(a)(42)
of the 1940 Act, voting as a separate class, shall be required to (i) amend, alter or repeal (including by merger, consolidation
or otherwise) any of the preferences, rights or powers of such class of Preferred Shares so as to adversely affect such preferences, rights
or powers and will not amend any provision of the Declaration of Trust or bylaws in a manner which would restrict or limit the ability
of the Fund to comply with the terms and provisions of the Securities Purchase Agreement; (ii) amend, alter or repeal (including
by merger, consolidation or otherwise) any of the provisions of the Declaration of Trust or bylaws if such amendment, alteration or repeal
would adversely affect any privilege, preference, right or power of the MRP Shares or the holders thereof; and (iii) approve any
plan of reorganization (as such term is used in the 1940 Act) adversely affecting such shares or any action requiring a vote of security
holders of the Fund under Section 13(a) of the 1940 Act.
Redemption. The
outstanding shares of MRP Shares are subject to redemption at any time by notice of such redemption on a date selected by the Fund for
such redemption (the “Redemption Date”). If the Fund elects to cause the redemption of the MRP Shares, each MRP Share will
be redeemed for a price equal to 100% of such share’s Liquidation Value, plus an amount equal to accumulated but unpaid dividends
and other distributions on the MRP Shares (whether or not earned or declared by the Fund, but excluding interest thereon), to, but excluding,
the Redemption Date, plus the amount equal to the excess, if any, of the discounted value of the remaining scheduled payments with respect
to the Liquidation Value of such MRP Share over the amount of such Liquidation Value; provided, however, the Fund may, at its option (i) redeem
the Series A MRP Shares within 90 days prior to July 30, 2026 (the “Series A Term Redemption Date”), (ii) redeem
the Series B MRP Shares within 90 days prior to September 30, 2026 (the “Series B Term Redemption Date”),
(ii) redeem the Series C MRP Shares within 90 days prior to September 30, 2026 (the “Series C Term Redemption
Date”), (ii) redeem the Series D MRP Shares within 90 days prior to January 6, 2027 (the “Series D
Term Redemption Date”), (ii) redeem the Series E MRP Shares within 90 days prior to January 6, 2032 (the “Series E
Term Redemption Date” and collectively with Series A Term Redemption Date, Series B Term Redemption Date, Series C
Term Redemption Date and Series D Term Redemption Date, the “Term Redemption Dates”), each at the Liquidation Value plus
accumulated but unpaid dividends and distributions thereon (whether or not earned or declared by the Fund, but excluding interest thereon)
to, but excluding the Redemption Date.
If
the asset coverage, as determined in accordance with Section 18(h) of the 1940 Act, is less than or equal to 235% for any five business
days within a ten business day period, determined on the basis of values calculated as of a time within 48 hours (not including Sundays
or holidays) next preceding the time of such
determination
within the ten business day period, the Fund, upon not less than 12 days’ nor more than 40 days’ notice, may redeem
the MRP Shares at the Liquidation Value plus accumulated but unpaid dividends and distributions thereon (whether or not earned or declared
by the Fund, but excluding interest thereon) to, but excluding, the date fixed for redemption, plus a redemption amount equal to 2% of
the Liquidation Value; the amount of MRP Shares that may be redeemed under this provision shall not exceed an amount of MRP Shares which
results in asset coverage of more than 250% pro forma for such redemption, determined on the basis of values calculated as of a time
within 48 hours (not including Sundays or holidays) next preceding the time of such determination.
If
the Fund fails to maintain asset coverage of at least 225%, determined on the basis of values calculated as of a time within 48 hours
(not including Sundays or holidays) next preceding the time of such determination, the Fund shall redeem the number of MRP Shares provided
below at the Liquidation Value plus an amount equal to accumulated but unpaid dividends and distributions thereon (whether or not earned
or declared by the Fund, but excluding interest thereon) to, but excluding, the date fixed for redemption, plus a redemption amount equal
to 1% of the Liquidation Value. The number of MRP Shares to be redeemed upon the Fund’s failure to maintain asset coverage of 225%
on any valuation date will be equal to the product of (1) the quotient of the number of MRP Shares divided by the aggregate number
of outstanding Preferred Shares which have an asset coverage test greater than or equal to 225% and (2) the minimum number of outstanding
shares of Preferred Shares the redemption of which would result in the Fund having asset coverage of 225% as of a date that is no more
than 30 days after the date the Fund failed to maintain asset coverage of 225% (provided that, if there is no such number of MRP
Shares the redemption of which would have such result, the Fund shall redeem all MRP Shares then outstanding). The Fund shall effect any
such redemption no later than 40 calendar days after the date the Fund failed to maintain asset coverage of 225%, except for in certain
circumstances. Notwithstanding the foregoing, if the Fund satisfies asset coverage of at least 225% as of a date that is no more than
30 days after the date the Fund failed to maintain asset coverage of 225% before taking into account any redemptions of Preferred
Shares, the Fund shall not be obligated to redeem any shares of Preferred Shares under this provision.
The
Fund shall redeem all outstanding Series A MRP Shares, Series B MRP Shares, Series C MRP Shares, Series D MRP Shares
and Series E MRP Shares on the respective Term Redemption Dates at the Liquidation Value plus an amount equal to accumulated but
unpaid dividends and distributions thereon (whether or not earned or declared by the Fund, but excluding interest thereon), to, but excluding,
the respective Term Redemption Dates.
Subject
to certain conditions, no MRP Shares may be redeemed unless all dividends in arrears on the MRP Shares and all shares of beneficial interests
of the Fund ranking on a parity with the MRP Shares with respect to payment of dividends or upon liquidation have been or are being contemporaneously
paid or set apart for payment; provided, however, that the foregoing shall not prevent the purchase or acquisition by the Fund of all
MRP Shares pursuant to the successful completion of an otherwise lawful purchase, tender or exchange offer made on the same terms to,
and accepted by, Holders of all MRP Shares.
Liquidation. Upon
the dissolution, liquidation or winding up of the affairs of the Fund, whether voluntary or involuntary, the holders of MRP Shares then
outstanding, together with holders of shares of any Preferred Shares ranking on a parity with the MRP Shares upon dissolution, liquidation
or winding up, shall be entitled to receive and to be paid out of the assets of the Fund (or the proceeds thereof) available for distribution
to its shareholders after satisfaction of claims of creditors of the Fund, but before any distribution or payment shall be made in respect
of the Shares, an amount equal to the liquidation preference with respect to such shares. The liquidation preference for MRP Shares shall
be $25.00 per share, plus an amount equal to all accumulated and unpaid dividends thereon (whether or not earned or declared but without
interest) to the date payment of such distribution is made in full. No redemption premium shall be paid upon any liquidation even if such
redemption premium would be paid upon optional or mandatory redemption of the relevant shares. If, upon any liquidation, dissolution or
winding up of the affairs of the Fund, whether voluntary or involuntary, the assets of the Fund available for distribution among the holders
of all outstanding shares of Preferred Shares shall be insufficient to permit the payment in full to holders of the amounts to which they
are entitled, then the available assets shall be distributed among the holders of all outstanding shares of Preferred Shares ratably in
any distribution of assets according to the respective amounts which would be payable on all the shares if all amounts thereon were paid
in full.
Upon
the dissolution, liquidation or winding up of the affairs of the Fund, whether voluntary or involuntary, until payment in full is made
to the holders of MRP Shares of the liquidation distribution to which they are entitled, (1) no dividend or other distribution shall
be made to Shareholders or any other class or series of shares of beneficial interests of the Fund ranking junior to MRP Shares upon dissolution,
liquidation or winding up and (2) no purchase, redemption or other acquisition for any consideration by the Fund shall be made in
respect of the Shares or any other class of shares of beneficial interests of the Fund ranking junior to MRP Shares upon dissolution,
liquidation or winding up. A consolidation, reorganization or merger of the Fund with or into any company, trust or other legal entity,
or a sale, lease or exchange of all or substantially all of the assets of the Fund in consideration for the issuance of equity securities
of another company, trust of other legal entity shall not be deemed to be a liquidation, dissolution or winding up, whether voluntary
or involuntary, for the purposes of these provisions.
Conversion. The
MRP Shares are not convertible into any other class or series of shares.
Transfer
restrictions. The MRP Shares are “restricted securities” for purposes
of the 1933 Act. Accordingly, the MRP Shares may not be offered, sold, transferred or delivered, directly or indirectly, unless (i) such
shares are registered under the 1933 Act and any other applicable state securities laws, or (ii) an exemption from registration under
the 1933 Act and any other applicable state securities laws is available.
Other
Matters. For so long as the MRP Shares are outstanding, the Fund will not declare,
pay or set apart for payment any dividend or other distribution (other than a dividend or distribution paid in shares of, or options,
warrants or rights to subscribe for or purchase, Shares or other shares of beneficial interests, if any, ranking junior to the MRP Shares
as to dividends or upon liquidation) with respect to Shares or any other shares of the Fund ranking junior to or on a parity with the
MRP Shares as to dividends or upon liquidation, or call for redemption, redeem, purchase or otherwise acquire for consideration any Shares
or any other such junior shares (except by conversion into or exchange for shares of the Fund ranking junior to the MRP Shares as to dividends
and upon liquidation) or any such parity shares (except by conversion into or exchange for shares of the Fund ranking junior to or on
a parity with the MRP Shares as to dividends and upon liquidation), unless (1) immediately after such transaction asset coverage
of 225% would be achieved, (2) full cumulative dividends on the MRP Shares due on or prior to the date of the transaction have been
declared and paid, and (3) the Fund has redeemed the full number of MRP Shares required to be redeemed by any provision for mandatory
redemption ((1), (2) and (3) are together the “Requirements”). Notwithstanding the foregoing, the Fund shall not,
at any time, be prohibited or otherwise restricted in its ability to call for redemption, redeem, purchase or otherwise acquire for consideration
its Shares pursuant to its fundamental policy to make quarterly repurchase offers pursuant to Rule 23c-3 of the 1940 Act for between
5% and 25% of the Shares outstanding at net asset value (the “Repurchase Policy”); provided, however, if (i) a quarterly
repurchase of Shares pursuant to the Repurchase Policy and/or Rule 23c-3 of the 1940 Act would cause the Fund to be below asset coverage
of 225% or (ii) the Fund has failed to satisfy (and continues to fail to satisfy) the Requirements and the Fund is required to make
a quarterly repurchase offer of Shares pursuant to the Repurchase Policy and/or Rule 23c-3 of the 1940 Act before the Requirements
are satisfied, such quarterly repurchase offer of Shares shall not exceed 5% of the Shares outstanding, at a price equal to the Fund’s
net asset value (as may be determined in accordance with its valuation policies and procedures) as of the “repurchase pricing date,”
as such term is defined in Rule 23c-3 and as set forth in the applicable repurchase offer documents. Subject to the certain conditions,
the Board may, in the future, authorize the issuance of additional Preferred Shares with the same preferences, rights, voting powers,
restrictions, limitations as to dividends and other distributions, qualifications and terms and conditions of redemption and other terms
applicable to the MRP Shares, except that the initial dividend period, the applicable rate for the initial dividend period and the initial
dividend payment date shall be as set forth in the Supplement to the Declaration of Trust relating to such additional Preferred Shares.
Outstanding
Securities
The
following table shows, for each class of authorized securities of the Fund, the amount of (i) shares authorized and (ii) shares
outstanding, each as of April 21, 2023:
Class
|
|
|
(1) Amount Authorized
|
|
|
(2) Amount Held
by the Fund for its Account |
|
|
(3) Amount Outstanding Exclusive
of Amount Shown Under(2)
|
|
Common
Shares |
|
|
|
|
Unlimited |
|
|
|
|
|
0 |
|
|
|
|
|
102,578,359 |
|
|
Series A
Mandatory Redeemable Preferred Shares |
|
|
|
|
2,400,000 |
|
|
|
|
|
0 |
|
|
|
|
|
2,400,000 |
|
|
Series B
Mandatory Redeemable Preferred Shares |
|
|
|
|
3,600,000 |
|
|
|
|
|
0 |
|
|
|
|
|
3,600,000 |
|
|
Series C
Mandatory Redeemable Preferred Shares |
|
|
|
|
6,000,000 |
|
|
|
|
|
0 |
|
|
|
|
|
6,000,000 |
|
|
Series D
Mandatory Redeemable Preferred Shares |
|
|
|
|
2,200,000 |
|
|
|
|
|
0 |
|
|
|
|
|
2,200,000 |
|
|
Series E
Mandatory Redeemable Preferred Shares |
|
|
|
|
2,600,000 |
|
|
|
|
|
0 |
|
|
|
|
|
2,600,000 |
|
|
Limitation
on Liability of Trustees and Officers; Indemnification and Advance of Expenses
Pursuant
to the Declaration of Trust, Trustees and officers of the Fund will not be subject in such capacity to any personal liability to the Fund
or Shareholders, unless the liability arises from bad faith, willful misfeasance, gross negligence or reckless disregard for the Trustee’s
or officer’s duty.
Except
as otherwise provided in the Declaration of Trust, the Fund will indemnify and hold harmless any current or former Trustee or officer
of the Fund against any liabilities and expenses (including reasonable attorneys’ fees relating to the defense or disposition of
any action, suit or proceeding with which such person is involved or threatened), while and with respect to acting in the capacity of
a Trustee or officer of the Fund, except with respect to matters in which such person did not act in good faith in the reasonable belief
that his or her action was in the best interest of the Fund, or in the case of a criminal proceeding, matters for which such person had
reasonable cause to believe that his or her conduct was unlawful. In accordance with the 1940 Act, the Fund will not indemnify any Trustee
or officer for any liability to which such person would be subject by reason of his or her willful misfeasance, bad faith, gross negligence
or reckless disregard of the duties of his or her position. The Fund will provide indemnification to Trustees and officers prior to a
final determination regarding entitlement to indemnification as described in the Declaration of Trust.
The
Fund has entered into the Investment Advisory Agreement with CAM and the Investment Sub-Advisory Agreement with Ares Capital. The Investment
Advisory Agreement and the Investment Sub-Advisory Agreement provide that, in the absence of willful misfeasance, bad faith, gross negligence
or reckless disregard for its obligations and duties thereunder, the Advisors are not liable for any error of judgment or mistake of law
or for any loss the Fund suffers.
Pursuant
to the Declaration of Trust, the Fund will advance the expenses of defending any action for which indemnification is sought if the Fund
receives a written undertaking by the indemnitee which provides that the indemnitee will reimburse the Fund unless it is subsequently
determined that the indemnitee is entitled to such indemnification.
Number
of Trustees; Appointment of Trustees; Vacancies; Removal
The
Declaration of Trust provides that the number of Trustees shall be no less than one and no more than 15, as determined in writing by a
majority of the Trustees then in office. As set forth in the Declaration of Trust, a Trustee’s term of office shall continue until
his or her death, resignation or removal. Subject to the provisions of the 1940 Act, individuals may be appointed by the Trustees at any
time to fill vacancies on the Board by the appointment of such persons by a majority of the Trustees then in office. Each Trustee shall
hold office until his or her successor shall have been appointed pursuant to the Declaration of Trust. To the extent that the 1940 Act
requires that Trustees be elected by Shareholders, any such Trustees will be elected by a plurality of all Shares voted at a meeting of
Shareholders at which a quorum is present.
The
Declaration of Trust provides that any Trustee may be removed (provided that after the removal the aggregate number of Trustees is not
less than the minimum required by the Declaration of Trust) (i) with cause, by at least two-thirds (662∕3%)
of the remaining Trustees; or (ii) without cause, by all of the remaining Trustees.
Action
by Shareholders
The
Declaration of Trust provides that Shareholder action can be taken only at a meeting of Shareholders or by unanimous written consent in
lieu of a meeting. Subject to the 1940 Act, the Declaration of Trust or a resolution of the Board specifying a greater or lesser vote
requirement, the affirmative vote of a majority of Shares present in person or represented by proxy at a meeting and entitled to vote
on the subject matter shall be the act of the Shareholders with respect to any matter submitted to a vote of the Shareholders.
Amendment
of Declaration of Trust and Bylaws
Subject
to the provisions of the 1940 Act, pursuant to the Declaration of Trust, the Board may amend the Declaration of Trust without any vote
of Shareholders. Pursuant to the Declaration of Trust and bylaws, the Board has the exclusive power to amend or repeal the bylaws or adopt
new bylaws at any time.
No
Appraisal Rights
In
certain extraordinary transactions, some jurisdictions provide the right to dissenting Shareholders to demand and receive the fair value
of their Shares, subject to certain procedures and requirements set forth in such statute. Those rights are commonly referred to as appraisal
rights. The Declaration of Trust provides that Shares shall not entitle Shareholders to appraisal rights.
Conflict
with Applicable Laws and Regulations
The
Declaration of Trust provides that if and to the extent that any provision of the Declaration of Trust conflicts with any provision of
the 1940 Act, the provisions under the Code applicable to the Fund as a RIC or other applicable laws and regulations, the conflicting
provision shall be deemed never to have constituted a part of the Declaration of Trust; provided, however, that such determination shall
not affect any of the remaining provisions of the Declaration of Trust or affect the validity of any action taken or omitted to be taken
prior to such determination.
TAX
ASPECTS
The
following is a general summary of certain material U.S. federal income tax considerations applicable to the Fund and an investment in
the Fund. The discussion below provides general tax information related to an investment in the Fund, but does not purport to be a complete
description of the U.S. federal income tax consequences of an investment in the Fund and does not address any state, local, non-U.S. or
other tax consequences. It is based on the Code and U.S. Treasury regulations thereunder and administrative pronouncements, all as of
the date hereof, any of which is subject to change, possibly with retroactive effect. In addition, it does not describe all of the tax
consequences that may be relevant in light of a Shareholder’s particular circumstances, including (but not limited to) alternative
minimum tax consequences and tax consequences applicable to Shareholders subject to special tax rules, such as certain financial institutions;
dealers or traders in securities who use a mark-to-market method of tax accounting; persons holding Shares as part of a hedging transaction,
wash sale, conversion transaction or integrated transaction or persons entering into a constructive sale with respect to Shares; entities
classified as partnerships or other pass-through entities for U.S. federal income tax purposes; insurance companies; U.S. Shareholders
(as defined below) whose functional currency is not the U.S. dollar; or tax-exempt entities, including “individual retirement accounts”
or “Roth IRAs.” Unless otherwise noted, the following discussion applies only to a Shareholder that holds Shares as a capital
asset and is a U.S. Shareholder. A “U.S. Shareholder” generally is a beneficial owner of Shares who is for U.S. federal income
tax purposes:
•
an
individual who is a citizen or resident of the United States;
•
a
corporation, or other entity taxable as a corporation, created or organized in or under the laws of the United States, any state thereof
or the District of Columbia;
•
an
estate the income of which is subject to U.S. federal income taxation regardless of its source; or
•
a
trust if it (a) is subject to the primary supervision of a court within the United States and one or more U.S. persons have the authority
to control all substantial decisions of the trust or (b) has a valid election in effect under applicable U.S. Treasury regulations
to be treated as a U.S. person.
If
a partnership (including an entity treated as a partnership for U.S. federal income tax purposes) holds Shares, the tax treatment of a
partner in the partnership will generally depend upon the status of the partner and the activities of the partnership. A prospective Shareholder
that is a partner in a partnership holding Shares should consult his, her or its tax advisors with respect to the purchase, ownership
and disposition of Shares.
The
discussion set forth herein does not constitute tax advice. Tax laws are complex and often change, and Shareholders should consult their
tax advisors about the U.S. federal, state, local or non-U.S. tax consequences of an investment in the Fund.
Taxation
of the Fund
The
Fund has elected to be treated for U.S. federal income tax purposes, and intends to qualify annually, as a RIC under Subchapter M of the
Code. As a RIC, the Fund generally will not be subject to corporate-level U.S. federal income taxes on any ordinary income or capital
gains that it distributes as dividends to Shareholders. To qualify as a RIC in any tax year, the Fund must, among other things, satisfy
both a source of income test and asset diversification tests. The Fund will qualify as a RIC if (i) at least 90% of the Fund’s
gross income for such tax year consists of dividends; interest; payments with respect to certain securities loans; gains from the sale
or other disposition of shares, securities or foreign currencies; other income (including, but not limited to, gains from options, futures
or forward contracts) derived with respect to its business of investing in such shares, securities or currencies; and net income derived
from interests in “qualified publicly-traded partnerships” (such income, “Qualifying RIC Income”); and
(ii) the Fund’s holdings are diversified so that, at the end of each quarter of such tax year, (a) at least 50% of the
value of the Fund’s total assets is represented by cash and cash equivalents, securities of other RICs, U.S. government securities
and other securities, with such other securities limited, in respect of any one issuer, to an amount not greater than 5% of the value
of the Fund’s total assets and not greater than 10% of the outstanding voting securities of such issuer and (b) not more than
25% of the value of the Fund’s total assets is invested (x) in securities (other than U.S. government securities or securities
of other RICs) of any
one
issuer or of two or more issuers that the Fund controls and that are engaged in the same, similar or related trades or businesses or (y) in
the securities of one or more “qualified publicly-traded partnerships.” The Fund’s share of income derived from a partnership
other than a “qualified publicly-traded partnership” will be treated as Qualifying RIC Income only to the extent that such
income would have constituted Qualifying RIC Income if derived directly by the Fund. A “qualified publicly-traded partnership”
is generally defined as an entity that is treated as a partnership for U.S. federal income tax purposes if (1) interests in such
entity are traded on an established securities market or are readily tradable on a secondary market or the substantial equivalent thereof
and (2) less than 90% of its gross income for the relevant tax year consists of Qualifying RIC Income. The Code provides that the
Treasury Department may by regulation exclude from Qualifying RIC Income foreign currency gains that are not directly related to the RIC’s
principal business of investing in shares or securities (or options and futures with respect to shares or securities). The Fund anticipates
that, in general, its foreign currency gains will be directly related to its principal business of investing in shares and securities.
In
addition, to maintain RIC tax treatment, the Fund must distribute on a timely basis with respect to each tax year dividends of an amount
at least equal to 90% of the sum of its “investment company taxable income” and its net tax-exempt interest income, determined
without regard to any deduction for dividends paid, to Shareholders (the “90% distribution requirement”). If the Fund qualifies
as a RIC and satisfies the 90% distribution requirement, the Fund generally will not be subject to U.S. federal income tax on its “investment
company taxable income” and net capital gains (that is, the excess of net long-term capital gains over net short-term capital losses)
that it distributes as dividends to Shareholders (including amounts that are reinvested pursuant to the DRP). In general, a RIC’s
“investment company taxable income” for any tax year is its taxable income, determined without regard to net capital gains
and with certain other adjustments. The Fund intends to distribute all or substantially all of its “investment company taxable income,”
net tax-exempt interest income (if any) and net capital gains on an annual basis. Any taxable income, including any net capital gains
that the Fund does not distribute in a timely manner, will be subject to U.S. federal income tax at regular corporate rates.
If
the Fund retains any net capital gains for reinvestment, it may elect to treat such capital gains as having been distributed to Shareholders.
If the Fund makes such an election, each Shareholder will be required to report its share of such undistributed net capital gains attributed
to the Fund as long-term capital gain and will be entitled to claim its share of the U.S. federal income taxes paid by the Fund on such
undistributed net capital gains as a credit against its own U.S. federal income tax liability, if any, and to claim a refund on a properly-filed
U.S. federal income tax return to the extent that the credit exceeds such liability. In addition, each Shareholder will be entitled to
increase the adjusted tax basis of its Shares by the difference between its share of such undistributed net capital gain and the related
credit. There can be no assurance that the Fund will make this election if it retains all or a portion of its net capital gain for a tax
year.
As
a RIC, the Fund will be, subject to a nondeductible 4% federal excise tax on certain undistributed amounts for each calendar year (the
“4% excise tax”). To avoid the 4% excise tax, the Fund must distribute in respect of each calendar year dividends of an amount
at least equal to the sum of (1) 98% of its ordinary taxable income (taking into account certain deferrals and elections) for the
calendar year, (2) 98.2% of its capital gain net income (adjusted for certain ordinary losses) generally for the one-year period
ending on October 31 of the calendar year and (3) any ordinary income and capital gains for previous calendar years that were not
distributed during those calendar years. For purposes of determining whether the Fund has met this distribution requirement, the
Fund will be deemed to have distributed any income or gains previously subject to U.S. federal income tax. Furthermore, any distribution
declared by the Fund in October, November or December of any calendar year, payable to Shareholders, of record on a specified date in
such a month and actually paid during January of the following calendar year, will be treated for tax purposes as if it had been paid
on December 31 of the calendar year in which the distribution was declared. The Fund generally intends to avoid the imposition of
the 4% excise tax, but there can be no assurance in this regard.
If
the Fund fails to qualify as a RIC or fails to satisfy the 90% distribution requirement in respect of any tax year, the Fund would be
subject to U.S. federal income tax at regular corporate rates on its taxable income, including its net capital gains, even if such income
were distributed, and all distributions out of
earnings
and profits would be taxed as ordinary dividend income. Such distributions generally would be eligible for the dividends-received deduction
in the case of certain corporate Shareholders and may be eligible to be qualified dividend income in the case of certain non-corporate
Shareholders, in each case, subject to certain holding period and other requirements. In addition, the Fund could be required to recognize
unrealized gains, pay taxes and make distributions (any of which could be subject to interest charges) before re-qualifying for taxation
as a RIC. If the Fund fails to satisfy either the income test or asset diversification test described above, in certain cases, however,
the Fund may be able to avoid losing its status as a RIC by timely providing notice of such failure to the IRS, curing such failure and
possibly paying an additional tax or penalty.
Some
of the investments that the Fund is expected to make, such as investments in debt instruments having market discount and/or treated as
issued with OID, may cause the Fund to recognize income or gain for U.S. federal income tax purposes prior to the receipt of any corresponding
cash or other property. As a result, the Fund may have difficulty meeting the 90% distribution requirement necessary to maintain RIC tax
treatment. Because this income will be included in the Fund’s investment company taxable income for the tax year it is accrued,
the Fund may be required to make a distribution to Shareholders to meet the 90% distribution requirement described above, even though
the Fund will not have received any corresponding cash or property. The Fund may be required to borrow money, dispose of other securities
or forgo new investment opportunities for this purpose.
There
may be uncertainty as to the appropriate treatment of certain of the Fund’s investments for U.S. federal income tax purposes. In
particular, the Fund expects to invest a portion of its net assets in below investment grade instruments. U.S. federal income tax rules
with respect to such instruments are not entirely clear about issues such as whether and to what extent the Fund should recognize interest,
OID or market discount, when and to what extent deductions may be taken for bad debts or worthless instruments, how payments received
on obligations in default should be allocated between principal and income and whether exchanges of debt obligations in a bankruptcy or
workout context are taxable. These and other issues will be addressed by the Fund, to the extent necessary, in connection with the Fund’s
general intention to distribute sufficient income to qualify, and maintain its qualification to be subject to tax as a RIC and to minimize
the risk that it becomes subject to U.S. federal income or excise tax.
Income
received by the Fund from sources outside the United States may be subject to withholding and other taxes imposed by such countries, thereby
reducing income available to the Fund. Tax conventions between certain countries and the United States may reduce or eliminate such taxes.
The Fund generally intends to conduct its investment activities to minimize the impact of foreign taxation, but there is no guarantee
that the Fund will be successful in this regard. If more than 50% of the value of the Fund’s total assets at the close of its tax
year consists of securities of foreign corporations, the Fund will be eligible to elect to “pass-through” to the Shareholders
the foreign source amount of income deemed earned and the respective amount of foreign taxes paid by the Fund. If the Fund so elects,
each Shareholder would be required to include in gross income, even though not actually received, each Shareholder’s pro rata
share of the foreign taxes paid or deemed paid by the Fund, but would be treated as having paid its pro rata
share of such foreign taxes and would therefore be allowed to either deduct such amount in computing taxable income or use such amount
(subject to various limitations) as a foreign tax credit against federal income tax (but not both).
The
Fund may invest in shares of foreign companies that are classified under the Code as passive foreign investment companies (“PFICs”).
In general, a foreign company is considered a PFIC if at least 50% of its assets constitute investment-type assets or 75% or more of its
gross income is investment-type income. In general under the PFIC rules, an “excess distribution” received with respect to
PFIC shares is treated as having been realized ratably over the period during which the Fund held the PFIC shares. The Fund generally
will be subject to tax on the portion, if any, of the excess distribution that is allocated to the Fund’s holding period in prior
tax years (and an interest factor will be added to the tax, as if the tax had actually been payable in such prior tax years)
even though the Fund distributes the corresponding income to Shareholders. Excess distributions include any gain from the sale of PFIC
shares as well as certain distributions from a PFIC. All excess distributions are taxable as ordinary income.
The
Fund may be eligible to elect alternative tax treatment with respect to PFIC shares. Under one such election (i.e.,
a “QEF” election), the Fund generally would be required to include in its gross income its
share
of the earnings of a PFIC on a current basis, regardless of whether any distributions are received from the PFIC. If this election is
made, the special rules, discussed above, relating to the taxation of excess distributions, would not apply. Furthermore, under U.S. Treasury
Regulations, certain income derived by the Fund from a PFIC with respect to which the Fund has made a QEF election would generally constitute
qualifying income for purposes of determining the Fund’s ability to be subject to tax as a RIC to the extent the PFIC makes distributions
of that income to the Fund or if the income was derived with respect to the Fund’s business of investing. Alternatively, the Fund
may be able to elect to mark its PFIC shares to market, resulting in any unrealized gains at the Fund’s tax year end being treated
as though they were recognized and reported as ordinary income. Any mark-to-market losses and any loss from an actual disposition of the
PFIC’s Shares would be deductible as ordinary losses to the extent of any net mark-to-market gains included in income in prior tax years
with respect to shares in the same PFIC.
Because
the application of the PFIC rules may affect, among other things, the character of gains, the amount of gain or loss and the timing of
the recognition of income, gain or loss with respect to PFIC shares, as well as subject the Fund itself to tax on certain income from
PFIC shares, the amount that must be distributed to Fund Shareholders, and which will be recognized by Fund Shareholders as
ordinary income or long-term capital gain, may be increased or decreased substantially as compared to a fund that did not invest in PFIC
shares. Note that distributions from a PFIC are not eligible for the reduced rate of tax on distributions of “qualified dividend
income” as discussed below.
Some
of the CLOs in which the Fund invests may be PFICs, which are generally subject to the tax consequences described above. Investment in
certain equity interests of CLOs that are subject to treatment as PFICs for U.S. federal income tax purposes may cause the Fund to recognize
income in a tax year in excess of the Fund’s distributions from such CLOs, PFICs and the Fund’s proceeds from sales or other
dispositions of equity interests in other CLOs and other PFICs during that tax year. As a result, the Fund generally would be required
to distribute such income to satisfy the 90% distribution requirement applicable to RICs.
If
the Fund holds more than 10% of the interests treated as equity for U.S. federal income tax purposes in a foreign corporation that is
treated as a controlled foreign corporation (“CFC”), including equity tranche investments and certain debt tranche investments
in a CLO treated as a CFC, the Fund may be treated as receiving a deemed distribution (taxable as ordinary income) each tax year from
such foreign corporation of an amount equal to the Fund’s pro rata
share of the foreign corporation’s earnings for such tax year (including both ordinary earnings and capital gains), whether or not
the corporation makes an actual distribution to the Fund during such tax year. This deemed distribution is required to be included in
the income of certain U.S. shareholders of a CFC, such as the Fund, regardless of whether a U.S. shareholder has made a QEF election with
respect to such CFC. The Fund is generally required to distribute such income in order to satisfy the 90% distribution requirement applicable
to RICs, even to the extent the Fund’s income from a CFC exceeds the distributions from the CFC and the Fund’s proceeds from
the sales or other dispositions of CFC stock during that tax year. As such, the Fund may limit and/or manage its holdings in issuers that
could be treated as CFCs in order to ensure the Fund’s continued qualification as a RIC and/or maximize the Fund’s after-tax
return from these investments. In general, a foreign corporation will be treated as a CFC for U.S. federal income tax purposes if more
than 50% of the shares of the foreign corporation, measured by reference to combined voting power or value, is owned (directly, indirectly
or by attribution) by U.S. Shareholders. A “U.S. Shareholder,” for this purpose, is any U.S. person that possesses (actually
or constructively) 10% or more of the combined voting power or value of all classes of shares of a corporation.
The
functional currency of the Fund, for U.S. federal income tax purposes, is the U.S. dollar. Gains or losses attributable to fluctuations
in foreign currency exchange rates that occur between the time a Fund accrues interest income or other receivables or accrues expenses
or other liabilities denominated in a foreign currency and the time the Fund actually collects such receivables or pays such liabilities
generally are respectively characterized as ordinary income or ordinary loss for U.S. federal income tax purposes. Similarly, on the sale
of other disposition of certain investments, including debt securities, certain forward contracts, as well as other derivative financial
instruments, denominated in a foreign currency, gains or losses attributable to fluctuations in the value of foreign currency between
the date of acquisition of the security or contract and the date of disposition also are generally treated as ordinary gain or loss. These
gains
and losses, referred to under the Code as “section 988” gains and losses, may increase or decrease the amount of the Fund’s
investment company taxable income subject to distribution to Fund Shareholders as ordinary income. For example, fluctuations in exchange
rates may increase the amount of income that the Fund must distribute to qualify for tax treatment as a RIC and to prevent application
of an excise tax on undistributed income. Alternatively, fluctuations in exchange rates may decrease or eliminate income available for
distribution. If section 988 losses exceed other investment company taxable income during a tax year, the Fund would not be able to distribute
amounts considered dividends for U.S. federal income tax purposes, and any distributions during a tax year made by the Fund before such
losses were recognized would be re-characterized as a return of capital to Fund Shareholders for U.S. federal income tax purposes,
rather than as ordinary dividend income, and would reduce each Fund Shareholder’s tax basis in Fund Shares.
If
the Fund utilizes leverage through the issuance of Preferred Shares or borrowings, it will be prohibited from declaring a distribution
or dividend if it would fail the applicable asset coverage test(s) under the 1940 Act after the payment of such distribution or dividend.
In addition, certain covenants in credit facilities or indentures may impose greater restrictions on the Fund’s ability to declare
and pay dividends on Fund Shares. Limits on the Fund’s ability to pay dividends on Fund Shares may prevent the Fund from
meeting the 90% distribution requirement described above and, as a result, may affect the Fund’s ability to be subject to tax as
a RIC or subject the Fund to the 4% excise tax. The Fund endeavors to avoid restrictions on its ability to make distribution payments.
If the Fund is precluded from making distributions on Fund Shares because of any applicable asset coverage requirements, the terms
of Preferred Shares (if any) may provide that any amounts so precluded from being distributed, but required to be distributed by the Fund
to enable the Fund to satisfy the 90% distribution requirement that would enable the Fund to be subject to tax as a RIC, will be paid
to the holders of Preferred Shares as a special distribution. This distribution can be expected to decrease the amount that holders of
Preferred Shares would be entitled to receive upon redemption or liquidation of such Preferred Shares.
Certain
of the Fund’s investments are expected to be subject to special U.S. federal income tax provisions that may, among other things,
(1) disallow, suspend or otherwise limit the allowance of certain losses or deductions, (2) convert lower-taxed long-term capital
gains into higher-taxed short-term capital gains or ordinary income, (3) convert an ordinary loss or a deduction into a capital loss,
the deductibility of which is more limited, (4) adversely affect when a purchase or sale of shares or securities is deemed to occur,
(5) adversely alter the intended characterization of certain complex financial transactions, (6) cause the Fund to recognize
income or gain without a corresponding receipt of cash, (7) treat dividends that would otherwise constitute qualified dividend income
as non-qualified dividend income, (8) treat dividends that would otherwise be eligible for the corporate dividends received deduction
as ineligible for such treatment and (9) produce income that will not constitute Qualifying RIC Income. The application of these
rules could cause the Fund to be subject to U.S. federal income tax or the 4% excise tax and, under certain circumstances, could affect
the Fund’s status as a RIC. The Fund monitors its investments and may make certain tax elections to mitigate the effect of these
provisions.
Under
current tax law, conversion between share classes is generally not expected to be a taxable event to the Shareholder.
The
remainder of this discussion assumes that the Fund has qualified and maintain its qualification as a RIC and has satisfied the 90% distribution
requirement described above.
Taxation
of U.S. Shareholders
Distributions
Distributions
of the Fund’s ordinary income and net short-term capital gains will, except as described below with respect to distributions of
“qualified dividend income,” generally be taxable to Shareholders as ordinary income to the extent such distributions are
paid out of the Fund’s current or accumulated earnings and profits, as determined for U.S. federal income tax purposes. Distributions
(or deemed distributions, as described above), if any, of net capital gains will be taxable as long-term capital gains, regardless of
the length of time a Shareholder has owned Shares. The ultimate tax characterization of the Fund’s distributions made in a tax year
cannot be determined until after the end of the tax year. As a result, the
Fund
may make total distributions during a tax year in an amount that exceeds the current and accumulated earnings and profits of the Fund.
A distribution of an amount in excess of the Fund’s current and accumulated earnings and profits will be treated by a Shareholder
as a return of capital that will be applied against and reduce the Shareholder’s tax basis in its Shares. To the extent that the
amount of any such distribution exceeds the Shareholder’s tax basis in its Shares, the excess will be treated as gain from a sale
or exchange of Shares. Distributions will be treated in the manner described above regardless of whether such distributions are paid in
cash or invested in additional Shares. Generally, for U.S. federal income tax purposes, a Shareholder receiving Shares under the DRP will
be treated as having received a distribution equal to the fair market value of such Shares on the date the Shares are credited to the
Shareholder’s account.
A
return of capital to Shareholders is a return of a portion of their original investment in the Fund, thereby reducing the tax basis of
their investment. As a result from such reduction in tax basis, Shareholders may be subject to tax in connection with the sale of Fund Shares,
even if such Shares are sold at a loss relative to the Shareholder’s original investment.
It
is expected that a substantial portion of the Fund’s income will consist of ordinary income. For example, interest and OID derived
by the Fund characterized as ordinary income for U.S. federal income tax purposes. In addition, gain derived by the Fund from the disposition
of debt instruments with “market discount” (generally, securities with a fixed maturity date of more than one year
from the date of issuance acquired by the Fund at a price below the lesser of their stated redemption price at maturity or accreted value,
in the case of securities with OID) will be characterized as ordinary income for U.S. federal income tax purposes to the extent of the
market discount that has accrued, as determined for U.S. federal income tax purposes, at the time of such disposition, unless the Fund
makes an election to accrue market discount on a current basis. In addition, certain of the Fund’s investments will be subject to
other special U.S. federal income tax provisions that may affect the character, increase the amount and/or accelerate the timing of distributions
to Shareholders.
Certain
distributions reported by the Fund as Section 163(j) interest dividends may be treated as interest income by Shareholders for purposes
of the tax rules applicable to interest expense limitations under Section 163(j). Such treatment by the Shareholder is generally
subject to holding period requirements and other potential limitations, although the holding period requirements are generally not applicable
to dividends declared by money market funds and certain other funds that declare dividends daily and pay such dividends on a monthly or
more frequent basis. The amount that the Fund is eligible to report as a Section 163(j) dividend for a tax year is generally limited
to the excess of the Fund’s business interest income over the sum of the Fund’s (i) business interest expense and (ii) other
deductions properly allocable to the Fund’s business interest income.
Distributions
made by the Fund to a corporate Shareholder will qualify for the dividends-received deduction only to the extent that the distributions
consist of qualifying dividends received by the Fund. In addition, any portion of the Fund’s dividends otherwise qualifying for
the dividends-received deduction will be disallowed or reduced if the corporate Shareholder fails to satisfy certain requirements, including
a holding period requirement, with respect to its Shares. Distributions of “qualified dividend income” to an individual or
other non-corporate Shareholder will be treated as “qualified dividend income” to such Shareholder and generally will be taxed
at long-term capital gain rates, provided the Shareholder satisfies the applicable holding period and other requirements. “Qualified
dividend income” generally includes dividends from domestic corporations and dividends from foreign corporations that meet certain
specified criteria. Given the Fund’s investment strategy, it is not expected that a significant portion of the distributions made
by the Fund will be eligible for the dividends-received deduction or the reduced rates applicable to “qualified dividend income.”
If
a person acquires Shares shortly before the record date of a distribution, the price of the Shares may include the value of the distribution,
and the person will be subject to tax on the distribution even though economically it may represent a return of his, her or its investment
in such Shares.
Distributions
paid by the Fund generally will be treated as received by a Shareholder at the time the distribution is made. However, the Fund may, under
certain circumstances, elect to treat a distribution that is paid during the following tax year as if it had been paid during the tax
year in which the income or gains
supporting
the distribution was earned. If the Fund makes such an election, the Shareholder will still be treated as receiving the distribution in
the tax year in which the distribution is received. In this instance, however, any distribution declared by the Fund in October, November
or December of any calendar year, payable to Shareholders of record on a specified date in such a month and actually paid during January
of the following calendar year, will be treated for tax purposes as if it had been received by Shareholders on December 31 of the
calendar year in which the distribution was declared.
The
Fund (or if a Shareholder holds Shares through an intermediary, such intermediary) will send to its Shareholders, as promptly as possible
after the end of each calendar year, a notice detailing the U.S. federal tax status of distributions, including the amounts includible
in such Shareholder’s taxable income for such year as ordinary income and as long-term capital gain. In addition, the federal tax
status of each year’s distributions generally will be reported to the IRS, including the amount of distributions, if any, eligible
for the preferential maximum rate generally applicable to long-term capital gains. Shareholders receiving distributions in the form of
additional Shares will receive a report as to the NAV of those Shares. Distributions paid by the Fund generally will not be eligible for
the corporate dividends received deduction or the preferential tax rate applicable to Qualifying Dividends because the Fund’s income
generally will not consist of dividends.
Distributions
may also be subject to additional state, local and foreign taxes depending on a Shareholder’s particular situation.
Sale
or Exchange of Shares
The
repurchase or transfer of Shares may result in a taxable gain or loss to the tendering Shareholder. Different tax consequences may apply
for tendering and non-tendering Shareholders in connection with a repurchase offer. For example, if a Shareholder does not tender all
of his or her Shares, such repurchase may not be treated as a sale or exchange for U.S. federal income tax purposes, and may result in
deemed distributions to non-tendering Shareholders. On the other hand, Shareholders holding Shares as capital assets who tender all of
their Shares (including Shares deemed owned by Shareholders under constructive ownership rules) will be treated as having sold their Shares
and generally will recognize capital gain or loss. The amount of the gain or loss will be equal to the difference between the amount received
for the Shares and the Shareholder’s adjusted tax basis in the relevant Shares. Such gain or loss generally will be a long-term
capital gain or loss if the Shareholder has held such Shares as capital assets for more than one year. Otherwise, the gain or loss will
be treated as short-term capital gain or loss.
Losses
realized by a Shareholder on the sale or exchange of Shares held as capital assets for six months or less will be treated as long-term
capital losses to the extent of any distribution of long-term capital gains received (or deemed received, as discussed above) with respect
to such Shares. In addition, no loss will be allowed on a sale or other disposition of Shares if the Shareholder acquires (including through
reinvestment of distributions or otherwise) Shares, or enters into a contract or option to acquire Shares, within 30 days before
or after any disposition of such Shares at a loss. In such a case, the basis of the Shares acquired will be adjusted to reflect the disallowed
loss. Under current law, net capital gains recognized by non-corporate Shareholders are generally subject to U.S. federal income tax at
lower rates than the rates applicable to ordinary income.
In
general, Shareholders currently are generally subject to a maximum federal income tax rate of either 15% or 20% (depending on whether
the Shareholder’s income exceeds certain threshold amounts) on their net capital gain (i.e.,
the excess of realized net long-term capital gains over realized net short-term capital losses), including any long-term capital gain
derived from an investment in Shares. Such rate is lower than the maximum rate on ordinary income currently payable by individuals. Corporate
Shareholders currently are subject to U.S. federal income tax on net capital gain at the maximum rate also applied to ordinary income
(currently at 21%). Non-corporate Shareholders with net capital losses for a tax year (i.e.,
capital losses in excess of capital gains) generally may deduct up to $3,000 of such losses against their ordinary income each tax year.
Any net capital losses of a non-corporate Shareholder in excess of $3,000 generally may be carried forward and used in subsequent tax years
as provided in the Code. Corporate Shareholders generally may not deduct any net capital losses for a tax year, but may carry back such
losses for three tax years or carry forward such losses for five tax years.
An
additional 3.8% Medicare tax is imposed on certain net investment income (including ordinary dividends and capital gain distributions
received from the Fund and net gains from redemptions or other taxable dispositions of Shares) of U.S. individuals, estates and trusts
to the extent that such person’s “modified adjusted gross income” (in the case of an individual) or “adjusted
gross income” (in the case of an estate or trust) exceeds certain threshold amounts. U.S. persons that are individuals, estates
or trusts are urged to consult their tax advisors regarding the applicability of this tax to their income and gains in respect of their
investment in the Fund.
Under
U.S. Treasury regulations, if a Shareholder recognizes losses with respect to Shares of $2 million or more for an individual Shareholder
or $10 million or more for a corporate Shareholder, the Shareholder must file with the IRS a disclosure statement on IRS Form 8886.
Direct shareholders of portfolio securities are in many cases excepted from this reporting requirement, but under current guidance, shareholders
of a RIC are not excepted. Future guidance may extend the current exception from this reporting requirement to shareholders of most or
all RICs. The fact that a loss is reportable under these regulations does not affect the legal determination of whether the taxpayer’s
treatment of the loss is proper. Shareholders should consult their tax advisors to determine the applicability of these regulations in
light of their individual circumstances.
Reporting
of adjusted cost basis information is required for covered securities, which generally include shares of a RIC acquired after January 1,
2012, to the IRS and to taxpayers. Shareholders should contact their Financial Intermediaries with respect to reporting of cost basis
and available elections for their accounts.
Backup
Withholding and Information Reporting
Information
returns will be filed with the IRS in connection with payments on Shares and the proceeds from a sale or other disposition of Shares.
A Shareholder will be subject to backup withholding on all such payments if it fails to provide the payor with its correct taxpayer identification
number (generally, in the case of a U.S. resident Shareholder, on an IRS Form W-9) and to make required certifications or otherwise establish
an exemption from backup withholding. Corporate Shareholders and certain other Shareholders generally are exempt from backup withholding.
Backup withholding is not an additional tax. Any amounts withheld as backup withholding may be credited against the applicable Shareholder’s
U.S. federal income tax liability, provided the required information is timely furnished to the IRS.
Taxation
of Non-U.S. Shareholders
Whether
an investment in the Fund is appropriate for a non-U.S. Shareholder (as defined below) will depend upon that investor’s particular
circumstances. An investment in the Fund by a non-U.S. Shareholder may have adverse tax consequences. Non-U.S. Shareholders should consult
their tax advisors before investing in Shares.
The
U.S. federal income taxation of a Shareholder that is a nonresident alien individual, a foreign trust or estate or a foreign corporation,
as defined for U.S. federal income tax purposes (a “non-U.S. Shareholder”), depends on whether the income that the Shareholder
derives from the Fund is “effectively connected” with a U.S. trade or business carried on by the Shareholder.
If
the income that a non-U.S. Shareholder derives from the Fund is not “effectively connected” with a U.S. trade or business
carried on by such non-U.S. Shareholder, distributions of “investment company taxable income” will generally be subject to
a U.S. federal withholding tax at a rate of 30% (or a lower rate provided under an applicable treaty). Alternatively, if the income that
a non-U.S. Shareholder derives from the Fund is effectively connected with a U.S. trade or business of the non-U.S. Shareholder, the Fund
will not be required to withhold U.S. federal tax if the non-U.S. Shareholder complies with applicable certification and disclosure requirements,
although such income will be subject to U.S. federal income tax in the manner described below and at the rates applicable to U.S. residents.
Backup withholding will not, however, be applied to payments that have been subject to this 30% withholding tax applicable to non-U.S.
Shareholders.
A
non-U.S. Shareholder whose income from the Fund is not “effectively connected” with a U.S. trade or business will generally
be exempt from U.S. federal income tax on capital gains distributions, any amounts retained by the Fund that are designated as undistributed
capital gains and any gains realized
upon
the sale or exchange of Shares. If, however, such a non-U.S. Shareholder is a nonresident alien individual and is physically present in
the United States for 183 days or more during the tax year and meets certain other requirements such capital gains distributions,
undistributed capital gains and gains from the sale or exchange of Shares will be subject to a 30% U.S. tax.
Furthermore,
properly reported distributions by the Fund and received by non-U.S. Shareholders are generally exempt from U.S. federal withholding tax
when they (a) are paid by the Fund in respect of the Fund’s “qualified net interest income” (i.e.,
the Fund’s U.S. source interest income, subject to certain exceptions, reduced by expenses that are allocable to such income), or
(b) are paid by the Fund in connection with the Fund’s “qualified short-term capital gains” (generally,
the excess of the Fund’s net short-term capital gains over the Fund’s long-term capital losses for such tax year). However,
depending on the circumstances, the Fund may report all, some or none of the Fund’s potentially eligible distributions as derived
from such qualified net interest income or from such qualified short-term capital gains, and a portion of such distributions (e.g.,
derived from interest from non-U.S. sources or any foreign currency gains) would be ineligible for this potential exemption from withholding.
Moreover, in the case of Shares held through an intermediary, the intermediary may have withheld amounts even if the Fund reported all
or a portion of a distribution as exempt from U.S. federal withholding tax. To qualify for this exemption from withholding, a non-U.S.
Shareholder must comply with applicable certification requirements relating to its non-U.S. tax residency status (including, in general,
furnishing an IRS Form W-8BEN, IRS Form W-8BEN-E, IRS Form W-8ECI, IRS Form W-8IMY or IRS Form W-8EXP, or an acceptable substitute or
successor form). Thus, an investment in the Shares by a non-U.S. Shareholder may have adverse tax consequences as compared to a direct
investment in the assets in which the Fund will invest.
If
the income from the Fund is “effectively connected” with a U.S. trade or business carried on by a non-U.S. Shareholder, any
distributions of “investment company taxable income,” capital gains distributions, amounts retained by the Fund that are designated
as undistributed capital gains and any gains realized upon the sale or exchange of Shares will be subject to U.S. income tax, on a net
income basis, in the same manner, and at the graduated rates applicable to, U.S. persons. If such a non-U.S. Shareholder is a corporation,
it may also be subject to the U.S. branch profits tax.
A
non-U.S. Shareholder other than a corporation may be subject to backup withholding on net capital gains distributions that are otherwise
exempt from withholding tax or on distributions that would otherwise be taxable at a reduced treaty rate if such Shareholder does not
certify its non-U.S. status under penalties of perjury or otherwise establish an exemption.
If
the Fund distributes net capital gains in the form of deemed rather than actual distributions, a non-U.S. Shareholder will be entitled
to a U.S. federal income tax credit or tax refund equal to the Shareholder’s allocable share of the tax the Fund pays on the capital
gains deemed to have been distributed. To obtain the refund, the non-U.S. Shareholder must obtain a U.S. taxpayer identification number
and file a federal income tax return even if the non-U.S. Shareholder would not otherwise be required to obtain a U.S. taxpayer identification
number or file a federal income tax return.
Under
the Foreign Account Tax Compliance Act provisions of the Code, the Fund is required to withhold U.S. tax (at a 30% rate) on payments of
taxable dividends made to certain non-U.S. entities that fail to comply (or be deemed compliant) with extensive reporting and withholding
requirements in the Code designed to inform the U.S. Department of the Treasury of U.S.-owned foreign investment accounts. Shareholders
may be requested to provide additional information to the Fund to enable the Fund to determine whether withholding is required.
The
tax consequences to a non-U.S. Shareholder entitled to claim the benefits of an applicable tax treaty may differ from those described
herein. Non-U.S. Shareholders are advised to consult their tax advisors with respect to the particular tax consequences to them of an
investment in the Fund, including the potential application of the U.S. estate tax.
Other
Taxes
Shareholders
may be subject to state, local and non-U.S. taxes applicable to their investment in the Fund. In those states or localities, entity-level
tax treatment and the treatment of distributions made to Shareholders under those jurisdictions’ tax laws may differ from the treatment
under the Code. Accordingly,
an
investment in Shares may have tax consequences for Shareholders that are different from those of a direct investment in the Fund’s
portfolio investments. Shareholders are advised to consult their tax advisors with respect to the particular tax consequences to them
of an investment in the Fund.
ERISA CONSIDERATIONS
Employee benefit plans and
other plans subject to ERISA or the Code, including corporate savings and 401(k) plans, IRAs and Keogh Plans (each, an “ERISA Plan”)
may purchase Shares. ERISA imposes certain general and specific responsibilities on persons who are fiduciaries with respect to an ERISA
Plan, including prudence, diversification, prohibited transactions and other standards. Because the Fund is registered as an investment
company under the 1940 Act, the underlying assets of the Fund will not be considered to be “plan assets” of any ERISA Plan
investing in the Fund for purposes of the fiduciary responsibility and prohibited transaction rules under Title I of ERISA or Section
4975 of the Code. Thus, none of the Fund or the Advisors will be a fiduciary within the meaning of ERISA or Section 4975 of the Code with
respect to the assets of any ERISA Plan that becomes a Shareholder, solely as a result of the ERISA Plan’s investment in the Fund.
The provisions of ERISA are
subject to extensive and continuing administrative and judicial interpretation and review. The discussion of ERISA contained herein is,
of necessity, general and may be affected by future publication of regulations and rulings. Potential investors should consult their legal
advisers regarding the consequences under ERISA of an investment in the Fund through an ERISA Plan.
ANTI-TAKEOVER PROVISIONS
IN THE DECLARATION OF TRUST
The Declaration of Trust
includes provisions that could have the effect of limiting the ability of other entities or persons to acquire control of the Fund or
to change the composition of the Board. These provisions may have the effect of discouraging attempts to acquire control of the Fund,
which attempts could have the effect of increasing the expenses of the Fund and interfering with the normal operation of the Fund. The
Trustees are elected for indefinite terms and do not stand for reelection. A Trustee may be removed from office (i) with cause only by
a written instrument signed or adopted by two-thirds of the remaining Trustees; or (ii) without cause only by a written instrument signed
or adopted by all of the remaining Trustees. The Declaration of Trust does not contain any other specific inhibiting provisions that would
operate only with respect to an extraordinary transaction such as a merger, reorganization, tender offer, sale or transfer of substantially
all of the Fund’s asset, or liquidation. Reference should be made to the Declaration of Trust on file with the SEC for the full
text of these provisions.
PLAN OF DISTRIBUTION
ALPS Distributors, Inc.,
located at 1290 Broadway, Suite 1000, Denver, CO 80203, serves as the Fund’s principal underwriter and acts as the Distributor of
the Fund’s Shares on a best efforts basis, subject to various conditions. Class A Shares are offered for sale through the Distributor
at NAV plus the applicable sales load and Class C Shares are offered at NAV. The Distributor also may enter into agreements with Financial
Intermediaries for the sale and servicing of the Fund’s Shares. The Fund offers on a continuous basis an unlimited number of shares
of beneficial interest through the Distributor. No arrangement has been made to place funds received in an escrow, trust or similar account.
The Distributor is not required to sell any specific number or dollar amount of the Fund’s Shares but will use its best efforts
to solicit orders for the purchase of the Shares. Shares of the Fund will not be listed on any national securities exchange and the Distributor
will not act as a market marker in Fund Shares. Class C Shares will pay to the Distributor a Distribution Fee that will accrue at an annual
rate equal to 0.75% of the Fund’s average daily net assets attributable to Class C Shares and is payable on a quarterly basis. Class
A Shares are not currently subject to a Distribution Fee.
The Distributor has entered
into a wholesale marketing agreement with CION Securities, a registered broker-dealer and an affiliate of CION. Pursuant to the terms
of the wholesale marketing agreement, CION Securities will seek to market and otherwise promote the Fund through various wholesale distribution
channels, including, but not limited to, regional and independent retail broker-dealers and registered investment advisors.
CION Securities has also
entered into a dealer manager agreement with the Fund pursuant to which CION Securities has agreed to provide certain marketing and wholesale
services in consideration of its receipt of the dealer manager fee.
The Advisors or their affiliates,
in the Advisors’ discretion and from their own resources, may pay Additional Compensation to Financial Intermediaries in connection
with the sale of Fund Shares. In return for the Additional Compensation, the Fund may receive certain marketing advantages including access
to a Financial Intermediaries’ registered representatives, placement on a list of investment options offered by a Financial Intermediary,
or the ability to assist in training and educating the Financial Intermediaries. The Additional Compensation may differ among Financial
Intermediaries in amount or in the manner of calculation: payments of Additional Compensation may be fixed dollar amounts, or based on
the aggregate value of outstanding Shares held by Shareholders introduced by the Financial Intermediary, or determined in some other manner.
The receipt of Additional Compensation by a selling Financial Intermediary may create potential conflicts of interest between an investor
and its Financial Intermediary who is recommending the Fund over other potential investments. Additionally, the Fund pays a servicing
fee to the Financial Intermediaries or financial institutions and for providing ongoing services in respect of clients with whom it has
distributed shares of the Fund. Such services may include electronic processing of client orders, electronic fund transfers between clients
and the Fund, account reconciliations with the Fund’s transfer agent, facilitation of electronic delivery to clients of Fund documentation,
monitoring client accounts for back-up withholding and any other special tax reporting obligations, maintenance of books and records with
respect to the foregoing, and such other information and ongoing liaison services as the Fund or the Advisors may reasonably request.
The Fund and the Advisors
have agreed to indemnify the Distributor against certain liabilities, including liabilities under the 1933 Act, or to contribute to payments
the Distributor may be required to make because of any of those liabilities. Such agreement does not include indemnification of the Distributor
against liability resulting from willful misfeasance, bad faith or negligence on the part of the Distributor in the performance of its
duties or from reckless disregard by the Distributor of its obligations and duties under the Distribution Agreement.
Purchasing Shares
Investors may purchase Shares
directly from the Fund in accordance with the instructions below. Investors will be assessed fees for returned checks and stop payment
orders at prevailing rates charged by SS&C GIDS, Inc. The returned check and stop payment fee is currently $25. Investors may buy
and sell Shares of the Fund through Financial Intermediaries. Orders will be priced at the appropriate price next
computed after it is received by a Financial Intermediary
and accepted by the Fund. A Financial Intermediary may hold Shares in an omnibus account in the Financial Intermediary’s name or
the Financial Intermediary may maintain individual ownership records. The Fund may pay the Financial Intermediary for maintaining individual
ownership records as well as providing other shareholder services. Financial Intermediaries may charge fees for the services they provide
in connection with processing your transaction order or maintaining an investor’s account with them. Investors should check with
their Financial Intermediary to determine if it is subject to these arrangements. Financial Intermediaries are responsible for placing
orders correctly and promptly with the Fund, forwarding payment promptly. Orders transmitted with a Financial Intermediary before the
close of regular trading (generally 4:00 p.m., Eastern Time) on a day that the NYSE is open for business, will be priced based on the
Fund’s NAV next computed after it is received by the Financial Intermediary.
Investors may purchase Shares
through a broker-dealer or Financial Intermediary that may establish different minimum investment requirements than the Fund and may also
independently charge transaction fees and additional amounts (which may vary) in return for its services, which will reduce an investor’s
return. Shares purchased through a broker-dealer or Financial Intermediary will normally be held in an investor’s account with that
firm.
The availability of sales
charge waivers, discounts, and/or breakpoints may depend on the particular Financial Intermediary or type of account through which an
investor purchases or holds Shares. Investors should contact their Financial Intermediary for more information regarding applicable sales
charge waivers and discounts available to them and the Financial Intermediary’s related policies and procedures.
If an investment is made
through an IRA, Keogh plan or 401(k) plan, an approved trustee must process and forward the subscription to the Fund. In such case, the
Fund will send the confirmation and notice of its acceptance to the trustee.
By Mail
To make an initial purchase
by mail, complete an account application and mail the application, together with a check made payable to CION Ares Diversified Credit
Fund to:
Regular
Mail:
CION Ares Diversified Credit Fund
SS&C GIDS, Inc.
P.O. Box 219422
Kansas
City, MO 64121-9422
Overnight
Mail:
Please call 1-888-729-4266 for the overnight mailing address.
All checks must be in US
Dollars drawn on a domestic bank. The Fund will not accept payment in cash or money orders. The Fund may accept cashier’s checks
in amounts greater than $10,000. To prevent check fraud, the Fund will neither accept third party checks, Treasury checks, credit card
checks, traveler’s checks or starter checks for the purchase of shares, nor post-dated checks, postdated on-line bill pay checks,
or any conditional purchase order or payment.
The transfer agent will charge
a $25 fee against an investor’s account, in addition to any loss sustained by the Fund, for any payment that is returned. It is
the policy of the Fund not to accept applications under certain circumstances or in amounts considered disadvantageous to Shareholders.
The Fund reserves the right to reject any application.
By Wire — Initial
Investment
To make an initial investment
in the Fund, the transfer agent must receive a completed account application from a Financial Intermediary before an investor wires funds.
The Financial Intermediary may mail or overnight deliver an account application to the transfer agent. Upon receipt of the completed account
application, the transfer agent will establish an account. The account number assigned will be required as part of the instruction that
should be provided to an investor’s bank to send the wire. An investor’s bank must include both the name of the Fund, the
account number, and the investor’s name so
that monies can be correctly applied. If you wish to wire
money to make an investment in the Fund, please call the Fund at 800-343-3736 for wiring instructions and to notify the Fund that a wire
transfer is coming. Any commercial bank can transfer same-day funds via wire. The Fund will normally accept wired funds for investment
on the day received if they are received by the Fund’s designated bank before the close of regular trading on the NYSE. Your bank
may charge you a fee for wiring same-day funds. The bank should transmit funds by wire to:
ABA #: 101 000 695
Credit: UMB Bank,
NA
Account #: 9872291549
Further Credit:
CION Ares Diversified Credit Fund
(shareholder registration)
(shareholder
account number)
Automatic Investment Plan — Subsequent
Investments
You may participate in the
Fund’s Automatic Investment Plan, an investment plan that automatically moves money from your bank account and invests it in the
Fund through the use of electronic funds transfers or automatic bank drafts. You may elect to make subsequent investments by transfers
of a minimum of $100 for regular accounts and $50 for retirement plan accounts on specified days of each month into your established Fund
account. Please contact your registered representative/investment advisor for more information about the Fund’s Automatic Investment
Plan.
In compliance with the USA
Patriot Act of 2001, SS&C GIDS, Inc. will verify certain information on each account application as part of the Fund’s Anti-Money
Laundering Program. As requested on the application, investors must supply full name, date of birth, social security number and permanent
street address. Mailing addresses containing only a P.O. Box will not be accepted. Registered representatives/investment
advisors may call Investor Relations at 888-729-4266 for additional assistance when completing an application.
If SS&C GIDS, Inc. does
not have a reasonable belief of the identity of a customer, the account will be rejected or the customer will not be allowed to perform
a transaction on the account until such information is received. The Fund also may reserve the right to close the account within 5 business
days if clarifying information/documentation is not received.
Purchase Terms
The minimum initial purchase
by an investor is $2,500 for regular accounts and $1,000 for retirement plan accounts. The Fund reserves the right to waive investment
minimums. The Fund’s Shares are offered for sale through its Distributor at NAV plus the applicable sales load. The price of the
Shares during the Fund’s continuous offering will fluctuate over time with the NAV of the Shares.
Converting Shares
Investors eligible to purchase
Class I Shares may convert Class A Shares to Class I Shares. Class A and Class C Shares will automatically convert into Class I Shares
if the total sales charge would otherwise exceed the limits of FINRA Rule 2341. Class I Shares are not subject to any upfront sales charge.
Class I Shares are not subject to a distribution fee, shareholder servicing fees, or contingent deferred sales charge. Class I Shares
may only be available through certain Financial Intermediaries. For all accounts, Class I Shares require a minimum investment of $1,000,000,
while subsequent investments may be made with any amount. The Fund reserves the right to waive the investment minimum.
You can process your conversion
by contacting your Financial Intermediary. You may also send conversion requests to the Fund’s transfer agent, SS&C GIDS, Inc.,
by mail to CION Ares Diversified Credit Fund c/o SS&C GIDS, Inc., P.O. Box 219422, Kansas City, MO 64121-9422 or by calling the toll
free number 888-729-4266.
As of the date of this Prospectus, the Fund
is the only fund managed by CAM. To the extent that CAM manages other funds in the future, Shareholders may be permitted to move their
investment in Shares of the Fund into such other funds in connection with the Fund’s quarterly repurchases. In this case, rather
than tendering shares for cash, a Fund Shareholder would elect to have the dollar value of its Shares accepted for purchases of shares
of another CAM-managed fund. Such conversions would occur in conjunction with quarterly repurchases made by the Fund and would be subject
to those repurchase offer risks, such as the risk that Shareholders may be unable to liquidate all or a given percentage of their investment
in the Fund during a particular repurchase offer, that are described elsewhere in this Prospectus.
A conversion of shares of
one Class directly for shares of another Class of the Fund normally should not be taxable for federal income tax purposes. You should
consult your tax advisor before making a conversion.
Share Class Considerations
When selecting a share class,
you should consider the following:
•
which
share classes are available to you;
•
how
much you intend to invest;
•
how
long you expect to own the shares; and
•
total
costs and expenses associated with a particular share class.
Each investor’s financial
considerations are different. You should speak with your financial advisor to help you decide which share class is best for you. Not all
Financial Intermediaries offer all classes of Shares. If your Financial Intermediary offers more than one class of Shares, you should
carefully consider which class of Shares to purchase.
Class A Shares
Investors purchasing Class
A Shares may pay a sales load based on the amount of their investment in the Fund. The sales load payable by each investor depends upon
the amount invested by such investor in the Fund, but may range from 0.00% to 5.75%, as set forth below. A reallowance to participating
broker-dealers may be made by the Distributor from the sales load paid by each investor. A portion of the sales load, up to 0.75%, is
paid to CION Securities (the “Dealer Manager Fee”). The following sales loads apply to your purchases of shares of the Fund:
Amount Purchased |
|
|
Dealer Reallowance* |
|
|
Dealer Manager Fee |
|
|
Sales Load as % of Offering Price |
|
|
Sales Load as % of Amount Invested |
|
Under $100,000 |
|
|
|
|
5.00% |
|
|
|
|
|
0.75% |
|
|
|
|
|
5.75% |
|
|
|
|
|
6.10% |
|
|
$100,000 – $249,999 |
|
|
|
|
4.00% |
|
|
|
|
|
0.75% |
|
|
|
|
|
4.75% |
|
|
|
|
|
4.99% |
|
|
$250,000 – $499,999 |
|
|
|
|
3.00% |
|
|
|
|
|
0.75% |
|
|
|
|
|
3.75% |
|
|
|
|
|
3.90% |
|
|
$500,000 – $999,999 |
|
|
|
|
2.00% |
|
|
|
|
|
0.50% |
|
|
|
|
|
2.50% |
|
|
|
|
|
2.56% |
|
|
$1,000,000 and Above |
|
|
|
|
1.00% |
|
|
|
|
|
0.50% |
|
|
|
|
|
1.50% |
|
|
|
|
|
1.52% |
|
|
*
Gross
Dealer Concession paid to participating broker-dealers.
You may be able to buy Class
A Shares without a sales charge (i.e.,
“load-waived”) when you are:
•
reinvesting
dividends or distributions;
•
a
current or former Trustee of the Fund;
•
an
employee (including the employee’s spouse, domestic partner, children, grandchildren, parents, grandparents, siblings or any dependent
of the employee, as defined in Section 152 of the Code) of the Fund’s Advisor or its affiliates or of a broker-dealer authorized
to sell shares of the Fund;
•
purchasing
shares through the Fund’s Advisor;
•
purchasing shares through a financial
services firm that has a special arrangement with the Fund; or
•
participating
in an investment advisory or agency commission program under which you pay a fee to an investment advisor or other firm for portfolio
management or brokerage services.
The following are additional
features that should be taken into account when purchasing Class A Shares:
•
a
minimum initial investment of $2,500 for regular accounts and $1,000 for retirement plan accounts, and a minimum subsequent investment
of at least $100 for regular accounts and $50 for retirement plan accounts (the Fund reserves the right to waive investment minimums);
and
•
a
quarterly shareholder servicing fee at an annual rate of up to 0.25% of the average daily net assets of the Fund attributable to Class
A Shares.
Right of Accumulation
For the purposes of determining
the applicable reduced sales charge, the right of accumulation allows you to include prior purchases of Class A Shares of the Fund as
part of your current investment as well as reinvested dividends. To qualify for this option, you must be either:
•
an
individual;
•
an
individual and spouse purchasing shares for your own account or trust or custodial accounts for your minor children; or
•
a
fiduciary purchasing for any one trust, estate or fiduciary account, including employee benefit plans created under Sections 401, 403
or 457 of the Code, including related plans of the same employer.
If you plan to rely on this
right of accumulation, you must notify the Fund’s distributor at the time of your purchase. You will need to give the Distributor
your account numbers. Existing holdings of family members or other related accounts of a Shareholder may be combined for purposes of determining
eligibility. If applicable, you will need to provide the account numbers of your spouse and your minor children as well as the ages of
your minor children.
Letter of Intent
The letter of intent allows
you to count all investments within a 13-month period in Class A Shares of the Fund as if you were making them all at once for the purposes
of calculating the applicable reduced sales charges. The minimum initial investment under a letter of intent is 5% of the total letter
of intent amount. The letter of intent does not preclude the Fund from discontinuing sales of its shares. You may include a purchase not
originally made pursuant to a letter of intent under a letter of intent entered into within 90 days of the original purchase. To determine
the applicable sales charge reduction, you also may include (1) the cost of Class A Shares of the Fund which were previously purchased
at a price including a front end sales charge during the 90-day period prior to the Distributor receiving the letter of intent, and (2)
the historical cost of shares of other Funds you currently own acquired in exchange for Class A Shares, respectively, the Fund purchased
during that period at a price including a front-end sales charge. You may combine purchases and exchanges by family members (as defined
by your Financial Intermediary) for purposes of the letter of intent. You should retain any records necessary to substantiate historical
costs because the Fund, the transfer agent and any Financial Intermediaries may not maintain this information. Shares acquired through
reinvestment of dividends are not aggregated to achieve the stated investment goal.
Class C Shares
Class C Shares are sold at
the prevailing NAV per Class C Share and are not subject to any upfront sales charge; however, the following are additional features that
should be taken into account when purchasing Class C Shares:
•
a minimum initial investment of $2,500
for regular accounts and $1,000 for retirement plan accounts, and a minimum subsequent investment of at least $100 for regular accounts
and $50 for retirement plan accounts (the Fund reserves the right to waive investment minimums);
•
a
quarterly shareholder servicing fee at an annual rate of up to 0.25% of the average daily net assets of the Fund attributable to Class
C Shares;
•
a
Distribution Fee which will accrue at an annual rate equal to 0.75% of the average daily net assets of the Fund attributable to Class
C Shares; and
•
a
contingent deferred sales charge equal to 1.00% of the original purchase price of Class C Shares repurchased by the Fund for repurchases
of Class C Shares held less than 365 days following such Shareholder’s initial purchase.
The Distributor pays 1% of
the amount invested to dealers who sell Class C Shares. The Advisor or an affiliate reimburses the Distributor for monies advanced to
dealers. Because Class C Shares of the Fund are sold at the prevailing NAV per Class C Share without an upfront sales load, the entire
amount of your purchase is invested immediately.
Shareholder Service Expenses
The Fund has adopted a “Shareholder
Services Plan” with respect to its Class A and Class C Shares under which the Fund may compensate financial industry professionals
for providing ongoing services in respect of clients with whom they have distributed shares of the Fund. Such services may include electronic
processing of client orders, electronic fund transfers between clients and the Fund, account reconciliations with the Fund’s transfer
agent, facilitation of electronic delivery to clients of Fund documentation, monitoring client accounts for back-up withholding and any
other special tax reporting obligations, maintenance of books and records with respect to the foregoing, and such other information and
liaison services as the Fund or the Advisors may reasonably request.
Under the Shareholder Services
Plan, the Fund, with respect to Class A and Class C Shares, may incur expenses on an annual basis equal up to 0.25% of its average net
assets attributable to Class A and Class C Shares, respectively.
Distribution Plan
The Fund, with respect to
its Class C Shares, is authorized under a “Distribution Plan” to pay to the Distributor a Distribution Fee for certain activities
relating to the distribution of shares to investors. These activities include marketing and other activities to support the distribution
of Class C Shares. The Plan operates in a manner consistent with Rule 12b-1 under the 1940 Act, which regulates the manner in which an
open-end investment company may directly or indirectly bear the expenses of distributing its shares. Although the Fund is not an open-end
investment company, it has undertaken to comply with the terms of Rule 12b-1 as a condition of an exemptive order under the 1940 Act which
permits it to have asset based distribution fees. Under the Distribution Plan, the Fund pays the Distributor a Distribution Fee at an
annual rate of 0.75% of average daily net assets attributable to Class C Shares.
About the Distributor
ALPS Distributors, Inc.,
located at 1290 Broadway, Suite 1000, Denver, CO 80203, serves as distributor of the Fund’s Shares.
DISTRIBUTIONS
The Fund intends to make
a distribution each month to its Shareholders of the net investment income of the Fund after payment of Fund operating expenses. The dividend
rate may be modified by the Board from time to time. Distributions can only be made from net investment income after paying any accrued
dividends to holders of Preferred Shares.
To the extent that any portion
of the Fund’s monthly distributions are considered a return of capital to Shareholders, such portion would not be considered dividends
for U.S. federal income tax purposes, and would represent a return of the amounts that such Shareholders invested. Although such return
of capital distributions are not currently taxable to Shareholders, such distributions will have the effect of lowering a Shareholder’s
tax basis in such Shares, and could result in a higher tax liability when the Shares are sold, even if they have not increased in value,
or in fact, have lost value. The Fund’s final distribution for each tax year is expected to include any remaining investment company
taxable income and net tax-exempt income undistributed during the tax year, as well as any undistributed net capital gain realized during
the tax year. If the total distributions made in any tax year exceed investment company taxable income, net tax-exempt income and net
capital gain, such excess distributed amount would be treated as ordinary dividend income to the extent of the Fund’s current and
accumulated earnings and profits. This distribution policy, may, under certain circumstances, have adverse consequences to the Fund and
its Shareholders because it may result in a return of capital resulting in less of a Shareholder’s assets being invested in the
Fund and, over time, increase the Fund’s expense ratio. The distribution policy also may cause the Fund to sell securities at a
time it would not otherwise do so to manage the distribution of income and gain. The initial distribution will be declared on date determined
by the Board.
Each year, a statement on
Form 1099-DIV identifying the sources of the distributions (i.e.,
paid from ordinary income, paid from net capital gains on the sale of securities, and/or a return of capital, which is a nontaxable distribution)
will be furnished to Shareholders subject to IRS reporting. Fund ordinary distributions may exceed the Fund’s earnings, especially
during the period before the Fund has substantially invested the proceeds from this offering. To the extent that the Fund pays distributions
to Shareholders using proceeds it receives from Fund distributions, such distributions generally would constitute a return of investor
capital and generally will lower an investor’s tax basis in his or her Shares. A return of capital generally is a return of an investor’s
investment rather than a return of earnings or gains derived from the Fund’s investment activities. There can be no assurance that
the Fund will be able to pay distributions at a specific rate or at all.
As discussed in the “Tax
Aspects” section, to qualify for and maintain RIC tax treatment, the Fund is required to distribute on a timely basis with respect
to each tax year dividends for U.S. federal income tax purposes of an amount at least equal to the sum of 90% of “investment company
taxable income” and net tax-exempt interest income, determined without regard to any deduction for dividends paid, for such tax
year. To avoid certain excise taxes imposed on RICs, the Fund is required to distribute in respect of each calendar year dividends of
an amount at least equal to the sum of (1) 98% of ordinary income (taking into account certain deferrals and elections) for the calendar
year, (2) 98.2% of capital gain net income (adjusted for certain ordinary losses) generally for the one-year period ending on October
31 of the calendar year and (3) any ordinary income and capital gain net income for previous calendar years that were not distributed
during such calendar years and on which the Fund paid no U.S. federal income tax. The Fund can offer no assurance that it will achieve
results that will permit the payment of any cash distributions. If the Fund issues senior securities, the Fund will be prohibited from
making distributions if doing so causes it to fail to maintain the asset coverage ratios stipulated by the 1940 Act or if distributions
are limited by the terms of any of the Fund’s borrowings. Any such limitations would adversely impact the Fund’s ability to
make distributions to Shareholders.
Dividend Reinvestment Plan
The Fund will operate under
the DRP administered by SS&C GIDS, Inc. Pursuant to the plan, the Fund’s Distributions, net of any applicable U.S. withholding
tax, are reinvested in the same class of shares of the Fund.
Shareholders automatically
participate in the DRP, unless and until an election is made to withdraw from the plan on behalf of such participating Shareholder. A
Shareholder who does not wish to have
Distributions automatically reinvested may terminate participation
in the DRP at any time by written instructions to that effect to SS&C GIDS, Inc. Shareholders who elect not to participate in the
DRP will receive all distributions in cash paid to the Shareholder of record (or, if the shares are held in street or other nominee name,
then to such nominee). Such written instructions must be received by the SS&C GIDS, Inc. 30 days prior to the record date of the Distribution
or the Shareholder will receive such Distribution in shares through the DRP. Under the DRP, the Fund’s Distributions to Shareholders
are automatically reinvested in full and fractional shares as described below.
When the Fund declares a
Distribution, SS&C GIDS, Inc., on the Shareholder’s behalf, will receive additional authorized shares from the Fund either newly
issued or repurchased from Shareholders by the Fund and held as treasury stock. The number of shares to be received when Distributions
are reinvested will be determined by dividing the amount of the Distribution by the Fund’s NAV per share.
SS&C GIDS, Inc. will
maintain all Shareholder accounts and furnish written confirmations of all transactions in the accounts, including information needed
by Shareholders for personal and tax records. SS&C GIDS, Inc. will hold shares in the account of the Shareholders in non-certificated
form in the name of the participant, and each Shareholder’s proxy, if any, will include those shares purchased pursuant to the DRP.
Each participant, nevertheless, has the right to request certificates for whole and fractional shares owned. The Fund will issue certificates
in its sole discretion. SS&C GIDS, Inc. will distribute all proxy solicitation materials, if any, to participating Shareholders.
In the case of Shareholders,
such as banks, brokers or nominees, that hold shares for others who are beneficial owners participating under the DRP, SS&C GIDS,
Inc. will administer the DRP on the basis of the number of shares certified from time to time by the record Shareholder as representing
the total amount of shares registered in the Shareholder’s name and held for the account of beneficial owners participating under
the DRP.
Neither SS&C GIDS, Inc.
nor the Fund shall have any responsibility or liability beyond the exercise of ordinary care for any action taken or omitted pursuant
to the DRP, nor shall they have any duties, responsibilities or liabilities except such as expressly set forth herein. Neither shall they
be liable hereunder for any act done in good faith or for any good faith omissions to act, including, without limitation, failure to terminate
a participant’s account prior to receipt of written notice of his or her death or with respect to prices at which shares are purchased
or sold for the participants account and the terms on which such purchases and sales are made, subject to applicable provisions of the
federal securities laws.
The automatic reinvestment
of Dividends will not relieve participants of any federal, state or local income tax that may be payable (or required to be withheld)
on such Dividends. See “Tax Aspects.”
The Fund reserves the right
to amend or terminate the DRP. There is no direct service charge to participants with regard to purchases under the DRP; however, the
Fund reserves the right to amend the DRP to include a service charge payable by the participants.
All correspondence concerning
the DRP should be directed to SS&C GIDS, Inc. at CION Ares Diversified Credit Fund c/o SS&C GIDS, Inc., P.O. Box 219422, Kansas
City, MO 64121-9422. Certain transactions can be performed by calling the toll free number 888-729-4266.
FISCAL YEAR; REPORTS
For accounting purposes,
the Fund’s fiscal year and tax year end on December 31. As soon as practicable after the end of each calendar year, a statement
on Form 1099-DIV identifying the sources of the distributions paid by the Fund to Shareholders for tax purposes will be furnished to Shareholders
subject to IRS reporting. In addition, the Fund will prepare and transmit to Shareholders an unaudited semi-annual and an audited annual
report within 60 days after the close of the period for which the report is being made, or as otherwise required by the 1940 Act.
PRIVACY NOTICE
We are committed to maintaining
the privacy of our Shareholders and to safeguarding their nonpublic personal information. The following information is provided to help
you understand what personal information we collect, how we protect that information and why, in certain cases, we may share information
with select other parties.
Generally, we will not receive
any non-public personal information about Shareholders of the common stock of the Fund, although certain of our Shareholders’ non-public
information may become available to us. The non-public personal information that we may receive falls into the following categories:
•
Information
we receive from Shareholders, whether we receive it orally, in writing or electronically. This includes Shareholders’ communications
to us concerning their investment;
•
Information
about Shareholders’ transactions and history with us; or
•
Other
general information that we may obtain about Shareholders, such as demographic and contact information such as address.
We do not disclose any non-public
personal information about Shareholders, except:
•
to
our affiliates (such as our investment advisor) and their employees that have a legitimate business need for the information;
•
to
our service providers (such as our administrator, accountants, attorneys, custodians, transfer agent, underwriter and proxy solicitors)
and their employees as is necessary to service Shareholder accounts or otherwise provide the applicable service;
•
to
comply with court orders, subpoenas, lawful discovery requests, or other legal or regulatory requirements; or
•
as
allowed or required by applicable law or regulation.
When the Fund shares non-public
Shareholder personal information referred to above, the information is made available for limited business purposes and under controlled
circumstances designed to protect our Shareholders’ privacy. The Fund does not permit use of Shareholder information for any non-business
or marketing purpose, nor does the Fund permit third parties to rent, sell, trade or otherwise release or disclose information to any
other party.
The Fund’s service
providers, such as their advisor, administrator, and transfer agent, are required to maintain physical, electronic, and procedural safeguards
to protect Shareholder nonpublic personal information; to prevent unauthorized access or use; and to dispose of such information when
it is no longer required.
Personnel of affiliates may
access Shareholder information only for business purposes. The degree of access is based on the sensitivity of the information and on
personnel need for the information to service a Shareholder’s account or comply with legal requirements.
If a Shareholder ceases to
be a Shareholder, we will adhere to the privacy policies and practices as described above. We may choose to modify our privacy policies
at any time. Before we do so, we will notify Shareholders and provide a description of our privacy policy.
In the event of a corporate
change in control resulting from, for example, a sale to, or merger with, another entity, or in the event of a sale of assets, we reserve
the right to transfer your non-public personal information to the new party in control or the party acquiring assets.
INQUIRIES
Inquiries concerning the
Fund and the Shares should be directed to:
CION Ares Management, LLC
Investor
Services
100 Grossman Drive, Suite 301
Braintree, MA 02184
888-729-4266
Investors
should rely only on the information contained in this prospectus. No dealer, salesperson or other individual has been authorized to give
any information or to make any representations that are not contained in this prospectus. If any such information or statements are given
or made, investors should not rely upon such information or representations. This prospectus does not constitute an offer to sell any
securities other than those to which this prospectus relates, or an offer to sell to, or a solicitation of an offer to buy from, any person
in any jurisdiction where such an offer or solicitation would be unlawful. This prospectus speaks as of the date set forth below. Investors
should not assume that the delivery of this prospectus or that any sale made pursuant to this prospectus implies that the information
contained in this prospectus will remain fully accurate and correct as of any time subsequent to the date of this prospectus.
CION
ARES DIVERSIFIED CREDIT FUND
COMMON
SHARES OF BENEFICIAL INTEREST
CLASS A SHARES (CADEX) AND CLASS C SHARES (CADCX)
PROSPECTUS
April 28,
2023
PROSPECTUS
April 28,
2023
CION ARES
DIVERSIFIED CREDIT FUND
COMMON SHARES OF BENEFICIAL INTEREST
CLASS I SHARES (CADUX)
CION
Ares Diversified Credit Fund (the “Fund”) is a Delaware statutory trust that is registered under the Investment Company Act
of 1940, as amended (the “1940 Act”), as a diversified, closed-end management investment company.
Investment
Objective. The Fund’s investment objective is to provide superior risk-adjusted returns
across various market cycles by investing in a diversified portfolio of liquid and illiquid asset classes. The Fund seeks to capitalize
on market inefficiencies and relative value opportunities throughout the entire global credit spectrum. There can be no assurance that
the Fund will achieve its investment objective.
Interval
Fund. The Fund is designed primarily for long-term investors and not as a trading vehicle.
The Fund is an “interval fund” (defined below) pursuant to which it, subject to applicable law, will conduct quarterly repurchase
offers for between 5% and 25% of the Fund’s outstanding common shares of beneficial interest (“Shares”) at net asset
value (“NAV”). In connection with any given repurchase offer, it is expected that the Fund will offer to repurchase only the
minimum amount of 5% of its outstanding Shares. It is also possible that a repurchase offer may be oversubscribed, with the result that
holders of Shares (“Shareholders”) may only be able to have a portion of their Shares repurchased. The Fund does not currently
intend to list its Shares for trading on any national securities exchange. The Shares are, therefore, not readily marketable. Even though
the Fund will make quarterly repurchase offers to repurchase a portion of the Shares to try to provide liquidity to Shareholders, you
should consider the Shares to be illiquid.
Principal
Investment Strategies. The Fund will invest primarily in a portfolio of directly originated
loans, secured floating and fixed rate syndicated loans, corporate bonds, asset-backed securities, commercial real estate loans and other
types of credit instruments, which, under normal circumstances, will represent at least 80% of the Fund’s Managed Assets (as defined
in this prospectus). For purposes of this policy, “credit instruments” may include commercial real estate mezzanine loans,
real estate mortgages, distressed securities, notes, bills, debentures, bank loans, convertible and preferred securities, government and
municipal obligations. The Fund may also invest in foreign instruments and illiquid and restricted securities. Most
of the credit instruments in which the Fund invests will be rated below investment grade by rating agencies or would be rated below investment
grade if they were rated. Credit instruments that are rated below investment grade (commonly referred to as “high yield” securities
or “junk bonds”) are regarded as having predominantly speculative characteristics with respect to the issuer’s capacity
to pay interest and repay principal. Because of the risks associated with investing in high yield securities, an investment in the Fund
should be considered speculative. Some of the credit instruments will have no credit rating at all.
Unlisted
Closed-End Fund. An investment in the Fund is subject to, among others,
the following risks:
•
There
is not expected to be any secondary trading market in the Shares.
•
Unlike
an investor in most closed-end funds, Shareholders should not expect to be able to sell their Shares regardless of how the Fund performs.
An investment in the Fund is considered illiquid.
•
If
a Shareholder is able to sell its Shares outside the quarterly repurchase process, the Shareholder likely will receive less than their
purchase price and the then current NAV per Share.
•
Unlike
most closed-end funds, the Shares are not listed on any securities exchange. The Fund intends to provide liquidity through quarterly offers
to repurchase a limited amount of the Fund’s Shares (at least 5%).
•
There
is no assurance that monthly distributions paid by the Fund will be maintained at the targeted level or that dividends will be paid at
all.
•
The
Fund’s distributions may be funded from unlimited amounts of offering proceeds or borrowings, which may constitute a return of capital
and reduce the amount of capital available to the Fund for investment. Any capital returned to Shareholders through distributions will
be distributed after payment of fees and expenses.
•
A
return of capital to Shareholders is a return of a portion of their original investment in the Fund, thereby reducing the tax basis of
their investment. As a result from such reduction in tax basis, Shareholders may be subject to tax in connection with the sale of Fund
Shares, even if such Shares are sold at a loss relative to the Shareholder’s original investment.
•
The
Fund’s distributions may result from expense reimbursements from CION Ares Management, LLC (“CAM” or the “Advisor”),
which are subject to repayment by the Fund. Shareholders should understand that any such distributions are not based on the Fund’s
investment performance and can only be sustained if the Fund achieves positive investment performance in future periods and/or CAM continues
to make such expense reimbursements. Shareholders should also understand that the Fund’s future repayments will reduce the distributions
that a Shareholder would otherwise receive.
•
The
Fund currently employs leverage through senior secured revolving credit facilities and its outstanding Mandatory Redeemable Preferred
Shares (“MRP Shares” and, together with any other preferred shares the Fund may have outstanding, “Preferred Shares”).
The Fund intends to continue to utilize leverage and may utilize leverage to the maximum extent permitted by law for investment and other
general corporate purposes. See “Types of Investments and Related Risks — Structured Products Risks — Leverage
Risk.”
Investing in Shares involves
a high degree of risk. See “Types of Investments and Related Risks” beginning on page 34
of this prospectus.
The date of this prospectus
is April 28, 2023.
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Per Class I Share(1) |
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Total(1) |
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Public Offering Price |
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Current NAV, plus sales load |
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Unlimited |
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Sales Load(1) |
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None |
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— |
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Proceeds to Fund Before Expenses(2) |
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$ amount invested at current NAV |
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Unlimited |
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(1)
Generally,
the stated minimum initial investment by an investor in the Fund for Class I Shares is $1,000,000, which stated minimum may be reduced
for certain investors pursuant to the purchase terms (“Purchase Terms”) in the Fund’s plan of distribution (the “Plan
of Distribution”). Class I Shares are not subject to a sales load. The Fund is offering on a continuous basis an unlimited number
of Shares.
(2)
Pursuant
to an expense support and conditional reimbursement agreement, dated as of December 6, 2016, as amended and restated (the “Expense
Support and Conditional Reimbursement Agreement”), between the Fund and the Advisor, the Fund will be obligated to reimburse the
Advisor for any such payments. See “Fund Expenses.”
Structure.
The Fund does not currently intend to list its Shares for trading on any securities exchange and does not expect any secondary market
to develop for its Shares. Shareholders of the Fund are not able to have their Shares redeemed or otherwise sell their Shares on a daily
basis because the Fund is an unlisted closed-end fund. To provide some liquidity to Shareholders, the Fund is structured as an “interval
fund” and conducts periodic repurchase offers for a portion of its outstanding Shares, as described below. An investment in the
Fund is suitable only for long-term investors who can bear the risks associated with the limited liquidity of the Shares.
Investment
Advisor and Sub-Advisor. The investment advisor to the Fund is CAM, a joint venture between
affiliates of Ares Management Corporation (“Ares”) and CION Investment Group, LLC (“CION”), that is registered
as an investment advisor with the U.S. Securities and Exchange Commission (the “SEC”) under the Investment Advisers Act of
1940, as amended (the “Advisers Act”). The investment sub-advisor to the Fund is Ares Capital Management II LLC (“Ares
Capital” or the “Sub-Advisor” and collectively with the Advisor, the “Advisors”), an investment advisor
registered with the SEC under the Advisers Act. CAM oversees the management of the Fund’s activities and is responsible for making
investment decisions for the Fund’s portfolio with recommendations and support from Ares Capital.
Securities
Offered. The Fund is offering on a continuous basis an unlimited number of common shares of
beneficial interest. Class I Shares are not subject to a sales load. Class I Shares are offered by this prospectus. The Fund offers Class
A Shares, Class C Shares, Class L Shares, Class U Shares, Class U-2 Shares and Class W Shares through different prospectuses. The minimum
initial investment by a Shareholder for Class I Shares is $1,000,000, while subsequent investments may be made in any amount. The Fund
reserves the right to waive the investment minimum. Class I Shares are being offered through ALPS Distributors, Inc. (the “Distributor”)
at an offering price equal to the Fund’s then current NAV per Share.
This prospectus concisely
provides the information that a prospective investor should know about the Fund before investing. Investors are advised to read this prospectus
carefully and to retain it for future reference. Additional information about the Fund, including a statement of additional information,
dated April 28, 2023 (the “Statement of Additional Information”), has been filed with the SEC and is incorporated by reference
in its entirety into this prospectus. The Statement of Additional Information and the Fund’s annual and semi-annual reports and
other information filed with the SEC, can be obtained upon request and without charge by writing to the Fund at CION Securities, LLC,
100 Park Avenue, 25th
Floor, New York, NY 10017 or by calling toll-free 888-729-4266, and investors may also request such information or make Shareholder inquiries
by calling 888-729-4266 or by visiting www.cioninvestments.com.
In addition, the contact information provided above may be used to request additional information about the Fund and to make Shareholder
inquiries. The Statement of Additional Information, other material incorporated by reference into this prospectus and other information
about the Fund is also available on the SEC’s website at http://www.sec.gov.
The address of the SEC’s website is provided solely for the information of prospective investors and is not intended to be an active
link.
The Fund and the Advisors
have obtained exemptive relief to, among other things, (i) designate multiple classes of Shares; and (ii) impose class specific annual
asset-based distribution fees on the assets of the various classes of Shares to be used to pay for expenses incurred in fostering the
distribution of the Shares of the particular class.
Shares
are not deposits or obligations of, and are not guaranteed or endorsed by, any bank or other insured depository institution, and Shares
are not insured by the Federal Deposit Insurance Corporation, the Board of Governors of the Federal Reserve System or any other government
agency.
Neither
the SEC nor any state securities commission has approved or disapproved these securities or determined if this prospectus is truthful
or complete. Any representation to the contrary is a criminal offense.
TABLE OF CONTENTS
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1 |
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19 |
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21 |
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23 |
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24 |
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25 |
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26 |
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27 |
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34 |
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70 |
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76 |
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79 |
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81 |
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82 |
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84 |
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86 |
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93 |
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103 |
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104 |
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105 |
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109 |
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111 |
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112 |
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113 |
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SUMMARY
OF TERMS
This is only a summary and
does not contain all of the information that a prospective investor should consider before investing in the Fund. Before investing, a
prospective investor in the Fund should carefully read the more detailed information appearing elsewhere in this prospectus and the Statement
of Additional Information.
The Fund is a Delaware
statutory trust that is registered under the 1940 Act as a diversified, closed-end management investment company. The Fund is operated
as an “interval fund” (as defined below).
CAM serves as the Fund’s
investment advisor. CAM is registered as an investment advisor with the SEC under the Advisers Act.
CAM is a joint venture between
affiliates of Ares and CION and is controlled by Ares.
Ares Capital serves as
the Fund’s investment sub-advisor. Ares Capital is registered as an investment advisor with the SEC under the Advisers Act.
CAM and Ares Capital are
collectively referred to as the Advisors. CAM oversees the management of the Fund’s activities and is responsible for making investment
decisions for the Fund’s portfolio with recommendations and support from Ares Capital.
The Fund’s investment
objective is to provide superior risk-adjusted returns across various market cycles by investing in a diversified portfolio of liquid
and illiquid asset classes. The Fund seeks to capitalize on market inefficiencies and relative value opportunities throughout the entire
global credit spectrum. There can be no assurance that the Fund will achieve its investment objective.
INVESTMENT
OPPORTUNITIES
AND STRATEGIES
The Fund will invest primarily
in a portfolio of directly originated loans, secured floating and fixed rate syndicated loans, corporate bonds, asset-backed securities,
commercial real estate loans and other types of credit instruments, which, under normal circumstances, will represent at least 80% of
the Fund’s Managed Assets. For purposes of this policy, “credit instruments” may include commercial real estate mezzanine
loans, real estate mortgages, distressed securities, notes, bills, debentures, bank loans, convertible and preferred securities, government
and municipal obligations. The Fund may also invest in foreign instruments and illiquid and restricted securities. “Managed Assets”
means the total assets of the Fund (including any assets attributable to any Preferred Shares or to indebtedness) minus the Fund’s
liabilities other than liabilities relating to indebtedness.
Opportunistic,
Flexible, Untethered Credit Investments Strategy. The Advisors employ an opportunistic, flexible
and untethered global credit investments strategy based on absolute and relative value considerations, as well as analysis
of the credit markets. The Advisors seek
risk-adjusted returns over full market cycles by creating and managing a diversified portfolio across multiple industry sectors and geographic
regions. The Advisors systematically allocate capital across multiple segments of the global fixed-income markets, including U.S. and
non-U.S. credit instruments. It is anticipated that most of the Fund’s investments will be rated below investment grade or would
be rated below investment grade if they were rated. Non-investment grade fixed income securities, also known as “junk bonds”,
are considered speculative. Some of the credit instruments will have no credit rating at all. The Fund is untethered to benchmark-specific
guidelines, thereby providing the Advisors with significant latitude to invest where they see opportunities and to reduce exposure to
areas where they see less value or heightened downside risks.
Relative
Value Focus. A primary driver of the Fund’s investment strategy is a relative value focus
whereby the Advisors seek to identify market dislocations caused by, among other factors, (i) significant corporate transactional events,
such as spinoffs, mergers and acquisitions, industry consolidations, liquidations, reorganizations, bankruptcies, recapitalizations and
share buybacks and other extraordinary corporate transactions; (ii) market inefficiencies resulting from the misunderstanding by the broader
investment community of a particular company or industry, which misunderstanding results in the income of such investment reflecting a
higher risk premium or the market price of such investment reflecting a lower value than is deemed warranted by the Advisors; (iii) companies
experiencing financial stress resulting in a mispricing of their securities either because such securities pay higher income due to perceived
risk or trade at a significant discount to fair value whereby the underlying asset values limit downside risk and offer meaningful upside
potential; and (iv) sell-offs in one or more of the relevant credit markets.
Access
to Ares Transaction Flow. The Advisors intend to benefit from the market presence, scale, infrastructure
and demonstrated investment experience of Ares to gain access to transaction flow and a broad set of investment opportunities across the
non-investment grade credit spectrum. Unlike many other alternative investment managers, Ares operates in a fully integrated manner and
encourages frequent collaboration among its investment professionals. This unique approach allows Ares to draw from the collective market
insight, industry expertise, contacts and experience of its over 880 investment professionals around the world.
The Fund intends to focus
on what the Advisors believe are the broader Ares platform’s most attractive investment ideas from a risk-adjusted return standpoint
in order to achieve its investment objective. The Advisors intend to be opportunistic. As such, the Advisors have the flexibility to
invest where they see opportunities, based
on their extensive credit research expertise and analysis of the relevant credit markets, in a variety of credit instruments with varying
yield and risk profiles.
Active
Monitoring and Investing, with Bottom-Up and Top-Down Credit Analysis by Deep and Experienced Team.
The Advisors will actively construct and manage a portfolio of credit investments and, as necessary, periodically rebalance the Fund’s
allocation of assets among different types of credit investments utilizing the Advisors’ strategies to seek to optimize the Fund’s
allocation to achieve the Fund’s investment objective under the market conditions existing at such time.
With respect to each investment
opportunity, the Advisors intend to take a bottom-up and top-down approach to their credit analysis that will focus on each individual
investment as well as global macroeconomic factors and the industry in which the subject entity operates. The Advisors’ investment
process will be rigorous, proactive and continuous, and will emphasize team management. Close monitoring of each investment in the portfolio
provides the basis for making buy, sell and hold decisions. In managing the Fund’s portfolio, the Advisors will utilize their and
the broader Ares platform’s deep and experienced teams of credit specialists to analyze investments and engage in regular and periodic
monitoring of credit risk with a goal toward the early identification, and sale, of credit instruments and other investments with potential
credit problems. This monitoring process may include reviewing (i) an issuer’s financial resources and operating history; (ii) a
comparison of an issuer’s current operating results with the Advisors’ initial investment thesis for the investment and initial
expectations for the performance of the obligation; (iii) an issuer’s sensitivity to economic conditions; (iv) the performance of
an issuer’s management; (v) an issuer’s debt maturities and borrowing requirements; (vi) an issuer’s interest and asset
coverage; and (vii) the relative value of an investment based on an issuer’s anticipated cash flow or where other comparable assets
are trading in the market.
The Fund’s portfolio
will consist of some combination of the following types of investments:
Direct
Lending. The Fund may invest in first lien senior secured loans (including “unitranche”
loans, which are loans that combine both senior and mezzanine debt, generally in a first lien position), second lien senior secured loans
and mezzanine debt, which in some cases includes an equity component, of U.S. and European middle-market companies, where the Advisors
believe the supply of primary capital is limited and the investment opportunities are most attractive. These investments are typically
made to companies with annual EBITDA between $10 million and
$250 million. As used herein, EBITDA represents
net income before net interest expense, income tax expense, depreciation and amortization.
Syndicated
Corporate Loans. Senior, secured corporate loans (“Syndicated Loans”) generally
benefit from liens on collateral, are rated below-investment grade and typically pay interest at rates that are determined periodically
on the basis of a floating base lending rate, primarily the London-Interbank Offered Rate (“LIBOR”), the Secured Overnight
Financing Rate (“SOFR”), or another reference rate, plus a spread. Syndicated Loans are typically made to U.S. and, to a lesser
extent, non-U.S. corporations, partnerships, limited liability companies and other business entities (together with issuers of Corporate
Bonds (as defined below) and other debt securities, (“Borrowers”) which operate in various industries and geographical regions.
Borrowers may obtain Syndicated Loans, among other reasons, to refinance existing debt, engage in acquisitions, pay dividends, recapitalize,
complete leveraged buyouts and for general corporate purposes. Syndicated Loans rated below investment grade are sometimes referred to
as “leveraged loans”. The Fund may invest in Syndicated Loans through assignments of or, to a lesser extent, participations
in Syndicated Loans. The Fund may utilize various types of derivative instruments (“Derivatives”), including total return
swaps for the purpose of gaining exposure to Syndicated Loans.
Corporate
Bonds. An issuer of high-yield corporate bonds (“Corporate Bonds”) typically pays
the investor a fixed rate of interest and must repay the amount borrowed on or before maturity. The investment return of Corporate Bonds
reflects interest on the security and changes in the market value of the security. The market value of a Corporate Bond generally may
be expected to rise and fall inversely with interest rates. The value of intermediate- and longer-term Corporate Bonds normally fluctuates
more in response to changes in interest rates than does the value of shorter-term Corporate Bonds. The market value of a Corporate Bond
also may be affected by investors’ perceptions of the creditworthiness of the issuer, the issuer’s performance and perceptions
of the issuer in the market place. There is a risk that the issuers of Corporate Bonds may not be able to meet their obligations on interest
or principal payments at the time called for by an instrument. The Fund may utilize various types of Derivatives, including swaps, for
the purpose of gaining exposure to Corporate Bonds.
Structured
Credit. The Fund may invest in asset-backed opportunities across broad sectors such as consumer
and commercial specialty finance and corporate credit. The Fund will target investment opportunities that are directly originated and
privately negotiated that may include (i) financings secured by pools of consumer loans, commercial loans or real estate assets; (ii)
the outright
purchase of pools of consumer loans, commercial
loans or real estate assets; and (iii) debt and equity investments in U.S.-dollar-denominated collateralized loan obligations (“CLOs”)
that are primarily backed by corporate leveraged loans issued to primarily U.S. obligors (“U.S. CLOs”), as well as Euro-denominated
CLOs that are backed primarily by corporate leveraged loans issued to primarily European obligors (“European CLOs”). The investments
in the “equity” of structured credit products (including CLOs) refers to the junior-most or residual debt tranche of such
structured credit products (i.e.,
the tranche whose rights to payment are not senior to any other tranche, which does not typically receive a credit rating and is typically
not secured (and is also typically referred to as subordinated notes, income notes, preferred shares or preferred securities, or, more
generally, as “equity”)) (the “Residual Tranche”).
The CLO equity tranches
(or other similar junior tranches) and privately issued asset-backed securities in which the Fund invests may be highly leveraged, which
magnifies the Fund’s risk of loss on such investments.
Stressed
Investments. The Fund may invest in Syndicated Loans and Corporate Bonds and other obligations
of companies, referred to herein as “Stressed Issuers,” that may be in some level of financial or business distress, including
companies involved in, or that have recently completed, bankruptcy or other reorganization and liquidation proceedings. These investments
may include (i) corporate debt instruments relating to stressed and distressed industries or issuers; (ii) rescue-capital opportunities;
(iii) public and private stock issued in connection with restructurings and reorganizations or otherwise (“post-reorganization securities”);
and (iv) other opportunistic investments resulting from periods of market dislocation.
Commercial
Real Estate Loans.
Senior Mortgage Loans: These
mortgage loans are typically secured by first liens on commercial properties, including the following property types: office, multifamily,
retail, industrial, hospitality and mixed-use. In some cases, first lien mortgages may be divided into an A-Note and a B-Note. The A-Note
is typically a privately negotiated loan that is secured by a first mortgage on a commercial property or group of related properties that
is senior to a B-Note secured by the same first mortgage property or group.
Subordinated Debt: These
loans may include structurally subordinated first mortgage loans and junior participations in first mortgage loans or participations in
these types of assets. As noted above, a B-Note is typically a privately negotiated loan that is secured by a first mortgage on a commercial
property or group of related properties and is subordinated to an
A-Note secured by the same first mortgage
property or group. The subordination of a B-Note or junior participation typically is evidenced by participations or intercreditor agreements
with other holders of interests in the note. B-Notes are subject to more credit risk with respect to the underlying mortgage collateral
than the corresponding A-Note.
Preferred Equity: Real estate
preferred equity investments are subordinate to first mortgage loans and are not collateralized by the property underlying the investment.
As a holder of preferred equity, the Fund seeks to enhance its position with covenants that limit the activities of the entity in which
the Fund has an interest and protect the Fund’s equity by obtaining an exclusive right to control the underlying property after
an event of default, should such a default occur on the Fund’s investment.
Mezzanine Loans: Like B-Notes,
these loans are also subordinated, but are usually secured by a pledge of the borrower’s equity ownership in the entity that owns
the property or by a second lien mortgage on the property. In a liquidation, these loans are generally junior to any mortgage liens on
the underlying property, but senior to any preferred equity or common equity interests in the entity that owns the property. Investor
rights are usually governed by intercreditor agreements.
Other
Investment Strategies. The Fund may also invest in commercial real estate mezzanine loans, real
estate mortgages, distressed securities, notes, bills, debentures, bank loans, convertible and preferred securities, government and municipal
obligations and other credit instruments with similar economic characteristics. In addition, from time to time, the Fund may invest in
or hold common stock and other equity securities incidental to the purchase or ownership of a Syndicated Loan or Corporate Bond or in
connection with a reorganization of a borrower. The Fund may engage in short sales. The Fund may also use Derivatives to gain investment
exposure to credit instruments, to provide downside protection and to dampen volatility. Derivatives may allow the Fund to increase or
decrease the level of risk to which the Fund is exposed more quickly and efficiently than transactions in other types of instruments.
The Fund may invest in securities of other investment companies, including ETFs, to the extent that these investments are consistent with
the Fund’s investment objective, strategies and policies and permissible under the 1940 Act or any applicable exemption therefrom.
The Fund may invest in other investment companies to gain broad market or sector exposure, including during periods when it has large
amounts of uninvested cash or when the Advisors believe share prices of other investment companies offer attractive values.
Other
Characteristics
Below
Investment Grade Credit Instruments. Most of the credit instruments in which the Fund may invest
will be rated below investment grade (also known as “junk bonds”). Securities rated below investment grade are those that,
at the time of investment, are rated Ba1 or lower by Moody’s Investors Service, Inc. (“Moody’s”), or BB+ or lower
by Standard & Poor’s Corporation Ratings Group (“S&P”) or Fitch Ratings, Inc. (“Fitch”), or if unrated
are determined by the Advisors to be of comparable quality. Below investment grade securities often are regarded as having predominately
speculative characteristics with respect to an issuer’s capacity to pay interest and repay principal. In addition, lower quality
debt securities tend to be more sensitive to general economic conditions. Although many of the Fund’s investments may consist of
securities rated below investment grade, the Fund reserves the right to invest in credit instruments of any credit quality, maturity and
duration.
Foreign
Instruments. The Fund may make investments in non-U.S. entities, including issuers in emerging
markets. Emerging market countries are countries that major international financial institutions, such as the World Bank, generally consider
to be less economically mature than developed nations, such as the United States or most nations in Western Europe. Emerging market countries
can include every nation in the world except the United States, Canada, Japan, Australia, New Zealand, most countries located in Western
Europe and certain other countries. The Fund expects that its investment in non-U.S. issuers will be made primarily in U.S. dollar denominated
securities, but it reserves the right to purchase securities that are foreign currency denominated. Some non-U.S. securities may be less
liquid and more volatile than securities of comparable U.S. issuers.
Illiquid
and Restricted Securities. The Fund may invest in instruments that, at the time of investment,
are illiquid (generally, those securities that cannot be disposed of within seven days in the ordinary course of business at approximately
the value at which the Fund has valued the securities). Although the Fund may invest in such instruments without limitation, pursuant
to the requirements of the 1940 Act, the Board of Trustees (the “Board”) has adopted, and the Fund follows, procedures designed
to ensure that the Fund maintains sufficient liquidity to meet its periodic repurchase obligations as an interval fund. The Fund may also
invest, without limit, in securities that are unregistered (but are eligible for purchase and sale by certain qualified institutional
buyers) or are held by control persons of the issuer and securities that are subject to contractual restrictions on their resale.
The Fund may invest its
cash balances in money market instruments, U.S. government securities, commercial paper,
certificates of deposit, repurchase agreements
and other high-quality debt instruments maturing in one year or less, among other instruments. In addition, and in response to adverse
market, economic or political conditions, the Fund may invest in high-quality fixed income securities, money market instruments and money
market funds or may hold significant positions in cash or cash equivalents for defensive purposes.
MANAGEMENT AND INCENTIVE
FEES
Pursuant to the investment
advisory agreement, dated as of December 6, 2016 (the “Investment Advisory Agreement”), by and between the Fund and the Advisor,
and in consideration of the advisory services provided by the Advisor to the Fund, the Advisor is entitled to a fee consisting of two
components — a base management fee (the “Management Fee”) and an incentive fee (the “Incentive Fee”).
The Investment Advisory Agreement was most recently amended and restated as of May 22, 2020. Pursuant to the investment sub-advisory agreement,
dated as of December 6, 2016 (the “Investment Sub-Advisory Agreement”), by and between the Advisors and the Fund, the Advisor
pays the Sub-Advisor 40% of the Management Fee and Incentive Fee actually received and retained and not otherwise used to support expenses.
The Management Fee is calculated
and payable monthly at the annual rate of 1.25% of the average daily value of the Fund’s Managed Assets.
The Incentive Fee is calculated
and payable quarterly in arrears based upon “pre-incentive fee net investment income” attributable to each class of the Fund’s
Shares for the immediately preceding fiscal quarter, and is subject to a hurdle rate, expressed as a rate of return based on each class’s
average daily net asset value (calculated in accordance with GAAP), equal to 1.50% per quarter (or an annualized hurdle rate of 6.00%),
subject to a “catch-up” feature. For this purpose, “pre-incentive fee net investment income” means interest income,
dividend income and any other income accrued during the fiscal quarter, minus each class’s operating expenses for the quarter and
the distribution and/or shareholder servicing fees (if any) applicable to each class accrued during the fiscal quarter. For such purposes,
the Fund’s operating expenses will include the Management Fee, expenses reimbursed to CAM under the administration agreement, dated
as of December 6, 2016 (the “CAM Administration Agreement”), by and between the Fund and CAM, and any interest expense and
distributions paid on any issued and outstanding Preferred Shares, but will exclude the Incentive Fee.
The “catch-up”
provision is intended to provide the Advisor with an incentive fee of 15% on each class’s pre-incentive fee net investment income
when that class’s pre-incentive fee net investment income reaches 1.765% of the class’s average daily net asset value (calculated
in accordance with GAAP) in any fiscal quarter.
The Advisors are obligated
to pay expenses associated with providing the investment services stated in the Investment Advisory Agreement and Investment Sub-Advisory
Agreement, including compensation of and office space for their officers and employees connected with investment and economic research,
trading and investment management of the Fund.
The Board, including a majority
of the members of the Board (each, a “Trustee”) that are considered independent and are not “interested persons”
(as defined in Section 2(a)(19) of the 1940 Act) of the Fund or the Advisors (collectively, the “Independent Trustees”),
oversees and monitors the Fund’s investment performance and will periodically review the Investment Advisory Agreement and Investment
Sub-Advisory Agreement to determine, among other things, whether the fees payable under such agreements are reasonable in light of the
services provided.
The Advisor and the Fund
have entered into the Expense Support and Conditional Reimbursement Agreement under which the Advisor may voluntarily determine to reimburse
the Fund’s operating expenses to the extent that it deems appropriate in order to ensure that the Fund bears an appropriate level
of expenses. The Expense Support and Conditional Reimbursement Agreement may be renewed for additional one-year terms by the mutual agreement
of the Advisor and the Fund.
The Fund has agreed to repay
the Advisor in the amount of any Fund expenses reimbursed under the Expense Support and Conditional Reimbursement Agreement (including
any organizational, offering, or operating costs reimbursed under the original and first amended and restated expense support and conditional
reimbursement agreements (collectively, the “Expense Support and Conditional Reimbursement Agreements”)) (each such payment,
an “Expense Payment”), subject to the limitation that a reimbursement (an “Advisor Reimbursement”) will be made
only if and to the extent that (i) it is payable not more than three years from the last business day of the calendar quarter in which
the applicable Expense Payment was made by the Advisor; (ii) the Advisor Reimbursement does not cause Other Fund Operating Expenses (as
defined herein) (on an annualized basis and net of any reimbursements received by the Fund during such fiscal year) during the applicable
quarter to exceed the percentage of the Fund’s average net assets attributable to Class I Shares represented by Other Fund Operating
Expenses (on an annualized basis) during the quarter in
which the applicable Expense Payment from
the Advisor was made; and (iii) the distributions per share declared by the Fund for the applicable class at the time of the applicable
Expense Payment are less than the effective rate of distributions per share for such class at the time the Advisor Reimbursement would
be paid. See “Fund Expenses — Expense Support and Conditional Reimbursement Agreement” for additional information.
The Expense Support and Conditional Reimbursement Agreement will remain in effect at least until July 31, 2023, unless and until the Board
approves its modification or termination. This agreement may be terminated only by the Board on notice to the Advisor. See “Fund
Expenses.”
Pursuant to the CAM Administration
Agreement, CAM furnishes the Fund with office equipment and clerical, bookkeeping and record keeping services at the Fund’s office
facilities. Under the CAM Administration Agreement, the Fund is obligated to reimburse CAM, at cost, based upon the Fund’s allocable
portion of CAM’s overhead and other expenses (including travel expenses) incurred by CAM in performing its obligations under the
CAM Administration Agreement, including the Fund’s allocable portion of the compensation of certain of its officers (including but
not limited to the chief compliance officer, chief financial officer, chief accounting officer, general counsel, treasurer and assistant
treasurer) and their respective staffs. The CAM Administration Agreement may be terminated by either party without penalty upon 60 days’
written notice to the other party.
Pursuant to the administration
agreement between ALPS Fund Services, Inc. (“ALPS Fund Services”) and the Fund (the “ALPS Administration Agreement”),
ALPS Fund Services performs, or administers the performance of, certain of the Fund’s required administrative services, which include,
among other things, providing administrative assistance in accounting, legal, compliance, and operations, preparing the financial records
that the Fund is required to maintain and preparing reports to the Fund’s Shareholders and reports filed with the SEC. In addition,
ALPS Fund Services coordinates the preparation and filing of the Fund’s tax returns and generally coordinates the payment of the
Fund’s expenses and the performance of administrative and professional services rendered to the Fund.
It is also understood and
agreed that if persons associated with the Advisors or any of their affiliates, including persons who are officers of the Fund, provide
accounting, legal, clerical or administrative services to the Fund at the request of the Fund, the Fund will reimburse the Advisors and
their affiliates for their costs in providing such accounting, legal, clerical or administrative services to the Fund (which costs may
include an allocation of overhead including rent and the allocable portion of the salaries and benefits of the relevant persons and their
respective staffs, including travel expenses),
using a methodology for determining costs
approved by the Board. Nothing contained herein shall be construed to restrict the Fund’s right to hire its own employees or to
contract for services to be performed by third parties.
The Fund’s distribution
policy is to make monthly distributions to Shareholders. Distributions can only be made from net investment income after paying any accrued
dividends to holders of Preferred Shares. See “Distributions.”
The Board reserves the right
to change the distribution policy from time to time.
DIVIDEND
REINVESTMENT
PLAN
The Fund operates under
a dividend reinvestment plan (“DRP”) administered by SS&C Global Investor & Distribution Solutions, Inc. (“SS&C
GIDS, Inc.”). Pursuant to the plan, the Fund’s income dividends or capital gains or other distributions (each, a “Distribution”
and collectively, “Distributions”), net of any applicable U.S. withholding tax, are reinvested in the same class of shares
of the Fund.
Shareholders automatically
participate in the DRP, unless and until an election is made to withdraw from the plan on behalf of such participating Shareholder. A
Shareholder who does not wish to have Distributions automatically reinvested may terminate participation in the Plan at any time by written
instructions to that effect to SS&C GIDS, Inc. Shareholders who elect not to participate in the DRP will receive all distributions
in cash paid to the Shareholder of record (or, if the shares are held in street or other nominee name, then to such nominee). Such written
instructions must be received by SS&C GIDS, Inc. 30 days prior to the record date of the Distribution or the Shareholder will receive
such Distribution in shares through the DRP. Under the DRP, the Fund’s Distributions to Shareholders are reinvested in full and
fractional shares. See “Distributions — Dividend Reinvestment Plan.”
The Board has overall
responsibility for monitoring and overseeing the Fund’s management and operations. A majority of the Trustees are Independent Trustees.
See “Management of the Fund.”
The Fund’s Shares
are offered on a daily basis. Please see “Plan of Distribution” on page 101 for purchase instructions and additional information.
The minimum initial investment
for Class I Shares is $1,000,000; subsequent investments may be made in any amount. The Fund reserves the right to waive the investment
minimum. See “Distributions — Dividend Reinvestment Plan.”
ALPS Distributors, Inc.,
located at 1290 Broadway, Suite 1000, Denver, CO 80203, serves as the Fund’s principal underwriter and acts as the Distributor of
the Fund’s Shares
on a best efforts basis, subject to various
conditions. The Fund’s Shares are offered for sale through the Distributor at NAV plus the applicable sales load. The Distributor
also may enter into broker-dealer selling agreements with other broker dealers for the sale and distribution of the Fund’s Shares.
The Distributor is not required
to sell any specific number or dollar amount of the Fund’s Shares but will use its best efforts to solicit orders for the sale of
the Shares. Shares of the Fund will not be listed on any national securities exchange and the Distributor will not act as a market maker
in Fund Shares. Class I Shares are not subject to a distribution fee.
The Distributor has entered
into a wholesale marketing agreement with CION Securities, LLC (“CION Securities”), a registered broker-dealer and an affiliate
of CION. Pursuant to the terms of the wholesale marketing agreement, CION Securities will seek to market and otherwise promote the Fund
through various wholesale distribution channels, including, but not limited to, regional and independent retail broker-dealers and registered
investment advisors.
The Advisors or their affiliates,
in the Advisors’ discretion and from their own resources, may pay additional compensation to financial intermediaries and their
agents that have made arrangements with the Fund and are authorized to buy and sell shares of the Fund (collectively, “Financial
Intermediaries”) in connection with the sale of Fund Shares (the “Additional Compensation”). In return for the Additional
Compensation, the Fund may receive certain marketing advantages including access to a broker’s or dealer’s registered representatives,
placement on a list of investment options offered by a broker or dealer, or the ability to assist in training and educating the broker’s
or dealer’s registered representatives. The Additional Compensation may differ among brokers or dealers in amount or in the amount
of calculation. Payments of Additional Compensation may be fixed dollar amounts or, based on the aggregate value of outstanding Shares
held by Shareholders introduced by the broker or dealer, or determined in some other manner. The receipt of Additional Compensation by
a selling broker or dealer may create potential conflicts of interest between an investor and its broker or dealer who is recommending
the fund over other potential investments.
ERISA
PLANS AND OTHER
TAX-EXEMPT ENTITIES
Investors subject to the
Employee Retirement Income Security Act of 1974, as amended (“ERISA”), and other tax-exempt entities, including employee benefit
plans, individual retirement accounts (“IRAs”), 401(k) plans and Keogh plans, may purchase Shares. Because the Fund is registered
as an investment company under the 1940 Act, the underlying assets of the Fund will not be considered to be “plan assets”
of the ERISA plans investing in the Fund for
purposes of ERISA’s fiduciary responsibility
and prohibited transaction rules. Thus, none of the Fund or the Advisors will be a fiduciary within the meaning of ERISA with respect
to the assets of any ERISA plan that becomes a Shareholder, solely as a result of the ERISA plan’s investment in the Fund. See “ERISA
Considerations.”
UNLISTED CLOSED-END
INTERVAL FUND STRUCTURE
The Fund has been organized
as a continuously offered, diversified closed-end management investment company. Closed-end funds differ from open-end funds (commonly
known as mutual funds) in that investors in closed-end funds do not have the right to redeem their shares on a daily basis. Unlike most
closed-end funds, which typically list their shares on a securities exchange, the Fund does not currently intend to list the Shares for
trading on any securities exchange, and the Fund does not expect any secondary market to develop for the Shares in the foreseeable future.
Therefore, an investment in the Fund, unlike an investment in a typical closed-end fund, is not a liquid investment. To provide some liquidity
to Shareholders, the Fund will be structured as an “interval fund” and conduct quarterly repurchase offers for a limited amount
of the Fund’s Shares (at least 5%).
The Fund believes that an
unlisted closed-end structure is most appropriate for the long-term nature of the Fund’s strategy. With event-driven strategies
or similar types of investments, the ability to hold positions — through all manner of market environments — until
the occurrence of the anticipated event or catalyst that unlocks value is crucial. Features that interfere with this ability (such as
daily redemptions permitted by open-end funds that can require the premature sale of investments) could impair the Fund’s ability
to execute its investment strategy. Accordingly, an unlisted closed-end structure helps the Fund achieve its investment objective. The
Fund’s NAV per Share may be volatile. As the Shares are not traded, investors will not be able to dispose of their investment in
the Fund no matter how poorly the Fund performs. Because exchange-traded closed-end funds also do not redeem Shares, they also could execute
the Fund’s buy-and-hold strategy. Because an exchange-traded closed-end fund’s shares can trade at a discount to NAV, they
may present a more attractive opportunity to investors.
The Fund currently offers
seven different classes of Shares: Class A, Class C, Class I, Class L, Class U, Class U-2 and Class W Shares. The Fund began continuously
offering its Shares on January 3, 2017. As of July 11, 2017, the Fund simultaneously redesignated its issued and outstanding Shares as
Class A Shares and created its Class C, Class I and Class L Shares. As of December 4, 2018, the Fund created its Class U and Class W Shares.
As of March 31, 2020, the Fund created its Class U-2 Shares. An investment in any Share class of the Fund represents an investment in
the same
assets of the Fund. However, the purchase
restrictions and ongoing fees and expenses for each Share class are different. The fees and expenses for the Fund are set forth in “Summary
of Fees and Expenses.” If you have hired an intermediary and are eligible to invest in more than one class of Shares, the intermediary
may help determine which Share class is appropriate for you. When selecting a Share class, you should consider which Share classes are
available to you, how much you intend to invest, how long you expect to own Shares, and the total costs and expenses associated with a
particular Share class. The Fund offers Class A Shares, Class C Shares, Class L Shares, Class U Shares, Class U-2 Shares and Class W Shares
through different prospectuses.
Each investor’s financial
considerations are different. You should speak with your financial advisor to help you decide which Share class is best for you. Not all
Financial Intermediaries offer all classes of Shares. If your Financial Intermediary offers more than one class of Shares, you should
carefully consider which class of Shares to purchase.
The Board has designated
the Advisor as the Fund’s valuation designee for purposes of Rule 2a-5 under the 1940 Act. The Advisor is responsible for the valuation
of the Fund’s portfolio investments for which market quotations are not readily available, as determined in good faith pursuant
to the Advisor’s valuation policy and consistently applied valuation process. Pursuant to the portfolio valuation process set forth
in the Advisor’s valuation policy, the Advisor utilizes independent third-party pricing services and independent third-party valuation
services. Portfolio securities and other assets for which market quotes are readily available are valued at market value. In circumstances
where market quotes are not readily available, the Advisor has adopted methods for determining the fair value of such securities and other
assets. The Fund utilizes the Fund’s NAV per Fund Share, as determined by the Fund in accordance with the methodology described
in the Advisor’s valuation policy, in determining the Fund’s NAV per Share. Valuations of Fund investments are disclosed in
reports publicly filed with the SEC.
The Advisor will provide
the Board with periodic reports, no less than quarterly, that discuss the functioning of the valuation process, if applicable to that
period, and that identify issues and valuation problems that have arisen, if any. See “Determination of Net Asset Value.”
The Shares have no history
of public trading, nor is it intended that the Shares will be listed on a public exchange at this time. No secondary market is expected
to develop for the Fund’s Shares.
The Fund is an “interval
fund,” a type of fund which, to provide some liquidity to Shareholders, makes quarterly offers to repurchase between 5% and 25%
of its outstanding
Shares at NAV, pursuant to Rule 23c-3 under
the 1940 Act, unless such offer is suspended or postponed in accordance with regulatory requirements (as discussed below). In connection
with any given repurchase offer, it is expected the Fund will offer to repurchase only the minimum amount of 5% of its outstanding Shares.
Quarterly repurchases occur in the months of March, June, September and December. The offer to purchase Shares is a fundamental policy
that may not be changed without the vote of the holders of a majority of the Fund’s outstanding voting securities (as defined in
the 1940 Act). Written notification of each quarterly repurchase offer (the “Repurchase Offer Notice”) is sent to Shareholders
at least 21 calendar days before the repurchase request deadline (i.e.,
the date by which Shareholders can tender their Shares in response to a repurchase offer) (the “Repurchase Request Deadline”).
The Fund expects to determine the NAV applicable to repurchases on the Repurchase Request Deadline. However, the NAV will be calculated
no later than the 14th calendar day (or the next business day if the 14th calendar day is not a business day) after the Repurchase Request
Deadline (the “Repurchase Pricing Date”). The Fund expects to distribute payment to Shareholders between one and three business
days after the Repurchase Pricing Date and will distribute such payment no later than seven calendar days after such Date. The Fund’s
Shares are not listed on any securities exchange, and the Fund anticipates that no secondary market will develop for its Shares. Accordingly,
you may not be able to sell Shares when and/or in the amount that you desire. Thus, the Shares are appropriate only as a long-term investment.
In addition, the Fund’s repurchase offers may subject the Fund and Shareholders to special risks. See “Types of Investments
and Related Risks — Repurchase Offers Risks.”
The Fund has elected to
be treated for U.S. federal income tax purposes, and intends to qualify annually, as a regulated investment company (“RIC”)
under Subchapter M of the Internal Revenue Code of 1986, as amended (the “Code”). As a RIC, the Fund generally will not be
subject to corporate-level U.S. federal income taxes on any net ordinary income or capital gains that is currently distributed as dividends
for U.S. federal income tax purposes to Shareholders, as applicable. To qualify and maintain its qualification as a RIC for U.S. federal
income tax purposes, the Fund is required to meet certain specified source-of-income and asset diversification requirements and is required
to distribute dividends for U.S. federal income tax purposes of an amount at least equal to 90% of the sum of its net ordinary income
and realized net short-term capital gains in excess of realized net long-term capital losses each tax year to Shareholders, as applicable.
See “Distributions” and “Tax Aspects.”
For accounting purposes,
the Fund’s fiscal year is the 12-month period ending on December 31.
As soon as practicable
after the end of each calendar year, a statement on Form 1099-DIV identifying the sources of the distributions paid by the Fund to Shareholders
for tax purposes will be furnished to Shareholders subject to Internal Revenue Service (“IRS”) reporting. In addition, the
Fund will prepare and transmit to Shareholders an unaudited semi-annual and an audited annual report within 60 days after the close of
the period for which the report is being made, or as otherwise required by the 1940 Act.
Investing in the Fund
involves risks, including the risk that a Shareholder may receive little or no return on their investment or that a Shareholder may lose
part or all of their investment. Below is a summary of some of the principal risks of investing in the Fund. For a more complete discussion
of the risks of investing in the Fund, see “Types of Investments and Related Risks.” Shareholders should consider carefully
the following principal risks before investing in the Fund:
•
Unlike
most closed-end funds, the Fund’s Shares will not be listed on any securities exchange;
•
Although
the Fund intends to implement a quarterly share repurchase program, there is no guarantee that an investor will be able to sell all of
the Shares that the investor desires to sell. The Fund should therefore be considered to offer limited liquidity;
•
The
capital markets may experience periods of disruption and instability. Such market conditions may materially and adversely affect debt
and equity capital markets, which may have a negative impact on the Fund’s business and operations;
•
If
a Shareholder is able to sell its Shares, the Shareholder likely will receive less than its purchase price and the then current NAV per
Share;
•
The
Fund’s distributions may be funded from offering proceeds or borrowings, which may constitute a return of capital and reduce the
amount of capital available to the Fund for investment. Any capital returned to Shareholders through distributions will be distributed
after payment of fees and expenses;
•
A
return of capital to Shareholders is a return of a portion of their original investment in the Fund, thereby reducing the tax basis of
their investment. As a result from such reduction in tax basis, Shareholders may be subject to tax in connection with the sale of Fund
Shares, even if such Shares are sold at a loss relative to the Shareholder’s original investment;
•
The
Fund’s investments in securities and other obligations of companies that are experiencing
distress involve a substantial degree of
risk, require a high level of analytical sophistication for successful investment, and require active monitoring;
•
Below
investment grade instruments (also known as “junk bonds”) have predominantly speculative characteristics and may be particularly
susceptible to economic downturns, which could cause losses;
•
Certain
investments may be exposed to the credit risk of the counterparties with whom the Fund deals;
•
The
valuation of securities or instruments that lack a central trading place (such as fixed-income securities or instruments) may carry greater
risk than those that trade on an exchange;
•
It
is expected that most of the securities and instruments held by the Fund will not trade on an exchange;
•
The
value of convertible securities may be adversely affected by changes in interest rates, as well as the market price and volatility of
the underlying security;
•
Derivative
investments have risks, including the imperfect correlation between the value of such instruments and the underlying assets of the Fund;
•
The
Fund may be materially adversely affected by market, economic and political conditions, public health emergencies (e.g. the coronavirus
outbreak, epidemics and other pandemics), wars and supply chain disruptions, globally and in the jurisdictions and sectors in which the
Fund invests;
•
Non-U.S.
securities may be traded in undeveloped, inefficient and less liquid markets and may experience greater price volatility and changes in
value;
•
Changes
in foreign currency exchange rates may adversely affect the U.S. dollar value of and returns on foreign denominated investments;
•
Credit
intermediation involving entities and activities outside the regular banking system (i.e.,
the “shadow banking system” in Europe) could result in increased regulatory and operating costs, which could adversely affect
the implementation of the Fund’s investment strategies, income and returns;
•
U.S.
and global markets recently have experienced increased volatility and inflation;
•
Legal and regulatory changes could
occur, which may materially adversely affect the Fund;
•
The
Fund is a diversified, closed-end investment company;
•
The
Fund’s ability to grow depends on its ability to raise capital;
•
The
Fund may borrow money, including through the use of Preferred Shares, which magnifies the potential for gain or loss on amounts invested,
subjects the Fund to certain covenants with which it must comply and may increase the risk of investing with the Fund;
•
The
Fund operates in a highly competitive market for investment opportunities;
•
The
Fund is exposed to risks associated with changes in interest rates;
•
The
Fund’s financial condition and results of operations could be negatively affected if a significant investment fails to perform as
expected;
•
There
are significant and potential conflicts of interest that could impact the Fund’s investment returns;
•
To
qualify and remain eligible for the special tax treatment accorded to RICs and their shareholders under the Code, the Fund must meet certain
source-of-income, asset diversification and annual distribution requirements, and failure to do so could result in the loss of RIC status.
Accordingly, the Fund
should be considered a speculative investment that entails substantial risks, and a prospective investor should invest in the Fund only
if they can sustain a complete loss of their investment.
SUMMARY
OF FEES AND EXPENSES
The
following table illustrates the aggregate fees and expenses that the Fund expects to incur and that Shareholders can expect to bear directly
or indirectly.
SHAREHOLDER
TRANSACTION EXPENSES |
|
|
I
Share |
|
Maximum sales
load imposed on purchases |
|
|
|
|
None |
|
|
Maximum contingent
deferred sales charge |
|
|
|
|
None |
|
|
ANNUAL
FUND EXPENSES(1) |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
(as
a percentage of projected average net assets attributable to Shares) |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Management fee(2)
|
|
|
|
|
1.79 |
% |
|
Incentive fee(3)
|
|
|
|
|
1.30 |
% |
|
Interest payments
on borrowed funds(4) |
|
|
|
|
1.84 |
% |
|
Other
expenses(5) |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Shareholder servicing
fee |
|
|
|
|
None |
|
|
Distribution fee
|
|
|
|
|
None |
|
|
Remaining other
expenses |
|
|
|
|
0.54 |
% |
|
Total annual
fund expenses |
|
|
|
|
5.47 |
% |
|
(1)
This
table assumes that the Fund borrows money for investment purposes at an average amount of 42.60% of its net assets (the actual average
amount of its borrowings, including outstanding Preferred Shares, during the twelve-month period ended March 31, 2023).
(2)
The
Management Fee paid by the Fund is calculated at the annual rate of 1.25% of the average daily value of the Fund’s Managed Assets
which includes assets purchased with borrowed money. The table above assumes that the Fund borrows money for investment purposes at an
average amount of 42.60% of its net assets (the actual average amount of its borrowings, including outstanding Preferred Shares, during
the twelve-month period ended March 31, 2023). The Management Fee estimate in the table is greater than 1.25% since it is computed
as a percentage of the Fund’s net assets for presentation therein. In addition, if the Fund’s leverage exceeds this 42.60%
borrowings-to-net assets ratio through additional borrowings (including the issuance of additional Preferred Shares), then the Management
Fee in relation to its net assets would be higher than the estimate presented in the table.
(3)
The
Fund anticipates that it may have interest income that could result in the payment of an Incentive Fee to the Advisor during certain periods.
However, the Incentive Fee is based on the Fund’s performance and will not be paid unless the Fund achieves certain performance
targets. The Fund expects the Incentive Fee the Fund pays to increase to the extent the Fund earns greater interest income through its
investments. The Incentive Fee is calculated and payable quarterly in arrears based upon “pre-incentive fee net investment income”
attributable to each class of the Fund’s Shares for the immediately preceding fiscal quarter, and is subject to a hurdle rate, expressed
as a rate of return on each class’s average daily net asset value (calculated in accordance with GAAP), equal to 1.50% per quarter,
or an annualized hurdle rate of 6.00%, subject to a “catch-up” feature. The amount presented in this table reflects the Incentive
Fee incurred as a percent of average net assets for the twelve-month period ended March 31, 2023. See “Management and
Incentive Fees” for a full explanation of how the Incentive Fee is calculated.
(4)
The
amount shown in the table above is based on the assumption that the Fund borrows money for investment purposes at an average amount of
42.60% of its net assets (the actual average amount of its borrowings, including outstanding Preferred Shares, during the twelve-month
period ended March 31, 2023), at an estimated annual interest rate cost to the Fund of 4.34%, which is the weighted average interest
rate cost during the twelve-month period ended March 31, 2023, including dividends payable on the Fund’s MRP Shares, which,
in the aggregate, have an average interest rate of 2.98% per annum
as
of March 31, 2023. The actual amount of interest expense borne by the Fund will vary over time in accordance with the level of the
Fund’s use of borrowings and/or Preferred Shares and variations in market interest rates. See “Investment Objective, Opportunities
and Strategies — Leverage.”
(5)
Other
expenses include accounting, legal and auditing fees of the Fund, and offering costs, as well as the reimbursement of the compensation
of administrative personnel and fees payable to the Independent Trustees. The amount presented in the table is estimated for the twelve-month
period beginning April 1, 2023 based on amounts incurred in the twelve-month period ended March 31, 2023.
Example:
The
following example demonstrates the projected dollar amount of total expenses that would be incurred over various periods with respect
to a hypothetical investment in Shares. In calculating the following expense amounts, the Fund has assumed its direct and indirect annual
operating expenses would remain at the percentage levels set forth in the table above and do not include any expense support from
the Advisor.
An
investor would pay the following expenses on a $1,000 investment, assuming a 5.0% annual return:
Share Class
|
|
|
1
Year |
|
|
3
Years |
|
|
5
Years |
|
|
10
Years |
|
Class I
|
|
|
|
$ |
55 |
|
|
|
|
$ |
163 |
|
|
|
|
$ |
270 |
|
|
|
|
$ |
534 |
|
|
The
example and the expenses in the tables above should not be considered a representation of the Fund’s future expenses, and actual
expenses may be greater or less than those shown. While the example assumes a 5.0% annual return,
as required by the SEC, the Fund’s performance will vary and may result in a return greater or less than 5.0%. For a more complete
description of the various fees and expenses borne directly and indirectly by the Fund, see “Fund Expenses” and “Management
and Incentive Fees.”
FINANCIAL
HIGHLIGHTS
The
financial highlights table is intended to help you understand the Fund’s financial performance. The information for the fiscal years
and/or periods ended 2022, 2021, 2020, 2019 and 2018 has been derived from the Fund’s financial statements, which have been audited
by Ernst & Young LLP, an independent registered public accounting firm, whose report, along with this information and additional Fund
performance and portfolio information, appears in the Fund’s Annual Report dated December 31, 2022. To request the Fund’s
Annual Report, please call 888-729-4266. The table below sets forth financial data for one Class I Share throughout the periods presented.
CION
Ares Diversified Credit Fund
Financial Highlights
(in
thousands, except per share data, percentages and as otherwise noted)
|
|
|
For the Year
Ended December 31, 2022 |
|
|
For the Year
Ended December 31, 2021 |
|
|
For the Year
Ended December 31, 2020 |
|
|
For the Period
Ended December 31, 2019* |
|
|
For the Year
Ended October 31, 2019 |
|
|
For the Year
Ended October 31, 2018 |
|
|
For the Period
from July 12, 2017 (commencement of operations) to October 31, 2017 |
|
Class I |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Per
share data: |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Net
asset value, beginning of period |
|
|
|
$ |
26.01 |
|
|
|
|
$ |
25.22 |
|
|
|
|
$ |
25.93 |
|
|
|
|
$ |
25.44 |
|
|
|
|
$ |
25.80 |
|
|
|
|
$ |
25.25 |
|
|
|
|
$ |
24.95 |
|
|
Income
from investment operations: |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Net investment
income(a) |
|
|
|
|
1.73 |
|
|
|
|
|
1.62 |
|
|
|
|
|
1.49 |
|
|
|
|
|
0.23 |
|
|
|
|
|
1.39 |
|
|
|
|
|
1.52 |
|
|
|
|
|
0.40 |
|
|
Net
realized and unrealized gains (losses) |
|
|
|
|
(2.14) |
|
|
|
|
|
0.56 |
|
|
|
|
|
(0.80) |
|
|
|
|
|
0.49 |
|
|
|
|
|
(0.36) |
|
|
|
|
|
0.42 |
|
|
|
|
|
0.32 |
|
|
Total
income (loss) from investment operations |
|
|
|
|
(0.41) |
|
|
|
|
|
2.18 |
|
|
|
|
|
0.69 |
|
|
|
|
|
0.72 |
|
|
|
|
|
1.03 |
|
|
|
|
|
1.94 |
|
|
|
|
|
0.72 |
|
|
Less
distributions declared to shareholders: |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
From
net investment income |
|
|
|
|
(1.48) |
|
|
|
|
|
(1.39) |
|
|
|
|
|
(1.40) |
|
|
|
|
|
(0.23) |
|
|
|
|
|
(1.39) |
|
|
|
|
|
(1.39) |
|
|
|
|
|
(0.40) |
|
|
From
net realized gains on investments |
|
|
|
|
— |
|
|
|
|
|
— |
|
|
|
|
|
— |
|
|
|
|
|
— |
|
|
|
|
|
— |
|
|
|
|
|
— |
|
|
|
|
|
(0.01) |
|
|
From
net unrealized gains on investments and foreign currency |
|
|
|
|
— |
|
|
|
|
|
— |
|
|
|
|
|
— |
|
|
|
|
|
— |
|
|
|
|
|
— |
|
|
|
|
|
— |
|
|
|
|
|
(0.01) |
|
|
Total distributions
|
|
|
|
|
(1.48) |
|
|
|
|
|
(1.39) |
|
|
|
|
|
(1.40) |
|
|
|
|
|
(0.23) |
|
|
|
|
|
(1.39) |
|
|
|
|
|
(1.39) |
|
|
|
|
|
(0.42) |
|
|
Net
asset value, end of period |
|
|
|
$ |
24.12 |
|
|
|
|
$ |
26.01 |
|
|
|
|
$ |
25.22 |
|
|
|
|
$ |
25.93 |
|
|
|
|
$ |
25.44 |
|
|
|
|
$ |
25.80 |
|
|
|
|
$ |
25.25 |
|
|
Total
return, excluding expense support(b)
|
|
|
|
|
(1.62)% |
|
|
|
|
|
8.90% |
|
|
|
|
|
3.55% |
|
|
|
|
|
2.88%(c) |
|
|
|
|
|
4.78% |
|
|
|
|
|
(2.19)% |
|
|
|
|
|
(2.49)%(c) |
|
|
Total
return, including expense support(d)
|
|
|
|
|
(1.62)% |
|
|
|
|
|
8.87% |
|
|
|
|
|
3.12% |
|
|
|
|
|
2.86%(c) |
|
|
|
|
|
4.10% |
|
|
|
|
|
7.91% |
|
|
|
|
|
2.95%(c) |
|
|
Ratios
to average net assets/ supplemental data: |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Net assets,
end of period |
|
|
|
$ |
1,819,625 |
|
|
|
|
$ |
1,339,092 |
|
|
|
|
$ |
603,536 |
|
|
|
|
$ |
354,144 |
|
|
|
|
$ |
298,481 |
|
|
|
|
$ |
111,705 |
|
|
|
|
$ |
6,048 |
|
|
Including
interest expense: |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Expenses,
excluding expense support(e)(h)
|
|
|
|
|
4.87%(i) |
|
|
|
|
|
3.25%(i) |
|
|
|
|
|
3.50% |
|
|
|
|
|
3.74%(f) |
|
|
|
|
|
3.87% |
|
|
|
|
|
5.73% |
|
|
|
|
|
18.62%(f) |
|
|
Expenses,
including expense support(e)(g)(h)
|
|
|
|
|
4.87%(i) |
|
|
|
|
|
3.28%(i) |
|
|
|
|
|
3.93% |
|
|
|
|
|
3.87%(f) |
|
|
|
|
|
4.55% |
|
|
|
|
|
0.34% |
|
|
|
|
|
0.00%(f) |
|
|
Excluding
interest expense: |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Expenses,
excluding expense support(h)
|
|
|
|
|
3.32% |
|
|
|
|
|
2.56% |
|
|
|
|
|
2.97% |
|
|
|
|
|
3.06%(f) |
|
|
|
|
|
3.17% |
|
|
|
|
|
5.71% |
|
|
|
|
|
18.62%(f) |
|
|
|
|
|
For the Year
Ended December 31, 2022 |
|
|
For the Year
Ended December 31, 2021 |
|
|
For the Year
Ended December 31, 2020 |
|
|
For the Period
Ended December 31, 2019* |
|
|
For the Year
Ended October 31, 2019 |
|
|
For the Year
Ended October 31, 2018 |
|
|
For the Period
from July 12, 2017 (commencement of operations) to October 31, 2017 |
|
Expenses,
including expense support(g)(h)
|
|
|
|
|
3.32% |
|
|
|
|
|
2.59% |
|
|
|
|
|
3.39% |
|
|
|
|
|
3.19%(f) |
|
|
|
|
|
3.85% |
|
|
|
|
|
0.32% |
|
|
|
|
|
0.00%(f) |
|
|
Net investment
income(e) |
|
|
|
|
6.92% |
|
|
|
|
|
6.34% |
|
|
|
|
|
6.24% |
|
|
|
|
|
5.44%(f) |
|
|
|
|
|
5.38% |
|
|
|
|
|
5.91% |
|
|
|
|
|
5.19%(f) |
|
|
Portfolio turnover
rate |
|
|
|
|
38.16% |
|
|
|
|
|
43.72% |
|
|
|
|
|
59.77% |
|
|
|
|
|
5.42%(c) |
|
|
|
|
|
63.58% |
|
|
|
|
|
28.36% |
|
|
|
|
|
164.09%(c) |
|
|
*
For
the two month period ended December 31, 2019.
(a)
Per
share net investment income has been calculated using the average shares outstanding during the period.
(b)
Based
on net asset value per share. Distributions, if any, are assumed for purposes of this calculation to be reinvested at prices obtained
under the Fund’s Dividend Reinvestment Plan. Total Return is not annualized for periods less than one year. Total return excludes
expense support provided or recouped by the Advisor.
(c)
Not
annualized.
(d)
Based
on net asset value per share. Distributions, if any, are assumed for purposes of this calculation to be reinvested at prices obtained
under the Fund’s Dividend Reinvestment Plan. Total Return is not annualized for periods less than one year. Total return includes
expense support provided or (recouped) by the Advisor.
(e)
Includes
organizational and offering costs.
(f)
Annualized,
except for certain non-recurring costs.
(g)
Includes
expense support provided or recouped by the Advisor.
(h)
For
the year ended December 31, 2022, the ratio of operating expenses to average net assets consisted of 1.78% of base management fees,
0.95% of incentive fee, 1.55% of the cost of borrowing and 0.59% of other operating expenses. For the year ended December 31, 2021,
the ratio of operating expenses to average net assets consisted of 1.60% of base management fees, 0.33% of incentive fees, 0.69% of the
cost of borrowing, 0.03% of net expense support and 0.63% of other operating expenses. For the year ended December 31, 2020, the
ratio of operating expenses to average net assets consisted of 1.59% of base management fees, 0.25% of incentive fee, 0.53% of the cost
of borrowing, 0.43% of net expense support and 1.14% of other operating expenses. For the period ended December 31, 2019, the ratio
of operating expenses to average net assets consisted of 1.56% of base management fees, 0.68% of the cost of borrowing, 0.13% of net expense
support and 1.51% of other operating expenses. For the year ended October 31, 2019, the ratio of operating expenses to average net
assets consisted of 1.48% of base management fees, 0.71% of the cost of borrowing, 0.68% of net expense support and 1.68% of other operating
expenses. For the year ended October 31, 2018, the ratio of operating expenses to average net assets consisted of 1.49% of base management
fees, 0.00% of the cost of borrowing, (4.79)% of net expense support and 3.64% of other operating expenses. For the period ended October 31,
2017, the ratio of operating expenses to average net assets consisted of 1.49% of base management fees, 0.00% of the cost of borrowing,
(29.81)% of net expense support and 28.33% of other operating expenses.
(i)
Includes
stated dividends and amortization of deferred issuance costs on the MRP Shares.
SENIOR
SECURITIES
Information
about the Fund’s senior securities as of December 31, 2022, December 31, 2021, December 31, 2020, December 31, 2019 and October
31, 2019 is shown in the following table. There were no senior securities outstanding as of October 31, 2018 or October 31, 2017. The
information contained in the following table is derived from the Fund’s Annual Report dated December 31, 2022.
Class and Period
Ended |
|
|
Total Amount Outstanding Exclusive
of Treasury Securities(1) (in
thousands) |
|
|
Asset Coverage Per
Unit(2) ($)
|
|
|
Involuntary Liquidating Preference per
Unit(3)
|
|
|
Average Market Value per
Unit(4)
|
|
Revolving
Credit Facility (Wells Fargo Bank, N.A.) |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
December 31, 2022
|
|
|
|
$ |
348,844 |
|
|
|
|
|
5,299 |
|
|
|
|
|
— |
|
|
|
|
|
N/A |
|
|
December 31, 2021
|
|
|
|
$ |
225,664 |
|
|
|
|
|
6,461 |
|
|
|
|
|
— |
|
|
|
|
|
N/A |
|
|
December 31, 2020
|
|
|
|
$ |
77,025 |
|
|
|
|
|
6,233 |
|
|
|
|
|
— |
|
|
|
|
|
N/A |
|
|
December 31, 2019
|
|
|
|
$ |
19,054 |
|
|
|
|
|
5,383 |
|
|
|
|
|
— |
|
|
|
|
|
N/A |
|
|
October 31, 2019
|
|
|
|
$ |
19,397 |
|
|
|
|
|
3,847 |
|
|
|
|
|
— |
|
|
|
|
|
N/A |
|
|
Revolving
Credit Facility (State Street Bank and Trust Company) |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
December 31, 2022
|
|
|
|
$ |
317,201 |
|
|
|
|
|
5,299 |
|
|
|
|
|
— |
|
|
|
|
|
N/A |
|
|
December 31, 2021
|
|
|
|
$ |
176,803 |
|
|
|
|
|
6,461 |
|
|
|
|
|
— |
|
|
|
|
|
N/A |
|
|
December 31, 2020
|
|
|
|
$ |
111,283 |
|
|
|
|
|
6,233 |
|
|
|
|
|
— |
|
|
|
|
|
N/A |
|
|
December 31, 2019
|
|
|
|
$ |
110,387 |
|
|
|
|
|
5,383 |
|
|
|
|
|
— |
|
|
|
|
|
N/A |
|
|
October 31, 2019
|
|
|
|
$ |
144,357 |
|
|
|
|
|
3,847 |
|
|
|
|
|
— |
|
|
|
|
|
N/A |
|
|
Mandatory
Redeemable Preferred Shares* |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
December 31, 2022
|
|
|
|
$ |
420,000 |
|
|
|
|
|
81.52 |
|
|
|
|
$ |
25.00 |
|
|
|
|
|
N/A |
|
|
December 31, 2021
|
|
|
|
$ |
300,000 |
|
|
|
|
|
93.11 |
|
|
|
|
$ |
25.00 |
|
|
|
|
|
N/A |
|
|
*
There
were no mandatory redeemable preferred shares outstanding as of December 31, 2020, December 31, 2019 and October 31, 2019.
(1)
Total
amount of each class of senior securities outstanding at principal value at the end of the period presented.
(2)
The
asset coverage ratio for a class of senior securities representing indebtedness is calculated as our consolidated total assets, less all
liabilities and indebtedness not represented by senior securities, divided by total senior securities representing indebtedness as calculated
separately for each of the Preferred Shares and the credit facilities in accordance with Section 18(h) of the 1940 Act. With respect to
the Preferred Shares, the asset coverage per unit figure is expressed in terms of dollar amounts per share of outstanding Preferred Shares
(based on a per share liquidation preference of $25). With respect to the credit facilities, the asset coverage ratio is multiplied by
$1,000 to determine the “Asset Coverage Per Unit”.
(3)
The
amount to which such class of senior security would be entitled upon our involuntary liquidation in preference to any security junior
to it. The “—” in this column indicates that the SEC expressly does not require this information to be disclosed for
certain types of senior securities.
(4)
Not
applicable to senior securities outstanding as of period end.
THE
FUND
The
Fund is a diversified, closed-end management investment company that is registered under the 1940 Act. The Fund is structured as an “interval
fund” and continuously offers its Shares. The Fund was organized as a Delaware statutory trust on June 21, 2016. The principal
office of the Fund is located at 100 Park Avenue, 25th Floor, New York, NY 10017 and its telephone number is 212-418-4700.
The
Fund’s investment objective is to provide superior risk-adjusted returns across various market cycles by investing in a diversified
portfolio of liquid and illiquid asset classes. The Fund seeks to capitalize on market inefficiencies and relative value opportunities
throughout the entire global credit spectrum.
The
Fund invests primarily in a portfolio of directly originated loans, secured floating and fixed rate syndicated loans, corporate bonds,
asset-backed securities, commercial real estate loans and other types of credit instruments, which, under normal circumstances, will represent
at least 80% of the Fund’s Managed Assets. In addition, the Fund invests primarily in those countries where creditors’ rights
are protected by law, such as countries in North America and Western Europe, although in select situations the Fund may invest in securities
of issuers domiciled elsewhere. The geographic areas of focus are subject to change from time to time and may be changed without notice
to Shareholders. There is no minimum or maximum limit on the amount of the Fund’s assets that may be invested in non-U.S. securities.
The
Fund seeks to achieve its investment objective by employing an opportunistic, dynamic and untethered global credit investments strategy
based on absolute and relative value considerations and its analysis of credit markets. It seeks risk-adjusted returns over full market
cycles by creating and managing a portfolio with balanced exposures to multiple industry sectors and geographic regions, systematically
allocating capital across multiple segments of the global fixed-income markets, including U.S. and non-U.S. credit instruments. For a
further discussion of the Fund’s principal investment strategies, see “Investment Objective, Opportunities and Strategies.”
There can be no assurance that the Fund will achieve its investment objective.
The
Fund’s investment advisor is CAM. Ares Capital is the Fund’s investment sub-advisor. CAM oversees the management of the Fund’s
activities and is responsible for making investment decisions for the Fund’s portfolio with recommendations and support from Ares
Capital. See “The Advisor and Sub-Advisor.” Responsibility for monitoring and overseeing the Fund’s investment program,
management and operation is vested in the individuals who serve on the Board.
THE
ADVISOR AND SUB-ADVISOR
CAM,
an investment advisor registered with the SEC under the Advisers Act, serves as the Advisor. CAM is a joint venture between affiliates
of Ares and CION and is controlled by Ares.
CION
is a leading manager of alternative investment solutions that focuses on alternative credit strategies for individual investors. CION
manages CION Investment Corporation (“CIC”), a leading publicly traded business development company with approximately $1.9 billion
in total assets as of December 31, 2022, and sponsors, through CAM, the Fund. Its affiliated broker-dealer, CION Securities, provides
distribution services and has entered into a wholesale marketing agreement with the Distributor and a dealer manager agreement with the
Fund. The dealer manager arrangement is applicable only to certain share classes of the Fund.
Ares
Capital, an investment advisor registered with the SEC under the Advisers Act, serves as the Sub-Advisor. Ares is a publicly traded, leading
global alternative investment manager with over 2,550 employees. Ares had approximately $352.0 billion in assets under management
(“AUM”) as of December 31, 2022, of which approximately $214.2 billion was related to its credit business, across
a diverse platform that it manages on behalf of organizations including but not limited to pension and endowment funds, sovereign wealth
funds, financial institutions, insurance companies and individual investors.*
*
As
of December 31, 2022, AUM amounts include funds managed by Ivy Hill Asset Management, L.P., a wholly owned portfolio company of Ares
Capital Corporation (“ARCC”) and a registered investment advisor.
USE
OF PROCEEDS
The
proceeds from the sale of Shares are invested by the Fund to pursue its investment program and strategies. The Fund expects to invest
the proceeds obtained by it promptly after receipt of such proceeds.
INVESTMENT
OBJECTIVE, OPPORTUNITIES AND STRATEGIES
Investment
Objective
The
Fund’s investment objective is to provide superior risk-adjusted returns across various market cycles by investing in a diversified
portfolio of liquid and illiquid asset classes. The Fund seeks to capitalize on market inefficiencies and relative value opportunities
throughout the entire global credit spectrum. There can be no assurance that the Fund will achieve its investment objective.
Investment
Opportunities and Strategies
The
Fund invests primarily in a portfolio of directly originated loans, secured floating and fixed rate syndicated loans, corporate bonds,
asset-backed securities, commercial real estate loans and other types of credit instruments, which, under normal circumstances, will represent
at least 80% of the Fund’s Managed Assets. For purposes of this policy, “credit instruments” may include commercial
real estate mezzanine loans, real estate mortgages, distressed securities, notes, bills, debentures, bank loans, convertible and preferred
securities, government and municipal obligations. The Fund may also invest in foreign instruments and illiquid and restricted securities.
Opportunistic,
Flexible, Untethered Credit Investments Strategy. The Advisors intend to employ
an opportunistic, flexible and untethered global credit investments strategy based on absolute and relative value considerations and their
analysis of the credit markets. The Advisors seek risk-adjusted returns over full market cycles by creating and managing a portfolio with
balanced exposures to multiple industry sectors and geographic regions. The Advisors will make tactical allocations of assets across multiple
segments of the global fixed-income markets, including U.S. and non-U.S. credit instruments. It is anticipated that most of the Fund’s
investments will be rated below investment grade or would be rated below investment grade if they were rated. Non-investment grade fixed
income securities, also known as “junk bonds”, are considered speculative. Some of the credit instruments will have no credit
rating at all. The Fund is untethered to benchmark-specific guidelines, thereby providing the Advisors with significant latitude to invest
where they see opportunities and to reduce exposure to areas where they see less value or heightened downside risks.
Relative
Value Focus. A primary driver of the Fund’s investment strategy will
be a relative value focus whereby the Advisors seek to identify market dislocations caused by, among other factors, (i) significant
corporate transactional events, such as spinoffs, mergers and acquisitions, industry consolidations, liquidations, reorganizations, bankruptcies,
recapitalizations and share buybacks and other extraordinary corporate transactions; (ii) market inefficiencies resulting from the
misunderstanding by the broader investment community of a particular company or industry, which misunderstanding results in the income
of such investment reflecting a higher risk premium or the market price of such investment reflecting a lower value than is deemed warranted
by the Advisors and; (iii) companies experiencing financial stress resulting in a mispricing of their securities either because such
securities pay higher income due to perceived risk or trade at a significant discount to fair value whereby the underlying asset values
limit downside risk and offer meaningful upside potential; and (iv) sell-offs in one or more of the relevant credit markets.
Access
to Ares Transaction Flow. The Advisors intend to benefit from the market presence,
scale, infrastructure and demonstrated investment experience of Ares to gain access to transaction flow and a broad set of investment
opportunities across the non-investment grade credit spectrum. Unlike many other alternative investment managers, Ares operates in a fully
integrated manner and encourages frequent collaboration among its investment professionals. This unique approach allows Ares to draw from
the collective market insight, industry expertise, contacts and experience of its over 880 investment professionals around the world.
The
Fund intends to focus on what the Advisors believe are the broader Ares platform’s most attractive investment ideas and allocate
investments sourced from Ares’s multi-billion dollar credit platform to achieve its investment objective. As such, the Advisors
have the flexibility to invest where they see opportunities, based on their extensive credit research expertise and analysis of the relevant
credit markets, in a variety of credit instruments with varying yield and risk profiles. Many investment vehicles available for retail
investors do not include certain asset classes that the Fund will invest in such as private asset-backed investments and directly originated
loans, and therefore the Fund offers a differentiated investment opportunity to the retail investor base.
Active
Monitoring and Investing, with Bottom-Up and Top-Down Credit Analysis by Deep and Experienced Team. The
Advisors will actively construct and manage a portfolio of credit investments and, as necessary, periodically rebalance the Fund’s
allocation of assets among different types of credit investments utilizing the Advisors’ strategies to seek to optimize the Fund’s
allocation to achieve the Fund’s investment objective under the market conditions existing at such time.
With
respect to each investment opportunity, the Advisors intend to take a bottom-up and top-down approach to their credit analysis that will
focus on each individual investment as well as global macroeconomic factors and the industry in which the subject entity operates. The
Advisors’ investment process will be rigorous, proactive and continuous, and will emphasize team management. Close monitoring of
each investment in the portfolio provides the basis for making buy, sell and hold decisions. In managing the Fund’s portfolio, the
Advisors will utilize their and the broader Ares platform’s deep and experienced teams of credit specialists to analyze investments
and engage in regular and periodic monitoring of credit risk with a goal toward the early identification, and sale, of credit instruments
and other investments with potential credit problems. This monitoring process may include reviewing (i) an issuer’s financial
resources and operating history; (ii) a comparison of an issuer’s current operating results with the Advisors’ initial
investment thesis for the investment and initial expectations for the performance of the obligation; (iii) an issuer’s sensitivity
to economic conditions; (iv) the performance of an issuer’s management; (v) an issuer’s debt maturities and borrowing
requirements; (vi) an issuer’s interest and asset coverage; and (vii) the relative value of an investment based on an
issuer’s anticipated cash flow or where other comparable assets are trading in the market.
Portfolio
Composition
The
Fund’s portfolio will consist of some combination of the following types of investments:
Direct
Lending. The Fund may invest in first lien senior secured loans (including
“unitranche” loans, which are loans that combine both senior and mezzanine debt, generally in a first lien position), second
lien senior secured loans and mezzanine debt, which in some cases includes an equity component, of U.S. and European middle-market companies,
where the Advisors believe the supply of primary capital is limited and the investment opportunities are most attractive. These investments
are typically made to companies with annual EBITDA between $10 million and $250 million. As used herein, EBITDA represents net
income before net interest expense, income tax expense, depreciation and amortization.
Syndicated
Corporate Loans. Syndicated Loans generally hold the most senior position in
the capital structure of a Borrower, are typically secured with specific collateral and have a claim on the assets and/or stock of the
Borrower that is senior to that held by unsecured creditors, subordinated debt holders and holders of equity of the Borrower. Typically,
in order to borrow money pursuant to a Syndicated Loan, a Borrower will, for the term of the Syndicated Loan, pledge collateral (subject
to typical exceptions), including but not limited to (i) working capital assets, such as accounts receivable and inventory; (ii) tangible
fixed assets, such as real property, buildings and equipment; (iii) intangible assets, such as trademarks and patent rights; and
(iv) security interests in shares of stock of subsidiaries or affiliates. In the case of Syndicated Loans made to non-public companies,
the company’s shareholders or owners may provide collateral in the form of secured guarantees and/or security interests in assets
that they own. In many instances, a Syndicated Loan may be secured only by stock in the Borrower or its subsidiaries. Collateral may consist
of assets that may not be readily liquidated, and there is no assurance that the liquidation of such assets would satisfy fully a Borrower’s
obligations under a Syndicated Loan.
A
Borrower must comply with various covenants contained in a loan agreement or note purchase agreement between the Borrower and the holders
of the Syndicated Loan (the “Loan Agreement”). In a typical Syndicated Loan, an administrative agent (the “Agent”)
administers the terms of the Loan Agreement. In such cases, the Agent is normally responsible for the collection of principal and interest
payments from the Borrower and the apportionment of these payments to the credit of all institutions that are parties to the Loan Agreement.
The Fund will generally rely upon the Agent or an intermediate participant to receive and forward to the Fund its portion of the principal
and interest payments on the Syndicated Loan. Additionally, the Fund normally will rely on the Agent and the other loan investors to use
appropriate credit remedies against the Borrower. The Agent is typically responsible for monitoring compliance with covenants contained
in the Loan Agreement based upon reports prepared by the
Borrower.
The Agent may monitor the value of the collateral and, if the value of the collateral declines, may accelerate the Syndicated Loan, may
give the Borrower an opportunity to provide additional collateral or may seek other protection for the benefit of the participants in
the Syndicated Loan. The Agent is compensated by the Borrower for providing these services under a Loan Agreement, and such compensation
may include special fees paid upon structuring and funding the Syndicated Loan and other fees paid on a continuing basis.
Syndicated
Loans typically have rates of interest that are determined daily, monthly, quarterly or semi-annually by reference to a base lending rate,
plus a premium or credit spread. As a result, as short-term interest rates increase, interest payable to the Fund from its investments
in Syndicated Loans should increase, and as short-term interest rates decrease, interest payable to the Fund from its investments in Syndicated
Loans should decrease. These base lending rates are primarily LIBOR, SOFR, or another reference rate, and secondarily the prime rate offered
by one or more major U.S. banks and the certificate of deposit rate or other base lending rates used by commercial lenders.
Although
not initially a principal investment strategy, the Fund may purchase and retain in its portfolio Syndicated Loans where the Borrower has
experienced, or may be perceived to be likely to experience, credit problems, including involvement in or recent emergence from bankruptcy
court proceedings or other forms of debt restructuring. Such distressed investments may provide opportunities for enhanced income as well
as capital appreciation, although they also will be subject to greater risk of loss. At times, in connection with the restructuring of
a Syndicated Loan either outside of bankruptcy court or in the context of bankruptcy court proceedings, the Fund may determine or be required
to accept equity securities or junior credit securities in exchange for all or a portion of a Syndicated Loan.
In
the process of buying, selling and holding Syndicated Loans, the Fund may receive and/or pay certain fees. These fees are in addition
to interest payments received and may include facility fees, commitment fees, amendment fees, commissions and prepayment penalty fees.
On an ongoing basis, the Fund may receive a commitment fee based on the undrawn portion of the underlying line of credit portion of a
Syndicated Loan. In certain circumstances, the Fund may receive a prepayment penalty fee upon the prepayment of a Syndicated Loan by a
Borrower. Other fees received by the Fund may include covenant waiver fees, covenant modification fees or other amendment fees.
Corporate
Bonds. An issuer of Corporate Bonds typically pays the investor a fixed rate
of interest and must repay the amount borrowed on or before maturity. The investment return of Corporate Bonds reflects interest on the
security and changes in the market value of the security. The market value of a Corporate Bond generally may be expected to rise and fall
inversely with interest rates. The value of intermediate- and longer-term Corporate Bonds normally fluctuates more in response to changes
in interest rates than does the value of shorter-term Corporate Bonds. The market value of a Corporate Bond also may be affected by investors’
perceptions of the creditworthiness of the issuer, the issuer’s performance and perceptions of the issuer in the market place. There
is a risk that the issuers of Corporate Bonds may not be able to meet their obligations on interest or principal payments at the time
called for by an instrument. The Fund may utilize various types of Derivatives, including swaps, for the purpose of gaining exposure to
Corporate Bonds.
Structured
Credit. The Fund may invest in asset-backed opportunities across broad sectors
such as consumer and commercial specialty finance and corporate credit. The Fund will target investment opportunities that are directly
originated and privately negotiated that may include (i) financings secured by pools of consumer loans, commercial loans or real
estate assets; (ii) the outright purchase of pools of consumer loans, commercial loans or real estate assets; and (iii) debt
and equity investments in U.S.-dollar-denominated CLOs that are primarily backed by corporate leveraged loans issued to primarily U.S.
CLOs, as well as Euro-denominated CLOs that are backed primarily by corporate leveraged loans issued to primarily European CLOs. The investments
in the “equity” of structured credit products (including CLOs) refers to the Residual Tranche.
The
CLO equity tranches (or other similar junior tranches) and privately issued asset-backed securities in which the Fund invests may be highly
leveraged, which magnifies the Fund’s risk of loss on such investments.
Stressed
Investments. The Fund may invest in preferred or common shares, or other instruments,
of companies undergoing, or that have recently completed, bankruptcies, reorganizations, insolvencies, liquidations or other fundamental
changes or similar proceedings or other Stressed Issuers. In any investment opportunity involving any such type, there exists the risk
that the contemplated transaction either will be unsuccessful, will take considerable time or will result in a distribution of cash or
new securities, the value of which will be less than the purchase price to the Fund of the securities or other financial instruments in
respect of which such distribution is received. Similarly, if an anticipated transaction does not in fact occur, the Fund may be required
to sell its investment at a loss. The consummation of such transactions can be prevented or delayed by a variety of factors, including
but not limited to (i) intervention of a regulatory agency; (ii) market conditions resulting in material changes in securities
prices; (iii) compliance with any applicable bankruptcy, insolvency or securities laws; and (iv) the inability to obtain adequate
financing. Because there is substantial uncertainty concerning the outcome of transactions involving financially troubled companies in
which the Fund intends to invest, there is a potential risk of loss by the Fund of its entire investment in such companies.
Commercial
Real Estate Loans.
Senior
Mortgage Loans: These
mortgage loans are typically secured by first liens on commercial properties, including the following property types: office, multifamily,
retail, industrial, hospitality and mixed-use. In some cases, first lien mortgages may be divided into an A-Note and a B-Note. The A-Note
is typically a privately negotiated loan that is secured by a first mortgage on a commercial property or group of related properties that
is senior to a B-Note secured by the same first mortgage property or group.
Subordinated
Debt: These loans
may include structurally subordinated first mortgage loans and junior participations in first mortgage loans or participations in these
types of assets. As noted above, a B-Note is typically a privately negotiated loan that is secured by a first mortgage on a commercial
property or group of related properties and is subordinated to an A-Note secured by the same first mortgage property or group. The subordination
of a B-Note or junior participation typically is evidenced by participations or intercreditor agreements with other holders of interests
in the note. B-Notes are subject to more credit risk with respect to the underlying mortgage collateral than the corresponding A-Note.
Preferred
Equity: Real estate
preferred equity investments are subordinate to first mortgage loans and are not collateralized by the property underlying the investment.
As a holder of preferred equity, the Fund seeks to enhance its position with covenants that limit the activities of the entity in which
the Fund has an interest and protect the Fund’s equity by obtaining an exclusive right to control the underlying property after
an event of default, should such a default occur on the Fund’s investment.
Mezzanine
Loans: Like B-Notes,
these loans are also subordinated, but are usually secured by a pledge of the borrower’s equity ownership in the entity that owns
the property or by a second lien mortgage on the property. In a liquidation, these loans are generally junior to any mortgage liens on
the underlying property, but senior to any preferred equity or common equity interests in the entity that owns the property. Investor
rights are usually governed by intercreditor agreements.
Other
Investment Strategies. The Fund may also invest in distressed securities, notes,
bills, debentures, bank loans, convertible and preferred securities, government and municipal obligations and other credit instruments
with similar economic characteristics. In addition, from time to time, the Fund may invest in or hold common shares and other equity securities
incidental to the purchase or ownership of a Syndicated Loan or Corporate Bond or in connection with a reorganization of a borrower. The
Fund may engage in short sales. The Fund may also use Derivatives to gain investment exposure to credit instruments, to provide downside
protection and to dampen volatility. Derivatives may allow the Fund to increase or decrease the level of risk to which the Fund is exposed
more quickly and efficiently than transactions in other types of instruments. The Fund may invest in securities of other investment companies,
including ETFs, to the extent that these investments are consistent with the Fund’s investment objective, strategies and policies
and permissible under the 1940 Act or any applicable exemption therefrom. The Fund may invest in other investment companies to gain broad
market or sector exposure, including during periods when it has large amounts of uninvested cash or when the Advisors believe share prices
of other investment companies offer attractive values.
Other
Characteristics
Below
Investment Grade Credit Instruments. Most of the credit instruments in which
the Fund may invest will be rated below investment grade (also known as “junk bonds”). Securities rated below investment grade
are those that, at the time of investment, are rated Ba1 or lower by Moody’s, or BB+ or lower by S&P or Fitch, or if unrated
are determined by the Advisors to be of comparable quality. Below investment grade securities often are regarded as having predominately
speculative characteristics with respect to an issuer’s capacity to pay interest and repay principal. In addition, lower quality
debt securities tend to be more sensitive to general economic conditions. Although many of the Fund’s investments may consist of
securities rated below investment grade, the Fund reserves the right to invest in credit instruments of any credit quality, maturity and
duration.
Foreign
Instruments. The Fund may make investments in non-U.S. entities, including
issuers in emerging markets. Emerging market countries are countries that major international financial institutions, such as the World
Bank, generally consider to be less economically mature than developed nations, such as the United States or most nations in Western Europe.
Emerging market countries can include every nation in the world except the United States, Canada, Japan, Australia, New Zealand, most
countries located in Western Europe and certain other countries. The Fund expects that its investment in non-U.S. issuers will be made
primarily in U.S. dollar denominated securities, but it reserves the right to purchase securities that are foreign currency denominated.
Some non-U.S. securities may be less liquid and more volatile than securities of comparable U.S. issuers.
Illiquid
and Restricted Securities. The Fund may invest in instruments that, at the
time of investment, are illiquid (generally, those securities that cannot be disposed of within seven days in the ordinary course of business
at approximately the value at which the Fund has valued the securities). Although the Fund may invest in such instruments without limitation,
pursuant to the requirements of the 1940 Act, the Board has adopted, and the Fund follows, procedures designed to ensure that the Fund
maintains sufficient liquidity to meet its periodic repurchase obligations as an interval fund. The Fund may also invest, without limit,
in securities that are unregistered (but are eligible for purchase and sale by certain qualified institutional buyers) or are held by
control persons of the issuer and securities that are subject to contractual restrictions on their resale.
The
Fund may invest its cash balances in money market instruments, U.S. government securities, commercial paper, certificates of deposit,
repurchase agreements and other high-quality debt instruments maturing in one year or less, among other instruments. In addition, and
in response to adverse market, economic or political conditions, the Fund may invest in high-quality fixed income securities, money market
instruments and money market funds or may hold significant positions in cash or cash equivalents for defensive purposes.
The
Investment Process
The
Fund’s portfolio is managed by CAM employees Mitch Goldstein and Greg Margolies, who are also employees of an affiliate of Ares,
where Mitch Goldstein is Co-Head of the Ares Credit Group and Greg Margolies is a Partner. In managing the portfolio, they employ two
principal inputs, a quantitative allocation model and the Sub-Advisor’s Allocation Committee comprised of portfolio managers and
investment officers from each underlying credit discipline.
The
Ares model utilizes a scoring system intended to quantify the following with a common scale:
•
four
risk factors for each asset class including:
◦
volatility: variability
of price for a given security;
◦
liquidity: extent
to which an asset or security can be purchased or sold within the context of its current quoted price;
◦
loss
probability: probability of realizing a loss from default; and
◦
control
premium: premium to value associated with having a controlling position in structuring and originating debt instruments
•
three
macroeconomic risk factors including correlation to equities, interest rate risk, and geographic/regional risk
•
relative
value spread basis between different asset classes, based on standard deviations in price of each asset
•
relative
value of each asset class as compared to its own historical average measured by standard deviation
The
Ares scoring for each asset class is then used to solve for an optimal allocation mix using a range of targeted returns. Minimum and maximum
concentration and diversification limits may be applied. This output is meant as an objective measure of relative value, useful in guiding
both Allocation Committee discussion and in advising Ares co-portfolio managers as to portfolio construction.
Allocation
Committee meetings are held monthly and serve multiple ends. The forum is intended to facilitate a congress of expert opinions from across
the credit spectrum. Members discuss macroeconomic trends, U.S. and global growth (or contraction), labor market trends, inflation trends,
fiscal and monetary policy trends, asset valuations, liquidity conditions and investor sentiment. Each is addressed with respect to its
potential effect on lending conditions and credit spreads across underlying asset classes. Consensus is not required, however the agenda
will tend to facilitate development of broad “house views” as to macroeconomic forecasts. Specific focus is given to the subject
of valuation, and whether each credit asset class is priced attractively relative to its fundamental (absolute) risk and also by comparison
to other credit assets. Healthy disagreement on this topic is encouraged, and particular consideration given to the spreads at which most
recent loans or bonds have been underwritten by the investment teams of each asset class. The end objective is to determine which asset
classes appear cheaply valued and most attractive relative to the risks inherent to each asset class.
The
process culminates as Mitch Goldstein and Greg Margolies determine portfolio positioning and will decide how much of the Fund’s
portfolio is invested in each credit asset class. The composition and construction of each underlying asset category is then determined
by the portfolio managers specific to that asset category. To the extent possible, such portfolio managers are the same as would be employed
in managing a standalone fund within that underlying asset class and the pool of investment ideas from which the underlying asset category
is populated would similarly be the same. All investments are either sourced from third parties or by Ares directly, but the Fund expects
the vast majority of the Fund’s investments to be directly originated by the Ares investment teams. While each underlying investment
team employs its own distinct investment process tailored to that asset class, all portfolio investments undergo intensive screening,
due diligence, and credit analyses focused on principal preservation and long-term value creation in market leading businesses. This ensures
integrity of process down to the selection of specific companies and credits and is intended to maximize “best ideas” capture
across the platform. As the allocation between various asset classes change, underlying portfolio managers are directed to monetize assets
or increase their investments to raise liquidity or deploy additional investment capital.
TYPES
OF INVESTMENTS AND RELATED RISKS
Investors
should carefully consider the risk factors described below, before deciding on whether to make an investment in the Fund. The risks set
out below are not the only risks the Fund faces. Additional risks and uncertainties not currently known to the Fund or that the Fund currently
deems to be immaterial also may materially adversely affect the Fund’s business, financial condition and/or operating results. If
any of the following events occur, the Fund’s business, financial condition and results of operations could be materially adversely
affected. In such case, the NAV of the Fund’s Shares could decline, and investors may lose all or part of their investment.
Risks
Relating to Investment Strategies and Fund Investments
Distressed
and Event-Driven Investing Risk. The Fund may invest in securities and other
obligations of companies that are involved in significant financial or business distress, including companies involved in bankruptcy or
other reorganization and liquidation proceedings. Although such investments may result in significant income and returns for the Fund,
they involve a substantial degree of risk. The level of analytical sophistication, both financial and legal, necessary for successful
investment in distressed assets is particularly high. There is no assurance that the Fund will correctly evaluate the value of the assets
collateralizing the Fund’s investments or the prospects for a successful reorganization or similar action in respect of any company.
In any reorganization or liquidation proceeding relating to a company in which the Fund invests, the Fund may lose its entire investment,
may be required to accept cash or securities with a value less than the Fund’s original investment and/or may be required to accept
payment over an extended period of time. Troubled company investments and other distressed asset-based investments require active monitoring.
The
Fund may also invest in companies in expectation of a specific event or catalyst, which may be external (e.g.,
a macroeconomic event impacting relevant markets) or an event that is specific to the company (e.g.,
a Chapter 11 filing). Such event-driven investing requires the Fund to make judgments concerning (i) the likelihood that an event
will occur; and (ii) the impact such event will have on the value of the Fund’s investment in the relevant company. If the
event fails to occur or it does not have the effect foreseen, significant losses can result.
Market
Price Inefficiency Risk. The Fund seeks investment opportunities based on what
the Advisors perceive as market inefficiencies. However, recognizing market inefficiencies requires a high level of market expertise and
is inherently difficult because it requires the recognition of information that the majority of market participants have not identified.
The Fund may not effectively recognize market inefficiencies and, even if it does, the market may not correct as the Fund predicts, either
of which could result in significant losses to the Fund.
Limited
Portfolio Companies Risk. The Fund seeks to achieve its investment objective
by focusing on a limited number of opportunities across the investment universe that it believes offer potentially exceptional risk-adjusted
income and returns as compared to more traditional investment strategies under current and expected economic conditions. As a result,
the Fund’s portfolio may be focused in a limited number of portfolio companies and industries. Beyond the asset diversification
requirements associated with the Fund’s qualification as a RIC under Subchapter M of the Code and the fundamental investment limitations
set forth in the Statement of Additional Information, the Fund does not have fixed guidelines for diversification, and while the Fund
is not targeting any specific industries, the Fund’s investments may be focused in relatively few industries or portfolio companies.
As a result, the aggregate income and returns the Fund realizes may be significantly adversely affected if a small number of investments
perform poorly or if the Fund needs to write down the value of any one investment. Additionally, a downturn in any particular industry
in which the Fund is invested could also significantly impact the aggregate income and returns it realizes.
Debt
Instruments Risk. The Fund may invest in loans and other types of debt instruments
and securities. Such investments may be secured, partially secured or unsecured and may be rated or unrated, and whether or not rated,
may have speculative characteristics. Changes in interest rates generally will cause the value of fixed rate debt investments held by
the Fund to vary inversely to such changes. Debt investments with longer terms to maturity or duration are subject to greater volatility
than investments in
shorter-term
obligations. The issuer of a debt security or instrument may not be able or willing to pay interest or to repay principal when due in
accordance with the terms of the associated agreement. An obligor’s willingness to pay interest or to repay principal due in a timely
manner may be affected by, among other factors, its cash flow. Commercial bank lenders may be able to contest payments to the holders
of other debt obligations of the same obligor in the event of default under their commercial bank loan agreements. See also “Types
of Investments and Related Risks — Credit Risk.”
The
Fund may invest in loans and other similar forms of debt. Such forms of indebtedness may be different from traditional debt securities
in that debt securities are typically part of a large issue of securities and loans and similar debt instruments may not be securities,
but may represent a specific commercial loan to a borrower. Loan participations typically represent direct participation, together with
other parties, in a loan to a corporate borrower, and generally are offered by banks or other financial institutions or lending syndicates.
The Fund may participate in such syndications, or can buy part of a loan, becoming a part lender. When purchasing indebtedness and loan
participations, the Fund assumes the credit risk associated with the borrower and may assume the credit risk associated with an interposed
bank or other Financial Intermediary. Members of a syndicate in which the Fund participates may have different and sometimes superior
rights to those of the Fund. Where the Fund invests as a sub-participant in syndicated debt, it may be subject to certain risks as a result
of having no direct contractual relationship with the underlying borrower. As a result, the Fund will generally be dependent on the lender
to enforce its rights and obligations under the loan arrangements in the event of a default by the underlying borrower and will generally
not have any direct rights against the underlying borrower, any direct rights in the collateral, if any, securing such borrowing, or any
right to deal directly with such borrower. The lender will, in general, retain the right to determine whether remedies provided for in
the underlying loan arrangement will be exercised, or waived. In the event that the Fund enters into such an investment, there can be
no assurance that its ability to realize upon a participation will not be interrupted or impaired in the event of the bankruptcy or insolvency
of any of the borrower or the lender or that in such circumstances the Fund will benefit from any set-off between the lender and the borrower.
Claims by third parties arising from these and other risks may be borne by the Fund.
Syndicated
Loans Risk. The Syndicated Loans in which the Fund will invest will primarily
be rated below investment grade, but may also be unrated and of comparable credit quality. As a result, the risks associated with such
Syndicated Loans are generally similar to the risks of other below investment grade fixed income instruments, although Syndicated Loans
are senior and typically secured in contrast to other below investment grade fixed income instruments, which are often subordinated or
unsecured. Investments in below investment grade Syndicated Loans are considered speculative because of the credit risk of the Borrowers.
Such Borrowers are more likely than investment grade Borrowers to default on their payments of interest and principal owed to the Fund,
and such defaults could reduce the Fund’s NAV and income dividends. An economic downturn would generally lead to a higher non-payment
rate, and a Syndicated Loan may lose significant market value before a default occurs. Moreover, any specific collateral used to secure
a Syndicated Loan may decline in value or become illiquid, which would adversely affect the Syndicated Loan’s value. Syndicated
Loans are subject to a number of risks described elsewhere in this prospectus, including liquidity risk and the risk of investing in below
investment grade fixed income instruments.
Syndicated
Loans are subject to the risk of non-payment of scheduled interest or principal. Such non-payment would result in a reduction of income
to the Fund, a reduction in the value of the investment and a potential decrease in the NAV of the Fund. There can be no assurance that
the liquidation of any collateral securing a Syndicated Loan would satisfy the Borrower’s obligation in the event of non-payment
of scheduled interest or principal payments, whether when due or upon acceleration, or that the collateral could be liquidated, readily
or otherwise. In the event of bankruptcy or insolvency of a Borrower, the Fund could experience delays or limitations with respect to
its ability to realize the benefits of the collateral, if any, securing a Syndicated Loan. The collateral securing a Syndicated Loan,
if any, may lose all or substantially all of its value in the event of the bankruptcy or insolvency of a Borrower. Some Syndicated Loans
are subject to the risk that a court, pursuant to fraudulent conveyance or other similar laws, could subordinate such Syndicated Loans
to presently existing or future indebtedness of the Borrower or take other action detrimental to the holders of Syndicated Loans including,
in certain circumstances, invalidating such Syndicated Loans or causing interest previously paid to be refunded to the Borrower.
Additionally,
a Syndicated Loan may be “primed” in bankruptcy, which reduces the ability of the holders of the Syndicated Loan to recover
on the collateral. Priming takes place when a debtor in bankruptcy is allowed to incur additional indebtedness by the bankruptcy court
and such indebtedness has a senior or pari passu lien with the debtor’s existing secured indebtedness, such as existing Syndicated
Loans or secured Corporate Bonds.
There
may be less readily available information about most Syndicated Loans and the Borrowers thereunder than is the case for many other types
of securities, including securities issued in transactions registered under the Securities Act of 1933, as amended (the “1933 Act”),
or registered under the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, as amended (the “Exchange Act”), and Borrowers subject to the periodic
reporting requirements of Section 13 of the Exchange Act. Syndicated Loans may be issued by companies that are not subject to SEC
reporting requirements and these companies, therefore, do not file reports with the SEC that must comply with SEC form requirements and
in addition are subject to a less stringent liability disclosure regime than companies subject to SEC reporting requirements. As a result,
the Advisors will rely primarily on their own evaluation of a Borrower’s credit quality rather than on any available independent
sources. Therefore, the Fund will be particularly dependent on the analytical abilities of the Advisors.
The
secondary trading market for Syndicated Loans may be less liquid than the secondary trading market for registered investment grade debt
securities. No active trading market may exist for certain Syndicated Loans, which may make it difficult to value them. Illiquidity and
adverse market conditions may mean that the Fund may not be able to sell Syndicated Loans quickly or at a fair price. To the extent that
a secondary market does exist for certain Syndicated Loans, the market for them may be subject to irregular trading activity, wide bid/ask
spreads and extended trade settlement periods.
Syndicated
Loans and other variable rate debt instruments are subject to the risk of payment defaults of scheduled interest or principal. Such payment
defaults would result in a reduction of income to the Fund, a reduction in the value of the investment and a potential decrease in the
NAV of the Fund. Similarly, a sudden and significant increase in market interest rates may increase the risk of payment defaults and cause
a decline in the value of these investments and in the Fund’s NAV. Other factors (including, but not limited to, rating downgrades,
credit deterioration, a large downward movement in share prices, a disparity in supply and demand of certain securities or market conditions
that reduce liquidity) can reduce the value of Syndicated Loans and other debt obligations, impairing the Fund’s NAV.
Syndicated
Loans are subject to legislative risk. If legislation or state or federal regulations impose additional requirements or restrictions on
the ability of financial institutions to make loans, the availability of Syndicated Loans for investment by the Fund may be adversely
affected. In addition, such requirements or restrictions could reduce or eliminate sources of financing for certain Borrowers. This would
increase the risk of default. If legislation or federal or state regulations require financial institutions to increase their capital
requirements this may cause financial institutions to dispose of Syndicated Loans that are considered highly levered transactions. Such
sales could result in prices that, in the opinions of the Advisors, do not represent fair value. If the Fund attempts to sell a Syndicated
Loan at a time when a financial institution is engaging in such a sale, the price the Fund could receive for the Syndicated Loan may be
adversely affected.
The
Fund expects to acquire Syndicated Loans through assignments and, to a lesser extent, through participations. The purchaser of an assignment
typically succeeds to all the rights and obligations of the assigning institution and becomes a lender under the credit agreement with
respect to the debt obligation; however, the purchaser’s rights can be more restricted than those of the assigning institution,
and the Fund may not be able to unilaterally enforce all rights and remedies under the loan and with regard to any associated collateral.
In general, a participation is a contractual relationship only with the institution participating out the interest, not with the Borrower.
Sellers of participations typically include banks, broker-dealers, other financial institutions and lending institutions. In purchasing
participations, the Fund generally will have no right to enforce compliance by the Borrower with the terms of the loan agreement against
the Borrower, and the Fund may not directly benefit from the collateral supporting the debt obligation in which it has purchased the participation.
As a result, (i) the Fund will be exposed to the credit risk of both the Borrower and the institution selling the participation;
and (ii) both the Borrower and the institution selling the participation will be considered issuers for purposes of the Fund’s
investment
restriction
concerning industry concentration. See “Investment Restrictions”. Further, in purchasing participations in lending syndicates,
the Fund may be more limited than it otherwise would be in its ability to conduct due diligence on the Borrower. In addition, as a holder
of the participations, the Fund may not have voting rights or inspection rights that the Fund would otherwise have if it were investing
directly in the Syndicated Loan, which may result in the Fund being exposed to greater credit or fraud risk with respect to the Borrower
or the Syndicated Loan.
Subordinated
Loans Risk. Although the Fund does not initially expect Subordinated Loans
to be a significant component of its portfolio, it may invest in such instruments from time to time. Subordinated Loans generally are
subject to similar risks as those associated with investments in Syndicated Loans, except that such loans are subordinated in payment
and/or lower in lien priority to first lien holders. In the event of default on a Subordinated Loan, the first priority lien holder has
first claim to the underlying collateral of the loan to the extent such claim is secured. Additionally, an oversecured creditor may be
entitled to additional interest and other charges in bankruptcy increasing the amount of their allowed claim. Subordinated Loans are subject
to the additional risk that the cash flow of the Borrower and property securing the loan or debt, if any, may be insufficient to meet
scheduled payments after giving effect to the senior obligations of the Borrower. This risk is generally higher for subordinated unsecured
loans or debt, which are not backed by a security interest in any specific collateral. Subordinated Loans generally have greater price
volatility than Syndicated Loans and may be less liquid.
“Covenant-Lite”
Loans Risk. Some of the loans in which the Fund may invest directly or indirectly
through its investments in collateralized debt obligations (“CDOs”), CLOs or other types of structured securities may be “covenant-lite”
loans, which means the loans contain fewer maintenance covenants than other loans (in some cases, none) and do not include terms which
allow the lender to monitor the performance of the borrower and declare a default if certain criteria are breached. An investment by the
Fund in a covenant-lite loan may potentially hinder the ability to reprice credit risk associated with the issuer and reduce the ability
to restructure a problematic loan and mitigate potential loss. The Fund may also experience delays in enforcing its rights on its holdings
of covenant-lite loans. As a result of these risks, the Fund’s exposure to losses may be increased, which could result in an adverse
impact on the Fund’s net income and net asset value.
Corporate
Bond Risk. The market value of a Corporate Bond generally may be expected to
rise and fall inversely with interest rates. The market value of intermediate- and longer-term Corporate Bonds is generally more sensitive
to changes in interest rates than is the market value of shorter-term Corporate Bonds. The market value of a Corporate Bond also may be
affected by factors directly related to the issuer, such as investors’ perceptions of the creditworthiness of the issuer, the issuer’s
financial performance, perceptions of the issuer in the market place, performance of management of the issuer, the issuer’s capital
structure and use of financial leverage and demand for the issuer’s goods and services. Certain risks associated with investments
in Corporate Bonds are described elsewhere in this Prospectus in further detail, including under “Credit Risk”, “Prepayment
Risk” and “Inflation and Deflation Risk”. There is a risk that the issuers of Corporate Bonds may not be able to meet
their obligations on interest or principal payments at the time called for by an instrument. The Fund expects to invest primarily in Corporate
Bonds that are high yield issues rated below investment grade. High yield Corporate Bonds are often high risk and have speculative characteristics.
High yield Corporate Bonds may be particularly susceptible to adverse issuer-specific developments. High yield Corporate Bonds are subject
to the risks described below under “Below Investment Grade Rating Risk.”
Asset-Backed
Securities Risk. Asset-backed securities often involve risks that are different
from or more acute than risks associated with other types of debt instruments. For instance, asset-backed securities may be particularly
sensitive to changes in prevailing interest rates. In addition, the underlying assets are subject to prepayments that shorten the securities’
weighted average maturity and may lower their return. Asset-backed securities are also subject to risks associated with their structure
and the nature of the assets underlying the security and the servicing of those assets. Payment of interest and repayment of principal
on asset-backed securities is largely dependent upon the cash flows generated by the assets backing the securities and, in certain cases,
supported by letters of credit, surety bonds or other credit enhancements. The values of asset-backed securities may be substantially
dependent on the servicing of the underlying asset pools, and are therefore subject to risks associated with the negligence by, or defalcation
of, their
servicers.
Furthermore, debtors may be entitled to the protection of a number of state and federal consumer credit laws with respect to the assets
underlying these securities, which may give the debtor the right to avoid or reduce payment. In addition, due to their often complicated
structures, various asset-backed securities may be difficult to value and may constitute illiquid investments. If many borrowers on the
underlying loans default, losses could exceed the credit enhancement level and result in losses to investors in asset-backed securities.
Below
Investment Grade Rating Risk. The Fund expects initially that its investments
in Syndicated Loans, Subordinated Loans, Corporate Bonds and other debt instruments will consist primarily of securities and loans that
are rated below investment grade or unrated and of comparable credit quality. Corporate Bonds that are rated below investment grade are
often referred to as “high yield” securities or “junk bonds.” Below investment grade Syndicated Loans, high yield
securities and other similar instruments are rated “Ba1” or lower by Moody’s, “BB+” or lower by S&P
or “BB+” or lower by Fitch or, if unrated, are judged by the Advisors to be of comparable credit quality. While generally
providing greater income and opportunity for gain, below investment grade rated Corporate Bonds and Syndicated Loans and similar debt
instruments may be subject to greater risks than securities or instruments that have higher credit ratings, including a higher risk of
default. The credit rating of a Corporate Bond and Syndicated Loan that is rated below investment grade does not necessarily address its
market value risk, and ratings may from time to time change, positively or negatively, to reflect developments regarding the issuer’s
financial condition. Below investment grade Corporate Bonds and Syndicated Loans and similar instruments often are considered to be speculative
with respect to the capacity of the Borrower to timely repay principal and pay interest or dividends in accordance with the terms of the
obligation and may have more credit risk than higher rated securities. Lower grade securities and similar debt instruments may be particularly
susceptible to economic downturns. It is likely that a prolonged or deepening economic recession could adversely affect the ability of
some Borrowers issuing such Corporate Bonds, Syndicated Loans and similar debt instruments to repay principal and pay interest on the
instrument, increase the incidence of default and severely disrupt the market value of the securities and similar debt instruments.
The
secondary market for below investment grade Corporate Bonds and Syndicated Loans and similar instruments may be less liquid than that
for higher rated instruments. Because unrated securities may not have an active trading market or may be difficult to value, the Fund
might have difficulty selling them promptly at an acceptable price. To the extent that the Fund invests in unrated securities, the Fund’s
ability to achieve its investment objectives will be more dependent on the Advisors’ credit analysis than would be the case when
the Fund invests in rated securities.
Under
normal market conditions, the Fund will invest in Syndicated Loans and Corporate Bonds, and may invest in Subordinated Loans and other
debt instruments, rated in the lower rating categories (“Caa1” or lower by Moody’s, “CCC+” or lower by S&P
or CCC+ or lower by Fitch) or unrated and of comparable quality. For these securities, the risks associated with below investment grade
instruments are more pronounced. The Fund may incur additional expenses to the extent it is required to seek recovery upon a default in
the payment of principal or interest on its portfolio holdings. In any reorganization or liquidation proceeding relating to an investment,
the Fund may lose its entire investment or may be required to accept cash or securities with a value substantially less than its original
investment.
Collateralized
Loan Obligations Risk. CLOs issue debt securities in tranches with different
payment characteristics and different credit ratings. The rated tranches of CLO Debt Securities are generally assigned credit ratings
by one or more nationally recognized statistical rating organization (“NRSRO”). Residual tranches are the most junior tranches
and do not receive ratings. Below investment grade tranches of CLO Debt Securities typically experience a lower recovery, greater risk
of loss or deferral or non-payment of interest than more senior tranches of the CLO. The riskiest portion of the capital structure of
a CLO is the subordinated (or residual) tranche, which bears the bulk of defaults from the loans in the CLO and serves to protect the
other, more senior tranches from default in all but the most severe circumstances. Since it is partially protected from defaults, a senior
tranche from a CLO typically has higher ratings and lower yields than the underlying securities, and can be rated investment grade. Despite
the protection from the subordinated tranche, CLO tranches can experience substantial losses due to actual defaults, increased sensitivity
to defaults due to collateral default and disappearance of protecting tranches, market anticipation of defaults and aversion to CLO Securities
as a class. The risks of an investment in a CLO depend largely on the collateral and the tranche of the CLO in which the Fund invests.
The
CLOs in which the Fund invests may have issued and sold debt tranches that will rank senior to the tranches in which the Fund invests.
By their terms, such more senior tranches may entitle the holders to receive payment of interest or principal on or before the dates on
which the Fund is entitled to receive payments with respect to the tranches in which the Fund invests.
Also,
in the event of insolvency, liquidation, dissolution, reorganization or bankruptcy of a CLO, holders of more senior tranches would typically
be entitled to receive payment in full before the Fund receives any distribution. After repaying such senior creditors, such CLO may not
have any remaining assets to use for repaying its obligation to the Fund. In the case of tranches ranking equally with the tranches in
which the Fund invests, the Fund would have to share on an equal basis any distributions with other creditors holding such securities
in the event of an insolvency, liquidation, dissolution, reorganization or bankruptcy of the relevant CLO. Therefore, the Fund may not
receive back the full amount of its investment in a CLO.
The
transaction documents relating to the issuance of CLO Debt Securities may impose eligibility criteria on the assets of the CLO, restrict
the ability of the CLO’s investment manager to trade investments and impose certain portfolio-wide asset quality requirements. These
criteria, restrictions and requirements may limit the ability of the CLO’s investment manager to maximize returns on the CLO Debt
Securities. In addition, other parties involved in CLOs, such as third party credit enhancers and investors in the rated tranches may
impose requirements that have an adverse effect on the returns of the various tranches of CLO Debt Securities. Furthermore, CLO Debt Securities
issuance transaction documents generally contain provisions that, in the event that certain tests are not met (generally interest coverage
and over- collateralization tests at varying levels in the capital structure), proceeds that would otherwise be distributed to holders
of a junior tranche must be diverted to pay down the senior tranches until such tests are satisfied. Failure (or increased likelihood
of failure) of a CLO to make timely payments on a particular tranche will have an adverse effect on the liquidity and market value of
such tranche.
Payments
to holders of CLO Debt Securities may be subject to deferral. If cash flows generated by the underlying assets are insufficient to make
all current and, if applicable, deferred payments on CLO Debt Securities, no other assets will be available for payment of the deficiency
and, following realization of the underlying assets, the obligations of the issuer of the related CLO Debt Securities to pay such deficiency
will be extinguished.
The
market value of CLO Debt Securities may be affected by, among other things, changes in the market value of the underlying assets held
by the CLO, changes in the distributions on the underlying assets, defaults and recoveries on the underlying assets, capital gains and
losses on the underlying assets, prepayments on underlying assets and the availability, prices and interest rate of underlying assets.
Furthermore, the leveraged nature of each subordinated class may magnify the adverse impact on such class of changes in the value of the
assets, changes in the distributions on the assets, defaults and recoveries on the assets, capital gains and losses on the assets, prepayment
on assets and availability, price and interest rates of assets. Finally, CLO Debt Securities are limited recourse and may not be paid
in full and may be subject to up to 100% loss.
Commercial
Real Estate Lending Investments Risk. The
Fund’s senior commercial real estate loans are secured by commercial property and are subject to risks of delinquency and foreclosure,
and risks of loss that may be greater than similar risks associated with loans made on the security of single-family residential property.
The ability of a borrower to repay a loan secured by an income-producing property typically is dependent primarily upon the successful
operation of such property rather than upon the existence of independent income or assets of the borrower. If the net operating income
of the property is reduced, the borrower’s ability to repay the loan may be impaired. Net operating income of an income-producing
property can be adversely affected by, among other things,
•
tenant
mix;
•
success
of tenant businesses;
•
property
management decisions;
•
property
location, condition and design;
•
competition
from comparable types of properties;
•
changes
in laws that increase operating expenses or limit rents that may be charged;
•
changes
in national, regional or local economic conditions and/or specific industry segments, including the credit and securitization markets;
•
declines
in regional or local real estate values;
•
declines
in regional or local rental or occupancy rates;
•
increases
in interest rates, real estate tax rates and other operating expenses;
•
costs
of remediation and liabilities associated with environmental conditions;
•
the
potential for uninsured or underinsured property losses;
•
changes
in governmental laws and regulations, including fiscal policies, zoning ordinances and environmental legislation and the related costs
of compliance; and
•
acts
of God, terrorist attacks, social unrest and civil disturbances.
In
the event of any default under a mortgage loan held directly by the Fund, the Fund will bear a risk of loss of principal to the extent
of any deficiency between the value of the collateral and the principal and accrued interest of the mortgage loan, which could have a
material adverse effect on the Fund’s cash flow from operations and limit amounts available for distribution to the Fund’s
Shareholders. In the event of the bankruptcy of a mortgage loan borrower, the mortgage loan to such borrower will be deemed to be secured
only to the extent of the value of the underlying collateral at the time of bankruptcy (as determined by the bankruptcy court), and the
lien securing the mortgage loan will be subject to the avoidance powers of the bankruptcy trustee or debtor-in-possession to the extent
the lien is unenforceable under state law. Foreclosure of a mortgage loan can be an expensive and lengthy process, which could have a
substantial negative effect on the Fund’s anticipated return on the foreclosed mortgage loan.
Duration
and Maturity Risk. The Fund has no fixed policy regarding portfolio maturity
or duration. Holding long duration and long maturity investments will expose the Fund to certain magnified risks. When interest rates
rise, certain obligations will be paid off by the issuers of debt investments more slowly than anticipated, causing the value of these
obligations to fall. Rising interest rates tend to extend the duration of securities, making them more sensitive to changes in interest
rates. The value of longer-term securities generally changes more in response to changes in interest rates than shorter-term securities.
As a result, in a period of rising interest rates, such as in recent years, securities may exhibit additional volatility and may
lose value.
When
interest rates fall, certain obligations will be paid off by the issuers of debt investments more quickly than originally anticipated,
and the Fund may have to invest the proceeds in securities with lower yields. In periods of falling interest rates, the rate of prepayments
tends to increase (as does price fluctuation) as issuers of debt instruments are motivated to pay off debt and refinance at new lower
rates. During such periods, reinvestment of the prepayment proceeds by the Advisor will generally be at lower rates of return than the
return on the assets that were prepaid. Prepayment reduces the yield to maturity and the average life of the security.
Distressed
and Defaulted Debt Risk. The Fund may invest, to a limited extent, in securities,
including loans purchased in the secondary market, that are the subject of bankruptcy proceedings or otherwise in default or at risk of
being in default as to the repayment of principal and/or interest at the time of acquisition by the Fund (“Distressed Debt”).
Investment in Distressed Debt is speculative and involves significant risks.
The
Fund may make such investments when the Advisors believe it is reasonably likely that the issuer of Distressed Debt will make an exchange
offer or will be the subject of a plan of reorganization pursuant to which the Fund will receive new securities in return for Distressed
Debt. There can be no assurance, however, that such an exchange offer will be made or that such a plan of reorganization will be adopted.
In addition, a significant period of time may pass between the time at which the Fund makes its investment in Distressed Debt and the
time that any such exchange offer or plan of reorganization is completed, if at all.
During
this period, it is unlikely that the Fund would receive any interest payments on the Distressed Debt, the Fund would be subject to significant
uncertainty whether the exchange offer or plan of reorganization will be completed and the Fund may be required to bear certain extraordinary
expenses to protect and recover its investment. Therefore, to the extent the Fund seeks capital appreciation through investment in Distressed
Debt, the Fund’s ability to achieve current income for its Shareholders may be diminished. The Fund also will be subject to significant
uncertainty as to when and in what manner and for what value the obligations evidenced by the Distressed Debt will eventually be satisfied
(e.g., through a liquidation of
the obligor’s assets, an exchange offer or plan of reorganization involving the Distressed Debt or a payment of some amount in satisfaction
of the obligation). Even if an exchange offer is made or plan of reorganization is adopted with respect to Distressed Debt held by the
Fund, there can be no assurance that the securities or other assets received by the Fund in connection with such exchange offer or plan
of reorganization will not have a lower value or income potential than may have been anticipated when the investment was made or no value.
Moreover, any securities received by the Fund upon completion of an exchange offer or plan of reorganization may be restricted as to resale.
Similarly, if the Fund participates in negotiations with respect to any exchange offer or plan of reorganization with respect to an issuer
of Distressed Debt, the Fund may be restricted from disposing of such securities. To the extent that the Fund becomes involved in such
proceedings, the Fund may have a more active participation in the affairs of the issuer than that assumed generally by an investor.
Credit
Risk. Credit risk is the risk that one or more loans or debt securities in
the Fund’s portfolio will decline in price or one or more Borrowers will fail to pay interest or principal when due because one
or more Borrowers experiences a decline in its financial condition. While a senior position in the capital structure of a Borrower may
provide some protection with respect to the Fund’s investments in Syndicated Loans, losses may still occur because the market value
of Syndicated Loans is affected by the creditworthiness of Borrowers and by general economic and specific industry conditions. To the
extent the Fund invests in below investment grade Corporate Bonds, Syndicated Loans or other investments, it will be exposed to a greater
amount of credit risk than a fund that invests in investment grade securities or loans. Typically, the prices of lower grade securities
or loans are more sensitive to negative developments, such as a decline in the Borrower’s revenues or a general economic downturn,
than are the prices of higher grade securities or loans.
Credit
Ratings Risk. Credit ratings represent only the opinion of a rating agency
with respect to the ability of a company to make principal and interest payments on its securities. In determining a credit rating, rating
agencies do not evaluate the risks of fluctuations in market value. Further, there may be limits on the effectiveness of the rating agencies’
financial models. For these and other reasons, a credit rating may not fully reflect the risks inherent in the relevant security. Further,
a rating agency may have a conflict of interest with respect to a security for which it assigns a particular rating. For example, if the
issuer or sponsor of a security pays a rating agency for the analysis of its security, a conflict of interest exists that could affect
the reliability of the rating. In addition, credit rating agencies may or may not make timely changes to a rating to reflect changes in
the economy or in the conditions of the issuer that affect the market value of the security. In other words, a security or an issuer may
maintain a certain credit rating even though conditions have deteriorated or improved since the rating was issued. Consequently, credit
ratings should not necessarily be relied upon as an indicator of investment quality. If a rating agency changes the rating assigned to
one or more of the Fund’s investments, the Fund is not required to sell the relevant securities.
Covenant
Breach Risk. A borrower may fail to satisfy financial or operating covenants
imposed by the Fund or other lenders, which could lead to defaults and, potentially, termination of its loans and foreclosure on its secured
assets, which could trigger cross-defaults under other agreements and jeopardize such company’s ability to meet its obligations
under the debt or equity securities that the Fund holds. The Fund may incur expenses to the extent necessary to seek recovery upon default
or to negotiate new terms, which may include the waiver of certain financial covenants, with a defaulting company.
Prepayment
Risk. During periods of declining interest rates, Borrowers may exercise their
option to prepay principal earlier than scheduled. For Corporate Bonds, such payments often occur during periods of declining interest
rates, which may require the Fund to reinvest in lower yielding securities, resulting in a possible decline in the Fund’s income
and dividends to Shareholders. This is known as prepayment or “call”
risk.
Below investment grade Corporate Bonds frequently have call features that allow the issuer to redeem the security at dates prior to its
stated maturity at a specified price (typically greater than the stated principal amount) only if certain prescribed conditions are met
(“Call Protection”). An issuer may redeem Corporate Bonds if, for example, the issuer can refinance the debt at a lower cost
due to declining interest rates or an improvement in the credit standing of the issuer. Fixed income securities may be purchased at prices
below or above their stated principal amount. For premium Corporate Bonds (Corporate Bonds acquired at prices that exceed their stated
principal amount), prepayment risk may be enhanced given that the Fund would lose the potential value of the yield-to-maturity of the
bonds in the event they are redeemed at the stated principal amount.
Syndicated
Loans and Subordinated Loans are subject to prepayment risk and typically do not have Call Protection. The degree to which Borrowers prepay
Syndicated Loans and Subordinated Loans, whether as a contractual requirement or at their election, may be affected by general business
conditions, the financial condition of the Borrower and competitive conditions among Syndicated Loan and Subordinated Loan investors,
among others. For these reasons, prepayments cannot be predicted with accuracy. Upon a prepayment, either in part or in full, the outstanding
debt from which the Fund derives interest income will be reduced. The Fund may not be able to reinvest the proceeds received on terms
as favorable as the prepaid loan.
Short
Sales Risk. A short sale is a transaction in which the Fund sells an instrument
that it does not own in anticipation that the market price will decline. To deliver the securities to the buyer, the Fund arranges through
a broker to borrow the securities and, in so doing, the Fund becomes obligated to replace the securities borrowed at their market price
at the time of replacement. When selling short, the Fund intends to replace the securities at a lower price and therefore profit from
the difference between the cost to replace the securities and the proceeds received from the sale of the securities. When the Fund makes
a short sale, the proceeds it receives from the sale will be held on behalf of a broker until the Fund replaces the borrowed securities.
The Fund may have to pay a premium to borrow the securities and must pay any dividends or interest payable on the securities until they
are replaced. The Fund’s obligation to replace the securities borrowed in connection with a short sale will be secured by collateral
deposited with the broker that consists of cash and/or liquid securities. Short sales involve certain risks and special considerations.
If the Fund incorrectly predicts that the price of the borrowed security will decline, the Fund will have to replace the securities with
securities with a greater value than the amount received from the sale. As a result, losses from short sales differ from losses that could
be incurred from a purchase of a security because losses from short sales may be unlimited, whereas losses from purchases can equal only
the total amount invested.
No
Control Over Portfolio Companies. The Fund does not expect to control most
of its portfolio companies, although its debt agreements with such portfolio companies may contain certain restrictive covenants. As a
result, the Fund is subject to the risk that a portfolio company in which it invests may make business decisions with which it disagrees
and the management of such company, as representatives of the holders of its common equity, may take risks or otherwise act in ways that
do not serve the Fund’s interests as a debt investor. A portfolio company may make decisions that could decrease the value of the
Fund’s portfolio holdings. The Fund may not be able to dispose of its interests in its portfolio companies as readily as it would
like or at an appropriate valuation, if it invests in non-traded companies. In addition, where the Fund is entitled to occupy a seat on
the board of a portfolio company, such involvement may prevent the Fund from freely disposing of its debt investments and may subject
the Fund to additional liability or result in re-characterization of its debt investments as equity.
Mezzanine
Investments Risk. The Fund may invest in mezzanine debt instruments, which
are expected to be unsecured and made in companies with capital structures having significant indebtedness ranking ahead of the investments,
all or a significant portion of which may be secured. While the investments may benefit from the same or similar financial and other covenants
as those applicable to the indebtedness ranking ahead of the investments and may benefit from cross-default provisions and security over
the company’s assets, some or all of such terms may not be part of particular investments and the mezzanine debt will be subordinated
in recovery to senior classes of debt in the event of a default. Mezzanine investments generally are subject to various risks, including,
without limitation: (i) a subsequent characterization of an investment as a “fraudulent conveyance”; (ii) the recovery
as a “preference” of liens
perfected
or payments made on account of a debt in the 90 days before a bankruptcy filing; (iii) equitable subordination claims by other
creditors; (iv) so-called “lender liability” claims by the issuer of the obligations; and (v) environmental liabilities
that may arise with respect to any collateral securing the obligations.
Convertible
Securities Risk. Convertible securities are bonds, debentures, notes, preferred
stocks or other securities that may be converted into or exchanged for a specified amount of common stock or other equity security of
the same or a different issuer within a particular period of time at a specified price or formula. A convertible security entitles its
holder to receive interest that is generally paid or accrued on debt or a dividend that is paid or accrued on preferred stock until the
convertible security matures or is redeemed, converted or exchanged. Convertible securities have unique investment characteristics in
that they generally: (i) have higher yields than common stocks, but lower yields than comparable non-convertible securities; (ii) are
less subject to fluctuation in value than the underlying common stock due to their fixed-income characteristics; and (iii) provide
the potential for capital appreciation if the market price of the underlying common stock increases.
The
value of a convertible security is a function of its “investment value,” or determined by its yield in comparison with the
yields of other securities of comparable maturity and quality that do not have a conversion privilege, and its “conversion value,”
or the security’s worth, at market value, if converted into the underlying common stock. The investment value of a convertible security
is influenced by changes in interest rates, with investment value declining as interest rates increase and increasing as interest rates
decline. The credit standing of the issuer and other factors also may have an effect on the convertible security’s investment value.
The conversion value of a convertible security is determined by the market price of the underlying common stock. If the conversion value
is low relative to the investment value, the price of the convertible security is governed principally by its investment value. To the
extent the market price of the underlying common stock approaches or exceeds the conversion price, the price of the convertible security
will be increasingly influenced by its conversion value. A convertible security generally will sell at a premium over its conversion value
by the extent to which investors place value on the right to acquire the underlying common stock while holding a fixed-income security.
Generally, the amount of the premium decreases as the convertible security approaches maturity. Although under normal market conditions
longer-term convertible debt securities have greater yields than do shorter-term convertible debt securities of similar quality, they
are subject to greater price fluctuations.
A
convertible security may be subject to redemption at the option of the issuer at a price established in the convertible security’s
governing instrument. If a convertible security held by the Fund is called for redemption, the Fund will be required to permit the issuer
to redeem the security, convert it into the underlying common stock or sell it to a third party. Any of these actions could have an adverse
effect on the Fund’s ability to achieve its investment objective.
Equity
Securities Risk. The value of equity securities, including common stocks, preferred
stocks and convertible stocks, will fluctuate in response to factors affecting the particular company, as well as broader market and economic
conditions. Moreover, in the event of a company’s bankruptcy, claims of certain creditors, including bondholders, will have priority
over claims of holders of common stock and are likely to have varying types of priority over holders of preferred and convertible stock.
Equity
markets may experience significant short-term volatility and may fall sharply at times. Different markets may behave differently from
each other and U.S. equity markets may move in the opposite direction from one or more foreign stock markets. Adverse events in any part
of the equity or fixed-income markets may have unexpected negative effects on other market segments. The prices of individual equity securities
generally do not all move in the same direction at the same time and a variety of factors can affect the price of a particular company’s
securities. These factors may include, but are not limited to, poor earnings reports, a loss of customers, litigation against the company,
general unfavorable performance of the company’s sector or industry, or changes in government regulations affecting the company
or its industry.
Risks
Associated with Investments in Equity Securities Incidental to Investments in Syndicated Loans. Investments
in equity securities incidental to investments in Syndicated Loans or other debt instruments entail certain risks in addition to those
associated with investments in Syndicated Loans or
other
debt instruments. Because equity is merely the residual value of a Borrower after all claims and other interests, it is inherently more
risky than Syndicated Loans or other debt instruments of the same Borrower. The value of the equity securities may be affected more rapidly,
and to a greater extent, by company- and industry-specific developments and general market conditions. These risks may increase fluctuations
in the NAV of the common shares. The Fund frequently may possess material non-public information about a Borrower as a result of its ownership
of a Syndicated Loan or other debt instruments of a Borrower. Because of prohibitions on trading in securities while in possession of
material non-public information, the Fund might be unable to enter into a transaction in a security of the Borrower when it would otherwise
be advantageous to do so.
Dividends. The
Fund may invest in equity securities from time to time. Dividends relating to these equity securities may not be fixed, but may be declared
at the discretion of a portfolio company’s board of directors. There is no guarantee that a company in which the Fund invests will
declare dividends in the future or that, if declared, the dividends will remain at current levels or increase over time.
Derivatives
Risk.
The
Fund’s use of derivative instruments involves investment risks and transaction costs to which the Fund would not be subject absent
the use of these instruments and, accordingly, may result in losses greater than if they had not been used. The use of derivative instruments
may have risks including, among others, leverage risk, market risk, volatility risk, duration mismatch risk, correlation risk, counterparty
risk, market liquidity risk, fund liquidity risk and legal and operational risk.
Swap
Agreements Risk. The
Fund may enter into swap agreements, including interest rate and index swap agreements, for hedging purposes, as a form of leverage or
to seek to obtain a particular desired return at a lower cost to the Fund than if the Fund had invested directly in an instrument yielding
the desired return. Swap agreements are often two party contracts entered into primarily by institutional investors for periods ranging
from a few weeks to more than one year. In a typical “swap” transaction, two parties agree to exchange the returns (or differentials
in rates of return) earned or realized on particular predetermined investments or instruments. Some swaps may be subject to central clearing
and exchange trading. Whether the Fund’s use of swap agreements will be successful in furthering its investment objective will depend
on the Advisors’ ability to correctly predict whether certain types of investments are likely to produce greater returns than other
investments. Because they are two party contracts and because they may have terms of greater than seven days, some swap agreements may
be considered by the Fund to be illiquid. Moreover, the Fund bears the risk of loss of the amount expected to be received under a swap
agreement in the event of the default or bankruptcy of a bi-lateral swap agreement counterparty. The Fund may seek to reduce this risk
to some extent by entering into a transaction only if the counterparty meets the Advisors’ current credit standards for OTC option
counterparties. In the case of a cleared swap, the Fund bears the risk that the clearinghouse may default. Swap agreements also bear the
risk that the Fund will not be able to meet its payment obligations to the counterparty. Restrictions imposed by the tax rules applicable
to RICs may limit the Fund’s ability to use swap agreements. It is possible that developments in the swap market, including further
government regulation, could adversely affect the Fund’s ability to enter into or terminate swap agreements or to realize amounts
to be received under these agreements. Swap transactions may involve substantial leverage.
The
Fund may enter into credit default swap agreements and similar agreements, and may also buy credit-linked securities. Credit default swaps
are often structured with significant leverage and may be considered speculative. The credit default swap agreement or similar instrument
may have as reference obligations one or more securities that are not currently held by the Fund. The protection “buyer” in
a credit default contract may be obligated to pay the protection “seller” an upfront payment or a periodic stream of payments
over the term of the contract provided generally that no credit event on a reference obligation has occurred. If a credit event occurs,
the seller generally must pay the buyer the “par value” (full notional value) of the swap in exchange for an equal
face amount of deliverable obligations of the reference entity described in the swap, or the seller may be required to deliver the related
net cash amount, if the swap is cash settled. The Fund may be either the buyer or seller in the transaction. If the Fund is a buyer and
no credit event occurs, the Fund recovers nothing if the swap is held through its termination date. However, if a credit event occurs,
the Fund may elect to receive the full notional value of the swap in exchange for an
equal
face amount of deliverable obligations of the reference entity that may have little or no value. As a seller, the Fund generally receives
an upfront payment or a fixed rate of income throughout the term of the swap, which typically is between six months and three years,
provided that there is no credit event. If a credit event occurs, generally the seller must pay the buyer the full notional value of the
swap in exchange for an equal face amount of deliverable obligations of the reference entity that may have little or no value.
Swaptions
Risk. The Fund, to the extent permitted under applicable law, may enter into
“swaptions”, which are options on swap agreements on either an asset-based or liability-based basis. A swaption is a contract
that gives a counterparty the right (but not the obligation) to enter into a new swap agreement or to shorten, extend, cancel or otherwise
modify an existing swap agreement, at some designated future time on specified terms. The Fund may write (sell) and purchase put and call
swaptions. Depending on the terms of the particular option agreement, the Fund generally will incur a greater degree of risk when it writes
a swaption than it will incur when it purchases a swaption. When the Fund purchases a swaption, it risks losing only the amount of the
premium it has paid should it decide to let the option expire unexercised. When the Fund writes a swaption, upon exercise of the option,
the Fund will become obligated according to the terms of the underlying agreement.
Credit-Linked
Securities Risk. Among the income producing securities in which the Fund may
invest are credit-linked securities, which generally are issued by a limited purpose trust or other vehicle that, in turn, invests in
a Derivative instrument or basket of Derivative instruments, such as credit default swaps, interest rate swaps and other securities, in
order to provide exposure to certain fixed income markets. For instance, the Fund may invest in credit-linked securities as a cash management
tool in order to gain exposure to a certain market and/or to remain fully invested when more traditional income producing securities are
not available.
Like
an investment in a bond, investments in credit-linked securities generally represent the right to receive periodic income payments (in
the form of dividends) and payment of principal at the end of the term of the security. However, these payments are conditioned on the
issuer’s receipt of payments from, and the issuer’s potential obligations to, the counterparties to the Derivative instruments
and other securities in which the issuer invests. For instance, the issuer may sell one or more credit default swaps, under which the
issuer would receive a stream of payments over the term of the swap agreements provided that no event of default has occurred with respect
to the referenced debt obligation upon which the swap is based. If a default occurs, the stream of payments may stop and the issuer would
be obligated to pay the counterparty the par (or other agreed upon value) of the referenced debt obligation. This, in turn, would reduce
the amount of income and principal that the Fund would receive as an investor in the issuer. The Fund’s investments in these instruments
are indirectly subject to the risks associated with Derivatives, including, among others, credit risk and leverage risk. There may be
no established trading market for these securities and they may constitute illiquid investments.
Structured
Products Risk.
General. The
Fund may invest in structured products, including, without limitation, investment grade rated CLO Debt Securities and structured notes.
Holders of structured products bear risks of the underlying investments, index or reference obligation and are subject to counterparty
risk.
The
Fund may have the right to receive payments only from the structured product, and generally does not have direct rights against the issuer
or the entity that sold the assets to be securitized. While certain structured products enable the investor to acquire interests in a
pool of securities without the brokerage and other expenses associated with directly holding the same assets, investors in structured
products generally pay their share of the structured product’s administrative and other expenses. Although it is difficult to predict
whether the prices of indices and securities underlying structured products will rise or fall, these prices (and, therefore, the prices
of structured products) will be influenced by the same types of political and economic events that affect issuers of securities and capital
markets generally. If the issuer of a structured product uses shorter-term financing to purchase longer term securities, the issuer may
be forced to sell its securities at below market prices if it experiences difficulty in obtaining short-term financing, which may adversely
affect the value of the structured products owned by the Fund.
Investments
in structured products involve risks, including credit risk and market risk. Certain structured products may be thinly traded or have
a limited trading market. Where the Fund’s investments in
structured
products are based upon the movement of one or more factors, including currency exchange rates, interest rates, reference bonds and share
indices, depending on the factor used and the use of multipliers or deflators, changes in interest rates and movement of the factor may
cause significant price fluctuations. Additionally, changes in the reference instrument or security may cause the interest rate on the
structured product to be reduced to zero, and any further changes in the reference instrument may then reduce the principal amount payable
on maturity. Structured products may be less liquid than other types of securities and more volatile than the reference instrument or
security underlying the product.
The
Fund may invest in structured products collateralized by below investment grade or distressed loans or securities. Investments in such
structured products are subject to the risks associated with below investment grade securities. Such securities are characterized by high
risk. It is likely that an economic recession could severely disrupt the market for such securities and may have an adverse impact on
the value of such securities.
Collateralized
Debt Obligations. Cash flows in a CDO are split into two or more tranches,
with differing payment characteristics, credit ratings, risks, and yield. The rated tranches of CDO debt securities are generally assigned
credit ratings by one or more NRSROs. Residual tranches are the most junior and are not rated. The Fund will not invest in residual tranches
and will invest only in rated tranches of CDO debt securities. CDO debt securities are limited recourse and may not be paid in full and
may be subject to up to a 100% loss. The riskiest portion is the “equity” tranche, which bears the first loss from defaults
from the underlying pool of bonds and serves to protect the other, more senior tranches from default (though such protection is not complete).
Since it is partially protected from defaults, a senior tranche from a CDO typically has higher ratings and lower yields than its underlying
securities, and may be rated investment grade. Despite the protection from the equity tranche, CDO tranches can experience substantial
losses due to actual defaults, downgrades of the underlying collateral by rating agencies, forced liquidation of the collateral pool due
to a failure of coverage tests, increased sensitivity to defaults due to collateral default and disappearance of protecting tranches,
market anticipation of defaults as well as investor aversion to CDO securities as a class. CDOs carry additional risks including, but
not limited to: (i) the possibility that distributions from collateral securities may not be adequate to make interest or other payments;
(ii) the risk that the collateral may default or decline in value or be downgraded, if rated by an NRSRO; (iii) the Fund is
likely to invest in tranches of CDOs that are subordinate to other tranches; (iv) the structure and complexity of the transaction
and the legal documents could lead to disputes among investors regarding the characterization of proceeds; (v) the investment return
achieved by the Fund could be significantly different than those predicted by financial models; (vi) the lack of a readily available
secondary market for CDOs; (vii) the risk of forced “fire sale” liquidations due to technical defaults such as coverage
test failures; and (viii) the CDO’s manager may perform poorly.
Risk
of Leveraged Loan Market Price Decline. Prior to the onset of the financial
crisis, CLOs holding corporate loans, hedge funds and other highly leveraged investment vehicles comprised a substantial portion of the
market for purchasing and holding first and second lien secured loans. As the secondary market pricing of the loans underlying these portfolios
deteriorated during the fourth quarter of 2008, it is the Fund’s understanding that many investors, as a result of their generally
high degrees of leverage, were forced to raise cash by selling their interests in performing loans to satisfy margin requirements or the
equivalent of margin requirements imposed by their lenders. This resulted in a forced deleveraging cycle of price declines, compulsory
sales and further price declines, with widespread redemption requests and other constraints resulting from the credit crisis generating
further selling pressure.
Conditions
in the leveraged loan market may experience similar disruption or deterioration, which may cause pricing levels to similarly decline or
be volatile. As a result, the Fund may suffer unrealized depreciation and could incur realized losses in connection with the sale of the
Fund’s syndicated loans, which could have a material adverse impact on the Fund’s business, financial condition and results
of operations.
When-Issued
Securities and Forward Commitments. Securities may be purchased on a “forward
commitment” or “when-issued” basis, meaning securities are purchased or sold with payment and delivery taking place
in the future, to secure what is considered to be an advantageous price and yield at the time of entering into the transaction. However,
the return on a comparable security when the transaction is
consummated
may vary from the return on the security at the time that the forward commitment or when-issued transaction was made. From the time of
entering into the transaction until delivery and payment is made at a later date, the securities that are the subject of the transaction
are subject to market fluctuations. In forward commitment or when-issued transactions, if the seller or buyer, as the case may be, fails
to consummate the transaction, the counterparty may miss the opportunity of obtaining a price or yield considered to be advantageous.
Forward commitment or when-issued transactions may occur a month or more before delivery is due. However, no payment or delivery is made
until payment is received or delivery is made from the other party to the transaction.
Repurchase
Agreements and Reverse Repurchase Agreements Risk. Repurchase agreements carry
certain risks not associated with direct investments in securities, including a possible decline in the market value of the underlying
obligations. If their value becomes less than the repurchase price, plus any agreed-upon additional amount, the counterparty must provide
additional collateral so that at all times the collateral is at least equal to the repurchase price plus any agreed-upon additional amount.
The difference between the total amount to be received upon repurchase of the obligations and the price that was paid by the Fund upon
acquisition is accrued as interest and included in its net investment income.
Repurchase
agreements involving obligations other than U.S. Government securities (such as commercial paper and Corporate Bonds) may be subject to
special risks and may not have the benefit of certain protections in the event of the counterparty’s insolvency. In the event of
the bankruptcy or other default of a seller of a repurchase agreement, the Fund could experience both delays in liquidating the underlying
securities and losses, including (i) possible decline in the value of the underlying security during the period in which the Fund
seeks to enforce its rights thereto; (ii) possible lack of access to income on the underlying security during this period; and (iii) expenses
of enforcing its rights.
Reverse
repurchase agreements involve the risk that the buyer of the securities sold by the Fund might be unable to deliver them when the Fund
seeks to repurchase. In the event that the buyer of securities under a reverse repurchase agreement files for bankruptcy or becomes insolvent,
the buyer, trustee or receiver may receive an extension of time to determine whether to enforce the Fund’s obligation to repurchase
the securities, and the Fund’s use of the proceeds of the reverse repurchase agreement may effectively be restricted pending such
decision.
U.S.
Government Debt Securities Risk. U.S. Government debt securities historically
have not involved the credit risks associated with investments in other types of debt securities, although, as a result, the yields available
from U.S. Government debt securities are generally lower than the yields available from other securities. Like other debt securities,
however, the values of U.S. Government securities change as interest rates fluctuate and in 2011 the credit rating of the United States
was downgraded. Fluctuations in the value of portfolio securities will not affect interest income on existing portfolio securities but
will be reflected in the Fund’s NAV. Because the magnitude of these fluctuations will generally be greater at times when the Fund’s
average maturity is longer, under certain market conditions, the Fund may, for temporary defensive purposes, accept lower current income
from short-term investments rather than investing in higher yielding long-term securities.
Counterparty
Risk. The Fund’s investments may be exposed to the credit risk of the
counterparties with which, or the dealers, brokers and exchanges through which, the Fund deals, whether in exchange-traded or OTC transactions.
The Fund may be subject to the risk of loss of Fund assets on deposit or being settled or cleared with a broker in the event of the broker’s
bankruptcy, the bankruptcy of any clearing broker through which the broker executes and clears transactions on behalf of the Fund, the
bankruptcy of an exchange clearing house or the bankruptcy of any other counterparty. In the case of any such bankruptcy, it is expected
that all securities and other assets deposited with such broker or dealer will be clearly identified as being assets of the Fund and the
Fund should not be exposed to a credit risk with regard to such parties. However, it may not always be possible to achieve this and the
Fund might recover, even in respect of property specifically traceable to the Fund, only a pro rata
share of all property available for distribution to all of the counterparty’s customers and counterparties. Such an amount may be
less than the amounts owed to the Fund. Such events would have an adverse effect on the Fund’s NAV.
Liquidity
Risk. The Fund generally considers “illiquid securities” to be
securities or loans that cannot be sold within seven days in the ordinary course of business at approximately the value used by the Fund
in determining its NAV. The Fund may not be able to readily dispose of such securities or loans at prices that
approximate
those at which the Fund could sell the securities or loans if they were more widely traded and, as a result of that illiquidity, the Fund
may have to sell other investments or engage in borrowing transactions if necessary to raise cash to meet its obligations. Limited liquidity
can also affect the market price of securities, thereby adversely affecting the Fund’s NAV and ability to make dividend distributions.
Some
Syndicated Loans are not readily marketable and may be subject to restrictions on resale. Syndicated Loans generally are not listed on
any national securities exchange and no active trading market may exist for the Syndicated Loans in which the Fund may invest. When a
secondary market exists, if at all, the market for some Syndicated Loans may be subject to irregular trading activity, wide bid/ask spreads
and extended trade settlement periods. The Fund has no limitation on the amount of its assets that may be invested in securities that
are not readily marketable or are subject to restrictions on resale.
Valuation
Risk. Where possible, the Advisor utilizes independent pricing services to
value certain portfolio instruments at their market value. If the pricing services are unable to provide a market value or if a significant
event occurs such that the valuation(s) provided are deemed unreliable, the Advisor may value portfolio instrument(s) at their fair value,
which is generally the amount an owner might reasonably expect to receive upon a current sale. Valuation risks associated with investing
in Syndicated Loans including, but not limited to: a limited number of market participants compared to publicly traded investment grade
securities, a lack of publicly available information about some borrowers, resale restrictions, settlement delays, corporate actions and
adverse market conditions may make it difficult to value or sell such instruments.
A
large percentage of the Fund’s portfolio investments are not publicly traded. The fair value of investments that are not publicly
traded may not be readily determinable. The Advisor values these investments at fair value as determined in good faith. The types of factors
that may be considered in valuing the Fund’s investments include the enterprise value of the portfolio company (the entire value
of the portfolio company to a market participant, including the sum of the values of debt and equity securities used to capitalize the
enterprise at a point in time), the nature and realizable value of any collateral, the portfolio company’s ability to make payments
and its earnings and discounted cash flows, the markets in which the portfolio company does business, a comparison of the portfolio company’s
securities to similar publicly traded securities, changes in the interest rate environment and the credit markets generally that may affect
the price at which similar investments would trade in their principal markets and other relevant factors. When an external event such
as a purchase transaction, public offering or subsequent equity sale occurs, the Advisor considers the pricing indicated by the external
event to corroborate the Advisor’s valuation. Because such valuations, and particularly valuations of private investments and private
companies, are inherently uncertain, may fluctuate over short periods of time and may be based on estimates, the Advisor’s determinations
of fair value may differ materially from the values that would have been used if a ready market for these investments existed and may
differ materially from the values that the Fund may ultimately realize. The Fund’s NAV per share could be adversely affected if
the Advisor’s determinations regarding the fair value of these investments are higher than the values that the Fund realizes upon
disposition of such investments.
Leverage
Risk. The Fund intends to utilize leverage and may utilize leverage to the
maximum extent permitted by law for investment and other general corporate purposes. The Fund may obtain leverage by issuing preferred
shares and/or notes and it may also borrow funds from banks and other financial institutions. The Fund may also gain leverage synthetically
through swaps and other Derivatives. The use of leverage to purchase additional securities creates an opportunity for increased Share
dividends, but also creates risks for the Fund’s Shareholders, including increased variability of the Fund’s net income, distributions,
NAV of its Shares in relation to market changes. Leverage is a speculative technique that exposes the Fund to greater risk and increased
costs than if it were not implemented. Increases and decreases in the value of the Fund’s portfolio will be magnified if the Fund
uses leverage. In particular, leverage may magnify interest rate risk, which is the risk that the prices of portfolio securities will
fall (or rise) if market interest rates for those types of securities rise (or fall). As a result, leverage may cause greater changes
in the Fund’s NAV, which will be borne entirely by the Fund’s Shareholders, and in the price at which its Shares trade in
the secondary market. To the extent that the Fund makes investments in Syndicated Loans or other debt instruments structured with floors
based on LIBOR, SOFR, or another reference rate, the Fund will not realize additional income if rates increase during periods when LIBOR,
SOFR,
or another reference rate remains below the applicable floor but the Fund’s cost of financing is expected to increase, resulting
in the potential for a decrease in the level of income available for dividends or distributions made by the Fund. If the Fund issues preferred
shares, such as the MRP Shares, and/or notes or engages in other borrowings, it will have to pay dividends on its preferred shares or
interest on its notes or borrowings, which will increase expenses and may reduce the Fund’s return. These dividend payments or interest
expenses (which will be borne entirely by Shareholders) may be greater than the Fund’s return on the underlying investments. The
Fund’s leveraging strategy, if utilized, may not be successful.
The
Fund may issue preferred shares and/or notes or other forms of indebtedness as a form of leverage. These means of obtaining leverage would
be senior to the Fund’s Shares, such that holders of preferred shares and/or notes or other Fund indebtedness would have priority
over the Shareholders in the distribution of the Fund’s assets, including dividends, distributions of principal and liquidating
distributions. If preferred shares are issued and outstanding, holders of preferred shares would vote together with the holders of Shares
on all matters, including the election of trustees. Additionally, holders of preferred shares would have the right separately to elect
two trustees of the Fund, voting separately as a class, and would vote separately as a class on certain matters which may at times give
holders of preferred shares disproportionate influence over the Fund’s affairs. If the preferred shares were limited in their term,
redemptions of such preferred shares would require the Fund to liquidate its investments and would reduce the Fund’s use of leverage,
which could negatively impact Shareholders. Because the Fund has issued Preferred Shares and has issued other forms of indebtedness, its
ability to make distributions to its Shareholders is limited by the asset coverage requirements and other limitations imposed by the 1940
Act and the terms of the Fund’s indebtedness.
As
a closed-end management investment company, the Fund is permitted, under specified conditions, to issue senior securities that are stock
if the Fund’s asset coverage, as defined in the 1940 Act, is at least equal to 200% immediately after issuance. As defined in the
1940 Act, asset coverage of 200% means that for every $100 of net assets the Fund holds, the Fund may raise $100 from issuing senior securities.
Under the 1940 Act, the preferred stock the Fund issues, including the MRP Shares, will constitute a “senior security” for
purposes of the 200% asset coverage test. In addition, while any senior securities remain outstanding, the Fund will be required to make
provisions to prohibit any dividend distribution to the Fund’s shareholders or the repurchase of such securities or shares unless
the Fund meets the applicable asset coverage ratios at the time of the distribution or repurchase after giving effect to the distribution
or repurchase. The Fund is also permitted to borrow amounts up to 5% of the value of the Fund’s total assets for temporary purposes
without regard to asset coverage, which borrowings would not be considered senior securities, provided that any such borrowings in excess
of 5% of the value of the Fund’s total assets would be subject to the asset coverage ratio requirements of the 1940 Act, even if
for temporary purposes.
Under
the 1940 Act, the Fund is permitted to incur greater effective leverage through the use of preferred stock than through the use of debt.
As a result of the Fund’s issuance of the MRP Shares, the risk of the Fund incurring additional losses from its use of leverage
is further heightened. The Fund may also choose to add leverage through the issuance of additional Preferred Shares.
The
Fund will pay (and Shareholders will bear) all costs and expenses relating to the issuance and ongoing maintenance of any preferred shares
and/or notes or other forms of indebtedness issued by the Fund, including higher advisory fees. As a result, the Fund cannot assure you
that the issuance of preferred shares and/or notes or other forms of indebtedness will provide a higher yield or return to the holders
of the Fund’s Shares. If the Fund offers and/or issues preferred shares and/or notes or other forms of indebtedness, the costs of
the offering will be borne immediately by the Fund’s Shareholders and result in a reduction of the NAV of the Fund’s Shares.
The
Fund anticipates that any money borrowed from a bank or other financial institution for investment purposes will accrue interest based
on shorter-term interest rates that would be periodically reset. So long as the Fund’s portfolio provides a higher rate of return,
net of expenses, than the interest rate on borrowed money, as reset periodically, the leverage may cause Shareholders to receive a higher
current rate of return than if the Fund were not leveraged. If, however, long-term and/or short-term rates rise, the interest rate on
borrowed money could exceed the rate of return on securities held by the Fund, reducing returns to Shareholders. Developments in the credit
markets may adversely affect the ability of the Fund to borrow for investment purposes and may increase the costs of such borrowings,
which would reduce returns to Shareholders.
There
is no assurance that a leveraging strategy will be successful. Leverage involves risks and special considerations for Shareholders, including:
•
the
likelihood of greater volatility of NAV and dividend rate of Shares than a comparable portfolio without leverage;
•
the
risk that fluctuations in interest rates on borrowings or in dividend payments on, principal proceeds distributed to, or redemption of
any preferred shares and/or notes or other forms of indebtedness that the Fund has issued will reduce the return to the Shareholders;
•
the
effect of leverage in a declining market, which is likely to cause a greater decline in the NAV of the Fund’s Shares than if the
Fund were not leveraged;
•
when
the Fund uses financial leverage, the investment advisory fees payable to the Advisors will be higher than if the Fund did not use leverage,
and may provide a financial incentive to the Advisors to increase the Fund’s use of leverage and create an inherent conflict of
interest; and
•
leverage
may increase expenses (which will be borne entirely by Shareholders), which may reduce total return.
If
the Fund issues preferred shares and/or notes or other forms of indebtedness, the Fund may be subject to certain restrictions on investments
imposed by the guidelines of one or more rating agencies, which may issue ratings for the preferred shares and/or notes or short-term
debt securities issued by the Fund, or may be subject to covenants or other restrictions imposed by its lenders. These guidelines may
impose asset coverage or portfolio composition requirements that are more stringent than those imposed by the 1940 Act. Certain types
of borrowings by the Fund may result in the Fund being subject to covenants relating to asset coverage and portfolio composition requirements.
These covenants and restrictions may negatively affect the Fund’s ability to achieve its investment objective. The Fund is subject
to certain requirements described above in connection with its issuance of the MRP Shares.
Effects
of Leverage. The table below assumes that the Fund’s continued use of
Preferred Shares represents approximately 11.48% of the Fund’s Managed Assets, borrowings represent approximately 18.87% of the
Fund’s Managed Assets as of March 31, 2023 and the Fund bears expenses relating to such Preferred Shares and borrowings at
annual effective stated interest rates of 2.98% and 6.16%,
respectively (based on dividend rates for such Preferred Shares and interest rates for such borrowings as of a recent date). The table
below also assumes that the annual return that the Fund’s portfolio must experience (net of expenses not related to Preferred Shares
or borrowings) in order to cover the costs of such leverage would be approximately 1.42%. These figures are estimates based on current
market conditions, used for illustration purposes only. Actual expenses associated with Preferred Shares and borrowings used by the Fund
may vary frequently and may be significantly higher or lower than the rate used for the example above.
The
following table is designed to illustrate the effects of the Fund’s leverage due to senior securities on corresponding Share total
return, assuming investment portfolio total returns (consisting of income and changes in the value of investments held in the Fund’s
portfolio) of -10%, -5%, 0%, 5% and 10%.
These assumed investment portfolio returns are hypothetical figures and are not necessarily indicative of the investment portfolio returns
expected to be experienced by the Fund. Your actual returns may be greater or less than those appearing below.
|
Assumed
Return on Portfolio |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
(Net
of Expenses not related to Preferred Shares or borrowings) |
|
|
|
|
(10.00)% |
|
|
|
|
|
(5.00)% |
|
|
|
|
|
0.00% |
|
|
|
|
|
5.00% |
|
|
|
|
|
10.00% |
|
|
|
Corresponding
Share Total Return |
|
|
|
|
(17.24)% |
|
|
|
|
|
(9.69)% |
|
|
|
|
|
(2.14)% |
|
|
|
|
|
5.40% |
|
|
|
|
|
12.95% |
|
|
Corresponding
Share total return is composed of two elements — the Share dividends paid by the Fund (the amount of which is largely
determined by the net investment income of the Fund after paying dividends on Preferred Shares and interest expenses on the Fund’s
borrowings) and gains or losses on the value of the securities the Fund owns.
Warrants
Risk. Warrants give holders the right, but not the obligation, to buy common
stock of an issuer at a given price, usually higher than the market price at the time of issuance, during a specified period. The risk
of investing in a warrant is that the warrant may expire prior to the market value of the common stock exceeding the price fixed by the
warrant. Warrants have a subordinate claim on a borrower’s assets compared with Syndicated Loans. As a result, the values of warrants
generally are dependent on the financial condition of the borrower and less dependent on fluctuations in interest rates than are the values
of many debt securities. The values of warrants may be more volatile than those of Syndicated Loans or Corporate Bonds and this may increase
the volatility of the NAV of the common shares.
Contingent
Liabilities. From
time to time the Fund may incur contingent liabilities in connection with an investment. For example, the Fund may purchase a revolving
credit facility from a lender that has not yet been fully drawn. If the borrower subsequently draws down on the facility, the Fund would
be obligated to fund the amounts due. The Fund may also enter into agreements pursuant to which it agrees to assume responsibility for
default risk presented by a third party, and may, on the other hand, enter into agreements through which third parties offer default protection
to the Fund.
Cost
of Capital and Net Investment Income Risk. If the Fund uses debt to finance
investments, its net investment income may depend, in part, upon the difference between the rate at which it borrows funds and the rate
at which it invests those funds. As a result, the Fund can offer no assurance that a significant change in market interest rates will
not have a material adverse effect on the Fund’s net investment income. In periods of rising interest rates when it has debt outstanding,
the Fund’s cost of funds will increase, which could reduce the Fund’s net investment income. The Fund may use interest rate
risk management techniques in an effort to limit its exposure to interest rate fluctuations. These techniques may include various interest
rate hedging activities to the extent permitted by the 1940 Act. These activities may limit its ability to participate in the benefits
of lower interest rates with respect to the hedged portfolio. Adverse developments resulting from changes in interest rates or hedging
transactions could have a material adverse effect on the Fund’s business, financial condition and results of operations.
A
rise in the general level of interest rates can be expected to lead to higher interest rates applicable to the Fund’s debt investments,
particularly to the extent that it holds floating rate debt securities. Accordingly, an increase in interest rates would make it easier
for the Fund to meet or exceed
the Incentive Fee hurdle rate and may result in a substantial increase to the amount of Incentive Fees payable to the Advisors with respect
to pre-incentive fee net investment income. See “Management and Incentive Fees.”
Distressed
Investments, Litigation, Bankruptcy and Other Proceedings Risk. Investments
in distressed securities involve a material risk of involving the Fund in a related litigation. Such litigation can be time consuming
and expensive, and can frequently lead to unpredicted delays or losses. Litigation expenses, including payments pursuant to settlements
or judgments, generally will be borne by the Fund.
There
are a number of significant risks when investing in companies involved in bankruptcy or other reorganization proceedings, and many events
in a bankruptcy are the product of contested matters and adversary proceedings which are beyond the control of the creditors. A bankruptcy
filing may have adverse and permanent effects on a company. Further, if the proceeding is converted to a liquidation, the liquidation
value of the company may not equal the liquidation value that was believed to exist at the time of the investment. In addition, the duration
of a bankruptcy or other reorganization proceeding is difficult to predict. A creditor’s return on investment can be impacted adversely
by delays while a plan of reorganization is being negotiated, approved by the creditors and, if applicable, confirmed by the bankruptcy
court, and until it ultimately becomes effective. In bankruptcy, certain claims, such as claims for taxes, wages and certain trade claims,
may have priority by law over the claims of certain creditors and administrative costs in connection with a bankruptcy proceeding are
frequently high and will be paid out of the debtor’s estate prior to any return to creditors.
Certain
fixed-income securities invested in by the Fund could be subject to U.S. federal, state or non-U.S. bankruptcy laws or fraudulent transfer
or conveyance laws, if such securities were issued with the intent of hindering, delaying or defrauding creditors or, in certain circumstances,
if the issuer receives less than reasonably equivalent value or fair consideration in return for issuing such securities. If a court were
to find that the issuance of the securities was a fraudulent transfer or conveyance, the court could void the payment obligations under
the securities, further subordinate the securities to other existing and future
indebtedness
of the issuer or require the Fund to repay any amounts received by it with respect to the securities. In the event of a finding that a
fraudulent transfer or conveyance occurred, the Fund may not receive any payment on the securities. If the Fund or the Advisors is found
to have interfered with the affairs of a company in which the Fund holds a debt investment, to the detriment of other creditors or common
shareholders of such company, the Fund may be held liable for damages to injured parties or a bankruptcy court. While the Fund will attempt
to avoid taking the types of action that would lead to such liability, there can be no assurance that such claims will not be asserted
or that the Fund will be able to successfully defend against them. Moreover, such debt may be disallowed or subordinated to the claims
of other creditors or treated as equity.
Insofar
as the Fund’s portfolio includes obligations of non-United States obligors, the laws of certain foreign jurisdictions may provide
for avoidance remedies under factual circumstances similar to those described above or under different circumstances, with consequences
that may or may not be analogous to those described above under U.S. federal or state laws. Changes in bankruptcy laws (including U.S.
federal and state laws and applicable non-United States laws) may adversely impact the Fund’s securities.
Lender
Liability Risk. A number of U.S. judicial decisions have upheld judgments of
borrowers against lending institutions on the basis of various evolving legal theories, collectively termed “lender liability”.
Generally, lender liability is founded on the premise that a lender has violated a duty (whether implied or contractual) of good faith,
commercial reasonableness and fair dealing, or a similar duty owed to the Borrower or has assumed an excessive degree of control over
the Borrower resulting in the creation of a fiduciary duty owed to the Borrower or its other creditors or shareholders. Because of the
nature of its investments, the Fund may be subject to allegations of lender liability.
In
addition, under common law principles that in some cases form the basis for lender liability claims, if a lender or bondholder (i) intentionally
takes an action that results in the undercapitalization of a Borrower to the detriment of other creditors of such Borrower; (ii) engages
in inequitable conduct to the detriment of the other creditors; (iii) engages in fraud with respect to, or makes misrepresentations
to, the other creditors; or (iv) uses its influence as a shareholder to dominate or control a Borrower to the detriment of other
creditors of the Borrower, a court may elect to subordinate the claim of the offending lender or bondholder to the claims of the disadvantaged
creditor or creditors, a remedy called “equitable subordination”.
Because
affiliates of, or persons related to, the Advisors may hold equity or other interests in obligors of the Fund, the Fund could be exposed
to claims for equitable subordination or lender liability or both based on such equity or other holdings.
Sourcing
of Suitable Assets Risk. No assurance can be given the Advisors will be able
to find enough appropriate investments that meet the Fund’s investment criteria.
Reinvestment
Risk. The Fund may reinvest the cash flows received from a security. There
is a risk that the interest rate at which interim cash flows can be reinvested will fall. Reinvestment risk is greater for longer holding
periods and for securities with large, early cash flows such as high-coupon bonds. Reinvestment risk also applies generally to the reinvestment
of the proceeds the Fund receives upon the maturity or sale of an investment in a portfolio company.
Small-Cap
and Mid-Cap Risk. The Fund may invest from time to time in smaller and midsize
companies and the securities of such portfolio companies tend to be more volatile and less liquid than those of larger companies. The
markets for these securities are also less liquid than those for larger companies. This can adversely affect the prices at which the Fund
can purchase and sell these securities, and thus the value of the Shares.
Privately
Held Middle-Market Company Risk. The Fund’s direct lending investments
primarily represent investments in privately held U.S. middle market companies. Investments in privately held middle-market companies
involve a number of significant risks, including the following:
•
these
companies may have limited financial resources and may be unable to meet their obligations, which may be accompanied by a deterioration
in the value of any collateral and a reduction in the likelihood of the Fund realizing any guarantees it may have obtained in connection
with its investment;
•
they
typically have shorter operating histories, narrower product lines and smaller market shares than larger businesses, which tend to render
them more vulnerable to competitors’ actions and market conditions, as well as general economic downturns;
•
they
typically depend on the management talents and efforts of a small group of persons; therefore, the death, disability, resignation or termination
of one or more of these persons could have a material adverse effect on the Fund’s portfolio company and, in turn, on us;
•
there
is generally little public information about these companies. These companies and their financial information are not subject to the Exchange
Act and other regulations that govern public companies, and the Fund may be unable to uncover all material information about these companies,
which may prevent the Fund from making a fully informed investment decision and cause us to lose money on the Fund’s investments;
•
they
generally have less predictable operating results and may require substantial additional capital to support their operations, finance
expansion or maintain their competitive position;
•
the
Fund’s executive officers, trustees and the Advisors may, in the ordinary course of business, be named as defendants in litigation
arising from the Fund’s investments in the Fund’s portfolio companies;
•
changes
in laws and regulations, as well as their interpretations, may adversely affect their business, financial structure or prospects; and
•
they
may have difficulty accessing the capital markets to meet future capital needs.
Fraud
Risk. A major concern when investing in loans and other debt securities is
the possibility of a material misrepresentation or omission on the part of the borrower. Such inaccuracy or incompleteness may adversely
affect the valuation of the collateral underlying the loans or may adversely affect the ability of the Fund to perfect or effectuate a
lien on the collateral securing the loan. The Fund relies upon the accuracy and completeness of representations made by borrowers to the
extent reasonable when it makes its investments, but cannot guarantee such accuracy or completeness. Under certain circumstances, payments
to the Fund may be reclaimed if any such payment or distribution is later determined to have been a fraudulent conveyance or a preferential
payment.
Risks
Relating to the Fund’s Investment Program
Market
and Economic Risks. The Fund and its portfolio companies may be materially
affected by market, economic and political conditions globally and in the jurisdictions and sectors in which they invest or operate, including
factors affecting interest rates, the availability of credit, currency exchange rates and trade barriers. These factors are outside the
Fund’s control and could adversely affect the liquidity and value of its investments, and may reduce the ability of the Fund to
make attractive new investments.
Trends
and historical events do not imply, forecast or predict future events and past performance is not necessarily indicative of future results.
There can be no assurance that the assumptions made or the beliefs and expectations currently held by the Advisors or their affiliates
will prove correct, and actual events and circumstances may vary significantly.
The
Fund may be subject to risk arising from a default by one of several large institutions that are dependent on one another to meet their
liquidity or operational needs, so that a default by one institution may cause a series of defaults by the other institutions. This is
sometimes referred to as “systemic risk” and may adversely affect Financial Intermediaries, such as clearing agencies, clearing
houses, banks, securities firms and exchanges, with which the Fund interacts on a daily basis.
Instability
in the credit markets has made it more difficult at certain times for a number of issuers of debt instruments to obtain financing or refinancing
for their investment or lending activities or operations. In particular, because of volatile conditions in the credit markets, issuers
of debt instruments may be subject to increased cost for debt, tightening underwriting standards and reduced liquidity for loans they
make, securities they purchase and securities they issue. Certain Borrowers may, due to macroeconomic conditions, be unable to repay their
Syndicated Loans or other debt obligations because of these conditions. A Borrower’s failure to satisfy financial or operating covenants
imposed by lenders could lead to defaults
and,
potentially, termination of the Syndicated Loans and foreclosure on the underlying secured assets, which could trigger cross-defaults
under other agreements and jeopardize a Borrower’s ability to meet its obligations under its debt instruments. The Fund may incur
expenses to the extent necessary to seek recovery upon default or to negotiate new terms with a defaulting Borrower. The Fund may also
experience a loss of principal.
These
developments also (i) may make it more difficult for the Fund to accurately value its portfolio securities or to sell its portfolio
securities on a timely basis; (ii) could adversely affect the ability of the Fund to use leverage for investment purposes and increase
the cost of such leverage, which would reduce returns to the Shareholders; and (iii) may adversely affect the broader economy, which
in turn may adversely affect the ability of issuers of securities owned by the Fund to make payments of principal and interest when due,
lead to lower credit ratings of the issuer and increased defaults by the issuer. Such developments could, in turn, reduce the value of
securities owned by the Fund and adversely affect the NAV of the Shares.
Non-U.S.
Securities Risk. The Fund may invest in securities, including direct loans,
Syndicated Loans and Subordinated Loans, of non-U.S. issuers or Borrowers. These investments involve certain risks not involved in domestic
investments and may experience more rapid and extreme changes in value than investments in securities of U.S. companies. Markets for these
investments in foreign countries often are not as developed, efficient or liquid as similar markets in the United States, and therefore,
the prices of non-U.S. securities may be more volatile. Certain foreign countries may impose restrictions on the ability of issuers of
non-U.S. securities to make payments of principal and interest to investors located outside the country, whether from currency blockage
or otherwise. In addition, the Fund will be subject to risks associated with adverse political and economic developments in foreign countries,
including seizure or nationalization of foreign deposits, different legal systems and laws relating to creditors’ rights and the
potential inability to enforce legal judgments, all of which could cause the Fund to lose money on its investments in non-U.S. securities.
Generally, there is less readily available and reliable information about non-U.S. issuers or Borrowers due to less rigorous disclosure
or accounting standards and regulatory practices. The ability of a foreign sovereign issuer to make timely payments on its debt obligations
will also be strongly influenced by the sovereign issuer’s balance of payments, including export performance, its access to international
credit facilities and investments, fluctuations of interest rates and the extent of its foreign reserves. The cost of servicing external
debt generally will also be adversely affected by rising international interest rates, as many external debt obligations bear interest
at rates that are adjusted based upon international interest rates. Investments in so-called “emerging markets” (or
lesser developed countries) are particularly speculative and entail all of the risks of investing in non-U.S. securities but to a heightened
degree. Compared to developed countries, emerging market countries may have relatively unstable governments, economies based on only a
few industries and securities markets that trade a small number of securities. Securities issued by companies located in emerging market
countries tend to be especially volatile and may be less liquid than securities traded in developed countries. Additionally, companies
in emerging market countries may not be subject to accounting, auditing, financial reporting and recordkeeping requirements that are as
robust as those in more developed countries.
Economic
sanctions may be, and have been, imposed against certain countries, organizations, companies, entities and/or individuals. Economic sanctions
and other similar governmental actions or developments could, among other things, effectively restrict or eliminate the Fund’s ability
to purchase or sell certain foreign securities or groups of foreign securities, and thus may make the Fund’s investments in such
securities less liquid or more difficult to value. Such sanctions may also cause a decline in the value of securities issued by the sanctioned
country or companies located in or economically tied to the sanctioned country. In addition, as a result of economic sanctions and other
similar governmental actions or developments, the Fund may be forced to sell or otherwise dispose of foreign investments at inopportune
times or prices.
Foreign
Currency Risk. Because the Fund may invest in securities denominated or quoted
in currencies other than the U.S. dollar, changes in foreign currency exchange rates may affect the value of securities in the Fund and
the unrealized appreciation or depreciation of investments. Currencies of certain countries may be volatile and therefore may affect the
value of securities denominated in such currencies, which means that the Fund’s NAV could decline as a result of changes in the
exchange rates between foreign currencies and the U.S. dollar. The Advisors may, but are not required to, elect for the Fund to seek
to
protect itself from changes in currency exchange rates through hedging transactions depending on market conditions. The Fund may incur
costs in connection with the conversions between various currencies. In addition, certain countries may impose foreign currency exchange
controls or other restrictions on the repatriation, transferability or convertibility of currency.
Currency
Hedging Risk. The Advisors may seek to hedge all or a portion of the Fund’s
foreign currency risk. However, the Advisors cannot guarantee that it will be practical to hedge these risks in certain markets or conditions
or that any efforts to do so will be successful.
Arbitrage
Risk. The Fund may engage in capital structure arbitrage and other arbitrage
strategies. Arbitrage strategies entail various risks, including the risk that external events, regulatory approvals and other factors
will impact the consummation of announced corporate events and/or the prices of certain positions. In addition, hedging is an important
feature of capital structure arbitrage. There is no guarantee that the Advisors will be able to hedge the Fund’s investment portfolio
in the manner necessary to employ successfully the Fund’s strategy.
Market
Disruption and Geopolitical Risk. Disease outbreaks, public health emergencies
(e.g., the coronavirus outbreak, epidemics and other pandemics), the European sovereign debt crisis, instability in the Chinese capital
markets, the effect of the United Kingdom (the “U.K.”) leaving the European Union (the “EU”), terrorist attacks
in the United States and around the world, the impact of natural disasters, growing social and political discord in the United States,
the European debt crisis, the response of the international community — through economic sanctions and otherwise — the
war in Ukraine and Russia, increasingly strained relations between the United States and a number of foreign countries, including traditional
allies, such as certain European countries, and historical adversaries, such as North Korea, Iran, China and Russia, and the international
community generally, new and continued political unrest in various countries may result in market volatility, may have long-term adverse
effects on the United States and worldwide financial markets and may cause further economic uncertainties in the United States and worldwide.
The Fund does not know how long the financial markets may be affected by these events and cannot predict the effects of these events or
similar events in the future on the U.S. and global economies and financial markets. Wars and occupation, terrorism and related geopolitical
risks have led, and may in the future lead, to increased short-term market volatility and may have adverse long-term effects on U.S. and
global economies and markets generally. These events could have an acute effect on individual issuers or related groups of issuers. These
events could also impact interest rates, secondary trading, ratings, credit risk, inflation and other factors relating to an investment
in the Shares. During periods of market disruption, portfolio companies may be more likely to seek to draw on unfunded commitments the
Fund has made, and the risk of being unable to fund such commitments is heightened during such periods.
The
Fund may be adversely affected by abrogation of international agreements and national laws which have created the market instruments in
which the Fund may invest, failure of the designated national and international authorities to enforce compliance with the same laws and
agreements, failure of local, national and international organization to carry out their duties prescribed to them under the relevant
agreements, revisions of these laws and agreements which dilute their effectiveness or conflicting interpretation of provisions of the
same laws and agreements. Syndicated Loans and Corporate Bonds rated below investment grade and investments with similar characteristics
tend to be more volatile than investment grade fixed income securities and, as a result, these events and other market disruptions may
have a greater impact on the prices and volatility of such instruments than on investment grade fixed income securities. There can be
no assurance that such market disruptions may not have other material and adverse implications for the Syndicated Loan and Corporate Bond
markets or other markets in which the Fund may invest.
Certain
of the Fund’s portfolio companies’ businesses could be adversely affected by the effects of health pandemics or epidemics,
including the ongoing COVID-19 global pandemic, the evolution of which continues to be uncertain. Recurring COVID-19 outbreaks around
the world have heightened concerns relating to new and potentially more dangerous virus variants, which, if transmitted around the globe
could lead to the re-introduction of restrictions that were in place in 2020, 2021, and to a lesser extent in 2022, or even the adoption
of other more strict measures to combat outbreaks. Another severe outbreak of COVID-19 or another pandemic can disrupt the Fund’s
and the Fund’s portfolio companies’ businesses and materially and adversely impact the Fund’s and/or the Fund’s
portfolio companies’ financial results.
The
COVID-19 pandemic contributed to certain conditions associated with the current macroeconomic environment and caused significant disruptions
and instabilities in the global and U.S. financial markets or deteriorations in credit and financing conditions. A resurgence of COVID-19
or another pandemic with effects similar to those of COVID-19 may adversely affect the Fund’s and the Fund’s portfolio companies’
liquidity positions.
U.S.
and global markets recently have experienced increased volatility, including as a result of the recent failures of certain U.S. and non-U.S.
banks, which could be harmful to the Fund and issuers in which it invests. For example, if a bank in which the Fund or issuer has an account
fails, any cash or other assets in bank accounts may be temporarily inaccessible or permanently lost by the Fund or issuer. If a bank
that provides a subscription line credit facility, asset-based facility, other credit facility and/or other services to an issuer fails,
the issuer could be unable to draw funds under its credit facilities or obtain replacement credit facilities or other services from other
lending institutions with similar terms. Even if banks used by issuers in which the Fund invests remain solvent, continued volatility
in the banking sector could cause or intensify an economic recession, increase the costs of banking services or result in the issuers
being unable to obtain or refinance indebtedness at all or on as favorable terms as could otherwise have been obtained. Conditions in
the banking sector are evolving, and the scope of any potential impacts to the Fund and issuers, both from market conditions and also
potential legislative or regulatory responses, are uncertain. Continued market volatility and uncertainty and/or a downturn in market
and economic and financial conditions, as a result of developments in the banking industry or otherwise (including as a result of delayed
access to cash or credit facilities), could have an adverse impact on the Fund and issuers in which it invests.
U.S.
Credit Rating and European Economic Crisis Risk. In August 2011, S&P
lowered its long-term sovereign credit rating on the United States from “AAA” to “AA+,” which was re-affirmed
by S&P in June 2016. In January 2012, S&P lowered its long-term sovereign credit ratings for France, Italy, Spain and
six other European countries, which negatively impacted global markets and economic conditions. During subsequent periods, S&P further
lowered its long-term sovereign credit rating for Spain. S&P subsequently raised its long-term sovereign credit rating on Spain to
“BBB,” but its current credit rating still signifies significant ongoing risk. Recent U.S. budget deficit concerns, together
with signs of deteriorating sovereign debt conditions in Europe, have increased the possibility of additional credit-rating downgrades
and economic slowdowns. The impact of any further downgrade to the U.S. government’s sovereign credit rating, or its perceived creditworthiness,
and the impact of the current crisis in Europe with respect to the ability of certain European Union (“EU”) countries to continue
to service their sovereign debt obligations is inherently unpredictable and could adversely affect the U.S. and global financial markets
and economic conditions. In addition, the economic downturn and the significant government interventions into the financial markets and
fiscal stimulus spending over the last several years have contributed to significantly increased U.S. budget deficits. There can
be no assurance that future fiscal or monetary measures to aid economic recovery will be effective. These developments and reactions of
the credit markets to these developments could cause interest rates and borrowing costs to rise, which may negatively impact the Fund’s
ability to obtain debt financing on favorable terms. In addition, any adverse economic conditions resulting from any further downgrade
of the U.S. government’s sovereign credit rating or the economic crisis in Europe could have a material adverse effect on the Fund’s
business, financial condition and results of operations.
Government
Intervention in the Financial Markets Risk. Instability in the financial markets
has led the U.S. Government, the Federal Reserve and foreign governments and central banks around the world to take a number of unprecedented
actions designed to support certain financial institutions and segments of the financial markets that have experienced extreme volatility,
and in some cases a lack of liquidity. U.S. federal and state and foreign governments, their regulatory agencies or self-regulatory organizations
may take additional actions that affect the regulation of the securities, debt instruments or structured products in which the Fund invests,
or the issuers of such securities or structured products, in ways that are unforeseeable or not fully understood or anticipated. Governments
or their agencies may also acquire distressed assets from financial institutions and acquire ownership interests in those institutions.
The implications of government ownership and disposition of these assets are unclear, and such programs may have positive or negative
effects on the liquidity, valuation and performance of the Fund’s portfolio holdings. Furthermore, volatile financial markets can
expose the Fund to greater market and liquidity risk
and
potential difficulty in valuing portfolio instruments held by the Fund. The Advisor will monitor developments and seek to manage the Fund’s
portfolio in a manner consistent with achieving the Fund’s investment objective, but there can be no assurance that it will be successful
in doing so.
European
Risk. The Fund may invest a portion of its capital in debt securities issued
by issuers domiciled in Europe, including issuers domiciled in the U.K. Concerns regarding the sovereign debt of various Eurozone countries
and proposals for investors to incur substantial write-downs and reductions in the face value of the sovereign debt of certain countries
give rise to concerns about sovereign defaults, the possibility that one or more countries might leave the EU or the Eurozone and various
proposals (still under consideration and unclear in material respects) for support of affected countries and the Euro as a currency. The
outcome of any such situation cannot be predicted. Sovereign debt defaults and EU and/or Eurozone exits could have material adverse effects
on investments by the Fund in securities of European companies, including but not limited to the availability of credit to support such
companies’ financing needs, uncertainty and disruption in relation to financing, customer and supply contracts denominated in Euro
and wider economic disruption in markets served by those companies, while austerity and other measures that have been introduced in order
to limit or contain these issues may themselves lead to economic contraction and resulting adverse effects for the Fund. A number of the
Fund’s securities may be denominated in the Euro. Legal uncertainty about the funding of Euro denominated obligations following
any breakup or exits from the Eurozone (particularly in the case of investments in securities of companies in affected countries) could
also have material adverse effects on the Fund. The U.K. ceased to be a member state of the EU on January 31, 2020 commonly referred
to as “Brexit,” and the transition period provided for in the withdrawal agreement entered by the U.K. and the EU ended on
December 31, 2020. In December 2020, the U.K. and the EU agreed on a trade and cooperation agreement, which was subsequently
ratified by the parties. The trade and cooperation agreement covers the general objectives and framework of the relationship between the
U.K. and the EU. The impact of Brexit on the U.K. and EU and the broader global economy is unknown but could be significant and could
result in increased volatility and illiquidity and potentially lower economic growth. Brexit also may lead to greater volatility in the
global currency and financial markets, which could adversely affect the Fund. In connection with investments in non-U.S. issuers, the
Fund may engage in foreign currency exchange transactions but is not required to hedge its currency exposure. As such, the Fund makes
investments that are denominated in British pound sterling or Euros. The Fund’s assets are valued in U.S. dollars and the depreciation
of the British pound sterling and/or the Euro in relation to the U.S. dollar could adversely affect the Fund’s investments denominated
in British pound sterling or Euros that are not fully hedged regardless of the performance of the underlying issuer.
Economic
Recession or Downturn Risk. Many of the Fund’s portfolio companies may
be susceptible to economic slowdowns or recessions and may be unable to repay the Fund’s debt investments during these periods.
Therefore, the Fund’s non-performing assets are likely to increase, and the value of its portfolio is likely to decrease, during
these periods. Adverse economic conditions may also decrease the value of any collateral securing the Fund’s secured loans. A prolonged
recession may further decrease the value of such collateral and result in losses of value in the Fund’s portfolio and a decrease
in the Fund’s revenues, net income and NAV. Unfavorable economic conditions also could increase the Fund’s funding costs,
limit the Fund’s access to the capital markets or result in a decision by lenders not to extend credit to it on terms it deems acceptable.
These events could prevent the Fund from increasing investments and harm the Fund’s operating results.
Legal
and Regulatory Risks. Additionally, in August 2022, Rule 18f-4 under
the 1940 Act, regarding the ability of a registered investment company to use derivatives and other transactions that create future payment
or delivery obligations (except reverse repurchase agreements and similar financing transactions), became effective. Under the new rule,
registered investment companies that make significant use of derivatives are required to operate subject to a value-at-risk leverage limit,
adopt a derivatives risk management program and appoint a derivatives risk manager, and comply with various testing and board reporting
requirements. Such requirements may limit the ability of the Fund to invest in derivatives, short sales and similar financing transactions,
limit the Fund’s ability to employ certain strategies that use these instruments and/or adversely affect the Fund’s efficiency
in implementing its strategy, liquidity and/or ability to pursue its investment objective.
At
any time after the date of this prospectus, legislation may be enacted that could negatively affect the assets of the Fund or the issuers
of such assets. Changing approaches to regulation may have a negative impact on the entities in which the Fund invests. Legislation or
regulation may also change the way in which the Fund itself is regulated. There can be no assurance that future legislation, regulation
or deregulation will not have a material adverse effect on the Fund or will not impair the ability of the Fund to achieve its investment
objective.
Risks
Associated with Changes in LIBOR. National and international regulators and
law enforcement agencies have conducted investigations into a number of rates or indices that are deemed to be “reference rates.”
Actions by such regulators and law enforcement agencies may result in changes to the manner in which certain reference rates are determined,
their discontinuance, or the establishment of alternative reference rates. In particular, on July 27, 2017, the Chief Executive of
the U.K. Financial Conduct Authority (the “FCA”), which regulates LIBOR, announced that the FCA will no longer persuade or
compel banks to submit rates for the calculation of LIBOR after 2021.
The
U.S. Federal Reserve, in conjunction with the Alternative Reference Rates Committee (the “ARRC”), a steering committee comprised
of large U.S. financial institutions, has identified the Secured Overnight Financing Rate, (“SOFR”) as its preferred alternative
rate for LIBOR. On December 6, 2021, the ARRC released a statement selecting and recommending forms of SOFR, along with associated
spread adjustments and conforming changes, to replace references to 1-week and 2-month USD LIBOR. The Fund expects that a substantial
portion of the Fund’s future floating rate investments will be linked to SOFR. Although there have been an increasing number of
issuances utilizing SOFR or the Sterling Over Night Index Average (“SONIA”) (the GBP-LIBOR nominated replacement alternative
reference rate that is based on transactions), it is unknown whether SOFR or any other alternative reference rates will attain market
acceptance as replacements for LIBOR. Given the inherent differences between LIBOR and SOFR, or any other alternative reference rates
that may be established, the transition from LIBOR may disrupt the overall financial markets and adversely affect the market for LIBOR-based
securities, including the Fund’s portfolio of LIBOR indexed, floating rate debt securities, or the cost of the Fund’s borrowings.
In addition, changes or reforms to the determination or supervision of LIBOR may result in a sudden or prolonged increase or decrease
in reported LIBOR, which could have an adverse impact on the market for LIBOR-based securities, including the value and/or transferability
of the LIBOR indexed, floating rate debt securities in the Fund’s portfolio, or the cost of the Fund’s borrowings.
Additionally,
if as currently expected LIBOR ceases to exist, the Fund may need to renegotiate the credit agreements extending beyond June 30,
2023 with its credit facility lenders and portfolio companies that utilize LIBOR as a factor in determining the interest rate to replace
LIBOR with SOFR or other alternative reference rates, which could require the Fund to incur significant time and expense and may subject
the Fund to disputes or litigation over the appropriateness or comparability to the relevant replacement reference index.
Risks
Associated with Commodity Futures Trading Commission Regulation. The Sub-Advisor
claims an exclusion from the definition of the term “commodity pool operator” in accordance with Commodity Futures Trading
Commission (“CFTC”) Regulation 4.5 so that the Sub-Advisor is not subject to registration or regulation as a CPO under
the CEA with respect to the Fund. In order to maintain the exclusion for the Sub-Advisor, the Fund must invest no more than a prescribed
level of its liquidation value in certain futures, certain swap contracts and certain other Derivatives subject to the CEA’s jurisdiction,
and the Fund must not market itself as providing investment exposure to such instruments. If the Fund’s investments no longer qualify
the Sub-Advisor for the exclusion, the Sub-Advisor may be subject to the CFTC’s CPO registration requirements with respect to the
Fund, and the disclosure and operations of the Fund would need to comply with all applicable regulations governing commodity pools registered
as investment companies under the 1940 Act and commodity pool operators. Compliance with the additional registration and regulatory requirements
may increase operating expenses. Other potentially adverse regulatory initiatives could also develop.
Inflation
and Deflation Risk. Inflation risk is the risk that the value of certain assets
or income from the Fund’s investments will be worth less in the future as inflation decreases the value of money. As inflation increases,
the real value of investments and distributions can decline. In addition, during any
periods
of rising inflation, the dividend rates or borrowing costs associated with the Fund’s use of leverage would likely increase, which
would tend to further reduce returns to Shareholders. Deflation risk is the risk that prices throughout the economy decline over time — the
opposite of inflation. Deflation may have an adverse effect on the creditworthiness of issuers and may make issuer defaults more likely,
which may result in a decline in the value of the Fund’s portfolio.
Interest
Rate Risk. The market value of Corporate Bonds and other fixed-income securities
changes in response to interest rate changes and other factors. Interest rate risk is the risk that prices of bonds and other fixed-income
securities will increase as interest rates fall and decrease as rates rise. Accordingly, an increase in market interest rates may cause
a decrease in the price of a debt security and, therefore, a decline in the net asset value of the Fund’s Shares. The magnitude
of these fluctuations in the market price of bonds and other fixed-income securities is generally greater for those securities with longer
maturities. Because Syndicated Loans with floating or variable rates reset their interest rates periodically, changes in prevailing interest
rates can be expected to cause some fluctuations in the Fund’s NAV. Similarly, an increase in market interest rates may cause a
decline in the Fund’s NAV. In addition, Syndicated Loans or similar loans or securities may allow the Borrower to opt between LIBOR-based
interest rates, SOFR-based interest rates and interest rates based on bank prime rates, which may have an effect on the Fund’s NAV.
If
general interest rates rise, as they have in recent years, there is a risk that the portfolio companies in which the Fund holds floating
rate securities will be unable to pay escalating interest amounts, which could result in a default under their loan documents. Rising
interest rates could also cause portfolio companies to shift cash from other productive uses to the payment of interest, which may have
a material adverse effect on their business and operations and could, over time, lead to increased defaults. In addition, rising interest
rates may increase pressure on the Fund to provide fixed rate loans to the Fund’s portfolio companies, which could adversely affect
the Fund’s net investment income, as increases in the cost of borrowed funds would not be accompanied by increased interest income
from such fixed-rate investments.
Investment
Terms and Timeframe Risk. Delays in investing the net proceeds of this offering
may impair the Fund’s performance. The Fund cannot assure investors that it will be able to identify any investments that meet the
Fund’s investment objective or that any investment that the Fund makes will produce a positive return. The Fund may be unable to
invest its assets on acceptable terms within the time period that it anticipates or at all, which could harm the Fund’s financial
condition and results of operations.
Prior
to investing in securities of portfolio companies, the Fund may invest primarily in cash, cash equivalents, U.S. government securities,
repurchase agreements and high-quality debt instruments maturing in one year or less from the time of investment, which may produce returns
that are significantly lower than the returns which it expects to achieve when the Fund’s portfolio is fully invested in securities
meeting its investment objective. As a result, any distributions that the Fund pays while its portfolio is not fully invested in securities
meeting its investment objective may be lower than the distributions that the Fund may be able to pay when its portfolio is fully invested
in securities meeting its investment objective.
Restrictions
on Entering into Affiliated Transactions. The Advisors may enter into transactions
and invest in securities, instruments and currencies on behalf of the Fund in which customers of its affiliates, to the extent permitted
by applicable law, serve as the counterparty, principal or issuer. In such cases, such party’s interests in the transaction could
be adverse to the interests of the Fund, and such party may have no incentive to assure that the Fund obtains the best possible prices
or terms in connection with the transaction. In addition, the purchase, holding and sale of such investments by the Fund may enhance the
profitability of the Advisors or their affiliates. One or more affiliates may also create, write or issue Derivatives for their customers,
the underlying securities, currencies or instruments of which may be those in which the Fund invests or which may be based on the performance
of the Fund. The Fund may, subject to applicable law, purchase investments that are the subject of an underwriting or other distribution
by one or more of the Advisors affiliates and may also enter into transactions with other clients of an affiliate where such other clients
have interests adverse to those of the Fund. By reason of the various activities of the Advisors and their affiliates, the Advisors and
such affiliates may acquire confidential or material non-public information or otherwise be restricted from purchasing certain potential
Fund investments that otherwise might have been purchased or be restricted from selling certain Fund investments that might otherwise
have been sold at the time.
Lack
of Funds to Make Additional Investments Risk. The Fund may not have the funds
or ability to make additional investments in its portfolio companies. After the Fund’s initial investment in a portfolio company,
it may be called upon from time to time to provide additional funds to such company or have the opportunity to increase its investment
through the exercise of a warrant to purchase common shares. There is no assurance that the Fund will make, or will have sufficient funds
to make, follow-on investments. Any decisions not to make a follow-on investment or any inability on the Fund’s part to make such
an investment may have a negative impact on a portfolio company in need of such an investment, may result in a missed opportunity for
the Fund to increase its participation in a successful operation or may reduce the expected return on the investment.
Uncertain
Exit Strategies. Due to the illiquid nature of some of the positions that the
Fund is expected to acquire, as well as the risks associated with the Fund’s investment strategies, the Fund is unable to predict
with confidence what the exit strategy may ultimately be for any given investment, or that one will definitely be available. Exit strategies
which appear to be viable when an investment is initiated may be precluded by the time the investment is ready to be realized due to economic,
legal, political or other factors.
Other
Risks Relating to the Fund
Advisor
Risk. The Advisor utilizes the resources of Ares’ U.S. and European credit
teams who manage direct lending, syndicated loan, corporate bond, opportunistic credit and structured credit investment strategies for
the Ares Credit Group as well as the real estate debt and stressed/distressed investment teams. The Fund’s portfolio management
team is comprised of members of Ares’ Credit Group. The Advisor intends to use the resources of Ares. There can be no assurance
that any such investment professionals will remain employed by Ares or if employed, will remain involved with the Advisors’ performance
obligations. The Advisor is a joint venture and conflicts could arise between the parties to the joint venture that could impact the Advisor’s
ability to perform its duties.
Senior
Management Personnel of the Advisors. Since the Fund has no employees, it depends
on the investment expertise, skill and network of business contacts of the Advisors. The Advisors evaluate, negotiate, structure, execute,
monitor and service the Fund’s investments. The Fund’s future success depends to a significant extent on the continued service
and coordination of the Advisors and their senior management team. The departure of any members of the Advisors’ senior management
team could have a material adverse effect on the Fund’s ability to achieve its investment objective.
The
Fund’s ability to achieve its investment objective depends on the Advisors’ ability to identify, analyze, invest in, finance
and monitor companies that meet the Fund’s investment criteria. The Advisors’ capabilities in managing the investment process,
providing competent, attentive and efficient services to the Fund, and facilitating access to financing on acceptable terms depend on
the employment of investment professionals in an adequate number and of adequate sophistication to match the corresponding flow of transactions.
To achieve the Fund’s investment objective, the Advisors may need to hire, train, supervise and manage new investment professionals
to participate in the Fund’s investment selection and monitoring process. The Advisors may not be able to find investment professionals
in a timely manner or at all. Failure to support the Fund’s investment process could have a material adverse effect on the Fund’s
business, financial condition and results of operations.
In
addition, the Investment Advisory Agreement has termination provisions that allow the parties to terminate the agreements without penalty.
The Investment Advisory Agreement, Investment Sub-Advisory Agreement and the CAM Administration Agreement may be terminated at any time,
without penalty, by the Advisors upon 60 days’ notice to the Fund. If either agreement is terminated, it may adversely affect
the quality of the Fund’s investment opportunities. In addition, in the event such agreements are terminated, it may be difficult
for the Fund to replace the Advisors. Furthermore, the termination of either of these agreements may adversely impact the terms of the
Fund’s or its subsidiaries’ financing facilities or any financing facility into which the Fund or its subsidiaries may enter
in the future, which could have a material adverse effect on the Fund’s business and financial condition.
Key
Personnel Risk. The Advisor depends on the diligence, skill and network of
business contacts of certain Ares Credit Group and CION professionals. The Advisor also depends, to a significant extent, on access to
other investment professionals within Ares and CION and the information and deal flow
generated
by these investment professionals in the course of their investment and portfolio management activities. The Fund’s success depends
on the continued service of such personnel. The investment professionals associated with the Advisors are actively involved in other investment
activities not concerning the Fund and will not be able to devote all of their time to the Fund’s business and affairs. The departure
of any of the senior managers of the Advisors, or of a significant number of the investment professionals or partners of the Advisors’
affiliates, could have a material adverse effect on the Fund’s ability to achieve its investment objective. Individuals not currently
associated with the Advisors may become associated with the Fund and the performance of the Fund may also depend on the experience and
expertise of such individuals. In addition, there is no assurance that the Advisors will remain the Fund’s investment advisor or
that the Advisors will continue to have access to the investment professionals and partners of its affiliates and the information and
deal flow generated by the investment professionals of its affiliates.
Ares
and CION Relationships. The Fund expects that Ares and CION will depend on
their existing relationships with private equity sponsors, investment banks and commercial banks, and the Fund expects to rely to a significant
extent upon these relationships for purposes of potential investment opportunities. If Ares or CION fails to maintain their existing relationships
or develop new relationships with other sources or sponsors of investment opportunities, the Fund may not be able to expand its investment
portfolio. In addition, individuals with whom Ares and CION have relationships are not obligated to provide the Fund with investment opportunities
and, therefore, there is no assurance that such relationships will generate investment opportunities for the Fund.
The
Advisors’ Incentive Fee Risk. The Investment Advisory Agreement and Investment
Sub-Advisory Agreement entitle the Advisors to receive incentive compensation on income regardless of any capital losses. In such case,
the Fund may be required to pay the Advisors incentive compensation for a fiscal quarter even if there is a decline in the value of the
Fund’s portfolio or if the Fund incurs a net loss for that quarter.
Any
Incentive Fee payable by the Fund that relates to its net investment income may be computed and paid on income that may include interest
that has been accrued but not yet received. If a portfolio company defaults on a loan that is structured to provide accrued interest,
it is possible that accrued interest previously included in the calculation of the Incentive Fee will become uncollectible. The Advisors
are not under any obligation to reimburse the Fund for any part of the Incentive Fee they received that was based on accrued income that
the Fund never received as a result of a default by an entity on the obligation that resulted in the accrual of such income, and such
circumstances would result in the Fund’s paying an Incentive Fee on income it never received.
The
Incentive Fee payable by the Fund to the Advisors may create an incentive for them to make investments on the Fund’s behalf that
are risky or more speculative than would be the case in the absence of such compensation arrangement. The way in which the Incentive Fee
payable to the Advisors is determined may encourage them to use leverage to increase the return on the Fund’s investments. In addition,
the fact that the Management Fee is payable based upon the Fund’s average daily gross assets, which would include any borrowings
for investment purposes, may encourage the Advisors to use leverage to make additional investments. Under certain circumstances, the use
of leverage may increase the likelihood of default, which would disfavor Shareholders. Such a practice could result in the Fund’s
investing in more speculative securities than would otherwise be in its best interests, which could result in higher investment losses,
particularly during cyclical economic downturns.
Shares
Not Listed; No Market for Shares. The Fund has been organized as a closed-end
management investment company. Closed-end funds differ from open-end management investment companies (commonly known as mutual funds)
because investors in a closed-end fund do not have the right to redeem their shares on a daily basis. Unlike most closed-end funds, which
typically list their shares on a securities exchange, the Fund does not currently intend to list the Shares for trading on any securities
exchange, and the Fund does not expect any secondary market to develop for the Shares in the foreseeable future. Therefore, an investment
in the Fund, unlike an investment in a typical closed-end fund, is not a liquid investment.
Closed-end
Interval Fund; Liquidity Risks. The Fund is a diversified, closed-end management
investment company structured as an “interval fund” and designed primarily for long-term investors. The Fund is not intended
to be a typical traded investment. There is no secondary market for the Fund’s Shares
and
the Fund expects that no secondary market will develop. An investor should not invest in the Fund if the investor needs a liquid investment.
Closed-end funds differ from open-end management investment companies, commonly known as mutual funds, in that investors in a closed-end
fund do not have the right to redeem their shares on a daily basis at a price based on NAV. Although the Fund, as a fundamental policy,
will make quarterly offers to repurchase at least 5% and up to 25% of its outstanding Shares at NAV, the number of Shares tendered in
connection with a repurchase offer may exceed the number of Shares the Fund has offered to repurchase, in which case not all of your Shares
tendered in that offer will be repurchased. In connection with any given repurchase offer, it is expected the Fund will offer to repurchase
only the minimum amount of 5% of its outstanding Shares. Hence, you may not be able to sell your Shares when and/or in the amount that
you desire.
Competition
for Investment Opportunities. The Fund competes for investments with other
closed-end funds and investment funds, as well as traditional financial services companies such as commercial banks and other sources
of funding. Moreover, alternative investment vehicles, such as hedge funds, have begun to invest in areas in which they have not traditionally
invested. As a result of these new entrants, competition for investment opportunities may intensify. Many of the Fund’s competitors
are substantially larger and may have considerably greater financial, technical and marketing resources than the Fund. For example, some
competitors may have a lower cost of capital and access to funding sources that are not available to the Fund. In addition, some of the
Fund’s competitors may have higher risk tolerances or different risk assessments than it has. These characteristics could allow
the Fund’s competitors to consider a wider variety of investments, establish more relationships and pay more competitive prices
for investments than it is able to do. The Fund may lose investment opportunities if it does not match its competitors’ pricing.
If the Fund is forced to match its competitors’ pricing, it may not be able to achieve acceptable returns on its investments or
may bear substantial risk of capital loss. A significant increase in the number and/or the size of the Fund’s competitors could
force it to accept less attractive investment terms. Furthermore, many of the Fund’s competitors have greater experience operating
under, or are not subject to, the regulatory restrictions that the 1940 Act imposes on it as a closed-end fund.
“Best-Efforts”
Offering Risk. This offering is being made on a best efforts basis, whereby
the Distributor is only required to use its best efforts to sell the Shares and has no firm commitment or obligation to purchase any of
the Shares. To the extent that less than the maximum number of Shares is subscribed for, the opportunity for the allocation of the Fund’s
investments among various issuers and industries may be decreased, and the returns achieved on those investments may be reduced as a result
of allocating all of the Fund’s expenses over a smaller capital base.
Inadequate
Return Risk. No assurance can be given that the returns on the Fund’s
investments will be commensurate with the risk of investment in the Shares.
Inadequate
Network of Broker-Dealer Risk. The success of the Fund’s continuous public
offering, and correspondingly the Fund’s ability to implement its investment objective and strategies, depends upon the ability
of the Distributor and the Advisor to establish, operate and maintain a network of Selected Broker-Dealers to sell the Shares. If the
Distributor or the Advisor fails to perform, the Fund may not be able to raise adequate proceeds through the Fund’s continuous public
offering to implement the Fund’s investment objective and strategies. If the Fund is unsuccessful in implementing its investment
objective and strategies, an investor could lose all or a part of his or her investment in the Fund.
Repurchase
Offers Risks. As described under “Share Repurchase Program,” the
Fund is an “interval fund” and, to provide some liquidity to Shareholders, makes quarterly offers to repurchase between 5%
and 25% of its outstanding Shares at NAV, pursuant to Rule 23c-3 under the 1940 Act. The Fund believes that these repurchase offers
are generally beneficial to the Fund’s Shareholders, and generally are funded from available cash or sales of portfolio securities.
However, the repurchase of Shares by the Fund decreases the assets of the Fund and, therefore, may have the effect of increasing the Fund’s
expense ratio. Repurchase offers and the need to fund repurchase obligations may also affect the ability of the Fund to be fully invested
or force the Fund to maintain a higher percentage of its assets in liquid investments, which may harm the Fund’s investment
performance. Moreover, diminution in the size of the Fund through repurchases may result in untimely sales of portfolio securities, and
may limit the ability of the Fund to participate in new investment opportunities. If the Fund uses leverage, repurchases of Shares may
compound
the adverse effects of leverage in a declining market. In addition, if the Fund borrows money to finance repurchases, interest on that
borrowing will negatively affect Shareholders who do not tender their Shares by increasing Fund expenses and reducing any net investment
income. Certain Shareholders may from time to time own or control a significant percentage of the Fund’s Shares. Repurchase
requests by these Shareholders of these Shares of the Fund may cause repurchases to be oversubscribed, with the result that Shareholders
may only be able to have a portion of their Shares repurchased in connection with any repurchase offer. If a repurchase offer is oversubscribed
and the Fund determines not to repurchase additional Shares beyond the repurchase offer amount, or if Shareholders tender an amount of
Shares greater than that which the Fund is entitled to purchase, the Fund will repurchase the Shares tendered on a pro rata basis,
and Shareholders will have to wait until the next repurchase offer to make another repurchase request. Shareholders will be subject to
the risk of NAV fluctuations during that period. Thus, there is also a risk that some Shareholders, in anticipation of proration, may
tender more Shares than they wish to have repurchased in a particular quarter, thereby increasing the likelihood that proration will occur.
The NAV of Shares tendered in a repurchase offer may fluctuate between the date a Shareholder submits a repurchase request and the Repurchase
Request Deadline, and to the extent there is any delay between the Repurchase Request Deadline and the Repurchase Pricing Date. The NAV
on the Repurchase Request Deadline or the Repurchase Pricing Date may be higher or lower than on the date a Shareholder submits a repurchase
request. See “Share Repurchase Program.”
Distribution
Payment Risk. The Fund cannot assure investors that the Fund will achieve investment
results that will allow the Fund to make a specified level of cash distributions or year-to-year increases in cash distributions. All
distributions will be paid at the discretion of the Board and may depend on the Fund’s earnings, the Fund’s net investment
income, the Fund’s financial condition, maintenance of the Fund’s and the Fund’s RIC status, compliance with applicable
regulations and such other factors as the Board may deem relevant from time to time.
In
the event that the Fund encounters delays in locating suitable investment opportunities, all or a substantial portion of the Fund’s
distributions may constitute a return of capital to Shareholders. To the extent that the Fund pays distributions that constitute a return
of capital for U.S. federal income tax purposes, it will lower an investor’s tax basis in his or her Shares. A return of capital
generally is a return of an investor’s investment, rather than a return of earnings or gains derived from the Fund’s investment
activities, and generally results in a reduction of the tax basis in the Shares. As a result from such reduction in tax basis, Shareholders
may be subject to tax in connection with the sale of Fund Shares, even if such Shares are sold at a loss relative to the Shareholder’s
original investment.
Risks
Associated with the Fund Distribution Policy. The Fund intends to make
regular distributions. Currently, in order to maintain a relatively stable level of distributions, the Fund may pay out less than all
of its net investment income to the extent consistent with maintaining its ability to be subject to tax as a RIC under the Code, pay out
undistributed income from prior months, return capital in addition to current period net investment income or borrow money to fund
distributions. The distributions for any full or partial calendar year might not be made in equal amounts, and one distribution may be
larger than the other. The Fund will make a distribution only if authorized by the Board and declared by the Fund out of assets legally
available for these distributions. This distribution policy may, under certain circumstances, have certain adverse consequences to the
Fund and its Shareholders because it may result in a return of capital, which would reduce the NAV of the Shares and, over time, potentially
increase the Fund’s expense ratio. If a distribution constitutes a return of capital, it means that the Fund is returning to Shareholders
a portion of their investment rather than making a distribution that is funded from the Fund’s earned income or other profits. The
Fund’s distribution policy may be changed at any time by the Board.
There
is a possibility that the Fund may make total distributions during a calendar or taxable year in an amount that exceeds the Fund’s
net investment company taxable income and net capital gains for the relevant taxable year. In such situations, if a distribution exceeds
the Fund’s current and accumulated earnings and profits (as determined for U.S. federal income tax purposes), a portion of each
distribution paid with respect to such taxable year would generally be treated as a return of capital for U.S. federal income tax purposes,
thereby reducing the amount of a Shareholder’s tax basis in such Shareholder’s Fund Shares. When a Shareholder sells
Fund Shares, the amount, if any, by which the sales price exceeds the Shareholder’s tax basis in Fund Shares may be treated
as a gain subject to tax. Because a return of
capital
reduces a Shareholder’s tax basis in Fund Shares, it generally will increase the amount of such Shareholder’s gain or
decrease the amount of such Shareholder’s loss when such Shareholder sells Fund Shares. To the extent that the amount of any
return of capital distribution exceeds a Shareholder’s tax basis in Fund Shares, such excess generally will be treated as gain
from a sale or exchange of the shares.
Because
the Fund has issued Preferred Shares and has issued other forms of indebtedness, its ability to make distributions to its Shareholders
is limited by the asset coverage requirements and other limitations imposed by the 1940 Act and the terms of the Fund’s indebtedness.
Investment
Dilution Risk. The Fund’s investors do not have preemptive rights to
any Shares the Fund may issue in the future. The Fund’s amended and restated declaration of trust (the “Declaration of Trust”)
authorizes it to issue an unlimited number of Shares. The Board may amend the Declaration of Trust. After an investor purchases Shares,
the Fund may sell additional Shares in the future or issue equity interests in private offerings. To the extent the Fund issues additional
equity interests after an investor purchases its Shares, such investor’s percentage ownership interest in the Fund will be
diluted.
Anti-Takeover
Risk. The Declaration of Trust and bylaws, as well as certain statutory and
regulatory requirements, contain certain provisions that may have the effect of discouraging a third party from attempting to acquire
it. Subject to the limitations of the 1940 Act, the Board may, without Shareholder action, authorize the issuance of shares in one or
more classes or series, including Preferred Shares; and the Board may, without Shareholder action, amend the Declaration of Trust. These
anti-takeover provisions may inhibit a change of control in circumstances that could give Shareholders the opportunity to realize a premium
over the value of the Shares.
Conflicts
of Interest Risk. The Fund is a party to the Investment Advisory Agreement
with CAM, and the Investment Sub-Advisory Agreement with Ares Capital, entities in which certain of the Fund’s trustees, officers
and members of the investment committee of the Advisors may have indirect ownership and pecuniary interests. Certain of the Fund’s
trustees and officers and members of the investment committee of the Advisors also serve as officers or principals of other investment
managers affiliated with the Advisors that currently, and may in the future, manage investment funds with investment objectives similar
to the Fund’s investment objective. In addition, certain of Fund’s officers and trustees and the members of the investment
committee of the Advisors serve or may serve as officers, trustees or principals of entities that operate in the same or related line
of business as the Fund does or of investment funds managed by the Fund’s affiliates. Accordingly, the Fund may not be made aware
of and/or given the opportunity to participate in certain investments made by investment funds managed by advisors affiliated with the
Advisors. However, the Advisors intend to allocate investment opportunities in a fair and equitable manner in accordance with the Advisors’
investment allocation policy.
Pursuant
to the terms of the CAM Administration Agreement, CAM provides the Fund with certain administrative and other services necessary to conduct
the Fund’s day-to-day operations, and the Fund reimburses CAM, at cost, for the Fund’s allocable portion of overhead and other
expenses (including travel expenses) incurred by CAM in performing its obligations under the CAM Administration Agreement, including the
Fund’s allocable portion of the cost of certain of the Fund’s officers (including but not limited to the chief compliance
officer, chief financial officer, chief accounting officer, general counsel, secretary and treasurer) and their respective staffs, but
not investment professionals. See “Conflicts of Interest.”
Potential
Conflicts of Interest Risk — Allocation of Investment Opportunities. The
Advisors have adopted allocation procedures that are intended to treat each fund they advise in a manner that, over a period of time,
is fair and equitable. Ares and CION currently provide investment advisory and administration services and may provide in the future similar
services to other entities (collectively, “Advised Funds”). Certain existing Advised Funds have, and future Advised Funds
may have, investment objectives similar to those of the Fund, and such Advised Funds will invest in asset classes similar to those targeted
by the Fund. Certain other existing Advised Funds do not, and future Advised Funds may not, have similar investment objectives, but such
funds may from time to time invest in asset classes similar to those targeted by the Fund. The Advisors will endeavor to allocate investment
opportunities in a fair and equitable manner, and in any event consistent with any fiduciary duties owed to the Fund and other clients
and in an effort to avoid favoring one client over another and taking into account all relevant facts and circumstances,
including
(without limitation): (i) differences with respect to available capital, size of client, and remaining life of a client; (ii) differences
with respect to investment objectives or current investment strategies, including regarding: (a) current and total return requirements,
(b) emphasizing or limiting exposure to the security or type of security in question, (c) diversification, including industry
or company exposure, currency and jurisdiction, or (d) rating agency ratings; (iii) differences in risk profile at the time
an opportunity becomes available; (iv) the potential transaction and other costs of allocating an opportunity among various clients;
(v) potential conflicts of interest, including whether a client has an existing investment in the security in question or the issuer
of such security; (vi) the nature of the security or the transaction, including minimum investment amounts and the source of the
opportunity; (vii) current and anticipated market and general economic conditions; (viii) existing positions in a Borrower/loan/security;
and (ix) prior positions in a Borrower/loan/security. Nevertheless, it is possible that the Fund may not be given the opportunity
to participate in certain investments made by investment funds managed by investment managers affiliated with the Advisors.
The
Advisors may determine that the Fund should invest on a side-by-side basis with one or more Advised Funds. In certain circumstances, negotiated
co-investments may be made only in accordance with the terms of the exemptive order Ares received from the SEC (the “Order”).
Co-investments made under the Order are subject to compliance with the conditions and other requirements contained in the Order, which
could limit the Fund’s ability to participate in a co-investment transaction.
In
the event investment opportunities are allocated among the Fund and the other Advised Funds, the Fund may not be able to structure its
investment portfolio in the manner desired. Although the Advisors endeavor to allocate investment opportunities in a fair and equitable
manner, the Fund is not generally permitted to co-invest in any portfolio company in which a fund managed by Ares or any of its downstream
affiliates (other than the Fund and its downstream affiliates) currently has an investment. However, the Fund may co-invest with funds
managed by Ares or any of its downstream affiliates, subject to compliance with existing regulatory guidance, applicable regulations and
its allocation procedures. Furthermore, the Fund and the other Advised Funds may make investments in securities where the prevailing trading
activity may make impossible the receipt of the same price or execution on the entire volume of securities purchased or sold by the Fund
and the other Advised Funds. When this occurs, the various prices may be averaged, and the Fund will be charged or credited with the average
price. Thus, the effect of the aggregation may operate on some occasions to the disadvantage of the Fund. In addition, under certain circumstances,
the Fund may not be charged the same commission or commission equivalent rates in connection with a bunched or aggregated order.
It
is likely that the other Advised Funds may make investments in the same or similar securities at different times and on different terms
than the Fund. The Fund and the other Advised Funds may make investments at different levels of a Borrower’s capital structure or
otherwise in different classes of a Borrower’s securities, to the extent permitted by applicable law. Such investments may inherently
give rise to conflicts of interest or perceived conflicts of interest between or among the various classes of securities that may be held
by such entities. Conflicts may also arise because portfolio decisions regarding the Fund may benefit the other Advised Funds. For example,
the sale of a long position or establishment of a short position by the Fund may impair the price of the same security sold short by (and
therefore benefit) one or more Advised Funds, and the purchase of a security or covering of a short position in a security by the Fund
may increase the price of the same security held by (and therefore benefit) one or more Advised Funds.
Applicable
law, including the 1940 Act, may at times prevent the Fund from being able to participate in investments that it otherwise would participate
in, and may require the Fund to dispose of investments at a time when it otherwise would not dispose of such investment, in each case,
in order to comply with applicable law.
The
Advisors, their affiliates and their clients may pursue or enforce rights with respect to a Borrower in which the Fund has invested, and
those activities may have an adverse effect on the Fund. As a result, prices, availability, liquidity and terms of the Fund’s investments
may be negatively impacted by the activities of the Advisors and their affiliates or their clients, and transactions for the Fund may
be impaired or effected at prices or terms that may be less favorable than would otherwise have been the case.
The
Advisors may have a conflict of interest in deciding whether to cause the Fund to incur leverage or to invest in more speculative investments
or financial instruments, thereby potentially increasing the management and incentive fee payable by the Fund and, accordingly, the fees
received by the Advisors. Certain other Advised Funds pay the Advisors or their affiliates greater performance-based compensation, which
could create an incentive for the Advisors or an affiliate to favor such investment fund or account over the Fund.
Potential
Conflicts of Interest Risk — Allocation of Personnel. The
Fund’s executive officers and trustees, and the employees of the Advisors, serve or may serve as officers, directors or principals
of entities that operate in the same or a related line of business as the Fund or of investment funds or accounts managed by the Advisors
or their affiliates. As a result, they may have obligations to investors in those entities, the fulfillment of which might not be in the
best interests of the Fund or its Shareholders. Additionally, certain personnel of the Advisors and their management may face conflicts
in their time management and commitments.
Potential
Conflicts of Interest Risk — Lack of Information Barriers. By
reason of the various activities of the Advisors and their affiliates, the Advisors and such affiliates may acquire confidential or material
non-public information or otherwise be restricted from purchasing certain potential Fund investments that otherwise might have been purchased
or be restricted from selling certain Acquiring Fund investments that might otherwise have been sold at the time.
Portfolio
Fair Value Risk. Under the 1940 Act, the Fund is required to carry its portfolio
investments at market value or, if there is no readily available market value, at fair value. There is not a public market for the securities
of the privately held companies in which the Fund may invest. Many of the Fund’s investments are not exchange-traded, but are, instead,
traded on a privately negotiated OTC secondary market for institutional investors. The Advisor, as valuation designee, is responsible
for the valuation of the Fund’s portfolio investments and implementing the portfolio valuation process set forth in the Advisor’s
valuation policy to management. Valuations of Fund investments are disclosed quarterly in reports publicly filed with the SEC. See “Determination
of Net Asset Value.”
Certain
factors that may be considered in determining the fair value of the Fund’s investments include dealer quotes for securities traded
on the OTC secondary market for institutional investors, the nature and realizable value of any collateral, the portfolio company’s
earnings and its ability to make payments on its indebtedness, the markets in which the portfolio company does business, comparison to
comparable publicly-traded companies, discounted cash flow and other relevant factors. Because such valuations, and particularly valuations
of private securities and private companies, are inherently uncertain, may fluctuate over short periods of time and may be based on estimates,
determinations of fair value may differ materially from the values that would have been used if an exchange-traded market for these securities
existed. Due to this uncertainty, the Advisor’s fair value determinations may cause the Fund’s NAV on a given date to materially
understate or overstate the value that it may ultimately realize upon the sale of one or more of its investments.
Portfolio
Turnover Risk. The Fund’s annual portfolio turnover rate may vary greatly
from year to year, as well as within a given year. However, portfolio turnover rate is not considered a limiting factor in the execution
of investment decisions for the Fund. High portfolio turnover may result in the realization of net short-term capital gains by the Fund
which, when distributed to the Fund and, ultimately, Shareholders, will be taxable as ordinary income. In addition, a higher portfolio
turnover rate results in correspondingly greater brokerage commissions and other transactional expenses that are borne by the Fund.
General
Risks Associated with Derivatives. Although the Fund does not expect Derivatives
to represent a significant component of its portfolio initially, the Fund may use Derivatives including, in particular, swaps (including,
total return swaps), synthetic collateralized loan obligations, reverse repurchase agreements and other similar transactions, in seeking
to achieve its investment objective or for other reasons, such as cash management, financing activities or to hedge its positions. Accordingly,
Derivatives may be used in limited instances as a form of leverage or to seek to enhance returns, including speculation on changes in
credit spreads, interest rates or other characteristics of the market, individual securities or groups of securities. If the Fund invests
in a Derivative for speculative purposes, which the Fund does not
initially
intend to do, the Fund will be fully exposed to the risks of loss of that Derivative, which may sometimes be greater than the Derivative’s
cost. The use of Derivatives may involve substantial leverage. The use of Derivatives may subject the Fund to the following risks, including
but not limited to:
>
Credit
risk — the risk that the counterparty in a Derivative transaction will be unable to honor
its financial obligation to the Fund, or the risk that the reference entity in a credit default swap or similar Derivative will not be
able to honor its financial obligations. Certain participants in the Derivatives market, including larger financial institutions, have
recently experienced significant financial hardship and deteriorating credit conditions. If the Fund’s counterparty to a Derivative
transaction experiences a loss of capital, or is perceived to lack adequate capital or access to capital, it may experience margin calls
or other regulatory requirements to increase equity. Under such circumstances, the risk that a counterparty will be unable to honor its
obligations may increase substantially. If a counterparty becomes bankrupt or otherwise fails to perform its obligations under a derivative
contract, the Fund may experience significant delays in obtaining any recovery under the derivative contract in bankruptcy or other reorganization
proceeding. The Fund may obtain only a limited recovery or may obtain no recovery in such circumstances.
>
Currency
risk — the risk that changes in the exchange rate between two currencies will adversely
affect the value (in U.S. dollar terms) of an investment.
>
Leverage
risk — the risk associated with certain types of Derivative strategies that relatively
small market movements may result in large changes in the value of an investment. Certain investments or trading strategies that involve
leverage can result in losses that greatly exceed the amount originally invested.
>
Liquidity
risk — the risk that certain securities may be difficult or impossible to sell at the
time that the seller would like or at the price that the seller believes the security is currently worth. This risk is heightened to the
extent the Fund engages in OTC Derivative transactions.
>
Correlation
risk — the risk that changes in the value of a Derivative will not match the changes in
the value of the portfolio holdings that are being hedged or of the particular market, security or loan to which the Fund seeks exposure.
>
Index
risk — if the Derivative is linked to the performance of an index, it will be subject
to the risks associated with changes in that index. If the index changes, the Fund could receive lower interest payments or experience
a reduction in the value of the Derivative to below what the Fund paid. Certain indexed securities, including inverse securities (which
move in an opposite direction to the index), may create leverage, to the extent that they increase or decrease in value at a rate that
is a multiple of the changes in the applicable index.
>
Regulatory
risk — various legislative and regulatory initiatives may impact the availability, liquidity
and cost of Derivatives, including potentially limiting or restricting the ability of the Fund to use certain Derivatives or certain counterparties
as a part of its investment strategy, increasing the costs of using these instruments or making these instruments less effective. See
“Types of Investments and Related Risks — Legislation and Regulation Risks”.
Options
and Futures Risk. The Fund may utilize options and futures contracts and so-called
“synthetic” options or other Derivatives written by broker-dealers or other permissible Financial Intermediaries. Options
transactions may be effected on securities exchanges or in the OTC market. When options are purchased OTC, the Fund’s portfolio
bears the risk that the counterparty that wrote the option will be unable or unwilling to perform its obligations under the option contract.
Options may also be illiquid and, in such cases, the Fund may have difficulty closing out its position. OTC options also may include options
on baskets of specific securities.
The
Fund may purchase call and put options on specific securities, and may write and sell covered or uncovered call and put options for hedging
purposes in pursuing its investment objective. A put option gives the purchaser of the option the right to sell, and obligates the writer
to buy, the underlying security at a stated exercise price, typically at any time prior to the expiration of the option. A call option
gives the purchaser of the option the right to buy, and obligates the writer to sell, the underlying security at a stated
exercise
price, typically at any time prior to the expiration of the option. A covered call option is a call option with respect to which the seller
of the option owns the underlying security. The sale of a call option exposes the seller during the term of the option to possible loss
of opportunity to realize appreciation in the market price of the underlying security or to possible continued holding of a security that
might otherwise have been sold to protect against depreciation in the market price of the security. In the sale of a put, losses may be
significant and, in the sale of a call, losses can be unlimited.
The
Fund may close out a position when writing options by purchasing an option on the same security with the same exercise price and expiration
date as the option that it has previously written on the security. In such a case, the Fund will realize a profit or loss if the amount
paid to purchase an option is less or more than the amount received from the sale of the option.
Purchasing
a futures contract creates an obligation to take delivery of the specific type of financial instrument at a specific future time at a
specific price for contracts that require physical delivery, or net payment for cash-settled contracts. Engaging in transactions in futures
contracts involves risk of loss to the Fund. No assurance can be given that a liquid market will exist for any particular futures contract
at any particular time. All terms of futures contracts are set forth in the rules of the exchange on which the futures contracts are traded.
Many futures exchanges and boards of trade limit the amount of fluctuation permitted in futures contract prices during a single trading
day. Once the daily limit has been reached in a particular contract, no trades may be made that day at a price beyond that limit or trading
may be suspended for specified periods during the trading day. Futures contract prices could move to the limit for several consecutive
trading days with little or no trading, preventing prompt liquidation of futures positions and potentially subjecting the Fund to substantial
losses. Successful use of futures also is subject to the Advisors’ ability to predict correctly the direction of movements in the
relevant market, and, to the extent the transaction is entered into for hedging purposes, to determine the appropriate correlation between
the transaction being hedged and the price movements of the futures contract.
Cybersecurity
Risks. Cybersecurity refers to the combination of technologies, processes and
procedures established to protect information technology systems and data from unauthorized access, attack or damage. The Fund and its
respective affiliates and third-party service providers are subject to cybersecurity risks. Cyber security risks have significantly increased
in recent years and, while the Fund has not experienced any material losses relating to cyber attacks or other information security
breaches, the Fund could suffer such losses in the future. The Fund’s and its respective affiliates’ and third-party service
providers’ computer systems, software and networks may be vulnerable to unauthorized access, computer viruses or other malicious
code and other events that could have a security impact. If one or more of such events occur, this potentially could jeopardize confidential
and other information, including nonpublic personal information and sensitive business data, processed and stored in, and transmitted
through, computer systems and networks, or otherwise cause interruptions or malfunctions in the Fund’s operations or the operations
of its respective affiliates and third-party service providers. This could result in significant losses, reputational damage, litigation,
regulatory fines or penalties, investigations or otherwise adversely affect the Fund’s business, financial condition or results
of operations. Privacy and information security laws and regulation changes, and compliance with those changes, may result in cost increases
due to system changes and the development of new administrative processes. In addition, the Fund may be required to expend significant
additional resources to modify the Fund’s protective measures and to investigate and remediate vulnerabilities or other exposures
arising from operational and security risks.
Risks
Relating to Fund’s RIC Status. Although the Fund has elected to be treated
as a RIC under Subchapter M of the Code, no assurance can be given that the Fund will be able to qualify for and maintain RIC status.
If the Fund qualifies as a RIC under the Code, the Fund generally will not be subject to corporate-level federal income taxes on its income
and capital gains that are timely distributed (or deemed distributed) as dividends for U.S. federal income tax purposes to its Shareholders.
To qualify as a RIC under the Code and to be relieved of federal taxes on income and gains distributed as dividends for U.S. federal income
tax purposes to the Fund’s Shareholders, the Fund must, among other things, meet certain source-of-income, asset diversification
and distribution requirements. The distribution requirement for a RIC is satisfied if the Fund distributes dividends each tax year for
U.S. federal income tax purposes of an amount generally at least equal to 90% of the sum of its net ordinary income and net short-term
capital gains in excess of net long-term capital losses, if any, to the Fund’s Shareholders.
RIC-Related
Risks of Investments Generating Non-Cash Taxable Income. Certain of the Fund’s
investments will require the Fund to recognize taxable income in a tax year in excess of the cash generated on those investments during
that year. In particular, the Fund expects to invest in loans and other debt instruments that will be treated as having “market
discount” and/or original issue discount (“OID”) for U.S. federal income tax purposes. Because the Fund may be required
to recognize income in respect of these investments before, or without receiving, cash representing such income, the Fund may have difficulty
satisfying the annual distribution requirements applicable to RICs and avoiding Fund-level U.S. federal income and/or excise taxes. Accordingly,
the Fund may be required to sell assets, including at potentially disadvantageous times or prices, raise additional debt or equity capital,
make taxable distributions of Shares or debt securities, or reduce new investments, to obtain the cash needed to make these income distributions.
If the Fund liquidates assets to raise cash, the Fund may realize additional gain or loss on such liquidations. In the event the Fund
realizes additional net capital gains from such liquidation transactions, Shareholders, may receive larger capital gain distributions
than it or they would in the absence of such transactions.
Instruments
that are treated as having OID for U.S. federal income tax purposes may have unreliable valuations because their continuing accruals require
judgments about the collectability of the deferred payments and the value of any collateral. Loans that are treated as having OID generally
represent a significantly higher credit risk than coupon loans. Accruals on such instruments may create uncertainty about the source of
Fund distributions to Shareholders. OID creates the risk of non-refundable cash payments to the Advisors based on accruals that may never
be realized. In addition, the deferral of payment-in-kind (“PIK”) interest also reduces a loan’s loan-to-value ratio
at a compounding rate.
Uncertain
Tax Treatment. The Fund may invest a portion of its net assets in below investment
grade instruments. Investments in these types of instruments may present special tax issues for the Fund. U.S. federal income tax rules
are not entirely clear about issues such as when the Fund may cease to accrue interest, OID or market discount, when and to what extent
deductions may be taken for bad debts or worthless instruments, how payments received on obligations in default should be allocated between
principal and income and whether exchanges of debt obligations in a bankruptcy or workout context are taxable. These and other issues
will be addressed by the Fund to the extent necessary in connection with the Fund’s intention to distribute sufficient income each
tax year to minimize the risk that it becomes subject to U.S. federal income or excise tax.
MANAGEMENT
OF THE FUND
Trustees
Pursuant
to the Declaration of Trust and bylaws, the Fund’s business and affairs are managed under the direction of the Board, which has
overall responsibility for monitoring and overseeing the Fund’s management and operations. The Board consists of nine members, five
of whom are considered Independent Trustees. The Trustees are subject to removal or replacement in accordance with Delaware law and the
Declaration of Trust. The Trustees serving on the Board, except for Jeffrey B. Perlowitz and Elaine Orr, were elected by the organizational
Shareholder of the Fund. Jeffrey B. Perlowitz and Elaine Orr were appointed to the Board by the Trustees. The Statement of Additional
Information provides additional information about the Trustees.
CAM
serves as the Fund’s investment advisor pursuant to the terms of the Investment Advisory Agreement and subject to the authority
of, and any policies established by, the Board. Ares Capital serves as the Fund’s investment sub-advisor pursuant to the terms of
the Investment Sub-Advisory Agreement. Pursuant to the Investment Advisory Agreement and Investment Sub-Advisory Agreement, the Advisors
manage the Fund’s investment portfolio, direct purchases and sales of portfolio securities and report thereon to the Fund’s
officers and Trustees regularly.
The
Board, including a majority of the Independent Trustees, oversees and monitors the Fund’s investment performance. After an initial
two-year term, the Board will review on an annual basis the Investment Advisory Agreement and the Investment Sub-Advisory Agreement to
determine, among other things, whether the fees payable under such agreements are reasonable in light of the services provided.
Investment
Personnel
The
Fund is primarily the responsibility of two portfolio managers, Mitch Goldstein and Greg Margolies. The Fund is also supported by thirteen
additional members of the Sub-Advisor’s Allocation Committee.
Below
is biographical information relating to Mitch Goldstein and Greg Margolies and the members of the Sub-Advisor’s Allocation Committee:
Mitch
Goldstein
Mitch
Goldstein is a Partner and Co-Head of the Ares Credit Group. Mitch Goldstein serves on the Ares Executive Management Committee. Additionally,
Mitch Goldstein serves as Co-President of ARCC, interested trustee and Co-Chief Executive Officer of Ares Strategic Income Fund, and Vice
President and interested trustee of the Fund. Mitch Goldstein is a member of the Ares Credit Group’s U.S. Direct Lending, Commercial
Finance, Pathfinder and the Ivy Hill Asset Management Investment Committees, the Ares Infrastructure Debt Investment Committee, and the
Ares SSG Direct Lending (Australia). Prior to joining Ares Management in May 2005, Mitch Goldstein worked at Credit Suisse First
Boston (“CSFB”), where Mitch Goldstein was a Managing Director in the Financial Sponsors Group. At CSFB, Mitch Goldstein was
responsible for providing investment banking services to private equity funds and hedge funds with a focus on M&A and restructurings
as well as capital raisings, including high yield, bank debt, mezzanine debt, and initial public offerings. Mitch Goldstein joined CSFB
in 2000 at the completion of the merger with Donaldson, Lufkin & Jenrette. From 1998 to 2000, Mitch Goldstein was at Indosuez Capital,
where Mitch Goldstein was a member of the Investment Committee and a Principal, responsible for originating, structuring and executing
leveraged transactions across a broad range of products and asset classes. From 1993 to 1998, Mitch Goldstein worked at Bankers Trust.
Mitch Goldstein also serves on the Board of Managers of Ivy Hill Asset Management GP, LLC. Mitch Goldstein graduated summa cum laude from
the State University of New York at Binghamton with a B.S. in Accounting and received an M.B.A. from Columbia University’s Graduate
School of Business.
Greg
Margolies
Greg
Margolies is a Partner in the Ares Credit Group. Greg Margolies serves as a member of the Ares Credit Group’s Alternative Credit
Investment Committee, the Ares Private Equity Group’s Special Opportunities Investment Committee and is on the Board of Directors
of the Ares Charitable Foundation.
Prior
to joining Ares in 2009, Greg Margolies served as a Managing Director and Global Head of Leveraged Finance and Capital Commitments at
Merrill Lynch & Co. and was a member of the Executive Committee for Merrill Lynch’s Global Investment Banking Group. Previously,
Greg Margolies was Co-Head of the DB Capital Mezzanine Fund. Greg Margolies serves on the Board of Directors for the International Organization
for Women and Development and the Advisory Council for University of Michigan’s Life Science Institute. Greg Margolies holds a B.A.
from the University of Michigan in International Economics and Finance and an M.B.A. from the University of Pennsylvania Wharton School
of Business.
Keith
Ashton
Keith
Ashton is a Partner, Portfolio Manager and Co-Head of Alternative Credit in the Ares Credit Group. Keith Ashton serves as a Vice President
and Portfolio Manager for Ares Dynamic Credit Allocation Fund, Inc. (NYSE:ARDC). Keith Ashton serves as a member of the Ares Credit Group’s
Alternative Credit Pathfinder and Pathfinder Core Investment Committees. Additionally, Keith Ashton serves on the Ares Diversity, Equity
and Inclusion Council. Prior to joining Ares in 2011, Keith Ashton was a Partner at Indicus Advisors LLP, where Keith Ashton focused on
launching the global structured credit business in May 2007. Previously, Keith Ashton was a Portfolio Manager and Head of Structured
Credit at TIAA-CREF, where Keith Ashton focused on managing a portfolio of structured credit investments and helped launch TIAA’s
institutional asset management business. Keith Ashton’s experience as an investor in alternative fixed income products spans virtually
all securitized asset classes, including CLOs, consumer and commercial receivables, insurance and legal settlements, small business and
trade receivables, whole business securitizations, timeshare and other mortgage-related receivables, and esoteric asset classes such as
catastrophe risk and intellectual property. Keith Ashton holds a B.A. from Brigham Young University in Economics and an M.B.A. from the
University of Rochester William E. Simon School of Business in Finance and Accounting.
Seth
Brufsky
Seth
Brufsky is a Partner, Portfolio Manager and Chairman of Global Liquid Credit in the Ares Credit Group. Seth Brufsky also serves as the
Chief Executive Officer, President and is a Director of ARDC. Additionally, Seth Brufsky serves as a member of the Ares Credit Group’s
Liquid Credit Investment Committee. Prior to joining Ares in 1998, Seth Brufsky was a member of the Corporate Strategy and Research Group
of Merrill Lynch & Co., where Seth Brufsky focused on analyzing and marketing non-investment grade securities. Previously, Seth Brufsky
was a member of the Institutional Sales and Trading Group of the Global Fixed Income Division at Union Bank of Switzerland. Seth Brufsky
serves on the Board of Trustees of Choate Rosemary Hall, a private, co-educational, college-preparatory boarding school, and serves on
the Dean’s Advisory Boards for the College of Arts and Sciences and the College of Agriculture and Life Sciences of Cornell University.
Seth Brufsky also serves on the Board of the Luminescence Foundation, a charitable giving organization. Seth Brufsky holds a B.S. from
Cornell University in Applied Economics and Business Management and an M.B.A., with honors, from the University of Southern California
Marshall School of Business in Finance, where Seth Brufsky was awarded the Glassick Scholarship for academic achievement.
Kipp
deVeer
Kipp
deVeer is a Director and Partner of Ares Management Corporation and Head of the Ares Credit Group. Kipp deVeer is a member of the Ares
Executive Management Committee and the Ares Diversity, Equity and Inclusion Council. Kipp deVeer also serves as a Director and Chief Executive
Officer of ARCC and an interested trustee and Chairman of the Board of Trustees of Ares Strategic Income Fund. Kipp deVeer is a member
of the Ares Credit Group’s U.S. Direct Lending, European Direct Lending and Pathfinder Investment Committees. Prior to joining Ares
in 2004, Kipp deVeer was a partner at RBC Capital Partners, a division of Royal Bank of Canada, which led the firm’s middle market
financing and principal investment business. Kipp deVeer joined RBC in October 2001 from Indosuez Capital, where Kip deVeer was Vice
President in the Merchant Banking Group. Previously, Kipp deVeer worked at J.P. Morgan and Co., both in the Special Investment Group of
J.P. Morgan Investment Management, Inc. and the Investment Banking Division of J.P. Morgan Securities Inc. Kipp deVeer received a B.A.
from Yale University and an M.B.A. from Stanford University’s Graduate School of Business.
Mark
Gatto
Mark
Gatto is Co-Founder, Co-Chief Executive Officer and Co-President of CION and CIC. Mark Gatto is also a Director of CAM. Mark Gatto serves
on the investment committee of CIC and the investment allocation committee of the Fund. Mark Gatto joined CION in 1999. Mark Gatto served
as Executive Vice President and Chief Acquisitions Officer from May 2007 through January 2008. Mark Gatto served as Executive
Vice President of Business Development from May 2006 through May 2007 and Vice President of Marketing from August 2005
through February 2006. Mark Gatto was also Associate General Counsel from November 1999 until October 2000. Previously,
Mark Gatto was an executive for a leading international product development and marketing company from 2000 through 2003. Later, Mark
Gatto co-founded a specialty business-consulting firm in New York City where Mark Gatto served as its managing partner before re-joining
CION in 2005. Mark Gatto was also an attorney in private practice prior to joining the firm. Mark Gatto received an M.B.A from the W.
Paul Stillman School of Business at Seton Hall University, a J.D. from Seton Hall University School of Law, and a B.S. from Montclair
State University.
Scott
Graves
Scott
Graves is a Partner, Co-Head of Private Equity Group, Portfolio Manager and Head of Special Opportunities. Scott Graves serves as a member
of the Ares Executive Management Committee and the Ares Private Equity Group’s Corporate Opportunities, Special Opportunities, Energy
Opportunities, and Extended Value Investment Committees. Scott Graves currently serves as the Chairman of the Board for Savers Value Village,
Inc. and serves on the boards of Altafiber, Infrastructure and Energy Alternatives, Inc., McLaren Automotive Group and Vmo Aircraft Leasing
Group, LLC. Prior to joining Ares in 2017, Scott Graves spent over 15 years in various capacities as a senior executive and investment
professional for Oaktree Capital Management, L.P. From 2013 through 2016, Scott Graves served as Oaktree’s Head of Credit Strategies
and Portfolio Manager of Multi-Strategy Credit. Scott Graves was responsible for a substantial portion of Oaktree’s credit platform,
managed investment portfolios spanning the breadth of Oaktree’s credit strategies and was active in Oaktree corporate management,
serving on the Capital and Risk Management Board, the Senior Leadership Counsel, the Product Governance Board and the Project Steering
Committee. From 2001 through 2013, Scott Graves was an investment professional in Oaktree’s Opportunities Funds, Value Opportunities
Fund and Strategic Credit Funds strategies, where Scott Graves served as a Portfolio Manager. Scott Graves also managed Oaktree’s
corporate and strategic development group, leading the firm’s product step-outs into emerging market credit, strategic credit, value
equities, infrastructure, the enhanced income strategies, structured credit and senior secured lending. Prior to joining Oaktree, Scott
Graves served as a Principal in William E. Simon & Sons’ private equity group and as an Analyst at Merrill Lynch & Company
in the mergers and acquisitions group. Additionally, Scott Graves worked at Price Waterhouse LLP in the audit business services division.
Scott Graves holds a B.A. from the University of California, Los Angeles, in History and an M.B.A. from the Wharton School at the University
of Pennsylvania, where Scott Graves currently serves on the Wharton School Graduate Executive Board. Scott Graves is a Certified Public
Accountant (inactive).
Blair
Jacobson
Blair
Jacobson is a Partner and Co-Head of European Credit in the Ares Credit Group and serves on the Ares Executive Management Committee and
the Ares Diversity, Equity and Inclusion Council. Blair Jacobson also serves on the boards of Ares Management Limited and Ares Management
UK Limited. Additionally, Blair Jacobson serves on the Ares Credit Group’s European Direct Lending and European Liquid Credit Investment
Committees, the Ares Secondaries Group’s Credit Investment Committee and the Ares Sports, Media and Entertainment Investment Committee.
Prior to joining Ares in 2012, Blair Jacobson was a Partner at The StepStone Group, where Blair Jacobson focused on building and running
European operations, including oversight of private debt and equity investments. Previously, Blair Jacobson was a Partner at Citigroup
Private Equity and Mezzanine Partners in London and New York. In addition, Blair Jacobson has held a variety of roles in investment banking
and mergers and acquisitions in a broad range of industries, including at Lehman Brothers. Blair Jacobson holds a B.A., magna cum laude,
from Williams College in Political Economy and an M.B.A., with honors, from the University of Chicago Booth School of Business in Finance.
Jeffrey
Kramer
Jeffrey
Kramer is a Partner, Portfolio Manager and Head of ABS in the Ares Credit Group, where Jeffrey Kramer focuses on alternative credit investments.
Additionally, Jeffrey Kramer serves as a member of the Ares Credit Group’s Alternative Credit, Pathfinder, Pathfinder Core Investment
Committees. Prior to joining Ares in 2013, Jeffrey Kramer worked in the Special Situations Group at Goldman Sachs & Co., where Jeffrey
Kramer was a member of the Asset Investing team from 2009 through 2013, focusing on investing and lending across a wide range of consumer
and commercial related assets. Prior to Jeffrey Kramer’s integration into the Special Situations Group at Goldman Sachs, Jeffrey
Kramer founded ReMark Capital Group, LLC, in 2005, an investment management company focused on the acquisition and structured lending
of pools of consumer loans. ReMark Capital was a partnership between Jeffrey Kramer and Goldman Sachs, and the platform was acquired in
full by Goldman Sachs in 2009. Previously, Jeffrey Kramer was an Executive Director in the Global Financial Markets Division and Co-Head
of the Securitization and Structured Credit Unit of WestLB AG, a European based global commercial and investment bank. Prior to that,
Jeffrey Kramer worked in the Structured Finance and Capital Markets Groups of both Rothschild, Inc. and Nomura Securities and was a Vice
President in the Asset Finance Unit at Financial Security Assurance Inc. Jeffrey Kramer holds a B.B.A. from the University of Texas at
Austin in Finance.
Michael
A. Reisner
Michael
A. Reisner is Co-Founder, Co-Chief Executive Officer and Co-President of CION as well as Co-Chief Executive Officer of CIC. In addition,
Michael A. Reisner is a Director of CAM. Michael A. Reisner serves on the Investment Committee of CIC as well as the Investment Allocation
committee of the Fund. Before co-founding CION in 2012, Michael A. Reisner held positions of increasing responsibility at its predecessor
company, including serving as co-Chief Executive Officer from 2008 to 2012, Chief Financial Officer from 2007 to 2008, Executive Vice
President — Originations from February 2006 through 2007 and Senior Vice President and General Counsel from 2004
through 2006. Earlier in Michael A. Reisner’s career, Michael A. Reisner was an attorney in private practice in New York from 1996
to 2001. Michael A. Reisner serves on the Boards of both CIC and the Fund and served on the Board of the Institute for Portfolio Alternatives
(IPA) from 2018 to 2021. Michael A. Reisner received a J.D., cum laude, from New York Law School and a B.A. from the University of Vermont.
David
A. Sachs
David
A. Sachs is a Partner in the Ares Strategy and Relationship Management Group, and focuses on the Ares Credit Group’s publicly traded
funds, strategic growth opportunities for Ares and facilitating the sharing of credit knowledge across the Ares platform. David A. Sachs
serves as a Director and Chairman of the Board of ARDC and is an interested trustee of the Fund. David A. Sachs also serves as an interested
trustee of Ares Private Markets Fund. Additionally, David A. Sachs serves as a member of the Ares Credit Group’s Alternative Credit
Investment Committee, the Ares Private Equity Group’s Energy Opportunities, Extended Value, and Asia Investment Committees, the
Ares Real Estate Global and Real Estate Debt Investment Committees, and the Ares Equity Income Opportunity Strategy Portfolio Review Committee.
Prior to joining Ares in 1997, David A. Sachs was a Principal of Onyx Partners, Inc., where David A. Sachs focused on merchant banking
and related capital raising activities in the private equity and mezzanine debt markets. Previously, David A. Sachs also worked with Taylor
& Co., an investment manager providing investment advisory and consulting services to members of the Bass Family of Fort Worth, Texas,
and Columbia Savings and Loan Association as Executive Vice President, where David A. Sachs was responsible for asset-liability management
and running the investment management department. David A. Sachs serves as the Non-Executive Chairman of Terex Corporation and is on the
Board of Trustees and the McCormick Advisory Council at Northwestern University. David A. Sachs holds a B.S. from Northwestern University
in Industrial Engineering and Management Science.
Kort
Schnabel
Kort
Schnabel is a Partner in the Ares Credit Group and serves as Co-Head for U.S. Direct Lending, serving on the U.S. Direct Lending Investment
Committee. Additionally, Kort Schnabel serves as Co-President of ARCC. Kort Schnabel also serves on the Ares Sports, Media and Entertainment
Investment
Committee and acts as a co-lead for the strategy. Prior to joining Ares in 2001, Kort Schnabel was in the Corporate Development Group
at Walker Digital Corporation, a business and technology research and development firm, where Kort Schnabel was responsible for corporate
finance, merger and acquisition and strategic planning activities. Previously, Kort Schnabel was in the Corporate Finance Group at Morgan
Stanley, where Kort Schnabel performed financial analyses for mergers and acquisitions, leveraged buyouts and equity/debt offerings. Kort
Schnabel holds a B.A., cum laude, from the University of Pennsylvania in Economics.
Michael
Smith
Michael
Smith is a Partner and Co-Head of the Ares Global Credit Group. Michael Smith serves on the Ares Executive Management Committee. Additionally,
Michael Smith serves as a Director of ARCC and previously served as Co-President of ARCC from July 2014 to October 2022 and
Executive Vice President from May 2013 to July 2014. Michael Smith also serves as an interested trustee and Co-Chief Executive
Officer of Ares Strategic Income Fund. Michael Smith is a member of the Ares Credit Group’s U.S. Direct Lending and Commercial Finance
Investment Committees, the Ivy Hill Asset Management Investment Committee, the Ares Private Equity Group’s Special Opportunities
Investment Committee, the Ares Secondaries Group’s Private Equity Investment Committee, and the Ares Infrastructure Group’s
Infrastructure Group’s Infrastructure Opportunities, Climate Infrastructure Partners and Infrastructure Debt Investment Committees.
Prior to joining Ares in 2004, Michael Smith was a Partner at RBC Capital Partners, a division of Royal Bank of Canada, which led the
firm’s middle market financing and principal investment business. Previously, Michael Smith worked at Indosuez Capital in their
Merchant Banking Group, Kenter, Glastris & Company, and at Salomon Brothers Inc., in their Debt Capital Markets Group and Financial
Institutions Group. Michael Smith serves on the Board of Directors of the University of Notre Dame’s Wilson Sheehan Lab for Economic
Opportunity (LEO), which helps service providers apply scientific evaluation methods to better understand and share effective poverty
interventions. Michael Smith received a B.S. in Business Administration from the University of Notre Dame and a Masters in Management
from Northwestern University’s Kellogg Graduate School of Management.
Bryan
Donohoe
Bryan
Donohoe is a Partner and Co-Head of Ares U.S. Real Estate. Bryan Donohoe is also the Chief Executive Officer of Ares Commercial Real Estate
Corporation. Additionally, Bryan Donohoe serves on the Ares Real Estate Global Investment Committee and the Ares Real Estate Debt Investment
Committee. Prior to joining Ares in 2019, Bryan Donohoe was a Managing Director for Commercial Real Estate Debt in AllianceBernstein’s
Real Estate Investment Group. Previously, Bryan Donohoe was a Senior Professional at Ranieri Real Estate Partners. In addition, Bryan
Donohoe spent 10 years at Deutsche Bank, where Bryan Donohoe focused on originating, structuring and closing of first mortgage loans,
B notes and mezzanine debt. Bryan Donohoe holds a B.A. from Middlebury College in Political Science.
Boris
Okuliar
Boris
Okuliar is a Partner, Portfolio Manager and Co-Head of Global Liquid Credit in the Ares Credit Group. Boris Okuliar serves as a member
of the Ares Credit Group’s European Liquid Credit and European Direct Lending Investment Committees. Prior to joining Ares in 2016,
Boris Okuliar was a Managing Director and Head of Capital Markets for Global Market Strategies at The Carlyle Group, where Boris Okuliar
focused on sourcing credit investment opportunities from banks and sponsors, syndicating excess risk, and developing new business opportunities.
Previously, Boris Okuliar was Head of Leveraged Capital Markets for UBS, where Boris Okuliar focused on the structuring and market execution
of leveraged loans, bridge financing and high yield bond placements. In addition, Boris Okuliar was Head of High Yield Capital Markets
and Syndicate at Barclays Capital in London. Boris Okuliar has also worked for Banc of America Securities in Syndicated Finance and High
Yield Capital Markets in the U.S. and London. Boris Okuliar holds a B.S.B.A. from Georgetown University with a double major in Finance
and International Business, and is a graduate of the Advanced Management Program at Harvard Business School.
Control
Persons
A
control person generally is a person who beneficially owns more than 25% of the voting securities of a company or has the power to exercise
control over the management or policies of such company. To the knowledge of the Fund, as of March 31, 2023, no persons were deemed to
control the Fund.
Administrative
Services
Pursuant
to the CAM Administration Agreement, CAM furnishes the Fund with office equipment and clerical, bookkeeping and record keeping services
at the Fund’s office facilities. Under the CAM Administration Agreement, the Fund is obligated to reimburse CAM, at cost, based
upon the Fund’s allocable portion of CAM’s overhead and other expenses (including travel expenses) incurred by CAM in performing
its obligations under the CAM Administration Agreement, including the Fund’s allocable portion of the compensation of certain of
its officers (including but not limited to the chief compliance officer, chief financial officer, chief accounting officer, general counsel,
treasurer and assistant treasurer) and their respective staffs. The CAM Administration Agreement may be terminated by either party without
penalty upon 60 days’ written notice to the other party. The total expenses incurred under the CAM Administration Agreement
for the year ended December 31, 2022 were approximately $1,774,000.
Pursuant
to the ALPS Administration Agreement, ALPS Fund Services performs, or administers the performance of, certain of the Fund’s
required administrative services, which include, among other things, providing administrative assistance in accounting, legal, compliance,
and operations, preparing the financial records that the Fund is required to maintain and preparing reports to the Fund’s Shareholders
and reports filed with the SEC. In addition, ALPS Fund Services coordinates the preparation and filing of the Fund’s tax returns
and generally coordinates the payment of the Fund’s expenses and the performance of administrative and professional services rendered
to the Fund by others. The total expenses incurred under the ALPS Administration Agreement for the year ended December 31, 2022 were
approximately $2,456,000.
Indemnification
The
Investment Advisory Agreement and Investment Sub-Advisory Agreement provide that, absent willful misfeasance, bad faith or gross negligence
in the performance of its duties or by reason of the reckless disregard of its duties and obligations, the Advisors, their members and
their respective officers, managers, partners, agents, employees, controlling persons, members and any other person or entity affiliated
with any of them are entitled to indemnification from the Fund for any damages, liabilities, costs and expenses (including reasonable
attorneys’ fees and amounts reasonably paid in settlement) arising out of or otherwise based upon the performance of any of the
Advisors’ duties or obligations under the Investment Advisory Agreement and Investment Sub-Advisory Agreement or otherwise as an
investment advisor or investment sub-advisor of the Fund.
Custodians,
Distribution Paying Agent, Transfer Agent and Registrar
State
Street Bank and Trust Company, which has its principal office at Channel Center, 1 Iron Street, Boston, MA, 02210, serves as custodian
for the Fund.
SS&C
GIDS, Inc., which has its principal office at 333 W 11th Street, 5th Floor, Kansas City, MO 64105, serves as the Fund’s distribution
paying agent, transfer agent and registrar.
FUND
EXPENSES
The
Advisors bear all of their own costs incurred in providing investment advisory and sub-advisory services to the Fund. As described below,
however, the Fund bears all other expenses incurred in the business and operation of the Fund, including amounts that the Fund reimburses
to CAM and ALPS Fund Services for certain administrative services that CAM and ALPS Fund Services provide or arrange to be provided
to the Fund.
Expenses
borne directly by the Fund include:
•
corporate,
organizational and offering costs relating to offerings of Shares and Preferred Shares;
•
the
cost of calculating the NAV of Shares, including the cost of any third-party pricing or valuation services;
•
the
cost of effecting sales and repurchases of Shares and other securities;
•
the
Management Fee and Incentive Fee;
•
investment
related expenses (e.g., expenses
that, in the Advisors’ discretion, are related to the investment of the Fund’s assets, whether or not such investments are
consummated), including, as applicable, brokerage commissions, borrowing charges on securities sold short, clearing and settlement charges,
recordkeeping, interest expense, dividends on securities sold but not yet purchased, margin fees, investment related travel and lodging
expenses and research-related expenses;
•
professional
fees relating to investments, including expenses of consultants, investment bankers, attorneys, accountants and other experts;
•
fees
and expenses relating to software tools, programs or other technology (including risk management software, fees to risk management services
providers, third-party software licensing, implementation, data management and recovery services and custom development costs);
•
research
and market data (including news and quotation equipment and services, and any computer hardware and connectivity hardware (e.g.,
telephone and fiber optic lines) incorporated into the cost of obtaining such research and market data);
•
all
costs and charges for equipment or services used in communicating information regarding the Fund’s transactions among the Advisors
and any custodian or other agent engaged by the Fund;
•
transfer
agent and custodial fees;
•
Distributor
costs;
•
fees
and expenses associated with marketing efforts;
•
federal
and any state registration or notification fees;
•
federal,
state and local taxes;
•
fees
and expenses of Trustees not also serving in an executive officer capacity for the Fund or the Advisors;
•
the
costs of preparing, printing and mailing reports and other communications, including tender offer correspondence or similar materials,
to Shareholders;
•
fidelity
bond, Trustees and officers errors and omissions liability insurance and other insurance premiums;
•
direct
costs such as printing, mailing, long distance telephone and staff;
•
overhead
costs, including rent, office supplies, utilities and capital equipment;
•
legal
expenses (including those expenses associated with preparing the Fund’s public filings, attending and preparing for Board meetings,
as applicable, and generally serving as counsel to the Fund);
•
external
accounting expenses (including fees and disbursements and expenses related to the annual audit of the Fund and the preparation of the
Fund’s tax information);
•
any
costs and expenses associated with or related to due diligence performed with respect to the Fund’s offering of its shares, including
but not limited to, costs associated with or related to due diligence activities performed by, on behalf of, or for the benefit of broker-dealers,
registered investment advisors, and third-party due diligence providers;
•
costs
associated with reporting and compliance obligations under the 1940 Act and applicable federal and state securities laws, including compliance
with The Sarbanes-Oxley Act of 2002;
•
all
other expenses incurred by the Fund, CAM and ALPS Fund Services in connection with administering the Fund’s business, including
expenses incurred by CAM and ALPS Fund Services in performing administrative services for the Fund and administrative personnel paid
by CAM and ALPS Fund Services, to the extent they are not controlling persons of CAM and ALPS Fund Services or any of their
respective affiliates, subject to the limitations included in the Administration Agreements; and
•
any
expenses incurred outside of the ordinary course of business, including, without limitation, costs incurred in connection with any claim,
litigation, arbitration, mediation, government investigation or similar proceeding and indemnification expenses as provided for in the
Fund’s organizational documents.
It
is also understood and agreed that if persons associated with the Advisors or any of their affiliates, including persons who are officers
of the Fund, provide accounting, legal, clerical or administrative services to the Fund at the request of the Fund, the Fund will reimburse
the Advisors and their affiliates for their costs in providing such accounting, legal, clerical or administrative services to the Fund
(which costs may include an allocation of overhead including rent and the allocable portion of the salaries and benefits of the relevant
persons and their respective staffs, including travel expenses), using a methodology for determining costs approved by the Board. Nothing
contained herein shall be construed to restrict the Fund’s right to hire its own employees or to contract for services to be performed
by third parties.
Except
as otherwise described in this prospectus, the Advisors and ALPS Fund Services will be reimbursed by the Fund, as applicable, for
any of the above expenses that they pay on behalf of the Fund, including administrative expenses they incur on the Fund’s behalf.
Expense
Support and Conditional Reimbursement Agreement
The
Advisor and the Fund have entered into the Expense Support and Conditional Reimbursement Agreement under which the Advisor may voluntarily
determine to provide an Expense Payment to the Fund to the extent that it deems appropriate in order to ensure that the Fund bears an
appropriate level of expenses. The Expense Support and Conditional Reimbursement Agreement will remain in effect at least until July 31,
2023, unless and until the Board approves its modification or termination. The Expense Support and Conditional Reimbursement Agreement
may be renewed for additional one-year terms by the mutual agreement of the Advisor and the Fund. Prior to July 31, 2019, the Advisor
had agreed contractually to reimburse the Fund’s initial organizational and offering costs, as well as the Fund’s operating
expenses, to the extent that aggregate distributions made to the Fund’s shareholders during the applicable quarter exceeded the
sum of (i) the Fund’s net investment Fund taxable income (including net short-term capital gains reduced by net long-term capital
losses); (ii) the Fund’s net capital gains (including the excess of net long-term capital gains over net short-term capital
losses); and (iii) dividends and other distributions paid to or otherwise earned by the Fund on account of investments in portfolio
companies (to the extent such amounts listed in clause (iii) are not included under clauses (i) and (ii) above).
An
Advisor Reimbursement will be made only if and to the extent that (i) it is payable not more than three years from the last
business day of the calendar quarter in which the applicable Expense Payment was made by the Advisor; (ii) the Advisory Reimbursement
does not cause Other Fund Operating Expenses (as defined herein) (on an annualized basis and net of any reimbursements received by
the Fund during such fiscal year) during the applicable quarter to exceed the percentage of the Fund’s average net assets attributable
to Class I Shares represented by Other Fund Operating Expenses (on an annualized basis)
during
the quarter in which the applicable Expense Payment from the Advisor was made; and (iii) the distributions per share declared by
the Fund for the applicable class at the time of the applicable Expense Payment are less than the effective rate of distributions per
share for such class at the time the Advisor Reimbursement would be paid.
Other
Fund Operating Expenses is defined as the Fund’s total Operating Expenses (as defined below), excluding the Management and
Incentive fees, offering expenses, financing fees and costs, interest expense and extraordinary expenses. “Operating Expenses”
means all operating costs and expenses incurred by the Fund, as determined in accordance with generally accepted accounting principles
for investment companies.
Offering
Costs
All
offering costs of the Fund paid by the Advisor shall be subject to reimbursement pursuant to the Expense Support and Conditional Reimbursement
Agreement.
MANAGEMENT
AND INCENTIVE FEES
Pursuant
to the Investment Advisory Agreement, and in consideration of the advisory services provided by the Advisor to the Fund, the Advisor is
entitled to a fee consisting of two components — the Management Fee and the Incentive Fee. Pursuant to the Investment
Sub-Advisory Agreement, the Advisor pays the Sub-Advisor 40% of the Management Fee and Incentive Fee actually received and retained and
not otherwise used to support expenses.
Management
Fee
The
Management Fee is calculated and payable monthly in arrears at the annual rate of 1.25% of the average daily value of the Fund’s
Managed Assets. “Managed Assets” means the total assets of the Fund (including any assets attributable to any preferred shares
that may be issued or to indebtedness) minus the Fund’s liabilities other than liabilities relating to indebtedness. The Management
Fees incurred during the fiscal year ended December 31, 2022 was approximately $40,784,000.
Incentive
Fee
The
Incentive Fee is calculated and payable quarterly in arrears based upon “pre-incentive fee net investment income” attributable
to each class of the Fund’s Shares for the immediately preceding fiscal quarter, and is subject to a hurdle rate, expressed as a
rate of return based on each class’s average daily net asset value (calculated in accordance with GAAP), equal to 1.50% per quarter
(or an annualized hurdle rate of 6.00%), subject to a “catch-up” feature. For this purpose, “pre-incentive fee net investment
income” means interest income, dividend income and any other income accrued during the fiscal quarter, minus each class’s
operating expenses for the quarter and the distribution and/or shareholder servicing fees (if any) applicable to each class accrued during
the fiscal quarter. For such purposes, the Fund’s operating expenses will include the Management Fee, expenses reimbursed to CAM
under the CAM Administration Agreement, by and between the Fund and CAM, and any interest expense and distributions paid on any issued
and outstanding Preferred Shares, but will exclude the Incentive Fee.
Thus,
the calculation of the Incentive Fee for each fiscal quarter is as follows:
•
No
Incentive Fee is payable in any fiscal quarter in which the applicable pre-incentive fee net investment income attributable to the applicable
share class does not exceed the quarterly hurdle rate of 1.50% of such class’s average daily net assets (calculated in accordance
with GAAP), or 6.00% annualized;
•
100%
of the pre-incentive fee net investment income attributable to the applicable share class, if any, that exceeds the hurdle rate but is
less than or equal to 1.765% of such class’s average daily net asset value (calculated in accordance with GAAP) in any fiscal quarter
(7.06% annualized) is payable to the Advisor; and
•
15%
of the pre-incentive fee net investment income attributable to the applicable share class, if any, that exceeds 1.765% of such class’s
average daily net assets (calculated in accordance with GAAP) in any fiscal quarter (7.06% annualized) is payable to the Advisor (i.e.
once the hurdle rate is reached and the catch-up is achieved).
The
following is a graphical representation of the calculation of the Incentive Fee:
Quarterly
Incentive Fee
Class’s pre-incentive fee net investment income
(expressed as a percentage of the Class’s average
daily net asset value)
Percentage
of each Class’s pre-incentive fee net investment income allocated to the Incentive Fee.
These
calculations will be appropriately prorated for any period of less than three months. During the year ended December 31, 2022,
all Share classes of the Fund incurred a total of approximately $20,043,000 in incentive fees.
Approval
of the Investment Advisory Agreement and Sub-Advisory Agreement
Such
approval of the Investment Advisory Agreement was made in accordance with, and on the basis of an evaluation satisfactory to the Board,
as required by Section 15(c) of the 1940 Act and the applicable rules and regulations thereunder, including consideration of, among
other factors, (i) the nature, quality and extent of the services provided by CAM under the Investment Advisory Agreement; (ii) the
investment performance of the Fund, CAM; (iii) comparative information with respect to advisory fees and other expenses paid by other
comparable investment companies; and (iv) information about the services performed by CAM and the personnel of CAM providing such
services under the Investment Advisory Agreement.
Such
approval of the Investment Sub-Advisory Agreement was made in accordance with, and on the basis of an evaluation satisfactory to the Board,
as required by Section 15(c) of the 1940 Act and the applicable rules and regulations thereunder, including consideration of, among
other factors, (i) the nature, quality and extent of the services provided by Ares Capital under the Investment Sub-Advisory Agreement;
(ii) the investment performance of the Fund, Ares Capital; (iii) comparative information with respect to advisory fees and other
expenses paid by other comparable investment companies; and (iv) information about the services performed by Ares Capital and the
personnel of Ares Capital providing such services under the Investment Sub-Advisory Agreement.
A
discussion of the basis for the Board’s renewal of the Investment Advisory Agreement and Investment Sub-Advisory Agreement can be
found in the Fund’s Semi-Annual Report dated June 30, 2022.
DETERMINATION
OF NET ASSET VALUE
The
Board has designated the Advisor as the Fund’s valuation designee for purposes of Rule 2a-5 under the 1940 Act. NAV per Share
will be determined daily by the Advisor on each day the NYSE is open for trading or at such other times as the Board may determine. NAV
per Share is determined, on a class-specific basis, by dividing the total value of the Fund’s net assets attributable to the applicable
class by the total number of Fund Shares of such class outstanding. The Fund’s net assets are determined by subtracting any
liabilities (including borrowings for investment purposes) from the total value of its portfolio investments and other assets. Each Class A
Share will be offered at NAV plus the applicable sales load, while each Class C Share will be offered at NAV. The Fund’s net
assets are available to holders of Preferred Shares (if any) and Shares. If any Preferred Shares are outstanding, net assets available
for the Shareholders is determined by deducting from net assets the liquidation preference and any accrued dividends on the Preferred
Shares.
Bank
loans, including syndicated loans, are valued by using readily available market quotations or another commercially reasonable method selected
by an independent, third party pricing service that has been approved by the Advisor, or, if such independent, third-party valuations
are not available, by using broker quotations.
Corporate
Bonds and CLOs, and certain other domestic debt securities, are valued at the last reported bid prices supplied by an independent, third
party pricing service that has been approved by the Advisor. If the last reported bid price is not readily available or is otherwise deemed
to be unreliable by the Advisor, then such securities are valued at fair value pursuant to procedures approved by the Board.
If
they are traded on the valuation date, equity securities that are listed or traded on a national exchange will be valued at the last quoted
sale price. Likewise, equity securities that are traded on NASDAQ will be valued at the NASDAQ official closing price if the securities
are traded on the valuation date. If securities are listed on more than one exchange, and if the securities are traded on the valuation
date, they will be valued at the last quoted sale price on the exchange on which the security is principally traded. If there is no sale
of the security on the valuation date, the Advisor will value the securities at the last reported sale price, unless the Advisor believes
such price no longer represents the fair market value and elects to value the security at fair value pursuant to procedures approved by
the Board. If the validity of such quoted prices appears to be questionable or if such quoted prices are not readily available, then the
securities will be valued at fair value pursuant to procedures approved by the Board. Market quotations may be deemed not to represent
fair value in certain circumstances where the Advisor reasonably believes that facts and circumstances applicable to an issuer, seller
or purchaser or to the market for a particular security cause current market quotations not to reflect the fair value of the security.
Examples of these events could include situations in which material events are announced after the close of the market on which a security
is primarily traded, a security trades infrequently causing a quoted purchase or sale price to become stale, or a security’s trading
has been halted or suspended.
The
value of swaps, including credit default swaps, total return swaps and interest rate swaps will be determined by obtaining at least one
dealer quotation (including information from counterparties) or valuations from third-party pricing services. If no quotations or valuations
are available, or if such quotations or valuations are believed to be unreliable, swaps will be fair valued pursuant to procedures approved
by the Board.
Generally,
trading in U.S. Government securities and money market instruments is substantially completed each day at various times prior to the close
of business on the NYSE. The values of such securities used in computing the NAV of the Fund’s Shares are determined as of such
times.
CONFLICTS
OF INTEREST
Certain
of the Fund’s executive officers and trustees, and the employees of the Advisors, serve or may serve as officers, trustees or principals
of entities that operate in the same or a related line of business as the Fund or of other Ares- or CION-advised funds (“Other Managed
Funds”). As a result, they have obligations to investors in those entities, the fulfillment of which might not be in the best interests
of the Fund or its Shareholders. Moreover, notwithstanding the difference in principal investment objectives between the Fund and the
Other Managed Funds, such other funds, including potential new pooled investment vehicles or managed accounts not yet established (whether
managed or sponsored by affiliates or the Advisors), have, and may from time to time have, overlapping investment objectives with the
Fund and, accordingly, invest in, whether principally or secondarily, asset classes similar to those targeted by the Fund. To the extent
the Other Managed Funds have overlapping investment objectives, the scope of opportunities otherwise available to the Fund may be adversely
affected and/or reduced. Additionally, certain employees of the Advisors and their management face conflicts in their time management
and commitments as well as in the allocation of investment opportunities to other Ares funds.
The
results of the Fund’s investment activities may differ significantly from the results achieved by the Other Managed Funds. It is
possible that one or more of such funds will achieve investment results that are substantially more or less favorable than the results
achieved by the Fund. Moreover, it is possible that the Fund will sustain losses during periods in which one or more affiliates achieve
significant profits on their trading for proprietary or other accounts. The opposite result is also possible. The investment activities
of one or more Advisor affiliates for their proprietary accounts and accounts under their management may also limit the investment opportunities
for the Fund in certain markets.
The
Advisors may determine that the Fund should invest on a side-by-side basis with one or more Other Managed Funds. In certain circumstances,
negotiated co-investments may be made only in accordance with the terms of the exemptive order Ares received from the SEC (the “Order”).
Co-investments made under the Order are subject to compliance with the conditions and other requirements contained in the Order, which
could limit the Fund’s ability to participate in a co-investment transaction.
In
the event investment opportunities are allocated among the Fund and Other Managed Funds, the Fund may not be able to structure its investment
portfolio in the manner desired. Although the Advisors endeavor to allocate investment opportunities in a fair and equitable manner, the
Fund is not generally permitted to co-invest in any portfolio company in which a fund managed by Ares or any of its downstream affiliates
(other than the Fund and its downstream affiliates) currently has an investment. However, the Fund may co-invest with funds managed by
Ares or any of its downstream affiliates, subject to compliance with existing regulatory guidance, applicable regulations and its allocation
procedures.
From
time to time, the Fund and the Other Managed Funds may make investments at different levels of an issuer’s capital structure or
otherwise in different classes of an issuer’s securities. Such investments inherently give rise to conflicts of interest or perceived
conflicts of interest between or among the various classes of securities that may be held by such entities.
The
Advisors, their affiliates and their clients may pursue or enforce rights with respect to an issuer in which the Fund has invested, and
those activities may have an adverse effect on the Fund. As a result, prices, availability, liquidity and terms of the Fund’s investments
may be negatively impacted by the activities of the Advisors and their affiliates or their clients, and transactions for the Fund may
be impaired or effected at prices or terms that may be less favorable than would otherwise have been the case.
The
Advisors may enter into transactions and invest in securities, instruments and currencies on behalf of the Fund in which customers of
its affiliates, to the extent permitted by applicable law, serve as the counterparty, principal or issuer. In such cases, such party’s
interests in the transaction would generally be adverse to the interests of the Fund, and such party would have no incentive to assure
that the Fund obtains the best possible prices or terms in connection with the transaction. In addition, the purchase, holding and sale
of such investments by the Fund may enhance the profitability of the Advisors or their affiliates. One or more affiliates may also create,
write or issue Derivatives for their customers, the underlying securities, currencies or instruments of which may be those in which the
Fund invests or which
may
be based on the performance of the Fund. The Fund may, subject to applicable law, purchase investments that are the subject of an underwriting
or other distribution by one or more Advisor affiliates and may also enter into transactions with other clients of an affiliate where
such other clients have interests adverse to those of the Fund.
The
Fund will be required to establish business relationships with its counterparties based on the Fund’s own credit standing. Neither
the Advisors nor any of their affiliates will have any obligation to allow its credit to be used in connection with the Fund’s establishment
of its business relationships, nor is it expected that the Fund’s counterparties will rely on the credit of the Advisors or their
affiliates in evaluating the Fund’s creditworthiness.
The
Advisors are paid a fee based on a percentage of the Fund’s Managed Assets. The participation of the Advisors’ investment
professionals in the valuation process therefore results in a conflict of interest. The Advisors also have a conflict of interest in deciding
whether to cause the Fund to incur leverage or to invest in more speculative investments or financial instruments, which increase the
assets or the yield of the Fund and, accordingly, the Management Fees or Incentive Fees received by the Advisors. Certain other Ares-advised
funds pay the Advisors or their affiliates performance-based compensation, which could create an incentive for the Advisors or affiliate
to favor such investment fund or account over the Fund.
By
reason of the various activities of the Advisors and their affiliates, the Advisors and such affiliates may acquire confidential or material
non-public information or otherwise be restricted from purchasing certain potential Fund investments that otherwise might have been purchased
or be restricted from selling certain Fund investments that might otherwise have been sold at the time.
The
Advisors have adopted policies and procedures designed to prevent conflicts of interest from influencing proxy voting decisions made on
behalf of advisory clients, including the Fund, and to help ensure that such decisions are made in accordance with its fiduciary obligations
to clients. Nevertheless, notwithstanding such proxy voting policies and procedures, actual proxy voting decisions may have the effect
of favoring the interests of other clients, provided that the Advisors believe such voting decisions to be in accordance with its fiduciary
obligations.
SHARE
REPURCHASE PROGRAM
The
Fund does not currently intend to list its Shares on any securities exchange and does not expect any secondary market for them to develop
in the foreseeable future. Therefore, Shareholders should expect that they will be unable to sell their Shares for an indefinite time
or at a desired price. No Shareholder will have the right to require the Fund to repurchase such Shareholder’s Shares or any portion
thereof. Shareholders may not transfer their investment from the Fund to any other registered investment company. Because no public market
exists for the Shares, and none is expected to develop in the foreseeable future, Shareholders will not be able to liquidate their investment,
other than through the Fund’s share repurchase program, or, in limited circumstances, as a result of transfers of Shares to other
investors.
To
provide Shareholders with limited liquidity, the Fund is structured as an “interval fund” and intends to conduct quarterly
offers to repurchase between 5% and 25% of its outstanding Shares at NAV, pursuant to Rule 23c-3 under the 1940 Act, unless such
offer is suspended or postponed in accordance with regulatory requirements (as discussed below). In connection with any given repurchase
offer, it is expected the Fund will offer to repurchase only the minimum amount of 5% of its outstanding Shares. Additionally, in connection
with the Fund’s issuance of the MRP Shares, if a quarterly repurchase of Shares would cause the Fund to be below certain asset coverage
limits or if the Fund fails to satisfy certain other requirements, such quarterly repurchase offer of Shares shall not exceed 5% of the
outstanding Shares. See “Description of Capital Structure — MRP Shares” for additional information.
Quarterly
repurchases occur in the months of March, June, September and December. The offer to purchase Shares is a fundamental policy that
may not be changed without the vote of the holders of a majority of the Fund’s outstanding voting securities (as defined in the
1940 Act). The Repurchase Offer Notice is sent to Shareholders at least 21 calendar days before the Repurchase Request Deadline. The Fund
expects to determine the NAV applicable to repurchases on the Repurchase Request Deadline. However, the NAV will be calculated no later
than the Repurchase Pricing Date. The Fund expects to distribute payment to Shareholders between one and three business days after the
Repurchase Pricing Date and will distribute such payment no later than seven calendar days after such Date. The Fund’s Shares are
not listed on any securities exchange, and the Fund anticipates that no secondary market will develop for its Shares. Accordingly, you
may not be able to sell Shares when and/or in the amount that you desire. Thus, the Shares are appropriate only as a long-term investment.
In addition, the Fund’s repurchase offers may subject the Fund and Shareholders to special risks.
Determination
of Repurchase Offer Amount
The
Board, or a committee thereof, in its sole discretion, will determine the number of Shares that the Fund will offer to repurchase (the
“Repurchase Offer Amount”) for a given Repurchase Request Deadline. The Repurchase Offer Amount, however, will be no less
than 5% and no more than 25% of the total number of Shares outstanding on the Repurchase Request Deadline.
If
Shareholders tender for repurchase more than the Repurchase Offer Amount for a given repurchase offer, the Fund will repurchase the Shares
on a pro rata basis. However, the Fund may accept all Shares tendered for repurchase by Shareholders who own less than one hundred
Shares and who tender all of their Shares, before prorating other amounts tendered.
Notice
to Shareholders
No
less than 21 days and more than 42 days before each Repurchase Request Deadline, the Fund shall send to each Shareholder of
record and to each beneficial owner of the Shares that are the subject of the repurchase offer a notification (“Shareholder Notification”).
The Shareholder Notification will contain information Shareholders should consider in deciding whether to tender their Shares for repurchase.
The Shareholder Notification also will include detailed instructions on how to tender Shares for repurchase, state the Repurchase Offer
Amount and identify the dates of the Repurchase Request Deadline, the scheduled Repurchase Pricing Date, and the date the repurchase proceeds
are scheduled for payment (the “Repurchase Payment Deadline”). The Shareholder Notification also will set forth the NAV that
has been computed no more than seven days before the date of notification, and how Shareholders may ascertain the NAV after the notification
date.
Repurchase
Price
The
repurchase price of the Shares will be the NAV of the Share class as of the close of regular trading on the NYSE on the Repurchase Pricing
Date. You may call 888-729-4266 to learn the NAV. The Shareholder Notification also will provide information concerning the NAV, such
as the NAV as of a recent date or a sampling of recent NAVs, and a toll-free number for information regarding the repurchase offer.
Repurchase
Amounts and Payment of Proceeds
Shares
tendered for repurchase by Shareholders prior to any Repurchase Request Deadline will be repurchased subject to the aggregate Repurchase
Offer Amount established for that Repurchase Request Deadline. Payment pursuant to the repurchase offer will be made by check to the Shareholder’s
address of record, or credited directly to a predetermined bank account on the Purchase Payment Date, which will be no more than seven
days after the Repurchase Pricing Date. The Board may establish other policies for repurchases of shares that are consistent with the
1940 Act, regulations thereunder and other pertinent laws.
If
Shareholders tender for repurchase more than the Repurchase Offer Amount for a given repurchase offer, the Fund may, but is not required
to, repurchase an additional amount of Shares not to exceed 2.00% of the outstanding Shares of the Fund on the Repurchase Request Deadline.
If the Fund determines not to repurchase more than the Repurchase Offer Amount, or if Shareholders tender shares in an amount exceeding
the Repurchase Offer Amount plus 2.00% of the outstanding Shares on the Repurchase Request Deadline, the Fund will repurchase the Shares
on a pro rata basis. However, the Fund may accept all Shares tendered for repurchase by Shareholders who own less than one hundred
Shares and who tender all of their Shares, before prorating other amounts tendered.
With
respect to any required minimum distributions from an IRA or other qualified retirement plan, it is the obligation of the Shareholder
to determine the amount of any such required minimum distribution and to otherwise satisfy the required minimum. In the event that Shareholders
tender for repurchase more than the Repurchase Offer Amount for a given repurchase offer, the Fund will repurchase the shares on a pro rata
basis, which may result in the Fund not honoring the full amount of a required minimum distribution requested by a Shareholder.
DESCRIPTION
OF CAPITAL STRUCTURE
The
following description is based on relevant portions of the Delaware Statutory Trust Act, as amended, and on the Declaration of Trust and
bylaws. This summary is not intended to be complete. Please refer to the Delaware Statutory Trust Act, as amended, and the Declaration
of Trust and bylaws, copies of which have been filed as exhibits to the registration statement of which this prospectus forms a part,
for a more detailed description of the provisions summarized below.
Shares
of Beneficial Interest
The
Declaration of Trust authorizes the Fund’s issuance of an unlimited number of common shares of beneficial interest of each class,
par value $0.001 per share. There is currently no market for Shares and the Fund does not expect that a market for Shares will develop
in the foreseeable future. Pursuant to the Declaration of Trust and as permitted by Delaware law, Shareholders are entitled to the same
limitation of personal liability extended to stockholders of private corporations organized for profit under the General Corporation Law
of the State of Delaware, as amended (the “DGCL”), and therefore generally will not be personally liable for the Fund’s
debts or obligations.
Shares
Under
the terms of the Declaration of Trust, all Shares, when consideration for Shares is received by the Fund, will be fully paid and nonassessable.
Distributions may be paid to Shareholders if, as and when authorized and declared by the Board. Shares will have no preference, preemptive,
appraisal, conversion or redemption rights, and will be freely transferable, except where their transfer is restricted by law or contract.
The Declaration of Trust provides that the Board shall have the power to repurchase or redeem Shares and provide Shareholders with the
right to exchange Shares of any class for Shares of one or more other classes in the manner and on the terms described herein. In the
event of the Fund’s dissolution, after the Fund pays or adequately provides for the payment of all claims and obligations of the
Fund, and upon the receipt of such releases, indemnities and refunding agreements deemed necessary by the Board, each Share will be entitled
to receive, according to its respective rights, a pro rata portion of the Fund’s assets available for distribution for the
applicable class, subject to any preferential rights of holders of the Fund’s outstanding Preferred Shares, if any. Each whole Share
will be entitled to one vote as to any matter on which it is entitled to vote and each fractional Share will be entitled to a proportionate
fractional vote. However, to the extent required by the 1940 Act or otherwise determined by the Board, classes of the Fund will vote separately
from each other. Shareholders shall be entitled to vote on all matters on which a vote of Shareholders is required by the 1940 Act, the
Declaration of Trust or a resolution of the Board. There will be no cumulative voting in the election or removal of Trustees. Under the
Declaration of Trust, the Fund is not required to hold annual meetings of Shareholders. The Fund only expects to hold Shareholder meetings
to the extent required by the 1940 Act or pursuant to special meetings called by the Board or a majority of Shareholders.
Preferred
Shares and Other Securities
The
Declaration of Trust provides that the Board may, subject to the Fund’s investment policies and restrictions and the requirements
of the 1940 Act, authorize and cause the Fund to issue securities of the Fund other than Shares (including Preferred Shares, debt securities
or other senior securities), by action of the Board without the approval of Shareholders. The Board may determine the terms, rights, preferences,
privileges, limitations and restrictions of such securities as the Board sees fit.
Preferred
Shares could be issued with rights and preferences that would adversely affect Shareholders. Preferred Shares could also be used as an
anti-takeover device. Every issuance of Preferred Shares will be required to comply with the requirements of the 1940 Act. The 1940 Act
requires, among other things, that (i) immediately after issuance of Preferred Shares and before any distribution is made with respect
to the Shares and before any purchase of Shares is made, the aggregate involuntary liquidation preference of such Preferred Shares together
with the aggregate involuntary liquidation preference or aggregate value of all other senior securities must not exceed an amount equal
to 50% of the Fund’s total assets after deducting the amount of such distribution or purchase price, as the case may be; and (ii) the
holders of Preferred
Shares,
if any are issued, must be entitled as a class to elect two Trustees at all times and to elect a majority of the Trustees if distributions
on such Preferred Shares are in arrears by two years or more. Certain matters under the 1940 Act require the separate vote of the
holders of any issued and outstanding Preferred Shares.
MRP
Shares
On
July 30, 2021, the Fund issued 2,400,000 Series A Mandatory Redeemable Preferred Shares (“Series A MRP Shares”).
On September 30, 2021, the Fund issued 3,600,000 Series B Mandatory Redeemable Preferred Shares (“Series B MRP Shares”)
and 6,000,000 Series C Mandatory Redeemable Preferred Shares (“Series C MRP Shares”). On January 6, 2022, the
Fund issued 2,200,000 Series D Mandatory Redeemable Preferred Shares (“Series D MRP Shares”) and 2,600,000 Series E
Mandatory Redeemable Preferred Shares (“Series E MRP Shares”). Certain rights, terms and conditions of the MRP Shares
are summarized below:
Priority. Each
holder of MRP Shares is entitled to a liquidation preference of $25.00 per share (the “Liquidation Value”), plus additional
amounts described under “Liquidation” below. With respect to distributions, including the payment of dividends and distribution
of the Fund’s assets upon dissolution, liquidation or winding up, the MRP Shares are senior to all other classes and series of common
shares of beneficial interest and rank on parity with any other Preferred Shares. Holders of the MRP Shares will not, however, participate
in any appreciation in the value of the Fund. The consent of the holders of the outstanding Preferred Shares is not required to authorize
or issue any class or series of Preferred Shares ranking on parity with the MRP Shares.
Dividends. The
holders of MRP Shares are entitled to receive quarterly cumulative cash dividends, when, as and if authorized by the Board and declared
by the Fund, out of funds legally available therefor, at the rate per annum equal to the Applicable Rate, as defined below, with certain
adjustments for changes in a series’ rating, and no more, of the Liquidation Value, payable quarterly, beginning on the initial
dividend payment date of November 1, 2021 for the Series A MRP Shares, February 1, 2022 for the Series B MRP Shares
and Series C MRP Shares, and April 7, 2022 for the Series D MRP Shares and Series E MRP Shares. For Series A
MRP Shares, Series B MRP Shares and Series C MRP Shares, dividends will then be payable on the first business day of the month
next following each of the following dates: 31st
day of each January, the 30th
day of each April, the 31st
day of each July and the 31st
day of each October. For Series D MRP Shares and Series E MRP Shares, dividends will then be payable on the first business day
of the month next following each of the following dates: 6th
day of each January, the 6th
day of each April, the 6th
day of each July and the 6th
day of each October. Dividends on MRP Shares accumulate from and including the original issue date.
Each
dividend on MRP Shares will be paid on the dividend payment date therefor to the holders as their names appear on the share ledger or
share records of the Fund at the close of business on the fifth day prior to the quarterly dividend date (or if such day is not a business
day, the next preceding business day). Dividends in arrears for any past dividend period may be declared and paid at any time, without
reference to any regular dividend payment date, to the holders as their names appear on the share ledger or share records of the Fund
at the close of business on a date, not exceeding five days preceding the payment date thereof, as may be fixed by the Board. No interest
will be payable in respect of any dividend payment or payments which may be in arrears; provided, however, that the dividend rate may
be increased in such circumstances.
So
long the rating of each series of the MRP Shares remains the same, the dividend rate on the MRP Shares will be 2.68% for Series A
MRP Shares, 2.68% for Series B MRP Shares, 3.07% for Series C MRP Shares, 2.96% for Series D MRP Shares and 3.48% for Series E
MRP Shares (collectively, the “Applicable Rate”).
Voting. Except
for matters which do not require the vote of holders of MRP Shares under the 1940 Act and except as otherwise provided in the Declaration
of Trust or bylaws, or as otherwise required by applicable law, each holder of MRP Shares shall be entitled to one vote for each MRP Share
held on each matter submitted to a vote of shareholders of the Fund, and holders of outstanding Preferred Shares and Shares shall vote
together as a single class on all matters submitted to shareholders; provided, however, that
the
holders of outstanding Preferred Shares shall be entitled, as a class, to the exclusion of the holders of shares of all other classes
of beneficial interests of the Fund, to elect two Trustees of the Fund at all times. In addition, the holders of the outstanding Preferred
Shares and Shares, voting together as a single class, shall elect the balance of the Trustees; however, the number of Trustees constituting
the Board shall automatically increase by the smallest number that, when added to the two Trustees elected exclusively by the holders
of outstanding Preferred Shares would constitute a majority of the Board as so increased by such smallest number, and the holders of Preferred
Shares shall be entitled, voting as a class on a one vote per share basis (to the exclusion of the holders of all other securities and
classes of shares of the Fund), to elect such smallest number of additional Trustees, together with the two Trustees that such holders
are in any event entitled to elect if: (i) at the close of business on any dividend payment date accumulated dividends (whether or
not earned or declared) on Preferred Shares equal to at least two full years’ dividends shall be due and unpaid; or (ii) if
at any time holders of any shares of Preferred Shares are entitled under the 1940 Act, to elect a majority of the Trustees of the Fund.
Notwithstanding
the foregoing, the affirmative vote of the holders of a majority of the outstanding Preferred Shares, voting as a separate class, and
a majority of the MRP Shares, voting as a separate class, both determined with reference to a “majority of outstanding voting securities”
as that term is defined in Section 2(a)(42) of the 1940 Act, shall be required to create, authorize or issue shares of any class
or series of beneficial interests ranking senior to the Preferred Shares with respect to the payment of dividends or the distribution
of assets, or any securities convertible into, or warrants, options or similar rights to purchase, acquire or receive, such shares of
beneficial interests ranking senior to the Preferred Shares or reclassify any authorized shares of beneficial interests of the Fund into
any shares ranking senior to the Preferred Shares. In addition, the affirmative vote of the holders of a majority of the outstanding Preferred
Shares determined with reference to a “majority of outstanding voting securities” as that term is defined in Section 2(a)(42)
of the 1940 Act, voting as a separate class, shall be required to (i) amend, alter or repeal (including by merger, consolidation
or otherwise) any of the preferences, rights or powers of such class of Preferred Shares so as to adversely affect such preferences, rights
or powers and will not amend any provision of the Declaration of Trust or bylaws in a manner which would restrict or limit the ability
of the Fund to comply with the terms and provisions of the Securities Purchase Agreement; (ii) amend, alter or repeal (including
by merger, consolidation or otherwise) any of the provisions of the Declaration of Trust or bylaws if such amendment, alteration or repeal
would adversely affect any privilege, preference, right or power of the MRP Shares or the holders thereof; and (iii) approve any
plan of reorganization (as such term is used in the 1940 Act) adversely affecting such shares or any action requiring a vote of security
holders of the Fund under Section 13(a) of the 1940 Act.
Redemption. The
outstanding shares of MRP Shares are subject to redemption at any time by notice of such redemption on a date selected by the Fund for
such redemption (the “Redemption Date”). If the Fund elects to cause the redemption of the MRP Shares, each MRP Share will
be redeemed for a price equal to 100% of such share’s Liquidation Value, plus an amount equal to accumulated but unpaid dividends
and other distributions on the MRP Shares (whether or not earned or declared by the Fund, but excluding interest thereon), to, but excluding,
the Redemption Date, plus the amount equal to the excess, if any, of the discounted value of the remaining scheduled payments with respect
to the Liquidation Value of such MRP Share over the amount of such Liquidation Value; provided, however, the Fund may, at its option (i) redeem
the Series A MRP Shares within 90 days prior to July 30, 2026 (the “Series A Term Redemption Date”), (ii) redeem
the Series B MRP Shares within 90 days prior to September 30, 2026 (the “Series B Term Redemption Date”),
(ii) redeem the Series C MRP Shares within 90 days prior to September 30, 2026 (the “Series C Term Redemption
Date”), (ii) redeem the Series D MRP Shares within 90 days prior to January 6, 2027 (the “Series D
Term Redemption Date”), (ii) redeem the Series E MRP Shares within 90 days prior to January 6, 2032 (the “Series E
Term Redemption Date” and collectively with Series A Term Redemption Date, Series B Term Redemption Date, Series C
Term Redemption Date and Series D Term Redemption Date, the “Term Redemption Dates”), each at the Liquidation Value plus
accumulated but unpaid dividends and distributions thereon (whether or not earned or declared by the Fund, but excluding interest thereon)
to, but excluding the Redemption Date.
If
the asset coverage, as determined in accordance with Section 18(h) of the 1940 Act, is less than or equal to 235% for any five business
days within a ten business day period, determined on the basis of values calculated as of a time within 48 hours (not including Sundays
or holidays) next preceding the time of such
determination
within the ten business day period, the Fund, upon not less than 12 days’ nor more than 40 days’ notice, may redeem
the MRP Shares at the Liquidation Value plus accumulated but unpaid dividends and distributions thereon (whether or not earned or declared
by the Fund, but excluding interest thereon) to, but excluding, the date fixed for redemption, plus a redemption amount equal to 2% of
the Liquidation Value; the amount of MRP Shares that may be redeemed under this provision shall not exceed an amount of MRP Shares which
results in asset coverage of more than 250% pro forma for such redemption, determined on the basis of values calculated as of a time
within 48 hours (not including Sundays or holidays) next preceding the time of such determination.
If
the Fund fails to maintain asset coverage of at least 225%, determined on the basis of values calculated as of a time within 48 hours
(not including Sundays or holidays) next preceding the time of such determination, the Fund shall redeem the number of MRP Shares provided
below at the Liquidation Value plus an amount equal to accumulated but unpaid dividends and distributions thereon (whether or not earned
or declared by the Fund, but excluding interest thereon) to, but excluding, the date fixed for redemption, plus a redemption amount equal
to 1% of the Liquidation Value. The number of MRP Shares to be redeemed upon the Fund’s failure to maintain asset coverage of 225%
on any valuation date will be equal to the product of (1) the quotient of the number of MRP Shares divided by the aggregate number
of outstanding Preferred Shares which have an asset coverage test greater than or equal to 225% and (2) the minimum number of outstanding
shares of Preferred Shares the redemption of which would result in the Fund having asset coverage of 225% as of a date that is no more
than 30 days after the date the Fund failed to maintain asset coverage of 225% (provided that, if there is no such number of MRP
Shares the redemption of which would have such result, the Fund shall redeem all MRP Shares then outstanding). The Fund shall effect any
such redemption no later than 40 calendar days after the date the Fund failed to maintain asset coverage of 225%, except for in certain
circumstances. Notwithstanding the foregoing, if the Fund satisfies asset coverage of at least 225% as of a date that is no more than
30 days after the date the Fund failed to maintain asset coverage of 225% before taking into account any redemptions of Preferred
Shares, the Fund shall not be obligated to redeem any shares of Preferred Shares under this provision.
The
Fund shall redeem all outstanding Series A MRP Shares, Series B MRP Shares, Series C MRP Shares, Series D MRP Shares
and Series E MRP Shares on the respective Term Redemption Dates at the Liquidation Value plus an amount equal to accumulated but
unpaid dividends and distributions thereon (whether or not earned or declared by the Fund, but excluding interest thereon), to, but excluding,
the respective Term Redemption Dates.
Subject
to certain conditions, no MRP Shares may be redeemed unless all dividends in arrears on the MRP Shares and all shares of beneficial interests
of the Fund ranking on a parity with the MRP Shares with respect to payment of dividends or upon liquidation have been or are being contemporaneously
paid or set apart for payment; provided, however, that the foregoing shall not prevent the purchase or acquisition by the Fund of all
MRP Shares pursuant to the successful completion of an otherwise lawful purchase, tender or exchange offer made on the same terms to,
and accepted by, Holders of all MRP Shares.
Liquidation. Upon
the dissolution, liquidation or winding up of the affairs of the Fund, whether voluntary or involuntary, the holders of MRP Shares then
outstanding, together with holders of shares of any Preferred Shares ranking on a parity with the MRP Shares upon dissolution, liquidation
or winding up, shall be entitled to receive and to be paid out of the assets of the Fund (or the proceeds thereof) available for distribution
to its shareholders after satisfaction of claims of creditors of the Fund, but before any distribution or payment shall be made in respect
of the Shares, an amount equal to the liquidation preference with respect to such shares. The liquidation preference for MRP Shares shall
be $25.00 per share, plus an amount equal to all accumulated and unpaid dividends thereon (whether or not earned or declared but without
interest) to the date payment of such distribution is made in full. No redemption premium shall be paid upon any liquidation even if such
redemption premium would be paid upon optional or mandatory redemption of the relevant shares. If, upon any liquidation, dissolution or
winding up of the affairs of the Fund, whether voluntary or involuntary, the assets of the Fund available for distribution among the holders
of all outstanding shares of Preferred Shares shall be insufficient to permit the payment in full to holders of the amounts to which they
are entitled, then the available assets shall be distributed among the holders of all outstanding shares of Preferred Shares ratably in
any distribution of assets according to the respective amounts which would be payable on all the shares if all amounts thereon were paid
in full.
Upon
the dissolution, liquidation or winding up of the affairs of the Fund, whether voluntary or involuntary, until payment in full is made
to the holders of MRP Shares of the liquidation distribution to which they are entitled, (1) no dividend or other distribution shall
be made to Shareholders or any other class or series of shares of beneficial interests of the Fund ranking junior to MRP Shares upon dissolution,
liquidation or winding up and (2) no purchase, redemption or other acquisition for any consideration by the Fund shall be made in
respect of the Shares or any other class of shares of beneficial interests of the Fund ranking junior to MRP Shares upon dissolution,
liquidation or winding up. A consolidation, reorganization or merger of the Fund with or into any company, trust or other legal entity,
or a sale, lease or exchange of all or substantially all of the assets of the Fund in consideration for the issuance of equity securities
of another company, trust of other legal entity shall not be deemed to be a liquidation, dissolution or winding up, whether voluntary
or involuntary, for the purposes of these provisions.
Conversion. The
MRP Shares are not convertible into any other class or series of shares.
Transfer
restrictions. The MRP Shares are “restricted securities” for purposes
of the 1933 Act. Accordingly, the MRP Shares may not be offered, sold, transferred or delivered, directly or indirectly, unless (i) such
shares are registered under the 1933 Act and any other applicable state securities laws, or (ii) an exemption from registration under
the 1933 Act and any other applicable state securities laws is available.
Other
Matters. For so long as the MRP Shares are outstanding, the Fund will not declare,
pay or set apart for payment any dividend or other distribution (other than a dividend or distribution paid in shares of, or options,
warrants or rights to subscribe for or purchase, Shares or other shares of beneficial interests, if any, ranking junior to the MRP Shares
as to dividends or upon liquidation) with respect to Shares or any other shares of the Fund ranking junior to or on a parity with the
MRP Shares as to dividends or upon liquidation, or call for redemption, redeem, purchase or otherwise acquire for consideration any Shares
or any other such junior shares (except by conversion into or exchange for shares of the Fund ranking junior to the MRP Shares as to dividends
and upon liquidation) or any such parity shares (except by conversion into or exchange for shares of the Fund ranking junior to or on
a parity with the MRP Shares as to dividends and upon liquidation), unless (1) immediately after such transaction asset coverage
of 225% would be achieved, (2) full cumulative dividends on the MRP Shares due on or prior to the date of the transaction have been
declared and paid, and (3) the Fund has redeemed the full number of MRP Shares required to be redeemed by any provision for mandatory
redemption ((1), (2) and (3) are together the “Requirements”). Notwithstanding the foregoing, the Fund shall not,
at any time, be prohibited or otherwise restricted in its ability to call for redemption, redeem, purchase or otherwise acquire for consideration
its Shares pursuant to its fundamental policy to make quarterly repurchase offers pursuant to Rule 23c-3 of the 1940 Act for between
5% and 25% of the Shares outstanding at net asset value (the “Repurchase Policy”); provided, however, if (i) a quarterly
repurchase of Shares pursuant to the Repurchase Policy and/or Rule 23c-3 of the 1940 Act would cause the Fund to be below asset coverage
of 225% or (ii) the Fund has failed to satisfy (and continues to fail to satisfy) the Requirements and the Fund is required to make
a quarterly repurchase offer of Shares pursuant to the Repurchase Policy and/or Rule 23c-3 of the 1940 Act before the Requirements
are satisfied, such quarterly repurchase offer of Shares shall not exceed 5% of the Shares outstanding, at a price equal to the Fund’s
net asset value (as may be determined in accordance with its valuation policies and procedures) as of the “repurchase pricing date,”
as such term is defined in Rule 23c-3 and as set forth in the applicable repurchase offer documents. Subject to the certain conditions,
the Board may, in the future, authorize the issuance of additional Preferred Shares with the same preferences, rights, voting powers,
restrictions, limitations as to dividends and other distributions, qualifications and terms and conditions of redemption and other terms
applicable to the MRP Shares, except that the initial dividend period, the applicable rate for the initial dividend period and the initial
dividend payment date shall be as set forth in the Supplement to the Declaration of Trust relating to such additional Preferred Shares.
Outstanding
Securities
The
following table shows, for each class of authorized securities of the Fund, the amount of (i) shares authorized and (ii) shares
outstanding, each as of April 21, 2023:
Class
|
|
|
(1)
Amount Authorized |
|
|
(2)
Amount Held by the Fund for its Account |
|
|
(3)
Amount Outstanding Exclusive of Amount Shown Under (2) |
|
Common
Shares |
|
|
|
|
Unlimited |
|
|
|
|
|
0 |
|
|
|
|
|
102,578,359 |
|
|
Series A
Mandatory Redeemable Preferred Shares |
|
|
|
|
2,400,000 |
|
|
|
|
|
0 |
|
|
|
|
|
2,400,000 |
|
|
Series B
Mandatory Redeemable Preferred Shares |
|
|
|
|
3,600,000 |
|
|
|
|
|
0 |
|
|
|
|
|
3,600,000 |
|
|
Series C
Mandatory Redeemable Preferred Shares |
|
|
|
|
6,000,000 |
|
|
|
|
|
0 |
|
|
|
|
|
6,000,000 |
|
|
Series D
Mandatory Redeemable Preferred Shares |
|
|
|
|
2,200,000 |
|
|
|
|
|
0 |
|
|
|
|
|
2,200,000 |
|
|
Series E
Mandatory Redeemable Preferred Shares |
|
|
|
|
2,600,000 |
|
|
|
|
|
0 |
|
|
|
|
|
2,600,000 |
|
|
Limitation
on Liability of Trustees and Officers; Indemnification and Advance of Expenses
Pursuant
to the Declaration of Trust, Trustees and officers of the Fund will not be subject in such capacity to any personal liability to the Fund
or Shareholders, unless the liability arises from bad faith, willful misfeasance, gross negligence or reckless disregard for the Trustee’s
or officer’s duty.
Except
as otherwise provided in the Declaration of Trust, the Fund will indemnify and hold harmless any current or former Trustee or officer
of the Fund against any liabilities and expenses (including reasonable attorneys’ fees relating to the defense or disposition of
any action, suit or proceeding with which such person is involved or threatened), while and with respect to acting in the capacity of
a Trustee or officer of the Fund, except with respect to matters in which such person did not act in good faith in the reasonable belief
that his or her action was in the best interest of the Fund, or in the case of a criminal proceeding, matters for which such person had
reasonable cause to believe that his or her conduct was unlawful. In accordance with the 1940 Act, the Fund will not indemnify any Trustee
or officer for any liability to which such person would be subject by reason of his or her willful misfeasance, bad faith, gross negligence
or reckless disregard of the duties of his or her position. The Fund will provide indemnification to Trustees and officers prior to a
final determination regarding entitlement to indemnification as described in the Declaration of Trust.
The
Fund has entered into the Investment Advisory Agreement with CAM and the Investment Sub-Advisory Agreement with Ares Capital. The Investment
Advisory Agreement and the Investment Sub-Advisory Agreement provide that, in the absence of willful misfeasance, bad faith, gross negligence
or reckless disregard for its obligations and duties thereunder, the Advisors are not liable for any error of judgment or mistake of law
or for any loss the Fund suffers.
Pursuant
to the Declaration of Trust, the Fund will advance the expenses of defending any action for which indemnification is sought if the Fund
receives a written undertaking by the indemnitee which provides that the indemnitee will reimburse the Fund unless it is subsequently
determined that the indemnitee is entitled to such indemnification.
Number
of Trustees; Appointment of Trustees; Vacancies; Removal
The
Declaration of Trust provides that the number of Trustees shall be no less than one and no more than 15, as determined in writing by a
majority of the Trustees then in office. As set forth in the Declaration of Trust, a Trustee’s term of office shall continue until
his or her death, resignation or removal. Subject to the provisions of the 1940 Act, individuals may be appointed by the Trustees at any
time to fill vacancies on the Board by the appointment of such persons by a majority of the Trustees then in office. Each Trustee shall
hold office until his or her successor shall have been appointed pursuant to the Declaration of Trust. To the extent that the 1940 Act
requires that Trustees be elected by Shareholders, any such Trustees will be elected by a plurality of all Shares voted at a meeting of
Shareholders at which a quorum is present.
The
Declaration of Trust provides that any Trustee may be removed (provided that after the removal the aggregate number of Trustees is not
less than the minimum required by the Declaration of Trust) (i) with cause, by at least two-thirds (66 2/3%) of the remaining Trustees;
or (ii) without cause, by all of the remaining Trustees.
Action
by Shareholders
The
Declaration of Trust provides that Shareholder action can be taken only at a meeting of Shareholders or by unanimous written consent in
lieu of a meeting. Subject to the 1940 Act, the Declaration of Trust or a resolution of the Board specifying a greater or lesser vote
requirement, the affirmative vote of a majority of Shares present in person or represented by proxy at a meeting and entitled to vote
on the subject matter shall be the act of the Shareholders with respect to any matter submitted to a vote of the Shareholders.
Amendment
of Declaration of Trust and Bylaws
Subject
to the provisions of the 1940 Act, pursuant to the Declaration of Trust, the Board may amend the Declaration of Trust without any vote
of Shareholders. Pursuant to the Declaration of Trust and bylaws, the Board has the exclusive power to amend or repeal the bylaws or adopt
new bylaws at any time.
No
Appraisal Rights
In
certain extraordinary transactions, some jurisdictions provide the right to dissenting Shareholders to demand and receive the fair value
of their Shares, subject to certain procedures and requirements set forth in such statute. Those rights are commonly referred to as appraisal
rights. The Declaration of Trust provides that Shares shall not entitle Shareholders to appraisal rights.
Conflict
with Applicable Laws and Regulations
The
Declaration of Trust provides that if and to the extent that any provision of the Declaration of Trust conflicts with any provision of
the 1940 Act, the provisions under the Code applicable to the Fund as a RIC or other applicable laws and regulations, the conflicting
provision shall be deemed never to have constituted a part of the Declaration of Trust; provided, however, that such determination shall
not affect any of the remaining provisions of the Declaration of Trust or affect the validity of any action taken or omitted to be taken
prior to such determination.
TAX
ASPECTS
The
following is a general summary of certain material U.S. federal income tax considerations applicable to the Fund and an investment in
the Fund. The discussion below provides general tax information related to an investment in the Fund, but does not purport to be a complete
description of the U.S. federal income tax consequences of an investment in the Fund and does not address any state, local, non-U.S. or
other tax consequences. It is based on the Code and U.S. Treasury regulations thereunder and administrative pronouncements, all as of
the date hereof, any of which is subject to change, possibly with retroactive effect. In addition, it does not describe all of the tax
consequences that may be relevant in light of a Shareholder’s particular circumstances, including (but not limited to) alternative
minimum tax consequences and tax consequences applicable to Shareholders subject to special tax rules, such as certain financial institutions;
dealers or traders in securities who use a mark-to-market method of tax accounting; persons holding Shares as part of a hedging transaction,
wash sale, conversion transaction or integrated transaction or persons entering into a constructive sale with respect to Shares; entities
classified as partnerships or other pass-through entities for U.S. federal income tax purposes; insurance companies; U.S. Shareholders
(as defined below) whose functional currency is not the U.S. dollar; or tax-exempt entities, including “individual retirement accounts”
or “Roth IRAs.” Unless otherwise noted, the following discussion applies only to a Shareholder that holds Shares as a capital
asset and is a U.S. Shareholder. A “U.S. Shareholder” generally is a beneficial owner of Shares who is for U.S. federal income
tax purposes:
•
an
individual who is a citizen or resident of the United States;
•
a
corporation, or other entity taxable as a corporation, created or organized in or under the laws of the United States, any state thereof
or the District of Columbia;
•
an
estate the income of which is subject to U.S. federal income taxation regardless of its source; or
•
a
trust if it (a) is subject to the primary supervision of a court within the United States and one or more U.S. persons have the authority
to control all substantial decisions of the trust or (b) has a valid election in effect under applicable U.S. Treasury regulations
to be treated as a U.S. person.
If
a partnership (including an entity treated as a partnership for U.S. federal income tax purposes) holds Shares, the tax treatment of a
partner in the partnership will generally depend upon the status of the partner and the activities of the partnership. A prospective Shareholder
that is a partner in a partnership holding Shares should consult his, her or its tax advisors with respect to the purchase, ownership
and disposition of Shares.
The
discussion set forth herein does not constitute tax advice. Tax laws are complex and often change, and Shareholders should consult their
tax advisors about the U.S. federal, state, local or non-U.S. tax consequences of an investment in the Fund.
Taxation
of the Fund
The
Fund has elected to be treated for U.S. federal income tax purposes, and intends to qualify annually, as a RIC under Subchapter M of the
Code. As a RIC, the Fund generally will not be subject to corporate-level U.S. federal income taxes on any ordinary income or capital
gains that it distributes as dividends to Shareholders. To qualify as a RIC in any tax year, the Fund must, among other things, satisfy
both a source of income test and asset diversification tests. The Fund will qualify as a RIC if (i) at least 90% of the Fund’s
gross income for such tax year consists of dividends; interest; payments with respect to certain securities loans; gains from the sale
or other disposition of shares, securities or foreign currencies; other income (including, but not limited to, gains from options, futures
or forward contracts) derived with respect to its business of investing in such shares, securities or currencies; and net income derived
from interests in “qualified publicly-traded partnerships” (such income, “Qualifying RIC Income”); and
(ii) the Fund’s holdings are diversified so that, at the end of each quarter of such tax year, (a) at least 50% of the
value of the Fund’s total assets is represented by cash and cash equivalents, securities of other RICs, U.S. government securities
and other securities, with such other securities limited, in respect of any one issuer, to an amount not greater than 5% of the value
of the Fund’s total assets and not greater than 10% of the outstanding voting securities of such issuer and (b) not more than
25% of the value of the Fund’s total assets is invested (x) in securities (other than U.S. government securities or securities
of other RICs) of any
one
issuer or of two or more issuers that the Fund controls and that are engaged in the same, similar or related trades or businesses or (y) in
the securities of one or more “qualified publicly-traded partnerships.” The Fund’s share of income derived from a partnership
other than a “qualified publicly-traded partnership” will be treated as Qualifying RIC Income only to the extent that such
income would have constituted Qualifying RIC Income if derived directly by the Fund. A “qualified publicly-traded partnership”
is generally defined as an entity that is treated as a partnership for U.S. federal income tax purposes if (1) interests in such
entity are traded on an established securities market or are readily tradable on a secondary market or the substantial equivalent thereof
and (2) less than 90% of its gross income for the relevant tax year consists of Qualifying RIC Income. The Code provides that the
Treasury Department may by regulation exclude from Qualifying RIC Income foreign currency gains that are not directly related to the RIC’s
principal business of investing in shares or securities (or options and futures with respect to shares or securities). The Fund anticipates
that, in general, its foreign currency gains will be directly related to its principal business of investing in shares and securities.
In
addition, to maintain RIC tax treatment, the Fund must distribute on a timely basis with respect to each tax year dividends of an amount
at least equal to 90% of the sum of its “investment company taxable income” and its net tax-exempt interest income, determined
without regard to any deduction for dividends paid, to Shareholders (the “90% distribution requirement”). If the Fund qualifies
as a RIC and satisfies the 90% distribution requirement, the Fund generally will not be subject to U.S. federal income tax on its “investment
company taxable income” and net capital gains (that is, the excess of net long-term capital gains over net short-term capital losses)
that it distributes as dividends to Shareholders (including amounts that are reinvested pursuant to the DRP). In general, a RIC’s
“investment company taxable income” for any tax year is its taxable income, determined without regard to net capital gains
and with certain other adjustments. The Fund intends to distribute all or substantially all of its “investment company taxable income,”
net tax-exempt interest income (if any) and net capital gains on an annual basis. Any taxable income, including any net capital gains
that the Fund does not distribute in a timely manner, will be subject to U.S. federal income tax at regular corporate rates.
If
the Fund retains any net capital gains for reinvestment, it may elect to treat such capital gains as having been distributed to Shareholders.
If the Fund makes such an election, each Shareholder will be required to report its share of such undistributed net capital gains attributed
to the Fund as long-term capital gain and will be entitled to claim its share of the U.S. federal income taxes paid by the Fund on such
undistributed net capital gains as a credit against its own U.S. federal income tax liability, if any, and to claim a refund on a properly-filed
U.S. federal income tax return to the extent that the credit exceeds such liability. In addition, each Shareholder will be entitled to
increase the adjusted tax basis of its Shares by the difference between its share of such undistributed net capital gain and the related
credit. There can be no assurance that the Fund will make this election if it retains all or a portion of its net capital gain for a tax
year.
As
a RIC, the Fund will be, subject to a nondeductible 4% federal excise tax on certain undistributed amounts for each calendar year (the
“4% excise tax”). To avoid the 4% excise tax, the Fund must distribute in respect of each calendar year dividends of an amount
at least equal to the sum of (1) 98% of its ordinary taxable income (taking into account certain deferrals and elections) for the
calendar year, (2) 98.2% of its capital gain net income (adjusted for certain ordinary losses) generally for the one-year period
ending on October 31 of the calendar year and (3) any ordinary income and capital gains for previous calendar years that were
not distributed during those calendar years. For purposes of determining whether the Fund has met this distribution requirement,
the Fund will be deemed to have distributed any income or gains previously subject to U.S. federal income tax. Furthermore, any distribution
declared by the Fund in October, November or December of any calendar year, payable to Shareholders, of record on a specified date in
such a month and actually paid during January of the following calendar year, will be treated for tax purposes as if it had been paid
on December 31 of the calendar year in which the distribution was declared. The Fund generally intends to avoid the imposition of
the 4% excise tax, but there can be no assurance in this regard.
If
the Fund fails to qualify as a RIC or fails to satisfy the 90% distribution requirement in respect of any tax year, the Fund would be
subject to U.S. federal income tax at regular corporate rates on its taxable income, including its net capital gains, even if such income
were distributed, and all distributions out of
earnings
and profits would be taxed as ordinary dividend income. Such distributions generally would be eligible for the dividends-received deduction
in the case of certain corporate Shareholders and may be eligible to be qualified dividend income in the case of certain non-corporate
Shareholders, in each case, subject to certain holding period and other requirements. In addition, the Fund could be required to recognize
unrealized gains, pay taxes and make distributions (any of which could be subject to interest charges) before re-qualifying for taxation
as a RIC. If the Fund fails to satisfy either the income test or asset diversification test described above, in certain cases, however,
the Fund may be able to avoid losing its status as a RIC by timely providing notice of such failure to the IRS, curing such failure and
possibly paying an additional tax or penalty.
Some
of the investments that the Fund is expected to make, such as investments in debt instruments having market discount and/or treated as
issued with OID, may cause the Fund to recognize income or gain for U.S. federal income tax purposes prior to the receipt of any corresponding
cash or other property. As a result, the Fund may have difficulty meeting the 90% distribution requirement necessary to maintain RIC tax
treatment. Because this income will be included in the Fund’s investment company taxable income for the tax year it is accrued,
the Fund may be required to make a distribution to Shareholders to meet the 90% distribution requirement described above, even though
the Fund will not have received any corresponding cash or property. The Fund may be required to borrow money, dispose of other securities
or forgo new investment opportunities for this purpose.
There
may be uncertainty as to the appropriate treatment of certain of the Fund’s investments for U.S. federal income tax purposes. In
particular, the Fund expects to invest a portion of its net assets in below investment grade instruments. U.S. federal income tax rules
with respect to such instruments are not entirely clear about issues such as whether and to what extent the Fund should recognize interest,
OID or market discount, when and to what extent deductions may be taken for bad debts or worthless instruments, how payments received
on obligations in default should be allocated between principal and income and whether exchanges of debt obligations in a bankruptcy or
workout context are taxable. These and other issues will be addressed by the Fund, to the extent necessary, in connection with the Fund’s
general intention to distribute sufficient income to qualify, and maintain its qualification to be subject to tax as a RIC and to minimize
the risk that it becomes subject to U.S. federal income or excise tax.
Income
received by the Fund from sources outside the United States may be subject to withholding and other taxes imposed by such countries, thereby
reducing income available to the Fund. Tax conventions between certain countries and the United States may reduce or eliminate such taxes.
The Fund generally intends to conduct its investment activities to minimize the impact of foreign taxation, but there is no guarantee
that the Fund will be successful in this regard. If more than 50% of the value of the Fund’s total assets at the close of its tax
year consists of securities of foreign corporations, the Fund will be eligible to elect to “pass-through” to the Shareholders
the foreign source amount of income deemed earned and the respective amount of foreign taxes paid by the Fund. If the Fund so elects,
each Shareholder would be required to include in gross income, even though not actually received, each Shareholder’s pro rata
share of the foreign taxes paid or deemed paid by the Fund, but would be treated as having paid its pro rata
share of such foreign taxes and would therefore be allowed to either deduct such amount in computing taxable income or use such amount
(subject to various limitations) as a foreign tax credit against federal income tax (but not both).
The
Fund may invest in shares of foreign companies that are classified under the Code as passive foreign investment companies (“PFICs”).
In general, a foreign company is considered a PFIC if at least 50% of its assets constitute investment-type assets or 75% or more of its
gross income is investment-type income. In general under the PFIC rules, an “excess distribution” received with respect to
PFIC shares is treated as having been realized ratably over the period during which the Fund held the PFIC shares. The Fund generally
will be subject to tax on the portion, if any, of the excess distribution that is allocated to the Fund’s holding period in prior
tax years (and an interest factor will be added to the tax, as if the tax had actually been payable in such prior tax years)
even though the Fund distributes the corresponding income to Shareholders. Excess distributions include any gain from the sale of PFIC
shares as well as certain distributions from a PFIC. All excess distributions are taxable as ordinary income.
The
Fund may be eligible to elect alternative tax treatment with respect to PFIC shares. Under one such election (i.e., a “QEF”
election), the Fund generally would be required to include in its gross income its
share
of the earnings of a PFIC on a current basis, regardless of whether any distributions are received from the PFIC. If this election is
made, the special rules, discussed above, relating to the taxation of excess distributions, would not apply. Furthermore, under U.S. Treasury
Regulations, certain income derived by the Fund from a PFIC with respect to which the Fund has made a QEF election would generally constitute
qualifying income for purposes of determining the Fund’s ability to be subject to tax as a RIC to the extent the PFIC makes distributions
of that income to the Fund or if the income was derived with respect to the Fund’s business of investing. Alternatively, the Fund
may be able to elect to mark its PFIC shares to market, resulting in any unrealized gains at the Fund’s tax year end being treated
as though they were recognized and reported as ordinary income. Any mark-to-market losses and any loss from an actual disposition of the
PFIC’s Shares would be deductible as ordinary losses to the extent of any net mark-to-market gains included in income in prior tax years
with respect to shares in the same PFIC.
Because
the application of the PFIC rules may affect, among other things, the character of gains, the amount of gain or loss and the timing of
the recognition of income, gain or loss with respect to PFIC shares, as well as subject the Fund itself to tax on certain income from
PFIC shares, the amount that must be distributed to Fund Shareholders, and which will be recognized by Fund Shareholders as
ordinary income or long-term capital gain, may be increased or decreased substantially as compared to a fund that did not invest in PFIC
shares. Note that distributions from a PFIC are not eligible for the reduced rate of tax on distributions of “qualified dividend
income” as discussed below.
Some
of the CLOs in which the Fund invests may be PFICs, which are generally subject to the tax consequences described above. Investment in
certain equity interests of CLOs that are subject to treatment as PFICs for U.S. federal income tax purposes may cause the Fund to recognize
income in a tax year in excess of the Fund’s distributions from such CLOs, PFICs and the Fund’s proceeds from sales or other
dispositions of equity interests in other CLOs and other PFICs during that tax year. As a result, the Fund generally would be required
to distribute such income to satisfy the 90% distribution requirement applicable to RICs.
If
the Fund holds more than 10% of the interests treated as equity for U.S. federal income tax purposes in a foreign corporation that is
treated as a controlled foreign corporation (“CFC”), including equity tranche investments and certain debt tranche investments
in a CLO treated as a CFC, the Fund may be treated as receiving a deemed distribution (taxable as ordinary income) each tax year from
such foreign corporation of an amount equal to the Fund’s pro rata
share of the foreign corporation’s earnings for such tax year (including both ordinary earnings and capital gains), whether or not
the corporation makes an actual distribution to the Fund during such tax year. This deemed distribution is required to be included in
the income of certain U.S. shareholders of a CFC, such as the Fund, regardless of whether a U.S. shareholder has made a QEF election with
respect to such CFC. The Fund is generally required to distribute such income in order to satisfy the 90% distribution requirement applicable
to RICs, even to the extent the Fund’s income from a CFC exceeds the distributions from the CFC and the Fund’s proceeds from
the sales or other dispositions of CFC stock during that tax year. As such, the Fund may limit and/or manage its holdings in issuers that
could be treated as CFCs in order to ensure the Fund’s continued qualification as a RIC and/or maximize the Fund’s after-tax
return from these investments. In general, a foreign corporation will be treated as a CFC for U.S. federal income tax purposes if more
than 50% of the shares of the foreign corporation, measured by reference to combined voting power or value, is owned (directly, indirectly
or by attribution) by U.S. Shareholders. A “U.S. Shareholder,” for this purpose, is any U.S. person that possesses (actually
or constructively) 10% or more of the combined voting power or value of all classes of shares of a corporation.
The
functional currency of the Fund, for U.S. federal income tax purposes, is the U.S. dollar. Gains or losses attributable to fluctuations
in foreign currency exchange rates that occur between the time a Fund accrues interest income or other receivables or accrues expenses
or other liabilities denominated in a foreign currency and the time the Fund actually collects such receivables or pays such liabilities
generally are respectively characterized as ordinary income or ordinary loss for U.S. federal income tax purposes. Similarly, on the sale
of other disposition of certain investments, including debt securities, certain forward contracts, as well as other derivative financial
instruments, denominated in a foreign currency, gains or losses attributable to fluctuations in the value of foreign currency between
the date of acquisition of the security or contract and the date of disposition also are generally treated as ordinary gain or loss. These
gains
and losses, referred to under the Code as “section 988” gains and losses, may increase or decrease the amount of the Fund’s
investment company taxable income subject to distribution to Fund Shareholders as ordinary income. For example, fluctuations in exchange
rates may increase the amount of income that the Fund must distribute to qualify for tax treatment as a RIC and to prevent application
of an excise tax on undistributed income. Alternatively, fluctuations in exchange rates may decrease or eliminate income available for
distribution. If section 988 losses exceed other investment company taxable income during a tax year, the Fund would not be able to distribute
amounts considered dividends for U.S. federal income tax purposes, and any distributions during a tax year made by the Fund before such
losses were recognized would be re-characterized as a return of capital to Fund Shareholders for U.S. federal income tax purposes,
rather than as ordinary dividend income, and would reduce each Fund Shareholder’s tax basis in Fund Shares.
If
the Fund utilizes leverage through the issuance of Preferred Shares or borrowings, it will be prohibited from declaring a distribution
or dividend if it would fail the applicable asset coverage test(s) under the 1940 Act after the payment of such distribution or dividend.
In addition, certain covenants in credit facilities or indentures may impose greater restrictions on the Fund’s ability to declare
and pay dividends on Fund Shares. Limits on the Fund’s ability to pay dividends on Fund Shares may prevent the Fund from
meeting the 90% distribution requirement described above and, as a result, may affect the Fund’s ability to be subject to tax as
a RIC or subject the Fund to the 4% excise tax. The Fund endeavors to avoid restrictions on its ability to make distribution payments.
If the Fund is precluded from making distributions on Fund Shares because of any applicable asset coverage requirements, the terms
of Preferred Shares (if any) may provide that any amounts so precluded from being distributed, but required to be distributed by the Fund
to enable the Fund to satisfy the 90% distribution requirement that would enable the Fund to be subject to tax as a RIC, will be paid
to the holders of Preferred Shares as a special distribution. This distribution can be expected to decrease the amount that holders of
Preferred Shares would be entitled to receive upon redemption or liquidation of such Preferred Shares.
Certain
of the Fund’s investments are expected to be subject to special U.S. federal income tax provisions that may, among other things,
(1) disallow, suspend or otherwise limit the allowance of certain losses or deductions, (2) convert lower-taxed long-term capital
gains into higher-taxed short-term capital gains or ordinary income, (3) convert an ordinary loss or a deduction into a capital loss,
the deductibility of which is more limited, (4) adversely affect when a purchase or sale of shares or securities is deemed to occur,
(5) adversely alter the intended characterization of certain complex financial transactions, (6) cause the Fund to recognize
income or gain without a corresponding receipt of cash, (7) treat dividends that would otherwise constitute qualified dividend income
as non-qualified dividend income, (8) treat dividends that would otherwise be eligible for the corporate dividends received deduction
as ineligible for such treatment and (9) produce income that will not constitute Qualifying RIC Income. The application of these
rules could cause the Fund to be subject to U.S. federal income tax or the 4% excise tax and, under certain circumstances, could affect
the Fund’s status as a RIC. The Fund monitors its investments and may make certain tax elections to mitigate the effect of these
provisions.
Under
current tax law, conversion between share classes is generally not expected to be a taxable event to the Shareholder.
The
remainder of this discussion assumes that the Fund has qualified and maintain its qualification as a RIC and has satisfied the 90% distribution
requirement described above.
Taxation
of U.S. Shareholders
Distributions
Distributions
of the Fund’s ordinary income and net short-term capital gains will, except as described below with respect to distributions of
“qualified dividend income,” generally be taxable to Shareholders as ordinary income to the extent such distributions are
paid out of the Fund’s current or accumulated earnings and profits, as determined for U.S. federal income tax purposes. Distributions
(or deemed distributions, as described above), if any, of net capital gains will be taxable as long-term capital gains, regardless of
the length of time a Shareholder has owned Shares. The ultimate tax characterization of the Fund’s distributions made in a tax year
cannot be determined until after the end of the tax year. As a result, the
Fund
may make total distributions during a tax year in an amount that exceeds the current and accumulated earnings and profits of the Fund.
A distribution of an amount in excess of the Fund’s current and accumulated earnings and profits will be treated by a Shareholder
as a return of capital that will be applied against and reduce the Shareholder’s tax basis in its Shares. To the extent that the
amount of any such distribution exceeds the Shareholder’s tax basis in its Shares, the excess will be treated as gain from a sale
or exchange of Shares. Distributions will be treated in the manner described above regardless of whether such distributions are paid in
cash or invested in additional Shares. Generally, for U.S. federal income tax purposes, a Shareholder receiving Shares under the DRP will
be treated as having received a distribution equal to the fair market value of such Shares on the date the Shares are credited to the
Shareholder’s account.
A
return of capital to Shareholders is a return of a portion of their original investment in the Fund, thereby reducing the tax basis of
their investment. As a result from such reduction in tax basis, Shareholders may be subject to tax in connection with the sale of Fund Shares,
even if such Shares are sold at a loss relative to the Shareholder’s original investment.
It
is expected that a substantial portion of the Fund’s income will consist of ordinary income. For example, interest and OID derived
by the Fund characterized as ordinary income for U.S. federal income tax purposes. In addition, gain derived by the Fund from the disposition
of debt instruments with “market discount” (generally, securities with a fixed maturity date of more than one year
from the date of issuance acquired by the Fund at a price below the lesser of their stated redemption price at maturity or accreted value,
in the case of securities with OID) will be characterized as ordinary income for U.S. federal income tax purposes to the extent of the
market discount that has accrued, as determined for U.S. federal income tax purposes, at the time of such disposition, unless the Fund
makes an election to accrue market discount on a current basis. In addition, certain of the Fund’s investments will be subject to
other special U.S. federal income tax provisions that may affect the character, increase the amount and/or accelerate the timing of distributions
to Shareholders.
Certain
distributions reported by the Fund as Section 163(j) interest dividends may be treated as interest income by Shareholders for purposes
of the tax rules applicable to interest expense limitations under Section 163(j). Such treatment by the Shareholder is generally
subject to holding period requirements and other potential limitations, although the holding period requirements are generally not applicable
to dividends declared by money market funds and certain other funds that declare dividends daily and pay such dividends on a monthly or
more frequent basis. The amount that the Fund is eligible to report as a Section 163(j) dividend for a tax year is generally limited
to the excess of the Fund’s business interest income over the sum of the Fund’s (i) business interest expense and (ii) other
deductions properly allocable to the Fund’s business interest income.
Distributions
made by the Fund to a corporate Shareholder will qualify for the dividends-received deduction only to the extent that the distributions
consist of qualifying dividends received by the Fund. In addition, any portion of the Fund’s dividends otherwise qualifying for
the dividends-received deduction will be disallowed or reduced if the corporate Shareholder fails to satisfy certain requirements, including
a holding period requirement, with respect to its Shares. Distributions of “qualified dividend income” to an individual or
other non-corporate Shareholder will be treated as “qualified dividend income” to such Shareholder and generally will be taxed
at long-term capital gain rates, provided the Shareholder satisfies the applicable holding period and other requirements. “Qualified
dividend income” generally includes dividends from domestic corporations and dividends from foreign corporations that meet certain
specified criteria. Given the Fund’s investment strategy, it is not expected that a significant portion of the distributions made
by the Fund will be eligible for the dividends-received deduction or the reduced rates applicable to “qualified dividend income.”
If
a person acquires Shares shortly before the record date of a distribution, the price of the Shares may include the value of the distribution,
and the person will be subject to tax on the distribution even though economically it may represent a return of his, her or its investment
in such Shares.
Distributions
paid by the Fund generally will be treated as received by a Shareholder at the time the distribution is made. However, the Fund may, under
certain circumstances, elect to treat a distribution that is paid during the following tax year as if it had been paid during the tax
year in which the income or gains
supporting
the distribution was earned. If the Fund makes such an election, the Shareholder will still be treated as receiving the distribution in
the tax year in which the distribution is received. In this instance, however, any distribution declared by the Fund in October, November
or December of any calendar year, payable to Shareholders of record on a specified date in such a month and actually paid during January
of the following calendar year, will be treated for tax purposes as if it had been received by Shareholders on December 31 of the
calendar year in which the distribution was declared.
The
Fund (or if a Shareholder holds Shares through an intermediary, such intermediary) will send to its Shareholders, as promptly as possible
after the end of each calendar year, a notice detailing the U.S. federal tax status of distributions, including the amounts includible
in such Shareholder’s taxable income for such year as ordinary income and as long-term capital gain. In addition, the federal tax
status of each year’s distributions generally will be reported to the IRS, including the amount of distributions, if any, eligible
for the preferential maximum rate generally applicable to long-term capital gains. Shareholders receiving distributions in the form of
additional Shares will receive a report as to the NAV of those Shares. Distributions paid by the Fund generally will not be eligible for
the corporate dividends received deduction or the preferential tax rate applicable to Qualifying Dividends because the Fund’s income
generally will not consist of dividends.
Distributions
may also be subject to additional state, local and foreign taxes depending on a Shareholder’s particular situation.
Sale
or Exchange of Shares
The
repurchase or transfer of Shares may result in a taxable gain or loss to the tendering Shareholder. Different tax consequences may apply
for tendering and non-tendering Shareholders in connection with a repurchase offer. For example, if a Shareholder does not tender all
of his or her Shares, such repurchase may not be treated as a sale or exchange for U.S. federal income tax purposes, and may result in
deemed distributions to non-tendering Shareholders. On the other hand, Shareholders holding Shares as capital assets who tender all of
their Shares (including Shares deemed owned by Shareholders under constructive ownership rules) will be treated as having sold their Shares
and generally will recognize capital gain or loss. The amount of the gain or loss will be equal to the difference between the amount received
for the Shares and the Shareholder’s adjusted tax basis in the relevant Shares. Such gain or loss generally will be a long-term
capital gain or loss if the Shareholder has held such Shares as capital assets for more than one year. Otherwise, the gain or loss will
be treated as short-term capital gain or loss.
Losses
realized by a Shareholder on the sale or exchange of Shares held as capital assets for six months or less will be treated as long-term
capital losses to the extent of any distribution of long-term capital gains received (or deemed received, as discussed above) with respect
to such Shares. In addition, no loss will be allowed on a sale or other disposition of Shares if the Shareholder acquires (including through
reinvestment of distributions or otherwise) Shares, or enters into a contract or option to acquire Shares, within 30 days before
or after any disposition of such Shares at a loss. In such a case, the basis of the Shares acquired will be adjusted to reflect the disallowed
loss. Under current law, net capital gains recognized by non-corporate Shareholders are generally subject to U.S. federal income tax at
lower rates than the rates applicable to ordinary income.
In
general, Shareholders currently are generally subject to a maximum federal income tax rate of either 15% or 20% (depending on whether
the Shareholder’s income exceeds certain threshold amounts) on their net capital gain (i.e.,
the excess of realized net long-term capital gains over realized net short-term capital losses), including any long-term capital gain
derived from an investment in Shares. Such rate is lower than the maximum rate on ordinary income currently payable by individuals. Corporate
Shareholders currently are subject to U.S. federal income tax on net capital gain at the maximum rate also applied to ordinary income
(currently at 21%). Non-corporate Shareholders with net capital losses for a tax year (i.e.,
capital losses in excess of capital gains) generally may deduct up to $3,000 of such losses against their ordinary income each tax year.
Any net capital losses of a non-corporate Shareholder in excess of $3,000 generally may be carried forward and used in subsequent tax years
as provided in the Code. Corporate Shareholders generally may not deduct any net capital losses for a tax year, but may carry back such
losses for three tax years or carry forward such losses for five tax years.
An
additional 3.8% Medicare tax is imposed on certain net investment income (including ordinary dividends and capital gain distributions
received from the Fund and net gains from redemptions or other taxable dispositions of Shares) of U.S. individuals, estates and trusts
to the extent that such person’s “modified adjusted gross income” (in the case of an individual) or “adjusted
gross income” (in the case of an estate or trust) exceeds certain threshold amounts. U.S. persons that are individuals, estates
or trusts are urged to consult their tax advisors regarding the applicability of this tax to their income and gains in respect of their
investment in the Fund.
Under
U.S. Treasury regulations, if a Shareholder recognizes losses with respect to Shares of $2 million or more for an individual Shareholder
or $10 million or more for a corporate Shareholder, the Shareholder must file with the IRS a disclosure statement on IRS Form 8886.
Direct shareholders of portfolio securities are in many cases excepted from this reporting requirement, but under current guidance, shareholders
of a RIC are not excepted. Future guidance may extend the current exception from this reporting requirement to shareholders of most or
all RICs. The fact that a loss is reportable under these regulations does not affect the legal determination of whether the taxpayer’s
treatment of the loss is proper. Shareholders should consult their tax advisors to determine the applicability of these regulations in
light of their individual circumstances.
Reporting
of adjusted cost basis information is required for covered securities, which generally include shares of a RIC acquired after January 1,
2012, to the IRS and to taxpayers. Shareholders should contact their Financial Intermediaries with respect to reporting of cost basis
and available elections for their accounts.
Backup
Withholding and Information Reporting
Information
returns will be filed with the IRS in connection with payments on Shares and the proceeds from a sale or other disposition of Shares.
A Shareholder will be subject to backup withholding on all such payments if it fails to provide the payor with its correct taxpayer identification
number (generally, in the case of a U.S. resident Shareholder, on an IRS Form W-9) and to make required certifications or otherwise establish
an exemption from backup withholding. Corporate Shareholders and certain other Shareholders generally are exempt from backup withholding.
Backup withholding is not an additional tax. Any amounts withheld as backup withholding may be credited against the applicable Shareholder’s
U.S. federal income tax liability, provided the required information is timely furnished to the IRS.
Taxation
of Non-U.S. Shareholders
Whether
an investment in the Fund is appropriate for a non-U.S. Shareholder (as defined below) will depend upon that investor’s particular
circumstances. An investment in the Fund by a non-U.S. Shareholder may have adverse tax consequences. Non-U.S. Shareholders should consult
their tax advisors before investing in Shares.
The
U.S. federal income taxation of a Shareholder that is a nonresident alien individual, a foreign trust or estate or a foreign corporation,
as defined for U.S. federal income tax purposes (a “non-U.S. Shareholder”), depends on whether the income that the Shareholder
derives from the Fund is “effectively connected” with a U.S. trade or business carried on by the Shareholder.
If
the income that a non-U.S. Shareholder derives from the Fund is not “effectively connected” with a U.S. trade or business
carried on by such non-U.S. Shareholder, distributions of “investment company taxable income” will generally be subject to
a U.S. federal withholding tax at a rate of 30% (or a lower rate provided under an applicable treaty). Alternatively, if the income that
a non-U.S. Shareholder derives from the Fund is effectively connected with a U.S. trade or business of the non-U.S. Shareholder, the Fund
will not be required to withhold U.S. federal tax if the non-U.S. Shareholder complies with applicable certification and disclosure requirements,
although such income will be subject to U.S. federal income tax in the manner described below and at the rates applicable to U.S. residents.
Backup withholding will not, however, be applied to payments that have been subject to this 30% withholding tax applicable to non-U.S.
Shareholders.
A
non-U.S. Shareholder whose income from the Fund is not “effectively connected” with a U.S. trade or business will generally
be exempt from U.S. federal income tax on capital gains distributions, any amounts retained by the Fund that are designated as undistributed
capital gains and any gains realized
upon
the sale or exchange of Shares. If, however, such a non-U.S. Shareholder is a nonresident alien individual and is physically present in
the United States for 183 days or more during the tax year and meets certain other requirements such capital gains distributions,
undistributed capital gains and gains from the sale or exchange of Shares will be subject to a 30% U.S. tax.
Furthermore,
properly reported distributions by the Fund and received by non-U.S. Shareholders are generally exempt from U.S. federal withholding tax
when they (a) are paid by the Fund in respect of the Fund’s “qualified net interest income” (i.e.,
the Fund’s U.S. source interest income, subject to certain exceptions, reduced by expenses that are allocable to such income), or
(b) are paid by the Fund in connection with the Fund’s “qualified short-term capital gains” (generally,
the excess of the Fund’s net short-term capital gains over the Fund’s long-term capital losses for such tax year). However,
depending on the circumstances, the Fund may report all, some or none of the Fund’s potentially eligible distributions as derived
from such qualified net interest income or from such qualified short-term capital gains, and a portion of such distributions (e.g.,
derived from interest from non-U.S. sources or any foreign currency gains) would be ineligible for this potential exemption from withholding.
Moreover, in the case of Shares held through an intermediary, the intermediary may have withheld amounts even if the Fund reported all
or a portion of a distribution as exempt from U.S. federal withholding tax. To qualify for this exemption from withholding, a non-U.S.
Shareholder must comply with applicable certification requirements relating to its non-U.S. tax residency status (including, in general,
furnishing an IRS Form W-8BEN, IRS Form W-8BEN-E, IRS Form W-8ECI, IRS Form W-8IMY or IRS Form W-8EXP, or an acceptable substitute
or successor form). Thus, an investment in the Shares by a non-U.S. Shareholder may have adverse tax consequences as compared to a direct
investment in the assets in which the Fund will invest.
If
the income from the Fund is “effectively connected” with a U.S. trade or business carried on by a non-U.S. Shareholder, any
distributions of “investment company taxable income,” capital gains distributions, amounts retained by the Fund that are designated
as undistributed capital gains and any gains realized upon the sale or exchange of Shares will be subject to U.S. income tax, on a net
income basis, in the same manner, and at the graduated rates applicable to, U.S. persons. If such a non-U.S. Shareholder is a corporation,
it may also be subject to the U.S. branch profits tax.
A
non-U.S. Shareholder other than a corporation may be subject to backup withholding on net capital gains distributions that are otherwise
exempt from withholding tax or on distributions that would otherwise be taxable at a reduced treaty rate if such Shareholder does not
certify its non-U.S. status under penalties of perjury or otherwise establish an exemption.
If
the Fund distributes net capital gains in the form of deemed rather than actual distributions, a non-U.S. Shareholder will be entitled
to a U.S. federal income tax credit or tax refund equal to the Shareholder’s allocable share of the tax the Fund pays on the capital
gains deemed to have been distributed. To obtain the refund, the non-U.S. Shareholder must obtain a U.S. taxpayer identification number
and file a federal income tax return even if the non-U.S. Shareholder would not otherwise be required to obtain a U.S. taxpayer identification
number or file a federal income tax return.
Under
the Foreign Account Tax Compliance Act provisions of the Code, the Fund is required to withhold U.S. tax (at a 30% rate) on payments of
taxable dividends made to certain non-U.S. entities that fail to comply (or be deemed compliant) with extensive reporting and withholding
requirements in the Code designed to inform the U.S. Department of the Treasury of U.S.-owned foreign investment accounts. Shareholders
may be requested to provide additional information to the Fund to enable the Fund to determine whether withholding is required.
The
tax consequences to a non-U.S. Shareholder entitled to claim the benefits of an applicable tax treaty may differ from those described
herein. Non-U.S. Shareholders are advised to consult their tax advisors with respect to the particular tax consequences to them of an
investment in the Fund, including the potential application of the U.S. estate tax.
Other
Taxes
Shareholders
may be subject to state, local and non-U.S. taxes applicable to their investment in the Fund. In those states or localities, entity-level
tax treatment and the treatment of distributions made to Shareholders under those jurisdictions’ tax laws may differ from the treatment
under the Code. Accordingly, an investment in Shares may have tax consequences for Shareholders that are different from those of a direct
investment in the Fund’s portfolio investments. Shareholders are advised to consult their tax advisors with respect to the particular
tax consequences to them of an investment in the Fund.
ERISA
CONSIDERATIONS
Employee
benefit plans and other plans subject to ERISA or the Code, including corporate savings and 401(k) plans, IRAs and Keogh Plans (each,
an “ERISA Plan”) may purchase Shares. ERISA imposes certain general and specific responsibilities on persons who are fiduciaries
with respect to an ERISA Plan, including prudence, diversification, prohibited transactions and other standards. Because the Fund is registered
as an investment company under the 1940 Act, the underlying assets of the Fund will not be considered to be “plan assets”
of any ERISA Plan investing in the Fund for purposes of the fiduciary responsibility and prohibited transaction rules under Title I of
ERISA or Section 4975 of the Code. Thus, none of the Fund or the Advisors will be a fiduciary within the meaning of ERISA or Section 4975
of the Code with respect to the assets of any ERISA Plan that becomes a Shareholder, solely as a result of the ERISA Plan’s investment
in the Fund.
The
provisions of ERISA are subject to extensive and continuing administrative and judicial interpretation and review. The discussion of ERISA
contained herein is, of necessity, general and may be affected by future publication of regulations and rulings. Potential investors should
consult their legal advisers regarding the consequences under ERISA of an investment in the Fund through an ERISA Plan.
ANTI-TAKEOVER
PROVISIONS IN THE DECLARATION OF TRUST
The
Declaration of Trust includes provisions that could have the effect of limiting the ability of other entities or persons to acquire control
of the Fund or to change the composition of the Board. These provisions may have the effect of discouraging attempts to acquire control
of the Fund, which attempts could have the effect of increasing the expenses of the Fund and interfering with the normal operation of
the Fund. The Trustees are elected for indefinite terms and do not stand for reelection. A Trustee may be removed from office (i) with
cause only by a written instrument signed or adopted by two-thirds of the remaining Trustees; or (ii) without cause only by a written
instrument signed or adopted by all of the remaining Trustees. The Declaration of Trust does not contain any other specific inhibiting
provisions that would operate only with respect to an extraordinary transaction such as a merger, reorganization, tender offer, sale or
transfer of substantially all of the Fund’s asset, or liquidation. Reference should be made to the Declaration of Trust on file
with the SEC for the full text of these provisions.
PLAN
OF DISTRIBUTION
ALPS
Distributors, Inc., located at 1290 Broadway, Suite 1000, Denver, CO 80203, serves as the Fund’s principal underwriter and acts
as the Distributor of the Fund’s Shares on a best efforts basis, subject to various conditions. Class I Shares are offered
for sale through the Distributor at NAV. The Distributor also may enter into agreements with Financial Intermediaries for the sale and
servicing of the Fund’s Shares. The Fund offers on a continuous basis an unlimited number of shares of beneficial interest through
the Distributor. No arrangement has been made to place funds received in an escrow, trust or similar account. The Distributor is not required
to sell any specific number or dollar amount of the Fund’s Shares but will use its best efforts to solicit orders for the purchase
of the Shares. Shares of the Fund will not be listed on any national securities exchange and the Distributor will not act as a market
marker in Fund Shares.
The
Distributor has entered into a wholesale marketing agreement with CION Securities, a registered broker-dealer and an affiliate of CION.
Pursuant to the terms of the wholesale marketing agreement, CION Securities will seek to market and otherwise promote the Fund through
various wholesale distribution channels, including, but not limited to, regional and independent retail broker-dealers and registered
investment advisors.
The
Advisors or their affiliates, in the Advisors’ discretion and from their own resources, may pay Additional Compensation to Financial
Intermediaries in connection with the sale of Fund Shares. In return for the Additional Compensation, the Fund may receive certain
marketing advantages including access to a Financial Intermediaries’ registered representatives, placement on a list of investment
options offered by a Financial Intermediary, or the ability to assist in training and educating the Financial Intermediaries. The Additional
Compensation may differ among Financial Intermediaries in amount or in the manner of calculation: payments of Additional Compensation
may be fixed dollar amounts, or based on the aggregate value of outstanding Shares held by Shareholders introduced by the Financial Intermediary,
or determined in some other manner. The receipt of Additional Compensation by a selling Financial Intermediary may create potential conflicts
of interest between an investor and its Financial Intermediary who is recommending the Fund over other potential investments. Additionally,
the Fund pays a servicing fee to the Financial Intermediaries or financial institutions and for providing ongoing services in respect
of clients with whom it has distributed shares of the Fund. Such services may include electronic processing of client orders, electronic
fund transfers between clients and the Fund, account reconciliations with the Fund’s transfer agent, facilitation of electronic
delivery to clients of Fund documentation, monitoring client accounts for back-up withholding and any other special tax reporting obligations,
maintenance of books and records with respect to the foregoing, and such other information and ongoing liaison services as the Fund or
the Advisors may reasonably request.
The
Fund and the Advisors have agreed to indemnify the Distributor against certain liabilities, including liabilities under the 1933 Act,
or to contribute to payments the Distributor may be required to make because of any of those liabilities. Such agreement does not include
indemnification of the Distributor against liability resulting from willful misfeasance, bad faith or negligence on the part of the Distributor
in the performance of its duties or from reckless disregard by the Distributor of its obligations and duties under the Distribution Agreement.
Purchasing
Shares
Investors
may purchase Shares directly from the Fund in accordance with the instructions below. Investors will be assessed fees for returned checks
and stop payment orders at prevailing rates charged by SS&C GIDS, Inc. The returned check and stop payment fee is currently $25. Investors
may buy and sell Shares of the Fund through Financial Intermediaries. Orders will be priced at the appropriate price next computed after
it is received by a Financial Intermediary and accepted by the Fund. A Financial Intermediary may hold Shares in an omnibus account in
the Financial Intermediary’s name or the Financial Intermediary may maintain individual ownership records. The Fund may pay the
Financial Intermediary for maintaining individual ownership records as well as providing other shareholder services. Financial Intermediaries
may charge fees for the services they provide in connection with processing your transaction order or maintaining an investor’s
account with them. Investors should check with their Financial Intermediary to determine if it is subject to these arrangements. Financial
Intermediaries are responsible
for
placing orders correctly and promptly with the Fund, forwarding payment promptly. Orders transmitted with a Financial Intermediary before
the close of regular trading (generally 4:00 p.m., Eastern Time) on a day that the NYSE is open for business, will be priced based
on the Fund’s NAV next computed after it is received by the Financial Intermediary.
Investors
may purchase Shares through a broker-dealer or Financial Intermediary that may establish different minimum investment requirements than
the Fund and may also independently charge transaction fees and additional amounts (which may vary) in return for its services, which
will reduce an investor’s return. Shares purchased through a broker-dealer or Financial Intermediary will normally be held in an
investor’s account with that firm.
The
availability of sales charge waivers, discounts, and/or breakpoints may depend on the particular Financial Intermediary or type of account
through which an investor purchases or holds Shares. Investors should contact their Financial Intermediary for more information regarding
applicable sales charge waivers and discounts available to them and the Financial Intermediary’s related policies and procedures.
If
an investment is made through an IRA, Keogh plan or 401(k) plan, an approved trustee must process and forward the subscription to the
Fund. In such case, the Fund will send the confirmation and notice of its acceptance to the trustee.
By
Mail
To
make an initial purchase by mail, complete an account application and mail the application, together with a check made payable to CION
Ares Diversified Credit Fund to:
Regular
Mail:
CION Ares Diversified Credit Fund
SS&C GIDS, Inc.
P.O. Box 219422
Kansas
City, MO 64121-9422
Overnight
Mail:
Please call 1-888-729-4266 for the overnight mailing address.
All
checks must be in US Dollars drawn on a domestic bank. The Fund will not accept payment in cash or money orders. The Fund may accept cashier’s
checks in amounts greater than $10,000. To prevent check fraud, the Fund will neither accept third party checks, Treasury checks, credit
card checks, traveler’s checks or starter checks for the purchase of shares, nor post-dated checks, postdated on-line bill pay checks,
or any conditional purchase order or payment.
The
transfer agent will charge a $25 fee against an investor’s account, in addition to any loss sustained by the Fund, for any payment
that is returned. It is the policy of the Fund not to accept applications under certain circumstances or in amounts considered disadvantageous
to Shareholders. The Fund reserves the right to reject any application.
By
Wire — Initial Investment
To
make an initial investment in the Fund, the transfer agent must receive a completed account application from a Financial Intermediary
before an investor wires funds. The Financial Intermediary may mail or overnight deliver an account application to the transfer agent.
Upon receipt of the completed account application, the transfer agent will establish an account. The account number assigned will be required
as part of the instruction that should be provided to an investor’s bank to send the wire. An investor’s bank must include
both the name of the Fund, the account number, and the investor’s name so that monies can be correctly applied. If you wish to wire
money to make an investment in the Fund, please call the Fund at 800-343-3736 for wiring instructions and to notify the Fund that a wire
transfer is coming. Any commercial bank can transfer same-day funds via wire. The Fund will normally accept wired funds for investment
on the day received if they are received by the Fund’s designated bank before the close of regular trading on the NYSE. Your bank
may charge you a fee for wiring same-day funds. The bank should transmit funds by wire to:
ABA
#: 101 000 695
Credit: UMB Bank, NA
Account #: 9872291549
Further Credit:
CION Ares Diversified Credit Fund
(shareholder
registration)
(shareholder account number)
Automatic
Investment Plan — Subsequent Investments
You
may participate in the Fund’s Automatic Investment Plan, an investment plan that automatically moves money from your bank account
and invests it in the Fund through the use of electronic funds transfers or automatic bank drafts. You may elect to make subsequent investments
by transfers of a minimum of $100 on specified days of each month into your established Fund account. Please contact your registered representative/investment
advisor for more information about the Fund’s Automatic Investment Plan.
In
compliance with the USA Patriot Act of 2001, SS&C GIDS, Inc. will verify certain information on each account application as part
of the Fund’s Anti-Money Laundering Program. As requested on the application, investors must supply full name, date of birth,
social security number and permanent street address. Mailing addresses containing only a P.O. Box will not be accepted. Registered
representatives/investment advisors may call Investor Relations at 888-729-4266 for additional assistance when completing an application.
If
SS&C GIDS, Inc. does not have a reasonable belief of the identity of a customer, the account will be rejected or the customer will
not be allowed to perform a transaction on the account until such information is received. The Fund also may reserve the right to close
the account within 5 business days if clarifying information/documentation is not received.
Purchase
Terms
The
minimum initial purchase by an investor is $1,000,000. The Fund reserves the right to waive the investment minimum. The Fund may permit
a Financial Intermediary to waive the initial minimum per shareholder for Class I Shares in the following situations: broker-dealers
purchasing fund shares for clients in broker-sponsored discretionary fee-based advisory programs; Financial Intermediaries with clients
of a registered investment advisor (RIA) who have entered into an agreement to offer institutional shares through a no-load program or
investment platform; and certain other situations deemed appropriate by the Fund. The Fund’s Class I Shares are offered for
sale through its Distributor at NAV. The price of Class I Shares during the Fund’s continuous offering will fluctuate over
time with the NAV of the Shares.
Share
Class Considerations
When
selecting a share class, you should consider the following:
•
which
share classes are available to you;
•
how
much you intend to invest;
•
how
long you expect to own the shares; and
•
total
costs and expenses associated with a particular share class.
Each
investor’s financial considerations are different. You should speak with your financial advisor to help you decide which share class
is best for you. Not all Financial Intermediaries offer all classes of Shares. If your Financial Intermediary offers more than one class
of Shares, you should carefully consider which class of Shares to purchase.
Class I
Shares
Class I
Shares will be sold at the prevailing NAV per Class I Share and are not subject to any upfront sales charge. Class I Shares
are not subject to a distribution fee, shareholder servicing fees, or contingent deferred sales charge. Class I Shares may only be
available through certain Financial Intermediaries.
Because
the Class I Shares of the Fund are sold at the prevailing NAV per Class I Share without an upfront sales charge, the entire
amount of your purchase is available for investment immediately. However, for all accounts, Class I Shares require a minimum investment
of $1,000,000, while subsequent investments may be made with any amount. The Fund reserves the right to waive the investment minimum.
About
the Distributor
ALPS
Distributors, Inc., located at 1290 Broadway, Suite 1000, Denver, CO 80203, serves as distributor of the Fund’s Shares.
DISTRIBUTIONS
The
Fund intends to make a distribution each month to its Shareholders of the net investment income of the Fund after payment of Fund operating
expenses. The dividend rate may be modified by the Board from time to time. Distributions can only be made from net investment income
after paying any accrued dividends to holders of Preferred Shares.
To
the extent that any portion of the Fund’s monthly distributions are considered a return of capital to Shareholders, such portion
would not be considered dividends for U.S. federal income tax purposes, and would represent a return of the amounts that such Shareholders
invested. Although such return of capital distributions are not currently taxable to Shareholders, such distributions will have the effect
of lowering a Shareholder’s tax basis in such Shares, and could result in a higher tax liability when the Shares are sold, even
if they have not increased in value, or in fact, have lost value. The Fund’s final distribution for each tax year is expected to
include any remaining investment company taxable income and net tax-exempt income undistributed during the tax year, as well as any undistributed
net capital gain realized during the tax year. If the total distributions made in any tax year exceed investment company taxable income,
net tax-exempt income and net capital gain, such excess distributed amount would be treated as ordinary dividend income to the extent
of the Fund’s current and accumulated earnings and profits. This distribution policy, may, under certain circumstances, have adverse
consequences to the Fund and its Shareholders because it may result in a return of capital resulting in less of a Shareholder’s
assets being invested in the Fund and, over time, increase the Fund’s expense ratio. The distribution policy also may cause the
Fund to sell securities at a time it would not otherwise do so to manage the distribution of income and gain. The initial distribution
will be declared on date determined by the Board.
Each
year, a statement on Form 1099-DIV identifying the sources of the distributions (i.e.,
paid from ordinary income, paid from net capital gains on the sale of securities, and/or a return of capital, which is a nontaxable distribution)
will be furnished to Shareholders subject to IRS reporting. Fund ordinary distributions may exceed the Fund’s earnings, especially
during the period before the Fund has substantially invested the proceeds from this offering. To the extent that the Fund pays distributions
to Shareholders using proceeds it receives from Fund distributions, such distributions generally would constitute a return of investor
capital and generally will lower an investor’s tax basis in his or her Shares. A return of capital generally is a return of an investor’s
investment rather than a return of earnings or gains derived from the Fund’s investment activities. There can be no assurance that
the Fund will be able to pay distributions at a specific rate or at all.
As
discussed in the “Tax Aspects” section, to qualify for and maintain RIC tax treatment, the Fund is required to distribute
on a timely basis with respect to each tax year dividends for U.S. federal income tax purposes of an amount at least equal to the sum
of 90% of “investment company taxable income” and net tax-exempt interest income, determined without regard to any deduction
for dividends paid, for such tax year. To avoid certain excise taxes imposed on RICs, the Fund is required to distribute in respect of
each calendar year dividends of an amount at least equal to the sum of (1) 98% of ordinary income (taking into account certain deferrals
and elections) for the calendar year, (2) 98.2% of capital gain net income (adjusted for certain ordinary losses) generally for the
one-year period ending on October 31 of the calendar year and (3) any ordinary income and capital gain net income for previous calendar years
that were not distributed during such calendar years and on which the Fund paid no U.S. federal income tax. The Fund can offer no
assurance that it will achieve results that will permit the payment of any cash distributions. If the Fund issues senior securities, the
Fund will be prohibited from making distributions if doing so causes it to fail to maintain the asset coverage ratios stipulated by the
1940 Act or if distributions are limited by the terms of any of the Fund’s borrowings. Any such limitations would adversely impact
the Fund’s ability to make distributions to Shareholders.
Dividend
Reinvestment Plan
The
Fund will operate under the DRP administered by SS&C GIDS, Inc. Pursuant to the plan, the Fund’s Distributions, net of any applicable
U.S. withholding tax, are reinvested in the same class of shares of the Fund.
Shareholders
automatically participate in the DRP, unless and until an election is made to withdraw from the plan on behalf of such participating Shareholder.
A Shareholder who does not wish to have
Distributions
automatically reinvested may terminate participation in the DRP at any time by written instructions to that effect to SS&C GIDS, Inc.
Shareholders who elect not to participate in the DRP will receive all distributions in cash paid to the Shareholder of record (or, if
the shares are held in street or other nominee name, then to such nominee). Such written instructions must be received by the SS&C
GIDS, Inc. 30 days prior to the record date of the Distribution or the Shareholder will receive such Distribution in shares through
the DRP. Under the DRP, the Fund’s Distributions to Shareholders are automatically reinvested in full and fractional shares as described
below.
When
the Fund declares a Distribution, SS&C GIDS, Inc., on the Shareholder’s behalf, will receive additional authorized shares from
the Fund either newly issued or repurchased from Shareholders by the Fund and held as treasury stock. The number of shares to be received
when Distributions are reinvested will be determined by dividing the amount of the Distribution by the Fund’s NAV per share.
SS&C
GIDS, Inc. will maintain all Shareholder accounts and furnish written confirmations of all transactions in the accounts, including information
needed by Shareholders for personal and tax records. SS&C GIDS, Inc. will hold shares in the account of the Shareholders in non-certificated
form in the name of the participant, and each Shareholder’s proxy, if any, will include those shares purchased pursuant to the DRP.
Each participant, nevertheless, has the right to request certificates for whole and fractional shares owned. The Fund will issue certificates
in its sole discretion. SS&C GIDS, Inc. will distribute all proxy solicitation materials, if any, to participating Shareholders.
In
the case of Shareholders, such as banks, brokers or nominees, that hold shares for others who are beneficial owners participating under
the DRP, SS&C GIDS, Inc. will administer the DRP on the basis of the number of shares certified from time to time by the record Shareholder
as representing the total amount of shares registered in the Shareholder’s name and held for the account of beneficial owners participating
under the DRP.
Neither
SS&C GIDS, Inc. nor the Fund shall have any responsibility or liability beyond the exercise of ordinary care for any action taken
or omitted pursuant to the DRP, nor shall they have any duties, responsibilities or liabilities except such as expressly set forth herein.
Neither shall they be liable hereunder for any act done in good faith or for any good faith omissions to act, including, without limitation,
failure to terminate a participant’s account prior to receipt of written notice of his or her death or with respect to prices at
which shares are purchased or sold for the participants account and the terms on which such purchases and sales are made, subject to applicable
provisions of the federal securities laws.
The
automatic reinvestment of Dividends will not relieve participants of any federal, state or local income tax that may be payable (or required
to be withheld) on such Dividends. See “Tax Aspects.”
The
Fund reserves the right to amend or terminate the DRP. There is no direct service charge to participants with regard to purchases under
the DRP; however, the Fund reserves the right to amend the DRP to include a service charge payable by the participants.
All
correspondence concerning the DRP should be directed to SS&C GIDS, Inc. at CION Ares Diversified Credit Fund c/o SS&C GIDS,
Inc., P.O. Box 219422, Kansas City, MO 64121-9422. Certain transactions can be performed by calling the toll free number 888-729-4266.
FISCAL
YEAR; REPORTS
For
accounting purposes, the Fund’s fiscal year and tax year end on December 31. As soon as practicable after the end of each calendar
year, a statement on Form 1099-DIV identifying the sources of the distributions paid by the Fund to Shareholders for tax purposes will
be furnished to Shareholders subject to IRS reporting. In addition, the Fund will prepare and transmit to Shareholders an unaudited semi-annual
and an audited annual report within 60 days after the close of the period for which the report is being made, or as otherwise required
by the 1940 Act.
PRIVACY
NOTICE
We
are committed to maintaining the privacy of our Shareholders and to safeguarding their nonpublic personal information. The following information
is provided to help you understand what personal information we collect, how we protect that information and why, in certain cases, we
may share information with select other parties.
Generally,
we will not receive any non-public personal information about Shareholders of the common stock of the Fund, although certain of our Shareholders’
non-public information may become available to us. The non-public personal information that we may receive falls into the following categories:
•
Information
we receive from Shareholders, whether we receive it orally, in writing or electronically. This includes Shareholders’ communications
to us concerning their investment;
•
Information
about Shareholders’ transactions and history with us; or
•
Other
general information that we may obtain about Shareholders, such as demographic and contact information such as address.
We
do not disclose any non-public personal information about Shareholders, except:
•
to
our affiliates (such as our investment advisor) and their employees that have a legitimate business need for the information;
•
to
our service providers (such as our administrator, accountants, attorneys, custodians, transfer agent, underwriter and proxy solicitors)
and their employees as is necessary to service Shareholder accounts or otherwise provide the applicable service;
•
to
comply with court orders, subpoenas, lawful discovery requests, or other legal or regulatory requirements; or
•
as
allowed or required by applicable law or regulation.
When
the Fund shares non-public Shareholder personal information referred to above, the information is made available for limited business
purposes and under controlled circumstances designed to protect our Shareholders’ privacy. The Fund does not permit use of Shareholder
information for any non-business or marketing purpose, nor does the Fund permit third parties to rent, sell, trade or otherwise release
or disclose information to any other party.
The
Fund’s service providers, such as their advisor, administrator, and transfer agent, are required to maintain physical, electronic,
and procedural safeguards to protect Shareholder nonpublic personal information; to prevent unauthorized access or use; and to dispose
of such information when it is no longer required.
Personnel
of affiliates may access Shareholder information only for business purposes. The degree of access is based on the sensitivity of the information
and on personnel need for the information to service a Shareholder’s account or comply with legal requirements.
If
a Shareholder ceases to be a Shareholder, we will adhere to the privacy policies and practices as described above. We may choose to modify
our privacy policies at any time. Before we do so, we will notify Shareholders and provide a description of our privacy policy.
In
the event of a corporate change in control resulting from, for example, a sale to, or merger with, another entity, or in the event of
a sale of assets, we reserve the right to transfer your non-public personal information to the new party in control or the party acquiring
assets.
INQUIRIES
Inquiries
concerning the Fund and the Shares should be directed to:
CION
Ares Management, LLC
Investor Services
100 Grossman Drive, Suite 301
Braintree, MA 02184
888-729-4266
Investors
should rely only on the information contained in this prospectus. No dealer, salesperson or other individual has been authorized to give
any information or to make any representations that are not contained in this prospectus. If any such information or statements are given
or made, investors should not rely upon such information or representations. This prospectus does not constitute an offer to sell any
securities other than those to which this prospectus relates, or an offer to sell to, or a solicitation of an offer to buy from, any person
in any jurisdiction where such an offer or solicitation would be unlawful. This prospectus speaks as of the date set forth below. Investors
should not assume that the delivery of this prospectus or that any sale made pursuant to this prospectus implies that the information
contained in this prospectus will remain fully accurate and correct as of any time subsequent to the date of this prospectus.
CION
ARES DIVERSIFIED CREDIT FUND
COMMON
SHARES OF BENEFICIAL INTEREST
CLASS I SHARES (CADUX)
PROSPECTUS
April
28, 2023
PROSPECTUS
April 28,
2023
CION
ARES DIVERSIFIED CREDIT FUND
COMMON SHARES OF BENEFICIAL INTEREST
CLASS L SHARES (CADWX)
$2,500 MINIMUM PURCHASE FOR REGULAR
ACCOUNTS
$1,000 MINIMUM PURCHASE FOR RETIREMENT PLAN ACCOUNTS
CION
Ares Diversified Credit Fund (the “Fund”) is a Delaware statutory trust that is registered under the Investment Company Act
of 1940, as amended (the “1940 Act”), as a diversified, closed-end management investment company.
Investment
Objective. The Fund’s investment objective is to provide superior risk-adjusted
returns across various market cycles by investing in a diversified portfolio of liquid and illiquid asset classes. The Fund seeks to capitalize
on market inefficiencies and relative value opportunities throughout the entire global credit spectrum. There can be no assurance that
the Fund will achieve its investment objective.
Interval
Fund. The Fund is designed primarily for long-term investors and not as a
trading vehicle. The Fund is an “interval fund” (defined below) pursuant to which it, subject to applicable law, will
conduct quarterly repurchase offers for between 5% and 25% of the Fund’s outstanding common shares of beneficial interest (“Shares”)
at net asset value (“NAV”). In connection with any given repurchase offer, it is expected that the Fund will offer to repurchase
only the minimum amount of 5% of its outstanding Shares. It is also possible that a repurchase offer may be oversubscribed, with the result
that holders of Shares (“Shareholders”) may only be able to have a portion of their Shares repurchased. The Fund does not
currently intend to list its Shares for trading on any national securities exchange. The Shares are, therefore, not readily marketable.
Even though the Fund will make quarterly repurchase offers to repurchase a portion of the Shares to try to provide liquidity to Shareholders,
you should consider the Shares to be illiquid.
Principal
Investment Strategies. The Fund will invest primarily in a portfolio of directly
originated loans, secured floating and fixed rate syndicated loans, corporate bonds, asset-backed securities, commercial real estate loans
and other types of credit instruments, which, under normal circumstances, will represent at least 80% of the Fund’s Managed Assets
(as defined in this prospectus). For purposes of this policy, “credit instruments” may include commercial real estate mezzanine
loans, real estate mortgages, distressed securities, notes, bills, debentures, bank loans, convertible and preferred securities, government
and municipal obligations. The Fund may also invest in foreign instruments and illiquid and restricted securities. Most
of the credit instruments in which the Fund invests will be rated below investment grade by rating agencies or would be rated below investment
grade if they were rated. Credit instruments that are rated below investment grade (commonly referred to as “high yield” securities
or “junk bonds”) are regarded as having predominantly speculative characteristics with respect to the issuer’s capacity
to pay interest and repay principal. Because of the risks associated with investing in high yield securities, an investment in the Fund
should be considered speculative. Some of the credit instruments will have no credit rating at all.
Unlisted
Closed-End Fund. An investment in the Fund is subject to,
among others, the following risks:
•
There
is not expected to be any secondary trading market in the Shares.
•
Unlike
an investor in most closed-end funds, Shareholders should not expect to be able to sell their Shares regardless of how the Fund performs.
An investment in the Fund is considered illiquid.
•
If
a Shareholder is able to sell its Shares outside the quarterly repurchase process, the Shareholder likely will receive less than their
purchase price and the then current NAV per Share.
•
An
investor may pay a sales load of up to 4.25% for Class L Shares.
•
Unlike
most closed-end funds, the Shares are not listed on any securities exchange. The Fund intends to provide liquidity through quarterly offers
to repurchase a limited amount of the Fund’s Shares (at least 5%).
•
There
is no assurance that monthly distributions paid by the Fund will be maintained at the targeted level or that dividends will be paid at
all.
•
The
Fund’s distributions may be funded from unlimited amounts of offering proceeds or borrowings, which may constitute a return of capital
and reduce the amount of capital available to the Fund for investment. Any capital returned to Shareholders through distributions will
be distributed after payment of fees and expenses.
•
A
return of capital to Shareholders is a return of a portion of their original investment in the Fund, thereby reducing the tax basis of
their investment. As a result from such reduction in tax basis, Shareholders may be subject to tax in connection with the sale of Fund Shares,
even if such Shares are sold at a loss relative to the Shareholder’s original investment.
•
The
Fund’s distributions may result from expense reimbursements from CION Ares Management, LLC (“CAM” or the “Advisor”),
which are subject to repayment by the Fund. Shareholders should understand that any such distributions are not based on the Fund’s
investment performance and can only be sustained if the Fund achieves positive investment performance in future periods and/or CAM continues
to make such expense reimbursements. Shareholders should also understand that the Fund’s future repayments will reduce the distributions
that a Shareholder would otherwise receive.
•
The
Fund currently employs leverage through senior secured revolving credit facilities and its outstanding Mandatory Redeemable Preferred
Shares (“MRP Shares” and, together with any other preferred shares the Fund may have outstanding, “Preferred Shares”).
The Fund intends to continue to utilize leverage and may utilize leverage to the maximum extent permitted by law for investment and other
general corporate purposes. See “Types of Investments and Related Risks — Structured Products Risks — Leverage
Risk.”
Investing
in Shares involves a high degree of risk. See “Types of Investments and Related Risks” beginning on page 34
of this prospectus.
The
date of this prospectus is April 28, 2023.
|
|
|
Per
Class L Share(1) |
|
|
Total(1) |
|
Public Offering
Price |
|
|
Current NAV, plus
sales load |
|
|
Unlimited |
|
Sales Load(1) |
|
|
4.25% |
|
|
Up
to 4.25% |
|
Proceeds to
Fund Before Expenses(2) |
|
|
$ amount invested at
current NAV |
|
|
Unlimited |
|
(1)
Generally,
the stated minimum initial investment by an investor in the Fund is $2,500, which stated minimum may be reduced for certain investors.
Investors purchasing Class L Shares may be charged a sales load of up to 4.25% of the Investor’s subscription, which includes
up to 3.50% of the price per Share for sales commissions and up to 0.75% of the price per Share for dealer manager fees. The table assumes
the maximum sales load is charged. The Fund is offering on a continuous basis an unlimited number of Shares.
(2)
Pursuant
to an expense support and conditional reimbursement agreement, dated as of December 6, 2016, as amended and restated (the “Expense
Support and Conditional Reimbursement Agreement”), between the Fund and the Advisor, the Fund will be obligated to reimburse the
Advisor for any such payments. See “Fund Expenses.”
Structure. The
Fund does not currently intend to list its Shares for trading on any securities exchange and does not expect any secondary market to develop
for its Shares. Shareholders of the Fund are not able to have their Shares redeemed or otherwise sell their Shares on a daily basis because
the Fund is an unlisted closed-end fund. To provide some liquidity to Shareholders, the Fund is structured as an “interval fund”
and conducts periodic repurchase offers for a portion of its outstanding Shares, as described below. An investment in the Fund is suitable
only for long-term investors who can bear the risks associated with the limited liquidity of the Shares.
Investment
Advisor and Sub-Advisor. The investment advisor to the Fund is CAM, a joint
venture between affiliates of Ares Management Corporation (“Ares”) and CION Investment Group, LLC (“CION”), that
is registered as an investment advisor with the U.S. Securities and Exchange Commission (the “SEC”) under the Investment Advisers
Act of 1940, as amended (the “Advisers Act”). The investment sub-advisor to the Fund is Ares Capital Management II LLC (“Ares
Capital” or the “Sub-Advisor” and collectively with the Advisor, the “Advisors”), an investment advisor
registered with the SEC under the Advisers Act. CAM oversees the management of the Fund’s activities and is responsible for making
investment decisions for the Fund’s portfolio with recommendations and support from Ares Capital.
Securities
Offered. The Fund is offering on a continuous basis an unlimited number of
common shares of beneficial interest. Class L Shares are offered by this prospectus. The Fund offers Class A Shares, Class C
Shares, Class I Shares, Class U Shares, Class U-2 Shares and Class W Shares through different prospectuses. The maximum
sales load is 4.25% of the amount invested for Class L Shares. The minimum initial investment by a Shareholder for Class L is
$2,500 for regular accounts and $1,000 for retirement plan accounts; subsequent investments may be made with at least $100 for regular
accounts and $50 for retirement plan accounts. The Fund reserves the right to waive investment minimums. Shares are being offered through
ALPS Distributors, Inc. (the “Distributor”) at an offering price equal to the Fund’s then current NAV per Share, plus
the applicable sales load.
This
prospectus concisely provides the information that a prospective investor should know about the Fund before investing. Investors are advised
to read this prospectus carefully and to retain it for future reference. Additional information about the Fund, including a statement
of additional information, dated April 28, 2023 (the “Statement of Additional Information”), has been filed with the
SEC and is incorporated by reference in its entirety into this prospectus. The Statement of Additional Information and the Fund’s
annual and semi-annual reports and other information filed with the SEC, can be obtained upon request and without charge by writing to
the Fund at CION Securities, LLC, 100 Park Avenue, 25th
Floor, New York, NY 10017 or by calling toll-free 888-729-4266, and investors may also request such information or make Shareholder inquiries
by calling 888-729-4266 or by visiting www.cioninvestments.com.
In addition, the contact information provided above may be used to request additional information about the Fund and to make Shareholder
inquiries. The Statement of Additional Information, other material incorporated by reference into this prospectus and other information
about the Fund is also available on the SEC’s website at http://www.sec.gov.
The address of the SEC’s website is provided solely for the information of prospective investors and is not intended to be an active
link.
The
Fund and the Advisors have obtained exemptive relief to, among other things, (i) designate multiple classes of Shares; and (ii) impose
class specific annual asset-based distribution fees on the assets of the various classes of Shares to be used to pay for expenses incurred
in fostering the distribution of the Shares of the particular class.
Shares
are not deposits or obligations of, and are not guaranteed or endorsed by, any bank or other insured depository institution, and Shares
are not insured by the Federal Deposit Insurance Corporation, the Board of Governors of the Federal Reserve System or any other government
agency.
Neither
the SEC nor any state securities commission has approved or disapproved these securities or determined if this prospectus is truthful
or complete. Any representation to the contrary is a criminal offense.
TABLE
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SUMMARY
OF TERMS
This
is only a summary and does not contain all of the information that a prospective investor should consider before investing in the Fund.
Before investing, a prospective investor in the Fund should carefully read the more detailed information appearing elsewhere in this prospectus
and the Statement of Additional Information.
The
Fund is a Delaware statutory trust that is registered under the 1940 Act as a diversified, closed-end management investment company. The
Fund is operated as an “interval fund” (as defined below).
CAM
serves as the Fund’s investment advisor. CAM is registered as an investment advisor with the SEC under the Advisers Act.
CAM
is a joint venture between affiliates of Ares and CION and is controlled by Ares.
Ares
Capital serves as the Fund’s investment sub-advisor. Ares Capital is registered as an investment advisor with the SEC under the
Advisers Act.
CAM
and Ares Capital are collectively referred to as the Advisors. CAM oversees the management of the Fund’s activities and is responsible
for making investment decisions for the Fund’s portfolio with recommendations and support from Ares Capital.
The
Fund’s investment objective is to provide superior risk-adjusted returns across various market cycles by investing in a diversified
portfolio of liquid and illiquid asset classes. The Fund seeks to capitalize on market inefficiencies and relative value opportunities
throughout the entire global credit spectrum. There can be no assurance that the Fund will achieve its investment objective.
INVESTMENT
OPPORTUNITIES
AND STRATEGIES
The
Fund will invest primarily in a portfolio of directly originated loans, secured floating and fixed rate syndicated loans, corporate bonds,
asset-backed securities, commercial real estate loans and other types of credit instruments, which, under normal circumstances, will represent
at least 80% of the Fund’s Managed Assets. For purposes of this policy, “credit instruments” may include commercial
real estate mezzanine loans, real estate mortgages, distressed securities, notes, bills, debentures, bank loans, convertible and preferred
securities, government and municipal obligations. The Fund may also invest in foreign instruments and illiquid and restricted securities.
“Managed Assets” means the total assets of the Fund (including any assets attributable to any Preferred Shares or to indebtedness)
minus the Fund’s liabilities other than liabilities relating to indebtedness.
Opportunistic,
Flexible, Untethered Credit Investments Strategy. The Advisors employ an opportunistic,
flexible and untethered global credit investments strategy based on absolute and relative value considerations, as well as analysis
of
the credit markets. The Advisors seek risk-adjusted returns over full market cycles by creating and managing a diversified portfolio across
multiple industry sectors and geographic regions. The Advisors systematically allocate capital across multiple segments of the global
fixed-income markets, including U.S. and non-U.S. credit instruments. It is anticipated that most of the Fund’s investments will
be rated below investment grade or would be rated below investment grade if they were rated. Non-investment grade fixed income securities,
also known as “junk bonds”, are considered speculative. Some of the credit instruments will have no credit rating at all.
The Fund is untethered to benchmark-specific guidelines, thereby providing the Advisors with significant latitude to invest where they
see opportunities and to reduce exposure to areas where they see less value or heightened downside risks.
Relative
Value Focus. A primary driver of the Fund’s investment strategy is a
relative value focus whereby the Advisors seek to identify market dislocations caused by, among other factors, (i) significant corporate
transactional events, such as spinoffs, mergers and acquisitions, industry consolidations, liquidations, reorganizations, bankruptcies,
recapitalizations and share buybacks and other extraordinary corporate transactions; (ii) market inefficiencies resulting from the
misunderstanding by the broader investment community of a particular company or industry, which misunderstanding results in the income
of such investment reflecting a higher risk premium or the market price of such investment reflecting a lower value than is deemed warranted
by the Advisors; (iii) companies experiencing financial stress resulting in a mispricing of their securities either because such
securities pay higher income due to perceived risk or trade at a significant discount to fair value whereby the underlying asset values
limit downside risk and offer meaningful upside potential; and (iv) sell-offs in one or more of the relevant credit markets.
Access
to Ares Transaction Flow. The Advisors intend to benefit from the market presence,
scale, infrastructure and demonstrated investment experience of Ares to gain access to transaction flow and a broad set of investment
opportunities across the non-investment grade credit spectrum. Unlike many other alternative investment managers, Ares operates in a fully
integrated manner and encourages frequent collaboration among its investment professionals. This unique approach allows Ares to draw from
the collective market insight, industry expertise, contacts and experience of its over 880 investment professionals around the world.
The
Fund intends to focus on what the Advisors believe are the broader Ares platform’s most attractive investment ideas from a risk-adjusted
return standpoint in order to achieve its investment objective. The Advisors intend to be opportunistic. As such, the Advisors have the
flexibility to
invest
where they see opportunities, based on their extensive credit research expertise and analysis of the relevant credit markets, in a variety
of credit instruments with varying yield and risk profiles.
Active
Monitoring and Investing, with Bottom-Up and Top-Down Credit Analysis by Deep and Experienced Team. The
Advisors will actively construct and manage a portfolio of credit investments and, as necessary, periodically rebalance the Fund’s
allocation of assets among different types of credit investments utilizing the Advisors’ strategies to seek to optimize the Fund’s
allocation to achieve the Fund’s investment objective under the market conditions existing at such time.
With
respect to each investment opportunity, the Advisors intend to take a bottom-up and top-down approach to their credit analysis that will
focus on each individual investment as well as global macroeconomic factors and the industry in which the subject entity operates. The
Advisors’ investment process will be rigorous, proactive and continuous, and will emphasize team management. Close monitoring of
each investment in the portfolio provides the basis for making buy, sell and hold decisions. In managing the Fund’s portfolio, the
Advisors will utilize their and the broader Ares platform’s deep and experienced teams of credit specialists to analyze investments
and engage in regular and periodic monitoring of credit risk with a goal toward the early identification, and sale, of credit instruments
and other investments with potential credit problems. This monitoring process may include reviewing (i) an issuer’s financial
resources and operating history; (ii) a comparison of an issuer’s current operating results with the Advisors’ initial
investment thesis for the investment and initial expectations for the performance of the obligation; (iii) an issuer’s sensitivity
to economic conditions; (iv) the performance of an issuer’s management; (v) an issuer’s debt maturities and borrowing
requirements; (vi) an issuer’s interest and asset coverage; and (vii) the relative value of an investment based on an
issuer’s anticipated cash flow or where other comparable assets are trading in the market.
The
Fund’s portfolio will consist of some combination of the following types of investments:
Direct
Lending. The Fund may invest in first lien senior secured loans (including
“unitranche” loans, which are loans that combine both senior and mezzanine debt, generally in a first lien position), second
lien senior secured loans and mezzanine debt, which in some cases includes an equity component, of U.S. and European middle-market companies,
where the Advisors believe the supply of primary capital is limited and the investment opportunities are most attractive. These investments
are typically made to companies with annual EBITDA between $10 million and
$250 million.
As used herein, EBITDA represents net income before net interest expense, income tax expense, depreciation and amortization.
Syndicated
Corporate Loans. Senior, secured corporate loans (“Syndicated Loans”)
generally benefit from liens on collateral, are rated below-investment grade and typically pay interest at rates that are determined periodically
on the basis of a floating base lending rate, primarily the London-Interbank Offered Rate (“LIBOR”), the Secured Overnight
Financing Rate (“SOFR”), or another reference rate, plus a spread. Syndicated Loans are typically made to U.S. and, to a lesser
extent, non-U.S. corporations, partnerships, limited liability companies and other business entities (together with issuers of Corporate
Bonds (as defined below) and other debt securities, (“Borrowers”) which operate in various industries and geographical regions.
Borrowers may obtain Syndicated Loans, among other reasons, to refinance existing debt, engage in acquisitions, pay dividends, recapitalize,
complete leveraged buyouts and for general corporate purposes. Syndicated Loans rated below investment grade are sometimes referred to
as “leveraged loans”. The Fund may invest in Syndicated Loans through assignments of or, to a lesser extent, participations
in Syndicated Loans. The Fund may utilize various types of derivative instruments (“Derivatives”), including total return
swaps for the purpose of gaining exposure to Syndicated Loans.
Corporate
Bonds. An issuer of high-yield corporate bonds (“Corporate Bonds”)
typically pays the investor a fixed rate of interest and must repay the amount borrowed on or before maturity. The investment return of
Corporate Bonds reflects interest on the security and changes in the market value of the security. The market value of a Corporate Bond
generally may be expected to rise and fall inversely with interest rates. The value of intermediate- and longer-term Corporate Bonds normally
fluctuates more in response to changes in interest rates than does the value of shorter-term Corporate Bonds. The market value of a Corporate
Bond also may be affected by investors’ perceptions of the creditworthiness of the issuer, the issuer’s performance and perceptions
of the issuer in the market place. There is a risk that the issuers of Corporate Bonds may not be able to meet their obligations on interest
or principal payments at the time called for by an instrument. The Fund may utilize various types of Derivatives, including swaps, for
the purpose of gaining exposure to Corporate Bonds.
Structured
Credit. The Fund may invest in asset-backed opportunities across broad sectors
such as consumer and commercial specialty finance and corporate credit. The Fund will target investment opportunities that are directly
originated and privately negotiated that may include (i) financings secured by pools of consumer loans, commercial loans or real
estate assets; (ii) the outright
purchase
of pools of consumer loans, commercial loans or real estate assets; and (iii) debt and equity investments in U.S.-dollar-denominated
collateralized loan obligations (“CLOs”) that are primarily backed by corporate leveraged loans issued to primarily U.S. obligors
(“U.S. CLOs”), as well as Euro-denominated CLOs that are backed primarily by corporate leveraged loans issued to primarily
European obligors (“European CLOs”). The investments in the “equity” of structured credit products (including
CLOs) refers to the junior-most or residual debt tranche of such structured credit products (i.e.,
the tranche whose rights to payment are not senior to any other tranche, which does not typically receive a credit rating and is typically
not secured (and is also typically referred to as subordinated notes, income notes, preferred shares or preferred securities, or, more
generally, as “equity”)) (the “Residual Tranche”).
The
CLO equity tranches (or other similar junior tranches) and privately issued asset-backed securities in which the Fund invests may be highly
leveraged, which magnifies the Fund’s risk of loss on such investments.
Stressed
Investments. The Fund may invest in Syndicated Loans and Corporate Bonds and
other obligations of companies, referred to herein as “Stressed Issuers,” that may be in some level of financial or business
distress, including companies involved in, or that have recently completed, bankruptcy or other reorganization and liquidation proceedings.
These investments may include (i) corporate debt instruments relating to stressed and distressed industries or issuers; (ii) rescue-capital
opportunities; (iii) public and private stock issued in connection with restructurings and reorganizations or otherwise (“post-reorganization
securities”); and (iv) other opportunistic investments resulting from periods of market dislocation.
Commercial
Real Estate Loans.
Senior
Mortgage Loans: These mortgage loans are typically secured by first liens on commercial properties, including the following
property types: office, multifamily, retail, industrial, hospitality and mixed-use. In some cases, first lien mortgages may be divided
into an A-Note and a B-Note. The A-Note is typically a privately negotiated loan that is secured by a first mortgage on a commercial property
or group of related properties that is senior to a B-Note secured by the same first mortgage property or group.
Subordinated
Debt: These loans may include structurally subordinated first mortgage loans and junior participations in first mortgage
loans or participations in these types of assets. As noted above, a B-Note is typically a privately negotiated loan that is secured by
a first mortgage on a commercial property or group of related properties and is subordinated to an
A-Note
secured by the same first mortgage property or group. The subordination of a B-Note or junior participation typically is evidenced by
participations or intercreditor agreements with other holders of interests in the note. B-Notes are subject to more credit risk with respect
to the underlying mortgage collateral than the corresponding A-Note.
Preferred
Equity: Real estate preferred equity investments are subordinate to first mortgage loans and are not collateralized by
the property underlying the investment. As a holder of preferred equity, the Fund seeks to enhance its position with covenants that limit
the activities of the entity in which the Fund has an interest and protect the Fund’s equity by obtaining an exclusive right to
control the underlying property after an event of default, should such a default occur on the Fund’s investment.
Mezzanine
Loans: Like B-Notes, these loans are also subordinated, but are usually secured by a pledge of the borrower’s equity
ownership in the entity that owns the property or by a second lien mortgage on the property. In a liquidation, these loans are generally
junior to any mortgage liens on the underlying property, but senior to any preferred equity or common equity interests in the entity that
owns the property. Investor rights are usually governed by intercreditor agreements.
Other
Investment Strategies. The Fund may also invest in commercial real estate mezzanine
loans, real estate mortgages, distressed securities, notes, bills, debentures, bank loans, convertible and preferred securities, government
and municipal obligations and other credit instruments with similar economic characteristics. In addition, from time to time, the Fund
may invest in or hold common stock and other equity securities incidental to the purchase or ownership of a Syndicated Loan or Corporate
Bond or in connection with a reorganization of a borrower. The Fund may engage in short sales. The Fund may also use Derivatives to gain
investment exposure to credit instruments, to provide downside protection and to dampen volatility. Derivatives may allow the Fund to
increase or decrease the level of risk to which the Fund is exposed more quickly and efficiently than transactions in other types of instruments.
The Fund may invest in securities of other investment companies, including ETFs, to the extent that these investments are consistent with
the Fund’s investment objective, strategies and policies and permissible under the 1940 Act or any applicable exemption therefrom.
The Fund may invest in other investment companies to gain broad market or sector exposure, including during periods when it has large
amounts of uninvested cash or when the Advisors believe share prices of other investment companies offer attractive values.
Other
Characteristics
Below
Investment Grade Credit Instruments. Most of the credit instruments in which
the Fund may invest will be rated below investment grade (also known as “junk bonds”). Securities rated below investment grade
are those that, at the time of investment, are rated Ba1 or lower by Moody’s Investors Service, Inc. (“Moody’s”),
or BB+ or lower by Standard & Poor’s Corporation Ratings Group (“S&P”) or Fitch Ratings, Inc. (“Fitch”),
or if unrated are determined by the Advisors to be of comparable quality. Below investment grade securities often are regarded as having
predominately speculative characteristics with respect to an issuer’s capacity to pay interest and repay principal. In addition,
lower quality debt securities tend to be more sensitive to general economic conditions. Although many of the Fund’s investments
may consist of securities rated below investment grade, the Fund reserves the right to invest in credit instruments of any credit quality,
maturity and duration.
Foreign
Instruments. The Fund may make investments in non-U.S. entities, including
issuers in emerging markets. Emerging market countries are countries that major international financial institutions, such as the World
Bank, generally consider to be less economically mature than developed nations, such as the United States or most nations in Western Europe.
Emerging market countries can include every nation in the world except the United States, Canada, Japan, Australia, New Zealand, most
countries located in Western Europe and certain other countries. The Fund expects that its investment in non-U.S. issuers will be made
primarily in U.S. dollar denominated securities, but it reserves the right to purchase securities that are foreign currency denominated.
Some non-U.S. securities may be less liquid and more volatile than securities of comparable U.S. issuers.
Illiquid
and Restricted Securities. The Fund may invest in instruments that, at the
time of investment, are illiquid (generally, those securities that cannot be disposed of within seven days in the ordinary course of business
at approximately the value at which the Fund has valued the securities). Although the Fund may invest in such instruments without limitation,
pursuant to the requirements of the 1940 Act, the Board of Trustees (the “Board”) has adopted, and the Fund follows, procedures
designed to ensure that the Fund maintains sufficient liquidity to meet its periodic repurchase obligations as an interval fund. The Fund
may also invest, without limit, in securities that are unregistered (but are eligible for purchase and sale by certain qualified institutional
buyers) or are held by control persons of the issuer and securities that are subject to contractual restrictions on their resale.
The
Fund may invest its cash balances in money market instruments, U.S. government securities, commercial paper,
certificates
of deposit, repurchase agreements and other high-quality debt instruments maturing in one year or less, among other instruments. In addition,
and in response to adverse market, economic or political conditions, the Fund may invest in high-quality fixed income securities, money
market instruments and money market funds or may hold significant positions in cash or cash equivalents for defensive purposes.
MANAGEMENT
AND INCENTIVE FEES
Pursuant
to the investment advisory agreement, dated as of December 6, 2016 (the “Investment Advisory Agreement”), by and between
the Fund and the Advisor, and in consideration of the advisory services provided by the Advisor to the Fund, the Advisor is entitled to
a fee consisting of two components — a base management fee (the “Management Fee”) and an incentive fee (the
“Incentive Fee”). The Investment Advisory Agreement was most recently amended and restated as of May 22, 2020. Pursuant
to the investment sub-advisory agreement, dated as of December 6, 2016 (the “Investment Sub-Advisory Agreement”), by
and between the Advisors and the Fund, the Advisor pays the Sub-Advisor 40% of the Management Fee and Incentive Fee actually received
and retained and not otherwise used to support expenses.
The
Management Fee is calculated and payable monthly at the annual rate of 1.25% of the average daily value of the Fund’s Managed Assets.
The
Incentive Fee is calculated and payable quarterly in arrears based upon “pre-incentive fee net investment income” attributable
to each class of the Fund’s Shares for the immediately preceding fiscal quarter, and is subject to a hurdle rate, expressed as a
rate of return based on each class’s average daily net asset value (calculated in accordance with GAAP), equal to 1.50% per quarter
(or an annualized hurdle rate of 6.00%), subject to a “catch-up” feature. For this purpose, “pre-incentive fee net investment
income” means interest income, dividend income and any other income accrued during the fiscal quarter, minus each class’s
operating expenses for the quarter and the distribution and/or shareholder servicing fees (if any) applicable to each class accrued during
the fiscal quarter. For such purposes, the Fund’s operating expenses will include the Management Fee, expenses reimbursed to CAM
under the administration agreement, dated as of December 6, 2016 (the “CAM Administration Agreement”), by and between
the Fund and CAM, and any interest expense and distributions paid on any issued and outstanding Preferred Shares, but will exclude the
Incentive Fee.
The
“catch-up” provision is intended to provide the Advisor with an incentive fee of 15% on each class’s pre-incentive fee
net investment income when that class’s pre-incentive fee net investment income reaches 1.765% of the class’s average daily
net asset value (calculated in accordance with GAAP) in any fiscal quarter.
The
Advisors are obligated to pay expenses associated with providing the investment services stated in the Investment Advisory Agreement and
Investment Sub-Advisory Agreement, including compensation of and office space for their officers and employees connected with investment
and economic research, trading and investment management of the Fund.
The
Board, including a majority of the members of the Board (each, a “Trustee”) that are considered independent and are not “interested
persons” (as defined in Section 2(a)(19) of the 1940 Act) of the Fund or the Advisors (collectively, the “Independent
Trustees”), oversees and monitors the Fund’s investment performance and will periodically review the Investment Advisory Agreement
and Investment Sub-Advisory Agreement to determine, among other things, whether the fees payable under such agreements are reasonable
in light of the services provided.
The
Advisor and the Fund have entered into the Expense Support and Conditional Reimbursement Agreement under which the Advisor may voluntarily
determine to reimburse the Fund’s operating expenses to the extent that it deems appropriate in order to ensure that the Fund bears
an appropriate level of expenses. The Expense Support and Conditional Reimbursement Agreement may be renewed for additional one-year terms
by the mutual agreement of the Advisor and the Fund.
The
Fund has agreed to repay the Advisor in the amount of any Fund expenses reimbursed under the Expense Support and Conditional Reimbursement
Agreement (including any organizational, offering, or operating costs reimbursed under the original and first amended and restated expense
support and conditional reimbursement agreements (collectively, the “Expense Support and Conditional Reimbursement Agreements”))
(each such payment, an “Expense Payment”), subject to the limitation that a reimbursement (an “Advisor Reimbursement”)
will be made only if and to the extent that (i) it is payable not more than three years from the last business day of the calendar
quarter in which the applicable Expense Payment was made by the Advisor; (ii) the Advisor Reimbursement does not cause Other Fund Operating
Expenses (as defined herein) (on an annualized basis and net of any reimbursements received by the Fund during such fiscal year) during
the applicable quarter to exceed the percentage of the Fund’s average net assets attributable to Class L Shares represented
by Other Fund Operating Expenses (on an annualized basis) during the quarter in
which
the applicable Expense Payment from the Advisor was made; and (iii) the distributions per share declared by the Fund for the applicable
class at the time of the applicable Expense Payment are less than the effective rate of distributions per share for such class at the
time the Advisor Reimbursement would be paid. See “Fund Expenses — Expense Support and Conditional Reimbursement
Agreement” for additional information. The Expense Support and Conditional Reimbursement Agreement will remain in effect at least
until July 31, 2023, unless and until the Board approves its modification or termination. This agreement may be terminated only by
the Board on notice to the Advisor. See “Fund Expenses.”
Class L
Shares will pay to the Distributor a distribution fee (the “Distribution Fee”) that will accrue at an annual rate equal to
0.25% of the Fund’s average daily net assets attributable to Class L Shares and is payable on a quarterly basis. See “Plan
of Distribution.”
Pursuant
to the CAM Administration Agreement, CAM furnishes the Fund with office equipment and clerical, bookkeeping and record keeping services
at the Fund’s office facilities. Under the CAM Administration Agreement, the Fund is obligated to reimburse CAM, at cost, based
upon the Fund’s allocable portion of CAM’s overhead and other expenses (including travel expenses) incurred by CAM in performing
its obligations under the CAM Administration Agreement, including the Fund’s allocable portion of the compensation of certain of
its officers (including but not limited to the chief compliance officer, chief financial officer, chief accounting officer, general counsel,
treasurer and assistant treasurer) and their respective staffs. The CAM Administration Agreement may be terminated by either party without
penalty upon 60 days’ written notice to the other party.
Pursuant
to the administration agreement between ALPS Fund Services, Inc. (“ALPS Fund Services”) and the Fund (the “ALPS
Administration Agreement”), ALPS Fund Services performs, or administers the performance of, certain of the Fund’s required
administrative services, which include, among other things, providing administrative assistance in accounting, legal, compliance, and
operations, preparing the financial records that the Fund is required to maintain and preparing reports to the Fund’s Shareholders
and reports filed with the SEC. In addition, ALPS Fund Services coordinates the preparation and filing of the Fund’s tax returns
and generally coordinates the payment of the Fund’s expenses and the performance of administrative and professional services rendered
to the Fund.
It
is also understood and agreed that if persons associated with the Advisors or any of their affiliates, including persons who are officers
of the Fund, provide accounting, legal, clerical or administrative services to the Fund at the request of the Fund, the Fund will reimburse
the Advisors and their
affiliates
for their costs in providing such accounting, legal, clerical or administrative services to the Fund (which costs may include an allocation
of overhead including rent and the allocable portion of the salaries and benefits of the relevant persons and their respective staffs,
including travel expenses), using a methodology for determining costs approved by the Board. Nothing contained herein shall be construed
to restrict the Fund’s right to hire its own employees or to contract for services to be performed by third parties.
The
Fund’s distribution policy is to make monthly distributions to Shareholders. Distributions can only be made from net investment
income after paying any accrued dividends to holders of Preferred Shares. See “Distributions.”
The
Board reserves the right to change the distribution policy from time to time.
DIVIDEND
REINVESTMENT
PLAN
The
Fund operates under a dividend reinvestment plan (“DRP”) administered by SS&C Global Investor & Distribution Solutions,
Inc. (“SS&C GIDS, Inc.”). Pursuant to the plan, the Fund’s income dividends or capital gains or other distributions
(each, a “Distribution” and collectively, “Distributions”), net of any applicable U.S. withholding tax, are reinvested
in the same class of shares of the Fund.
Shareholders
automatically participate in the DRP, unless and until an election is made to withdraw from the plan on behalf of such participating Shareholder.
A Shareholder who does not wish to have Distributions automatically reinvested may terminate participation in the Plan at any time by
written instructions to that effect to SS&C GIDS, Inc. Shareholders who elect not to participate in the DRP will receive all distributions
in cash paid to the Shareholder of record (or, if the shares are held in street or other nominee name, then to such nominee). Such written
instructions must be received by SS&C GIDS, Inc. 30 days prior to the record date of the Distribution or the Shareholder will
receive such Distribution in shares through the DRP. Under the DRP, the Fund’s Distributions to Shareholders are reinvested in full
and fractional shares. See “Distributions — Dividend Reinvestment Plan.”
The
Board has overall responsibility for monitoring and overseeing the Fund’s management and operations. A majority of the Trustees
are Independent Trustees. See “Management of the Fund.”
The
Fund’s Shares are offered on a daily basis. Please see “Plan of Distribution” on page 102 for purchase instructions
and additional information.
The
minimum initial investment for Class L is $2,500 for regular accounts and $1,000 for retirement plan accounts; subsequent investments
may be made with at least $100 for regular accounts and $50 for retirement plan accounts,
except
for purchases made pursuant to the Fund’s DRP or as otherwise permitted by the Fund. The Fund reserves the right to waive investment
minimums. See “Distributions — Dividend Reinvestment Plan.”
Investors
eligible to purchase Class I Shares may convert Class L Shares to Class I Shares. Class L Shares will automatically
convert into Class I Shares if the total sales charge would otherwise exceed the limits of Financial Industry Regulatory Authority
(“FINRA”) Rule 2341. See “Plan of Distribution” on page 102.
ALPS
Distributors, Inc., located at 1290 Broadway, Suite 1000, Denver, CO 80203, serves as the Fund’s principal underwriter and acts
as the Distributor of the Fund’s Shares on a best efforts basis, subject to various conditions. The Fund’s Shares are offered
for sale through the Distributor at NAV plus the applicable sales load. The Distributor also may enter into broker-dealer selling agreements
with other broker dealers for the sale and distribution of the Fund’s Shares.
The
Distributor is not required to sell any specific number or dollar amount of the Fund’s Shares but will use its best efforts to solicit
orders for the sale of the Shares. Shares of the Fund will not be listed on any national securities exchange and the Distributor will
not act as a market maker in Fund Shares.
The
Distributor has entered into a wholesale marketing agreement with CION Securities, LLC (“CION Securities”), a registered broker-dealer
and an affiliate of CION. Pursuant to the terms of the wholesale marketing agreement, CION Securities will seek to market and otherwise
promote the Fund through various wholesale distribution channels, including, but not limited to, regional and independent retail broker-dealers
and registered investment advisors.
CION
Securities has also entered into a dealer manager agreement with the Fund pursuant to which CION Securities has agreed to provide certain
marketing and wholesale services in consideration of its receipt of the dealer manager fee.
The
Advisors or their affiliates, in the Advisors’ discretion and from their own resources, may pay additional compensation to financial
intermediaries and their agents that have made arrangements with the Fund and are authorized to buy and sell shares of the Fund (collectively,
“Financial Intermediaries”) in connection with the sale of Fund Shares (the “Additional Compensation”). In
return for the Additional Compensation, the Fund may receive certain marketing advantages including access to a broker’s or dealer’s
registered representatives, placement on a list of investment options offered by a broker or dealer, or the ability to assist in training
and educating the broker’s or dealer’s registered representatives. The Additional Compensation may differ among brokers or
dealers in
amount
or in the amount of calculation. Payments of Additional Compensation may be fixed dollar amounts or, based on the aggregate value of outstanding
Shares held by Shareholders introduced by the broker or dealer, or determined in some other manner. The receipt of Additional Compensation
by a selling broker or dealer may create potential conflicts of interest between an investor and its broker or dealer who is recommending
the fund over other potential investments.
ERISA
PLANS AND OTHER
TAX-EXEMPT ENTITIES
Investors
subject to the Employee Retirement Income Security Act of 1974, as amended (“ERISA”), and other tax-exempt entities, including
employee benefit plans, individual retirement accounts (“IRAs”), 401(k) plans and Keogh plans, may purchase Shares. Because
the Fund is registered as an investment company under the 1940 Act, the underlying assets of the Fund will not be considered to be “plan
assets” of the ERISA plans investing in the Fund for purposes of ERISA’s fiduciary responsibility and prohibited transaction
rules. Thus, none of the Fund or the Advisors will be a fiduciary within the meaning of ERISA with respect to the assets of any ERISA
plan that becomes a Shareholder, solely as a result of the ERISA plan’s investment in the Fund. See “ERISA Considerations.”
UNLISTED
CLOSED-END INTERVAL FUND STRUCTURE
The
Fund has been organized as a continuously offered, diversified closed-end management investment company. Closed-end funds differ from
open-end funds (commonly known as mutual funds) in that investors in closed-end funds do not have the right to redeem their shares on
a daily basis. Unlike most closed-end funds, which typically list their shares on a securities exchange, the Fund does not currently intend
to list the Shares for trading on any securities exchange, and the Fund does not expect any secondary market to develop for the Shares
in the foreseeable future. Therefore, an investment in the Fund, unlike an investment in a typical closed-end fund, is not a liquid investment.
To provide some liquidity to Shareholders, the Fund will be structured as an “interval fund” and conduct quarterly repurchase
offers for a limited amount of the Fund’s Shares (at least 5%).
The
Fund believes that an unlisted closed-end structure is most appropriate for the long-term nature of the Fund’s strategy. With event-driven
strategies or similar types of investments, the ability to hold positions — through all manner of market environments — until
the occurrence of the anticipated event or catalyst that unlocks value is crucial. Features that interfere with this ability (such as
daily redemptions permitted by open-end funds that can require the premature sale of investments) could impair the Fund’s ability
to execute its investment strategy. Accordingly, an unlisted closed-end structure helps the Fund achieve its investment objective. The
Fund’s NAV per Share may be
volatile.
As the Shares are not traded, investors will not be able to dispose of their investment in the Fund no matter how poorly the Fund performs.
Because exchange-traded closed-end funds also do not redeem Shares, they also could execute the Fund’s buy-and-hold strategy. Because
an exchange-traded closed-end fund’s shares can trade at a discount to NAV, they may present a more attractive opportunity to investors.
The
Fund currently offers seven different classes of Shares: Class A, Class C, Class I, Class L, Class U, Class U-2
and Class W Shares. The Fund began continuously offering its Shares on January 3, 2017. As of July 11, 2017, the Fund simultaneously
redesignated its issued and outstanding Shares as Class A Shares and created its Class C, Class I and Class L Shares.
As of December 4, 2018, the Fund created its Class U and Class W Shares. As of March 31, 2020, the Fund created its
Class U-2 Shares. An investment in any Share class of the Fund represents an investment in the same assets of the Fund. However,
the purchase restrictions and ongoing fees and expenses for each Share class are different. The fees and expenses for the Fund are set
forth in “Summary of Fees and Expenses.” If you have hired an intermediary and are eligible to invest in more than one class
of Shares, the intermediary may help determine which Share class is appropriate for you. When selecting a Share class, you should consider
which Share classes are available to you, how much you intend to invest, how long you expect to own Shares, and the total costs and expenses
associated with a particular Share class. The Fund offers Class A Shares, Class C Shares, Class I Shares, Class U
Shares, Class U-2 Shares and Class W Shares through different prospectuses. Investors eligible to purchase Class I Shares
may convert Class L Shares to Class I Shares. See “Plan of Distribution.”
Each
investor’s financial considerations are different. You should speak with your financial advisor to help you decide which Share class
is best for you. Not all Financial Intermediaries offer all classes of Shares. If your Financial Intermediary offers more than one class
of Shares, you should carefully consider which class of Shares to purchase.
The
Board has designated the Advisor as the Fund’s valuation designee for purposes of Rule 2a-5 under the 1940 Act. The Advisor
is responsible for the valuation of the Fund’s portfolio investments for which market quotations are not readily available, as determined
in good faith pursuant to the Advisor’s valuation policy and consistently applied valuation process. Pursuant to the portfolio valuation
process set forth in the Advisor’s valuation policy, the Advisor utilizes independent third-party pricing services and independent
third-party valuation services. Portfolio securities and other assets for which market quotes are readily available are valued at market
value. In circumstances where market quotes are not readily available, the Advisor has adopted methods for determining the fair value
of such
securities
and other assets. The Fund utilizes the Fund’s NAV per Fund Share, as determined by the Fund in accordance with the methodology
described in the Advisor’s valuation policy, in determining the Fund’s NAV per Share. Valuations of Fund investments are disclosed
in reports publicly filed with the SEC.
The
Advisor will provide the Board with periodic reports, no less than quarterly, that discuss the functioning of the valuation process, if
applicable to that period, and that identify issues and valuation problems that have arisen, if any. See “Determination of Net Asset
Value.”
The
Shares have no history of public trading, nor is it intended that the Shares will be listed on a public exchange at this time. No secondary
market is expected to develop for the Fund’s Shares.
The
Fund is an “interval fund,” a type of fund which, to provide some liquidity to Shareholders, makes quarterly offers to repurchase
between 5% and 25% of its outstanding Shares at NAV, pursuant to Rule 23c-3 under the 1940 Act, unless such offer is suspended or
postponed in accordance with regulatory requirements (as discussed below). In connection with any given repurchase offer, it is expected
the Fund will offer to repurchase only the minimum amount of 5% of its outstanding Shares. Quarterly repurchases occur in the months
of March, June, September and December. The offer to purchase Shares is a fundamental policy that may not be changed without the vote
of the holders of a majority of the Fund’s outstanding voting securities (as defined in the 1940 Act). Written notification of each
quarterly repurchase offer (the “Repurchase Offer Notice”) is sent to Shareholders at least 21 calendar days before the repurchase
request deadline (i.e., the date
by which Shareholders can tender their Shares in response to a repurchase offer) (the “Repurchase Request Deadline”). The
Fund expects to determine the NAV applicable to repurchases on the Repurchase Request Deadline. However, the NAV will be calculated no
later than the 14th calendar day (or the next business day if the 14th calendar day is not a business day) after the Repurchase Request
Deadline (the “Repurchase Pricing Date”). The Fund expects to distribute payment to Shareholders between one and three business
days after the Repurchase Pricing Date and will distribute such payment no later than seven calendar days after such Date. The Fund’s
Shares are not listed on any securities exchange, and the Fund anticipates that no secondary market will develop for its Shares. Accordingly,
you may not be able to sell Shares when and/or in the amount that you desire. Thus, the Shares are appropriate only as a long-term investment.
In addition, the Fund’s repurchase offers may subject the Fund and Shareholders to special risks. See “Types of Investments
and Related Risks — Repurchase Offers Risks.”
The
Fund has elected to be treated for U.S. federal income tax purposes, and intends to qualify annually, as a regulated investment company
(“RIC”) under Subchapter M of the Internal Revenue Code of 1986, as amended (the “Code”). As a RIC, the Fund generally
will not be subject to corporate-level U.S. federal income taxes on any net ordinary income or capital gains that is currently distributed
as dividends for U.S. federal income tax purposes to Shareholders, as applicable. To qualify and maintain its qualification as a RIC for
U.S. federal income tax purposes, the Fund is required to meet certain specified source-of-income and asset diversification requirements
and is required to distribute dividends for U.S. federal income tax purposes of an amount at least equal to 90% of the sum of its net
ordinary income and realized net short-term capital gains in excess of realized net long-term capital losses each tax year to Shareholders,
as applicable. See “Distributions” and “Tax Aspects.”
For
accounting purposes, the Fund’s fiscal year is the 12-month period ending on December 31.
As
soon as practicable after the end of each calendar year, a statement on Form 1099-DIV identifying the sources of the distributions paid
by the Fund to Shareholders for tax purposes will be furnished to Shareholders subject to Internal Revenue Service (“IRS”)
reporting. In addition, the Fund will prepare and transmit to Shareholders an unaudited semi-annual and an audited annual report within
60 days after the close of the period for which the report is being made, or as otherwise required by the 1940 Act.
Investing
in the Fund involves risks, including the risk that a Shareholder may receive little or no return on their investment or that a Shareholder
may lose part or all of their investment. Below is a summary of some of the principal risks of investing in the Fund. For a more complete
discussion of the risks of investing in the Fund, see “Types of Investments and Related Risks.” Shareholders should consider
carefully the following principal risks before investing in the Fund:
•
Unlike
most closed-end funds, the Fund’s Shares will not be listed on any securities exchange;
•
Although
the Fund intends to implement a quarterly share repurchase program, there is no guarantee that an investor will be able to sell all of
the Shares that the investor desires to sell. The Fund should therefore be considered to offer limited liquidity;
•
The
capital markets may experience periods of disruption and instability. Such market conditions may materially and adversely affect debt
and equity capital markets, which may have a negative impact on the Fund’s business and operations;
•
If
a Shareholder is able to sell its Shares, the Shareholder likely will receive less than its purchase price and the then current NAV per
Share;
•
The
Fund’s distributions may be funded from offering proceeds or borrowings, which may constitute a return of capital and reduce the
amount of capital available to the Fund for investment. Any capital returned to Shareholders through distributions will be distributed
after payment of fees and expenses, as well as the sales load;
•
A
return of capital to Shareholders is a return of a portion of their original investment in the Fund, thereby reducing the tax basis of
their investment. As a result from such reduction in tax basis, Shareholders may be subject to tax in connection with the sale of Fund Shares,
even if such Shares are sold at a loss relative to the Shareholder’s original investment;
•
The
Fund’s investments in securities and other obligations of companies that are experiencing distress involve a substantial degree
of risk, require a high level of analytical sophistication for successful investment, and require active monitoring;
•
Below
investment grade instruments (also known as “junk bonds”) have predominantly speculative characteristics and may be particularly
susceptible to economic downturns, which could cause losses;
•
Certain
investments may be exposed to the credit risk of the counterparties with whom the Fund deals;
•
The
valuation of securities or instruments that lack a central trading place (such as fixed-income securities or instruments) may carry greater
risk than those that trade on an exchange;
•
It
is expected that most of the securities and instruments held by the Fund will not trade on an exchange;
•
The
value of convertible securities may be adversely affected by changes in interest rates, as well as the market price and volatility of
the underlying security;
•
Derivative
investments have risks, including the imperfect correlation between the value of such instruments and the underlying assets of the Fund;
•
The
Fund may be materially adversely affected by market, economic and political conditions, public health emergencies (e.g. the coronavirus
outbreak, epidemics and other pandemics), wars and supply chain disruptions, globally and in the jurisdictions and sectors in which the
Fund invests;
•
Non-U.S.
securities may be traded in undeveloped, inefficient and less liquid markets and may experience greater price volatility and changes in
value;
•
Changes
in foreign currency exchange rates may adversely affect the U.S. dollar value of and returns on foreign denominated investments;
•
Credit
intermediation involving entities and activities outside the regular banking system (i.e.,
the “shadow banking system” in Europe) could result in increased regulatory and operating costs, which could adversely affect
the implementation of the Fund’s investment strategies, income and returns;
•
U.S.
and global markets recently have experienced increased volatility and inflation;
•
Legal
and regulatory changes could occur, which may materially adversely affect the Fund;
•
The
Fund is a diversified, closed-end investment company;
•
The
Fund’s ability to grow depends on its ability to raise capital;
•
The
Fund may borrow money, including through the use of Preferred Shares, which magnifies the potential for gain or loss on amounts invested,
subjects the Fund to certain covenants with which it must comply and may increase the risk of investing with the Fund;
•
The
Fund operates in a highly competitive market for investment opportunities;
•
The
Fund is exposed to risks associated with changes in interest rates;
•
The
Fund’s financial condition and results of operations could be negatively affected if a significant investment fails to perform as
expected;
•
There
are significant and potential conflicts of interest that could impact the Fund’s investment returns;
•
To
qualify and remain eligible for the special tax treatment accorded to RICs and their shareholders under the Code, the Fund must meet certain
source-of-income, asset diversification and annual distribution requirements, and failure to do so could result in the loss of RIC status.
Accordingly,
the Fund should be considered a speculative investment that entails substantial risks, and a prospective investor should invest in the
Fund only if they can sustain a complete loss of their investment.
SUMMARY
OF FEES AND EXPENSES
The
following table illustrates the aggregate fees and expenses that the Fund expects to incur and that Shareholders can expect to bear directly
or indirectly.
SHAREHOLDER
TRANSACTION EXPENSES |
|
|
L
Share |
|
Maximum
sales load imposed on purchases(1)
|
|
|
|
|
4.25 |
% |
|
Maximum
contingent deferred sales charge |
|
|
|
|
None |
|
|
ANNUAL
FUND EXPENSES(2) |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
(
as
a percentage of projected average net assets attributable to Shares)
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Management
fee(3) |
|
|
|
|
1.79 |
% |
|
Incentive
fee(4) |
|
|
|
|
1.14 |
% |
|
Interest
payments on borrowed funds(5)
|
|
|
|
|
1.84 |
% |
|
Other
expenses(6) |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Shareholder
servicing fee(7)
|
|
|
|
|
0.25 |
% |
|
Distribution
fee(8) |
|
|
|
|
0.25 |
% |
|
Remaining
other expenses |
|
|
|
|
0.54 |
% |
|
Total
annual fund expenses |
|
|
|
|
5.81 |
% |
|
(1)
Investors
purchasing Class L Shares may be charged a sales load of up to 4.25% of the investor’s subscription. The table assumes the
maximum sales load is charged. The Distributor may, in its discretion, waive all or a portion of the sales load for certain investors.
See “Plan of Distribution.”
(2)
This
table assumes that the Fund borrows money for investment purposes at an average amount of 42.60% of its net assets (the actual average
amount of its borrowings, including outstanding Preferred Shares, during the twelve-month period ended March 31, 2023).
(3)
The
Management Fee paid by the Fund is calculated at the annual rate of 1.25% of the average daily value of the Fund’s Managed Assets
which includes assets purchased with borrowed money. The table above assumes that the Fund borrows money for investment purposes at an
average amount of 42.60% of its net assets (the actual average amount of its borrowings, including outstanding Preferred Shares, during
the twelve-month period ended March 31, 2023). The Management Fee estimate in the table is greater than 1.25% since it is computed
as a percentage of the Fund’s net assets for presentation therein. In addition, if the Fund’s leverage exceeds this 42.60%
borrowings-to-net assets ratio through additional borrowings (including the issuance of additional Preferred Shares), then the Management
Fee in relation to its net assets would be higher than the estimate presented in the table.
(4)
The
Fund anticipates that it may have interest income that could result in the payment of an Incentive Fee to the Advisor during certain periods.
However, the Incentive Fee is based on the Fund’s performance and will not be paid unless the Fund achieves certain performance
targets. The Fund expects the Incentive Fee the Fund pays to increase to the extent the Fund earns greater interest income through its
investments. The Incentive Fee is calculated and payable quarterly in arrears based upon “pre-incentive fee net investment income”
attributable to each class of the Fund’s Shares for the immediately preceding fiscal quarter, and is subject to a hurdle rate, expressed
as a rate of return on each class’s average daily net asset value (calculated in accordance with GAAP), equal to 1.50% per quarter,
or an annualized hurdle rate of 6.00%, subject to a “catch-up” feature. The amount presented in this table reflects the Incentive
Fee incurred as a percent of average net assets for the twelve-month period ended March 31, 2023. See “Management and
Incentive Fees” for a full explanation of how the Incentive Fee is calculated.
(5)
The
amount shown in the table above is based on the assumption that the Fund borrows money for investment purposes at an average amount of
42.60% of its net assets (the actual average amount of its borrowings, including outstanding Preferred Shares, during the twelve-month
period ended March 31, 2023), at an estimated annual interest rate cost to the Fund of 4.34%, which is the weighted average
interest
rate cost during the twelve-month period ended March 31, 2023, including dividends payable on the Fund’s MRP Shares, which,
in the aggregate, have an average interest rate of 2.98% per annum as of March 31, 2023. The actual amount of interest expense borne
by the Fund will vary over time in accordance with the level of the Fund’s use of borrowings and/or Preferred Shares and variations
in market interest rates. See “Investment Objective, Opportunities and Strategies — Leverage.”
(6)
Other
expenses include accounting, legal and auditing fees of the Fund, and offering costs, as well as the reimbursement of the compensation
of administrative personnel and fees payable to the Independent Trustees. The amount presented in the table is estimated for the twelve-month
period beginning April 1, 2023 based on amounts incurred in the twelve-month period ended March 31, 2023.
(7)
Class L
Shares may charge a shareholder servicing fee of up to 0.25% per year. The Fund may use this fee to compensate Financial Intermediaries
or financial institutions for providing ongoing services in respect of clients with whom they have distributed Shares of the Fund. Such
services may include electronic processing of client orders, electronic fund transfers between clients and the Fund, account reconciliations
with the Fund’s transfer agent, facilitation of electronic delivery to clients of Fund documentation, monitoring client accounts
for back-up withholding and any other special tax reporting obligations, maintenance of books and records with respect to the foregoing,
and such other information and liaison services as the Fund or CAM may reasonably request.
(8)
Class L
Shares will pay to the Distributor a Distribution Fee that will accrue at an annual rate equal to 0.25% of the average daily net assets
attributable to Class L Shares and is payable on a quarterly basis. See “Plan of Distribution.”
Example:
The
following example demonstrates the projected dollar amount of total expenses that would be incurred over various periods with respect
to a hypothetical investment in Shares. In calculating the following expense amounts, the Fund has assumed its direct and indirect annual
operating expenses would remain at the percentage levels set forth in the table above and do not include any expense support from
the Advisor.
An
investor would pay the following expenses on a $1,000 investment, assuming a 5.0% annual return:
Share
Class |
|
|
1
Year |
|
|
3
Years |
|
|
5
Years |
|
|
10
Years |
|
Class L
|
|
|
|
$ |
98 |
|
|
|
|
$ |
207 |
|
|
|
|
$ |
315 |
|
|
|
|
$ |
577 |
|
|
The
example and the expenses in the tables above should not be considered a representation of the Fund’s future expenses, and actual
expenses may be greater or less than those shown. While the example assumes a 5.0% annual return,
as required by the SEC, the Fund’s performance will vary and may result in a return greater or less than 5.0%. For a more complete
description of the various fees and expenses borne directly and indirectly by the Fund, see “Fund Expenses” and “Management
and Incentive Fees.”
FINANCIAL
HIGHLIGHTS
The
financial highlights table is intended to help you understand the Fund’s financial performance. The information for the fiscal years
and/or periods ended 2022, 2021, 2020, 2019 and 2018 has been derived from the Fund’s financial statements, which have been audited
by Ernst & Young LLP, an independent registered public accounting firm, whose report, along with this information and additional Fund
performance and portfolio information, appears in the Fund’s Annual Report dated December 31, 2022. To request the Fund’s
Annual Report, please call 888-729-4266. The table below sets forth financial data for one Class L Share throughout the periods presented.
CION
Ares Diversified Credit Fund
Financial Highlights
(in thousands,
except per share data, percentages and as otherwise noted)
|
|
|
For the Year
Ended December 31, 2022 |
|
|
For the Year
Ended December 31, 2021 |
|
|
For the Year
Ended December 31, 2020 |
|
|
For the Period
Ended December 31, 2019* |
|
|
For the Year
Ended October 31, 2019 |
|
|
For the Period
from November 2, 2017 (commencement of operations) to October 31, 2018 |
|
Class L |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Per
share data: |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Net
asset value, beginning of period |
|
|
|
$ |
25.85 |
|
|
|
|
$ |
25.14 |
|
|
|
|
$ |
25.92 |
|
|
|
|
$ |
25.44 |
|
|
|
|
$ |
25.80 |
|
|
|
|
$ |
25.23 |
|
|
Income
from investment operations: |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Net investment
income(a) |
|
|
|
|
1.63 |
|
|
|
|
|
1.54 |
|
|
|
|
|
1.44 |
|
|
|
|
|
0.19 |
|
|
|
|
|
1.39 |
|
|
|
|
|
1.52 |
|
|
Net
realized and unrealized gains (losses) |
|
|
|
|
(2.11) |
|
|
|
|
|
0.56 |
|
|
|
|
|
(0.82) |
|
|
|
|
|
0.52 |
|
|
|
|
|
(0.36) |
|
|
|
|
|
0.43 |
|
|
Total
income (loss) from investment operations |
|
|
|
|
(0.48) |
|
|
|
|
|
2.10 |
|
|
|
|
|
0.62 |
|
|
|
|
|
0.71 |
|
|
|
|
|
1.03 |
|
|
|
|
|
1.95 |
|
|
Less
distributions declared to shareholders: |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
From net investment
income |
|
|
|
|
(1.44) |
|
|
|
|
|
(1.39) |
|
|
|
|
|
(1.40) |
|
|
|
|
|
(0.23) |
|
|
|
|
|
(1.39) |
|
|
|
|
|
(1.38) |
|
|
Total distributions
|
|
|
|
|
(1.44) |
|
|
|
|
|
(1.39) |
|
|
|
|
|
(1.40) |
|
|
|
|
|
(0.23) |
|
|
|
|
|
(1.39) |
|
|
|
|
|
(1.38) |
|
|
Net asset value,
end of period |
|
|
|
$ |
23.93 |
|
|
|
|
$ |
25.85 |
|
|
|
|
$ |
25.14 |
|
|
|
|
$ |
25.92 |
|
|
|
|
$ |
25.44 |
|
|
|
|
$ |
25.80 |
|
|
Total
return, excluding expense support(b)
|
|
|
|
|
(1.92)% |
|
|
|
|
|
8.69% |
|
|
|
|
|
3.27% |
|
|
|
|
|
2.82%(c)
|
|
|
|
|
|
4.32% |
|
|
|
|
|
(2.69)%(c)
|
|
|
Total
return, including expense support(d)
|
|
|
|
|
(1.92)% |
|
|
|
|
|
8.58% |
|
|
|
|
|
2.85% |
|
|
|
|
|
2.82%(c)
|
|
|
|
|
|
4.10% |
|
|
|
|
|
7.96%(c)
|
|
|
Ratios
to average net assets/ supplemental data: |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Net assets,
end of period |
|
|
|
$ |
10,537 |
|
|
|
|
$ |
9,845 |
|
|
|
|
$ |
7,364 |
|
|
|
|
$ |
6,325 |
|
|
|
|
$ |
5,536 |
|
|
|
|
$ |
1,933 |
|
|
Including
interest expense: |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Expenses,
excluding expense support(e)(h)
|
|
|
|
|
5.12%(i)
|
|
|
|
|
|
3.40%(i)
|
|
|
|
|
|
3.82% |
|
|
|
|
|
4.24%(f)
|
|
|
|
|
|
4.38% |
|
|
|
|
|
6.23%(f)
|
|
|
Expenses,
including expense support(e)(g)(h)
|
|
|
|
|
5.12%(i)
|
|
|
|
|
|
3.51%(i)
|
|
|
|
|
|
4.24% |
|
|
|
|
|
4.24%(f)
|
|
|
|
|
|
4.60% |
|
|
|
|
|
0.34%(f)
|
|
|
Excluding
interest expense: |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Expenses,
excluding expense support(h)
|
|
|
|
|
3.59% |
|
|
|
|
|
2.75% |
|
|
|
|
|
3.27% |
|
|
|
|
|
3.56%(f)
|
|
|
|
|
|
3.67% |
|
|
|
|
|
6.21%(f)
|
|
|
Expenses,
including expense support(g)(h)
|
|
|
|
|
3.59% |
|
|
|
|
|
2.86% |
|
|
|
|
|
3.69% |
|
|
|
|
|
3.56%(f)
|
|
|
|
|
|
3.89% |
|
|
|
|
|
0.32%(f)
|
|
|
Net investment
income(e) |
|
|
|
|
6.56% |
|
|
|
|
|
6.05% |
|
|
|
|
|
6.04% |
|
|
|
|
|
4.47%(f)
|
|
|
|
|
|
5.35% |
|
|
|
|
|
5.19%(f)
|
|
|
Portfolio turnover
rate |
|
|
|
|
38.16% |
|
|
|
|
|
43.72% |
|
|
|
|
|
59.77% |
|
|
|
|
|
5.42%(c)
|
|
|
|
|
|
63.58% |
|
|
|
|
|
28.36%(c) |
|
|
*
For
the two month period ended December 31, 2019.
(a)
Per
share net investment income has been calculated using the average shares outstanding during the period.
(b)
Based
on net asset value per share. Distributions, if any, are assumed for purposes of this calculation to be reinvested at prices obtained
under the Fund’s Dividend Reinvestment Plan. Total Return is not annualized for periods less than one year. Total return excludes
expense support provided or recouped by the Advisor.
(c)
Not
annualized.
(d)
Based
on net asset value per share. Distributions, if any, are assumed for purposes of this calculation to be reinvested at prices obtained
under the Fund’s Dividend Reinvestment Plan. Total Return is not annualized for periods less than one year. Total return includes
expense support provided or (recouped) by the Advisor.
(e)
Includes
organizational and offering costs.
(f)
Annualized,
except for certain non-recurring costs.
(g)
Includes
expense support provided or recouped by the Advisor.
(h)
For
the year ended December 31, 2022, the ratio of operating expenses to average net assets consisted of 1.78% of base management fees,
0.75% of incentive fee, 1.53% of the cost of borrowing and 1.06% of other operating expenses. For the year ended December 31, 2021,
the ratio of operating expenses to average net assets consisted of 1.58% of base management fees, 0.05% of incentive fees, 0.65% of the
cost of borrowing, 0.11% of net expense support and 1.12% of other operating expenses. For the year ended December 31, 2020, the
ratio of operating expenses to average net assets consisted of 1.58% of base management fees, 0.02% of incentive fees, 0.55% of the cost
of borrowing, 0.42% of net expense support and 1.68% of other operating expenses. For the period ended December 31, 2019, the ratio
of operating expenses to average net assets consisted of 1.56% of base management fees, 0.68% of the cost of borrowing, 0.00% of net expense
support and 2.01% of other operating expenses. For the year ended October 31, 2019, the ratio of operating expenses to average net
assets consisted of 1.49% of base management fees, 0.72% of the cost of borrowing, 0.21% of net expense support and 2.18% of other operating
expenses. For the period ended October 31, 2018, the ratio of operating expenses to average net assets consisted of 1.48% of base
management fees, 0.00% of the cost of borrowing, (4.71)% of net expense support and 3.57% of other operating expenses. For the period
ended October 31, 2017, the ratio of operating expenses to average net assets consisted of 1.49% of base management fees, 0.00% of
the cost of borrowing, (29.18)% of net expense support and 28.33% of other operating expenses.
(i)
Includes
stated dividends and amortization of deferred issuance costs on the MRP Shares.
SENIOR
SECURITIES
Information
about the Fund’s senior securities as of December 31, 2022, December 31, 2021, December 31, 2020, December 31,
2019 and October 31, 2019 is shown in the following table. There were no senior securities outstanding as of October 31, 2018
or October 31, 2017. The information contained in the following table
is derived from the Fund’s Annual Report dated December 31, 2022.
Class and Period
Ended |
|
|
Total Amount Outstanding Exclusive
of Treasury Securities(1) (in
thousands) |
|
|
Asset Coverage Per
Unit(2) ($)
|
|
|
Involuntary Liquidating Preference per
Unit(3)
|
|
|
Average Market Value per
Unit(4)
|
|
Revolving
Credit Facility (Wells Fargo Bank, N.A.) |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
December 31,
2022 |
|
|
|
$ |
348,844 |
|
|
|
|
|
5,299 |
|
|
|
|
|
— |
|
|
|
|
|
N/A |
|
|
December 31,
2021 |
|
|
|
$ |
225,664 |
|
|
|
|
|
6,461 |
|
|
|
|
|
— |
|
|
|
|
|
N/A |
|
|
December 31,
2020 |
|
|
|
$ |
77,025 |
|
|
|
|
|
6,233 |
|
|
|
|
|
— |
|
|
|
|
|
N/A |
|
|
December 31,
2019 |
|
|
|
$ |
19,054 |
|
|
|
|
|
5,383 |
|
|
|
|
|
— |
|
|
|
|
|
N/A |
|
|
October 31,
2019 |
|
|
|
$ |
19,397 |
|
|
|
|
|
3,847 |
|
|
|
|
|
— |
|
|
|
|
|
N/A |
|
|
Revolving
Credit Facility (State Street Bank and Trust Company) |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
December 31,
2022 |
|
|
|
$ |
317,201 |
|
|
|
|
|
5,299 |
|
|
|
|
|
— |
|
|
|
|
|
N/A |
|
|
December 31,
2021 |
|
|
|
$ |
176,803 |
|
|
|
|
|
6,461 |
|
|
|
|
|
— |
|
|
|
|
|
N/A |
|
|
December 31,
2020 |
|
|
|
$ |
111,283 |
|
|
|
|
|
6,233 |
|
|
|
|
|
— |
|
|
|
|
|
N/A |
|
|
December 31,
2019 |
|
|
|
$ |
110,387 |
|
|
|
|
|
5,383 |
|
|
|
|
|
— |
|
|
|
|
|
N/A |
|
|
October 31,
2019 |
|
|
|
$ |
144,357 |
|
|
|
|
|
3,847 |
|
|
|
|
|
— |
|
|
|
|
|
N/A |
|
|
Mandatory
Redeemable Preferred Shares* |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
December 31,
2022 |
|
|
|
$ |
420,000 |
|
|
|
|
|
81.52 |
|
|
|
|
$ |
25.00 |
|
|
|
|
|
N/A |
|
|
December 31,
2021 |
|
|
|
$ |
300,000 |
|
|
|
|
|
93.11 |
|
|
|
|
$ |
25.00 |
|
|
|
|
|
N/A |
|
|
*
There
were no mandatory redeemable preferred shares outstanding as of December 31, 2020, December 31, 2019 and October 31, 2019.
(1)
Total
amount of each class of senior securities outstanding at principal value at the end of the period presented.
(2)
The
asset coverage ratio for a class of senior securities representing indebtedness is calculated as our consolidated total assets, less all
liabilities and indebtedness not represented by senior securities, divided by total senior securities representing indebtedness as calculated
separately for each of the Preferred Shares and the credit facilities in accordance with Section 18(h) of the 1940 Act. With respect
to the Preferred Shares, the asset coverage per unit figure is expressed in terms of dollar amounts per share of outstanding Preferred
Shares (based on a per share liquidation preference of $25). With respect to the credit facilities, the asset coverage ratio is multiplied
by $1,000 to determine the “Asset Coverage Per Unit”.
(3)
The
amount to which such class of senior security would be entitled upon our involuntary liquidation in preference to any security junior
to it. The “—” in this column indicates that the SEC expressly does not require this information to be disclosed for
certain types of senior securities.
(4)
Not
applicable to senior securities outstanding as of period end.
THE
FUND
The
Fund is a diversified, closed-end management investment company that is registered under the 1940 Act. The Fund is structured as an “interval
fund” and continuously offers its Shares. The Fund was organized as a Delaware statutory trust on June 21, 2016. The principal
office of the Fund is located at 100 Park Avenue, 25th
Floor, New York, NY 10017 and its telephone number is 212-418-4700.
The
Fund’s investment objective is to provide superior risk-adjusted returns across various market cycles by investing in a diversified
portfolio of liquid and illiquid asset classes. The Fund seeks to capitalize on market inefficiencies and relative value opportunities
throughout the entire global credit spectrum.
The
Fund invests primarily in a portfolio of directly originated loans, secured floating and fixed rate syndicated loans, corporate bonds,
asset-backed securities, commercial real estate loans and other types of credit instruments, which, under normal circumstances, will represent
at least 80% of the Fund’s Managed Assets. In addition, the Fund invests primarily in those countries where creditors’ rights
are protected by law, such as countries in North America and Western Europe, although in select situations the Fund may invest in securities
of issuers domiciled elsewhere. The geographic areas of focus are subject to change from time to time and may be changed without notice
to Shareholders. There is no minimum or maximum limit on the amount of the Fund’s assets that may be invested in non-U.S. securities.
The
Fund seeks to achieve its investment objective by employing an opportunistic, dynamic and untethered global credit investments strategy
based on absolute and relative value considerations and its analysis of credit markets. It seeks risk-adjusted returns over full market
cycles by creating and managing a portfolio with balanced exposures to multiple industry sectors and geographic regions, systematically
allocating capital across multiple segments of the global fixed-income markets, including U.S. and non-U.S. credit instruments. For a
further discussion of the Fund’s principal investment strategies, see “Investment Objective, Opportunities and Strategies.”
There can be no assurance that the Fund will achieve its investment objective.
The
Fund’s investment advisor is CAM. Ares Capital is the Fund’s investment sub-advisor. CAM oversees the management of the Fund’s
activities and is responsible for making investment decisions for the Fund’s portfolio with recommendations and support from Ares
Capital. See “The Advisor and Sub-Advisor.” Responsibility for monitoring and overseeing the Fund’s investment program,
management and operation is vested in the individuals who serve on the Board.
THE
ADVISOR AND SUB-ADVISOR
CAM,
an investment advisor registered with the SEC under the Advisers Act, serves as the Advisor. CAM is a joint venture between affiliates
of Ares and CION and is controlled by Ares.
CION
is a leading manager of alternative investment solutions that focuses on alternative credit strategies for individual investors. CION
manages CION Investment Corporation (“CIC”), a leading publicly traded business development company with approximately $1.9 billion
in total assets as of December 31, 2022, and sponsors, through CAM, the Fund. Its affiliated broker-dealer, CION Securities, provides
distribution services and has entered into a wholesale marketing agreement with the Distributor and a dealer manager agreement with the
Fund. The dealer manager arrangement is applicable only to certain share classes of the Fund.
Ares
Capital, an investment advisor registered with the SEC under the Advisers Act, serves as the Sub-Advisor. Ares is a publicly traded, leading
global alternative investment manager with over 2,550 employees. Ares had approximately $352.0 billion in assets under management
(“AUM”) as of December 31, 2022, of which approximately $214.2 billion was related to its credit business, across
a diverse platform that it manages on behalf of organizations including but not limited to pension and endowment funds, sovereign wealth
funds, financial institutions, insurance companies and individual investors.*
*
As
of December 31, 2022, AUM amounts include funds managed by Ivy Hill Asset Management, L.P., a wholly owned portfolio company of Ares
Capital Corporation (“ARCC”) and a registered investment advisor.
USE
OF PROCEEDS
The
proceeds from the sale of Shares, not including the amount of any applicable sales loads paid by investors net of the Fund’s fees
and expenses, are invested by the Fund to pursue its investment program and strategies. The Fund expects to invest the proceeds obtained
by it promptly after receipt of such proceeds.
INVESTMENT
OBJECTIVE, OPPORTUNITIES AND STRATEGIES
Investment
Objective
The
Fund’s investment objective is to provide superior risk-adjusted returns across various market cycles by investing in a diversified
portfolio of liquid and illiquid asset classes. The Fund seeks to capitalize on market inefficiencies and relative value opportunities
throughout the entire global credit spectrum. There can be no assurance that the Fund will achieve its investment objective.
Investment
Opportunities and Strategies
The
Fund invests primarily in a portfolio of directly originated loans, secured floating and fixed rate syndicated loans, corporate bonds,
asset-backed securities, commercial real estate loans and other types of credit instruments, which, under normal circumstances, will represent
at least 80% of the Fund’s Managed Assets. For purposes of this policy, “credit instruments” may include commercial
real estate mezzanine loans, real estate mortgages, distressed securities, notes, bills, debentures, bank loans, convertible and preferred
securities, government and municipal obligations. The Fund may also invest in foreign instruments and illiquid and restricted securities.
Opportunistic,
Flexible, Untethered Credit Investments Strategy. The Advisors intend to employ
an opportunistic, flexible and untethered global credit investments strategy based on absolute and relative value considerations and their
analysis of the credit markets. The Advisors seek risk-adjusted returns over full market cycles by creating and managing a portfolio with
balanced exposures to multiple industry sectors and geographic regions. The Advisors will make tactical allocations of assets across multiple
segments of the global fixed-income markets, including U.S. and non-U.S. credit instruments. It is anticipated that most of the Fund’s
investments will be rated below investment grade or would be rated below investment grade if they were rated. Non-investment grade fixed
income securities, also known as “junk bonds”, are considered speculative. Some of the credit instruments will have no credit
rating at all. The Fund is untethered to benchmark-specific guidelines, thereby providing the Advisors with significant latitude to invest
where they see opportunities and to reduce exposure to areas where they see less value or heightened downside risks.
Relative
Value Focus. A primary driver of the Fund’s investment strategy will
be a relative value focus whereby the Advisors seek to identify market dislocations caused by, among other factors, (i) significant
corporate transactional events, such as spinoffs, mergers and acquisitions, industry consolidations, liquidations, reorganizations, bankruptcies,
recapitalizations and share buybacks and other extraordinary corporate transactions; (ii) market inefficiencies resulting from the
misunderstanding by the broader investment community of a particular company or industry, which misunderstanding results in the income
of such investment reflecting a higher risk premium or the market price of such investment reflecting a lower value than is deemed warranted
by the Advisors and; (iii) companies experiencing financial stress resulting in a mispricing of their securities either because such
securities pay higher income due to perceived risk or trade at a significant discount to fair value whereby the underlying asset values
limit downside risk and offer meaningful upside potential; and (iv) sell-offs in one or more of the relevant credit markets.
Access
to Ares Transaction Flow. The Advisors intend to benefit from the market presence,
scale, infrastructure and demonstrated investment experience of Ares to gain access to transaction flow and a broad set of investment
opportunities across the non-investment grade credit spectrum. Unlike many other alternative investment managers, Ares operates in a fully
integrated manner and encourages frequent collaboration among its investment professionals. This unique approach allows Ares to draw from
the collective market insight, industry expertise, contacts and experience of its over 880 investment professionals around the world.
The
Fund intends to focus on what the Advisors believe are the broader Ares platform’s most attractive investment ideas and allocate
investments sourced from Ares’s multi-billion dollar credit platform to achieve its investment objective. As such, the Advisors
have the flexibility to invest where they see opportunities, based on their extensive credit research expertise and analysis of the relevant
credit markets, in a variety of credit instruments with varying yield and risk profiles. Many investment vehicles available for retail investors
do not include certain asset classes that the Fund will invest in such as private asset-backed investments and directly originated loans,
and therefore the Fund offers a differentiated investment opportunity to the retail investor base.
Active
Monitoring and Investing, with Bottom-Up and Top-Down Credit Analysis by Deep and Experienced Team. The
Advisors will actively construct and manage a portfolio of credit investments and, as necessary, periodically rebalance the Fund’s
allocation of assets among different types of credit investments utilizing the Advisors’ strategies to seek to optimize the Fund’s
allocation to achieve the Fund’s investment objective under the market conditions existing at such time.
With
respect to each investment opportunity, the Advisors intend to take a bottom-up and top-down approach to their credit analysis that will
focus on each individual investment as well as global macroeconomic factors and the industry in which the subject entity operates. The
Advisors’ investment process will be rigorous, proactive and continuous, and will emphasize team management. Close monitoring of
each investment in the portfolio provides the basis for making buy, sell and hold decisions. In managing the Fund’s portfolio, the
Advisors will utilize their and the broader Ares platform’s deep and experienced teams of credit specialists to analyze investments
and engage in regular and periodic monitoring of credit risk with a goal toward the early identification, and sale, of credit instruments
and other investments with potential credit problems. This monitoring process may include reviewing (i) an issuer’s financial
resources and operating history; (ii) a comparison of an issuer’s current operating results with the Advisors’ initial
investment thesis for the investment and initial expectations for the performance of the obligation; (iii) an issuer’s sensitivity
to economic conditions; (iv) the performance of an issuer’s management; (v) an issuer’s debt maturities and borrowing
requirements; (vi) an issuer’s interest and asset coverage; and (vii) the relative value of an investment based on an
issuer’s anticipated cash flow or where other comparable assets are trading in the market.
Portfolio
Composition
The
Fund’s portfolio will consist of some combination of the following types of investments:
Direct
Lending. The Fund may invest in first lien senior secured loans (including
“unitranche” loans, which are loans that combine both senior and mezzanine debt, generally in a first lien position), second
lien senior secured loans and mezzanine debt, which in some cases includes an equity component, of U.S. and European middle-market companies,
where the Advisors believe the supply of primary capital is limited and the investment opportunities are most attractive. These investments
are typically made to companies with annual EBITDA between $10 million and $250 million. As used herein, EBITDA represents net
income before net interest expense, income tax expense, depreciation and amortization.
Syndicated
Corporate Loans. Syndicated Loans generally hold the most senior position in
the capital structure of a Borrower, are typically secured with specific collateral and have a claim on the assets and/or stock of the
Borrower that is senior to that held by unsecured creditors, subordinated debt holders and holders of equity of the Borrower. Typically,
in order to borrow money pursuant to a Syndicated Loan, a Borrower will, for the term of the Syndicated Loan, pledge collateral (subject
to typical exceptions), including but not limited to (i) working capital assets, such as accounts receivable and inventory; (ii) tangible
fixed assets, such as real property, buildings and equipment; (iii) intangible assets, such as trademarks and patent rights; and
(iv) security interests in shares of stock of subsidiaries or affiliates. In the case of Syndicated Loans made to non-public companies,
the company’s shareholders or owners may provide collateral in the form of secured guarantees and/or security interests in assets
that they own. In many instances, a Syndicated Loan may be secured only by stock in the Borrower or its subsidiaries. Collateral may consist
of assets that may not be readily liquidated, and there is no assurance that the liquidation of such assets would satisfy fully a Borrower’s
obligations under a Syndicated Loan.
A
Borrower must comply with various covenants contained in a loan agreement or note purchase agreement between the Borrower and the holders
of the Syndicated Loan (the “Loan Agreement”). In a typical Syndicated Loan, an administrative agent (the “Agent”)
administers the terms of the Loan Agreement. In such cases, the Agent is normally responsible for the collection of principal and interest
payments from the Borrower and the apportionment of these payments to the credit of all institutions that are parties to the Loan Agreement.
The Fund will generally rely upon the Agent or an intermediate participant to receive and forward to the Fund its portion of the principal
and interest payments on the Syndicated Loan. Additionally, the Fund normally will rely on the Agent and the other loan investors to use
appropriate credit remedies against the Borrower. The Agent is typically responsible for monitoring compliance with covenants contained
in the Loan Agreement based upon reports prepared by the
Borrower.
The Agent may monitor the value of the collateral and, if the value of the collateral declines, may accelerate the Syndicated Loan, may
give the Borrower an opportunity to provide additional collateral or may seek other protection for the benefit of the participants in
the Syndicated Loan. The Agent is compensated by the Borrower for providing these services under a Loan Agreement, and such compensation
may include special fees paid upon structuring and funding the Syndicated Loan and other fees paid on a continuing basis.
Syndicated
Loans typically have rates of interest that are determined daily, monthly, quarterly or semi-annually by reference to a base lending rate,
plus a premium or credit spread. As a result, as short-term interest rates increase, interest payable to the Fund from its investments
in Syndicated Loans should increase, and as short-term interest rates decrease, interest payable to the Fund from its investments in Syndicated
Loans should decrease. These base lending rates are primarily LIBOR, SOFR, or another reference rate, and secondarily the prime rate offered
by one or more major U.S. banks and the certificate of deposit rate or other base lending rates used by commercial lenders.
Although
not initially a principal investment strategy, the Fund may purchase and retain in its portfolio Syndicated Loans where the Borrower has
experienced, or may be perceived to be likely to experience, credit problems, including involvement in or recent emergence from bankruptcy
court proceedings or other forms of debt restructuring. Such distressed investments may provide opportunities for enhanced income as well
as capital appreciation, although they also will be subject to greater risk of loss. At times, in connection with the restructuring of
a Syndicated Loan either outside of bankruptcy court or in the context of bankruptcy court proceedings, the Fund may determine or be required
to accept equity securities or junior credit securities in exchange for all or a portion of a Syndicated Loan.
In
the process of buying, selling and holding Syndicated Loans, the Fund may receive and/or pay certain fees. These fees are in addition
to interest payments received and may include facility fees, commitment fees, amendment fees, commissions and prepayment penalty fees.
On an ongoing basis, the Fund may receive a commitment fee based on the undrawn portion of the underlying line of credit portion of a
Syndicated Loan. In certain circumstances, the Fund may receive a prepayment penalty fee upon the prepayment of a Syndicated Loan by a
Borrower. Other fees received by the Fund may include covenant waiver fees, covenant modification fees or other amendment fees.
Corporate
Bonds. An issuer of Corporate Bonds typically pays the investor a fixed rate
of interest and must repay the amount borrowed on or before maturity. The investment return of Corporate Bonds reflects interest on the
security and changes in the market value of the security. The market value of a Corporate Bond generally may be expected to rise and fall
inversely with interest rates. The value of intermediate- and longer-term Corporate Bonds normally fluctuates more in response to changes
in interest rates than does the value of shorter-term Corporate Bonds. The market value of a Corporate Bond also may be affected by investors’
perceptions of the creditworthiness of the issuer, the issuer’s performance and perceptions of the issuer in the market place. There
is a risk that the issuers of Corporate Bonds may not be able to meet their obligations on interest or principal payments at the time
called for by an instrument. The Fund may utilize various types of Derivatives, including swaps, for the purpose of gaining exposure to
Corporate Bonds.
Structured
Credit. The Fund may invest in asset-backed opportunities across broad sectors
such as consumer and commercial specialty finance and corporate credit. The Fund will target investment opportunities that are directly
originated and privately negotiated that may include (i) financings secured by pools of consumer loans, commercial loans or real
estate assets; (ii) the outright purchase of pools of consumer loans, commercial loans or real estate assets; and (iii) debt
and equity investments in U.S.-dollar-denominated CLOs that are primarily backed by corporate leveraged loans issued to primarily U.S.
CLOs, as well as Euro-denominated CLOs that are backed primarily by corporate leveraged loans issued to primarily European CLOs. The investments
in the “equity” of structured credit products (including CLOs) refers to the Residual Tranche.
The
CLO equity tranches (or other similar junior tranches) and privately issued asset-backed securities in which the Fund invests may be highly
leveraged, which magnifies the Fund’s risk of loss on such investments.
Stressed
Investments. The Fund may invest in preferred or common shares, or other instruments,
of companies undergoing, or that have recently completed, bankruptcies, reorganizations, insolvencies, liquidations or other fundamental
changes or similar proceedings or other Stressed Issuers. In any investment opportunity involving any such type, there exists the risk
that the contemplated transaction either will be unsuccessful, will take considerable time or will result in a distribution of cash or
new securities, the value of which will be less than the purchase price to the Fund of the securities or other financial instruments in
respect of which such distribution is received. Similarly, if an anticipated transaction does not in fact occur, the Fund may be required
to sell its investment at a loss. The consummation of such transactions can be prevented or delayed by a variety of factors, including
but not limited to (i) intervention of a regulatory agency; (ii) market conditions resulting in material changes in securities
prices; (iii) compliance with any applicable bankruptcy, insolvency or securities laws; and (iv) the inability to obtain adequate
financing. Because there is substantial uncertainty concerning the outcome of transactions involving financially troubled companies in
which the Fund intends to invest, there is a potential risk of loss by the Fund of its entire investment in such companies.
Commercial
Real Estate Loans.
Senior
Mortgage Loans: These mortgage loans are typically secured by first liens on commercial properties, including the following
property types: office, multifamily, retail, industrial, hospitality and mixed-use. In some cases, first lien mortgages may be divided
into an A-Note and a B-Note. The A-Note is typically a privately negotiated loan that is secured by a first mortgage on a commercial property
or group of related properties that is senior to a B-Note secured by the same first mortgage property or group.
Subordinated
Debt: These loans may include structurally subordinated first mortgage loans and junior participations in first mortgage
loans or participations in these types of assets. As noted above, a B-Note is typically a privately negotiated loan that is secured by
a first mortgage on a commercial property or group of related properties and is subordinated to an A-Note secured by the same first mortgage
property or group. The subordination of a B-Note or junior participation typically is evidenced by participations or intercreditor agreements
with other holders of interests in the note. B-Notes are subject to more credit risk with respect to the underlying mortgage collateral
than the corresponding A-Note.
Preferred
Equity: Real estate preferred equity investments are subordinate to first mortgage loans and are not collateralized by
the property underlying the investment. As a holder of preferred equity, the Fund seeks to enhance its position with covenants that limit
the activities of the entity in which the Fund has an interest and protect the Fund’s equity by obtaining an exclusive right to
control the underlying property after an event of default, should such a default occur on the Fund’s investment.
Mezzanine
Loans: Like B-Notes, these loans are also subordinated, but are usually secured by a pledge of the borrower’s equity
ownership in the entity that owns the property or by a second lien mortgage on the property. In a liquidation, these loans are generally
junior to any mortgage liens on the underlying property, but senior to any preferred equity or common equity interests in the entity that
owns the property. Investor rights are usually governed by intercreditor agreements.
Other
Investment Strategies. The Fund may also invest in distressed securities, notes,
bills, debentures, bank loans, convertible and preferred securities, government and municipal obligations and other credit instruments
with similar economic characteristics. In addition, from time to time, the Fund may invest in or hold common shares and other equity securities
incidental to the purchase or ownership of a Syndicated Loan or Corporate Bond or in connection with a reorganization of a borrower. The
Fund may engage in short sales. The Fund may also use Derivatives to gain investment exposure to credit instruments, to provide downside
protection and to dampen volatility. Derivatives may allow the Fund to increase or decrease the level of risk to which the Fund is exposed
more quickly and efficiently than transactions in other types of instruments. The Fund may invest in securities of other investment companies,
including ETFs, to the extent that these investments are consistent with the Fund’s investment objective, strategies and policies
and permissible under the 1940 Act or any applicable exemption therefrom. The Fund may invest in other investment companies to gain broad
market or sector exposure, including during periods when it has large amounts of uninvested cash or when the Advisors believe share prices
of other investment companies offer attractive values.
Other
Characteristics
Below
Investment Grade Credit Instruments. Most of the credit instruments in which
the Fund may invest will be rated below investment grade (also known as “junk bonds”). Securities rated below investment grade
are those that, at the time of investment, are rated Ba1 or lower by Moody’s, or BB+ or lower by S&P or Fitch, or if unrated
are determined by the Advisors to be of comparable quality. Below investment grade securities often are regarded as having predominately
speculative characteristics with respect to an issuer’s capacity to pay interest and repay principal. In addition, lower quality
debt securities tend to be more sensitive to general economic conditions. Although many of the Fund’s investments may consist of
securities rated below investment grade, the Fund reserves the right to invest in credit instruments of any credit quality, maturity and
duration.
Foreign
Instruments. The Fund may make investments in non-U.S. entities, including
issuers in emerging markets. Emerging market countries are countries that major international financial institutions, such as the World
Bank, generally consider to be less economically mature than developed nations, such as the United States or most nations in Western Europe.
Emerging market countries can include every nation in the world except the United States, Canada, Japan, Australia, New Zealand, most
countries located in Western Europe and certain other countries. The Fund expects that its investment in non-U.S. issuers will be made
primarily in U.S. dollar denominated securities, but it reserves the right to purchase securities that are foreign currency denominated.
Some non-U.S. securities may be less liquid and more volatile than securities of comparable U.S. issuers.
Illiquid
and Restricted Securities. The Fund may invest in instruments that, at the
time of investment, are illiquid (generally, those securities that cannot be disposed of within seven days in the ordinary course of business
at approximately the value at which the Fund has valued the securities). Although the Fund may invest in such instruments without limitation,
pursuant to the requirements of the 1940 Act, the Board has adopted, and the Fund follows, procedures designed to ensure that the Fund
maintains sufficient liquidity to meet its periodic repurchase obligations as an interval fund. The Fund may also invest, without limit,
in securities that are unregistered (but are eligible for purchase and sale by certain qualified institutional buyers) or are held by
control persons of the issuer and securities that are subject to contractual restrictions on their resale.
The
Fund may invest its cash balances in money market instruments, U.S. government securities, commercial paper, certificates of deposit,
repurchase agreements and other high-quality debt instruments maturing in one year or less, among other instruments. In addition, and
in response to adverse market, economic or political conditions, the Fund may invest in high-quality fixed income securities, money market
instruments and money market funds or may hold significant positions in cash or cash equivalents for defensive purposes.
The
Investment Process
The
Fund’s portfolio is managed by CAM employees Mitch Goldstein and Greg Margolies, who are also employees of an affiliate of Ares,
where Mitch Goldstein is Co-Head of the Ares Credit Group and Greg Margolies is a Partner. In managing the portfolio, they employ two
principal inputs, a quantitative allocation model and the Sub-Advisor’s Allocation Committee comprised of portfolio managers and
investment officers from each underlying credit discipline.
The
Ares model utilizes a scoring system intended to quantify the following with a common scale:
•
four
risk factors for each asset class including:
◦
volatility: variability
of price for a given security;
◦
liquidity: extent
to which an asset or security can be purchased or sold within the context of its current quoted price;
◦
loss
probability: probability of realizing a loss from default; and
◦
control
premium: premium to value associated with having a controlling position in structuring and originating debt instruments
•
three
macroeconomic risk factors including correlation to equities, interest rate risk, and geographic/regional risk
•
relative
value spread basis between different asset classes, based on standard deviations in price of each asset
•
relative
value of each asset class as compared to its own historical average measured by standard deviation
The
Ares scoring for each asset class is then used to solve for an optimal allocation mix using a range of targeted returns. Minimum and maximum
concentration and diversification limits may be applied. This output is meant as an objective measure of relative value, useful in guiding
both Allocation Committee discussion and in advising Ares co-portfolio managers as to portfolio construction.
Allocation
Committee meetings are held monthly and serve multiple ends. The forum is intended to facilitate a congress of expert opinions from across
the credit spectrum. Members discuss macroeconomic trends, U.S. and global growth (or contraction), labor market trends, inflation trends,
fiscal and monetary policy trends, asset valuations, liquidity conditions and investor sentiment. Each is addressed with respect to its
potential effect on lending conditions and credit spreads across underlying asset classes. Consensus is not required, however the agenda
will tend to facilitate development of broad “house views” as to macroeconomic forecasts. Specific focus is given to the subject
of valuation, and whether each credit asset class is priced attractively relative to its fundamental (absolute) risk and also by comparison
to other credit assets. Healthy disagreement on this topic is encouraged, and particular consideration given to the spreads at which most
recent loans or bonds have been underwritten by the investment teams of each asset class. The end objective is to determine which asset
classes appear cheaply valued and most attractive relative to the risks inherent to each asset class.
The
process culminates as Mitch Goldstein and Greg Margolies determine portfolio positioning and will decide how much of the Fund’s
portfolio is invested in each credit asset class. The composition and construction of each underlying asset category is then determined
by the portfolio managers specific to that asset category. To the extent possible, such portfolio managers are the same as would be employed
in managing a standalone fund within that underlying asset class and the pool of investment ideas from which the underlying asset category
is populated would similarly be the same. All investments are either sourced from third parties or by Ares directly, but the Fund expects
the vast majority of the Fund’s investments to be directly originated by the Ares investment teams. While each underlying investment
team employs its own distinct investment process tailored to that asset class, all portfolio investments undergo intensive screening,
due diligence, and credit analyses focused on principal preservation and long-term value creation in market leading businesses. This ensures
integrity of process down to the selection of specific companies and credits and is intended to maximize “best ideas” capture
across the platform. As the allocation between various asset classes change, underlying portfolio managers are directed to monetize assets
or increase their investments to raise liquidity or deploy additional investment capital.
TYPES
OF INVESTMENTS AND RELATED RISKS
Investors
should carefully consider the risk factors described below, before deciding on whether to make an investment in the Fund. The risks set
out below are not the only risks the Fund faces. Additional risks and uncertainties not currently known to the Fund or that the Fund currently
deems to be immaterial also may materially adversely affect the Fund’s business, financial condition and/or operating results. If
any of the following events occur, the Fund’s business, financial condition and results of operations could be materially adversely
affected. In such case, the NAV of the Fund’s Shares could decline, and investors may lose all or part of their investment.
Risks
Relating to Investment Strategies and Fund Investments
Distressed
and Event-Driven Investing Risk. The Fund may invest in securities and other
obligations of companies that are involved in significant financial or business distress, including companies involved in bankruptcy or
other reorganization and liquidation proceedings. Although such investments may result in significant income and returns for the Fund,
they involve a substantial degree of risk. The level of analytical sophistication, both financial and legal, necessary for successful
investment in distressed assets is particularly high. There is no assurance that the Fund will correctly evaluate the value of the
assets collateralizing the Fund’s investments or the prospects for a successful reorganization or similar action in respect of any
company. In any reorganization or liquidation proceeding relating to a company in which the Fund invests, the Fund may lose its entire
investment, may be required to accept cash or securities with a value less than the Fund’s original investment and/or may be required
to accept payment over an extended period of time. Troubled company investments and other distressed asset-based investments require active
monitoring.
The
Fund may also invest in companies in expectation of a specific event or catalyst, which may be external (e.g.,
a macroeconomic event impacting relevant markets) or an event that is specific to the company (e.g.,
a Chapter 11 filing). Such event-driven investing requires the Fund to make judgments concerning (i) the likelihood that an event
will occur; and (ii) the impact such event will have on the value of the Fund’s investment in the relevant company. If the
event fails to occur or it does not have the effect foreseen, significant losses can result.
Market
Price Inefficiency Risk. The Fund seeks investment opportunities based on what
the Advisors perceive as market inefficiencies. However, recognizing market inefficiencies requires a high level of market expertise and
is inherently difficult because it requires the recognition of information that the majority of market participants have not identified.
The Fund may not effectively recognize market inefficiencies and, even if it does, the market may not correct as the Fund predicts, either
of which could result in significant losses to the Fund.
Limited
Portfolio Companies Risk. The Fund seeks to achieve its investment objective
by focusing on a limited number of opportunities across the investment universe that it believes offer potentially exceptional risk-adjusted
income and returns as compared to more traditional investment strategies under current and expected economic conditions. As a result,
the Fund’s portfolio may be focused in a limited number of portfolio companies and industries. Beyond the asset diversification
requirements associated with the Fund’s qualification as a RIC under Subchapter M of the Code and the fundamental investment limitations
set forth in the Statement of Additional Information, the Fund does not have fixed guidelines for diversification, and while the Fund
is not targeting any specific industries, the Fund’s investments may be focused in relatively few industries or portfolio companies.
As a result, the aggregate income and returns the Fund realizes may be significantly adversely affected if a small number of investments
perform poorly or if the Fund needs to write down the value of any one investment. Additionally, a downturn in any particular industry
in which the Fund is invested could also significantly impact the aggregate income and returns it realizes.
Debt
Instruments Risk. The Fund may invest in loans and other types of debt instruments
and securities. Such investments may be secured, partially secured or unsecured and may be rated or unrated, and whether or not rated,
may have speculative characteristics. Changes in interest rates generally will cause the value of fixed rate debt investments held by
the Fund to vary inversely to such changes. Debt investments with longer terms to maturity or duration are subject to greater volatility
than investments in shorter-term obligations. The issuer of a debt security or instrument may not be able or willing to pay interest or
to repay
principal
when due in accordance with the terms of the associated agreement. An obligor’s willingness to pay interest or to repay principal
due in a timely manner may be affected by, among other factors, its cash flow. Commercial bank lenders may be able to contest payments
to the holders of other debt obligations of the same obligor in the event of default under their commercial bank loan agreements. See
also “Types of Investments and Related Risks — Credit Risk.”
The
Fund may invest in loans and other similar forms of debt. Such forms of indebtedness may be different from traditional debt securities
in that debt securities are typically part of a large issue of securities and loans and similar debt instruments may not be securities,
but may represent a specific commercial loan to a borrower. Loan participations typically represent direct participation, together with
other parties, in a loan to a corporate borrower, and generally are offered by banks or other financial institutions or lending syndicates.
The Fund may participate in such syndications, or can buy part of a loan, becoming a part lender. When purchasing indebtedness and loan
participations, the Fund assumes the credit risk associated with the borrower and may assume the credit risk associated with an interposed
bank or other Financial Intermediary. Members of a syndicate in which the Fund participates may have different and sometimes superior
rights to those of the Fund. Where the Fund invests as a sub-participant in syndicated debt, it may be subject to certain risks as a result
of having no direct contractual relationship with the underlying borrower. As a result, the Fund will generally be dependent on the lender
to enforce its rights and obligations under the loan arrangements in the event of a default by the underlying borrower and will generally
not have any direct rights against the underlying borrower, any direct rights in the collateral, if any, securing such borrowing, or any
right to deal directly with such borrower. The lender will, in general, retain the right to determine whether remedies provided for in
the underlying loan arrangement will be exercised, or waived. In the event that the Fund enters into such an investment, there can be
no assurance that its ability to realize upon a participation will not be interrupted or impaired in the event of the bankruptcy or insolvency
of any of the borrower or the lender or that in such circumstances the Fund will benefit from any set-off between the lender and the borrower.
Claims by third parties arising from these and other risks may be borne by the Fund.
Syndicated
Loans Risk. The Syndicated Loans in which the Fund will invest will primarily
be rated below investment grade, but may also be unrated and of comparable credit quality. As a result, the risks associated with such
Syndicated Loans are generally similar to the risks of other below investment grade fixed income instruments, although Syndicated Loans
are senior and typically secured in contrast to other below investment grade fixed income instruments, which are often subordinated or
unsecured. Investments in below investment grade Syndicated Loans are considered speculative because of the credit risk of the Borrowers.
Such Borrowers are more likely than investment grade Borrowers to default on their payments of interest and principal owed to the Fund,
and such defaults could reduce the Fund’s NAV and income dividends. An economic downturn would generally lead to a higher non-payment
rate, and a Syndicated Loan may lose significant market value before a default occurs. Moreover, any specific collateral used to secure
a Syndicated Loan may decline in value or become illiquid, which would adversely affect the Syndicated Loan’s value. Syndicated
Loans are subject to a number of risks described elsewhere in this prospectus, including liquidity risk and the risk of investing in below
investment grade fixed income instruments.
Syndicated
Loans are subject to the risk of non-payment of scheduled interest or principal. Such non-payment would result in a reduction of income
to the Fund, a reduction in the value of the investment and a potential decrease in the NAV of the Fund. There can be no assurance that
the liquidation of any collateral securing a Syndicated Loan would satisfy the Borrower’s obligation in the event of non-payment
of scheduled interest or principal payments, whether when due or upon acceleration, or that the collateral could be liquidated, readily
or otherwise. In the event of bankruptcy or insolvency of a Borrower, the Fund could experience delays or limitations with respect to
its ability to realize the benefits of the collateral, if any, securing a Syndicated Loan. The collateral securing a Syndicated Loan,
if any, may lose all or substantially all of its value in the event of the bankruptcy or insolvency of a Borrower. Some Syndicated Loans
are subject to the risk that a court, pursuant to fraudulent conveyance or other similar laws, could subordinate such Syndicated Loans
to presently existing or future indebtedness of the Borrower or take other action detrimental to the holders of Syndicated Loans including,
in certain circumstances, invalidating such Syndicated Loans or causing interest previously paid to be refunded to the Borrower. Additionally,
a Syndicated Loan may be “primed” in bankruptcy, which reduces the ability of the holders of the
Syndicated
Loan to recover on the collateral. Priming takes place when a debtor in bankruptcy is allowed to incur additional indebtedness by the
bankruptcy court and such indebtedness has a senior or pari passu lien with the debtor’s existing secured indebtedness, such
as existing Syndicated Loans or secured Corporate Bonds.
There
may be less readily available information about most Syndicated Loans and the Borrowers thereunder than is the case for many other types
of securities, including securities issued in transactions registered under the Securities Act of 1933, as amended (the “1933 Act”),
or registered under the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, as amended (the “Exchange Act”), and Borrowers subject to the periodic
reporting requirements of Section 13 of the Exchange Act. Syndicated Loans may be issued by companies that are not subject to SEC
reporting requirements and these companies, therefore, do not file reports with the SEC that must comply with SEC form requirements and
in addition are subject to a less stringent liability disclosure regime than companies subject to SEC reporting requirements. As a result,
the Advisors will rely primarily on their own evaluation of a Borrower’s credit quality rather than on any available independent
sources. Therefore, the Fund will be particularly dependent on the analytical abilities of the Advisors.
The
secondary trading market for Syndicated Loans may be less liquid than the secondary trading market for registered investment grade debt
securities. No active trading market may exist for certain Syndicated Loans, which may make it difficult to value them. Illiquidity and
adverse market conditions may mean that the Fund may not be able to sell Syndicated Loans quickly or at a fair price. To the extent that
a secondary market does exist for certain Syndicated Loans, the market for them may be subject to irregular trading activity, wide bid/ask
spreads and extended trade settlement periods.
Syndicated
Loans and other variable rate debt instruments are subject to the risk of payment defaults of scheduled interest or principal. Such payment
defaults would result in a reduction of income to the Fund, a reduction in the value of the investment and a potential decrease in the
NAV of the Fund. Similarly, a sudden and significant increase in market interest rates may increase the risk of payment defaults and cause
a decline in the value of these investments and in the Fund’s NAV. Other factors (including, but not limited to, rating downgrades,
credit deterioration, a large downward movement in share prices, a disparity in supply and demand of certain securities or market conditions
that reduce liquidity) can reduce the value of Syndicated Loans and other debt obligations, impairing the Fund’s NAV.
Syndicated
Loans are subject to legislative risk. If legislation or state or federal regulations impose additional requirements or restrictions on
the ability of financial institutions to make loans, the availability of Syndicated Loans for investment by the Fund may be adversely
affected. In addition, such requirements or restrictions could reduce or eliminate sources of financing for certain Borrowers. This would
increase the risk of default. If legislation or federal or state regulations require financial institutions to increase their capital
requirements this may cause financial institutions to dispose of Syndicated Loans that are considered highly levered transactions. Such
sales could result in prices that, in the opinions of the Advisors, do not represent fair value. If the Fund attempts to sell a Syndicated
Loan at a time when a financial institution is engaging in such a sale, the price the Fund could receive for the Syndicated Loan may be
adversely affected.
The
Fund expects to acquire Syndicated Loans through assignments and, to a lesser extent, through participations. The purchaser of an assignment
typically succeeds to all the rights and obligations of the assigning institution and becomes a lender under the credit agreement with
respect to the debt obligation; however, the purchaser’s rights can be more restricted than those of the assigning institution,
and the Fund may not be able to unilaterally enforce all rights and remedies under the loan and with regard to any associated collateral.
In general, a participation is a contractual relationship only with the institution participating out the interest, not with the Borrower.
Sellers of participations typically include banks, broker-dealers, other financial institutions and lending institutions. In purchasing
participations, the Fund generally will have no right to enforce compliance by the Borrower with the terms of the loan agreement against
the Borrower, and the Fund may not directly benefit from the collateral supporting the debt obligation in which it has purchased the participation.
As a result, (i) the Fund will be exposed to the credit risk of both the Borrower and the institution selling the participation;
and (ii) both the Borrower and the institution selling the participation will be considered issuers for purposes of the Fund’s
investment restriction concerning industry concentration. See “Investment Restrictions”. Further, in purchasing
participations
in lending syndicates, the Fund may be more limited than it otherwise would be in its ability to conduct due diligence on the Borrower.
In addition, as a holder of the participations, the Fund may not have voting rights or inspection rights that the Fund would otherwise
have if it were investing directly in the Syndicated Loan, which may result in the Fund being exposed to greater credit or fraud risk
with respect to the Borrower or the Syndicated Loan.
Subordinated
Loans Risk. Although the Fund does not initially expect Subordinated Loans
to be a significant component of its portfolio, it may invest in such instruments from time to time. Subordinated Loans generally are
subject to similar risks as those associated with investments in Syndicated Loans, except that such loans are subordinated in payment
and/or lower in lien priority to first lien holders. In the event of default on a Subordinated Loan, the first priority lien holder has
first claim to the underlying collateral of the loan to the extent such claim is secured. Additionally, an oversecured creditor may be
entitled to additional interest and other charges in bankruptcy increasing the amount of their allowed claim. Subordinated Loans are subject
to the additional risk that the cash flow of the Borrower and property securing the loan or debt, if any, may be insufficient to meet
scheduled payments after giving effect to the senior obligations of the Borrower. This risk is generally higher for subordinated unsecured
loans or debt, which are not backed by a security interest in any specific collateral. Subordinated Loans generally have greater price
volatility than Syndicated Loans and may be less liquid.
“Covenant-Lite”
Loans Risk. Some of the loans in which the Fund may invest directly or indirectly
through its investments in collateralized debt obligations (“CDOs”), CLOs or other types of structured securities may be “covenant-lite”
loans, which means the loans contain fewer maintenance covenants than other loans (in some cases, none) and do not include terms which
allow the lender to monitor the performance of the borrower and declare a default if certain criteria are breached. An investment by the
Fund in a covenant-lite loan may potentially hinder the ability to reprice credit risk associated with the issuer and reduce the ability
to restructure a problematic loan and mitigate potential loss. The Fund may also experience delays in enforcing its rights on its holdings
of covenant-lite loans. As a result of these risks, the Fund’s exposure to losses may be increased, which could result in an adverse
impact on the Fund’s net income and net asset value.
Corporate
Bond Risk. The market value of a Corporate Bond generally may be expected to
rise and fall inversely with interest rates. The market value of intermediate- and longer-term Corporate Bonds is generally more sensitive
to changes in interest rates than is the market value of shorter-term Corporate Bonds. The market value of a Corporate Bond also may be
affected by factors directly related to the issuer, such as investors’ perceptions of the creditworthiness of the issuer, the issuer’s
financial performance, perceptions of the issuer in the market place, performance of management of the issuer, the issuer’s capital
structure and use of financial leverage and demand for the issuer’s goods and services. Certain risks associated with investments
in Corporate Bonds are described elsewhere in this Prospectus in further detail, including under “Credit Risk”, “Prepayment
Risk” and “Inflation and Deflation Risk”. There is a risk that the issuers of Corporate Bonds may not be able to meet
their obligations on interest or principal payments at the time called for by an instrument. The Fund expects to invest primarily in Corporate
Bonds that are high yield issues rated below investment grade. High yield Corporate Bonds are often high risk and have speculative characteristics.
High yield Corporate Bonds may be particularly susceptible to adverse issuer-specific developments. High yield Corporate Bonds are subject
to the risks described below under “Below Investment Grade Rating Risk.”
Asset-Backed
Securities Risk. Asset-backed securities often involve risks that are different
from or more acute than risks associated with other types of debt instruments. For instance, asset-backed securities may be particularly
sensitive to changes in prevailing interest rates. In addition, the underlying assets are subject to prepayments that shorten the securities’
weighted average maturity and may lower their return. Asset-backed securities are also subject to risks associated with their structure
and the nature of the assets underlying the security and the servicing of those assets. Payment of interest and repayment of principal
on asset-backed securities is largely dependent upon the cash flows generated by the assets backing the securities and, in certain cases,
supported by letters of credit, surety bonds or other credit enhancements. The values of asset-backed securities may be substantially
dependent on the servicing of the underlying asset pools, and are therefore subject to risks associated with the negligence by, or defalcation
of, their servicers. Furthermore, debtors may be entitled to the protection of a number of state and federal consumer
credit
laws with respect to the assets underlying these securities, which may give the debtor the right to avoid or reduce payment. In addition,
due to their often complicated structures, various asset-backed securities may be difficult to value and may constitute illiquid investments.
If many borrowers on the underlying loans default, losses could exceed the credit enhancement level and result in losses to investors
in asset-backed securities.
Below
Investment Grade Rating Risk. The Fund expects initially that its investments
in Syndicated Loans, Subordinated Loans, Corporate Bonds and other debt instruments will consist primarily of securities and loans that
are rated below investment grade or unrated and of comparable credit quality. Corporate Bonds that are rated below investment grade are
often referred to as “high yield” securities or “junk bonds.” Below investment grade Syndicated Loans, high yield
securities and other similar instruments are rated “Ba1” or lower by Moody’s, “BB+” or lower by S&P
or “BB+” or lower by Fitch or, if unrated, are judged by the Advisors to be of comparable credit quality. While generally
providing greater income and opportunity for gain, below investment grade rated Corporate Bonds and Syndicated Loans and similar debt
instruments may be subject to greater risks than securities or instruments that have higher credit ratings, including a higher risk of
default. The credit rating of a Corporate Bond and Syndicated Loan that is rated below investment grade does not necessarily address its
market value risk, and ratings may from time to time change, positively or negatively, to reflect developments regarding the issuer’s
financial condition. Below investment grade Corporate Bonds and Syndicated Loans and similar instruments often are considered to be speculative
with respect to the capacity of the Borrower to timely repay principal and pay interest or dividends in accordance with the terms of the
obligation and may have more credit risk than higher rated securities. Lower grade securities and similar debt instruments may be particularly
susceptible to economic downturns. It is likely that a prolonged or deepening economic recession could adversely affect the ability of
some Borrowers issuing such Corporate Bonds, Syndicated Loans and similar debt instruments to repay principal and pay interest on
the instrument, increase the incidence of default and severely disrupt the market value of the securities and similar debt instruments.
The
secondary market for below investment grade Corporate Bonds and Syndicated Loans and similar instruments may be less liquid than that
for higher rated instruments. Because unrated securities may not have an active trading market or may be difficult to value, the Fund
might have difficulty selling them promptly at an acceptable price. To the extent that the Fund invests in unrated securities, the Fund’s
ability to achieve its investment objectives will be more dependent on the Advisors’ credit analysis than would be the case when
the Fund invests in rated securities.
Under
normal market conditions, the Fund will invest in Syndicated Loans and Corporate Bonds, and may invest in Subordinated Loans and other
debt instruments, rated in the lower rating categories (“Caa1” or lower by Moody’s, “CCC+” or lower by S&P
or CCC+ or lower by Fitch) or unrated and of comparable quality. For these securities, the risks associated with below investment grade
instruments are more pronounced. The Fund may incur additional expenses to the extent it is required to seek recovery upon a default in
the payment of principal or interest on its portfolio holdings. In any reorganization or liquidation proceeding relating to an investment,
the Fund may lose its entire investment or may be required to accept cash or securities with a value substantially less than its original
investment.
Collateralized
Loan Obligations Risk. CLOs issue debt securities in tranches with different
payment characteristics and different credit ratings. The rated tranches of CLO Debt Securities are generally assigned credit ratings
by one or more nationally recognized statistical rating organization (“NRSRO”). Residual tranches are the most junior tranches
and do not receive ratings. Below investment grade tranches of CLO Debt Securities typically experience a lower recovery, greater risk
of loss or deferral or non-payment of interest than more senior tranches of the CLO. The riskiest portion of the capital structure of
a CLO is the subordinated (or residual) tranche, which bears the bulk of defaults from the loans in the CLO and serves to protect the
other, more senior tranches from default in all but the most severe circumstances. Since it is partially protected from defaults, a senior
tranche from a CLO typically has higher ratings and lower yields than the underlying securities, and can be rated investment grade. Despite
the protection from the subordinated tranche, CLO tranches can experience substantial losses due to actual defaults, increased sensitivity
to defaults due to collateral default and disappearance of protecting tranches, market anticipation of defaults and aversion to CLO Securities
as a class. The risks of an investment in a CLO depend largely on the collateral and the tranche of the CLO in which the Fund invests.
The
CLOs in which the Fund invests may have issued and sold debt tranches that will rank senior to the tranches in which the Fund invests.
By their terms, such more senior tranches may entitle the holders to receive payment of interest or principal on or before the dates on
which the Fund is entitled to receive payments with respect to the tranches in which the Fund invests.
Also,
in the event of insolvency, liquidation, dissolution, reorganization or bankruptcy of a CLO, holders of more senior tranches would typically
be entitled to receive payment in full before the Fund receives any distribution. After repaying such senior creditors, such CLO may not
have any remaining assets to use for repaying its obligation to the Fund. In the case of tranches ranking equally with the tranches in
which the Fund invests, the Fund would have to share on an equal basis any distributions with other creditors holding such securities
in the event of an insolvency, liquidation, dissolution, reorganization or bankruptcy of the relevant CLO. Therefore, the Fund may not
receive back the full amount of its investment in a CLO.
The
transaction documents relating to the issuance of CLO Debt Securities may impose eligibility criteria on the assets of the CLO, restrict
the ability of the CLO’s investment manager to trade investments and impose certain portfolio-wide asset quality requirements. These
criteria, restrictions and requirements may limit the ability of the CLO’s investment manager to maximize returns on the CLO Debt
Securities. In addition, other parties involved in CLOs, such as third party credit enhancers and investors in the rated tranches may
impose requirements that have an adverse effect on the returns of the various tranches of CLO Debt Securities. Furthermore, CLO Debt Securities
issuance transaction documents generally contain provisions that, in the event that certain tests are not met (generally interest coverage
and over-collateralization tests at varying levels in the capital structure), proceeds that would otherwise be distributed to holders
of a junior tranche must be diverted to pay down the senior tranches until such tests are satisfied. Failure (or increased likelihood
of failure) of a CLO to make timely payments on a particular tranche will have an adverse effect on the liquidity and market value of
such tranche.
Payments
to holders of CLO Debt Securities may be subject to deferral. If cash flows generated by the underlying assets are insufficient to make
all current and, if applicable, deferred payments on CLO Debt Securities, no other assets will be available for payment of the deficiency
and, following realization of the underlying assets, the obligations of the issuer of the related CLO Debt Securities to pay such deficiency
will be extinguished.
The
market value of CLO Debt Securities may be affected by, among other things, changes in the market value of the underlying assets held
by the CLO, changes in the distributions on the underlying assets, defaults and recoveries on the underlying assets, capital gains and
losses on the underlying assets, prepayments on underlying assets and the availability, prices and interest rate of underlying assets.
Furthermore, the leveraged nature of each subordinated class may magnify the adverse impact on such class of changes in the value of the
assets, changes in the distributions on the assets, defaults and recoveries on the assets, capital gains and losses on the assets, prepayment
on assets and availability, price and interest rates of assets. Finally, CLO Debt Securities are limited recourse and may not be paid
in full and may be subject to up to 100% loss.
Commercial
Real Estate Lending Investments Risk. The
Fund’s senior commercial real estate loans are secured by commercial property and are subject to risks of delinquency and foreclosure,
and risks of loss that may be greater than similar risks associated with loans made on the security of single-family residential property.
The ability of a borrower to repay a loan secured by an income-producing property typically is dependent primarily upon the successful
operation of such property rather than upon the existence of independent income or assets of the borrower. If the net operating income
of the property is reduced, the borrower’s ability to repay the loan may be impaired. Net operating income of an income-producing
property can be adversely affected by, among other things,
•
tenant
mix;
•
success
of tenant businesses;
•
property
management decisions;
•
property
location, condition and design;
•
competition
from comparable types of properties;
•
changes
in laws that increase operating expenses or limit rents that may be charged;
•
changes
in national, regional or local economic conditions and/or specific industry segments, including the credit and securitization markets;
•
declines
in regional or local real estate values;
•
declines
in regional or local rental or occupancy rates;
•
increases
in interest rates, real estate tax rates and other operating expenses;
•
costs
of remediation and liabilities associated with environmental conditions;
•
the
potential for uninsured or underinsured property losses;
•
changes
in governmental laws and regulations, including fiscal policies, zoning ordinances and environmental legislation and the related costs
of compliance; and
•
acts
of God, terrorist attacks, social unrest and civil disturbances.
In
the event of any default under a mortgage loan held directly by the Fund, the Fund will bear a risk of loss of principal to the extent
of any deficiency between the value of the collateral and the principal and accrued interest of the mortgage loan, which could have a
material adverse effect on the Fund’s cash flow from operations and limit amounts available for distribution to the Fund’s
Shareholders. In the event of the bankruptcy of a mortgage loan borrower, the mortgage loan to such borrower will be deemed to be secured
only to the extent of the value of the underlying collateral at the time of bankruptcy (as determined by the bankruptcy court), and the
lien securing the mortgage loan will be subject to the avoidance powers of the bankruptcy trustee or debtor-in-possession to the extent
the lien is unenforceable under state law. Foreclosure of a mortgage loan can be an expensive and lengthy process, which could have a
substantial negative effect on the Fund’s anticipated return on the foreclosed mortgage loan.
Duration
and Maturity Risk. The Fund has no fixed policy regarding portfolio maturity
or duration. Holding long duration and long maturity investments will expose the Fund to certain magnified risks. When interest rates
rise, certain obligations will be paid off by the issuers of debt investments more slowly than anticipated, causing the value of these
obligations to fall. Rising interest rates tend to extend the duration of securities, making them more sensitive to changes in interest
rates. The value of longer-term securities generally changes more in response to changes in interest rates than shorter-term securities.
As a result, in a period of rising interest rates, such as in recent years, securities may exhibit additional volatility and may
lose value.
When
interest rates fall, certain obligations will be paid off by the issuers of debt investments more quickly than originally anticipated,
and the Fund may have to invest the proceeds in securities with lower yields. In periods of falling interest rates, the rate of prepayments
tends to increase (as does price fluctuation) as issuers of debt instruments are motivated to pay off debt and refinance at new lower
rates. During such periods, reinvestment of the prepayment proceeds by the Advisor will generally be at lower rates of return than the
return on the assets that were prepaid. Prepayment reduces the yield to maturity and the average life of the security.
Distressed
and Defaulted Debt Risk. The Fund may invest, to a limited extent, in securities,
including loans purchased in the secondary market, that are the subject of bankruptcy proceedings or otherwise in default or at risk of
being in default as to the repayment of principal and/or interest at the time of acquisition by the Fund (“Distressed Debt”).
Investment in Distressed Debt is speculative and involves significant risks.
The
Fund may make such investments when the Advisors believe it is reasonably likely that the issuer of Distressed Debt will make an exchange
offer or will be the subject of a plan of reorganization pursuant to which the Fund will receive new securities in return for Distressed
Debt. There can be no assurance, however, that such an exchange offer will be made or that such a plan of reorganization will be adopted.
In addition, a significant period of time may pass between the time at which the Fund makes its investment in Distressed Debt and the
time that any such exchange offer or plan of reorganization is completed, if at all.
During
this period, it is unlikely that the Fund would receive any interest payments on the Distressed Debt, the Fund would be subject to significant
uncertainty whether the exchange offer or plan of reorganization will be completed and the Fund may be required to bear certain extraordinary
expenses to protect and recover its investment. Therefore, to the extent the Fund seeks capital appreciation through investment in Distressed
Debt, the Fund’s ability to achieve current income for its Shareholders may be diminished. The Fund also will be subject to significant
uncertainty as to when and in what manner and for what value the obligations evidenced by the Distressed Debt will eventually be satisfied
(e.g., through a liquidation of
the obligor’s assets, an exchange offer or plan of reorganization involving the Distressed Debt or a payment of some amount in satisfaction
of the obligation). Even if an exchange offer is made or plan of reorganization is adopted with respect to Distressed Debt held by the
Fund, there can be no assurance that the securities or other assets received by the Fund in connection with such exchange offer or plan
of reorganization will not have a lower value or income potential than may have been anticipated when the investment was made or no value.
Moreover, any securities received by the Fund upon completion of an exchange offer or plan of reorganization may be restricted as to resale.
Similarly, if the Fund participates in negotiations with respect to any exchange offer or plan of reorganization with respect to an issuer
of Distressed Debt, the Fund may be restricted from disposing of such securities. To the extent that the Fund becomes involved in such
proceedings, the Fund may have a more active participation in the affairs of the issuer than that assumed generally by an investor.
Credit
Risk. Credit risk is the risk that one or more loans or debt securities in
the Fund’s portfolio will decline in price or one or more Borrowers will fail to pay interest or principal when due because one
or more Borrowers experiences a decline in its financial condition. While a senior position in the capital structure of a Borrower may
provide some protection with respect to the Fund’s investments in Syndicated Loans, losses may still occur because the market value
of Syndicated Loans is affected by the creditworthiness of Borrowers and by general economic and specific industry conditions. To the
extent the Fund invests in below investment grade Corporate Bonds, Syndicated Loans or other investments, it will be exposed to a greater
amount of credit risk than a fund that invests in investment grade securities or loans. Typically, the prices of lower grade securities
or loans are more sensitive to negative developments, such as a decline in the Borrower’s revenues or a general economic downturn,
than are the prices of higher grade securities or loans.
Credit
Ratings Risk. Credit ratings represent only the opinion of a rating agency
with respect to the ability of a company to make principal and interest payments on its securities. In determining a credit rating, rating
agencies do not evaluate the risks of fluctuations in market value. Further, there may be limits on the effectiveness of the rating agencies’
financial models. For these and other reasons, a credit rating may not fully reflect the risks inherent in the relevant security. Further,
a rating agency may have a conflict of interest with respect to a security for which it assigns a particular rating. For example, if the
issuer or sponsor of a security pays a rating agency for the analysis of its security, a conflict of interest exists that could affect
the reliability of the rating. In addition, credit rating agencies may or may not make timely changes to a rating to reflect changes in
the economy or in the conditions of the issuer that affect the market value of the security. In other words, a security or an issuer may
maintain a certain credit rating even though conditions have deteriorated or improved since the rating was issued. Consequently, credit
ratings should not necessarily be relied upon as an indicator of investment quality. If a rating agency changes the rating assigned to
one or more of the Fund’s investments, the Fund is not required to sell the relevant securities.
Covenant
Breach Risk. A borrower may fail to satisfy financial or operating covenants
imposed by the Fund or other lenders, which could lead to defaults and, potentially, termination of its loans and foreclosure on its secured
assets, which could trigger cross-defaults under other agreements and jeopardize such company’s ability to meet its obligations
under the debt or equity securities that the Fund holds. The Fund may incur expenses to the extent necessary to seek recovery upon default
or to negotiate new terms, which may include the waiver of certain financial covenants, with a defaulting company.
Prepayment
Risk. During periods of declining interest rates, Borrowers may exercise their
option to prepay principal earlier than scheduled. For Corporate Bonds, such payments often occur during periods of declining interest
rates, which may require the Fund to reinvest in lower yielding securities, resulting in a possible decline in the Fund’s income
and dividends to Shareholders. This is known as prepayment or “call”
risk.
Below investment grade Corporate Bonds frequently have call features that allow the issuer to redeem the security at dates prior to its
stated maturity at a specified price (typically greater than the stated principal amount) only if certain prescribed conditions are met
(“Call Protection”). An issuer may redeem Corporate Bonds if, for example, the issuer can refinance the debt at a lower cost
due to declining interest rates or an improvement in the credit standing of the issuer. Fixed income securities may be purchased at prices
below or above their stated principal amount. For premium Corporate Bonds (Corporate Bonds acquired at prices that exceed their stated
principal amount), prepayment risk may be enhanced given that the Fund would lose the potential value of the yield-to-maturity of the
bonds in the event they are redeemed at the stated principal amount.
Syndicated
Loans and Subordinated Loans are subject to prepayment risk and typically do not have Call Protection. The degree to which Borrowers prepay
Syndicated Loans and Subordinated Loans, whether as a contractual requirement or at their election, may be affected by general business
conditions, the financial condition of the Borrower and competitive conditions among Syndicated Loan and Subordinated Loan investors,
among others. For these reasons, prepayments cannot be predicted with accuracy. Upon a prepayment, either in part or in full, the outstanding
debt from which the Fund derives interest income will be reduced. The Fund may not be able to reinvest the proceeds received on terms
as favorable as the prepaid loan.
Short
Sales Risk. A short sale is a transaction in which the Fund sells an instrument
that it does not own in anticipation that the market price will decline. To deliver the securities to the buyer, the Fund arranges through
a broker to borrow the securities and, in so doing, the Fund becomes obligated to replace the securities borrowed at their market price
at the time of replacement. When selling short, the Fund intends to replace the securities at a lower price and therefore profit from
the difference between the cost to replace the securities and the proceeds received from the sale of the securities. When the Fund makes
a short sale, the proceeds it receives from the sale will be held on behalf of a broker until the Fund replaces the borrowed securities.
The Fund may have to pay a premium to borrow the securities and must pay any dividends or interest payable on the securities until they
are replaced. The Fund’s obligation to replace the securities borrowed in connection with a short sale will be secured by collateral
deposited with the broker that consists of cash and/or liquid securities. Short sales involve certain risks and special considerations.
If the Fund incorrectly predicts that the price of the borrowed security will decline, the Fund will have to replace the securities with
securities with a greater value than the amount received from the sale. As a result, losses from short sales differ from losses that could
be incurred from a purchase of a security because losses from short sales may be unlimited, whereas losses from purchases can equal only
the total amount invested.
No
Control Over Portfolio Companies. The Fund does not expect to control most
of its portfolio companies, although its debt agreements with such portfolio companies may contain certain restrictive covenants. As a
result, the Fund is subject to the risk that a portfolio company in which it invests may make business decisions with which it disagrees
and the management of such company, as representatives of the holders of its common equity, may take risks or otherwise act in ways that
do not serve the Fund’s interests as a debt investor. A portfolio company may make decisions that could decrease the value of the
Fund’s portfolio holdings. The Fund may not be able to dispose of its interests in its portfolio companies as readily as it would
like or at an appropriate valuation, if it invests in non-traded companies. In addition, where the Fund is entitled to occupy a seat on
the board of a portfolio company, such involvement may prevent the Fund from freely disposing of its debt investments and may subject
the Fund to additional liability or result in re-characterization of its debt investments as equity.
Mezzanine
Investments Risk. The Fund may invest in mezzanine debt instruments, which
are expected to be unsecured and made in companies with capital structures having significant indebtedness ranking ahead of the investments,
all or a significant portion of which may be secured. While the investments may benefit from the same or similar financial and other covenants
as those applicable to the indebtedness ranking ahead of the investments and may benefit from cross-default provisions and security over
the company’s assets, some or all of such terms may not be part of particular investments and the mezzanine debt will be subordinated
in recovery to senior classes of debt in the event of a default. Mezzanine investments generally are subject to various risks, including,
without limitation: (i) a subsequent characterization of an investment as a “fraudulent conveyance”; (ii) the recovery
as a “preference” of liens
perfected
or payments made on account of a debt in the 90 days before a bankruptcy filing; (iii) equitable subordination claims by other
creditors; (iv) so-called “lender liability” claims by the issuer of the obligations; and (v) environmental liabilities
that may arise with respect to any collateral securing the obligations.
Convertible
Securities Risk. Convertible securities are bonds, debentures, notes, preferred
stocks or other securities that may be converted into or exchanged for a specified amount of common stock or other equity security of
the same or a different issuer within a particular period of time at a specified price or formula. A convertible security entitles its
holder to receive interest that is generally paid or accrued on debt or a dividend that is paid or accrued on preferred stock until the
convertible security matures or is redeemed, converted or exchanged. Convertible securities have unique investment characteristics in
that they generally: (i) have higher yields than common stocks, but lower yields than comparable non-convertible securities; (ii) are
less subject to fluctuation in value than the underlying common stock due to their fixed-income characteristics; and (iii) provide
the potential for capital appreciation if the market price of the underlying common stock increases.
The
value of a convertible security is a function of its “investment value,” or determined by its yield in comparison with the
yields of other securities of comparable maturity and quality that do not have a conversion privilege, and its “conversion value,”
or the security’s worth, at market value, if converted into the underlying common stock. The investment value of a convertible security
is influenced by changes in interest rates, with investment value declining as interest rates increase and increasing as interest rates
decline. The credit standing of the issuer and other factors also may have an effect on the convertible security’s investment value.
The conversion value of a convertible security is determined by the market price of the underlying common stock. If the conversion value
is low relative to the investment value, the price of the convertible security is governed principally by its investment value. To the
extent the market price of the underlying common stock approaches or exceeds the conversion price, the price of the convertible security
will be increasingly influenced by its conversion value. A convertible security generally will sell at a premium over its conversion value
by the extent to which investors place value on the right to acquire the underlying common stock while holding a fixed-income security.
Generally, the amount of the premium decreases as the convertible security approaches maturity. Although under normal market conditions
longer-term convertible debt securities have greater yields than do shorter-term convertible debt securities of similar quality, they
are subject to greater price fluctuations.
A
convertible security may be subject to redemption at the option of the issuer at a price established in the convertible security’s
governing instrument. If a convertible security held by the Fund is called for redemption, the Fund will be required to permit the issuer
to redeem the security, convert it into the underlying common stock or sell it to a third party. Any of these actions could have an adverse
effect on the Fund’s ability to achieve its investment objective.
Equity
Securities Risk. The value of equity securities, including common stocks, preferred
stocks and convertible stocks, will fluctuate in response to factors affecting the particular company, as well as broader market and economic
conditions. Moreover, in the event of a company’s bankruptcy, claims of certain creditors, including bondholders, will have priority
over claims of holders of common stock and are likely to have varying types of priority over holders of preferred and convertible stock.
Equity
markets may experience significant short-term volatility and may fall sharply at times. Different markets may behave differently from
each other and U.S. equity markets may move in the opposite direction from one or more foreign stock markets. Adverse events in any part
of the equity or fixed-income markets may have unexpected negative effects on other market segments. The prices of individual equity securities
generally do not all move in the same direction at the same time and a variety of factors can affect the price of a particular company’s
securities. These factors may include, but are not limited to, poor earnings reports, a loss of customers, litigation against the company,
general unfavorable performance of the company’s sector or industry, or changes in government regulations affecting the company
or its industry.
Risks
Associated with Investments in Equity Securities Incidental to Investments in Syndicated Loans.
Investments in equity securities incidental to investments in Syndicated Loans or other debt instruments entail certain risks in addition
to those associated with investments in Syndicated Loans or other debt
instruments.
Because equity is merely the residual value of a Borrower after all claims and other interests, it is inherently more risky than Syndicated
Loans or other debt instruments of the same Borrower. The value of the equity securities may be affected more rapidly, and to a greater
extent, by company- and industry-specific developments and general market conditions. These risks may increase fluctuations in the NAV
of the common shares. The Fund frequently may possess material non-public information about a Borrower as a result of its ownership of
a Syndicated Loan or other debt instruments of a Borrower. Because of prohibitions on trading in securities while in possession of material
non-public information, the Fund might be unable to enter into a transaction in a security of the Borrower when it would otherwise be
advantageous to do so.
Dividends. The
Fund may invest in equity securities from time to time. Dividends relating to these equity securities may not be fixed, but may be declared
at the discretion of a portfolio company’s board of directors. There is no guarantee that a company in which the Fund invests will
declare dividends in the future or that, if declared, the dividends will remain at current levels or increase over time.
Derivatives
Risk.
The
Fund’s use of derivative instruments involves investment risks and transaction costs to which the Fund would not be subject absent
the use of these instruments and, accordingly, may result in losses greater than if they had not been used. The use of derivative instruments
may have risks including, among others, leverage risk, market risk, volatility risk, duration mismatch risk, correlation risk, counterparty
risk, market liquidity risk, fund liquidity risk and legal and operational risk.
Swap
Agreements Risk. The
Fund may enter into swap agreements, including interest rate and index swap agreements, for hedging purposes, as a form of leverage or
to seek to obtain a particular desired return at a lower cost to the Fund than if the Fund had invested directly in an instrument yielding
the desired return. Swap agreements are often two party contracts entered into primarily by institutional investors for periods ranging
from a few weeks to more than one year. In a typical “swap” transaction, two parties agree to exchange the returns (or differentials
in rates of return) earned or realized on particular predetermined investments or instruments. Some swaps may be subject to central clearing
and exchange trading. Whether the Fund’s use of swap agreements will be successful in furthering its investment objective will depend
on the Advisors’ ability to correctly predict whether certain types of investments are likely to produce greater returns than other
investments. Because they are two party contracts and because they may have terms of greater than seven days, some swap agreements may
be considered by the Fund to be illiquid. Moreover, the Fund bears the risk of loss of the amount expected to be received under a swap
agreement in the event of the default or bankruptcy of a bi-lateral swap agreement counterparty. The Fund may seek to reduce this risk
to some extent by entering into a transaction only if the counterparty meets the Advisors’ current credit standards for OTC option
counterparties. In the case of a cleared swap, the Fund bears the risk that the clearinghouse may default. Swap agreements also bear the
risk that the Fund will not be able to meet its payment obligations to the counterparty. Restrictions imposed by the tax rules applicable
to RICs may limit the Fund’s ability to use swap agreements. It is possible that developments in the swap market, including further
government regulation, could adversely affect the Fund’s ability to enter into or terminate swap agreements or to realize amounts
to be received under these agreements. Swap transactions may involve substantial leverage.
The
Fund may enter into credit default swap agreements and similar agreements, and may also buy credit-linked securities. Credit default swaps
are often structured with significant leverage and may be considered speculative. The credit default swap agreement or similar instrument
may have as reference obligations one or more securities that are not currently held by the Fund. The protection “buyer” in
a credit default contract may be obligated to pay the protection “seller” an upfront payment or a periodic stream of payments
over the term of the contract provided generally that no credit event on a reference obligation has occurred. If a credit event occurs,
the seller generally must pay the buyer the “par value” (full notional value) of the swap in exchange for an equal
face amount of deliverable obligations of the reference entity described in the swap, or the seller may be required to deliver the related
net cash amount, if the swap is cash settled. The Fund may be either the buyer or seller in the transaction. If the Fund is a buyer and
no credit event occurs, the Fund recovers nothing if the swap is held through its termination date. However, if a credit event occurs,
the Fund may elect to receive the full notional value of the swap in exchange for an
equal
face amount of deliverable obligations of the reference entity that may have little or no value. As a seller, the Fund generally receives
an upfront payment or a fixed rate of income throughout the term of the swap, which typically is between six months and three years,
provided that there is no credit event. If a credit event occurs, generally the seller must pay the buyer the full notional value of the
swap in exchange for an equal face amount of deliverable obligations of the reference entity that may have little or no value.
Swaptions
Risk. The Fund, to the extent permitted under applicable law, may enter into
“swaptions”, which are options on swap agreements on either an asset-based or liability-based basis. A swaption is a contract
that gives a counterparty the right (but not the obligation) to enter into a new swap agreement or to shorten, extend, cancel or otherwise
modify an existing swap agreement, at some designated future time on specified terms. The Fund may write (sell) and purchase put and call
swaptions. Depending on the terms of the particular option agreement, the Fund generally will incur a greater degree of risk when it writes
a swaption than it will incur when it purchases a swaption. When the Fund purchases a swaption, it risks losing only the amount of the
premium it has paid should it decide to let the option expire unexercised. When the Fund writes a swaption, upon exercise of the option,
the Fund will become obligated according to the terms of the underlying agreement.
Credit-Linked
Securities Risk. Among the income producing securities in which the Fund may
invest are credit-linked securities, which generally are issued by a limited purpose trust or other vehicle that, in turn, invests in
a Derivative instrument or basket of Derivative instruments, such as credit default swaps, interest rate swaps and other securities, in
order to provide exposure to certain fixed income markets. For instance, the Fund may invest in credit-linked securities as a cash management
tool in order to gain exposure to a certain market and/or to remain fully invested when more traditional income producing securities are
not available.
Like
an investment in a bond, investments in credit-linked securities generally represent the right to receive periodic income payments (in
the form of dividends) and payment of principal at the end of the term of the security. However, these payments are conditioned on the
issuer’s receipt of payments from, and the issuer’s potential obligations to, the counterparties to the Derivative instruments
and other securities in which the issuer invests. For instance, the issuer may sell one or more credit default swaps, under which the
issuer would receive a stream of payments over the term of the swap agreements provided that no event of default has occurred with respect
to the referenced debt obligation upon which the swap is based. If a default occurs, the stream of payments may stop and the issuer would
be obligated to pay the counterparty the par (or other agreed upon value) of the referenced debt obligation. This, in turn, would reduce
the amount of income and principal that the Fund would receive as an investor in the issuer. The Fund’s investments in these instruments
are indirectly subject to the risks associated with Derivatives, including, among others, credit risk and leverage risk. There may be
no established trading market for these securities and they may constitute illiquid investments.
Structured
Products Risk.
General. The
Fund may invest in structured products, including, without limitation, investment grade rated CLO Debt Securities and structured notes.
Holders of structured products bear risks of the underlying investments, index or reference obligation and are subject to counterparty
risk.
The
Fund may have the right to receive payments only from the structured product, and generally does not have direct rights against the issuer
or the entity that sold the assets to be securitized. While certain structured products enable the investor to acquire interests in a
pool of securities without the brokerage and other expenses associated with directly holding the same assets, investors in structured
products generally pay their share of the structured product’s administrative and other expenses. Although it is difficult to predict
whether the prices of indices and securities underlying structured products will rise or fall, these prices (and, therefore, the prices
of structured products) will be influenced by the same types of political and economic events that affect issuers of securities and capital
markets generally. If the issuer of a structured product uses shorter-term financing to purchase longer term securities, the issuer may
be forced to sell its securities at below market prices if it experiences difficulty in obtaining short-term financing, which may adversely
affect the value of the structured products owned by the Fund.
Investments
in structured products involve risks, including credit risk and market risk. Certain structured products may be thinly traded or
have a limited trading market. Where the Fund’s investments in structured
products
are based upon the movement of one or more factors, including currency exchange rates, interest rates, reference bonds and share indices,
depending on the factor used and the use of multipliers or deflators, changes in interest rates and movement of the factor may cause significant
price fluctuations. Additionally, changes in the reference instrument or security may cause the interest rate on the structured product
to be reduced to zero, and any further changes in the reference instrument may then reduce the principal amount payable on maturity. Structured
products may be less liquid than other types of securities and more volatile than the reference instrument or security underlying the
product.
The
Fund may invest in structured products collateralized by below investment grade or distressed loans or securities. Investments in such
structured products are subject to the risks associated with below investment grade securities. Such securities are characterized by high
risk. It is likely that an economic recession could severely disrupt the market for such securities and may have an adverse impact on
the value of such securities.
Collateralized
Debt Obligations. Cash flows in a CDO are split into two or more tranches,
with differing payment characteristics, credit ratings, risks, and yield. The rated tranches of CDO debt securities are generally assigned
credit ratings by one or more NRSROs. Residual tranches are the most junior and are not rated. The Fund will not invest in residual tranches
and will invest only in rated tranches of CDO debt securities. CDO debt securities are limited recourse and may not be paid in full and
may be subject to up to a 100% loss. The riskiest portion is the “equity” tranche, which bears the first loss from defaults
from the underlying pool of bonds and serves to protect the other, more senior tranches from default (though such protection is not complete).
Since it is partially protected from defaults, a senior tranche from a CDO typically has higher ratings and lower yields than its underlying
securities, and may be rated investment grade. Despite the protection from the equity tranche, CDO tranches can experience substantial
losses due to actual defaults, downgrades of the underlying collateral by rating agencies, forced liquidation of the collateral pool due
to a failure of coverage tests, increased sensitivity to defaults due to collateral default and disappearance of protecting tranches,
market anticipation of defaults as well as investor aversion to CDO securities as a class. CDOs carry additional risks including, but
not limited to: (i) the possibility that distributions from collateral securities may not be adequate to make interest or other payments;
(ii) the risk that the collateral may default or decline in value or be downgraded, if rated by an NRSRO; (iii) the Fund is
likely to invest in tranches of CDOs that are subordinate to other tranches; (iv) the structure and complexity of the transaction
and the legal documents could lead to disputes among investors regarding the characterization of proceeds; (v) the investment return
achieved by the Fund could be significantly different than those predicted by financial models; (vi) the lack of a readily available
secondary market for CDOs; (vii) the risk of forced “fire sale” liquidations due to technical defaults such as coverage
test failures; and (viii) the CDO’s manager may perform poorly.
Risk
of Leveraged Loan Market Price Decline. Prior to the onset of the financial
crisis, CLOs holding corporate loans, hedge funds and other highly leveraged investment vehicles comprised a substantial portion of the
market for purchasing and holding first and second lien secured loans. As the secondary market pricing of the loans underlying these portfolios
deteriorated during the fourth quarter of 2008, it is the Fund’s understanding that many investors, as a result of their generally
high degrees of leverage, were forced to raise cash by selling their interests in performing loans to satisfy margin requirements or the
equivalent of margin requirements imposed by their lenders. This resulted in a forced deleveraging cycle of price declines, compulsory
sales and further price declines, with widespread redemption requests and other constraints resulting from the credit crisis generating
further selling pressure.
Conditions
in the leveraged loan market may experience similar disruption or deterioration, which may cause pricing levels to similarly decline or
be volatile. As a result, the Fund may suffer unrealized depreciation and could incur realized losses in connection with the sale of the
Fund’s syndicated loans, which could have a material adverse impact on the Fund’s business, financial condition and results
of operations.
When-Issued
Securities and Forward Commitments. Securities may be purchased on a “forward
commitment” or “when-issued” basis, meaning securities are purchased or sold with payment and delivery taking place
in the future, to secure what is considered to be an advantageous price and yield at the time of entering into the transaction. However,
the return on a comparable security when the transaction is
consummated
may vary from the return on the security at the time that the forward commitment or when-issued transaction was made. From the time of
entering into the transaction until delivery and payment is made at a later date, the securities that are the subject of the transaction
are subject to market fluctuations. In forward commitment or when-issued transactions, if the seller or buyer, as the case may be, fails
to consummate the transaction, the counterparty may miss the opportunity of obtaining a price or yield considered to be advantageous.
Forward commitment or when-issued transactions may occur a month or more before delivery is due. However, no payment or delivery is made
until payment is received or delivery is made from the other party to the transaction.
Repurchase
Agreements and Reverse Repurchase Agreements Risk. Repurchase agreements carry
certain risks not associated with direct investments in securities, including a possible decline in the market value of the underlying
obligations. If their value becomes less than the repurchase price, plus any agreed-upon additional amount, the counterparty must provide
additional collateral so that at all times the collateral is at least equal to the repurchase price plus any agreed-upon additional amount.
The difference between the total amount to be received upon repurchase of the obligations and the price that was paid by the Fund upon
acquisition is accrued as interest and included in its net investment income.
Repurchase
agreements involving obligations other than U.S. Government securities (such as commercial paper and Corporate Bonds) may be subject to
special risks and may not have the benefit of certain protections in the event of the counterparty’s insolvency. In the event of
the bankruptcy or other default of a seller of a repurchase agreement, the Fund could experience both delays in liquidating the underlying
securities and losses, including (i) possible decline in the value of the underlying security during the period in which the Fund
seeks to enforce its rights thereto; (ii) possible lack of access to income on the underlying security during this period; and (iii) expenses
of enforcing its rights.
Reverse
repurchase agreements involve the risk that the buyer of the securities sold by the Fund might be unable to deliver them when the Fund
seeks to repurchase. In the event that the buyer of securities under a reverse repurchase agreement files for bankruptcy or becomes insolvent,
the buyer, trustee or receiver may receive an extension of time to determine whether to enforce the Fund’s obligation to repurchase
the securities, and the Fund’s use of the proceeds of the reverse repurchase agreement may effectively be restricted pending such
decision.
U.S.
Government Debt Securities Risk. U.S. Government debt securities historically
have not involved the credit risks associated with investments in other types of debt securities, although, as a result, the yields available
from U.S. Government debt securities are generally lower than the yields available from other securities. Like other debt securities,
however, the values of U.S. Government securities change as interest rates fluctuate and in 2011 the credit rating of the United States
was downgraded. Fluctuations in the value of portfolio securities will not affect interest income on existing portfolio securities but
will be reflected in the Fund’s NAV. Because the magnitude of these fluctuations will generally be greater at times when the Fund’s
average maturity is longer, under certain market conditions, the Fund may, for temporary defensive purposes, accept lower current income
from short-term investments rather than investing in higher yielding long-term securities.
Counterparty
Risk. The Fund’s investments may be exposed to the credit risk of the
counterparties with which, or the dealers, brokers and exchanges through which, the Fund deals, whether in exchange-traded or OTC transactions.
The Fund may be subject to the risk of loss of Fund assets on deposit or being settled or cleared with a broker in the event of the broker’s
bankruptcy, the bankruptcy of any clearing broker through which the broker executes and clears transactions on behalf of the Fund, the
bankruptcy of an exchange clearing house or the bankruptcy of any other counterparty. In the case of any such bankruptcy, it is expected
that all securities and other assets deposited with such broker or dealer will be clearly identified as being assets of the Fund and the
Fund should not be exposed to a credit risk with regard to such parties. However, it may not always be possible to achieve this and the
Fund might recover, even in respect of property specifically traceable to the Fund, only a pro rata
share of all property available for distribution to all of the counterparty’s customers and counterparties. Such an amount may be
less than the amounts owed to the Fund. Such events would have an adverse effect on the Fund’s NAV.
Liquidity
Risk. The Fund generally considers “illiquid securities” to be
securities or loans that cannot be sold within seven days in the ordinary course of business at approximately the value used by the Fund
in determining its NAV. The Fund may not be able to readily dispose of such securities or loans at prices that
approximate
those at which the Fund could sell the securities or loans if they were more widely traded and, as a result of that illiquidity, the Fund
may have to sell other investments or engage in borrowing transactions if necessary to raise cash to meet its obligations. Limited liquidity
can also affect the market price of securities, thereby adversely affecting the Fund’s NAV and ability to make dividend distributions.
Some
Syndicated Loans are not readily marketable and may be subject to restrictions on resale. Syndicated Loans generally are not listed on
any national securities exchange and no active trading market may exist for the Syndicated Loans in which the Fund may invest. When a
secondary market exists, if at all, the market for some Syndicated Loans may be subject to irregular trading activity, wide bid/ask spreads
and extended trade settlement periods. The Fund has no limitation on the amount of its assets that may be invested in securities that
are not readily marketable or are subject to restrictions on resale.
Valuation
Risk. Where possible, the Advisor utilizes independent pricing services to
value certain portfolio instruments at their market value. If the pricing services are unable to provide a market value or if a significant
event occurs such that the valuation(s) provided are deemed unreliable, the Advisor may value portfolio instrument(s) at their fair value,
which is generally the amount an owner might reasonably expect to receive upon a current sale. Valuation risks associated with investing
in Syndicated Loans including, but not limited to: a limited number of market participants compared to publicly traded investment grade
securities, a lack of publicly available information about some borrowers, resale restrictions, settlement delays, corporate actions and
adverse market conditions may make it difficult to value or sell such instruments.
A
large percentage of the Fund’s portfolio investments are not publicly traded. The fair value of investments that are not publicly
traded may not be readily determinable. The Advisor values these investments at fair value as determined in good faith. The types of factors
that may be considered in valuing the Fund’s investments include the enterprise value of the portfolio company (the entire value
of the portfolio company to a market participant, including the sum of the values of debt and equity securities used to capitalize the
enterprise at a point in time), the nature and realizable value of any collateral, the portfolio company’s ability to make payments
and its earnings and discounted cash flows, the markets in which the portfolio company does business, a comparison of the portfolio company’s
securities to similar publicly traded securities, changes in the interest rate environment and the credit markets generally that may affect
the price at which similar investments would trade in their principal markets and other relevant factors. When an external event such
as a purchase transaction, public offering or subsequent equity sale occurs, the Advisor considers the pricing indicated by the external
event to corroborate the Advisor’s valuation. Because such valuations, and particularly valuations of private investments and private
companies, are inherently uncertain, may fluctuate over short periods of time and may be based on estimates, the Advisor’s determinations
of fair value may differ materially from the values that would have been used if a ready market for these investments existed and may
differ materially from the values that the Fund may ultimately realize. The Fund’s NAV per share could be adversely affected if
the Advisor’s determinations regarding the fair value of these investments are higher than the values that the Fund realizes upon
disposition of such investments.
Leverage
Risk. The Fund intends to utilize leverage and may utilize leverage to the
maximum extent permitted by law for investment and other general corporate purposes. The Fund may obtain leverage by issuing preferred
shares and/or notes and it may also borrow funds from banks and other financial institutions. The Fund may also gain leverage synthetically
through swaps and other Derivatives. The use of leverage to purchase additional securities creates an opportunity for increased Share
dividends, but also creates risks for the Fund’s Shareholders, including increased variability of the Fund’s net income, distributions,
NAV of its Shares in relation to market changes. Leverage is a speculative technique that exposes the Fund to greater risk and increased
costs than if it were not implemented. Increases and decreases in the value of the Fund’s portfolio will be magnified if the Fund
uses leverage. In particular, leverage may magnify interest rate risk, which is the risk that the prices of portfolio securities will
fall (or rise) if market interest rates for those types of securities rise (or fall). As a result, leverage may cause greater changes
in the Fund’s NAV, which will be borne entirely by the Fund’s Shareholders, and in the price at which its Shares trade in
the secondary market. To the extent that the Fund makes investments in Syndicated Loans or other debt instruments structured with floors
based on LIBOR, SOFR, or another reference rate, the Fund will not realize additional income if rates increase during periods when LIBOR,
SOFR,
or another reference rate remains below the applicable floor but the Fund’s cost of financing is expected to increase, resulting
in the potential for a decrease in the level of income available for dividends or distributions made by the Fund. If the Fund issues preferred
shares, such as the MRP Shares, and/or notes or engages in other borrowings, it will have to pay dividends on its preferred shares or
interest on its notes or borrowings, which will increase expenses and may reduce the Fund’s return. These dividend payments or interest
expenses (which will be borne entirely by Shareholders) may be greater than the Fund’s return on the underlying investments. The
Fund’s leveraging strategy, if utilized, may not be successful.
The
Fund may issue preferred shares and/or notes or other forms of indebtedness as a form of leverage. These means of obtaining leverage would
be senior to the Fund’s Shares, such that holders of preferred shares and/or notes or other Fund indebtedness would have priority
over the Shareholders in the distribution of the Fund’s assets, including dividends, distributions of principal and liquidating
distributions. If preferred shares are issued and outstanding, holders of preferred shares would vote together with the holders of Shares
on all matters, including the election of trustees. Additionally, holders of preferred shares would have the right separately to elect
two trustees of the Fund, voting separately as a class, and would vote separately as a class on certain matters which may at times give
holders of preferred shares disproportionate influence over the Fund’s affairs. If the preferred shares were limited in their term,
redemptions of such preferred shares would require the Fund to liquidate its investments and would reduce the Fund’s use of leverage,
which could negatively impact Shareholders. Because the Fund has issued Preferred Shares and has issued other forms of indebtedness, its
ability to make distributions to its Shareholders is limited by the asset coverage requirements and other limitations imposed by the 1940
Act and the terms of the Fund’s indebtedness.
As
a closed-end management investment company, the Fund is permitted, under specified conditions, to issue senior securities that are stock
if the Fund’s asset coverage, as defined in the 1940 Act, is at least equal to 200% immediately after issuance. As defined in the
1940 Act, asset coverage of 200% means that for every $100 of net assets the Fund holds, the Fund may raise $100 from issuing senior securities.
Under the 1940 Act, the preferred stock the Fund issues, including the MRP Shares, will constitute a “senior security” for
purposes of the 200% asset coverage test. In addition, while any senior securities remain outstanding, the Fund will be required to make
provisions to prohibit any dividend distribution to the Fund’s shareholders or the repurchase of such securities or shares unless
the Fund meets the applicable asset coverage ratios at the time of the distribution or repurchase after giving effect to the distribution
or repurchase. The Fund is also permitted to borrow amounts up to 5% of the value of the Fund’s total assets for temporary purposes
without regard to asset coverage, which borrowings would not be considered senior securities, provided that any such borrowings in excess
of 5% of the value of the Fund’s total assets would be subject to the asset coverage ratio requirements of the 1940 Act, even if
for temporary purposes.
Under
the 1940 Act, the Fund is permitted to incur greater effective leverage through the use of preferred stock than through the use of debt.
As a result of the Fund’s issuance of the MRP Shares, the risk of the Fund incurring additional losses from its use of leverage
is further heightened. The Fund may also choose to add leverage through the issuance of additional Preferred Shares.
The
Fund will pay (and Shareholders will bear) all costs and expenses relating to the issuance and ongoing maintenance of any preferred shares
and/or notes or other forms of indebtedness issued by the Fund, including higher advisory fees. As a result, the Fund cannot assure you
that the issuance of preferred shares and/or notes or other forms of indebtedness will provide a higher yield or return to the holders
of the Fund’s Shares. If the Fund offers and/or issues preferred shares and/or notes or other forms of indebtedness, the costs of
the offering will be borne immediately by the Fund’s Shareholders and result in a reduction of the NAV of the Fund’s Shares.
The
Fund anticipates that any money borrowed from a bank or other financial institution for investment purposes will accrue interest based
on shorter-term interest rates that would be periodically reset. So long as the Fund’s portfolio provides a higher rate of return,
net of expenses, than the interest rate on borrowed money, as reset periodically, the leverage may cause Shareholders to receive a higher
current rate of return than if the Fund were not leveraged. If, however, long-term and/or short-term rates rise, the interest rate on
borrowed money could exceed the rate of return on securities held by the Fund, reducing returns to Shareholders. Developments in the credit
markets may adversely affect the ability of the Fund to borrow for investment purposes and may increase the costs of such borrowings,
which would reduce returns to Shareholders.
There
is no assurance that a leveraging strategy will be successful. Leverage involves risks and special considerations for Shareholders, including:
•
the
likelihood of greater volatility of NAV and dividend rate of Shares than a comparable portfolio without leverage;
•
the
risk that fluctuations in interest rates on borrowings or in dividend payments on, principal proceeds distributed to, or redemption of
any preferred shares and/or notes or other forms of indebtedness that the Fund has issued will reduce the return to the Shareholders;
•
the
effect of leverage in a declining market, which is likely to cause a greater decline in the NAV of the Fund’s Shares than if the
Fund were not leveraged;
•
when
the Fund uses financial leverage, the investment advisory fees payable to the Advisors will be higher than if the Fund did not use leverage,
and may provide a financial incentive to the Advisors to increase the Fund’s use of leverage and create an inherent conflict of
interest; and
•
leverage
may increase expenses (which will be borne entirely by Shareholders), which may reduce total return.
If
the Fund issues preferred shares and/or notes or other forms of indebtedness, the Fund may be subject to certain restrictions on investments
imposed by the guidelines of one or more rating agencies, which may issue ratings for the preferred shares and/or notes or short-term
debt securities issued by the Fund, or may be subject to covenants or other restrictions imposed by its lenders. These guidelines may
impose asset coverage or portfolio composition requirements that are more stringent than those imposed by the 1940 Act. Certain types
of borrowings by the Fund may result in the Fund being subject to covenants relating to asset coverage and portfolio composition requirements.
These covenants and restrictions may negatively affect the Fund’s ability to achieve its investment objective. The Fund is subject
to certain requirements described above in connection with its issuance of the MRP Shares.
Effects
of Leverage. The table below assumes that the Fund’s continued use of
Preferred Shares represents approximately 11.48% of the Fund’s Managed Assets, borrowings represent approximately 18.87% of the
Fund’s Managed Assets as of March 31, 2023 and the Fund bears expenses relating to such Preferred Shares and borrowings at
annual effective stated interest rates of 2.98% and 6.16%,
respectively (based on dividend rates for such Preferred Shares and interest rates for such borrowings as of a recent date). The table
below also assumes that the annual return that the Fund’s portfolio must experience (net of expenses not related to Preferred Shares
or borrowings) in order to cover the costs of such leverage would be approximately 1.42%. These figures are estimates based on current
market conditions, used for illustration purposes only. Actual expenses associated with Preferred Shares and borrowings used by the Fund
may vary frequently and may be significantly higher or lower than the rate used for the example above.
The
following table is designed to illustrate the effects of the Fund’s leverage due to senior securities on corresponding Share total
return, assuming investment portfolio total returns (consisting of income and changes in the value of investments held in the Fund’s
portfolio) of -10%, -5%, 0%, 5% and 10%.
These assumed investment portfolio returns are hypothetical figures and are not necessarily indicative of the investment portfolio returns
expected to be experienced by the Fund. Your actual returns may be greater or less than those appearing below.
|
Assumed
Return on Portfolio |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
(Net
of Expenses not related to Preferred Shares or borrowings) |
|
|
|
|
(10.00)% |
|
|
|
|
|
(5.00)% |
|
|
|
|
|
0.00% |
|
|
|
|
|
5.00% |
|
|
|
|
|
10.00% |
|
|
|
Corresponding
Share Total Return |
|
|
|
|
(17.24)% |
|
|
|
|
|
(9.69)% |
|
|
|
|
|
(2.14)% |
|
|
|
|
|
5.40% |
|
|
|
|
|
12.95% |
|
|
Corresponding
Share total return is composed of two elements — the Share dividends paid by the Fund (the amount of which is largely
determined by the net investment income of the Fund after paying dividends on Preferred Shares and interest expenses on the Fund’s
borrowings) and gains or losses on the value of the securities the Fund owns.
Warrants
Risk. Warrants give holders the right, but not the obligation, to buy common
stock of an issuer at a given price, usually higher than the market price at the time of issuance, during a specified period. The risk
of investing in a warrant is that the warrant may expire prior to the market value of the common stock exceeding the price fixed by the
warrant. Warrants have a subordinate claim on a borrower’s assets compared with Syndicated Loans. As a result, the values of warrants
generally are dependent on the financial condition of the borrower and less dependent on fluctuations in interest rates than are the values
of many debt securities. The values of warrants may be more volatile than those of Syndicated Loans or Corporate Bonds and this may increase
the volatility of the NAV of the common shares.
Contingent
Liabilities. From
time to time the Fund may incur contingent liabilities in connection with an investment. For example, the Fund may purchase a revolving
credit facility from a lender that has not yet been fully drawn. If the borrower subsequently draws down on the facility, the Fund would
be obligated to fund the amounts due. The Fund may also enter into agreements pursuant to which it agrees to assume responsibility for
default risk presented by a third party, and may, on the other hand, enter into agreements through which third parties offer default protection
to the Fund.
Cost
of Capital and Net Investment Income Risk. If the Fund uses debt to finance
investments, its net investment income may depend, in part, upon the difference between the rate at which it borrows funds and the rate
at which it invests those funds. As a result, the Fund can offer no assurance that a significant change in market interest rates will
not have a material adverse effect on the Fund’s net investment income. In periods of rising interest rates when it has debt outstanding,
the Fund’s cost of funds will increase, which could reduce the Fund’s net investment income. The Fund may use interest rate
risk management techniques in an effort to limit its exposure to interest rate fluctuations. These techniques may include various interest
rate hedging activities to the extent permitted by the 1940 Act. These activities may limit its ability to participate in the benefits
of lower interest rates with respect to the hedged portfolio. Adverse developments resulting from changes in interest rates or hedging
transactions could have a material adverse effect on the Fund’s business, financial condition and results of operations.
A
rise in the general level of interest rates can be expected to lead to higher interest rates applicable to the Fund’s debt investments,
particularly to the extent that it holds floating rate debt securities. Accordingly, an increase in interest rates would make it easier
for the Fund to meet or exceed the Incentive Fee hurdle rate and may result in a substantial increase to the amount of Incentive Fees
payable to the Advisors with respect to pre-incentive fee net investment income. See “Management and Incentive Fees.”
Distressed
Investments, Litigation, Bankruptcy and Other Proceedings Risk. Investments
in distressed securities involve a material risk of involving the Fund in a related litigation. Such litigation can be time consuming
and expensive, and can frequently lead to unpredicted delays or losses. Litigation expenses, including payments pursuant to settlements
or judgments, generally will be borne by the Fund.
There
are a number of significant risks when investing in companies involved in bankruptcy or other reorganization proceedings, and many events
in a bankruptcy are the product of contested matters and adversary proceedings which are beyond the control of the creditors. A bankruptcy
filing may have adverse and permanent effects on a company. Further, if the proceeding is converted to a liquidation, the liquidation
value of the company may not equal the liquidation value that was believed to exist at the time of the investment. In addition, the duration
of a bankruptcy or other reorganization proceeding is difficult to predict. A creditor’s return on investment can be impacted adversely
by delays while a plan of reorganization is being negotiated, approved by the creditors and, if applicable, confirmed by the bankruptcy
court, and until it ultimately becomes effective. In bankruptcy, certain claims, such as claims for taxes, wages and certain trade claims,
may have priority by law over the claims of certain creditors and administrative costs in connection with a bankruptcy proceeding are
frequently high and will be paid out of the debtor’s estate prior to any return to creditors.
Certain
fixed-income securities invested in by the Fund could be subject to U.S. federal, state or non-U.S. bankruptcy laws or fraudulent transfer
or conveyance laws, if such securities were issued with the intent of hindering, delaying or defrauding creditors or, in certain circumstances,
if the issuer receives less than reasonably equivalent value or fair consideration in return for issuing such securities. If a court were
to find that the issuance of the securities was a fraudulent transfer or conveyance, the court could void the payment obligations under
the securities, further subordinate the securities to other existing and future
indebtedness
of the issuer or require the Fund to repay any amounts received by it with respect to the securities. In the event of a finding that a
fraudulent transfer or conveyance occurred, the Fund may not receive any payment on the securities. If the Fund or the Advisors is found
to have interfered with the affairs of a company in which the Fund holds a debt investment, to the detriment of other creditors or common
shareholders of such company, the Fund may be held liable for damages to injured parties or a bankruptcy court. While the Fund will attempt
to avoid taking the types of action that would lead to such liability, there can be no assurance that such claims will not be asserted
or that the Fund will be able to successfully defend against them. Moreover, such debt may be disallowed or subordinated to the claims
of other creditors or treated as equity.
Insofar
as the Fund’s portfolio includes obligations of non-United States obligors, the laws of certain foreign jurisdictions may provide
for avoidance remedies under factual circumstances similar to those described above or under different circumstances, with consequences
that may or may not be analogous to those described above under U.S. federal or state laws. Changes in bankruptcy laws (including U.S.
federal and state laws and applicable non-United States laws) may adversely impact the Fund’s securities.
Lender
Liability Risk. A number of U.S. judicial decisions have upheld judgments of
borrowers against lending institutions on the basis of various evolving legal theories, collectively termed “lender liability”.
Generally, lender liability is founded on the premise that a lender has violated a duty (whether implied or contractual) of good faith,
commercial reasonableness and fair dealing, or a similar duty owed to the Borrower or has assumed an excessive degree of control over
the Borrower resulting in the creation of a fiduciary duty owed to the Borrower or its other creditors or shareholders. Because of the
nature of its investments, the Fund may be subject to allegations of lender liability.
In
addition, under common law principles that in some cases form the basis for lender liability claims, if a lender or bondholder (i) intentionally
takes an action that results in the undercapitalization of a Borrower to the detriment of other creditors of such Borrower; (ii) engages
in inequitable conduct to the detriment of the other creditors; (iii) engages in fraud with respect to, or makes misrepresentations
to, the other creditors; or (iv) uses its influence as a shareholder to dominate or control a Borrower to the detriment of other
creditors of the Borrower, a court may elect to subordinate the claim of the offending lender or bondholder to the claims of the disadvantaged
creditor or creditors, a remedy called “equitable subordination”.
Because
affiliates of, or persons related to, the Advisors may hold equity or other interests in obligors of the Fund, the Fund could be exposed
to claims for equitable subordination or lender liability or both based on such equity or other holdings.
Sourcing
of Suitable Assets Risk. No assurance can be given the Advisors will be able
to find enough appropriate investments that meet the Fund’s investment criteria.
Reinvestment
Risk. The Fund may reinvest the cash flows received from a security. There
is a risk that the interest rate at which interim cash flows can be reinvested will fall. Reinvestment risk is greater for longer holding
periods and for securities with large, early cash flows such as high-coupon bonds. Reinvestment risk also applies generally to the reinvestment
of the proceeds the Fund receives upon the maturity or sale of an investment in a portfolio company.
Small-Cap
and Mid-Cap Risk. The Fund may invest from time to time in smaller and midsize
companies and the securities of such portfolio companies tend to be more volatile and less liquid than those of larger companies. The
markets for these securities are also less liquid than those for larger companies. This can adversely affect the prices at which the Fund
can purchase and sell these securities, and thus the value of the Shares.
Privately
Held Middle-Market Company Risk. The Fund’s direct lending investments
primarily represent investments in privately held U.S. middle market companies. Investments in privately held middle-market companies
involve a number of significant risks, including the following:
•
these
companies may have limited financial resources and may be unable to meet their obligations, which may be accompanied by a deterioration
in the value of any collateral and a reduction in the likelihood of the Fund realizing any guarantees it may have obtained in connection
with its investment;
•
they
typically have shorter operating histories, narrower product lines and smaller market shares than larger businesses, which tend to render
them more vulnerable to competitors’ actions and market conditions, as well as general economic downturns;
•
they
typically depend on the management talents and efforts of a small group of persons; therefore, the death, disability, resignation or termination
of one or more of these persons could have a material adverse effect on the Fund’s portfolio company and, in turn, on us;
•
there
is generally little public information about these companies. These companies and their financial information are not subject to the Exchange
Act and other regulations that govern public companies, and the Fund may be unable to uncover all material information about these companies,
which may prevent the Fund from making a fully informed investment decision and cause us to lose money on the Fund’s investments;
•
they
generally have less predictable operating results and may require substantial additional capital to support their operations, finance
expansion or maintain their competitive position;
•
the
Fund’s executive officers, trustees and the Advisors may, in the ordinary course of business, be named as defendants in litigation
arising from the Fund’s investments in the Fund’s portfolio companies;
•
changes
in laws and regulations, as well as their interpretations, may adversely affect their business, financial structure or prospects; and
•
they
may have difficulty accessing the capital markets to meet future capital needs.
Fraud
Risk. A major concern when investing in loans and other debt securities is
the possibility of a material misrepresentation or omission on the part of the borrower. Such inaccuracy or incompleteness may adversely
affect the valuation of the collateral underlying the loans or may adversely affect the ability of the Fund to perfect or effectuate a
lien on the collateral securing the loan. The Fund relies upon the accuracy and completeness of representations made by borrowers to the
extent reasonable when it makes its investments, but cannot guarantee such accuracy or completeness. Under certain circumstances, payments
to the Fund may be reclaimed if any such payment or distribution is later determined to have been a fraudulent conveyance or a preferential
payment.
Risks
Relating to the Fund’s Investment Program
Market
and Economic Risks. The Fund and its portfolio companies may be materially
affected by market, economic and political conditions globally and in the jurisdictions and sectors in which they invest or operate, including
factors affecting interest rates, the availability of credit, currency exchange rates and trade barriers. These factors are outside the
Fund’s control and could adversely affect the liquidity and value of its investments, and may reduce the ability of the Fund to
make attractive new investments.
Trends
and historical events do not imply, forecast or predict future events and past performance is not necessarily indicative of future results.
There can be no assurance that the assumptions made or the beliefs and expectations currently held by the Advisors or their affiliates
will prove correct, and actual events and circumstances may vary significantly.
The
Fund may be subject to risk arising from a default by one of several large institutions that are dependent on one another to meet their
liquidity or operational needs, so that a default by one institution may cause a series of defaults by the other institutions. This is
sometimes referred to as “systemic risk” and may adversely affect Financial Intermediaries, such as clearing agencies, clearing
houses, banks, securities firms and exchanges, with which the Fund interacts on a daily basis.
Instability
in the credit markets has made it more difficult at certain times for a number of issuers of debt instruments to obtain financing or refinancing
for their investment or lending activities or operations. In particular, because of volatile conditions in the credit markets, issuers
of debt instruments may be subject to increased cost for debt, tightening underwriting standards and reduced liquidity for loans they
make, securities they purchase and securities they issue. Certain Borrowers may, due to macroeconomic conditions, be unable to repay their
Syndicated Loans or other debt obligations because of these conditions. A Borrower’s failure to satisfy financial or operating covenants
imposed by lenders could lead to defaults
and,
potentially, termination of the Syndicated Loans and foreclosure on the underlying secured assets, which could trigger cross-defaults
under other agreements and jeopardize a Borrower’s ability to meet its obligations under its debt instruments. The Fund may incur
expenses to the extent necessary to seek recovery upon default or to negotiate new terms with a defaulting Borrower. The Fund may also
experience a loss of principal.
These
developments also (i) may make it more difficult for the Fund to accurately value its portfolio securities or to sell its portfolio
securities on a timely basis; (ii) could adversely affect the ability of the Fund to use leverage for investment purposes and increase
the cost of such leverage, which would reduce returns to the Shareholders; and (iii) may adversely affect the broader economy, which
in turn may adversely affect the ability of issuers of securities owned by the Fund to make payments of principal and interest when due,
lead to lower credit ratings of the issuer and increased defaults by the issuer. Such developments could, in turn, reduce the value of
securities owned by the Fund and adversely affect the NAV of the Shares.
Non-U.S.
Securities Risk. The Fund may invest in securities, including direct loans,
Syndicated Loans and Subordinated Loans, of non-U.S. issuers or Borrowers. These investments involve certain risks not involved in domestic
investments and may experience more rapid and extreme changes in value than investments in securities of U.S. companies. Markets for these
investments in foreign countries often are not as developed, efficient or liquid as similar markets in the United States, and therefore,
the prices of non-U.S. securities may be more volatile. Certain foreign countries may impose restrictions on the ability of issuers of
non-U.S. securities to make payments of principal and interest to investors located outside the country, whether from currency blockage
or otherwise. In addition, the Fund will be subject to risks associated with adverse political and economic developments in foreign countries,
including seizure or nationalization of foreign deposits, different legal systems and laws relating to creditors’ rights and the
potential inability to enforce legal judgments, all of which could cause the Fund to lose money on its investments in non-U.S. securities.
Generally, there is less readily available and reliable information about non-U.S. issuers or Borrowers due to less rigorous disclosure
or accounting standards and regulatory practices. The ability of a foreign sovereign issuer to make timely payments on its debt obligations
will also be strongly influenced by the sovereign issuer’s balance of payments, including export performance, its access to international
credit facilities and investments, fluctuations of interest rates and the extent of its foreign reserves. The cost of servicing external
debt generally will also be adversely affected by rising international interest rates, as many external debt obligations bear interest
at rates that are adjusted based upon international interest rates. Investments in so-called “emerging markets” (or
lesser developed countries) are particularly speculative and entail all of the risks of investing in non-U.S. securities but to a heightened
degree. Compared to developed countries, emerging market countries may have relatively unstable governments, economies based on only a
few industries and securities markets that trade a small number of securities. Securities issued by companies located in emerging market
countries tend to be especially volatile and may be less liquid than securities traded in developed countries. Additionally, companies
in emerging market countries may not be subject to accounting, auditing, financial reporting and recordkeeping requirements that are as
robust as those in more developed countries.
Economic
sanctions may be, and have been, imposed against certain countries, organizations, companies, entities and/or individuals. Economic sanctions
and other similar governmental actions or developments could, among other things, effectively restrict or eliminate the Fund’s ability
to purchase or sell certain foreign securities or groups of foreign securities, and thus may make the Fund’s investments in such
securities less liquid or more difficult to value. Such sanctions may also cause a decline in the value of securities issued by the sanctioned
country or companies located in or economically tied to the sanctioned country. In addition, as a result of economic sanctions and other
similar governmental actions or developments, the Fund may be forced to sell or otherwise dispose of foreign investments at inopportune
times or prices.
Foreign
Currency Risk. Because the Fund may invest in securities denominated or quoted
in currencies other than the U.S. dollar, changes in foreign currency exchange rates may affect the value of securities in the Fund and
the unrealized appreciation or depreciation of investments. Currencies of certain countries may be volatile and therefore may affect the
value of securities denominated in such currencies, which means that the Fund’s NAV could decline as a result of changes in the
exchange rates between foreign currencies and the U.S. dollar. The Advisors may, but are not required to, elect for the Fund to seek
to
protect itself from changes in currency exchange rates through hedging transactions depending on market conditions. The Fund may incur
costs in connection with the conversions between various currencies. In addition, certain countries may impose foreign currency exchange
controls or other restrictions on the repatriation, transferability or convertibility of currency.
Currency
Hedging Risk. The Advisors may seek to hedge all or a portion of the Fund’s
foreign currency risk. However, the Advisors cannot guarantee that it will be practical to hedge these risks in certain markets or conditions
or that any efforts to do so will be successful.
Arbitrage
Risk. The Fund may engage in capital structure arbitrage and other arbitrage
strategies. Arbitrage strategies entail various risks, including the risk that external events, regulatory approvals and other factors
will impact the consummation of announced corporate events and/or the prices of certain positions. In addition, hedging is an important
feature of capital structure arbitrage. There is no guarantee that the Advisors will be able to hedge the Fund’s investment portfolio
in the manner necessary to employ successfully the Fund’s strategy.
Market
Disruption and Geopolitical Risk. Disease outbreaks, public health emergencies
(e.g., the coronavirus outbreak, epidemics and other pandemics), the European sovereign debt crisis, instability in the Chinese capital
markets, the effect of the United Kingdom (the “U.K.”) leaving the European Union (the “EU”), terrorist attacks
in the United States and around the world, the impact of natural disasters, growing social and political discord in the United States,
the European debt crisis, the response of the international community — through economic sanctions and otherwise — the
war in Ukraine and Russia, increasingly strained relations between the United States and a number of foreign countries, including traditional
allies, such as certain European countries, and historical adversaries, such as North Korea, Iran, China and Russia, and the international
community generally, new and continued political unrest in various countries may result in market volatility, may have long-term adverse
effects on the United States and worldwide financial markets and may cause further economic uncertainties in the United States and worldwide.
The Fund does not know how long the financial markets may be affected by these events and cannot predict the effects of these events or
similar events in the future on the U.S. and global economies and financial markets. Wars and occupation, terrorism and related geopolitical
risks have led, and may in the future lead, to increased short-term market volatility and may have adverse long-term effects on U.S. and
global economies and markets generally. These events could have an acute effect on individual issuers or related groups of issuers. These
events could also impact interest rates, secondary trading, ratings, credit risk, inflation and other factors relating to an investment
in the Shares. During periods of market disruption, portfolio companies may be more likely to seek to draw on unfunded commitments the
Fund has made, and the risk of being unable to fund such commitments is heightened during such periods.
The
Fund may be adversely affected by abrogation of international agreements and national laws which have created the market instruments in
which the Fund may invest, failure of the designated national and international authorities to enforce compliance with the same laws and
agreements, failure of local, national and international organization to carry out their duties prescribed to them under the relevant
agreements, revisions of these laws and agreements which dilute their effectiveness or conflicting interpretation of provisions of the
same laws and agreements. Syndicated Loans and Corporate Bonds rated below investment grade and investments with similar characteristics
tend to be more volatile than investment grade fixed income securities and, as a result, these events and other market disruptions may
have a greater impact on the prices and volatility of such instruments than on investment grade fixed income securities. There can be
no assurance that such market disruptions may not have other material and adverse implications for the Syndicated Loan and Corporate Bond
markets or other markets in which the Fund may invest.
Certain
of the Fund’s portfolio companies’ businesses could be adversely affected by the effects of health pandemics or epidemics,
including the ongoing COVID-19 global pandemic, the evolution of which continues to be uncertain. Recurring COVID-19 outbreaks around
the world have heightened concerns relating to new and potentially more dangerous virus variants, which, if transmitted around the globe
could lead to the re-introduction of restrictions that were in place in 2020, 2021, and to a lesser extent in 2022, or even the adoption
of other more strict measures to combat outbreaks. Another severe outbreak of COVID-19 or another pandemic can disrupt the Fund’s
and the Fund’s portfolio companies’ businesses and materially and adversely impact the Fund’s and/or the Fund’s
portfolio companies’ financial results.
The
COVID-19 pandemic contributed to certain conditions associated with the current macroeconomic environment and caused significant disruptions
and instabilities in the global and U.S. financial markets or deteriorations in credit and financing conditions. A resurgence of COVID-19
or another pandemic with effects similar to those of COVID-19 may adversely affect the Fund’s and the Fund’s portfolio companies’
liquidity positions.
U.S.
and global markets recently have experienced increased volatility, including as a result of the recent failures of certain U.S. and non-U.S.
banks, which could be harmful to the Fund and issuers in which it invests. For example, if a bank in which the Fund or issuer has an account
fails, any cash or other assets in bank accounts may be temporarily inaccessible or permanently lost by the Fund or issuer. If a bank
that provides a subscription line credit facility, asset-based facility, other credit facility and/or other services to an issuer fails,
the issuer could be unable to draw funds under its credit facilities or obtain replacement credit facilities or other services from other
lending institutions with similar terms. Even if banks used by issuers in which the Fund invests remain solvent, continued volatility
in the banking sector could cause or intensify an economic recession, increase the costs of banking services or result in the issuers
being unable to obtain or refinance indebtedness at all or on as favorable terms as could otherwise have been obtained. Conditions in
the banking sector are evolving, and the scope of any potential impacts to the Fund and issuers, both from market conditions and also
potential legislative or regulatory responses, are uncertain. Continued market volatility and uncertainty and/or a downturn in market
and economic and financial conditions, as a result of developments in the banking industry or otherwise (including as a result of delayed
access to cash or credit facilities), could have an adverse impact on the Fund and issuers in which it invests.
U.S.
Credit Rating and European Economic Crisis Risk. In August 2011, S&P
lowered its long-term sovereign credit rating on the United States from “AAA” to “AA+,” which was re-affirmed
by S&P in June 2016. In January 2012, S&P lowered its long-term sovereign credit ratings for France, Italy, Spain and
six other European countries, which negatively impacted global markets and economic conditions. During subsequent periods, S&P further
lowered its long-term sovereign credit rating for Spain. S&P subsequently raised its long-term sovereign credit rating on Spain to
“BBB,” but its current credit rating still signifies significant ongoing risk. Recent U.S. budget deficit concerns, together
with signs of deteriorating sovereign debt conditions in Europe, have increased the possibility of additional credit-rating downgrades
and economic slowdowns. The impact of any further downgrade to the U.S. government’s sovereign credit rating, or its perceived creditworthiness,
and the impact of the current crisis in Europe with respect to the ability of certain European Union (“EU”) countries to continue
to service their sovereign debt obligations is inherently unpredictable and could adversely affect the U.S. and global financial markets
and economic conditions. In addition, the economic downturn and the significant government interventions into the financial markets and
fiscal stimulus spending over the last several years have contributed to significantly increased U.S. budget deficits. There can
be no assurance that future fiscal or monetary measures to aid economic recovery will be effective. These developments and reactions of
the credit markets to these developments could cause interest rates and borrowing costs to rise, which may negatively impact the Fund’s
ability to obtain debt financing on favorable terms. In addition, any adverse economic conditions resulting from any further downgrade
of the U.S. government’s sovereign credit rating or the economic crisis in Europe could have a material adverse effect on the Fund’s
business, financial condition and results of operations.
Government
Intervention in the Financial Markets Risk. Instability in the financial markets
has led the U.S. Government, the Federal Reserve and foreign governments and central banks around the world to take a number of unprecedented
actions designed to support certain financial institutions and segments of the financial markets that have experienced extreme volatility,
and in some cases a lack of liquidity. U.S. federal and state and foreign governments, their regulatory agencies or self-regulatory organizations
may take additional actions that affect the regulation of the securities, debt instruments or structured products in which the Fund invests,
or the issuers of such securities or structured products, in ways that are unforeseeable or not fully understood or anticipated. Governments
or their agencies may also acquire distressed assets from financial institutions and acquire ownership interests in those institutions.
The implications of government ownership and disposition of these assets are unclear, and such programs may have positive or negative
effects on the liquidity, valuation and performance of the Fund’s portfolio holdings. Furthermore, volatile financial markets can
expose the Fund to greater market and liquidity risk
and
potential difficulty in valuing portfolio instruments held by the Fund. The Advisor will monitor developments and seek to manage the Fund’s
portfolio in a manner consistent with achieving the Fund’s investment objective, but there can be no assurance that it will be successful
in doing so.
European
Risk. The Fund may invest a portion of its capital in debt securities issued
by issuers domiciled in Europe, including issuers domiciled in the U.K. Concerns regarding the sovereign debt of various Eurozone countries
and proposals for investors to incur substantial write-downs and reductions in the face value of the sovereign debt of certain countries
give rise to concerns about sovereign defaults, the possibility that one or more countries might leave the EU or the Eurozone and various
proposals (still under consideration and unclear in material respects) for support of affected countries and the Euro as a currency. The
outcome of any such situation cannot be predicted. Sovereign debt defaults and EU and/or Eurozone exits could have material adverse effects
on investments by the Fund in securities of European companies, including but not limited to the availability of credit to support such
companies’ financing needs, uncertainty and disruption in relation to financing, customer and supply contracts denominated in Euro
and wider economic disruption in markets served by those companies, while austerity and other measures that have been introduced in order
to limit or contain these issues may themselves lead to economic contraction and resulting adverse effects for the Fund. A number of the
Fund’s securities may be denominated in the Euro. Legal uncertainty about the funding of Euro denominated obligations following
any breakup or exits from the Eurozone (particularly in the case of investments in securities of companies in affected countries) could
also have material adverse effects on the Fund. The U.K. ceased to be a member state of the EU on January 31, 2020 commonly referred
to as “Brexit,” and the transition period provided for in the withdrawal agreement entered by the U.K. and the EU ended on
December 31, 2020. In December 2020, the U.K. and the EU agreed on a trade and cooperation agreement, which was subsequently ratified
by the parties. The trade and cooperation agreement covers the general objectives and framework of the relationship between the U.K. and
the EU. The impact of Brexit on the U.K. and EU and the broader global economy is unknown but could be significant and could result in
increased volatility and illiquidity and potentially lower economic growth. Brexit also may lead to greater volatility in the global currency
and financial markets, which could adversely affect the Fund. In connection with investments in non-U.S. issuers, the Fund may engage
in foreign currency exchange transactions but is not required to hedge its currency exposure. As such, the Fund makes investments that
are denominated in British pound sterling or Euros. The Fund’s assets are valued in U.S. dollars and the depreciation of the British
pound sterling and/or the Euro in relation to the U.S. dollar could adversely affect the Fund’s investments denominated in British
pound sterling or Euros that are not fully hedged regardless of the performance of the underlying issuer.
Economic
Recession or Downturn Risk. Many of the Fund’s portfolio companies may
be susceptible to economic slowdowns or recessions and may be unable to repay the Fund’s debt investments during these periods.
Therefore, the Fund’s non-performing assets are likely to increase, and the value of its portfolio is likely to decrease, during
these periods. Adverse economic conditions may also decrease the value of any collateral securing the Fund’s secured loans. A prolonged
recession may further decrease the value of such collateral and result in losses of value in the Fund’s portfolio and a decrease
in the Fund’s revenues, net income and NAV. Unfavorable economic conditions also could increase the Fund’s funding costs,
limit the Fund’s access to the capital markets or result in a decision by lenders not to extend credit to it on terms it deems acceptable.
These events could prevent the Fund from increasing investments and harm the Fund’s operating results.
Legal
and Regulatory Risks. Additionally, in August 2022, Rule 18f-4 under
the 1940 Act, regarding the ability of a registered investment company to use derivatives and other transactions that create future payment
or delivery obligations (except reverse repurchase agreements and similar financing transactions), became effective. Under the new rule,
registered investment companies that make significant use of derivatives are required to operate subject to a value-at-risk leverage limit,
adopt a derivatives risk management program and appoint a derivatives risk manager, and comply with various testing and board reporting
requirements. Such requirements may limit the ability of the Fund to invest in derivatives, short sales and similar financing transactions,
limit the Fund’s ability to employ certain strategies that use these instruments and/or adversely affect the Fund’s efficiency
in implementing its strategy, liquidity and/or ability to pursue its investment objective.
At
any time after the date of this prospectus, legislation may be enacted that could negatively affect the assets of the Fund or the issuers
of such assets. Changing approaches to regulation may have a negative impact on the entities in which the Fund invests. Legislation or
regulation may also change the way in which the Fund itself is regulated. There can be no assurance that future legislation, regulation
or deregulation will not have a material adverse effect on the Fund or will not impair the ability of the Fund to achieve its investment
objective.
Risks
Associated with Changes in LIBOR. National and international regulators and
law enforcement agencies have conducted investigations into a number of rates or indices that are deemed to be “reference rates.”
Actions by such regulators and law enforcement agencies may result in changes to the manner in which certain reference rates are determined,
their discontinuance, or the establishment of alternative reference rates. In particular, on July 27, 2017, the Chief Executive of
the U.K. Financial Conduct Authority (the “FCA”), which regulates LIBOR, announced that the FCA will no longer persuade or
compel banks to submit rates for the calculation of LIBOR after 2021.
The
U.S. Federal Reserve, in conjunction with the Alternative Reference Rates Committee (the “ARRC”), a steering committee comprised
of large U.S. financial institutions, has identified the Secured Overnight Financing Rate, (“SOFR”) as its preferred alternative
rate for LIBOR. On December 6, 2021, the ARRC released a statement selecting and recommending forms of SOFR, along with associated
spread adjustments and conforming changes, to replace references to 1-week and 2-month USD LIBOR. The Fund expects that a substantial
portion of the Fund’s future floating rate investments will be linked to SOFR. Although there have been an increasing number of
issuances utilizing SOFR or the Sterling Over Night Index Average (“SONIA”) (the GBP-LIBOR nominated replacement alternative
reference rate that is based on transactions), it is unknown whether SOFR or any other alternative reference rates will attain market
acceptance as replacements for LIBOR. Given the inherent differences between LIBOR and SOFR, or any other alternative reference rates
that may be established, the transition from LIBOR may disrupt the overall financial markets and adversely affect the market for LIBOR-based
securities, including the Fund’s portfolio of LIBOR indexed, floating rate debt securities, or the cost of the Fund’s borrowings.
In addition, changes or reforms to the determination or supervision of LIBOR may result in a sudden or prolonged increase or decrease
in reported LIBOR, which could have an adverse impact on the market for LIBOR-based securities, including the value and/or transferability
of the LIBOR indexed, floating rate debt securities in the Fund’s portfolio, or the cost of the Fund’s borrowings.
Additionally,
if as currently expected LIBOR ceases to exist, the Fund may need to renegotiate the credit agreements extending beyond June 30,
2023 with its credit facility lenders and portfolio companies that utilize LIBOR as a factor in determining the interest rate to replace
LIBOR with SOFR or other alternative reference rates, which could require the Fund to incur significant time and expense and may subject
the Fund to disputes or litigation over the appropriateness or comparability to the relevant replacement reference index.
Risks
Associated with Commodity Futures Trading Commission Regulation. The Sub-Advisor
claims an exclusion from the definition of the term “commodity pool operator” in accordance with Commodity Futures Trading
Commission (“CFTC”) Regulation 4.5 so that the Sub-Advisor is not subject to registration or regulation as a CPO under
the CEA with respect to the Fund. In order to maintain the exclusion for the Sub-Advisor, the Fund must invest no more than a prescribed
level of its liquidation value in certain futures, certain swap contracts and certain other Derivatives subject to the CEA’s jurisdiction,
and the Fund must not market itself as providing investment exposure to such instruments. If the Fund’s investments no longer qualify
the Sub-Advisor for the exclusion, the Sub-Advisor may be subject to the CFTC’s CPO registration requirements with respect to the
Fund, and the disclosure and operations of the Fund would need to comply with all applicable regulations governing commodity pools registered
as investment companies under the 1940 Act and commodity pool operators. Compliance with the additional registration and regulatory requirements
may increase operating expenses. Other potentially adverse regulatory initiatives could also develop.
Inflation
and Deflation Risk. Inflation risk is the risk that the value of certain assets
or income from the Fund’s investments will be worth less in the future as inflation decreases the value of money. As inflation increases,
the real value of investments and distributions can decline. In addition, during any
periods
of rising inflation, the dividend rates or borrowing costs associated with the Fund’s use of leverage would likely increase, which
would tend to further reduce returns to Shareholders. Deflation risk is the risk that prices throughout the economy decline over time — the
opposite of inflation. Deflation may have an adverse effect on the creditworthiness of issuers and may make issuer defaults more likely,
which may result in a decline in the value of the Fund’s portfolio.
Interest
Rate Risk. The market value of Corporate Bonds and other fixed-income securities
changes in response to interest rate changes and other factors. Interest rate risk is the risk that prices of bonds and other fixed-income
securities will increase as interest rates fall and decrease as rates rise. Accordingly, an increase in market interest rates may cause
a decrease in the price of a debt security and, therefore, a decline in the net asset value of the Fund’s Shares. The magnitude
of these fluctuations in the market price of bonds and other fixed-income securities is generally greater for those securities with longer
maturities. Because Syndicated Loans with floating or variable rates reset their interest rates periodically, changes in prevailing interest
rates can be expected to cause some fluctuations in the Fund’s NAV. Similarly, an increase in market interest rates may cause a
decline in the Fund’s NAV. In addition, Syndicated Loans or similar loans or securities may allow the Borrower to opt between LIBOR-based
interest rates, SOFR-based interest rates and interest rates based on bank prime rates, which may have an effect on the Fund’s NAV.
If
general interest rates rise, as they have in recent years, there is a risk that the portfolio companies in which the Fund holds floating
rate securities will be unable to pay escalating interest amounts, which could result in a default under their loan documents. Rising
interest rates could also cause portfolio companies to shift cash from other productive uses to the payment of interest, which may have
a material adverse effect on their business and operations and could, over time, lead to increased defaults. In addition, rising interest
rates may increase pressure on the Fund to provide fixed rate loans to the Fund’s portfolio companies, which could adversely affect
the Fund’s net investment income, as increases in the cost of borrowed funds would not be accompanied by increased interest income
from such fixed-rate investments.
Investment
Terms and Timeframe Risk. Delays in investing the net proceeds of this offering
may impair the Fund’s performance. The Fund cannot assure investors that it will be able to identify any investments that meet the
Fund’s investment objective or that any investment that the Fund makes will produce a positive return. The Fund may be unable to
invest its assets on acceptable terms within the time period that it anticipates or at all, which could harm the Fund’s financial
condition and results of operations.
Prior
to investing in securities of portfolio companies, the Fund may invest primarily in cash, cash equivalents, U.S. government securities,
repurchase agreements and high-quality debt instruments maturing in one year or less from the time of investment, which may produce returns
that are significantly lower than the returns which it expects to achieve when the Fund’s portfolio is fully invested in securities
meeting its investment objective. As a result, any distributions that the Fund pays while its portfolio is not fully invested in securities
meeting its investment objective may be lower than the distributions that the Fund may be able to pay when its portfolio is fully invested
in securities meeting its investment objective.
Restrictions
on Entering into Affiliated Transactions. The Advisors may enter into transactions
and invest in securities, instruments and currencies on behalf of the Fund in which customers of its affiliates, to the extent permitted
by applicable law, serve as the counterparty, principal or issuer. In such cases, such party’s interests in the transaction could
be adverse to the interests of the Fund, and such party may have no incentive to assure that the Fund obtains the best possible prices
or terms in connection with the transaction. In addition, the purchase, holding and sale of such investments by the Fund may enhance the
profitability of the Advisors or their affiliates. One or more affiliates may also create, write or issue Derivatives for their customers,
the underlying securities, currencies or instruments of which may be those in which the Fund invests or which may be based on the performance
of the Fund. The Fund may, subject to applicable law, purchase investments that are the subject of an underwriting or other distribution
by one or more of the Advisors affiliates and may also enter into transactions with other clients of an affiliate where such other clients
have interests adverse to those of the Fund. By reason of the various activities of the Advisors and their affiliates, the Advisors and
such affiliates may acquire confidential or material non-public information or otherwise be restricted from purchasing certain potential
Fund investments that otherwise might have been purchased or be restricted from selling certain Fund investments that might otherwise
have been sold at the time.
Lack
of Funds to Make Additional Investments Risk. The Fund may not have the funds
or ability to make additional investments in its portfolio companies. After the Fund’s initial investment in a portfolio company,
it may be called upon from time to time to provide additional funds to such company or have the opportunity to increase its investment
through the exercise of a warrant to purchase common shares. There is no assurance that the Fund will make, or will have sufficient funds
to make, follow-on investments. Any decisions not to make a follow-on investment or any inability on the Fund’s part to make such
an investment may have a negative impact on a portfolio company in need of such an investment, may result in a missed opportunity for
the Fund to increase its participation in a successful operation or may reduce the expected return on the investment.
Uncertain
Exit Strategies. Due to the illiquid nature of some of the positions that the
Fund is expected to acquire, as well as the risks associated with the Fund’s investment strategies, the Fund is unable to predict
with confidence what the exit strategy may ultimately be for any given investment, or that one will definitely be available. Exit strategies
which appear to be viable when an investment is initiated may be precluded by the time the investment is ready to be realized due to economic,
legal, political or other factors.
Other
Risks Relating to the Fund
Advisor
Risk. The Advisor utilizes the resources of Ares’ U.S. and European credit
teams who manage direct lending, syndicated loan, corporate bond, opportunistic credit and structured credit investment strategies for
the Ares Credit Group as well as the real estate debt and stressed/distressed investment teams. The Fund’s portfolio management
team is comprised of members of Ares’ Credit Group. The Advisor intends to use the resources of Ares. There can be no assurance
that any such investment professionals will remain employed by Ares or if employed, will remain involved with the Advisors’ performance
obligations. The Advisor is a joint venture and conflicts could arise between the parties to the joint venture that could impact the Advisor’s
ability to perform its duties.
Senior
Management Personnel of the Advisors. Since the Fund has no employees, it depends
on the investment expertise, skill and network of business contacts of the Advisors. The Advisors evaluate, negotiate, structure, execute,
monitor and service the Fund’s investments. The Fund’s future success depends to a significant extent on the continued service
and coordination of the Advisors and their senior management team. The departure of any members of the Advisors’ senior management
team could have a material adverse effect on the Fund’s ability to achieve its investment objective.
The
Fund’s ability to achieve its investment objective depends on the Advisors’ ability to identify, analyze, invest in, finance
and monitor companies that meet the Fund’s investment criteria. The Advisors’ capabilities in managing the investment process,
providing competent, attentive and efficient services to the Fund, and facilitating access to financing on acceptable terms depend on
the employment of investment professionals in an adequate number and of adequate sophistication to match the corresponding flow of transactions.
To achieve the Fund’s investment objective, the Advisors may need to hire, train, supervise and manage new investment professionals
to participate in the Fund’s investment selection and monitoring process. The Advisors may not be able to find investment professionals
in a timely manner or at all. Failure to support the Fund’s investment process could have a material adverse effect on the Fund’s
business, financial condition and results of operations.
In
addition, the Investment Advisory Agreement has termination provisions that allow the parties to terminate the agreements without penalty.
The Investment Advisory Agreement, Investment Sub-Advisory Agreement and the CAM Administration Agreement may be terminated at any time,
without penalty, by the Advisors upon 60 days’ notice to the Fund. If either agreement is terminated, it may adversely affect
the quality of the Fund’s investment opportunities. In addition, in the event such agreements are terminated, it may be difficult
for the Fund to replace the Advisors. Furthermore, the termination of either of these agreements may adversely impact the terms of the
Fund’s or its subsidiaries’ financing facilities or any financing facility into which the Fund or its subsidiaries may enter
in the future, which could have a material adverse effect on the Fund’s business and financial condition.
Key
Personnel Risk. The Advisor depends on the diligence, skill and network of
business contacts of certain Ares Credit Group and CION professionals. The Advisor also depends, to a significant extent, on access to
other investment professionals within Ares and CION and the information and deal flow
generated
by these investment professionals in the course of their investment and portfolio management activities. The Fund’s success depends
on the continued service of such personnel. The investment professionals associated with the Advisors are actively involved in other investment
activities not concerning the Fund and will not be able to devote all of their time to the Fund’s business and affairs. The departure
of any of the senior managers of the Advisors, or of a significant number of the investment professionals or partners of the Advisors’
affiliates, could have a material adverse effect on the Fund’s ability to achieve its investment objective. Individuals not currently
associated with the Advisors may become associated with the Fund and the performance of the Fund may also depend on the experience and
expertise of such individuals. In addition, there is no assurance that the Advisors will remain the Fund’s investment advisor or
that the Advisors will continue to have access to the investment professionals and partners of its affiliates and the information and
deal flow generated by the investment professionals of its affiliates.
Ares
and CION Relationships. The Fund expects that Ares and CION will depend on
their existing relationships with private equity sponsors, investment banks and commercial banks, and the Fund expects to rely to a significant
extent upon these relationships for purposes of potential investment opportunities. If Ares or CION fails to maintain their existing relationships
or develop new relationships with other sources or sponsors of investment opportunities, the Fund may not be able to expand its investment
portfolio. In addition, individuals with whom Ares and CION have relationships are not obligated to provide the Fund with investment opportunities
and, therefore, there is no assurance that such relationships will generate investment opportunities for the Fund.
The
Advisors’ Incentive Fee Risk. The Investment Advisory Agreement and Investment
Sub-Advisory Agreement entitle the Advisors to receive incentive compensation on income regardless of any capital losses. In such case,
the Fund may be required to pay the Advisors incentive compensation for a fiscal quarter even if there is a decline in the value of the
Fund’s portfolio or if the Fund incurs a net loss for that quarter.
Any
Incentive Fee payable by the Fund that relates to its net investment income may be computed and paid on income that may include interest
that has been accrued but not yet received. If a portfolio company defaults on a loan that is structured to provide accrued interest,
it is possible that accrued interest previously included in the calculation of the Incentive Fee will become uncollectible. The Advisors
are not under any obligation to reimburse the Fund for any part of the Incentive Fee they received that was based on accrued income that
the Fund never received as a result of a default by an entity on the obligation that resulted in the accrual of such income, and such
circumstances would result in the Fund’s paying an Incentive Fee on income it never received.
The
Incentive Fee payable by the Fund to the Advisors may create an incentive for them to make investments on the Fund’s behalf that
are risky or more speculative than would be the case in the absence of such compensation arrangement. The way in which the Incentive Fee
payable to the Advisors is determined may encourage them to use leverage to increase the return on the Fund’s investments. In addition,
the fact that the Management Fee is payable based upon the Fund’s average daily gross assets, which would include any borrowings
for investment purposes, may encourage the Advisors to use leverage to make additional investments. Under certain circumstances, the use
of leverage may increase the likelihood of default, which would disfavor Shareholders. Such a practice could result in the Fund’s
investing in more speculative securities than would otherwise be in its best interests, which could result in higher investment losses,
particularly during cyclical economic downturns.
Shares
Not Listed; No Market for Shares. The Fund has been organized as a closed-end
management investment company. Closed-end funds differ from open-end management investment companies (commonly known as mutual funds)
because investors in a closed-end fund do not have the right to redeem their shares on a daily basis. Unlike most closed-end funds, which
typically list their shares on a securities exchange, the Fund does not currently intend to list the Shares for trading on any securities
exchange, and the Fund does not expect any secondary market to develop for the Shares in the foreseeable future. Therefore, an investment
in the Fund, unlike an investment in a typical closed-end fund, is not a liquid investment.
Closed-end
Interval Fund; Liquidity Risks. The Fund is a diversified, closed-end management
investment company structured as an “interval fund” and designed primarily for long-term investors. The Fund is not intended
to be a typical traded investment. There is no secondary market for the Fund’s Shares
and
the Fund expects that no secondary market will develop. An investor should not invest in the Fund if the investor needs a liquid investment.
Closed-end funds differ from open-end management investment companies, commonly known as mutual funds, in that investors in a closed-end
fund do not have the right to redeem their shares on a daily basis at a price based on NAV. Although the Fund, as a fundamental policy,
will make quarterly offers to repurchase at least 5% and up to 25% of its outstanding Shares at NAV, the number of Shares tendered in
connection with a repurchase offer may exceed the number of Shares the Fund has offered to repurchase, in which case not all of your Shares
tendered in that offer will be repurchased. In connection with any given repurchase offer, it is expected the Fund will offer to repurchase
only the minimum amount of 5% of its outstanding Shares. Hence, you may not be able to sell your Shares when and/or in the amount that
you desire.
Competition
for Investment Opportunities. The Fund competes for investments with other
closed-end funds and investment funds, as well as traditional financial services companies such as commercial banks and other sources
of funding. Moreover, alternative investment vehicles, such as hedge funds, have begun to invest in areas in which they have not traditionally
invested. As a result of these new entrants, competition for investment opportunities may intensify. Many of the Fund’s competitors
are substantially larger and may have considerably greater financial, technical and marketing resources than the Fund. For example, some
competitors may have a lower cost of capital and access to funding sources that are not available to the Fund. In addition, some of the
Fund’s competitors may have higher risk tolerances or different risk assessments than it has. These characteristics could allow
the Fund’s competitors to consider a wider variety of investments, establish more relationships and pay more competitive prices
for investments than it is able to do. The Fund may lose investment opportunities if it does not match its competitors’ pricing.
If the Fund is forced to match its competitors’ pricing, it may not be able to achieve acceptable returns on its investments or
may bear substantial risk of capital loss. A significant increase in the number and/or the size of the Fund’s competitors could
force it to accept less attractive investment terms. Furthermore, many of the Fund’s competitors have greater experience operating
under, or are not subject to, the regulatory restrictions that the 1940 Act imposes on it as a closed-end fund.
“Best-Efforts”
Offering Risk. This offering is being made on a best efforts basis, whereby
the Distributor is only required to use its best efforts to sell the Shares and has no firm commitment or obligation to purchase any of
the Shares. To the extent that less than the maximum number of Shares is subscribed for, the opportunity for the allocation of the Fund’s
investments among various issuers and industries may be decreased, and the returns achieved on those investments may be reduced as a result
of allocating all of the Fund’s expenses over a smaller capital base.
Inadequate
Return Risk. No assurance can be given that the returns on the Fund’s
investments will be commensurate with the risk of investment in the Shares.
Inadequate
Network of Broker-Dealer Risk. The success of the Fund’s continuous public
offering, and correspondingly the Fund’s ability to implement its investment objective and strategies, depends upon the ability
of the Distributor and the Advisor to establish, operate and maintain a network of Selected Broker-Dealers to sell the Shares. If the
Distributor or the Advisor fails to perform, the Fund may not be able to raise adequate proceeds through the Fund’s continuous public
offering to implement the Fund’s investment objective and strategies. If the Fund is unsuccessful in implementing its investment
objective and strategies, an investor could lose all or a part of his or her investment in the Fund.
Repurchase
Offers Risks. As described under “Share Repurchase Program,” the
Fund is an “interval fund” and, to provide some liquidity to Shareholders, makes quarterly offers to repurchase between 5%
and 25% of its outstanding Shares at NAV, pursuant to Rule 23c-3 under the 1940 Act. The Fund believes that these repurchase offers
are generally beneficial to the Fund’s Shareholders, and generally are funded from available cash or sales of portfolio securities.
However, the repurchase of Shares by the Fund decreases the assets of the Fund and, therefore, may have the effect of increasing the Fund’s
expense ratio. Repurchase offers and the need to fund repurchase obligations may also affect the ability of the Fund to be fully invested
or force the Fund to maintain a higher percentage of its assets in liquid investments, which may harm the Fund’s investment
performance. Moreover, diminution in the size of the Fund through repurchases may result in untimely sales of portfolio securities, and
may limit the ability of the Fund to participate in new investment opportunities. If the Fund uses leverage, repurchases of Shares may
compound
the adverse effects of leverage in a declining market. In addition, if the Fund borrows money to finance repurchases, interest on that
borrowing will negatively affect Shareholders who do not tender their Shares by increasing Fund expenses and reducing any net investment
income. Certain Shareholders may from time to time own or control a significant percentage of the Fund’s Shares. Repurchase
requests by these Shareholders of these Shares of the Fund may cause repurchases to be oversubscribed, with the result that Shareholders
may only be able to have a portion of their Shares repurchased in connection with any repurchase offer. If a repurchase offer is oversubscribed
and the Fund determines not to repurchase additional Shares beyond the repurchase offer amount, or if Shareholders tender an amount of
Shares greater than that which the Fund is entitled to purchase, the Fund will repurchase the Shares tendered on a pro rata basis,
and Shareholders will have to wait until the next repurchase offer to make another repurchase request. Shareholders will be subject to
the risk of NAV fluctuations during that period. Thus, there is also a risk that some Shareholders, in anticipation of proration, may
tender more Shares than they wish to have repurchased in a particular quarter, thereby increasing the likelihood that proration will occur.
The NAV of Shares tendered in a repurchase offer may fluctuate between the date a Shareholder submits a repurchase request and the Repurchase
Request Deadline, and to the extent there is any delay between the Repurchase Request Deadline and the Repurchase Pricing Date. The NAV
on the Repurchase Request Deadline or the Repurchase Pricing Date may be higher or lower than on the date a Shareholder submits a repurchase
request. See “Share Repurchase Program.”
Distribution
Payment Risk. The Fund cannot assure investors that the Fund will achieve investment
results that will allow the Fund to make a specified level of cash distributions or year-to-year increases in cash distributions. All
distributions will be paid at the discretion of the Board and may depend on the Fund’s earnings, the Fund’s net investment
income, the Fund’s financial condition, maintenance of the Fund’s and the Fund’s RIC status, compliance with applicable
regulations and such other factors as the Board may deem relevant from time to time.
In
the event that the Fund encounters delays in locating suitable investment opportunities, all or a substantial portion of the Fund’s
distributions may constitute a return of capital to Shareholders. To the extent that the Fund pays distributions that constitute a return
of capital for U.S. federal income tax purposes, it will lower an investor’s tax basis in his or her Shares. A return of capital
generally is a return of an investor’s investment, rather than a return of earnings or gains derived from the Fund’s investment
activities, and generally results in a reduction of the tax basis in the Shares. As a result from such reduction in tax basis, Shareholders
may be subject to tax in connection with the sale of Fund Shares, even if such Shares are sold at a loss relative to the Shareholder’s
original investment.
Risks
Associated with the Fund Distribution Policy. The Fund intends to make
regular distributions. Currently, in order to maintain a relatively stable level of distributions, the Fund may pay out less than all
of its net investment income to the extent consistent with maintaining its ability to be subject to tax as a RIC under the Code, pay out
undistributed income from prior months, return capital in addition to current period net investment income or borrow money to fund
distributions. The distributions for any full or partial calendar year might not be made in equal amounts, and one distribution may be
larger than the other. The Fund will make a distribution only if authorized by the Board and declared by the Fund out of assets legally
available for these distributions. This distribution policy may, under certain circumstances, have certain adverse consequences to the
Fund and its Shareholders because it may result in a return of capital, which would reduce the NAV of the Shares and, over time, potentially
increase the Fund’s expense ratio. If a distribution constitutes a return of capital, it means that the Fund is returning to Shareholders
a portion of their investment rather than making a distribution that is funded from the Fund’s earned income or other profits. The
Fund’s distribution policy may be changed at any time by the Board.
There
is a possibility that the Fund may make total distributions during a calendar or taxable year in an amount that exceeds the Fund’s
net investment company taxable income and net capital gains for the relevant taxable year. In such situations, if a distribution exceeds
the Fund’s current and accumulated earnings and profits (as determined for U.S. federal income tax purposes), a portion of each
distribution paid with respect to such taxable year would generally be treated as a return of capital for U.S. federal income tax purposes,
thereby reducing the amount of a Shareholder’s tax basis in such Shareholder’s Fund Shares. When a Shareholder sells
Fund Shares, the amount, if any, by which the sales price exceeds the Shareholder’s tax basis in Fund Shares may be treated
as a gain subject to tax. Because a return of
capital
reduces a Shareholder’s tax basis in Fund Shares, it generally will increase the amount of such Shareholder’s gain or
decrease the amount of such Shareholder’s loss when such Shareholder sells Fund Shares. To the extent that the amount of any
return of capital distribution exceeds a Shareholder’s tax basis in Fund Shares, such excess generally will be treated as gain
from a sale or exchange of the shares.
Because
the Fund has issued Preferred Shares and has issued other forms of indebtedness, its ability to make distributions to its Shareholders
is limited by the asset coverage requirements and other limitations imposed by the 1940 Act and the terms of the Fund’s indebtedness.
Investment
Dilution Risk. The Fund’s investors do not have preemptive rights to
any Shares the Fund may issue in the future. The Fund’s amended and restated declaration of trust (the “Declaration of Trust”)
authorizes it to issue an unlimited number of Shares. The Board may amend the Declaration of Trust. After an investor purchases Shares,
the Fund may sell additional Shares in the future or issue equity interests in private offerings. To the extent the Fund issues additional
equity interests after an investor purchases its Shares, such investor’s percentage ownership interest in the Fund will be
diluted.
Anti-Takeover
Risk. The Declaration of Trust and bylaws, as well as certain statutory and
regulatory requirements, contain certain provisions that may have the effect of discouraging a third party from attempting to acquire
it. Subject to the limitations of the 1940 Act, the Board may, without Shareholder action, authorize the issuance of shares in one or
more classes or series, including Preferred Shares; and the Board may, without Shareholder action, amend the Declaration of Trust. These
anti-takeover provisions may inhibit a change of control in circumstances that could give Shareholders the opportunity to realize a premium
over the value of the Shares.
Conflicts
of Interest Risk. The Fund is a party to the Investment Advisory Agreement
with CAM, and the Investment Sub-Advisory Agreement with Ares Capital, entities in which certain of the Fund’s trustees, officers
and members of the investment committee of the Advisors may have indirect ownership and pecuniary interests. Certain of the Fund’s
trustees and officers and members of the investment committee of the Advisors also serve as officers or principals of other investment
managers affiliated with the Advisors that currently, and may in the future, manage investment funds with investment objectives similar
to the Fund’s investment objective. In addition, certain of Fund’s officers and trustees and the members of the investment
committee of the Advisors serve or may serve as officers, trustees or principals of entities that operate in the same or related line
of business as the Fund does or of investment funds managed by the Fund’s affiliates. Accordingly, the Fund may not be made aware
of and/or given the opportunity to participate in certain investments made by investment funds managed by advisors affiliated with the
Advisors. However, the Advisors intend to allocate investment opportunities in a fair and equitable manner in accordance with the Advisors’
investment allocation policy.
Pursuant
to the terms of the CAM Administration Agreement, CAM provides the Fund with certain administrative and other services necessary to conduct
the Fund’s day-to-day operations, and the Fund reimburses CAM, at cost, for the Fund’s allocable portion of overhead and other
expenses (including travel expenses) incurred by CAM in performing its obligations under the CAM Administration Agreement, including the
Fund’s allocable portion of the cost of certain of the Fund’s officers (including but not limited to the chief compliance
officer, chief financial officer, chief accounting officer, general counsel, secretary and treasurer) and their respective staffs, but
not investment professionals. See “Conflicts of Interest.”
Potential
Conflicts of Interest Risk — Allocation of Investment Opportunities. The
Advisors have adopted allocation procedures that are intended to treat each fund they advise in a manner that, over a period of time,
is fair and equitable. Ares and CION currently provide investment advisory and administration services and may provide in the future similar
services to other entities (collectively, “Advised Funds”). Certain existing Advised Funds have, and future Advised Funds
may have, investment objectives similar to those of the Fund, and such Advised Funds will invest in asset classes similar to those targeted
by the Fund. Certain other existing Advised Funds do not, and future Advised Funds may not, have similar investment objectives, but such
funds may from time to time invest in asset classes similar to those targeted by the Fund. The Advisors will endeavor to allocate investment
opportunities in a fair and equitable manner, and in any event consistent with any fiduciary duties owed to the Fund and other clients
and in an effort to avoid favoring one client over another and taking into account all relevant facts and circumstances,
including
(without limitation): (i) differences with respect to available capital, size of client, and remaining life of a client; (ii) differences
with respect to investment objectives or current investment strategies, including regarding: (a) current and total return requirements,
(b) emphasizing or limiting exposure to the security or type of security in question, (c) diversification, including industry
or company exposure, currency and jurisdiction, or (d) rating agency ratings; (iii) differences in risk profile at the time
an opportunity becomes available; (iv) the potential transaction and other costs of allocating an opportunity among various clients;
(v) potential conflicts of interest, including whether a client has an existing investment in the security in question or the issuer
of such security; (vi) the nature of the security or the transaction, including minimum investment amounts and the source of the
opportunity; (vii) current and anticipated market and general economic conditions; (viii) existing positions in a Borrower/loan/security;
and (ix) prior positions in a Borrower/loan/security. Nevertheless, it is possible that the Fund may not be given the opportunity
to participate in certain investments made by investment funds managed by investment managers affiliated with the Advisors.
The
Advisors may determine that the Fund should invest on a side-by-side basis with one or more Advised Funds. In certain circumstances, negotiated
co-investments may be made only in accordance with the terms of the exemptive order Ares received from the SEC (the “Order”).
Co-investments made under the Order are subject to compliance with the conditions and other requirements contained in the Order, which
could limit the Fund’s ability to participate in a co-investment transaction.
In
the event investment opportunities are allocated among the Fund and the other Advised Funds, the Fund may not be able to structure its
investment portfolio in the manner desired. Although the Advisors endeavor to allocate investment opportunities in a fair and equitable
manner, the Fund is not generally permitted to co-invest in any portfolio company in which a fund managed by Ares or any of its downstream
affiliates (other than the Fund and its downstream affiliates) currently has an investment. However, the Fund may co-invest with funds
managed by Ares or any of its downstream affiliates, subject to compliance with existing regulatory guidance, applicable regulations and
its allocation procedures. Furthermore, the Fund and the other Advised Funds may make investments in securities where the prevailing trading
activity may make impossible the receipt of the same price or execution on the entire volume of securities purchased or sold by the Fund
and the other Advised Funds. When this occurs, the various prices may be averaged, and the Fund will be charged or credited with the average
price. Thus, the effect of the aggregation may operate on some occasions to the disadvantage of the Fund. In addition, under certain circumstances,
the Fund may not be charged the same commission or commission equivalent rates in connection with a bunched or aggregated order.
It
is likely that the other Advised Funds may make investments in the same or similar securities at different times and on different terms
than the Fund. The Fund and the other Advised Funds may make investments at different levels of a Borrower’s capital structure or
otherwise in different classes of a Borrower’s securities, to the extent permitted by applicable law. Such investments may inherently
give rise to conflicts of interest or perceived conflicts of interest between or among the various classes of securities that may be held
by such entities. Conflicts may also arise because portfolio decisions regarding the Fund may benefit the other Advised Funds. For example,
the sale of a long position or establishment of a short position by the Fund may impair the price of the same security sold short by (and
therefore benefit) one or more Advised Funds, and the purchase of a security or covering of a short position in a security by the Fund
may increase the price of the same security held by (and therefore benefit) one or more Advised Funds.
Applicable
law, including the 1940 Act, may at times prevent the Fund from being able to participate in investments that it otherwise would participate
in, and may require the Fund to dispose of investments at a time when it otherwise would not dispose of such investment, in each case,
in order to comply with applicable law.
The
Advisors, their affiliates and their clients may pursue or enforce rights with respect to a Borrower in which the Fund has invested, and
those activities may have an adverse effect on the Fund. As a result, prices, availability, liquidity and terms of the Fund’s investments
may be negatively impacted by the activities of the Advisors and their affiliates or their clients, and transactions for the Fund may
be impaired or effected at prices or terms that may be less favorable than would otherwise have been the case.
The
Advisors may have a conflict of interest in deciding whether to cause the Fund to incur leverage or to invest in more speculative investments
or financial instruments, thereby potentially increasing the management and incentive fee payable by the Fund and, accordingly, the fees
received by the Advisors. Certain other Advised Funds pay the Advisors or their affiliates greater performance-based compensation, which
could create an incentive for the Advisors or an affiliate to favor such investment fund or account over the Fund.
Potential
Conflicts of Interest Risk — Allocation of Personnel. The
Fund’s executive officers and trustees, and the employees of the Advisors, serve or may serve as officers, directors or principals
of entities that operate in the same or a related line of business as the Fund or of investment funds or accounts managed by the Advisors
or their affiliates. As a result, they may have obligations to investors in those entities, the fulfillment of which might not be in the
best interests of the Fund or its Shareholders. Additionally, certain personnel of the Advisors and their management may face conflicts
in their time management and commitments.
Potential
Conflicts of Interest Risk — Lack of Information Barriers. By
reason of the various activities of the Advisors and their affiliates, the Advisors and such affiliates may acquire confidential or material
non-public information or otherwise be restricted from purchasing certain potential Fund investments that otherwise might have been purchased
or be restricted from selling certain Acquiring Fund investments that might otherwise have been sold at the time.
Portfolio
Fair Value Risk. Under the 1940 Act, the Fund is required to carry its portfolio
investments at market value or, if there is no readily available market value, at fair value. There is not a public market for the securities
of the privately held companies in which the Fund may invest. Many of the Fund’s investments are not exchange-traded, but are, instead,
traded on a privately negotiated OTC secondary market for institutional investors. The Advisor, as valuation designee, is responsible
for the valuation of the Fund’s portfolio investments and implementing the portfolio valuation process set forth in the Advisor’s
valuation policy to management. Valuations of Fund investments are disclosed quarterly in reports publicly filed with the SEC. See “Determination
of Net Asset Value.”
Certain
factors that may be considered in determining the fair value of the Fund’s investments include dealer quotes for securities traded
on the OTC secondary market for institutional investors, the nature and realizable value of any collateral, the portfolio company’s
earnings and its ability to make payments on its indebtedness, the markets in which the portfolio company does business, comparison to
comparable publicly-traded companies, discounted cash flow and other relevant factors. Because such valuations, and particularly valuations
of private securities and private companies, are inherently uncertain, may fluctuate over short periods of time and may be based on estimates,
determinations of fair value may differ materially from the values that would have been used if an exchange-traded market for these securities
existed. Due to this uncertainty, the Advisor’s fair value determinations may cause the Fund’s NAV on a given date to materially
understate or overstate the value that it may ultimately realize upon the sale of one or more of its investments.
Portfolio
Turnover Risk. The Fund’s annual portfolio turnover rate may vary greatly
from year to year, as well as within a given year. However, portfolio turnover rate is not considered a limiting factor in the execution
of investment decisions for the Fund. High portfolio turnover may result in the realization of net short-term capital gains by the Fund
which, when distributed to the Fund and, ultimately, Shareholders, will be taxable as ordinary income. In addition, a higher portfolio
turnover rate results in correspondingly greater brokerage commissions and other transactional expenses that are borne by the Fund.
General
Risks Associated with Derivatives. Although the Fund does not expect Derivatives
to represent a significant component of its portfolio initially, the Fund may use Derivatives including, in particular, swaps (including,
total return swaps), synthetic collateralized loan obligations, reverse repurchase agreements and other similar transactions, in seeking
to achieve its investment objective or for other reasons, such as cash management, financing activities or to hedge its positions. Accordingly,
Derivatives may be used in limited instances as a form of leverage or to seek to enhance returns, including speculation on changes in
credit spreads, interest rates or other characteristics of the market, individual securities or groups of securities. If the Fund invests
in a Derivative for speculative purposes, which the Fund does not
initially
intend to do, the Fund will be fully exposed to the risks of loss of that Derivative, which may sometimes be greater than the Derivative’s
cost. The use of Derivatives may involve substantial leverage. The use of Derivatives may subject the Fund to the following risks, including
but not limited to:
>
Credit
risk — the risk that the counterparty in a Derivative transaction will be
unable to honor its financial obligation to the Fund, or the risk that the reference entity in a credit default swap or similar Derivative
will not be able to honor its financial obligations. Certain participants in the Derivatives market, including larger financial institutions,
have recently experienced significant financial hardship and deteriorating credit conditions. If the Fund’s counterparty to a Derivative
transaction experiences a loss of capital, or is perceived to lack adequate capital or access to capital, it may experience margin calls
or other regulatory requirements to increase equity. Under such circumstances, the risk that a counterparty will be unable to honor its
obligations may increase substantially. If a counterparty becomes bankrupt or otherwise fails to perform its obligations under a derivative
contract, the Fund may experience significant delays in obtaining any recovery under the derivative contract in bankruptcy or other reorganization
proceeding. The Fund may obtain only a limited recovery or may obtain no recovery in such circumstances.
>
Currency
risk — the risk that changes in the exchange rate between two currencies will
adversely affect the value (in U.S. dollar terms) of an investment.
>
Leverage
risk — the risk associated with certain types of Derivative strategies that
relatively small market movements may result in large changes in the value of an investment. Certain investments or trading strategies
that involve leverage can result in losses that greatly exceed the amount originally invested.
>
Liquidity
risk — the risk that certain securities may be difficult or impossible to
sell at the time that the seller would like or at the price that the seller believes the security is currently worth. This risk is heightened
to the extent the Fund engages in OTC Derivative transactions.
>
Correlation
risk — the risk that changes in the value of a Derivative will not match the
changes in the value of the portfolio holdings that are being hedged or of the particular market, security or loan to which the Fund seeks
exposure.
>
Index
risk — if the Derivative is linked to the performance of an index, it will
be subject to the risks associated with changes in that index. If the index changes, the Fund could receive lower interest payments or
experience a reduction in the value of the Derivative to below what the Fund paid. Certain indexed securities, including inverse securities
(which move in an opposite direction to the index), may create leverage, to the extent that they increase or decrease in value at a rate
that is a multiple of the changes in the applicable index.
>
Regulatory
risk — various legislative and regulatory initiatives may impact the availability,
liquidity and cost of Derivatives, including potentially limiting or restricting the ability of the Fund to use certain Derivatives or
certain counterparties as a part of its investment strategy, increasing the costs of using these instruments or making these instruments
less effective. See “Types of Investments and Related Risks — Legislation and Regulation Risks”.
Options
and Futures Risk. The Fund may utilize options and futures contracts and so-called
“synthetic” options or other Derivatives written by broker-dealers or other permissible Financial Intermediaries. Options
transactions may be effected on securities exchanges or in the OTC market. When options are purchased OTC, the Fund’s portfolio
bears the risk that the counterparty that wrote the option will be unable or unwilling to perform its obligations under the option contract.
Options may also be illiquid and, in such cases, the Fund may have difficulty closing out its position. OTC options also may include options
on baskets of specific securities.
The
Fund may purchase call and put options on specific securities, and may write and sell covered or uncovered call and put options for hedging
purposes in pursuing its investment objective. A put option gives the purchaser of the option the right to sell, and obligates the writer
to buy, the underlying security at a stated exercise price, typically at any time prior to the expiration of the option. A call option
gives the purchaser of the option the right to buy, and obligates the writer to sell, the underlying security at a stated
exercise
price, typically at any time prior to the expiration of the option. A covered call option is a call option with respect to which the seller
of the option owns the underlying security. The sale of a call option exposes the seller during the term of the option to possible loss
of opportunity to realize appreciation in the market price of the underlying security or to possible continued holding of a security that
might otherwise have been sold to protect against depreciation in the market price of the security. In the sale of a put, losses may be
significant and, in the sale of a call, losses can be unlimited.
The
Fund may close out a position when writing options by purchasing an option on the same security with the same exercise price and expiration
date as the option that it has previously written on the security. In such a case, the Fund will realize a profit or loss if the amount
paid to purchase an option is less or more than the amount received from the sale of the option.
Purchasing
a futures contract creates an obligation to take delivery of the specific type of financial instrument at a specific future time at a
specific price for contracts that require physical delivery, or net payment for cash-settled contracts. Engaging in transactions in futures
contracts involves risk of loss to the Fund. No assurance can be given that a liquid market will exist for any particular futures contract
at any particular time. All terms of futures contracts are set forth in the rules of the exchange on which the futures contracts are traded.
Many futures exchanges and boards of trade limit the amount of fluctuation permitted in futures contract prices during a single trading
day. Once the daily limit has been reached in a particular contract, no trades may be made that day at a price beyond that limit or trading
may be suspended for specified periods during the trading day. Futures contract prices could move to the limit for several consecutive
trading days with little or no trading, preventing prompt liquidation of futures positions and potentially subjecting the Fund to substantial
losses. Successful use of futures also is subject to the Advisors’ ability to predict correctly the direction of movements in the
relevant market, and, to the extent the transaction is entered into for hedging purposes, to determine the appropriate correlation between
the transaction being hedged and the price movements of the futures contract.
Cybersecurity
Risks. Cybersecurity refers to the combination of technologies, processes and
procedures established to protect information technology systems and data from unauthorized access, attack or damage. The Fund and its
respective affiliates and third-party service providers are subject to cybersecurity risks. Cyber security risks have significantly increased
in recent years and, while the Fund has not experienced any material losses relating to cyber attacks or other information security
breaches, the Fund could suffer such losses in the future. The Fund’s and its respective affiliates’ and third-party service
providers’ computer systems, software and networks may be vulnerable to unauthorized access, computer viruses or other malicious
code and other events that could have a security impact. If one or more of such events occur, this potentially could jeopardize confidential
and other information, including nonpublic personal information and sensitive business data, processed and stored in, and transmitted
through, computer systems and networks, or otherwise cause interruptions or malfunctions in the Fund’s operations or the operations
of its respective affiliates and third-party service providers. This could result in significant losses, reputational damage, litigation,
regulatory fines or penalties, investigations or otherwise adversely affect the Fund’s business, financial condition or results
of operations. Privacy and information security laws and regulation changes, and compliance with those changes, may result in cost increases
due to system changes and the development of new administrative processes. In addition, the Fund may be required to expend significant
additional resources to modify the Fund’s protective measures and to investigate and remediate vulnerabilities or other exposures
arising from operational and security risks.
Risks
Relating to Fund’s RIC Status. Although the Fund has elected to be treated
as a RIC under Subchapter M of the Code, no assurance can be given that the Fund will be able to qualify for and maintain RIC status.
If the Fund qualifies as a RIC under the Code, the Fund generally will not be subject to corporate-level federal income taxes on its income
and capital gains that are timely distributed (or deemed distributed) as dividends for U.S. federal income tax purposes to its Shareholders.
To qualify as a RIC under the Code and to be relieved of federal taxes on income and gains distributed as dividends for U.S. federal income
tax purposes to the Fund’s Shareholders, the Fund must, among other things, meet certain source-of-income, asset diversification
and distribution requirements. The distribution requirement for a RIC is satisfied if the Fund distributes dividends each tax year for
U.S. federal income tax purposes of an amount generally at least equal to 90% of the sum of its net ordinary income and net short-term
capital gains in excess of net long-term capital losses, if any, to the Fund’s Shareholders.
.
RIC-Related
Risks of Investments Generating Non-Cash Taxable Income. Certain of the Fund’s
investments will require the Fund to recognize taxable income in a tax year in excess of the cash generated on those investments during
that year. In particular, the Fund expects to invest in loans and other debt instruments that will be treated as having “market
discount” and/or original issue discount (“OID”) for U.S. federal income tax purposes. Because the Fund may be required
to recognize income in respect of these investments before, or without receiving, cash representing such income, the Fund may have difficulty
satisfying the annual distribution requirements applicable to RICs and avoiding Fund-level U.S. federal income and/or excise taxes. Accordingly,
the Fund may be required to sell assets, including at potentially disadvantageous times or prices, raise additional debt or equity capital,
make taxable distributions of Shares or debt securities, or reduce new investments, to obtain the cash needed to make these income distributions.
If the Fund liquidates assets to raise cash, the Fund may realize additional gain or loss on such liquidations. In the event the Fund
realizes additional net capital gains from such liquidation transactions, Shareholders, may receive larger capital gain distributions
than it or they would in the absence of such transactions.
Instruments
that are treated as having OID for U.S. federal income tax purposes may have unreliable valuations because their continuing accruals require
judgments about the collectability of the deferred payments and the value of any collateral. Loans that are treated as having OID generally
represent a significantly higher credit risk than coupon loans. Accruals on such instruments may create uncertainty about the source of
Fund distributions to Shareholders. OID creates the risk of non-refundable cash payments to the Advisors based on accruals that may never
be realized. In addition, the deferral of payment-in-kind (“PIK”) interest also reduces a loan’s loan-to-value ratio
at a compounding rate.
Uncertain
Tax Treatment. The Fund may invest a portion of its net assets in below investment
grade instruments. Investments in these types of instruments may present special tax issues for the Fund. U.S. federal income tax rules
are not entirely clear about issues such as when the Fund may cease to accrue interest, OID or market discount, when and to what extent
deductions may be taken for bad debts or worthless instruments, how payments received on obligations in default should be allocated between
principal and income and whether exchanges of debt obligations in a bankruptcy or workout context are taxable. These and other issues
will be addressed by the Fund to the extent necessary in connection with the Fund’s intention to distribute sufficient income each
tax year to minimize the risk that it becomes subject to U.S. federal income or excise tax.
MANAGEMENT
OF THE FUND
Trustees
Pursuant
to the Declaration of Trust and bylaws, the Fund’s business and affairs are managed under the direction of the Board, which has
overall responsibility for monitoring and overseeing the Fund’s management and operations. The Board consists of nine members, five
of whom are considered Independent Trustees. The Trustees are subject to removal or replacement in accordance with Delaware law and the
Declaration of Trust. The Trustees serving on the Board, except for Jeffrey B. Perlowitz and Elaine Orr, were elected by the organizational
Shareholder of the Fund. Jeffrey B. Perlowitz and Elaine Orr were appointed to the Board by the Trustees. The Statement of Additional
Information provides additional information about the Trustees.
CAM
serves as the Fund’s investment advisor pursuant to the terms of the Investment Advisory Agreement and subject to the authority
of, and any policies established by, the Board. Ares Capital serves as the Fund’s investment sub-advisor pursuant to the terms of
the Investment Sub-Advisory Agreement. Pursuant to the Investment Advisory Agreement and Investment Sub-Advisory Agreement, the Advisors
manage the Fund’s investment portfolio, direct purchases and sales of portfolio securities and report thereon to the Fund’s
officers and Trustees regularly.
The
Board, including a majority of the Independent Trustees, oversees and monitors the Fund’s investment performance. After an initial
two-year term, the Board will review on an annual basis the Investment Advisory Agreement and the Investment Sub-Advisory Agreement to
determine, among other things, whether the fees payable under such agreements are reasonable in light of the services provided.
Investment
Personnel
The
Fund is primarily the responsibility of two portfolio managers, Mitch Goldstein and Greg Margolies. The Fund is also supported by thirteen
additional members of the Sub-Advisor’s Allocation Committee.
Below
is biographical information relating to Mitch Goldstein and Greg Margolies and the members of the Sub-Advisor’s Allocation Committee:
Mitch
Goldstein
Mitch
Goldstein is a Partner and Co-Head of the Ares Credit Group. Mitch Goldstein serves on the Ares Executive Management Committee. Additionally,
Mitch Goldstein serves as Co-President of ARCC, interested trustee and Co-Chief Executive Officer of Ares Strategic Income Fund, and Vice
President and interested trustee of the Fund. Mitch Goldstein is a member of the Ares Credit Group’s U.S. Direct Lending, Commercial
Finance, Pathfinder and the Ivy Hill Asset Management Investment Committees, the Ares Infrastructure Debt Investment Committee, and the
Ares SSG Direct Lending (Australia). Prior to joining Ares Management in May 2005, Mitch Goldstein worked at Credit Suisse First
Boston (“CSFB”), where Mitch Goldstein was a Managing Director in the Financial Sponsors Group. At CSFB, Mitch Goldstein was
responsible for providing investment banking services to private equity funds and hedge funds with a focus on M&A and restructurings
as well as capital raisings, including high yield, bank debt, mezzanine debt, and initial public offerings. Mitch Goldstein joined CSFB
in 2000 at the completion of the merger with Donaldson, Lufkin & Jenrette. From 1998 to 2000, Mitch Goldstein was at Indosuez Capital,
where Mitch Goldstein was a member of the Investment Committee and a Principal, responsible for originating, structuring and executing
leveraged transactions across a broad range of products and asset classes. From 1993 to 1998, Mitch Goldstein worked at Bankers Trust.
Mitch Goldstein also serves on the Board of Managers of Ivy Hill Asset Management GP, LLC. Mitch Goldstein graduated summa cum laude from
the State University of New York at Binghamton with a B.S. in Accounting and received an M.B.A. from Columbia University’s Graduate
School of Business.
Greg
Margolies
Greg
Margolies is a Partner in the Ares Credit Group. Greg Margolies serves as a member of the Ares Credit Group’s Alternative Credit
Investment Committee, the Ares Private Equity Group’s Special Opportunities Investment Committee and is on the Board of Directors
of the Ares Charitable Foundation.
Prior
to joining Ares in 2009, Greg Margolies served as a Managing Director and Global Head of Leveraged Finance and Capital Commitments at
Merrill Lynch & Co. and was a member of the Executive Committee for Merrill Lynch’s Global Investment Banking Group. Previously,
Greg Margolies was Co-Head of the DB Capital Mezzanine Fund. Greg Margolies serves on the Board of Directors for the International Organization
for Women and Development and the Advisory Council for University of Michigan’s Life Science Institute. Greg Margolies holds a B.A.
from the University of Michigan in International Economics and Finance and an M.B.A. from the University of Pennsylvania Wharton School
of Business.
Keith
Ashton
Keith
Ashton is a Partner, Portfolio Manager and Co-Head of Alternative Credit in the Ares Credit Group. Keith Ashton serves as a Vice President
and Portfolio Manager for Ares Dynamic Credit Allocation Fund, Inc. (NYSE:ARDC). Keith Ashton serves as a member of the Ares Credit Group’s
Alternative Credit Pathfinder and Pathfinder Core Investment Committees. Additionally, Keith Ashton serves on the Ares Diversity, Equity
and Inclusion Council. Prior to joining Ares in 2011, Keith Ashton was a Partner at Indicus Advisors LLP, where Keith Ashton focused on
launching the global structured credit business in May 2007. Previously, Keith Ashton was a Portfolio Manager and Head of Structured
Credit at TIAA-CREF, where Keith Ashton focused on managing a portfolio of structured credit investments and helped launch TIAA’s
institutional asset management business. Keith Ashton’s experience as an investor in alternative fixed income products spans virtually
all securitized asset classes, including CLOs, consumer and commercial receivables, insurance and legal settlements, small business and
trade receivables, whole business securitizations, timeshare and other mortgage-related receivables, and esoteric asset classes such as
catastrophe risk and intellectual property. Keith Ashton holds a B.A. from Brigham Young University in Economics and an M.B.A. from the
University of Rochester William E. Simon School of Business in Finance and Accounting.
Seth
Brufsky
Seth
Brufsky is a Partner, Portfolio Manager and Chairman of Global Liquid Credit in the Ares Credit Group. Seth Brufsky also serves as the
Chief Executive Officer, President and is a Director of ARDC. Additionally, Seth Brufsky serves as a member of the Ares Credit Group’s
Liquid Credit Investment Committee. Prior to joining Ares in 1998, Seth Brufsky was a member of the Corporate Strategy and Research Group
of Merrill Lynch & Co., where Seth Brufsky focused on analyzing and marketing non-investment grade securities. Previously, Seth Brufsky
was a member of the Institutional Sales and Trading Group of the Global Fixed Income Division at Union Bank of Switzerland. Seth Brufsky
serves on the Board of Trustees of Choate Rosemary Hall, a private, co-educational, college-preparatory boarding school, and serves on
the Dean’s Advisory Boards for the College of Arts and Sciences and the College of Agriculture and Life Sciences of Cornell University.
Seth Brufsky also serves on the Board of the Luminescence Foundation, a charitable giving organization. Seth Brufsky holds a B.S. from
Cornell University in Applied Economics and Business Management and an M.B.A., with honors, from the University of Southern California
Marshall School of Business in Finance, where Seth Brufsky was awarded the Glassick Scholarship for academic achievement.
Kipp
deVeer
Kipp
deVeer is a Director and Partner of Ares Management Corporation and Head of the Ares Credit Group. Kipp deVeer is a member of the Ares
Executive Management Committee and the Ares Diversity, Equity and Inclusion Council. Kipp deVeer also serves as a Director and Chief Executive
Officer of ARCC and an interested trustee and Chairman of the Board of Trustees of Ares Strategic Income Fund. Kipp deVeer is a member
of the Ares Credit Group’s U.S. Direct Lending, European Direct Lending and Pathfinder Investment Committees. Prior to joining Ares
in 2004, Kipp deVeer was a partner at RBC Capital Partners, a division of Royal Bank of Canada, which led the firm’s middle market
financing and principal investment business. Kipp deVeer joined RBC in October 2001 from Indosuez Capital, where Kip deVeer was Vice
President in the Merchant Banking Group. Previously, Kipp deVeer worked at J.P. Morgan and Co., both in the Special Investment Group of
J.P. Morgan Investment Management, Inc. and the Investment Banking Division of J.P. Morgan Securities Inc. Kipp deVeer received a B.A.
from Yale University and an M.B.A. from Stanford University’s Graduate School of Business.
Mark
Gatto
Mark
Gatto is Co-Founder, Co-Chief Executive Officer and Co-President of CION and CIC. Mark Gatto is also a Director of CAM. Mark Gatto serves
on the investment committee of CIC and the investment allocation committee of the Fund. Mark Gatto joined CION in 1999. Mark Gatto served
as Executive Vice President and Chief Acquisitions Officer from May 2007 through January 2008. Mark Gatto served as Executive
Vice President of Business Development from May 2006 through May 2007 and Vice President of Marketing from August 2005
through February 2006. Mark Gatto was also Associate General Counsel from November 1999 until October 2000. Previously,
Mark Gatto was an executive for a leading international product development and marketing company from 2000 through 2003. Later, Mark
Gatto co-founded a specialty business-consulting firm in New York City where Mark Gatto served as its managing partner before re-joining
CION in 2005. Mark Gatto was also an attorney in private practice prior to joining the firm. Mark Gatto received an M.B.A from the W.
Paul Stillman School of Business at Seton Hall University, a J.D. from Seton Hall University School of Law, and a B.S. from Montclair
State University.
Scott
Graves
Scott
Graves is a Partner, Co-Head of Private Equity Group, Portfolio Manager and Head of Special Opportunities. Scott Graves serves as a member
of the Ares Executive Management Committee and the Ares Private Equity Group’s Corporate Opportunities, Special Opportunities, Energy
Opportunities, and Extended Value Investment Committees. Scott Graves currently serves as the Chairman of the Board for Savers Value Village,
Inc. and serves on the boards of Altafiber, Infrastructure and Energy Alternatives, Inc., McLaren Automotive Group and Vmo Aircraft Leasing
Group, LLC. Prior to joining Ares in 2017, Scott Graves spent over 15 years in various capacities as a senior executive and investment
professional for Oaktree Capital Management, L.P. From 2013 through 2016, Scott Graves served as Oaktree’s Head of Credit Strategies
and Portfolio Manager of Multi-Strategy Credit. Scott Graves was responsible for a substantial portion of Oaktree’s credit platform,
managed investment portfolios spanning the breadth of Oaktree’s credit strategies and was active in Oaktree corporate management,
serving on the Capital and Risk Management Board, the Senior Leadership Counsel, the Product Governance Board and the Project Steering
Committee. From 2001 through 2013, Scott Graves was an investment professional in Oaktree’s Opportunities Funds, Value Opportunities
Fund and Strategic Credit Funds strategies, where Scott Graves served as a Portfolio Manager. Scott Graves also managed Oaktree’s
corporate and strategic development group, leading the firm’s product step-outs into emerging market credit, strategic credit, value
equities, infrastructure, the enhanced income strategies, structured credit and senior secured lending. Prior to joining Oaktree, Scott
Graves served as a Principal in William E. Simon & Sons’ private equity group and as an Analyst at Merrill Lynch & Company
in the mergers and acquisitions group. Additionally, Scott Graves worked at Price Waterhouse LLP in the audit business services division.
Scott Graves holds a B.A. from the University of California, Los Angeles, in History and an M.B.A. from the Wharton School at the University
of Pennsylvania, where Scott Graves currently serves on the Wharton School Graduate Executive Board. Scott Graves is a Certified Public
Accountant (inactive).
Blair
Jacobson
Blair
Jacobson is a Partner and Co-Head of European Credit in the Ares Credit Group and serves on the Ares Executive Management Committee and
the Ares Diversity, Equity and Inclusion Council. Blair Jacobson also serves on the boards of Ares Management Limited and Ares Management
UK Limited. Additionally, Blair Jacobson serves on the Ares Credit Group’s European Direct Lending and European Liquid Credit Investment
Committees, the Ares Secondaries Group’s Credit Investment Committee and the Ares Sports, Media and Entertainment Investment Committee.
Prior to joining Ares in 2012, Blair Jacobson was a Partner at The StepStone Group, where Blair Jacobson focused on building and running
European operations, including oversight of private debt and equity investments. Previously, Blair Jacobson was a Partner at Citigroup
Private Equity and Mezzanine Partners in London and New York. In addition, Blair Jacobson has held a variety of roles in investment banking
and mergers and acquisitions in a broad range of industries, including at Lehman Brothers. Blair Jacobson holds a B.A., magna cum laude,
from Williams College in Political Economy and an M.B.A., with honors, from the University of Chicago Booth School of Business in Finance.
Jeffrey
Kramer
Jeffrey
Kramer is a Partner, Portfolio Manager and Head of ABS in the Ares Credit Group, where Jeffrey Kramer focuses on alternative credit investments.
Additionally, Jeffrey Kramer serves as a member of the Ares Credit Group’s Alternative Credit, Pathfinder, Pathfinder Core Investment
Committees. Prior to joining Ares in 2013, Jeffrey Kramer worked in the Special Situations Group at Goldman Sachs & Co., where Jeffrey
Kramer was a member of the Asset Investing team from 2009 through 2013, focusing on investing and lending across a wide range of consumer
and commercial related assets. Prior to Jeffrey Kramer’s integration into the Special Situations Group at Goldman Sachs, Jeffrey
Kramer founded ReMark Capital Group, LLC, in 2005, an investment management company focused on the acquisition and structured lending
of pools of consumer loans. ReMark Capital was a partnership between Jeffrey Kramer and Goldman Sachs, and the platform was acquired in
full by Goldman Sachs in 2009. Previously, Jeffrey Kramer was an Executive Director in the Global Financial Markets Division and Co-Head
of the Securitization and Structured Credit Unit of WestLB AG, a European based global commercial and investment bank. Prior to that,
Jeffrey Kramer worked in the Structured Finance and Capital Markets Groups of both Rothschild, Inc. and Nomura Securities and was a Vice
President in the Asset Finance Unit at Financial Security Assurance Inc. Jeffrey Kramer holds a B.B.A. from the University of Texas at
Austin in Finance.
Michael
A. Reisner
Michael
A. Reisner is Co-Founder, Co-Chief Executive Officer and Co-President of CION as well as Co-Chief Executive Officer of CIC. In addition,
Michael A. Reisner is a Director of CAM. Michael A. Reisner serves on the Investment Committee of CIC as well as the Investment Allocation
committee of the Fund. Before co-founding CION in 2012, Michael A. Reisner held positions of increasing responsibility at its predecessor
company, including serving as co-Chief Executive Officer from 2008 to 2012, Chief Financial Officer from 2007 to 2008, Executive Vice
President — Originations from February 2006 through 2007 and Senior Vice President and General Counsel from 2004
through 2006. Earlier in Michael A. Reisner’s career, Michael A. Reisner was an attorney in private practice in New York from 1996
to 2001. Michael A. Reisner serves on the Boards of both CIC and the Fund and served on the Board of the Institute for Portfolio Alternatives
(IPA) from 2018 to 2021. Michael A. Reisner received a J.D., cum laude, from New York Law School and a B.A. from the University of Vermont.
David
A. Sachs
David
A. Sachs is a Partner in the Ares Strategy and Relationship Management Group, and focuses on the Ares Credit Group’s publicly traded
funds, strategic growth opportunities for Ares and facilitating the sharing of credit knowledge across the Ares platform. David A. Sachs
serves as a Director and Chairman of the Board of ARDC and is an interested trustee of the Fund. David A. Sachs also serves as an interested
trustee of Ares Private Markets Fund. Additionally, David A. Sachs serves as a member of the Ares Credit Group’s Alternative Credit
Investment Committee, the Ares Private Equity Group’s Energy Opportunities, Extended Value, and Asia Investment Committees, the
Ares Real Estate Global and Real Estate Debt Investment Committees, and the Ares Equity Income Opportunity Strategy Portfolio Review Committee.
Prior to joining Ares in 1997, David A. Sachs was a Principal of Onyx Partners, Inc., where David A. Sachs focused on merchant banking
and related capital raising activities in the private equity and mezzanine debt markets. Previously, David A. Sachs also worked with Taylor
& Co., an investment manager providing investment advisory and consulting services to members of the Bass Family of Fort Worth, Texas,
and Columbia Savings and Loan Association as Executive Vice President, where David A. Sachs was responsible for asset-liability management
and running the investment management department. David A. Sachs serves as the Non-Executive Chairman of Terex Corporation and is on the
Board of Trustees and the McCormick Advisory Council at Northwestern University. David A. Sachs holds a B.S. from Northwestern University
in Industrial Engineering and Management Science.
Kort
Schnabel
Kort
Schnabel is a Partner in the Ares Credit Group and serves as Co-Head for U.S. Direct Lending, serving on the U.S. Direct Lending Investment
Committee. Additionally, Kort Schnabel serves as Co-President of ARCC. Kort Schnabel also serves on the Ares Sports, Media and Entertainment
Investment
Committee and acts as a co-lead for the strategy. Prior to joining Ares in 2001, Kort Schnabel was in the Corporate Development Group
at Walker Digital Corporation, a business and technology research and development firm, where Kort Schnabel was responsible for corporate
finance, merger and acquisition and strategic planning activities. Previously, Kort Schnabel was in the Corporate Finance Group at Morgan
Stanley, where Kort Schnabel performed financial analyses for mergers and acquisitions, leveraged buyouts and equity/debt offerings. Kort
Schnabel holds a B.A., cum laude, from the University of Pennsylvania in Economics.
Michael
Smith
Michael
Smith is a Partner and Co-Head of the Ares Global Credit Group. Michael Smith serves on the Ares Executive Management Committee. Additionally,
Michael Smith serves as a Director of ARCC and previously served as Co-President of ARCC from July 2014 to October 2022 and
Executive Vice President from May 2013 to July 2014. Michael Smith also serves as an interested trustee and Co-Chief Executive
Officer of Ares Strategic Income Fund. Michael Smith is a member of the Ares Credit Group’s U.S. Direct Lending and Commercial Finance
Investment Committees, the Ivy Hill Asset Management Investment Committee, the Ares Private Equity Group’s Special Opportunities
Investment Committee, the Ares Secondaries Group’s Private Equity Investment Committee, and the Ares Infrastructure Group’s
Infrastructure Group’s Infrastructure Opportunities, Climate Infrastructure Partners and Infrastructure Debt Investment Committees.
Prior to joining Ares in 2004, Michael Smith was a Partner at RBC Capital Partners, a division of Royal Bank of Canada, which led the
firm’s middle market financing and principal investment business. Previously, Michael Smith worked at Indosuez Capital in their
Merchant Banking Group, Kenter, Glastris & Company, and at Salomon Brothers Inc., in their Debt Capital Markets Group and Financial
Institutions Group. Michael Smith serves on the Board of Directors of the University of Notre Dame’s Wilson Sheehan Lab for Economic
Opportunity (LEO), which helps service providers apply scientific evaluation methods to better understand and share effective poverty
interventions. Michael Smith received a B.S. in Business Administration from the University of Notre Dame and a Masters in Management
from Northwestern University’s Kellogg Graduate School of Management.
Bryan
Donohoe
Bryan
Donohoe is a Partner and Co-Head of Ares U.S. Real Estate. Bryan Donohoe is also the Chief Executive Officer of Ares Commercial Real Estate
Corporation. Additionally, Bryan Donohoe serves on the Ares Real Estate Global Investment Committee and the Ares Real Estate Debt Investment
Committee. Prior to joining Ares in 2019, Bryan Donohoe was a Managing Director for Commercial Real Estate Debt in AllianceBernstein’s
Real Estate Investment Group. Previously, Bryan Donohoe was a Senior Professional at Ranieri Real Estate Partners. In addition, Bryan
Donohoe spent 10 years at Deutsche Bank, where Bryan Donohoe focused on originating, structuring and closing of first mortgage loans,
B notes and mezzanine debt. Bryan Donohoe holds a B.A. from Middlebury College in Political Science.
Boris
Okuliar
Boris
Okuliar is a Partner, Portfolio Manager and Co-Head of Global Liquid Credit in the Ares Credit Group. Boris Okuliar serves as a member
of the Ares Credit Group’s European Liquid Credit and European Direct Lending Investment Committees. Prior to joining Ares in 2016,
Boris Okuliar was a Managing Director and Head of Capital Markets for Global Market Strategies at The Carlyle Group, where Boris Okuliar
focused on sourcing credit investment opportunities from banks and sponsors, syndicating excess risk, and developing new business opportunities.
Previously, Boris Okuliar was Head of Leveraged Capital Markets for UBS, where Boris Okuliar focused on the structuring and market execution
of leveraged loans, bridge financing and high yield bond placements. In addition, Boris Okuliar was Head of High Yield Capital Markets
and Syndicate at Barclays Capital in London. Boris Okuliar has also worked for Banc of America Securities in Syndicated Finance and High
Yield Capital Markets in the U.S. and London. Boris Okuliar holds a B.S.B.A. from Georgetown University with a double major in Finance
and International Business, and is a graduate of the Advanced Management Program at Harvard Business School.
Control
Persons
A
control person generally is a person who beneficially owns more than 25% of the voting securities of a company or has the power to exercise
control over the management or policies of such company. To the knowledge of the Fund, as of March 31, 2023, no persons were deemed to
control the Fund.
Administrative
Services
Pursuant
to the CAM Administration Agreement, CAM furnishes the Fund with office equipment and clerical, bookkeeping and record keeping services
at the Fund’s office facilities. Under the CAM Administration Agreement, the Fund is obligated to reimburse CAM, at cost, based
upon the Fund’s allocable portion of CAM’s overhead and other expenses (including travel expenses) incurred by CAM in performing
its obligations under the CAM Administration Agreement, including the Fund’s allocable portion of the compensation of certain of
its officers (including but not limited to the chief compliance officer, chief financial officer, chief accounting officer, general counsel,
treasurer and assistant treasurer) and their respective staffs. The CAM Administration Agreement may be terminated by either party without
penalty upon 60 days’ written notice to the other party. The total expenses incurred under the CAM Administration Agreement
for the year ended December 31, 2022 were approximately $1,774,000.
Pursuant
to the ALPS Administration Agreement, ALPS Fund Services performs, or administers the performance of, certain of the Fund’s
required administrative services, which include, among other things, providing administrative assistance in accounting, legal, compliance,
and operations, preparing the financial records that the Fund is required to maintain and preparing reports to the Fund’s Shareholders
and reports filed with the SEC. In addition, ALPS Fund Services coordinates the preparation and filing of the Fund’s tax returns
and generally coordinates the payment of the Fund’s expenses and the performance of administrative and professional services rendered
to the Fund by others. The total expenses incurred under the ALPS Administration Agreement for the year ended December 31, 2022 were
approximately $2,456,000.
Distribution
Fee
Class L
Shares will pay to the Distributor a Distribution Fee that will accrue at an annual rate equal to 0.25% of the Fund’s average daily
net assets attributable to Class L Shares and is payable on a quarterly basis. See “Plan of Distribution.”
Indemnification
The
Investment Advisory Agreement and Investment Sub-Advisory Agreement provide that, absent willful misfeasance, bad faith or gross negligence
in the performance of its duties or by reason of the reckless disregard of its duties and obligations, the Advisors, their members and
their respective officers, managers, partners, agents, employees, controlling persons, members and any other person or entity affiliated
with any of them are entitled to indemnification from the Fund for any damages, liabilities, costs and expenses (including reasonable
attorneys’ fees and amounts reasonably paid in settlement) arising out of or otherwise based upon the performance of any of the
Advisors’ duties or obligations under the Investment Advisory Agreement and Investment Sub-Advisory Agreement or otherwise as an
investment advisor or investment sub-advisor of the Fund.
Custodians,
Distribution Paying Agent, Transfer Agent and Registrar
State
Street Bank and Trust Company, which has its principal office at Channel Center, 1 Iron Street, Boston, MA, 02210, serves as custodian
for the Fund.
SS&C
GIDS, Inc., which has its principal office at 333 W 11th Street, 5th Floor, Kansas City, MO 64105, serves as the Fund’s distribution
paying agent, transfer agent and registrar.
FUND
EXPENSES
The
Advisors bear all of their own costs incurred in providing investment advisory and sub-advisory services to the Fund. As described below,
however, the Fund bears all other expenses incurred in the business and operation of the Fund, including amounts that the Fund reimburses
to CAM and ALPS Fund Services for certain administrative services that CAM and ALPS Fund Services provide or arrange to be provided
to the Fund.
Expenses
borne directly by the Fund include:
•
corporate,
organizational and offering costs relating to offerings of Shares and Preferred Shares;
•
the
cost of calculating the NAV of Shares, including the cost of any third-party pricing or valuation services;
•
the
cost of effecting sales and repurchases of Shares and other securities;
•
the
Management Fee and Incentive Fee;
•
investment
related expenses (e.g., expenses
that, in the Advisors’ discretion, are related to the investment of the Fund’s assets, whether or not such investments are
consummated), including, as applicable, brokerage commissions, borrowing charges on securities sold short, clearing and settlement charges,
recordkeeping, interest expense, dividends on securities sold but not yet purchased, margin fees, investment related travel and lodging
expenses and research-related expenses;
•
professional
fees relating to investments, including expenses of consultants, investment bankers, attorneys, accountants and other experts;
•
fees
and expenses relating to software tools, programs or other technology (including risk management software, fees to risk management services
providers, third-party software licensing, implementation, data management and recovery services and custom development costs);
•
research
and market data (including news and quotation equipment and services, and any computer hardware and connectivity hardware (e.g.,
telephone and fiber optic lines) incorporated into the cost of obtaining such research and market data);
•
all
costs and charges for equipment or services used in communicating information regarding the Fund’s transactions among the Advisors
and any custodian or other agent engaged by the Fund;
•
transfer
agent and custodial fees;
•
Distributor
costs;
•
fees
and expenses associated with marketing efforts;
•
federal
and any state registration or notification fees;
•
federal,
state and local taxes;
•
fees
and expenses of Trustees not also serving in an executive officer capacity for the Fund or the Advisors;
•
the
costs of preparing, printing and mailing reports and other communications, including tender offer correspondence or similar materials,
to Shareholders;
•
fidelity
bond, Trustees and officers errors and omissions liability insurance and other insurance premiums;
•
direct
costs such as printing, mailing, long distance telephone and staff;
•
overhead
costs, including rent, office supplies, utilities and capital equipment;
•
legal
expenses (including those expenses associated with preparing the Fund’s public filings, attending and preparing for Board meetings,
as applicable, and generally serving as counsel to the Fund);
•
external
accounting expenses (including fees and disbursements and expenses related to the annual audit of the Fund and the preparation of the
Fund’s tax information);
•
any
costs and expenses associated with or related to due diligence performed with respect to the Fund’s offering of its shares, including
but not limited to, costs associated with or related to due diligence activities performed by, on behalf of, or for the benefit of broker-dealers,
registered investment advisors, and third-party due diligence providers;
•
costs
associated with reporting and compliance obligations under the 1940 Act and applicable federal and state securities laws, including compliance
with The Sarbanes-Oxley Act of 2002;
•
all
other expenses incurred by the Fund, CAM and ALPS Fund Services in connection with administering the Fund’s business, including
expenses incurred by CAM and ALPS Fund Services in performing administrative services for the Fund and administrative personnel paid
by CAM and ALPS Fund Services, to the extent they are not controlling persons of CAM and ALPS Fund Services or any of their
respective affiliates, subject to the limitations included in the Administration Agreements; and
•
any
expenses incurred outside of the ordinary course of business, including, without limitation, costs incurred in connection with any claim,
litigation, arbitration, mediation, government investigation or similar proceeding and indemnification expenses as provided for in the
Fund’s organizational documents.
Further,
Class L Shares are subject to a quarterly shareholder servicing fee at an annual rate of up to 0.25% of the average daily net assets
of the Fund attributable to Class L Shares. In addition, Class L Shares are subject to a 0.25% Distribution Fee.
It
is also understood and agreed that if persons associated with the Advisors or any of their affiliates, including persons who are officers
of the Fund, provide accounting, legal, clerical or administrative services to the Fund at the request of the Fund, the Fund will reimburse
the Advisors and their affiliates for their costs in providing such accounting, legal, clerical or administrative services to the Fund
(which costs may include an allocation of overhead including rent and the allocable portion of the salaries and benefits of the relevant
persons and their respective staffs, including travel expenses), using a methodology for determining costs approved by the Board. Nothing
contained herein shall be construed to restrict the Fund’s right to hire its own employees or to contract for services to be performed
by third parties.
Except
as otherwise described in this prospectus, the Advisors and ALPS Fund Services will be reimbursed by the Fund, as applicable, for
any of the above expenses that they pay on behalf of the Fund, including administrative expenses they incur on the Fund’s behalf.
Expense
Support and Conditional Reimbursement Agreement
The
Advisor and the Fund have entered into the Expense Support and Conditional Reimbursement Agreement under which the Advisor may voluntarily
determine to provide an Expense Payment to the Fund to the extent that it deems appropriate in order to ensure that the Fund bears an
appropriate level of expenses. The Expense Support and Conditional Reimbursement Agreement will remain in effect at least until July 31,
2023, unless and until the Board approves its modification or termination. The Expense Support and Conditional Reimbursement Agreement
may be renewed for additional one-year terms by the mutual agreement of the Advisor and the Fund. Prior to July 31, 2019, the Advisor
had agreed contractually to reimburse the Fund’s initial organizational and offering costs, as well as the Fund’s operating
expenses, to the extent that aggregate distributions made to the Fund’s shareholders during the applicable quarter exceeded the
sum of (i) the Fund’s net investment Fund taxable income (including net short-term capital gains reduced by net long-term capital
losses); (ii) the Fund’s net capital gains (including the excess of net long-term capital gains over net short-term capital
losses); and (iii) dividends and other distributions paid to or otherwise earned by the Fund on account of investments in portfolio
companies (to the extent such amounts listed in clause (iii) are not included under clauses (i) and (ii) above).
An
Advisor Reimbursement will be made only if and to the extent that (i) it is payable not more than three years from the last
business day of the calendar quarter in which the applicable Expense Payment was made by the Advisor; (ii) the Advisory Reimbursement
does not cause Other Fund Operating Expenses (as
defined
herein) (on an annualized basis and net of any reimbursements received by the Fund during such fiscal year) during the applicable quarter
to exceed the percentage of the Fund’s average net assets attributable to Class L Shares represented by Other Fund Operating
Expenses (on an annualized basis) during the quarter in which the applicable Expense Payment from the Advisor was made; and (iii) the
distributions per share declared by the Fund for the applicable class at the time of the applicable Expense Payment are less than the
effective rate of distributions per share for such class at the time the Advisor Reimbursement would be paid.
Other
Fund Operating Expenses is defined as the Fund’s total Operating Expenses (as defined below), excluding the Management and
Incentive fees, offering expenses, financing fees and costs, interest expense and extraordinary expenses. “Operating Expenses”
means all operating costs and expenses incurred by the Fund, as determined in accordance with generally accepted accounting principles
for investment companies.
Offering
Costs
All
offering costs of the Fund paid by the Advisor shall be subject to reimbursement pursuant to the Expense Support and Conditional Reimbursement
Agreement.
MANAGEMENT
AND INCENTIVE FEES
Pursuant
to the Investment Advisory Agreement, and in consideration of the advisory services provided by the Advisor to the Fund, the Advisor is
entitled to a fee consisting of two components — the Management Fee and the Incentive Fee. Pursuant to the Investment
Sub-Advisory Agreement, the Advisor pays the Sub-Advisor 40% of the Management Fee and Incentive Fee actually received and retained and
not otherwise used to support expenses.
Management
Fee
The
Management Fee is calculated and payable monthly in arrears at the annual rate of 1.25% of the average daily value of the Fund’s
Managed Assets. “Managed Assets” means the total assets of the Fund (including any assets attributable to any preferred shares
that may be issued or to indebtedness) minus the Fund’s liabilities other than liabilities relating to indebtedness. The Management
Fees incurred during the fiscal year ended December 31, 2022 was approximately $40,784,000.
Incentive
Fee
The
Incentive Fee is calculated and payable quarterly in arrears based upon “pre-incentive fee net investment income” attributable
to each class of the Fund’s Shares for the immediately preceding fiscal quarter, and is subject to a hurdle rate, expressed as a
rate of return based on each class’s average daily net asset value (calculated in accordance with GAAP), equal to 1.50% per quarter
(or an annualized hurdle rate of 6.00%), subject to a “catch-up” feature. For this purpose, “pre-incentive fee net investment
income” means interest income, dividend income and any other income accrued during the fiscal quarter, minus each class’s
operating expenses for the quarter and the distribution and/or shareholder servicing fees (if any) applicable to each class accrued during
the fiscal quarter. For such purposes, the Fund’s operating expenses will include the Management Fee, expenses reimbursed to CAM
under the CAM Administration Agreement, by and between the Fund and CAM, and any interest expense and distributions paid on any issued
and outstanding Preferred Shares, but will exclude the Incentive Fee.
Thus,
the calculation of the Incentive Fee for each fiscal quarter is as follows:
•
No
Incentive Fee is payable in any fiscal quarter in which the applicable pre-incentive fee net investment income attributable to the applicable
share class does not exceed the quarterly hurdle rate of 1.50% of such class’s average daily net assets (calculated in accordance
with GAAP), or 6.00% annualized;
•
100%
of the pre-incentive fee net investment income attributable to the applicable share class, if any, that exceeds the hurdle rate but is
less than or equal to 1.765% of such class’s average daily net asset value (calculated in accordance with GAAP) in any fiscal quarter
(7.06% annualized) is payable to the Advisor; and
•
15%
of the pre-incentive fee net investment income attributable to the applicable share class, if any, that exceeds 1.765% of such class’s
average daily net assets (calculated in accordance with GAAP) in any fiscal quarter (7.06% annualized) is payable to the Advisor (i.e.
once the hurdle rate is reached and the catch-up is achieved).
The
following is a graphical representation of the calculation of the Incentive Fee:
Quarterly
Incentive Fee
Class’s pre-incentive fee net investment income
(expressed as a percentage of the Class’s average
daily net asset value)
Percentage
of each Class’s pre-incentive fee net investment income allocated to the Incentive Fee.
These
calculations will be appropriately prorated for any period of less than three months. During the year ended December 31, 2022,
all Share classes of the Fund incurred a total of approximately $20,043,000 in incentive fees.
Approval
of the Investment Advisory Agreement and Sub-Advisory Agreement
Such
approval of the Investment Advisory Agreement was made in accordance with, and on the basis of an evaluation satisfactory to the Board,
as required by Section 15(c) of the 1940 Act and the applicable rules and regulations thereunder, including consideration of, among
other factors, (i) the nature, quality and extent of the services provided by CAM under the Investment Advisory Agreement; (ii) the
investment performance of the Fund, CAM; (iii) comparative information with respect to advisory fees and other expenses paid by other
comparable investment companies; and (iv) information about the services performed by CAM and the personnel of CAM providing such
services under the Investment Advisory Agreement.
Such
approval of the Investment Sub-Advisory Agreement was made in accordance with, and on the basis of an evaluation satisfactory to the Board,
as required by Section 15(c) of the 1940 Act and the applicable rules and regulations thereunder, including consideration of, among
other factors, (i) the nature, quality and extent of the services provided by Ares Capital under the Investment Sub-Advisory Agreement;
(ii) the investment performance of the Fund, Ares Capital; (iii) comparative information with respect to advisory fees and other
expenses paid by other comparable investment companies; and (iv) information about the services performed by Ares Capital and the
personnel of Ares Capital providing such services under the Investment Sub-Advisory Agreement.
A
discussion of the basis for the Board’s renewal of the Investment Advisory Agreement and Investment Sub-Advisory Agreement can be
found in the Fund’s Semi-Annual Report dated June 30, 2022.
DETERMINATION
OF NET ASSET VALUE
The
Board has designated the Advisor as the Fund’s valuation designee for purposes of Rule 2a-5 under the 1940 Act. NAV per Share
will be determined daily by the Advisor on each day the NYSE is open for trading or at such other times as the Board may determine. NAV
per Share is determined, on a class-specific basis, by dividing the total value of the Fund’s net assets attributable to the applicable
class by the total number of Fund Shares of such class outstanding. The Fund’s net assets are determined by subtracting any
liabilities (including borrowings for investment purposes) from the total value of its portfolio investments and other assets. Each Class A
Share will be offered at NAV plus the applicable sales load, while each Class C Share will be offered at NAV. The Fund’s net
assets are available to holders of Preferred Shares (if any) and Shares. If any Preferred Shares are outstanding, net assets available
for the Shareholders is determined by deducting from net assets the liquidation preference and any accrued dividends on the Preferred
Shares.
Bank
loans, including syndicated loans, are valued by using readily available market quotations or another commercially reasonable method selected
by an independent, third party pricing service that has been approved by the Advisor, or, if such independent, third-party valuations
are not available, by using broker quotations.
Corporate
Bonds and CLOs, and certain other domestic debt securities, are valued at the last reported bid prices supplied by an independent, third
party pricing service that has been approved by the Advisor. If the last reported bid price is not readily available or is otherwise deemed
to be unreliable by the Advisor, then such securities are valued at fair value pursuant to procedures approved by the Board.
If
they are traded on the valuation date, equity securities that are listed or traded on a national exchange will be valued at the last quoted
sale price. Likewise, equity securities that are traded on NASDAQ will be valued at the NASDAQ official closing price if the securities
are traded on the valuation date. If securities are listed on more than one exchange, and if the securities are traded on the valuation
date, they will be valued at the last quoted sale price on the exchange on which the security is principally traded. If there is no sale
of the security on the valuation date, the Advisor will value the securities at the last reported sale price, unless the Advisor believes
such price no longer represents the fair market value and elects to value the security at fair value pursuant to procedures approved by
the Board. If the validity of such quoted prices appears to be questionable or if such quoted prices are not readily available, then the
securities will be valued at fair value pursuant to procedures approved by the Board. Market quotations may be deemed not to represent
fair value in certain circumstances where the Advisor reasonably believes that facts and circumstances applicable to an issuer, seller
or purchaser or to the market for a particular security cause current market quotations not to reflect the fair value of the security.
Examples of these events could include situations in which material events are announced after the close of the market on which a security
is primarily traded, a security trades infrequently causing a quoted purchase or sale price to become stale, or a security’s trading
has been halted or suspended.
The
value of swaps, including credit default swaps, total return swaps and interest rate swaps will be determined by obtaining at least one
dealer quotation (including information from counterparties) or valuations from third-party pricing services. If no quotations or valuations
are available, or if such quotations or valuations are believed to be unreliable, swaps will be fair valued pursuant to procedures approved
by the Board.
Generally,
trading in U.S. Government securities and money market instruments is substantially completed each day at various times prior to the close
of business on the NYSE. The values of such securities used in computing the NAV of the Fund’s Shares are determined as of such
times.
CONFLICTS
OF INTEREST
Certain
of the Fund’s executive officers and trustees, and the employees of the Advisors, serve or may serve as officers, trustees or principals
of entities that operate in the same or a related line of business as the Fund or of other Ares- or CION-advised funds (“Other Managed
Funds”). As a result, they have obligations to investors in those entities, the fulfillment of which might not be in the best interests
of the Fund or its Shareholders. Moreover, notwithstanding the difference in principal investment objectives between the Fund and the
Other Managed Funds, such other funds, including potential new pooled investment vehicles or managed accounts not yet established (whether
managed or sponsored by affiliates or the Advisors), have, and may from time to time have, overlapping investment objectives with the
Fund and, accordingly, invest in, whether principally or secondarily, asset classes similar to those targeted by the Fund. To the extent
the Other Managed Funds have overlapping investment objectives, the scope of opportunities otherwise available to the Fund may be adversely
affected and/or reduced. Additionally, certain employees of the Advisors and their management face conflicts in their time management
and commitments as well as in the allocation of investment opportunities to other Ares funds.
The
results of the Fund’s investment activities may differ significantly from the results achieved by the Other Managed Funds. It is
possible that one or more of such funds will achieve investment results that are substantially more or less favorable than the results
achieved by the Fund. Moreover, it is possible that the Fund will sustain losses during periods in which one or more affiliates achieve
significant profits on their trading for proprietary or other accounts. The opposite result is also possible. The investment activities
of one or more Advisor affiliates for their proprietary accounts and accounts under their management may also limit the investment opportunities
for the Fund in certain markets.
The
Advisors may determine that the Fund should invest on a side-by-side basis with one or more Other Managed Funds. In certain circumstances,
negotiated co-investments may be made only in accordance with the terms of the exemptive order Ares received from the SEC (the “Order”).
Co-investments made under the Order are subject to compliance with the conditions and other requirements contained in the Order, which
could limit the Fund’s ability to participate in a co-investment transaction.
In
the event investment opportunities are allocated among the Fund and Other Managed Funds, the Fund may not be able to structure its investment
portfolio in the manner desired. Although the Advisors endeavor to allocate investment opportunities in a fair and equitable manner, the
Fund is not generally permitted to co-invest in any portfolio company in which a fund managed by Ares or any of its downstream affiliates
(other than the Fund and its downstream affiliates) currently has an investment. However, the Fund may co-invest with funds managed by
Ares or any of its downstream affiliates, subject to compliance with existing regulatory guidance, applicable regulations and its allocation
procedures.
From
time to time, the Fund and the Other Managed Funds may make investments at different levels of an issuer’s capital structure or
otherwise in different classes of an issuer’s securities. Such investments inherently give rise to conflicts of interest or perceived
conflicts of interest between or among the various classes of securities that may be held by such entities.
The
Advisors, their affiliates and their clients may pursue or enforce rights with respect to an issuer in which the Fund has invested, and
those activities may have an adverse effect on the Fund. As a result, prices, availability, liquidity and terms of the Fund’s investments
may be negatively impacted by the activities of the Advisors and their affiliates or their clients, and transactions for the Fund may
be impaired or effected at prices or terms that may be less favorable than would otherwise have been the case.
The
Advisors may enter into transactions and invest in securities, instruments and currencies on behalf of the Fund in which customers of
its affiliates, to the extent permitted by applicable law, serve as the counterparty, principal or issuer. In such cases, such party’s
interests in the transaction would generally be adverse to the interests of the Fund, and such party would have no incentive to assure
that the Fund obtains the best possible prices or terms in connection with the transaction. In addition, the purchase, holding and sale
of such investments by the Fund may enhance the profitability of the Advisors or their affiliates. One or more affiliates may also create,
write or issue Derivatives for their customers, the underlying securities, currencies or instruments of which may be those in which the
Fund invests or which
may
be based on the performance of the Fund. The Fund may, subject to applicable law, purchase investments that are the subject of an underwriting
or other distribution by one or more Advisor affiliates and may also enter into transactions with other clients of an affiliate where
such other clients have interests adverse to those of the Fund.
The
Fund will be required to establish business relationships with its counterparties based on the Fund’s own credit standing. Neither
the Advisors nor any of their affiliates will have any obligation to allow its credit to be used in connection with the Fund’s establishment
of its business relationships, nor is it expected that the Fund’s counterparties will rely on the credit of the Advisors or their
affiliates in evaluating the Fund’s creditworthiness.
The
Advisors are paid a fee based on a percentage of the Fund’s Managed Assets. The participation of the Advisors’ investment
professionals in the valuation process therefore results in a conflict of interest. The Advisors also have a conflict of interest in deciding
whether to cause the Fund to incur leverage or to invest in more speculative investments or financial instruments, which increase the
assets or the yield of the Fund and, accordingly, the Management Fees or Incentive Fees received by the Advisors. Certain other Ares-advised
funds pay the Advisors or their affiliates performance-based compensation, which could create an incentive for the Advisors or affiliate
to favor such investment fund or account over the Fund.
By
reason of the various activities of the Advisors and their affiliates, the Advisors and such affiliates may acquire confidential or material
non-public information or otherwise be restricted from purchasing certain potential Fund investments that otherwise might have been purchased
or be restricted from selling certain Fund investments that might otherwise have been sold at the time.
The
Advisors have adopted policies and procedures designed to prevent conflicts of interest from influencing proxy voting decisions made on
behalf of advisory clients, including the Fund, and to help ensure that such decisions are made in accordance with its fiduciary obligations
to clients. Nevertheless, notwithstanding such proxy voting policies and procedures, actual proxy voting decisions may have the effect
of favoring the interests of other clients, provided that the Advisors believe such voting decisions to be in accordance with its fiduciary
obligations.
SHARE
REPURCHASE PROGRAM
The
Fund does not currently intend to list its Shares on any securities exchange and does not expect any secondary market for them to develop
in the foreseeable future. Therefore, Shareholders should expect that they will be unable to sell their Shares for an indefinite time
or at a desired price. No Shareholder will have the right to require the Fund to repurchase such Shareholder’s Shares or any portion
thereof. Shareholders may not transfer their investment from the Fund to any other registered investment company. Because no public market
exists for the Shares, and none is expected to develop in the foreseeable future, Shareholders will not be able to liquidate their investment,
other than through the Fund’s share repurchase program, or, in limited circumstances, as a result of transfers of Shares to other
investors.
To
provide Shareholders with limited liquidity, the Fund is structured as an “interval fund” and intends to conduct quarterly
offers to repurchase between 5% and 25% of its outstanding Shares at NAV, pursuant to Rule 23c-3 under the 1940 Act, unless such
offer is suspended or postponed in accordance with regulatory requirements (as discussed below). In connection with any given repurchase
offer, it is expected the Fund will offer to repurchase only the minimum amount of 5% of its outstanding Shares. Additionally, in connection
with the Fund’s issuance of the MRP Shares, if a quarterly repurchase of Shares would cause the Fund to be below certain asset coverage
limits or if the Fund fails to satisfy certain other requirements, such quarterly repurchase offer of Shares shall not exceed 5% of the
outstanding Shares. See “Description of Capital Structure — MRP Shares” for additional information.
Quarterly
repurchases occur in the months of March, June, September and December. The offer to purchase Shares is a fundamental policy that
may not be changed without the vote of the holders of a majority of the Fund’s outstanding voting securities (as defined in the
1940 Act). The Repurchase Offer Notice is sent to Shareholders at least 21 calendar days before the Repurchase Request Deadline. The Fund
expects to determine the NAV applicable to repurchases on the Repurchase Request Deadline. However, the NAV will be calculated no later
than the Repurchase Pricing Date. The Fund expects to distribute payment to Shareholders between one and three business days after the
Repurchase Pricing Date and will distribute such payment no later than seven calendar days after such Date. The Fund’s Shares are
not listed on any securities exchange, and the Fund anticipates that no secondary market will develop for its Shares. Accordingly, you
may not be able to sell Shares when and/or in the amount that you desire. Thus, the Shares are appropriate only as a long-term investment.
In addition, the Fund’s repurchase offers may subject the Fund and Shareholders to special risks.
Determination
of Repurchase Offer Amount
The
Board, or a committee thereof, in its sole discretion, will determine the number of Shares that the Fund will offer to repurchase (the
“Repurchase Offer Amount”) for a given Repurchase Request Deadline. The Repurchase Offer Amount, however, will be no less
than 5% and no more than 25% of the total number of Shares outstanding on the Repurchase Request Deadline.
If
Shareholders tender for repurchase more than the Repurchase Offer Amount for a given repurchase offer, the Fund will repurchase the Shares
on a pro rata basis. However, the Fund may accept all Shares tendered for repurchase by Shareholders who own less than one hundred
Shares and who tender all of their Shares, before prorating other amounts tendered.
Notice
to Shareholders
No
less than 21 days and more than 42 days before each Repurchase Request Deadline, the Fund shall send to each Shareholder of
record and to each beneficial owner of the Shares that are the subject of the repurchase offer a notification (“Shareholder Notification”).
The Shareholder Notification will contain information Shareholders should consider in deciding whether to tender their Shares for repurchase.
The Shareholder Notification also will include detailed instructions on how to tender Shares for repurchase, state the Repurchase Offer
Amount and identify the dates of the Repurchase Request Deadline, the scheduled Repurchase Pricing Date, and the date the repurchase proceeds
are scheduled for payment (the “Repurchase Payment Deadline”). The Shareholder Notification also will set forth the NAV that
has been computed no more than seven days before the date of notification, and how Shareholders may ascertain the NAV after the notification
date.
Repurchase
Price
The
repurchase price of the Shares will be the NAV of the Share class as of the close of regular trading on the NYSE on the Repurchase Pricing
Date. You may call 888-729-4266 to learn the NAV. The Shareholder Notification also will provide information concerning the NAV, such
as the NAV as of a recent date or a sampling of recent NAVs, and a toll-free number for information regarding the repurchase offer.
Repurchase
Amounts and Payment of Proceeds
Shares
tendered for repurchase by Shareholders prior to any Repurchase Request Deadline will be repurchased subject to the aggregate Repurchase
Offer Amount established for that Repurchase Request Deadline. Payment pursuant to the repurchase offer will be made by check to the Shareholder’s
address of record, or credited directly to a predetermined bank account on the Purchase Payment Date, which will be no more than seven
days after the Repurchase Pricing Date. The Board may establish other policies for repurchases of shares that are consistent with the
1940 Act, regulations thereunder and other pertinent laws.
If
Shareholders tender for repurchase more than the Repurchase Offer Amount for a given repurchase offer, the Fund may, but is not required
to, repurchase an additional amount of Shares not to exceed 2.00% of the outstanding Shares of the Fund on the Repurchase Request Deadline.
If the Fund determines not to repurchase more than the Repurchase Offer Amount, or if Shareholders tender shares in an amount exceeding
the Repurchase Offer Amount plus 2.00% of the outstanding Shares on the Repurchase Request Deadline, the Fund will repurchase the Shares
on a pro rata basis. However, the Fund may accept all Shares tendered for repurchase by Shareholders who own less than one hundred
Shares and who tender all of their Shares, before prorating other amounts tendered.
With
respect to any required minimum distributions from an IRA or other qualified retirement plan, it is the obligation of the Shareholder
to determine the amount of any such required minimum distribution and to otherwise satisfy the required minimum. In the event that Shareholders
tender for repurchase more than the Repurchase Offer Amount for a given repurchase offer, the Fund will repurchase the shares on a pro rata
basis, which may result in the Fund not honoring the full amount of a required minimum distribution requested by a Shareholder.
DESCRIPTION
OF CAPITAL STRUCTURE
The
following description is based on relevant portions of the Delaware Statutory Trust Act, as amended, and on the Declaration of Trust and
bylaws. This summary is not intended to be complete. Please refer to the Delaware Statutory Trust Act, as amended, and the Declaration
of Trust and bylaws, copies of which have been filed as exhibits to the registration statement of which this prospectus forms a part,
for a more detailed description of the provisions summarized below.
Shares
of Beneficial Interest
The
Declaration of Trust authorizes the Fund’s issuance of an unlimited number of common shares of beneficial interest of each class,
par value $0.001 per share. There is currently no market for Shares and the Fund does not expect that a market for Shares will develop
in the foreseeable future. Pursuant to the Declaration of Trust and as permitted by Delaware law, Shareholders are entitled to the same
limitation of personal liability extended to stockholders of private corporations organized for profit under the General Corporation Law
of the State of Delaware, as amended (the “DGCL”), and therefore generally will not be personally liable for the Fund’s
debts or obligations.
Shares
Under
the terms of the Declaration of Trust, all Shares, when consideration for Shares is received by the Fund, will be fully paid and nonassessable.
Distributions may be paid to Shareholders if, as and when authorized and declared by the Board. Shares will have no preference, preemptive,
appraisal, conversion or redemption rights, and will be freely transferable, except where their transfer is restricted by law or contract.
The Declaration of Trust provides that the Board shall have the power to repurchase or redeem Shares and provide Shareholders with the
right to exchange Shares of any class for Shares of one or more other classes in the manner and on the terms described herein. In the
event of the Fund’s dissolution, after the Fund pays or adequately provides for the payment of all claims and obligations of the
Fund, and upon the receipt of such releases, indemnities and refunding agreements deemed necessary by the Board, each Share will be entitled
to receive, according to its respective rights, a pro rata portion of the Fund’s assets available for distribution for the
applicable class, subject to any preferential rights of holders of the Fund’s outstanding Preferred Shares, if any. Each whole Share
will be entitled to one vote as to any matter on which it is entitled to vote and each fractional Share will be entitled to a proportionate
fractional vote. However, to the extent required by the 1940 Act or otherwise determined by the Board, classes of the Fund will vote separately
from each other. Shareholders shall be entitled to vote on all matters on which a vote of Shareholders is required by the 1940 Act, the
Declaration of Trust or a resolution of the Board. There will be no cumulative voting in the election or removal of Trustees. Under the
Declaration of Trust, the Fund is not required to hold annual meetings of Shareholders. The Fund only expects to hold Shareholder meetings
to the extent required by the 1940 Act or pursuant to special meetings called by the Board or a majority of Shareholders.
Preferred
Shares and Other Securities
The
Declaration of Trust provides that the Board may, subject to the Fund’s investment policies and restrictions and the requirements
of the 1940 Act, authorize and cause the Fund to issue securities of the Fund other than Shares (including Preferred Shares, debt securities
or other senior securities), by action of the Board without the approval of Shareholders. The Board may determine the terms, rights, preferences,
privileges, limitations and restrictions of such securities as the Board sees fit.
Preferred
Shares could be issued with rights and preferences that would adversely affect Shareholders. Preferred Shares could also be used as an
anti-takeover device. Every issuance of Preferred Shares will be required to comply with the requirements of the 1940 Act. The 1940 Act
requires, among other things, that (i) immediately after issuance of Preferred Shares and before any distribution is made with respect
to the Shares and before any purchase of Shares is made, the aggregate involuntary liquidation preference of such Preferred Shares together
with the aggregate involuntary liquidation preference or aggregate value of all other senior securities must not exceed an amount equal
to 50% of the Fund’s total assets after deducting the amount of such distribution or purchase price, as the case may be; and (ii) the
holders of Preferred
Shares,
if any are issued, must be entitled as a class to elect two Trustees at all times and to elect a majority of the Trustees if distributions
on such Preferred Shares are in arrears by two years or more. Certain matters under the 1940 Act require the separate vote of the
holders of any issued and outstanding Preferred Shares.
MRP
Shares
On
July 30, 2021, the Fund issued 2,400,000 Series A Mandatory Redeemable Preferred Shares (“Series A MRP Shares”).
On September 30, 2021, the Fund issued 3,600,000 Series B Mandatory Redeemable Preferred Shares (“Series B MRP Shares”)
and 6,000,000 Series C Mandatory Redeemable Preferred Shares (“Series C MRP Shares”). On January 6, 2022, the
Fund issued 2,200,000 Series D Mandatory Redeemable Preferred Shares (“Series D MRP Shares”) and 2,600,000 Series E
Mandatory Redeemable Preferred Shares (“Series E MRP Shares”). Certain rights, terms and conditions of the MRP Shares
are summarized below:
Priority. Each
holder of MRP Shares is entitled to a liquidation preference of $25.00 per share (the “Liquidation Value”), plus additional
amounts described under “Liquidation” below. With respect to distributions, including the payment of dividends and distribution
of the Fund’s assets upon dissolution, liquidation or winding up, the MRP Shares are senior to all other classes and series of common
shares of beneficial interest and rank on parity with any other Preferred Shares. Holders of the MRP Shares will not, however, participate
in any appreciation in the value of the Fund. The consent of the holders of the outstanding Preferred Shares is not required to authorize
or issue any class or series of Preferred Shares ranking on parity with the MRP Shares.
Dividends. The
holders of MRP Shares are entitled to receive quarterly cumulative cash dividends, when, as and if authorized by the Board and declared
by the Fund, out of funds legally available therefor, at the rate per annum equal to the Applicable Rate, as defined below, with certain
adjustments for changes in a series’ rating, and no more, of the Liquidation Value, payable quarterly, beginning on the initial
dividend payment date of November 1, 2021 for the Series A MRP Shares, February 1, 2022 for the Series B MRP Shares
and Series C MRP Shares, and April 7, 2022 for the Series D MRP Shares and Series E MRP Shares. For Series A
MRP Shares, Series B MRP Shares and Series C MRP Shares, dividends will then be payable on the first business day of the month
next following each of the following dates: 31st
day of each January, the 30th
day of each April, the 31st
day of each July and the 31st
day of each October. For Series D MRP Shares and Series E MRP Shares, dividends will then be payable on the first business day
of the month next following each of the following dates: 6th
day of each January, the 6th
day of each April, the 6th
day of each July and the 6th
day of each October. Dividends on MRP Shares accumulate from and including the original issue date.
Each
dividend on MRP Shares will be paid on the dividend payment date therefor to the holders as their names appear on the share ledger or
share records of the Fund at the close of business on the fifth day prior to the quarterly dividend date (or if such day is not a business
day, the next preceding business day). Dividends in arrears for any past dividend period may be declared and paid at any time, without
reference to any regular dividend payment date, to the holders as their names appear on the share ledger or share records of the Fund
at the close of business on a date, not exceeding five days preceding the payment date thereof, as may be fixed by the Board. No interest
will be payable in respect of any dividend payment or payments which may be in arrears; provided, however, that the dividend rate may
be increased in such circumstances.
So
long the rating of each series of the MRP Shares remains the same, the dividend rate on the MRP Shares will be 2.68% for Series A
MRP Shares, 2.68% for Series B MRP Shares, 3.07% for Series C MRP Shares, 2.96% for Series D MRP Shares and 3.48% for Series E
MRP Shares (collectively, the “Applicable Rate”).
Voting. Except
for matters which do not require the vote of holders of MRP Shares under the 1940 Act and except as otherwise provided in the Declaration
of Trust or bylaws, or as otherwise required by applicable law, each holder of MRP Shares shall be entitled to one vote for each MRP Share
held on each matter submitted to a vote of shareholders of the Fund, and holders of outstanding Preferred Shares and Shares shall vote
together as a single class on all matters submitted to shareholders; provided, however,
that
the holders of outstanding Preferred Shares shall be entitled, as a class, to the exclusion of the holders of shares of all other classes
of beneficial interests of the Fund, to elect two Trustees of the Fund at all times. In addition, the holders of the outstanding Preferred
Shares and Shares, voting together as a single class, shall elect the balance of the Trustees; however, the number of Trustees constituting
the Board shall automatically increase by the smallest number that, when added to the two Trustees elected exclusively by the holders
of outstanding Preferred Shares would constitute a majority of the Board as so increased by such smallest number, and the holders of Preferred
Shares shall be entitled, voting as a class on a one vote per share basis (to the exclusion of the holders of all other securities and
classes of shares of the Fund), to elect such smallest number of additional Trustees, together with the two Trustees that such holders
are in any event entitled to elect if: (i) at the close of business on any dividend payment date accumulated dividends (whether or
not earned or declared) on Preferred Shares equal to at least two full years’ dividends shall be due and unpaid; or (ii) if
at any time holders of any shares of Preferred Shares are entitled under the 1940 Act, to elect a majority of the Trustees of the Fund.
Notwithstanding
the foregoing, the affirmative vote of the holders of a majority of the outstanding Preferred Shares, voting as a separate class, and
a majority of the MRP Shares, voting as a separate class, both determined with reference to a “majority of outstanding voting securities”
as that term is defined in Section 2(a)(42) of the 1940 Act, shall be required to create, authorize or issue shares of any class
or series of beneficial interests ranking senior to the Preferred Shares with respect to the payment of dividends or the distribution
of assets, or any securities convertible into, or warrants, options or similar rights to purchase, acquire or receive, such shares of
beneficial interests ranking senior to the Preferred Shares or reclassify any authorized shares of beneficial interests of the Fund into
any shares ranking senior to the Preferred Shares. In addition, the affirmative vote of the holders of a majority of the outstanding Preferred
Shares determined with reference to a “majority of outstanding voting securities” as that term is defined in Section 2(a)(42)
of the 1940 Act, voting as a separate class, shall be required to (i) amend, alter or repeal (including by merger, consolidation
or otherwise) any of the preferences, rights or powers of such class of Preferred Shares so as to adversely affect such preferences, rights
or powers and will not amend any provision of the Declaration of Trust or bylaws in a manner which would restrict or limit the ability
of the Fund to comply with the terms and provisions of the Securities Purchase Agreement; (ii) amend, alter or repeal (including
by merger, consolidation or otherwise) any of the provisions of the Declaration of Trust or bylaws if such amendment, alteration or repeal
would adversely affect any privilege, preference, right or power of the MRP Shares or the holders thereof; and (iii) approve any
plan of reorganization (as such term is used in the 1940 Act) adversely affecting such shares or any action requiring a vote of security
holders of the Fund under Section 13(a) of the 1940 Act.
Redemption. The
outstanding shares of MRP Shares are subject to redemption at any time by notice of such redemption on a date selected by the Fund for
such redemption (the “Redemption Date”). If the Fund elects to cause the redemption of the MRP Shares, each MRP Share will
be redeemed for a price equal to 100% of such share’s Liquidation Value, plus an amount equal to accumulated but unpaid dividends
and other distributions on the MRP Shares (whether or not earned or declared by the Fund, but excluding interest thereon), to, but excluding,
the Redemption Date, plus the amount equal to the excess, if any, of the discounted value of the remaining scheduled payments with respect
to the Liquidation Value of such MRP Share over the amount of such Liquidation Value; provided, however, the Fund may, at its option (i) redeem
the Series A MRP Shares within 90 days prior to July 30, 2026 (the “Series A Term Redemption Date”), (ii) redeem
the Series B MRP Shares within 90 days prior to September 30, 2026 (the “Series B Term Redemption Date”),
(ii) redeem the Series C MRP Shares within 90 days prior to September 30, 2026 (the “Series C Term Redemption
Date”), (ii) redeem the Series D MRP Shares within 90 days prior to January 6, 2027 (the “Series D
Term Redemption Date”), (ii) redeem the Series E MRP Shares within 90 days prior to January 6, 2032 (the “Series E
Term Redemption Date” and collectively with Series A Term Redemption Date, Series B Term Redemption Date, Series C
Term Redemption Date and Series D Term Redemption Date, the “Term Redemption Dates”), each at the Liquidation Value plus
accumulated but unpaid dividends and distributions thereon (whether or not earned or declared by the Fund, but excluding interest thereon)
to, but excluding the Redemption Date.
If
the asset coverage, as determined in accordance with Section 18(h) of the 1940 Act, is less than or equal to 235% for any five business
days within a ten business day period, determined on the basis of values calculated as of a time within 48 hours (not including Sundays
or holidays) next preceding the time of such
determination
within the ten business day period, the Fund, upon not less than 12 days’ nor more than 40 days’ notice, may redeem
the MRP Shares at the Liquidation Value plus accumulated but unpaid dividends and distributions thereon (whether or not earned or declared
by the Fund, but excluding interest thereon) to, but excluding, the date fixed for redemption, plus a redemption amount equal to 2% of
the Liquidation Value; the amount of MRP Shares that may be redeemed under this provision shall not exceed an amount of MRP Shares which
results in asset coverage of more than 250% pro forma for such redemption, determined on the basis of values calculated as of a time
within 48 hours (not including Sundays or holidays) next preceding the time of such determination.
If
the Fund fails to maintain asset coverage of at least 225%, determined on the basis of values calculated as of a time within 48 hours
(not including Sundays or holidays) next preceding the time of such determination, the Fund shall redeem the number of MRP Shares provided
below at the Liquidation Value plus an amount equal to accumulated but unpaid dividends and distributions thereon (whether or not earned
or declared by the Fund, but excluding interest thereon) to, but excluding, the date fixed for redemption, plus a redemption amount equal
to 1% of the Liquidation Value. The number of MRP Shares to be redeemed upon the Fund’s failure to maintain asset coverage of 225%
on any valuation date will be equal to the product of (1) the quotient of the number of MRP Shares divided by the aggregate number
of outstanding Preferred Shares which have an asset coverage test greater than or equal to 225% and (2) the minimum number of outstanding
shares of Preferred Shares the redemption of which would result in the Fund having asset coverage of 225% as of a date that is no more
than 30 days after the date the Fund failed to maintain asset coverage of 225% (provided that, if there is no such number of MRP
Shares the redemption of which would have such result, the Fund shall redeem all MRP Shares then outstanding). The Fund shall effect any
such redemption no later than 40 calendar days after the date the Fund failed to maintain asset coverage of 225%, except for in certain
circumstances. Notwithstanding the foregoing, if the Fund satisfies asset coverage of at least 225% as of a date that is no more than
30 days after the date the Fund failed to maintain asset coverage of 225% before taking into account any redemptions of Preferred
Shares, the Fund shall not be obligated to redeem any shares of Preferred Shares under this provision.
The
Fund shall redeem all outstanding Series A MRP Shares, Series B MRP Shares, Series C MRP Shares, Series D MRP Shares
and Series E MRP Shares on the respective Term Redemption Dates at the Liquidation Value plus an amount equal to accumulated but
unpaid dividends and distributions thereon (whether or not earned or declared by the Fund, but excluding interest thereon), to, but excluding,
the respective Term Redemption Dates.
Subject
to certain conditions, no MRP Shares may be redeemed unless all dividends in arrears on the MRP Shares and all shares of beneficial interests
of the Fund ranking on a parity with the MRP Shares with respect to payment of dividends or upon liquidation have been or are being contemporaneously
paid or set apart for payment; provided, however, that the foregoing shall not prevent the purchase or acquisition by the Fund of all
MRP Shares pursuant to the successful completion of an otherwise lawful purchase, tender or exchange offer made on the same terms to,
and accepted by, Holders of all MRP Shares.
Liquidation. Upon
the dissolution, liquidation or winding up of the affairs of the Fund, whether voluntary or involuntary, the holders of MRP Shares then
outstanding, together with holders of shares of any Preferred Shares ranking on a parity with the MRP Shares upon dissolution, liquidation
or winding up, shall be entitled to receive and to be paid out of the assets of the Fund (or the proceeds thereof) available for distribution
to its shareholders after satisfaction of claims of creditors of the Fund, but before any distribution or payment shall be made in respect
of the Shares, an amount equal to the liquidation preference with respect to such shares. The liquidation preference for MRP Shares shall
be $25.00 per share, plus an amount equal to all accumulated and unpaid dividends thereon (whether or not earned or declared but without
interest) to the date payment of such distribution is made in full. No redemption premium shall be paid upon any liquidation even if such
redemption premium would be paid upon optional or mandatory redemption of the relevant shares. If, upon any liquidation, dissolution or
winding up of the affairs of the Fund, whether voluntary or involuntary, the assets of the Fund available for distribution among the holders
of all outstanding shares of Preferred Shares shall be insufficient to permit the payment in full to holders of the amounts to which they
are entitled, then the available assets shall be distributed among the holders of all outstanding shares of Preferred Shares ratably in
any distribution of assets according to the respective amounts which would be payable on all the shares if all amounts thereon were paid
in full.
Upon
the dissolution, liquidation or winding up of the affairs of the Fund, whether voluntary or involuntary, until payment in full is made
to the holders of MRP Shares of the liquidation distribution to which they are entitled, (1) no dividend or other distribution shall
be made to Shareholders or any other class or series of shares of beneficial interests of the Fund ranking junior to MRP Shares upon dissolution,
liquidation or winding up and (2) no purchase, redemption or other acquisition for any consideration by the Fund shall be made in
respect of the Shares or any other class of shares of beneficial interests of the Fund ranking junior to MRP Shares upon dissolution,
liquidation or winding up. A consolidation, reorganization or merger of the Fund with or into any company, trust or other legal entity,
or a sale, lease or exchange of all or substantially all of the assets of the Fund in consideration for the issuance of equity securities
of another company, trust of other legal entity shall not be deemed to be a liquidation, dissolution or winding up, whether voluntary
or involuntary, for the purposes of these provisions.
Conversion. The
MRP Shares are not convertible into any other class or series of shares.
Transfer
restrictions. The MRP Shares are “restricted securities” for purposes
of the 1933 Act. Accordingly, the MRP Shares may not be offered, sold, transferred or delivered, directly or indirectly, unless (i) such
shares are registered under the 1933 Act and any other applicable state securities laws, or (ii) an exemption from registration under
the 1933 Act and any other applicable state securities laws is available.
Other
Matters. For so long as the MRP Shares are outstanding, the Fund will not declare,
pay or set apart for payment any dividend or other distribution (other than a dividend or distribution paid in shares of, or options,
warrants or rights to subscribe for or purchase, Shares or other shares of beneficial interests, if any, ranking junior to the MRP Shares
as to dividends or upon liquidation) with respect to Shares or any other shares of the Fund ranking junior to or on a parity with the
MRP Shares as to dividends or upon liquidation, or call for redemption, redeem, purchase or otherwise acquire for consideration any Shares
or any other such junior shares (except by conversion into or exchange for shares of the Fund ranking junior to the MRP Shares as to dividends
and upon liquidation) or any such parity shares (except by conversion into or exchange for shares of the Fund ranking junior to or on
a parity with the MRP Shares as to dividends and upon liquidation), unless (1) immediately after such transaction asset coverage
of 225% would be achieved, (2) full cumulative dividends on the MRP Shares due on or prior to the date of the transaction have been
declared and paid, and (3) the Fund has redeemed the full number of MRP Shares required to be redeemed by any provision for mandatory
redemption ((1), (2) and (3) are together the “Requirements”). Notwithstanding the foregoing, the Fund shall not,
at any time, be prohibited or otherwise restricted in its ability to call for redemption, redeem, purchase or otherwise acquire for consideration
its Shares pursuant to its fundamental policy to make quarterly repurchase offers pursuant to Rule 23c-3 of the 1940 Act for between
5% and 25% of the Shares outstanding at net asset value (the “Repurchase Policy”); provided, however, if (i) a quarterly
repurchase of Shares pursuant to the Repurchase Policy and/or Rule 23c-3 of the 1940 Act would cause the Fund to be below asset coverage
of 225% or (ii) the Fund has failed to satisfy (and continues to fail to satisfy) the Requirements and the Fund is required to make
a quarterly repurchase offer of Shares pursuant to the Repurchase Policy and/or Rule 23c-3 of the 1940 Act before the Requirements
are satisfied, such quarterly repurchase offer of Shares shall not exceed 5% of the Shares outstanding, at a price equal to the Fund’s
net asset value (as may be determined in accordance with its valuation policies and procedures) as of the “repurchase pricing date,”
as such term is defined in Rule 23c-3 and as set forth in the applicable repurchase offer documents. Subject to the certain conditions,
the Board may, in the future, authorize the issuance of additional Preferred Shares with the same preferences, rights, voting powers,
restrictions, limitations as to dividends and other distributions, qualifications and terms and conditions of redemption and other terms
applicable to the MRP Shares, except that the initial dividend period, the applicable rate for the initial dividend period and the initial
dividend payment date shall be as set forth in the Supplement to the Declaration of Trust relating to such additional Preferred Shares.
Outstanding
Securities
The
following table shows, for each class of authorized securities of the Fund, the amount of (i) shares authorized and (ii) shares
outstanding, each as of April 21, 2023:
Class
|
|
|
(1) Amount Authorized
|
|
|
(2) Amount
Held by the Fund for its Account |
|
|
(3)
Amount Outstanding Exclusive of Amount Shown Under (2) |
|
Common
Shares |
|
|
|
|
Unlimited |
|
|
|
|
|
0 |
|
|
|
|
|
102,578,359 |
|
|
Series A
Mandatory Redeemable Preferred Shares |
|
|
|
|
2,400,000 |
|
|
|
|
|
0 |
|
|
|
|
|
2,400,000 |
|
|
Series B
Mandatory Redeemable Preferred Shares |
|
|
|
|
3,600,000 |
|
|
|
|
|
0 |
|
|
|
|
|
3,600,000 |
|
|
Series C
Mandatory Redeemable Preferred Shares |
|
|
|
|
6,000,000 |
|
|
|
|
|
0 |
|
|
|
|
|
6,000,000 |
|
|
Series D
Mandatory Redeemable Preferred Shares |
|
|
|
|
2,200,000 |
|
|
|
|
|
0 |
|
|
|
|
|
2,200,000 |
|
|
Series E
Mandatory Redeemable Preferred Shares |
|
|
|
|
2,600,000 |
|
|
|
|
|
0 |
|
|
|
|
|
2,600,000 |
|
|
Limitation
on Liability of Trustees and Officers; Indemnification and Advance of Expenses
Pursuant
to the Declaration of Trust, Trustees and officers of the Fund will not be subject in such capacity to any personal liability to the Fund
or Shareholders, unless the liability arises from bad faith, willful misfeasance, gross negligence or reckless disregard for the Trustee’s
or officer’s duty.
Except
as otherwise provided in the Declaration of Trust, the Fund will indemnify and hold harmless any current or former Trustee or officer
of the Fund against any liabilities and expenses (including reasonable attorneys’ fees relating to the defense or disposition of
any action, suit or proceeding with which such person is involved or threatened), while and with respect to acting in the capacity of
a Trustee or officer of the Fund, except with respect to matters in which such person did not act in good faith in the reasonable belief
that his or her action was in the best interest of the Fund, or in the case of a criminal proceeding, matters for which such person had
reasonable cause to believe that his or her conduct was unlawful. In accordance with the 1940 Act, the Fund will not indemnify any Trustee
or officer for any liability to which such person would be subject by reason of his or her willful misfeasance, bad faith, gross negligence
or reckless disregard of the duties of his or her position. The Fund will provide indemnification to Trustees and officers prior to a
final determination regarding entitlement to indemnification as described in the Declaration of Trust.
The
Fund has entered into the Investment Advisory Agreement with CAM and the Investment Sub-Advisory Agreement with Ares Capital. The Investment
Advisory Agreement and the Investment Sub-Advisory Agreement provide that, in the absence of willful misfeasance, bad faith, gross negligence
or reckless disregard for its obligations and duties thereunder, the Advisors are not liable for any error of judgment or mistake of law
or for any loss the Fund suffers.
Pursuant
to the Declaration of Trust, the Fund will advance the expenses of defending any action for which indemnification is sought if the Fund
receives a written undertaking by the indemnitee which provides that the indemnitee will reimburse the Fund unless it is subsequently
determined that the indemnitee is entitled to such indemnification.
Number
of Trustees; Appointment of Trustees; Vacancies; Removal
The
Declaration of Trust provides that the number of Trustees shall be no less than one and no more than 15, as determined in writing by a
majority of the Trustees then in office. As set forth in the Declaration of Trust, a Trustee’s term of office shall continue until
his or her death, resignation or removal. Subject to the provisions of the 1940 Act, individuals may be appointed by the Trustees at any
time to fill vacancies on the Board by the appointment of such persons by a majority of the Trustees then in office. Each Trustee shall
hold office until his or her successor shall have been appointed pursuant to the Declaration of Trust. To the extent that the 1940 Act
requires that Trustees be elected by Shareholders, any such Trustees will be elected by a plurality of all Shares voted at a meeting of
Shareholders at which a quorum is present.
The
Declaration of Trust provides that any Trustee may be removed (provided that after the removal the aggregate number of Trustees is not
less than the minimum required by the Declaration of Trust) (i) with cause, by at least two-thirds (662∕3%)
of the remaining Trustees; or (ii) without cause, by all of the remaining Trustees.
Action
by Shareholders
The
Declaration of Trust provides that Shareholder action can be taken only at a meeting of Shareholders or by unanimous written consent in
lieu of a meeting. Subject to the 1940 Act, the Declaration of Trust or a resolution of the Board specifying a greater or lesser vote
requirement, the affirmative vote of a majority of Shares present in person or represented by proxy at a meeting and entitled to vote
on the subject matter shall be the act of the Shareholders with respect to any matter submitted to a vote of the Shareholders.
Amendment
of Declaration of Trust and Bylaws
Subject
to the provisions of the 1940 Act, pursuant to the Declaration of Trust, the Board may amend the Declaration of Trust without any vote
of Shareholders. Pursuant to the Declaration of Trust and bylaws, the Board has the exclusive power to amend or repeal the bylaws or adopt
new bylaws at any time.
No
Appraisal Rights
In
certain extraordinary transactions, some jurisdictions provide the right to dissenting Shareholders to demand and receive the fair value
of their Shares, subject to certain procedures and requirements set forth in such statute. Those rights are commonly referred to as appraisal
rights. The Declaration of Trust provides that Shares shall not entitle Shareholders to appraisal rights.
Conflict
with Applicable Laws and Regulations
The
Declaration of Trust provides that if and to the extent that any provision of the Declaration of Trust conflicts with any provision of
the 1940 Act, the provisions under the Code applicable to the Fund as a RIC or other applicable laws and regulations, the conflicting
provision shall be deemed never to have constituted a part of the Declaration of Trust; provided, however, that such determination shall
not affect any of the remaining provisions of the Declaration of Trust or affect the validity of any action taken or omitted to be taken
prior to such determination.
TAX
ASPECTS
The
following is a general summary of certain material U.S. federal income tax considerations applicable to the Fund and an investment in
the Fund. The discussion below provides general tax information related to an investment in the Fund, but does not purport to be a complete
description of the U.S. federal income tax consequences of an investment in the Fund and does not address any state, local, non-U.S. or
other tax consequences. It is based on the Code and U.S. Treasury regulations thereunder and administrative pronouncements, all as of
the date hereof, any of which is subject to change, possibly with retroactive effect. In addition, it does not describe all of the tax
consequences that may be relevant in light of a Shareholder’s particular circumstances, including (but not limited to) alternative
minimum tax consequences and tax consequences applicable to Shareholders subject to special tax rules, such as certain financial institutions;
dealers or traders in securities who use a mark-to-market method of tax accounting; persons holding Shares as part of a hedging transaction,
wash sale, conversion transaction or integrated transaction or persons entering into a constructive sale with respect to Shares; entities
classified as partnerships or other pass-through entities for U.S. federal income tax purposes; insurance companies; U.S. Shareholders
(as defined below) whose functional currency is not the U.S. dollar; or tax-exempt entities, including “individual retirement accounts”
or “Roth IRAs.” Unless otherwise noted, the following discussion applies only to a Shareholder that holds Shares as a capital
asset and is a U.S. Shareholder. A “U.S. Shareholder” generally is a beneficial owner of Shares who is for U.S. federal income
tax purposes:
•
an
individual who is a citizen or resident of the United States;
•
a
corporation, or other entity taxable as a corporation, created or organized in or under the laws of the United States, any state thereof
or the District of Columbia;
•
an
estate the income of which is subject to U.S. federal income taxation regardless of its source; or
•
a
trust if it (a) is subject to the primary supervision of a court within the United States and one or more U.S. persons have the authority
to control all substantial decisions of the trust or (b) has a valid election in effect under applicable U.S. Treasury regulations
to be treated as a U.S. person.
If
a partnership (including an entity treated as a partnership for U.S. federal income tax purposes) holds Shares, the tax treatment of a
partner in the partnership will generally depend upon the status of the partner and the activities of the partnership. A prospective Shareholder
that is a partner in a partnership holding Shares should consult his, her or its tax advisors with respect to the purchase, ownership
and disposition of Shares.
The
discussion set forth herein does not constitute tax advice. Tax laws are complex and often change, and Shareholders should consult their
tax advisors about the U.S. federal, state, local or non-U.S. tax consequences of an investment in the Fund.
Taxation
of the Fund
The
Fund has elected to be treated for U.S. federal income tax purposes, and intends to qualify annually, as a RIC under Subchapter M of the
Code. As a RIC, the Fund generally will not be subject to corporate-level U.S. federal income taxes on any ordinary income or capital
gains that it distributes as dividends to Shareholders. To qualify as a RIC in any tax year, the Fund must, among other things, satisfy
both a source of income test and asset diversification tests. The Fund will qualify as a RIC if (i) at least 90% of the Fund’s
gross income for such tax year consists of dividends; interest; payments with respect to certain securities loans; gains from the sale
or other disposition of shares, securities or foreign currencies; other income (including, but not limited to, gains from options, futures
or forward contracts) derived with respect to its business of investing in such shares, securities or currencies; and net income derived
from interests in “qualified publicly-traded partnerships” (such income, “Qualifying RIC Income”); and
(ii) the Fund’s holdings are diversified so that, at the end of each quarter of such tax year, (a) at least 50% of the
value of the Fund’s total assets is represented by cash and cash equivalents, securities of other RICs, U.S. government securities
and other securities, with such other securities limited, in respect of any one issuer, to an amount not greater than 5% of the value
of the Fund’s total assets and not greater than 10% of the outstanding voting securities of such issuer and (b) not more than
25% of the value of the Fund’s total assets is invested (x) in securities (other than U.S. government securities or securities
of other RICs) of any
one
issuer or of two or more issuers that the Fund controls and that are engaged in the same, similar or related trades or businesses or (y) in
the securities of one or more “qualified publicly-traded partnerships.” The Fund’s share of income derived from a partnership
other than a “qualified publicly-traded partnership” will be treated as Qualifying RIC Income only to the extent that such
income would have constituted Qualifying RIC Income if derived directly by the Fund. A “qualified publicly-traded partnership”
is generally defined as an entity that is treated as a partnership for U.S. federal income tax purposes if (1) interests in such
entity are traded on an established securities market or are readily tradable on a secondary market or the substantial equivalent thereof
and (2) less than 90% of its gross income for the relevant tax year consists of Qualifying RIC Income. The Code provides that the
Treasury Department may by regulation exclude from Qualifying RIC Income foreign currency gains that are not directly related to the RIC’s
principal business of investing in shares or securities (or options and futures with respect to shares or securities). The Fund anticipates
that, in general, its foreign currency gains will be directly related to its principal business of investing in shares and securities.
In
addition, to maintain RIC tax treatment, the Fund must distribute on a timely basis with respect to each tax year dividends of an amount
at least equal to 90% of the sum of its “investment company taxable income” and its net tax-exempt interest income, determined
without regard to any deduction for dividends paid, to Shareholders (the “90% distribution requirement”). If the Fund qualifies
as a RIC and satisfies the 90% distribution requirement, the Fund generally will not be subject to U.S. federal income tax on its “investment
company taxable income” and net capital gains (that is, the excess of net long-term capital gains over net short-term capital losses)
that it distributes as dividends to Shareholders (including amounts that are reinvested pursuant to the DRP). In general, a RIC’s
“investment company taxable income” for any tax year is its taxable income, determined without regard to net capital gains
and with certain other adjustments. The Fund intends to distribute all or substantially all of its “investment company taxable income,”
net tax-exempt interest income (if any) and net capital gains on an annual basis. Any taxable income, including any net capital gains
that the Fund does not distribute in a timely manner, will be subject to U.S. federal income tax at regular corporate rates.
If
the Fund retains any net capital gains for reinvestment, it may elect to treat such capital gains as having been distributed to Shareholders.
If the Fund makes such an election, each Shareholder will be required to report its share of such undistributed net capital gains attributed
to the Fund as long-term capital gain and will be entitled to claim its share of the U.S. federal income taxes paid by the Fund on such
undistributed net capital gains as a credit against its own U.S. federal income tax liability, if any, and to claim a refund on a properly-filed
U.S. federal income tax return to the extent that the credit exceeds such liability. In addition, each Shareholder will be entitled to
increase the adjusted tax basis of its Shares by the difference between its share of such undistributed net capital gain and the related
credit. There can be no assurance that the Fund will make this election if it retains all or a portion of its net capital gain for a tax
year.
As
a RIC, the Fund will be, subject to a nondeductible 4% federal excise tax on certain undistributed amounts for each calendar year (the
“4% excise tax”). To avoid the 4% excise tax, the Fund must distribute in respect of each calendar year dividends of an amount
at least equal to the sum of (1) 98% of its ordinary taxable income (taking into account certain deferrals and elections) for the
calendar year, (2) 98.2% of its capital gain net income (adjusted for certain ordinary losses) generally for the one-year period
ending on October 31 of the calendar year and (3) any ordinary income and capital gains for previous calendar years that were
not distributed during those calendar years. For purposes of determining whether the Fund has met this distribution requirement,
the Fund will be deemed to have distributed any income or gains previously subject to U.S. federal income tax. Furthermore, any distribution
declared by the Fund in October, November or December of any calendar year, payable to Shareholders, of record on a specified date in
such a month and actually paid during January of the following calendar year, will be treated for tax purposes as if it had been paid
on December 31 of the calendar year in which the distribution was declared. The Fund generally intends to avoid the imposition of
the 4% excise tax, but there can be no assurance in this regard.
If
the Fund fails to qualify as a RIC or fails to satisfy the 90% distribution requirement in respect of any tax year, the Fund would be
subject to U.S. federal income tax at regular corporate rates on its taxable income, including its net capital gains, even if such income
were distributed, and all distributions out of
earnings
and profits would be taxed as ordinary dividend income. Such distributions generally would be eligible for the dividends-received deduction
in the case of certain corporate Shareholders and may be eligible to be qualified dividend income in the case of certain non-corporate
Shareholders, in each case, subject to certain holding periods and other requirements. In addition, the Fund could be required to recognize
unrealized gains, pay taxes and make distributions (any of which could be subject to interest charges) before re-qualifying for taxation
as a RIC. If the Fund fails to satisfy either the income test or asset diversification test described above, in certain cases, however,
the Fund may be able to avoid losing its status as a RIC by timely providing notice of such failure to the IRS, curing such failure and
possibly paying an additional tax or penalty.
Some
of the investments that the Fund is expected to make, such as investments in debt instruments having market discount and/or treated as
issued with OID, may cause the Fund to recognize income or gain for U.S. federal income tax purposes prior to the receipt of any corresponding
cash or other property. As a result, the Fund may have difficulty meeting the 90% distribution requirement necessary to maintain RIC tax
treatment. Because this income will be included in the Fund’s investment company taxable income for the tax year it is accrued,
the Fund may be required to make a distribution to Shareholders to meet the 90% distribution requirement described above, even though
the Fund will not have received any corresponding cash or property. The Fund may be required to borrow money, dispose of other securities
or forgo new investment opportunities for this purpose.
There
may be uncertainty as to the appropriate treatment of certain of the Fund’s investments for U.S. federal income tax purposes. In
particular, the Fund expects to invest a portion of its net assets in below investment grade instruments. U.S. federal income tax rules
with respect to such instruments are not entirely clear about issues such as whether and to what extent the Fund should recognize interest,
OID or market discount, when and to what extent deductions may be taken for bad debts or worthless instruments, how payments received
on obligations in default should be allocated between principal and income and whether exchanges of debt obligations in a bankruptcy or
workout context are taxable. These and other issues will be addressed by the Fund, to the extent necessary, in connection with the Fund’s
general intention to distribute sufficient income to qualify, and maintain its qualification to be subject to tax as a RIC and to minimize
the risk that it becomes subject to U.S. federal income or excise tax.
Income
received by the Fund from sources outside the United States may be subject to withholding and other taxes imposed by such countries, thereby
reducing income available to the Fund. Tax conventions between certain countries and the United States may reduce or eliminate such taxes.
The Fund generally intends to conduct its investment activities to minimize the impact of foreign taxation, but there is no guarantee
that the Fund will be successful in this regard. If more than 50% of the value of the Fund’s total assets at the close of its tax
year consists of securities of foreign corporations, the Fund will be eligible to elect to “pass-through” to the Shareholders
the foreign source amount of income deemed earned and the respective amount of foreign taxes paid by the Fund. If the Fund so elects,
each Shareholder would be required to include in gross income, even though not actually received, each Shareholder’s pro rata
share of the foreign taxes paid or deemed paid by the Fund, but would be treated as having paid its pro rata
share of such foreign taxes and would therefore be allowed to either deduct such amount in computing taxable income or use such amount
(subject to various limitations) as a foreign tax credit against federal income tax (but not both).
The
Fund may invest in shares of foreign companies that are classified under the Code as passive foreign investment companies (“PFICs”).
In general, a foreign company is considered a PFIC if at least 50% of its assets constitute investment-type assets or 75% or more of its
gross income is investment-type income. In general under the PFIC rules, an “excess distribution” received with respect to
PFIC shares is treated as having been realized ratably over the period during which the Fund held the PFIC shares. The Fund generally
will be subject to tax on the portion, if any, of the excess distribution that is allocated to the Fund’s holding period in prior
tax years (and an interest factor will be added to the tax, as if the tax had actually been payable in such prior tax years)
even though the Fund distributes the corresponding income to Shareholders. Excess distributions include any gain from the sale of PFIC
shares as well as certain distributions from a PFIC. All excess distributions are taxable as ordinary income.
The
Fund may be eligible to elect alternative tax treatment with respect to PFIC shares. Under one such election (i.e., a “QEF”
election), the Fund generally would be required to include in its gross income its
share
of the earnings of a PFIC on a current basis, regardless of whether any distributions are received from the PFIC. If this election is
made, the special rules, discussed above, relating to the taxation of excess distributions, would not apply. Furthermore, under U.S. Treasury
Regulations, certain income derived by the Fund from a PFIC with respect to which the Fund has made a QEF election would generally constitute
qualifying income for purposes of determining the Fund’s ability to be subject to tax as a RIC to the extent the PFIC makes distributions
of that income to the Fund or if the income was derived with respect to the Fund’s business of investing. Alternatively, the Fund
may be able to elect to mark its PFIC shares to market, resulting in any unrealized gains at the Fund’s tax year end being treated
as though they were recognized and reported as ordinary income. Any mark-to-market losses and any loss from an actual disposition of the
PFIC’s Shares would be deductible as ordinary losses to the extent of any net mark-to-market gains included in income in prior tax years
with respect to shares in the same PFIC.
Because
the application of the PFIC rules may affect, among other things, the character of gains, the amount of gain or loss and the timing of
the recognition of income, gain or loss with respect to PFIC shares, as well as subject the Fund itself to tax on certain income from
PFIC shares, the amount that must be distributed to Fund Shareholders, and which will be recognized by Fund Shareholders as
ordinary income or long-term capital gain, may be increased or decreased substantially as compared to a fund that did not invest in PFIC
shares. Note that distributions from a PFIC are not eligible for the reduced rate of tax on distributions of “qualified dividend
income” as discussed below.
Some
of the CLOs in which the Fund invests may be PFICs, which are generally subject to the tax consequences described above. Investment in
certain equity interests of CLOs that are subject to treatment as PFICs for U.S. federal income tax purposes may cause the Fund to recognize
income in a tax year in excess of the Fund’s distributions from such CLOs, PFICs and the Fund’s proceeds from sales or other
dispositions of equity interests in other CLOs and other PFICs during that tax year. As a result, the Fund generally would be required
to distribute such income to satisfy the 90% distribution requirement applicable to RICs.
If
the Fund holds more than 10% of the interests treated as equity for U.S. federal income tax purposes in a foreign corporation that is
treated as a controlled foreign corporation (“CFC”), including equity tranche investments and certain debt tranche investments
in a CLO treated as a CFC, the Fund may be treated as receiving a deemed distribution (taxable as ordinary income) each tax year from
such foreign corporation of an amount equal to the Fund’s pro rata
share of the foreign corporation’s earnings for such tax year (including both ordinary earnings and capital gains), whether or not
the corporation makes an actual distribution to the Fund during such tax year. This deemed distribution is required to be included in
the income of certain U.S. shareholders of a CFC, such as the Fund, regardless of whether a U.S. shareholder has made a QEF election with
respect to such CFC. The Fund is generally required to distribute such income in order to satisfy the 90% distribution requirement applicable
to RICs, even to the extent the Fund’s income from a CFC exceeds the distributions from the CFC and the Fund’s proceeds from
the sales or other dispositions of CFC stock during that tax year. As such, the Fund may limit and/or manage its holdings in issuers that
could be treated as CFCs in order to ensure the Fund’s continued qualification as a RIC and/or maximize the Fund’s after-tax
return from these investments. In general, a foreign corporation will be treated as a CFC for U.S. federal income tax purposes if more
than 50% of the shares of the foreign corporation, measured by reference to combined voting power or value, is owned (directly, indirectly
or by attribution) by U.S. Shareholders. A “U.S. Shareholder,” for this purpose, is any U.S. person that possesses (actually
or constructively) 10% or more of the combined voting power or value of all classes of shares of a corporation.
The
functional currency of the Fund, for U.S. federal income tax purposes, is the U.S. dollar. Gains or losses attributable to fluctuations
in foreign currency exchange rates that occur between the time a Fund accrues interest income or other receivables or accrues expenses
or other liabilities denominated in a foreign currency and the time the Fund actually collects such receivables or pays such liabilities
generally are respectively characterized as ordinary income or ordinary loss for U.S. federal income tax purposes. Similarly, on the sale
of other disposition of certain investments, including debt securities, certain forward contracts, as well as other derivative financial
instruments, denominated in a foreign currency, gains or losses attributable to fluctuations in the value of foreign currency between
the date of acquisition of the security or contract and the date of disposition also are generally treated as ordinary gain or loss. These
gains
and losses, referred to under the Code as “section 988” gains and losses, may increase or decrease the amount of the Fund’s
investment company taxable income subject to distribution to Fund Shareholders as ordinary income. For example, fluctuations in exchange
rates may increase the amount of income that the Fund must distribute to qualify for tax treatment as a RIC and to prevent application
of an excise tax on undistributed income. Alternatively, fluctuations in exchange rates may decrease or eliminate income available for
distribution. If section 988 losses exceed other investment company taxable income during a tax year, the Fund would not be able to distribute
amounts considered dividends for U.S. federal income tax purposes, and any distributions during a tax year made by the Fund before such
losses were recognized would be re-characterized as a return of capital to Fund Shareholders for U.S. federal income tax purposes,
rather than as ordinary dividend income, and would reduce each Fund Shareholder’s tax basis in Fund Shares.
If
the Fund utilizes leverage through the issuance of Preferred Shares or borrowings, it will be prohibited from declaring a distribution
or dividend if it would fail the applicable asset coverage test(s) under the 1940 Act after the payment of such distribution or dividend.
In addition, certain covenants in credit facilities or indentures may impose greater restrictions on the Fund’s ability to declare
and pay dividends on Fund Shares. Limits on the Fund’s ability to pay dividends on Fund Shares may prevent the Fund from
meeting the 90% distribution requirement described above and, as a result, may affect the Fund’s ability to be subject to tax as
a RIC or subject the Fund to the 4% excise tax. The Fund endeavors to avoid restrictions on its ability to make distribution payments.
If the Fund is precluded from making distributions on Fund Shares because of any applicable asset coverage requirements, the terms
of Preferred Shares (if any) may provide that any amounts so precluded from being distributed, but required to be distributed by the Fund
to enable the Fund to satisfy the 90% distribution requirement that would enable the Fund to be subject to tax as a RIC, will be paid
to the holders of Preferred Shares as a special distribution. This distribution can be expected to decrease the amount that holders of
Preferred Shares would be entitled to receive upon redemption or liquidation of such Preferred Shares.
Certain
of the Fund’s investments are expected to be subject to special U.S. federal income tax provisions that may, among other things,
(1) disallow, suspend or otherwise limit the allowance of certain losses or deductions, (2) convert lower-taxed long-term capital
gains into higher-taxed short-term capital gains or ordinary income, (3) convert an ordinary loss or a deduction into a capital loss,
the deductibility of which is more limited, (4) adversely affect when a purchase or sale of shares or securities is deemed to occur,
(5) adversely alter the intended characterization of certain complex financial transactions, (6) cause the Fund to recognize
income or gain without a corresponding receipt of cash, (7) treat dividends that would otherwise constitute qualified dividend income
as non-qualified dividend income, (8) treat dividends that would otherwise be eligible for the corporate dividends received deduction
as ineligible for such treatment and (9) produce income that will not constitute Qualifying RIC Income. The application of these
rules could cause the Fund to be subject to U.S. federal income tax or the 4% excise tax and, under certain circumstances, could affect
the Fund’s status as a RIC. The Fund monitors its investments and may make certain tax elections to mitigate the effect of these
provisions.
Under
current tax law, conversion between share classes is generally not expected to be a taxable event to the Shareholder.
The
remainder of this discussion assumes that the Fund has qualified and maintain its qualification as a RIC and has satisfied the 90% distribution
requirement described above.
Taxation
of U.S. Shareholders
Distributions
Distributions
of the Fund’s ordinary income and net short-term capital gains will, except as described below with respect to distributions of
“qualified dividend income,” generally be taxable to Shareholders as ordinary income to the extent such distributions are
paid out of the Fund’s current or accumulated earnings and profits, as determined for U.S. federal income tax purposes. Distributions
(or deemed distributions, as described above), if any, of net capital gains will be taxable as long-term capital gains, regardless of
the length of time a Shareholder has owned Shares. The ultimate tax characterization of the Fund’s distributions made in a tax year
cannot be determined until after the end of the tax year. As a result, the
Fund
may make total distributions during a tax year in an amount that exceeds the current and accumulated earnings and profits of the Fund.
A distribution of an amount in excess of the Fund’s current and accumulated earnings and profits will be treated by a Shareholder
as a return of capital that will be applied against and reduce the Shareholder’s tax basis in its Shares. To the extent that the
amount of any such distribution exceeds the Shareholder’s tax basis in its Shares, the excess will be treated as gain from a sale
or exchange of Shares. Distributions will be treated in the manner described above regardless of whether such distributions are paid in
cash or invested in additional Shares. Generally, for U.S. federal income tax purposes, a Shareholder receiving Shares under the DRP will
be treated as having received a distribution equal to the fair market value of such Shares on the date the Shares are credited to the
Shareholder’s account.
A
return of capital to Shareholders is a return of a portion of their original investment in the Fund, thereby reducing the tax basis of
their investment. As a result from such reduction in tax basis, Shareholders may be subject to tax in connection with the sale of Fund Shares,
even if such Shares are sold at a loss relative to the Shareholder’s original investment.
It
is expected that a substantial portion of the Fund’s income will consist of ordinary income. For example, interest and OID derived
by the Fund characterized as ordinary income for U.S. federal income tax purposes. In addition, gain derived by the Fund from the disposition
of debt instruments with “market discount” (generally, securities with a fixed maturity date of more than one year
from the date of issuance acquired by the Fund at a price below the lesser of their stated redemption price at maturity or accreted value,
in the case of securities with OID) will be characterized as ordinary income for U.S. federal income tax purposes to the extent of the
market discount that has accrued, as determined for U.S. federal income tax purposes, at the time of such disposition, unless the Fund
makes an election to accrue market discount on a current basis. In addition, certain of the Fund’s investments will be subject to
other special U.S. federal income tax provisions that may affect the character, increase the amount and/or accelerate the timing of distributions
to Shareholders.
Certain
distributions reported by the Fund as Section 163(j) interest dividends may be treated as interest income by Shareholders for purposes
of the tax rules applicable to interest expense limitations under Section 163(j). Such treatment by the Shareholder is generally
subject to holding period requirements and other potential limitations, although the holding period requirements are generally not applicable
to dividends declared by money market funds and certain other funds that declare dividends daily and pay such dividends on a monthly or
more frequent basis. The amount that the Fund is eligible to report as a Section 163(j) dividend for a tax year is generally limited
to the excess of the Fund’s business interest income over the sum of the Fund’s (i) business interest expense and (ii) other
deductions properly allocable to the Fund’s business interest income.
Distributions
made by the Fund to a corporate Shareholder will qualify for the dividends-received deduction only to the extent that the distributions
consist of qualifying dividends received by the Fund. In addition, any portion of the Fund’s dividends otherwise qualifying for
the dividends-received deduction will be disallowed or reduced if the corporate Shareholder fails to satisfy certain requirements, including
a holding period requirement, with respect to its Shares. Distributions of “qualified dividend income” to an individual or
other non-corporate Shareholder will be treated as “qualified dividend income” to such Shareholder and generally will be taxed
at long-term capital gain rates, provided the Shareholder satisfies the applicable holding period and other requirements. “Qualified
dividend income” generally includes dividends from domestic corporations and dividends from foreign corporations that meet certain
specified criteria. Given the Fund’s investment strategy, it is not expected that a significant portion of the distributions made
by the Fund will be eligible for the dividends-received deduction or the reduced rates applicable to “qualified dividend income.”
If
a person acquires Shares shortly before the record date of a distribution, the price of the Shares may include the value of the distribution,
and the person will be subject to tax on the distribution even though economically it may represent a return of his, her or its investment
in such Shares.
Distributions
paid by the Fund generally will be treated as received by a Shareholder at the time the distribution is made. However, the Fund may, under
certain circumstances, elect to treat a distribution that is paid during the following tax year as if it had been paid during the tax
year in which the income or gains
supporting
the distribution was earned. If the Fund makes such an election, the Shareholder will still be treated as receiving the distribution in
the tax year in which the distribution is received. In this instance, however, any distribution declared by the Fund in October, November
or December of any calendar year, payable to Shareholders of record on a specified date in such a month and actually paid during January
of the following calendar year, will be treated for tax purposes as if it had been received by Shareholders on December 31 of the
calendar year in which the distribution was declared.
The
Fund (or if a Shareholder holds Shares through an intermediary, such intermediary) will send to its Shareholders, as promptly as possible
after the end of each calendar year the U.S. federal tax status of distributions, including the amounts includible in such Shareholder’s
taxable income for such year as ordinary income and as long-term capital gain. In addition, the federal tax status of each year’s
distributions generally will be reported to the IRS, including the amount of distributions, if any, eligible for the preferential maximum
rate generally applicable to long-term capital gains. Shareholders receiving distributions in the form of additional Shares will receive
a report as to the NAV of those Shares. Distributions paid by the Fund generally will not be eligible for the corporate dividends received
deduction or the preferential tax rate applicable to Qualifying Dividends because the Fund’s income generally will not consist of
dividends.
Distributions
may also be subject to additional state, local and foreign taxes depending on a Shareholder’s particular situation.
Sale
or Exchange of Shares
The
repurchase or transfer of Shares may result in a taxable gain or loss to the tendering Shareholder. Different tax consequences may apply
for tendering and non-tendering Shareholders in connection with a repurchase offer. For example, if a Shareholder does not tender all
of his or her Shares, such repurchase may not be treated as a sale or exchange for U.S. federal income tax purposes, and may result in
deemed distributions to non-tendering Shareholders. On the other hand, Shareholders holding Shares as capital assets who tender all of
their Shares (including Shares deemed owned by Shareholders under constructive ownership rules) will be treated as having sold their Shares
and generally will recognize capital gain or loss. The amount of the gain or loss will be equal to the difference between the amount received
for the Shares and the Shareholder’s adjusted tax basis in the relevant Shares. Such gain or loss generally will be a long-term
capital gain or loss if the Shareholder has held such Shares as capital assets for more than one year. Otherwise, the gain or loss will
be treated as short-term capital gain or loss.
Losses
realized by a Shareholder on the sale or exchange of Shares held as capital assets for six months or less will be treated as long-term
capital losses to the extent of any distribution of long-term capital gains received (or deemed received, as discussed above) with respect
to such Shares. In addition, no loss will be allowed on a sale or other disposition of Shares if the Shareholder acquires (including through
reinvestment of distributions or otherwise) Shares, or enters into a contract or option to acquire Shares, within 30 days before
or after any disposition of such Shares at a loss. In such a case, the basis of the Shares acquired will be adjusted to reflect the disallowed
loss. Under current law, net capital gains recognized by non-corporate Shareholders are generally subject to U.S. federal income tax at
lower rates than the rates applicable to ordinary income.
In
general, Shareholders currently are generally subject to a maximum federal income tax rate of either 15% or 20% (depending on whether
the Shareholder’s income exceeds certain threshold amounts) on their net capital gain (i.e.,
the excess of realized net long-term capital gains over realized net short-term capital losses), including any long-term capital gain
derived from an investment in Shares. Such rate is lower than the maximum rate on ordinary income currently payable by individuals. Corporate
Shareholders currently are subject to U.S. federal income tax on net capital gain at the maximum rate also applied to ordinary income
(currently at 21%). Non-corporate Shareholders with net capital losses for a tax year (i.e.,
capital losses in excess of capital gains) generally may deduct up to $3,000 of such losses against their ordinary income each tax year.
Any net capital losses of a non-corporate Shareholder in excess of $3,000 generally may be carried forward and used in subsequent tax years
as provided in the Code. Corporate Shareholders generally may not deduct any net capital losses for a tax year, but may carry back such
losses for three tax years or carry forward such losses for five tax years.
An
additional 3.8% Medicare tax is imposed on certain net investment income (including ordinary dividends and capital gain distributions
received from the Fund and net gains from redemptions or other taxable dispositions of Shares) of U.S. individuals, estates and trusts
to the extent that such person’s “modified adjusted gross income” (in the case of an individual) or “adjusted
gross income” (in the case of an estate or trust) exceeds certain threshold amounts. U.S. persons that are individuals, estates
or trusts are urged to consult their tax advisors regarding the applicability of this tax to their income and gains in respect of their
investment in the Fund.
Under
U.S. Treasury regulations, if a Shareholder recognizes losses with respect to Shares of $2 million or more for an individual Shareholder
or $10 million or more for a corporate Shareholder, the Shareholder must file with the IRS a disclosure statement on IRS Form 8886.
Direct shareholders of portfolio securities are in many cases excepted from this reporting requirement, but under current guidance, shareholders
of a RIC are not excepted. Future guidance may extend the current exception from this reporting requirement to shareholders of most or
all RICs. The fact that a loss is reportable under these regulations does not affect the legal determination of whether the taxpayer’s
treatment of the loss is proper. Shareholders should consult their tax advisors to determine the applicability of these regulations in
light of their individual circumstances.
Reporting
of adjusted cost basis information is required for covered securities, which generally include shares of a RIC acquired after January 1,
2012, to the IRS and to taxpayers. Shareholders should contact their Financial Intermediaries with respect to reporting of cost basis
and available elections for their accounts.
Backup
Withholding and Information Reporting
Information
returns will be filed with the IRS in connection with payments on Shares and the proceeds from a sale or other disposition of Shares.
A Shareholder will be subject to backup withholding on all such payments if it fails to provide the payor with its correct taxpayer identification
number (generally, in the case of a U.S. resident Shareholder, on an IRS Form W-9) and to make required certifications or otherwise establish
an exemption from backup withholding. Corporate Shareholders and certain other Shareholders generally are exempt from backup withholding.
Backup withholding is not an additional tax. Any amounts withheld as backup withholding may be credited against the applicable Shareholder’s
U.S. federal income tax liability, provided the required information is timely furnished to the IRS.
Taxation
of Non-U.S. Shareholders
Whether
an investment in the Fund is appropriate for a non-U.S. Shareholder (as defined below) will depend upon that investor’s particular
circumstances. An investment in the Fund by a non-U.S. Shareholder may have adverse tax consequences. Non-U.S. Shareholders should consult
their tax advisors before investing in Shares.
The
U.S. federal income taxation of a Shareholder that is a nonresident alien individual, a foreign trust or estate or a foreign corporation,
as defined for U.S. federal income tax purposes (a “non-U.S. Shareholder”), depends on whether the income that the Shareholder
derives from the Fund is “effectively connected” with a U.S. trade or business carried on by the Shareholder.
If
the income that a non-U.S. Shareholder derives from the Fund is not “effectively connected” with a U.S. trade or business
carried on by such non-U.S. Shareholder, distributions of “investment company taxable income” will generally be subject to
a U.S. federal withholding tax at a rate of 30% (or a lower rate provided under an applicable treaty). Alternatively, if the income that
a non-U.S. Shareholder derives from the Fund is effectively connected with a U.S. trade or business of the non-U.S. Shareholder, the Fund
will not be required to withhold U.S. federal tax if the non-U.S. Shareholder complies with applicable certification and disclosure requirements,
although such income will be subject to U.S. federal income tax in the manner described below and at the rates applicable to U.S. residents.
Backup withholding will not, however, be applied to payments that have been subject to this 30% withholding tax applicable to non-U.S.
Shareholders.
A
non-U.S. Shareholder whose income from the Fund is not “effectively connected” with a U.S. trade or business will generally
be exempt from U.S. federal income tax on capital gains distributions, any amounts retained by the Fund that are designated as undistributed
capital gains and any gains realized
upon
the sale or exchange of Shares. If, however, such a non-U.S. Shareholder is a nonresident alien individual and is physically present in
the United States for 183 days or more during the tax year and meets certain other requirements such capital gains distributions,
undistributed capital gains and gains from the sale or exchange of Shares will be subject to a 30% U.S. tax.
Furthermore,
properly reported distributions by the Fund and received by non-U.S. Shareholders are generally exempt from U.S. federal withholding tax
when they (a) are paid by the Fund in respect of the Fund’s “qualified net interest income” (i.e.,
the Fund’s U.S. source interest income, subject to certain exceptions, reduced by expenses that are allocable to such income), or
(b) are paid by the Fund in connection with the Fund’s “qualified short-term capital gains” (generally,
the excess of the Fund’s net short-term capital gains over the Fund’s long-term capital losses for such tax year). However,
depending on the circumstances, the Fund may report all, some or none of the Fund’s potentially eligible distributions as derived
from such qualified net interest income or from such qualified short-term capital gains, and a portion of such distributions (e.g.,
derived from interest from non-U.S. sources or any foreign currency gains) would be ineligible for this potential exemption from withholding.
Moreover, in the case of Shares held through an intermediary, the intermediary may have withheld amounts even if the Fund reported all
or a portion of a distribution as exempt from U.S. federal withholding tax. To qualify for this exemption from withholding, a non-U.S.
Shareholder must comply with applicable certification requirements relating to its non-U.S. tax residency status (including, in general,
furnishing an IRS Form W-8BEN, IRS Form W-8BEN-E, IRS Form W-8ECI, IRS Form W-8IMY or IRS Form W-8EXP, or an acceptable substitute
or successor form). Thus, an investment in the Shares by a non-U.S. Shareholder may have adverse tax consequences as compared to a direct
investment in the assets in which the Fund will invest.
If
the income from the Fund is “effectively connected” with a U.S. trade or business carried on by a non-U.S. Shareholder, any
distributions of “investment company taxable income,” capital gains distributions, amounts retained by the Fund that are designated
as undistributed capital gains and any gains realized upon the sale or exchange of Shares will be subject to U.S. income tax, on a net
income basis, in the same manner, and at the graduated rates applicable to, U.S. persons. If such a non-U.S. Shareholder is a corporation,
it may also be subject to the U.S. branch profits tax.
A
non-U.S. Shareholder other than a corporation may be subject to backup withholding on net capital gains distributions that are otherwise
exempt from withholding tax or on distributions that would otherwise be taxable at a reduced treaty rate if such Shareholder does not
certify its non-U.S. status under penalties of perjury or otherwise establish an exemption.
If
the Fund distributes net capital gains in the form of deemed rather than actual distributions, a non-U.S. Shareholder will be entitled
to a U.S. federal income tax credit or tax refund equal to the Shareholder’s allocable share of the tax the Fund pays on the capital
gains deemed to have been distributed. To obtain the refund, the non-U.S. Shareholder must obtain a U.S. taxpayer identification number
and file a federal income tax return even if the non-U.S. Shareholder would not otherwise be required to obtain a U.S. taxpayer identification
number or file a federal income tax return.
Under
the Foreign Account Tax Compliance Act provisions of the Code, the Fund is required to withhold U.S. tax (at a 30% rate) on payments of
taxable dividends made to certain non-U.S. entities that fail to comply (or be deemed compliant) with extensive reporting and withholding
requirements in the Code designed to inform the U.S. Department of the Treasury of U.S.-owned foreign investment accounts. Shareholders
may be requested to provide additional information to the Fund to enable the Fund to determine whether withholding is required.
The
tax consequences to a non-U.S. Shareholder entitled to claim the benefits of an applicable tax treaty may differ from those described
herein. Non-U.S. Shareholders are advised to consult their tax advisors with respect to the particular tax consequences to them of an
investment in the Fund, including the potential application of the U.S. estate tax.
Other
Taxes
Shareholders
may be subject to state, local and non-U.S. taxes applicable to their investment in the Fund. In those states or localities, entity-level
tax treatment and the treatment of distributions made to Shareholders under those jurisdictions’ tax laws may differ from the treatment
under the Code. Accordingly, an investment in Shares may have tax consequences for Shareholders that are different from those of a direct
investment in the Fund’s portfolio investments. Shareholders are advised to consult their tax advisors with respect to the particular
tax consequences to them of an investment in the Fund.
ERISA
CONSIDERATIONS
Employee
benefit plans and other plans subject to ERISA or the Code, including corporate savings and 401(k) plans, IRAs and Keogh Plans (each,
an “ERISA Plan”) may purchase Shares. ERISA imposes certain general and specific responsibilities on persons who are fiduciaries
with respect to an ERISA Plan, including prudence, diversification, prohibited transactions and other standards. Because the Fund is registered
as an investment company under the 1940 Act, the underlying assets of the Fund will not be considered to be “plan assets”
of any ERISA Plan investing in the Fund for purposes of the fiduciary responsibility and prohibited transaction rules under Title I of
ERISA or Section 4975 of the Code. Thus, none of the Fund or the Advisors will be a fiduciary within the meaning of ERISA or Section 4975
of the Code with respect to the assets of any ERISA Plan that becomes a Shareholder, solely as a result of the ERISA Plan’s investment
in the Fund.
The
provisions of ERISA are subject to extensive and continuing administrative and judicial interpretation and review. The discussion of ERISA
contained herein is, of necessity, general and may be affected by future publication of regulations and rulings. Potential investors should
consult their legal advisers regarding the consequences under ERISA of an investment in the Fund through an ERISA Plan.
ANTI-TAKEOVER
PROVISIONS IN THE DECLARATION OF TRUST
The
Declaration of Trust includes provisions that could have the effect of limiting the ability of other entities or persons to acquire control
of the Fund or to change the composition of the Board. These provisions may have the effect of discouraging attempts to acquire control
of the Fund, which attempts could have the effect of increasing the expenses of the Fund and interfering with the normal operation of
the Fund. The Trustees are elected for indefinite terms and do not stand for reelection. A Trustee may be removed from office (i) with
cause only by a written instrument signed or adopted by two-thirds of the remaining Trustees; or (ii) without cause only by a written
instrument signed or adopted by all of the remaining Trustees. The Declaration of Trust does not contain any other specific inhibiting
provisions that would operate only with respect to an extraordinary transaction such as a merger, reorganization, tender offer, sale or
transfer of substantially all of the Fund’s asset, or liquidation. Reference should be made to the Declaration of Trust on file
with the SEC for the full text of these provisions.
PLAN
OF DISTRIBUTION
ALPS
Distributors, Inc., located at 1290 Broadway, Suite 1000, Denver, CO 80203, serves as the Fund’s principal underwriter and acts
as the Distributor of the Fund’s Shares on a best efforts basis, subject to various conditions. Class L Shares are offered
for sale through the Distributor at NAV plus the applicable sales load. The Distributor also may enter into agreements with Financial
Intermediaries for the sale and servicing of the Fund’s Shares. The Fund offers on a continuous basis an unlimited number of shares
of beneficial interest through the Distributor. No arrangement has been made to place funds received in an escrow, trust or similar account.
The Distributor is not required to sell any specific number or dollar amount of the Fund’s Shares, but will use its best efforts
to solicit orders for the purchase of the Shares. Shares of the Fund will not be listed on any national securities exchange and the Distributor
will not act as a market marker in Fund Shares. Class L Shares will pay to the Distributor a Distribution Fee that will accrue
at an annual rate equal to 0.25% of the Fund’s average daily net assets attributable to Class L Shares and is payable on a
quarterly basis.
The
Distributor has entered into a wholesale marketing agreement with CION Securities, a registered broker-dealer and an affiliate of CION.
Pursuant to the terms of the wholesale marketing agreement, CION Securities will seek to market and otherwise promote the Fund through
various wholesale distribution channels, including, but not limited to, regional and independent retail broker-dealers and registered
investment advisors.
CION
Securities has also entered into a dealer manager agreement with the Fund pursuant to which CION Securities has agreed to provide certain
marketing and wholesale services in consideration of its receipt of the dealer manager fee.
The
Advisors or their affiliates, in the Advisors’ discretion and from their own resources, may pay Additional Compensation to Financial
Intermediaries in connection with the sale of Fund Shares. In return for the Additional Compensation, the Fund may receive certain
marketing advantages including access to a Financial Intermediaries’ registered representatives, placement on a list of investment
options offered by a Financial Intermediary, or the ability to assist in training and educating the Financial Intermediaries. The Additional
Compensation may differ among Financial Intermediaries in amount or in the manner of calculation: payments of Additional Compensation
may be fixed dollar amounts, or based on the aggregate value of outstanding Shares held by Shareholders introduced by the Financial Intermediary,
or determined in some other manner. The receipt of Additional Compensation by a selling Financial Intermediary may create potential conflicts
of interest between an investor and its Financial Intermediary who is recommending the Fund over other potential investments. Additionally,
the Fund pays a servicing fee to the Financial Intermediaries or financial institutions and for providing ongoing services in respect
of clients with whom it has distributed shares of the Fund. Such services may include electronic processing of client orders, electronic
fund transfers between clients and the Fund, account reconciliations with the Fund’s transfer agent, facilitation of electronic
delivery to clients of Fund documentation, monitoring client accounts for back-up withholding and any other special tax reporting obligations,
maintenance of books and records with respect to the foregoing, and such other information and ongoing liaison services as the Fund or
the Advisors may reasonably request.
The
Fund and the Advisors have agreed to indemnify the Distributor against certain liabilities, including liabilities under the 1933 Act,
or to contribute to payments the Distributor may be required to make because of any of those liabilities. Such agreement does not include
indemnification of the Distributor against liability resulting from willful misfeasance, bad faith or negligence on the part of the Distributor
in the performance of its duties or from reckless disregard by the Distributor of its obligations and duties under the Distribution Agreement.
Purchasing
Shares
Investors
may purchase Shares directly from the Fund in accordance with the instructions below. Investors will be assessed fees for returned checks
and stop payment orders at prevailing rates charged by SS&C GIDS, Inc. The returned check and stop payment fee is currently $25. Investors
may buy and sell Shares of the Fund through Financial Intermediaries. Orders will be priced at the appropriate price next computed after
it is received by a Financial Intermediary and accepted by the Fund. A Financial
Intermediary
may hold Shares in an omnibus account in the Financial Intermediary’s name or the Financial Intermediary may maintain individual
ownership records. The Fund may pay the Financial Intermediary for maintaining individual ownership records as well as providing other
shareholder services. Financial Intermediaries may charge fees for the services they provide in connection with processing your transaction
order or maintaining an investor’s account with them. Investors should check with their Financial Intermediary to determine if it
is subject to these arrangements. Financial Intermediaries are responsible for placing orders correctly and promptly with the Fund, forwarding
payment promptly. Orders transmitted with a Financial Intermediary before the close of regular trading (generally 4:00 p.m., Eastern
Time) on a day that the NYSE is open for business, will be priced based on the Fund’s NAV next computed after it is received by
the Financial Intermediary.
Investors
may purchase Shares through a broker-dealer or Financial Intermediary that may establish different minimum investment requirements than
the Fund and may also independently charge transaction fees and additional amounts (which may vary) in return for its services, which
will reduce an investor’s return. Shares purchased through a broker-dealer or Financial Intermediary will normally be held in an
investor’s account with that firm.
The
availability of sales charge waivers, discounts, and/or breakpoints may depend on the particular Financial Intermediary or type of account
through which an investor purchases or holds Shares. Investors should contact their Financial Intermediary for more information regarding
applicable sales charge waivers and discounts available to them and the Financial Intermediary’s related policies and procedures.
If
an investment is made through an IRA, Keogh plan or 401(k) plan, an approved trustee must process and forward the subscription to the
Fund. In such case, the Fund will send the confirmation and notice of its acceptance to the trustee.
By
Mail
To
make an initial purchase by mail, complete an account application and mail the application, together with a check made payable to CION
Ares Diversified Credit Fund to:
Regular
Mail:
CION Ares Diversified Credit Fund
SS&C GIDS, Inc.
P.O. Box 219422
Kansas
City, MO 64121-9422
Overnight
Mail:
Please call 1-888-729-4266 for the overnight mailing address.
All
checks must be in US Dollars drawn on a domestic bank. The Fund will not accept payment in cash or money orders. The Fund may accept cashier’s
checks in amounts greater than $10,000. To prevent check fraud, the Fund will neither accept third party checks, Treasury checks, credit
card checks, traveler’s checks or starter checks for the purchase of shares, nor post-dated checks, postdated on-line bill pay checks,
or any conditional purchase order or payment.
The
transfer agent will charge a $25 fee against an investor’s account, in addition to any loss sustained by the Fund, for any payment
that is returned. It is the policy of the Fund not to accept applications under certain circumstances or in amounts considered disadvantageous
to Shareholders. The Fund reserves the right to reject any application.
By
Wire — Initial Investment
To
make an initial investment in the Fund, the transfer agent must receive a completed account application from a Financial Intermediary
before an investor wires funds. The Financial Intermediary may mail or overnight deliver an account application to the transfer agent.
Upon receipt of the completed account application, the transfer agent will establish an account. The account number assigned will be required
as part of the instruction that should be provided to an investor’s bank to send the wire. An investor’s bank must include
both the name of the Fund, the account number, and the investor’s name so that monies can be correctly applied. If you wish to wire
money to make an investment in the Fund, please
call
the Fund at 800-343-3736 for wiring instructions and to notify the Fund that a wire transfer is coming. Any commercial bank can transfer
same-day funds via wire. The Fund will normally accept wired funds for investment on the day received if they are received by the Fund’s
designated bank before the close of regular trading on the NYSE. Your bank may charge you a fee for wiring same-day funds. The bank should
transmit funds by wire to:
ABA
#: 101 000 695
Credit: UMB Bank, NA
Account #: 9872291549
Further Credit:
CION Ares Diversified Credit Fund
(shareholder
registration)
(shareholder account number)
Automatic
Investment Plan — Subsequent Investments
You
may participate in the Fund’s Automatic Investment Plan, an investment plan that automatically moves money from your bank account
and invests it in the Fund through the use of electronic funds transfers or automatic bank drafts. You may elect to make subsequent investments
by transfers of a minimum of $100 for regular accounts and $50 for retirement plan accounts on specified days of each month into your
established Fund account. Please contact your registered representative/investment advisor for more information about the Fund’s
Automatic Investment Plan.
In
compliance with the USA Patriot Act of 2001, SS&C GIDS, Inc. will verify certain information on each account application as part of
the Fund’s Anti-Money Laundering Program. As requested on the application, investors must supply full name, date of birth, social
security number and permanent street address. Mailing addresses containing only a P.O. Box will not be accepted. Registered representatives/investment
advisors may call Investor Relations at 888-729-4266 for additional assistance when completing an application.
If
SS&C GIDS, Inc. does not have a reasonable belief of the identity of a customer, the account will be rejected or the customer will
not be allowed to perform a transaction on the account until such information is received. The Fund also may reserve the right to close
the account within 5 business days if clarifying information/documentation is not received.
Purchase
Terms
The
minimum initial purchase by an investor is $2,500 for regular accounts and $1,000 for retirement plan accounts. The Fund reserves the
right to waive investment minimums. The Fund’s Class L Shares are offered for sale through its Distributor at NAV plus the
applicable sales load. The price of Class L Shares during the Fund’s continuous offering will fluctuate over time with the
NAV of the Shares.
Converting
Shares
Investors
eligible to purchase Class I Shares may convert Class L Shares to Class I Shares. Class L Shares will automatically
convert into Class I Shares if the total sales charge would otherwise exceed the limits of FINRA Rule 2341. Class I Shares
are not subject to any upfront sales charge. Class I Shares are not subject to a distribution fee, shareholder servicing fees, or
contingent deferred sales charge. Class I Shares may only be available through certain Financial Intermediaries. For all accounts,
Class I Shares require a minimum investment of $1,000,000, while subsequent investments may be made with any amount. The Fund reserves
the right to waive the investment minimum.
You
can process your conversion by contacting your Financial Intermediary. You may also send conversion requests to the Fund’s transfer
agent, SS&C GIDS, Inc., by mail to CION Ares Diversified Credit Fund c/o SS&C GIDS, Inc., P.O. Box 219422, Kansas City, MO
64121-9422 or by calling the toll free number 888-729-4266.
As
of the date of this Prospectus, the Fund is the only fund managed by CAM. To the extent that CAM manages other funds in the future, Shareholders
may be permitted to move their investment in Shares of the Fund into such other funds in connection with the Fund’s quarterly repurchases.
In this case, rather
than
tendering shares for cash, a Fund Shareholder would elect to have the dollar value of its Shares accepted for purchases of shares
of another CAM-managed fund. Such conversions would occur in conjunction with quarterly repurchases made by the Fund and would be subject
to those repurchase offer risks, such as the risk that Shareholders may be unable to liquidate all or a given percentage of their
investment in the Fund during a particular repurchase offer, that are described elsewhere in this Prospectus.
A
conversion of shares of one Class directly for shares of another Class of the Fund normally should not be taxable for federal income tax
purposes. You should consult your tax advisor before making a conversion.
Share
Class Considerations
When
selecting a share class, you should consider the following:
•
which
share classes are available to you;
•
how
much you intend to invest;
•
how
long you expect to own the shares; and
•
total
costs and expenses associated with a particular share class.
Each
investor’s financial considerations are different. You should speak with your financial advisor to help you decide which share class
is best for you. Not all Financial Intermediaries offer all classes of Shares. If your Financial Intermediary offers more than one class
of Shares, you should carefully consider which class of Shares to purchase.
Class L
Shares
Investors
purchasing Class L Shares may pay a sales load based on the amount of their investment in the Fund. The sales load payable by each
investor depends upon the amount invested by such investor in the Fund, but may range from 1.00% to 4.25%, as set forth below. A reallowance
to participating broker-dealers may be made by the Distributor from the sales load paid by each investor. A portion of the sales load,
up to 0.75%, is paid to CION Securities (the “Dealer Manager Fee”). The following sales loads apply to your purchases of shares
of the Fund:
Amount Purchased
|
|
|
Dealer Reallowance*
|
|
|
Dealer Manager Fee
|
|
|
Sales Load as %
of Offering Price |
|
|
Sales Load as %
of Amount Invested |
|
Under $250,000
|
|
|
|
|
3.50% |
|
|
|
|
|
0.75% |
|
|
|
|
|
4.25% |
|
|
|
|
|
4.44% |
|
|
$250,000 – $499,999
|
|
|
|
|
2.50% |
|
|
|
|
|
0.75% |
|
|
|
|
|
3.25% |
|
|
|
|
|
3.36% |
|
|
$500,000 – $999,999
|
|
|
|
|
1.50% |
|
|
|
|
|
0.50% |
|
|
|
|
|
2.00% |
|
|
|
|
|
2.04% |
|
|
$1,000,000 and
Above |
|
|
|
|
1.00% |
|
|
|
|
|
0.25% |
|
|
|
|
|
1.25% |
|
|
|
|
|
1.27% |
|
|
*
Gross
Dealer Concession paid to participating broker-dealers.
You
may be able to buy Class L Shares without a sales charge (i.e., “load-waived”) when you are:
•
reinvesting
dividends or distributions;
•
a
current or former Trustee of the Fund;
•
an
employee (including the employee’s spouse, domestic partner, children, grandchildren, parents, grandparents, siblings or any dependent
of the employee, as defined in Section 152 of the Code) of the Fund’s Advisor or its affiliates or of a broker-dealer authorized
to sell shares of the Fund;
•
purchasing
shares through the Fund’s Advisor;
•
purchasing
shares through a financial services firm that has a special arrangement with the Fund; or
•
participating
in an investment advisory or agency commission program under which you pay a fee to an
investment
advisor or other firm for portfolio management or brokerage services.
The
following are additional features that should be taken into account when purchasing Class L Shares:
•
a
minimum initial investment of $2,500 for regular accounts and $1,000 for retirement plan accounts, and a minimum subsequent investment
of at least $100 for regular accounts and $50 for retirement plan accounts (the Fund reserves the right to waive investment minimums);
•
a
quarterly shareholder servicing fee at an annual rate of up to 0.25% of the average daily net assets of the Fund attributable to Class L
Shares; and
•
a
Distribution Fee which will accrue at an annual rate equal to 0.25% of the average daily net assets of the Fund attributable to Class L
Shares.
Right
of Accumulation
For
the purposes of determining the applicable reduced sales charge, the right of accumulation allows you to include prior purchases of Class L
Shares of the Fund as part of your current investment as well as reinvested dividends. To qualify for this option, you must be either:
•
an
individual;
•
an
individual and spouse purchasing shares for your own account or trust or custodial accounts for your minor children; or
•
a
fiduciary purchasing for any one trust, estate or fiduciary account, including employee benefit plans created under Sections 401,
403 or 457 of the Code, including related plans of the same employer.
If
you plan to rely on this right of accumulation, you must notify the Fund’s distributor at the time of your purchase. You will need
to give the Distributor your account numbers. Existing holdings of family members or other related accounts of a Shareholder may be combined
for purposes of determining eligibility. If applicable, you will need to provide the account numbers of your spouse and your minor children
as well as the ages of your minor children.
Letter
of Intent
The
letter of intent allows you to count all investments within a 13-month period in Class L Shares of the Fund as if you were making
them all at once for the purposes of calculating the applicable reduced sales charges. The minimum initial investment under a letter of
intent is 5% of the total letter of intent amount. The letter of intent does not preclude the Fund from discontinuing sales of its shares.
You may include a purchase not originally made pursuant to a letter of intent under a letter of intent entered into within 90 days
of the original purchase. To determine the applicable sales charge reduction, you also may include (1) the cost of Class L Shares
of the Fund which were previously purchased at a price including a front end sales charge during the 90-day period prior to the Distributor
receiving the letter of intent, and (2) the historical cost of shares of other Funds you currently own acquired in exchange for Class L
Shares, respectively, the Fund purchased during that period at a price including a front-end sales charge. You may combine purchases and
exchanges by family members (as defined by your Financial Intermediary) for purposes of the letter of intent. You should retain any records
necessary to substantiate historical costs because the Fund, the transfer agent and any Financial Intermediaries may not maintain this
information. Shares acquired through reinvestment of dividends are not aggregated to achieve the stated investment goal.
Shareholder
Service Expenses
The
Fund has adopted a “Shareholder Services Plan” with respect to Class L Shares under which the Fund may compensate financial
industry professionals for providing ongoing services in respect of clients with whom they have distributed shares of the Fund. Such services
may include electronic processing of
client
orders, electronic fund transfers between clients and the Fund, account reconciliations with the Fund’s transfer agent, facilitation
of electronic delivery to clients of Fund documentation, monitoring client accounts for back-up withholding and any other special tax
reporting obligations, maintenance of books and records with respect to the foregoing, and such other information and liaison services
as the Fund or the Advisors may reasonably request.
Under
the Shareholder Services Plan, the Fund, with respect to Class L Shares, may incur expenses on an annual basis equal up to 0.25%
of its average net assets attributable to Class L Shares.
Distribution
Plan
The
Fund, with respect to its Class L Shares, is authorized under a “Distribution Plan” to pay to the Distributor a Distribution
Fee for certain activities relating to the distribution of shares to investors. These activities include marketing and other activities
to support the distribution of Class L Shares. The Plan operates in a manner consistent with Rule 12b-1 under the 1940 Act,
which regulates the manner in which an open-end investment company may directly or indirectly bear the expenses of distributing its shares.
Although the Fund is not an open-end investment company, it has undertaken to comply with the terms of Rule 12b-1 as a condition
of an exemptive order under the 1940 Act which permits it to have asset based distribution fees. Under the Distribution Plan, the Fund
pays the Distributor a Distribution Fee at an annual rate of 0.25% of average daily net assets attributable to Class L Shares.
About
the Distributor
ALPS
Distributors, Inc., located at 1290 Broadway, Suite 1000, Denver, CO 80203, serves as distributor of the Fund’s Shares.
DISTRIBUTIONS
The
Fund intends to make a distribution each month to its Shareholders of the net investment income of the Fund after payment of Fund operating
expenses. The dividend rate may be modified by the Board from time to time. Distributions can only be made from net investment income
after paying any accrued dividends to holders of Preferred Shares.
To
the extent that any portion of the Fund’s monthly distributions are considered a return of capital to Shareholders, such portion
would not be considered dividends for U.S. federal income tax purposes, and would represent a return of the amounts that such Shareholders
invested. Although such return of capital distributions are not currently taxable to Shareholders, such distributions will have the effect
of lowering a Shareholder’s tax basis in such Shares, and could result in a higher tax liability when the Shares are sold, even
if they have not increased in value, or in fact, have lost value. The Fund’s final distribution for each tax year is expected to
include any remaining investment company taxable income and net tax-exempt income undistributed during the tax year, as well as any undistributed
net capital gain realized during the tax year. If the total distributions made in any tax year exceed investment company taxable income,
net tax-exempt income and net capital gain, such excess distributed amount would be treated as ordinary dividend income to the extent
of the Fund’s current and accumulated earnings and profits. This distribution policy, may, under certain circumstances, have adverse
consequences to the Fund and its Shareholders because it may result in a return of capital resulting in less of a Shareholder’s
assets being invested in the Fund and, over time, increase the Fund’s expense ratio. The distribution policy also may cause the
Fund to sell securities at a time it would not otherwise do so to manage the distribution of income and gain. The initial distribution
will be declared on date determined by the Board.
Each
year, a statement on Form 1099-DIV identifying the sources of the distributions (i.e.,
paid from ordinary income, paid from net capital gains on the sale of securities, and/or a return of capital, which is a nontaxable distribution)
will be furnished to Shareholders subject to IRS reporting. Fund ordinary distributions may exceed the Fund’s earnings, especially
during the period before the Fund has substantially invested the proceeds from this offering. To the extent that the Fund pays distributions
to Shareholders using proceeds it receives from Fund distributions, such distributions generally would constitute a return of investor
capital and generally will lower an investor’s tax basis in his or her Shares. A return of capital generally is a return of an investor’s
investment rather than a return of earnings or gains derived from the Fund’s investment activities. There can be no assurance that
the Fund will be able to pay distributions at a specific rate or at all.
As
discussed in the “Tax Aspects” section, to qualify for and maintain RIC tax treatment, the Fund is required to distribute
on a timely basis with respect to each tax year dividends for U.S. federal income tax purposes of an amount at least equal to the sum
of 90% of “investment company taxable income” and net tax-exempt interest income, determined without regard to any deduction
for dividends paid, for such tax year. To avoid certain excise taxes imposed on RICs, the Fund is required to distribute in respect of
each calendar year dividends of an amount at least equal to the sum of (1) 98% of ordinary income (taking into account certain deferrals
and elections) for the calendar year, (2) 98.2% of capital gain net income (adjusted for certain ordinary losses) generally for the
one-year period ending on October 31 of the calendar year and (3) any ordinary income and capital gain net income for previous calendar years
that were not distributed during such calendar years and on which the Fund paid no U.S. federal income tax. The Fund can offer no
assurance that it will achieve results that will permit the payment of any cash distributions. If the Fund issues senior securities, the
Fund will be prohibited from making distributions if doing so causes it to fail to maintain the asset coverage ratios stipulated by the
1940 Act or if distributions are limited by the terms of any of the Fund’s borrowings. Any such limitations would adversely impact
the Fund’s ability to make distributions to Shareholders.
Dividend
Reinvestment Plan
The
Fund will operate under the DRP administered by SS&C GIDS, Inc. Pursuant to the plan, the Fund’s Distributions, net of any applicable
U.S. withholding tax, are reinvested in the same class of shares of the Fund.
Shareholders
automatically participate in the DRP, unless and until an election is made to withdraw from the plan on behalf of such participating Shareholder.
A Shareholder who does not wish to have
Distributions
automatically reinvested may terminate participation in the DRP at any time by written instructions to that effect to SS&C GIDS, Inc.
Shareholders who elect not to participate in the DRP will receive all distributions in cash paid to the Shareholder of record (or, if
the shares are held in street or other nominee name, then to such nominee). Such written instructions must be received by the SS&C
GIDS, Inc. 30 days prior to the record date of the Distribution or the Shareholder will receive such Distribution in shares through
the DRP. Under the DRP, the Fund’s Distributions to Shareholders are automatically reinvested in full and fractional shares as described
below.
When
the Fund declares a Distribution, SS&C GIDS, Inc., on the Shareholder’s behalf, will receive additional authorized shares from
the Fund either newly issued or repurchased from Shareholders by the Fund and held as treasury stock. The number of shares to be received
when Distributions are reinvested will be determined by dividing the amount of the Distribution by the Fund’s NAV per share.
SS&C
GIDS, Inc. will maintain all Shareholder accounts and furnish written confirmations of all transactions in the accounts, including information
needed by Shareholders for personal and tax records. SS&C GIDS, Inc. will hold shares in the account of the Shareholders in non-certificated
form in the name of the participant, and each Shareholder’s proxy, if any, will include those shares purchased pursuant to the DRP.
Each participant, nevertheless, has the right to request certificates for whole and fractional shares owned. The Fund will issue certificates
in its sole discretion. SS&C GIDS, Inc. will distribute all proxy solicitation materials, if any, to participating Shareholders.
In
the case of Shareholders, such as banks, brokers or nominees, that hold shares for others who are beneficial owners participating under
the DRP, SS&C GIDS, Inc. will administer the DRP on the basis of the number of shares certified from time to time by the record Shareholder
as representing the total amount of shares registered in the Shareholder’s name and held for the account of beneficial owners participating
under the DRP.
Neither
SS&C GIDS, Inc. nor the Fund shall have any responsibility or liability beyond the exercise of ordinary care for any action taken
or omitted pursuant to the DRP, nor shall they have any duties, responsibilities or liabilities except such as expressly set forth herein.
Neither shall they be liable hereunder for any act done in good faith or for any good faith omissions to act, including, without limitation,
failure to terminate a participant’s account prior to receipt of written notice of his or her death or with respect to prices at
which shares are purchased or sold for the participants account and the terms on which such purchases and sales are made, subject to applicable
provisions of the federal securities laws.
The
automatic reinvestment of Dividends will not relieve participants of any federal, state or local income tax that may be payable (or required
to be withheld) on such Dividends. See “Tax Aspects.”
The
Fund reserves the right to amend or terminate the DRP. There is no direct service charge to participants with regard to purchases under
the DRP; however, the Fund reserves the right to amend the DRP to include a service charge payable by the participants.
All
correspondence concerning the DRP should be directed to SS&C GIDS, Inc. at CION Ares Diversified Credit Fund c/o SS&C GIDS,
Inc., P.O. Box 219422, Kansas City, MO 64121-9422. Certain transactions can be performed by calling the toll free number 888-729-4266.
FISCAL
YEAR; REPORTS
For
accounting purposes, the Fund’s fiscal year and tax year end on December 31. As soon as practicable after the end of each calendar
year, a statement on Form 1099-DIV identifying the sources of the distributions paid by the Fund to Shareholders for tax purposes will
be furnished to Shareholders subject to IRS reporting. In addition, the Fund will prepare and transmit to Shareholders an unaudited semi-annual
and an audited annual report within 60 days after the close of the period for which the report is being made, or as otherwise required
by the 1940 Act.
PRIVACY
NOTICE
We
are committed to maintaining the privacy of our Shareholders and to safeguarding their nonpublic personal information. The following information
is provided to help you understand what personal information we collect, how we protect that information and why, in certain cases, we
may share information with select other parties.
Generally,
we will not receive any non-public personal information about Shareholders of the common stock of the Fund, although certain of our Shareholders’
non-public information may become available to us. The non-public personal information that we may receive falls into the following categories:
•
Information
we receive from Shareholders, whether we receive it orally, in writing or electronically. This includes Shareholders’ communications
to us concerning their investment;
•
Information
about Shareholders’ transactions and history with us; or
•
Other
general information that we may obtain about Shareholders, such as demographic and contact information such as address.
We
do not disclose any non-public personal information about Shareholders, except:
•
to
our affiliates (such as our investment advisor) and their employees that have a legitimate business need for the information;
•
to
our service providers (such as our administrator, accountants, attorneys, custodians, transfer agent, underwriter and proxy solicitors)
and their employees as is necessary to service Shareholder accounts or otherwise provide the applicable service;
•
to
comply with court orders, subpoenas, lawful discovery requests, or other legal or regulatory requirements; or
•
as
allowed or required by applicable law or regulation.
When
the Fund shares non-public Shareholder personal information referred to above, the information is made available for limited business
purposes and under controlled circumstances designed to protect our Shareholders’ privacy. The Fund does not permit use of Shareholder
information for any non-business or marketing purpose, nor does the Fund permit third parties to rent, sell, trade or otherwise release
or disclose information to any other party.
The
Fund’s service providers, such as their advisor, administrator, and transfer agent, are required to maintain physical, electronic,
and procedural safeguards to protect Shareholder nonpublic personal information; to prevent unauthorized access or use; and to dispose
of such information when it is no longer required.
Personnel
of affiliates may access Shareholder information only for business purposes. The degree of access is based on the sensitivity of the information
and on personnel need for the information to service a Shareholder’s account or comply with legal requirements.
If
a Shareholder ceases to be a Shareholder, we will adhere to the privacy policies and practices as described above. We may choose to modify
our privacy policies at any time. Before we do so, we will notify Shareholders and provide a description of our privacy policy.
In
the event of a corporate change in control resulting from, for example, a sale to, or merger with, another entity, or in the event of
a sale of assets, we reserve the right to transfer your non-public personal information to the new party in control or the party acquiring
assets.
INQUIRIES
Inquiries
concerning the Fund and the Shares should be directed to:
CION
Ares Management, LLC
Investor Services
100 Grossman Drive, Suite 301
Braintree, MA 02184
888-729-4266
Investors
should rely only on the information contained in this prospectus. No dealer, salesperson or other individual has been authorized to give
any information or to make any representations that are not contained in this prospectus. If any such information or statements are given
or made, investors should not rely upon such information or representations. This prospectus does not constitute an offer to sell any
securities other than those to which this prospectus relates, or an offer to sell to, or a solicitation of an offer to buy from, any person
in any jurisdiction where such an offer or solicitation would be unlawful. This prospectus speaks as of the date set forth below. Investors
should not assume that the delivery of this prospectus or that any sale made pursuant to this prospectus implies that the information
contained in this prospectus will remain fully accurate and correct as of any time subsequent to the date of this prospectus.
CION
ARES DIVERSIFIED CREDIT FUND
COMMON
SHARES OF BENEFICIAL INTEREST
CLASS L SHARES (CADWX)
PROSPECTUS
April 28,
2023
PROSPECTUS
April 28,
2023
CION
ARES DIVERSIFIED CREDIT FUND
COMMON SHARES OF BENEFICIAL INTEREST
CLASS U SHARES (CADZX)
$2,500 MINIMUM PURCHASE
CION
Ares Diversified Credit Fund (the “Fund”) is a Delaware statutory trust that is registered under the Investment Company Act
of 1940, as amended (the “1940 Act”), as a diversified, closed-end management investment company.
Investment
Objective. The Fund’s investment objective is to provide superior risk-adjusted
returns across various market cycles by investing in a diversified portfolio of liquid and illiquid asset classes. The Fund seeks to capitalize
on market inefficiencies and relative value opportunities throughout the entire global credit spectrum. There can be no assurance that
the Fund will achieve its investment objective.
Interval
Fund. The Fund is designed primarily for long-term investors and not as a
trading vehicle. The Fund is an “interval fund” (defined below) pursuant to which it, subject to applicable law, will conduct
quarterly repurchase offers for between 5% and 25% of the Fund’s outstanding common shares of beneficial interest (“Shares”)
at net asset value (“NAV”). In connection with any given repurchase offer, it is expected that the Fund will offer to repurchase
only the minimum amount of 5% of its outstanding Shares. It is also possible that a repurchase offer may be oversubscribed, with the result
that holders of Shares (“Shareholders”) may only be able to have a portion of their Shares repurchased. The Fund does not
currently intend to list its Shares for trading on any national securities exchange. The Shares are, therefore, not readily marketable.
Even though the Fund will make quarterly repurchase offers to repurchase a portion of the Shares to try to provide liquidity to Shareholders,
you should consider the Shares to be illiquid.
Principal
Investment Strategies. The Fund will invest primarily in a portfolio of directly
originated loans, secured floating and fixed rate syndicated loans, corporate bonds, asset-backed securities, commercial real estate loans
and other types of credit instruments, which, under normal circumstances, will represent at least 80% of the Fund’s Managed Assets
(as defined in this prospectus). For purposes of this policy, “credit instruments” may include commercial real estate mezzanine
loans, real estate mortgages, distressed securities, notes, bills, debentures, bank loans, convertible and preferred securities, government
and municipal obligations. The Fund may also invest in foreign instruments and illiquid and restricted securities. Most
of the credit instruments in which the Fund invests will be rated below investment grade by rating agencies or would be rated below investment
grade if they were rated. Credit instruments that are rated below investment grade (commonly referred to as “high yield” securities
or “junk bonds”) are regarded as having predominantly speculative characteristics with respect to the issuer’s capacity
to pay interest and repay principal. Because of the risks associated with investing in high yield securities, an investment in the Fund
should be considered speculative. Some of the credit instruments will have no credit rating at all.
Unlisted
Closed-End Fund. An investment in the Fund is subject to,
among others, the following risks:
•
There
is not expected to be any secondary trading market in the Shares.
•
Unlike
an investor in most closed-end funds, Shareholders should not expect to be able to sell their Shares regardless of how the Fund performs.
An investment in the Fund is considered illiquid.
•
If
a Shareholder is able to sell its Shares outside the quarterly repurchase process, the Shareholder likely will receive less than their
purchase price and the then current NAV per Share.
•
Unlike
most closed-end funds, the Shares are not listed on any securities exchange. The Fund intends to provide liquidity through quarterly offers
to repurchase a limited amount of the Fund’s Shares (at least 5%).
•
There
is no assurance that monthly distributions paid by the Fund will be maintained at the targeted level or that dividends will be paid at
all.
•
The
Fund’s distributions may be funded from unlimited amounts of offering proceeds or borrowings, which may constitute a return of capital
and reduce the amount of capital available to the Fund for investment. Any capital returned to Shareholders through distributions will
be distributed after payment of fees and expenses.
•
A
return of capital to Shareholders is a return of a portion of their original investment in the Fund, thereby reducing the tax basis of
their investment. As a result from such reduction in tax basis, Shareholders may be subject to tax in connection with the sale of Fund Shares,
even if such Shares are sold at a loss relative to the Shareholder’s original investment.
•
The
Fund’s distributions may result from expense reimbursements from CION Ares Management, LLC (“CAM” or the “Advisor”),
which are subject to repayment by the Fund. Shareholders should understand that any such distributions are not based on the Fund’s
investment performance and can only be sustained if the Fund achieves positive investment performance in future periods and/or CAM continues
to make such expense reimbursements. Shareholders should also understand that the Fund’s future repayments will reduce the distributions
that a Shareholder would otherwise receive.
•
The
Fund currently employs leverage through senior secured revolving credit facilities and its outstanding Mandatory Redeemable Preferred
Shares (“MRP Shares” and, together with any other preferred shares the Fund may have outstanding, “Preferred Shares”).
The Fund intends to continue to utilize leverage and may utilize leverage to the maximum extent permitted by law for investment and other
general corporate purposes. See “Types of Investments and Related Risks — Structured Products Risks — Leverage
Risk.”
Investing
in Shares involves a high degree of risk. See “Types of Investments and Related Risks” beginning on page 34
of this prospectus.
The
date of this prospectus is April 28, 2023.
|
|
|
Per Class U
Share(1) |
|
|
Total(1) |
|
Public Offering
Price |
|
|
Current NAV |
|
|
|
|
Unlimited |
|
|
Sales Load(1) |
|
|
None |
|
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|
|
— |
|
|
Proceeds to
Fund Before Expenses(2) |
|
|
$ amount invested at
current NAV |
|
|
|
|
Unlimited |
|
|
(1)
Generally,
the stated minimum initial investment by an investor in the Fund for Class U Shares is $2,500, which stated minimum may be reduced
for certain investors. Class U Shares are not subject to a sales load. While Class U Shares do not impose a front-end sales
charge, if you purchase Class U Shares through certain financial firms, they may directly charge you transaction or other fees in
such amount as they may determine. Please consult your financial firm for additional information. The Fund is offering on a continuous
basis an unlimited number of Shares.
(2)
Pursuant
to an expense support and conditional reimbursement agreement, dated as of December 6, 2016, as amended and restated (the “Expense
Support and Conditional Reimbursement Agreement”), between the Fund and the Advisor, the Fund will be obligated to reimburse the
Advisor for any such payments. See “Fund Expenses.”
Structure. The
Fund does not currently intend to list its Shares for trading on any securities exchange and does not expect any secondary market to develop
for its Shares. Shareholders of the Fund are not able to have their Shares redeemed or otherwise sell their Shares on a daily basis because
the Fund is an unlisted closed-end fund. To provide some liquidity to Shareholders, the Fund is structured as an “interval fund”
and conducts periodic repurchase offers for a portion of its outstanding Shares, as described below. An investment in the Fund is suitable
only for long-term investors who can bear the risks associated with the limited liquidity of the Shares.
Investment
Advisor and Sub-Advisor. The investment advisor to the Fund is CAM, a joint
venture between affiliates of Ares Management Corporation (“Ares”) and CION Investment Group, LLC (“CION”), that
is registered as an investment advisor with the U.S. Securities and Exchange Commission (the “SEC”) under the Investment Advisers
Act of 1940, as amended (the “Advisers Act”). The investment sub-advisor to the Fund is Ares Capital Management II LLC (“Ares
Capital” or the “Sub-Advisor” and collectively with the Advisor, the “Advisors”), an investment advisor
registered with the SEC under the Advisers Act. CAM oversees the management of the Fund’s activities and is responsible for making
investment decisions for the Fund’s portfolio with recommendations and support from Ares Capital.
Securities
Offered. The Fund is offering on a continuous basis an unlimited number of
common shares of beneficial interest. Class U Shares are offered by this prospectus. The Fund offers Class A Shares, Class C
Shares, Class I Shares, Class L Shares, Class U-2 Shares and Class W Shares through different prospectuses. While
Class U Shares do not impose a front-end sales charge, if you purchase Class U Shares through certain financial firms, they
may directly charge you transaction or other fees in such amount as they may determine. Please consult your financial firm for additional
information. The minimum initial investment by a Shareholder for Class U is $2,500; subsequent investments may be made with at least
$100 for regular accounts and $50 for retirement plan accounts. The Fund reserves the right to waive the investment minimum. Shares are
being offered through ALPS Distributors, Inc. (the “Distributor”) at an offering price equal to the Fund’s then current
NAV per Share.
This
prospectus concisely provides the information that a prospective investor should know about the Fund before investing. Investors are advised
to read this prospectus carefully and to retain it for future reference. Additional information about the Fund, including a statement
of additional information, dated April 28, 2023 (the “Statement of Additional Information”), has been filed with the
SEC and is incorporated by reference in its entirety into this prospectus. The Statement of Additional Information and the Fund’s
annual and semi-annual reports and other information filed with the SEC, can be obtained upon request and without charge by writing to
the Fund at CION Securities, LLC, 100 Park Avenue, 25th
Floor, New York, NY 10017 or by calling toll-free 888-729-4266, and investors may also request such information or make Shareholder inquiries
by calling 888-729-4266 or by visiting www.cioninvestments.com.
In addition, the contact information provided above may be used to request additional information about the Fund and to make Shareholder
inquiries. The Statement of Additional Information, other material incorporated by reference into this prospectus and other information
about the Fund is also available on the SEC’s website at http://www.sec.gov.
The address of the SEC’s website is provided solely for the information of prospective investors and is not intended to be an active
link.
The
Fund and the Advisors have obtained exemptive relief to, among other things, (i) designate multiple classes of Shares; and (ii) impose
class specific annual asset-based distribution fees on the assets of the various classes of Shares to be used to pay for expenses incurred
in fostering the distribution of the Shares of the particular class.
Shares
are not deposits or obligations of, and are not guaranteed or endorsed by, any bank or other insured depository institution, and Shares
are not insured by the Federal Deposit Insurance Corporation, the Board of Governors of the Federal Reserve System or any other government
agency.
Neither
the SEC nor any state securities commission has approved or disapproved these securities or determined if this prospectus is truthful
or complete. Any representation to the contrary is a criminal offense.
TABLE
OF CONTENTS
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Page
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1 |
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19 |
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21 |
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23 |
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24 |
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25 |
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26 |
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27 |
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34 |
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70 |
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76 |
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79 |
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81 |
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82 |
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84 |
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86 |
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93 |
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103 |
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104 |
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105 |
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109 |
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111 |
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112 |
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113 |
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SUMMARY
OF TERMS
This
is only a summary and does not contain all of the information that a prospective investor should consider before investing in the Fund.
Before investing, a prospective investor in the Fund should carefully read the more detailed information appearing elsewhere in this prospectus
and the Statement of Additional Information.
The
Fund is a Delaware statutory trust that is registered under the 1940 Act as a diversified, closed-end management investment company. The
Fund is operated as an “interval fund” (as defined below).
CAM
serves as the Fund’s investment advisor. CAM is registered as an investment advisor with the SEC under the Advisers Act.
CAM
is a joint venture between affiliates of Ares and CION and is controlled by Ares.
Ares
Capital serves as the Fund’s investment sub-advisor. Ares Capital is registered as an investment advisor with the SEC under the
Advisers Act.
CAM
and Ares Capital are collectively referred to as the Advisors. CAM oversees the management of the Fund’s activities and is responsible
for making investment decisions for the Fund’s portfolio with recommendations and support from Ares Capital.
The
Fund’s investment objective is to provide superior risk-adjusted returns across various market cycles by investing in a diversified
portfolio of liquid and illiquid asset classes. The Fund seeks to capitalize on market inefficiencies and relative value opportunities
throughout the entire global credit spectrum. There can be no assurance that the Fund will achieve its investment objective.
INVESTMENT
OPPORTUNITIES AND STRATEGIES
The
Fund will invest primarily in a portfolio of directly originated loans, secured floating and fixed rate syndicated loans, corporate bonds,
asset-backed securities, commercial real estate loans and other types of credit instruments, which, under normal circumstances, will represent
at least 80% of the Fund’s Managed Assets. For purposes of this policy, “credit instruments” may include commercial
real estate mezzanine loans, real estate mortgages, distressed securities, notes, bills, debentures, bank loans, convertible and preferred
securities, government and municipal obligations. The Fund may also invest in foreign instruments and illiquid and restricted securities.
“Managed Assets” means the total assets of the Fund (including any assets attributable to any Preferred Shares or to indebtedness)
minus the Fund’s liabilities other than liabilities relating to indebtedness.
Opportunistic,
Flexible, Untethered Credit Investments Strategy. The Advisors employ an opportunistic,
flexible and untethered global credit investments strategy based on absolute and relative value considerations, as well as analysis of
the credit markets. The Advisors seek risk-adjusted returns over full market cycles by creating and managing a diversified portfolio across
multiple industry sectors and geographic regions. The Advisors systematically allocate capital across multiple segments of the global
fixed-income markets, including U.S. and non-U.S. credit instruments. It is anticipated that most of the Fund’s investments will
be rated below investment grade or would be rated below investment grade if they were rated. Non-investment grade fixed income securities,
also known as “junk bonds”, are considered speculative. Some of the credit instruments will have no credit rating at all.
The Fund is untethered to benchmark-specific guidelines, thereby providing the Advisors with significant latitude to invest where they
see opportunities and to reduce exposure to areas where they see less value or heightened downside risks.
Relative
Value Focus. A primary driver of the Fund’s investment strategy is a
relative value focus whereby the Advisors seek to identify market dislocations caused by, among other factors, (i) significant corporate
transactional events, such as spinoffs, mergers and acquisitions, industry consolidations, liquidations, reorganizations, bankruptcies,
recapitalizations and share buybacks and other extraordinary corporate transactions; (ii) market inefficiencies resulting from the
misunderstanding by the broader investment community of a particular company or industry, which misunderstanding results in the income
of such investment reflecting a higher risk premium or the market price of such investment reflecting a lower value than is deemed warranted
by the Advisors; (iii) companies experiencing financial stress resulting in a mispricing of their securities either because such
securities pay higher income due to perceived risk or trade at a significant discount to fair value whereby the underlying asset values
limit downside risk and offer meaningful upside potential; and (iv) sell-offs in one or more of the relevant credit markets.
Access
to Ares Transaction Flow. The Advisors intend to benefit from the market presence,
scale, infrastructure and demonstrated investment experience of Ares to gain access to transaction flow and a broad set of investment
opportunities across the non-investment grade credit spectrum. Unlike many other alternative investment managers, Ares operates in a fully
integrated manner and encourages frequent collaboration among its investment professionals. This unique approach allows Ares to draw from
the collective market insight, industry expertise, contacts and experience of its over 880 investment professionals around the world.
The
Fund intends to focus on what the Advisors believe are the broader Ares platform’s most attractive investment ideas from a risk-adjusted
return standpoint in order to achieve its investment objective. The Advisors intend to be opportunistic. As such, the Advisors have the
flexibility to invest where they see opportunities, based on their extensive credit research expertise and analysis of the relevant credit
markets, in a variety of credit instruments with varying yield and risk profiles.
Active
Monitoring and Investing, with Bottom-Up and Top-Down Credit Analysis by Deep and Experienced Team. The
Advisors will actively construct and manage a portfolio of credit investments and, as necessary, periodically rebalance the Fund’s
allocation of assets among different types of credit investments utilizing the Advisors’ strategies to seek to optimize the Fund’s
allocation to achieve the Fund’s investment objective under the market conditions existing at such time.
With
respect to each investment opportunity, the Advisors intend to take a bottom-up and top-down approach to their credit analysis that will
focus on each individual investment as well as global macroeconomic factors and the industry in which the subject entity operates. The
Advisors’ investment process will be rigorous, proactive and continuous, and will emphasize team management. Close monitoring of
each investment in the portfolio provides the basis for making buy, sell and hold decisions. In managing the Fund’s portfolio, the
Advisors will utilize their and the broader Ares platform’s deep and experienced teams of credit specialists to analyze investments
and engage in regular and periodic monitoring of credit risk with a goal toward the early identification, and sale, of credit instruments
and other investments with potential credit problems. This monitoring process may include reviewing (i) an issuer’s financial
resources and operating history; (ii) a comparison of an issuer’s current operating results with the Advisors’ initial
investment thesis for the investment and initial expectations for the performance of the obligation; (iii) an issuer’s sensitivity
to economic conditions; (iv) the performance of an issuer’s management; (v) an issuer’s debt maturities and borrowing
requirements; (vi) an issuer’s interest and asset coverage; and (vii) the relative value of an investment based on an
issuer’s anticipated cash flow or where other comparable assets are trading in the market.
The
Fund’s portfolio will consist of some combination of the following types of investments:
Direct
Lending. The Fund may invest in first lien senior secured loans (including
“unitranche” loans, which are loans that combine both senior and mezzanine debt, generally in a first lien position), second
lien senior secured loans and mezzanine debt, which in some cases includes an equity component, of U.S. and European middle-market
companies,
where the Advisors believe the supply of primary capital is limited and the investment opportunities are most attractive. These investments
are typically made to companies with annual EBITDA between $10 million and $250 million. As used herein, EBITDA represents net
income before net interest expense, income tax expense, depreciation and amortization.
Syndicated
Corporate Loans. Senior, secured corporate loans (“Syndicated Loans”)
generally benefit from liens on collateral, are rated below-investment grade and typically pay interest at rates that are determined periodically
on the basis of a floating base lending rate, primarily the London-Interbank Offered Rate (“LIBOR”), the Secured Overnight
Financing Rate (“SOFR”), or another reference rate, plus a spread. Syndicated Loans are typically made to U.S. and, to a lesser
extent, non-U.S. corporations, partnerships, limited liability companies and other business entities (together with issuers of Corporate
Bonds (as defined below) and other debt securities, (“Borrowers”) which operate in various industries and geographical regions.
Borrowers may obtain Syndicated Loans, among other reasons, to refinance existing debt, engage in acquisitions, pay dividends, recapitalize,
complete leveraged buyouts and for general corporate purposes. Syndicated Loans rated below investment grade are sometimes referred to
as “leveraged loans”. The Fund may invest in Syndicated Loans through assignments of or, to a lesser extent, participations
in Syndicated Loans. The Fund may utilize various types of derivative instruments (“Derivatives”), including total return
swaps for the purpose of gaining exposure to Syndicated Loans.
Corporate
Bonds. An issuer of high-yield corporate bonds (“Corporate Bonds”)
typically pays the investor a fixed rate of interest and must repay the amount borrowed on or before maturity. The investment return of
Corporate Bonds reflects interest on the security and changes in the market value of the security. The market value of a Corporate Bond
generally may be expected to rise and fall inversely with interest rates. The value of intermediate- and longer-term Corporate Bonds normally
fluctuates more in response to changes in interest rates than does the value of shorter-term Corporate Bonds. The market value of a Corporate
Bond also may be affected by investors’ perceptions of the creditworthiness of the issuer, the issuer’s performance and perceptions
of the issuer in the market place. There is a risk that the issuers of Corporate Bonds may not be able to meet their obligations on interest
or principal payments at the time called for by an instrument. The Fund may utilize various types of Derivatives, including swaps, for
the purpose of gaining exposure to Corporate Bonds.
Structured
Credit. The Fund may invest in asset-backed opportunities across broad sectors
such as consumer and commercial specialty finance and corporate credit. The Fund
will
target investment opportunities that are directly originated and privately negotiated that may include (i) financings secured by
pools of consumer loans, commercial loans or real estate assets; (ii) the outright purchase of pools of consumer loans, commercial
loans or real estate assets; and (iii) debt and equity investments in U.S.-dollar-denominated collateralized loan obligations (“CLOs”)
that are primarily backed by corporate leveraged loans issued to primarily U.S. obligors (“U.S. CLOs”), as well as Euro-denominated
CLOs that are backed primarily by corporate leveraged loans issued to primarily European obligors (“European CLOs”). The investments
in the “equity” of structured credit products (including CLOs) refers to the junior-most or residual debt tranche of such
structured credit products (i.e.,
the tranche whose rights to payment are not senior to any other tranche, which does not typically receive a credit rating and is typically
not secured (and is also typically referred to as subordinated notes, income notes, preferred shares or preferred securities, or, more
generally, as “equity”)) (the “Residual Tranche”).
The
CLO equity tranches (or other similar junior tranches) and privately issued asset-backed securities in which the Fund invests may be highly
leveraged, which magnifies the Fund’s risk of loss on such investments.
Stressed
Investments. The Fund may invest in Syndicated Loans and Corporate Bonds and
other obligations of companies, referred to herein as “Stressed Issuers,” that may be in some level of financial or business
distress, including companies involved in, or that have recently completed, bankruptcy or other reorganization and liquidation proceedings.
These investments may include (i) corporate debt instruments relating to stressed and distressed industries or issuers; (ii) rescue-capital
opportunities; (iii) public and private stock issued in connection with restructurings and reorganizations or otherwise (“post-reorganization
securities”); and (iv) other opportunistic investments resulting from periods of market dislocation.
Commercial
Real Estate Loans.
Senior
Mortgage Loans: These mortgage loans are typically secured by first liens on commercial properties, including the following
property types: office, multifamily, retail, industrial, hospitality and mixed-use. In some cases, first lien mortgages may be divided
into an A-Note and a B-Note. The A-Note is typically a privately negotiated loan that is secured by a first mortgage on a commercial property
or group of related properties that is senior to a B-Note secured by the same first mortgage property or group.
Subordinated
Debt: These loans may include structurally subordinated first mortgage loans and junior participations in first mortgage
loans or
participations
in these types of assets. As noted above, a B-Note is typically a privately negotiated loan that is secured by a first mortgage on a commercial
property or group of related properties and is subordinated to an A-Note secured by the same first mortgage property or group. The subordination
of a B-Note or junior participation typically is evidenced by participations or intercreditor agreements with other holders of interests
in the note. B-Notes are subject to more credit risk with respect to the underlying mortgage collateral than the corresponding A-Note.
Preferred
Equity: Real estate preferred equity investments are subordinate to first mortgage loans and are not collateralized by
the property underlying the investment. As a holder of preferred equity, the Fund seeks to enhance its position with covenants that limit
the activities of the entity in which the Fund has an interest and protect the Fund’s equity by obtaining an exclusive right to
control the underlying property after an event of default, should such a default occur on the Fund’s investment.
Mezzanine
Loans: Like B-Notes, these loans are also subordinated, but are usually secured by a pledge of the borrower’s equity
ownership in the entity that owns the property or by a second lien mortgage on the property. In a liquidation, these loans are generally
junior to any mortgage liens on the underlying property, but senior to any preferred equity or common equity interests in the entity that
owns the property. Investor rights are usually governed by intercreditor agreements.
Other
Investment Strategies. The Fund may also invest in commercial real estate mezzanine
loans, real estate mortgages, distressed securities, notes, bills, debentures, bank loans, convertible and preferred securities, government
and municipal obligations and other credit instruments with similar economic characteristics. In addition, from time to time, the Fund
may invest in or hold common stock and other equity securities incidental to the purchase or ownership of a Syndicated Loan or Corporate
Bond or in connection with a reorganization of a borrower. The Fund may engage in short sales. The Fund may also use Derivatives to gain
investment exposure to credit instruments, to provide downside protection and to dampen volatility. Derivatives may allow the Fund to
increase or decrease the level of risk to which the Fund is exposed more quickly and efficiently than transactions in other types of instruments.
The Fund may invest in securities of other investment companies, including ETFs, to the extent that these investments are consistent with
the Fund’s investment objective, strategies and policies and permissible under the 1940 Act or any applicable exemption therefrom.
The Fund may invest in other investment companies to gain broad
market
or sector exposure, including during periods when it has large amounts of uninvested cash or when the Advisors believe share prices of
other investment companies offer attractive values.
Other
Characteristics
Below
Investment Grade Credit Instruments. Most of the credit instruments in which
the Fund may invest will be rated below investment grade (also known as “junk bonds”). Securities rated below investment grade
are those that, at the time of investment, are rated Ba1 or lower by Moody’s Investors Service, Inc. (“Moody’s”),
or BB+ or lower by Standard & Poor’s Corporation Ratings Group (“S&P”) or Fitch Ratings, Inc. (“Fitch”),
or if unrated are determined by the Advisors to be of comparable quality. Below investment grade securities often are regarded as having
predominately speculative characteristics with respect to an issuer’s capacity to pay interest and repay principal. In addition,
lower quality debt securities tend to be more sensitive to general economic conditions. Although many of the Fund’s investments
may consist of securities rated below investment grade, the Fund reserves the right to invest in credit instruments of any credit quality,
maturity and duration.
Foreign
Instruments. The Fund may make investments in non-U.S. entities, including
issuers in emerging markets. Emerging market countries are countries that major international financial institutions, such as the World
Bank, generally consider to be less economically mature than developed nations, such as the United States or most nations in Western Europe.
Emerging market countries can include every nation in the world except the United States, Canada, Japan, Australia, New Zealand, most
countries located in Western Europe and certain other countries. The Fund expects that its investment in non-U.S. issuers will be made
primarily in U.S. dollar denominated securities, but it reserves the right to purchase securities that are foreign currency denominated.
Some non-U.S. securities may be less liquid and more volatile than securities of comparable U.S. issuers.
Illiquid
and Restricted Securities. The Fund may invest in instruments that, at the
time of investment, are illiquid (generally, those securities that cannot be disposed of within seven days in the ordinary course of business
at approximately the value at which the Fund has valued the securities). Although the Fund may invest in such instruments without limitation,
pursuant to the requirements of the 1940 Act, the Board of Trustees (the “Board”) has adopted, and the Fund follows, procedures
designed to ensure that the Fund maintains sufficient liquidity to meet its periodic repurchase obligations as an interval fund. The Fund
may also invest, without limit, in securities that are unregistered (but are eligible for purchase and sale by certain qualified institutional
buyers) or are held by control persons
of
the issuer and securities that are subject to contractual restrictions on their resale.
The
Fund may invest its cash balances in money market instruments, U.S. government securities, commercial paper, certificates of deposit,
repurchase agreements and other high-quality debt instruments maturing in one year or less, among other instruments. In addition, and
in response to adverse market, economic or political conditions, the Fund may invest in high-quality fixed income securities, money market
instruments and money market funds or may hold significant positions in cash or cash equivalents for defensive purposes.
MANAGEMENT
AND INCENTIVE FEES
Pursuant
to the investment advisory agreement, dated as of December 6, 2016 (the “Investment Advisory Agreement”), by and between
the Fund and the Advisor, and in consideration of the advisory services provided by the Advisor to the Fund, the Advisor is entitled to
a fee consisting of two components — a base management fee (the “Management Fee”) and an incentive
fee (the “Incentive Fee”). The Investment Advisory Agreement was most recently amended and restated as of May 22, 2020.
Pursuant to the investment sub-advisory agreement, dated as of December 6, 2016 (the “Investment Sub-Advisory Agreement”),
by and between the Advisors and the Fund, the Advisor pays the Sub-Advisor 40% of the Management Fee and Incentive Fee actually received
and retained and not otherwise used to support expenses.
The
Management Fee is calculated and payable monthly at the annual rate of 1.25% of the average daily value of the Fund’s Managed Assets.
The
Incentive Fee is calculated and payable quarterly in arrears based upon “pre-incentive fee net investment income” attributable
to each class of the Fund’s Shares for the immediately preceding fiscal quarter, and is subject to a hurdle rate, expressed as a
rate of return based on each class’s average daily net asset value (calculated in accordance with GAAP), equal to 1.50% per quarter
(or an annualized hurdle rate of 6.00%), subject to a “catch-up” feature. For this purpose, “pre-incentive fee net investment
income” means interest income, dividend income and any other income accrued during the fiscal quarter, minus each class’s
operating expenses for the quarter and the distribution and/or shareholder servicing fees (if any) applicable to each class accrued during
the fiscal quarter. For such purposes, the Fund’s operating expenses will include the Management Fee, expenses reimbursed to CAM
under the administration agreement, dated as of December 6, 2016 (the “CAM Administration Agreement”), by and between
the Fund and CAM, and any interest expense and distributions paid on any issued and outstanding Preferred Shares, but will exclude the
Incentive Fee.
The
“catch-up” provision is intended to provide the Advisor with an incentive fee of 15% on each class’s pre-incentive fee
net investment income when that class’s pre-incentive fee net investment income reaches 1.765% of the class’s average daily
net asset value (calculated in accordance with GAAP) in any fiscal quarter.
The
Advisors are obligated to pay expenses associated with providing the investment services stated in the Investment Advisory Agreement and
Investment Sub-Advisory Agreement, including compensation of and office space for their officers and employees connected with investment
and economic research, trading and investment management of the Fund.
The
Board, including a majority of the members of the Board (each, a “Trustee”) that are considered independent and are not “interested
persons” (as defined in Section 2(a)(19) of the 1940 Act) of the Fund or the Advisors (collectively, the “Independent
Trustees”), oversees and monitors the Fund’s investment performance and will periodically review the Investment Advisory Agreement
and Investment Sub-Advisory Agreement to determine, among other things, whether the fees payable under such agreements are reasonable
in light of the services provided.
The
Advisor and the Fund have entered into the Expense Support and Conditional Reimbursement Agreement under which the Advisor may voluntarily
determine to reimburse the Fund’s operating expenses to the extent that it deems appropriate in order to ensure that the Fund bears
an appropriate level of expenses. The Expense Support and Conditional Reimbursement Agreement may be renewed for additional one-year terms
by the mutual agreement of the Advisor and the Fund.
The
Fund has agreed to repay the Advisor in the amount of any Fund expenses reimbursed under the Expense Support and Conditional Reimbursement
Agreement (including any organizational, offering, or operating costs reimbursed under the original and first amended and restated expense
support and conditional reimbursement agreements (collectively, the “Expense Support and Conditional Reimbursement Agreements”))
(each such payment, an “Expense Payment”), subject to the limitation that a reimbursement (an “Advisor Reimbursement”)
will be made only if and to the extent that (i) it is payable not more than three years from the last business day of the calendar
quarter in which the applicable Expense Payment was made by the Advisor; (ii) the Advisor Reimbursement does not cause Other Fund Operating
Expenses (as defined herein) (on an annualized basis and net of any reimbursements received by the Fund during such fiscal year) during
the applicable quarter to exceed the percentage of the Fund’s average net assets attributable to Class U Shares represented
by Other Fund Operating Expenses (on an annualized basis) during the quarter in
which
the applicable Expense Payment from the Advisor was made; and (iii) the distributions per share declared by the Fund for the applicable
class at the time of the applicable Expense Payment are less than the effective rate of distributions per share for such class at the
time the Advisor Reimbursement would be paid. See “Fund Expenses — Expense Support and Conditional Reimbursement
Agreement” for additional information. The Expense Support and Conditional Reimbursement Agreement will remain in effect at least
until July 31, 2023, unless and until the Board approves its modification or termination. This agreement may be terminated only by
the Board on notice to the Advisor. See “Fund Expenses.”
Class U
Shares will pay to the Distributor a distribution fee (the “Distribution Fee”) that will accrue at an annual rate equal to
0.75% of the Fund’s average daily net assets attributable to Class U Shares and is payable on a quarterly basis. See “Plan
of Distribution.”
Pursuant
to the CAM Administration Agreement, CAM furnishes the Fund with office equipment and clerical, bookkeeping and record keeping services
at the Fund’s office facilities. Under the CAM Administration Agreement, the Fund is obligated to reimburse CAM, at cost, based
upon the Fund’s allocable portion of CAM’s overhead and other expenses (including travel expenses) incurred by CAM in performing
its obligations under the CAM Administration Agreement, including the Fund’s allocable portion of the compensation of certain of
its officers (including but not limited to the chief compliance officer, chief financial officer, chief accounting officer, general counsel,
treasurer and assistant treasurer) and their respective staffs. The CAM Administration Agreement may be terminated by either party without
penalty upon 60 days’ written notice to the other party.
Pursuant
to the administration agreement between ALPS Fund Services, Inc. (“ALPS Fund Services”) and the Fund (the “ALPS
Administration Agreement”), ALPS Fund Services performs, or administers the performance of, certain of the Fund’s required
administrative services, which include, among other things, providing administrative assistance in accounting, legal, compliance, and
operations, preparing the financial records that the Fund is required to maintain and preparing reports to the Fund’s Shareholders
and reports filed with the SEC. In addition, ALPS Fund Services coordinates the preparation and filing of the Fund’s tax returns
and generally coordinates the payment of the Fund’s expenses and the performance of administrative and professional services rendered
to the Fund.
It
is also understood and agreed that if persons associated with the Advisors or any of their affiliates, including persons who are officers
of the Fund, provide accounting, legal, clerical or administrative services to the Fund at the request of the Fund, the Fund will reimburse
the Advisors and their
affiliates
for their costs in providing such accounting, legal, clerical or administrative services to the Fund (which costs may include an allocation
of overhead including rent and the allocable portion of the salaries and benefits of the relevant persons and their respective staffs,
including travel expenses), using a methodology for determining costs approved by the Board. Nothing contained herein shall be construed
to restrict the Fund’s right to hire its own employees or to contract for services to be performed by third parties.
The
Fund’s distribution policy is to make monthly distributions to Shareholders. Distributions can only be made from net investment
income after paying any accrued dividends to holders of Preferred Shares. See “Distributions.”
The
Board reserves the right to change the distribution policy from time to time.
DIVIDEND
REINVESTMENT
PLAN
The
Fund operates under a dividend reinvestment plan (“DRP”) administered by SS&C Global Investor & Distribution Solutions,
Inc. (“SS&C GIDS, Inc.”). Pursuant to the plan, the Fund’s income dividends or capital gains or other distributions
(each, a “Distribution” and collectively, “Distributions”), net of any applicable U.S. withholding tax, are reinvested
in the same class of shares of the Fund.
Shareholders
automatically participate in the DRP, unless and until an election is made to withdraw from the plan on behalf of such participating Shareholder.
A Shareholder who does not wish to have Distributions automatically reinvested may terminate participation in the Plan at any time by
written instructions to that effect to SS&C GIDS, Inc. Shareholders who elect not to participate in the DRP will receive all distributions
in cash paid to the Shareholder of record (or, if the shares are held in street or other nominee name, then to such nominee). Such written
instructions must be received by SS&C GIDS, Inc. 30 days prior to the record date of the Distribution or the Shareholder will
receive such Distribution in shares through the DRP. Under the DRP, the Fund’s Distributions to Shareholders are reinvested in full
and fractional shares. See “Distributions — Dividend Reinvestment Plan.”
The
Board has overall responsibility for monitoring and overseeing the Fund’s management and operations. A majority of the Trustees
are Independent Trustees. See “Management of the Fund.”
The
Fund’s Shares are offered on a daily basis. Please see “Plan of Distribution” on page 101 for purchase instructions
and additional information.
The
minimum initial investment for Class U is $2,500; subsequent investments may be made with at least $100 for regular accounts and
$50 for retirement plan accounts, except for purchases made pursuant to the Fund’s DRP or
as
otherwise permitted by the Fund. The Fund reserves the right to waive the investment minimum. See “Distributions — Dividend
Reinvestment Plan.”
Investors
eligible to purchase Class I Shares may convert Class U Shares to Class I Shares. Class U Shares will automatically
convert into Class I Shares if the total sales charge would otherwise exceed the limits of Financial Industry Regulatory Authority
(“FINRA”) Rule 2341. See “Plan of Distribution” on page 101.
ALPS
Distributors, Inc., located at 1290 Broadway, Suite 1000, Denver, CO 80203, serves as the Fund’s principal underwriter and acts
as the Distributor of the Fund’s Shares on a best efforts basis, subject to various conditions. The Fund’s Shares are offered
for sale through the Distributor at NAV. The Distributor also may enter into broker-dealer selling agreements with other broker dealers
for the sale and distribution of the Fund’s Shares. While Class U Shares do not impose a front-end sales charge, if you purchase
Class U Shares through certain financial firms, they may directly charge you transaction or other fees in such amount as they may
determine.
The
Distributor is not required to sell any specific number or dollar amount of the Fund’s Shares but will use its best efforts to solicit
orders for the sale of the Shares. Shares of the Fund will not be listed on any national securities exchange and the Distributor will
not act as a market maker in Fund Shares.
The
Distributor has entered into a wholesale marketing agreement with CION Securities, LLC (“CION Securities”), a registered broker-dealer
and an affiliate of CION. Pursuant to the terms of the wholesale marketing agreement, CION Securities will seek to market and otherwise
promote the Fund through various wholesale distribution channels, including, but not limited to, regional and independent retail broker-dealers
and registered investment advisors.
The
Advisors or their affiliates, in the Advisors’ discretion and from their own resources, may pay additional compensation to financial
intermediaries and their agents that have made arrangements with the Fund and are authorized to buy and sell shares of the Fund (collectively,
“Financial Intermediaries”) in connection with the sale of Fund Shares (the “Additional Compensation”). In
return for the Additional Compensation, the Fund may receive certain marketing advantages including access to a broker’s or dealer’s
registered representatives, placement on a list of investment options offered by a broker or dealer, or the ability to assist in training
and educating the broker’s or dealer’s registered representatives. The Additional Compensation may differ among brokers or
dealers in amount or in the amount of calculation. Payments of Additional Compensation may be fixed dollar amounts or, based on the aggregate
value of outstanding Shares held by
Shareholders
introduced by the broker or dealer, or determined in some other manner. The receipt of Additional Compensation by a selling broker or
dealer may create potential conflicts of interest between an investor and its broker or dealer who is recommending the fund over other
potential investments.
ERISA
PLANS AND OTHER TAX-EXEMPT ENTITIES
Investors
subject to the Employee Retirement Income Security Act of 1974, as amended (“ERISA”), and other tax-exempt entities, including
employee benefit plans, individual retirement accounts (“IRAs”), 401(k) plans and Keogh plans, may purchase Shares. Because
the Fund is registered as an investment company under the 1940 Act, the underlying assets of the Fund will not be considered to be “plan
assets” of the ERISA plans investing in the Fund for purposes of ERISA’s fiduciary responsibility and prohibited transaction
rules. Thus, none of the Fund or the Advisors will be a fiduciary within the meaning of ERISA with respect to the assets of any ERISA
plan that becomes a Shareholder, solely as a result of the ERISA plan’s investment in the Fund. See “ERISA Considerations.”
UNLISTED
CLOSED-END INTERVAL FUND STRUCTURE
The
Fund has been organized as a continuously offered, diversified closed-end management investment company. Closed-end funds differ from
open-end funds (commonly known as mutual funds) in that investors in closed-end funds do not have the right to redeem their shares on
a daily basis. Unlike most closed-end funds, which typically list their shares on a securities exchange, the Fund does not currently intend
to list the Shares for trading on any securities exchange, and the Fund does not expect any secondary market to develop for the Shares
in the foreseeable future. Therefore, an investment in the Fund, unlike an investment in a typical closed-end fund, is not a liquid investment.
To provide some liquidity to Shareholders, the Fund will be structured as an “interval fund” and conduct quarterly repurchase
offers for a limited amount of the Fund’s Shares (at least 5%).
The
Fund believes that an unlisted closed-end structure is most appropriate for the long-term nature of the Fund’s strategy. With event-driven
strategies or similar types of investments, the ability to hold positions — through all manner of market environments — until
the occurrence of the anticipated event or catalyst that unlocks value is crucial. Features that interfere with this ability (such as
daily redemptions permitted by open-end funds that can require the premature sale of investments) could impair the Fund’s ability
to execute its investment strategy. Accordingly, an unlisted closed-end structure helps the Fund achieve its investment objective. The
Fund’s NAV per Share may be volatile. As the Shares are not traded, investors will not be able to dispose of their investment in
the Fund no matter how poorly the Fund performs. Because exchange-traded
closed-end
funds also do not redeem Shares, they also could execute the Fund’s buy-and-hold strategy. Because an exchange-traded closed-end
fund’s shares can trade at a discount to NAV, they may present a more attractive opportunity to investors.
The
Fund currently offers seven different classes of Shares: Class A, Class C, Class I, Class L, Class U, Class U-2
and Class W Shares. The Fund began continuously offering its Shares on January 3, 2017. As of July 11, 2017, the Fund simultaneously
redesignated its issued and outstanding Shares as Class A Shares and created its Class C, Class I and Class L Shares.
As of December 4, 2018, the Fund created its Class U and Class W Shares. As of March 31, 2020, the Fund created its
Class U-2 Shares. An investment in any Share class of the Fund represents an investment in the same assets of the Fund. However,
the purchase restrictions and ongoing fees and expenses for each Share class are different. The fees and expenses for the Fund are set
forth in “Summary of Fees and Expenses.” If you have hired an intermediary and are eligible to invest in more than one class
of Shares, the intermediary may help determine which Share class is appropriate for you. When selecting a Share class, you should consider
which Share classes are available to you, how much you intend to invest, how long you expect to own Shares, and the total costs and expenses
associated with a particular Share class. The Fund offers Class A Shares, Class C Shares, Class I Shares, Class L
Shares, Class U-2 Shares and Class W Shares through different prospectuses. Investors eligible to purchase Class I Shares
may convert Class U Shares to Class I Shares. See “Plan of Distribution.”
Each
investor’s financial considerations are different. You should speak with your financial advisor to help you decide which Share class
is best for you. Not all Financial Intermediaries offer all classes of Shares. If your Financial Intermediary offers more than one class
of Shares, you should carefully consider which class of Shares to purchase.
The
Board has designated the Advisor as the Fund’s valuation designee for purposes of Rule 2a-5 under the 1940 Act. The Advisor
is responsible for the valuation of the Fund’s portfolio investments for which market quotations are not readily available, as determined
in good faith pursuant to the Advisor’s valuation policy and consistently applied valuation process. Pursuant to the portfolio valuation
process set forth in the Advisor’s valuation policy, the Advisor utilizes independent third-party pricing services and independent
third-party valuation services. Portfolio securities and other assets for which market quotes are readily available are valued at market
value. In circumstances where market quotes are not readily available, the Advisor has adopted methods for determining the fair value
of such securities and other assets. The Fund utilizes the Fund’s NAV per Fund Share, as determined by the Fund in
accordance
with the methodology described in the Advisor’s valuation policy, in determining the Fund’s NAV per Share. Valuations of Fund
investments are disclosed in reports publicly filed with the SEC.
The
Advisor will provide the Board with periodic reports, no less than quarterly, that discuss the functioning of the valuation process, if
applicable to that period, and that identify issues and valuation problems that have arisen, if any. See “Determination of Net Asset
Value.”
The
Shares have no history of public trading, nor is it intended that the Shares will be listed on a public exchange at this time. No secondary
market is expected to develop for the Fund’s Shares.
The
Fund is an “interval fund,” a type of fund which, to provide some liquidity to Shareholders, makes quarterly offers to repurchase
between 5% and 25% of its outstanding Shares at NAV, pursuant to Rule 23c-3 under the 1940 Act, unless such offer is suspended or
postponed in accordance with regulatory requirements (as discussed below). In connection with any given repurchase offer, it is expected
the Fund will offer to repurchase only the minimum amount of 5% of its outstanding Shares. Quarterly repurchases occur in the months
of March, June, September and December. The offer to purchase Shares is a fundamental policy that may not be changed without the vote
of the holders of a majority of the Fund’s outstanding voting securities (as defined in the 1940 Act). Written notification of each
quarterly repurchase offer (the “Repurchase Offer Notice”) is sent to Shareholders at least 21 calendar days before the repurchase
request deadline (i.e., the date
by which Shareholders can tender their Shares in response to a repurchase offer) (the “Repurchase Request Deadline”). The
Fund expects to determine the NAV applicable to repurchases on the Repurchase Request Deadline. However, the NAV will be calculated no
later than the 14th calendar day (or the next business day if the 14th calendar day is not a business day) after the Repurchase Request
Deadline (the “Repurchase Pricing Date”). The Fund expects to distribute payment to Shareholders between one and three business
days after the Repurchase Pricing Date and will distribute such payment no later than seven calendar days after such Date. The Fund’s
Shares are not listed on any securities exchange, and the Fund anticipates that no secondary market will develop for its Shares. Accordingly,
you may not be able to sell Shares when and/or in the amount that you desire. Thus, the Shares are appropriate only as a long-term investment.
In addition, the Fund’s repurchase offers may subject the Fund and Shareholders to special risks. See “Types of Investments
and Related Risks — Repurchase Offers Risks.”
The
Fund has elected to be treated for U.S. federal income tax purposes, and intends to qualify annually, as a regulated investment company
(“RIC”) under Subchapter M of the
Internal Revenue Code of 1986, as amended
(the “Code”). As a RIC, the Fund generally will not be subject to corporate-level U.S. federal income taxes on any net ordinary
income or capital gains that is currently distributed as dividends for U.S. federal income tax purposes to Shareholders, as applicable.
To qualify and maintain its qualification as a RIC for U.S. federal income tax purposes, the Fund is required to meet certain specified
source-of-income and asset diversification requirements and is required to distribute dividends for U.S. federal income tax purposes of
an amount at least equal to 90% of the sum of its net ordinary income and realized net short-term capital gains in excess of realized
net long-term capital losses each tax year to Shareholders, as applicable. See “Distributions” and “Tax Aspects.”
For accounting purposes,
the Fund’s fiscal year is the 12-month period ending on December 31.
As soon as practicable
after the end of each calendar year, a statement on Form 1099-DIV identifying the sources of the distributions paid by the Fund to Shareholders
for tax purposes will be furnished to Shareholders subject to Internal Revenue Service (“IRS”) reporting. In addition, the
Fund will prepare and transmit to Shareholders an unaudited semi-annual and an audited annual report within 60 days after the close of
the period for which the report is being made, or as otherwise required by the 1940 Act.
Investing in the Fund
involves risks, including the risk that a Shareholder may receive little or no return on their investment or that a Shareholder may lose
part or all of their investment. Below is a summary of some of the principal risks of investing in the Fund. For a more complete discussion
of the risks of investing in the Fund, see “Types of Investments and Related Risks.” Shareholders should consider carefully
the following principal risks before investing in the Fund:
•
Unlike
most closed-end funds, the Fund’s Shares will not be listed on any securities exchange;
•
Although
the Fund intends to implement a quarterly share repurchase program, there is no guarantee that an investor will be able to sell all of
the Shares that the investor desires to sell. The Fund should therefore be considered to offer limited liquidity;
•
The
capital markets may experience periods of disruption and instability. Such market conditions may materially and adversely affect debt
and equity capital markets, which may have a negative impact on the Fund’s business and operations;
•
If
a Shareholder is able to sell its Shares, the Shareholder likely will receive less than its purchase price and the then current NAV per
Share;
•
The
Fund’s distributions may be funded from offering proceeds or borrowings, which may constitute a return of capital and reduce the
amount of capital available to the Fund for investment. Any capital returned to Shareholders through distributions will be distributed
after payment of fees and expenses;
•
A
return of capital to Shareholders is a return of a portion of their original investment in the Fund, thereby reducing the tax basis of
their investment. As a result from such reduction in tax basis, Shareholders may be subject to tax in connection with the sale of Fund Shares,
even if such Shares are sold at a loss relative to the Shareholder’s original investment;
•
The
Fund’s investments in securities and other obligations of companies that are experiencing distress involve a substantial degree
of risk, require a high level of analytical sophistication for successful investment, and require active monitoring;
•
Below
investment grade instruments (also known as “junk bonds”) have predominantly speculative characteristics and may be particularly
susceptible to economic downturns, which could cause losses;
•
Certain
investments may be exposed to the credit risk of the counterparties with whom the Fund deals;
•
The
valuation of securities or instruments that lack a central trading place (such as fixed-income securities or instruments) may carry greater
risk than those that trade on an exchange;
•
It
is expected that most of the securities and instruments held by the Fund will not trade on an exchange;
•
The
value of convertible securities may be adversely affected by changes in interest rates, as well as the market price and volatility of
the underlying security;
•
Derivative
investments have risks, including the imperfect correlation between the value of such instruments and the underlying assets of the Fund;
•
The
Fund may be materially adversely affected by market, economic and political conditions, public health emergencies (e.g.
the coronavirus outbreak, epidemics and other pandemics), wars and supply chain disruptions, globally and in the jurisdictions and sectors
in which the Fund invests;
•
Non-U.S.
securities may be traded in undeveloped, inefficient and less liquid markets and may experience greater price volatility and changes in
value;
•
Changes
in foreign currency exchange rates may adversely affect the U.S. dollar value of and returns on foreign denominated investments;
•
Credit
intermediation involving entities and activities outside the regular banking system (i.e.,
the “shadow banking system” in Europe) could result in increased regulatory and operating costs, which could adversely affect
the implementation of the Fund’s investment strategies, income and returns;
•
U.S.
and global markets recently have experienced increased volatility and inflation;
•
Legal
and regulatory changes could occur, which may materially adversely affect the Fund;
•
The
Fund is a diversified, closed-end investment company;
•
The
Fund’s ability to grow depends on its ability to raise capital;
•
The
Fund may borrow money, including through the use of Preferred Shares, which magnifies the potential for gain or loss on amounts invested,
subjects the Fund to certain covenants with which it must comply and may increase the risk of investing with the Fund;
•
The
Fund operates in a highly competitive market for investment opportunities;
•
The
Fund is exposed to risks associated with changes in interest rates;
•
The
Fund’s financial condition and results of operations could be negatively affected if a significant investment fails to perform as
expected;
•
There
are significant and potential conflicts of interest that could impact the Fund’s investment returns;
•
To
qualify and remain eligible for the special tax treatment accorded to RICs and their shareholders under the Code, the Fund must meet certain
source-of-income, asset diversification and annual distribution requirements, and failure to do so could result in the loss of RIC status.
Accordingly,
the Fund should be considered a speculative investment that entails substantial risks, and a prospective investor should invest in the
Fund only if they can sustain a complete loss of their investment.
SUMMARY
OF FEES AND EXPENSES
The
following table illustrates the aggregate fees and expenses that the Fund expects to incur and that Shareholders can expect to bear directly
or indirectly.
SHAREHOLDER
TRANSACTION EXPENSES |
|
|
U
Share |
|
Maximum
sales load imposed on purchases(1)
|
|
|
|
|
None |
|
|
Maximum
contingent deferred sales charge |
|
|
|
|
None |
|
|
ANNUAL
FUND EXPENSES(2) (as
a percentage of projected average net assets attributable to Shares) |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Management
fee(3) |
|
|
|
|
1.79 |
|
|
Incentive
fee(4) |
|
|
|
|
1.03 |
|
|
Interest
payments on borrowed funds(5)
|
|
|
|
|
1.84 |
|
|
Other
expenses(6) |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Shareholder
servicing fee |
|
|
|
|
None |
|
|
Distribution
fee(7) |
|
|
|
|
0.75 |
|
|
Remaining
other expenses |
|
|
|
|
0.54 |
|
|
Total
annual fund expenses |
|
|
|
|
5.95 |
|
|
(1)
While
Class U Shares do not impose a front-end sales charge, if you purchase Class U Shares through certain financial firms, they
may directly charge you transaction or other fees in such amount as they may determine. Please consult your financial firm for additional
information. See “Plan of Distribution.”
(2)
This
table assumes that the Fund borrows money for investment purposes at an average amount of 42.60% of its net assets (the actual average
amount of its borrowings, including outstanding Preferred Shares, during the twelve-month period ended March 31, 2023).
(3)
The
Management Fee paid by the Fund is calculated at the annual rate of 1.25% of the average daily value of the Fund’s Managed Assets
which includes assets purchased with borrowed money. The table above assumes that the Fund borrows money for investment purposes at an
average amount of 42.60% of its net assets (the actual average amount of its borrowings, including outstanding Preferred Shares, during
the twelve-month period ended March 31, 2023). The Management Fee estimate in the table is greater than 1.25% since it is computed
as a percentage of the Fund’s net assets for presentation therein. In addition, if the Fund’s leverage exceeds this 42.60%
borrowings-to-net assets ratio through additional borrowings (including the issuance of additional Preferred Shares), then the Management
Fee in relation to its net assets would be higher than the estimate presented in the table.
(4)
The
Fund anticipates that it may have interest income that could result in the payment of an Incentive Fee to the Advisor during certain periods.
However, the Incentive Fee is based on the Fund’s performance and will not be paid unless the Fund achieves certain performance
targets. The Fund expects the Incentive Fee the Fund pays to increase to the extent the Fund earns greater interest income through its
investments. The Incentive Fee is calculated and payable quarterly in arrears based upon “pre-incentive fee net investment income”
attributable to each class of the Fund’s Shares for the immediately preceding fiscal quarter, and is subject to a hurdle rate, expressed
as a rate of return on each class’s average daily net asset value (calculated in accordance with GAAP), equal to 1.50% per quarter,
or an annualized hurdle rate of 6.00%, subject to a “catch-up” feature. The amount presented in this table reflects the Incentive
Fee incurred as a percent of average net assets for the twelve-month period ended March 31, 2023. See “Management and
Incentive Fees” for a full explanation of how the Incentive Fee is calculated.
(5)
The
amount shown in the table above is based on the assumption that the Fund borrows money for investment purposes at an average amount of
42.60% of its net assets (the actual average amount of its borrowings, including outstanding Preferred Shares, during the twelve-month
period ended March 31,
2023),
at an estimated annual interest rate cost to the Fund of 4.34%, which is the weighted average interest rate cost during the twelve-month
period ended March 31, 2023, including dividends payable on the Fund’s MRP Shares, which, in the aggregate, have an average
interest rate of 2.98% per annum as of March 31, 2023. The actual amount of interest expense borne by the Fund will vary over time
in accordance with the level of the Fund’s use of borrowings and/or Preferred Shares and variations in market interest rates. See
“Investment Objective, Opportunities and Strategies — Leverage.”
(6)
Other
expenses include accounting, legal and auditing fees of the Fund, and offering costs, as well as the reimbursement of the compensation
of administrative personnel and fees payable to the Independent Trustees. The amount presented in the table is estimated for the twelve-month
period beginning April 1, 2023 based on amounts incurred in the twelve-month period ended March 31, 2023.
(7)
Class U
Shares will pay to the Distributor a Distribution Fee that will accrue at an annual rate equal to 0.75% of the average daily net assets
attributable to Class U Shares and is payable on a quarterly basis. See “Plan of Distribution.”
Example:
The
following example demonstrates the projected dollar amount of total expenses that would be incurred over various periods with respect
to a hypothetical investment in Shares. In calculating the following expense amounts, the Fund has assumed its direct and indirect annual
operating expenses would remain at the percentage levels set forth in the table above and do not include any expense support from
the Advisor.
An
investor would pay the following expenses on a $1,000 investment, assuming a 5.0% annual return:
Share
Class |
|
|
1
Year |
|
|
3
Years |
|
|
5
Years |
|
|
10
Years |
|
Class U
|
|
|
|
$ |
59 |
|
|
|
|
$ |
176 |
|
|
|
|
$ |
291 |
|
|
|
|
$ |
567 |
|
|
The
example and the expenses in the tables above should not be considered a representation of the Fund’s future expenses, and actual
expenses may be greater or less than those shown. While the example assumes a 5.0% annual return,
as required by the SEC, the Fund’s performance will vary and may result in a return greater or less than 5.0%. In addition to the
fees and expenses described above, you may also be required to pay transaction or other fees on the purchase of Class U Shares, which
are not reflected in the example. For a more complete description of the various fees and expenses borne directly and indirectly by the
Fund, see “Fund Expenses” and “Management and Incentive Fees.”
FINANCIAL
HIGHLIGHTS
The
financial highlights table is intended to help you understand the Fund’s financial performance. The information for the periods
below has been derived from the Fund’s financial statements, which have been audited by Ernst & Young LLP, an independent registered
public accounting firm, whose report, along with this information and additional Fund performance and portfolio information, appears in
the Fund’s Annual Report dated December 31, 2022. To request the Fund’s Annual Report, please call 888-729-4266. The
table below sets forth financial data for one Class U Share throughout the periods presented.
CION
Ares Diversified Credit Fund
Financial Highlights
(in thousands, except per share
data, percentages and as otherwise noted)
|
|
|
For the Year
Ended December 31, 2022 |
|
|
For the Year
Ended December 31, 2021 |
|
|
For the Year
Ended December 31, 2020 |
|
|
For the Period
Ended December 31, 2019* |
|
|
For the Period
from July 26, 2019 (commencement of operations) to October 31, 2019 |
|
Class U |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Per
share data: |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Net asset value,
beginning of period |
|
|
|
$ |
25.87 |
|
|
|
|
$ |
25.18 |
|
|
|
|
$ |
25.92 |
|
|
|
|
$ |
25.44 |
|
|
|
|
$ |
25.86 |
|
|
Income
from investment operations: |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Net investment
income(a) |
|
|
|
|
1.59 |
|
|
|
|
|
1.52 |
|
|
|
|
|
1.42 |
|
|
|
|
|
0.20 |
|
|
|
|
|
0.40 |
|
|
Net
realized and unrealized gains (losses) |
|
|
|
|
(2.11) |
|
|
|
|
|
0.56 |
|
|
|
|
|
(0.76) |
|
|
|
|
|
0.51 |
|
|
|
|
|
(0.45) |
|
|
Total
income (loss) from investment operations |
|
|
|
|
(0.52) |
|
|
|
|
|
2.08 |
|
|
|
|
|
0.66 |
|
|
|
|
|
0.71 |
|
|
|
|
|
(0.05) |
|
|
Less distributions
declared to shareholders: |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
From net investment
income |
|
|
|
|
(1.40) |
|
|
|
|
|
(1.39) |
|
|
|
|
|
(1.40) |
|
|
|
|
|
(0.23) |
|
|
|
|
|
(1.37) |
|
|
Total distributions
|
|
|
|
|
(1.40) |
|
|
|
|
|
(1.39) |
|
|
|
|
|
(1.40) |
|
|
|
|
|
(0.23) |
|
|
|
|
|
(1.37) |
|
|
Net asset value,
end of period |
|
|
|
$ |
23.95 |
|
|
|
|
$ |
25.87 |
|
|
|
|
$ |
25.18 |
|
|
|
|
$ |
25.92 |
|
|
|
|
$ |
25.44 |
|
|
Total
return, excluding expense support(b)(c)
|
|
|
|
|
(2.07)% |
|
|
|
|
|
8.48% |
|
|
|
|
|
3.01% |
|
|
|
|
|
2.74% |
|
|
|
|
|
1.60% |
|
|
Total
return, including expense support(c)(d)
|
|
|
|
|
(2.07)% |
|
|
|
|
|
8.48% |
|
|
|
|
|
2.99% |
|
|
|
|
|
2.82% |
|
|
|
|
|
(0.14)% |
|
|
Ratios
to average net assets/ supplemental data: |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Net assets, end
of period |
|
|
|
$ |
388,866 |
|
|
|
|
$ |
345,691 |
|
|
|
|
$ |
199,175 |
|
|
|
|
$ |
42,902 |
|
|
|
|
$ |
10,434 |
|
|
Including
interest expense: |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Expenses,
excluding expense support(e)(f)(h)
|
|
|
|
|
5.33%(i) |
|
|
|
|
|
3.64%(i) |
|
|
|
|
|
4.00% |
|
|
|
|
|
4.31% |
|
|
|
|
|
4.85% |
|
|
Expenses,
including expense support(e)(f)(g)(h)
|
|
|
|
|
5.33%(i) |
|
|
|
|
|
3.64%(i) |
|
|
|
|
|
4.02% |
|
|
|
|
|
3.83% |
|
|
|
|
|
6.59% |
|
|
Excluding
interest expense: |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Expenses,
excluding expense support(f)(h)
|
|
|
|
|
3.80% |
|
|
|
|
|
2.97% |
|
|
|
|
|
3.51% |
|
|
|
|
|
3.66% |
|
|
|
|
|
3.88% |
|
|
Expenses,
including expense support(f)(g)(h)
|
|
|
|
|
3.80% |
|
|
|
|
|
2.97% |
|
|
|
|
|
3.54% |
|
|
|
|
|
4.48% |
|
|
|
|
|
5.62% |
|
|
Net investment
income(e)(f) |
|
|
|
|
6.39% |
|
|
|
|
|
5.96% |
|
|
|
|
|
5.98% |
|
|
|
|
|
5.39% |
|
|
|
|
|
12.08% |
|
|
Portfolio turnover
rate |
|
|
|
|
38.16% |
|
|
|
|
|
43.72% |
|
|
|
|
|
59.77% |
|
|
|
|
|
5.42%(c) |
|
|
|
|
|
63.58%(c) |
|
|
*
For
the two month period ended December 31, 2019.
(a)
Per
share net investment income has been calculated using the average shares outstanding during the period.
(b)
Based
on net asset value per share. Distributions, if any, are assumed for purposes of this calculation to be reinvested at prices obtained
under the Fund’s Dividend Reinvestment Plan. Total Return is not annualized for periods less than one year. Total return excludes
expense support provided or recouped by the Advisor.
(c)
Not
annualized.
(d)
Based
on net asset value per share. Distributions, if any, are assumed for purposes of this calculation to be reinvested at prices obtained
under the Fund’s Dividend Reinvestment Plan. Total Return is not annualized for periods less than one year. Total return includes
expense support provided or (recouped) by the Advisor.
(e)
Includes
organizational and offering costs.
(f)
Annualized,
except for certain non-recurring costs.
(g)
Includes
expense support provided or recouped by the Advisor.
(h)
For
the year ended December 31, 2022, the ratio of operating expenses to average net assets consisted of 1.78% of base management fees,
0.67% of incentive fee, 1.53% of the cost of borrowing and 1.35% of other operating expenses. For the year ended December 31, 2021,
the ratio of operating expenses to average net assets consisted of 1.59% of base management fees, 0.67% of the cost of borrowing and 1.38%
of other operating expenses. For the year ended December 31, 2020, the ratio of operating expenses to average net assets consisted
of 1.60% of base management fees, 0.48% of the cost of borrowing, 0.02% of net expense support and 1.92% of other operating expenses.
For the period ended December 31, 2019, the ratio of operating expenses to average net assets consisted of 1.56% of base management
fees, 0.65% of the cost of borrowing, (0.47)% of net expense support and 2.10% of other operating expenses. For the period ended October 31,
2019, the ratio of operating expenses to average net assets consisted of 1.61% of base management fees, 0.89% of the cost of borrowing,
1.74% of net expense support and 2.35% of other operating expenses.
(i)
Includes
stated dividends and amortization of deferred issuance costs on the MRP Shares.
SENIOR
SECURITIES
Information
about the Fund’s senior securities as of December 31, 2022, December 31, 2021, December 31, 2020, December 31,
2019 and October 31, 2019 is shown in the following table. There were no senior securities outstanding as of October 31, 2018
or October 31, 2017. The information contained in the following table
is derived from the Fund’s Annual Report dated December 31, 2022.
Class and Period
Ended |
|
|
Total Amount Outstanding Exclusive
of Treasury Securities(1) (in
thousands) |
|
|
Asset Coverage Per
Unit(2) ($)
|
|
|
Involuntary Liquidating Preference per
Unit(3)
|
|
|
Average Market Value per
Unit(4)
|
|
Revolving
Credit Facility (Wells Fargo Bank, N.A.) |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
December 31,
2022 |
|
|
|
$ |
348,844 |
|
|
|
|
|
5,299 |
|
|
|
|
|
— |
|
|
|
|
|
N/A |
|
|
December 31,
2021 |
|
|
|
$ |
225,664 |
|
|
|
|
|
6,461 |
|
|
|
|
|
— |
|
|
|
|
|
N/A |
|
|
December 31,
2020 |
|
|
|
$ |
77,025 |
|
|
|
|
|
6,233 |
|
|
|
|
|
— |
|
|
|
|
|
N/A |
|
|
December 31,
2019 |
|
|
|
$ |
19,054 |
|
|
|
|
|
5,383 |
|
|
|
|
|
— |
|
|
|
|
|
N/A |
|
|
October 31,
2019 |
|
|
|
$ |
19,397 |
|
|
|
|
|
3,847 |
|
|
|
|
|
— |
|
|
|
|
|
N/A |
|
|
Revolving
Credit Facility (State Street Bank and Trust Company) |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
December 31,
2022 |
|
|
|
$ |
317,201 |
|
|
|
|
|
5,299 |
|
|
|
|
|
— |
|
|
|
|
|
N/A |
|
|
December 31,
2021 |
|
|
|
$ |
176,803 |
|
|
|
|
|
6,461 |
|
|
|
|
|
— |
|
|
|
|
|
N/A |
|
|
December 31,
2020 |
|
|
|
$ |
111,283 |
|
|
|
|
|
6,233 |
|
|
|
|
|
— |
|
|
|
|
|
N/A |
|
|
December 31,
2019 |
|
|
|
$ |
110,387 |
|
|
|
|
|
5,383 |
|
|
|
|
|
— |
|
|
|
|
|
N/A |
|
|
October 31,
2019 |
|
|
|
$ |
144,357 |
|
|
|
|
|
3,847 |
|
|
|
|
|
— |
|
|
|
|
|
N/A |
|
|
Mandatory
Redeemable Preferred Shares* |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
December 31,
2022 |
|
|
|
$ |
420,000 |
|
|
|
|
|
81.52 |
|
|
|
|
$ |
25.00 |
|
|
|
|
|
N/A |
|
|
December 31,
2021 |
|
|
|
$ |
300,000 |
|
|
|
|
|
93.11 |
|
|
|
|
$ |
25.00 |
|
|
|
|
|
N/A |
|
|
*
There
were no mandatory redeemable preferred shares outstanding as of December 31, 2020, December 31, 2019 and October 31, 2019.
(1)
Total
amount of each class of senior securities outstanding at principal value at the end of the period presented.
(2)
The
asset coverage ratio for a class of senior securities representing indebtedness is calculated as our consolidated total assets, less all
liabilities and indebtedness not represented by senior securities, divided by total senior securities representing indebtedness as calculated
separately for each of the Preferred Shares and the credit facilities in accordance with Section 18(h) of the 1940 Act. With respect
to the Preferred Shares, the asset coverage per unit figure is expressed in terms of dollar amounts per share of outstanding Preferred
Shares (based on a per share liquidation preference of $25). With respect to the credit facilities, the asset coverage ratio is multiplied
by $1,000 to determine the “Asset Coverage Per Unit”.
(3)
The
amount to which such class of senior security would be entitled upon our involuntary liquidation in preference to any security junior
to it. The “— ” in this column indicates that the SEC expressly does not require this information to be disclosed for
certain types of senior securities.
(4)
Not
applicable to senior securities outstanding as of period end.
THE
FUND
The
Fund is a diversified, closed-end management investment company that is registered under the 1940 Act. The Fund is structured as an “interval
fund” and continuously offers its Shares. The Fund was organized as a Delaware statutory trust on June 21, 2016. The principal
office of the Fund is located at 100 Park Avenue, 25th Floor, New York, NY 10017 and its telephone number is 212-418-4700.
The
Fund’s investment objective is to provide superior risk-adjusted returns across various market cycles by investing in a diversified
portfolio of liquid and illiquid asset classes. The Fund seeks to capitalize on market inefficiencies and relative value opportunities
throughout the entire global credit spectrum.
The
Fund invests primarily in a portfolio of directly originated loans, secured floating and fixed rate syndicated loans, corporate bonds,
asset-backed securities, commercial real estate loans and other types of credit instruments, which, under normal circumstances, will represent
at least 80% of the Fund’s Managed Assets. In addition, the Fund invests primarily in those countries where creditors’ rights
are protected by law, such as countries in North America and Western Europe, although in select situations the Fund may invest in securities
of issuers domiciled elsewhere. The geographic areas of focus are subject to change from time to time and may be changed without notice
to Shareholders. There is no minimum or maximum limit on the amount of the Fund’s assets that may be invested in non-U.S. securities.
The
Fund seeks to achieve its investment objective by employing an opportunistic, dynamic and untethered global credit investments strategy
based on absolute and relative value considerations and its analysis of credit markets. It seeks risk-adjusted returns over full market
cycles by creating and managing a portfolio with balanced exposures to multiple industry sectors and geographic regions, systematically
allocating capital across multiple segments of the global fixed-income markets, including U.S. and non-U.S. credit instruments. For a
further discussion of the Fund’s principal investment strategies, see “Investment Objective, Opportunities and Strategies.”
There can be no assurance that the Fund will achieve its investment objective.
The
Fund’s investment advisor is CAM. Ares Capital is the Fund’s investment sub-advisor. CAM oversees the management of the Fund’s
activities and is responsible for making investment decisions for the Fund’s portfolio with recommendations and support from Ares
Capital. See “The Advisor and Sub-Advisor.” Responsibility for monitoring and overseeing the Fund’s investment program,
management and operation is vested in the individuals who serve on the Board.
THE
ADVISOR AND SUB-ADVISOR
CAM,
an investment advisor registered with the SEC under the Advisers Act, serves as the Advisor. CAM is a joint venture between affiliates
of Ares and CION and is controlled by Ares.
CION
is a leading manager of alternative investment solutions that focuses on alternative credit strategies for individual investors. CION
manages CION Investment Corporation (“CIC”), a leading publicly traded business development company with approximately $1.9 billion
in total assets as of December 31, 2022, and sponsors, through CAM, the Fund. Its affiliated broker-dealer, CION Securities, provides
distribution services and has entered into a wholesale marketing agreement with the Distributor and a dealer manager agreement with the
Fund. The dealer manager arrangement is applicable only to certain share classes of the Fund.
Ares
Capital, an investment advisor registered with the SEC under the Advisers Act, serves as the Sub-Advisor. Ares is a publicly traded, leading
global alternative investment manager with over 2,550 employees. Ares had approximately $352.0 billion in assets under management
(“AUM”) as of December 31, 2022, of which approximately $214.2 billion was related to its credit business, across
a diverse platform that it manages on behalf of organizations including but not limited to pension and endowment funds, sovereign wealth
funds, financial institutions, insurance companies and individual investors.*
*
As
of December 31, 2022, AUM amounts include funds managed by Ivy Hill Asset Management, L.P., a wholly owned portfolio company of Ares
Capital Corporation (“ARCC”) and a registered investment advisor.
USE
OF PROCEEDS
The
proceeds from the sale of Shares are invested by the Fund to pursue its investment program and strategies. The Fund expects to invest
the proceeds obtained by it promptly after receipt of such proceeds.
INVESTMENT
OBJECTIVE, OPPORTUNITIES AND STRATEGIES
Investment
Objective
The
Fund’s investment objective is to provide superior risk-adjusted returns across various market cycles by investing in a diversified
portfolio of liquid and illiquid asset classes. The Fund seeks to capitalize on market inefficiencies and relative value opportunities
throughout the entire global credit spectrum. There can be no assurance that the Fund will achieve its investment objective.
Investment
Opportunities and Strategies
The
Fund invests primarily in a portfolio of directly originated loans, secured floating and fixed rate syndicated loans, corporate bonds,
asset-backed securities, commercial real estate loans and other types of credit instruments, which, under normal circumstances, will represent
at least 80% of the Fund’s Managed Assets. For purposes of this policy, “credit instruments” may include commercial
real estate mezzanine loans, real estate mortgages, distressed securities, notes, bills, debentures, bank loans, convertible and preferred
securities, government and municipal obligations. The Fund may also invest in foreign instruments and illiquid and restricted securities.
Opportunistic,
Flexible, Untethered Credit Investments Strategy. The Advisors intend to employ
an opportunistic, flexible and untethered global credit investments strategy based on absolute and relative value considerations and their
analysis of the credit markets. The Advisors seek risk-adjusted returns over full market cycles by creating and managing a portfolio with
balanced exposures to multiple industry sectors and geographic regions. The Advisors will make tactical allocations of assets across multiple
segments of the global fixed-income markets, including U.S. and non-U.S. credit instruments. It is anticipated that most of the Fund’s
investments will be rated below investment grade or would be rated below investment grade if they were rated. Non-investment grade fixed
income securities, also known as “junk bonds”, are considered speculative. Some of the credit instruments will have no credit
rating at all. The Fund is untethered to benchmark-specific guidelines, thereby providing the Advisors with significant latitude to invest
where they see opportunities and to reduce exposure to areas where they see less value or heightened downside risks.
Relative
Value Focus. A primary driver of the Fund’s investment strategy will
be a relative value focus whereby the Advisors seek to identify market dislocations caused by, among other factors, (i) significant
corporate transactional events, such as spinoffs, mergers and acquisitions, industry consolidations, liquidations, reorganizations, bankruptcies,
recapitalizations and share buybacks and other extraordinary corporate transactions; (ii) market inefficiencies resulting from the
misunderstanding by the broader investment community of a particular company or industry, which misunderstanding results in the income
of such investment reflecting a higher risk premium or the market price of such investment reflecting a lower value than is deemed warranted
by the Advisors and; (iii) companies experiencing financial stress resulting in a mispricing of their securities either because such
securities pay higher income due to perceived risk or trade at a significant discount to fair value whereby the underlying asset values
limit downside risk and offer meaningful upside potential; and (iv) sell-offs in one or more of the relevant credit markets.
Access
to Ares Transaction Flow. The Advisors intend to benefit from the market presence,
scale, infrastructure and demonstrated investment experience of Ares to gain access to transaction flow and a broad set of investment
opportunities across the non-investment grade credit spectrum. Unlike many other alternative investment managers, Ares operates in a fully
integrated manner and encourages frequent collaboration among its investment professionals. This unique approach allows Ares to draw from
the collective market insight, industry expertise, contacts and experience of its over 880 investment professionals around the world.
The
Fund intends to focus on what the Advisors believe are the broader Ares platform’s most attractive investment ideas and allocate
investments sourced from Ares’s multi-billion dollar credit platform to achieve its investment objective. As such, the Advisors
have the flexibility to invest where they see opportunities, based on their extensive credit research expertise and analysis of the relevant
credit markets, in a variety of credit instruments with varying yield and risk profiles. Many investment vehicles available for retail
investors do not include certain asset classes that the Fund will invest in such as private asset-backed investments and directly originated
loans, and therefore the Fund offers a differentiated investment opportunity to the retail investor base.
Active
Monitoring and Investing, with Bottom-Up and Top-Down Credit Analysis by Deep and Experienced Team. The
Advisors will actively construct and manage a portfolio of credit investments and, as necessary, periodically rebalance the Fund’s
allocation of assets among different types of credit investments utilizing the Advisors’ strategies to seek to optimize the Fund’s
allocation to achieve the Fund’s investment objective under the market conditions existing at such time.
With
respect to each investment opportunity, the Advisors intend to take a bottom-up and top-down approach to their credit analysis that will
focus on each individual investment as well as global macroeconomic factors and the industry in which the subject entity operates. The
Advisors’ investment process will be rigorous, proactive and continuous, and will emphasize team management. Close monitoring of
each investment in the portfolio provides the basis for making buy, sell and hold decisions. In managing the Fund’s portfolio, the
Advisors will utilize their and the broader Ares platform’s deep and experienced teams of credit specialists to analyze investments
and engage in regular and periodic monitoring of credit risk with a goal toward the early identification, and sale, of credit instruments
and other investments with potential credit problems. This monitoring process may include reviewing (i) an issuer’s financial
resources and operating history; (ii) a comparison of an issuer’s current operating results with the Advisors’ initial
investment thesis for the investment and initial expectations for the performance of the obligation; (iii) an issuer’s sensitivity
to economic conditions; (iv) the performance of an issuer’s management; (v) an issuer’s debt maturities and borrowing
requirements; (vi) an issuer’s interest and asset coverage; and (vii) the relative value of an investment based on an
issuer’s anticipated cash flow or where other comparable assets are trading in the market.
Portfolio
Composition
The
Fund’s portfolio will consist of some combination of the following types of investments:
Direct
Lending. The Fund may invest in first lien senior secured loans (including
“unitranche” loans, which are loans that combine both senior and mezzanine debt, generally in a first lien position), second
lien senior secured loans and mezzanine debt, which in some cases includes an equity component, of U.S. and European middle-market companies,
where the Advisors believe the supply of primary capital is limited and the investment opportunities are most attractive. These investments
are typically made to companies with annual EBITDA between $10 million and $250 million. As used herein, EBITDA represents net
income before net interest expense, income tax expense, depreciation and amortization.
Syndicated
Corporate Loans. Syndicated Loans generally hold the most senior position in
the capital structure of a Borrower, are typically secured with specific collateral and have a claim on the assets and/or stock of the
Borrower that is senior to that held by unsecured creditors, subordinated debt holders and holders of equity of the Borrower. Typically,
in order to borrow money pursuant to a Syndicated Loan, a Borrower will, for the term of the Syndicated Loan, pledge collateral (subject
to typical exceptions), including but not limited to (i) working capital assets, such as accounts receivable and inventory; (ii) tangible
fixed assets, such as real property, buildings and equipment; (iii) intangible assets, such as trademarks and patent rights; and
(iv) security interests in shares of stock of subsidiaries or affiliates. In the case of Syndicated Loans made to non-public companies,
the company’s shareholders or owners may provide collateral in the form of secured guarantees and/or security interests in assets
that they own. In many instances, a Syndicated Loan may be secured only by stock in the Borrower or its subsidiaries. Collateral may consist
of assets that may not be readily liquidated, and there is no assurance that the liquidation of such assets would satisfy fully a Borrower’s
obligations under a Syndicated Loan.
A
Borrower must comply with various covenants contained in a loan agreement or note purchase agreement between the Borrower and the holders
of the Syndicated Loan (the “Loan Agreement”). In a typical Syndicated Loan, an administrative agent (the “Agent”)
administers the terms of the Loan Agreement. In such cases, the Agent is normally responsible for the collection of principal and interest
payments from the Borrower and the apportionment of these payments to the credit of all institutions that are parties to the Loan Agreement.
The Fund will generally rely upon the Agent or an intermediate participant to receive and forward to the Fund its portion of the principal
and interest payments on the Syndicated Loan. Additionally, the Fund normally will rely on the Agent and the other loan investors to use
appropriate credit remedies against the Borrower. The Agent is typically responsible for monitoring compliance with covenants contained
in the Loan Agreement based upon reports prepared by the
Borrower.
The Agent may monitor the value of the collateral and, if the value of the collateral declines, may accelerate the Syndicated Loan, may
give the Borrower an opportunity to provide additional collateral or may seek other protection for the benefit of the participants in
the Syndicated Loan. The Agent is compensated by the Borrower for providing these services under a Loan Agreement, and such compensation
may include special fees paid upon structuring and funding the Syndicated Loan and other fees paid on a continuing basis.
Syndicated
Loans typically have rates of interest that are determined daily, monthly, quarterly or semi-annually by reference to a base lending rate,
plus a premium or credit spread. As a result, as short-term interest rates increase, interest payable to the Fund from its investments
in Syndicated Loans should increase, and as short-term interest rates decrease, interest payable to the Fund from its investments in Syndicated
Loans should decrease. These base lending rates are primarily LIBOR, SOFR, or another reference rate, and secondarily the prime rate offered
by one or more major U.S. banks and the certificate of deposit rate or other base lending rates used by commercial lenders.
Although
not initially a principal investment strategy, the Fund may purchase and retain in its portfolio Syndicated Loans where the Borrower has
experienced, or may be perceived to be likely to experience, credit problems, including involvement in or recent emergence from bankruptcy
court proceedings or other forms of debt restructuring. Such distressed investments may provide opportunities for enhanced income as well
as capital appreciation, although they also will be subject to greater risk of loss. At times, in connection with the restructuring of
a Syndicated Loan either outside of bankruptcy court or in the context of bankruptcy court proceedings, the Fund may determine or be required
to accept equity securities or junior credit securities in exchange for all or a portion of a Syndicated Loan.
In
the process of buying, selling and holding Syndicated Loans, the Fund may receive and/or pay certain fees. These fees are in addition
to interest payments received and may include facility fees, commitment fees, amendment fees, commissions and prepayment penalty fees.
On an ongoing basis, the Fund may receive a commitment fee based on the undrawn portion of the underlying line of credit portion of a
Syndicated Loan. In certain circumstances, the Fund may receive a prepayment penalty fee upon the prepayment of a Syndicated Loan by a
Borrower. Other fees received by the Fund may include covenant waiver fees, covenant modification fees or other amendment fees.
Corporate
Bonds. An issuer of Corporate Bonds typically pays the investor a fixed rate
of interest and must repay the amount borrowed on or before maturity. The investment return of Corporate Bonds reflects interest on the
security and changes in the market value of the security. The market value of a Corporate Bond generally may be expected to rise and fall
inversely with interest rates. The value of intermediate- and longer-term Corporate Bonds normally fluctuates more in response to changes
in interest rates than does the value of shorter-term Corporate Bonds. The market value of a Corporate Bond also may be affected by investors’
perceptions of the creditworthiness of the issuer, the issuer’s performance and perceptions of the issuer in the market place. There
is a risk that the issuers of Corporate Bonds may not be able to meet their obligations on interest or principal payments at the time
called for by an instrument. The Fund may utilize various types of Derivatives, including swaps, for the purpose of gaining exposure to
Corporate Bonds.
Structured
Credit. The Fund may invest in asset-backed opportunities across broad sectors
such as consumer and commercial specialty finance and corporate credit. The Fund will target investment opportunities that are directly
originated and privately negotiated that may include (i) financings secured by pools of consumer loans, commercial loans or real
estate assets; (ii) the outright purchase of pools of consumer loans, commercial loans or real estate assets; and (iii) debt
and equity investments in U.S.-dollar-denominated CLOs that are primarily backed by corporate leveraged loans issued to primarily U.S.
CLOs, as well as Euro-denominated CLOs that are backed primarily by corporate leveraged loans issued to primarily European CLOs. The investments
in the “equity” of structured credit products (including CLOs) refers to the Residual Tranche.
The
CLO equity tranches (or other similar junior tranches) and privately issued asset-backed securities in which the Fund invests may be highly
leveraged, which magnifies the Fund’s risk of loss on such investments.
Stressed
Investments. The Fund may invest in preferred or common shares, or other instruments,
of companies undergoing, or that have recently completed, bankruptcies, reorganizations, insolvencies, liquidations or other fundamental
changes or similar proceedings or other Stressed Issuers. In any investment opportunity involving any such type, there exists the risk
that the contemplated transaction either will be unsuccessful, will take considerable time or will result in a distribution of cash or
new securities, the value of which will be less than the purchase price to the Fund of the securities or other financial instruments in
respect of which such distribution is received. Similarly, if an anticipated transaction does not in fact occur, the Fund may be required
to sell its investment at a loss. The consummation of such transactions can be prevented or delayed by a variety of factors, including
but not limited to (i) intervention of a regulatory agency; (ii) market conditions resulting in material changes in securities
prices; (iii) compliance with any applicable bankruptcy, insolvency or securities laws; and (iv) the inability to obtain adequate
financing. Because there is substantial uncertainty concerning the outcome of transactions involving financially troubled companies in
which the Fund intends to invest, there is a potential risk of loss by the Fund of its entire investment in such companies.
Commercial
Real Estate Loans.
Senior
Mortgage Loans: These mortgage loans are typically secured by first liens on commercial properties, including the following
property types: office, multifamily, retail, industrial, hospitality and mixed-use. In some cases, first lien mortgages may be divided
into an A-Note and a B-Note. The A-Note is typically a privately negotiated loan that is secured by a first mortgage on a commercial property
or group of related properties that is senior to a B-Note secured by the same first mortgage property or group.
Subordinated
Debt: These loans may include structurally subordinated first mortgage loans and junior participations in first mortgage
loans or participations in these types of assets. As noted above, a B-Note is typically a privately negotiated loan that is secured by
a first mortgage on a commercial property or group of related properties and is subordinated to an A-Note secured by the same first mortgage
property or group. The subordination of a B-Note or junior participation typically is evidenced by participations or intercreditor agreements
with other holders of interests in the note. B-Notes are subject to more credit risk with respect to the underlying mortgage collateral
than the corresponding A-Note.
Preferred
Equity: Real estate preferred equity investments are subordinate to first mortgage loans and are not collateralized by
the property underlying the investment. As a holder of preferred equity, the Fund seeks to enhance its position with covenants that limit
the activities of the entity in which the Fund has an interest and protect the Fund’s equity by obtaining an exclusive right to
control the underlying property after an event of default, should such a default occur on the Fund’s investment.
Mezzanine
Loans: Like B-Notes, these loans are also subordinated, but are usually secured by a pledge of the borrower’s equity
ownership in the entity that owns the property or by a second lien mortgage on the property. In a liquidation, these loans are generally
junior to any mortgage liens on the underlying property, but senior to any preferred equity or common equity interests in the entity that
owns the property. Investor rights are usually governed by intercreditor agreements.
Other
Investment Strategies. The Fund may also invest in distressed securities, notes,
bills, debentures, bank loans, convertible and preferred securities, government and municipal obligations and other credit instruments
with similar economic characteristics. In addition, from time to time, the Fund may invest in or hold common shares and other equity securities
incidental to the purchase or ownership of a Syndicated Loan or Corporate Bond or in connection with a reorganization of a borrower. The
Fund may engage in short sales. The Fund may also use Derivatives to gain investment exposure to credit instruments, to provide downside
protection and to dampen volatility. Derivatives may allow the Fund to increase or decrease the level of risk to which the Fund is exposed
more quickly and efficiently than transactions in other types of instruments. The Fund may invest in securities of other investment companies,
including ETFs, to the extent that these investments are consistent with the Fund’s investment objective, strategies and policies
and permissible under the 1940 Act or any applicable exemption therefrom. The Fund may invest in other investment companies to gain broad
market or sector exposure, including during periods when it has large amounts of uninvested cash or when the Advisors believe share prices
of other investment companies offer attractive values.
Other
Characteristics
Below
Investment Grade Credit Instruments. Most of the credit instruments in which
the Fund may invest will be rated below investment grade (also known as “junk bonds”). Securities rated below investment grade
are those that, at the time of investment, are rated Ba1 or lower by Moody’s, or BB+ or lower by S&P or Fitch, or if unrated
are determined by the Advisors to be of comparable quality. Below investment grade securities often are regarded as having predominately
speculative characteristics with respect to an issuer’s capacity to pay interest and repay principal. In addition, lower quality
debt securities tend to be more sensitive to general economic conditions. Although many of the Fund’s investments may consist of
securities rated below investment grade, the Fund reserves the right to invest in credit instruments of any credit quality, maturity and
duration.
Foreign
Instruments. The Fund may make investments in non-U.S. entities, including
issuers in emerging markets. Emerging market countries are countries that major international financial institutions, such as the World
Bank, generally consider to be less economically mature than developed nations, such as the United States or most nations in Western Europe.
Emerging market countries can include every nation in the world except the United States, Canada, Japan, Australia, New Zealand, most
countries located in Western Europe and certain other countries. The Fund expects that its investment in non-U.S. issuers will be made
primarily in U.S. dollar denominated securities, but it reserves the right to purchase securities that are foreign currency denominated.
Some non-U.S. securities may be less liquid and more volatile than securities of comparable U.S. issuers.
Illiquid
and Restricted Securities. The Fund may invest in instruments that, at the
time of investment, are illiquid (generally, those securities that cannot be disposed of within seven days in the ordinary course of business
at approximately the value at which the Fund has valued the securities). Although the Fund may invest in such instruments without limitation,
pursuant to the requirements of the 1940 Act, the Board has adopted, and the Fund follows, procedures designed to ensure that the Fund
maintains sufficient liquidity to meet its periodic repurchase obligations as an interval fund. The Fund may also invest, without limit,
in securities that are unregistered (but are eligible for purchase and sale by certain qualified institutional buyers) or are held by
control persons of the issuer and securities that are subject to contractual restrictions on their resale.
The
Fund may invest its cash balances in money market instruments, U.S. government securities, commercial paper, certificates of deposit,
repurchase agreements and other high-quality debt instruments maturing in one year or less, among other instruments. In addition, and
in response to adverse market, economic or political conditions, the Fund may invest in high-quality fixed income securities, money market
instruments and money market funds or may hold significant positions in cash or cash equivalents for defensive purposes.
The
Investment Process
The
Fund’s portfolio is managed by CAM employees Mitch Goldstein and Greg Margolies, who are also employees of an affiliate of Ares,
where Mitch Goldstein is Co-Head of the Ares Credit Group and Greg Margolies is a Partner. In managing the portfolio, they employ two
principal inputs, a quantitative allocation model and the Sub-Advisor’s Allocation Committee comprised of portfolio managers and
investment officers from each underlying credit discipline.
The
Ares model utilizes a scoring system intended to quantify the following with a common scale:
•
four
risk factors for each asset class including:
◦
volatility: variability
of price for a given security;
◦
liquidity: extent
to which an asset or security can be purchased or sold within the context of its current quoted price;
◦
loss
probability: probability of realizing a loss from default; and
◦
control
premium: premium to value associated with having a controlling position in structuring and originating debt instruments
•
three
macroeconomic risk factors including correlation to equities, interest rate risk, and geographic/regional risk
•
relative
value spread basis between different asset classes, based on standard deviations in price of each asset
•
relative
value of each asset class as compared to its own historical average measured by standard deviation
The
Ares scoring for each asset class is then used to solve for an optimal allocation mix using a range of targeted returns. Minimum and maximum
concentration and diversification limits may be applied. This output is meant as an objective measure of relative value, useful in guiding
both Allocation Committee discussion and in advising Ares co-portfolio managers as to portfolio construction.
Allocation
Committee meetings are held monthly and serve multiple ends. The forum is intended to facilitate a congress of expert opinions from across
the credit spectrum. Members discuss macroeconomic trends, U.S. and global growth (or contraction), labor market trends, inflation trends,
fiscal and monetary policy trends, asset valuations, liquidity conditions and investor sentiment. Each is addressed with respect to its
potential effect on lending conditions and credit spreads across underlying asset classes. Consensus is not required, however the agenda
will tend to facilitate development of broad “house views” as to macroeconomic forecasts. Specific focus is given to the subject
of valuation, and whether each credit asset class is priced attractively relative to its fundamental (absolute) risk and also by comparison
to other credit assets. Healthy disagreement on this topic is encouraged, and particular consideration given to the spreads at which most
recent loans or bonds have been underwritten by the investment teams of each asset class. The end objective is to determine which asset
classes appear cheaply valued and most attractive relative to the risks inherent to each asset class.
The
process culminates as Mitch Goldstein and Greg Margolies determine portfolio positioning and will decide how much of the Fund’s
portfolio is invested in each credit asset class. The composition and construction of each underlying asset category is then determined
by the portfolio managers specific to that asset category. To the extent possible, such portfolio managers are the same as would be employed
in managing a standalone fund within that underlying asset class and the pool of investment ideas from which the underlying asset category
is populated would similarly be the same. All investments are either sourced from third parties or by Ares directly, but the Fund expects
the vast majority of the Fund’s investments to be directly originated by the Ares investment teams. While each underlying investment
team employs its own distinct investment process tailored to that asset class, all portfolio investments undergo intensive screening,
due diligence, and credit analyses focused on principal preservation and long-term value creation in market leading businesses. This ensures
integrity of process down to the selection of specific companies and credits and is intended to maximize “best ideas” capture
across the platform. As the allocation between various asset classes change, underlying portfolio managers are directed to monetize assets
or increase their investments to raise liquidity or deploy additional investment capital.
TYPES
OF INVESTMENTS AND RELATED RISKS
Investors
should carefully consider the risk factors described below, before deciding on whether to make an investment in the Fund. The risks set
out below are not the only risks the Fund faces. Additional risks and uncertainties not currently known to the Fund or that the Fund currently
deems to be immaterial also may materially adversely affect the Fund’s business, financial condition and/or operating results. If
any of the following events occur, the Fund’s business, financial condition and results of operations could be materially adversely
affected. In such case, the NAV of the Fund’s Shares could decline, and investors may lose all or part of their investment.
Risks
Relating to Investment Strategies and Fund Investments
Distressed
and Event-Driven Investing Risk. The Fund may invest in securities and other
obligations of companies that are involved in significant financial or business distress, including companies involved in bankruptcy or
other reorganization and liquidation proceedings. Although such investments may result in significant income and returns for the Fund,
they involve a substantial degree of risk. The level of analytical sophistication, both financial and legal, necessary for successful
investment in distressed assets is particularly high. There is no assurance that the Fund will correctly evaluate the value of the assets
collateralizing the Fund’s investments or the prospects for a successful reorganization or similar action in respect of any company.
In any reorganization or liquidation proceeding relating to a company in which the Fund invests, the Fund may lose its entire investment,
may be required to accept cash or securities with a value less than the Fund’s original investment and/or may be required to accept
payment over an extended period of time. Troubled company investments and other distressed asset-based investments require active monitoring.
The
Fund may also invest in companies in expectation of a specific event or catalyst, which may be external (e.g.,
a macroeconomic event impacting relevant markets) or an event that is specific to the company (e.g.,
a Chapter 11 filing). Such event-driven investing requires the Fund to make judgments concerning (i) the likelihood that an event
will occur; and (ii) the impact such event will have on the value of the Fund’s investment in the relevant company. If the
event fails to occur or it does not have the effect foreseen, significant losses can result.
Market
Price Inefficiency Risk. The Fund seeks investment opportunities based on what
the Advisors perceive as market inefficiencies. However, recognizing market inefficiencies requires a high level of market expertise and
is inherently difficult because it requires the recognition of information that the majority of market participants have not identified.
The Fund may not effectively recognize market inefficiencies and, even if it does, the market may not correct as the Fund predicts, either
of which could result in significant losses to the Fund.
Limited
Portfolio Companies Risk. The Fund seeks to achieve its investment objective
by focusing on a limited number of opportunities across the investment universe that it believes offer potentially exceptional risk-adjusted
income and returns as compared to more traditional investment strategies under current and expected economic conditions. As a result,
the Fund’s portfolio may be focused in a limited number of portfolio companies and industries. Beyond the asset diversification
requirements associated with the Fund’s qualification as a RIC under Subchapter M of the Code and the fundamental investment limitations
set forth in the Statement of Additional Information, the Fund does not have fixed guidelines for diversification, and while the Fund
is not targeting any specific industries, the Fund’s investments may be focused in relatively few industries or portfolio companies.
As a result, the aggregate income and returns the Fund realizes may be significantly adversely affected if a small number of investments
perform poorly or if the Fund needs to write down the value of any one investment. Additionally, a downturn in any particular industry
in which the Fund is invested could also significantly impact the aggregate income and returns it realizes.
Debt
Instruments Risk. The Fund may invest in loans and other types of debt instruments
and securities. Such investments may be secured, partially secured or unsecured and may be rated or unrated, and whether or not rated,
may have speculative characteristics. Changes in interest rates generally will cause the value of fixed rate debt investments held by
the Fund to vary inversely to such changes. Debt investments with longer terms to maturity or duration are subject to greater volatility
than investments in
shorter-term
obligations. The issuer of a debt security or instrument may not be able or willing to pay interest or to repay principal when due in
accordance with the terms of the associated agreement. An obligor’s willingness to pay interest or to repay principal due in a timely
manner may be affected by, among other factors, its cash flow. Commercial bank lenders may be able to contest payments to the holders
of other debt obligations of the same obligor in the event of default under their commercial bank loan agreements. See also “Types
of Investments and Related Risks — Credit Risk.”
The
Fund may invest in loans and other similar forms of debt. Such forms of indebtedness may be different from traditional debt securities
in that debt securities are typically part of a large issue of securities and loans and similar debt instruments may not be securities,
but may represent a specific commercial loan to a borrower. Loan participations typically represent direct participation, together with
other parties, in a loan to a corporate borrower, and generally are offered by banks or other financial institutions or lending syndicates.
The Fund may participate in such syndications, or can buy part of a loan, becoming a part lender. When purchasing indebtedness and loan
participations, the Fund assumes the credit risk associated with the borrower and may assume the credit risk associated with an interposed
bank or other Financial Intermediary. Members of a syndicate in which the Fund participates may have different and sometimes superior
rights to those of the Fund. Where the Fund invests as a sub-participant in syndicated debt, it may be subject to certain risks as a result
of having no direct contractual relationship with the underlying borrower. As a result, the Fund will generally be dependent on the lender
to enforce its rights and obligations under the loan arrangements in the event of a default by the underlying borrower and will generally
not have any direct rights against the underlying borrower, any direct rights in the collateral, if any, securing such borrowing, or any
right to deal directly with such borrower. The lender will, in general, retain the right to determine whether remedies provided for in
the underlying loan arrangement will be exercised, or waived. In the event that the Fund enters into such an investment, there can be
no assurance that its ability to realize upon a participation will not be interrupted or impaired in the event of the bankruptcy or insolvency
of any of the borrower or the lender or that in such circumstances the Fund will benefit from any set-off between the lender and the borrower.
Claims by third parties arising from these and other risks may be borne by the Fund.
Syndicated
Loans Risk. The Syndicated Loans in which the Fund will invest will primarily
be rated below investment grade, but may also be unrated and of comparable credit quality. As a result, the risks associated with such
Syndicated Loans are generally similar to the risks of other below investment grade fixed income instruments, although Syndicated Loans
are senior and typically secured in contrast to other below investment grade fixed income instruments, which are often subordinated or
unsecured. Investments in below investment grade Syndicated Loans are considered speculative because of the credit risk of the Borrowers.
Such Borrowers are more likely than investment grade Borrowers to default on their payments of interest and principal owed to the Fund,
and such defaults could reduce the Fund’s NAV and income dividends. An economic downturn would generally lead to a higher non-payment
rate, and a Syndicated Loan may lose significant market value before a default occurs. Moreover, any specific collateral used to secure
a Syndicated Loan may decline in value or become illiquid, which would adversely affect the Syndicated Loan’s value. Syndicated
Loans are subject to a number of risks described elsewhere in this prospectus, including liquidity risk and the risk of investing in below
investment grade fixed income instruments.
Syndicated
Loans are subject to the risk of non-payment of scheduled interest or principal. Such non-payment would result in a reduction of income
to the Fund, a reduction in the value of the investment and a potential decrease in the NAV of the Fund. There can be no assurance that
the liquidation of any collateral securing a Syndicated Loan would satisfy the Borrower’s obligation in the event of non-payment
of scheduled interest or principal payments, whether when due or upon acceleration, or that the collateral could be liquidated, readily
or otherwise. In the event of bankruptcy or insolvency of a Borrower, the Fund could experience delays or limitations with respect to
its ability to realize the benefits of the collateral, if any, securing a Syndicated Loan. The collateral securing a Syndicated Loan,
if any, may lose all or substantially all of its value in the event of the bankruptcy or insolvency of a Borrower. Some Syndicated Loans
are subject to the risk that a court, pursuant to fraudulent conveyance or other similar laws, could subordinate such Syndicated Loans
to presently existing or future indebtedness of the Borrower or take other action detrimental to the holders of Syndicated Loans including,
in certain circumstances, invalidating such Syndicated Loans or causing interest previously paid to be refunded to the Borrower.
Additionally,
a Syndicated Loan may be “primed” in bankruptcy, which reduces the ability of the holders of the Syndicated Loan to recover
on the collateral. Priming takes place when a debtor in bankruptcy is allowed to incur additional indebtedness by the bankruptcy court
and such indebtedness has a senior or pari passu lien with the debtor’s existing secured indebtedness, such as existing Syndicated
Loans or secured Corporate Bonds.
There
may be less readily available information about most Syndicated Loans and the Borrowers thereunder than is the case for many other types
of securities, including securities issued in transactions registered under the Securities Act of 1933, as amended (the “1933 Act”),
or registered under the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, as amended (the “Exchange Act”), and Borrowers subject to the periodic
reporting requirements of Section 13 of the Exchange Act. Syndicated Loans may be issued by companies that are not subject to SEC
reporting requirements and these companies, therefore, do not file reports with the SEC that must comply with SEC form requirements and
in addition are subject to a less stringent liability disclosure regime than companies subject to SEC reporting requirements. As a result,
the Advisors will rely primarily on their own evaluation of a Borrower’s credit quality rather than on any available independent
sources. Therefore, the Fund will be particularly dependent on the analytical abilities of the Advisors.
The
secondary trading market for Syndicated Loans may be less liquid than the secondary trading market for registered investment grade debt
securities. No active trading market may exist for certain Syndicated Loans, which may make it difficult to value them. Illiquidity and
adverse market conditions may mean that the Fund may not be able to sell Syndicated Loans quickly or at a fair price. To the extent that
a secondary market does exist for certain Syndicated Loans, the market for them may be subject to irregular trading activity, wide bid/ask
spreads and extended trade settlement periods.
Syndicated
Loans and other variable rate debt instruments are subject to the risk of payment defaults of scheduled interest or principal. Such payment
defaults would result in a reduction of income to the Fund, a reduction in the value of the investment and a potential decrease in the
NAV of the Fund. Similarly, a sudden and significant increase in market interest rates may increase the risk of payment defaults and cause
a decline in the value of these investments and in the Fund’s NAV. Other factors (including, but not limited to, rating downgrades,
credit deterioration, a large downward movement in share prices, a disparity in supply and demand of certain securities or market conditions
that reduce liquidity) can reduce the value of Syndicated Loans and other debt obligations, impairing the Fund’s NAV.
Syndicated
Loans are subject to legislative risk. If legislation or state or federal regulations impose additional requirements or restrictions on
the ability of financial institutions to make loans, the availability of Syndicated Loans for investment by the Fund may be adversely
affected. In addition, such requirements or restrictions could reduce or eliminate sources of financing for certain Borrowers. This would
increase the risk of default. If legislation or federal or state regulations require financial institutions to increase their capital
requirements this may cause financial institutions to dispose of Syndicated Loans that are considered highly levered transactions. Such
sales could result in prices that, in the opinions of the Advisors, do not represent fair value. If the Fund attempts to sell a Syndicated
Loan at a time when a financial institution is engaging in such a sale, the price the Fund could receive for the Syndicated Loan may be
adversely affected.
The
Fund expects to acquire Syndicated Loans through assignments and, to a lesser extent, through participations. The purchaser of an assignment
typically succeeds to all the rights and obligations of the assigning institution and becomes a lender under the credit agreement with
respect to the debt obligation; however, the purchaser’s rights can be more restricted than those of the assigning institution,
and the Fund may not be able to unilaterally enforce all rights and remedies under the loan and with regard to any associated collateral.
In general, a participation is a contractual relationship only with the institution participating out the interest, not with the Borrower.
Sellers of participations typically include banks, broker-dealers, other financial institutions and lending institutions. In purchasing
participations, the Fund generally will have no right to enforce compliance by the Borrower with the terms of the loan agreement against
the Borrower, and the Fund may not directly benefit from the collateral supporting the debt obligation in which it has purchased the participation.
As a result, (i) the Fund will be exposed to the credit risk of both the Borrower and the institution selling the participation;
and (ii) both the Borrower and the institution selling the participation will be considered issuers for purposes of the Fund’s
investment
restriction
concerning industry concentration. See “Investment Restrictions”. Further, in purchasing participations in lending syndicates,
the Fund may be more limited than it otherwise would be in its ability to conduct due diligence on the Borrower. In addition, as a holder
of the participations, the Fund may not have voting rights or inspection rights that the Fund would otherwise have if it were investing
directly in the Syndicated Loan, which may result in the Fund being exposed to greater credit or fraud risk with respect to the Borrower
or the Syndicated Loan.
Subordinated
Loans Risk. Although the Fund does not initially expect Subordinated Loans
to be a significant component of its portfolio, it may invest in such instruments from time to time. Subordinated Loans generally are
subject to similar risks as those associated with investments in Syndicated Loans, except that such loans are subordinated in payment
and/or lower in lien priority to first lien holders. In the event of default on a Subordinated Loan, the first priority lien holder has
first claim to the underlying collateral of the loan to the extent such claim is secured. Additionally, an oversecured creditor may be
entitled to additional interest and other charges in bankruptcy increasing the amount of their allowed claim. Subordinated Loans are subject
to the additional risk that the cash flow of the Borrower and property securing the loan or debt, if any, may be insufficient to meet
scheduled payments after giving effect to the senior obligations of the Borrower. This risk is generally higher for subordinated unsecured
loans or debt, which are not backed by a security interest in any specific collateral. Subordinated Loans generally have greater price
volatility than Syndicated Loans and may be less liquid.
“Covenant-Lite”
Loans Risk. Some of the loans in which the Fund may invest directly or indirectly
through its investments in collateralized debt obligations (“CDOs”), CLOs or other types of structured securities may be “covenant-lite”
loans, which means the loans contain fewer maintenance covenants than other loans (in some cases, none) and do not include terms which
allow the lender to monitor the performance of the borrower and declare a default if certain criteria are breached. An investment by the
Fund in a covenant-lite loan may potentially hinder the ability to reprice credit risk associated with the issuer and reduce the ability
to restructure a problematic loan and mitigate potential loss. The Fund may also experience delays in enforcing its rights on its holdings
of covenant-lite loans. As a result of these risks, the Fund’s exposure to losses may be increased, which could result in an adverse
impact on the Fund’s net income and net asset value.
Corporate
Bond Risk. The market value of a Corporate Bond generally may be expected to
rise and fall inversely with interest rates. The market value of intermediate- and longer-term Corporate Bonds is generally more sensitive
to changes in interest rates than is the market value of shorter-term Corporate Bonds. The market value of a Corporate Bond also may be
affected by factors directly related to the issuer, such as investors’ perceptions of the creditworthiness of the issuer, the issuer’s
financial performance, perceptions of the issuer in the market place, performance of management of the issuer, the issuer’s capital
structure and use of financial leverage and demand for the issuer’s goods and services. Certain risks associated with investments
in Corporate Bonds are described elsewhere in this Prospectus in further detail, including under “Credit Risk”, “Prepayment
Risk” and “Inflation and Deflation Risk”. There is a risk that the issuers of Corporate Bonds may not be able to meet
their obligations on interest or principal payments at the time called for by an instrument. The Fund expects to invest primarily in Corporate
Bonds that are high yield issues rated below investment grade. High yield Corporate Bonds are often high risk and have speculative characteristics.
High yield Corporate Bonds may be particularly susceptible to adverse issuer-specific developments. High yield Corporate Bonds are subject
to the risks described below under “Below Investment Grade Rating Risk.”
Asset-Backed
Securities Risk. Asset-backed securities often involve risks that are different
from or more acute than risks associated with other types of debt instruments. For instance, asset-backed securities may be particularly
sensitive to changes in prevailing interest rates. In addition, the underlying assets are subject to prepayments that shorten the securities’
weighted average maturity and may lower their return. Asset-backed securities are also subject to risks associated with their structure
and the nature of the assets underlying the security and the servicing of those assets. Payment of interest and repayment of principal
on asset-backed securities is largely dependent upon the cash flows generated by the assets backing the securities and, in certain cases,
supported by letters of credit, surety bonds or other credit enhancements. The values of asset-backed securities may be substantially
dependent on the servicing of the underlying asset pools, and are therefore subject to risks associated with the negligence by, or defalcation
of, their
servicers.
Furthermore, debtors may be entitled to the protection of a number of state and federal consumer credit laws with respect to the assets
underlying these securities, which may give the debtor the right to avoid or reduce payment. In addition, due to their often complicated
structures, various asset-backed securities may be difficult to value and may constitute illiquid investments. If many borrowers on the
underlying loans default, losses could exceed the credit enhancement level and result in losses to investors in asset-backed securities.
Below
Investment Grade Rating Risk. The Fund expects initially that its investments
in Syndicated Loans, Subordinated Loans, Corporate Bonds and other debt instruments will consist primarily of securities and loans that
are rated below investment grade or unrated and of comparable credit quality. Corporate Bonds that are rated below investment grade are
often referred to as “high yield” securities or “junk bonds.” Below investment grade Syndicated Loans, high yield
securities and other similar instruments are rated “Ba1” or lower by Moody’s, “BB+” or lower by S&P
or “BB+” or lower by Fitch or, if unrated, are judged by the Advisors to be of comparable credit quality. While generally
providing greater income and opportunity for gain, below investment grade rated Corporate Bonds and Syndicated Loans and similar debt
instruments may be subject to greater risks than securities or instruments that have higher credit ratings, including a higher risk of
default. The credit rating of a Corporate Bond and Syndicated Loan that is rated below investment grade does not necessarily address its
market value risk, and ratings may from time to time change, positively or negatively, to reflect developments regarding the issuer’s
financial condition. Below investment grade Corporate Bonds and Syndicated Loans and similar instruments often are considered to be speculative
with respect to the capacity of the Borrower to timely repay principal and pay interest or dividends in accordance with the terms of the
obligation and may have more credit risk than higher rated securities. Lower grade securities and similar debt instruments may be particularly
susceptible to economic downturns. It is likely that a prolonged or deepening economic recession could adversely affect the ability of
some Borrowers issuing such Corporate Bonds, Syndicated Loans and similar debt instruments to repay principal and pay interest on the
instrument, increase the incidence of default and severely disrupt the market value of the securities and similar debt instruments.
The
secondary market for below investment grade Corporate Bonds and Syndicated Loans and similar instruments may be less liquid than that
for higher rated instruments. Because unrated securities may not have an active trading market or may be difficult to value, the Fund
might have difficulty selling them promptly at an acceptable price. To the extent that the Fund invests in unrated securities, the Fund’s
ability to achieve its investment objectives will be more dependent on the Advisors’ credit analysis than would be the case when
the Fund invests in rated securities.
Under
normal market conditions, the Fund will invest in Syndicated Loans and Corporate Bonds, and may invest in Subordinated Loans and other
debt instruments, rated in the lower rating categories (“Caa1” or lower by Moody’s, “CCC+” or lower by S&P
or CCC+ or lower by Fitch) or unrated and of comparable quality. For these securities, the risks associated with below investment grade
instruments are more pronounced. The Fund may incur additional expenses to the extent it is required to seek recovery upon a default in
the payment of principal or interest on its portfolio holdings. In any reorganization or liquidation proceeding relating to an investment,
the Fund may lose its entire investment or may be required to accept cash or securities with a value substantially less than its original
investment.
Collateralized
Loan Obligations Risk. CLOs issue debt securities in tranches with different
payment characteristics and different credit ratings. The rated tranches of CLO Debt Securities are generally assigned credit ratings
by one or more nationally recognized statistical rating organization (“NRSRO”). Residual tranches are the most junior tranches
and do not receive ratings. Below investment grade tranches of CLO Debt Securities typically experience a lower recovery, greater risk
of loss or deferral or non-payment of interest than more senior tranches of the CLO. The riskiest portion of the capital structure of
a CLO is the subordinated (or residual) tranche, which bears the bulk of defaults from the loans in the CLO and serves to protect the
other, more senior tranches from default in all but the most severe circumstances. Since it is partially protected from defaults, a senior
tranche from a CLO typically has higher ratings and lower yields than the underlying securities, and can be rated investment grade. Despite
the protection from the subordinated tranche, CLO tranches can experience substantial losses due to actual defaults, increased sensitivity
to defaults due to collateral default and disappearance of protecting tranches, market anticipation of defaults and aversion to CLO Securities
as a class. The risks of an investment in a CLO depend largely on the collateral and the tranche of the CLO in which the Fund invests.
The
CLOs in which the Fund invests may have issued and sold debt tranches that will rank senior to the tranches in which the Fund invests.
By their terms, such more senior tranches may entitle the holders to receive payment of interest or principal on or before the dates on
which the Fund is entitled to receive payments with respect to the tranches in which the Fund invests.
Also,
in the event of insolvency, liquidation, dissolution, reorganization or bankruptcy of a CLO, holders of more senior tranches would typically
be entitled to receive payment in full before the Fund receives any distribution. After repaying such senior creditors, such CLO may not
have any remaining assets to use for repaying its obligation to the Fund. In the case of tranches ranking equally with the tranches in
which the Fund invests, the Fund would have to share on an equal basis any distributions with other creditors holding such securities
in the event of an insolvency, liquidation, dissolution, reorganization or bankruptcy of the relevant CLO. Therefore, the Fund may not
receive back the full amount of its investment in a CLO.
The
transaction documents relating to the issuance of CLO Debt Securities may impose eligibility criteria on the assets of the CLO, restrict
the ability of the CLO’s investment manager to trade investments and impose certain portfolio-wide asset quality requirements. These
criteria, restrictions and requirements may limit the ability of the CLO’s investment manager to maximize returns on the CLO Debt
Securities. In addition, other parties involved in CLOs, such as third party credit enhancers and investors in the rated tranches may
impose requirements that have an adverse effect on the returns of the various tranches of CLO Debt Securities. Furthermore, CLO Debt Securities
issuance transaction documents generally contain provisions that, in the event that certain tests are not met (generally interest coverage
and over-collateralization tests at varying levels in the capital structure), proceeds that would otherwise be distributed to holders
of a junior tranche must be diverted to pay down the senior tranches until such tests are satisfied. Failure (or increased likelihood
of failure) of a CLO to make timely payments on a particular tranche will have an adverse effect on the liquidity and market value of
such tranche.
Payments
to holders of CLO Debt Securities may be subject to deferral. If cash flows generated by the underlying assets are insufficient to make
all current and, if applicable, deferred payments on CLO Debt Securities, no other assets will be available for payment of the deficiency
and, following realization of the underlying assets, the obligations of the issuer of the related CLO Debt Securities to pay such deficiency
will be extinguished.
The
market value of CLO Debt Securities may be affected by, among other things, changes in the market value of the underlying assets held
by the CLO, changes in the distributions on the underlying assets, defaults and recoveries on the underlying assets, capital gains and
losses on the underlying assets, prepayments on underlying assets and the availability, prices and interest rate of underlying assets.
Furthermore, the leveraged nature of each subordinated class may magnify the adverse impact on such class of changes in the value of the
assets, changes in the distributions on the assets, defaults and recoveries on the assets, capital gains and losses on the assets, prepayment
on assets and availability, price and interest rates of assets. Finally, CLO Debt Securities are limited recourse and may not be paid
in full and may be subject to up to 100% loss.
Commercial
Real Estate Lending Investments Risk. The
Fund’s senior commercial real estate loans are secured by commercial property and are subject to risks of delinquency and foreclosure,
and risks of loss that may be greater than similar risks associated with loans made on the security of single-family residential property.
The ability of a borrower to repay a loan secured by an income-producing property typically is dependent primarily upon the successful
operation of such property rather than upon the existence of independent income or assets of the borrower. If the net operating income
of the property is reduced, the borrower’s ability to repay the loan may be impaired. Net operating income of an income-producing
property can be adversely affected by, among other things,
•
tenant
mix;
•
success
of tenant businesses;
•
property
management decisions;
•
property
location, condition and design;
competition
from comparable types of properties;
•
changes
in laws that increase operating expenses or limit rents that may be charged;
•
changes
in national, regional or local economic conditions and/or specific industry segments, including the credit and securitization markets;
•
declines
in regional or local real estate values;
•
declines
in regional or local rental or occupancy rates;
•
increases
in interest rates, real estate tax rates and other operating expenses;
•
costs
of remediation and liabilities associated with environmental conditions;
•
the
potential for uninsured or underinsured property losses;
•
changes
in governmental laws and regulations, including fiscal policies, zoning ordinances and environmental legislation and the related costs
of compliance; and
•
acts
of God, terrorist attacks, social unrest and civil disturbances.
In
the event of any default under a mortgage loan held directly by the Fund, the Fund will bear a risk of loss of principal to the extent
of any deficiency between the value of the collateral and the principal and accrued interest of the mortgage loan, which could have a
material adverse effect on the Fund’s cash flow from operations and limit amounts available for distribution to the Fund’s
Shareholders. In the event of the bankruptcy of a mortgage loan borrower, the mortgage loan to such borrower will be deemed to be secured
only to the extent of the value of the underlying collateral at the time of bankruptcy (as determined by the bankruptcy court), and the
lien securing the mortgage loan will be subject to the avoidance powers of the bankruptcy trustee or debtor-in-possession to the extent
the lien is unenforceable under state law. Foreclosure of a mortgage loan can be an expensive and lengthy process, which could have a
substantial negative effect on the Fund’s anticipated return on the foreclosed mortgage loan.
Duration
and Maturity Risk. The Fund has no fixed policy regarding portfolio maturity
or duration. Holding long duration and long maturity investments will expose the Fund to certain magnified risks. When interest rates
rise, certain obligations will be paid off by the issuers of debt investments more slowly than anticipated, causing the value of these
obligations to fall. Rising interest rates tend to extend the duration of securities, making them more sensitive to changes in interest
rates. The value of longer-term securities generally changes more in response to changes in interest rates than shorter-term securities.
As a result, in a period of rising interest rates, such as in recent years, securities may exhibit additional volatility and may
lose value.
When
interest rates fall, certain obligations will be paid off by the issuers of debt investments more quickly than originally anticipated,
and the Fund may have to invest the proceeds in securities with lower yields. In periods of falling interest rates, the rate of prepayments
tends to increase (as does price fluctuation) as issuers of debt instruments are motivated to pay off debt and refinance at new lower
rates. During such periods, reinvestment of the prepayment proceeds by the Advisor will generally be at lower rates of return than the
return on the assets that were prepaid. Prepayment reduces the yield to maturity and the average life of the security.
Distressed
and Defaulted Debt Risk. The Fund may invest, to a limited extent, in securities,
including loans purchased in the secondary market, that are the subject of bankruptcy proceedings or otherwise in default or at risk of
being in default as to the repayment of principal and/or interest at the time of acquisition by the Fund (“Distressed Debt”).
Investment in Distressed Debt is speculative and involves significant risks.
The
Fund may make such investments when the Advisors believe it is reasonably likely that the issuer of Distressed Debt will make an exchange
offer or will be the subject of a plan of reorganization pursuant to which the Fund will receive new securities in return for Distressed
Debt. There can be no assurance, however, that such an exchange offer will be made or that such a plan of reorganization will be adopted.
In addition, a significant period of time may pass between the time at which the Fund makes its investment in Distressed Debt and the
time that any such exchange offer or plan of reorganization is completed, if at all.
During
this period, it is unlikely that the Fund would receive any interest payments on the Distressed Debt, the Fund would be subject to significant
uncertainty whether the exchange offer or plan of reorganization will be completed and the Fund may be required to bear certain extraordinary
expenses to protect and recover its investment. Therefore, to the extent the Fund seeks capital appreciation through investment in Distressed
Debt, the Fund’s ability to achieve current income for its Shareholders may be diminished. The Fund also will be subject to significant
uncertainty as to when and in what manner and for what value the obligations evidenced by the Distressed Debt will eventually be satisfied
(e.g., through a liquidation of
the obligor’s assets, an exchange offer or plan of reorganization involving the Distressed Debt or a payment of some amount in satisfaction
of the obligation). Even if an exchange offer is made or plan of reorganization is adopted with respect to Distressed Debt held by the
Fund, there can be no assurance that the securities or other assets received by the Fund in connection with such exchange offer or plan
of reorganization will not have a lower value or income potential than may have been anticipated when the investment was made or no value.
Moreover, any securities received by the Fund upon completion of an exchange offer or plan of reorganization may be restricted as to resale.
Similarly, if the Fund participates in negotiations with respect to any exchange offer or plan of reorganization with respect to an issuer
of Distressed Debt, the Fund may be restricted from disposing of such securities. To the extent that the Fund becomes involved in such
proceedings, the Fund may have a more active participation in the affairs of the issuer than that assumed generally by an investor.
Credit
Risk. Credit risk is the risk that one or more loans or debt securities in
the Fund’s portfolio will decline in price or one or more Borrowers will fail to pay interest or principal when due because one
or more Borrowers experiences a decline in its financial condition. While a senior position in the capital structure of a Borrower may
provide some protection with respect to the Fund’s investments in Syndicated Loans, losses may still occur because the market value
of Syndicated Loans is affected by the creditworthiness of Borrowers and by general economic and specific industry conditions. To the
extent the Fund invests in below investment grade Corporate Bonds, Syndicated Loans or other investments, it will be exposed to a greater
amount of credit risk than a fund that invests in investment grade securities or loans. Typically, the prices of lower grade securities
or loans are more sensitive to negative developments, such as a decline in the Borrower’s revenues or a general economic downturn,
than are the prices of higher grade securities or loans.
Credit
Ratings Risk. Credit ratings represent only the opinion of a rating agency
with respect to the ability of a company to make principal and interest payments on its securities. In determining a credit rating, rating
agencies do not evaluate the risks of fluctuations in market value. Further, there may be limits on the effectiveness of the rating agencies’
financial models. For these and other reasons, a credit rating may not fully reflect the risks inherent in the relevant security. Further,
a rating agency may have a conflict of interest with respect to a security for which it assigns a particular rating. For example, if the
issuer or sponsor of a security pays a rating agency for the analysis of its security, a conflict of interest exists that could affect
the reliability of the rating. In addition, credit rating agencies may or may not make timely changes to a rating to reflect changes in
the economy or in the conditions of the issuer that affect the market value of the security. In other words, a security or an issuer may
maintain a certain credit rating even though conditions have deteriorated or improved since the rating was issued. Consequently, credit
ratings should not necessarily be relied upon as an indicator of investment quality. If a rating agency changes the rating assigned to
one or more of the Fund’s investments, the Fund is not required to sell the relevant securities.
Covenant
Breach Risk. A borrower may fail to satisfy financial or operating covenants
imposed by the Fund or other lenders, which could lead to defaults and, potentially, termination of its loans and foreclosure on its secured
assets, which could trigger cross-defaults under other agreements and jeopardize such company’s ability to meet its obligations
under the debt or equity securities that the Fund holds. The Fund may incur expenses to the extent necessary to seek recovery upon default
or to negotiate new terms, which may include the waiver of certain financial covenants, with a defaulting company.
Prepayment
Risk. During periods of declining interest rates, Borrowers may exercise their
option to prepay principal earlier than scheduled. For Corporate Bonds, such payments often occur during periods of declining interest
rates, which may require the Fund to reinvest in lower yielding securities, resulting in a possible decline in the Fund’s income
and dividends to Shareholders. This is known as prepayment or “call”
risk.
Below investment grade Corporate Bonds frequently have call features that allow the issuer to redeem the security at dates prior to its
stated maturity at a specified price (typically greater than the stated principal amount) only if certain prescribed conditions are met
(“Call Protection”). An issuer may redeem Corporate Bonds if, for example, the issuer can refinance the debt at a lower cost
due to declining interest rates or an improvement in the credit standing of the issuer. Fixed income securities may be purchased at prices
below or above their stated principal amount. For premium Corporate Bonds (Corporate Bonds acquired at prices that exceed their stated
principal amount), prepayment risk may be enhanced given that the Fund would lose the potential value of the yield-to-maturity of the
bonds in the event they are redeemed at the stated principal amount.
Syndicated
Loans and Subordinated Loans are subject to prepayment risk and typically do not have Call Protection. The degree to which Borrowers prepay
Syndicated Loans and Subordinated Loans, whether as a contractual requirement or at their election, may be affected by general business
conditions, the financial condition of the Borrower and competitive conditions among Syndicated Loan and Subordinated Loan investors,
among others. For these reasons, prepayments cannot be predicted with accuracy. Upon a prepayment, either in part or in full, the outstanding
debt from which the Fund derives interest income will be reduced. The Fund may not be able to reinvest the proceeds received on terms
as favorable as the prepaid loan.
Short
Sales Risk. A short sale is a transaction in which the Fund sells an instrument
that it does not own in anticipation that the market price will decline. To deliver the securities to the buyer, the Fund arranges through
a broker to borrow the securities and, in so doing, the Fund becomes obligated to replace the securities borrowed at their market price
at the time of replacement. When selling short, the Fund intends to replace the securities at a lower price and therefore profit from
the difference between the cost to replace the securities and the proceeds received from the sale of the securities. When the Fund makes
a short sale, the proceeds it receives from the sale will be held on behalf of a broker until the Fund replaces the borrowed securities.
The Fund may have to pay a premium to borrow the securities and must pay any dividends or interest payable on the securities until they
are replaced. The Fund’s obligation to replace the securities borrowed in connection with a short sale will be secured by collateral
deposited with the broker that consists of cash and/or liquid securities. Short sales involve certain risks and special considerations.
If the Fund incorrectly predicts that the price of the borrowed security will decline, the Fund will have to replace the securities with
securities with a greater value than the amount received from the sale. As a result, losses from short sales differ from losses that could
be incurred from a purchase of a security because losses from short sales may be unlimited, whereas losses from purchases can equal only
the total amount invested.
No
Control Over Portfolio Companies. The Fund does not expect to control most
of its portfolio companies, although its debt agreements with such portfolio companies may contain certain restrictive covenants. As a
result, the Fund is subject to the risk that a portfolio company in which it invests may make business decisions with which it disagrees
and the management of such company, as representatives of the holders of its common equity, may take risks or otherwise act in ways that
do not serve the Fund’s interests as a debt investor. A portfolio company may make decisions that could decrease the value of the
Fund’s portfolio holdings. The Fund may not be able to dispose of its interests in its portfolio companies as readily as it would
like or at an appropriate valuation, if it invests in non-traded companies. In addition, where the Fund is entitled to occupy a seat on
the board of a portfolio company, such involvement may prevent the Fund from freely disposing of its debt investments and may subject
the Fund to additional liability or result in re-characterization of its debt investments as equity.
Mezzanine
Investments Risk. The Fund may invest in mezzanine debt instruments, which
are expected to be unsecured and made in companies with capital structures having significant indebtedness ranking ahead of the investments,
all or a significant portion of which may be secured. While the investments may benefit from the same or similar financial and other covenants
as those applicable to the indebtedness ranking ahead of the investments and may benefit from cross-default provisions and security over
the company’s assets, some or all of such terms may not be part of particular investments and the mezzanine debt will be subordinated
in recovery to senior classes of debt in the event of a default. Mezzanine investments generally are subject to various risks, including,
without limitation: (i) a subsequent characterization of an investment as a “fraudulent conveyance”; (ii) the recovery
as a “preference” of liens
perfected
or payments made on account of a debt in the 90 days before a bankruptcy filing; (iii) equitable subordination claims by other
creditors; (iv) so-called “lender liability” claims by the issuer of the obligations; and (v) environmental liabilities
that may arise with respect to any collateral securing the obligations.
Convertible
Securities Risk. Convertible securities are bonds, debentures, notes, preferred
stocks or other securities that may be converted into or exchanged for a specified amount of common stock or other equity security of
the same or a different issuer within a particular period of time at a specified price or formula. A convertible security entitles its
holder to receive interest that is generally paid or accrued on debt or a dividend that is paid or accrued on preferred stock until the
convertible security matures or is redeemed, converted or exchanged. Convertible securities have unique investment characteristics in
that they generally: (i) have higher yields than common stocks, but lower yields than comparable non-convertible securities; (ii) are
less subject to fluctuation in value than the underlying common stock due to their fixed-income characteristics; and (iii) provide
the potential for capital appreciation if the market price of the underlying common stock increases.
The
value of a convertible security is a function of its “investment value,” or determined by its yield in comparison with the
yields of other securities of comparable maturity and quality that do not have a conversion privilege, and its “conversion value,”
or the security’s worth, at market value, if converted into the underlying common stock. The investment value of a convertible security
is influenced by changes in interest rates, with investment value declining as interest rates increase and increasing as interest rates
decline. The credit standing of the issuer and other factors also may have an effect on the convertible security’s investment value.
The conversion value of a convertible security is determined by the market price of the underlying common stock. If the conversion value
is low relative to the investment value, the price of the convertible security is governed principally by its investment value. To the
extent the market price of the underlying common stock approaches or exceeds the conversion price, the price of the convertible security
will be increasingly influenced by its conversion value. A convertible security generally will sell at a premium over its conversion value
by the extent to which investors place value on the right to acquire the underlying common stock while holding a fixed-income security.
Generally, the amount of the premium decreases as the convertible security approaches maturity. Although under normal market conditions
longer-term convertible debt securities have greater yields than do shorter-term convertible debt securities of similar quality, they
are subject to greater price fluctuations.
A
convertible security may be subject to redemption at the option of the issuer at a price established in the convertible security’s
governing instrument. If a convertible security held by the Fund is called for redemption, the Fund will be required to permit the issuer
to redeem the security, convert it into the underlying common stock or sell it to a third party. Any of these actions could have an adverse
effect on the Fund’s ability to achieve its investment objective.
Equity
Securities Risk. The value of equity securities, including common stocks, preferred
stocks and convertible stocks, will fluctuate in response to factors affecting the particular company, as well as broader market and economic
conditions. Moreover, in the event of a company’s bankruptcy, claims of certain creditors, including bondholders, will have priority
over claims of holders of common stock and are likely to have varying types of priority over holders of preferred and convertible stock.
Equity
markets may experience significant short-term volatility and may fall sharply at times. Different markets may behave differently from
each other and U.S. equity markets may move in the opposite direction from one or more foreign stock markets. Adverse events in any part
of the equity or fixed-income markets may have unexpected negative effects on other market segments. The prices of individual equity securities
generally do not all move in the same direction at the same time and a variety of factors can affect the price of a particular company’s
securities. These factors may include, but are not limited to, poor earnings reports, a loss of customers, litigation against the company,
general unfavorable performance of the company’s sector or industry, or changes in government regulations affecting the company
or its industry.
Risks
Associated with Investments in Equity Securities Incidental to Investments in Syndicated Loans. Investments
in equity securities incidental to investments in Syndicated Loans or other debt instruments entail certain risks in addition to those
associated with investments in Syndicated Loans or
other
debt instruments. Because equity is merely the residual value of a Borrower after all claims and other interests, it is inherently more
risky than Syndicated Loans or other debt instruments of the same Borrower. The value of the equity securities may be affected more rapidly,
and to a greater extent, by company- and industry-specific developments and general market conditions. These risks may increase fluctuations
in the NAV of the common shares. The Fund frequently may possess material non-public information about a Borrower as a result of its ownership
of a Syndicated Loan or other debt instruments of a Borrower. Because of prohibitions on trading in securities while in possession of
material non-public information, the Fund might be unable to enter into a transaction in a security of the Borrower when it would otherwise
be advantageous to do so.
Dividends. The
Fund may invest in equity securities from time to time. Dividends relating to these equity securities may not be fixed, but may be declared
at the discretion of a portfolio company’s board of directors. There is no guarantee that a company in which the Fund invests will
declare dividends in the future or that, if declared, the dividends will remain at current levels or increase over time.
Derivatives
Risk.
The
Fund’s use of derivative instruments involves investment risks and transaction costs to which the Fund would not be subject absent
the use of these instruments and, accordingly, may result in losses greater than if they had not been used. The use of derivative instruments
may have risks including, among others, leverage risk, market risk, volatility risk, duration mismatch risk, correlation risk, counterparty
risk, market liquidity risk, fund liquidity risk and legal and operational risk.
Swap
Agreements Risk. The
Fund may enter into swap agreements, including interest rate and index swap agreements, for hedging purposes, as a form of leverage or
to seek to obtain a particular desired return at a lower cost to the Fund than if the Fund had invested directly in an instrument yielding
the desired return. Swap agreements are often two party contracts entered into primarily by institutional investors for periods ranging
from a few weeks to more than one year. In a typical “swap” transaction, two parties agree to exchange the returns (or differentials
in rates of return) earned or realized on particular predetermined investments or instruments. Some swaps may be subject to central clearing
and exchange trading. Whether the Fund’s use of swap agreements will be successful in furthering its investment objective will depend
on the Advisors’ ability to correctly predict whether certain types of investments are likely to produce greater returns than other
investments. Because they are two party contracts and because they may have terms of greater than seven days, some swap agreements may
be considered by the Fund to be illiquid. Moreover, the Fund bears the risk of loss of the amount expected to be received under a swap
agreement in the event of the default or bankruptcy of a bi-lateral swap agreement counterparty. The Fund may seek to reduce this risk
to some extent by entering into a transaction only if the counterparty meets the Advisors’ current credit standards for OTC option
counterparties. In the case of a cleared swap, the Fund bears the risk that the clearinghouse may default. Swap agreements also bear the
risk that the Fund will not be able to meet its payment obligations to the counterparty. Restrictions imposed by the tax rules applicable
to RICs may limit the Fund’s ability to use swap agreements. It is possible that developments in the swap market, including further
government regulation, could adversely affect the Fund’s ability to enter into or terminate swap agreements or to realize amounts
to be received under these agreements. Swap transactions may involve substantial leverage.
The
Fund may enter into credit default swap agreements and similar agreements, and may also buy credit-linked securities. Credit default swaps
are often structured with significant leverage and may be considered speculative. The credit default swap agreement or similar instrument
may have as reference obligations one or more securities that are not currently held by the Fund. The protection “buyer” in
a credit default contract may be obligated to pay the protection “seller” an upfront payment or a periodic stream of payments
over the term of the contract provided generally that no credit event on a reference obligation has occurred. If a credit event occurs,
the seller generally must pay the buyer the “par value” (full notional value) of the swap in exchange for an equal
face amount of deliverable obligations of the reference entity described in the swap, or the seller may be required to deliver the related
net cash amount, if the swap is cash settled. The Fund may be either the buyer or seller in the transaction. If the Fund is a buyer and
no credit event occurs, the Fund recovers nothing if the swap is held through its termination date. However, if a credit event occurs,
the Fund may elect to receive the full notional value of the swap in exchange for an
equal
face amount of deliverable obligations of the reference entity that may have little or no value. As a seller, the Fund generally receives
an upfront payment or a fixed rate of income throughout the term of the swap, which typically is between six months and three years,
provided that there is no credit event. If a credit event occurs, generally the seller must pay the buyer the full notional value of the
swap in exchange for an equal face amount of deliverable obligations of the reference entity that may have little or no value.
Swaptions
Risk. The Fund, to the extent permitted under applicable law, may enter into
“swaptions”, which are options on swap agreements on either an asset-based or liability-based basis. A swaption is a contract
that gives a counterparty the right (but not the obligation) to enter into a new swap agreement or to shorten, extend, cancel or otherwise
modify an existing swap agreement, at some designated future time on specified terms. The Fund may write (sell) and purchase put and call
swaptions. Depending on the terms of the particular option agreement, the Fund generally will incur a greater degree of risk when it writes
a swaption than it will incur when it purchases a swaption. When the Fund purchases a swaption, it risks losing only the amount of the
premium it has paid should it decide to let the option expire unexercised. When the Fund writes a swaption, upon exercise of the option,
the Fund will become obligated according to the terms of the underlying agreement.
Credit-Linked
Securities Risk. Among the income producing securities in which the Fund may
invest are credit-linked securities, which generally are issued by a limited purpose trust or other vehicle that, in turn, invests in
a Derivative instrument or basket of Derivative instruments, such as credit default swaps, interest rate swaps and other securities, in
order to provide exposure to certain fixed income markets. For instance, the Fund may invest in credit-linked securities as a cash management
tool in order to gain exposure to a certain market and/or to remain fully invested when more traditional income producing securities are
not available.
Like
an investment in a bond, investments in credit-linked securities generally represent the right to receive periodic income payments (in
the form of dividends) and payment of principal at the end of the term of the security. However, these payments are conditioned on the
issuer’s receipt of payments from, and the issuer’s potential obligations to, the counterparties to the Derivative instruments
and other securities in which the issuer invests. For instance, the issuer may sell one or more credit default swaps, under which the
issuer would receive a stream of payments over the term of the swap agreements provided that no event of default has occurred with respect
to the referenced debt obligation upon which the swap is based. If a default occurs, the stream of payments may stop and the issuer would
be obligated to pay the counterparty the par (or other agreed upon value) of the referenced debt obligation. This, in turn, would reduce
the amount of income and principal that the Fund would receive as an investor in the issuer. The Fund’s investments in these instruments
are indirectly subject to the risks associated with Derivatives, including, among others, credit risk and leverage risk. There may be
no established trading market for these securities and they may constitute illiquid investments.
Structured
Products Risk.
General. The
Fund may invest in structured products, including, without limitation, investment grade rated CLO Debt Securities and structured notes.
Holders of structured products bear risks of the underlying investments, index or reference obligation and are subject to counterparty
risk.
The
Fund may have the right to receive payments only from the structured product, and generally does not have direct rights against the issuer
or the entity that sold the assets to be securitized. While certain structured products enable the investor to acquire interests in a
pool of securities without the brokerage and other expenses associated with directly holding the same assets, investors in structured
products generally pay their share of the structured product’s administrative and other expenses. Although it is difficult to predict
whether the prices of indices and securities underlying structured products will rise or fall, these prices (and, therefore, the prices
of structured products) will be influenced by the same types of political and economic events that affect issuers of securities and capital
markets generally. If the issuer of a structured product uses shorter-term financing to purchase longer term securities, the issuer may
be forced to sell its securities at below market prices if it experiences difficulty in obtaining short-term financing, which may adversely
affect the value of the structured products owned by the Fund.
Investments
in structured products involve risks, including credit risk and market risk. Certain structured products may be thinly traded or have
a limited trading market. Where the Fund’s investments in
structured
products are based upon the movement of one or more factors, including currency exchange rates, interest rates, reference bonds and share
indices, depending on the factor used and the use of multipliers or deflators, changes in interest rates and movement of the factor may
cause significant price fluctuations. Additionally, changes in the reference instrument or security may cause the interest rate on the
structured product to be reduced to zero, and any further changes in the reference instrument may then reduce the principal amount payable
on maturity. Structured products may be less liquid than other types of securities and more volatile than the reference instrument or
security underlying the product.
The
Fund may invest in structured products collateralized by below investment grade or distressed loans or securities. Investments in such
structured products are subject to the risks associated with below investment grade securities. Such securities are characterized by high
risk. It is likely that an economic recession could severely disrupt the market for such securities and may have an adverse impact on
the value of such securities.
Collateralized
Debt Obligations. Cash flows in a CDO are split into two or more tranches,
with differing payment characteristics, credit ratings, risks, and yield. The rated tranches of CDO debt securities are generally assigned
credit ratings by one or more NRSROs. Residual tranches are the most junior and are not rated. The Fund will not invest in residual tranches
and will invest only in rated tranches of CDO debt securities. CDO debt securities are limited recourse and may not be paid in full and
may be subject to up to a 100% loss. The riskiest portion is the “equity” tranche, which bears the first loss from defaults
from the underlying pool of bonds and serves to protect the other, more senior tranches from default (though such protection is not complete).
Since it is partially protected from defaults, a senior tranche from a CDO typically has higher ratings and lower yields than its underlying
securities, and may be rated investment grade. Despite the protection from the equity tranche, CDO tranches can experience substantial
losses due to actual defaults, downgrades of the underlying collateral by rating agencies, forced liquidation of the collateral pool due
to a failure of coverage tests, increased sensitivity to defaults due to collateral default and disappearance of protecting tranches,
market anticipation of defaults as well as investor aversion to CDO securities as a class. CDOs carry additional risks including, but
not limited to: (i) the possibility that distributions from collateral securities may not be adequate to make interest or other payments;
(ii) the risk that the collateral may default or decline in value or be downgraded, if rated by an NRSRO; (iii) the Fund is
likely to invest in tranches of CDOs that are subordinate to other tranches; (iv) the structure and complexity of the transaction
and the legal documents could lead to disputes among investors regarding the characterization of proceeds; (v) the investment return
achieved by the Fund could be significantly different than those predicted by financial models; (vi) the lack of a readily available
secondary market for CDOs; (vii) the risk of forced “fire sale” liquidations due to technical defaults such as coverage
test failures; and (viii) the CDO’s manager may perform poorly.
Risk
of Leveraged Loan Market Price Decline. Prior to the onset of the financial
crisis, CLOs holding corporate loans, hedge funds and other highly leveraged investment vehicles comprised a substantial portion of the
market for purchasing and holding first and second lien secured loans. As the secondary market pricing of the loans underlying these portfolios
deteriorated during the fourth quarter of 2008, it is the Fund’s understanding that many investors, as a result of their generally
high degrees of leverage, were forced to raise cash by selling their interests in performing loans to satisfy margin requirements or the
equivalent of margin requirements imposed by their lenders. This resulted in a forced deleveraging cycle of price declines, compulsory
sales and further price declines, with widespread redemption requests and other constraints resulting from the credit crisis generating
further selling pressure.
Conditions
in the leveraged loan market may experience similar disruption or deterioration, which may cause pricing levels to similarly decline or
be volatile. As a result, the Fund may suffer unrealized depreciation and could incur realized losses in connection with the sale of the
Fund’s syndicated loans, which could have a material adverse impact on the Fund’s business, financial condition and results
of operations.
When-Issued
Securities and Forward Commitments. Securities may be purchased on a “forward
commitment” or “when-issued” basis, meaning securities are purchased or sold with payment and delivery taking place
in the future, to secure what is considered to be an advantageous price and yield at the time of entering into the transaction. However,
the return on a comparable security when the transaction is
consummated
may vary from the return on the security at the time that the forward commitment or when-issued transaction was made. From the time of
entering into the transaction until delivery and payment is made at a later date, the securities that are the subject of the transaction
are subject to market fluctuations. In forward commitment or when-issued transactions, if the seller or buyer, as the case may be, fails
to consummate the transaction, the counterparty may miss the opportunity of obtaining a price or yield considered to be advantageous.
Forward commitment or when-issued transactions may occur a month or more before delivery is due. However, no payment or delivery is made
until payment is received or delivery is made from the other party to the transaction.
Repurchase
Agreements and Reverse Repurchase Agreements Risk. Repurchase agreements carry
certain risks not associated with direct investments in securities, including a possible decline in the market value of the underlying
obligations. If their value becomes less than the repurchase price, plus any agreed-upon additional amount, the counterparty must provide
additional collateral so that at all times the collateral is at least equal to the repurchase price plus any agreed-upon additional amount.
The difference between the total amount to be received upon repurchase of the obligations and the price that was paid by the Fund upon
acquisition is accrued as interest and included in its net investment income.
Repurchase
agreements involving obligations other than U.S. Government securities (such as commercial paper and Corporate Bonds) may be subject to
special risks and may not have the benefit of certain protections in the event of the counterparty’s insolvency. In the event of
the bankruptcy or other default of a seller of a repurchase agreement, the Fund could experience both delays in liquidating the underlying
securities and losses, including (i) possible decline in the value of the underlying security during the period in which the Fund
seeks to enforce its rights thereto; (ii) possible lack of access to income on the underlying security during this period; and (iii) expenses
of enforcing its rights.
Reverse
repurchase agreements involve the risk that the buyer of the securities sold by the Fund might be unable to deliver them when the Fund
seeks to repurchase. In the event that the buyer of securities under a reverse repurchase agreement files for bankruptcy or becomes insolvent,
the buyer, trustee or receiver may receive an extension of time to determine whether to enforce the Fund’s obligation to repurchase
the securities, and the Fund’s use of the proceeds of the reverse repurchase agreement may effectively be restricted pending such
decision.
U.S.
Government Debt Securities Risk. U.S. Government debt securities historically
have not involved the credit risks associated with investments in other types of debt securities, although, as a result, the yields available
from U.S. Government debt securities are generally lower than the yields available from other securities. Like other debt securities,
however, the values of U.S. Government securities change as interest rates fluctuate and in 2011 the credit rating of the United States
was downgraded. Fluctuations in the value of portfolio securities will not affect interest income on existing portfolio securities but
will be reflected in the Fund’s NAV. Because the magnitude of these fluctuations will generally be greater at times when the Fund’s
average maturity is longer, under certain market conditions, the Fund may, for temporary defensive purposes, accept lower current income
from short-term investments rather than investing in higher yielding long-term securities.
Counterparty
Risk. The Fund’s investments may be exposed to the credit risk of the
counterparties with which, or the dealers, brokers and exchanges through which, the Fund deals, whether in exchange-traded or OTC transactions.
The Fund may be subject to the risk of loss of Fund assets on deposit or being settled or cleared with a broker in the event of the broker’s
bankruptcy, the bankruptcy of any clearing broker through which the broker executes and clears transactions on behalf of the Fund, the
bankruptcy of an exchange clearing house or the bankruptcy of any other counterparty. In the case of any such bankruptcy, it is expected
that all securities and other assets deposited with such broker or dealer will be clearly identified as being assets of the Fund and the
Fund should not be exposed to a credit risk with regard to such parties. However, it may not always be possible to achieve this and the
Fund might recover, even in respect of property specifically traceable to the Fund, only a pro rata
share of all property available for distribution to all of the counterparty’s customers and counterparties. Such an amount may be
less than the amounts owed to the Fund. Such events would have an adverse effect on the Fund’s NAV.
Liquidity
Risk. The Fund generally considers “illiquid securities” to be
securities or loans that cannot be sold within seven days in the ordinary course of business at approximately the value used by the Fund
in determining its NAV. The Fund may not be able to readily dispose of such securities or loans at prices that
approximate
those at which the Fund could sell the securities or loans if they were more widely traded and, as a result of that illiquidity, the Fund
may have to sell other investments or engage in borrowing transactions if necessary to raise cash to meet its obligations. Limited liquidity
can also affect the market price of securities, thereby adversely affecting the Fund’s NAV and ability to make dividend distributions.
Some
Syndicated Loans are not readily marketable and may be subject to restrictions on resale. Syndicated Loans generally are not listed on
any national securities exchange and no active trading market may exist for the Syndicated Loans in which the Fund may invest. When a
secondary market exists, if at all, the market for some Syndicated Loans may be subject to irregular trading activity, wide bid/ask spreads
and extended trade settlement periods. The Fund has no limitation on the amount of its assets that may be invested in securities that
are not readily marketable or are subject to restrictions on resale.
Valuation
Risk. Where possible, the Advisor utilizes independent pricing services to
value certain portfolio instruments at their market value. If the pricing services are unable to provide a market value or if a significant
event occurs such that the valuation(s) provided are deemed unreliable, the Advisor may value portfolio instrument(s) at their fair value,
which is generally the amount an owner might reasonably expect to receive upon a current sale. Valuation risks associated with investing
in Syndicated Loans including, but not limited to: a limited number of market participants compared to publicly traded investment grade
securities, a lack of publicly available information about some borrowers, resale restrictions, settlement delays, corporate actions and
adverse market conditions may make it difficult to value or sell such instruments.
A
large percentage of the Fund’s portfolio investments are not publicly traded. The fair value of investments that are not publicly
traded may not be readily determinable. The Advisor values these investments at fair value as determined in good faith. The types of factors
that may be considered in valuing the Fund’s investments include the enterprise value of the portfolio company (the entire value
of the portfolio company to a market participant, including the sum of the values of debt and equity securities used to capitalize the
enterprise at a point in time), the nature and realizable value of any collateral, the portfolio company’s ability to make payments
and its earnings and discounted cash flows, the markets in which the portfolio company does business, a comparison of the portfolio company’s
securities to similar publicly traded securities, changes in the interest rate environment and the credit markets generally that may affect
the price at which similar investments would trade in their principal markets and other relevant factors. When an external event such
as a purchase transaction, public offering or subsequent equity sale occurs, the Advisor considers the pricing indicated by the external
event to corroborate the Advisor’s valuation. Because such valuations, and particularly valuations of private investments and private
companies, are inherently uncertain, may fluctuate over short periods of time and may be based on estimates, the Advisor’s determinations
of fair value may differ materially from the values that would have been used if a ready market for these investments existed and may
differ materially from the values that the Fund may ultimately realize. The Fund’s NAV per share could be adversely affected if
the Advisor’s determinations regarding the fair value of these investments are higher than the values that the Fund realizes upon
disposition of such investments.
Leverage
Risk. The Fund intends to utilize leverage and may utilize leverage to the
maximum extent permitted by law for investment and other general corporate purposes. The Fund may obtain leverage by issuing preferred
shares and/or notes and it may also borrow funds from banks and other financial institutions. The Fund may also gain leverage synthetically
through swaps and other Derivatives. The use of leverage to purchase additional securities creates an opportunity for increased Share
dividends, but also creates risks for the Fund’s Shareholders, including increased variability of the Fund’s net income, distributions,
NAV of its Shares in relation to market changes. Leverage is a speculative technique that exposes the Fund to greater risk and increased
costs than if it were not implemented. Increases and decreases in the value of the Fund’s portfolio will be magnified if the Fund
uses leverage. In particular, leverage may magnify interest rate risk, which is the risk that the prices of portfolio securities will
fall (or rise) if market interest rates for those types of securities rise (or fall). As a result, leverage may cause greater changes
in the Fund’s NAV, which will be borne entirely by the Fund’s Shareholders, and in the price at which its Shares trade in
the secondary market. To the extent that the Fund makes investments in Syndicated Loans or other debt instruments structured with floors
based on LIBOR, SOFR, or another reference rate, the Fund will not realize additional income if rates increase during periods when LIBOR,
SOFR,
or another reference rate remains below the applicable floor but the Fund’s cost of financing is expected to increase, resulting
in the potential for a decrease in the level of income available for dividends or distributions made by the Fund. If the Fund issues preferred
shares, such as the MRP Shares, and/or notes or engages in other borrowings, it will have to pay dividends on its preferred shares or
interest on its notes or borrowings, which will increase expenses and may reduce the Fund’s return. These dividend payments or interest
expenses (which will be borne entirely by Shareholders) may be greater than the Fund’s return on the underlying investments. The
Fund’s leveraging strategy, if utilized, may not be successful.
The
Fund may issue preferred shares and/or notes or other forms of indebtedness as a form of leverage. These means of obtaining leverage would
be senior to the Fund’s Shares, such that holders of preferred shares and/or notes or other Fund indebtedness would have priority
over the Shareholders in the distribution of the Fund’s assets, including dividends, distributions of principal and liquidating
distributions. If preferred shares are issued and outstanding, holders of preferred shares would vote together with the holders of Shares
on all matters, including the election of trustees. Additionally, holders of preferred shares would have the right separately to elect
two trustees of the Fund, voting separately as a class, and would vote separately as a class on certain matters which may at times give
holders of preferred shares disproportionate influence over the Fund’s affairs. If the preferred shares were limited in their term,
redemptions of such preferred shares would require the Fund to liquidate its investments and would reduce the Fund’s use of leverage,
which could negatively impact Shareholders. Because the Fund has issued Preferred Shares and has issued other forms of indebtedness, its
ability to make distributions to its Shareholders is limited by the asset coverage requirements and other limitations imposed by the 1940
Act and the terms of the Fund’s indebtedness.
As
a closed-end management investment company, the Fund is permitted, under specified conditions, to issue senior securities that are stock
if the Fund’s asset coverage, as defined in the 1940 Act, is at least equal to 200% immediately after issuance. As defined in the
1940 Act, asset coverage of 200% means that for every $100 of net assets the Fund holds, the Fund may raise $100 from issuing senior securities.
Under the 1940 Act, the preferred stock the Fund issues, including the MRP Shares, will constitute a “senior security” for
purposes of the 200% asset coverage test. In addition, while any senior securities remain outstanding, the Fund will be required to make
provisions to prohibit any dividend distribution to the Fund’s shareholders or the repurchase of such securities or shares unless
the Fund meets the applicable asset coverage ratios at the time of the distribution or repurchase after giving effect to the distribution
or repurchase. The Fund is also permitted to borrow amounts up to 5% of the value of the Fund’s total assets for temporary purposes
without regard to asset coverage, which borrowings would not be considered senior securities, provided that any such borrowings in excess
of 5% of the value of the Fund’s total assets would be subject to the asset coverage ratio requirements of the 1940 Act, even if
for temporary purposes.
Under
the 1940 Act, the Fund is permitted to incur greater effective leverage through the use of preferred stock than through the use of debt.
As a result of the Fund’s issuance of the MRP Shares, the risk of the Fund incurring additional losses from its use of leverage
is further heightened. The Fund may also choose to add leverage through the issuance of additional Preferred Shares.
The
Fund will pay (and Shareholders will bear) all costs and expenses relating to the issuance and ongoing maintenance of any preferred shares
and/or notes or other forms of indebtedness issued by the Fund, including higher advisory fees. As a result, the Fund cannot assure you
that the issuance of preferred shares and/or notes or other forms of indebtedness will provide a higher yield or return to the holders
of the Fund’s Shares. If the Fund offers and/or issues preferred shares and/or notes or other forms of indebtedness, the costs of
the offering will be borne immediately by the Fund’s Shareholders and result in a reduction of the NAV of the Fund’s Shares.
The
Fund anticipates that any money borrowed from a bank or other financial institution for investment purposes will accrue interest based
on shorter-term interest rates that would be periodically reset. So long as the Fund’s portfolio provides a higher rate of return,
net of expenses, than the interest rate on borrowed money, as reset periodically, the leverage may cause Shareholders to receive a higher
current rate of return than if the Fund were not leveraged. If, however, long-term and/or short-term rates rise, the interest rate on
borrowed money could exceed the rate of return on securities held by the Fund, reducing returns to Shareholders. Developments in the credit
markets may adversely affect the ability of the Fund to borrow for investment purposes and may increase the costs of such borrowings,
which would reduce returns to Shareholders.
There
is no assurance that a leveraging strategy will be successful. Leverage involves risks and special considerations for Shareholders, including:
•
the
likelihood of greater volatility of NAV and dividend rate of Shares than a comparable portfolio without leverage;
•
the
risk that fluctuations in interest rates on borrowings or in dividend payments on, principal proceeds distributed to, or redemption of
any preferred shares and/or notes or other forms of indebtedness that the Fund has issued will reduce the return to the Shareholders;
•
the
effect of leverage in a declining market, which is likely to cause a greater decline in the NAV of the Fund’s Shares than if the
Fund were not leveraged;
•
when
the Fund uses financial leverage, the investment advisory fees payable to the Advisors will be higher than if the Fund did not use leverage,
and may provide a financial incentive to the Advisors to increase the Fund’s use of leverage and create an inherent conflict of
interest; and
•
leverage
may increase expenses (which will be borne entirely by Shareholders), which may reduce total return.
If
the Fund issues preferred shares and/or notes or other forms of indebtedness, the Fund may be subject to certain restrictions on investments
imposed by the guidelines of one or more rating agencies, which may issue ratings for the preferred shares and/or notes or short-term
debt securities issued by the Fund, or may be subject to covenants or other restrictions imposed by its lenders. These guidelines may
impose asset coverage or portfolio composition requirements that are more stringent than those imposed by the 1940 Act. Certain types
of borrowings by the Fund may result in the Fund being subject to covenants relating to asset coverage and portfolio composition requirements.
These covenants and restrictions may negatively affect the Fund’s ability to achieve its investment objective. The Fund is subject
to certain requirements described above in connection with its issuance of the MRP Shares.
Effects
of Leverage. The table below assumes that the Fund’s continued use of
Preferred Shares represents approximately 11.48% of the Fund’s Managed Assets, borrowings represent approximately 18.87% of the
Fund’s Managed Assets as of March 31, 2023 and the Fund bears expenses relating to such Preferred Shares and borrowings at
annual effective stated interest rates of 2.98% and 6.16%,
respectively (based on dividend rates for such Preferred Shares and interest rates for such borrowings as of a recent date). The table
below also assumes that the annual return that the Fund’s portfolio must experience (net of expenses not related to Preferred Shares
or borrowings) in order to cover the costs of such leverage would be approximately 1.42%. These figures are estimates based on current
market conditions, used for illustration purposes only. Actual expenses associated with Preferred Shares and borrowings used by the Fund
may vary frequently and may be significantly higher or lower than the rate used for the example above.
The
following table is designed to illustrate the effects of the Fund’s leverage due to senior securities on corresponding Share total
return, assuming investment portfolio total returns (consisting of income and changes in the value of investments held in the Fund’s
portfolio) of -10%, -5%, 0%, 5% and 10%.
These assumed investment portfolio returns are hypothetical figures and are not necessarily indicative of the investment portfolio returns
expected to be experienced by the Fund. Your actual returns may be greater or less than those appearing below.
|
Assumed
Return on Portfolio |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
(Net
of Expenses not related to Preferred Shares or borrowings) |
|
|
|
|
(10.00)% |
|
|
|
|
|
(5.00)% |
|
|
|
|
|
0.00% |
|
|
|
|
|
5.00% |
|
|
|
|
|
10.00% |
|
|
|
Corresponding
Share Total Return |
|
|
|
|
(17.24)% |
|
|
|
|
|
(9.69)% |
|
|
|
|
|
(2.14)% |
|
|
|
|
|
5.40% |
|
|
|
|
|
12.95% |
|
|
Corresponding
Share total return is composed of two elements — the Share dividends paid by the Fund (the amount of which is largely
determined by the net investment income of the Fund after paying dividends on Preferred Shares and interest expenses on the Fund’s
borrowings) and gains or losses on the value of the securities the Fund owns.
Warrants
Risk. Warrants give holders the right, but not the obligation, to buy common
stock of an issuer at a given price, usually higher than the market price at the time of issuance, during a specified period. The risk
of investing in a warrant is that the warrant may expire prior to the market value of the common stock exceeding the price fixed by the
warrant. Warrants have a subordinate claim on a borrower’s assets compared with Syndicated Loans. As a result, the values of warrants
generally are dependent on the financial condition of the borrower and less dependent on fluctuations in interest rates than are the values
of many debt securities. The values of warrants may be more volatile than those of Syndicated Loans or Corporate Bonds and this may increase
the volatility of the NAV of the common shares.
Contingent
Liabilities. From
time to time the Fund may incur contingent liabilities in connection with an investment. For example, the Fund may purchase a revolving
credit facility from a lender that has not yet been fully drawn. If the borrower subsequently draws down on the facility, the Fund would
be obligated to fund the amounts due. The Fund may also enter into agreements pursuant to which it agrees to assume responsibility for
default risk presented by a third party, and may, on the other hand, enter into agreements through which third parties offer default protection
to the Fund.
Cost
of Capital and Net Investment Income Risk. If the Fund uses debt to finance
investments, its net investment income may depend, in part, upon the difference between the rate at which it borrows funds and the rate
at which it invests those funds. As a result, the Fund can offer no assurance that a significant change in market interest rates will
not have a material adverse effect on the Fund’s net investment income. In periods of rising interest rates when it has debt outstanding,
the Fund’s cost of funds will increase, which could reduce the Fund’s net investment income. The Fund may use interest rate
risk management techniques in an effort to limit its exposure to interest rate fluctuations. These techniques may include various interest
rate hedging activities to the extent permitted by the 1940 Act. These activities may limit its ability to participate in the benefits
of lower interest rates with respect to the hedged portfolio. Adverse developments resulting from changes in interest rates or hedging
transactions could have a material adverse effect on the Fund’s business, financial condition and results of operations.
A
rise in the general level of interest rates can be expected to lead to higher interest rates applicable to the Fund’s debt investments,
particularly to the extent that it holds floating rate debt securities. Accordingly, an increase in interest rates would make it easier
for the Fund to meet or exceed the Incentive Fee hurdle rate and may result in a substantial increase to the amount of Incentive Fees
payable to the Advisors with respect to pre-incentive fee net investment income. See “Management and Incentive Fees.”
Distressed
Investments, Litigation, Bankruptcy and Other Proceedings Risk. Investments
in distressed securities involve a material risk of involving the Fund in a related litigation. Such litigation can be time consuming
and expensive, and can frequently lead to unpredicted delays or losses. Litigation expenses, including payments pursuant to settlements
or judgments, generally will be borne by the Fund.
There
are a number of significant risks when investing in companies involved in bankruptcy or other reorganization proceedings, and many events
in a bankruptcy are the product of contested matters and adversary proceedings which are beyond the control of the creditors. A bankruptcy
filing may have adverse and permanent effects on a company. Further, if the proceeding is converted to a liquidation, the liquidation
value of the company may not equal the liquidation value that was believed to exist at the time of the investment. In addition, the duration
of a bankruptcy or other reorganization proceeding is difficult to predict. A creditor’s return on investment can be impacted adversely
by delays while a plan of reorganization is being negotiated, approved by the creditors and, if applicable, confirmed by the bankruptcy
court, and until it ultimately becomes effective. In bankruptcy, certain claims, such as claims for taxes, wages and certain trade claims,
may have priority by law over the claims of certain creditors and administrative costs in connection with a bankruptcy proceeding are
frequently high and will be paid out of the debtor’s estate prior to any return to creditors.
Certain
fixed-income securities invested in by the Fund could be subject to U.S. federal, state or non-U.S. bankruptcy laws or fraudulent transfer
or conveyance laws, if such securities were issued with the intent of hindering, delaying or defrauding creditors or, in certain circumstances,
if the issuer receives less than reasonably equivalent value or fair consideration in return for issuing such securities. If a court were
to find that the issuance of the securities was a fraudulent transfer or conveyance, the court could void the payment obligations under
the securities, further subordinate the securities to other existing and future
indebtedness
of the issuer or require the Fund to repay any amounts received by it with respect to the securities. In the event of a finding that a
fraudulent transfer or conveyance occurred, the Fund may not receive any payment on the securities. If the Fund or the Advisors is found
to have interfered with the affairs of a company in which the Fund holds a debt investment, to the detriment of other creditors or common
shareholders of such company, the Fund may be held liable for damages to injured parties or a bankruptcy court. While the Fund will attempt
to avoid taking the types of action that would lead to such liability, there can be no assurance that such claims will not be asserted
or that the Fund will be able to successfully defend against them. Moreover, such debt may be disallowed or subordinated to the claims
of other creditors or treated as equity.
Insofar
as the Fund’s portfolio includes obligations of non-United States obligors, the laws of certain foreign jurisdictions may provide
for avoidance remedies under factual circumstances similar to those described above or under different circumstances, with consequences
that may or may not be analogous to those described above under U.S. federal or state laws. Changes in bankruptcy laws (including U.S.
federal and state laws and applicable non-United States laws) may adversely impact the Fund’s securities.
Lender
Liability Risk. A number of U.S. judicial decisions have upheld judgments of
borrowers against lending institutions on the basis of various evolving legal theories, collectively termed “lender liability”.
Generally, lender liability is founded on the premise that a lender has violated a duty (whether implied or contractual) of good faith,
commercial reasonableness and fair dealing, or a similar duty owed to the Borrower or has assumed an excessive degree of control over
the Borrower resulting in the creation of a fiduciary duty owed to the Borrower or its other creditors or shareholders. Because of the
nature of its investments, the Fund may be subject to allegations of lender liability.
In
addition, under common law principles that in some cases form the basis for lender liability claims, if a lender or bondholder (i) intentionally
takes an action that results in the undercapitalization of a Borrower to the detriment of other creditors of such Borrower; (ii) engages
in inequitable conduct to the detriment of the other creditors; (iii) engages in fraud with respect to, or makes misrepresentations
to, the other creditors; or (iv) uses its influence as a shareholder to dominate or control a Borrower to the detriment of other
creditors of the Borrower, a court may elect to subordinate the claim of the offending lender or bondholder to the claims of the disadvantaged
creditor or creditors, a remedy called “equitable subordination”.
Because
affiliates of, or persons related to, the Advisors may hold equity or other interests in obligors of the Fund, the Fund could be exposed
to claims for equitable subordination or lender liability or both based on such equity or other holdings.
Sourcing
of Suitable Assets Risk. No assurance can be given the Advisors will be able
to find enough appropriate investments that meet the Fund’s investment criteria.
Reinvestment
Risk. The Fund may reinvest the cash flows received from a security. There
is a risk that the interest rate at which interim cash flows can be reinvested will fall. Reinvestment risk is greater for longer holding
periods and for securities with large, early cash flows such as high-coupon bonds. Reinvestment risk also applies generally to the reinvestment
of the proceeds the Fund receives upon the maturity or sale of an investment in a portfolio company.
Small-Cap
and Mid-Cap Risk. The Fund may invest from time to time in smaller and midsize
companies and the securities of such portfolio companies tend to be more volatile and less liquid than those of larger companies. The
markets for these securities are also less liquid than those for larger companies. This can adversely affect the prices at which the Fund
can purchase and sell these securities, and thus the value of the Shares.
Privately
Held Middle-Market Company Risk. The Fund’s direct lending investments
primarily represent investments in privately held U.S. middle market companies. Investments in privately held middle-market companies
involve a number of significant risks, including the following:
•
these
companies may have limited financial resources and may be unable to meet their obligations, which may be accompanied by a deterioration
in the value of any collateral and a reduction in the likelihood of the Fund realizing any guarantees it may have obtained in connection
with its investment;
they
typically have shorter operating histories, narrower product lines and smaller market shares than larger businesses, which tend to render
them more vulnerable to competitors’ actions and market conditions, as well as general economic downturns;
•
they
typically depend on the management talents and efforts of a small group of persons; therefore, the death, disability, resignation or termination
of one or more of these persons could have a material adverse effect on the Fund’s portfolio company and, in turn, on us;
•
there
is generally little public information about these companies. These companies and their financial information are not subject to the Exchange
Act and other regulations that govern public companies, and the Fund may be unable to uncover all material information about these companies,
which may prevent the Fund from making a fully informed investment decision and cause us to lose money on the Fund’s investments;
•
they
generally have less predictable operating results and may require substantial additional capital to support their operations, finance
expansion or maintain their competitive position;
•
the
Fund’s executive officers, trustees and the Advisors may, in the ordinary course of business, be named as defendants in litigation
arising from the Fund’s investments in the Fund’s portfolio companies;
•
changes
in laws and regulations, as well as their interpretations, may adversely affect their business, financial structure or prospects; and
•
they
may have difficulty accessing the capital markets to meet future capital needs.
Fraud
Risk. A major concern when investing in loans and other debt securities is
the possibility of a material misrepresentation or omission on the part of the borrower. Such inaccuracy or incompleteness may adversely
affect the valuation of the collateral underlying the loans or may adversely affect the ability of the Fund to perfect or effectuate a
lien on the collateral securing the loan. The Fund relies upon the accuracy and completeness of representations made by borrowers to the
extent reasonable when it makes its investments, but cannot guarantee such accuracy or completeness. Under certain circumstances, payments
to the Fund may be reclaimed if any such payment or distribution is later determined to have been a fraudulent conveyance or a preferential
payment.
Risks
Relating to the Fund’s Investment Program
Market
and Economic Risks. The Fund and its portfolio companies may be materially
affected by market, economic and political conditions globally and in the jurisdictions and sectors in which they invest or operate, including
factors affecting interest rates, the availability of credit, currency exchange rates and trade barriers. These factors are outside the
Fund’s control and could adversely affect the liquidity and value of its investments, and may reduce the ability of the Fund to
make attractive new investments.
Trends
and historical events do not imply, forecast or predict future events and past performance is not necessarily indicative of future results.
There can be no assurance that the assumptions made or the beliefs and expectations currently held by the Advisors or their affiliates
will prove correct, and actual events and circumstances may vary significantly.
The
Fund may be subject to risk arising from a default by one of several large institutions that are dependent on one another to meet their
liquidity or operational needs, so that a default by one institution may cause a series of defaults by the other institutions. This is
sometimes referred to as “systemic risk” and may adversely affect Financial Intermediaries, such as clearing agencies, clearing
houses, banks, securities firms and exchanges, with which the Fund interacts on a daily basis.
Instability
in the credit markets has made it more difficult at certain times for a number of issuers of debt instruments to obtain financing or refinancing
for their investment or lending activities or operations. In particular, because of volatile conditions in the credit markets, issuers
of debt instruments may be subject to increased cost for debt, tightening underwriting standards and reduced liquidity for loans they
make, securities they purchase and securities they issue. Certain Borrowers may, due to macroeconomic conditions, be unable to repay their
Syndicated Loans or other debt obligations because of these conditions. A Borrower’s failure to satisfy financial or operating covenants
imposed by lenders could lead to defaults
and,
potentially, termination of the Syndicated Loans and foreclosure on the underlying secured assets, which could trigger cross-defaults
under other agreements and jeopardize a Borrower’s ability to meet its obligations under its debt instruments. The Fund may incur
expenses to the extent necessary to seek recovery upon default or to negotiate new terms with a defaulting Borrower. The Fund may also
experience a loss of principal.
These
developments also (i) may make it more difficult for the Fund to accurately value its portfolio securities or to sell its portfolio
securities on a timely basis; (ii) could adversely affect the ability of the Fund to use leverage for investment purposes and increase
the cost of such leverage, which would reduce returns to the Shareholders; and (iii) may adversely affect the broader economy, which
in turn may adversely affect the ability of issuers of securities owned by the Fund to make payments of principal and interest when due,
lead to lower credit ratings of the issuer and increased defaults by the issuer. Such developments could, in turn, reduce the value of
securities owned by the Fund and adversely affect the NAV of the Shares.
Non-U.S.
Securities Risk. The Fund may invest in securities, including direct loans,
Syndicated Loans and Subordinated Loans, of non-U.S. issuers or Borrowers. These investments involve certain risks not involved in domestic
investments and may experience more rapid and extreme changes in value than investments in securities of U.S. companies. Markets for these
investments in foreign countries often are not as developed, efficient or liquid as similar markets in the United States, and therefore,
the prices of non-U.S. securities may be more volatile. Certain foreign countries may impose restrictions on the ability of issuers of
non-U.S. securities to make payments of principal and interest to investors located outside the country, whether from currency blockage
or otherwise. In addition, the Fund will be subject to risks associated with adverse political and economic developments in foreign countries,
including seizure or nationalization of foreign deposits, different legal systems and laws relating to creditors’ rights and the
potential inability to enforce legal judgments, all of which could cause the Fund to lose money on its investments in non-U.S. securities.
Generally, there is less readily available and reliable information about non-U.S. issuers or Borrowers due to less rigorous disclosure
or accounting standards and regulatory practices. The ability of a foreign sovereign issuer to make timely payments on its debt obligations
will also be strongly influenced by the sovereign issuer’s balance of payments, including export performance, its access to international
credit facilities and investments, fluctuations of interest rates and the extent of its foreign reserves. The cost of servicing external
debt generally will also be adversely affected by rising international interest rates, as many external debt obligations bear interest
at rates that are adjusted based upon international interest rates. Investments in so-called “emerging markets” (or
lesser developed countries) are particularly speculative and entail all of the risks of investing in non-U.S. securities but to a heightened
degree. Compared to developed countries, emerging market countries may have relatively unstable governments, economies based on only a
few industries and securities markets that trade a small number of securities. Securities issued by companies located in emerging market
countries tend to be especially volatile and may be less liquid than securities traded in developed countries. Additionally, companies
in emerging market countries may not be subject to accounting, auditing, financial reporting and recordkeeping requirements that are as
robust as those in more developed countries.
Economic
sanctions may be, and have been, imposed against certain countries, organizations, companies, entities and/or individuals. Economic sanctions
and other similar governmental actions or developments could, among other things, effectively restrict or eliminate the Fund’s ability
to purchase or sell certain foreign securities or groups of foreign securities, and thus may make the Fund’s investments in such
securities less liquid or more difficult to value. Such sanctions may also cause a decline in the value of securities issued by the sanctioned
country or companies located in or economically tied to the sanctioned country. In addition, as a result of economic sanctions and other
similar governmental actions or developments, the Fund may be forced to sell or otherwise dispose of foreign investments at inopportune
times or prices.
Foreign
Currency Risk. Because the Fund may invest in securities denominated or quoted
in currencies other than the U.S. dollar, changes in foreign currency exchange rates may affect the value of securities in the Fund and
the unrealized appreciation or depreciation of investments. Currencies of certain countries may be volatile and therefore may affect the
value of securities denominated in such currencies, which means that the Fund’s NAV could decline as a result of changes in the
exchange rates between foreign currencies and the U.S. dollar. The Advisors may, but are not required to, elect for the Fund to seek
to
protect itself from changes in currency exchange rates through hedging transactions depending on market conditions. The Fund may incur
costs in connection with the conversions between various currencies. In addition, certain countries may impose foreign currency exchange
controls or other restrictions on the repatriation, transferability or convertibility of currency.
Currency
Hedging Risk. The Advisors may seek to hedge all or a portion of the Fund’s
foreign currency risk. However, the Advisors cannot guarantee that it will be practical to hedge these risks in certain markets or conditions
or that any efforts to do so will be successful.
Arbitrage
Risk. The Fund may engage in capital structure arbitrage and other arbitrage
strategies. Arbitrage strategies entail various risks, including the risk that external events, regulatory approvals and other factors
will impact the consummation of announced corporate events and/or the prices of certain positions. In addition, hedging is an important
feature of capital structure arbitrage. There is no guarantee that the Advisors will be able to hedge the Fund’s investment portfolio
in the manner necessary to employ successfully the Fund’s strategy.
Market
Disruption and Geopolitical Risk. Disease outbreaks, public health emergencies
(e.g., the coronavirus outbreak,
epidemics and other pandemics), the European sovereign debt crisis, instability in the Chinese capital markets, the effect of the United
Kingdom (the “U.K.”) leaving the European Union (the “EU”), terrorist attacks in the United States and around
the world, the impact of natural disasters, growing social and political discord in the United States, the European debt crisis, the response
of the international community — through economic sanctions and otherwise — the war in Ukraine and
Russia, increasingly strained relations between the United States and a number of foreign countries, including traditional allies, such
as certain European countries, and historical adversaries, such as North Korea, Iran, China and Russia, and the international community
generally, new and continued political unrest in various countries may result in market volatility, may have long-term adverse effects
on the United States and worldwide financial markets and may cause further economic uncertainties in the United States and worldwide.
The Fund does not know how long the financial markets may be affected by these events and cannot predict the effects of these events or
similar events in the future on the U.S. and global economies and financial markets. Wars and occupation, terrorism and related geopolitical
risks have led, and may in the future lead, to increased short-term market volatility and may have adverse long-term effects on U.S. and
global economies and markets generally. These events could have an acute effect on individual issuers or related groups of issuers. These
events could also impact interest rates, secondary trading, ratings, credit risk, inflation and other factors relating to an investment
in the Shares. During periods of market disruption, portfolio companies may be more likely to seek to draw on unfunded commitments the
Fund has made, and the risk of being unable to fund such commitments is heightened during such periods.
The
Fund may be adversely affected by abrogation of international agreements and national laws which have created the market instruments in
which the Fund may invest, failure of the designated national and international authorities to enforce compliance with the same laws and
agreements, failure of local, national and international organization to carry out their duties prescribed to them under the relevant
agreements, revisions of these laws and agreements which dilute their effectiveness or conflicting interpretation of provisions of the
same laws and agreements. Syndicated Loans and Corporate Bonds rated below investment grade and investments with similar characteristics
tend to be more volatile than investment grade fixed income securities and, as a result, these events and other market disruptions may
have a greater impact on the prices and volatility of such instruments than on investment grade fixed income securities. There can be
no assurance that such market disruptions may not have other material and adverse implications for the Syndicated Loan and Corporate Bond
markets or other markets in which the Fund may invest.
Certain
of the Fund’s portfolio companies’ businesses could be adversely affected by the effects of health pandemics or epidemics,
including the ongoing COVID-19 global pandemic, the evolution of which continues to be uncertain. Recurring COVID-19 outbreaks around
the world have heightened concerns relating to new and potentially more dangerous virus variants, which, if transmitted around the globe
could lead to the re-introduction of restrictions that were in place in 2020, 2021, and to a lesser extent in 2022, or even the adoption
of other more strict measures to combat outbreaks. Another severe outbreak of COVID-19 or another pandemic can disrupt the Fund’s
and the Fund’s portfolio companies’ businesses and materially and adversely impact the Fund’s and/or the Fund’s
portfolio companies’ financial results.
The
COVID-19 pandemic contributed to certain conditions associated with the current macroeconomic environment and caused significant disruptions
and instabilities in the global and U.S. financial markets or deteriorations in credit and financing conditions. A resurgence of COVID-19
or another pandemic with effects similar to those of COVID-19 may adversely affect the Fund’s and the Fund’s portfolio companies’
liquidity positions.
U.S.
and global markets recently have experienced increased volatility, including as a result of the recent failures of certain U.S. and non-U.S.
banks, which could be harmful to the Fund and issuers in which it invests. For example, if a bank in which the Fund or issuer has an account
fails, any cash or other assets in bank accounts may be temporarily inaccessible or permanently lost by the Fund or issuer. If a bank
that provides a subscription line credit facility, asset-based facility, other credit facility and/or other services to an issuer fails,
the issuer could be unable to draw funds under its credit facilities or obtain replacement credit facilities or other services from other
lending institutions with similar terms. Even if banks used by issuers in which the Fund invests remain solvent, continued volatility
in the banking sector could cause or intensify an economic recession, increase the costs of banking services or result in the issuers
being unable to obtain or refinance indebtedness at all or on as favorable terms as could otherwise have been obtained. Conditions in
the banking sector are evolving, and the scope of any potential impacts to the Fund and issuers, both from market conditions and also
potential legislative or regulatory responses, are uncertain. Continued market volatility and uncertainty and/or a downturn in market
and economic and financial conditions, as a result of developments in the banking industry or otherwise (including as a result of delayed
access to cash or credit facilities), could have an adverse impact on the Fund and issuers in which it invests.
U.S.
Credit Rating and European Economic Crisis Risk. In August 2011, S&P
lowered its long-term sovereign credit rating on the United States from “AAA” to “AA+,” which was re-affirmed
by S&P in June 2016. In January 2012, S&P lowered its long-term sovereign credit ratings for France, Italy, Spain and
six other European countries, which negatively impacted global markets and economic conditions. During subsequent periods, S&P further
lowered its long-term sovereign credit rating for Spain. S&P subsequently raised its long-term sovereign credit rating on Spain to
“BBB,” but its current credit rating still signifies significant ongoing risk. Recent U.S. budget deficit concerns, together
with signs of deteriorating sovereign debt conditions in Europe, have increased the possibility of additional credit-rating downgrades
and economic slowdowns. The impact of any further downgrade to the U.S. government’s sovereign credit rating, or its perceived creditworthiness,
and the impact of the current crisis in Europe with respect to the ability of certain European Union (“EU”) countries to continue
to service their sovereign debt obligations is inherently unpredictable and could adversely affect the U.S. and global financial markets
and economic conditions. In addition, the economic downturn and the significant government interventions into the financial markets and
fiscal stimulus spending over the last several years have contributed to significantly increased U.S. budget deficits. There can
be no assurance that future fiscal or monetary measures to aid economic recovery will be effective. These developments and reactions of
the credit markets to these developments could cause interest rates and borrowing costs to rise, which may negatively impact the Fund’s
ability to obtain debt financing on favorable terms. In addition, any adverse economic conditions resulting from any further downgrade
of the U.S. government’s sovereign credit rating or the economic crisis in Europe could have a material adverse effect on the Fund’s
business, financial condition and results of operations.
Government
Intervention in the Financial Markets Risk. Instability in the financial markets
has led the U.S. Government, the Federal Reserve and foreign governments and central banks around the world to take a number of unprecedented
actions designed to support certain financial institutions and segments of the financial markets that have experienced extreme volatility,
and in some cases a lack of liquidity. U.S. federal and state and foreign governments, their regulatory agencies or self-regulatory organizations
may take additional actions that affect the regulation of the securities, debt instruments or structured products in which the Fund invests,
or the issuers of such securities or structured products, in ways that are unforeseeable or not fully understood or anticipated. Governments
or their agencies may also acquire distressed assets from financial institutions and acquire ownership interests in those institutions.
The implications of government ownership and disposition of these assets are unclear, and such programs may have positive or negative
effects on the liquidity, valuation and performance of the Fund’s portfolio holdings. Furthermore, volatile financial markets can
expose the Fund to greater market and liquidity risk
and
potential difficulty in valuing portfolio instruments held by the Fund. The Advisor will monitor developments and seek to manage the Fund’s
portfolio in a manner consistent with achieving the Fund’s investment objective, but there can be no assurance that it will be successful
in doing so.
European
Risk. The Fund may invest a portion of its capital in debt securities issued
by issuers domiciled in Europe, including issuers domiciled in the U.K. Concerns regarding the sovereign debt of various Eurozone countries
and proposals for investors to incur substantial write-downs and reductions in the face value of the sovereign debt of certain countries
give rise to concerns about sovereign defaults, the possibility that one or more countries might leave the EU or the Eurozone and various
proposals (still under consideration and unclear in material respects) for support of affected countries and the Euro as a currency. The
outcome of any such situation cannot be predicted. Sovereign debt defaults and EU and/or Eurozone exits could have material adverse effects
on investments by the Fund in securities of European companies, including but not limited to the availability of credit to support such
companies’ financing needs, uncertainty and disruption in relation to financing, customer and supply contracts denominated in Euro
and wider economic disruption in markets served by those companies, while austerity and other measures that have been introduced in order
to limit or contain these issues may themselves lead to economic contraction and resulting adverse effects for the Fund. A number of the
Fund’s securities may be denominated in the Euro. Legal uncertainty about the funding of Euro denominated obligations following
any breakup or exits from the Eurozone (particularly in the case of investments in securities of companies in affected countries) could
also have material adverse effects on the Fund. The U.K. ceased to be a member state of the EU on January 31, 2020 commonly referred
to as “Brexit,” and the transition period provided for in the withdrawal agreement entered by the U.K. and the EU ended on
December 31, 2020. In December 2020, the U.K. and the EU agreed on a trade and cooperation agreement, which was subsequently
ratified by the parties. The trade and cooperation agreement covers the general objectives and framework of the relationship between the
U.K. and the EU. The impact of Brexit on the U.K. and EU and the broader global economy is unknown but could be significant and could
result in increased volatility and illiquidity and potentially lower economic growth. Brexit also may lead to greater volatility in the
global currency and financial markets, which could adversely affect the Fund. In connection with investments in non-U.S. issuers, the
Fund may engage in foreign currency exchange transactions but is not required to hedge its currency exposure. As such, the Fund makes
investments that are denominated in British pound sterling or Euros. The Fund’s assets are valued in U.S. dollars and the depreciation
of the British pound sterling and/or the Euro in relation to the U.S. dollar could adversely affect the Fund’s investments denominated
in British pound sterling or Euros that are not fully hedged regardless of the performance of the underlying issuer.
Economic
Recession or Downturn Risk. Many of the Fund’s portfolio companies may
be susceptible to economic slowdowns or recessions and may be unable to repay the Fund’s debt investments during these periods.
Therefore, the Fund’s non-performing assets are likely to increase, and the value of its portfolio is likely to decrease, during
these periods. Adverse economic conditions may also decrease the value of any collateral securing the Fund’s secured loans. A prolonged
recession may further decrease the value of such collateral and result in losses of value in the Fund’s portfolio and a decrease
in the Fund’s revenues, net income and NAV. Unfavorable economic conditions also could increase the Fund’s funding costs,
limit the Fund’s access to the capital markets or result in a decision by lenders not to extend credit to it on terms it deems acceptable.
These events could prevent the Fund from increasing investments and harm the Fund’s operating results.
Legal
and Regulatory Risks. Additionally, in August 2022, Rule 18f-4 under
the 1940 Act, regarding the ability of a registered investment company to use derivatives and other transactions that create future payment
or delivery obligations (except reverse repurchase agreements and similar financing transactions), became effective. Under the new rule,
registered investment companies that make significant use of derivatives are required to operate subject to a value-at-risk leverage limit,
adopt a derivatives risk management program and appoint a derivatives risk manager, and comply with various testing and board reporting
requirements. Such requirements may limit the ability of the Fund to invest in derivatives, short sales and similar financing transactions,
limit the Fund’s ability to employ certain strategies that use these instruments and/or adversely affect the Fund’s efficiency
in implementing its strategy, liquidity and/or ability to pursue its investment objective.
At
any time after the date of this prospectus, legislation may be enacted that could negatively affect the assets of the Fund or the issuers
of such assets. Changing approaches to regulation may have a negative impact on the entities in which the Fund invests. Legislation or
regulation may also change the way in which the Fund itself is regulated. There can be no assurance that future legislation, regulation
or deregulation will not have a material adverse effect on the Fund or will not impair the ability of the Fund to achieve its investment
objective.
Risks
Associated with Changes in LIBOR. National and international regulators and
law enforcement agencies have conducted investigations into a number of rates or indices that are deemed to be “reference rates.”
Actions by such regulators and law enforcement agencies may result in changes to the manner in which certain reference rates are determined,
their discontinuance, or the establishment of alternative reference rates. In particular, on July 27, 2017, the Chief Executive of
the U.K. Financial Conduct Authority (the “FCA”), which regulates LIBOR, announced that the FCA will no longer persuade or
compel banks to submit rates for the calculation of LIBOR after 2021.
The
U.S. Federal Reserve, in conjunction with the Alternative Reference Rates Committee (the “ARRC”), a steering committee comprised
of large U.S. financial institutions, has identified the Secured Overnight Financing Rate, (“SOFR”) as its preferred alternative
rate for LIBOR. On December 6, 2021, the ARRC released a statement selecting and recommending forms of SOFR, along with associated
spread adjustments and conforming changes, to replace references to 1-week and 2-month USD LIBOR. The Fund expects that a substantial
portion of the Fund’s future floating rate investments will be linked to SOFR. Although there have been an increasing number of
issuances utilizing SOFR or the Sterling Over Night Index Average (“SONIA”) (the GBP-LIBOR nominated replacement alternative
reference rate that is based on transactions), it is unknown whether SOFR or any other alternative reference rates will attain market
acceptance as replacements for LIBOR. Given the inherent differences between LIBOR and SOFR, or any other alternative reference rates
that may be established, the transition from LIBOR may disrupt the overall financial markets and adversely affect the market for LIBOR-based
securities, including the Fund’s portfolio of LIBOR indexed, floating rate debt securities, or the cost of the Fund’s borrowings.
In addition, changes or reforms to the determination or supervision of LIBOR may result in a sudden or prolonged increase or decrease
in reported LIBOR, which could have an adverse impact on the market for LIBOR-based securities, including the value and/or transferability
of the LIBOR indexed, floating rate debt securities in the Fund’s portfolio, or the cost of the Fund’s borrowings.
Additionally,
if as currently expected LIBOR ceases to exist, the Fund may need to renegotiate the credit agreements extending beyond June 30,
2023 with its credit facility lenders and portfolio companies that utilize LIBOR as a factor in determining the interest rate to replace
LIBOR with SOFR or other alternative reference rates, which could require the Fund to incur significant time and expense and may subject
the Fund to disputes or litigation over the appropriateness or comparability to the relevant replacement reference index.
Risks
Associated with Commodity Futures Trading Commission Regulation. The Sub-Advisor
claims an exclusion from the definition of the term “commodity pool operator” in accordance with Commodity Futures Trading
Commission (“CFTC”) Regulation 4.5 so that the Sub-Advisor is not subject to registration or regulation as a CPO under
the CEA with respect to the Fund. In order to maintain the exclusion for the Sub-Advisor, the Fund must invest no more than a prescribed
level of its liquidation value in certain futures, certain swap contracts and certain other Derivatives subject to the CEA’s jurisdiction,
and the Fund must not market itself as providing investment exposure to such instruments. If the Fund’s investments no longer qualify
the Sub-Advisor for the exclusion, the Sub-Advisor may be subject to the CFTC’s CPO registration requirements with respect to the
Fund, and the disclosure and operations of the Fund would need to comply with all applicable regulations governing commodity pools registered
as investment companies under the 1940 Act and commodity pool operators. Compliance with the additional registration and regulatory requirements
may increase operating expenses. Other potentially adverse regulatory initiatives could also develop.
Inflation
and Deflation Risk. Inflation risk is the risk that the value of certain assets
or income from the Fund’s investments will be worth less in the future as inflation decreases the value of money. As inflation increases,
the real value of investments and distributions can decline. In addition, during any
periods
of rising inflation, the dividend rates or borrowing costs associated with the Fund’s use of leverage would likely increase, which
would tend to further reduce returns to Shareholders. Deflation risk is the risk that prices throughout the economy decline over time — the
opposite of inflation. Deflation may have an adverse effect on the creditworthiness of issuers and may make issuer defaults more likely,
which may result in a decline in the value of the Fund’s portfolio.
Interest
Rate Risk. The market value of Corporate Bonds and other fixed-income securities
changes in response to interest rate changes and other factors. Interest rate risk is the risk that prices of bonds and other fixed-income
securities will increase as interest rates fall and decrease as rates rise. Accordingly, an increase in market interest rates may cause
a decrease in the price of a debt security and, therefore, a decline in the net asset value of the Fund’s Shares. The magnitude
of these fluctuations in the market price of bonds and other fixed-income securities is generally greater for those securities with longer
maturities. Because Syndicated Loans with floating or variable rates reset their interest rates periodically, changes in prevailing interest
rates can be expected to cause some fluctuations in the Fund’s NAV. Similarly, an increase in market interest rates may cause a
decline in the Fund’s NAV. In addition, Syndicated Loans or similar loans or securities may allow the Borrower to opt between LIBOR-based
interest rates, SOFR-based interest rates and interest rates based on bank prime rates, which may have an effect on the Fund’s NAV.
If
general interest rates rise, as they have in recent years, there is a risk that the portfolio companies in which the Fund holds floating
rate securities will be unable to pay escalating interest amounts, which could result in a default under their loan documents. Rising
interest rates could also cause portfolio companies to shift cash from other productive uses to the payment of interest, which may have
a material adverse effect on their business and operations and could, over time, lead to increased defaults. In addition, rising interest
rates may increase pressure on the Fund to provide fixed rate loans to the Fund’s portfolio companies, which could adversely affect
the Fund’s net investment income, as increases in the cost of borrowed funds would not be accompanied by increased interest income
from such fixed-rate investments.
Investment
Terms and Timeframe Risk. Delays in investing the net proceeds of this offering
may impair the Fund’s performance. The Fund cannot assure investors that it will be able to identify any investments that meet the
Fund’s investment objective or that any investment that the Fund makes will produce a positive return. The Fund may be unable to
invest its assets on acceptable terms within the time period that it anticipates or at all, which could harm the Fund’s financial
condition and results of operations.
Prior
to investing in securities of portfolio companies, the Fund may invest primarily in cash, cash equivalents, U.S. government securities,
repurchase agreements and high-quality debt instruments maturing in one year or less from the time of investment, which may produce returns
that are significantly lower than the returns which it expects to achieve when the Fund’s portfolio is fully invested in securities
meeting its investment objective. As a result, any distributions that the Fund pays while its portfolio is not fully invested in securities
meeting its investment objective may be lower than the distributions that the Fund may be able to pay when its portfolio is fully invested
in securities meeting its investment objective.
Restrictions
on Entering into Affiliated Transactions. The Advisors may enter into transactions
and invest in securities, instruments and currencies on behalf of the Fund in which customers of its affiliates, to the extent permitted
by applicable law, serve as the counterparty, principal or issuer. In such cases, such party’s interests in the transaction could
be adverse to the interests of the Fund, and such party may have no incentive to assure that the Fund obtains the best possible prices
or terms in connection with the transaction. In addition, the purchase, holding and sale of such investments by the Fund may enhance the
profitability of the Advisors or their affiliates. One or more affiliates may also create, write or issue Derivatives for their customers,
the underlying securities, currencies or instruments of which may be those in which the Fund invests or which may be based on the performance
of the Fund. The Fund may, subject to applicable law, purchase investments that are the subject of an underwriting or other distribution
by one or more of the Advisors affiliates and may also enter into transactions with other clients of an affiliate where such other clients
have interests adverse to those of the Fund. By reason of the various activities of the Advisors and their affiliates, the Advisors and
such affiliates may acquire confidential or material non-public information or otherwise be restricted from purchasing certain potential
Fund investments that otherwise might have been purchased or be restricted from selling certain Fund investments that might otherwise
have been sold at the time.
Lack
of Funds to Make Additional Investments Risk. The Fund may not have the funds
or ability to make additional investments in its portfolio companies. After the Fund’s initial investment in a portfolio company,
it may be called upon from time to time to provide additional funds to such company or have the opportunity to increase its investment
through the exercise of a warrant to purchase common shares. There is no assurance that the Fund will make, or will have sufficient funds
to make, follow-on investments. Any decisions not to make a follow-on investment or any inability on the Fund’s part to make such
an investment may have a negative impact on a portfolio company in need of such an investment, may result in a missed opportunity for
the Fund to increase its participation in a successful operation or may reduce the expected return on the investment.
Uncertain
Exit Strategies. Due to the illiquid nature of some of the positions that the
Fund is expected to acquire, as well as the risks associated with the Fund’s investment strategies, the Fund is unable to predict
with confidence what the exit strategy may ultimately be for any given investment, or that one will definitely be available. Exit strategies
which appear to be viable when an investment is initiated may be precluded by the time the investment is ready to be realized due to economic,
legal, political or other factors.
Other
Risks Relating to the Fund
Advisor
Risk. The Advisor utilizes the resources of Ares’ U.S. and European credit
teams who manage direct lending, syndicated loan, corporate bond, opportunistic credit and structured credit investment strategies for
the Ares Credit Group as well as the real estate debt and stressed/distressed investment teams. The Fund’s portfolio management
team is comprised of members of Ares’ Credit Group. The Advisor intends to use the resources of Ares. There can be no assurance
that any such investment professionals will remain employed by Ares or if employed, will remain involved with the Advisors’ performance
obligations. The Advisor is a joint venture and conflicts could arise between the parties to the joint venture that could impact the Advisor’s
ability to perform its duties.
Senior
Management Personnel of the Advisors. Since the Fund has no employees, it depends
on the investment expertise, skill and network of business contacts of the Advisors. The Advisors evaluate, negotiate, structure, execute,
monitor and service the Fund’s investments. The Fund’s future success depends to a significant extent on the continued service
and coordination of the Advisors and their senior management team. The departure of any members of the Advisors’ senior management
team could have a material adverse effect on the Fund’s ability to achieve its investment objective.
The
Fund’s ability to achieve its investment objective depends on the Advisors’ ability to identify, analyze, invest in, finance
and monitor companies that meet the Fund’s investment criteria. The Advisors’ capabilities in managing the investment process,
providing competent, attentive and efficient services to the Fund, and facilitating access to financing on acceptable terms depend on
the employment of investment professionals in an adequate number and of adequate sophistication to match the corresponding flow of transactions.
To achieve the Fund’s investment objective, the Advisors may need to hire, train, supervise and manage new investment professionals
to participate in the Fund’s investment selection and monitoring process. The Advisors may not be able to find investment professionals
in a timely manner or at all. Failure to support the Fund’s investment process could have a material adverse effect on the Fund’s
business, financial condition and results of operations.
In
addition, the Investment Advisory Agreement has termination provisions that allow the parties to terminate the agreements without penalty.
The Investment Advisory Agreement, Investment Sub-Advisory Agreement and the CAM Administration Agreement may be terminated at any time,
without penalty, by the Advisors upon 60 days’ notice to the Fund. If either agreement is terminated, it may adversely affect
the quality of the Fund’s investment opportunities. In addition, in the event such agreements are terminated, it may be difficult
for the Fund to replace the Advisors. Furthermore, the termination of either of these agreements may adversely impact the terms of the
Fund’s or its subsidiaries’ financing facilities or any financing facility into which the Fund or its subsidiaries may enter
in the future, which could have a material adverse effect on the Fund’s business and financial condition.
Key
Personnel Risk. The Advisor depends on the diligence, skill and network of
business contacts of certain Ares Credit Group and CION professionals. The Advisor also depends, to a significant extent, on access to
other investment professionals within Ares and CION and the information and deal flow
generated
by these investment professionals in the course of their investment and portfolio management activities. The Fund’s success depends
on the continued service of such personnel. The investment professionals associated with the Advisors are actively involved in other investment
activities not concerning the Fund and will not be able to devote all of their time to the Fund’s business and affairs. The departure
of any of the senior managers of the Advisors, or of a significant number of the investment professionals or partners of the Advisors’
affiliates, could have a material adverse effect on the Fund’s ability to achieve its investment objective. Individuals not currently
associated with the Advisors may become associated with the Fund and the performance of the Fund may also depend on the experience and
expertise of such individuals. In addition, there is no assurance that the Advisors will remain the Fund’s investment advisor or
that the Advisors will continue to have access to the investment professionals and partners of its affiliates and the information and
deal flow generated by the investment professionals of its affiliates.
Ares
and CION Relationships. The Fund expects that Ares and CION will depend on
their existing relationships with private equity sponsors, investment banks and commercial banks, and the Fund expects to rely to a significant
extent upon these relationships for purposes of potential investment opportunities. If Ares or CION fails to maintain their existing relationships
or develop new relationships with other sources or sponsors of investment opportunities, the Fund may not be able to expand its investment
portfolio. In addition, individuals with whom Ares and CION have relationships are not obligated to provide the Fund with investment opportunities
and, therefore, there is no assurance that such relationships will generate investment opportunities for the Fund.
The
Advisors’ Incentive Fee Risk. The Investment Advisory Agreement and Investment
Sub-Advisory Agreement entitle the Advisors to receive incentive compensation on income regardless of any capital losses. In such case,
the Fund may be required to pay the Advisors incentive compensation for a fiscal quarter even if there is a decline in the value of the
Fund’s portfolio or if the Fund incurs a net loss for that quarter.
Any
Incentive Fee payable by the Fund that relates to its net investment income may be computed and paid on income that may include interest
that has been accrued but not yet received. If a portfolio company defaults on a loan that is structured to provide accrued interest,
it is possible that accrued interest previously included in the calculation of the Incentive Fee will become uncollectible. The Advisors
are not under any obligation to reimburse the Fund for any part of the Incentive Fee they received that was based on accrued income that
the Fund never received as a result of a default by an entity on the obligation that resulted in the accrual of such income, and such
circumstances would result in the Fund’s paying an Incentive Fee on income it never received.
The
Incentive Fee payable by the Fund to the Advisors may create an incentive for them to make investments on the Fund’s behalf that
are risky or more speculative than would be the case in the absence of such compensation arrangement. The way in which the Incentive Fee
payable to the Advisors is determined may encourage them to use leverage to increase the return on the Fund’s investments. In addition,
the fact that the Management Fee is payable based upon the Fund’s average daily gross assets, which would include any borrowings
for investment purposes, may encourage the Advisors to use leverage to make additional investments. Under certain circumstances, the use
of leverage may increase the likelihood of default, which would disfavor Shareholders. Such a practice could result in the Fund’s
investing in more speculative securities than would otherwise be in its best interests, which could result in higher investment losses,
particularly during cyclical economic downturns.
Shares
Not Listed; No Market for Shares. The Fund has been organized as a closed-end
management investment company. Closed-end funds differ from open-end management investment companies (commonly known as mutual funds)
because investors in a closed-end fund do not have the right to redeem their shares on a daily basis. Unlike most closed-end funds, which
typically list their shares on a securities exchange, the Fund does not currently intend to list the Shares for trading on any securities
exchange, and the Fund does not expect any secondary market to develop for the Shares in the foreseeable future. Therefore, an investment
in the Fund, unlike an investment in a typical closed-end fund, is not a liquid investment.
Closed-end
Interval Fund; Liquidity Risks. The Fund is a diversified, closed-end management
investment company structured as an “interval fund” and designed primarily for long-term investors. The Fund is not intended
to be a typical traded investment. There is no secondary market for the Fund’s Shares
and
the Fund expects that no secondary market will develop. An investor should not invest in the Fund if the investor needs a liquid investment.
Closed-end funds differ from open-end management investment companies, commonly known as mutual funds, in that investors in a closed-end
fund do not have the right to redeem their shares on a daily basis at a price based on NAV. Although the Fund, as a fundamental policy,
will make quarterly offers to repurchase at least 5% and up to 25% of its outstanding Shares at NAV, the number of Shares tendered in
connection with a repurchase offer may exceed the number of Shares the Fund has offered to repurchase, in which case not all of your Shares
tendered in that offer will be repurchased. In connection with any given repurchase offer, it is expected the Fund will offer to repurchase
only the minimum amount of 5% of its outstanding Shares. Hence, you may not be able to sell your Shares when and/or in the amount that
you desire.
Competition
for Investment Opportunities. The Fund competes for investments with other
closed-end funds and investment funds, as well as traditional financial services companies such as commercial banks and other sources
of funding. Moreover, alternative investment vehicles, such as hedge funds, have begun to invest in areas in which they have not traditionally
invested. As a result of these new entrants, competition for investment opportunities may intensify. Many of the Fund’s competitors
are substantially larger and may have considerably greater financial, technical and marketing resources than the Fund. For example, some
competitors may have a lower cost of capital and access to funding sources that are not available to the Fund. In addition, some of the
Fund’s competitors may have higher risk tolerances or different risk assessments than it has. These characteristics could allow
the Fund’s competitors to consider a wider variety of investments, establish more relationships and pay more competitive prices
for investments than it is able to do. The Fund may lose investment opportunities if it does not match its competitors’ pricing.
If the Fund is forced to match its competitors’ pricing, it may not be able to achieve acceptable returns on its investments or
may bear substantial risk of capital loss. A significant increase in the number and/or the size of the Fund’s competitors could
force it to accept less attractive investment terms. Furthermore, many of the Fund’s competitors have greater experience operating
under, or are not subject to, the regulatory restrictions that the 1940 Act imposes on it as a closed-end fund.
“Best-Efforts”
Offering Risk. This offering is being made on a best efforts basis, whereby
the Distributor is only required to use its best efforts to sell the Shares and has no firm commitment or obligation to purchase any of
the Shares. To the extent that less than the maximum number of Shares is subscribed for, the opportunity for the allocation of the Fund’s
investments among various issuers and industries may be decreased, and the returns achieved on those investments may be reduced as a result
of allocating all of the Fund’s expenses over a smaller capital base.
Inadequate
Return Risk. No assurance can be given that the returns on the Fund’s
investments will be commensurate with the risk of investment in the Shares.
Inadequate
Network of Broker-Dealer Risk. The success of the Fund’s continuous public
offering, and correspondingly the Fund’s ability to implement its investment objective and strategies, depends upon the ability
of the Distributor and the Advisor to establish, operate and maintain a network of Selected Broker-Dealers to sell the Shares. If the
Distributor or the Advisor fails to perform, the Fund may not be able to raise adequate proceeds through the Fund’s continuous public
offering to implement the Fund’s investment objective and strategies. If the Fund is unsuccessful in implementing its investment
objective and strategies, an investor could lose all or a part of his or her investment in the Fund.
Repurchase
Offers Risks. As described under “Share Repurchase Program,” the
Fund is an “interval fund” and, to provide some liquidity to Shareholders, makes quarterly offers to repurchase between 5%
and 25% of its outstanding Shares at NAV, pursuant to Rule 23c-3 under the 1940 Act. The Fund believes that these repurchase offers
are generally beneficial to the Fund’s Shareholders, and generally are funded from available cash or sales of portfolio securities.
However, the repurchase of Shares by the Fund decreases the assets of the Fund and, therefore, may have the effect of increasing the Fund’s
expense ratio. Repurchase offers and the need to fund repurchase obligations may also affect the ability of the Fund to be fully invested
or force the Fund to maintain a higher percentage of its assets in liquid investments, which may harm the Fund’s investment
performance. Moreover, diminution in the size of the Fund through repurchases may result in untimely sales of portfolio securities, and
may limit the ability of the Fund to participate in new investment opportunities. If the Fund uses leverage, repurchases of Shares may
compound
the adverse effects of leverage in a declining market. In addition, if the Fund borrows money to finance repurchases, interest on that
borrowing will negatively affect Shareholders who do not tender their Shares by increasing Fund expenses and reducing any net investment
income. Certain Shareholders may from time to time own or control a significant percentage of the Fund’s Shares. Repurchase
requests by these Shareholders of these Shares of the Fund may cause repurchases to be oversubscribed, with the result that Shareholders
may only be able to have a portion of their Shares repurchased in connection with any repurchase offer. If a repurchase offer is oversubscribed
and the Fund determines not to repurchase additional Shares beyond the repurchase offer amount, or if Shareholders tender an amount of
Shares greater than that which the Fund is entitled to purchase, the Fund will repurchase the Shares tendered on a pro rata basis,
and Shareholders will have to wait until the next repurchase offer to make another repurchase request. Shareholders will be subject to
the risk of NAV fluctuations during that period. Thus, there is also a risk that some Shareholders, in anticipation of proration, may
tender more Shares than they wish to have repurchased in a particular quarter, thereby increasing the likelihood that proration will occur.
The NAV of Shares tendered in a repurchase offer may fluctuate between the date a Shareholder submits a repurchase request and the Repurchase
Request Deadline, and to the extent there is any delay between the Repurchase Request Deadline and the Repurchase Pricing Date. The NAV
on the Repurchase Request Deadline or the Repurchase Pricing Date may be higher or lower than on the date a Shareholder submits a repurchase
request. See “Share Repurchase Program.”
Distribution
Payment Risk. The Fund cannot assure investors that the Fund will achieve investment
results that will allow the Fund to make a specified level of cash distributions or year-to-year increases in cash distributions. All
distributions will be paid at the discretion of the Board and may depend on the Fund’s earnings, the Fund’s net investment
income, the Fund’s financial condition, maintenance of the Fund’s and the Fund’s RIC status, compliance with applicable
regulations and such other factors as the Board may deem relevant from time to time.
In
the event that the Fund encounters delays in locating suitable investment opportunities, all or a substantial portion of the Fund’s
distributions may constitute a return of capital to Shareholders. To the extent that the Fund pays distributions that constitute a return
of capital for U.S. federal income tax purposes, it will lower an investor’s tax basis in his or her Shares. A return of capital
generally is a return of an investor’s investment, rather than a return of earnings or gains derived from the Fund’s investment
activities, and generally results in a reduction of the tax basis in the Shares. As a result from such reduction in tax basis, Shareholders
may be subject to tax in connection with the sale of Fund Shares, even if such Shares are sold at a loss relative to the Shareholder’s
original investment.
Risks
Associated with the Fund Distribution Policy. The Fund intends to make
regular distributions. Currently, in order to maintain a relatively stable level of distributions, the Fund may pay out less than all
of its net investment income to the extent consistent with maintaining its ability to be subject to tax as a RIC under the Code, pay out
undistributed income from prior months, return capital in addition to current period net investment income or borrow money to fund
distributions. The distributions for any full or partial calendar year might not be made in equal amounts, and one distribution may be
larger than the other. The Fund will make a distribution only if authorized by the Board and declared by the Fund out of assets legally
available for these distributions. This distribution policy may, under certain circumstances, have certain adverse consequences to the
Fund and its Shareholders because it may result in a return of capital, which would reduce the NAV of the Shares and, over time, potentially
increase the Fund’s expense ratio. If a distribution constitutes a return of capital, it means that the Fund is returning to Shareholders
a portion of their investment rather than making a distribution that is funded from the Fund’s earned income or other profits. The
Fund’s distribution policy may be changed at any time by the Board.
There
is a possibility that the Fund may make total distributions during a calendar or taxable year in an amount that exceeds the Fund’s
net investment company taxable income and net capital gains for the relevant taxable year. In such situations, if a distribution exceeds
the Fund’s current and accumulated earnings and profits (as determined for U.S. federal income tax purposes), a portion of each
distribution paid with respect to such taxable year would generally be treated as a return of capital for U.S. federal income tax purposes,
thereby reducing the amount of a Shareholder’s tax basis in such Shareholder’s Fund Shares. When a Shareholder sells
Fund Shares, the amount, if any, by which the sales price exceeds the Shareholder’s tax basis in Fund Shares may be treated
as a gain subject to tax. Because a return of
capital
reduces a Shareholder’s tax basis in Fund Shares, it generally will increase the amount of such Shareholder’s gain or
decrease the amount of such Shareholder’s loss when such Shareholder sells Fund Shares. To the extent that the amount of any
return of capital distribution exceeds a Shareholder’s tax basis in Fund Shares, such excess generally will be treated as gain
from a sale or exchange of the shares.
Because
the Fund has issued Preferred Shares and has issued other forms of indebtedness, its ability to make distributions to its Shareholders
is limited by the asset coverage requirements and other limitations imposed by the 1940 Act and the terms of the Fund’s indebtedness.
Investment
Dilution Risk. The Fund’s investors do not have preemptive rights to
any Shares the Fund may issue in the future. The Fund’s amended and restated declaration of trust (the “Declaration of Trust”)
authorizes it to issue an unlimited number of Shares. The Board may amend the Declaration of Trust. After an investor purchases Shares,
the Fund may sell additional Shares in the future or issue equity interests in private offerings. To the extent the Fund issues additional
equity interests after an investor purchases its Shares, such investor’s percentage ownership interest in the Fund will be
diluted.
Anti-Takeover
Risk. The Declaration of Trust and bylaws, as well as certain statutory and
regulatory requirements, contain certain provisions that may have the effect of discouraging a third party from attempting to acquire
it. Subject to the limitations of the 1940 Act, the Board may, without Shareholder action, authorize the issuance of shares in one or
more classes or series, including Preferred Shares; and the Board may, without Shareholder action, amend the Declaration of Trust. These
anti-takeover provisions may inhibit a change of control in circumstances that could give Shareholders the opportunity to realize a premium
over the value of the Shares.
Conflicts
of Interest Risk. The Fund is a party to the Investment Advisory Agreement
with CAM, and the Investment Sub-Advisory Agreement with Ares Capital, entities in which certain of the Fund’s trustees, officers
and members of the investment committee of the Advisors may have indirect ownership and pecuniary interests. Certain of the Fund’s
trustees and officers and members of the investment committee of the Advisors also serve as officers or principals of other investment
managers affiliated with the Advisors that currently, and may in the future, manage investment funds with investment objectives similar
to the Fund’s investment objective. In addition, certain of Fund’s officers and trustees and the members of the investment
committee of the Advisors serve or may serve as officers, trustees or principals of entities that operate in the same or related line
of business as the Fund does or of investment funds managed by the Fund’s affiliates. Accordingly, the Fund may not be made aware
of and/or given the opportunity to participate in certain investments made by investment funds managed by advisors affiliated with the
Advisors. However, the Advisors intend to allocate investment opportunities in a fair and equitable manner in accordance with the Advisors’
investment allocation policy.
Pursuant
to the terms of the CAM Administration Agreement, CAM provides the Fund with certain administrative and other services necessary to conduct
the Fund’s day-to-day operations, and the Fund reimburses CAM, at cost, for the Fund’s allocable portion of overhead and other
expenses (including travel expenses) incurred by CAM in performing its obligations under the CAM Administration Agreement, including the
Fund’s allocable portion of the cost of certain of the Fund’s officers (including but not limited to the chief compliance
officer, chief financial officer, chief accounting officer, general counsel, secretary and treasurer) and their respective staffs, but
not investment professionals. See “Conflicts of Interest.”
Potential
Conflicts of Interest Risk — Allocation of Investment Opportunities. The
Advisors have adopted allocation procedures that are intended to treat each fund they advise in a manner that, over a period of time,
is fair and equitable. Ares and CION currently provide investment advisory and administration services and may provide in the future similar
services to other entities (collectively, “Advised Funds”). Certain existing Advised Funds have, and future Advised Funds
may have, investment objectives similar to those of the Fund, and such Advised Funds will invest in asset classes similar to those targeted
by the Fund. Certain other existing Advised Funds do not, and future Advised Funds may not, have similar investment objectives, but such
funds may from time to time invest in asset classes similar to those targeted by the Fund. The Advisors will endeavor to allocate investment
opportunities in a fair and equitable manner, and in any event consistent with any fiduciary duties owed to the Fund and other clients
and in an effort to avoid favoring one client over another and taking into account all relevant facts and circumstances,
including
(without limitation): (i) differences with respect to available capital, size of client, and remaining life of a client; (ii) differences
with respect to investment objectives or current investment strategies, including regarding: (a) current and total return requirements,
(b) emphasizing or limiting exposure to the security or type of security in question, (c) diversification, including industry
or company exposure, currency and jurisdiction, or (d) rating agency ratings; (iii) differences in risk profile at the time
an opportunity becomes available; (iv) the potential transaction and other costs of allocating an opportunity among various clients;
(v) potential conflicts of interest, including whether a client has an existing investment in the security in question or the issuer
of such security; (vi) the nature of the security or the transaction, including minimum investment amounts and the source of the
opportunity; (vii) current and anticipated market and general economic conditions; (viii) existing positions in a Borrower/loan/security;
and (ix) prior positions in a Borrower/loan/security. Nevertheless, it is possible that the Fund may not be given the opportunity
to participate in certain investments made by investment funds managed by investment managers affiliated with the Advisors.
The
Advisors may determine that the Fund should invest on a side-by-side basis with one or more Advised Funds. In certain circumstances, negotiated
co-investments may be made only in accordance with the terms of the exemptive order Ares received from the SEC (the “Order”).
Co-investments made under the Order are subject to compliance with the conditions and other requirements contained in the Order, which
could limit the Fund’s ability to participate in a co-investment transaction.
In
the event investment opportunities are allocated among the Fund and the other Advised Funds, the Fund may not be able to structure its
investment portfolio in the manner desired. Although the Advisors endeavor to allocate investment opportunities in a fair and equitable
manner, the Fund is not generally permitted to co-invest in any portfolio company in which a fund managed by Ares or any of its downstream
affiliates (other than the Fund and its downstream affiliates) currently has an investment. However, the Fund may co-invest with funds
managed by Ares or any of its downstream affiliates, subject to compliance with existing regulatory guidance, applicable regulations and
its allocation procedures. Furthermore, the Fund and the other Advised Funds may make investments in securities where the prevailing trading
activity may make impossible the receipt of the same price or execution on the entire volume of securities purchased or sold by the Fund
and the other Advised Funds. When this occurs, the various prices may be averaged, and the Fund will be charged or credited with the average
price. Thus, the effect of the aggregation may operate on some occasions to the disadvantage of the Fund. In addition, under certain circumstances,
the Fund may not be charged the same commission or commission equivalent rates in connection with a bunched or aggregated order.
It
is likely that the other Advised Funds may make investments in the same or similar securities at different times and on different terms
than the Fund. The Fund and the other Advised Funds may make investments at different levels of a Borrower’s capital structure or
otherwise in different classes of a Borrower’s securities, to the extent permitted by applicable law. Such investments may inherently
give rise to conflicts of interest or perceived conflicts of interest between or among the various classes of securities that may be held
by such entities. Conflicts may also arise because portfolio decisions regarding the Fund may benefit the other Advised Funds. For example,
the sale of a long position or establishment of a short position by the Fund may impair the price of the same security sold short by (and
therefore benefit) one or more Advised Funds, and the purchase of a security or covering of a short position in a security by the Fund
may increase the price of the same security held by (and therefore benefit) one or more Advised Funds.
Applicable
law, including the 1940 Act, may at times prevent the Fund from being able to participate in investments that it otherwise would participate
in, and may require the Fund to dispose of investments at a time when it otherwise would not dispose of such investment, in each case,
in order to comply with applicable law.
The
Advisors, their affiliates and their clients may pursue or enforce rights with respect to a Borrower in which the Fund has invested, and
those activities may have an adverse effect on the Fund. As a result, prices, availability, liquidity and terms of the Fund’s investments
may be negatively impacted by the activities of the Advisors and their affiliates or their clients, and transactions for the Fund may
be impaired or effected at prices or terms that may be less favorable than would otherwise have been the case.
The
Advisors may have a conflict of interest in deciding whether to cause the Fund to incur leverage or to invest in more speculative investments
or financial instruments, thereby potentially increasing the management and incentive fee payable by the Fund and, accordingly, the fees
received by the Advisors. Certain other Advised Funds pay the Advisors or their affiliates greater performance-based compensation, which
could create an incentive for the Advisors or an affiliate to favor such investment fund or account over the Fund.
Potential
Conflicts of Interest Risk — Allocation of Personnel. The
Fund’s executive officers and trustees, and the employees of the Advisors, serve or may serve as officers, directors or principals
of entities that operate in the same or a related line of business as the Fund or of investment funds or accounts managed by the Advisors
or their affiliates. As a result, they may have obligations to investors in those entities, the fulfillment of which might not be in the
best interests of the Fund or its Shareholders. Additionally, certain personnel of the Advisors and their management may face conflicts
in their time management and commitments.
Potential
Conflicts of Interest Risk — Lack of Information Barriers. By
reason of the various activities of the Advisors and their affiliates, the Advisors and such affiliates may acquire confidential or material
non-public information or otherwise be restricted from purchasing certain potential Fund investments that otherwise might have been purchased
or be restricted from selling certain Acquiring Fund investments that might otherwise have been sold at the time.
Portfolio
Fair Value Risk. Under the 1940 Act, the Fund is required to carry its portfolio
investments at market value or, if there is no readily available market value, at fair value. There is not a public market for the securities
of the privately held companies in which the Fund may invest. Many of the Fund’s investments are not exchange-traded, but are, instead,
traded on a privately negotiated OTC secondary market for institutional investors. The Advisor, as valuation designee, is responsible
for the valuation of the Fund’s portfolio investments and implementing the portfolio valuation process set forth in the Advisor’s
valuation policy to management. Valuations of Fund investments are disclosed quarterly in reports publicly filed with the SEC. See “Determination
of Net Asset Value.”
Certain
factors that may be considered in determining the fair value of the Fund’s investments include dealer quotes for securities traded
on the OTC secondary market for institutional investors, the nature and realizable value of any collateral, the portfolio company’s
earnings and its ability to make payments on its indebtedness, the markets in which the portfolio company does business, comparison to
comparable publicly-traded companies, discounted cash flow and other relevant factors. Because such valuations, and particularly valuations
of private securities and private companies, are inherently uncertain, may fluctuate over short periods of time and may be based on estimates,
determinations of fair value may differ materially from the values that would have been used if an exchange-traded market for these securities
existed. Due to this uncertainty, the Advisor’s fair value determinations may cause the Fund’s NAV on a given date to materially
understate or overstate the value that it may ultimately realize upon the sale of one or more of its investments.
Portfolio
Turnover Risk. The Fund’s annual portfolio turnover rate may vary greatly
from year to year, as well as within a given year. However, portfolio turnover rate is not considered a limiting factor in the execution
of investment decisions for the Fund. High portfolio turnover may result in the realization of net short-term capital gains by the Fund
which, when distributed to the Fund and, ultimately, Shareholders, will be taxable as ordinary income. In addition, a higher portfolio
turnover rate results in correspondingly greater brokerage commissions and other transactional expenses that are borne by the Fund.
General
Risks Associated with Derivatives. Although the Fund does not expect Derivatives
to represent a significant component of its portfolio initially, the Fund may use Derivatives including, in particular, swaps (including,
total return swaps), synthetic collateralized loan obligations, reverse repurchase agreements and other similar transactions, in seeking
to achieve its investment objective or for other reasons, such as cash management, financing activities or to hedge its positions. Accordingly,
Derivatives may be used in limited instances as a form of leverage or to seek to enhance returns, including speculation on changes in
credit spreads, interest rates or other characteristics of the market, individual securities or groups of securities. If the Fund invests
in a Derivative for speculative purposes, which the Fund does not
initially
intend to do, the Fund will be fully exposed to the risks of loss of that Derivative, which may sometimes be greater than the Derivative’s
cost. The use of Derivatives may involve substantial leverage. The use of Derivatives may subject the Fund to the following risks, including
but not limited to:
>
Credit
risk — the risk that the counterparty in a Derivative transaction will be unable to honor
its financial obligation to the Fund, or the risk that the reference entity in a credit default swap or similar Derivative will not be
able to honor its financial obligations. Certain participants in the Derivatives market, including larger financial institutions, have
recently experienced significant financial hardship and deteriorating credit conditions. If the Fund’s counterparty to a Derivative
transaction experiences a loss of capital, or is perceived to lack adequate capital or access to capital, it may experience margin calls
or other regulatory requirements to increase equity. Under such circumstances, the risk that a counterparty will be unable to honor its
obligations may increase substantially. If a counterparty becomes bankrupt or otherwise fails to perform its obligations under a derivative
contract, the Fund may experience significant delays in obtaining any recovery under the derivative contract in bankruptcy or other reorganization
proceeding. The Fund may obtain only a limited recovery or may obtain no recovery in such circumstances.
>
Currency
risk — the risk that changes in the exchange rate between two currencies will adversely
affect the value (in U.S. dollar terms) of an investment.
>
Leverage
risk — the risk associated with certain types of Derivative strategies that relatively
small market movements may result in large changes in the value of an investment. Certain investments or trading strategies that involve
leverage can result in losses that greatly exceed the amount originally invested.
>
Liquidity
risk — the risk that certain securities may be difficult or impossible to sell at the
time that the seller would like or at the price that the seller believes the security is currently worth. This risk is heightened to the
extent the Fund engages in OTC Derivative transactions.
>
Correlation
risk — the risk that changes in the value of a Derivative will not match the changes in
the value of the portfolio holdings that are being hedged or of the particular market, security or loan to which the Fund seeks exposure.
>
Index
risk — if the Derivative is linked to the performance of an index, it will be subject
to the risks associated with changes in that index. If the index changes, the Fund could receive lower interest payments or experience
a reduction in the value of the Derivative to below what the Fund paid. Certain indexed securities, including inverse securities (which
move in an opposite direction to the index), may create leverage, to the extent that they increase or decrease in value at a rate that
is a multiple of the changes in the applicable index.
>
Regulatory
risk — various legislative and regulatory initiatives may impact the availability, liquidity
and cost of Derivatives, including potentially limiting or restricting the ability of the Fund to use certain Derivatives or certain counterparties
as a part of its investment strategy, increasing the costs of using these instruments or making these instruments less effective. See
“Types of Investments and Related Risks — Legislation and Regulation Risks”.
Options
and Futures Risk. The Fund may utilize options and futures contracts and so-called
“synthetic” options or other Derivatives written by broker-dealers or other permissible Financial Intermediaries. Options
transactions may be effected on securities exchanges or in the OTC market. When options are purchased OTC, the Fund’s portfolio
bears the risk that the counterparty that wrote the option will be unable or unwilling to perform its obligations under the option contract.
Options may also be illiquid and, in such cases, the Fund may have difficulty closing out its position. OTC options also may include options
on baskets of specific securities.
The
Fund may purchase call and put options on specific securities, and may write and sell covered or uncovered call and put options for hedging
purposes in pursuing its investment objective. A put option gives the purchaser of the option the right to sell, and obligates the writer
to buy, the underlying security at a stated exercise price, typically at any time prior to the expiration of the option. A call option
gives the purchaser of the option the right to buy, and obligates the writer to sell, the underlying security at a stated
exercise
price, typically at any time prior to the expiration of the option. A covered call option is a call option with respect to which the seller
of the option owns the underlying security. The sale of a call option exposes the seller during the term of the option to possible loss
of opportunity to realize appreciation in the market price of the underlying security or to possible continued holding of a security that
might otherwise have been sold to protect against depreciation in the market price of the security. In the sale of a put, losses may be
significant and, in the sale of a call, losses can be unlimited.
The
Fund may close out a position when writing options by purchasing an option on the same security with the same exercise price and expiration
date as the option that it has previously written on the security. In such a case, the Fund will realize a profit or loss if the amount
paid to purchase an option is less or more than the amount received from the sale of the option.
Purchasing
a futures contract creates an obligation to take delivery of the specific type of financial instrument at a specific future time at a
specific price for contracts that require physical delivery, or net payment for cash-settled contracts. Engaging in transactions in futures
contracts involves risk of loss to the Fund. No assurance can be given that a liquid market will exist for any particular futures contract
at any particular time. All terms of futures contracts are set forth in the rules of the exchange on which the futures contracts are traded.
Many futures exchanges and boards of trade limit the amount of fluctuation permitted in futures contract prices during a single trading
day. Once the daily limit has been reached in a particular contract, no trades may be made that day at a price beyond that limit or trading
may be suspended for specified periods during the trading day. Futures contract prices could move to the limit for several consecutive
trading days with little or no trading, preventing prompt liquidation of futures positions and potentially subjecting the Fund to substantial
losses. Successful use of futures also is subject to the Advisors’ ability to predict correctly the direction of movements in the
relevant market, and, to the extent the transaction is entered into for hedging purposes, to determine the appropriate correlation between
the transaction being hedged and the price movements of the futures contract.
Cybersecurity
Risks. Cybersecurity refers to the combination of technologies, processes and
procedures established to protect information technology systems and data from unauthorized access, attack or damage. The Fund and its
respective affiliates and third-party service providers are subject to cybersecurity risks. Cyber security risks have significantly increased
in recent years and, while the Fund has not experienced any material losses relating to cyber attacks or other information security
breaches, the Fund could suffer such losses in the future. The Fund’s and its respective affiliates’ and third-party service
providers’ computer systems, software and networks may be vulnerable to unauthorized access, computer viruses or other malicious
code and other events that could have a security impact. If one or more of such events occur, this potentially could jeopardize confidential
and other information, including nonpublic personal information and sensitive business data, processed and stored in, and transmitted
through, computer systems and networks, or otherwise cause interruptions or malfunctions in the Fund’s operations or the operations
of its respective affiliates and third-party service providers. This could result in significant losses, reputational damage, litigation,
regulatory fines or penalties, investigations or otherwise adversely affect the Fund’s business, financial condition or results
of operations. Privacy and information security laws and regulation changes, and compliance with those changes, may result in cost increases
due to system changes and the development of new administrative processes. In addition, the Fund may be required to expend significant
additional resources to modify the Fund’s protective measures and to investigate and remediate vulnerabilities or other exposures
arising from operational and security risks.
Risks
Relating to Fund’s RIC Status. Although the Fund has elected to be treated
as a RIC under Subchapter M of the Code, no assurance can be given that the Fund will be able to qualify for and maintain RIC status.
If the Fund qualifies as a RIC under the Code, the Fund generally will not be subject to corporate-level federal income taxes on its income
and capital gains that are timely distributed (or deemed distributed) as dividends for U.S. federal income tax purposes to its Shareholders.
To qualify as a RIC under the Code and to be relieved of federal taxes on income and gains distributed as dividends for U.S. federal income
tax purposes to the Fund’s Shareholders, the Fund must, among other things, meet certain source-of-income, asset diversification
and distribution requirements. The distribution requirement for a RIC is satisfied if the Fund distributes dividends each tax year for
U.S. federal income tax purposes of an amount generally at least equal to 90% of the sum of its net ordinary income and net short-term
capital gains in excess of net long-term capital losses, if any, to the Fund’s Shareholders.
RIC-Related
Risks of Investments Generating Non-Cash Taxable Income. Certain of the Fund’s
investments will require the Fund to recognize taxable income in a tax year in excess of the cash generated on those investments during
that year. In particular, the Fund expects to invest in loans and other debt instruments that will be treated as having “market
discount” and/or original issue discount (“OID”) for U.S. federal income tax purposes. Because the Fund may be required
to recognize income in respect of these investments before, or without receiving, cash representing such income, the Fund may have difficulty
satisfying the annual distribution requirements applicable to RICs and avoiding Fund-level U.S. federal income and/or excise taxes. Accordingly,
the Fund may be required to sell assets, including at potentially disadvantageous times or prices, raise additional debt or equity capital,
make taxable distributions of Shares or debt securities, or reduce new investments, to obtain the cash needed to make these income distributions.
If the Fund liquidates assets to raise cash, the Fund may realize additional gain or loss on such liquidations. In the event the Fund
realizes additional net capital gains from such liquidation transactions, Shareholders, may receive larger capital gain distributions
than it or they would in the absence of such transactions.
Instruments
that are treated as having OID for U.S. federal income tax purposes may have unreliable valuations because their continuing accruals require
judgments about the collectability of the deferred payments and the value of any collateral. Loans that are treated as having OID generally
represent a significantly higher credit risk than coupon loans. Accruals on such instruments may create uncertainty about the source of
Fund distributions to Shareholders. OID creates the risk of non-refundable cash payments to the Advisors based on accruals that may never
be realized. In addition, the deferral of payment-in-kind (“PIK”) interest also reduces a loan’s loan-to-value ratio
at a compounding rate.
Uncertain
Tax Treatment. The Fund may invest a portion of its net assets in below investment
grade instruments. Investments in these types of instruments may present special tax issues for the Fund. U.S. federal income tax rules
are not entirely clear about issues such as when the Fund may cease to accrue interest, OID or market discount, when and to what extent
deductions may be taken for bad debts or worthless instruments, how payments received on obligations in default should be allocated between
principal and income and whether exchanges of debt obligations in a bankruptcy or workout context are taxable. These and other issues
will be addressed by the Fund to the extent necessary in connection with the Fund’s intention to distribute sufficient income each
tax year to minimize the risk that it becomes subject to U.S. federal income or excise tax.
MANAGEMENT
OF THE FUND
Trustees
Pursuant
to the Declaration of Trust and bylaws, the Fund’s business and affairs are managed under the direction of the Board, which has
overall responsibility for monitoring and overseeing the Fund’s management and operations. The Board consists of nine members, five
of whom are considered Independent Trustees. The Trustees are subject to removal or replacement in accordance with Delaware law and the
Declaration of Trust. The Trustees serving on the Board, except for Jeffrey B. Perlowitz and Elaine Orr, were elected by the organizational
Shareholder of the Fund. Jeffrey B. Perlowitz and Elaine Orr were appointed to the Board by the Trustees. The Statement of Additional
Information provides additional information about the Trustees.
CAM
serves as the Fund’s investment advisor pursuant to the terms of the Investment Advisory Agreement and subject to the authority
of, and any policies established by, the Board. Ares Capital serves as the Fund’s investment sub-advisor pursuant to the terms of
the Investment Sub-Advisory Agreement. Pursuant to the Investment Advisory Agreement and Investment Sub-Advisory Agreement, the Advisors
manage the Fund’s investment portfolio, direct purchases and sales of portfolio securities and report thereon to the Fund’s
officers and Trustees regularly.
The
Board, including a majority of the Independent Trustees, oversees and monitors the Fund’s investment performance. After an initial
two-year term, the Board will review on an annual basis the Investment Advisory Agreement and the Investment Sub-Advisory Agreement to
determine, among other things, whether the fees payable under such agreements are reasonable in light of the services provided.
Investment
Personnel
The
Fund is primarily the responsibility of two portfolio managers, Mitch Goldstein and Greg Margolies. The Fund is also supported by thirteen
additional members of the Sub-Advisor’s Allocation Committee.
Below
is biographical information relating to Mitch Goldstein and Greg Margolies and the members of the Sub-Advisor’s Allocation Committee:
Mitch
Goldstein
Mitch
Goldstein is a Partner and Co-Head of the Ares Credit Group. Mitch Goldstein serves on the Ares Executive Management Committee. Additionally,
Mitch Goldstein serves as Co-President of ARCC, interested trustee and Co-Chief Executive Officer of Ares Strategic Income Fund, and Vice
President and interested trustee of the Fund. Mitch Goldstein is a member of the Ares Credit Group’s U.S. Direct Lending, Commercial
Finance, Pathfinder and the Ivy Hill Asset Management Investment Committees, the Ares Infrastructure Debt Investment Committee, and the
Ares SSG Direct Lending (Australia). Prior to joining Ares Management in May 2005, Mitch Goldstein worked at Credit Suisse First
Boston (“CSFB”), where Mitch Goldstein was a Managing Director in the Financial Sponsors Group. At CSFB, Mitch Goldstein was
responsible for providing investment banking services to private equity funds and hedge funds with a focus on M&A and restructurings
as well as capital raisings, including high yield, bank debt, mezzanine debt, and initial public offerings. Mitch Goldstein joined CSFB
in 2000 at the completion of the merger with Donaldson, Lufkin & Jenrette. From 1998 to 2000, Mitch Goldstein was at Indosuez Capital,
where Mitch Goldstein was a member of the Investment Committee and a Principal, responsible for originating, structuring and executing
leveraged transactions across a broad range of products and asset classes. From 1993 to 1998, Mitch Goldstein worked at Bankers Trust.
Mitch Goldstein also serves on the Board of Managers of Ivy Hill Asset Management GP, LLC. Mitch Goldstein graduated summa cum laude from
the State University of New York at Binghamton with a B.S. in Accounting and received an M.B.A. from Columbia University’s Graduate
School of Business.
Greg
Margolies
Greg
Margolies is a Partner in the Ares Credit Group. Greg Margolies serves as a member of the Ares Credit Group’s Alternative Credit
Investment Committee, the Ares Private Equity Group’s Special Opportunities Investment Committee and is on the Board of Directors
of the Ares Charitable Foundation.
Prior
to joining Ares in 2009, Greg Margolies served as a Managing Director and Global Head of Leveraged Finance and Capital Commitments at
Merrill Lynch & Co. and was a member of the Executive Committee for Merrill Lynch’s Global Investment Banking Group. Previously,
Greg Margolies was Co-Head of the DB Capital Mezzanine Fund. Greg Margolies serves on the Board of Directors for the International Organization
for Women and Development and the Advisory Council for University of Michigan’s Life Science Institute. Greg Margolies holds a B.A.
from the University of Michigan in International Economics and Finance and an M.B.A. from the University of Pennsylvania Wharton School
of Business.
Keith
Ashton
Keith
Ashton is a Partner, Portfolio Manager and Co-Head of Alternative Credit in the Ares Credit Group. Keith Ashton serves as a Vice President
and Portfolio Manager for Ares Dynamic Credit Allocation Fund, Inc. (NYSE:ARDC). Keith Ashton serves as a member of the Ares Credit Group’s
Alternative Credit Pathfinder and Pathfinder Core Investment Committees. Additionally, Keith Ashton serves on the Ares Diversity, Equity
and Inclusion Council. Prior to joining Ares in 2011, Keith Ashton was a Partner at Indicus Advisors LLP, where Keith Ashton focused on
launching the global structured credit business in May 2007. Previously, Keith Ashton was a Portfolio Manager and Head of Structured
Credit at TIAA-CREF, where Keith Ashton focused on managing a portfolio of structured credit investments and helped launch TIAA’s
institutional asset management business. Keith Ashton’s experience as an investor in alternative fixed income products spans virtually
all securitized asset classes, including CLOs, consumer and commercial receivables, insurance and legal settlements, small business and
trade receivables, whole business securitizations, timeshare and other mortgage-related receivables, and esoteric asset classes such as
catastrophe risk and intellectual property. Keith Ashton holds a B.A. from Brigham Young University in Economics and an M.B.A. from the
University of Rochester William E. Simon School of Business in Finance and Accounting.
Seth
Brufsky
Seth
Brufsky is a Partner, Portfolio Manager and Chairman of Global Liquid Credit in the Ares Credit Group. Seth Brufsky also serves as the
Chief Executive Officer, President and is a Director of ARDC. Additionally, Seth Brufsky serves as a member of the Ares Credit Group’s
Liquid Credit Investment Committee. Prior to joining Ares in 1998, Seth Brufsky was a member of the Corporate Strategy and Research Group
of Merrill Lynch & Co., where Seth Brufsky focused on analyzing and marketing non-investment grade securities. Previously, Seth Brufsky
was a member of the Institutional Sales and Trading Group of the Global Fixed Income Division at Union Bank of Switzerland. Seth Brufsky
serves on the Board of Trustees of Choate Rosemary Hall, a private, co-educational, college-preparatory boarding school, and serves on
the Dean’s Advisory Boards for the College of Arts and Sciences and the College of Agriculture and Life Sciences of Cornell University.
Seth Brufsky also serves on the Board of the Luminescence Foundation, a charitable giving organization. Seth Brufsky holds a B.S. from
Cornell University in Applied Economics and Business Management and an M.B.A., with honors, from the University of Southern California
Marshall School of Business in Finance, where Seth Brufsky was awarded the Glassick Scholarship for academic achievement.
Kipp
deVeer
Kipp
deVeer is a Director and Partner of Ares Management Corporation and Head of the Ares Credit Group. Kipp deVeer is a member of the Ares
Executive Management Committee and the Ares Diversity, Equity and Inclusion Council. Kipp deVeer also serves as a Director and Chief Executive
Officer of ARCC and an interested trustee and Chairman of the Board of Trustees of Ares Strategic Income Fund. Kipp deVeer is a member
of the Ares Credit Group’s U.S. Direct Lending, European Direct Lending and Pathfinder Investment Committees. Prior to joining Ares
in 2004, Kipp deVeer was a partner at RBC Capital Partners, a division of Royal Bank of Canada, which led the firm’s middle market
financing and principal investment business. Kipp deVeer joined RBC in October 2001 from Indosuez Capital, where Kip deVeer was Vice
President in the Merchant Banking Group. Previously, Kipp deVeer worked at J.P. Morgan and Co., both in the Special Investment Group of
J.P. Morgan Investment Management, Inc. and the Investment Banking Division of J.P. Morgan Securities Inc. Kipp deVeer received a B.A.
from Yale University and an M.B.A. from Stanford University’s Graduate School of Business.
Mark
Gatto
Mark
Gatto is Co-Founder, Co-Chief Executive Officer and Co-President of CION and CIC. Mark Gatto is also a Director of CAM. Mark Gatto serves
on the investment committee of CIC and the investment allocation committee of the Fund. Mark Gatto joined CION in 1999. Mark Gatto served
as Executive Vice President and Chief Acquisitions Officer from May 2007 through January 2008. Mark Gatto served as Executive
Vice President of Business Development from May 2006 through May 2007 and Vice President of Marketing from August 2005
through February 2006. Mark Gatto was also Associate General Counsel from November 1999 until October 2000. Previously,
Mark Gatto was an executive for a leading international product development and marketing company from 2000 through 2003. Later, Mark
Gatto co-founded a specialty business-consulting firm in New York City where Mark Gatto served as its managing partner before re-joining
CION in 2005. Mark Gatto was also an attorney in private practice prior to joining the firm. Mark Gatto received an M.B.A from the W.
Paul Stillman School of Business at Seton Hall University, a J.D. from Seton Hall University School of Law, and a B.S. from Montclair
State University.
Scott
Graves
Scott
Graves is a Partner, Co-Head of Private Equity Group, Portfolio Manager and Head of Special Opportunities. Scott Graves serves as a member
of the Ares Executive Management Committee and the Ares Private Equity Group’s Corporate Opportunities, Special Opportunities, Energy
Opportunities, and Extended Value Investment Committees. Scott Graves currently serves as the Chairman of the Board for Savers Value Village,
Inc. and serves on the boards of Altafiber, Infrastructure and Energy Alternatives, Inc., McLaren Automotive Group and Vmo Aircraft Leasing
Group, LLC. Prior to joining Ares in 2017, Scott Graves spent over 15 years in various capacities as a senior executive and investment
professional for Oaktree Capital Management, L.P. From 2013 through 2016, Scott Graves served as Oaktree’s Head of Credit Strategies
and Portfolio Manager of Multi-Strategy Credit. Scott Graves was responsible for a substantial portion of Oaktree’s credit platform,
managed investment portfolios spanning the breadth of Oaktree’s credit strategies and was active in Oaktree corporate management,
serving on the Capital and Risk Management Board, the Senior Leadership Counsel, the Product Governance Board and the Project Steering
Committee. From 2001 through 2013, Scott Graves was an investment professional in Oaktree’s Opportunities Funds, Value Opportunities
Fund and Strategic Credit Funds strategies, where Scott Graves served as a Portfolio Manager. Scott Graves also managed Oaktree’s
corporate and strategic development group, leading the firm’s product step-outs into emerging market credit, strategic credit, value
equities, infrastructure, the enhanced income strategies, structured credit and senior secured lending. Prior to joining Oaktree, Scott
Graves served as a Principal in William E. Simon & Sons’ private equity group and as an Analyst at Merrill Lynch & Company
in the mergers and acquisitions group. Additionally, Scott Graves worked at Price Waterhouse LLP in the audit business services division.
Scott Graves holds a B.A. from the University of California, Los Angeles, in History and an M.B.A. from the Wharton School at the University
of Pennsylvania, where Scott Graves currently serves on the Wharton School Graduate Executive Board. Scott Graves is a Certified Public
Accountant (inactive).
Blair
Jacobson
Blair
Jacobson is a Partner and Co-Head of European Credit in the Ares Credit Group and serves on the Ares Executive Management Committee and
the Ares Diversity, Equity and Inclusion Council. Blair Jacobson also serves on the boards of Ares Management Limited and Ares Management
UK Limited. Additionally, Blair Jacobson serves on the Ares Credit Group’s European Direct Lending and European Liquid Credit Investment
Committees, the Ares Secondaries Group’s Credit Investment Committee and the Ares Sports, Media and Entertainment Investment Committee.
Prior to joining Ares in 2012, Blair Jacobson was a Partner at The StepStone Group, where Blair Jacobson focused on building and running
European operations, including oversight of private debt and equity investments. Previously, Blair Jacobson was a Partner at Citigroup
Private Equity and Mezzanine Partners in London and New York. In addition, Blair Jacobson has held a variety of roles in investment banking
and mergers and acquisitions in a broad range of industries, including at Lehman Brothers. Blair Jacobson holds a B.A., magna cum laude,
from Williams College in Political Economy and an M.B.A., with honors, from the University of Chicago Booth School of Business in Finance.
Jeffrey
Kramer
Jeffrey
Kramer is a Partner, Portfolio Manager and Head of ABS in the Ares Credit Group, where Jeffrey Kramer focuses on alternative credit investments.
Additionally, Jeffrey Kramer serves as a member of the Ares Credit Group’s Alternative Credit, Pathfinder, Pathfinder Core Investment
Committees. Prior to joining Ares in 2013, Jeffrey Kramer worked in the Special Situations Group at Goldman Sachs & Co., where Jeffrey
Kramer was a member of the Asset Investing team from 2009 through 2013, focusing on investing and lending across a wide range of consumer
and commercial related assets. Prior to Jeffrey Kramer’s integration into the Special Situations Group at Goldman Sachs, Jeffrey
Kramer founded ReMark Capital Group, LLC, in 2005, an investment management company focused on the acquisition and structured lending
of pools of consumer loans. ReMark Capital was a partnership between Jeffrey Kramer and Goldman Sachs, and the platform was acquired in
full by Goldman Sachs in 2009. Previously, Jeffrey Kramer was an Executive Director in the Global Financial Markets Division and Co-Head
of the Securitization and Structured Credit Unit of WestLB AG, a European based global commercial and investment bank. Prior to that,
Jeffrey Kramer worked in the Structured Finance and Capital Markets Groups of both Rothschild, Inc. and Nomura Securities and was a Vice
President in the Asset Finance Unit at Financial Security Assurance Inc. Jeffrey Kramer holds a B.B.A. from the University of Texas at
Austin in Finance.
Michael
A. Reisner
Michael
A. Reisner is Co-Founder, Co-Chief Executive Officer and Co-President of CION as well as Co-Chief Executive Officer of CIC. In addition,
Michael A. Reisner is a Director of CAM. Michael A. Reisner serves on the Investment Committee of CIC as well as the Investment Allocation
committee of the Fund. Before co-founding CION in 2012, Michael A. Reisner held positions of increasing responsibility at its predecessor
company, including serving as co-Chief Executive Officer from 2008 to 2012, Chief Financial Officer from 2007 to 2008, Executive Vice
President — Originations from February 2006 through 2007 and Senior Vice President and General Counsel from 2004
through 2006. Earlier in Michael A. Reisner’s career, Michael A. Reisner was an attorney in private practice in New York from 1996
to 2001. Michael A. Reisner serves on the Boards of both CIC and the Fund and served on the Board of the Institute for Portfolio Alternatives
(IPA) from 2018 to 2021. Michael A. Reisner received a J.D., cum laude, from New York Law School and a B.A. from the University of Vermont.
David
A. Sachs
David
A. Sachs is a Partner in the Ares Strategy and Relationship Management Group, and focuses on the Ares Credit Group’s publicly traded
funds, strategic growth opportunities for Ares and facilitating the sharing of credit knowledge across the Ares platform. David A. Sachs
serves as a Director and Chairman of the Board of ARDC and is an interested trustee of the Fund. David A. Sachs also serves as an interested
trustee of Ares Private Markets Fund. Additionally, David A. Sachs serves as a member of the Ares Credit Group’s Alternative Credit
Investment Committee, the Ares Private Equity Group’s Energy Opportunities, Extended Value, and Asia Investment Committees, the
Ares Real Estate Global and Real Estate Debt Investment Committees, and the Ares Equity Income Opportunity Strategy Portfolio Review Committee.
Prior to joining Ares in 1997, David A. Sachs was a Principal of Onyx Partners, Inc., where David A. Sachs focused on merchant banking
and related capital raising activities in the private equity and mezzanine debt markets. Previously, David A. Sachs also worked with Taylor
& Co., an investment manager providing investment advisory and consulting services to members of the Bass Family of Fort Worth, Texas,
and Columbia Savings and Loan Association as Executive Vice President, where David A. Sachs was responsible for asset-liability management
and running the investment management department. David A. Sachs serves as the Non-Executive Chairman of Terex Corporation and is on the
Board of Trustees and the McCormick Advisory Council at Northwestern University. David A. Sachs holds a B.S. from Northwestern University
in Industrial Engineering and Management Science.
Kort
Schnabel
Kort
Schnabel is a Partner in the Ares Credit Group and serves as Co-Head for U.S. Direct Lending, serving on the U.S. Direct Lending Investment
Committee. Additionally, Kort Schnabel serves as Co-President of ARCC. Kort Schnabel also serves on the Ares Sports, Media and Entertainment
Investment
Committee and acts as a co-lead for the strategy. Prior to joining Ares in 2001, Kort Schnabel was in the Corporate Development Group
at Walker Digital Corporation, a business and technology research and development firm, where Kort Schnabel was responsible for corporate
finance, merger and acquisition and strategic planning activities. Previously, Kort Schnabel was in the Corporate Finance Group at Morgan
Stanley, where Kort Schnabel performed financial analyses for mergers and acquisitions, leveraged buyouts and equity/debt offerings. Kort
Schnabel holds a B.A., cum laude, from the University of Pennsylvania in Economics.
Michael
Smith
Michael
Smith is a Partner and Co-Head of the Ares Global Credit Group. Michael Smith serves on the Ares Executive Management Committee. Additionally,
Michael Smith serves as a Director of ARCC and previously served as Co-President of ARCC from July 2014 to October 2022 and
Executive Vice President from May 2013 to July 2014. Michael Smith also serves as an interested trustee and Co-Chief Executive
Officer of Ares Strategic Income Fund. Michael Smith is a member of the Ares Credit Group’s U.S. Direct Lending and Commercial Finance
Investment Committees, the Ivy Hill Asset Management Investment Committee, the Ares Private Equity Group’s Special Opportunities
Investment Committee, the Ares Secondaries Group’s Private Equity Investment Committee, and the Ares Infrastructure Group’s
Infrastructure Group’s Infrastructure Opportunities, Climate Infrastructure Partners and Infrastructure Debt Investment Committees.
Prior to joining Ares in 2004, Michael Smith was a Partner at RBC Capital Partners, a division of Royal Bank of Canada, which led the
firm’s middle market financing and principal investment business. Previously, Michael Smith worked at Indosuez Capital in their
Merchant Banking Group, Kenter, Glastris & Company, and at Salomon Brothers Inc., in their Debt Capital Markets Group and Financial
Institutions Group. Michael Smith serves on the Board of Directors of the University of Notre Dame’s Wilson Sheehan Lab for Economic
Opportunity (LEO), which helps service providers apply scientific evaluation methods to better understand and share effective poverty
interventions. Michael Smith received a B.S. in Business Administration from the University of Notre Dame and a Masters in Management
from Northwestern University’s Kellogg Graduate School of Management.
Bryan
Donohoe
Bryan
Donohoe is a Partner and Co-Head of Ares U.S. Real Estate. Bryan Donohoe is also the Chief Executive Officer of Ares Commercial Real Estate
Corporation. Additionally, Bryan Donohoe serves on the Ares Real Estate Global Investment Committee and the Ares Real Estate Debt Investment
Committee. Prior to joining Ares in 2019, Bryan Donohoe was a Managing Director for Commercial Real Estate Debt in AllianceBernstein’s
Real Estate Investment Group. Previously, Bryan Donohoe was a Senior Professional at Ranieri Real Estate Partners. In addition, Bryan
Donohoe spent 10 years at Deutsche Bank, where Bryan Donohoe focused on originating, structuring and closing of first mortgage loans,
B notes and mezzanine debt. Bryan Donohoe holds a B.A. from Middlebury College in Political Science.
Boris
Okuliar
Boris
Okuliar is a Partner, Portfolio Manager and Co-Head of Global Liquid Credit in the Ares Credit Group. Boris Okuliar serves as a member
of the Ares Credit Group’s European Liquid Credit and European Direct Lending Investment Committees. Prior to joining Ares in 2016,
Boris Okuliar was a Managing Director and Head of Capital Markets for Global Market Strategies at The Carlyle Group, where Boris Okuliar
focused on sourcing credit investment opportunities from banks and sponsors, syndicating excess risk, and developing new business opportunities.
Previously, Boris Okuliar was Head of Leveraged Capital Markets for UBS, where Boris Okuliar focused on the structuring and market execution
of leveraged loans, bridge financing and high yield bond placements. In addition, Boris Okuliar was Head of High Yield Capital Markets
and Syndicate at Barclays Capital in London. Boris Okuliar has also worked for Banc of America Securities in Syndicated Finance and High
Yield Capital Markets in the U.S. and London. Boris Okuliar holds a B.S.B.A. from Georgetown University with a double major in Finance
and International Business, and is a graduate of the Advanced Management Program at Harvard Business School.
Control
Persons
A
control person generally is a person who beneficially owns more than 25% of the voting securities of a company or has the power to exercise
control over the management or policies of such company. To the knowledge of the Fund, as of March 31, 2023, no persons were deemed to
control the Fund.
Administrative
Services
Pursuant
to the CAM Administration Agreement, CAM furnishes the Fund with office equipment and clerical, bookkeeping and record keeping services
at the Fund’s office facilities. Under the CAM Administration Agreement, the Fund is obligated to reimburse CAM, at cost, based
upon the Fund’s allocable portion of CAM’s overhead and other expenses (including travel expenses) incurred by CAM in performing
its obligations under the CAM Administration Agreement, including the Fund’s allocable portion of the compensation of certain of
its officers (including but not limited to the chief compliance officer, chief financial officer, chief accounting officer, general counsel,
treasurer and assistant treasurer) and their respective staffs. The CAM Administration Agreement may be terminated by either party without
penalty upon 60 days’ written notice to the other party. The total expenses incurred under the CAM Administration Agreement
for the year ended December 31, 2022 were approximately $1,774,000.
Pursuant
to the ALPS Administration Agreement, ALPS Fund Services performs, or administers the performance of, certain of the Fund’s
required administrative services, which include, among other things, providing administrative assistance in accounting, legal, compliance,
and operations, preparing the financial records that the Fund is required to maintain and preparing reports to the Fund’s Shareholders
and reports filed with the SEC. In addition, ALPS Fund Services coordinates the preparation and filing of the Fund’s tax returns
and generally coordinates the payment of the Fund’s expenses and the performance of administrative and professional services rendered
to the Fund by others. The total expenses incurred under the ALPS Administration Agreement for the year ended December 31, 2022 were
approximately $2,456,000.
Distribution
Fee
Class U
Shares will pay to the Distributor a Distribution Fee that will accrue at an annual rate equal to 0.75% of the Fund’s average daily
net assets attributable to Class U Shares and is payable on a quarterly basis. See “Plan of Distribution.”
Indemnification
The
Investment Advisory Agreement and Investment Sub-Advisory Agreement provide that, absent willful misfeasance, bad faith or gross negligence
in the performance of its duties or by reason of the reckless disregard of its duties and obligations, the Advisors, their members and
their respective officers, managers, partners, agents, employees, controlling persons, members and any other person or entity affiliated
with any of them are entitled to indemnification from the Fund for any damages, liabilities, costs and expenses (including reasonable
attorneys’ fees and amounts reasonably paid in settlement) arising out of or otherwise based upon the performance of any of the
Advisors’ duties or obligations under the Investment Advisory Agreement and Investment Sub-Advisory Agreement or otherwise as an
investment advisor or investment sub-advisor of the Fund.
Custodians,
Distribution Paying Agent, Transfer Agent and Registrar
State
Street Bank and Trust Company, which has its principal office at Channel Center, 1 Iron Street, Boston, MA, 02210, serves as custodian
for the Fund.
SS&C
GIDS, Inc., which has its principal office at 333 W 11th Street, 5th Floor, Kansas City, MO 64105, serves as the Fund’s distribution
paying agent, transfer agent and registrar.
FUND
EXPENSES
The
Advisors bear all of their own costs incurred in providing investment advisory and sub-advisory services to the Fund. As described below,
however, the Fund bears all other expenses incurred in the business and operation of the Fund, including amounts that the Fund reimburses
to CAM and ALPS Fund Services for certain administrative services that CAM and ALPS Fund Services provide or arrange to be provided
to the Fund.
Expenses
borne directly by the Fund include:
•
corporate,
organizational and offering costs relating to offerings of Shares and Preferred Shares;
•
the
cost of calculating the NAV of Shares, including the cost of any third-party pricing or valuation services;
•
the
cost of effecting sales and repurchases of Shares and other securities;
•
the
Management Fee and Incentive Fee;
•
investment
related expenses (e.g., expenses
that, in the Advisors’ discretion, are related to the investment of the Fund’s assets, whether or not such investments are
consummated), including, as applicable, brokerage commissions, borrowing charges on securities sold short, clearing and settlement charges,
recordkeeping, interest expense, dividends on securities sold but not yet purchased, margin fees, investment related travel and lodging
expenses and research-related expenses;
•
professional
fees relating to investments, including expenses of consultants, investment bankers, attorneys, accountants and other experts;
•
fees
and expenses relating to software tools, programs or other technology (including risk management software, fees to risk management services
providers, third-party software licensing, implementation, data management and recovery services and custom development costs);
•
research
and market data (including news and quotation equipment and services, and any computer hardware and connectivity hardware (e.g.,
telephone and fiber optic lines) incorporated into the cost of obtaining such research and market data);
•
all
costs and charges for equipment or services used in communicating information regarding the Fund’s transactions among the Advisors
and any custodian or other agent engaged by the Fund;
•
transfer
agent and custodial fees;
•
Distributor
costs;
•
fees
and expenses associated with marketing efforts;
•
federal
and any state registration or notification fees;
•
federal,
state and local taxes;
•
fees
and expenses of Trustees not also serving in an executive officer capacity for the Fund or the Advisors;
•
the
costs of preparing, printing and mailing reports and other communications, including tender offer correspondence or similar materials,
to Shareholders;
•
fidelity
bond, Trustees and officers errors and omissions liability insurance and other insurance premiums;
•
direct
costs such as printing, mailing, long distance telephone and staff;
•
overhead
costs, including rent, office supplies, utilities and capital equipment;
•
legal
expenses (including those expenses associated with preparing the Fund’s public filings, attending and preparing for Board meetings,
as applicable, and generally serving as counsel to the Fund);
•
external
accounting expenses (including fees and disbursements and expenses related to the annual audit of the Fund and the preparation of the
Fund’s tax information);
•
any
costs and expenses associated with or related to due diligence performed with respect to the Fund’s offering of its shares, including
but not limited to, costs associated with or related to due diligence activities performed by, on behalf of, or for the benefit of broker-dealers,
registered investment advisors, and third-party due diligence providers;
•
costs
associated with reporting and compliance obligations under the 1940 Act and applicable federal and state securities laws, including compliance
with The Sarbanes-Oxley Act of 2002;
•
all
other expenses incurred by the Fund, CAM and ALPS Fund Services in connection with administering the Fund’s business, including
expenses incurred by CAM and ALPS Fund Services in performing administrative services for the Fund and administrative personnel paid
by CAM and ALPS Fund Services, to the extent they are not controlling persons of CAM and ALPS Fund Services or any of their
respective affiliates, subject to the limitations included in the Administration Agreements; and
•
any
expenses incurred outside of the ordinary course of business, including, without limitation, costs incurred in connection with any claim,
litigation, arbitration, mediation, government investigation or similar proceeding and indemnification expenses as provided for in the
Fund’s organizational documents.
Further,
Class U Shares are subject to a 0.75% Distribution Fee.
It
is also understood and agreed that if persons associated with the Advisors or any of their affiliates, including persons who are officers
of the Fund, provide accounting, legal, clerical or administrative services to the Fund at the request of the Fund, the Fund will reimburse
the Advisors and their affiliates for their costs in providing such accounting, legal, clerical or administrative services to the Fund
(which costs may include an allocation of overhead including rent and the allocable portion of the salaries and benefits of the relevant
persons and their respective staffs, including travel expenses), using a methodology for determining costs approved by the Board. Nothing
contained herein shall be construed to restrict the Fund’s right to hire its own employees or to contract for services to be performed
by third parties.
Except
as otherwise described in this prospectus, the Advisors and ALPS Fund Services will be reimbursed by the Fund, as applicable, for
any of the above expenses that they pay on behalf of the Fund, including administrative expenses they incur on the Fund’s behalf.
Expense
Support and Conditional Reimbursement Agreement
The
Advisor and the Fund have entered into the Expense Support and Conditional Reimbursement Agreement under which the Advisor may voluntarily
determine to provide an Expense Payment to the Fund to the extent that it deems appropriate in order to ensure that the Fund bears an
appropriate level of expenses. The Expense Support and Conditional Reimbursement Agreement will remain in effect at least until July 31,
2023, unless and until the Board approves its modification or termination. The Expense Support and Conditional Reimbursement Agreement
may be renewed for additional one-year terms by the mutual agreement of the Advisor and the Fund. Prior to July 31, 2019, the Advisor
had agreed contractually to reimburse the Fund’s initial organizational and offering costs, as well as the Fund’s operating
expenses, to the extent that aggregate distributions made to the Fund’s shareholders during the applicable quarter exceeded the
sum of (i) the Fund’s net investment Fund taxable income (including net short-term capital gains reduced by net long-term capital
losses); (ii) the Fund’s net capital gains (including the excess of net long-term capital gains over net short-term capital
losses); and (iii) dividends and other distributions paid to or otherwise earned by the Fund on account of investments in portfolio
companies (to the extent such amounts listed in clause (iii) are not included under clauses (i) and (ii) above).
An
Advisor Reimbursement will be made only if and to the extent that (i) it is payable not more than three years from the last
business day of the calendar quarter in which the applicable Expense Payment was made by the Advisor; (ii) the Advisory Reimbursement
does not cause Other Fund Operating Expenses (as defined herein) (on an annualized basis and net of any reimbursements received by
the Fund during such fiscal year) during the applicable quarter to exceed the percentage of the Fund’s average net assets
attributable
to Class U Shares represented by Other Fund Operating Expenses (on an annualized basis) during the quarter in which the applicable
Expense Payment from the Advisor was made; and (iii) the distributions per share declared by the Fund for the applicable class at
the time of the applicable Expense Payment are less than the effective rate of distributions per share for such class at the time the
Advisor Reimbursement would be paid.
Other
Fund Operating Expenses is defined as the Fund’s total Operating Expenses (as defined below), excluding the Management and
Incentive fees, offering expenses, financing fees and costs, interest expense and extraordinary expenses. “Operating Expenses”
means all operating costs and expenses incurred by the Fund, as determined in accordance with generally accepted accounting principles
for investment companies.
Offering
Costs
All
offering costs of the Fund paid by the Advisor shall be subject to reimbursement pursuant to the Expense Support and Conditional Reimbursement
Agreement.
MANAGEMENT
AND INCENTIVE FEES
Pursuant
to the Investment Advisory Agreement, and in consideration of the advisory services provided by the Advisor to the Fund, the Advisor is
entitled to a fee consisting of two components — the Management Fee and the Incentive Fee. Pursuant to
the Investment Sub-Advisory Agreement, the Advisor pays the Sub-Advisor 40% of the Management Fee and Incentive Fee actually received
and retained and not otherwise used to support expenses.
Management
Fee
The
Management Fee is calculated and payable monthly in arrears at the annual rate of 1.25% of the average daily value of the Fund’s
Managed Assets. “Managed Assets” means the total assets of the Fund (including any assets attributable to any preferred shares
that may be issued or to indebtedness) minus the Fund’s liabilities other than liabilities relating to indebtedness. The Management
Fees incurred during the fiscal year ended December 31, 2022 was approximately $40,784,000.
Incentive
Fee
The
Incentive Fee is calculated and payable quarterly in arrears based upon “pre-incentive fee net investment income” attributable
to each class of the Fund’s Shares for the immediately preceding fiscal quarter, and is subject to a hurdle rate, expressed as a
rate of return based on each class’s average daily net asset value (calculated in accordance with GAAP), equal to 1.50% per quarter
(or an annualized hurdle rate of 6.00%), subject to a “catch-up” feature. For this purpose, “pre-incentive fee net investment
income” means interest income, dividend income and any other income accrued during the fiscal quarter, minus each class’s
operating expenses for the quarter and the distribution and/or shareholder servicing fees (if any) applicable to each class accrued during
the fiscal quarter. For such purposes, the Fund’s operating expenses will include the Management Fee, expenses reimbursed to CAM
under the CAM Administration Agreement, by and between the Fund and CAM, and any interest expense and distributions paid on any issued
and outstanding Preferred Shares, but will exclude the Incentive Fee.
Thus,
the calculation of the Incentive Fee for each fiscal quarter is as follows:
•
No
Incentive Fee is payable in any fiscal quarter in which the applicable pre-incentive fee net investment income attributable to the applicable
share class does not exceed the quarterly hurdle rate of 1.50% of such class’s average daily net assets (calculated in accordance
with GAAP), or 6.00% annualized;
•
100%
of the pre-incentive fee net investment income attributable to the applicable share class, if any, that exceeds the hurdle rate but is
less than or equal to 1.765% of such class’s average daily net asset value (calculated in accordance with GAAP) in any fiscal quarter
(7.06% annualized) is payable to the Advisor; and
•
15%
of the pre-incentive fee net investment income attributable to the applicable share class, if any, that exceeds 1.765% of such class’s
average daily net assets (calculated in accordance with GAAP) in any fiscal quarter (7.06% annualized) is payable to the Advisor (i.e.
once the hurdle rate is reached and the catch-up is achieved).
The
following is a graphical representation of the calculation of the Incentive Fee:
Quarterly
Incentive Fee
Class’s pre-incentive fee net investment income
(expressed as a percentage of the Class’s average
daily net asset value)
Percentage
of each Class’s pre-incentive fee net investment income allocated to the Incentive Fee.
These
calculations will be appropriately prorated for any period of less than three months. During the year ended December 31, 2022,
all Share classes of the Fund incurred a total of approximately $20,043,000 in incentive fees.
Approval
of the Investment Advisory Agreement and Sub-Advisory Agreement
Such
approval of the Investment Advisory Agreement was made in accordance with, and on the basis of an evaluation satisfactory to the Board,
as required by Section 15(c) of the 1940 Act and the applicable rules and regulations thereunder, including consideration of, among
other factors, (i) the nature, quality and extent of the services provided by CAM under the Investment Advisory Agreement; (ii) the
investment performance of the Fund, CAM; (iii) comparative information with respect to advisory fees and other expenses paid by other
comparable investment companies; and (iv) information about the services performed by CAM and the personnel of CAM providing such
services under the Investment Advisory Agreement.
Such
approval of the Investment Sub-Advisory Agreement was made in accordance with, and on the basis of an evaluation satisfactory to the Board,
as required by Section 15(c) of the 1940 Act and the applicable rules and regulations thereunder, including consideration of, among
other factors, (i) the nature, quality and extent of the services provided by Ares Capital under the Investment Sub-Advisory Agreement;
(ii) the investment performance of the Fund, Ares Capital; (iii) comparative information with respect to advisory fees and other
expenses paid by other comparable investment companies; and (iv) information about the services performed by Ares Capital and the
personnel of Ares Capital providing such services under the Investment Sub-Advisory Agreement.
A
discussion of the basis for the Board’s renewal of the Investment Advisory Agreement and Investment Sub-Advisory Agreement can be
found in the Fund’s Semi-Annual Report dated June 30, 2022.
DETERMINATION
OF NET ASSET VALUE
The
Board has designated the Advisor as the Fund’s valuation designee for purposes of Rule 2a-5 under the 1940 Act. NAV per Share
will be determined daily by the Advisor on each day the NYSE is open for trading or at such other times as the Board may determine. NAV
per Share is determined, on a class-specific basis, by dividing the total value of the Fund’s net assets attributable to the applicable
class by the total number of Fund Shares of such class outstanding. The Fund’s net assets are determined by subtracting any
liabilities (including borrowings for investment purposes) from the total value of its portfolio investments and other assets. Each Class A
Share will be offered at NAV plus the applicable sales load, while each Class C Share will be offered at NAV. The Fund’s net
assets are available to holders of Preferred Shares (if any) and Shares. If any Preferred Shares are outstanding, net assets available
for the Shareholders is determined by deducting from net assets the liquidation preference and any accrued dividends on the Preferred
Shares.
Bank
loans, including syndicated loans, are valued by using readily available market quotations or another commercially reasonable method selected
by an independent, third party pricing service that has been approved by the Advisor, or, if such independent, third-party valuations
are not available, by using broker quotations.
Corporate
Bonds and CLOs, and certain other domestic debt securities, are valued at the last reported bid prices supplied by an independent, third
party pricing service that has been approved by the Advisor. If the last reported bid price is not readily available or is otherwise deemed
to be unreliable by the Advisor, then such securities are valued at fair value pursuant to procedures approved by the Board.
If
they are traded on the valuation date, equity securities that are listed or traded on a national exchange will be valued at the last quoted
sale price. Likewise, equity securities that are traded on NASDAQ will be valued at the NASDAQ official closing price if the securities
are traded on the valuation date. If securities are listed on more than one exchange, and if the securities are traded on the valuation
date, they will be valued at the last quoted sale price on the exchange on which the security is principally traded. If there is no sale
of the security on the valuation date, the Advisor will value the securities at the last reported sale price, unless the Advisor believes
such price no longer represents the fair market value and elects to value the security at fair value pursuant to procedures approved by
the Board. If the validity of such quoted prices appears to be questionable or if such quoted prices are not readily available, then the
securities will be valued at fair value pursuant to procedures approved by the Board. Market quotations may be deemed not to represent
fair value in certain circumstances where the Advisor reasonably believes that facts and circumstances applicable to an issuer, seller
or purchaser or to the market for a particular security cause current market quotations not to reflect the fair value of the security.
Examples of these events could include situations in which material events are announced after the close of the market on which a security
is primarily traded, a security trades infrequently causing a quoted purchase or sale price to become stale, or a security’s trading
has been halted or suspended.
The
value of swaps, including credit default swaps, total return swaps and interest rate swaps will be determined by obtaining at least one
dealer quotation (including information from counterparties) or valuations from third-party pricing services. If no quotations or valuations
are available, or if such quotations or valuations are believed to be unreliable, swaps will be fair valued pursuant to procedures approved
by the Board.
Generally,
trading in U.S. Government securities and money market instruments is substantially completed each day at various times prior to the close
of business on the NYSE. The values of such securities used in computing the NAV of the Fund’s Shares are determined as of such
times.
CONFLICTS
OF INTEREST
Certain
of the Fund’s executive officers and trustees, and the employees of the Advisors, serve or may serve as officers, trustees or principals
of entities that operate in the same or a related line of business as the Fund or of other Ares- or CION-advised funds (“Other Managed
Funds”). As a result, they have obligations to investors in those entities, the fulfillment of which might not be in the best interests
of the Fund or its Shareholders. Moreover, notwithstanding the difference in principal investment objectives between the Fund and the
Other Managed Funds, such other funds, including potential new pooled investment vehicles or managed accounts not yet established (whether
managed or sponsored by affiliates or the Advisors), have, and may from time to time have, overlapping investment objectives with the
Fund and, accordingly, invest in, whether principally or secondarily, asset classes similar to those targeted by the Fund. To the extent
the Other Managed Funds have overlapping investment objectives, the scope of opportunities otherwise available to the Fund may be adversely
affected and/or reduced. Additionally, certain employees of the Advisors and their management face conflicts in their time management
and commitments as well as in the allocation of investment opportunities to other Ares funds.
The
results of the Fund’s investment activities may differ significantly from the results achieved by the Other Managed Funds. It is
possible that one or more of such funds will achieve investment results that are substantially more or less favorable than the results
achieved by the Fund. Moreover, it is possible that the Fund will sustain losses during periods in which one or more affiliates achieve
significant profits on their trading for proprietary or other accounts. The opposite result is also possible. The investment activities
of one or more Advisor affiliates for their proprietary accounts and accounts under their management may also limit the investment opportunities
for the Fund in certain markets.
The
Advisors may determine that the Fund should invest on a side-by-side basis with one or more Other Managed Funds. In certain circumstances,
negotiated co-investments may be made only in accordance with the terms of the exemptive order Ares received from the SEC (the “Order”).
Co-investments made under the Order are subject to compliance with the conditions and other requirements contained in the Order, which
could limit the Fund’s ability to participate in a co-investment transaction.
In
the event investment opportunities are allocated among the Fund and Other Managed Funds, the Fund may not be able to structure its investment
portfolio in the manner desired. Although the Advisors endeavor to allocate investment opportunities in a fair and equitable manner, the
Fund is not generally permitted to co-invest in any portfolio company in which a fund managed by Ares or any of its downstream affiliates
(other than the Fund and its downstream affiliates) currently has an investment. However, the Fund may co-invest with funds managed by
Ares or any of its downstream affiliates, subject to compliance with existing regulatory guidance, applicable regulations and its allocation
procedures.
From
time to time, the Fund and the Other Managed Funds may make investments at different levels of an issuer’s capital structure or
otherwise in different classes of an issuer’s securities. Such investments inherently give rise to conflicts of interest or perceived
conflicts of interest between or among the various classes of securities that may be held by such entities.
The
Advisors, their affiliates and their clients may pursue or enforce rights with respect to an issuer in which the Fund has invested, and
those activities may have an adverse effect on the Fund. As a result, prices, availability, liquidity and terms of the Fund’s investments
may be negatively impacted by the activities of the Advisors and their affiliates or their clients, and transactions for the Fund may
be impaired or effected at prices or terms that may be less favorable than would otherwise have been the case.
The
Advisors may enter into transactions and invest in securities, instruments and currencies on behalf of the Fund in which customers of
its affiliates, to the extent permitted by applicable law, serve as the counterparty, principal or issuer. In such cases, such party’s
interests in the transaction would generally be adverse to the interests of the Fund, and such party would have no incentive to assure
that the Fund obtains the best possible prices or terms in connection with the transaction. In addition, the purchase, holding and sale
of such investments by the Fund may enhance the profitability of the Advisors or their affiliates. One or more affiliates may also create,
write or issue Derivatives for their customers, the underlying securities, currencies or instruments of which may be those in which the
Fund invests or which
may
be based on the performance of the Fund. The Fund may, subject to applicable law, purchase investments that are the subject of an underwriting
or other distribution by one or more Advisor affiliates and may also enter into transactions with other clients of an affiliate where
such other clients have interests adverse to those of the Fund.
The
Fund will be required to establish business relationships with its counterparties based on the Fund’s own credit standing. Neither
the Advisors nor any of their affiliates will have any obligation to allow its credit to be used in connection with the Fund’s establishment
of its business relationships, nor is it expected that the Fund’s counterparties will rely on the credit of the Advisors or their
affiliates in evaluating the Fund’s creditworthiness.
The
Advisors are paid a fee based on a percentage of the Fund’s Managed Assets. The participation of the Advisors’ investment
professionals in the valuation process therefore results in a conflict of interest. The Advisors also have a conflict of interest in deciding
whether to cause the Fund to incur leverage or to invest in more speculative investments or financial instruments, which increase the
assets or the yield of the Fund and, accordingly, the Management Fees or Incentive Fees received by the Advisors. Certain other Ares-advised
funds pay the Advisors or their affiliates performance-based compensation, which could create an incentive for the Advisors or affiliate
to favor such investment fund or account over the Fund.
By
reason of the various activities of the Advisors and their affiliates, the Advisors and such affiliates may acquire confidential or material
non-public information or otherwise be restricted from purchasing certain potential Fund investments that otherwise might have been purchased
or be restricted from selling certain Fund investments that might otherwise have been sold at the time.
The
Advisors have adopted policies and procedures designed to prevent conflicts of interest from influencing proxy voting decisions made on
behalf of advisory clients, including the Fund, and to help ensure that such decisions are made in accordance with its fiduciary obligations
to clients. Nevertheless, notwithstanding such proxy voting policies and procedures, actual proxy voting decisions may have the effect
of favoring the interests of other clients, provided that the Advisors believe such voting decisions to be in accordance with its fiduciary
obligations.
SHARE
REPURCHASE PROGRAM
The
Fund does not currently intend to list its Shares on any securities exchange and does not expect any secondary market for them to develop
in the foreseeable future. Therefore, Shareholders should expect that they will be unable to sell their Shares for an indefinite time
or at a desired price. No Shareholder will have the right to require the Fund to repurchase such Shareholder’s Shares or any portion
thereof. Shareholders may not transfer their investment from the Fund to any other registered investment company. Because no public market
exists for the Shares, and none is expected to develop in the foreseeable future, Shareholders will not be able to liquidate their investment,
other than through the Fund’s share repurchase program, or, in limited circumstances, as a result of transfers of Shares to other
investors.
To
provide Shareholders with limited liquidity, the Fund is structured as an “interval fund” and intends to conduct quarterly
offers to repurchase between 5% and 25% of its outstanding Shares at NAV, pursuant to Rule 23c-3 under the 1940 Act, unless such
offer is suspended or postponed in accordance with regulatory requirements (as discussed below). In connection with any given repurchase
offer, it is expected the Fund will offer to repurchase only the minimum amount of 5% of its outstanding Shares. Additionally, in connection
with the Fund’s issuance of the MRP Shares, if a quarterly repurchase of Shares would cause the Fund to be below certain asset coverage
limits or if the Fund fails to satisfy certain other requirements, such quarterly repurchase offer of Shares shall not exceed 5% of the
outstanding Shares. See “Description of Capital Structure — MRP Shares” for additional information.
Quarterly
repurchases occur in the months of March, June, September and December. The offer to purchase Shares is a fundamental policy that
may not be changed without the vote of the holders of a majority of the Fund’s outstanding voting securities (as defined in the
1940 Act). The Repurchase Offer Notice is sent to Shareholders at least 21 calendar days before the Repurchase Request Deadline. The Fund
expects to determine the NAV applicable to repurchases on the Repurchase Request Deadline. However, the NAV will be calculated no later
than the Repurchase Pricing Date. The Fund expects to distribute payment to Shareholders between one and three business days after the
Repurchase Pricing Date and will distribute such payment no later than seven calendar days after such Date. The Fund’s Shares are
not listed on any securities exchange, and the Fund anticipates that no secondary market will develop for its Shares. Accordingly, you
may not be able to sell Shares when and/or in the amount that you desire. Thus, the Shares are appropriate only as a long-term investment.
In addition, the Fund’s repurchase offers may subject the Fund and Shareholders to special risks.
Determination
of Repurchase Offer Amount
The
Board, or a committee thereof, in its sole discretion, will determine the number of Shares that the Fund will offer to repurchase (the
“Repurchase Offer Amount”) for a given Repurchase Request Deadline. The Repurchase Offer Amount, however, will be no less
than 5% and no more than 25% of the total number of Shares outstanding on the Repurchase Request Deadline.
If
Shareholders tender for repurchase more than the Repurchase Offer Amount for a given repurchase offer, the Fund will repurchase the Shares
on a pro rata basis. However, the Fund may accept all Shares tendered for repurchase by Shareholders who own less than one hundred
Shares and who tender all of their Shares, before prorating other amounts tendered.
Notice
to Shareholders
No
less than 21 days and more than 42 days before each Repurchase Request Deadline, the Fund shall send to each Shareholder of
record and to each beneficial owner of the Shares that are the subject of the repurchase offer a notification (“Shareholder Notification”).
The Shareholder Notification will contain information Shareholders should consider in deciding whether to tender their Shares for repurchase.
The Shareholder Notification also will include detailed instructions on how to tender Shares for repurchase, state the Repurchase Offer
Amount and identify the dates of the Repurchase Request Deadline, the scheduled Repurchase Pricing Date, and the date the repurchase proceeds
are scheduled for payment (the “Repurchase Payment Deadline”). The Shareholder Notification also will set forth the NAV that
has been computed no more than seven days before the date of notification, and how Shareholders may ascertain the NAV after the notification
date.
Repurchase
Price
The
repurchase price of the Shares will be the NAV of the Share class as of the close of regular trading on the NYSE on the Repurchase Pricing
Date. You may call 888-729-4266 to learn the NAV. The Shareholder Notification also will provide information concerning the NAV, such
as the NAV as of a recent date or a sampling of recent NAVs, and a toll-free number for information regarding the repurchase offer.
Repurchase
Amounts and Payment of Proceeds
Shares
tendered for repurchase by Shareholders prior to any Repurchase Request Deadline will be repurchased subject to the aggregate Repurchase
Offer Amount established for that Repurchase Request Deadline. Payment pursuant to the repurchase offer will be made by check to the Shareholder’s
address of record, or credited directly to a predetermined bank account on the Purchase Payment Date, which will be no more than seven
days after the Repurchase Pricing Date. The Board may establish other policies for repurchases of shares that are consistent with the
1940 Act, regulations thereunder and other pertinent laws.
If
Shareholders tender for repurchase more than the Repurchase Offer Amount for a given repurchase offer, the Fund may, but is not required
to, repurchase an additional amount of Shares not to exceed 2.00% of the outstanding Shares of the Fund on the Repurchase Request Deadline.
If the Fund determines not to repurchase more than the Repurchase Offer Amount, or if Shareholders tender shares in an amount exceeding
the Repurchase Offer Amount plus 2.00% of the outstanding Shares on the Repurchase Request Deadline, the Fund will repurchase the Shares
on a pro rata basis. However, the Fund may accept all Shares tendered for repurchase by Shareholders who own less than one hundred
Shares and who tender all of their Shares, before prorating other amounts tendered.
With
respect to any required minimum distributions from an IRA or other qualified retirement plan, it is the obligation of the Shareholder
to determine the amount of any such required minimum distribution and to otherwise satisfy the required minimum. In the event that Shareholders
tender for repurchase more than the Repurchase Offer Amount for a given repurchase offer, the Fund will repurchase the shares on a pro rata
basis, which may result in the Fund not honoring the full amount of a required minimum distribution requested by a Shareholder.
DESCRIPTION
OF CAPITAL STRUCTURE
The
following description is based on relevant portions of the Delaware Statutory Trust Act, as amended, and on the Declaration of Trust and
bylaws. This summary is not intended to be complete. Please refer to the Delaware Statutory Trust Act, as amended, and the Declaration
of Trust and bylaws, copies of which have been filed as exhibits to the registration statement of which this prospectus forms a part,
for a more detailed description of the provisions summarized below.
Shares
of Beneficial Interest
The
Declaration of Trust authorizes the Fund’s issuance of an unlimited number of common shares of beneficial interest of each class,
par value $0.001 per share. There is currently no market for Shares and the Fund does not expect that a market for Shares will develop
in the foreseeable future. Pursuant to the Declaration of Trust and as permitted by Delaware law, Shareholders are entitled to the same
limitation of personal liability extended to stockholders of private corporations organized for profit under the General Corporation Law
of the State of Delaware, as amended (the “DGCL”), and therefore generally will not be personally liable for the Fund’s
debts or obligations.
Shares
Under
the terms of the Declaration of Trust, all Shares, when consideration for Shares is received by the Fund, will be fully paid and nonassessable.
Distributions may be paid to Shareholders if, as and when authorized and declared by the Board. Shares will have no preference, preemptive,
appraisal, conversion or redemption rights, and will be freely transferable, except where their transfer is restricted by law or contract.
The Declaration of Trust provides that the Board shall have the power to repurchase or redeem Shares and provide Shareholders with the
right to exchange Shares of any class for Shares of one or more other classes in the manner and on the terms described herein. In the
event of the Fund’s dissolution, after the Fund pays or adequately provides for the payment of all claims and obligations of the
Fund, and upon the receipt of such releases, indemnities and refunding agreements deemed necessary by the Board, each Share will be entitled
to receive, according to its respective rights, a pro rata portion of the Fund’s assets available for distribution for the
applicable class, subject to any preferential rights of holders of the Fund’s outstanding Preferred Shares, if any. Each whole Share
will be entitled to one vote as to any matter on which it is entitled to vote and each fractional Share will be entitled to a proportionate
fractional vote. However, to the extent required by the 1940 Act or otherwise determined by the Board, classes of the Fund will vote separately
from each other. Shareholders shall be entitled to vote on all matters on which a vote of Shareholders is required by the 1940 Act, the
Declaration of Trust or a resolution of the Board. There will be no cumulative voting in the election or removal of Trustees. Under the
Declaration of Trust, the Fund is not required to hold annual meetings of Shareholders. The Fund only expects to hold Shareholder meetings
to the extent required by the 1940 Act or pursuant to special meetings called by the Board or a majority of Shareholders.
Preferred
Shares and Other Securities
The
Declaration of Trust provides that the Board may, subject to the Fund’s investment policies and restrictions and the requirements
of the 1940 Act, authorize and cause the Fund to issue securities of the Fund other than Shares (including Preferred Shares, debt securities
or other senior securities), by action of the Board without the approval of Shareholders. The Board may determine the terms, rights, preferences,
privileges, limitations and restrictions of such securities as the Board sees fit.
Preferred
Shares could be issued with rights and preferences that would adversely affect Shareholders. Preferred Shares could also be used as an
anti-takeover device. Every issuance of Preferred Shares will be required to comply with the requirements of the 1940 Act. The 1940 Act
requires, among other things, that (i) immediately after issuance of Preferred Shares and before any distribution is made with respect
to the Shares and before any purchase of Shares is made, the aggregate involuntary liquidation preference of such Preferred Shares together
with the aggregate involuntary liquidation preference or aggregate value of all other senior securities must not exceed an amount equal
to 50% of the Fund’s total assets after deducting the amount of such distribution or purchase price, as the case may be; and (ii) the
holders of Preferred
Shares,
if any are issued, must be entitled as a class to elect two Trustees at all times and to elect a majority of the Trustees if distributions
on such Preferred Shares are in arrears by two years or more. Certain matters under the 1940 Act require the separate vote of the
holders of any issued and outstanding Preferred Shares.
MRP
Shares
On
July 30, 2021, the Fund issued 2,400,000 Series A Mandatory Redeemable Preferred Shares (“Series A MRP Shares”).
On September 30, 2021, the Fund issued 3,600,000 Series B Mandatory Redeemable Preferred Shares (“Series B MRP Shares”)
and 6,000,000 Series C Mandatory Redeemable Preferred Shares (“Series C MRP Shares”). On January 6, 2022, the
Fund issued 2,200,000 Series D Mandatory Redeemable Preferred Shares (“Series D MRP Shares”) and 2,600,000 Series E
Mandatory Redeemable Preferred Shares (“Series E MRP Shares”). Certain rights, terms and conditions of the MRP Shares
are summarized below:
Priority. Each
holder of MRP Shares is entitled to a liquidation preference of $25.00 per share (the “Liquidation Value”), plus additional
amounts described under “Liquidation” below. With respect to distributions, including the payment of dividends and distribution
of the Fund’s assets upon dissolution, liquidation or winding up, the MRP Shares are senior to all other classes and series of common
shares of beneficial interest and rank on parity with any other Preferred Shares. Holders of the MRP Shares will not, however, participate
in any appreciation in the value of the Fund. The consent of the holders of the outstanding Preferred Shares is not required to authorize
or issue any class or series of Preferred Shares ranking on parity with the MRP Shares.
Dividends. The
holders of MRP Shares are entitled to receive quarterly cumulative cash dividends, when, as and if authorized by the Board and declared
by the Fund, out of funds legally available therefor, at the rate per annum equal to the Applicable Rate, as defined below, with certain
adjustments for changes in a series’ rating, and no more, of the Liquidation Value, payable quarterly, beginning on the initial
dividend payment date of November 1, 2021 for the Series A MRP Shares, February 1, 2022 for the Series B MRP Shares
and Series C MRP Shares, and April 7, 2022 for the Series D MRP Shares and Series E MRP Shares. For Series A
MRP Shares, Series B MRP Shares and Series C MRP Shares, dividends will then be payable on the first business day of the month
next following each of the following dates: 31st
day of each January, the 30th
day of each April, the 31st
day of each July and the 31st
day of each October. For Series D MRP Shares and Series E MRP Shares, dividends will then be payable on the first business day
of the month next following each of the following dates: 6th
day of each January, the 6th
day of each April, the 6th
day of each July and the 6th
day of each October. Dividends on MRP Shares accumulate from and including the original issue date.
Each
dividend on MRP Shares will be paid on the dividend payment date therefor to the holders as their names appear on the share ledger or
share records of the Fund at the close of business on the fifth day prior to the quarterly dividend date (or if such day is not a business
day, the next preceding business day). Dividends in arrears for any past dividend period may be declared and paid at any time, without
reference to any regular dividend payment date, to the holders as their names appear on the share ledger or share records of the Fund
at the close of business on a date, not exceeding five days preceding the payment date thereof, as may be fixed by the Board. No interest
will be payable in respect of any dividend payment or payments which may be in arrears; provided, however, that the dividend rate may
be increased in such circumstances.
So
long the rating of each series of the MRP Shares remains the same, the dividend rate on the MRP Shares will be 2.68% for Series A
MRP Shares, 2.68% for Series B MRP Shares, 3.07% for Series C MRP Shares, 2.96% for Series D MRP Shares and 3.48% for Series E
MRP Shares (collectively, the “Applicable Rate”).
Voting. Except
for matters which do not require the vote of holders of MRP Shares under the 1940 Act and except as otherwise provided in the Declaration
of Trust or bylaws, or as otherwise required by applicable law, each holder of MRP Shares shall be entitled to one vote for each MRP Share
held on each matter submitted to a vote of shareholders of the Fund, and holders of outstanding Preferred Shares and Shares shall vote
together as a single class on all matters submitted to shareholders; provided, however, that
the
holders of outstanding Preferred Shares shall be entitled, as a class, to the exclusion of the holders of shares of all other classes
of beneficial interests of the Fund, to elect two Trustees of the Fund at all times. In addition, the holders of the outstanding Preferred
Shares and Shares, voting together as a single class, shall elect the balance of the Trustees; however, the number of Trustees constituting
the Board shall automatically increase by the smallest number that, when added to the two Trustees elected exclusively by the holders
of outstanding Preferred Shares would constitute a majority of the Board as so increased by such smallest number, and the holders of Preferred
Shares shall be entitled, voting as a class on a one vote per share basis (to the exclusion of the holders of all other securities and
classes of shares of the Fund), to elect such smallest number of additional Trustees, together with the two Trustees that such holders
are in any event entitled to elect if: (i) at the close of business on any dividend payment date accumulated dividends (whether or
not earned or declared) on Preferred Shares equal to at least two full years’ dividends shall be due and unpaid; or (ii) if
at any time holders of any shares of Preferred Shares are entitled under the 1940 Act, to elect a majority of the Trustees of the Fund.
Notwithstanding
the foregoing, the affirmative vote of the holders of a majority of the outstanding Preferred Shares, voting as a separate class, and
a majority of the MRP Shares, voting as a separate class, both determined with reference to a “majority of outstanding voting securities”
as that term is defined in Section 2(a)(42) of the 1940 Act, shall be required to create, authorize or issue shares of any class
or series of beneficial interests ranking senior to the Preferred Shares with respect to the payment of dividends or the distribution
of assets, or any securities convertible into, or warrants, options or similar rights to purchase, acquire or receive, such shares of
beneficial interests ranking senior to the Preferred Shares or reclassify any authorized shares of beneficial interests of the Fund into
any shares ranking senior to the Preferred Shares. In addition, the affirmative vote of the holders of a majority of the outstanding Preferred
Shares determined with reference to a “majority of outstanding voting securities” as that term is defined in Section 2(a)(42)
of the 1940 Act, voting as a separate class, shall be required to (i) amend, alter or repeal (including by merger, consolidation
or otherwise) any of the preferences, rights or powers of such class of Preferred Shares so as to adversely affect such preferences, rights
or powers and will not amend any provision of the Declaration of Trust or bylaws in a manner which would restrict or limit the ability
of the Fund to comply with the terms and provisions of the Securities Purchase Agreement; (ii) amend, alter or repeal (including
by merger, consolidation or otherwise) any of the provisions of the Declaration of Trust or bylaws if such amendment, alteration or repeal
would adversely affect any privilege, preference, right or power of the MRP Shares or the holders thereof; and (iii) approve any
plan of reorganization (as such term is used in the 1940 Act) adversely affecting such shares or any action requiring a vote of security
holders of the Fund under Section 13(a) of the 1940 Act.
Redemption. The
outstanding shares of MRP Shares are subject to redemption at any time by notice of such redemption on a date selected by the Fund for
such redemption (the “Redemption Date”). If the Fund elects to cause the redemption of the MRP Shares, each MRP Share will
be redeemed for a price equal to 100% of such share’s Liquidation Value, plus an amount equal to accumulated but unpaid dividends
and other distributions on the MRP Shares (whether or not earned or declared by the Fund, but excluding interest thereon), to, but excluding,
the Redemption Date, plus the amount equal to the excess, if any, of the discounted value of the remaining scheduled payments with respect
to the Liquidation Value of such MRP Share over the amount of such Liquidation Value; provided, however, the Fund may, at its option (i) redeem
the Series A MRP Shares within 90 days prior to July 30, 2026 (the “Series A Term Redemption Date”), (ii) redeem
the Series B MRP Shares within 90 days prior to September 30, 2026 (the “Series B Term Redemption Date”),
(ii) redeem the Series C MRP Shares within 90 days prior to September 30, 2026 (the “Series C Term Redemption
Date”), (ii) redeem the Series D MRP Shares within 90 days prior to January 6, 2027 (the “Series D
Term Redemption Date”), (ii) redeem the Series E MRP Shares within 90 days prior to January 6, 2032 (the “Series E
Term Redemption Date” and collectively with Series A Term Redemption Date, Series B Term Redemption Date, Series C
Term Redemption Date and Series D Term Redemption Date, the “Term Redemption Dates”), each at the Liquidation Value plus
accumulated but unpaid dividends and distributions thereon (whether or not earned or declared by the Fund, but excluding interest thereon)
to, but excluding the Redemption Date.
If
the asset coverage, as determined in accordance with Section 18(h) of the 1940 Act, is less than or equal to 235% for any five business
days within a ten business day period, determined on the basis of values calculated as of a time within 48 hours (not including Sundays
or holidays) next preceding the time of such
determination
within the ten business day period, the Fund, upon not less than 12 days’ nor more than 40 days’ notice, may redeem
the MRP Shares at the Liquidation Value plus accumulated but unpaid dividends and distributions thereon (whether or not earned or declared
by the Fund, but excluding interest thereon) to, but excluding, the date fixed for redemption, plus a redemption amount equal to 2% of
the Liquidation Value; the amount of MRP Shares that may be redeemed under this provision shall not exceed an amount of MRP Shares which
results in asset coverage of more than 250% pro forma for such redemption, determined on the basis of values calculated as of a time
within 48 hours (not including Sundays or holidays) next preceding the time of such determination.
If
the Fund fails to maintain asset coverage of at least 225%, determined on the basis of values calculated as of a time within 48 hours
(not including Sundays or holidays) next preceding the time of such determination, the Fund shall redeem the number of MRP Shares provided
below at the Liquidation Value plus an amount equal to accumulated but unpaid dividends and distributions thereon (whether or not earned
or declared by the Fund, but excluding interest thereon) to, but excluding, the date fixed for redemption, plus a redemption amount equal
to 1% of the Liquidation Value. The number of MRP Shares to be redeemed upon the Fund’s failure to maintain asset coverage of 225%
on any valuation date will be equal to the product of (1) the quotient of the number of MRP Shares divided by the aggregate number
of outstanding Preferred Shares which have an asset coverage test greater than or equal to 225% and (2) the minimum number of outstanding
shares of Preferred Shares the redemption of which would result in the Fund having asset coverage of 225% as of a date that is no more
than 30 days after the date the Fund failed to maintain asset coverage of 225% (provided that, if there is no such number of MRP
Shares the redemption of which would have such result, the Fund shall redeem all MRP Shares then outstanding). The Fund shall effect any
such redemption no later than 40 calendar days after the date the Fund failed to maintain asset coverage of 225%, except for in certain
circumstances. Notwithstanding the foregoing, if the Fund satisfies asset coverage of at least 225% as of a date that is no more than
30 days after the date the Fund failed to maintain asset coverage of 225% before taking into account any redemptions of Preferred
Shares, the Fund shall not be obligated to redeem any shares of Preferred Shares under this provision.
The
Fund shall redeem all outstanding Series A MRP Shares, Series B MRP Shares, Series C MRP Shares, Series D MRP Shares
and Series E MRP Shares on the respective Term Redemption Dates at the Liquidation Value plus an amount equal to accumulated but
unpaid dividends and distributions thereon (whether or not earned or declared by the Fund, but excluding interest thereon), to, but excluding,
the respective Term Redemption Dates.
Subject
to certain conditions, no MRP Shares may be redeemed unless all dividends in arrears on the MRP Shares and all shares of beneficial interests
of the Fund ranking on a parity with the MRP Shares with respect to payment of dividends or upon liquidation have been or are being contemporaneously
paid or set apart for payment; provided, however, that the foregoing shall not prevent the purchase or acquisition by the Fund of all
MRP Shares pursuant to the successful completion of an otherwise lawful purchase, tender or exchange offer made on the same terms to,
and accepted by, Holders of all MRP Shares.
Liquidation. Upon
the dissolution, liquidation or winding up of the affairs of the Fund, whether voluntary or involuntary, the holders of MRP Shares then
outstanding, together with holders of shares of any Preferred Shares ranking on a parity with the MRP Shares upon dissolution, liquidation
or winding up, shall be entitled to receive and to be paid out of the assets of the Fund (or the proceeds thereof) available for distribution
to its shareholders after satisfaction of claims of creditors of the Fund, but before any distribution or payment shall be made in respect
of the Shares, an amount equal to the liquidation preference with respect to such shares. The liquidation preference for MRP Shares shall
be $25.00 per share, plus an amount equal to all accumulated and unpaid dividends thereon (whether or not earned or declared but without
interest) to the date payment of such distribution is made in full. No redemption premium shall be paid upon any liquidation even if such
redemption premium would be paid upon optional or mandatory redemption of the relevant shares. If, upon any liquidation, dissolution or
winding up of the affairs of the Fund, whether voluntary or involuntary, the assets of the Fund available for distribution among the holders
of all outstanding shares of Preferred Shares shall be insufficient to permit the payment in full to holders of the amounts to which they
are entitled, then the available assets shall be distributed among the holders of all outstanding shares of Preferred Shares ratably in
any distribution of assets according to the respective amounts which would be payable on all the shares if all amounts thereon were paid
in full.
Upon
the dissolution, liquidation or winding up of the affairs of the Fund, whether voluntary or involuntary, until payment in full is made
to the holders of MRP Shares of the liquidation distribution to which they are entitled, (1) no dividend or other distribution shall
be made to Shareholders or any other class or series of shares of beneficial interests of the Fund ranking junior to MRP Shares upon dissolution,
liquidation or winding up and (2) no purchase, redemption or other acquisition for any consideration by the Fund shall be made in
respect of the Shares or any other class of shares of beneficial interests of the Fund ranking junior to MRP Shares upon dissolution,
liquidation or winding up. A consolidation, reorganization or merger of the Fund with or into any company, trust or other legal entity,
or a sale, lease or exchange of all or substantially all of the assets of the Fund in consideration for the issuance of equity securities
of another company, trust of other legal entity shall not be deemed to be a liquidation, dissolution or winding up, whether voluntary
or involuntary, for the purposes of these provisions.
Conversion. The
MRP Shares are not convertible into any other class or series of shares.
Transfer
restrictions. The MRP Shares are “restricted securities” for purposes
of the 1933 Act. Accordingly, the MRP Shares may not be offered, sold, transferred or delivered, directly or indirectly, unless (i) such
shares are registered under the 1933 Act and any other applicable state securities laws, or (ii) an exemption from registration under
the 1933 Act and any other applicable state securities laws is available.
Other
Matters. For so long as the MRP Shares are outstanding, the Fund will not declare,
pay or set apart for payment any dividend or other distribution (other than a dividend or distribution paid in shares of, or options,
warrants or rights to subscribe for or purchase, Shares or other shares of beneficial interests, if any, ranking junior to the MRP Shares
as to dividends or upon liquidation) with respect to Shares or any other shares of the Fund ranking junior to or on a parity with the
MRP Shares as to dividends or upon liquidation, or call for redemption, redeem, purchase or otherwise acquire for consideration any Shares
or any other such junior shares (except by conversion into or exchange for shares of the Fund ranking junior to the MRP Shares as to dividends
and upon liquidation) or any such parity shares (except by conversion into or exchange for shares of the Fund ranking junior to or on
a parity with the MRP Shares as to dividends and upon liquidation), unless (1) immediately after such transaction asset coverage
of 225% would be achieved, (2) full cumulative dividends on the MRP Shares due on or prior to the date of the transaction have been
declared and paid, and (3) the Fund has redeemed the full number of MRP Shares required to be redeemed by any provision for mandatory
redemption ((1), (2) and (3) are together the “Requirements”). Notwithstanding the foregoing, the Fund shall not,
at any time, be prohibited or otherwise restricted in its ability to call for redemption, redeem, purchase or otherwise acquire for consideration
its Shares pursuant to its fundamental policy to make quarterly repurchase offers pursuant to Rule 23c-3 of the 1940 Act for between
5% and 25% of the Shares outstanding at net asset value (the “Repurchase Policy”); provided, however, if (i) a quarterly
repurchase of Shares pursuant to the Repurchase Policy and/or Rule 23c-3 of the 1940 Act would cause the Fund to be below asset coverage
of 225% or (ii) the Fund has failed to satisfy (and continues to fail to satisfy) the Requirements and the Fund is required to make
a quarterly repurchase offer of Shares pursuant to the Repurchase Policy and/or Rule 23c-3 of the 1940 Act before the Requirements
are satisfied, such quarterly repurchase offer of Shares shall not exceed 5% of the Shares outstanding, at a price equal to the Fund’s
net asset value (as may be determined in accordance with its valuation policies and procedures) as of the “repurchase pricing date,”
as such term is defined in Rule 23c-3 and as set forth in the applicable repurchase offer documents. Subject to the certain conditions,
the Board may, in the future, authorize the issuance of additional Preferred Shares with the same preferences, rights, voting powers,
restrictions, limitations as to dividends and other distributions, qualifications and terms and conditions of redemption and other terms
applicable to the MRP Shares, except that the initial dividend period, the applicable rate for the initial dividend period and the initial
dividend payment date shall be as set forth in the Supplement to the Declaration of Trust relating to such additional Preferred Shares.
Outstanding
Securities
The
following table shows, for each class of authorized securities of the Fund, the amount of (i) shares authorized and (ii) shares
outstanding, each as of April 21, 2023:
Class
|
|
|
(1) Amount Authorized
|
|
|
(2) Amount
Held by the Fund for its Account |
|
|
(3) Amount Outstanding Exclusive
of Amount Shown Under (2) |
|
Common
Shares |
|
|
|
|
Unlimited |
|
|
|
|
|
0 |
|
|
|
|
|
102,578,359 |
|
|
Series A
Mandatory Redeemable Preferred Shares |
|
|
|
|
2,400,000 |
|
|
|
|
|
0 |
|
|
|
|
|
2,400,000 |
|
|
Series B
Mandatory Redeemable Preferred Shares |
|
|
|
|
3,600,000 |
|
|
|
|
|
0 |
|
|
|
|
|
3,600,000 |
|
|
Series C
Mandatory Redeemable Preferred Shares |
|
|
|
|
6,000,000 |
|
|
|
|
|
0 |
|
|
|
|
|
6,000,000 |
|
|
Series D
Mandatory Redeemable Preferred Shares |
|
|
|
|
2,200,000 |
|
|
|
|
|
0 |
|
|
|
|
|
2,200,000 |
|
|
Series E
Mandatory Redeemable Preferred Shares |
|
|
|
|
2,600,000 |
|
|
|
|
|
0 |
|
|
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Limitation
on Liability of Trustees and Officers; Indemnification and Advance of Expenses
Pursuant
to the Declaration of Trust, Trustees and officers of the Fund will not be subject in such capacity to any personal liability to the Fund
or Shareholders, unless the liability arises from bad faith, willful misfeasance, gross negligence or reckless disregard for the Trustee’s
or officer’s duty.
Except
as otherwise provided in the Declaration of Trust, the Fund will indemnify and hold harmless any current or former Trustee or officer
of the Fund against any liabilities and expenses (including reasonable attorneys’ fees relating to the defense or disposition of
any action, suit or proceeding with which such person is involved or threatened), while and with respect to acting in the capacity of
a Trustee or officer of the Fund, except with respect to matters in which such person did not act in good faith in the reasonable belief
that his or her action was in the best interest of the Fund, or in the case of a criminal proceeding, matters for which such person had
reasonable cause to believe that his or her conduct was unlawful. In accordance with the 1940 Act, the Fund will not indemnify any Trustee
or officer for any liability to which such person would be subject by reason of his or her willful misfeasance, bad faith, gross negligence
or reckless disregard of the duties of his or her position. The Fund will provide indemnification to Trustees and officers prior to a
final determination regarding entitlement to indemnification as described in the Declaration of Trust.
The
Fund has entered into the Investment Advisory Agreement with CAM and the Investment Sub-Advisory Agreement with Ares Capital. The Investment
Advisory Agreement and the Investment Sub-Advisory Agreement provide that, in the absence of willful misfeasance, bad faith, gross negligence
or reckless disregard for its obligations and duties thereunder, the Advisors are not liable for any error of judgment or mistake of law
or for any loss the Fund suffers.
Pursuant
to the Declaration of Trust, the Fund will advance the expenses of defending any action for which indemnification is sought if the Fund
receives a written undertaking by the indemnitee which provides that the indemnitee will reimburse the Fund unless it is subsequently
determined that the indemnitee is entitled to such indemnification.
Number
of Trustees; Appointment of Trustees; Vacancies; Removal
The
Declaration of Trust provides that the number of Trustees shall be no less than one and no more than 15, as determined in writing by a
majority of the Trustees then in office. As set forth in the Declaration of Trust, a Trustee’s term of office shall continue until
his or her death, resignation or removal. Subject to the provisions of the 1940 Act, individuals may be appointed by the Trustees at any
time to fill vacancies on the Board by the appointment of such persons by a majority of the Trustees then in office. Each Trustee shall
hold office until his or her successor shall have been appointed pursuant to the Declaration of Trust. To the extent that the 1940 Act
requires that Trustees be elected by Shareholders, any such Trustees will be elected by a plurality of all Shares voted at a meeting of
Shareholders at which a quorum is present.
The
Declaration of Trust provides that any Trustee may be removed (provided that after the removal the aggregate number of Trustees is not
less than the minimum required by the Declaration of Trust) (i) with cause, by at least two-thirds (66 2/3%) of the remaining Trustees;
or (ii) without cause, by all of the remaining Trustees.
Action
by Shareholders
The
Declaration of Trust provides that Shareholder action can be taken only at a meeting of Shareholders or by unanimous written consent in
lieu of a meeting. Subject to the 1940 Act, the Declaration of Trust or a resolution of the Board specifying a greater or lesser vote
requirement, the affirmative vote of a majority of Shares present in person or represented by proxy at a meeting and entitled to vote
on the subject matter shall be the act of the Shareholders with respect to any matter submitted to a vote of the Shareholders.
Amendment
of Declaration of Trust and Bylaws
Subject
to the provisions of the 1940 Act, pursuant to the Declaration of Trust, the Board may amend the Declaration of Trust without any vote
of Shareholders. Pursuant to the Declaration of Trust and bylaws, the Board has the exclusive power to amend or repeal the bylaws or adopt
new bylaws at any time.
No
Appraisal Rights
In
certain extraordinary transactions, some jurisdictions provide the right to dissenting Shareholders to demand and receive the fair value
of their Shares, subject to certain procedures and requirements set forth in such statute. Those rights are commonly referred to as appraisal
rights. The Declaration of Trust provides that Shares shall not entitle Shareholders to appraisal rights.
Conflict
with Applicable Laws and Regulations
The
Declaration of Trust provides that if and to the extent that any provision of the Declaration of Trust conflicts with any provision of
the 1940 Act, the provisions under the Code applicable to the Fund as a RIC or other applicable laws and regulations, the conflicting
provision shall be deemed never to have constituted a part of the Declaration of Trust; provided, however, that such determination shall
not affect any of the remaining provisions of the Declaration of Trust or affect the validity of any action taken or omitted to be taken
prior to such determination.
TAX
ASPECTS
The
following is a general summary of certain material U.S. federal income tax considerations applicable to the Fund and an investment in
the Fund. The discussion below provides general tax information related to an investment in the Fund, but does not purport to be a complete
description of the U.S. federal income tax consequences of an investment in the Fund and does not address any state, local, non-U.S. or
other tax consequences. It is based on the Code and U.S. Treasury regulations thereunder and administrative pronouncements, all as of
the date hereof, any of which is subject to change, possibly with retroactive effect. In addition, it does not describe all of the tax
consequences that may be relevant in light of a Shareholder’s particular circumstances, including (but not limited to) alternative
minimum tax consequences and tax consequences applicable to Shareholders subject to special tax rules, such as certain financial institutions;
dealers or traders in securities who use a mark-to-market method of tax accounting; persons holding Shares as part of a hedging transaction,
wash sale, conversion transaction or integrated transaction or persons entering into a constructive sale with respect to Shares; entities
classified as partnerships or other pass-through entities for U.S. federal income tax purposes; insurance companies; U.S. Shareholders
(as defined below) whose functional currency is not the U.S. dollar; or tax-exempt entities, including “individual retirement accounts”
or “Roth IRAs.” Unless otherwise noted, the following discussion applies only to a Shareholder that holds Shares as a capital
asset and is a U.S. Shareholder. A “U.S. Shareholder” generally is a beneficial owner of Shares who is for U.S. federal income
tax purposes:
•
an
individual who is a citizen or resident of the United States;
•
a
corporation, or other entity taxable as a corporation, created or organized in or under the laws of the United States, any state thereof
or the District of Columbia;
•
an
estate the income of which is subject to U.S. federal income taxation regardless of its source; or
•
a
trust if it (a) is subject to the primary supervision of a court within the United States and one or more U.S. persons have the authority
to control all substantial decisions of the trust or (b) has a valid election in effect under applicable U.S. Treasury regulations
to be treated as a U.S. person.
If
a partnership (including an entity treated as a partnership for U.S. federal income tax purposes) holds Shares, the tax treatment of a
partner in the partnership will generally depend upon the status of the partner and the activities of the partnership. A prospective Shareholder
that is a partner in a partnership holding Shares should consult his, her or its tax advisors with respect to the purchase, ownership
and disposition of Shares.
The
discussion set forth herein does not constitute tax advice. Tax laws are complex and often change, and Shareholders should consult their
tax advisors about the U.S. federal, state, local or non-U.S. tax consequences of an investment in the Fund.
Taxation
of the Fund
The
Fund has elected to be treated for U.S. federal income tax purposes, and intends to qualify annually, as a RIC under Subchapter M of the
Code. As a RIC, the Fund generally will not be subject to corporate-level U.S. federal income taxes on any ordinary income or capital
gains that it distributes as dividends to Shareholders. To qualify as a RIC in any tax year, the Fund must, among other things, satisfy
both a source of income test and asset diversification tests. The Fund will qualify as a RIC if (i) at least 90% of the Fund’s
gross income for such tax year consists of dividends; interest; payments with respect to certain securities loans; gains from the sale
or other disposition of shares, securities or foreign currencies; other income (including, but not limited to, gains from options, futures
or forward contracts) derived with respect to its business of investing in such shares, securities or currencies; and net income derived
from interests in “qualified publicly-traded partnerships” (such income, “Qualifying RIC Income”); and
(ii) the Fund’s holdings are diversified so that, at the end of each quarter of such tax year, (a) at least 50% of the
value of the Fund’s total assets is represented by cash and cash equivalents, securities of other RICs, U.S. government securities
and other securities, with such other securities limited, in respect of any one issuer, to an amount not greater than 5% of the value
of the Fund’s total assets and not greater than 10% of the outstanding voting securities of such issuer and (b) not more than
25% of the value of the Fund’s total assets is invested (x) in securities (other than U.S. government securities or securities
of other RICs) of any
one
issuer or of two or more issuers that the Fund controls and that are engaged in the same, similar or related trades or businesses or (y) in
the securities of one or more “qualified publicly-traded partnerships.” The Fund’s share of income derived from a partnership
other than a “qualified publicly-traded partnership” will be treated as Qualifying RIC Income only to the extent that such
income would have constituted Qualifying RIC Income if derived directly by the Fund. A “qualified publicly-traded partnership”
is generally defined as an entity that is treated as a partnership for U.S. federal income tax purposes if (1) interests in such
entity are traded on an established securities market or are readily tradable on a secondary market or the substantial equivalent thereof
and (2) less than 90% of its gross income for the relevant tax year consists of Qualifying RIC Income. The Code provides that the
Treasury Department may by regulation exclude from Qualifying RIC Income foreign currency gains that are not directly related to the RIC’s
principal business of investing in shares or securities (or options and futures with respect to shares or securities). The Fund anticipates
that, in general, its foreign currency gains will be directly related to its principal business of investing in shares and securities.
In
addition, to maintain RIC tax treatment, the Fund must distribute on a timely basis with respect to each tax year dividends of an amount
at least equal to 90% of the sum of its “investment company taxable income” and its net tax-exempt interest income, determined
without regard to any deduction for dividends paid, to Shareholders (the “90% distribution requirement”). If the Fund qualifies
as a RIC and satisfies the 90% distribution requirement, the Fund generally will not be subject to U.S. federal income tax on its “investment
company taxable income” and net capital gains (that is, the excess of net long-term capital gains over net short-term capital losses)
that it distributes as dividends to Shareholders (including amounts that are reinvested pursuant to the DRP). In general, a RIC’s
“investment company taxable income” for any tax year is its taxable income, determined without regard to net capital gains
and with certain other adjustments. The Fund intends to distribute all or substantially all of its “investment company taxable income,”
net tax-exempt interest income (if any) and net capital gains on an annual basis. Any taxable income, including any net capital gains
that the Fund does not distribute in a timely manner, will be subject to U.S. federal income tax at regular corporate rates.
If
the Fund retains any net capital gains for reinvestment, it may elect to treat such capital gains as having been distributed to Shareholders.
If the Fund makes such an election, each Shareholder will be required to report its share of such undistributed net capital gains attributed
to the Fund as long-term capital gain and will be entitled to claim its share of the U.S. federal income taxes paid by the Fund on such
undistributed net capital gains as a credit against its own U.S. federal income tax liability, if any, and to claim a refund on a properly-filed
U.S. federal income tax return to the extent that the credit exceeds such liability. In addition, each Shareholder will be entitled to
increase the adjusted tax basis of its Shares by the difference between its share of such undistributed net capital gain and the related
credit. There can be no assurance that the Fund will make this election if it retains all or a portion of its net capital gain for a tax
year.
As
a RIC, the Fund will be, subject to a nondeductible 4% federal excise tax on certain undistributed amounts for each calendar year (the
“4% excise tax”). To avoid the 4% excise tax, the Fund must distribute in respect of each calendar year dividends of an amount
at least equal to the sum of (1) 98% of its ordinary taxable income (taking into account certain deferrals and elections) for the
calendar year, (2) 98.2% of its capital gain net income (adjusted for certain ordinary losses) generally for the one-year period
ending on October 31 of the calendar year and (3) any ordinary income and capital gains for previous calendar years that
were not distributed during those calendar years. For purposes of determining whether the Fund has met this distribution requirement,
the Fund will be deemed to have distributed any income or gains previously subject to U.S. federal income tax. Furthermore, any distribution
declared by the Fund in October, November or December of any calendar year, payable to Shareholders, of record on a specified date in
such a month and actually paid during January of the following calendar year, will be treated for tax purposes as if it had been paid
on December 31 of the calendar year in which the distribution was declared. The Fund generally intends to avoid the imposition of
the 4% excise tax, but there can be no assurance in this regard.
If
the Fund fails to qualify as a RIC or fails to satisfy the 90% distribution requirement in respect of any tax year, the Fund would be
subject to U.S. federal income tax at regular corporate rates on its taxable income, including its net capital gains, even if such income
were distributed, and all distributions out of
earnings
and profits would be taxed as ordinary dividend income. Such distributions generally would be eligible for the dividends-received deduction
in the case of certain corporate Shareholders and may be eligible to be qualified dividend income in the case of certain non-corporate
Shareholders, in each case, subject to certain holding period and other requirements. In addition, the Fund could be required to recognize
unrealized gains, pay taxes and make distributions (any of which could be subject to interest charges) before re-qualifying for taxation
as a RIC. If the Fund fails to satisfy either the income test or asset diversification test described above, in certain cases, however,
the Fund may be able to avoid losing its status as a RIC by timely providing notice of such failure to the IRS, curing such failure and
possibly paying an additional tax or penalty.
Some
of the investments that the Fund is expected to make, such as investments in debt instruments having market discount and/or treated as
issued with OID, may cause the Fund to recognize income or gain for U.S. federal income tax purposes prior to the receipt of any corresponding
cash or other property. As a result, the Fund may have difficulty meeting the 90% distribution requirement necessary to maintain RIC tax
treatment. Because this income will be included in the Fund’s investment company taxable income for the tax year it is accrued,
the Fund may be required to make a distribution to Shareholders to meet the 90% distribution requirement described above, even though
the Fund will not have received any corresponding cash or property. The Fund may be required to borrow money, dispose of other securities
or forgo new investment opportunities for this purpose.
There
may be uncertainty as to the appropriate treatment of certain of the Fund’s investments for U.S. federal income tax purposes. In
particular, the Fund expects to invest a portion of its net assets in below investment grade instruments. U.S. federal income tax rules
with respect to such instruments are not entirely clear about issues such as whether and to what extent the Fund should recognize interest,
OID or market discount, when and to what extent deductions may be taken for bad debts or worthless instruments, how payments received
on obligations in default should be allocated between principal and income and whether exchanges of debt obligations in a bankruptcy or
workout context are taxable. These and other issues will be addressed by the Fund, to the extent necessary, in connection with the Fund’s
general intention to distribute sufficient income to qualify, and maintain its qualification to be subject to tax as a RIC and to minimize
the risk that it becomes subject to U.S. federal income or excise tax.
Income
received by the Fund from sources outside the United States may be subject to withholding and other taxes imposed by such countries, thereby
reducing income available to the Fund. Tax conventions between certain countries and the United States may reduce or eliminate such taxes.
The Fund generally intends to conduct its investment activities to minimize the impact of foreign taxation, but there is no guarantee
that the Fund will be successful in this regard. If more than 50% of the value of the Fund’s total assets at the close of its tax
year consists of securities of foreign corporations, the Fund will be eligible to elect to “pass-through” to the Shareholders
the foreign source amount of income deemed earned and the respective amount of foreign taxes paid by the Fund. If the Fund so elects,
each Shareholder would be required to include in gross income, even though not actually received, each Shareholder’s pro rata
share of the foreign taxes paid or deemed paid by the Fund, but would be treated as having paid its pro rata
share of such foreign taxes and would therefore be allowed to either deduct such amount in computing taxable income or use such amount
(subject to various limitations) as a foreign tax credit against federal income tax (but not both).
The
Fund may invest in shares of foreign companies that are classified under the Code as passive foreign investment companies (“PFICs”).
In general, a foreign company is considered a PFIC if at least 50% of its assets constitute investment-type assets or 75% or more of its
gross income is investment-type income. In general under the PFIC rules, an “excess distribution” received with respect to
PFIC shares is treated as having been realized ratably over the period during which the Fund held the PFIC shares. The Fund generally
will be subject to tax on the portion, if any, of the excess distribution that is allocated to the Fund’s holding period in prior
tax years (and an interest factor will be added to the tax, as if the tax had actually been payable in such prior tax years)
even though the Fund distributes the corresponding income to Shareholders. Excess distributions include any gain from the sale of PFIC
shares as well as certain distributions from a PFIC. All excess distributions are taxable as ordinary income.
The
Fund may be eligible to elect alternative tax treatment with respect to PFIC shares. Under one such election (i.e.,
a “QEF” election), the Fund generally would be required to include in its gross income its
share
of the earnings of a PFIC on a current basis, regardless of whether any distributions are received from the PFIC. If this election is
made, the special rules, discussed above, relating to the taxation of excess distributions, would not apply. Furthermore, under U.S. Treasury
Regulations, certain income derived by the Fund from a PFIC with respect to which the Fund has made a QEF election would generally constitute
qualifying income for purposes of determining the Fund’s ability to be subject to tax as a RIC to the extent the PFIC makes distributions
of that income to the Fund or if the income was derived with respect to the Fund’s business of investing. Alternatively, the Fund
may be able to elect to mark its PFIC shares to market, resulting in any unrealized gains at the Fund’s tax year end being treated
as though they were recognized and reported as ordinary income. Any mark-to-market losses and any loss from an actual disposition of the
PFIC’s Shares would be deductible as ordinary losses to the extent of any net mark-to-market gains included in income in prior tax years
with respect to shares in the same PFIC.
Because
the application of the PFIC rules may affect, among other things, the character of gains, the amount of gain or loss and the timing of
the recognition of income, gain or loss with respect to PFIC shares, as well as subject the Fund itself to tax on certain income from
PFIC shares, the amount that must be distributed to Fund Shareholders, and which will be recognized by Fund Shareholders as
ordinary income or long-term capital gain, may be increased or decreased substantially as compared to a fund that did not invest in PFIC
shares. Note that distributions from a PFIC are not eligible for the reduced rate of tax on distributions of “qualified dividend
income” as discussed below.
Some
of the CLOs in which the Fund invests may be PFICs, which are generally subject to the tax consequences described above. Investment in
certain equity interests of CLOs that are subject to treatment as PFICs for U.S. federal income tax purposes may cause the Fund to recognize
income in a tax year in excess of the Fund’s distributions from such CLOs, PFICs and the Fund’s proceeds from sales or other
dispositions of equity interests in other CLOs and other PFICs during that tax year. As a result, the Fund generally would be required
to distribute such income to satisfy the 90% distribution requirement applicable to RICs.
If
the Fund holds more than 10% of the interests treated as equity for U.S. federal income tax purposes in a foreign corporation that is
treated as a controlled foreign corporation (“CFC”), including equity tranche investments and certain debt tranche investments
in a CLO treated as a CFC, the Fund may be treated as receiving a deemed distribution (taxable as ordinary income) each tax year from
such foreign corporation of an amount equal to the Fund’s pro rata
share of the foreign corporation’s earnings for such tax year (including both ordinary earnings and capital gains), whether or not
the corporation makes an actual distribution to the Fund during such tax year. This deemed distribution is required to be included in
the income of certain U.S. shareholders of a CFC, such as the Fund, regardless of whether a U.S. shareholder has made a QEF election with
respect to such CFC. The Fund is generally required to distribute such income in order to satisfy the 90% distribution requirement applicable
to RICs, even to the extent the Fund’s income from a CFC exceeds the distributions from the CFC and the Fund’s proceeds from
the sales or other dispositions of CFC stock during that tax year. As such, the Fund may limit and/or manage its holdings in issuers that
could be treated as CFCs in order to ensure the Fund’s continued qualification as a RIC and/or maximize the Fund’s after-tax
return from these investments. In general, a foreign corporation will be treated as a CFC for U.S. federal income tax purposes if more
than 50% of the shares of the foreign corporation, measured by reference to combined voting power or value, is owned (directly, indirectly
or by attribution) by U.S. Shareholders. A “U.S. Shareholder,” for this purpose, is any U.S. person that possesses (actually
or constructively) 10% or more of the combined voting power or value of all classes of shares of a corporation.
The
functional currency of the Fund, for U.S. federal income tax purposes, is the U.S. dollar. Gains or losses attributable to fluctuations
in foreign currency exchange rates that occur between the time a Fund accrues interest income or other receivables or accrues expenses
or other liabilities denominated in a foreign currency and the time the Fund actually collects such receivables or pays such liabilities
generally are respectively characterized as ordinary income or ordinary loss for U.S. federal income tax purposes. Similarly, on the sale
of other disposition of certain investments, including debt securities, certain forward contracts, as well as other derivative financial
instruments, denominated in a foreign currency, gains or losses attributable to fluctuations in the value of foreign currency between
the date of acquisition of the security or contract and the date of disposition also are generally treated as ordinary gain or loss. These
gains
and losses, referred to under the Code as “section 988” gains and losses, may increase or decrease the amount of the Fund’s
investment company taxable income subject to distribution to Fund Shareholders as ordinary income. For example, fluctuations in exchange
rates may increase the amount of income that the Fund must distribute to qualify for tax treatment as a RIC and to prevent application
of an excise tax on undistributed income. Alternatively, fluctuations in exchange rates may decrease or eliminate income available for
distribution. If section 988 losses exceed other investment company taxable income during a tax year, the Fund would not be able to distribute
amounts considered dividends for U.S. federal income tax purposes, and any distributions during a tax year made by the Fund before such
losses were recognized would be re-characterized as a return of capital to Fund Shareholders for U.S. federal income tax purposes,
rather than as ordinary dividend income, and would reduce each Fund Shareholder’s tax basis in Fund Shares.
If
the Fund utilizes leverage through the issuance of Preferred Shares or borrowings, it will be prohibited from declaring a distribution
or dividend if it would fail the applicable asset coverage test(s) under the 1940 Act after the payment of such distribution or dividend.
In addition, certain covenants in credit facilities or indentures may impose greater restrictions on the Fund’s ability to declare
and pay dividends on Fund Shares. Limits on the Fund’s ability to pay dividends on Fund Shares may prevent the Fund from
meeting the 90% distribution requirement described above and, as a result, may affect the Fund’s ability to be subject to tax as
a RIC or subject the Fund to the 4% excise tax. The Fund endeavors to avoid restrictions on its ability to make distribution payments.
If the Fund is precluded from making distributions on Fund Shares because of any applicable asset coverage requirements, the terms
of Preferred Shares (if any) may provide that any amounts so precluded from being distributed, but required to be distributed by the Fund
to enable the Fund to satisfy the 90% distribution requirement that would enable the Fund to be subject to tax as a RIC, will be paid
to the holders of Preferred Shares as a special distribution. This distribution can be expected to decrease the amount that holders of
Preferred Shares would be entitled to receive upon redemption or liquidation of such Preferred Shares.
Certain
of the Fund’s investments are expected to be subject to special U.S. federal income tax provisions that may, among other things,
(1) disallow, suspend or otherwise limit the allowance of certain losses or deductions, (2) convert lower-taxed long-term capital
gains into higher-taxed short-term capital gains or ordinary income, (3) convert an ordinary loss or a deduction into a capital loss,
the deductibility of which is more limited, (4) adversely affect when a purchase or sale of shares or securities is deemed to occur,
(5) adversely alter the intended characterization of certain complex financial transactions, (6) cause the Fund to recognize
income or gain without a corresponding receipt of cash, (7) treat dividends that would otherwise constitute qualified dividend income
as non-qualified dividend income, (8) treat dividends that would otherwise be eligible for the corporate dividends received deduction
as ineligible for such treatment and (9) produce income that will not constitute Qualifying RIC Income. The application of these
rules could cause the Fund to be subject to U.S. federal income tax or the 4% excise tax and, under certain circumstances, could affect
the Fund’s status as a RIC. The Fund monitors its investments and may make certain tax elections to mitigate the effect of these
provisions.
Under
current tax law, conversion between share classes is generally not expected to be a taxable event to the Shareholder.
The
remainder of this discussion assumes that the Fund has qualified and maintain its qualification as a RIC and has satisfied the 90% distribution
requirement described above.
Taxation
of U.S. Shareholders
Distributions
Distributions
of the Fund’s ordinary income and net short-term capital gains will, except as described below with respect to distributions of
“qualified dividend income,” generally be taxable to Shareholders as ordinary income to the extent such distributions are
paid out of the Fund’s current or accumulated earnings and profits, as determined for U.S. federal income tax purposes. Distributions
(or deemed distributions, as described above), if any, of net capital gains will be taxable as long-term capital gains, regardless of
the length of time a Shareholder has owned Shares. The ultimate tax characterization of the Fund’s distributions made in a tax year
cannot be determined until after the end of the tax year. As a result, the
Fund
may make total distributions during a tax year in an amount that exceeds the current and accumulated earnings and profits of the Fund.
A distribution of an amount in excess of the Fund’s current and accumulated earnings and profits will be treated by a Shareholder
as a return of capital that will be applied against and reduce the Shareholder’s tax basis in its Shares. To the extent that the
amount of any such distribution exceeds the Shareholder’s tax basis in its Shares, the excess will be treated as gain from a sale
or exchange of Shares. Distributions will be treated in the manner described above regardless of whether such distributions are paid in
cash or invested in additional Shares. Generally, for U.S. federal income tax purposes, a Shareholder receiving Shares under the DRP will
be treated as having received a distribution equal to the fair market value of such Shares on the date the Shares are credited to the
Shareholder’s account.
A
return of capital to Shareholders is a return of a portion of their original investment in the Fund, thereby reducing the tax basis of
their investment. As a result from such reduction in tax basis, Shareholders may be subject to tax in connection with the sale of Fund Shares,
even if such Shares are sold at a loss relative to the Shareholder’s original investment.
It
is expected that a substantial portion of the Fund’s income will consist of ordinary income. For example, interest and OID derived
by the Fund characterized as ordinary income for U.S. federal income tax purposes. In addition, gain derived by the Fund from the disposition
of debt instruments with “market discount” (generally, securities with a fixed maturity date of more than one year
from the date of issuance acquired by the Fund at a price below the lesser of their stated redemption price at maturity or accreted value,
in the case of securities with OID) will be characterized as ordinary income for U.S. federal income tax purposes to the extent of the
market discount that has accrued, as determined for U.S. federal income tax purposes, at the time of such disposition, unless the Fund
makes an election to accrue market discount on a current basis. In addition, certain of the Fund’s investments will be subject to
other special U.S. federal income tax provisions that may affect the character, increase the amount and/or accelerate the timing of distributions
to Shareholders.
Certain
distributions reported by the Fund as Section 163(j) interest dividends may be treated as interest income by Shareholders for purposes
of the tax rules applicable to interest expense limitations under Section 163(j). Such treatment by the Shareholder is generally
subject to holding period requirements and other potential limitations, although the holding period requirements are generally not applicable
to dividends declared by money market funds and certain other funds that declare dividends daily and pay such dividends on a monthly or
more frequent basis. The amount that the Fund is eligible to report as a Section 163(j) dividend for a tax year is generally limited
to the excess of the Fund’s business interest income over the sum of the Fund’s (i) business interest expense and (ii) other
deductions properly allocable to the Fund’s business interest income.
Distributions
made by the Fund to a corporate Shareholder will qualify for the dividends-received deduction only to the extent that the distributions
consist of qualifying dividends received by the Fund. In addition, any portion of the Fund’s dividends otherwise qualifying for
the dividends-received deduction will be disallowed or reduced if the corporate Shareholder fails to satisfy certain requirements, including
a holding period requirement, with respect to its Shares. Distributions of “qualified dividend income” to an individual or
other non-corporate Shareholder will be treated as “qualified dividend income” to such Shareholder and generally will be taxed
at long-term capital gain rates, provided the Shareholder satisfies the applicable holding period and other requirements. “Qualified
dividend income” generally includes dividends from domestic corporations and dividends from foreign corporations that meet certain
specified criteria. Given the Fund’s investment strategy, it is not expected that a significant portion of the distributions made
by the Fund will be eligible for the dividends-received deduction or the reduced rates applicable to “qualified dividend income.”
If
a person acquires Shares shortly before the record date of a distribution, the price of the Shares may include the value of the distribution,
and the person will be subject to tax on the distribution even though economically it may represent a return of his, her or its investment
in such Shares.
Distributions
paid by the Fund generally will be treated as received by a Shareholder at the time the distribution is made. However, the Fund may, under
certain circumstances, elect to treat a distribution that is paid during the following tax year as if it had been paid during the tax
year in which the income or gains
supporting
the distribution was earned. If the Fund makes such an election, the Shareholder will still be treated as receiving the distribution in
the tax year in which the distribution is received. In this instance, however, any distribution declared by the Fund in October, November
or December of any calendar year, payable to Shareholders of record on a specified date in such a month and actually paid during January
of the following calendar year, will be treated for tax purposes as if it had been received by Shareholders on December 31 of the
calendar year in which the distribution was declared.
The
Fund (or if a Shareholder holds Shares through an intermediary, such intermediary) will send to its Shareholders, as promptly as possible
after the end of each calendar year, the U.S. federal tax status of distributions, including the amounts includible in such Shareholder’s
taxable income for such year as ordinary income and as long-term capital gain. In addition, the federal tax status of each year’s
distributions generally will be reported to the IRS, including the amount of distributions, if any, eligible for the preferential maximum
rate generally applicable to long-term capital gains. Shareholders receiving distributions in the form of additional Shares will receive
a report as to the NAV of those Shares. Distributions paid by the Fund generally will not be eligible for the corporate dividends received
deduction or the preferential tax rate applicable to Qualifying Dividends because the Fund’s income generally will not consist of
dividends.
Distributions
may also be subject to additional state, local and foreign taxes depending on a Shareholder’s particular situation.
Sale
or Exchange of Shares
The
repurchase or transfer of Shares may result in a taxable gain or loss to the tendering Shareholder. Different tax consequences may apply
for tendering and non-tendering Shareholders in connection with a repurchase offer. For example, if a Shareholder does not tender all
of his or her Shares, such repurchase may not be treated as a sale or exchange for U.S. federal income tax purposes, and may result in
deemed distributions to non-tendering Shareholders. On the other hand, Shareholders holding Shares as capital assets who tender all of
their Shares (including Shares deemed owned by Shareholders under constructive ownership rules) will be treated as having sold their Shares
and generally will recognize capital gain or loss. The amount of the gain or loss will be equal to the difference between the amount received
for the Shares and the Shareholder’s adjusted tax basis in the relevant Shares. Such gain or loss generally will be a long-term
capital gain or loss if the Shareholder has held such Shares as capital assets for more than one year. Otherwise, the gain or loss will
be treated as short-term capital gain or loss.
Losses
realized by a Shareholder on the sale or exchange of Shares held as capital assets for six months or less will be treated as long-term
capital losses to the extent of any distribution of long-term capital gains received (or deemed received, as discussed above) with respect
to such Shares. In addition, no loss will be allowed on a sale or other disposition of Shares if the Shareholder acquires (including through
reinvestment of distributions or otherwise) Shares, or enters into a contract or option to acquire Shares, within 30 days before
or after any disposition of such Shares at a loss. In such a case, the basis of the Shares acquired will be adjusted to reflect the disallowed
loss. Under current law, net capital gains recognized by non-corporate Shareholders are generally subject to U.S. federal income tax at
lower rates than the rates applicable to ordinary income.
In
general, Shareholders currently are generally subject to a maximum federal income tax rate of either 15% or 20% (depending on whether
the Shareholder’s income exceeds certain threshold amounts) on their net capital gain (i.e.,
the excess of realized net long-term capital gains over realized net short-term capital losses), including any long-term capital gain
derived from an investment in Shares. Such rate is lower than the maximum rate on ordinary income currently payable by individuals. Corporate
Shareholders currently are subject to U.S. federal income tax on net capital gain at the maximum rate also applied to ordinary income
(currently at 21%). Non-corporate Shareholders with net capital losses for a tax year (i.e.,
capital losses in excess of capital gains) generally may deduct up to $3,000 of such losses against their ordinary income each tax year.
Any net capital losses of a non-corporate Shareholder in excess of $3,000 generally may be carried forward and used in subsequent tax years
as provided in the Code. Corporate Shareholders generally may not deduct any net capital losses for a tax year, but may carry back such
losses for three tax years or carry forward such losses for five tax years.
An
additional 3.8% Medicare tax is imposed on certain net investment income (including ordinary dividends and capital gain distributions
received from the Fund and net gains from redemptions or other taxable dispositions of Shares) of U.S. individuals, estates and trusts
to the extent that such person’s “modified adjusted gross income” (in the case of an individual) or “adjusted
gross income” (in the case of an estate or trust) exceeds certain threshold amounts. U.S. persons that are individuals, estates
or trusts are urged to consult their tax advisors regarding the applicability of this tax to their income and gains in respect of their
investment in the Fund.
Under
U.S. Treasury regulations, if a Shareholder recognizes losses with respect to Shares of $2 million or more for an individual Shareholder
or $10 million or more for a corporate Shareholder, the Shareholder must file with the IRS a disclosure statement on IRS Form 8886.
Direct shareholders of portfolio securities are in many cases excepted from this reporting requirement, but under current guidance, shareholders
of a RIC are not excepted. Future guidance may extend the current exception from this reporting requirement to shareholders of most or
all RICs. The fact that a loss is reportable under these regulations does not affect the legal determination of whether the taxpayer’s
treatment of the loss is proper. Shareholders should consult their tax advisors to determine the applicability of these regulations in
light of their individual circumstances.
Reporting
of adjusted cost basis information is required for covered securities, which generally include shares of a RIC acquired after January 1,
2012, to the IRS and to taxpayers. Shareholders should contact their Financial Intermediaries with respect to reporting of cost basis
and available elections for their accounts.
Backup
Withholding and Information Reporting
Information
returns will be filed with the IRS in connection with payments on Shares and the proceeds from a sale or other disposition of Shares.
A Shareholder will be subject to backup withholding on all such payments if it fails to provide the payor with its correct taxpayer identification
number (generally, in the case of a U.S. resident Shareholder, on an IRS Form W-9) and to make required certifications or otherwise establish
an exemption from backup withholding. Corporate Shareholders and certain other Shareholders generally are exempt from backup withholding.
Backup withholding is not an additional tax. Any amounts withheld as backup withholding may be credited against the applicable Shareholder’s
U.S. federal income tax liability, provided the required information is timely furnished to the IRS.
Taxation
of Non-U.S. Shareholders
Whether
an investment in the Fund is appropriate for a non-U.S. Shareholder (as defined below) will depend upon that investor’s particular
circumstances. An investment in the Fund by a non-U.S. Shareholder may have adverse tax consequences. Non-U.S. Shareholders should consult
their tax advisors before investing in Shares.
The
U.S. federal income taxation of a Shareholder that is a nonresident alien individual, a foreign trust or estate or a foreign corporation,
as defined for U.S. federal income tax purposes (a “non-U.S. Shareholder”), depends on whether the income that the Shareholder
derives from the Fund is “effectively connected” with a U.S. trade or business carried on by the Shareholder.
If
the income that a non-U.S. Shareholder derives from the Fund is not “effectively connected” with a U.S. trade or business
carried on by such non-U.S. Shareholder, distributions of “investment company taxable income” will generally be subject to
a U.S. federal withholding tax at a rate of 30% (or a lower rate provided under an applicable treaty). Alternatively, if the income that
a non-U.S. Shareholder derives from the Fund is effectively connected with a U.S. trade or business of the non-U.S. Shareholder, the Fund
will not be required to withhold U.S. federal tax if the non-U.S. Shareholder complies with applicable certification and disclosure requirements,
although such income will be subject to U.S. federal income tax in the manner described below and at the rates applicable to U.S. residents.
Backup withholding will not, however, be applied to payments that have been subject to this 30% withholding tax applicable to non-U.S.
Shareholders.
A
non-U.S. Shareholder whose income from the Fund is not “effectively connected” with a U.S. trade or business will generally
be exempt from U.S. federal income tax on capital gains distributions, any amounts retained by the Fund that are designated as undistributed
capital gains and any gains realized
upon
the sale or exchange of Shares. If, however, such a non-U.S. Shareholder is a nonresident alien individual and is physically present in
the United States for 183 days or more during the tax year and meets certain other requirements such capital gains distributions,
undistributed capital gains and gains from the sale or exchange of Shares will be subject to a 30% U.S. tax.
Furthermore,
properly reported distributions by the Fund and received by non-U.S. Shareholders are generally exempt from U.S. federal withholding tax
when they (a) are paid by the Fund in respect of the Fund’s “qualified net interest income” (i.e.,
the Fund’s U.S. source interest income, subject to certain exceptions, reduced by expenses that are allocable to such income), or
(b) are paid by the Fund in connection with the Fund’s “qualified short-term capital gains” (generally,
the excess of the Fund’s net short-term capital gains over the Fund’s long-term capital losses for such tax year). However,
depending on the circumstances, the Fund may report all, some or none of the Fund’s potentially eligible distributions as derived
from such qualified net interest income or from such qualified short-term capital gains, and a portion of such distributions (e.g.,
derived from interest from non-U.S. sources or any foreign currency gains) would be ineligible for this potential exemption from withholding.
Moreover, in the case of Shares held through an intermediary, the intermediary may have withheld amounts even if the Fund reported all
or a portion of a distribution as exempt from U.S. federal withholding tax. To qualify for this exemption from withholding, a non-U.S.
Shareholder must comply with applicable certification requirements relating to its non-U.S. tax residency status (including, in general,
furnishing an IRS Form W-8BEN, IRS Form W-8BEN-E, IRS Form W-8ECI, IRS Form W-8IMY or IRS Form W-8EXP, or an acceptable substitute or
successor form). Thus, an investment in the Shares by a non-U.S. Shareholder may have adverse tax consequences as compared to a direct
investment in the assets in which the Fund will invest.
If
the income from the Fund is “effectively connected” with a U.S. trade or business carried on by a non-U.S. Shareholder, any
distributions of “investment company taxable income,” capital gains distributions, amounts retained by the Fund that are designated
as undistributed capital gains and any gains realized upon the sale or exchange of Shares will be subject to U.S. income tax, on a net
income basis, in the same manner, and at the graduated rates applicable to, U.S. persons. If such a non-U.S. Shareholder is a corporation,
it may also be subject to the U.S. branch profits tax.
A
non-U.S. Shareholder other than a corporation may be subject to backup withholding on net capital gains distributions that are otherwise
exempt from withholding tax or on distributions that would otherwise be taxable at a reduced treaty rate if such Shareholder does not
certify its non-U.S. status under penalties of perjury or otherwise establish an exemption.
If
the Fund distributes net capital gains in the form of deemed rather than actual distributions, a non-U.S. Shareholder will be entitled
to a U.S. federal income tax credit or tax refund equal to the Shareholder’s allocable share of the tax the Fund pays on the capital
gains deemed to have been distributed. To obtain the refund, the non-U.S. Shareholder must obtain a U.S. taxpayer identification number
and file a federal income tax return even if the non-U.S. Shareholder would not otherwise be required to obtain a U.S. taxpayer identification
number or file a federal income tax return.
Under
the Foreign Account Tax Compliance Act provisions of the Code, the Fund is required to withhold U.S. tax (at a 30% rate) on payments of
taxable dividends made to certain non-U.S. entities that fail to comply (or be deemed compliant) with extensive reporting and withholding
requirements in the Code designed to inform the U.S. Department of the Treasury of U.S.-owned foreign investment accounts. Shareholders
may be requested to provide additional information to the Fund to enable the Fund to determine whether withholding is required.
The
tax consequences to a non-U.S. Shareholder entitled to claim the benefits of an applicable tax treaty may differ from those described
herein. Non-U.S. Shareholders are advised to consult their tax advisors with respect to the particular tax consequences to them of an
investment in the Fund, including the potential application of the U.S. estate tax.
Other
Taxes
Shareholders
may be subject to state, local and non-U.S. taxes applicable to their investment in the Fund. In those states or localities, entity-level
tax treatment and the treatment of distributions made to Shareholders under those jurisdictions’ tax laws may differ from the treatment
under the Code. Accordingly, an investment in Shares may have tax consequences for Shareholders that are different from those of a direct
investment in the Fund’s portfolio investments. Shareholders are advised to consult their tax advisors with respect to the particular
tax consequences to them of an investment in the Fund.
ERISA
CONSIDERATIONS
Employee
benefit plans and other plans subject to ERISA or the Code, including corporate savings and 401(k) plans, IRAs and Keogh Plans (each,
an “ERISA Plan”) may purchase Shares. ERISA imposes certain general and specific responsibilities on persons who are fiduciaries
with respect to an ERISA Plan, including prudence, diversification, prohibited transactions and other standards. Because the Fund is registered
as an investment company under the 1940 Act, the underlying assets of the Fund will not be considered to be “plan assets”
of any ERISA Plan investing in the Fund for purposes of the fiduciary responsibility and prohibited transaction rules under Title I of
ERISA or Section 4975 of the Code. Thus, none of the Fund or the Advisors will be a fiduciary within the meaning of ERISA or Section 4975
of the Code with respect to the assets of any ERISA Plan that becomes a Shareholder, solely as a result of the ERISA Plan’s investment
in the Fund.
The
provisions of ERISA are subject to extensive and continuing administrative and judicial interpretation and review. The discussion of ERISA
contained herein is, of necessity, general and may be affected by future publication of regulations and rulings. Potential investors should
consult their legal advisers regarding the consequences under ERISA of an investment in the Fund through an ERISA Plan.
ANTI-TAKEOVER
PROVISIONS IN THE DECLARATION OF TRUST
The
Declaration of Trust includes provisions that could have the effect of limiting the ability of other entities or persons to acquire control
of the Fund or to change the composition of the Board. These provisions may have the effect of discouraging attempts to acquire control
of the Fund, which attempts could have the effect of increasing the expenses of the Fund and interfering with the normal operation of
the Fund. The Trustees are elected for indefinite terms and do not stand for reelection. A Trustee may be removed from office (i) with
cause only by a written instrument signed or adopted by two-thirds of the remaining Trustees; or (ii) without cause only by a written
instrument signed or adopted by all of the remaining Trustees. The Declaration of Trust does not contain any other specific inhibiting
provisions that would operate only with respect to an extraordinary transaction such as a merger, reorganization, tender offer, sale or
transfer of substantially all of the Fund’s asset, or liquidation. Reference should be made to the Declaration of Trust on file
with the SEC for the full text of these provisions.
PLAN
OF DISTRIBUTION
ALPS
Distributors, Inc., located at 1290 Broadway, Suite 1000, Denver, CO 80203, serves as the Fund’s principal underwriter and acts
as the Distributor of the Fund’s Shares on a best efforts basis, subject to various conditions. Class U Shares are offered
for sale through the Distributor at NAV. The Distributor also may enter into agreements with Financial Intermediaries for the sale and
servicing of the Fund’s Shares. While Class U Shares do not impose a front-end sales charge, if you purchase Class U Shares
through certain financial firms, they may directly charge you transaction or other fees in such amount as they may determine. Please consult
your financial firm for additional information. The Fund offers on a continuous basis an unlimited number of shares of beneficial interest
through the Distributor. No arrangement has been made to place funds received in an escrow, trust or similar account. The Distributor
is not required to sell any specific number or dollar amount of the Fund’s Shares but will use its best efforts to solicit orders
for the purchase of the Shares. Shares of the Fund will not be listed on any national securities exchange and the Distributor will not
act as a market marker in Fund Shares. Class U Shares will pay to the Distributor a Distribution Fee that will accrue at an
annual rate equal to 0.75% of the Fund’s average daily net assets attributable to Class U Shares and is payable on a quarterly
basis.
The
Distributor has entered into a wholesale marketing agreement with CION Securities, a registered broker-dealer and an affiliate of CION.
Pursuant to the terms of the wholesale marketing agreement, CION Securities will seek to market and otherwise promote the Fund through
various wholesale distribution channels, including, but not limited to, regional and independent retail broker-dealers and registered
investment advisors.
The
Advisors or their affiliates, in the Advisors’ discretion and from their own resources, may pay Additional Compensation to Financial
Intermediaries in connection with the sale of Fund Shares. In return for the Additional Compensation, the Fund may receive certain
marketing advantages including access to a Financial Intermediaries’ registered representatives, placement on a list of investment
options offered by a Financial Intermediary, or the ability to assist in training and educating the Financial Intermediaries. The Additional
Compensation may differ among Financial Intermediaries in amount or in the manner of calculation: payments of Additional Compensation
may be fixed dollar amounts, or based on the aggregate value of outstanding Shares held by Shareholders introduced by the Financial Intermediary,
or determined in some other manner. The receipt of Additional Compensation by a selling Financial Intermediary may create potential conflicts
of interest between an investor and its Financial Intermediary who is recommending the Fund over other potential investments. Additionally,
the Fund pays a servicing fee to the Financial Intermediaries or financial institutions and for providing ongoing services in respect
of clients with whom it has distributed shares of the Fund. Such services may include electronic processing of client orders, electronic
fund transfers between clients and the Fund, account reconciliations with the Fund’s transfer agent, facilitation of electronic
delivery to clients of Fund documentation, monitoring client accounts for back-up withholding and any other special tax reporting obligations,
maintenance of books and records with respect to the foregoing, and such other information and ongoing liaison services as the Fund or
the Advisors may reasonably request.
The
Fund and the Advisors have agreed to indemnify the Distributor against certain liabilities, including liabilities under the 1933 Act,
or to contribute to payments the Distributor may be required to make because of any of those liabilities. Such agreement does not include
indemnification of the Distributor against liability resulting from willful misfeasance, bad faith or negligence on the part of the Distributor
in the performance of its duties or from reckless disregard by the Distributor of its obligations and duties under the Distribution Agreement.
Purchasing
Shares
Investors
may purchase Shares directly from the Fund in accordance with the instructions below. Investors will be assessed fees for returned checks
and stop payment orders at prevailing rates charged by SS&C GIDS, Inc. The returned check and stop payment fee is currently $25. Investors
may buy and sell Shares of the Fund through Financial Intermediaries. Orders will be priced at the appropriate price next computed after
it is received by a Financial Intermediary and accepted by the Fund. A Financial Intermediary may hold Shares in an omnibus account in
the Financial Intermediary’s name or the Financial Intermediary may maintain individual ownership records. The Fund may pay the
Financial Intermediary
for
maintaining individual ownership records as well as providing other shareholder services. Financial Intermediaries may charge fees for
the services they provide in connection with processing your transaction order or maintaining an investor’s account with them. Investors
should check with their Financial Intermediary to determine if it is subject to these arrangements. Financial Intermediaries are responsible
for placing orders correctly and promptly with the Fund, forwarding payment promptly. Orders transmitted with a Financial Intermediary
before the close of regular trading (generally 4:00 p.m., Eastern Time) on a day that the NYSE is open for business, will be priced
based on the Fund’s NAV next computed after it is received by the Financial Intermediary.
Investors
may purchase Shares through a broker-dealer or Financial Intermediary that may establish different minimum investment requirements than
the Fund. While Class U Shares do not impose a front-end sales charge, if you purchase Class U Shares through certain financial
firms, they may directly charge you transaction or other fees in such amount as they may determine. Please consult your financial firm
for additional information. Shares purchased through a broker-dealer or Financial Intermediary will normally be held in an investor’s
account with that firm.
The
availability of sales charge waivers, discounts, and/or breakpoints may depend on the particular Financial Intermediary or type of account
through which an investor purchases or holds Shares. Investors should contact their Financial Intermediary for more information regarding
applicable sales charge waivers and discounts available to them and the Financial Intermediary’s related policies and procedures.
If
an investment is made through an IRA, Keogh plan or 401(k) plan, an approved trustee must process and forward the subscription to the
Fund. In such case, the Fund will send the confirmation and notice of its acceptance to the trustee.
By
Mail
To
make an initial purchase by mail, complete an account application and mail the application, together with a check made payable to CION
Ares Diversified Credit Fund to:
Regular
Mail:
CION Ares Diversified Credit Fund
SS&C GIDS, Inc.
P.O. Box 219422
Kansas
City, MO 64121-9422
Overnight
Mail:
Please call 1-888-729-4266 for the overnight mailing address.
All
checks must be in US Dollars drawn on a domestic bank. The Fund will not accept payment in cash or money orders. The Fund may accept cashier’s
checks in amounts greater than $10,000. To prevent check fraud, the Fund will neither accept third party checks, Treasury checks, credit
card checks, traveler’s checks or starter checks for the purchase of shares, nor post-dated checks, postdated on-line bill pay checks,
or any conditional purchase order or payment.
The
transfer agent will charge a $25 fee against an investor’s account, in addition to any loss sustained by the Fund, for any payment
that is returned. It is the policy of the Fund not to accept applications under certain circumstances or in amounts considered disadvantageous
to Shareholders. The Fund reserves the right to reject any application.
By
Wire — Initial Investment
To
make an initial investment in the Fund, the transfer agent must receive a completed account application from a Financial Intermediary
before an investor wires funds. The Financial Intermediary may mail or overnight deliver an account application to the transfer agent.
Upon receipt of the completed account application, the transfer agent will establish an account. The account number assigned will be required
as part of the instruction that should be provided to an investor’s bank to send the wire. An investor’s bank must include
both the name of the Fund, the account number, and the investor’s name so that monies can be correctly applied. If you wish to wire
money to make an investment in the Fund, please call the Fund at 800-343-3736 for wiring instructions and to notify the Fund that a wire
transfer is coming.
Any
commercial bank can transfer same-day funds via wire. The Fund will normally accept wired funds for investment on the day received if
they are received by the Fund’s designated bank before the close of regular trading on the NYSE. Your bank may charge you a fee
for wiring same-day funds. The bank should transmit funds by wire to:
ABA
#: 101 000 695
Credit: UMB Bank, NA
Account #: 9872291549
Further Credit:
CION Ares Diversified Credit Fund
(shareholder
registration)
(shareholder account number)
Automatic
Investment Plan — Subsequent Investments
You
may participate in the Fund’s Automatic Investment Plan, an investment plan that automatically moves money from your bank account
and invests it in the Fund through the use of electronic funds transfers or automatic bank drafts. You may elect to make subsequent investments
by transfers of a minimum of $100 for regular accounts and $50 for retirement plan accounts on specified days of each month into your
established Fund account. Please contact your registered representative/investment advisor for more information about the Fund’s
Automatic Investment Plan.
In
compliance with the USA Patriot Act of 2001, SS&C GIDS, Inc. will verify certain information on each account application as part of
the Fund’s Anti-Money Laundering Program. As requested on the application, investors must supply full name, date of birth, social
security number and permanent street address. Mailing addresses containing only a P.O. Box will not be accepted. Registered representatives/investment
advisors may call Investor Relations at 888-729-4266 for additional assistance when completing an application.
If
SS&C GIDS, Inc. does not have a reasonable belief of the identity of a customer, the account will be rejected or the customer will
not be allowed to perform a transaction on the account until such information is received. The Fund also may reserve the right to close
the account within 5 business days if clarifying information/documentation is not received.
Purchase
Terms
The
minimum initial purchase by an investor is $2,500. The Fund reserves the right to waive the investment minimum. The Fund’s Class U
Shares are offered for sale through its Distributor at NAV. While Class U Shares do not impose a front-end sales charge, if you purchase
Class U Shares through certain financial firms, they may directly charge you transaction or other fees in such amount as they may
determine. Please consult your financial firm for additional information. The price of Class U Shares during the Fund’s continuous
offering will fluctuate over time with the NAV of the Shares.
Converting
Shares
Investors
eligible to purchase Class I Shares may convert Class U Shares to Class I Shares. Class U Shares will automatically
convert into Class I Shares if the total sales charge would otherwise exceed the limits of FINRA Rule 2341. Class I Shares
are not subject to any upfront sales charge. Class I Shares are not subject to a distribution fee, shareholder servicing fees, or
contingent deferred sales charge. Class I Shares may only be available through certain Financial Intermediaries. For all accounts,
Class I Shares require a minimum investment of $1,000,000, while subsequent investments may be made with any amount. The Fund reserves
the right to waive the investment minimum.
You
can process your conversion by contacting your Financial Intermediary. You may also send conversion requests to the Fund’s transfer
agent, SS&C GIDS, Inc., by mail to CION Ares Diversified Credit Fund c/o SS&C GIDS, Inc., P.O. Box 219422, Kansas City, MO
64121-9422 or by calling the toll free number 888-729-4266.
As
of the date of this Prospectus, the Fund is the only fund managed by CAM. To the extent that CAM manages other funds in the future, Shareholders
may be permitted to move their investment in Shares of the Fund into such other funds in connection with the Fund’s quarterly repurchases.
In this case, rather than tendering shares for cash, a Fund Shareholder would elect to have the dollar value of its Shares accepted
for purchases of shares of another CAM-managed fund. Such conversions would occur in conjunction with quarterly repurchases made by the
Fund and would be subject to those repurchase offer risks, such as the risk that Shareholders may be unable to liquidate all or a given percentage
of their investment in the Fund during a particular repurchase offer, that are described elsewhere in this Prospectus.
A
conversion of shares of one Class directly for shares of another Class of the Fund normally should not be taxable for federal income tax
purposes. You should consult your tax advisor before making a conversion.
Share
Class Considerations
When
selecting a share class, you should consider the following:
•
which
share classes are available to you;
•
how
much you intend to invest;
•
how
long you expect to own the shares; and
•
total
costs and expenses associated with a particular share class.
Each
investor’s financial considerations are different. You should speak with your financial advisor to help you decide which share class
is best for you. Not all Financial Intermediaries offer all classes of Shares. If your Financial Intermediary offers more than one class
of Shares, you should carefully consider which class of Shares to purchase.
Class U
Shares
Class U
Shares will be sold at the prevailing NAV per Class U Share and are not subject to any upfront sales charge. Class U Shares
are not subject to a shareholder servicing fee or contingent deferred sales charge. Class U shares are subject to a Distribution
Fee which will accrue at an annual rate of 0.75% of the average daily net assets of the Fund attributable to Class U Shares. Class U
Shares may only be available through certain Financial Intermediaries. Because the Class U Shares of the Fund are sold at the prevailing
NAV per Class U Share without an upfront sales charge, the entire amount of your purchase is available for investment immediately.
However, for all accounts, Class U Shares require a minimum investment of $2,500, while subsequent investments may be made with at
least $100 for regular accounts and $50 for retirement plan accounts. The Fund reserves the right to waive the investment minimum. While
Class U Shares do not impose a front-end sales charge, if you purchase Class U Shares through certain financial firms, they
may directly charge you transaction or other fees in such amount as they may determine. Please consult your financial firm for additional
information.
Distribution
Plan
The
Fund, with respect to its Class U Shares, is authorized under a “Distribution Plan” to pay to the Distributor a Distribution
Fee for certain activities relating to the distribution of shares to investors. These activities include marketing and other activities
to support the distribution of Class U Shares. The Plan operates in a manner consistent with Rule 12b-1 under the 1940 Act,
which regulates the manner in which an open-end investment company may directly or indirectly bear the expenses of distributing its shares.
Although the Fund is not an open-end investment company, it has undertaken to comply with the terms of Rule 12b-1 as a condition
of an exemptive order under the 1940 Act which permits it to have asset based distribution fees. Under the Distribution Plan, the Fund
pays the Distributor a Distribution Fee at an annual rate of 0.75% of average daily net assets attributable to Class U Shares.
About
the Distributor
ALPS
Distributors, Inc., located at 1290 Broadway, Suite 1000, Denver, CO 80203, serves as distributor of the Fund’s Shares.
DISTRIBUTIONS
The
Fund intends to make a distribution each month to its Shareholders of the net investment income of the Fund after payment of Fund operating
expenses. The dividend rate may be modified by the Board from time to time. Distributions can only be made from net investment income
after paying any accrued dividends to holders of Preferred Shares.
To
the extent that any portion of the Fund’s monthly distributions are considered a return of capital to Shareholders, such portion
would not be considered dividends for U.S. federal income tax purposes, and would represent a return of the amounts that such Shareholders
invested. Although such return of capital distributions are not currently taxable to Shareholders, such distributions will have the effect
of lowering a Shareholder’s tax basis in such Shares, and could result in a higher tax liability when the Shares are sold, even
if they have not increased in value, or in fact, have lost value. The Fund’s final distribution for each tax year is expected to
include any remaining investment company taxable income and net tax-exempt income undistributed during the tax year, as well as any undistributed
net capital gain realized during the tax year. If the total distributions made in any tax year exceed investment company taxable income,
net tax-exempt income and net capital gain, such excess distributed amount would be treated as ordinary dividend income to the extent
of the Fund’s current and accumulated earnings and profits. This distribution policy, may, under certain circumstances, have adverse
consequences to the Fund and its Shareholders because it may result in a return of capital resulting in less of a Shareholder’s
assets being invested in the Fund and, over time, increase the Fund’s expense ratio. The distribution policy also may cause the
Fund to sell securities at a time it would not otherwise do so to manage the distribution of income and gain. The initial distribution
will be declared on date determined by the Board.
Each
year, a statement on Form 1099-DIV identifying the sources of the distributions (i.e.,
paid from ordinary income, paid from net capital gains on the sale of securities, and/or a return of capital, which is a nontaxable distribution)
will be furnished to Shareholders subject to IRS reporting. Fund ordinary distributions may exceed the Fund’s earnings, especially
during the period before the Fund has substantially invested the proceeds from this offering. To the extent that the Fund pays distributions
to Shareholders using proceeds it receives from Fund distributions, such distributions generally would constitute a return of investor
capital and generally will lower an investor’s tax basis in his or her Shares. A return of capital generally is a return of an investor’s
investment rather than a return of earnings or gains derived from the Fund’s investment activities. There can be no assurance that
the Fund will be able to pay distributions at a specific rate or at all.
As
discussed in the “Tax Aspects” section, to qualify for and maintain RIC tax treatment, the Fund is required to distribute
on a timely basis with respect to each tax year dividends for U.S. federal income tax purposes of an amount at least equal to the sum
of 90% of “investment company taxable income” and net tax-exempt interest income, determined without regard to any deduction
for dividends paid, for such tax year. To avoid certain excise taxes imposed on RICs, the Fund is required to distribute in respect of
each calendar year dividends of an amount at least equal to the sum of (1) 98% of ordinary income (taking into account certain deferrals
and elections) for the calendar year, (2) 98.2% of capital gain net income (adjusted for certain ordinary losses) generally for the
one-year period ending on October 31 of the calendar year and (3) any ordinary income and capital gain net income for previous calendar years
that were not distributed during such calendar years and on which the Fund paid no U.S. federal income tax. The Fund can offer no
assurance that it will achieve results that will permit the payment of any cash distributions. If the Fund issues senior securities, the
Fund will be prohibited from making distributions if doing so causes it to fail to maintain the asset coverage ratios stipulated by the
1940 Act or if distributions are limited by the terms of any of the Fund’s borrowings. Any such limitations would adversely impact
the Fund’s ability to make distributions to Shareholders.
Dividend
Reinvestment Plan
The
Fund will operate under the DRP administered by SS&C GIDS, Inc.. Pursuant to the plan, the Fund’s Distributions, net of any
applicable U.S. withholding tax, are reinvested in the same class of shares of the Fund.
Shareholders
automatically participate in the DRP, unless and until an election is made to withdraw from the plan on behalf of such participating Shareholder.
A Shareholder who does not wish to have
Distributions
automatically reinvested may terminate participation in the DRP at any time by written instructions to that effect to SS&C GIDS, Inc.
Shareholders who elect not to participate in the DRP will receive all distributions in cash paid to the Shareholder of record (or, if
the shares are held in street or other nominee name, then to such nominee). Such written instructions must be received by the SS&C
GIDS, Inc. 30 days prior to the record date of the Distribution or the Shareholder will receive such Distribution in shares through
the DRP. Under the DRP, the Fund’s Distributions to Shareholders are automatically reinvested in full and fractional shares as described
below.
When
the Fund declares a Distribution, SS&C GIDS, Inc., on the Shareholder’s behalf, will receive additional authorized shares from
the Fund either newly issued or repurchased from Shareholders by the Fund and held as treasury stock. The number of shares to be received
when Distributions are reinvested will be determined by dividing the amount of the Distribution by the Fund’s NAV per share.
SS&C
GIDS, Inc. will maintain all Shareholder accounts and furnish written confirmations of all transactions in the accounts, including information
needed by Shareholders for personal and tax records. SS&C GIDS, Inc. will hold shares in the account of the Shareholders in non-certificated
form in the name of the participant, and each Shareholder’s proxy, if any, will include those shares purchased pursuant to the DRP.
Each participant, nevertheless, has the right to request certificates for whole and fractional shares owned. The Fund will issue certificates
in its sole discretion. SS&C GIDS, Inc. will distribute all proxy solicitation materials, if any, to participating Shareholders.
In
the case of Shareholders, such as banks, brokers or nominees, that hold shares for others who are beneficial owners participating under
the DRP, SS&C GIDS, Inc. will administer the DRP on the basis of the number of shares certified from time to time by the record Shareholder
as representing the total amount of shares registered in the Shareholder’s name and held for the account of beneficial owners participating
under the DRP.
Neither
SS&C GIDS, Inc. nor the Fund shall have any responsibility or liability beyond the exercise of ordinary care for any action taken
or omitted pursuant to the DRP, nor shall they have any duties, responsibilities or liabilities except such as expressly set forth herein.
Neither shall they be liable hereunder for any act done in good faith or for any good faith omissions to act, including, without limitation,
failure to terminate a participant’s account prior to receipt of written notice of his or her death or with respect to prices at
which shares are purchased or sold for the participants account and the terms on which such purchases and sales are made, subject to applicable
provisions of the federal securities laws.
The
automatic reinvestment of Dividends will not relieve participants of any federal, state or local income tax that may be payable (or required
to be withheld) on such Dividends. See “Tax Aspects.”
The
Fund reserves the right to amend or terminate the DRP. There is no direct service charge to participants with regard to purchases under
the DRP; however, the Fund reserves the right to amend the DRP to include a service charge payable by the participants.
All
correspondence concerning the DRP should be directed to SS&C GIDS, Inc. at CION Ares Diversified Credit Fund c/o SS&C GIDS,
Inc., P.O. Box 219422, Kansas City, MO 64121-9422. Certain transactions can be performed by calling the toll free number 888-729-4266.
FISCAL
YEAR; REPORTS
For
accounting purposes, the Fund’s fiscal year and tax year end on December 31. As soon as practicable after the end of each calendar
year, a statement on Form 1099-DIV identifying the sources of the distributions paid by the Fund to Shareholders for tax purposes will
be furnished to Shareholders subject to IRS reporting. In addition, the Fund will prepare and transmit to Shareholders an unaudited semi-annual
and an audited annual report within 60 days after the close of the period for which the report is being made, or as otherwise required
by the 1940 Act.
PRIVACY
NOTICE
We
are committed to maintaining the privacy of our Shareholders and to safeguarding their nonpublic personal information. The following information
is provided to help you understand what personal information we collect, how we protect that information and why, in certain cases, we
may share information with select other parties.
Generally,
we will not receive any non-public personal information about Shareholders of the common stock of the Fund, although certain of our Shareholders’
non-public information may become available to us. The non-public personal information that we may receive falls into the following categories:
•
Information
we receive from Shareholders, whether we receive it orally, in writing or electronically. This includes Shareholders’ communications
to us concerning their investment;
•
Information
about Shareholders’ transactions and history with us; or
•
Other
general information that we may obtain about Shareholders, such as demographic and contact information such as address.
We
do not disclose any non-public personal information about Shareholders, except:
•
to
our affiliates (such as our investment advisor) and their employees that have a legitimate business need for the information;
•
to
our service providers (such as our administrator, accountants, attorneys, custodians, transfer agent, underwriter and proxy solicitors)
and their employees as is necessary to service Shareholder accounts or otherwise provide the applicable service;
•
to
comply with court orders, subpoenas, lawful discovery requests, or other legal or regulatory requirements; or
•
as
allowed or required by applicable law or regulation.
When
the Fund shares non-public Shareholder personal information referred to above, the information is made available for limited business
purposes and under controlled circumstances designed to protect our Shareholders’ privacy. The Fund does not permit use of Shareholder
information for any non-business or marketing purpose, nor does the Fund permit third parties to rent, sell, trade or otherwise release
or disclose information to any other party.
The
Fund’s service providers, such as their advisor, administrator, and transfer agent, are required to maintain physical, electronic,
and procedural safeguards to protect Shareholder nonpublic personal information; to prevent unauthorized access or use; and to dispose
of such information when it is no longer required.
Personnel
of affiliates may access Shareholder information only for business purposes. The degree of access is based on the sensitivity of the information
and on personnel need for the information to service a Shareholder’s account or comply with legal requirements.
If
a Shareholder ceases to be a Shareholder, we will adhere to the privacy policies and practices as described above. We may choose to modify
our privacy policies at any time. Before we do so, we will notify Shareholders and provide a description of our privacy policy.
In
the event of a corporate change in control resulting from, for example, a sale to, or merger with, another entity, or in the event of
a sale of assets, we reserve the right to transfer your non-public personal information to the new party in control or the party acquiring
assets.
INQUIRIES
Inquiries
concerning the Fund and the Shares should be directed to:
CION
Ares Management, LLC
Investor Services
100 Grossman Drive, Suite 301
Braintree, MA 02184
888-729-4266
Investors
should rely only on the information contained in this prospectus. No dealer, salesperson or other individual has been authorized to give
any information or to make any representations that are not contained in this prospectus. If any such information or statements are given
or made, investors should not rely upon such information or representations. This prospectus does not constitute an offer to sell any
securities other than those to which this prospectus relates, or an offer to sell to, or a solicitation of an offer to buy from, any person
in any jurisdiction where such an offer or solicitation would be unlawful. This prospectus speaks as of the date set forth below. Investors
should not assume that the delivery of this prospectus or that any sale made pursuant to this prospectus implies that the information
contained in this prospectus will remain fully accurate and correct as of any time subsequent to the date of this prospectus.
CION
ARES DIVERSIFIED CREDIT FUND
COMMON
SHARES OF BENEFICIAL INTEREST
CLASS
U SHARES (CADZX)
PROSPECTUS
April 28,
2023
PROSPECTUS
April 28,
2023
CION ARES
DIVERSIFIED CREDIT FUND
COMMON SHARES OF BENEFICIAL INTEREST
CLASS U-2 SHARES (CADSX)
$2,500 MINIMUM PURCHASE FOR REGULAR
ACCOUNTS
$1,000 MINIMUM PURCHASE FOR RETIREMENT PLAN ACCOUNTS
CION
Ares Diversified Credit Fund (the “Fund”) is a Delaware statutory trust that is registered under the Investment Company Act
of 1940, as amended (the “1940 Act”), as a diversified, closed-end management investment company.
Investment
Objective. The Fund’s investment objective is to provide superior risk-adjusted
returns across various market cycles by investing in a diversified portfolio of liquid and illiquid asset classes. The Fund seeks to capitalize
on market inefficiencies and relative value opportunities throughout the entire global credit spectrum. There can be no assurance that
the Fund will achieve its investment objective.
Interval
Fund. The Fund is designed primarily for long-term investors and not as a trading
vehicle. The Fund is an “interval fund” (defined below) pursuant to which it, subject to applicable law, will conduct
quarterly repurchase offers for between 5% and 25% of the Fund’s outstanding common shares of beneficial interest (“Shares”)
at net asset value (“NAV”). In connection with any given repurchase offer, it is expected that the Fund will offer to repurchase
only the minimum amount of 5% of its outstanding Shares. It is also possible that a repurchase offer may be oversubscribed, with the result
that holders of Shares (“Shareholders”) may only be able to have a portion of their Shares repurchased. The Fund does not
currently intend to list its Shares for trading on any national securities exchange. The Shares are, therefore, not readily marketable.
Even though the Fund will make quarterly repurchase offers to repurchase a portion of the Shares to try to provide liquidity to Shareholders,
you should consider the Shares to be illiquid.
Principal
Investment Strategies. The Fund will invest primarily in a portfolio of directly
originated loans, secured floating and fixed rate syndicated loans, corporate bonds, asset-backed securities, commercial real estate loans
and other types of credit instruments, which, under normal circumstances, will represent at least 80% of the Fund’s Managed Assets
(as defined in this prospectus). For purposes of this policy, “credit instruments” may include commercial real estate mezzanine
loans, real estate mortgages, distressed securities, notes, bills, debentures, bank loans, convertible and preferred securities, government
and municipal obligations. The Fund may also invest in foreign instruments and illiquid and restricted securities. Most
of the credit instruments in which the Fund invests will be rated below investment grade by rating agencies or would be rated below investment
grade if they were rated. Credit instruments that are rated below investment grade (commonly referred to as “high yield” securities
or “junk bonds”) are regarded as having predominantly speculative characteristics with respect to the issuer’s capacity
to pay interest and repay principal. Because of the risks associated with investing in high yield securities, an investment in the Fund
should be considered speculative. Some of the credit instruments will have no credit rating at all.
Unlisted
Closed-End Fund. An investment in the Fund is subject to, among others, the
following risks:
•
There
is not expected to be any secondary trading market in the Shares.
•
Unlike
an investor in most closed-end funds, Shareholders should not expect to be able to sell their Shares regardless of how the Fund performs.An
investment in the Fund is considered illiquid.
•
If
a Shareholder is able to sell its Shares outside the quarterly repurchase process, the Shareholder likely will receive less than their
purchase price and the then current NAV per Share.
•
An
investor may pay a sales load of up to 2.50%for Class U-2 Shares.
•
Unlike
most closed-end funds, the Shares are not listed on any securities exchange. The Fund intends to provide liquidity through quarterly offers
to repurchase a limited amount of the Fund’s Shares (at least 5%).
•
There
is no assurance that monthly distributions paid by the Fund will be maintained at the targeted level or that dividends will be paid at
all.
•
The
Fund’s distributions may be funded from unlimited amounts of offering proceeds or borrowings, which may constitute a return of capital
and reduce the amount of capital available to the Fund for investment. Any capital returned to Shareholders through distributions will
be distributed after payment of fees and expenses.
•
A
return of capital to Shareholders is a return of a portion of their original investment in the Fund, thereby reducing the tax basis of
their investment. As a result from such reduction in tax basis, Shareholders may be subject to tax in connection with the sale of Fund
Shares, even if such Shares are sold at a loss relative to the Shareholder’s original investment.
•
The
Fund’s distributions may result from expense reimbursements from CION Ares Management, LLC (“CAM” or the “Advisor”),
which are subject to repayment by the Fund. Shareholders should understand that any such distributions are not based on the Fund’s
investment performance and can only be sustained if the Fund achieves positive investment performance in future periods and/or CAM continues
to make such expense reimbursements. Shareholders should also understand that the Fund’s future repayments will reduce the distributions
that a Shareholder would otherwise receive.
•
The
Fund currently employs leverage through senior secured revolving credit facilities and its outstanding Mandatory Redeemable Preferred
Shares (“MRP Shares” and, together with any other preferred shares the Fund may have outstanding, “Preferred Shares”).
The Fund intends to continue to utilize leverage and may utilize leverage to the maximum extent permitted by law for investment and other
general corporate purposes. See “Types of Investments and Related Risks — Structured Products Risks — Leverage
Risk.”
Investing in Shares involves
a high degree of risk. See “Types of Investments and Related Risks” beginning on page 32 of this prospectus.
The date of this prospectus
is April 28, 2023.
|
|
|
Per
Class U-2 Share(1) |
|
|
Total(1) |
|
Public
Offering Price |
|
|
Current
NAV, plus sales load |
|
|
Unlimited
|
|
Sales
Load(1) |
|
|
2.50% |
|
|
Up
to 2.50% |
|
Proceeds
to Fund Before Expenses(2) |
|
|
$ amount
invested at current NAV |
|
|
Unlimited |
|
(1)
Generally,
the stated minimum initial investment by an investor in the Fund is $2,500, which stated minimum may be reduced for certain investors.
Investors purchasing Class U-2 Shares may be charged a sales load of up to 2.50% of the Investor’s subscription. The table
assumes the maximum sales load is charged. The Fund is offering on a continuous basis an unlimited number of Shares.
(2)
Pursuant
to an expense support and conditional reimbursement agreement, dated as of December 6, 2016, as amended and restated (the “Expense
Support and Conditional Reimbursement Agreement”), between the Fund and the Advisor, the Fund will be obligated to reimburse the
Advisor for any such payments. See “Fund Expenses.”
Structure. The
Fund does not currently intend to list its Shares for trading on any securities exchange and does not expect any secondary market to develop
for its Shares. Shareholders of the Fund are not able to have their Shares redeemed or otherwise sell their Shares on a daily basis because
the Fund is an unlisted closed-end fund. To provide some liquidity to Shareholders, the Fund is structured as an “interval fund”
and conducts periodic repurchase offers for a portion of its outstanding Shares, as described below. An investment in the Fund is suitable
only for long-term investors who can bear the risks associated with the limited liquidity of the Shares.
Investment
Advisor and Sub-Advisor. The investment advisor to the Fund is CAM, a joint
venture between affiliates of Ares Management Corporation (“Ares”) and CION Investment Group, LLC (“CION”), that
is registered as an investment advisor with the U.S. Securities and Exchange Commission (the “SEC”) under the Investment Advisers
Act of 1940, as amended (the “Advisers Act”). The investment sub-advisor to the Fund is Ares Capital Management II LLC (“Ares
Capital” or the “Sub-Advisor” and collectively with the Advisor, the “Advisors”), an investment advisor
registered with the SEC under the Advisers Act. CAM oversees the management of the Fund’s activities and is responsible for making
investment decisions for the Fund’s portfolio with recommendations and support from Ares Capital.
Securities
Offered. The Fund is offering on a continuous basis an unlimited number of
common shares of beneficial interest. Class U-2 Shares are offered by this prospectus. The Fund offers Class A Shares, Class C
Shares, Class I Shares, Class L Shares, Class U Shares and Class W Shares through different prospectuses. The maximum
sales load is 2.50% of the amount invested for Class U-2 Shares. The minimum initial investment by a Shareholder for Class U-2
is $2,500 for regular accounts and $1,000 for retirement plan accounts; subsequent investments may be made with at least $100 for regular
accounts and $50 for retirement plan accounts. The Fund reserves the right to waive investment minimums. Shares are being offered through
ALPS Distributors, Inc. (the “Distributor”) at an offering price equal to the Fund’s then current NAV per Share, plus
the applicable sales load.
This
prospectus concisely provides the information that a prospective investor should know about the Fund before investing. Investors are advised
to read this prospectus carefully and to retain it for future reference. Additional information about the Fund, including a statement
of additional information, dated April 28, 2023 (the “Statement of Additional Information”), has been filed with the
SEC and is incorporated by reference in its entirety into this prospectus. The Statement of Additional Information and the Fund’s
annual and semi-annual reports and other information filed with the SEC, can be obtained upon request and without charge by writing to
the Fund at CION Securities, LLC, 100 Park Avenue, 25th
Floor, New York, NY 10017 or by calling toll-free 888-729-4266, and investors may also request such information or make Shareholder inquiries
by calling 888-729-4266 or by visiting www.cioninvestments.com.
In addition, the contact information provided above may be used to request additional information about the Fund and to make Shareholder
inquiries. The Statement of Additional Information, other material incorporated by reference into this prospectus and other information
about the Fund is also available on the SEC’s website at http://www.sec.gov.
The address of the SEC’s website is provided solely for the information of prospective investors and is not intended to be an active
link.
The
Fund and the Advisors have obtained exemptive relief to, among other things, (i) designate multiple classes of Shares; and (ii) impose
class specific annual asset-based distribution fees on the assets of the various classes of Shares to be used to pay for expenses incurred
in fostering the distribution of the Shares of the particular class.
Shares
are not deposits or obligations of, and are not guaranteed or endorsed by, any bank or other insured depository institution, and Shares
are not insured by the Federal Deposit Insurance Corporation, the Board of Governors of the Federal Reserve System or any other government
agency.
Neither
the SEC nor any state securities commission has approved or disapproved these securities or determined if this prospectus is truthful
or complete. Any representation to the contrary is a criminal offense.
TABLE
OF CONTENTS
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Page
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1 |
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19 |
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21 |
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24 |
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25 |
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27 |
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34 |
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70 |
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79 |
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84 |
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86 |
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93 |
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103 |
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104 |
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105 |
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111 |
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113 |
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114 |
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115 |
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SUMMARY
OF TERMS
This
is only a summary and does not contain all of the information that a prospective investor should consider before investing in the Fund.
Before investing, a prospective investor in the Fund should carefully read the more detailed information appearing elsewhere in this prospectus
and the Statement of Additional Information.
The
Fund is a Delaware statutory trust that is registered under the 1940 Act as a diversified, closed-end management investment company. The
Fund is operated as an “interval fund” (as defined below).
CAM
serves as the Fund’s investment advisor. CAM is registered as an investment advisor with the SEC under the Advisers Act.
CAM
is a joint venture between affiliates of Ares and CION and is controlled by Ares.
Ares
Capital serves as the Fund’s investment sub-advisor. Ares Capital is registered as an investment advisor with the SEC under the
Advisers Act.
CAM
and Ares Capital are collectively referred to as the Advisors. CAM oversees the management of the Fund’s activities and is responsible
for making investment decisions for the Fund’s portfolio with recommendations and support from Ares Capital.
The
Fund’s investment objective is to provide superior risk-adjusted returns across various market cycles by investing in a diversified
portfolio of liquid and illiquid asset classes. The Fund seeks to capitalize on market inefficiencies and relative value opportunities
throughout the entire global credit spectrum. There can be no assurance that the Fund will achieve its investment objective.
INVESTMENT
OPPORTUNITIES AND STRATEGIES
The
Fund will invest primarily in a portfolio of directly originated loans, secured floating and fixed rate syndicated loans, corporate bonds,
asset-backed securities, commercial real estate loans and other types of credit instruments, which, under normal circumstances, will represent
at least 80% of the Fund’s Managed Assets. For purposes of this policy, “credit instruments” may include commercial
real estate mezzanine loans, real estate mortgages, distressed securities, notes, bills, debentures, bank loans, convertible and preferred
securities, government and municipal obligations. The Fund may also invest in foreign instruments and illiquid and restricted securities.
“Managed Assets” means the total assets of the Fund (including any assets attributable to any Preferred Shares or to indebtedness)
minus the Fund’s liabilities other than liabilities relating to indebtedness.
Opportunistic,
Flexible, Untethered Credit Investments Strategy. The Advisors employ an opportunistic,
flexible and untethered global credit investments strategy based on absolute and relative value considerations, as well as analysis
of
the credit markets. The Advisors seek risk-adjusted returns over full market cycles by creating and managing a diversified portfolio across
multiple industry sectors and geographic regions. The Advisors systematically allocate capital across multiple segments of the global
fixed-income markets, including U.S. and non-U.S. credit instruments. It is anticipated that most of the Fund’s investments will
be rated below investment grade or would be rated below investment grade if they were rated. Non-investment grade fixed income securities,
also known as “junk bonds”, are considered speculative. Some of the credit instruments will have no credit rating at all.
The Fund is untethered to benchmark-specific guidelines, thereby providing the Advisors with significant latitude to invest where they
see opportunities and to reduce exposure to areas where they see less value or heightened downside risks.
Relative
Value Focus. A primary driver of the Fund’s investment strategy is a
relative value focus whereby the Advisors seek to identify market dislocations caused by, among other factors, (i) significant corporate
transactional events, such as spinoffs, mergers and acquisitions, industry consolidations, liquidations, reorganizations, bankruptcies,
recapitalizations and share buybacks and other extraordinary corporate transactions; (ii) market inefficiencies resulting from the
misunderstanding by the broader investment community of a particular company or industry, which misunderstanding results in the income
of such investment reflecting a higher risk premium or the market price of such investment reflecting a lower value than is deemed warranted
by the Advisors; (iii) companies experiencing financial stress resulting in a mispricing of their securities either because such
securities pay higher income due to perceived risk or trade at a significant discount to fair value whereby the underlying asset values
limit downside risk and offer meaningful upside potential; and (iv) sell-offs in one or more of the relevant credit markets.
Access
to Ares Transaction Flow. The Advisors intend to benefit from the market presence,
scale, infrastructure and demonstrated investment experience of Ares to gain access to transaction flow and a broad set of investment
opportunities across the non-investment grade credit spectrum. Unlike many other alternative investment managers, Ares operates in a fully
integrated manner and encourages frequent collaboration among its investment professionals. This unique approach allows Ares to draw from
the collective market insight, industry expertise, contacts and experience of its over 880 investment professionals around the world.
The
Fund intends to focus on what the Advisors believe are the broader Ares platform’s most attractive investment ideas from a risk-adjusted
return standpoint in order to achieve its investment objective. The Advisors intend to be opportunistic. As such, the Advisors have the
flexibility to
invest
where they see opportunities, based on their extensive credit research expertise and analysis of the relevant credit markets, in a variety
of credit instruments with varying yield and risk profiles.
Active
Monitoring and Investing, with Bottom-Up and Top-Down Credit Analysis by Deep and Experienced Team.
The Advisors will actively construct and manage a portfolio of credit investments and, as necessary, periodically rebalance the Fund’s
allocation of assets among different types of credit investments utilizing the Advisors’ strategies to seek to optimize the Fund’s
allocation to achieve the Fund’s investment objective under the market conditions existing at such time.
With
respect to each investment opportunity, the Advisors intend to take a bottom-up and top-down approach to their credit analysis that will
focus on each individual investment as well as global macroeconomic factors and the industry in which the subject entity operates. The
Advisors’ investment process will be rigorous, proactive and continuous, and will emphasize team management. Close monitoring of
each investment in the portfolio provides the basis for making buy, sell and hold decisions. In managing the Fund’s portfolio, the
Advisors will utilize their and the broader Ares platform’s deep and experienced teams of credit specialists to analyze investments
and engage in regular and periodic monitoring of credit risk with a goal toward the early identification, and sale, of credit instruments
and other investments with potential credit problems. This monitoring process may include reviewing (i) an issuer’s financial
resources and operating history; (ii) a comparison of an issuer’s current operating results with the Advisors’ initial
investment thesis for the investment and initial expectations for the performance of the obligation; (iii) an issuer’s sensitivity
to economic conditions; (iv) the performance of an issuer’s management; (v) an issuer’s debt maturities and borrowing
requirements; (vi) an issuer’s interest and asset coverage; and (vii) the relative value of an investment based on an
issuer’s anticipated cash flow or where other comparable assets are trading in the market.
The
Fund’s portfolio will consist of some combination of the following types of investments:
Direct
Lending. The Fund may invest in first lien senior secured loans (including
“unitranche” loans, which are loans that combine both senior and mezzanine debt, generally in a first lien position), second
lien senior secured loans and mezzanine debt, which in some cases includes an equity component, of U.S. and European middle-market companies,
where the Advisors believe the supply of primary capital is limited and the investment opportunities are most attractive. These investments
are typically made to companies with annual EBITDA between $10 million and
$250 million.
As used herein, EBITDA represents net income before net interest expense, income tax expense, depreciation and amortization.
Syndicated
Corporate Loans. Senior, secured corporate loans (“Syndicated Loans”)
generally benefit from liens on collateral, are rated below-investment grade and typically pay interest at rates that are determined periodically
on the basis of a floating base lending rate, primarily the London-Interbank Offered Rate (“LIBOR”), the Secured Overnight
Financing Rate (“SOFR”), or another reference rate, plus a spread. Syndicated Loans are typically made to U.S. and, to a lesser
extent, non-U.S. corporations, partnerships, limited liability companies and other business entities (together with issuers of Corporate
Bonds (as defined below) and other debt securities, (“Borrowers”) which operate in various industries and geographical regions.
Borrowers may obtain Syndicated Loans, among other reasons, to refinance existing debt, engage in acquisitions, pay dividends, recapitalize,
complete leveraged buyouts and for general corporate purposes. Syndicated Loans rated below investment grade are sometimes referred to
as “leveraged loans”. The Fund may invest in Syndicated Loans through assignments of or, to a lesser extent, participations
in Syndicated Loans. The Fund may utilize various types of derivative instruments (“Derivatives”), including total return
swaps for the purpose of gaining exposure to Syndicated Loans.
Corporate
Bonds. An issuer of high-yield corporate bonds (“Corporate Bonds”)
typically pays the investor a fixed rate of interest and must repay the amount borrowed on or before maturity. The investment return of
Corporate Bonds reflects interest on the security and changes in the market value of the security. The market value of a Corporate Bond
generally may be expected to rise and fall inversely with interest rates. The value of intermediate- and longer-term Corporate Bonds normally
fluctuates more in response to changes in interest rates than does the value of shorter-term Corporate Bonds. The market value of a Corporate
Bond also may be affected by investors’ perceptions of the creditworthiness of the issuer, the issuer’s performance and perceptions
of the issuer in the market place. There is a risk that the issuers of Corporate Bonds may not be able to meet their obligations on interest
or principal payments at the time called for by an instrument. The Fund may utilize various types of Derivatives, including swaps, for
the purpose of gaining exposure to Corporate Bonds.
Structured
Credit. The Fund may invest in asset-backed opportunities across broad sectors
such as consumer and commercial specialty finance and corporate credit. The Fund will target investment opportunities that are directly
originated and privately negotiated that may include (i) financings secured by pools of consumer loans, commercial loans or real
estate assets; (ii) the outright
purchase
of pools of consumer loans, commercial loans or real estate assets; and (iii) debt and equity investments in U.S.-dollar-denominated
collateralized loan obligations (“CLOs”) that are primarily backed by corporate leveraged loans issued to primarily U.S. obligors
(“U.S. CLOs”), as well as Euro-denominated CLOs that are backed primarily by corporate leveraged loans issued to primarily
European obligors (“European CLOs”). The investments in the “equity” of structured credit products (including
CLOs) refers to the junior-most or residual debt tranche of such structured credit products (i.e.,
the tranche whose rights to payment are not senior to any other tranche, which does not typically receive a credit rating and is typically
not secured (and is also typically referred to as subordinated notes, income notes, preferred shares or preferred securities, or, more
generally, as “equity”)) (the “Residual Tranche”).
The
CLO equity tranches (or other similar junior tranches) and privately issued asset-backed securities in which the Fund invests may be highly
leveraged, which magnifies the Fund’s risk of loss on such investments.
Stressed
Investments. The Fund may invest in Syndicated Loans and Corporate Bonds and
other obligations of companies, referred to herein as “Stressed Issuers,” that may be in some level of financial or business
distress, including companies involved in, or that have recently completed, bankruptcy or other reorganization and liquidation proceedings.
These investments may include (i) corporate debt instruments relating to stressed and distressed industries or issuers; (ii) rescue-capital
opportunities; (iii) public and private stock issued in connection with restructurings and reorganizations or otherwise (“post-reorganization
securities”); and (iv) other opportunistic investments resulting from periods of market dislocation.
Commercial
Real Estate Loans.
Senior
Mortgage Loans: These mortgage loans are typically secured by first liens on commercial properties, including the following
property types: office, multifamily, retail, industrial, hospitality and mixed-use. In some cases, first lien mortgages may be divided
into an A-Note and a B-Note. The A-Note is typically a privately negotiated loan that is secured by a first mortgage on a commercial property
or group of related properties that is senior to a B-Note secured by the same first mortgage property or group.
Subordinated
Debt: These loans may include structurally subordinated first mortgage loans and junior participations in first mortgage
loans or participations in these types of assets. As noted above, a B-Note is typically a privately negotiated loan that is secured by
a first mortgage on a commercial property or group of related properties and is subordinated to an
A-Note
secured by the same first mortgage property or group. The subordination of a B-Note or junior participation typically is evidenced by
participations or intercreditor agreements with other holders of interests in the note. B-Notes are subject to more credit risk with respect
to the underlying mortgage collateral than the corresponding A-Note.
Preferred
Equity: Real estate preferred equity investments are subordinate to first mortgage loans and are not collateralized by
the property underlying the investment. As a holder of preferred equity, the Fund seeks to enhance its position with covenants that limit
the activities of the entity in which the Fund has an interest and protect the Fund’s equity by obtaining an exclusive right to
control the underlying property after an event of default, should such a default occur on the Fund’s investment.
Mezzanine
Loans: Like B-Notes, these loans are also subordinated, but are usually secured by a pledge of the borrower’s equity
ownership in the entity that owns the property or by a second lien mortgage on the property. In a liquidation, these loans are generally
junior to any mortgage liens on the underlying property, but senior to any preferred equity or common equity interests in the entity that
owns the property. Investor rights are usually governed by intercreditor agreements.
Other
Investment Strategies. The Fund may also invest in commercial real estate mezzanine
loans, real estate mortgages, distressed securities, notes, bills, debentures, bank loans, convertible and preferred securities, government
and municipal obligations and other credit instruments with similar economic characteristics. In addition, from time to time, the Fund
may invest in or hold common stock and other equity securities incidental to the purchase or ownership of a Syndicated Loan or Corporate
Bond or in connection with a reorganization of a borrower. The Fund may engage in short sales. The Fund may also use Derivatives to gain
investment exposure to credit instruments, to provide downside protection and to dampen volatility. Derivatives may allow the Fund to
increase or decrease the level of risk to which the Fund is exposed more quickly and efficiently than transactions in other types of instruments.
The Fund may invest in securities of other investment companies, including ETFs, to the extent that these investments are consistent with
the Fund’s investment objective, strategies and policies and permissible under the 1940 Act or any applicable exemption therefrom.
The Fund may invest in other investment companies to gain broad market or sector exposure, including during periods when it has large
amounts of uninvested cash or when the Advisors believe share prices of other investment companies offer attractive values.
Other
Characteristics
Below
Investment Grade Credit Instruments. Most of the credit instruments in which
the Fund may invest will be rated below investment grade (also known as “junk bonds”). Securities rated below investment grade
are those that, at the time of investment, are rated Ba1 or lower by Moody’s Investors Service, Inc. (“Moody’s”),
or BB+ or lower by Standard & Poor’s Corporation Ratings Group (“S&P”) or Fitch Ratings, Inc. (“Fitch”),
or if unrated are determined by the Advisors to be of comparable quality. Below investment grade securities often are regarded as having
predominately speculative characteristics with respect to an issuer’s capacity to pay interest and repay principal. In addition,
lower quality debt securities tend to be more sensitive to general economic conditions. Although many of the Fund’s investments
may consist of securities rated below investment grade, the Fund reserves the right to invest in credit instruments of any credit quality,
maturity and duration.
Foreign
Instruments. The Fund may make investments in non-U.S. entities, including
issuers in emerging markets. Emerging market countries are countries that major international financial institutions, such as the World
Bank, generally consider to be less economically mature than developed nations, such as the United States or most nations in Western Europe.
Emerging market countries can include every nation in the world except the United States, Canada, Japan, Australia, New Zealand, most
countries located in Western Europe and certain other countries. The Fund expects that its investment in non-U.S. issuers will be made
primarily in U.S. dollar denominated securities, but it reserves the right to purchase securities that are foreign currency denominated.
Some non-U.S. securities may be less liquid and more volatile than securities of comparable U.S. issuers.
Illiquid
and Restricted Securities. The Fund may invest in instruments that, at the
time of investment, are illiquid (generally, those securities that cannot be disposed of within seven days in the ordinary course of business
at approximately the value at which the Fund has valued the securities). Although the Fund may invest in such instruments without limitation,
pursuant to the requirements of the 1940 Act, the Board of Trustees (the “Board”) has adopted, and the Fund follows, procedures
designed to ensure that the Fund maintains sufficient liquidity to meet its periodic repurchase obligations as an interval fund. The Fund
may also invest, without limit, in securities that are unregistered (but are eligible for purchase and sale by certain qualified institutional
buyers) or are held by control persons of the issuer and securities that are subject to contractual restrictions on their resale.
The
Fund may invest its cash balances in money market instruments, U.S. government securities, commercial paper,
certificates
of deposit, repurchase agreements and other high-quality debt instruments maturing in one year or less, among other instruments. In addition,
and in response to adverse market, economic or political conditions, the Fund may invest in high-quality fixed income securities, money
market instruments and money market funds or may hold significant positions in cash or cash equivalents for defensive purposes.
MANAGEMENT
AND INCENTIVE FEES
Pursuant
to the investment advisory agreement, dated as of December 6, 2016 (the “Investment Advisory Agreement”), by and between
the Fund and the Advisor, and in consideration of the advisory services provided by the Advisor to the Fund, the Advisor is entitled to
a fee consisting of two components — a base management fee (the “Management Fee”) and an incentive fee (the
“Incentive Fee”). The Investment Advisory Agreement was most recently amended and restated as of May 22, 2020. Pursuant
to the investment sub-advisory agreement, dated as of December 6, 2016 (the “Investment Sub-Advisory Agreement”), by
and between the Advisors and the Fund, the Advisor pays the Sub-Advisor 40% of the Management Fee and Incentive Fee actually received
and retained and not otherwise used to support expenses.
The
Management Fee is calculated and payable monthly at the annual rate of 1.25% of the average daily value of the Fund’s Managed Assets.
The
Incentive Fee is calculated and payable quarterly in arrears based upon “pre-incentive fee net investment income” attributable
to each class of the Fund’s Shares for the immediately preceding fiscal quarter, and is subject to a hurdle rate, expressed as a
rate of return based on each class’s average daily net asset value (calculated in accordance with GAAP), equal to 1.50% per quarter
(or an annualized hurdle rate of 6.00%), subject to a “catch-up” feature. For this purpose, “pre-incentive fee net investment
income” means interest income, dividend income and any other income accrued during the fiscal quarter, minus each class’s
operating expenses for the quarter and the distribution and/or shareholder servicing fees (if any) applicable to each class accrued during
the fiscal quarter. For such purposes, the Fund’s operating expenses will include the Management Fee, expenses reimbursed to CAM
under the administration agreement, dated as of December 6, 2016 (the “CAM Administration Agreement”), by and between
the Fund and CAM, and any interest expense and distributions paid on any issued and outstanding Preferred Shares, but will exclude the
Incentive Fee.
The
“catch-up” provision is intended to provide the Advisor with an incentive fee of 15% on each class’s pre-incentive fee
net investment income when that class’s pre-incentive fee net investment income reaches 1.765% of the class’s average daily
net asset value (calculated in accordance with GAAP) in any fiscal quarter.
The
Advisors are obligated to pay expenses associated with providing the investment services stated in the Investment Advisory Agreement and
Investment Sub-Advisory Agreement, including compensation of and office space for their officers and employees connected with investment
and economic research, trading and investment management of the Fund.
The
Board, including a majority of the members of the Board (each, a “Trustee”) that are considered independent and are not “interested
persons” (as defined in Section 2(a)(19) of the 1940 Act) of the Fund or the Advisors (collectively, the “Independent
Trustees”), oversees and monitors the Fund’s investment performance and will periodically review the Investment Advisory Agreement
and Investment Sub-Advisory Agreement to determine, among other things, whether the fees payable under such agreements are reasonable
in light of the services provided.
The
Advisor and the Fund have entered into the Expense Support and Conditional Reimbursement Agreement under which the Advisor may voluntarily
determine to reimburse the Fund’s operating expenses to the extent that it deems appropriate in order to ensure that the Fund bears
an appropriate level of expenses. The Expense Support and Conditional Reimbursement Agreement may be renewed for additional one-year terms
by the mutual agreement of the Advisor and the Fund.
The
Fund has agreed to repay the Advisor in the amount of any Fund expenses reimbursed under the Expense Support and Conditional Reimbursement
Agreement (including any organizational, offering, or operating costs reimbursed under the original and first amended and restated expense
support and conditional reimbursement agreements (collectively, the “Expense Support and Conditional Reimbursement Agreements”))
(each such payment, an “Expense Payment”), subject to the limitation that a reimbursement (an “Advisor Reimbursement”)
will be made only if and to the extent that (i) it is payable not more than three years from the last business day of the calendar
quarter in which the applicable Expense Payment was made by the Advisor; (ii) the Advisor Reimbursement does not cause Other Fund Operating
Expenses (as defined herein) (on an annualized basis and net of any reimbursements received by the Fund during such fiscal year) during
the applicable quarter to exceed the percentage of the Fund’s average net assets attributable to Class U-2 Shares represented
by Other Fund Operating Expenses (on an annualized basis) during the quarter in
which
the applicable Expense Payment from the Advisor was made; and (iii) the distributions per share declared by the Fund for the applicable
class at the time of the applicable Expense Payment are less than the effective rate of distributions per share for such class at the
time the Advisor Reimbursement would be paid. See “Fund Expenses — Expense Support and Conditional Reimbursement Agreement”
for additional information. The Expense Support and Conditional Reimbursement Agreement will remain in effect at least until July 31,
2023, unless and until the Board approves its modification or termination. This agreement may be terminated only by the Board on notice
to the Advisor. See “Fund Expenses.”
Class U-2
Shares will pay to the Distributor a distribution fee (the “Distribution Fee”) that will accrue at an annual rate equal to
0.50% of the Fund’s average daily net assets attributable to Class U-2 Shares and is payable on a quarterly basis. See “Plan
of Distribution.”
Pursuant
to the CAM Administration Agreement, CAM furnishes the Fund with office equipment and clerical, bookkeeping and record keeping services
at the Fund’s office facilities. Under the CAM Administration Agreement, the Fund is obligated to reimburse CAM, at cost, based
upon the Fund’s allocable portion of CAM’s overhead and other expenses (including travel expenses) incurred by CAM in performing
its obligations under the CAM Administration Agreement, including the Fund’s allocable portion of the compensation of certain of
its officers (including but not limited to the chief compliance officer, chief financial officer, chief accounting officer, general counsel,
treasurer and assistant treasurer) and their respective staffs. The CAM Administration Agreement may be terminated by either party without
penalty upon 60 days’ written notice to the other party.
Pursuant
to the administration agreement between ALPS Fund Services, Inc. (“ALPS Fund Services”) and the Fund (the “ALPS
Administration Agreement”), ALPS Fund Services performs, or administers the performance of, certain of the Fund’s required
administrative services, which include, among other things, providing administrative assistance in accounting, legal, compliance, and
operations, preparing the financial records that the Fund is required to maintain and preparing reports to the Fund’s Shareholders
and reports filed with the SEC. In addition, ALPS Fund Services coordinates the preparation and filing of the Fund’s tax returns
and generally coordinates the payment of the Fund’s expenses and the performance of administrative and professional services rendered
to the Fund.
It
is also understood and agreed that if persons associated with the Advisors or any of their affiliates, including persons who are officers
of the Fund, provide accounting, legal, clerical or administrative services to the Fund at the request of the Fund, the Fund will reimburse
the Advisors and their
affiliates
for their costs in providing such accounting, legal, clerical or administrative services to the Fund (which costs may include an allocation
of overhead including rent and the allocable portion of the salaries and benefits of the relevant persons and their respective staffs,
including travel expenses), using a methodology for determining costs approved by the Board. Nothing contained herein shall be construed
to restrict the Fund’s right to hire its own employees or to contract for services to be performed by third parties.
The
Fund’s distribution policy is to make monthly distributions to Shareholders. Distributions can only be made from net investment
income after paying any accrued dividends to holders of Preferred Shares. See “Distributions.”
The
Board reserves the right to change the distribution policy from time to time.
DIVIDEND
REINVESTMENT
PLAN
The
Fund operates under a dividend reinvestment plan (“DRP”) administered by SS&C Global Investor & Distribution Solutions,
Inc. (“SS&C GIDS, Inc.”). Pursuant to the plan, the Fund’s income dividends or capital gains or other distributions
(each, a “Distribution” and collectively, “Distributions”), net of any applicable U.S. withholding tax, are reinvested
in the same class of shares of the Fund.
Shareholders
automatically participate in the DRP, unless and until an election is made to withdraw from the plan on behalf of such participating Shareholder.
A Shareholder who does not wish to have Distributions automatically reinvested may terminate participation in the Plan at any time by
written instructions to that effect to SS&C GIDS, Inc. Shareholders who elect not to participate in the DRP will receive all distributions
in cash paid to the Shareholder of record (or, if the shares are held in street or other nominee name, then to such nominee). Such written
instructions must be received by SS&C GIDS, Inc. 30 days prior to the record date of the Distribution or the Shareholder will
receive such Distribution in shares through the DRP. Under the DRP, the Fund’s Distributions to Shareholders are reinvested in full
and fractional shares. See “Distributions — Dividend Reinvestment Plan.”
The
Board has overall responsibility for monitoring and overseeing the Fund’s management and operations. A majority of the Trustees
are Independent Trustees. See “Management of the Fund.”
The
Fund’s Shares are offered on a daily basis. Please see “Plan of Distribution” on page 101 for purchase instructions
and additional information.
The
minimum initial investment for Class U-2 is $2,500 for regular accounts and $1,000 for retirement plan accounts; subsequent investments
may be made with at least $100 for regular accounts and $50 for retirement plan accounts,
except
for purchases made pursuant to the Fund’s DRP or as otherwise permitted by the Fund. The Fund reserves the right to waive investment
minimums. See “Distributions — Dividend Reinvestment Plan.”
Investors
eligible to purchase Class I Shares may convert Class U-2 Shares to Class I Shares. Class U-2 Shares will automatically
convert into Class I Shares if the total sales charge would otherwise exceed the limits of Financial Industry Regulatory Authority
(“FINRA”) Rule 2341. See “Plan of Distribution” on page 101.
ALPS
Distributors, Inc., located at 1290 Broadway, Suite 1000, Denver, CO 80203, serves as the Fund’s principal underwriter and acts
as the Distributor of the Fund’s Shares on a best efforts basis, subject to various conditions. The Fund’s Shares are offered
for sale through the Distributor at NAV plus the applicable sales load. The Distributor also may enter into broker-dealer selling agreements
with other broker dealers for the sale and distribution of the Fund’s Shares.
The
Distributor is not required to sell any specific number or dollar amount of the Fund’s Shares but will use its best efforts to solicit
orders for the sale of the Shares. Shares of the Fund will not be listed on any national securities exchange and the Distributor will
not act as a market maker in Fund Shares.
The
Distributor has entered into a wholesale marketing agreement with CION Securities, LLC (“CION Securities”), a registered broker-dealer
and an affiliate of CION. Pursuant to the terms of the wholesale marketing agreement, CION Securities will seek to market and otherwise
promote the Fund through various wholesale distribution channels, including, but not limited to, regional and independent retail broker-dealers
and registered investment advisors.
The
Advisors or their affiliates, in the Advisors’ discretion and from their own resources, may pay additional compensation to financial
intermediaries and their agents that have made arrangements with the Fund and are authorized to buy and sell shares of the Fund (collectively,
“Financial Intermediaries”) in connection with the sale of Fund Shares (the “Additional Compensation”). In
return for the Additional Compensation, the Fund may receive certain marketing advantages including access to a broker’s or dealer’s
registered representatives, placement on a list of investment options offered by a broker or dealer, or the ability to assist in training
and educating the broker’s or dealer’s registered representatives. The Additional Compensation may differ among brokers or
dealers in amount or in the amount of calculation. Payments of Additional Compensation may be fixed dollar amounts or, based on the aggregate
value of outstanding Shares held by Shareholders introduced by the broker or dealer, or determined in some other manner. The receipt of
Additional Compensation by a selling broker or dealer may create potential conflicts of interest between an investor and its
broker
or dealer who is recommending the fund over other potential investments.
ERISA
PLANS AND OTHER
TAX-EXEMPT ENTITIES
Investors
subject to the Employee Retirement Income Security Act of 1974, as amended (“ERISA”), and other tax-exempt entities, including
employee benefit plans, individual retirement accounts (“IRAs”), 401(k) plans and Keogh plans, may purchase Shares. Because
the Fund is registered as an investment company under the 1940 Act, the underlying assets of the Fund will not be considered to be “plan
assets” of the ERISA plans investing in the Fund for purposes of ERISA’s fiduciary responsibility and prohibited transaction
rules. Thus, none of the Fund or the Advisors will be a fiduciary within the meaning of ERISA with respect to the assets of any ERISA
plan that becomes a Shareholder, solely as a result of the ERISA plan’s investment in the Fund. See “ERISA Considerations.”
UNLISTED
CLOSED-END INTERVAL FUND STRUCTURE
The
Fund has been organized as a continuously offered, diversified closed-end management investment company. Closed-end funds differ from
open-end funds (commonly known as mutual funds) in that investors in closed-end funds do not have the right to redeem their shares on
a daily basis. Unlike most closed-end funds, which typically list their shares on a securities exchange, the Fund does not currently intend
to list the Shares for trading on any securities exchange, and the Fund does not expect any secondary market to develop for the Shares
in the foreseeable future. Therefore, an investment in the Fund, unlike an investment in a typical closed-end fund, is not a liquid investment.
To provide some liquidity to Shareholders, the Fund will be structured as an “interval fund” and conduct quarterly repurchase
offers for a limited amount of the Fund’s Shares (at least 5%).
The
Fund believes that an unlisted closed-end structure is most appropriate for the long-term nature of the Fund’s strategy. With event-driven
strategies or similar types of investments, the ability to hold positions — through all manner of market environments — until
the occurrence of the anticipated event or catalyst that unlocks value is crucial. Features that interfere with this ability (such as
daily redemptions permitted by open-end funds that can require the premature sale of investments) could impair the Fund’s ability
to execute its investment strategy. Accordingly, an unlisted closed-end structure helps the Fund achieve its investment objective. The
Fund’s NAV per Share may be volatile. As the Shares are not traded, investors will not be able to dispose of their investment in
the Fund no matter how poorly the Fund performs. Because exchange-traded closed-end funds also do not redeem Shares, they also could execute
the Fund’s buy-and-hold strategy. Because an exchange-traded closed-end fund’s shares can trade at a discount to NAV, they
may present a more attractive opportunity to investors.
The
Fund currently offers seven different classes of Shares: Class A, Class C, Class I, Class L, Class U, Class U-2
and Class W Shares. The Fund began continuously offering its Shares on January 3, 2017. As of July 11, 2017, the Fund simultaneously
redesignated its issued and outstanding Shares as Class A Shares and created its Class C, Class I and Class L Shares.
As of December 4, 2018, the Fund created its Class U and Class W Shares. As of March 31, 2020, the Fund created its
Class U-2 Shares. An investment in any Share class of the Fund represents an investment in the same assets of the Fund. However,
the purchase restrictions and ongoing fees and expenses for each Share class are different. The fees and expenses for the Fund are set
forth in “Summary of Fees and Expenses.” If you have hired an intermediary and are eligible to invest in more than one class
of Shares, the intermediary may help determine which Share class is appropriate for you. When selecting a Share class, you should consider
which Share classes are available to you, how much you intend to invest, how long you expect to own Shares, and the total costs and expenses
associated with a particular Share class. The Fund offers Class A Shares, Class C Shares, Class I Shares, Class L
Shares, Class U Shares and Class W Shares through different prospectuses. Investors eligible to purchase Class I Shares
may convert Class U-2 Shares to Class I Shares. See “Plan of Distribution.”
Each
investor’s financial considerations are different. You should speak with your financial advisor to help you decide which Share class
is best for you. Not all Financial Intermediaries offer all classes of Shares. If your Financial Intermediary offers more than one class
of Shares, you should carefully consider which class of Shares to purchase.
The
Board has designated the Advisor as the Fund’s valuation designee for purposes of Rule 2a-5 under the 1940 Act. The Advisor
is responsible for the valuation of the Fund’s portfolio investments for which market quotations are not readily available, as determined
in good faith pursuant to the Advisor’s valuation policy and consistently applied valuation process. Pursuant to the portfolio valuation
process set forth in the Advisor’s valuation policy, the Advisor utilizes independent third-party pricing services and independent
third-party valuation services. Portfolio securities and other assets for which market quotes are readily available are valued at market
value. In circumstances where market quotes are not readily available, the Advisor has adopted methods for determining the fair value
of such securities and other assets. The Fund utilizes the Fund’s NAV per Fund Share, as determined by the Fund in accordance
with the methodology described in the Advisor’s valuation policy, in determining the Fund’s NAV per Share. Valuations of Fund
investments are disclosed in reports publicly filed with the SEC.
The
Advisor will provide the Board with periodic reports, no less than quarterly, that discuss the functioning of the valuation process, if
applicable to that period, and that identify issues and valuation problems that have arisen, if any. See “Determination of Net Asset
Value.”
The
Shares have no history of public trading, nor is it intended that the Shares will be listed on a public exchange at this time. No secondary
market is expected to develop for the Fund’s Shares.
The
Fund is an “interval fund,” a type of fund which, to provide some liquidity to Shareholders, makes quarterly offers to repurchase
between 5% and 25% of its outstanding Shares at NAV, pursuant to Rule 23c-3 under the 1940 Act, unless such offer is suspended or
postponed in accordance with regulatory requirements (as discussed below). In connection with any given repurchase offer, it is expected
the Fund will offer to repurchase only the minimum amount of 5% of its outstanding Shares. Quarterly repurchases occur in the months
of March, June, September and December. The offer to purchase Shares is a fundamental policy that may not be changed without the vote
of the holders of a majority of the Fund’s outstanding voting securities (as defined in the 1940 Act). Written notification of each
quarterly repurchase offer (the “Repurchase Offer Notice”) is sent to Shareholders at least 21 calendar days before the repurchase
request deadline (i.e., the date
by which Shareholders can tender their Shares in response to a repurchase offer) (the “Repurchase Request Deadline”). The
Fund expects to determine the NAV applicable to repurchases on the Repurchase Request Deadline. However, the NAV will be calculated no
later than the 14th calendar day (or the next business day if the 14th calendar day is not a business day) after the Repurchase Request
Deadline (the “Repurchase Pricing Date”). The Fund expects to distribute payment to Shareholders between one and three business
days after the Repurchase Pricing Date and will distribute such payment no later than seven calendar days after such Date. The Fund’s
Shares are not listed on any securities exchange, and the Fund anticipates that no secondary market will develop for its Shares. Accordingly,
you may not be able to sell Shares when and/or in the amount that you desire. Thus, the Shares are appropriate only as a long-term investment.
In addition, the Fund’s repurchase offers may subject the Fund and Shareholders to special risks. See “Types of Investments
and Related Risks — Repurchase Offers Risks.”
The
Fund has elected to be treated for U.S. federal income tax purposes, and intends to qualify annually, as a regulated investment company
(“RIC”) under Subchapter M of the Internal Revenue Code of 1986, as amended (the “Code”). As a RIC, the Fund generally
will not be subject to corporate-level U.S. federal income taxes on any net ordinary income or capital gains that is currently distributed
as
dividends for U.S. federal income tax purposes to Shareholders, as applicable. To qualify and maintain its qualification as a RIC for
U.S. federal income tax purposes, the Fund is required to meet certain specified source-of-income and asset diversification requirements
and is required to distribute dividends for U.S. federal income tax purposes of an amount at least equal to 90% of the sum of its net
ordinary income and realized net short-term capital gains in excess of realized net long-term capital losses each tax year to Shareholders,
as applicable. See “Distributions” and “Tax Aspects.”
For
accounting purposes, the Fund’s fiscal year is the 12-month period ending on December 31.
As
soon as practicable after the end of each calendar year, a statement on Form 1099-DIV identifying the sources of the distributions paid
by the Fund to Shareholders for tax purposes will be furnished to Shareholders subject to Internal Revenue Service (“IRS”)
reporting. In addition, the Fund will prepare and transmit to Shareholders an unaudited semi-annual and an audited annual report within
60 days after the close of the period for which the report is being made, or as otherwise required by the 1940 Act.
Investing
in the Fund involves risks, including the risk that a Shareholder may receive little or no return on their investment or that a Shareholder
may lose part or all of their investment. Below is a summary of some of the principal risks of investing in the Fund. For a more complete
discussion of the risks of investing in the Fund, see “Types of Investments and Related Risks.” Shareholders should consider
carefully the following principal risks before investing in the Fund:
•
Unlike
most closed-end funds, the Fund’s Shares will not be listed on any securities exchange;
•
Although
the Fund intends to implement a quarterly share repurchase program, there is no guarantee that an investor will be able to sell all of
the Shares that the investor desires to sell. The Fund should therefore be considered to offer limited liquidity;
•
The
capital markets may experience periods of disruption and instability. Such market conditions may materially and adversely affect debt
and equity capital markets, which may have a negative impact on the Fund’s business and operations;
•
If
a Shareholder is able to sell its Shares, the Shareholder likely will receive less than its purchase price and the then current NAV per
Share;
•
The
Fund’s distributions may be funded from offering proceeds or borrowings, which may constitute a return of capital and reduce the
amount of capital available to
the
Fund for investment. Any capital returned to Shareholders through distributions will be distributed after payment of fees and expenses,
as well as the sales load;
•
A
return of capital to Shareholders is a return of a portion of their original investment in the Fund, thereby reducing the tax basis of
their investment. As a result from such reduction in tax basis, Shareholders may be subject to tax in connection with the sale of Fund Shares,
even if such Shares are sold at a loss relative to the Shareholder’s original investment;
•
The
Fund’s investments in securities and other obligations of companies that are experiencing distress involve a substantial degree
of risk, require a high level of analytical sophistication for successful investment, and require active monitoring;
•
Below
investment grade instruments (also known as “junk bonds”) have predominantly speculative characteristics and may be particularly
susceptible to economic downturns, which could cause losses;
•
Certain
investments may be exposed to the credit risk of the counterparties with whom the Fund deals;
•
The
valuation of securities or instruments that lack a central trading place (such as fixed-income securities or instruments) may carry greater
risk than those that trade on an exchange;
•
It
is expected that most of the securities and instruments held by the Fund will not trade on an exchange;
•
The
value of convertible securities may be adversely affected by changes in interest rates, as well as the market price and volatility of
the underlying security;
•
Derivative
investments have risks, including the imperfect correlation between the value of such instruments and the underlying assets of the Fund;
•
The
Fund may be materially adversely affected by market, economic and political conditions, public health emergencies (e.g. the coronavirus
outbreak, epidemics and other pandemics), wars and supply chain disruptions, globally and in the jurisdictions and sectors in which the
Fund invests;
•
Non-U.S.
securities may be traded in undeveloped, inefficient and less liquid markets and may experience greater price volatility and changes in
value;
•
Changes
in foreign currency exchange rates may adversely affect the U.S. dollar value of and returns on foreign denominated investments;
•
Credit
intermediation involving entities and activities outside the regular banking system (i.e.,
the “shadow banking system” in Europe) could result in increased regulatory and operating costs, which could adversely affect
the implementation of the Fund’s investment strategies, income and returns;
•
U.S.
and global markets recently have experienced increased volatility and inflation;
•
Legal
and regulatory changes could occur, which may materially adversely affect the Fund;
•
The
Fund is a diversified, closed-end investment company;
•
The
Fund’s ability to grow depends on its ability to raise capital;
•
The
Fund may borrow money, including through the use of Preferred Shares, which magnifies the potential for gain or loss on amounts invested,
subjects the Fund to certain covenants with which it must comply and may increase the risk of investing with the Fund;
•
The
Fund operates in a highly competitive market for investment opportunities;
•
The
Fund is exposed to risks associated with changes in interest rates;
•
The
Fund’s financial condition and results of operations could be negatively affected if a significant investment fails to perform as
expected;
•
There
are significant and potential conflicts of interest that could impact the Fund’s investment returns;
•
To
qualify and remain eligible for the special tax treatment accorded to RICs and their shareholders under the Code, the Fund must meet certain
source-of-income, asset diversification and annual distribution requirements, and failure to do so could result in the loss of RIC status.
Accordingly,
the Fund should be considered a speculative investment that entails substantial risks, and a prospective investor should invest in the
Fund only if they can sustain a complete loss of their investment.
SUMMARY
OF FEES AND EXPENSES
The
following table illustrates the aggregate fees and expenses that the Fund expects to incur and that Shareholders can expect to bear directly
or indirectly.
SHAREHOLDER
TRANSACTION EXPENSES |
|
|
U-2
Share |
|
Maximum
sales load imposed on purchases(1)
|
|
|
|
|
2.50 |
% |
|
Maximum
contingent deferred sales charge |
|
|
|
|
None |
|
|
ANNUAL
FUND EXPENSES(2) (as
a percentage of projected average net assets attributable to Shares) |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Management
fee(3) |
|
|
|
|
1.79 |
% |
|
Incentive
fee(4) |
|
|
|
|
1.06 |
% |
|
Interest
payments on borrowed funds(5)
|
|
|
|
|
1.84 |
% |
|
Other
expenses(6) |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Shareholder
servicing fee(7)
|
|
|
|
|
0.25 |
% |
|
Distribution
fee(8) |
|
|
|
|
0.50 |
% |
|
Remaining
other expenses |
|
|
|
|
0.54 |
% |
|
Total
annual fund expenses |
|
|
|
|
5.98 |
% |
|
(1)
Investors
purchasing Class U-2 Shares may be charged a sales load of up to 2.50% of the investor’s subscription. The table assumes the
maximum sales load is charged. The Distributor may, in its discretion, waive all or a portion of the sales load for certain investors.
See “Plan of Distribution.”
(2)
This
table assumes that the Fund borrows money for investment purposes at an average amount of 42.60% of its net assets (the actual average
amount of its borrowings, including outstanding Preferred Shares, during the twelve-month period ended March 31, 2023).
(3)
The
Management Fee paid by the Fund is calculated at the annual rate of 1.25% of the average daily value of the Fund’s Managed Assets
which includes assets purchased with borrowed money. The table above assumes that the Fund borrows money for investment purposes at an
average amount of 42.60% of its net assets (the actual average amount of its borrowings, including outstanding Preferred Shares, during
the twelve-month period ended March 31, 2023). The Management Fee estimate in the table is greater than 1.25% since it is computed
as a percentage of the Fund’s net assets for presentation therein. In addition, if the Fund’s leverage exceeds this 42.60%
borrowings-to-net assets ratio through additional borrowings (including the issuance of additional Preferred Shares), then the Management
Fee in relation to its net assets would be higher than the estimate presented in the table.
(4)
The
Fund anticipates that it may have interest income that could result in the payment of an Incentive Fee to the Advisor during certain periods.
However, the Incentive Fee is based on the Fund’s performance and will not be paid unless the Fund achieves certain performance
targets. The Fund expects the Incentive Fee the Fund pays to increase to the extent the Fund earns greater interest income through its
investments. The Incentive Fee is calculated and payable quarterly in arrears based upon “pre-incentive fee net investment income”
attributable to each class of the Fund’s Shares for the immediately preceding fiscal quarter, and is subject to a hurdle rate, expressed
as a rate of return on each class’s average daily net asset value (calculated in accordance with GAAP), equal to 1.50% per quarter,
or an annualized hurdle rate of 6.00%, subject to a “catch-up” feature. The amount presented in this table reflects the Incentive
Fee incurred as a percent of average net assets for the twelve-month period ended March 31, 2023. See “Management and
Incentive Fees” for a full explanation of how the Incentive Fee is calculated.
(5)
The
amount shown in the table above is based on the assumption that the Fund borrows money for investment purposes at an average amount of
42.60% of its net assets (the actual average amount of its borrowings, including outstanding Preferred Shares, during the twelve-month
period ended March 31, 2023), at an estimated annual interest rate cost to the Fund of 4.34%, which is the weighted average
interest
rate cost during the twelve-month period ended March 31, 2023 including dividends payable on the Fund’s MRP Shares, which,
in the aggregate, have an average interest rate of 2.98% per annum as of March 31, 2023. The actual amount of interest expense borne
by the Fund will vary over time in accordance with the level of the Fund’s use of borrowings and/or Preferred Shares and variations
in market interest rates. See “Investment Objective, Opportunities and Strategies — Leverage.”
(6)
Other
expenses include accounting, legal and auditing fees of the Fund, and offering costs, as well as the reimbursement of the compensation
of administrative personnel and fees payable to the Independent Trustees. The amount presented in the table is estimated for the twelve-month
period beginning April 1, 2023 based on amounts incurred in the twelve-month period ended March 31, 2023.
(7)
Class U-2
Shares may charge a shareholder servicing fee of up to 0.25% per year. The Fund may use this fee to compensate Financial Intermediaries
or financial institutions for providing ongoing services in respect of clients with whom they have distributed Shares of the Fund. Such
services may include electronic processing of client orders, electronic fund transfers between clients and the Fund, account reconciliations
with the Fund’s transfer agent, facilitation of electronic delivery to clients of Fund documentation, monitoring client accounts
for back-up withholding and any other special tax reporting obligations, maintenance of books and records with respect to the foregoing,
and such other information and liaison services as the Fund or CAM may reasonably request.
(8)
Class U-2
Shares will pay to the Distributor a Distribution Fee that will accrue at an annual rate equal to 0.50% of the average daily net assets
attributable to Class U-2 Shares and is payable on a quarterly basis. See “Plan of Distribution.”
Example:
The
following example demonstrates the projected dollar amount of total expenses that would be incurred over various periods with respect
to a hypothetical investment in Shares. In calculating the following expense amounts, the Fund has assumed its direct and indirect annual
operating expenses would remain at the percentage levels set forth in the table above and do not include any expense support from
the Advisor.
An
investor would pay the following expenses on a $1,000 investment, assuming a 5.0% annual return:
Share
Class |
|
|
1
Year |
|
|
3
Years |
|
|
5
Years |
|
|
10
Years |
|
Class U-2
|
|
|
|
$ |
83 |
|
|
|
|
$ |
197 |
|
|
|
|
$ |
309 |
|
|
|
|
$ |
580 |
|
|
The
example and the expenses in the tables above should not be considered a representation of the Fund’s future expenses, and actual
expenses may be greater or less than those shown. While the example assumes a 5.0% annual return,
as required by the SEC, the Fund’s performance will vary and may result in a return greater or less than 5.0%. For a more complete
description of the various fees and expenses borne directly and indirectly by the Fund, see “Fund Expenses” and “Management
and Incentive Fees.”
You
may qualify for sales charge discounts on purchases of Class U-2 Shares of the Fund. More information about these and other discounts
is available in the “Plan of Distribution” section on page 101 of this prospectus. Appendix A to this prospectus (“Additional
Information about Sales Charge Waivers and Discounts”) or from your financial intermediary.
FINANCIAL
HIGHLIGHTS
The
financial highlights table is intended to help you understand the Fund’s financial performance. The information for the periods
below has been derived from the Fund’s financial statements, which have been audited by Ernst & Young LLP, an independent registered
public accounting firm, whose report, along with this information and additional Fund performance and portfolio information, appears in
the Fund’s Annual Report dated December 31, 2022. To request the Fund’s Annual Report, please call 888-729-4266. The
table below sets forth financial data for one Class U-2 Share throughout the periods presented.
CION
Ares Diversified Credit Fund
Financial Highlights
(in thousands,
except per share data, percentages and as otherwise noted)
|
|
|
For the Year
Ended December 31, 2022 |
|
|
For the Year
Ended December 31, 2021 |
|
|
For the Period
from April 13, 2020 (commencement of operations) to December 31, 2020 |
|
Class U-2 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Per
share data: |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Net asset value,
beginning of period |
|
|
|
$ |
25.85 |
|
|
|
|
$ |
25.17 |
|
|
|
|
$ |
21.79 |
|
|
Income
from investment operations: |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Net investment
income(a) |
|
|
|
|
1.60 |
|
|
|
|
|
1.52 |
|
|
|
|
|
0.76 |
|
|
Net realized
and unrealized gains (losses) |
|
|
|
|
(2.13) |
|
|
|
|
|
0.55 |
|
|
|
|
|
3.62 |
|
|
Total income
(loss) from investment operations |
|
|
|
|
(0.53) |
|
|
|
|
|
2.07 |
|
|
|
|
|
4.38 |
|
|
Less
distributions declared to shareholders: |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
From net investment
income |
|
|
|
|
(1.40) |
|
|
|
|
|
(1.39) |
|
|
|
|
|
(1.00) |
|
|
Total distributions
|
|
|
|
|
(1.40) |
|
|
|
|
|
(1.39) |
|
|
|
|
|
(1.00) |
|
|
Net asset value,
end of period |
|
|
|
$ |
23.92 |
|
|
|
|
$ |
25.85 |
|
|
|
|
$ |
25.17 |
|
|
Total return,
excluding expense support(b)(c)
|
|
|
|
|
(2.11)% |
|
|
|
|
|
8.44% |
|
|
|
|
|
19.71% |
|
|
Total return,
including expense support(c)(d)
|
|
|
|
|
(2.11)% |
|
|
|
|
|
8.44% |
|
|
|
|
|
19.71% |
|
|
Ratios
to average net assets/supplemental data: |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Net assets, end
of period |
|
|
|
$ |
84,792 |
|
|
|
|
$ |
56,851 |
|
|
|
|
$ |
12,018 |
|
|
Including
interest expense: |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Expenses, excluding
expense support(e)(f)(h)
|
|
|
|
|
5.39%(i)
|
|
|
|
|
|
3.74%(i)
|
|
|
|
|
|
4.10% |
|
|
Expenses, including
expense support(e)(f)(g)(h)
|
|
|
|
|
5.39%(i)
|
|
|
|
|
|
3.74%(i)
|
|
|
|
|
|
4.10% |
|
|
Excluding
interest expense: |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Expenses, excluding
expense support(f)(h) |
|
|
|
|
3.83% |
|
|
|
|
|
3.00% |
|
|
|
|
|
3.69% |
|
|
Expenses, including
expense support(f)(g)(h)
|
|
|
|
|
3.83% |
|
|
|
|
|
3.00% |
|
|
|
|
|
3.69% |
|
|
Net investment
income(e)(f) |
|
|
|
|
6.48% |
|
|
|
|
|
5.98% |
|
|
|
|
|
4.48% |
|
|
Portfolio turnover
rate(c) |
|
|
|
|
38.16% |
|
|
|
|
|
43.72% |
|
|
|
|
|
59.77% |
|
|
(a)
Per
share net investment income has been calculated using the average shares outstanding during the period.
(b)
Based
on net asset value per share. Distributions, if any, are assumed for purposes of this calculation to be reinvested at prices obtained
under the Fund’s Dividend Reinvestment Plan. Total Return is not annualized for periods less than one year. Total return excludes
expense support provided or recouped by the Advisor.
(c)
Not
annualized.
(d)
Based
on net asset value per share. Distributions, if any, are assumed for purposes of this calculation to be reinvested at prices obtained
under the Fund’s Dividend Reinvestment Plan. Total Return is not annualized for periods less than one year. Total return includes
expense support provided or (recouped) by the Advisor.
(e)
Includes
organizational and offering costs.
(f)
Annualized.
(g)
Includes
expense support provided or recouped by the Advisor.
(h)
For
the year ended December 31, 2022, the ratio of operating expenses to average net assets consisted of 1.78% of base management fees,
0.71% of incentive fee, 1.56% of the cost of borrowing and 1.34% of other operating expenses. For the year ended December 31, 2021,
the ratio of operating expenses to average net assets consisted of 1.62% of base management fees, 0.74% of the cost of borrowing and 1.38%
of other operating expenses. For the year ended December 31, 2020, the ratio of operating expenses to average net assets consisted
of 1.54% of base management fees, 0.39% of the cost of borrowing, 0.00% of net expense support and 2.17% of other operating expenses.
(i)
Includes
stated dividends and amortization of deferred issuance costs on the MRP Shares.
SENIOR
SECURITIES
Information
about the Fund’s senior securities as of December 31, 2022, December 31, 2021, December 31, 2020, December 31,
2019 and October 31, 2019 is shown in the following table. There were no senior securities outstanding as of October 31, 2018
or October 31, 2017. The information contained in the following table
is derived from the Fund’s Annual Report dated December 31, 2022.
Class and Period
Ended |
|
|
Total Amount Outstanding Exclusive
of Treasury Securities(1) (in
thousands) |
|
|
Asset Coverage Per
Unit(2) ($)
|
|
|
Involuntary Liquidating Preference per
Unit(3)
|
|
|
Average Market Value per
Unit(4)
|
|
Revolving
Credit Facility (Wells Fargo Bank, N.A.) |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
December 31,
2022 |
|
|
|
$ |
348,844 |
|
|
|
|
|
5,299 |
|
|
|
|
|
— |
|
|
|
|
|
N/A |
|
|
December 31,
2021 |
|
|
|
$ |
225,664 |
|
|
|
|
|
6,461 |
|
|
|
|
|
— |
|
|
|
|
|
N/A |
|
|
December 31,
2020 |
|
|
|
$ |
77,025 |
|
|
|
|
|
6,233 |
|
|
|
|
|
— |
|
|
|
|
|
N/A |
|
|
December 31,
2019 |
|
|
|
$ |
19,054 |
|
|
|
|
|
5,383 |
|
|
|
|
|
— |
|
|
|
|
|
N/A |
|
|
October 31,
2019 |
|
|
|
$ |
19,397 |
|
|
|
|
|
3,847 |
|
|
|
|
|
— |
|
|
|
|
|
N/A |
|
|
Revolving
Credit Facility (State Street Bank and Trust Company) |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
December 31,
2022 |
|
|
|
$ |
317,201 |
|
|
|
|
|
5,299 |
|
|
|
|
|
— |
|
|
|
|
|
N/A |
|
|
December 31,
2021 |
|
|
|
$ |
176,803 |
|
|
|
|
|
6,461 |
|
|
|
|
|
— |
|
|
|
|
|
N/A |
|
|
December 31,
2020 |
|
|
|
$ |
111,283 |
|
|
|
|
|
6,233 |
|
|
|
|
|
— |
|
|
|
|
|
N/A |
|
|
December 31,
2019 |
|
|
|
$ |
110,387 |
|
|
|
|
|
5,383 |
|
|
|
|
|
— |
|
|
|
|
|
N/A |
|
|
October 31,
2019 |
|
|
|
$ |
144,357 |
|
|
|
|
|
3,847 |
|
|
|
|
|
— |
|
|
|
|
|
N/A |
|
|
Mandatory
Redeemable Preferred Shares* |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
December 31,
2022 |
|
|
|
$ |
420,000 |
|
|
|
|
|
81.52 |
|
|
|
|
$ |
25.00 |
|
|
|
|
|
N/A |
|
|
December 31,
2021 |
|
|
|
$ |
300,000 |
|
|
|
|
|
93.11 |
|
|
|
|
$ |
25.00 |
|
|
|
|
|
N/A |
|
|
*
There
were no mandatory redeemable preferred shares outstanding as of December 31, 2020, December 31, 2019 and October 31, 2019.
(1)
Total
amount of each class of senior securities outstanding at principal value at the end of the period presented.
(2)
The
asset coverage ratio for a class of senior securities representing indebtedness is calculated as our consolidated total assets, less all
liabilities and indebtedness not represented by senior securities, divided by total senior securities representing indebtedness as calculated
separately for each of the Preferred Shares and the credit facilities in accordance with Section 18(h) of the 1940 Act. With respect
to the Preferred Shares, the asset coverage per unit figure is expressed in terms of dollar amounts per share of outstanding Preferred
Shares (based on a per share liquidation preference of $25). With respect to the credit facilities, the asset coverage ratio is multiplied
by $1,000 to determine the “Asset Coverage Per Unit”.
(3)
The
amount to which such class of senior security would be entitled upon our involuntary liquidation in preference to any security junior
to it. The “—” in this column indicates that the SEC expressly does not require this information to be disclosed for
certain types of senior securities.
(4)
Not
applicable to senior securities outstanding as of period end.
THE
FUND
The
Fund is a diversified, closed-end management investment company that is registered under the 1940 Act. The Fund is structured as an “interval
fund” and continuously offers its Shares. The Fund was organized as a Delaware statutory trust on June 21, 2016. The principal
office of the Fund is located at 100 Park Avenue, 25th Floor, New York, NY 10017 and its telephone number is 212-418-4700.
The
Fund’s investment objective is to provide superior risk-adjusted returns across various market cycles by investing in a diversified
portfolio of liquid and illiquid asset classes. The Fund seeks to capitalize on market inefficiencies and relative value opportunities
throughout the entire global credit spectrum.
The
Fund invests primarily in a portfolio of directly originated loans, secured floating and fixed rate syndicated loans, corporate bonds,
asset-backed securities, commercial real estate loans and other types of credit instruments, which, under normal circumstances, will represent
at least 80% of the Fund’s Managed Assets. In addition, the Fund invests primarily in those countries where creditors’ rights
are protected by law, such as countries in North America and Western Europe, although in select situations the Fund may invest in securities
of issuers domiciled elsewhere. The geographic areas of focus are subject to change from time to time and may be changed without notice
to Shareholders. There is no minimum or maximum limit on the amount of the Fund’s assets that may be invested in non-U.S. securities.
The
Fund seeks to achieve its investment objective by employing an opportunistic, dynamic and untethered global credit investments strategy
based on absolute and relative value considerations and its analysis of credit markets. It seeks risk-adjusted returns over full market
cycles by creating and managing a portfolio with balanced exposures to multiple industry sectors and geographic regions, systematically
allocating capital across multiple segments of the global fixed-income markets, including U.S. and non-U.S. credit instruments. For a
further discussion of the Fund’s principal investment strategies, see “Investment Objective, Opportunities and Strategies.”
There can be no assurance that the Fund will achieve its investment objective.
The
Fund’s investment advisor is CAM. Ares Capital is the Fund’s investment sub-advisor. CAM oversees the management of the Fund’s
activities and is responsible for making investment decisions for the Fund’s portfolio with recommendations and support from Ares
Capital. See “The Advisor and Sub-Advisor.” Responsibility for monitoring and overseeing the Fund’s investment program,
management and operation is vested in the individuals who serve on the Board.
THE
ADVISOR AND SUB-ADVISOR
CAM,
an investment advisor registered with the SEC under the Advisers Act, serves as the Advisor. CAM is a joint venture between affiliates
of Ares and CION and is controlled by Ares.
CION
is a leading manager of alternative investment solutions that focuses on alternative credit strategies for individual investors. CION
manages CION Investment Corporation (“CIC”), a leading publicly traded business development company with approximately $1.9 billion
in total assets as of December 31, 2022, and sponsors, through CAM, the Fund. Its affiliated broker-dealer, CION Securities, provides
distribution services and has entered into a wholesale marketing agreement with the Distributor and a dealer manager agreement with the
Fund. The dealer manager arrangement is applicable only to certain share classes of the Fund.
Ares
Capital, an investment advisor registered with the SEC under the Advisers Act, serves as the Sub-Advisor. Ares is a publicly traded, leading
global alternative investment manager with over 2,550 employees. Ares had approximately $352.0 billion in assets under management
(“AUM”) as of December 31, 2022, of which approximately $214.2 billion was related to its credit business, across
a diverse platform that it manages on behalf of organizations including but not limited to pension and endowment funds, sovereign wealth
funds, financial institutions, insurance companies and individual investors.*
*
As
of December 31, 2022, AUM amounts include funds managed by Ivy Hill Asset Management, L.P., a wholly owned portfolio company of Ares
Capital Corporation (“ARCC”) and a registered investment advisor.
USE
OF PROCEEDS
The
proceeds from the sale of Shares, not including the amount of any applicable sales loads paid by investors net of the Fund’s fees
and expenses, are invested by the Fund to pursue its investment program and strategies. The Fund expects to invest the proceeds obtained
by it promptly after receipt of such proceeds.
INVESTMENT
OBJECTIVE, OPPORTUNITIES AND STRATEGIES
Investment
Objective
The
Fund’s investment objective is to provide superior risk-adjusted returns across various market cycles by investing in a diversified
portfolio of liquid and illiquid asset classes. The Fund seeks to capitalize on market inefficiencies and relative value opportunities
throughout the entire global credit spectrum. There can be no assurance that the Fund will achieve its investment objective.
Investment
Opportunities and Strategies
The
Fund invests primarily in a portfolio of directly originated loans, secured floating and fixed rate syndicated loans, corporate bonds,
asset-backed securities, commercial real estate loans and other types of credit instruments, which, under normal circumstances, will represent
at least 80% of the Fund’s Managed Assets. For purposes of this policy, “credit instruments” may include commercial
real estate mezzanine loans, real estate mortgages, distressed securities, notes, bills, debentures, bank loans, convertible and preferred
securities, government and municipal obligations. The Fund may also invest in foreign instruments and illiquid and restricted securities.
Opportunistic,
Flexible, Untethered Credit Investments Strategy. The Advisors intend to employ
an opportunistic, flexible and untethered global credit investments strategy based on absolute and relative value considerations and their
analysis of the credit markets. The Advisors seek risk-adjusted returns over full market cycles by creating and managing a portfolio with
balanced exposures to multiple industry sectors and geographic regions. The Advisors will make tactical allocations of assets across multiple
segments of the global fixed-income markets, including U.S. and non-U.S. credit instruments. It is anticipated that most of the Fund’s
investments will be rated below investment grade or would be rated below investment grade if they were rated. Non-investment grade fixed
income securities, also known as “junk bonds”, are considered speculative. Some of the credit instruments will have no credit
rating at all. The Fund is untethered to benchmark-specific guidelines, thereby providing the Advisors with significant latitude to invest
where they see opportunities and to reduce exposure to areas where they see less value or heightened downside risks.
Relative
Value Focus. A primary driver of the Fund’s investment strategy will
be a relative value focus whereby the Advisors seek to identify market dislocations caused by, among other factors, (i) significant
corporate transactional events, such as spinoffs, mergers and acquisitions, industry consolidations, liquidations, reorganizations, bankruptcies,
recapitalizations and share buybacks and other extraordinary corporate transactions; (ii) market inefficiencies resulting from the
misunderstanding by the broader investment community of a particular company or industry, which misunderstanding results in the income
of such investment reflecting a higher risk premium or the market price of such investment reflecting a lower value than is deemed warranted
by the Advisors and; (iii) companies experiencing financial stress resulting in a mispricing of their securities either because such
securities pay higher income due to perceived risk or trade at a significant discount to fair value whereby the underlying asset values
limit downside risk and offer meaningful upside potential; and (iv) sell-offs in one or more of the relevant credit markets.
Access
to Ares Transaction Flow. The Advisors intend to benefit from the market presence,
scale, infrastructure and demonstrated investment experience of Ares to gain access to transaction flow and a broad set of investment
opportunities across the non-investment grade credit spectrum. Unlike many other alternative investment managers, Ares operates in a fully
integrated manner and encourages frequent collaboration among its investment professionals. This unique approach allows Ares to draw from
the collective market insight, industry expertise, contacts and experience of its over 880 investment professionals around the world.
The
Fund intends to focus on what the Advisors believe are the broader Ares platform’s most attractive investment ideas and allocate
investments sourced from Ares’s multi-billion dollar credit platform to achieve its investment objective. As such, the Advisors
have the flexibility to invest where they see opportunities, based on their extensive credit research expertise and analysis of the relevant
credit markets, in a variety of credit instruments with varying yield and risk profiles. Many investment vehicles available for retail
investors do not include certain asset classes that the Fund will invest in such as private asset-backed investments and directly originated
loans, and therefore the Fund offers a differentiated investment opportunity to the retail investor base.
Active
Monitoring and Investing, with Bottom-Up and Top-Down Credit Analysis by Deep and Experienced Team. The
Advisors will actively construct and manage a portfolio of credit investments and, as necessary, periodically rebalance the Fund’s
allocation of assets among different types of credit investments utilizing the Advisors’ strategies to seek to optimize the Fund’s
allocation to achieve the Fund’s investment objective under the market conditions existing at such time.
With
respect to each investment opportunity, the Advisors intend to take a bottom-up and top-down approach to their credit analysis that will
focus on each individual investment as well as global macroeconomic factors and the industry in which the subject entity operates. The
Advisors’ investment process will be rigorous, proactive and continuous, and will emphasize team management. Close monitoring of
each investment in the portfolio provides the basis for making buy, sell and hold decisions. In managing the Fund’s portfolio, the
Advisors will utilize their and the broader Ares platform’s deep and experienced teams of credit specialists to analyze investments
and engage in regular and periodic monitoring of credit risk with a goal toward the early identification, and sale, of credit instruments
and other investments with potential credit problems. This monitoring process may include reviewing (i) an issuer’s financial
resources and operating history; (ii) a comparison of an issuer’s current operating results with the Advisors’ initial
investment thesis for the investment and initial expectations for the performance of the obligation; (iii) an issuer’s sensitivity
to economic conditions; (iv) the performance of an issuer’s management; (v) an issuer’s debt maturities and borrowing
requirements; (vi) an issuer’s interest and asset coverage; and (vii) the relative value of an investment based on an
issuer’s anticipated cash flow or where other comparable assets are trading in the market.
Portfolio
Composition
The
Fund’s portfolio will consist of some combination of the following types of investments:
Direct
Lending. The Fund may invest in first lien senior secured loans (including
“unitranche” loans, which are loans that combine both senior and mezzanine debt, generally in a first lien position), second
lien senior secured loans and mezzanine debt, which in some cases includes an equity component, of U.S. and European middle-market companies,
where the Advisors believe the supply of primary capital is limited and the investment opportunities are most attractive. These investments
are typically made to companies with annual EBITDA between $10 million and $250 million. As used herein, EBITDA represents net
income before net interest expense, income tax expense, depreciation and amortization.
Syndicated
Corporate Loans. Syndicated Loans generally hold the most senior position in
the capital structure of a Borrower, are typically secured with specific collateral and have a claim on the assets and/or stock of the
Borrower that is senior to that held by unsecured creditors, subordinated debt holders and holders of equity of the Borrower. Typically,
in order to borrow money pursuant to a Syndicated Loan, a Borrower will, for the term of the Syndicated Loan, pledge collateral (subject
to typical exceptions), including but not limited to (i) working capital assets, such as accounts receivable and inventory; (ii) tangible
fixed assets, such as real property, buildings and equipment; (iii) intangible assets, such as trademarks and patent rights; and
(iv) security interests in shares of stock of subsidiaries or affiliates. In the case of Syndicated Loans made to non-public companies,
the company’s shareholders or owners may provide collateral in the form of secured guarantees and/or security interests in assets
that they own. In many instances, a Syndicated Loan may be secured only by stock in the Borrower or its subsidiaries. Collateral may consist
of assets that may not be readily liquidated, and there is no assurance that the liquidation of such assets would satisfy fully a Borrower’s
obligations under a Syndicated Loan.
A
Borrower must comply with various covenants contained in a loan agreement or note purchase agreement between the Borrower and the holders
of the Syndicated Loan (the “Loan Agreement”). In a typical Syndicated Loan, an administrative agent (the “Agent”)
administers the terms of the Loan Agreement. In such cases, the Agent is normally responsible for the collection of principal and interest
payments from the Borrower and the apportionment of these payments to the credit of all institutions that are parties to the Loan Agreement.
The Fund will generally rely upon the Agent or an intermediate participant to receive and forward to the Fund its portion of the principal
and interest payments on the Syndicated Loan. Additionally, the Fund normally will rely on the Agent and the other loan investors to use
appropriate credit remedies against the Borrower. The Agent is typically responsible for monitoring compliance with covenants contained
in the Loan Agreement based upon reports prepared by the
Borrower.
The Agent may monitor the value of the collateral and, if the value of the collateral declines, may accelerate the Syndicated Loan, may
give the Borrower an opportunity to provide additional collateral or may seek other protection for the benefit of the participants in
the Syndicated Loan. The Agent is compensated by the Borrower for providing these services under a Loan Agreement, and such compensation
may include special fees paid upon structuring and funding the Syndicated Loan and other fees paid on a continuing basis.
Syndicated
Loans typically have rates of interest that are determined daily, monthly, quarterly or semi-annually by reference to a base lending rate,
plus a premium or credit spread. As a result, as short-term interest rates increase, interest payable to the Fund from its investments
in Syndicated Loans should increase, and as short-term interest rates decrease, interest payable to the Fund from its investments in Syndicated
Loans should decrease. These base lending rates are primarily LIBOR, SOFR, or another reference rate, and secondarily the prime rate offered
by one or more major U.S. banks and the certificate of deposit rate or other base lending rates used by commercial lenders.
Although
not initially a principal investment strategy, the Fund may purchase and retain in its portfolio Syndicated Loans where the Borrower has
experienced, or may be perceived to be likely to experience, credit problems, including involvement in or recent emergence from bankruptcy
court proceedings or other forms of debt restructuring. Such distressed investments may provide opportunities for enhanced income as well
as capital appreciation, although they also will be subject to greater risk of loss. At times, in connection with the restructuring of
a Syndicated Loan either outside of bankruptcy court or in the context of bankruptcy court proceedings, the Fund may determine or be required
to accept equity securities or junior credit securities in exchange for all or a portion of a Syndicated Loan.
In
the process of buying, selling and holding Syndicated Loans, the Fund may receive and/or pay certain fees. These fees are in addition
to interest payments received and may include facility fees, commitment fees, amendment fees, commissions and prepayment penalty fees.
On an ongoing basis, the Fund may receive a commitment fee based on the undrawn portion of the underlying line of credit portion of a
Syndicated Loan. In certain circumstances, the Fund may receive a prepayment penalty fee upon the prepayment of a Syndicated Loan by a
Borrower. Other fees received by the Fund may include covenant waiver fees, covenant modification fees or other amendment fees.
Corporate
Bonds. An issuer of Corporate Bonds typically pays the investor a fixed rate
of interest and must repay the amount borrowed on or before maturity. The investment return of Corporate Bonds reflects interest on the
security and changes in the market value of the security. The market value of a Corporate Bond generally may be expected to rise and fall
inversely with interest rates. The value of intermediate- and longer-term Corporate Bonds normally fluctuates more in response to changes
in interest rates than does the value of shorter-term Corporate Bonds. The market value of a Corporate Bond also may be affected by investors’
perceptions of the creditworthiness of the issuer, the issuer’s performance and perceptions of the issuer in the market place. There
is a risk that the issuers of Corporate Bonds may not be able to meet their obligations on interest or principal payments at the time
called for by an instrument. The Fund may utilize various types of Derivatives, including swaps, for the purpose of gaining exposure to
Corporate Bonds.
Structured
Credit. The Fund may invest in asset-backed opportunities across broad sectors
such as consumer and commercial specialty finance and corporate credit. The Fund will target investment opportunities that are directly
originated and privately negotiated that may include (i) financings secured by pools of consumer loans, commercial loans or real
estate assets; (ii) the outright purchase of pools of consumer loans, commercial loans or real estate assets; and (iii) debt
and equity investments in U.S.-dollar-denominated CLOs that are primarily backed by corporate leveraged loans issued to primarily U.S.
CLOs, as well as Euro-denominated CLOs that are backed primarily by corporate leveraged loans issued to primarily European CLOs. The investments
in the “equity” of structured credit products (including CLOs) refers to the Residual Tranche.
The
CLO equity tranches (or other similar junior tranches) and privately issued asset-backed securities in which the Fund invests may be highly
leveraged, which magnifies the Fund’s risk of loss on such investments.
Stressed
Investments. The Fund may invest in preferred or common shares, or other instruments,
of companies undergoing, or that have recently completed, bankruptcies, reorganizations, insolvencies, liquidations or other fundamental
changes or similar proceedings or other Stressed Issuers. In any investment opportunity involving any such type, there exists the risk
that the contemplated transaction either will be unsuccessful, will take considerable time or will result in a distribution of cash or
new securities, the value of which will be less than the purchase price to the Fund of the securities or other financial instruments in
respect of which such distribution is received. Similarly, if an anticipated transaction does not in fact occur, the Fund may be required
to sell its investment at a loss. The consummation of such transactions can be prevented or delayed by a variety of factors, including
but not limited to (i) intervention of a regulatory agency; (ii) market conditions resulting in material changes in securities
prices; (iii) compliance with any applicable bankruptcy, insolvency or securities laws; and (iv) the inability to obtain adequate
financing. Because there is substantial uncertainty concerning the outcome of transactions involving financially troubled companies in
which the Fund intends to invest, there is a potential risk of loss by the Fund of its entire investment in such companies.
Commercial
Real Estate Loans.
Senior
Mortgage Loans: These mortgage loans are typically secured by first liens on commercial properties, including the following
property types: office, multifamily, retail, industrial, hospitality and mixed-use. In some cases, first lien mortgages may be divided
into an A-Note and a B-Note. The A-Note is typically a privately negotiated loan that is secured by a first mortgage on a commercial property
or group of related properties that is senior to a B-Note secured by the same first mortgage property or group.
Subordinated
Debt: These loans may include structurally subordinated first mortgage loans and junior participations in first mortgage
loans or participations in these types of assets. As noted above, a B-Note is typically a privately negotiated loan that is secured by
a first mortgage on a commercial property or group of related properties and is subordinated to an A-Note secured by the same first mortgage
property or group. The subordination of a B-Note or junior participation typically is evidenced by participations or intercreditor agreements
with other holders of interests in the note. B-Notes are subject to more credit risk with respect to the underlying mortgage collateral
than the corresponding A-Note.
Preferred
Equity: Real estate preferred equity investments are subordinate to first mortgage loans and are not collateralized by
the property underlying the investment. As a holder of preferred equity, the Fund seeks to enhance its position with covenants that limit
the activities of the entity in which the Fund has an interest and protect the Fund’s equity by obtaining an exclusive right to
control the underlying property after an event of default, should such a default occur on the Fund’s investment.
Mezzanine
Loans: Like B-Notes, these loans are also subordinated, but are usually secured by a pledge of the borrower’s equity
ownership in the entity that owns the property or by a second lien mortgage on the property. In a liquidation, these loans are generally
junior to any mortgage liens on the underlying property, but senior to any preferred equity or common equity interests in the entity that
owns the property. Investor rights are usually governed by intercreditor agreements.
Other
Investment Strategies. The Fund may also invest in distressed securities, notes,
bills, debentures, bank loans, convertible and preferred securities, government and municipal obligations and other credit instruments
with similar economic characteristics. In addition, from time to time, the Fund may invest in or hold common shares and other equity securities
incidental to the purchase or ownership of a Syndicated Loan or Corporate Bond or in connection with a reorganization of a borrower. The
Fund may engage in short sales. The Fund may also use Derivatives to gain investment exposure to credit instruments, to provide downside
protection and to dampen volatility. Derivatives may allow the Fund to increase or decrease the level of risk to which the Fund is exposed
more quickly and efficiently than transactions in other types of instruments. The Fund may invest in securities of other investment companies,
including ETFs, to the extent that these investments are consistent with the Fund’s investment objective, strategies and policies
and permissible under the 1940 Act or any applicable exemption therefrom. The Fund may invest in other investment companies to gain broad
market or sector exposure, including during periods when it has large amounts of uninvested cash or when the Advisors believe share prices
of other investment companies offer attractive values.
Other
Characteristics
Below
Investment Grade Credit Instruments. Most of the credit instruments in which
the Fund may invest will be rated below investment grade (also known as “junk bonds”). Securities rated below investment grade
are those that, at the time of investment, are rated Ba1 or lower by Moody’s, or BB+ or lower by S&P or Fitch, or if unrated
are determined by the Advisors to be of comparable quality. Below investment grade securities often are regarded as having predominately
speculative characteristics with respect to an issuer’s capacity to pay interest and repay principal. In addition, lower quality
debt securities tend to be more sensitive to general economic conditions. Although many of the Fund’s investments may consist of
securities rated below investment grade, the Fund reserves the right to invest in credit instruments of any credit quality, maturity and
duration.
Foreign
Instruments. The Fund may make investments in non-U.S. entities, including
issuers in emerging markets. Emerging market countries are countries that major international financial institutions, such as the World
Bank, generally consider to be less economically mature than developed nations, such as the United States or most nations in Western Europe.
Emerging market countries can include every nation in the world except the United States, Canada, Japan, Australia, New Zealand, most
countries located in Western Europe and certain other countries. The Fund expects that its investment in non-U.S. issuers will be made
primarily in U.S. dollar denominated securities, but it reserves the right to purchase securities that are foreign currency denominated.
Some non-U.S. securities may be less liquid and more volatile than securities of comparable U.S. issuers.
Illiquid
and Restricted Securities. The Fund may invest in instruments that, at the
time of investment, are illiquid (generally, those securities that cannot be disposed of within seven days in the ordinary course of business
at approximately the value at which the Fund has valued the securities). Although the Fund may invest in such instruments without limitation,
pursuant to the requirements of the 1940 Act, the Board has adopted, and the Fund follows, procedures designed to ensure that the Fund
maintains sufficient liquidity to meet its periodic repurchase obligations as an interval fund. The Fund may also invest, without limit,
in securities that are unregistered (but are eligible for purchase and sale by certain qualified institutional buyers) or are held by
control persons of the issuer and securities that are subject to contractual restrictions on their resale.
The
Fund may invest its cash balances in money market instruments, U.S. government securities, commercial paper, certificates of deposit,
repurchase agreements and other high-quality debt instruments maturing in one year or less, among other instruments. In addition, and
in response to adverse market, economic or political conditions, the Fund may invest in high-quality fixed income securities, money market
instruments and money market funds or may hold significant positions in cash or cash equivalents for defensive purposes.
The
Investment Process
The
Fund’s portfolio is managed by CAM employees Mitch Goldstein and Greg Margolies, who are also employees of an affiliate of Ares,
where Mitch Goldstein is Co-Head of the Ares Credit Group and Greg Margolies is a Partner. In managing the portfolio, they employ two
principal inputs, a quantitative allocation model and the Sub-Advisor’s Allocation Committee comprised of portfolio managers and
investment officers from each underlying credit discipline.
The
Ares model utilizes a scoring system intended to quantify the following with a common scale:
•
four
risk factors for each asset class including:
◦
volatility: variability
of price for a given security;
◦
liquidity: extent
to which an asset or security can be purchased or sold within the context of its current quoted price;
◦
loss
probability: probability of realizing a loss from default; and
◦
control
premium: premium to value associated with having a controlling position in structuring and originating debt instruments
•
three
macroeconomic risk factors including correlation to equities, interest rate risk, and geographic/regional risk
•
relative
value spread basis between different asset classes, based on standard deviations in price of each asset
•
relative
value of each asset class as compared to its own historical average measured by standard deviation
The
Ares scoring for each asset class is then used to solve for an optimal allocation mix using a range of targeted returns. Minimum and maximum
concentration and diversification limits may be applied. This output is meant as an objective measure of relative value, useful in guiding
both Allocation Committee discussion and in advising Ares co-portfolio managers as to portfolio construction.
Allocation
Committee meetings are held monthly and serve multiple ends. The forum is intended to facilitate a congress of expert opinions from across
the credit spectrum. Members discuss macroeconomic trends, U.S. and global growth (or contraction), labor market trends, inflation trends,
fiscal and monetary policy trends, asset valuations, liquidity conditions and investor sentiment. Each is addressed with respect to its
potential effect on lending conditions and credit spreads across underlying asset classes. Consensus is not required, however the agenda
will tend to facilitate development of broad “house views” as to macroeconomic forecasts. Specific focus is given to the subject
of valuation, and whether each credit asset class is priced attractively relative to its fundamental (absolute) risk and also by comparison
to other credit assets. Healthy disagreement on this topic is encouraged, and particular consideration given to the spreads at which most
recent loans or bonds have been underwritten by the investment teams of each asset class. The end objective is to determine which asset
classes appear cheaply valued and most attractive relative to the risks inherent to each asset class.
The
process culminates as Mitch Goldstein and Greg Margolies determine portfolio positioning and will decide how much of the Fund’s
portfolio is invested in each credit asset class. The composition and construction of each underlying asset category is then determined
by the portfolio managers specific to that asset category. To the extent possible, such portfolio managers are the same as would be employed
in managing a standalone fund within that underlying asset class and the pool of investment ideas from which the underlying asset category
is populated would similarly be the same. All investments are either sourced from third parties or by Ares directly, but the Fund expects
the vast majority of the Fund’s investments to be directly originated by the Ares investment teams. While each underlying investment
team employs its own distinct investment process tailored to that asset class, all portfolio investments undergo intensive screening,
due diligence, and credit analyses focused on principal preservation and long-term value creation in market leading businesses. This ensures
integrity of process down to the selection of specific companies and credits and is intended to maximize “best ideas” capture
across the platform. As the allocation between various asset classes change, underlying portfolio managers are directed to monetize assets
or increase their investments to raise liquidity or deploy additional investment capital.
TYPES
OF INVESTMENTS AND RELATED RISKS
Investors
should carefully consider the risk factors described below, before deciding on whether to make an investment in the Fund. The risks set
out below are not the only risks the Fund faces. Additional risks and uncertainties not currently known to the Fund or that the Fund currently
deems to be immaterial also may materially adversely affect the Fund’s business, financial condition and/or operating results. If
any of the following events occur, the Fund’s business, financial condition and results of operations could be materially adversely
affected. In such case, the NAV of the Fund’s Shares could decline, and investors may lose all or part of their investment.
Risks
Relating to Investment Strategies and Fund Investments
Distressed
and Event-Driven Investing Risk. The Fund may invest in securities and other
obligations of companies that are involved in significant financial or business distress, including companies involved in bankruptcy or
other reorganization and liquidation proceedings. Although such investments may result in significant income and returns for the Fund,
they involve a substantial degree of risk. The level of analytical sophistication, both financial and legal, necessary for successful
investment in distressed assets is particularly high. There is no assurance that the Fund will correctly evaluate the value of the assets
collateralizing the Fund’s investments or the prospects for a successful reorganization or similar action in respect of any company.
In any reorganization or liquidation proceeding relating to a company in which the Fund invests, the Fund may lose its entire investment,
may be required to accept cash or securities with a value less than the Fund’s original investment and/or may be required to accept
payment over an extended period of time. Troubled company investments and other distressed asset-based investments require active monitoring.
The
Fund may also invest in companies in expectation of a specific event or catalyst, which may be external (e.g.,
a macroeconomic event impacting relevant markets) or an event that is specific to the company (e.g.,
a Chapter 11 filing). Such event-driven investing requires the Fund to make judgments concerning (i) the likelihood that an event
will occur; and (ii) the impact such event will have on the value of the Fund’s investment in the relevant company. If the
event fails to occur or it does not have the effect foreseen, significant losses can result.
Market
Price Inefficiency Risk. The Fund seeks investment opportunities based on what
the Advisors perceive as market inefficiencies. However, recognizing market inefficiencies requires a high level of market expertise and
is inherently difficult because it requires the recognition of information that the majority of market participants have not identified.
The Fund may not effectively recognize market inefficiencies and, even if it does, the market may not correct as the Fund predicts, either
of which could result in significant losses to the Fund.
Limited
Portfolio Companies Risk. The Fund seeks to achieve its investment objective
by focusing on a limited number of opportunities across the investment universe that it believes offer potentially exceptional risk-adjusted
income and returns as compared to more traditional investment strategies under current and expected economic conditions. As a result,
the Fund’s portfolio may be focused in a limited number of portfolio companies and industries. Beyond the asset diversification
requirements associated with the Fund’s qualification as a RIC under Subchapter M of the Code and the fundamental investment limitations
set forth in the Statement of Additional Information, the Fund does not have fixed guidelines for diversification, and while the Fund
is not targeting any specific industries, the Fund’s investments may be focused in relatively few industries or portfolio companies.
As a result, the aggregate income and returns the Fund realizes may be significantly adversely affected if a small number of investments
perform poorly or if the Fund needs to write down the value of any one investment. Additionally, a downturn in any particular industry
in which the Fund is invested could also significantly impact the aggregate income and returns it realizes.
Debt
Instruments Risk. The Fund may invest in loans and other types of debt instruments
and securities. Such investments may be secured, partially secured or unsecured and may be rated or unrated, and whether or not rated,
may have speculative characteristics. Changes in interest rates generally will cause the value of fixed rate debt investments held by
the Fund to vary inversely to such changes. Debt investments with longer terms to maturity or duration are subject to greater volatility
than investments in
shorter-term
obligations. The issuer of a debt security or instrument may not be able or willing to pay interest or to repay principal when due in
accordance with the terms of the associated agreement. An obligor’s willingness to pay interest or to repay principal due in a timely
manner may be affected by, among other factors, its cash flow. Commercial bank lenders may be able to contest payments to the holders
of other debt obligations of the same obligor in the event of default under their commercial bank loan agreements. See also “Types
of Investments and Related Risks — Credit Risk.”
The
Fund may invest in loans and other similar forms of debt. Such forms of indebtedness may be different from traditional debt securities
in that debt securities are typically part of a large issue of securities and loans and similar debt instruments may not be securities,
but may represent a specific commercial loan to a borrower. Loan participations typically represent direct participation, together with
other parties, in a loan to a corporate borrower, and generally are offered by banks or other financial institutions or lending syndicates.
The Fund may participate in such syndications, or can buy part of a loan, becoming a part lender. When purchasing indebtedness and loan
participations, the Fund assumes the credit risk associated with the borrower and may assume the credit risk associated with an interposed
bank or other Financial Intermediary. Members of a syndicate in which the Fund participates may have different and sometimes superior
rights to those of the Fund. Where the Fund invests as a sub-participant in syndicated debt, it may be subject to certain risks as a result
of having no direct contractual relationship with the underlying borrower. As a result, the Fund will generally be dependent on the lender
to enforce its rights and obligations under the loan arrangements in the event of a default by the underlying borrower and will generally
not have any direct rights against the underlying borrower, any direct rights in the collateral, if any, securing such borrowing, or any
right to deal directly with such borrower. The lender will, in general, retain the right to determine whether remedies provided for in
the underlying loan arrangement will be exercised, or waived. In the event that the Fund enters into such an investment, there can be
no assurance that its ability to realize upon a participation will not be interrupted or impaired in the event of the bankruptcy or insolvency
of any of the borrower or the lender or that in such circumstances the Fund will benefit from any set-off between the lender and the borrower.
Claims by third parties arising from these and other risks may be borne by the Fund.
Syndicated
Loans Risk. The Syndicated Loans in which the Fund will invest will primarily
be rated below investment grade, but may also be unrated and of comparable credit quality. As a result, the risks associated with such
Syndicated Loans are generally similar to the risks of other below investment grade fixed income instruments, although Syndicated Loans
are senior and typically secured in contrast to other below investment grade fixed income instruments, which are often subordinated or
unsecured. Investments in below investment grade Syndicated Loans are considered speculative because of the credit risk of the Borrowers.
Such Borrowers are more likely than investment grade Borrowers to default on their payments of interest and principal owed to the Fund,
and such defaults could reduce the Fund’s NAV and income dividends. An economic downturn would generally lead to a higher non-payment
rate, and a Syndicated Loan may lose significant market value before a default occurs. Moreover, any specific collateral used to secure
a Syndicated Loan may decline in value or become illiquid, which would adversely affect the Syndicated Loan’s value. Syndicated
Loans are subject to a number of risks described elsewhere in this prospectus, including liquidity risk and the risk of investing in below
investment grade fixed income instruments.
Syndicated
Loans are subject to the risk of non-payment of scheduled interest or principal. Such non-payment would result in a reduction of income
to the Fund, a reduction in the value of the investment and a potential decrease in the NAV of the Fund. There can be no assurance that
the liquidation of any collateral securing a Syndicated Loan would satisfy the Borrower’s obligation in the event of non-payment
of scheduled interest or principal payments, whether when due or upon acceleration, or that the collateral could be liquidated, readily
or otherwise. In the event of bankruptcy or insolvency of a Borrower, the Fund could experience delays or limitations with respect to
its ability to realize the benefits of the collateral, if any, securing a Syndicated Loan. The collateral securing a Syndicated Loan,
if any, may lose all or substantially all of its value in the event of the bankruptcy or insolvency of a Borrower. Some Syndicated Loans
are subject to the risk that a court, pursuant to fraudulent conveyance or other similar laws, could subordinate such Syndicated Loans
to presently existing or future indebtedness of the Borrower or take other action detrimental to the holders of Syndicated Loans including,
in certain circumstances, invalidating such Syndicated Loans or causing interest previously paid to be refunded to the Borrower.
Additionally,
a Syndicated Loan may be “primed” in bankruptcy, which reduces the ability of the holders of the Syndicated Loan to recover
on the collateral. Priming takes place when a debtor in bankruptcy is allowed to incur additional indebtedness by the bankruptcy court
and such indebtedness has a senior or pari passu lien with the debtor’s existing secured indebtedness, such as existing Syndicated
Loans or secured Corporate Bonds.
There
may be less readily available information about most Syndicated Loans and the Borrowers thereunder than is the case for many other types
of securities, including securities issued in transactions registered under the Securities Act of 1933, as amended (the “1933 Act”),
or registered under the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, as amended (the “Exchange Act”), and Borrowers subject to the periodic
reporting requirements of Section 13 of the Exchange Act. Syndicated Loans may be issued by companies that are not subject to SEC
reporting requirements and these companies, therefore, do not file reports with the SEC that must comply with SEC form requirements and
in addition are subject to a less stringent liability disclosure regime than companies subject to SEC reporting requirements. As a result,
the Advisors will rely primarily on their own evaluation of a Borrower’s credit quality rather than on any available independent
sources. Therefore, the Fund will be particularly dependent on the analytical abilities of the Advisors.
The
secondary trading market for Syndicated Loans may be less liquid than the secondary trading market for registered investment grade debt
securities. No active trading market may exist for certain Syndicated Loans, which may make it difficult to value them. Illiquidity and
adverse market conditions may mean that the Fund may not be able to sell Syndicated Loans quickly or at a fair price. To the extent that
a secondary market does exist for certain Syndicated Loans, the market for them may be subject to irregular trading activity, wide bid/ask
spreads and extended trade settlement periods.
Syndicated
Loans and other variable rate debt instruments are subject to the risk of payment defaults of scheduled interest or principal. Such payment
defaults would result in a reduction of income to the Fund, a reduction in the value of the investment and a potential decrease in the
NAV of the Fund. Similarly, a sudden and significant increase in market interest rates may increase the risk of payment defaults and cause
a decline in the value of these investments and in the Fund’s NAV. Other factors (including, but not limited to, rating downgrades,
credit deterioration, a large downward movement in share prices, a disparity in supply and demand of certain securities or market conditions
that reduce liquidity) can reduce the value of Syndicated Loans and other debt obligations, impairing the Fund’s NAV.
Syndicated
Loans are subject to legislative risk. If legislation or state or federal regulations impose additional requirements or restrictions on
the ability of financial institutions to make loans, the availability of Syndicated Loans for investment by the Fund may be adversely
affected. In addition, such requirements or restrictions could reduce or eliminate sources of financing for certain Borrowers. This would
increase the risk of default. If legislation or federal or state regulations require financial institutions to increase their capital
requirements this may cause financial institutions to dispose of Syndicated Loans that are considered highly levered transactions. Such
sales could result in prices that, in the opinions of the Advisors, do not represent fair value. If the Fund attempts to sell a Syndicated
Loan at a time when a financial institution is engaging in such a sale, the price the Fund could receive for the Syndicated Loan may be
adversely affected.
The
Fund expects to acquire Syndicated Loans through assignments and, to a lesser extent, through participations. The purchaser of an assignment
typically succeeds to all the rights and obligations of the assigning institution and becomes a lender under the credit agreement with
respect to the debt obligation; however, the purchaser’s rights can be more restricted than those of the assigning institution,
and the Fund may not be able to unilaterally enforce all rights and remedies under the loan and with regard to any associated collateral.
In general, a participation is a contractual relationship only with the institution participating out the interest, not with the Borrower.
Sellers of participations typically include banks, broker-dealers, other financial institutions and lending institutions. In purchasing
participations, the Fund generally will have no right to enforce compliance by the Borrower with the terms of the loan agreement against
the Borrower, and the Fund may not directly benefit from the collateral supporting the debt obligation in which it has purchased the participation.
As a result, (i) the Fund will be exposed to the credit risk of both the Borrower and the institution selling the participation;
and (ii) both the Borrower and the institution selling the participation will be considered issuers for purposes of the Fund’s
investment
restriction
concerning industry concentration. See “Investment Restrictions”. Further, in purchasing participations in lending syndicates,
the Fund may be more limited than it otherwise would be in its ability to conduct due diligence on the Borrower. In addition, as a holder
of the participations, the Fund may not have voting rights or inspection rights that the Fund would otherwise have if it were investing
directly in the Syndicated Loan, which may result in the Fund being exposed to greater credit or fraud risk with respect to the Borrower
or the Syndicated Loan.
Subordinated
Loans Risk. Although the Fund does not initially expect Subordinated Loans
to be a significant component of its portfolio, it may invest in such instruments from time to time. Subordinated Loans generally are
subject to similar risks as those associated with investments in Syndicated Loans, except that such loans are subordinated in payment
and/or lower in lien priority to first lien holders. In the event of default on a Subordinated Loan, the first priority lien holder has
first claim to the underlying collateral of the loan to the extent such claim is secured. Additionally, an oversecured creditor may be
entitled to additional interest and other charges in bankruptcy increasing the amount of their allowed claim. Subordinated Loans are subject
to the additional risk that the cash flow of the Borrower and property securing the loan or debt, if any, may be insufficient to meet
scheduled payments after giving effect to the senior obligations of the Borrower. This risk is generally higher for subordinated unsecured
loans or debt, which are not backed by a security interest in any specific collateral. Subordinated Loans generally have greater price
volatility than Syndicated Loans and may be less liquid.
“Covenant-Lite”
Loans Risk. Some of the loans in which the Fund may invest directly or indirectly
through its investments in collateralized debt obligations (“CDOs”), CLOs or other types of structured securities may be “covenant-lite”
loans, which means the loans contain fewer maintenance covenants than other loans (in some cases, none) and do not include terms which
allow the lender to monitor the performance of the borrower and declare a default if certain criteria are breached. An investment by the
Fund in a covenant-lite loan may potentially hinder the ability to reprice credit risk associated with the issuer and reduce the ability
to restructure a problematic loan and mitigate potential loss. The Fund may also experience delays in enforcing its rights on its holdings
of covenant-lite loans. As a result of these risks, the Fund’s exposure to losses may be increased, which could result in an adverse
impact on the Fund’s net income and net asset value.
Corporate
Bond Risk. The market value of a Corporate Bond generally may be expected to
rise and fall inversely with interest rates. The market value of intermediate- and longer-term Corporate Bonds is generally more sensitive
to changes in interest rates than is the market value of shorter-term Corporate Bonds. The market value of a Corporate Bond also may be
affected by factors directly related to the issuer, such as investors’ perceptions of the creditworthiness of the issuer, the issuer’s
financial performance, perceptions of the issuer in the market place, performance of management of the issuer, the issuer’s capital
structure and use of financial leverage and demand for the issuer’s goods and services. Certain risks associated with investments
in Corporate Bonds are described elsewhere in this Prospectus in further detail, including under “Credit Risk”, “Prepayment
Risk” and “Inflation and Deflation Risk”. There is a risk that the issuers of Corporate Bonds may not be able to meet
their obligations on interest or principal payments at the time called for by an instrument. The Fund expects to invest primarily in Corporate
Bonds that are high yield issues rated below investment grade. High yield Corporate Bonds are often high risk and have speculative characteristics.
High yield Corporate Bonds may be particularly susceptible to adverse issuer-specific developments. High yield Corporate Bonds are subject
to the risks described below under “Below Investment Grade Rating Risk.”
Asset-Backed
Securities Risk. Asset-backed securities often involve risks that are different
from or more acute than risks associated with other types of debt instruments. For instance, asset-backed securities may be particularly
sensitive to changes in prevailing interest rates. In addition, the underlying assets are subject to prepayments that shorten the securities’
weighted average maturity and may lower their return. Asset-backed securities are also subject to risks associated with their structure
and the nature of the assets underlying the security and the servicing of those assets. Payment of interest and repayment of principal
on asset-backed securities is largely dependent upon the cash flows generated by the assets backing the securities and, in certain cases,
supported by letters of credit, surety bonds or other credit enhancements. The values of asset-backed securities may be substantially
dependent on the servicing of the underlying asset pools, and are therefore subject to risks associated with the negligence by, or defalcation
of, their
servicers.
Furthermore, debtors may be entitled to the protection of a number of state and federal consumer credit laws with respect to the assets
underlying these securities, which may give the debtor the right to avoid or reduce payment. In addition, due to their often complicated
structures, various asset-backed securities may be difficult to value and may constitute illiquid investments. If many borrowers on the
underlying loans default, losses could exceed the credit enhancement level and result in losses to investors in asset-backed securities.
Below
Investment Grade Rating Risk. The Fund expects initially that its investments
in Syndicated Loans, Subordinated Loans, Corporate Bonds and other debt instruments will consist primarily of securities and loans that
are rated below investment grade or unrated and of comparable credit quality. Corporate Bonds that are rated below investment grade are
often referred to as “high yield” securities or “junk bonds.” Below investment grade Syndicated Loans, high yield
securities and other similar instruments are rated “Ba1” or lower by Moody’s, “BB+” or lower by S&P
or “BB+” or lower by Fitch or, if unrated, are judged by the Advisors to be of comparable credit quality. While generally
providing greater income and opportunity for gain, below investment grade rated Corporate Bonds and Syndicated Loans and similar debt
instruments may be subject to greater risks than securities or instruments that have higher credit ratings, including a higher risk of
default. The credit rating of a Corporate Bond and Syndicated Loan that is rated below investment grade does not necessarily address its
market value risk, and ratings may from time to time change, positively or negatively, to reflect developments regarding the issuer’s
financial condition. Below investment grade Corporate Bonds and Syndicated Loans and similar instruments often are considered to be speculative
with respect to the capacity of the Borrower to timely repay principal and pay interest or dividends in accordance with the terms of the
obligation and may have more credit risk than higher rated securities. Lower grade securities and similar debt instruments may be particularly
susceptible to economic downturns. It is likely that a prolonged or deepening economic recession could adversely affect the ability of
some Borrowers issuing such Corporate Bonds, Syndicated Loans and similar debt instruments to repay principal and pay interest on the
instrument, increase the incidence of default and severely disrupt the market value of the securities and similar debt instruments.
The
secondary market for below investment grade Corporate Bonds and Syndicated Loans and similar instruments may be less liquid than that
for higher rated instruments. Because unrated securities may not have an active trading market or may be difficult to value, the Fund
might have difficulty selling them promptly at an acceptable price. To the extent that the Fund invests in unrated securities, the Fund’s
ability to achieve its investment objectives will be more dependent on the Advisors’ credit analysis than would be the case when
the Fund invests in rated securities.
Under
normal market conditions, the Fund will invest in Syndicated Loans and Corporate Bonds, and may invest in Subordinated Loans and other
debt instruments, rated in the lower rating categories (“Caa1” or lower by Moody’s, “CCC+” or lower by S&P
or CCC+ or lower by Fitch) or unrated and of comparable quality. For these securities, the risks associated with below investment grade
instruments are more pronounced. The Fund may incur additional expenses to the extent it is required to seek recovery upon a default in
the payment of principal or interest on its portfolio holdings. In any reorganization or liquidation proceeding relating to an investment,
the Fund may lose its entire investment or may be required to accept cash or securities with a value substantially less than its original
investment.
Collateralized
Loan Obligations Risk. CLOs issue debt securities in tranches with different
payment characteristics and different credit ratings. The rated tranches of CLO Debt Securities are generally assigned credit ratings
by one or more nationally recognized statistical rating organization (“NRSRO”). Residual tranches are the most junior tranches
and do not receive ratings. Below investment grade tranches of CLO Debt Securities typically experience a lower recovery, greater risk
of loss or deferral or non-payment of interest than more senior tranches of the CLO. The riskiest portion of the capital structure of
a CLO is the subordinated (or residual) tranche, which bears the bulk of defaults from the loans in the CLO and serves to protect the
other, more senior tranches from default in all but the most severe circumstances. Since it is partially protected from defaults, a senior
tranche from a CLO typically has higher ratings and lower yields than the underlying securities, and can be rated investment grade. Despite
the protection from the subordinated tranche, CLO tranches can experience substantial losses due to actual defaults, increased sensitivity
to defaults due to collateral default and disappearance of protecting tranches, market anticipation of defaults and aversion to CLO Securities
as a class. The risks of an investment in a CLO depend largely on the collateral and the tranche of the CLO in which the Fund invests.
The
CLOs in which the Fund invests may have issued and sold debt tranches that will rank senior to the tranches in which the Fund invests.
By their terms, such more senior tranches may entitle the holders to receive payment of interest or principal on or before the dates on
which the Fund is entitled to receive payments with respect to the tranches in which the Fund invests.
Also,
in the event of insolvency, liquidation, dissolution, reorganization or bankruptcy of a CLO, holders of more senior tranches would typically
be entitled to receive payment in full before the Fund receives any distribution. After repaying such senior creditors, such CLO may not
have any remaining assets to use for repaying its obligation to the Fund. In the case of tranches ranking equally with the tranches in
which the Fund invests, the Fund would have to share on an equal basis any distributions with other creditors holding such securities
in the event of an insolvency, liquidation, dissolution, reorganization or bankruptcy of the relevant CLO. Therefore, the Fund may not
receive back the full amount of its investment in a CLO.
The
transaction documents relating to the issuance of CLO Debt Securities may impose eligibility criteria on the assets of the CLO, restrict
the ability of the CLO’s investment manager to trade investments and impose certain portfolio-wide asset quality requirements. These
criteria, restrictions and requirements may limit the ability of the CLO’s investment manager to maximize returns on the CLO Debt
Securities. In addition, other parties involved in CLOs, such as third party credit enhancers and investors in the rated tranches may
impose requirements that have an adverse effect on the returns of the various tranches of CLO Debt Securities. Furthermore, CLO Debt Securities
issuance transaction documents generally contain provisions that, in the event that certain tests are not met (generally interest coverage
and over-collateralization tests at varying levels in the capital structure), proceeds that would otherwise be distributed to holders
of a junior tranche must be diverted to pay down the senior tranches until such tests are satisfied. Failure (or increased likelihood
of failure) of a CLO to make timely payments on a particular tranche will have an adverse effect on the liquidity and market value of
such tranche.
Payments
to holders of CLO Debt Securities may be subject to deferral. If cash flows generated by the underlying assets are insufficient to make
all current and, if applicable, deferred payments on CLO Debt Securities, no other assets will be available for payment of the deficiency
and, following realization of the underlying assets, the obligations of the issuer of the related CLO Debt Securities to pay such deficiency
will be extinguished.
The
market value of CLO Debt Securities may be affected by, among other things, changes in the market value of the underlying assets held
by the CLO, changes in the distributions on the underlying assets, defaults and recoveries on the underlying assets, capital gains and
losses on the underlying assets, prepayments on underlying assets and the availability, prices and interest rate of underlying assets.
Furthermore, the leveraged nature of each subordinated class may magnify the adverse impact on such class of changes in the value of the
assets, changes in the distributions on the assets, defaults and recoveries on the assets, capital gains and losses on the assets, prepayment
on assets and availability, price and interest rates of assets. Finally, CLO Debt Securities are limited recourse and may not be paid
in full and may be subject to up to 100% loss.
Commercial
Real Estate Lending Investments Risk. The
Fund’s senior commercial real estate loans are secured by commercial property and are subject to risks of delinquency and foreclosure,
and risks of loss that may be greater than similar risks associated with loans made on the security of single-family residential property.
The ability of a borrower to repay a loan secured by an income-producing property typically is dependent primarily upon the successful
operation of such property rather than upon the existence of independent income or assets of the borrower. If the net operating income
of the property is reduced, the borrower’s ability to repay the loan may be impaired. Net operating income of an income-producing
property can be adversely affected by, among other things,
•
tenant
mix;
•
success
of tenant businesses;
•
property
management decisions;
•
property
location, condition and design;
competition
from comparable types of properties;
•
changes
in laws that increase operating expenses or limit rents that may be charged;
•
changes
in national, regional or local economic conditions and/or specific industry segments, including the credit and securitization markets;
•
declines
in regional or local real estate values;
•
declines
in regional or local rental or occupancy rates;
•
increases
in interest rates, real estate tax rates and other operating expenses;
•
costs
of remediation and liabilities associated with environmental conditions;
•
the
potential for uninsured or underinsured property losses;
•
changes
in governmental laws and regulations, including fiscal policies, zoning ordinances and environmental legislation and the related costs
of compliance; and
•
acts
of God, terrorist attacks, social unrest and civil disturbances.
In
the event of any default under a mortgage loan held directly by the Fund, the Fund will bear a risk of loss of principal to the extent
of any deficiency between the value of the collateral and the principal and accrued interest of the mortgage loan, which could have a
material adverse effect on the Fund’s cash flow from operations and limit amounts available for distribution to the Fund’s
Shareholders. In the event of the bankruptcy of a mortgage loan borrower, the mortgage loan to such borrower will be deemed to be secured
only to the extent of the value of the underlying collateral at the time of bankruptcy (as determined by the bankruptcy court), and the
lien securing the mortgage loan will be subject to the avoidance powers of the bankruptcy trustee or debtor-in-possession to the extent
the lien is unenforceable under state law. Foreclosure of a mortgage loan can be an expensive and lengthy process, which could have a
substantial negative effect on the Fund’s anticipated return on the foreclosed mortgage loan.
Duration
and Maturity Risk. The Fund has no fixed policy regarding portfolio maturity
or duration. Holding long duration and long maturity investments will expose the Fund to certain magnified risks. When interest rates
rise, certain obligations will be paid off by the issuers of debt investments more slowly than anticipated, causing the value of these
obligations to fall. Rising interest rates tend to extend the duration of securities, making them more sensitive to changes in interest
rates. The value of longer-term securities generally changes more in response to changes in interest rates than shorter-term securities.
As a result, in a period of rising interest rates, such as in recent years, securities may exhibit additional volatility and may
lose value.
When
interest rates fall, certain obligations will be paid off by the issuers of debt investments more quickly than originally anticipated,
and the Fund may have to invest the proceeds in securities with lower yields. In periods of falling interest rates, the rate of prepayments
tends to increase (as does price fluctuation) as issuers of debt instruments are motivated to pay off debt and refinance at new lower
rates. During such periods, reinvestment of the prepayment proceeds by the Advisor will generally be at lower rates of return than the
return on the assets that were prepaid. Prepayment reduces the yield to maturity and the average life of the security.
Distressed
and Defaulted Debt Risk. The Fund may invest, to a limited extent, in securities,
including loans purchased in the secondary market, that are the subject of bankruptcy proceedings or otherwise in default or at risk of
being in default as to the repayment of principal and/or interest at the time of acquisition by the Fund (“Distressed Debt”).
Investment in Distressed Debt is speculative and involves significant risks.
The
Fund may make such investments when the Advisors believe it is reasonably likely that the issuer of Distressed Debt will make an exchange
offer or will be the subject of a plan of reorganization pursuant to which the Fund will receive new securities in return for Distressed
Debt. There can be no assurance, however, that such an exchange offer will be made or that such a plan of reorganization will be adopted.
In addition, a significant period of time may pass between the time at which the Fund makes its investment in Distressed Debt and the
time that any such exchange offer or plan of reorganization is completed, if at all.
During
this period, it is unlikely that the Fund would receive any interest payments on the Distressed Debt, the Fund would be subject to significant
uncertainty whether the exchange offer or plan of reorganization will be completed and the Fund may be required to bear certain extraordinary
expenses to protect and recover its investment. Therefore, to the extent the Fund seeks capital appreciation through investment in Distressed
Debt, the Fund’s ability to achieve current income for its Shareholders may be diminished. The Fund also will be subject to significant
uncertainty as to when and in what manner and for what value the obligations evidenced by the Distressed Debt will eventually be satisfied
(e.g., through a liquidation of
the obligor’s assets, an exchange offer or plan of reorganization involving the Distressed Debt or a payment of some amount in satisfaction
of the obligation). Even if an exchange offer is made or plan of reorganization is adopted with respect to Distressed Debt held by the
Fund, there can be no assurance that the securities or other assets received by the Fund in connection with such exchange offer or plan
of reorganization will not have a lower value or income potential than may have been anticipated when the investment was made or no value.
Moreover, any securities received by the Fund upon completion of an exchange offer or plan of reorganization may be restricted as to resale.
Similarly, if the Fund participates in negotiations with respect to any exchange offer or plan of reorganization with respect to an issuer
of Distressed Debt, the Fund may be restricted from disposing of such securities. To the extent that the Fund becomes involved in such
proceedings, the Fund may have a more active participation in the affairs of the issuer than that assumed generally by an investor.
Credit
Risk. Credit risk is the risk that one or more loans or debt securities in
the Fund’s portfolio will decline in price or one or more Borrowers will fail to pay interest or principal when due because one
or more Borrowers experiences a decline in its financial condition. While a senior position in the capital structure of a Borrower may
provide some protection with respect to the Fund’s investments in Syndicated Loans, losses may still occur because the market value
of Syndicated Loans is affected by the creditworthiness of Borrowers and by general economic and specific industry conditions. To the
extent the Fund invests in below investment grade Corporate Bonds, Syndicated Loans or other investments, it will be exposed to a greater
amount of credit risk than a fund that invests in investment grade securities or loans. Typically, the prices of lower grade securities
or loans are more sensitive to negative developments, such as a decline in the Borrower’s revenues or a general economic downturn,
than are the prices of higher grade securities or loans.
Credit
Ratings Risk. Credit ratings represent only the opinion of a rating agency
with respect to the ability of a company to make principal and interest payments on its securities. In determining a credit rating, rating
agencies do not evaluate the risks of fluctuations in market value. Further, there may be limits on the effectiveness of the rating agencies’
financial models. For these and other reasons, a credit rating may not fully reflect the risks inherent in the relevant security. Further,
a rating agency may have a conflict of interest with respect to a security for which it assigns a particular rating. For example, if the
issuer or sponsor of a security pays a rating agency for the analysis of its security, a conflict of interest exists that could affect
the reliability of the rating. In addition, credit rating agencies may or may not make timely changes to a rating to reflect changes in
the economy or in the conditions of the issuer that affect the market value of the security. In other words, a security or an issuer may
maintain a certain credit rating even though conditions have deteriorated or improved since the rating was issued. Consequently, credit
ratings should not necessarily be relied upon as an indicator of investment quality. If a rating agency changes the rating assigned to
one or more of the Fund’s investments, the Fund is not required to sell the relevant securities.
Covenant
Breach Risk. A borrower may fail to satisfy financial or operating covenants
imposed by the Fund or other lenders, which could lead to defaults and, potentially, termination of its loans and foreclosure on its secured
assets, which could trigger cross-defaults under other agreements and jeopardize such company’s ability to meet its obligations
under the debt or equity securities that the Fund holds. The Fund may incur expenses to the extent necessary to seek recovery upon default
or to negotiate new terms, which may include the waiver of certain financial covenants, with a defaulting company.
Prepayment
Risk. During periods of declining interest rates, Borrowers may exercise their
option to prepay principal earlier than scheduled. For Corporate Bonds, such payments often occur during periods of declining interest
rates, which may require the Fund to reinvest in lower yielding securities, resulting in a possible decline in the Fund’s income
and dividends to Shareholders. This is known as prepayment or
“call”risk.
Below investment grade Corporate Bonds frequently have call features that allow the issuer to redeem the security at dates prior to its
stated maturity at a specified price (typically greater than the stated principal amount) only if certain prescribed conditions are met
(“Call Protection”). An issuer may redeem Corporate Bonds if, for example, the issuer can refinance the debt at a lower cost
due to declining interest rates or an improvement in the credit standing of the issuer. Fixed income securities may be purchased at prices
below or above their stated principal amount. For premium Corporate Bonds (Corporate Bonds acquired at prices that exceed their stated
principal amount), prepayment risk may be enhanced given that the Fund would lose the potential value of the yield-to-maturity of the
bonds in the event they are redeemed at the stated principal amount.
Syndicated
Loans and Subordinated Loans are subject to prepayment risk and typically do not have Call Protection. The degree to which Borrowers prepay
Syndicated Loans and Subordinated Loans, whether as a contractual requirement or at their election, may be affected by general business
conditions, the financial condition of the Borrower and competitive conditions among Syndicated Loan and Subordinated Loan investors,
among others. For these reasons, prepayments cannot be predicted with accuracy. Upon a prepayment, either in part or in full, the outstanding
debt from which the Fund derives interest income will be reduced. The Fund may not be able to reinvest the proceeds received on terms
as favorable as the prepaid loan.
Short
Sales Risk. A short sale is a transaction in which the Fund sells an instrument
that it does not own in anticipation that the market price will decline. To deliver the securities to the buyer, the Fund arranges through
a broker to borrow the securities and, in so doing, the Fund becomes obligated to replace the securities borrowed at their market price
at the time of replacement. When selling short, the Fund intends to replace the securities at a lower price and therefore profit from
the difference between the cost to replace the securities and the proceeds received from the sale of the securities. When the Fund makes
a short sale, the proceeds it receives from the sale will be held on behalf of a broker until the Fund replaces the borrowed securities.
The Fund may have to pay a premium to borrow the securities and must pay any dividends or interest payable on the securities until they
are replaced. The Fund’s obligation to replace the securities borrowed in connection with a short sale will be secured by collateral
deposited with the broker that consists of cash and/or liquid securities. Short sales involve certain risks and special considerations.
If the Fund incorrectly predicts that the price of the borrowed security will decline, the Fund will have to replace the securities with
securities with a greater value than the amount received from the sale. As a result, losses from short sales differ from losses that could
be incurred from a purchase of a security because losses from short sales may be unlimited, whereas losses from purchases can equal only
the total amount invested.
No
Control Over Portfolio Companies. The Fund does not expect to control most
of its portfolio companies, although its debt agreements with such portfolio companies may contain certain restrictive covenants. As a
result, the Fund is subject to the risk that a portfolio company in which it invests may make business decisions with which it disagrees
and the management of such company, as representatives of the holders of its common equity, may take risks or otherwise act in ways that
do not serve the Fund’s interests as a debt investor. A portfolio company may make decisions that could decrease the value of the
Fund’s portfolio holdings. The Fund may not be able to dispose of its interests in its portfolio companies as readily as it would
like or at an appropriate valuation, if it invests in non-traded companies. In addition, where the Fund is entitled to occupy a seat on
the board of a portfolio company, such involvement may prevent the Fund from freely disposing of its debt investments and may subject
the Fund to additional liability or result in re-characterization of its debt investments as equity.
Mezzanine
Investments Risk. The Fund may invest in mezzanine debt instruments, which
are expected to be unsecured and made in companies with capital structures having significant indebtedness ranking ahead of the investments,
all or a significant portion of which may be secured. While the investments may benefit from the same or similar financial and other covenants
as those applicable to the indebtedness ranking ahead of the investments and may benefit from cross-default provisions and security over
the company’s assets, some or all of such terms may not be part of particular investments and the mezzanine debt will be subordinated
in recovery to senior classes of debt in the event of a default. Mezzanine investments generally are subject to various risks, including,
without limitation: (i) a subsequent characterization of an investment as a “fraudulent conveyance”; (ii) the recovery
as a “preference” of liens
perfected
or payments made on account of a debt in the 90 days before a bankruptcy filing; (iii) equitable subordination claims by other
creditors; (iv) so-called “lender liability” claims by the issuer of the obligations; and (v) environmental liabilities
that may arise with respect to any collateral securing the obligations.
Convertible
Securities Risk. Convertible securities are bonds, debentures, notes, preferred
stocks or other securities that may be converted into or exchanged for a specified amount of common stock or other equity security of
the same or a different issuer within a particular period of time at a specified price or formula. A convertible security entitles its
holder to receive interest that is generally paid or accrued on debt or a dividend that is paid or accrued on preferred stock until the
convertible security matures or is redeemed, converted or exchanged. Convertible securities have unique investment characteristics in
that they generally: (i) have higher yields than common stocks, but lower yields than comparable non-convertible securities; (ii) are
less subject to fluctuation in value than the underlying common stock due to their fixed-income characteristics; and (iii) provide
the potential for capital appreciation if the market price of the underlying common stock increases.
The
value of a convertible security is a function of its “investment value,” or determined by its yield in comparison with the
yields of other securities of comparable maturity and quality that do not have a conversion privilege, and its “conversion value,”
or the security’s worth, at market value, if converted into the underlying common stock. The investment value of a convertible security
is influenced by changes in interest rates, with investment value declining as interest rates increase and increasing as interest rates
decline. The credit standing of the issuer and other factors also may have an effect on the convertible security’s investment value.
The conversion value of a convertible security is determined by the market price of the underlying common stock. If the conversion value
is low relative to the investment value, the price of the convertible security is governed principally by its investment value. To the
extent the market price of the underlying common stock approaches or exceeds the conversion price, the price of the convertible security
will be increasingly influenced by its conversion value. A convertible security generally will sell at a premium over its conversion value
by the extent to which investors place value on the right to acquire the underlying common stock while holding a fixed-income security.
Generally, the amount of the premium decreases as the convertible security approaches maturity. Although under normal market conditions
longer-term convertible debt securities have greater yields than do shorter-term convertible debt securities of similar quality, they
are subject to greater price fluctuations.
A
convertible security may be subject to redemption at the option of the issuer at a price established in the convertible security’s
governing instrument. If a convertible security held by the Fund is called for redemption, the Fund will be required to permit the issuer
to redeem the security, convert it into the underlying common stock or sell it to a third party. Any of these actions could have an adverse
effect on the Fund’s ability to achieve its investment objective.
Equity
Securities Risk. The value of equity securities, including common stocks, preferred
stocks and convertible stocks, will fluctuate in response to factors affecting the particular company, as well as broader market and economic
conditions. Moreover, in the event of a company’s bankruptcy, claims of certain creditors, including bondholders, will have priority
over claims of holders of common stock and are likely to have varying types of priority over holders of preferred and convertible stock.
Equity
markets may experience significant short-term volatility and may fall sharply at times. Different markets may behave differently from
each other and U.S. equity markets may move in the opposite direction from one or more foreign stock markets. Adverse events in any part
of the equity or fixed-income markets may have unexpected negative effects on other market segments. The prices of individual equity securities
generally do not all move in the same direction at the same time and a variety of factors can affect the price of a particular company’s
securities. These factors may include, but are not limited to, poor earnings reports, a loss of customers, litigation against the company,
general unfavorable performance of the company’s sector or industry, or changes in government regulations affecting the company
or its industry.
Risks
Associated with Investments in Equity Securities Incidental to Investments in Syndicated Loans.
Investments in equity securities incidental to investments in Syndicated Loans or other debt instruments entail certain risks in addition
to those associated with investments in Syndicated Loans or other debt
instruments.
Because equity is merely the residual value of a Borrower after all claims and other interests, it is inherently more risky than Syndicated
Loans or other debt instruments of the same Borrower. The value of the equity securities may be affected more rapidly, and to a greater
extent, by company- and industry-specific developments and general market conditions. These risks may increase fluctuations in the NAV
of the common shares. The Fund frequently may possess material non-public information about a Borrower as a result of its ownership of
a Syndicated Loan or other debt instruments of a Borrower. Because of prohibitions on trading in securities while in possession of material
non-public information, the Fund might be unable to enter into a transaction in a security of the Borrower when it would otherwise be
advantageous to do so.
Dividends. The
Fund may invest in equity securities from time to time. Dividends relating to these equity securities may not be fixed, but may be declared
at the discretion of a portfolio company’s board of directors. There is no guarantee that a company in which the Fund invests will
declare dividends in the future or that, if declared, the dividends will remain at current levels or increase over time.
Derivatives
Risk.
The
Fund’s use of derivative instruments involves investment risks and transaction costs to which the Fund would not be subject absent
the use of these instruments and, accordingly, may result in losses greater than if they had not been used. The use of derivative instruments
may have risks including, among others, leverage risk, market risk, volatility risk, duration mismatch risk, correlation risk, counterparty
risk, market liquidity risk, fund liquidity risk and legal and operational risk.
Swap
Agreements Risk. The
Fund may enter into swap agreements, including interest rate and index swap agreements, for hedging purposes, as a form of leverage or
to seek to obtain a particular desired return at a lower cost to the Fund than if the Fund had invested directly in an instrument yielding
the desired return. Swap agreements are often two party contracts entered into primarily by institutional investors for periods ranging
from a few weeks to more than one year. In a typical “swap” transaction, two parties agree to exchange the returns (or differentials
in rates of return) earned or realized on particular predetermined investments or instruments. Some swaps may be subject to central clearing
and exchange trading. Whether the Fund’s use of swap agreements will be successful in furthering its investment objective will depend
on the Advisors’ ability to correctly predict whether certain types of investments are likely to produce greater returns than other
investments. Because they are two party contracts and because they may have terms of greater than seven days, some swap agreements may
be considered by the Fund to be illiquid. Moreover, the Fund bears the risk of loss of the amount expected to be received under a swap
agreement in the event of the default or bankruptcy of a bi-lateral swap agreement counterparty. The Fund may seek to reduce this risk
to some extent by entering into a transaction only if the counterparty meets the Advisors’ current credit standards for OTC option
counterparties. In the case of a cleared swap, the Fund bears the risk that the clearinghouse may default. Swap agreements also bear the
risk that the Fund will not be able to meet its payment obligations to the counterparty. Restrictions imposed by the tax rules applicable
to RICs may limit the Fund’s ability to use swap agreements. It is possible that developments in the swap market, including further
government regulation, could adversely affect the Fund’s ability to enter into or terminate swap agreements or to realize amounts
to be received under these agreements. Swap transactions may involve substantial leverage.
The
Fund may enter into credit default swap agreements and similar agreements, and may also buy credit-linked securities. Credit default swaps
are often structured with significant leverage and may be considered speculative. The credit default swap agreement or similar instrument
may have as reference obligations one or more securities that are not currently held by the Fund. The protection “buyer” in
a credit default contract may be obligated to pay the protection “seller” an upfront payment or a periodic stream of payments
over the term of the contract provided generally that no credit event on a reference obligation has occurred. If a credit event occurs,
the seller generally must pay the buyer the “par value” (full notional value) of the swap in exchange for an equal
face amount of deliverable obligations of the reference entity described in the swap, or the seller may be required to deliver the related
net cash amount, if the swap is cash settled. The Fund may be either the buyer or seller in the transaction. If the Fund is a buyer and
no credit event occurs, the Fund recovers nothing if the swap is held through its termination date. However, if a credit event occurs,
the Fund may elect to receive the full notional value of the swap in exchange for an
equal
face amount of deliverable obligations of the reference entity that may have little or no value. As a seller, the Fund generally receives
an upfront payment or a fixed rate of income throughout the term of the swap, which typically is between six months and three years,
provided that there is no credit event. If a credit event occurs, generally the seller must pay the buyer the full notional value of the
swap in exchange for an equal face amount of deliverable obligations of the reference entity that may have little or no value.
Swaptions
Risk. The Fund, to the extent permitted under applicable law, may enter into
“swaptions”, which are options on swap agreements on either an asset-based or liability-based basis. A swaption is a contract
that gives a counterparty the right (but not the obligation) to enter into a new swap agreement or to shorten, extend, cancel or otherwise
modify an existing swap agreement, at some designated future time on specified terms. The Fund may write (sell) and purchase put and call
swaptions. Depending on the terms of the particular option agreement, the Fund generally will incur a greater degree of risk when it writes
a swaption than it will incur when it purchases a swaption. When the Fund purchases a swaption, it risks losing only the amount of the
premium it has paid should it decide to let the option expire unexercised. When the Fund writes a swaption, upon exercise of the option,
the Fund will become obligated according to the terms of the underlying agreement.
Credit-Linked
Securities Risk. Among the income producing securities in which the Fund may
invest are credit-linked securities, which generally are issued by a limited purpose trust or other vehicle that, in turn, invests in
a Derivative instrument or basket of Derivative instruments, such as credit default swaps, interest rate swaps and other securities, in
order to provide exposure to certain fixed income markets. For instance, the Fund may invest in credit-linked securities as a cash management
tool in order to gain exposure to a certain market and/or to remain fully invested when more traditional income producing securities are
not available.
Like
an investment in a bond, investments in credit-linked securities generally represent the right to receive periodic income payments (in
the form of dividends) and payment of principal at the end of the term of the security. However, these payments are conditioned on the
issuer’s receipt of payments from, and the issuer’s potential obligations to, the counterparties to the Derivative instruments
and other securities in which the issuer invests. For instance, the issuer may sell one or more credit default swaps, under which the
issuer would receive a stream of payments over the term of the swap agreements provided that no event of default has occurred with respect
to the referenced debt obligation upon which the swap is based. If a default occurs, the stream of payments may stop and the issuer would
be obligated to pay the counterparty the par (or other agreed upon value) of the referenced debt obligation. This, in turn, would reduce
the amount of income and principal that the Fund would receive as an investor in the issuer. The Fund’s investments in these instruments
are indirectly subject to the risks associated with Derivatives, including, among others, credit risk and leverage risk. There may be
no established trading market for these securities and they may constitute illiquid investments.
Structured
Products Risk.
General. The
Fund may invest in structured products, including, without limitation, investment grade rated CLO Debt Securities and structured notes.
Holders of structured products bear risks of the underlying investments, index or reference obligation and are subject to counterparty
risk.
The
Fund may have the right to receive payments only from the structured product, and generally does not have direct rights against the issuer
or the entity that sold the assets to be securitized. While certain structured products enable the investor to acquire interests in a
pool of securities without the brokerage and other expenses associated with directly holding the same assets, investors in structured
products generally pay their share of the structured product’s administrative and other expenses. Although it is difficult to predict
whether the prices of indices and securities underlying structured products will rise or fall, these prices (and, therefore, the prices
of structured products) will be influenced by the same types of political and economic events that affect issuers of securities and capital
markets generally. If the issuer of a structured product uses shorter-term financing to purchase longer term securities, the issuer may
be forced to sell its securities at below market prices if it experiences difficulty in obtaining short-term financing, which may adversely
affect the value of the structured products owned by the Fund.
Investments
in structured products involve risks, including credit risk and market risk. Certain structured products may be thinly traded or have
a limited trading market. Where the Fund’s investments in
structured
products are based upon the movement of one or more factors, including currency exchange rates, interest rates, reference bonds and share
indices, depending on the factor used and the use of multipliers or deflators, changes in interest rates and movement of the factor may
cause significant price fluctuations. Additionally, changes in the reference instrument or security may cause the interest rate on the
structured product to be reduced to zero, and any further changes in the reference instrument may then reduce the principal amount payable
on maturity. Structured products may be less liquid than other types of securities and more volatile than the reference instrument or
security underlying the product.
The
Fund may invest in structured products collateralized by below investment grade or distressed loans or securities. Investments in such
structured products are subject to the risks associated with below investment grade securities. Such securities are characterized by high
risk. It is likely that an economic recession could severely disrupt the market for such securities and may have an adverse impact on
the value of such securities.
Collateralized
Debt Obligations. Cash flows in a CDO are split into two or more tranches,
with differing payment characteristics, credit ratings, risks, and yield. The rated tranches of CDO debt securities are generally assigned
credit ratings by one or more NRSROs. Residual tranches are the most junior and are not rated. The Fund will not invest in residual tranches
and will invest only in rated tranches of CDO debt securities. CDO debt securities are limited recourse and may not be paid in full and
may be subject to up to a 100% loss. The riskiest portion is the “equity” tranche, which bears the first loss from defaults
from the underlying pool of bonds and serves to protect the other, more senior tranches from default (though such protection is not complete).
Since it is partially protected from defaults, a senior tranche from a CDO typically has higher ratings and lower yields than its underlying
securities, and may be rated investment grade. Despite the protection from the equity tranche, CDO tranches can experience substantial
losses due to actual defaults, downgrades of the underlying collateral by rating agencies, forced liquidation of the collateral pool due
to a failure of coverage tests, increased sensitivity to defaults due to collateral default and disappearance of protecting tranches,
market anticipation of defaults as well as investor aversion to CDO securities as a class. CDOs carry additional risks including, but
not limited to: (i) the possibility that distributions from collateral securities may not be adequate to make interest or other payments;
(ii) the risk that the collateral may default or decline in value or be downgraded, if rated by an NRSRO; (iii) the Fund is
likely to invest in tranches of CDOs that are subordinate to other tranches; (iv) the structure and complexity of the transaction
and the legal documents could lead to disputes among investors regarding the characterization of proceeds; (v) the investment return
achieved by the Fund could be significantly different than those predicted by financial models; (vi) the lack of a readily available
secondary market for CDOs; (vii) the risk of forced “fire sale” liquidations due to technical defaults such as coverage
test failures; and (viii) the CDO’s manager may perform poorly.
Risk
of Leveraged Loan Market Price Decline. Prior to the onset of the financial
crisis, CLOs holding corporate loans, hedge funds and other highly leveraged investment vehicles comprised a substantial portion of the
market for purchasing and holding first and second lien secured loans. As the secondary market pricing of the loans underlying these portfolios
deteriorated during the fourth quarter of 2008, it is the Fund’s understanding that many investors, as a result of their generally
high degrees of leverage, were forced to raise cash by selling their interests in performing loans to satisfy margin requirements or the
equivalent of margin requirements imposed by their lenders. This resulted in a forced deleveraging cycle of price declines, compulsory
sales and further price declines, with widespread redemption requests and other constraints resulting from the credit crisis generating
further selling pressure.
Conditions
in the leveraged loan market may experience similar disruption or deterioration, which may cause pricing levels to similarly decline or
be volatile. As a result, the Fund may suffer unrealized depreciation and could incur realized losses in connection with the sale of the
Fund’s syndicated loans, which could have a material adverse impact on the Fund’s business, financial condition and results
of operations.
When-Issued
Securities and Forward Commitments. Securities may be purchased on a “forward
commitment” or “when-issued” basis, meaning securities are purchased or sold with payment and delivery taking place
in the future, to secure what is considered to be an advantageous price and yield at the time of entering into the transaction. However,
the return on a comparable security when the transaction is
consummated
may vary from the return on the security at the time that the forward commitment or when-issued transaction was made. From the time of
entering into the transaction until delivery and payment is made at a later date, the securities that are the subject of the transaction
are subject to market fluctuations. In forward commitment or when-issued transactions, if the seller or buyer, as the case may be, fails
to consummate the transaction, the counterparty may miss the opportunity of obtaining a price or yield considered to be advantageous.
Forward commitment or when-issued transactions may occur a month or more before delivery is due. However, no payment or delivery is made
until payment is received or delivery is made from the other party to the transaction.
Repurchase
Agreements and Reverse Repurchase Agreements Risk. Repurchase agreements carry
certain risks not associated with direct investments in securities, including a possible decline in the market value of the underlying
obligations. If their value becomes less than the repurchase price, plus any agreed-upon additional amount, the counterparty must provide
additional collateral so that at all times the collateral is at least equal to the repurchase price plus any agreed-upon additional amount.
The difference between the total amount to be received upon repurchase of the obligations and the price that was paid by the Fund upon
acquisition is accrued as interest and included in its net investment income.
Repurchase
agreements involving obligations other than U.S. Government securities (such as commercial paper and Corporate Bonds) may be subject to
special risks and may not have the benefit of certain protections in the event of the counterparty’s insolvency. In the event of
the bankruptcy or other default of a seller of a repurchase agreement, the Fund could experience both delays in liquidating the underlying
securities and losses, including (i) possible decline in the value of the underlying security during the period in which the Fund
seeks to enforce its rights thereto; (ii) possible lack of access to income on the underlying security during this period; and (iii) expenses
of enforcing its rights.
Reverse
repurchase agreements involve the risk that the buyer of the securities sold by the Fund might be unable to deliver them when the Fund
seeks to repurchase. In the event that the buyer of securities under a reverse repurchase agreement files for bankruptcy or becomes insolvent,
the buyer, trustee or receiver may receive an extension of time to determine whether to enforce the Fund’s obligation to repurchase
the securities, and the Fund’s use of the proceeds of the reverse repurchase agreement may effectively be restricted pending such
decision.
U.S.
Government Debt Securities Risk. U.S. Government debt securities historically
have not involved the credit risks associated with investments in other types of debt securities, although, as a result, the yields available
from U.S. Government debt securities are generally lower than the yields available from other securities. Like other debt securities,
however, the values of U.S. Government securities change as interest rates fluctuate and in 2011 the credit rating of the United States
was downgraded. Fluctuations in the value of portfolio securities will not affect interest income on existing portfolio securities but
will be reflected in the Fund’s NAV. Because the magnitude of these fluctuations will generally be greater at times when the Fund’s
average maturity is longer, under certain market conditions, the Fund may, for temporary defensive purposes, accept lower current income
from short-term investments rather than investing in higher yielding long-term securities.
Counterparty
Risk. The Fund’s investments may be exposed to the credit risk of the
counterparties with which, or the dealers, brokers and exchanges through which, the Fund deals, whether in exchange-traded or OTC transactions.
The Fund may be subject to the risk of loss of Fund assets on deposit or being settled or cleared with a broker in the event of the broker’s
bankruptcy, the bankruptcy of any clearing broker through which the broker executes and clears transactions on behalf of the Fund, the
bankruptcy of an exchange clearing house or the bankruptcy of any other counterparty. In the case of any such bankruptcy, it is expected
that all securities and other assets deposited with such broker or dealer will be clearly identified as being assets of the Fund and the
Fund should not be exposed to a credit risk with regard to such parties. However, it may not always be possible to achieve this and the
Fund might recover, even in respect of property specifically traceable to the Fund, only a pro rata
share of all property available for distribution to all of the counterparty’s customers and counterparties. Such an amount may be
less than the amounts owed to the Fund. Such events would have an adverse effect on the Fund’s NAV.
Liquidity
Risk. The Fund generally considers “illiquid securities” to be
securities or loans that cannot be sold within seven days in the ordinary course of business at approximately the value used by the Fund
in determining its NAV. The Fund may not be able to readily dispose of such securities or loans at prices that
approximate
those at which the Fund could sell the securities or loans if they were more widely traded and, as a result of that illiquidity, the Fund
may have to sell other investments or engage in borrowing transactions if necessary to raise cash to meet its obligations. Limited liquidity
can also affect the market price of securities, thereby adversely affecting the Fund’s NAV and ability to make dividend distributions.
Some
Syndicated Loans are not readily marketable and may be subject to restrictions on resale. Syndicated Loans generally are not listed on
any national securities exchange and no active trading market may exist for the Syndicated Loans in which the Fund may invest. When a
secondary market exists, if at all, the market for some Syndicated Loans may be subject to irregular trading activity, wide bid/ask spreads
and extended trade settlement periods. The Fund has no limitation on the amount of its assets that may be invested in securities that
are not readily marketable or are subject to restrictions on resale.
Valuation
Risk. Where possible, the Advisor utilizes independent pricing services to
value certain portfolio instruments at their market value. If the pricing services are unable to provide a market value or if a significant
event occurs such that the valuation(s) provided are deemed unreliable, the Advisor may value portfolio instrument(s) at their fair value,
which is generally the amount an owner might reasonably expect to receive upon a current sale. Valuation risks associated with investing
in Syndicated Loans including, but not limited to: a limited number of market participants compared to publicly traded investment grade
securities, a lack of publicly available information about some borrowers, resale restrictions, settlement delays, corporate actions and
adverse market conditions may make it difficult to value or sell such instruments.
A
large percentage of the Fund’s portfolio investments are not publicly traded. The fair value of investments that are not publicly
traded may not be readily determinable. The Advisor values these investments at fair value as determined in good faith. The types of factors
that may be considered in valuing the Fund’s investments include the enterprise value of the portfolio company (the entire value
of the portfolio company to a market participant, including the sum of the values of debt and equity securities used to capitalize the
enterprise at a point in time), the nature and realizable value of any collateral, the portfolio company’s ability to make payments
and its earnings and discounted cash flows, the markets in which the portfolio company does business, a comparison of the portfolio company’s
securities to similar publicly traded securities, changes in the interest rate environment and the credit markets generally that may affect
the price at which similar investments would trade in their principal markets and other relevant factors. When an external event such
as a purchase transaction, public offering or subsequent equity sale occurs, the Advisor considers the pricing indicated by the external
event to corroborate the Advisor’s valuation. Because such valuations, and particularly valuations of private investments and private
companies, are inherently uncertain, may fluctuate over short periods of time and may be based on estimates, the Advisor’s determinations
of fair value may differ materially from the values that would have been used if a ready market for these investments existed and may
differ materially from the values that the Fund may ultimately realize. The Fund’s NAV per share could be adversely affected if
the Advisor’s determinations regarding the fair value of these investments are higher than the values that the Fund realizes upon
disposition of such investments.
Leverage
Risk. The Fund intends to utilize leverage and may utilize leverage to the
maximum extent permitted by law for investment and other general corporate purposes. The Fund may obtain leverage by issuing preferred
shares and/or notes and it may also borrow funds from banks and other financial institutions. The Fund may also gain leverage synthetically
through swaps and other Derivatives. The use of leverage to purchase additional securities creates an opportunity for increased Share
dividends, but also creates risks for the Fund’s Shareholders, including increased variability of the Fund’s net income, distributions,
NAV of its Shares in relation to market changes. Leverage is a speculative technique that exposes the Fund to greater risk and increased
costs than if it were not implemented. Increases and decreases in the value of the Fund’s portfolio will be magnified if the Fund
uses leverage. In particular, leverage may magnify interest rate risk, which is the risk that the prices of portfolio securities will
fall (or rise) if market interest rates for those types of securities rise (or fall). As a result, leverage may cause greater changes
in the Fund’s NAV, which will be borne entirely by the Fund’s Shareholders, and in the price at which its Shares trade in
the secondary market. To the extent that the Fund makes investments in Syndicated Loans or other debt instruments structured with floors
based on LIBOR, SOFR, or another reference rate, the Fund will not realize additional income if rates increase during periods when LIBOR,
SOFR,
or another reference rate remains below the applicable floor but the Fund’s cost of financing is expected to increase, resulting
in the potential for a decrease in the level of income available for dividends or distributions made by the Fund. If the Fund issues preferred
shares, such as the MRP Shares, and/or notes or engages in other borrowings, it will have to pay dividends on its preferred shares or
interest on its notes or borrowings, which will increase expenses and may reduce the Fund’s return. These dividend payments or interest
expenses (which will be borne entirely by Shareholders) may be greater than the Fund’s return on the underlying investments. The
Fund’s leveraging strategy, if utilized, may not be successful.
The
Fund may issue preferred shares and/or notes or other forms of indebtedness as a form of leverage. These means of obtaining leverage would
be senior to the Fund’s Shares, such that holders of preferred shares and/or notes or other Fund indebtedness would have priority
over the Shareholders in the distribution of the Fund’s assets, including dividends, distributions of principal and liquidating
distributions. If preferred shares are issued and outstanding, holders of preferred shares would vote together with the holders of Shares
on all matters, including the election of trustees. Additionally, holders of preferred shares would have the right separately to elect
two trustees of the Fund, voting separately as a class, and would vote separately as a class on certain matters which may at times give
holders of preferred shares disproportionate influence over the Fund’s affairs. If the preferred shares were limited in their term,
redemptions of such preferred shares would require the Fund to liquidate its investments and would reduce the Fund’s use of leverage,
which could negatively impact Shareholders. Because the Fund has issued Preferred Shares and has issued other forms of indebtedness, its
ability to make distributions to its Shareholders is limited by the asset coverage requirements and other limitations imposed by the 1940
Act and the terms of the Fund’s indebtedness.
As
a closed-end management investment company, the Fund is permitted, under specified conditions, to issue senior securities that are stock
if the Fund’s asset coverage, as defined in the 1940 Act, is at least equal to 200% immediately after issuance. As defined in the
1940 Act, asset coverage of 200% means that for every $100 of net assets the Fund holds, the Fund may raise $100 from issuing senior securities.
Under the 1940 Act, the preferred stock the Fund issues, including the MRP Shares, will constitute a “senior security” for
purposes of the 200% asset coverage test. In addition, while any senior securities remain outstanding, the Fund will be required to make
provisions to prohibit any dividend distribution to the Fund’s shareholders or the repurchase of such securities or shares unless
the Fund meets the applicable asset coverage ratios at the time of the distribution or repurchase after giving effect to the distribution
or repurchase. The Fund is also permitted to borrow amounts up to 5% of the value of the Fund’s total assets for temporary purposes
without regard to asset coverage, which borrowings would not be considered senior securities, provided that any such borrowings in excess
of 5% of the value of the Fund’s total assets would be subject to the asset coverage ratio requirements of the 1940 Act, even if
for temporary purposes.
Under
the 1940 Act, the Fund is permitted to incur greater effective leverage through the use of preferred stock than through the use of debt.
As a result of the Fund’s issuance of the MRP Shares, the risk of the Fund incurring additional losses from its use of leverage
is further heightened. The Fund may also choose to add leverage through the issuance of additional Preferred Shares.
The
Fund will pay (and Shareholders will bear) all costs and expenses relating to the issuance and ongoing maintenance of any preferred shares
and/or notes or other forms of indebtedness issued by the Fund, including higher advisory fees. As a result, the Fund cannot assure you
that the issuance of preferred shares and/or notes or other forms of indebtedness will provide a higher yield or return to the holders
of the Fund’s Shares. If the Fund offers and/or issues preferred shares and/or notes or other forms of indebtedness, the costs of
the offering will be borne immediately by the Fund’s Shareholders and result in a reduction of the NAV of the Fund’s Shares.
The
Fund anticipates that any money borrowed from a bank or other financial institution for investment purposes will accrue interest based
on shorter-term interest rates that would be periodically reset. So long as the Fund’s portfolio provides a higher rate of return,
net of expenses, than the interest rate on borrowed money, as reset periodically, the leverage may cause Shareholders to receive a higher
current rate of return than if the Fund were not leveraged. If, however, long-term and/or short-term rates rise, the interest rate on
borrowed money could exceed the rate of return on securities held by the Fund, reducing returns to Shareholders. Developments in the credit
markets may adversely affect the ability of the Fund to borrow for investment purposes and may increase the costs of such borrowings,
which would reduce returns to Shareholders.
There
is no assurance that a leveraging strategy will be successful. Leverage involves risks and special considerations for Shareholders, including:
•
the
likelihood of greater volatility of NAV and dividend rate of Shares than a comparable portfolio without leverage;
•
the
risk that fluctuations in interest rates on borrowings or in dividend payments on, principal proceeds distributed to, or redemption of
any preferred shares and/or notes or other forms of indebtedness that the Fund has issued will reduce the return to the Shareholders;
•
the
effect of leverage in a declining market, which is likely to cause a greater decline in the NAV of the Fund’s Shares than if the
Fund were not leveraged;
•
when
the Fund uses financial leverage, the investment advisory fees payable to the Advisors will be higher than if the Fund did not use leverage,
and may provide a financial incentive to the Advisors to increase the Fund’s use of leverage and create an inherent conflict of
interest; and
•
leverage
may increase expenses (which will be borne entirely by Shareholders), which may reduce total return.
If
the Fund issues preferred shares and/or notes or other forms of indebtedness, the Fund may be subject to certain restrictions on investments
imposed by the guidelines of one or more rating agencies, which may issue ratings for the preferred shares and/or notes or short-term
debt securities issued by the Fund, or may be subject to covenants or other restrictions imposed by its lenders. These guidelines may
impose asset coverage or portfolio composition requirements that are more stringent than those imposed by the 1940 Act. Certain types
of borrowings by the Fund may result in the Fund being subject to covenants relating to asset coverage and portfolio composition requirements.
These covenants and restrictions may negatively affect the Fund’s ability to achieve its investment objective. The Fund is subject
to certain requirements described above in connection with its issuance of the MRP Shares.
Effects
of Leverage. The table below assumes that the Fund’s continued use of
Preferred Shares represents approximately 11.48% of the Fund’s Managed Assets, borrowings represent approximately 18.87% of the
Fund’s Managed Assets as of March 31, 2023 and the Fund bears expenses relating to such Preferred Shares and borrowings at
annual effective stated interest rates of 2.98% and 6.16%,
respectively (based on dividend rates for such Preferred Shares and interest rates for such borrowings as of a recent date). The table
below also assumes that the annual return that the Fund’s portfolio must experience (net of expenses not related to Preferred Shares
or borrowings) in order to cover the costs of such leverage would be approximately 1.42%. These figures are estimates based on current
market conditions, used for illustration purposes only. Actual expenses associated with Preferred Shares and borrowings used by the Fund
may vary frequently and may be significantly higher or lower than the rate used for the example above.
The
following table is designed to illustrate the effects of the Fund’s leverage due to senior securities on corresponding Share total
return, assuming investment portfolio total returns (consisting of income and changes in the value of investments held in the Fund’s
portfolio) of -10%, -5%, 0%, 5% and 10%.
These assumed investment portfolio returns are hypothetical figures and are not necessarily indicative of the investment portfolio returns
expected to be experienced by the Fund. Your actual returns may be greater or less than those appearing below.
|
Assumed
Return on Portfolio |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
(Net
of Expenses not related to Preferred Shares or borrowings) |
|
|
|
|
(10.00)% |
|
|
|
|
|
(5.00)% |
|
|
|
|
|
0.00% |
|
|
|
|
|
5.00% |
|
|
|
|
|
10.00% |
|
|
|
Corresponding
Share Total Return |
|
|
|
|
(17.24)% |
|
|
|
|
|
(9.69)% |
|
|
|
|
|
(2.14)% |
|
|
|
|
|
5.40% |
|
|
|
|
|
12.95% |
|
|
Corresponding
Share total return is composed of two elements — the Share dividends paid by the Fund (the amount of which is largely
determined by the net investment income of the Fund after paying dividends on Preferred Shares and interest expenses on the Fund’s
borrowings) and gains or losses on the value of the securities the Fund owns.
Warrants
Risk. Warrants give holders the right, but not the obligation, to buy common
stock of an issuer at a given price, usually higher than the market price at the time of issuance, during a specified period. The risk
of investing in a warrant is that the warrant may expire prior to the market value of the common stock exceeding the price fixed by the
warrant. Warrants have a subordinate claim on a borrower’s assets compared with Syndicated Loans. As a result, the values of warrants
generally are dependent on the financial condition of the borrower and less dependent on fluctuations in interest rates than are the values
of many debt securities. The values of warrants may be more volatile than those of Syndicated Loans or Corporate Bonds and this may increase
the volatility of the NAV of the common shares.
Contingent
Liabilities. From
time to time the Fund may incur contingent liabilities in connection with an investment. For example, the Fund may purchase a revolving
credit facility from a lender that has not yet been fully drawn. If the borrower subsequently draws down on the facility, the Fund would
be obligated to fund the amounts due. The Fund may also enter into agreements pursuant to which it agrees to assume responsibility for
default risk presented by a third party, and may, on the other hand, enter into agreements through which third parties offer default protection
to the Fund.
Cost
of Capital and Net Investment Income Risk. If the Fund uses debt to finance
investments, its net investment income may depend, in part, upon the difference between the rate at which it borrows funds and the rate
at which it invests those funds. As a result, the Fund can offer no assurance that a significant change in market interest rates will
not have a material adverse effect on the Fund’s net investment income. In periods of rising interest rates when it has debt outstanding,
the Fund’s cost of funds will increase, which could reduce the Fund’s net investment income. The Fund may use interest rate
risk management techniques in an effort to limit its exposure to interest rate fluctuations. These techniques may include various interest
rate hedging activities to the extent permitted by the 1940 Act. These activities may limit its ability to participate in the benefits
of lower interest rates with respect to the hedged portfolio. Adverse developments resulting from changes in interest rates or hedging
transactions could have a material adverse effect on the Fund’s business, financial condition and results of operations.
A
rise in the general level of interest rates can be expected to lead to higher interest rates applicable to the Fund’s debt investments,
particularly to the extent that it holds floating rate debt securities. Accordingly, an increase in interest rates would make it easier
for the Fund to meet or exceed the Incentive Fee hurdle rate and may result in a substantial increase to the amount of Incentive Fees
payable to the Advisors with respect to pre-incentive fee net investment income. See “Management and Incentive Fees.”
Distressed
Investments, Litigation, Bankruptcy and Other Proceedings Risk. Investments
in distressed securities involve a material risk of involving the Fund in a related litigation. Such litigation can be time consuming
and expensive, and can frequently lead to unpredicted delays or losses. Litigation expenses, including payments pursuant to settlements
or judgments, generally will be borne by the Fund.
There
are a number of significant risks when investing in companies involved in bankruptcy or other reorganization proceedings, and many events
in a bankruptcy are the product of contested matters and adversary proceedings which are beyond the control of the creditors. A bankruptcy
filing may have adverse and permanent effects on a company. Further, if the proceeding is converted to a liquidation, the liquidation
value of the company may not equal the liquidation value that was believed to exist at the time of the investment. In addition, the duration
of a bankruptcy or other reorganization proceeding is difficult to predict. A creditor’s return on investment can be impacted adversely
by delays while a plan of reorganization is being negotiated, approved by the creditors and, if applicable, confirmed by the bankruptcy
court, and until it ultimately becomes effective. In bankruptcy, certain claims, such as claims for taxes, wages and certain trade claims,
may have priority by law over the claims of certain creditors and administrative costs in connection with a bankruptcy proceeding are
frequently high and will be paid out of the debtor’s estate prior to any return to creditors.
Certain
fixed-income securities invested in by the Fund could be subject to U.S. federal, state or non-U.S. bankruptcy laws or fraudulent transfer
or conveyance laws, if such securities were issued with the intent of hindering, delaying or defrauding creditors or, in certain circumstances,
if the issuer receives less than reasonably equivalent value or fair consideration in return for issuing such securities. If a court were
to find that the issuance of the securities was a fraudulent transfer or conveyance, the court could void the payment obligations under
the securities, further subordinate the securities to other existing and future
indebtedness
of the issuer or require the Fund to repay any amounts received by it with respect to the securities. In the event of a finding that a
fraudulent transfer or conveyance occurred, the Fund may not receive any payment on the securities. If the Fund or the Advisors is found
to have interfered with the affairs of a company in which the Fund holds a debt investment, to the detriment of other creditors or common
shareholders of such company, the Fund may be held liable for damages to injured parties or a bankruptcy court. While the Fund will attempt
to avoid taking the types of action that would lead to such liability, there can be no assurance that such claims will not be asserted
or that the Fund will be able to successfully defend against them. Moreover, such debt may be disallowed or subordinated to the claims
of other creditors or treated as equity.
Insofar
as the Fund’s portfolio includes obligations of non-United States obligors, the laws of certain foreign jurisdictions may provide
for avoidance remedies under factual circumstances similar to those described above or under different circumstances, with consequences
that may or may not be analogous to those described above under U.S. federal or state laws. Changes in bankruptcy laws (including U.S.
federal and state laws and applicable non-United States laws) may adversely impact the Fund’s securities.
Lender
Liability Risk. A number of U.S. judicial decisions have upheld judgments of
borrowers against lending institutions on the basis of various evolving legal theories, collectively termed “lender liability”.
Generally, lender liability is founded on the premise that a lender has violated a duty (whether implied or contractual) of good faith,
commercial reasonableness and fair dealing, or a similar duty owed to the Borrower or has assumed an excessive degree of control over
the Borrower resulting in the creation of a fiduciary duty owed to the Borrower or its other creditors or shareholders. Because of the
nature of its investments, the Fund may be subject to allegations of lender liability.
In
addition, under common law principles that in some cases form the basis for lender liability claims, if a lender or bondholder (i) intentionally
takes an action that results in the undercapitalization of a Borrower to the detriment of other creditors of such Borrower; (ii) engages
in inequitable conduct to the detriment of the other creditors; (iii) engages in fraud with respect to, or makes misrepresentations
to, the other creditors; or (iv) uses its influence as a shareholder to dominate or control a Borrower to the detriment of other
creditors of the Borrower, a court may elect to subordinate the claim of the offending lender or bondholder to the claims of the disadvantaged
creditor or creditors, a remedy called “equitable subordination”.
Because
affiliates of, or persons related to, the Advisors may hold equity or other interests in obligors of the Fund, the Fund could be exposed
to claims for equitable subordination or lender liability or both based on such equity or other holdings.
Sourcing
of Suitable Assets Risk. No assurance can be given the Advisors will be able
to find enough appropriate investments that meet the Fund’s investment criteria.
Reinvestment
Risk. The Fund may reinvest the cash flows received from a security. There
is a risk that the interest rate at which interim cash flows can be reinvested will fall. Reinvestment risk is greater for longer holding
periods and for securities with large, early cash flows such as high-coupon bonds. Reinvestment risk also applies generally to the reinvestment
of the proceeds the Fund receives upon the maturity or sale of an investment in a portfolio company.
Small-Cap
and Mid-Cap Risk. The Fund may invest from time to time in smaller and midsize
companies and the securities of such portfolio companies tend to be more volatile and less liquid than those of larger companies. The
markets for these securities are also less liquid than those for larger companies. This can adversely affect the prices at which the Fund
can purchase and sell these securities, and thus the value of the Shares.
Privately
Held Middle-Market Company Risk. The Fund’s direct lending investments
primarily represent investments in privately held U.S. middle market companies. Investments in privately held middle-market companies
involve a number of significant risks, including the following:
•
these
companies may have limited financial resources and may be unable to meet their obligations, which may be accompanied by a deterioration
in the value of any collateral and a reduction in the likelihood of the Fund realizing any guarantees it may have obtained in connection
with its investment;
they
typically have shorter operating histories, narrower product lines and smaller market shares than larger businesses, which tend to render
them more vulnerable to competitors’ actions and market conditions, as well as general economic downturns;
•
they
typically depend on the management talents and efforts of a small group of persons; therefore, the death, disability, resignation or termination
of one or more of these persons could have a material adverse effect on the Fund’s portfolio company and, in turn, on us;
•
there
is generally little public information about these companies. These companies and their financial information are not subject to the Exchange
Act and other regulations that govern public companies, and the Fund may be unable to uncover all material information about these companies,
which may prevent the Fund from making a fully informed investment decision and cause us to lose money on the Fund’s investments;
•
they
generally have less predictable operating results and may require substantial additional capital to support their operations, finance
expansion or maintain their competitive position;
•
the
Fund’s executive officers, trustees and the Advisors may, in the ordinary course of business, be named as defendants in litigation
arising from the Fund’s investments in the Fund’s portfolio companies;
•
changes
in laws and regulations, as well as their interpretations, may adversely affect their business, financial structure or prospects; and
•
they
may have difficulty accessing the capital markets to meet future capital needs.
Fraud
Risk. A major concern when investing in loans and other debt securities is
the possibility of a material misrepresentation or omission on the part of the borrower. Such inaccuracy or incompleteness may adversely
affect the valuation of the collateral underlying the loans or may adversely affect the ability of the Fund to perfect or effectuate a
lien on the collateral securing the loan. The Fund relies upon the accuracy and completeness of representations made by borrowers to the
extent reasonable when it makes its investments, but cannot guarantee such accuracy or completeness. Under certain circumstances, payments
to the Fund may be reclaimed if any such payment or distribution is later determined to have been a fraudulent conveyance or a preferential
payment.
Risks
Relating to the Fund’s Investment Program
Market
and Economic Risks. The Fund and its portfolio companies may be materially
affected by market, economic and political conditions globally and in the jurisdictions and sectors in which they invest or operate, including
factors affecting interest rates, the availability of credit, currency exchange rates and trade barriers. These factors are outside the
Fund’s control and could adversely affect the liquidity and value of its investments, and may reduce the ability of the Fund to
make attractive new investments.
Trends
and historical events do not imply, forecast or predict future events and past performance is not necessarily indicative of future results.
There can be no assurance that the assumptions made or the beliefs and expectations currently held by the Advisors or their affiliates
will prove correct, and actual events and circumstances may vary significantly.
The
Fund may be subject to risk arising from a default by one of several large institutions that are dependent on one another to meet their
liquidity or operational needs, so that a default by one institution may cause a series of defaults by the other institutions. This is
sometimes referred to as “systemic risk” and may adversely affect Financial Intermediaries, such as clearing agencies, clearing
houses, banks, securities firms and exchanges, with which the Fund interacts on a daily basis.
Instability
in the credit markets has made it more difficult at certain times for a number of issuers of debt instruments to obtain financing or refinancing
for their investment or lending activities or operations. In particular, because of volatile conditions in the credit markets, issuers
of debt instruments may be subject to increased cost for debt, tightening underwriting standards and reduced liquidity for loans they
make, securities they purchase and securities they issue. Certain Borrowers may, due to macroeconomic conditions, be unable to repay their
Syndicated Loans or other debt obligations because of these conditions. A Borrower’s failure to satisfy financial or operating covenants
imposed by lenders could lead to defaults
and,
potentially, termination of the Syndicated Loans and foreclosure on the underlying secured assets, which could trigger cross-defaults
under other agreements and jeopardize a Borrower’s ability to meet its obligations under its debt instruments. The Fund may incur
expenses to the extent necessary to seek recovery upon default or to negotiate new terms with a defaulting Borrower. The Fund may also
experience a loss of principal.
These
developments also (i) may make it more difficult for the Fund to accurately value its portfolio securities or to sell its portfolio
securities on a timely basis; (ii) could adversely affect the ability of the Fund to use leverage for investment purposes and increase
the cost of such leverage, which would reduce returns to the Shareholders; and (iii) may adversely affect the broader economy, which
in turn may adversely affect the ability of issuers of securities owned by the Fund to make payments of principal and interest when due,
lead to lower credit ratings of the issuer and increased defaults by the issuer. Such developments could, in turn, reduce the value of
securities owned by the Fund and adversely affect the NAV of the Shares.
Non-U.S.
Securities Risk. The Fund may invest in securities, including direct loans,
Syndicated Loans and Subordinated Loans, of non-U.S. issuers or Borrowers. These investments involve certain risks not involved in domestic
investments and may experience more rapid and extreme changes in value than investments in securities of U.S. companies. Markets for these
investments in foreign countries often are not as developed, efficient or liquid as similar markets in the United States, and therefore,
the prices of non-U.S. securities may be more volatile. Certain foreign countries may impose restrictions on the ability of issuers of
non-U.S. securities to make payments of principal and interest to investors located outside the country, whether from currency blockage
or otherwise. In addition, the Fund will be subject to risks associated with adverse political and economic developments in foreign countries,
including seizure or nationalization of foreign deposits, different legal systems and laws relating to creditors’ rights and the
potential inability to enforce legal judgments, all of which could cause the Fund to lose money on its investments in non-U.S. securities.
Generally, there is less readily available and reliable information about non-U.S. issuers or Borrowers due to less rigorous disclosure
or accounting standards and regulatory practices. The ability of a foreign sovereign issuer to make timely payments on its debt obligations
will also be strongly influenced by the sovereign issuer’s balance of payments, including export performance, its access to international
credit facilities and investments, fluctuations of interest rates and the extent of its foreign reserves. The cost of servicing external
debt generally will also be adversely affected by rising international interest rates, as many external debt obligations bear interest
at rates that are adjusted based upon international interest rates. Investments in so-called “emerging markets” (or
lesser developed countries) are particularly speculative and entail all of the risks of investing in non-U.S. securities but to a heightened
degree. Compared to developed countries, emerging market countries may have relatively unstable governments, economies based on only a
few industries and securities markets that trade a small number of securities. Securities issued by companies located in emerging market
countries tend to be especially volatile and may be less liquid than securities traded in developed countries. Additionally, companies
in emerging market countries may not be subject to accounting, auditing, financial reporting and recordkeeping requirements that are as
robust as those in more developed countries.
Economic
sanctions may be, and have been, imposed against certain countries, organizations, companies, entities and/or individuals. Economic sanctions
and other similar governmental actions or developments could, among other things, effectively restrict or eliminate the Fund’s ability
to purchase or sell certain foreign securities or groups of foreign securities, and thus may make the Fund’s investments in such
securities less liquid or more difficult to value. Such sanctions may also cause a decline in the value of securities issued by the sanctioned
country or companies located in or economically tied to the sanctioned country. In addition, as a result of economic sanctions and other
similar governmental actions or developments, the Fund may be forced to sell or otherwise dispose of foreign investments at inopportune
times or prices.
Foreign
Currency Risk. Because the Fund may invest in securities denominated or quoted
in currencies other than the U.S. dollar, changes in foreign currency exchange rates may affect the value of securities in the Fund and
the unrealized appreciation or depreciation of investments. Currencies of certain countries may be volatile and therefore may affect the
value of securities denominated in such currencies, which means that the Fund’s NAV could decline as a result of changes in the
exchange rates between foreign currencies and the U.S. dollar. The Advisors may, but are not required to, elect for the Fund to seek
to
protect itself from changes in currency exchange rates through hedging transactions depending on market conditions. The Fund may incur
costs in connection with the conversions between various currencies. In addition, certain countries may impose foreign currency exchange
controls or other restrictions on the repatriation, transferability or convertibility of currency.
Currency
Hedging Risk. The Advisors may seek to hedge all or a portion of the Fund’s
foreign currency risk. However, the Advisors cannot guarantee that it will be practical to hedge these risks in certain markets or conditions
or that any efforts to do so will be successful.
Arbitrage
Risk. The Fund may engage in capital structure arbitrage and other arbitrage
strategies. Arbitrage strategies entail various risks, including the risk that external events, regulatory approvals and other factors
will impact the consummation of announced corporate events and/or the prices of certain positions. In addition, hedging is an important
feature of capital structure arbitrage. There is no guarantee that the Advisors will be able to hedge the Fund’s investment portfolio
in the manner necessary to employ successfully the Fund’s strategy.
Market
Disruption and Geopolitical Risk. Disease outbreaks, public health emergencies
(e.g., the coronavirus outbreak, epidemics and other pandemics), the European sovereign debt crisis, instability in the Chinese capital
markets, the effect of the United Kingdom (the “U.K.”) leaving the European Union (the “EU”), terrorist attacks
in the United States and around the world, the impact of natural disasters, growing social and political discord in the United States,
the European debt crisis, the response of the international community — through economic sanctions and otherwise — the
war in Ukraine and Russia, increasingly strained relations between the United States and a number of foreign countries, including traditional
allies, such as certain European countries, and historical adversaries, such as North Korea, Iran, China and Russia, and the international
community generally, new and continued political unrest in various countries may result in market volatility, may have long-term adverse
effects on the United States and worldwide financial markets and may cause further economic uncertainties in the United States and worldwide.
The Fund does not know how long the financial markets may be affected by these events and cannot predict the effects of these events or
similar events in the future on the U.S. and global economies and financial markets. Wars and occupation, terrorism and related geopolitical
risks have led, and may in the future lead, to increased short-term market volatility and may have adverse long-term effects on U.S. and
global economies and markets generally. These events could have an acute effect on individual issuers or related groups of issuers. These
events could also impact interest rates, secondary trading, ratings, credit risk, inflation and other factors relating to an investment
in the Shares. During periods of market disruption, portfolio companies may be more likely to seek to draw on unfunded commitments the
Fund has made, and the risk of being unable to fund such commitments is heightened during such periods.
The
Fund may be adversely affected by abrogation of international agreements and national laws which have created the market instruments in
which the Fund may invest, failure of the designated national and international authorities to enforce compliance with the same laws and
agreements, failure of local, national and international organization to carry out their duties prescribed to them under the relevant
agreements, revisions of these laws and agreements which dilute their effectiveness or conflicting interpretation of provisions of the
same laws and agreements. Syndicated Loans and Corporate Bonds rated below investment grade and investments with similar characteristics
tend to be more volatile than investment grade fixed income securities and, as a result, these events and other market disruptions may
have a greater impact on the prices and volatility of such instruments than on investment grade fixed income securities. There can be
no assurance that such market disruptions may not have other material and adverse implications for the Syndicated Loan and Corporate Bond
markets or other markets in which the Fund may invest.
Certain
of the Fund’s portfolio companies’ businesses could be adversely affected by the effects of health pandemics or epidemics,
including the ongoing COVID-19 global pandemic, the evolution of which continues to be uncertain. Recurring COVID-19 outbreaks around
the world have heightened concerns relating to new and potentially more dangerous virus variants, which, if transmitted around the globe
could lead to the re-introduction of restrictions that were in place in 2020, 2021, and to a lesser extent in 2022, or even the adoption
of other more strict measures to combat outbreaks. Another severe outbreak of COVID-19 or another pandemic can disrupt the Fund’s
and the Fund’s portfolio companies’ businesses and materially and adversely impact the Fund’s and/or the Fund’s
portfolio companies’ financial results.
The
COVID-19 pandemic contributed to certain conditions associated with the current macroeconomic environment and caused significant disruptions
and instabilities in the global and U.S. financial markets or deteriorations in credit and financing conditions. A resurgence of COVID-19
or another pandemic with effects similar to those of COVID-19 may adversely affect the Fund’s and the Fund’s portfolio companies’
liquidity positions.
U.S.
and global markets recently have experienced increased volatility, including as a result of the recent failures of certain U.S. and non-U.S.
banks, which could be harmful to the Fund and issuers in which it invests. For example, if a bank in which the Fund or issuer has an account
fails, any cash or other assets in bank accounts may be temporarily inaccessible or permanently lost by the Fund or issuer. If a bank
that provides a subscription line credit facility, asset-based facility, other credit facility and/or other services to an issuer fails,
the issuer could be unable to draw funds under its credit facilities or obtain replacement credit facilities or other services from other
lending institutions with similar terms. Even if banks used by issuers in which the Fund invests remain solvent, continued volatility
in the banking sector could cause or intensify an economic recession, increase the costs of banking services or result in the issuers
being unable to obtain or refinance indebtedness at all or on as favorable terms as could otherwise have been obtained. Conditions in
the banking sector are evolving, and the scope of any potential impacts to the Fund and issuers, both from market conditions and also
potential legislative or regulatory responses, are uncertain. Continued market volatility and uncertainty and/or a downturn in market
and economic and financial conditions, as a result of developments in the banking industry or otherwise (including as a result of delayed
access to cash or credit facilities), could have an adverse impact on the Fund and issuers in which it invests.
U.S.
Credit Rating and European Economic Crisis Risk. In August 2011, S&P
lowered its long-term sovereign credit rating on the United States from “AAA” to “AA+,” which was re-affirmed
by S&P in June 2016. In January 2012, S&P lowered its long-term sovereign credit ratings for France, Italy, Spain and
six other European countries, which negatively impacted global markets and economic conditions. During subsequent periods, S&P further
lowered its long-term sovereign credit rating for Spain. S&P subsequently raised its long-term sovereign credit rating on Spain to
“BBB,” but its current credit rating still signifies significant ongoing risk. Recent U.S. budget deficit concerns, together
with signs of deteriorating sovereign debt conditions in Europe, have increased the possibility of additional credit-rating downgrades
and economic slowdowns. The impact of any further downgrade to the U.S. government’s sovereign credit rating, or its perceived creditworthiness,
and the impact of the current crisis in Europe with respect to the ability of certain European Union (“EU”) countries to continue
to service their sovereign debt obligations is inherently unpredictable and could adversely affect the U.S. and global financial markets
and economic conditions. In addition, the economic downturn and the significant government interventions into the financial markets and
fiscal stimulus spending over the last several years have contributed to significantly increased U.S. budget deficits. There can
be no assurance that future fiscal or monetary measures to aid economic recovery will be effective. These developments and reactions of
the credit markets to these developments could cause interest rates and borrowing costs to rise, which may negatively impact the Fund’s
ability to obtain debt financing on favorable terms. In addition, any adverse economic conditions resulting from any further downgrade
of the U.S. government’s sovereign credit rating or the economic crisis in Europe could have a material adverse effect on the Fund’s
business, financial condition and results of operations.
Government
Intervention in the Financial Markets Risk. Instability in the financial markets
has led the U.S. Government, the Federal Reserve and foreign governments and central banks around the world to take a number of unprecedented
actions designed to support certain financial institutions and segments of the financial markets that have experienced extreme volatility,
and in some cases a lack of liquidity. U.S. federal and state and foreign governments, their regulatory agencies or self-regulatory organizations
may take additional actions that affect the regulation of the securities, debt instruments or structured products in which the Fund invests,
or the issuers of such securities or structured products, in ways that are unforeseeable or not fully understood or anticipated. Governments
or their agencies may also acquire distressed assets from financial institutions and acquire ownership interests in those institutions.
The implications of government ownership and disposition of these assets are unclear, and such programs may have positive or negative
effects on the liquidity, valuation and performance of the Fund’s portfolio holdings. Furthermore, volatile financial markets can
expose the Fund to greater market and liquidity risk
and
potential difficulty in valuing portfolio instruments held by the Fund. The Advisor will monitor developments and seek to manage the Fund’s
portfolio in a manner consistent with achieving the Fund’s investment objective, but there can be no assurance that it will be successful
in doing so.
European
Risk. The Fund may invest a portion of its capital in debt securities issued
by issuers domiciled in Europe, including issuers domiciled in the U.K. Concerns regarding the sovereign debt of various Eurozone countries
and proposals for investors to incur substantial write-downs and reductions in the face value of the sovereign debt of certain countries
give rise to concerns about sovereign defaults, the possibility that one or more countries might leave the EU or the Eurozone and various
proposals (still under consideration and unclear in material respects) for support of affected countries and the Euro as a currency. The
outcome of any such situation cannot be predicted. Sovereign debt defaults and EU and/or Eurozone exits could have material adverse effects
on investments by the Fund in securities of European companies, including but not limited to the availability of credit to support such
companies’ financing needs, uncertainty and disruption in relation to financing, customer and supply contracts denominated in Euro
and wider economic disruption in markets served by those companies, while austerity and other measures that have been introduced in order
to limit or contain these issues may themselves lead to economic contraction and resulting adverse effects for the Fund. A number of the
Fund’s securities may be denominated in the Euro. Legal uncertainty about the funding of Euro denominated obligations following
any breakup or exits from the Eurozone (particularly in the case of investments in securities of companies in affected countries) could
also have material adverse effects on the Fund. The U.K. ceased to be a member state of the EU on January 31, 2020 commonly referred
to as “Brexit,” and the transition period provided for in the withdrawal agreement entered by the U.K. and the EU ended on
December 31, 2020. In December 2020, the U.K. and the EU agreed on a trade and cooperation agreement, which was subsequently
ratified by the parties. The trade and cooperation agreement covers the general objectives and framework of the relationship between the
U.K. and the EU. The impact of Brexit on the U.K. and EU and the broader global economy is unknown but could be significant and could
result in increased volatility and illiquidity and potentially lower economic growth. Brexit also may lead to greater volatility in the
global currency and financial markets, which could adversely affect the Fund. In connection with investments in non-U.S. issuers, the
Fund may engage in foreign currency exchange transactions but is not required to hedge its currency exposure. As such, the Fund makes
investments that are denominated in British pound sterling or Euros. The Fund’s assets are valued in U.S. dollars and the depreciation
of the British pound sterling and/or the Euro in relation to the U.S. dollar could adversely affect the Fund’s investments denominated
in British pound sterling or Euros that are not fully hedged regardless of the performance of the underlying issuer.
Economic
Recession or Downturn Risk. Many of the Fund’s portfolio companies may
be susceptible to economic slowdowns or recessions and may be unable to repay the Fund’s debt investments during these periods.
Therefore, the Fund’s non-performing assets are likely to increase, and the value of its portfolio is likely to decrease, during
these periods. Adverse economic conditions may also decrease the value of any collateral securing the Fund’s secured loans. A prolonged
recession may further decrease the value of such collateral and result in losses of value in the Fund’s portfolio and a decrease
in the Fund’s revenues, net income and NAV. Unfavorable economic conditions also could increase the Fund’s funding costs,
limit the Fund’s access to the capital markets or result in a decision by lenders not to extend credit to it on terms it deems acceptable.
These events could prevent the Fund from increasing investments and harm the Fund’s operating results.
Legal
and Regulatory Risks. Additionally, in August 2022, Rule 18f-4 under
the 1940 Act, regarding the ability of a registered investment company to use derivatives and other transactions that create future payment
or delivery obligations (except reverse repurchase agreements and similar financing transactions), became effective. Under the new rule,
registered investment companies that make significant use of derivatives are required to operate subject to a value-at-risk leverage limit,
adopt a derivatives risk management program and appoint a derivatives risk manager, and comply with various testing and board reporting
requirements. Such requirements may limit the ability of the Fund to invest in derivatives, short sales and similar financing transactions,
limit the Fund’s ability to employ certain strategies that use these instruments and/or adversely affect the Fund’s efficiency
in implementing its strategy, liquidity and/or ability to pursue its investment objective.
At
any time after the date of this prospectus, legislation may be enacted that could negatively affect the assets of the Fund or the issuers
of such assets. Changing approaches to regulation may have a negative impact on the entities in which the Fund invests. Legislation or
regulation may also change the way in which the Fund itself is regulated. There can be no assurance that future legislation, regulation
or deregulation will not have a material adverse effect on the Fund or will not impair the ability of the Fund to achieve its investment
objective.
Risks
Associated with Changes in LIBOR. National and international regulators and
law enforcement agencies have conducted investigations into a number of rates or indices that are deemed to be “reference rates.”
Actions by such regulators and law enforcement agencies may result in changes to the manner in which certain reference rates are determined,
their discontinuance, or the establishment of alternative reference rates. In particular, on July 27, 2017, the Chief Executive of
the U.K. Financial Conduct Authority (the “FCA”), which regulates LIBOR, announced that the FCA will no longer persuade or
compel banks to submit rates for the calculation of LIBOR after 2021.
The
U.S. Federal Reserve, in conjunction with the Alternative Reference Rates Committee (the “ARRC”), a steering committee comprised
of large U.S. financial institutions, has identified the Secured Overnight Financing Rate, (“SOFR”) as its preferred alternative
rate for LIBOR. On December 6, 2021, the ARRC released a statement selecting and recommending forms of SOFR, along with associated
spread adjustments and conforming changes, to replace references to 1-week and 2-month USD LIBOR. The Fund expects that a substantial
portion of the Fund’s future floating rate investments will be linked to SOFR. Although there have been an increasing number of
issuances utilizing SOFR or the Sterling Over Night Index Average (“SONIA”) (the GBP-LIBOR nominated replacement alternative
reference rate that is based on transactions), it is unknown whether SOFR or any other alternative reference rates will attain market
acceptance as replacements for LIBOR. Given the inherent differences between LIBOR and SOFR, or any other alternative reference rates
that may be established, the transition from LIBOR may disrupt the overall financial markets and adversely affect the market for LIBOR-based
securities, including the Fund’s portfolio of LIBOR indexed, floating rate debt securities, or the cost of the Fund’s borrowings.
In addition, changes or reforms to the determination or supervision of LIBOR may result in a sudden or prolonged increase or decrease
in reported LIBOR, which could have an adverse impact on the market for LIBOR-based securities, including the value and/or transferability
of the LIBOR indexed, floating rate debt securities in the Fund’s portfolio, or the cost of the Fund’s borrowings.
Additionally,
if as currently expected LIBOR ceases to exist, the Fund may need to renegotiate the credit agreements extending beyond June 30,
2023 with its credit facility lenders and portfolio companies that utilize LIBOR as a factor in determining the interest rate to replace
LIBOR with SOFR or other alternative reference rates, which could require the Fund to incur significant time and expense and may subject
the Fund to disputes or litigation over the appropriateness or comparability to the relevant replacement reference index.
Risks
Associated with Commodity Futures Trading Commission Regulation. The Sub-Advisor
claims an exclusion from the definition of the term “commodity pool operator” in accordance with Commodity Futures Trading
Commission (“CFTC”) Regulation 4.5 so that the Sub-Advisor is not subject to registration or regulation as a CPO under
the CEA with respect to the Fund. In order to maintain the exclusion for the Sub-Advisor, the Fund must invest no more than a prescribed
level of its liquidation value in certain futures, certain swap contracts and certain other Derivatives subject to the CEA’s jurisdiction,
and the Fund must not market itself as providing investment exposure to such instruments. If the Fund’s investments no longer qualify
the Sub-Advisor for the exclusion, the Sub-Advisor may be subject to the CFTC’s CPO registration requirements with respect to the
Fund, and the disclosure and operations of the Fund would need to comply with all applicable regulations governing commodity pools registered
as investment companies under the 1940 Act and commodity pool operators. Compliance with the additional registration and regulatory requirements
may increase operating expenses. Other potentially adverse regulatory initiatives could also develop.
Inflation
and Deflation Risk. Inflation risk is the risk that the value of certain assets
or income from the Fund’s investments will be worth less in the future as inflation decreases the value of money. As inflation increases,
the real value of investments and distributions can decline. In addition, during any
periods
of rising inflation, the dividend rates or borrowing costs associated with the Fund’s use of leverage would likely increase, which
would tend to further reduce returns to Shareholders. Deflation risk is the risk that prices throughout the economy decline over time — the
opposite of inflation. Deflation may have an adverse effect on the creditworthiness of issuers and may make issuer defaults more likely,
which may result in a decline in the value of the Fund’s portfolio.
Interest
Rate Risk. The market value of Corporate Bonds and other fixed-income securities
changes in response to interest rate changes and other factors. Interest rate risk is the risk that prices of bonds and other fixed-income
securities will increase as interest rates fall and decrease as rates rise. Accordingly, an increase in market interest rates may cause
a decrease in the price of a debt security and, therefore, a decline in the net asset value of the Fund’s Shares. The magnitude
of these fluctuations in the market price of bonds and other fixed-income securities is generally greater for those securities with longer
maturities. Because Syndicated Loans with floating or variable rates reset their interest rates periodically, changes in prevailing interest
rates can be expected to cause some fluctuations in the Fund’s NAV. Similarly, an increase in market interest rates may cause a
decline in the Fund’s NAV. In addition, Syndicated Loans or similar loans or securities may allow the Borrower to opt between LIBOR-based
interest rates, SOFR-based interest rates and interest rates based on bank prime rates, which may have an effect on the Fund’s NAV.
If
general interest rates rise, as they have in recent years, there is a risk that the portfolio companies in which the Fund holds floating
rate securities will be unable to pay escalating interest amounts, which could result in a default under their loan documents. Rising
interest rates could also cause portfolio companies to shift cash from other productive uses to the payment of interest, which may have
a material adverse effect on their business and operations and could, over time, lead to increased defaults. In addition, rising interest
rates may increase pressure on the Fund to provide fixed rate loans to the Fund’s portfolio companies, which could adversely affect
the Fund’s net investment income, as increases in the cost of borrowed funds would not be accompanied by increased interest income
from such fixed-rate investments.
Investment
Terms and Timeframe Risk. Delays in investing the net proceeds of this offering
may impair the Fund’s performance. The Fund cannot assure investors that it will be able to identify any investments that meet the
Fund’s investment objective or that any investment that the Fund makes will produce a positive return. The Fund may be unable to
invest its assets on acceptable terms within the time period that it anticipates or at all, which could harm the Fund’s financial
condition and results of operations.
Prior
to investing in securities of portfolio companies, the Fund may invest primarily in cash, cash equivalents, U.S. government securities,
repurchase agreements and high-quality debt instruments maturing in one year or less from the time of investment, which may produce returns
that are significantly lower than the returns which it expects to achieve when the Fund’s portfolio is fully invested in securities
meeting its investment objective. As a result, any distributions that the Fund pays while its portfolio is not fully invested in securities
meeting its investment objective may be lower than the distributions that the Fund may be able to pay when its portfolio is fully invested
in securities meeting its investment objective.
Restrictions
on Entering into Affiliated Transactions. The Advisors may enter into transactions
and invest in securities, instruments and currencies on behalf of the Fund in which customers of its affiliates, to the extent permitted
by applicable law, serve as the counterparty, principal or issuer. In such cases, such party’s interests in the transaction could
be adverse to the interests of the Fund, and such party may have no incentive to assure that the Fund obtains the best possible prices
or terms in connection with the transaction. In addition, the purchase, holding and sale of such investments by the Fund may enhance the
profitability of the Advisors or their affiliates. One or more affiliates may also create, write or issue Derivatives for their customers,
the underlying securities, currencies or instruments of which may be those in which the Fund invests or which may be based on the performance
of the Fund. The Fund may, subject to applicable law, purchase investments that are the subject of an underwriting or other distribution
by one or more of the Advisors affiliates and may also enter into transactions with other clients of an affiliate where such other clients
have interests adverse to those of the Fund. By reason of the various activities of the Advisors and their affiliates, the Advisors and
such affiliates may acquire confidential or material non-public information or otherwise be restricted from purchasing certain potential
Fund investments that otherwise might have been purchased or be restricted from selling certain Fund investments that might otherwise
have been sold at the time.
Lack
of Funds to Make Additional Investments Risk. The Fund may not have the funds
or ability to make additional investments in its portfolio companies. After the Fund’s initial investment in a portfolio company,
it may be called upon from time to time to provide additional funds to such company or have the opportunity to increase its investment
through the exercise of a warrant to purchase common shares. There is no assurance that the Fund will make, or will have sufficient funds
to make, follow-on investments. Any decisions not to make a follow-on investment or any inability on the Fund’s part to make such
an investment may have a negative impact on a portfolio company in need of such an investment, may result in a missed opportunity for
the Fund to increase its participation in a successful operation or may reduce the expected return on the investment.
Uncertain
Exit Strategies. Due to the illiquid nature of some of the positions that the
Fund is expected to acquire, as well as the risks associated with the Fund’s investment strategies, the Fund is unable to predict
with confidence what the exit strategy may ultimately be for any given investment, or that one will definitely be available. Exit strategies
which appear to be viable when an investment is initiated may be precluded by the time the investment is ready to be realized due to economic,
legal, political or other factors.
Other
Risks Relating to the Fund
Advisor
Risk. The Advisor utilizes the resources of Ares’ U.S. and European credit
teams who manage direct lending, syndicated loan, corporate bond, opportunistic credit and structured credit investment strategies for
the Ares Credit Group as well as the real estate debt and stressed/distressed investment teams. The Fund’s portfolio management
team is comprised of members of Ares’ Credit Group. The Advisor intends to use the resources of Ares. There can be no assurance
that any such investment professionals will remain employed by Ares or if employed, will remain involved with the Advisors’ performance
obligations. The Advisor is a joint venture and conflicts could arise between the parties to the joint venture that could impact the Advisor’s
ability to perform its duties.
Senior
Management Personnel of the Advisors. Since the Fund has no employees, it depends
on the investment expertise, skill and network of business contacts of the Advisors. The Advisors evaluate, negotiate, structure, execute,
monitor and service the Fund’s investments. The Fund’s future success depends to a significant extent on the continued service
and coordination of the Advisors and their senior management team. The departure of any members of the Advisors’ senior management
team could have a material adverse effect on the Fund’s ability to achieve its investment objective.
The
Fund’s ability to achieve its investment objective depends on the Advisors’ ability to identify, analyze, invest in, finance
and monitor companies that meet the Fund’s investment criteria. The Advisors’ capabilities in managing the investment process,
providing competent, attentive and efficient services to the Fund, and facilitating access to financing on acceptable terms depend on
the employment of investment professionals in an adequate number and of adequate sophistication to match the corresponding flow of transactions.
To achieve the Fund’s investment objective, the Advisors may need to hire, train, supervise and manage new investment professionals
to participate in the Fund’s investment selection and monitoring process. The Advisors may not be able to find investment professionals
in a timely manner or at all. Failure to support the Fund’s investment process could have a material adverse effect on the Fund’s
business, financial condition and results of operations.
In
addition, the Investment Advisory Agreement has termination provisions that allow the parties to terminate the agreements without penalty.
The Investment Advisory Agreement, Investment Sub-Advisory Agreement and the CAM Administration Agreement may be terminated at any time,
without penalty, by the Advisors upon 60 days’ notice to the Fund. If either agreement is terminated, it may adversely affect
the quality of the Fund’s investment opportunities. In addition, in the event such agreements are terminated, it may be difficult
for the Fund to replace the Advisors. Furthermore, the termination of either of these agreements may adversely impact the terms of the
Fund’s or its subsidiaries’ financing facilities or any financing facility into which the Fund or its subsidiaries may enter
in the future, which could have a material adverse effect on the Fund’s business and financial condition.
Key
Personnel Risk. The Advisor depends on the diligence, skill and network of
business contacts of certain Ares Credit Group and CION professionals. The Advisor also depends, to a significant extent, on access to
other investment professionals within Ares and CION and the information and deal flow
generated
by these investment professionals in the course of their investment and portfolio management activities. The Fund’s success depends
on the continued service of such personnel. The investment professionals associated with the Advisors are actively involved in other investment
activities not concerning the Fund and will not be able to devote all of their time to the Fund’s business and affairs. The departure
of any of the senior managers of the Advisors, or of a significant number of the investment professionals or partners of the Advisors’
affiliates, could have a material adverse effect on the Fund’s ability to achieve its investment objective. Individuals not currently
associated with the Advisors may become associated with the Fund and the performance of the Fund may also depend on the experience and
expertise of such individuals. In addition, there is no assurance that the Advisors will remain the Fund’s investment advisor or
that the Advisors will continue to have access to the investment professionals and partners of its affiliates and the information and
deal flow generated by the investment professionals of its affiliates.
Ares
and CION Relationships. The Fund expects that Ares and CION will depend on
their existing relationships with private equity sponsors, investment banks and commercial banks, and the Fund expects to rely to a significant
extent upon these relationships for purposes of potential investment opportunities. If Ares or CION fails to maintain their existing relationships
or develop new relationships with other sources or sponsors of investment opportunities, the Fund may not be able to expand its investment
portfolio. In addition, individuals with whom Ares and CION have relationships are not obligated to provide the Fund with investment opportunities
and, therefore, there is no assurance that such relationships will generate investment opportunities for the Fund.
The
Advisors’ Incentive Fee Risk. The Investment Advisory Agreement and Investment
Sub-Advisory Agreement entitle the Advisors to receive incentive compensation on income regardless of any capital losses. In such case,
the Fund may be required to pay the Advisors incentive compensation for a fiscal quarter even if there is a decline in the value of the
Fund’s portfolio or if the Fund incurs a net loss for that quarter.
Any
Incentive Fee payable by the Fund that relates to its net investment income may be computed and paid on income that may include interest
that has been accrued but not yet received. If a portfolio company defaults on a loan that is structured to provide accrued interest,
it is possible that accrued interest previously included in the calculation of the Incentive Fee will become uncollectible. The Advisors
are not under any obligation to reimburse the Fund for any part of the Incentive Fee they received that was based on accrued income that
the Fund never received as a result of a default by an entity on the obligation that resulted in the accrual of such income, and such
circumstances would result in the Fund’s paying an Incentive Fee on income it never received.
The
Incentive Fee payable by the Fund to the Advisors may create an incentive for them to make investments on the Fund’s behalf that
are risky or more speculative than would be the case in the absence of such compensation arrangement. The way in which the Incentive Fee
payable to the Advisors is determined may encourage them to use leverage to increase the return on the Fund’s investments. In addition,
the fact that the Management Fee is payable based upon the Fund’s average daily gross assets, which would include any borrowings
for investment purposes, may encourage the Advisors to use leverage to make additional investments. Under certain circumstances, the use
of leverage may increase the likelihood of default, which would disfavor Shareholders. Such a practice could result in the Fund’s
investing in more speculative securities than would otherwise be in its best interests, which could result in higher investment losses,
particularly during cyclical economic downturns.
Shares
Not Listed; No Market for Shares. The Fund has been organized as a closed-end
management investment company. Closed-end funds differ from open-end management investment companies (commonly known as mutual funds)
because investors in a closed-end fund do not have the right to redeem their shares on a daily basis. Unlike most closed-end funds, which
typically list their shares on a securities exchange, the Fund does not currently intend to list the Shares for trading on any securities
exchange, and the Fund does not expect any secondary market to develop for the Shares in the foreseeable future. Therefore, an investment
in the Fund, unlike an investment in a typical closed-end fund, is not a liquid investment.
Closed-end
Interval Fund; Liquidity Risks. The Fund is a diversified, closed-end management
investment company structured as an “interval fund” and designed primarily for long-term investors. The Fund is not intended
to be a typical traded investment. There is no secondary market for the Fund’s Shares
and
the Fund expects that no secondary market will develop. An investor should not invest in the Fund if the investor needs a liquid investment.
Closed-end funds differ from open-end management investment companies, commonly known as mutual funds, in that investors in a closed-end
fund do not have the right to redeem their shares on a daily basis at a price based on NAV. Although the Fund, as a fundamental policy,
will make quarterly offers to repurchase at least 5% and up to 25% of its outstanding Shares at NAV, the number of Shares tendered in
connection with a repurchase offer may exceed the number of Shares the Fund has offered to repurchase, in which case not all of your Shares
tendered in that offer will be repurchased. In connection with any given repurchase offer, it is expected the Fund will offer to repurchase
only the minimum amount of 5% of its outstanding Shares. Hence, you may not be able to sell your Shares when and/or in the amount that
you desire.
Competition
for Investment Opportunities. The Fund competes for investments with other
closed-end funds and investment funds, as well as traditional financial services companies such as commercial banks and other sources
of funding. Moreover, alternative investment vehicles, such as hedge funds, have begun to invest in areas in which they have not traditionally
invested. As a result of these new entrants, competition for investment opportunities may intensify. Many of the Fund’s competitors
are substantially larger and may have considerably greater financial, technical and marketing resources than the Fund. For example, some
competitors may have a lower cost of capital and access to funding sources that are not available to the Fund. In addition, some of the
Fund’s competitors may have higher risk tolerances or different risk assessments than it has. These characteristics could allow
the Fund’s competitors to consider a wider variety of investments, establish more relationships and pay more competitive prices
for investments than it is able to do. The Fund may lose investment opportunities if it does not match its competitors’ pricing.
If the Fund is forced to match its competitors’ pricing, it may not be able to achieve acceptable returns on its investments or
may bear substantial risk of capital loss. A significant increase in the number and/or the size of the Fund’s competitors could
force it to accept less attractive investment terms. Furthermore, many of the Fund’s competitors have greater experience operating
under, or are not subject to, the regulatory restrictions that the 1940 Act imposes on it as a closed-end fund.
“Best-Efforts”
Offering Risk. This offering is being made on a best efforts basis, whereby
the Distributor is only required to use its best efforts to sell the Shares and has no firm commitment or obligation to purchase any of
the Shares. To the extent that less than the maximum number of Shares is subscribed for, the opportunity for the allocation of the Fund’s
investments among various issuers and industries may be decreased, and the returns achieved on those investments may be reduced as a result
of allocating all of the Fund’s expenses over a smaller capital base.
Inadequate
Return Risk. No assurance can be given that the returns on the Fund’s
investments will be commensurate with the risk of investment in the Shares.
Inadequate
Network of Broker-Dealer Risk. The success of the Fund’s continuous public
offering, and correspondingly the Fund’s ability to implement its investment objective and strategies, depends upon the ability
of the Distributor and the Advisor to establish, operate and maintain a network of Selected Broker-Dealers to sell the Shares. If the
Distributor or the Advisor fails to perform, the Fund may not be able to raise adequate proceeds through the Fund’s continuous public
offering to implement the Fund’s investment objective and strategies. If the Fund is unsuccessful in implementing its investment
objective and strategies, an investor could lose all or a part of his or her investment in the Fund.
Repurchase
Offers Risks. As described under “Share Repurchase Program,” the
Fund is an “interval fund” and, to provide some liquidity to Shareholders, makes quarterly offers to repurchase between 5%
and 25% of its outstanding Shares at NAV, pursuant to Rule 23c-3 under the 1940 Act. The Fund believes that these repurchase offers
are generally beneficial to the Fund’s Shareholders, and generally are funded from available cash or sales of portfolio securities.
However, the repurchase of Shares by the Fund decreases the assets of the Fund and, therefore, may have the effect of increasing the Fund’s
expense ratio. Repurchase offers and the need to fund repurchase obligations may also affect the ability of the Fund to be fully invested
or force the Fund to maintain a higher percentage of its assets in liquid investments, which may harm the Fund’s investment
performance. Moreover, diminution in the size of the Fund through repurchases may result in untimely sales of portfolio securities, and
may limit the ability of the Fund to participate in new investment opportunities. If the Fund uses leverage, repurchases of Shares may
compound
the adverse effects of leverage in a declining market. In addition, if the Fund borrows money to finance repurchases, interest on that
borrowing will negatively affect Shareholders who do not tender their Shares by increasing Fund expenses and reducing any net investment
income. Certain Shareholders may from time to time own or control a significant percentage of the Fund’s Shares. Repurchase
requests by these Shareholders of these Shares of the Fund may cause repurchases to be oversubscribed, with the result that Shareholders
may only be able to have a portion of their Shares repurchased in connection with any repurchase offer. If a repurchase offer is oversubscribed
and the Fund determines not to repurchase additional Shares beyond the repurchase offer amount, or if Shareholders tender an amount of
Shares greater than that which the Fund is entitled to purchase, the Fund will repurchase the Shares tendered on a pro rata basis,
and Shareholders will have to wait until the next repurchase offer to make another repurchase request. Shareholders will be subject to
the risk of NAV fluctuations during that period. Thus, there is also a risk that some Shareholders, in anticipation of proration, may
tender more Shares than they wish to have repurchased in a particular quarter, thereby increasing the likelihood that proration will occur.
The NAV of Shares tendered in a repurchase offer may fluctuate between the date a Shareholder submits a repurchase request and the Repurchase
Request Deadline, and to the extent there is any delay between the Repurchase Request Deadline and the Repurchase Pricing Date. The NAV
on the Repurchase Request Deadline or the Repurchase Pricing Date may be higher or lower than on the date a Shareholder submits a repurchase
request. See “Share Repurchase Program.”
Distribution
Payment Risk. The Fund cannot assure investors that the Fund will achieve investment
results that will allow the Fund to make a specified level of cash distributions or year-to-year increases in cash distributions. All
distributions will be paid at the discretion of the Board and may depend on the Fund’s earnings, the Fund’s net investment
income, the Fund’s financial condition, maintenance of the Fund’s and the Fund’s RIC status, compliance with applicable
regulations and such other factors as the Board may deem relevant from time to time.
In
the event that the Fund encounters delays in locating suitable investment opportunities, all or a substantial portion of the Fund’s
distributions may constitute a return of capital to Shareholders. To the extent that the Fund pays distributions that constitute a return
of capital for U.S. federal income tax purposes, it will lower an investor’s tax basis in his or her Shares. A return of capital
generally is a return of an investor’s investment, rather than a return of earnings or gains derived from the Fund’s investment
activities, and generally results in a reduction of the tax basis in the Shares. As a result from such reduction in tax basis, Shareholders
may be subject to tax in connection with the sale of Fund Shares, even if such Shares are sold at a loss relative to the Shareholder’s
original investment.
Risks
Associated with the Fund Distribution Policy. The Fund intends to make
regular distributions. Currently, in order to maintain a relatively stable level of distributions, the Fund may pay out less than all
of its net investment income to the extent consistent with maintaining its ability to be subject to tax as a RIC under the Code, pay out
undistributed income from prior months, return capital in addition to current period net investment income or borrow money to fund
distributions. The distributions for any full or partial calendar year might not be made in equal amounts, and one distribution may be
larger than the other. The Fund will make a distribution only if authorized by the Board and declared by the Fund out of assets legally
available for these distributions. This distribution policy may, under certain circumstances, have certain adverse consequences to the
Fund and its Shareholders because it may result in a return of capital, which would reduce the NAV of the Shares and, over time, potentially
increase the Fund’s expense ratio. If a distribution constitutes a return of capital, it means that the Fund is returning to Shareholders
a portion of their investment rather than making a distribution that is funded from the Fund’s earned income or other profits. The
Fund’s distribution policy may be changed at any time by the Board.
There
is a possibility that the Fund may make total distributions during a calendar or taxable year in an amount that exceeds the Fund’s
net investment company taxable income and net capital gains for the relevant taxable year. In such situations, if a distribution exceeds
the Fund’s current and accumulated earnings and profits (as determined for U.S. federal income tax purposes), a portion of each
distribution paid with respect to such taxable year would generally be treated as a return of capital for U.S. federal income tax purposes,
thereby reducing the amount of a Shareholder’s tax basis in such Shareholder’s Fund Shares. When a Shareholder sells
Fund Shares, the amount, if any, by which the sales price exceeds the Shareholder’s tax basis in Fund Shares may be treated
as a gain subject to tax. Because a return of
capital
reduces a Shareholder’s tax basis in Fund Shares, it generally will increase the amount of such Shareholder’s gain or
decrease the amount of such Shareholder’s loss when such Shareholder sells Fund Shares. To the extent that the amount of any
return of capital distribution exceeds a Shareholder’s tax basis in Fund Shares, such excess generally will be treated as gain
from a sale or exchange of the shares.
Because
the Fund has issued Preferred Shares and has issued other forms of indebtedness, its ability to make distributions to its Shareholders
is limited by the asset coverage requirements and other limitations imposed by the 1940 Act and the terms of the Fund’s indebtedness.
Investment
Dilution Risk. The Fund’s investors do not have preemptive rights to
any Shares the Fund may issue in the future. The Fund’s amended and restated declaration of trust (the “Declaration of Trust”)
authorizes it to issue an unlimited number of Shares. The Board may amend the Declaration of Trust. After an investor purchases Shares,
the Fund may sell additional Shares in the future or issue equity interests in private offerings. To the extent the Fund issues additional
equity interests after an investor purchases its Shares, such investor’s percentage ownership interest in the Fund will be
diluted.
Anti-Takeover
Risk. The Declaration of Trust and bylaws, as well as certain statutory and
regulatory requirements, contain certain provisions that may have the effect of discouraging a third party from attempting to acquire
it. Subject to the limitations of the 1940 Act, the Board may, without Shareholder action, authorize the issuance of shares in one or
more classes or series, including Preferred Shares; and the Board may, without Shareholder action, amend the Declaration of Trust. These
anti-takeover provisions may inhibit a change of control in circumstances that could give Shareholders the opportunity to realize a premium
over the value of the Shares.
Conflicts
of Interest Risk. The Fund is a party to the Investment Advisory Agreement
with CAM, and the Investment Sub-Advisory Agreement with Ares Capital, entities in which certain of the Fund’s trustees, officers
and members of the investment committee of the Advisors may have indirect ownership and pecuniary interests. Certain of the Fund’s
trustees and officers and members of the investment committee of the Advisors also serve as officers or principals of other investment
managers affiliated with the Advisors that currently, and may in the future, manage investment funds with investment objectives similar
to the Fund’s investment objective. In addition, certain of Fund’s officers and trustees and the members of the investment
committee of the Advisors serve or may serve as officers, trustees or principals of entities that operate in the same or related line
of business as the Fund does or of investment funds managed by the Fund’s affiliates. Accordingly, the Fund may not be made aware
of and/or given the opportunity to participate in certain investments made by investment funds managed by advisors affiliated with the
Advisors. However, the Advisors intend to allocate investment opportunities in a fair and equitable manner in accordance with the Advisors’
investment allocation policy.
Pursuant
to the terms of the CAM Administration Agreement, CAM provides the Fund with certain administrative and other services necessary to conduct
the Fund’s day-to-day operations, and the Fund reimburses CAM, at cost, for the Fund’s allocable portion of overhead and other
expenses (including travel expenses) incurred by CAM in performing its obligations under the CAM Administration Agreement, including the
Fund’s allocable portion of the cost of certain of the Fund’s officers (including but not limited to the chief compliance
officer, chief financial officer, chief accounting officer, general counsel, secretary and treasurer) and their respective staffs, but
not investment professionals. See “Conflicts of Interest.”
Potential
Conflicts of Interest Risk — Allocation of Investment Opportunities. The
Advisors have adopted allocation procedures that are intended to treat each fund they advise in a manner that, over a period of time,
is fair and equitable. Ares and CION currently provide investment advisory and administration services and may provide in the future similar
services to other entities (collectively, “Advised Funds”). Certain existing Advised Funds have, and future Advised Funds
may have, investment objectives similar to those of the Fund, and such Advised Funds will invest in asset classes similar to those targeted
by the Fund. Certain other existing Advised Funds do not, and future Advised Funds may not, have similar investment objectives, but such
funds may from time to time invest in asset classes similar to those targeted by the Fund. The Advisors will endeavor to allocate investment
opportunities in a fair and equitable manner, and in any event consistent with any fiduciary duties owed to the Fund and other clients
and in an effort to avoid favoring one client over another and taking into account all relevant facts and circumstances,
including
(without limitation): (i) differences with respect to available capital, size of client, and remaining life of a client; (ii) differences
with respect to investment objectives or current investment strategies, including regarding: (a) current and total return requirements,
(b) emphasizing or limiting exposure to the security or type of security in question, (c) diversification, including industry
or company exposure, currency and jurisdiction, or (d) rating agency ratings; (iii) differences in risk profile at the time
an opportunity becomes available; (iv) the potential transaction and other costs of allocating an opportunity among various clients;
(v) potential conflicts of interest, including whether a client has an existing investment in the security in question or the issuer
of such security; (vi) the nature of the security or the transaction, including minimum investment amounts and the source of the
opportunity; (vii) current and anticipated market and general economic conditions; (viii) existing positions in a Borrower/loan/security;
and (ix) prior positions in a Borrower/loan/security. Nevertheless, it is possible that the Fund may not be given the opportunity
to participate in certain investments made by investment funds managed by investment managers affiliated with the Advisors.
The
Advisors may determine that the Fund should invest on a side-by-side basis with one or more Advised Funds. In certain circumstances, negotiated
co-investments may be made only in accordance with the terms of the exemptive order Ares received from the SEC (the “Order”).
Co-investments made under the Order are subject to compliance with the conditions and other requirements contained in the Order, which
could limit the Fund’s ability to participate in a co-investment transaction.
In
the event investment opportunities are allocated among the Fund and the other Advised Funds, the Fund may not be able to structure its
investment portfolio in the manner desired. Although the Advisors endeavor to allocate investment opportunities in a fair and equitable
manner, the Fund is not generally permitted to co-invest in any portfolio company in which a fund managed by Ares or any of its downstream
affiliates (other than the Fund and its downstream affiliates) currently has an investment. However, the Fund may co-invest with funds
managed by Ares or any of its downstream affiliates, subject to compliance with existing regulatory guidance, applicable regulations and
its allocation procedures. Furthermore, the Fund and the other Advised Funds may make investments in securities where the prevailing trading
activity may make impossible the receipt of the same price or execution on the entire volume of securities purchased or sold by the Fund
and the other Advised Funds. When this occurs, the various prices may be averaged, and the Fund will be charged or credited with the average
price. Thus, the effect of the aggregation may operate on some occasions to the disadvantage of the Fund. In addition, under certain circumstances,
the Fund may not be charged the same commission or commission equivalent rates in connection with a bunched or aggregated order.
It
is likely that the other Advised Funds may make investments in the same or similar securities at different times and on different terms
than the Fund. The Fund and the other Advised Funds may make investments at different levels of a Borrower’s capital structure or
otherwise in different classes of a Borrower’s securities, to the extent permitted by applicable law. Such investments may inherently
give rise to conflicts of interest or perceived conflicts of interest between or among the various classes of securities that may be held
by such entities. Conflicts may also arise because portfolio decisions regarding the Fund may benefit the other Advised Funds. For example,
the sale of a long position or establishment of a short position by the Fund may impair the price of the same security sold short by (and
therefore benefit) one or more Advised Funds, and the purchase of a security or covering of a short position in a security by the Fund
may increase the price of the same security held by (and therefore benefit) one or more Advised Funds.
Applicable
law, including the 1940 Act, may at times prevent the Fund from being able to participate in investments that it otherwise would participate
in, and may require the Fund to dispose of investments at a time when it otherwise would not dispose of such investment, in each case,
in order to comply with applicable law.
The
Advisors, their affiliates and their clients may pursue or enforce rights with respect to a Borrower in which the Fund has invested, and
those activities may have an adverse effect on the Fund. As a result, prices, availability, liquidity and terms of the Fund’s investments
may be negatively impacted by the activities of the Advisors and their affiliates or their clients, and transactions for the Fund may
be impaired or effected at prices or terms that may be less favorable than would otherwise have been the case.
The
Advisors may have a conflict of interest in deciding whether to cause the Fund to incur leverage or to invest in more speculative investments
or financial instruments, thereby potentially increasing the management and incentive fee payable by the Fund and, accordingly, the fees
received by the Advisors. Certain other Advised Funds pay the Advisors or their affiliates greater performance-based compensation, which
could create an incentive for the Advisors or an affiliate to favor such investment fund or account over the Fund.
Potential
Conflicts of Interest Risk — Allocation of Personnel. The Fund’s
executive officers and trustees, and the employees of the Advisors, serve or may serve as officers, directors or principals of entities
that operate in the same or a related line of business as the Fund or of investment funds or accounts managed by the Advisors or their
affiliates. As a result, they may have obligations to investors in those entities, the fulfillment of which might not be in the best interests
of the Fund or its Shareholders. Additionally, certain personnel of the Advisors and their management may face conflicts in their time
management and commitments.
Potential
Conflicts of Interest Risk — Lack of Information Barriers. By reason
of the various activities of the Advisors and their affiliates, the Advisors and such affiliates may acquire confidential or material
non-public information or otherwise be restricted from purchasing certain potential Fund investments that otherwise might have been purchased
or be restricted from selling certain Acquiring Fund investments that might otherwise have been sold at the time.
Portfolio
Fair Value Risk. Under the 1940 Act, the Fund is required to carry its portfolio
investments at market value or, if there is no readily available market value, at fair value. There is not a public market for the securities
of the privately held companies in which the Fund may invest. Many of the Fund’s investments are not exchange-traded, but are, instead,
traded on a privately negotiated OTC secondary market for institutional investors. The Advisor, as valuation designee, is responsible
for the valuation of the Fund’s portfolio investments and implementing the portfolio valuation process set forth in the Advisor’s
valuation policy to management. Valuations of Fund investments are disclosed quarterly in reports publicly filed with the SEC. See “Determination
of Net Asset Value.”
Certain
factors that may be considered in determining the fair value of the Fund’s investments include dealer quotes for securities traded
on the OTC secondary market for institutional investors, the nature and realizable value of any collateral, the portfolio company’s
earnings and its ability to make payments on its indebtedness, the markets in which the portfolio company does business, comparison to
comparable publicly-traded companies, discounted cash flow and other relevant factors. Because such valuations, and particularly valuations
of private securities and private companies, are inherently uncertain, may fluctuate over short periods of time and may be based on estimates,
determinations of fair value may differ materially from the values that would have been used if an exchange-traded market for these securities
existed. Due to this uncertainty, the Advisor’s fair value determinations may cause the Fund’s NAV on a given date to materially
understate or overstate the value that it may ultimately realize upon the sale of one or more of its investments.
Portfolio
Turnover Risk. The Fund’s annual portfolio turnover rate may vary greatly
from year to year, as well as within a given year. However, portfolio turnover rate is not considered a limiting factor in the execution
of investment decisions for the Fund. High portfolio turnover may result in the realization of net short-term capital gains by the Fund
which, when distributed to the Fund and, ultimately, Shareholders, will be taxable as ordinary income. In addition, a higher portfolio
turnover rate results in correspondingly greater brokerage commissions and other transactional expenses that are borne by the Fund.
General
Risks Associated with Derivatives. Although the Fund does not expect Derivatives
to represent a significant component of its portfolio initially, the Fund may use Derivatives including, in particular, swaps (including,
total return swaps), synthetic collateralized loan obligations, reverse repurchase agreements and other similar transactions, in seeking
to achieve its investment objective or for other reasons, such as cash management, financing activities or to hedge its positions. Accordingly,
Derivatives may be used in limited instances as a form of leverage or to seek to enhance returns, including speculation on changes in
credit spreads, interest rates or other characteristics of the market, individual securities or groups of securities. If the Fund invests
in a Derivative for speculative purposes, which the Fund does not
initially
intend to do, the Fund will be fully exposed to the risks of loss of that Derivative, which may sometimes be greater than the Derivative’s
cost. The use of Derivatives may involve substantial leverage. The use of Derivatives may subject the Fund to the following risks, including
but not limited to:
>
Credit
risk — the risk that the counterparty in a Derivative transaction will be
unable to honor its financial obligation to the Fund, or the risk that the reference entity in a credit default swap or similar Derivative
will not be able to honor its financial obligations. Certain participants in the Derivatives market, including larger financial institutions,
have recently experienced significant financial hardship and deteriorating credit conditions. If the Fund’s counterparty to a Derivative
transaction experiences a loss of capital, or is perceived to lack adequate capital or access to capital, it may experience margin calls
or other regulatory requirements to increase equity. Under such circumstances, the risk that a counterparty will be unable to honor its
obligations may increase substantially. If a counterparty becomes bankrupt or otherwise fails to perform its obligations under a derivative
contract, the Fund may experience significant delays in obtaining any recovery under the derivative contract in bankruptcy or other reorganization
proceeding. The Fund may obtain only a limited recovery or may obtain no recovery in such circumstances.
>
Currency
risk — the risk that changes in the exchange rate between two currencies will
adversely affect the value (in U.S. dollar terms) of an investment.
>
Leverage
risk — the risk associated with certain types of Derivative strategies that
relatively small market movements may result in large changes in the value of an investment. Certain investments or trading strategies
that involve leverage can result in losses that greatly exceed the amount originally invested.
>
Liquidity
risk — the risk that certain securities may be difficult or impossible to
sell at the time that the seller would like or at the price that the seller believes the security is currently worth. This risk is heightened
to the extent the Fund engages in OTC Derivative transactions.
>
Correlation
risk — the risk that changes in the value of a Derivative will not match the
changes in the value of the portfolio holdings that are being hedged or of the particular market, security or loan to which the Fund seeks
exposure.
>
Index
risk — if the Derivative is linked to the performance of an index, it will
be subject to the risks associated with changes in that index. If the index changes, the Fund could receive lower interest payments or
experience a reduction in the value of the Derivative to below what the Fund paid. Certain indexed securities, including inverse securities
(which move in an opposite direction to the index), may create leverage, to the extent that they increase or decrease in value at a rate
that is a multiple of the changes in the applicable index.
>
Regulatory
risk — various legislative and regulatory initiatives may impact the availability,
liquidity and cost of Derivatives, including potentially limiting or restricting the ability of the Fund to use certain Derivatives or
certain counterparties as a part of its investment strategy, increasing the costs of using these instruments or making these instruments
less effective. See “Types of Investments and Related Risks — Legislation and Regulation Risks”.
Options
and Futures Risk. The Fund may utilize options and futures contracts and so-called
“synthetic” options or other Derivatives written by broker-dealers or other permissible Financial Intermediaries. Options
transactions may be effected on securities exchanges or in the OTC market. When options are purchased OTC, the Fund’s portfolio
bears the risk that the counterparty that wrote the option will be unable or unwilling to perform its obligations under the option contract.
Options may also be illiquid and, in such cases, the Fund may have difficulty closing out its position. OTC options also may include options
on baskets of specific securities.
The
Fund may purchase call and put options on specific securities, and may write and sell covered or uncovered call and put options for hedging
purposes in pursuing its investment objective. A put option gives the purchaser of the option the right to sell, and obligates the writer
to buy, the underlying security at a stated exercise price, typically at any time prior to the expiration of the option. A call option
gives the purchaser of the option the right to buy, and obligates the writer to sell, the underlying security at a stated
exercise
price, typically at any time prior to the expiration of the option. A covered call option is a call option with respect to which the seller
of the option owns the underlying security. The sale of a call option exposes the seller during the term of the option to possible loss
of opportunity to realize appreciation in the market price of the underlying security or to possible continued holding of a security that
might otherwise have been sold to protect against depreciation in the market price of the security. In the sale of a put, losses may be
significant and, in the sale of a call, losses can be unlimited.
The
Fund may close out a position when writing options by purchasing an option on the same security with the same exercise price and expiration
date as the option that it has previously written on the security. In such a case, the Fund will realize a profit or loss if the amount
paid to purchase an option is less or more than the amount received from the sale of the option.
Purchasing
a futures contract creates an obligation to take delivery of the specific type of financial instrument at a specific future time at a
specific price for contracts that require physical delivery, or net payment for cash-settled contracts. Engaging in transactions in futures
contracts involves risk of loss to the Fund. No assurance can be given that a liquid market will exist for any particular futures contract
at any particular time. All terms of futures contracts are set forth in the rules of the exchange on which the futures contracts are traded.
Many futures exchanges and boards of trade limit the amount of fluctuation permitted in futures contract prices during a single trading
day. Once the daily limit has been reached in a particular contract, no trades may be made that day at a price beyond that limit or trading
may be suspended for specified periods during the trading day. Futures contract prices could move to the limit for several consecutive
trading days with little or no trading, preventing prompt liquidation of futures positions and potentially subjecting the Fund to substantial
losses. Successful use of futures also is subject to the Advisors’ ability to predict correctly the direction of movements in the
relevant market, and, to the extent the transaction is entered into for hedging purposes, to determine the appropriate correlation between
the transaction being hedged and the price movements of the futures contract.
Cybersecurity
Risks. Cybersecurity refers to the combination of technologies, processes and
procedures established to protect information technology systems and data from unauthorized access, attack or damage. The Fund and its
respective affiliates and third-party service providers are subject to cybersecurity risks. Cyber security risks have significantly increased
in recent years and, while the Fund has not experienced any material losses relating to cyber attacks or other information security
breaches, the Fund could suffer such losses in the future. The Fund’s and its respective affiliates’ and third-party service
providers’ computer systems, software and networks may be vulnerable to unauthorized access, computer viruses or other malicious
code and other events that could have a security impact. If one or more of such events occur, this potentially could jeopardize confidential
and other information, including nonpublic personal information and sensitive business data, processed and stored in, and transmitted
through, computer systems and networks, or otherwise cause interruptions or malfunctions in the Fund’s operations or the operations
of its respective affiliates and third-party service providers. This could result in significant losses, reputational damage, litigation,
regulatory fines or penalties, investigations or otherwise adversely affect the Fund’s business, financial condition or results
of operations. Privacy and information security laws and regulation changes, and compliance with those changes, may result in cost increases
due to system changes and the development of new administrative processes. In addition, the Fund may be required to expend significant
additional resources to modify the Fund’s protective measures and to investigate and remediate vulnerabilities or other exposures
arising from operational and security risks.
Risks
Relating to Fund’s RIC Status. Although the Fund has elected to be treated
as a RIC under Subchapter M of the Code, no assurance can be given that the Fund will be able to qualify for and maintain RIC status.
If the Fund qualifies as a RIC under the Code, the Fund generally will not be subject to corporate-level federal income taxes on its income
and capital gains that are timely distributed (or deemed distributed) as dividends for U.S. federal income tax purposes to its Shareholders.
To qualify as a RIC under the Code and to be relieved of federal taxes on income and gains distributed as dividends for U.S. federal income
tax purposes to the Fund’s Shareholders, the Fund must, among other things, meet certain source-of-income, asset diversification
and distribution requirements. The distribution requirement for a RIC is satisfied if the Fund distributes dividends each tax year for
U.S. federal income tax purposes of an amount generally at least equal to 90% of the sum of its net ordinary income and net short-term
capital gains in excess of net long-term capital losses, if any, to the Fund’s Shareholders.
RIC-Related
Risks of Investments Generating Non-Cash Taxable Income. Certain of the Fund’s
investments will require the Fund to recognize taxable income in a tax year in excess of the cash generated on those investments during
that year. In particular, the Fund expects to invest in loans and other debt instruments that will be treated as having “market
discount” and/or original issue discount (“OID”) for U.S. federal income tax purposes. Because the Fund may be required
to recognize income in respect of these investments before, or without receiving, cash representing such income, the Fund may have difficulty
satisfying the annual distribution requirements applicable to RICs and avoiding Fund-level U.S. federal income and/or excise taxes. Accordingly,
the Fund may be required to sell assets, including at potentially disadvantageous times or prices, raise additional debt or equity capital,
make taxable distributions of Shares or debt securities, or reduce new investments, to obtain the cash needed to make these income distributions.
If the Fund liquidates assets to raise cash, the Fund may realize additional gain or loss on such liquidations. In the event the Fund
realizes additional net capital gains from such liquidation transactions, Shareholders, may receive larger capital gain distributions
than it or they would in the absence of such transactions.
Instruments
that are treated as having OID for U.S. federal income tax purposes may have unreliable valuations because their continuing accruals require
judgments about the collectability of the deferred payments and the value of any collateral. Loans that are treated as having OID generally
represent a significantly higher credit risk than coupon loans. Accruals on such instruments may create uncertainty about the source of
Fund distributions to Shareholders. OID creates the risk of non-refundable cash payments to the Advisors based on accruals that may never
be realized. In addition, the deferral of payment-in-kind (“PIK”) interest also reduces a loan’s loan-to-value ratio
at a compounding rate.
Uncertain
Tax Treatment. The Fund may invest a portion of its net assets in below investment
grade instruments. Investments in these types of instruments may present special tax issues for the Fund. U.S. federal income tax rules
are not entirely clear about issues such as when the Fund may cease to accrue interest, OID or market discount, when and to what extent
deductions may be taken for bad debts or worthless instruments, how payments received on obligations in default should be allocated between
principal and income and whether exchanges of debt obligations in a bankruptcy or workout context are taxable. These and other issues
will be addressed by the Fund to the extent necessary in connection with the Fund’s intention to distribute sufficient income each
tax year to minimize the risk that it becomes subject to U.S. federal income or excise tax.
MANAGEMENT
OF THE FUND
Trustees
Pursuant
to the Declaration of Trust and bylaws, the Fund’s business and affairs are managed under the direction of the Board, which has
overall responsibility for monitoring and overseeing the Fund’s management and operations. The Board consists of nine members, five
of whom are considered Independent Trustees. The Trustees are subject to removal or replacement in accordance with Delaware law and the
Declaration of Trust. The Trustees serving on the Board, except for Jeffrey B. Perlowitz and Elaine Orr, were elected by the organizational
Shareholder of the Fund. Jeffrey B. Perlowitz and Elaine Orr were appointed to the Board by the Trustees. The Statement of Additional
Information provides additional information about the Trustees.
CAM
serves as the Fund’s investment advisor pursuant to the terms of the Investment Advisory Agreement and subject to the authority
of, and any policies established by, the Board. Ares Capital serves as the Fund’s investment sub-advisor pursuant to the terms of
the Investment Sub-Advisory Agreement. Pursuant to the Investment Advisory Agreement and Investment Sub-Advisory Agreement, the Advisors
manage the Fund’s investment portfolio, direct purchases and sales of portfolio securities and report thereon to the Fund’s
officers and Trustees regularly.
The
Board, including a majority of the Independent Trustees, oversees and monitors the Fund’s investment performance. After an initial
two-year term, the Board will review on an annual basis the Investment Advisory Agreement and the Investment Sub-Advisory Agreement to
determine, among other things, whether the fees payable under such agreements are reasonable in light of the services provided.
Investment
Personnel
The
Fund is primarily the responsibility of two portfolio managers, Mitch Goldstein and Greg Margolies. The Fund is also supported by thirteen
additional members of the Sub-Advisor’s Allocation Committee.
Below
is biographical information relating to Mitch Goldstein and Greg Margolies and the members of the Sub-Advisor’s Allocation Committee:
Mitch
Goldstein
Mitch
Goldstein is a Partner and Co-Head of the Ares Credit Group. Mitch Goldstein serves on the Ares Executive Management Committee. Additionally,
Mitch Goldstein serves as Co-President of ARCC, interested trustee and Co-Chief Executive Officer of Ares Strategic Income Fund, and Vice
President and interested trustee of the Fund. Mitch Goldstein is a member of the Ares Credit Group’s U.S. Direct Lending, Commercial
Finance, Pathfinder and the Ivy Hill Asset Management Investment Committees, the Ares Infrastructure Debt Investment Committee, and the
Ares SSG Direct Lending (Australia). Prior to joining Ares Management in May 2005, Mitch Goldstein worked at Credit Suisse First
Boston (“CSFB”), where Mitch Goldstein was a Managing Director in the Financial Sponsors Group. At CSFB, Mitch Goldstein was
responsible for providing investment banking services to private equity funds and hedge funds with a focus on M&A and restructurings
as well as capital raisings, including high yield, bank debt, mezzanine debt, and initial public offerings. Mitch Goldstein joined CSFB
in 2000 at the completion of the merger with Donaldson, Lufkin & Jenrette. From 1998 to 2000, Mitch Goldstein was at Indosuez Capital,
where Mitch Goldstein was a member of the Investment Committee and a Principal, responsible for originating, structuring and executing
leveraged transactions across a broad range of products and asset classes. From 1993 to 1998, Mitch Goldstein worked at Bankers Trust.
Mitch Goldstein also serves on the Board of Managers of Ivy Hill Asset Management GP, LLC. Mitch Goldstein graduated summa cum laude from
the State University of New York at Binghamton with a B.S. in Accounting and received an M.B.A. from Columbia University’s Graduate
School of Business.
Greg
Margolies
Greg
Margolies is a Partner in the Ares Credit Group. Greg Margolies serves as a member of the Ares Credit Group’s Alternative Credit
Investment Committee, the Ares Private Equity Group’s Special Opportunities Investment Committee and is on the Board of Directors
of the Ares Charitable Foundation.
Prior
to joining Ares in 2009, Greg Margolies served as a Managing Director and Global Head of Leveraged Finance and Capital Commitments at
Merrill Lynch & Co. and was a member of the Executive Committee for Merrill Lynch’s Global Investment Banking Group. Previously,
Greg Margolies was Co-Head of the DB Capital Mezzanine Fund. Greg Margolies serves on the Board of Directors for the International Organization
for Women and Development and the Advisory Council for University of Michigan’s Life Science Institute. Greg Margolies holds a B.A.
from the University of Michigan in International Economics and Finance and an M.B.A. from the University of Pennsylvania Wharton School
of Business.
Keith
Ashton
Keith
Ashton is a Partner, Portfolio Manager and Co-Head of Alternative Credit in the Ares Credit Group. Keith Ashton serves as a Vice President
and Portfolio Manager for Ares Dynamic Credit Allocation Fund, Inc. (NYSE:ARDC). Keith Ashton serves as a member of the Ares Credit Group’s
Alternative Credit Pathfinder and Pathfinder Core Investment Committees. Additionally, Keith Ashton serves on the Ares Diversity, Equity
and Inclusion Council. Prior to joining Ares in 2011, Keith Ashton was a Partner at Indicus Advisors LLP, where Keith Ashton focused on
launching the global structured credit business in May 2007. Previously, Keith Ashton was a Portfolio Manager and Head of Structured
Credit at TIAA-CREF, where Keith Ashton focused on managing a portfolio of structured credit investments and helped launch TIAA’s
institutional asset management business. Keith Ashton’s experience as an investor in alternative fixed income products spans virtually
all securitized asset classes, including CLOs, consumer and commercial receivables, insurance and legal settlements, small business and
trade receivables, whole business securitizations, timeshare and other mortgage-related receivables, and esoteric asset classes such as
catastrophe risk and intellectual property. Keith Ashton holds a B.A. from Brigham Young University in Economics and an M.B.A. from the
University of Rochester William E. Simon School of Business in Finance and Accounting.
Seth
Brufsky
Seth
Brufsky is a Partner, Portfolio Manager and Chairman of Global Liquid Credit in the Ares Credit Group. Seth Brufsky also serves as the
Chief Executive Officer, President and is a Director of ARDC. Additionally, Seth Brufsky serves as a member of the Ares Credit Group’s
Liquid Credit Investment Committee. Prior to joining Ares in 1998, Seth Brufsky was a member of the Corporate Strategy and Research Group
of Merrill Lynch & Co., where Seth Brufsky focused on analyzing and marketing non-investment grade securities. Previously, Seth Brufsky
was a member of the Institutional Sales and Trading Group of the Global Fixed Income Division at Union Bank of Switzerland. Seth Brufsky
serves on the Board of Trustees of Choate Rosemary Hall, a private, co-educational, college-preparatory boarding school, and serves on
the Dean’s Advisory Boards for the College of Arts and Sciences and the College of Agriculture and Life Sciences of Cornell University.
Seth Brufsky also serves on the Board of the Luminescence Foundation, a charitable giving organization. Seth Brufsky holds a B.S. from
Cornell University in Applied Economics and Business Management and an M.B.A., with honors, from the University of Southern California
Marshall School of Business in Finance, where Seth Brufsky was awarded the Glassick Scholarship for academic achievement.
Kipp
deVeer
Kipp
deVeer is a Director and Partner of Ares Management Corporation and Head of the Ares Credit Group. Kipp deVeer is a member of the Ares
Executive Management Committee and the Ares Diversity, Equity and Inclusion Council. Kipp deVeer also serves as a Director and Chief Executive
Officer of ARCC and an interested trustee and Chairman of the Board of Trustees of Ares Strategic Income Fund. Kipp deVeer is a member
of the Ares Credit Group’s U.S. Direct Lending, European Direct Lending and Pathfinder Investment Committees. Prior to joining Ares
in 2004, Kipp deVeer was a partner at RBC Capital Partners, a division of Royal Bank of Canada, which led the firm’s middle market
financing and principal investment business. Kipp deVeer joined RBC in October 2001 from Indosuez Capital, where Kip deVeer was Vice
President in the Merchant Banking Group. Previously, Kipp deVeer worked at J.P. Morgan and Co., both in the Special Investment Group of
J.P. Morgan Investment Management, Inc. and the Investment Banking Division of J.P. Morgan Securities Inc. Kipp deVeer received a B.A.
from Yale University and an M.B.A. from Stanford University’s Graduate School of Business.
Mark
Gatto
Mark
Gatto is Co-Founder, Co-Chief Executive Officer and Co-President of CION and CIC. Mark Gatto is also a Director of CAM. Mark Gatto serves
on the investment committee of CIC and the investment allocation committee of the Fund. Mark Gatto joined CION in 1999. Mark Gatto served
as Executive Vice President and Chief Acquisitions Officer from May 2007 through January 2008. Mark Gatto served as Executive
Vice President of Business Development from May 2006 through May 2007 and Vice President of Marketing from August 2005
through February 2006. Mark Gatto was also Associate General Counsel from November 1999 until October 2000. Previously,
Mark Gatto was an executive for a leading international product development and marketing company from 2000 through 2003. Later, Mark
Gatto co-founded a specialty business-consulting firm in New York City where Mark Gatto served as its managing partner before re-joining
CION in 2005. Mark Gatto was also an attorney in private practice prior to joining the firm. Mark Gatto received an M.B.A from the W.
Paul Stillman School of Business at Seton Hall University, a J.D. from Seton Hall University School of Law, and a B.S. from Montclair
State University.
Scott
Graves
Scott
Graves is a Partner, Co-Head of Private Equity Group, Portfolio Manager and Head of Special Opportunities. Scott Graves serves as a member
of the Ares Executive Management Committee and the Ares Private Equity Group’s Corporate Opportunities, Special Opportunities, Energy
Opportunities, and Extended Value Investment Committees. Scott Graves currently serves as the Chairman of the Board for Savers Value Village,
Inc. and serves on the boards of Altafiber, Infrastructure and Energy Alternatives, Inc., McLaren Automotive Group and Vmo Aircraft Leasing
Group, LLC. Prior to joining Ares in 2017, Scott Graves spent over 15 years in various capacities as a senior executive and investment
professional for Oaktree Capital Management, L.P. From 2013 through 2016, Scott Graves served as Oaktree’s Head of Credit Strategies
and Portfolio Manager of Multi-Strategy Credit. Scott Graves was responsible for a substantial portion of Oaktree’s credit platform,
managed investment portfolios spanning the breadth of Oaktree’s credit strategies and was active in Oaktree corporate management,
serving on the Capital and Risk Management Board, the Senior Leadership Counsel, the Product Governance Board and the Project Steering
Committee. From 2001 through 2013, Scott Graves was an investment professional in Oaktree’s Opportunities Funds, Value Opportunities
Fund and Strategic Credit Funds strategies, where Scott Graves served as a Portfolio Manager. Scott Graves also managed Oaktree’s
corporate and strategic development group, leading the firm’s product step-outs into emerging market credit, strategic credit, value
equities, infrastructure, the enhanced income strategies, structured credit and senior secured lending. Prior to joining Oaktree, Scott
Graves served as a Principal in William E. Simon & Sons’ private equity group and as an Analyst at Merrill Lynch & Company
in the mergers and acquisitions group. Additionally, Scott Graves worked at Price Waterhouse LLP in the audit business services division.
Scott Graves holds a B.A. from the University of California, Los Angeles, in History and an M.B.A. from the Wharton School at the University
of Pennsylvania, where Scott Graves currently serves on the Wharton School Graduate Executive Board. Scott Graves is a Certified Public
Accountant (inactive).
Blair
Jacobson
Blair
Jacobson is a Partner and Co-Head of European Credit in the Ares Credit Group and serves on the Ares Executive Management Committee and
the Ares Diversity, Equity and Inclusion Council. Blair Jacobson also serves on the boards of Ares Management Limited and Ares Management
UK Limited. Additionally, Blair Jacobson serves on the Ares Credit Group’s European Direct Lending and European Liquid Credit Investment
Committees, the Ares Secondaries Group’s Credit Investment Committee and the Ares Sports, Media and Entertainment Investment Committee.
Prior to joining Ares in 2012, Blair Jacobson was a Partner at The StepStone Group, where Blair Jacobson focused on building and running
European operations, including oversight of private debt and equity investments. Previously, Blair Jacobson was a Partner at Citigroup
Private Equity and Mezzanine Partners in London and New York. In addition, Blair Jacobson has held a variety of roles in investment banking
and mergers and acquisitions in a broad range of industries, including at Lehman Brothers. Blair Jacobson holds a B.A., magna cum laude,
from Williams College in Political Economy and an M.B.A., with honors, from the University of Chicago Booth School of Business in Finance.
Jeffrey
Kramer
Jeffrey
Kramer is a Partner, Portfolio Manager and Head of ABS in the Ares Credit Group, where Jeffrey Kramer focuses on alternative credit investments.
Additionally, Jeffrey Kramer serves as a member of the Ares Credit Group’s Alternative Credit, Pathfinder, Pathfinder Core Investment
Committees. Prior to joining Ares in 2013, Jeffrey Kramer worked in the Special Situations Group at Goldman Sachs & Co., where Jeffrey
Kramer was a member of the Asset Investing team from 2009 through 2013, focusing on investing and lending across a wide range of consumer
and commercial related assets. Prior to Jeffrey Kramer’s integration into the Special Situations Group at Goldman Sachs, Jeffrey
Kramer founded ReMark Capital Group, LLC, in 2005, an investment management company focused on the acquisition and structured lending
of pools of consumer loans. ReMark Capital was a partnership between Jeffrey Kramer and Goldman Sachs, and the platform was acquired in
full by Goldman Sachs in 2009. Previously, Jeffrey Kramer was an Executive Director in the Global Financial Markets Division and Co-Head
of the Securitization and Structured Credit Unit of WestLB AG, a European based global commercial and investment bank. Prior to that,
Jeffrey Kramer worked in the Structured Finance and Capital Markets Groups of both Rothschild, Inc. and Nomura Securities and was a Vice
President in the Asset Finance Unit at Financial Security Assurance Inc. Jeffrey Kramer holds a B.B.A. from the University of Texas at
Austin in Finance.
Michael
A. Reisner
Michael
A. Reisner is Co-Founder, Co-Chief Executive Officer and Co-President of CION as well as Co-Chief Executive Officer of CIC. In addition,
Michael A. Reisner is a Director of CAM. Michael A. Reisner serves on the Investment Committee of CIC as well as the Investment Allocation
committee of the Fund. Before co-founding CION in 2012, Michael A. Reisner held positions of increasing responsibility at its predecessor
company, including serving as co-Chief Executive Officer from 2008 to 2012, Chief Financial Officer from 2007 to 2008, Executive Vice
President — Originations from February 2006 through 2007 and Senior Vice President and General Counsel from 2004
through 2006. Earlier in Michael A. Reisner’s career, Michael A. Reisner was an attorney in private practice in New York from 1996
to 2001. Michael A. Reisner serves on the Boards of both CIC and the Fund and served on the Board of the Institute for Portfolio Alternatives
(IPA) from 2018 to 2021. Michael A. Reisner received a J.D., cum laude, from New York Law School and a B.A. from the University of Vermont.
David
A. Sachs
David
A. Sachs is a Partner in the Ares Strategy and Relationship Management Group, and focuses on the Ares Credit Group’s publicly traded
funds, strategic growth opportunities for Ares and facilitating the sharing of credit knowledge across the Ares platform. David A. Sachs
serves as a Director and Chairman of the Board of ARDC and is an interested trustee of the Fund. David A. Sachs also serves as an interested
trustee of Ares Private Markets Fund. Additionally, David A. Sachs serves as a member of the Ares Credit Group’s Alternative Credit
Investment Committee, the Ares Private Equity Group’s Energy Opportunities, Extended Value, and Asia Investment Committees, the
Ares Real Estate Global and Real Estate Debt Investment Committees, and the Ares Equity Income Opportunity Strategy Portfolio Review Committee.
Prior to joining Ares in 1997, David A. Sachs was a Principal of Onyx Partners, Inc., where David A. Sachs focused on merchant banking
and related capital raising activities in the private equity and mezzanine debt markets. Previously, David A. Sachs also worked with Taylor
& Co., an investment manager providing investment advisory and consulting services to members of the Bass Family of Fort Worth, Texas,
and Columbia Savings and Loan Association as Executive Vice President, where David A. Sachs was responsible for asset-liability management
and running the investment management department. David A. Sachs serves as the Non-Executive Chairman of Terex Corporation and is on the
Board of Trustees and the McCormick Advisory Council at Northwestern University. David A. Sachs holds a B.S. from Northwestern University
in Industrial Engineering and Management Science.
Kort
Schnabel
Kort
Schnabel is a Partner in the Ares Credit Group and serves as Co-Head for U.S. Direct Lending, serving on the U.S. Direct Lending Investment
Committee. Additionally, Kort Schnabel serves as Co-President of ARCC. Kort Schnabel also serves on the Ares Sports, Media and Entertainment
Investment
Committee and acts as a co-lead for the strategy. Prior to joining Ares in 2001, Kort Schnabel was in the Corporate Development Group
at Walker Digital Corporation, a business and technology research and development firm, where Kort Schnabel was responsible for corporate
finance, merger and acquisition and strategic planning activities. Previously, Kort Schnabel was in the Corporate Finance Group at Morgan
Stanley, where Kort Schnabel performed financial analyses for mergers and acquisitions, leveraged buyouts and equity/debt offerings. Kort
Schnabel holds a B.A., cum laude, from the University of Pennsylvania in Economics.
Michael
Smith
Michael
Smith is a Partner and Co-Head of the Ares Global Credit Group. Michael Smith serves on the Ares Executive Management Committee. Additionally,
Michael Smith serves as a Director of ARCC and previously served as Co-President of ARCC from July 2014 to October 2022 and
Executive Vice President from May 2013 to July 2014. Michael Smith also serves as an interested trustee and Co-Chief Executive
Officer of Ares Strategic Income Fund. Michael Smith is a member of the Ares Credit Group’s U.S. Direct Lending and Commercial Finance
Investment Committees, the Ivy Hill Asset Management Investment Committee, the Ares Private Equity Group’s Special Opportunities
Investment Committee,the Ares Secondaries Group’s Private Equity Investment Committee, and the Ares Infrastructure Group’s
Infrastructure Group’s Infrastructure Opportunities, Climate Infrastructure Partners and Infrastructure Debt Investment Committees.
Prior to joining Ares in 2004, Michael Smith was a Partner at RBC Capital Partners, a division of Royal Bank of Canada, which led the
firm’s middle market financing and principal investment business. Previously, Michael Smith worked at Indosuez Capital in their
Merchant Banking Group, Kenter, Glastris & Company, and at Salomon Brothers Inc., in their Debt Capital Markets Group and Financial
Institutions Group. Michael Smith serves on the Board of Directors of the University of Notre Dame’s Wilson Sheehan Lab for Economic
Opportunity (LEO), which helps service providers apply scientific evaluation methods to better understand and share effective poverty
interventions. Michael Smith received a B.S. in Business Administration from the University of Notre Dame and a Masters in Management
from Northwestern University’s Kellogg Graduate School of Management.
Bryan
Donohoe
Bryan
Donohoe is a Partner and Co-Head of Ares U.S. Real Estate. Bryan Donohoe is also the Chief Executive Officer of Ares Commercial Real Estate
Corporation. Additionally, Bryan Donohoe serves on the Ares Real Estate Global Investment Committee and the Ares Real Estate Debt Investment
Committee. Prior to joining Ares in 2019, Bryan Donohoe was a Managing Director for Commercial Real Estate Debt in AllianceBernstein’s
Real Estate Investment Group. Previously, Bryan Donohoe was a Senior Professional at Ranieri Real Estate Partners. In addition, Bryan
Donohoe spent 10 years at Deutsche Bank, where Bryan Donohoe focused on originating, structuring and closing of first mortgage loans,
B notes and mezzanine debt. Bryan Donohoe holds a B.A. from Middlebury College in Political Science.
Boris
Okuliar
Boris
Okuliar is a Partner, Portfolio Manager and Co-Head of Global Liquid Credit in the Ares Credit Group. Boris Okuliar serves as a member
of the Ares Credit Group’s European Liquid Credit and European Direct Lending Investment Committees. Prior to joining Ares in 2016,
Boris Okuliar was a Managing Director and Head of Capital Markets for Global Market Strategies at The Carlyle Group, where Boris Okuliar
focused on sourcing credit investment opportunities from banks and sponsors, syndicating excess risk, and developing new business opportunities.
Previously, Boris Okuliar was Head of Leveraged Capital Markets for UBS, where Boris Okuliar focused on the structuring and market execution
of leveraged loans, bridge financing and high yield bond placements. In addition, Boris Okuliar was Head of High Yield Capital Markets
and Syndicate at Barclays Capital in London. Boris Okuliar has also worked for Banc of America Securities in Syndicated Finance and High
Yield Capital Markets in the U.S. and London. Boris Okuliar holds a B.S.B.A. from Georgetown University with a double major in Finance
and International Business, and is a graduate of the Advanced Management Program at Harvard Business School.
Control
Persons
A
control person generally is a person who beneficially owns more than 25% of the voting securities of a company or has the power to exercise
control over the management or policies of such company. To the knowledge of the Fund, as of March 31, 2023, no persons were deemed to
control the Fund.
Administrative
Services
Pursuant
to the CAM Administration Agreement, CAM furnishes the Fund with office equipment and clerical, bookkeeping and record keeping services
at the Fund’s office facilities. Under the CAM Administration Agreement, the Fund is obligated to reimburse CAM, at cost, based
upon the Fund’s allocable portion of CAM’s overhead and other expenses (including travel expenses) incurred by CAM in performing
its obligations under the CAM Administration Agreement, including the Fund’s allocable portion of the compensation of certain of
its officers (including but not limited to the chief compliance officer, chief financial officer, chief accounting officer, general counsel,
treasurer and assistant treasurer) and their respective staffs. The CAM Administration Agreement may be terminated by either party without
penalty upon 60 days’ written notice to the other party. The total expenses incurred under the CAM Administration Agreement
for the year ended December 31, 2022 were approximately $1,774,000.
Pursuant
to the ALPS Administration Agreement, ALPS Fund Services performs, or administers the performance of, certain of the Fund’s
required administrative services, which include, among other things, providing administrative assistance in accounting, legal, compliance,
and operations, preparing the financial records that the Fund is required to maintain and preparing reports to the Fund’s Shareholders
and reports filed with the SEC. In addition, ALPS Fund Services coordinates the preparation and filing of the Fund’s tax returns
and generally coordinates the payment of the Fund’s expenses and the performance of administrative and professional services rendered
to the Fund by others. The total expenses incurred under the ALPS Administration Agreement for the year ended December 31, 2022 were
approximately $2,456,000.
Distribution
Fee
Class U-2
Shares will pay to the Distributor a Distribution Fee that will accrue at an annual rate equal to 0.50% of the Fund’s average daily
net assets attributable to Class U-2 Shares and is payable on a quarterly basis. See “Plan of Distribution.”
Indemnification
The
Investment Advisory Agreement and Investment Sub-Advisory Agreement provide that, absent willful misfeasance, bad faith or gross negligence
in the performance of its duties or by reason of the reckless disregard of its duties and obligations, the Advisors, their members and
their respective officers, managers, partners, agents, employees, controlling persons, members and any other person or entity affiliated
with any of them are entitled to indemnification from the Fund for any damages, liabilities, costs and expenses (including reasonable
attorneys’ fees and amounts reasonably paid in settlement) arising out of or otherwise based upon the performance of any of the
Advisors’ duties or obligations under the Investment Advisory Agreement and Investment Sub-Advisory Agreement or otherwise as an
investment advisor or investment sub-advisor of the Fund.
Custodians,
Distribution Paying Agent, Transfer Agent and Registrar
State
Street Bank and Trust Company, which has its principal office at Channel Center, 1 Iron Street, Boston, MA, 02210, serves as custodian
for the Fund.
SS&C
GIDS, Inc. , which has its principal office at 333 W 11th Street, 5th Floor, Kansas City, MO 64105, serves as the Fund’s distribution
paying agent, transfer agent and registrar.
FUND
EXPENSES
The
Advisors bear all of their own costs incurred in providing investment advisory and sub-advisory services to the Fund. As described below,
however, the Fund bears all other expenses incurred in the business and operation of the Fund, including amounts that the Fund reimburses
to CAM and ALPS Fund Services for certain administrative services that CAM and ALPS Fund Services provide or arrange to
be provided to the Fund.
Expenses
borne directly by the Fund include:
•
corporate,
organizational and offering costs relating to offerings of Shares and Preferred Shares;
•
the
cost of calculating the NAV of Shares, including the cost of any third-party pricing or valuation services;
•
the
cost of effecting sales and repurchases of Shares and other securities;
•
the
Management Fee and Incentive Fee;
•
investment
related expenses (e.g., expenses
that, in the Advisors’ discretion, are related to the investment of the Fund’s assets, whether or not such investments are
consummated), including, as applicable, brokerage commissions, borrowing charges on securities sold short, clearing and settlement charges,
recordkeeping, interest expense, dividends on securities sold but not yet purchased, margin fees, investment related travel and lodging
expenses and research-related expenses;
•
professional
fees relating to investments, including expenses of consultants, investment bankers, attorneys, accountants and other experts;
•
fees
and expenses relating to software tools, programs or other technology (including risk management software, fees to risk management services
providers, third-party software licensing, implementation, data management and recovery services and custom development costs);
•
research
and market data (including news and quotation equipment and services, and any computer hardware and connectivity hardware (e.g.,
telephone and fiber optic lines) incorporated into the cost of obtaining such research and market data);
•
all
costs and charges for equipment or services used in communicating information regarding the Fund’s transactions among the Advisors
and any custodian or other agent engaged by the Fund;
•
transfer
agent and custodial fees;
•
Distributor
costs;
•
fees
and expenses associated with marketing efforts;
•
federal
and any state registration or notification fees;
•
federal,
state and local taxes;
•
fees
and expenses of Trustees not also serving in an executive officer capacity for the Fund or the Advisors;
•
the
costs of preparing, printing and mailing reports and other communications, including tender offer correspondence or similar materials,
to Shareholders;
•
fidelity
bond, Trustees and officers errors and omissions liability insurance and other insurance premiums;
•
direct
costs such as printing, mailing, long distance telephone and staff;
•
overhead
costs, including rent, office supplies, utilities and capital equipment;
•
legal
expenses (including those expenses associated with preparing the Fund’s public filings, attending and preparing for Board meetings,
as applicable, and generally serving as counsel to the Fund);
•
external
accounting expenses (including fees and disbursements and expenses related to the annual audit of the Fund and the preparation of the
Fund’s tax information);
•
any
costs and expenses associated with or related to due diligence performed with respect to the Fund’s offering of its shares, including
but not limited to, costs associated with or related to due diligence activities performed by, on behalf of, or for the benefit of broker-dealers,
registered investment advisors, and third-party due diligence providers;
•
costs
associated with reporting and compliance obligations under the 1940 Act and applicable federal and state securities laws, including compliance
with The Sarbanes-Oxley Act of 2002;
•
all
other expenses incurred by the Fund, CAM and ALPS Fund Services in connection with administering the Fund’s business, including
expenses incurred by CAM and ALPS Fund Services in performing administrative services for the Fund and administrative personnel paid
by CAM and ALPS Fund Services, to the extent they are not controlling persons of CAM and ALPS Fund Services or any of their
respective affiliates, subject to the limitations included in the Administration Agreements; and
•
any
expenses incurred outside of the ordinary course of business, including, without limitation, costs incurred in connection with any claim,
litigation, arbitration, mediation, government investigation or similar proceeding and indemnification expenses as provided for in the
Fund’s organizational documents.
Further,
Class U-2 Shares are subject to a quarterly shareholder servicing fee at an annual rate of up to 0.25% of the average daily net assets
of the Fund attributable to Class U-2 Shares. In addition, Class U-2 Shares are subject to a 0.50% Distribution Fee.
It
is also understood and agreed that if persons associated with the Advisors or any of their affiliates, including persons who are officers
of the Fund, provide accounting, legal, clerical or administrative services to the Fund at the request of the Fund, the Fund will reimburse
the Advisors and their affiliates for their costs in providing such accounting, legal, clerical or administrative services to the Fund
(which costs may include an allocation of overhead including rent and the allocable portion of the salaries and benefits of the relevant
persons and their respective staffs, including travel expenses), using a methodology for determining costs approved by the Board. Nothing
contained herein shall be construed to restrict the Fund’s right to hire its own employees or to contract for services to be performed
by third parties.
Except
as otherwise described in this prospectus, the Advisors and ALPS Fund Services will be reimbursed by the Fund, as applicable, for
any of the above expenses that they pay on behalf of the Fund, including administrative expenses they incur on the Fund’s behalf.
Expense
Support and Conditional Reimbursement Agreement
The
Advisor and the Fund have entered into the Expense Support and Conditional Reimbursement Agreement under which the Advisor may voluntarily
determine to provide an Expense Payment to the Fund to the extent that it deems appropriate in order to ensure that the Fund bears an
appropriate level of expenses. The Expense Support and Conditional Reimbursement Agreement will remain in effect at least until July 31,
2023, unless and until the Board approves its modification or termination. The Expense Support and Conditional Reimbursement Agreement
may be renewed for additional one-year terms by the mutual agreement of the Advisor and the Fund. Prior to July 31, 2019, the Advisor
had agreed contractually to reimburse the Fund’s initial organizational and offering costs, as well as the Fund’s operating
expenses, to the extent that aggregate distributions made to the Fund’s shareholders during the applicable quarter exceeded the
sum of (i) the Fund’s net investment Fund taxable income (including net short-term capital gains reduced by net long-term capital
losses); (ii) the Fund’s net capital gains (including the excess of net long-term capital gains over net short-term capital
losses); and (iii) dividends and other distributions paid to or otherwise earned by the Fund on account of investments in portfolio
companies (to the extent such amounts listed in clause (iii) are not included under clauses (i) and (ii) above).
An
Advisor Reimbursement will be made only if and to the extent that (i) it is payable not more than three years from the last
business day of the calendar quarter in which the applicable Expense Payment was made by the Advisor; (ii) the Advisory Reimbursement
does not cause Other Fund Operating Expenses (as
defined
herein) (on an annualized basis and net of any reimbursements received by the Fund during such fiscal year) during the applicable quarter
to exceed the percentage of the Fund’s average net assets attributable to Class U-2 Shares represented by Other Fund Operating
Expenses (on an annualized basis) during the quarter in which the applicable Expense Payment from the Advisor was made; and (iii) the
distributions per share declared by the Fund for the applicable class at the time of the applicable Expense Payment are less than the
effective rate of distributions per share for such class at the time the Advisor Reimbursement would be paid.
Other
Fund Operating Expenses is defined as the Fund’s total Operating Expenses (as defined below), excluding the Management and
Incentive fees, offering expenses, financing fees and costs, interest expense and extraordinary expenses. “Operating Expenses”
means all operating costs and expenses incurred by the Fund, as determined in accordance with generally accepted accounting principles
for investment companies.
Offering
Costs
All
offering costs of the Fund paid by the Advisor shall be subject to reimbursement pursuant to the Expense Support and Conditional Reimbursement
Agreement.
MANAGEMENT
AND INCENTIVE FEES
Pursuant
to the Investment Advisory Agreement, and in consideration of the advisory services provided by the Advisor to the Fund, the Advisor is
entitled to a fee consisting of two components — the Management Fee and the Incentive Fee. Pursuant to the Investment
Sub-Advisory Agreement, the Advisor pays the Sub-Advisor 40% of the Management Fee and Incentive Fee actually received and retained and
not otherwise used to support expenses.
Management
Fee
The
Management Fee is calculated and payable monthly in arrears at the annual rate of 1.25% of the average daily value of the Fund’s
Managed Assets. “Managed Assets” means the total assets of the Fund (including any assets attributable to any preferred shares
that may be issued or to indebtedness) minus the Fund’s liabilities other than liabilities relating to indebtedness. The Management
Fees incurred during the fiscal year ended December 31, 2022 was approximately $40,784,000.
Incentive
Fee
The
Incentive Fee is calculated and payable quarterly in arrears based upon “pre-incentive fee net investment income” attributable
to each class of the Fund’s Shares for the immediately preceding fiscal quarter, and is subject to a hurdle rate, expressed as a
rate of return based on each class’s average daily net asset value (calculated in accordance with GAAP), equal to 1.50% per quarter
(or an annualized hurdle rate of 6.00%), subject to a “catch-up” feature. For this purpose, “pre-incentive fee net investment
income” means interest income, dividend income and any other income accrued during the fiscal quarter, minus each class’s
operating expenses for the quarter and the distribution and/or shareholder servicing fees (if any) applicable to each class accrued during
the fiscal quarter. For such purposes, the Fund’s operating expenses will include the Management Fee, expenses reimbursed to CAM
under the CAM Administration Agreement, by and between the Fund and CAM, and any interest expense and distributions paid on any issued
and outstanding Preferred Shares, but will exclude the Incentive Fee.
Thus,
the calculation of the Incentive Fee for each fiscal quarter is as follows:
•
No
Incentive Fee is payable in any fiscal quarter in which the applicable pre-incentive fee net investment income attributable to the applicable
share class does not exceed the quarterly hurdle rate of 1.50% of such class’s average daily net assets (calculated in accordance
with GAAP), or 6.00% annualized;
•
100%
of the pre-incentive fee net investment income attributable to the applicable share class, if any, that exceeds the hurdle rate but is
less than or equal to 1.765% of such class’s average daily net asset value (calculated in accordance with GAAP) in any fiscal quarter
(7.06% annualized) is payable to the Advisor; and
•
15%
of the pre-incentive fee net investment income attributable to the applicable share class, if any, that exceeds 1.765% of such class’s
average daily net assets (calculated in accordance with GAAP) in any fiscal quarter (7.06% annualized) is payable to the Advisor (i.e.
once the hurdle rate is reached and the catch-up is achieved).
The
following is a graphical representation of the calculation of the Incentive Fee:
Quarterly
Incentive Fee
Class’s pre-incentive fee net investment income
(expressed as a percentage of the Class’s average
daily net asset value)
Percentage
of each Class’s pre-incentive fee net investment income allocated to the Incentive Fee.
These
calculations will be appropriately prorated for any period of less than three months. During the year ended December 31, 2022,
all Share classes of the Fund incurred a total of approximately $20,043,000 in incentive fees.
Approval
of the Investment Advisory Agreement and Sub-Advisory Agreement
Such
approval of the Investment Advisory Agreement was made in accordance with, and on the basis of an evaluation satisfactory to the Board,
as required by Section 15(c) of the 1940 Act and the applicable rules and regulations thereunder, including consideration of, among
other factors, (i) the nature, quality and extent of the services provided by CAM under the Investment Advisory Agreement; (ii) the
investment performance of the Fund, CAM; (iii) comparative information with respect to advisory fees and other expenses paid by other
comparable investment companies; and (iv) information about the services performed by CAM and the personnel of CAM providing such
services under the Investment Advisory Agreement.
Such
approval of the Investment Sub-Advisory Agreement was made in accordance with, and on the basis of an evaluation satisfactory to the Board,
as required by Section 15(c) of the 1940 Act and the applicable rules and regulations thereunder, including consideration of, among
other factors, (i) the nature, quality and extent of the services provided by Ares Capital under the Investment Sub-Advisory Agreement;
(ii) the investment performance of the Fund, Ares Capital; (iii) comparative information with respect to advisory fees and other
expenses paid by other comparable investment companies; and (iv) information about the services performed by Ares Capital and the
personnel of Ares Capital providing such services under the Investment Sub-Advisory Agreement.
A
discussion of the basis for the Board’s renewal of the Investment Advisory Agreement and Investment Sub-Advisory Agreement can be
found in the Fund’s Semi-Annual Report dated June 30, 2022.
DETERMINATION
OF NET ASSET VALUE
The
Board has designated the Advisor as the Fund’s valuation designee for purposes of Rule 2a-5 under the 1940 Act. NAV per Share
will be determined daily by the Advisor on each day the NYSE is open for trading or at such other times as the Board may determine. NAV
per Share is determined, on a class-specific basis, by dividing the total value of the Fund’s net assets attributable to the applicable
class by the total number of Fund Shares of such class outstanding. The Fund’s net assets are determined by subtracting any
liabilities (including borrowings for investment purposes) from the total value of its portfolio investments and other assets. Each Class A
Share will be offered at NAV plus the applicable sales load, while each Class C Share will be offered at NAV. The Fund’s net
assets are available to holders of Preferred Shares (if any) and Shares. If any Preferred Shares are outstanding, net assets available
for the Shareholders is determined by deducting from net assets the liquidation preference and any accrued dividends on the Preferred
Shares.
Bank
loans, including syndicated loans, are valued by using readily available market quotations or another commercially reasonable method selected
by an independent, third party pricing service that has been approved by the Advisor, or, if such independent, third-party valuations
are not available, by using broker quotations.
Corporate
Bonds and CLOs, and certain other domestic debt securities, are valued at the last reported bid prices supplied by an independent, third
party pricing service that has been approved by the Advisor. If the last reported bid price is not readily available or is otherwise deemed
to be unreliable by the Advisor, then such securities are valued at fair value pursuant to procedures approved by the Board.
If
they are traded on the valuation date, equity securities that are listed or traded on a national exchange will be valued at the last quoted
sale price. Likewise, equity securities that are traded on NASDAQ will be valued at the NASDAQ official closing price if the securities
are traded on the valuation date. If securities are listed on more than one exchange, and if the securities are traded on the valuation
date, they will be valued at the last quoted sale price on the exchange on which the security is principally traded. If there is no sale
of the security on the valuation date, the Advisor will value the securities at the last reported sale price, unless the Advisor believes
such price no longer represents the fair market value and elects to value the security at fair value pursuant to procedures approved by
the Board. If the validity of such quoted prices appears to be questionable or if such quoted prices are not readily available, then the
securities will be valued at fair value pursuant to procedures approved by the Board. Market quotations may be deemed not to represent
fair value in certain circumstances where the Advisor reasonably believes that facts and circumstances applicable to an issuer, seller
or purchaser or to the market for a particular security cause current market quotations not to reflect the fair value of the security.
Examples of these events could include situations in which material events are announced after the close of the market on which a security
is primarily traded, a security trades infrequently causing a quoted purchase or sale price to become stale, or a security’s trading
has been halted or suspended.
The
value of swaps, including credit default swaps, total return swaps and interest rate swaps will be determined by obtaining at least one
dealer quotation (including information from counterparties) or valuations from third-party pricing services. If no quotations or valuations
are available, or if such quotations or valuations are believed to be unreliable, swaps will be fair valued pursuant to procedures approved
by the Board.
Generally,
trading in U.S. Government securities and money market instruments is substantially completed each day at various times prior to the close
of business on the NYSE. The values of such securities used in computing the NAV of the Fund’s Shares are determined as of such
times.
CONFLICTS
OF INTEREST
Certain
of the Fund’s executive officers and trustees, and the employees of the Advisors, serve or may serve as officers, trustees or principals
of entities that operate in the same or a related line of business as the Fund or of other Ares- or CION-advised funds (“Other Managed
Funds”). As a result, they have obligations to investors in those entities, the fulfillment of which might not be in the best interests
of the Fund or its Shareholders. Moreover, notwithstanding the difference in principal investment objectives between the Fund and the
Other Managed Funds, such other funds, including potential new pooled investment vehicles or managed accounts not yet established (whether
managed or sponsored by affiliates or the Advisors), have, and may from time to time have, overlapping investment objectives with the
Fund and, accordingly, invest in, whether principally or secondarily, asset classes similar to those targeted by the Fund. To the extent
the Other Managed Funds have overlapping investment objectives, the scope of opportunities otherwise available to the Fund may be adversely
affected and/or reduced. Additionally, certain employees of the Advisors and their management face conflicts in their time management
and commitments as well as in the allocation of investment opportunities to other Ares funds.
The
results of the Fund’s investment activities may differ significantly from the results achieved by the Other Managed Funds. It is
possible that one or more of such funds will achieve investment results that are substantially more or less favorable than the results
achieved by the Fund. Moreover, it is possible that the Fund will sustain losses during periods in which one or more affiliates achieve
significant profits on their trading for proprietary or other accounts. The opposite result is also possible. The investment activities
of one or more Advisor affiliates for their proprietary accounts and accounts under their management may also limit the investment opportunities
for the Fund in certain markets.
The
Advisors may determine that the Fund should invest on a side-by-side basis with one or more Other Managed Funds. In certain circumstances,
negotiated co-investments may be made only in accordance with the terms of the exemptive order Ares received from the SEC (the “Order”).
Co-investments made under the Order are subject to compliance with the conditions and other requirements contained in the Order, which
could limit the Fund’s ability to participate in a co-investment transaction.
In
the event investment opportunities are allocated among the Fund and Other Managed Funds, the Fund may not be able to structure its investment
portfolio in the manner desired. Although the Advisors endeavor to allocate investment opportunities in a fair and equitable manner, the
Fund is not generally permitted to co-invest in any portfolio company in which a fund managed by Ares or any of its downstream affiliates
(other than the Fund and its downstream affiliates) currently has an investment. However, the Fund may co-invest with funds managed by
Ares or any of its downstream affiliates, subject to compliance with existing regulatory guidance, applicable regulations and its allocation
procedures.
From
time to time, the Fund and the Other Managed Funds may make investments at different levels of an issuer’s capital structure or
otherwise in different classes of an issuer’s securities. Such investments inherently give rise to conflicts of interest or perceived
conflicts of interest between or among the various classes of securities that may be held by such entities.
The
Advisors, their affiliates and their clients may pursue or enforce rights with respect to an issuer in which the Fund has invested, and
those activities may have an adverse effect on the Fund. As a result, prices, availability, liquidity and terms of the Fund’s investments
may be negatively impacted by the activities of the Advisors and their affiliates or their clients, and transactions for the Fund may
be impaired or effected at prices or terms that may be less favorable than would otherwise have been the case.
The
Advisors may enter into transactions and invest in securities, instruments and currencies on behalf of the Fund in which customers of
its affiliates, to the extent permitted by applicable law, serve as the counterparty, principal or issuer. In such cases, such party’s
interests in the transaction would generally be adverse to the interests of the Fund, and such party would have no incentive to assure
that the Fund obtains the best possible prices or terms in connection with the transaction. In addition, the purchase, holding and sale
of such investments by the Fund may enhance the profitability of the Advisors or their affiliates. One or more affiliates may also create,
write or issue Derivatives for their customers, the underlying securities, currencies or instruments of which may be those in which the
Fund invests or which
may
be based on the performance of the Fund. The Fund may, subject to applicable law, purchase investments that are the subject of an underwriting
or other distribution by one or more Advisor affiliates and may also enter into transactions with other clients of an affiliate where
such other clients have interests adverse to those of the Fund.
The
Fund will be required to establish business relationships with its counterparties based on the Fund’s own credit standing. Neither
the Advisors nor any of their affiliates will have any obligation to allow its credit to be used in connection with the Fund’s establishment
of its business relationships, nor is it expected that the Fund’s counterparties will rely on the credit of the Advisors or their
affiliates in evaluating the Fund’s creditworthiness.
The
Advisors are paid a fee based on a percentage of the Fund’s Managed Assets. The participation of the Advisors’ investment
professionals in the valuation process therefore results in a conflict of interest. The Advisors also have a conflict of interest in deciding
whether to cause the Fund to incur leverage or to invest in more speculative investments or financial instruments, which increase the
assets or the yield of the Fund and, accordingly, the Management Fees or Incentive Fees received by the Advisors. Certain other Ares-advised
funds pay the Advisors or their affiliates performance-based compensation, which could create an incentive for the Advisors or affiliate
to favor such investment fund or account over the Fund.
By
reason of the various activities of the Advisors and their affiliates, the Advisors and such affiliates may acquire confidential or material
non-public information or otherwise be restricted from purchasing certain potential Fund investments that otherwise might have been purchased
or be restricted from selling certain Fund investments that might otherwise have been sold at the time.
The
Advisors have adopted policies and procedures designed to prevent conflicts of interest from influencing proxy voting decisions made on
behalf of advisory clients, including the Fund, and to help ensure that such decisions are made in accordance with its fiduciary obligations
to clients. Nevertheless, notwithstanding such proxy voting policies and procedures, actual proxy voting decisions may have the effect
of favoring the interests of other clients, provided that the Advisors believe such voting decisions to be in accordance with its fiduciary
obligations.
SHARE
REPURCHASE PROGRAM
The
Fund does not currently intend to list its Shares on any securities exchange and does not expect any secondary market for them to develop
in the foreseeable future. Therefore, Shareholders should expect that they will be unable to sell their Shares for an indefinite time
or at a desired price. No Shareholder will have the right to require the Fund to repurchase such Shareholder’s Shares or any portion
thereof. Shareholders may not transfer their investment from the Fund to any other registered investment company. Because no public market
exists for the Shares, and none is expected to develop in the foreseeable future, Shareholders will not be able to liquidate their investment,
other than through the Fund’s share repurchase program, or, in limited circumstances, as a result of transfers of Shares to other
investors.
To
provide Shareholders with limited liquidity, the Fund is structured as an “interval fund” and intends to conduct quarterly
offers to repurchase between 5% and 25% of its outstanding Shares at NAV, pursuant to Rule 23c-3 under the 1940 Act, unless such
offer is suspended or postponed in accordance with regulatory requirements (as discussed below). In connection with any given repurchase
offer, it is expected the Fund will offer to repurchase only the minimum amount of 5% of its outstanding Shares. Additionally, in connection
with the Fund’s issuance of the MRP Shares, if a quarterly repurchase of Shares would cause the Fund to be below certain asset coverage
limits or if the Fund fails to satisfy certain other requirements, such quarterly repurchase offer of Shares shall not exceed 5% of the
outstanding Shares. See “Description of Capital Structure — MRP Shares” for additional information.
Quarterly
repurchases occur in the months of March, June, September and December. The offer to purchase Shares is a fundamental policy that
may not be changed without the vote of the holders of a majority of the Fund’s outstanding voting securities (as defined in the
1940 Act). The Repurchase Offer Notice is sent to Shareholders at least 21 calendar days before the Repurchase Request Deadline. The Fund
expects to determine the NAV applicable to repurchases on the Repurchase Request Deadline. However, the NAV will be calculated no later
than the Repurchase Pricing Date. The Fund expects to distribute payment to Shareholders between one and three business days after the
Repurchase Pricing Date and will distribute such payment no later than seven calendar days after such Date. The Fund’s Shares are
not listed on any securities exchange, and the Fund anticipates that no secondary market will develop for its Shares. Accordingly, you
may not be able to sell Shares when and/or in the amount that you desire. Thus, the Shares are appropriate only as a long-term investment.
In addition, the Fund’s repurchase offers may subject the Fund and Shareholders to special risks.
Determination
of Repurchase Offer Amount
The
Board, or a committee thereof, in its sole discretion, will determine the number of Shares that the Fund will offer to repurchase (the
“Repurchase Offer Amount”) for a given Repurchase Request Deadline. The Repurchase Offer Amount, however, will be no less
than 5% and no more than 25% of the total number of Shares outstanding on the Repurchase Request Deadline.
If
Shareholders tender for repurchase more than the Repurchase Offer Amount for a given repurchase offer, the Fund will repurchase the Shares
on a pro rata basis. However, the Fund may accept all Shares tendered for repurchase by Shareholders who own less than one hundred
Shares and who tender all of their Shares, before prorating other amounts tendered.
Notice
to Shareholders
No
less than 21 days and more than 42 days before each Repurchase Request Deadline, the Fund shall send to each Shareholder of
record and to each beneficial owner of the Shares that are the subject of the repurchase offer a notification (“Shareholder Notification”).
The Shareholder Notification will contain information Shareholders should consider in deciding whether to tender their Shares for repurchase.
The Shareholder Notification also will include detailed instructions on how to tender Shares for repurchase, state the Repurchase Offer
Amount and identify the dates of the Repurchase Request Deadline, the scheduled Repurchase Pricing Date, and the date the repurchase proceeds
are scheduled for payment (the “Repurchase Payment Deadline”). The Shareholder Notification also will set forth the NAV that
has been computed no more than seven days before the date of notification, and how Shareholders may ascertain the NAV after the notification
date.
Repurchase
Price
The
repurchase price of the Shares will be the NAV of the Share class as of the close of regular trading on the NYSE on the Repurchase Pricing
Date. You may call 888-729-4266 to learn the NAV. The Shareholder Notification also will provide information concerning the NAV, such
as the NAV as of a recent date or a sampling of recent NAVs, and a toll-free number for information regarding the repurchase offer.
Repurchase
Amounts and Payment of Proceeds
Shares
tendered for repurchase by Shareholders prior to any Repurchase Request Deadline will be repurchased subject to the aggregate Repurchase
Offer Amount established for that Repurchase Request Deadline. Payment pursuant to the repurchase offer will be made by check to the Shareholder’s
address of record, or credited directly to a predetermined bank account on the Purchase Payment Date, which will be no more than seven
days after the Repurchase Pricing Date. The Board may establish other policies for repurchases of shares that are consistent with the
1940 Act, regulations thereunder and other pertinent laws.
If
Shareholders tender for repurchase more than the Repurchase Offer Amount for a given repurchase offer, the Fund may, but is not required
to, repurchase an additional amount of Shares not to exceed 2.00% of the outstanding Shares of the Fund on the Repurchase Request Deadline.
If the Fund determines not to repurchase more than the Repurchase Offer Amount, or if Shareholders tender shares in an amount exceeding
the Repurchase Offer Amount plus 2.00% of the outstanding Shares on the Repurchase Request Deadline, the Fund will repurchase the Shares
on a pro rata basis. However, the Fund may accept all Shares tendered for repurchase by Shareholders who own less than one hundred
Shares and who tender all of their Shares, before prorating other amounts tendered.
With
respect to any required minimum distributions from an IRA or other qualified retirement plan, it is the obligation of the Shareholder
to determine the amount of any such required minimum distribution and to otherwise satisfy the required minimum. In the event that Shareholders
tender for repurchase more than the Repurchase Offer Amount for a given repurchase offer, the Fund will repurchase the shares on a pro rata
basis, which may result in the Fund not honoring the full amount of a required minimum distribution requested by a Shareholder.
DESCRIPTION
OF CAPITAL STRUCTURE
The
following description is based on relevant portions of the Delaware Statutory Trust Act, as amended, and on the Declaration of Trust and
bylaws. This summary is not intended to be complete. Please refer to the Delaware Statutory Trust Act, as amended, and the Declaration
of Trust and bylaws, copies of which have been filed as exhibits to the registration statement of which this prospectus forms a part,
for a more detailed description of the provisions summarized below.
Shares
of Beneficial Interest
The
Declaration of Trust authorizes the Fund’s issuance of an unlimited number of common shares of beneficial interest of each class,
par value $0.001 per share. There is currently no market for Shares and the Fund does not expect that a market for Shares will develop
in the foreseeable future. Pursuant to the Declaration of Trust and as permitted by Delaware law, Shareholders are entitled to the same
limitation of personal liability extended to stockholders of private corporations organized for profit under the General Corporation Law
of the State of Delaware, as amended (the “DGCL”), and therefore generally will not be personally liable for the Fund’s
debts or obligations.
Shares
Under
the terms of the Declaration of Trust, all Shares, when consideration for Shares is received by the Fund, will be fully paid and nonassessable.
Distributions may be paid to Shareholders if, as and when authorized and declared by the Board. Shares will have no preference, preemptive,
appraisal, conversion or redemption rights, and will be freely transferable, except where their transfer is restricted by law or contract.
The Declaration of Trust provides that the Board shall have the power to repurchase or redeem Shares and provide Shareholders with the
right to exchange Shares of any class for Shares of one or more other classes in the manner and on the terms described herein. In the
event of the Fund’s dissolution, after the Fund pays or adequately provides for the payment of all claims and obligations of the
Fund, and upon the receipt of such releases, indemnities and refunding agreements deemed necessary by the Board, each Share will be entitled
to receive, according to its respective rights, a pro rata portion of the Fund’s assets available for distribution for the
applicable class, subject to any preferential rights of holders of the Fund’s outstanding Preferred Shares, if any. Each whole Share
will be entitled to one vote as to any matter on which it is entitled to vote and each fractional Share will be entitled to a proportionate
fractional vote. However, to the extent required by the 1940 Act or otherwise determined by the Board, classes of the Fund will vote separately
from each other. Shareholders shall be entitled to vote on all matters on which a vote of Shareholders is required by the 1940 Act, the
Declaration of Trust or a resolution of the Board. There will be no cumulative voting in the election or removal of Trustees. Under the
Declaration of Trust, the Fund is not required to hold annual meetings of Shareholders. The Fund only expects to hold Shareholder meetings
to the extent required by the 1940 Act or pursuant to special meetings called by the Board or a majority of Shareholders.
Preferred
Shares and Other Securities
The
Declaration of Trust provides that the Board may, subject to the Fund’s investment policies and restrictions and the requirements
of the 1940 Act, authorize and cause the Fund to issue securities of the Fund other than Shares (including Preferred Shares, debt securities
or other senior securities), by action of the Board without the approval of Shareholders. The Board may determine the terms, rights, preferences,
privileges, limitations and restrictions of such securities as the Board sees fit.
Preferred
Shares could be issued with rights and preferences that would adversely affect Shareholders. Preferred Shares could also be used as an
anti-takeover device. Every issuance of Preferred Shares will be required to comply with the requirements of the 1940 Act. The 1940 Act
requires, among other things, that (i) immediately after issuance of Preferred Shares and before any distribution is made with respect
to the Shares and before any purchase of Shares is made, the aggregate involuntary liquidation preference of such Preferred Shares together
with the aggregate involuntary liquidation preference or aggregate value of all other senior securities must not exceed an amount equal
to 50% of the Fund’s total assets after deducting the amount of such distribution or purchase price, as the case may be; and (ii) the
holders of Preferred
Shares,
if any are issued, must be entitled as a class to elect two Trustees at all times and to elect a majority of the Trustees if distributions
on such Preferred Shares are in arrears by two years or more. Certain matters under the 1940 Act require the separate vote of the
holders of any issued and outstanding Preferred Shares.
MRP
Shares
On
July 30, 2021, the Fund issued 2,400,000 Series A Mandatory Redeemable Preferred Shares (“Series A MRP Shares”).
On September 30, 2021, the Fund issued 3,600,000 Series B Mandatory Redeemable Preferred Shares (“Series B MRP Shares”)
and 6,000,000 Series C Mandatory Redeemable Preferred Shares (“Series C MRP Shares”). On January 6, 2022, the
Fund issued 2,200,000 Series D Mandatory Redeemable Preferred Shares (“Series D MRP Shares”) and 2,600,000 Series E
Mandatory Redeemable Preferred Shares (“Series E MRP Shares”). Certain rights, terms and conditions of the MRP Shares
are summarized below:
Priority. Each
holder of MRP Shares is entitled to a liquidation preference of $25.00 per share (the “Liquidation Value”), plus additional
amounts described under “Liquidation” below. With respect to distributions, including the payment of dividends and distribution
of the Fund’s assets upon dissolution, liquidation or winding up, the MRP Shares are senior to all other classes and series of common
shares of beneficial interest and rank on parity with any other Preferred Shares. Holders of the MRP Shares will not, however, participate
in any appreciation in the value of the Fund. The consent of the holders of the outstanding Preferred Shares is not required to authorize
or issue any class or series of Preferred Shares ranking on parity with the MRP Shares.
Dividends. The
holders of MRP Shares are entitled to receive quarterly cumulative cash dividends, when, as and if authorized by the Board and declared
by the Fund, out of funds legally available therefor, at the rate per annum equal to the Applicable Rate, as defined below, with certain
adjustments for changes in a series’ rating, and no more, of the Liquidation Value, payable quarterly, beginning on the initial
dividend payment date of November 1, 2021 for the Series A MRP Shares, February 1, 2022 for the Series B MRP Shares
and Series C MRP Shares, and April 7, 2022 for the Series D MRP Shares and Series E MRP Shares. For Series A
MRP Shares, Series B MRP Shares and Series C MRP Shares, dividends will then be payable on the first business day of the month
next following each of the following dates: 31st
day of each January, the 30th
day of each April, the 31st
day of each July and the 31st
day of each October. For Series D MRP Shares and Series E MRP Shares, dividends will then be payable on the first business day
of the month next following each of the following dates: 6th
day of each January, the 6th
day of each April, the 6th
day of each July and the 6th
day of each October. Dividends on MRP Shares accumulate from and including the original issue date.
Each
dividend on MRP Shares will be paid on the dividend payment date therefor to the holders as their names appear on the share ledger or
share records of the Fund at the close of business on the fifth day prior to the quarterly dividend date (or if such day is not a business
day, the next preceding business day). Dividends in arrears for any past dividend period may be declared and paid at any time, without
reference to any regular dividend payment date, to the holders as their names appear on the share ledger or share records of the Fund
at the close of business on a date, not exceeding five days preceding the payment date thereof, as may be fixed by the Board. No interest
will be payable in respect of any dividend payment or payments which may be in arrears; provided, however, that the dividend rate may
be increased in such circumstances.
So
long the rating of each series of the MRP Shares remains the same, the dividend rate on the MRP Shares will be 2.68% for Series A
MRP Shares, 2.68% for Series B MRP Shares, 3.07% for Series C MRP Shares, 2.96% for Series D MRP Shares and 3.48% for Series E
MRP Shares (collectively, the “Applicable Rate”).
Voting. Except
for matters which do not require the vote of holders of MRP Shares under the 1940 Act and except as otherwise provided in the Declaration
of Trust or bylaws, or as otherwise required by applicable law, each holder of MRP Shares shall be entitled to one vote for each MRP Share
held on each matter submitted to a vote of shareholders of the Fund, and holders of outstanding Preferred Shares and Shares shall vote
together as a single class on all matters submitted to shareholders; provided, however, that
the
holders of outstanding Preferred Shares shall be entitled, as a class, to the exclusion of the holders of shares of all other classes
of beneficial interests of the Fund, to elect two Trustees of the Fund at all times. In addition, the holders of the outstanding Preferred
Shares and Shares, voting together as a single class, shall elect the balance of the Trustees; however, the number of Trustees constituting
the Board shall automatically increase by the smallest number that, when added to the two Trustees elected exclusively by the holders
of outstanding Preferred Shares would constitute a majority of the Board as so increased by such smallest number, and the holders of Preferred
Shares shall be entitled, voting as a class on a one vote per share basis (to the exclusion of the holders of all other securities and
classes of shares of the Fund), to elect such smallest number of additional Trustees, together with the two Trustees that such holders
are in any event entitled to elect if: (i) at the close of business on any dividend payment date accumulated dividends (whether or
not earned or declared) on Preferred Shares equal to at least two full years’ dividends shall be due and unpaid; or (ii) if
at any time holders of any shares of Preferred Shares are entitled under the 1940 Act, to elect a majority of the Trustees of the Fund.
Notwithstanding
the foregoing, the affirmative vote of the holders of a majority of the outstanding Preferred Shares, voting as a separate class, and
a majority of the MRP Shares, voting as a separate class, both determined with reference to a “majority of outstanding voting securities”
as that term is defined in Section 2(a)(42) of the 1940 Act, shall be required to create, authorize or issue shares of any class
or series of beneficial interests ranking senior to the Preferred Shares with respect to the payment of dividends or the distribution
of assets, or any securities convertible into, or warrants, options or similar rights to purchase, acquire or receive, such shares of
beneficial interests ranking senior to the Preferred Shares or reclassify any authorized shares of beneficial interests of the Fund into
any shares ranking senior to the Preferred Shares. In addition, the affirmative vote of the holders of a majority of the outstanding Preferred
Shares determined with reference to a “majority of outstanding voting securities” as that term is defined in Section 2(a)(42)
of the 1940 Act, voting as a separate class, shall be required to (i) amend, alter or repeal (including by merger, consolidation
or otherwise) any of the preferences, rights or powers of such class of Preferred Shares so as to adversely affect such preferences, rights
or powers and will not amend any provision of the Declaration of Trust or bylaws in a manner which would restrict or limit the ability
of the Fund to comply with the terms and provisions of the Securities Purchase Agreement; (ii) amend, alter or repeal (including
by merger, consolidation or otherwise) any of the provisions of the Declaration of Trust or bylaws if such amendment, alteration or repeal
would adversely affect any privilege, preference, right or power of the MRP Shares or the holders thereof; and (iii) approve any
plan of reorganization (as such term is used in the 1940 Act) adversely affecting such shares or any action requiring a vote of security
holders of the Fund under Section 13(a) of the 1940 Act.
Redemption. The
outstanding shares of MRP Shares are subject to redemption at any time by notice of such redemption on a date selected by the Fund for
such redemption (the “Redemption Date”). If the Fund elects to cause the redemption of the MRP Shares, each MRP Share will
be redeemed for a price equal to 100% of such share’s Liquidation Value, plus an amount equal to accumulated but unpaid dividends
and other distributions on the MRP Shares (whether or not earned or declared by the Fund, but excluding interest thereon), to, but excluding,
the Redemption Date, plus the amount equal to the excess, if any, of the discounted value of the remaining scheduled payments with respect
to the Liquidation Value of such MRP Share over the amount of such Liquidation Value; provided, however, the Fund may, at its option (i) redeem
the Series A MRP Shares within 90 days prior to July 30, 2026 (the “Series A Term Redemption Date”), (ii) redeem
the Series B MRP Shares within 90 days prior to September 30, 2026 (the “Series B Term Redemption Date”),
(ii) redeem the Series C MRP Shares within 90 days prior to September 30, 2026 (the “Series C Term Redemption
Date”), (ii) redeem the Series D MRP Shares within 90 days prior to January 6, 2027 (the “Series D Term
Redemption Date”), (ii) redeem the Series E MRP Shares within 90 days prior to January 6, 2032 (the “Series E
Term Redemption Date” and collectively with Series A Term Redemption Date, Series B Term Redemption Date, Series C
Term Redemption Date and Series D Term Redemption Date, the “Term Redemption Dates”), each at the Liquidation Value plus
accumulated but unpaid dividends and distributions thereon (whether or not earned or declared by the Fund, but excluding interest thereon)
to, but excluding the Redemption Date.
If
the asset coverage, as determined in accordance with Section 18(h) of the 1940 Act, is less than or equal to 235% for any five business
days within a ten business day period, determined on the basis of values calculated as of a time within 48 hours (not including Sundays
or holidays) next preceding the time of such
determination
within the ten business day period, the Fund, upon not less than 12 days’ nor more than 40 days’ notice, may redeem
the MRP Shares at the Liquidation Value plus accumulated but unpaid dividends and distributions thereon (whether or not earned or declared
by the Fund, but excluding interest thereon) to, but excluding, the date fixed for redemption, plus a redemption amount equal to 2% of
the Liquidation Value; the amount of MRP Shares that may be redeemed under this provision shall not exceed an amount of MRP Shares which
results in asset coverage of more than 250% pro forma for such redemption, determined on the basis of values calculated as of a time
within 48 hours (not including Sundays or holidays) next preceding the time of such determination.
If
the Fund fails to maintain asset coverage of at least 225%, determined on the basis of values calculated as of a time within 48 hours
(not including Sundays or holidays) next preceding the time of such determination, the Fund shall redeem the number of MRP Shares provided
below at the Liquidation Value plus an amount equal to accumulated but unpaid dividends and distributions thereon (whether or not earned
or declared by the Fund, but excluding interest thereon) to, but excluding, the date fixed for redemption, plus a redemption amount equal
to 1% of the Liquidation Value. The number of MRP Shares to be redeemed upon the Fund’s failure to maintain asset coverage of 225%
on any valuation date will be equal to the product of (1) the quotient of the number of MRP Shares divided by the aggregate number
of outstanding Preferred Shares which have an asset coverage test greater than or equal to 225% and (2) the minimum number of outstanding
shares of Preferred Shares the redemption of which would result in the Fund having asset coverage of 225% as of a date that is no more
than 30 days after the date the Fund failed to maintain asset coverage of 225% (provided that, if there is no such number of MRP
Shares the redemption of which would have such result, the Fund shall redeem all MRP Shares then outstanding). The Fund shall effect any
such redemption no later than 40 calendar days after the date the Fund failed to maintain asset coverage of 225%, except for in certain
circumstances. Notwithstanding the foregoing, if the Fund satisfies asset coverage of at least 225% as of a date that is no more than
30 days after the date the Fund failed to maintain asset coverage of 225% before taking into account any redemptions of Preferred
Shares, the Fund shall not be obligated to redeem any shares of Preferred Shares under this provision.
The
Fund shall redeem all outstanding Series A MRP Shares, Series B MRP Shares, Series C MRP Shares, Series D MRP Shares
and Series E MRP Shares on the respective Term Redemption Dates at the Liquidation Value plus an amount equal to accumulated but
unpaid dividends and distributions thereon (whether or not earned or declared by the Fund, but excluding interest thereon), to, but excluding,
the respective Term Redemption Dates.
Subject
to certain conditions, no MRP Shares may be redeemed unless all dividends in arrears on the MRP Shares and all shares of beneficial interests
of the Fund ranking on a parity with the MRP Shares with respect to payment of dividends or upon liquidation have been or are being contemporaneously
paid or set apart for payment; provided, however, that the foregoing shall not prevent the purchase or acquisition by the Fund of all
MRP Shares pursuant to the successful completion of an otherwise lawful purchase, tender or exchange offer made on the same terms to,
and accepted by, Holders of all MRP Shares.
Liquidation. Upon
the dissolution, liquidation or winding up of the affairs of the Fund, whether voluntary or involuntary, the holders of MRP Shares then
outstanding, together with holders of shares of any Preferred Shares ranking on a parity with the MRP Shares upon dissolution, liquidation
or winding up, shall be entitled to receive and to be paid out of the assets of the Fund (or the proceeds thereof) available for distribution
to its shareholders after satisfaction of claims of creditors of the Fund, but before any distribution or payment shall be made in respect
of the Shares, an amount equal to the liquidation preference with respect to such shares. The liquidation preference for MRP Shares shall
be $25.00 per share, plus an amount equal to all accumulated and unpaid dividends thereon (whether or not earned or declared but without
interest) to the date payment of such distribution is made in full. No redemption premium shall be paid upon any liquidation even if such
redemption premium would be paid upon optional or mandatory redemption of the relevant shares. If, upon any liquidation, dissolution or
winding up of the affairs of the Fund, whether voluntary or involuntary, the assets of the Fund available for distribution among the holders
of all outstanding shares of Preferred Shares shall be insufficient to permit the payment in full to holders of the amounts to which they
are entitled, then the available assets shall be distributed among the holders of all outstanding shares of Preferred Shares ratably in
any distribution of assets according to the respective amounts which would be payable on all the shares if all amounts thereon were paid
in full.
Upon
the dissolution, liquidation or winding up of the affairs of the Fund, whether voluntary or involuntary, until payment in full is made
to the holders of MRP Shares of the liquidation distribution to which they are entitled, (1) no dividend or other distribution shall
be made to Shareholders or any other class or series of shares of beneficial interests of the Fund ranking junior to MRP Shares upon dissolution,
liquidation or winding up and (2) no purchase, redemption or other acquisition for any consideration by the Fund shall be made in
respect of the Shares or any other class of shares of beneficial interests of the Fund ranking junior to MRP Shares upon dissolution,
liquidation or winding up. A consolidation, reorganization or merger of the Fund with or into any company, trust or other legal entity,
or a sale, lease or exchange of all or substantially all of the assets of the Fund in consideration for the issuance of equity securities
of another company, trust of other legal entity shall not be deemed to be a liquidation, dissolution or winding up, whether voluntary
or involuntary, for the purposes of these provisions.
Conversion. The
MRP Shares are not convertible into any other class or series of shares.
Transfer
restrictions. The MRP Shares are “restricted securities” for purposes
of the 1933 Act. Accordingly, the MRP Shares may not be offered, sold, transferred or delivered, directly or indirectly, unless (i) such
shares are registered under the 1933 Act and any other applicable state securities laws, or (ii) an exemption from registration under
the 1933 Act and any other applicable state securities laws is available.
Other
Matters. For so long as the MRP Shares are outstanding, the Fund will not declare,
pay or set apart for payment any dividend or other distribution (other than a dividend or distribution paid in shares of, or options,
warrants or rights to subscribe for or purchase, Shares or other shares of beneficial interests, if any, ranking junior to the MRP Shares
as to dividends or upon liquidation) with respect to Shares or any other shares of the Fund ranking junior to or on a parity with the
MRP Shares as to dividends or upon liquidation, or call for redemption, redeem, purchase or otherwise acquire for consideration any Shares
or any other such junior shares (except by conversion into or exchange for shares of the Fund ranking junior to the MRP Shares as to dividends
and upon liquidation) or any such parity shares (except by conversion into or exchange for shares of the Fund ranking junior to or on
a parity with the MRP Shares as to dividends and upon liquidation), unless (1) immediately after such transaction asset coverage
of 225% would be achieved, (2) full cumulative dividends on the MRP Shares due on or prior to the date of the transaction have been
declared and paid, and (3) the Fund has redeemed the full number of MRP Shares required to be redeemed by any provision for mandatory
redemption ((1), (2) and (3) are together the “Requirements”). Notwithstanding the foregoing, the Fund shall not,
at any time, be prohibited or otherwise restricted in its ability to call for redemption, redeem, purchase or otherwise acquire for consideration
its Shares pursuant to its fundamental policy to make quarterly repurchase offers pursuant to Rule 23c-3 of the 1940 Act for between
5% and 25% of the Shares outstanding at net asset value (the “Repurchase Policy”); provided, however, if (i) a quarterly
repurchase of Shares pursuant to the Repurchase Policy and/or Rule 23c-3 of the 1940 Act would cause the Fund to be below asset coverage
of 225% or (ii) the Fund has failed to satisfy (and continues to fail to satisfy) the Requirements and the Fund is required to make
a quarterly repurchase offer of Shares pursuant to the Repurchase Policy and/or Rule 23c-3 of the 1940 Act before the Requirements
are satisfied, such quarterly repurchase offer of Shares shall not exceed 5% of the Shares outstanding, at a price equal to the Fund’s
net asset value (as may be determined in accordance with its valuation policies and procedures) as of the “repurchase pricing date,”
as such term is defined in Rule 23c-3 and as set forth in the applicable repurchase offer documents. Subject to the certain conditions,
the Board may, in the future, authorize the issuance of additional Preferred Shares with the same preferences, rights, voting powers,
restrictions, limitations as to dividends and other distributions, qualifications and terms and conditions of redemption and other terms
applicable to the MRP Shares, except that the initial dividend period, the applicable rate for the initial dividend period and the initial
dividend payment date shall be as set forth in the Supplement to the Declaration of Trust relating to such additional Preferred Shares.
Outstanding
Securities
The
following table shows, for each class of authorized securities of the Fund, the amount of (i) shares authorized and (ii) shares
outstanding, each as of April 21, 2023:
Class
|
|
|
(1) Amount Authorized
|
|
|
(2) Amount
Held by the Fund for its Account |
|
|
(3) Amount
Outstanding Exclusive of Amount Shown Under(2)
|
|
Common
Shares |
|
|
Unlimited
|
|
|
|
|
0 |
|
|
|
|
|
102,578,359 |
|
|
Series A
Mandatory Redeemable Preferred Shares |
|
|
|
|
2,400,000 |
|
|
|
|
|
0 |
|
|
|
|
|
2,400,000 |
|
|
Series B
Mandatory Redeemable Preferred Shares |
|
|
|
|
3,600,000 |
|
|
|
|
|
0 |
|
|
|
|
|
3,600,000 |
|
|
Series C
Mandatory Redeemable Preferred Shares |
|
|
|
|
6,000,000 |
|
|
|
|
|
0 |
|
|
|
|
|
6,000,000 |
|
|
Series D
Mandatory Redeemable Preferred Shares |
|
|
|
|
2,200,000 |
|
|
|
|
|
0 |
|
|
|
|
|
2,200,000 |
|
|
Series E
Mandatory Redeemable Preferred Shares |
|
|
|
|
2,600,000 |
|
|
|
|
|
0 |
|
|
|
|
|
2,600,000 |
|
|
Limitation
on Liability of Trustees and Officers; Indemnification and Advance of Expenses
Pursuant
to the Declaration of Trust, Trustees and officers of the Fund will not be subject in such capacity to any personal liability to the Fund
or Shareholders, unless the liability arises from bad faith, willful misfeasance, gross negligence or reckless disregard for the Trustee’s
or officer’s duty.
Except
as otherwise provided in the Declaration of Trust, the Fund will indemnify and hold harmless any current or former Trustee or officer
of the Fund against any liabilities and expenses (including reasonable attorneys’ fees relating to the defense or disposition of
any action, suit or proceeding with which such person is involved or threatened), while and with respect to acting in the capacity of
a Trustee or officer of the Fund, except with respect to matters in which such person did not act in good faith in the reasonable belief
that his or her action was in the best interest of the Fund, or in the case of a criminal proceeding, matters for which such person had
reasonable cause to believe that his or her conduct was unlawful. In accordance with the 1940 Act, the Fund will not indemnify any Trustee
or officer for any liability to which such person would be subject by reason of his or her willful misfeasance, bad faith, gross negligence
or reckless disregard of the duties of his or her position. The Fund will provide indemnification to Trustees and officers prior to a
final determination regarding entitlement to indemnification as described in the Declaration of Trust.
The
Fund has entered into the Investment Advisory Agreement with CAM and the Investment Sub-Advisory Agreement with Ares Capital. The Investment
Advisory Agreement and the Investment Sub-Advisory Agreement provide that, in the absence of willful misfeasance, bad faith, gross negligence
or reckless disregard for its obligations and duties thereunder, the Advisors are not liable for any error of judgment or mistake of law
or for any loss the Fund suffers.
Pursuant
to the Declaration of Trust, the Fund will advance the expenses of defending any action for which indemnification is sought if the Fund
receives a written undertaking by the indemnitee which provides that the indemnitee will reimburse the Fund unless it is subsequently
determined that the indemnitee is entitled to such indemnification.
Number
of Trustees; Appointment of Trustees; Vacancies; Removal
The
Declaration of Trust provides that the number of Trustees shall be no less than one and no more than 15, as determined in writing by a
majority of the Trustees then in office. As set forth in the Declaration of Trust, a Trustee’s term of office shall continue until
his or her death, resignation or removal. Subject to the provisions of the 1940 Act, individuals may be appointed by the Trustees at any
time to fill vacancies on the Board by the appointment of such persons by a majority of the Trustees then in office. Each Trustee shall
hold office until his or her successor shall have been appointed pursuant to the Declaration of Trust. To the extent that the 1940 Act
requires that Trustees be elected by Shareholders, any such Trustees will be elected by a plurality of all Shares voted at a meeting of
Shareholders at which a quorum is present.
The
Declaration of Trust provides that any Trustee may be removed (provided that after the removal the aggregate number of Trustees is not
less than the minimum required by the Declaration of Trust) (i) with cause, by at least two-thirds (66 2/3%) of the remaining Trustees;
or (ii) without cause, by all of the remaining Trustees.
Action
by Shareholders
The
Declaration of Trust provides that Shareholder action can be taken only at a meeting of Shareholders or by unanimous written consent in
lieu of a meeting. Subject to the 1940 Act, the Declaration of Trust or a resolution of the Board specifying a greater or lesser vote
requirement, the affirmative vote of a majority of Shares present in person or represented by proxy at a meeting and entitled to vote
on the subject matter shall be the act of the Shareholders with respect to any matter submitted to a vote of the Shareholders.
Amendment
of Declaration of Trust and Bylaws
Subject
to the provisions of the 1940 Act, pursuant to the Declaration of Trust, the Board may amend the Declaration of Trust without any vote
of Shareholders. Pursuant to the Declaration of Trust and bylaws, the Board has the exclusive power to amend or repeal the bylaws or adopt
new bylaws at any time.
No
Appraisal Rights
In
certain extraordinary transactions, some jurisdictions provide the right to dissenting Shareholders to demand and receive the fair value
of their Shares, subject to certain procedures and requirements set forth in such statute. Those rights are commonly referred to as appraisal
rights. The Declaration of Trust provides that Shares shall not entitle Shareholders to appraisal rights.
Conflict
with Applicable Laws and Regulations
The
Declaration of Trust provides that if and to the extent that any provision of the Declaration of Trust conflicts with any provision of
the 1940 Act, the provisions under the Code applicable to the Fund as a RIC or other applicable laws and regulations, the conflicting
provision shall be deemed never to have constituted a part of the Declaration of Trust; provided, however, that such determination shall
not affect any of the remaining provisions of the Declaration of Trust or affect the validity of any action taken or omitted to be taken
prior to such determination.
TAX
ASPECTS
The
following is a general summary of certain material U.S. federal income tax considerations applicable to the Fund and an investment in
the Fund. The discussion below provides general tax information related to an investment in the Fund, but does not purport to be a complete
description of the U.S. federal income tax consequences of an investment in the Fund and does not address any state, local, non-U.S. or
other tax consequences. It is based on the Code and U.S. Treasury regulations thereunder and administrative pronouncements, all as of
the date hereof, any of which is subject to change, possibly with retroactive effect. In addition, it does not describe all of the tax
consequences that may be relevant in light of a Shareholder’s particular circumstances, including (but not limited to) alternative
minimum tax consequences and tax consequences applicable to Shareholders subject to special tax rules, such as certain financial institutions;
dealers or traders in securities who use a mark-to-market method of tax accounting; persons holding Shares as part of a hedging transaction,
wash sale, conversion transaction or integrated transaction or persons entering into a constructive sale with respect to Shares; entities
classified as partnerships or other pass-through entities for U.S. federal income tax purposes; insurance companies; U.S. Shareholders
(as defined below) whose functional currency is not the U.S. dollar; or tax-exempt entities, including “individual retirement accounts”
or “Roth IRAs.” Unless otherwise noted, the following discussion applies only to a Shareholder that holds Shares as a capital
asset and is a U.S. Shareholder. A “U.S. Shareholder” generally is a beneficial owner of Shares who is for U.S. federal income
tax purposes:
•
an
individual who is a citizen or resident of the United States;
•
a
corporation, or other entity taxable as a corporation, created or organized in or under the laws of the United States, any state thereof
or the District of Columbia;
•
an
estate the income of which is subject to U.S. federal income taxation regardless of its source; or
•
a
trust if it (a) is subject to the primary supervision of a court within the United States and one or more U.S. persons have the authority
to control all substantial decisions of the trust or (b) has a valid election in effect under applicable U.S. Treasury regulations
to be treated as a U.S. person.
If
a partnership (including an entity treated as a partnership for U.S. federal income tax purposes) holds Shares, the tax treatment of a
partner in the partnership will generally depend upon the status of the partner and the activities of the partnership. A prospective Shareholder
that is a partner in a partnership holding Shares should consult his, her or its tax advisors with respect to the purchase, ownership
and disposition of Shares.
The
discussion set forth herein does not constitute tax advice. Tax laws are complex and often change, and Shareholders should consult their
tax advisors about the U.S. federal, state, local or non-U.S. tax consequences of an investment in the Fund.
Taxation
of the Fund
The
Fund has elected to be treated for U.S. federal income tax purposes, and intends to qualify annually, as a RIC under Subchapter M of the
Code. As a RIC, the Fund generally will not be subject to corporate-level U.S. federal income taxes on any ordinary income or capital
gains that it distributes as dividends to Shareholders. To qualify as a RIC in any tax year, the Fund must, among other things, satisfy
both a source of income test and asset diversification tests. The Fund will qualify as a RIC if (i) at least 90% of the Fund’s
gross income for such tax year consists of dividends; interest; payments with respect to certain securities loans; gains from the sale
or other disposition of shares, securities or foreign currencies; other income (including, but not limited to, gains from options, futures
or forward contracts) derived with respect to its business of investing in such shares, securities or currencies; and net income derived
from interests in “qualified publicly-traded partnerships” (such income, “Qualifying RIC Income”); and
(ii) the Fund’s holdings are diversified so that, at the end of each quarter of such tax year, (a) at least 50% of the
value of the Fund’s total assets is represented by cash and cash equivalents, securities of other RICs, U.S. government securities
and other securities, with such other securities limited, in respect of any one issuer, to an amount not greater than 5% of the value
of the Fund’s total assets and not greater than 10% of the outstanding voting securities of such issuer and (b) not more than
25% of the value of the Fund’s total assets is invested (x) in securities (other than U.S. government securities or securities
of other RICs) of any
one
issuer or of two or more issuers that the Fund controls and that are engaged in the same, similar or related trades or businesses or (y) in
the securities of one or more “qualified publicly-traded partnerships.” The Fund’s share of income derived from a partnership
other than a “qualified publicly-traded partnership” will be treated as Qualifying RIC Income only to the extent that such
income would have constituted Qualifying RIC Income if derived directly by the Fund. A “qualified publicly-traded partnership”
is generally defined as an entity that is treated as a partnership for U.S. federal income tax purposes if (1) interests in such
entity are traded on an established securities market or are readily tradable on a secondary market or the substantial equivalent thereof
and (2) less than 90% of its gross income for the relevant tax year consists of Qualifying RIC Income. The Code provides that the
Treasury Department may by regulation exclude from Qualifying RIC Income foreign currency gains that are not directly related to the RIC’s
principal business of investing in shares or securities (or options and futures with respect to shares or securities). The Fund anticipates
that, in general, its foreign currency gains will be directly related to its principal business of investing in shares and securities.
In
addition, to maintain RIC tax treatment, the Fund must distribute on a timely basis with respect to each tax year dividends of an amount
at least equal to 90% of the sum of its “investment company taxable income” and its net tax-exempt interest income, determined
without regard to any deduction for dividends paid, to Shareholders (the “90% distribution requirement”). If the Fund qualifies
as a RIC and satisfies the 90% distribution requirement, the Fund generally will not be subject to U.S. federal income tax on its “investment
company taxable income” and net capital gains (that is, the excess of net long-term capital gains over net short-term capital losses)
that it distributes as dividends to Shareholders (including amounts that are reinvested pursuant to the DRP). In general, a RIC’s
“investment company taxable income” for any tax year is its taxable income, determined without regard to net capital gains
and with certain other adjustments. The Fund intends to distribute all or substantially all of its “investment company taxable income,”
net tax-exempt interest income (if any) and net capital gains on an annual basis. Any taxable income, including any net capital gains
that the Fund does not distribute in a timely manner, will be subject to U.S. federal income tax at regular corporate rates.
If
the Fund retains any net capital gains for reinvestment, it may elect to treat such capital gains as having been distributed to Shareholders.
If the Fund makes such an election, each Shareholder will be required to report its share of such undistributed net capital gains attributed
to the Fund as long-term capital gain and will be entitled to claim its share of the U.S. federal income taxes paid by the Fund on such
undistributed net capital gains as a credit against its own U.S. federal income tax liability, if any, and to claim a refund on a properly-filed
U.S. federal income tax return to the extent that the credit exceeds such liability. In addition, each Shareholder will be entitled to
increase the adjusted tax basis of its Shares by the difference between its share of such undistributed net capital gain and the related
credit. There can be no assurance that the Fund will make this election if it retains all or a portion of its net capital gain for a tax
year.
As
a RIC, the Fund will be, subject to a nondeductible 4% federal excise tax on certain undistributed amounts for each calendar year (the
“4% excise tax”). To avoid the 4% excise tax, the Fund must distribute in respect of each calendar year dividends of an amount
at least equal to the sum of (1) 98% of its ordinary taxable income (taking into account certain deferrals and elections) for the
calendar year, (2) 98.2% of its capital gain net income (adjusted for certain ordinary losses) generally for the one-year period
ending on October 31 of the calendar year and (3) any ordinary income and capital gains for previous calendar years that were not
distributed during those calendar years. For purposes of determining whether the Fund has met this distribution requirement, the
Fund will be deemed to have distributed any income or gains previously subject to U.S. federal income tax. Furthermore, any distribution
declared by the Fund in October, November or December of any calendar year, payable to Shareholders, of record on a specified date in
such a month and actually paid during January of the following calendar year, will be treated for tax purposes as if it had been paid
on December 31 of the calendar year in which the distribution was declared. The Fund generally intends to avoid the imposition of
the 4% excise tax, but there can be no assurance in this regard.
If
the Fund fails to qualify as a RIC or fails to satisfy the 90% distribution requirement in respect of any tax year, the Fund would be
subject to U.S. federal income tax at regular corporate rates on its taxable income, including its net capital gains, even if such income
were distributed, and all distributions out of
earnings
and profits would be taxed as ordinary dividend income. Such distributions generally would be eligible for the dividends-received deduction
in the case of certain corporate Shareholders and may be eligible to be qualified dividend income in the case of certain non-corporate
Shareholders, in each case, subject to certain holding period and other requirements. In addition, the Fund could be required to recognize
unrealized gains, pay taxes and make distributions (any of which could be subject to interest charges) before re-qualifying for taxation
as a RIC. If the Fund fails to satisfy either the income test or asset diversification test described above, in certain cases, however,
the Fund may be able to avoid losing its status as a RIC by timely providing notice of such failure to the IRS, curing such failure and
possibly paying an additional tax or penalty.
Some
of the investments that the Fund is expected to make, such as investments in debt instruments having market discount and/or treated as
issued with OID, may cause the Fund to recognize income or gain for U.S. federal income tax purposes prior to the receipt of any corresponding
cash or other property. As a result, the Fund may have difficulty meeting the 90% distribution requirement necessary to maintain RIC tax
treatment. Because this income will be included in the Fund’s investment company taxable income for the tax year it is accrued,
the Fund may be required to make a distribution to Shareholders to meet the 90% distribution requirement described above, even though
the Fund will not have received any corresponding cash or property. The Fund may be required to borrow money, dispose of other securities
or forgo new investment opportunities for this purpose.
There
may be uncertainty as to the appropriate treatment of certain of the Fund’s investments for U.S. federal income tax purposes. In
particular, the Fund expects to invest a portion of its net assets in below investment grade instruments. U.S. federal income tax rules
with respect to such instruments are not entirely clear about issues such as whether and to what extent the Fund should recognize interest,
OID or market discount, when and to what extent deductions may be taken for bad debts or worthless instruments, how payments received
on obligations in default should be allocated between principal and income and whether exchanges of debt obligations in a bankruptcy or
workout context are taxable. These and other issues will be addressed by the Fund, to the extent necessary, in connection with the Fund’s
general intention to distribute sufficient income to qualify, and maintain its qualification to be subject to tax as a RIC and to minimize
the risk that it becomes subject to U.S. federal income or excise tax.
Income
received by the Fund from sources outside the United States may be subject to withholding and other taxes imposed by such countries, thereby
reducing income available to the Fund. Tax conventions between certain countries and the United States may reduce or eliminate such taxes.
The Fund generally intends to conduct its investment activities to minimize the impact of foreign taxation, but there is no guarantee
that the Fund will be successful in this regard. If more than 50% of the value of the Fund’s total assets at the close of its tax
year consists of securities of foreign corporations, the Fund will be eligible to elect to “pass-through” to the Shareholders
the foreign source amount of income deemed earned and the respective amount of foreign taxes paid by the Fund. If the Fund so elects,
each Shareholder would be required to include in gross income, even though not actually received, each Shareholder’s pro rata
share of the foreign taxes paid or deemed paid by the Fund, but would be treated as having paid its pro rata
share of such foreign taxes and would therefore be allowed to either deduct such amount in computing taxable income or use such amount
(subject to various limitations) as a foreign tax credit against federal income tax (but not both).
The
Fund may invest in shares of foreign companies that are classified under the Code as passive foreign investment companies (“PFICs”).
In general, a foreign company is considered a PFIC if at least 50% of its assets constitute investment-type assets or 75% or more of its
gross income is investment-type income. In general under the PFIC rules, an “excess distribution” received with respect to
PFIC shares is treated as having been realized ratably over the period during which the Fund held the PFIC shares. The Fund generally
will be subject to tax on the portion, if any, of the excess distribution that is allocated to the Fund’s holding period in prior
tax years (and an interest factor will be added to the tax, as if the tax had actually been payable in such prior tax years)
even though the Fund distributes the corresponding income to Shareholders. Excess distributions include any gain from the sale of PFIC
shares as well as certain distributions from a PFIC. All excess distributions are taxable as ordinary income.
The
Fund may be eligible to elect alternative tax treatment with respect to PFIC shares. Under one such election (i.e., a “QEF”
election), the Fund generally would be required to include in its gross income its
share
of the earnings of a PFIC on a current basis, regardless of whether any distributions are received from the PFIC. If this election is
made, the special rules, discussed above, relating to the taxation of excess distributions, would not apply. Furthermore, under U.S. Treasury
Regulations, certain income derived by the Fund from a PFIC with respect to which the Fund has made a QEF election would generally constitute
qualifying income for purposes of determining the Fund’s ability to be subject to tax as a RIC to the extent the PFIC makes distributions
of that income to the Fund or if the income was derived with respect to the Fund’s business of investing. Alternatively, the Fund
may be able to elect to mark its PFIC shares to market, resulting in any unrealized gains at the Fund’s tax year end being treated
as though they were recognized and reported as ordinary income. Any mark-to-market losses and any loss from an actual disposition of the
PFIC’s Shares would be deductible as ordinary losses to the extent of any net mark-to-market gains included in income in prior tax years
with respect to shares in the same PFIC.
Because
the application of the PFIC rules may affect, among other things, the character of gains, the amount of gain or loss and the timing of
the recognition of income, gain or loss with respect to PFIC shares, as well as subject the Fund itself to tax on certain income from
PFIC shares, the amount that must be distributed to Fund Shareholders, and which will be recognized by Fund Shareholders as
ordinary income or long-term capital gain, may be increased or decreased substantially as compared to a fund that did not invest in PFIC
shares. Note that distributions from a PFIC are not eligible for the reduced rate of tax on distributions of “qualified dividend
income” as discussed below.
Some
of the CLOs in which the Fund invests may be PFICs, which are generally subject to the tax consequences described above. Investment in
certain equity interests of CLOs that are subject to treatment as PFICs for U.S. federal income tax purposes may cause the Fund to recognize
income in a tax year in excess of the Fund’s distributions from such CLOs, PFICs and the Fund’s proceeds from sales or other
dispositions of equity interests in other CLOs and other PFICs during that tax year. As a result, the Fund generally would be required
to distribute such income to satisfy the 90% distribution requirement applicable to RICs.
If
the Fund holds more than 10% of the interests treated as equity for U.S. federal income tax purposes in a foreign corporation that is
treated as a controlled foreign corporation (“CFC”), including equity tranche investments and certain debt tranche investments
in a CLO treated as a CFC, the Fund may be treated as receiving a deemed distribution (taxable as ordinary income) each tax year from
such foreign corporation of an amount equal to the Fund’s pro rata
share of the foreign corporation’s earnings for such tax year (including both ordinary earnings and capital gains), whether or not
the corporation makes an actual distribution to the Fund during such tax year. This deemed distribution is required to be included in
the income of certain U.S. shareholders of a CFC, such as the Fund, regardless of whether a U.S. shareholder has made a QEF election with
respect to such CFC. The Fund is generally required to distribute such income in order to satisfy the 90% distribution requirement applicable
to RICs, even to the extent the Fund’s income from a CFC exceeds the distributions from the CFC and the Fund’s proceeds from
the sales or other dispositions of CFC stock during that tax year. As such, the Fund may limit and/or manage its holdings in issuers that
could be treated as CFCs in order to ensure the Fund’s continued qualification as a RIC and/or maximize the Fund’s after-tax
return from these investments. In general, a foreign corporation will be treated as a CFC for U.S. federal income tax purposes if more
than 50% of the shares of the foreign corporation, measured by reference to combined voting power or value, is owned (directly, indirectly
or by attribution) by U.S. Shareholders. A “U.S. Shareholder,” for this purpose, is any U.S. person that possesses (actually
or constructively) 10% or more of the combined voting power or value of all classes of shares of a corporation.
The
functional currency of the Fund, for U.S. federal income tax purposes, is the U.S. dollar. Gains or losses attributable to fluctuations
in foreign currency exchange rates that occur between the time a Fund accrues interest income or other receivables or accrues expenses
or other liabilities denominated in a foreign currency and the time the Fund actually collects such receivables or pays such liabilities
generally are respectively characterized as ordinary income or ordinary loss for U.S. federal income tax purposes. Similarly, on the sale
of other disposition of certain investments, including debt securities, certain forward contracts, as well as other derivative financial
instruments, denominated in a foreign currency, gains or losses attributable to fluctuations in the value of foreign currency between
the date of acquisition of the security or contract and the date of disposition also are generally treated as ordinary gain or loss. These
gains
and losses, referred to under the Code as “section 988” gains and losses, may increase or decrease the amount of the Fund’s
investment company taxable income subject to distribution to Fund Shareholders as ordinary income. For example, fluctuations in exchange
rates may increase the amount of income that the Fund must distribute to qualify for tax treatment as a RIC and to prevent application
of an excise tax on undistributed income. Alternatively, fluctuations in exchange rates may decrease or eliminate income available for
distribution. If section 988 losses exceed other investment company taxable income during a tax year, the Fund would not be able to distribute
amounts considered dividends for U.S. federal income tax purposes, and any distributions during a tax year made by the Fund before such
losses were recognized would be re-characterized as a return of capital to Fund Shareholders for U.S. federal income tax purposes,
rather than as ordinary dividend income, and would reduce each Fund Shareholder’s tax basis in Fund Shares.
If
the Fund utilizes leverage through the issuance of Preferred Shares or borrowings, it will be prohibited from declaring a distribution
or dividend if it would fail the applicable asset coverage test(s) under the 1940 Act after the payment of such distribution or dividend.
In addition, certain covenants in credit facilities or indentures may impose greater restrictions on the Fund’s ability to declare
and pay dividends on Fund Shares. Limits on the Fund’s ability to pay dividends on Fund Shares may prevent the Fund from
meeting the 90% distribution requirement described above and, as a result, may affect the Fund’s ability to be subject to tax as
a RIC or subject the Fund to the 4% excise tax. The Fund endeavors to avoid restrictions on its ability to make distribution payments.
If the Fund is precluded from making distributions on Fund Shares because of any applicable asset coverage requirements, the terms
of Preferred Shares (if any) may provide that any amounts so precluded from being distributed, but required to be distributed by the Fund
to enable the Fund to satisfy the 90% distribution requirement that would enable the Fund to be subject to tax as a RIC, will be paid
to the holders of Preferred Shares as a special distribution. This distribution can be expected to decrease the amount that holders of
Preferred Shares would be entitled to receive upon redemption or liquidation of such Preferred Shares.
Certain
of the Fund’s investments are expected to be subject to special U.S. federal income tax provisions that may, among other things,
(1) disallow, suspend or otherwise limit the allowance of certain losses or deductions, (2) convert lower-taxed long-term capital
gains into higher-taxed short-term capital gains or ordinary income, (3) convert an ordinary loss or a deduction into a capital loss,
the deductibility of which is more limited, (4) adversely affect when a purchase or sale of shares or securities is deemed to occur,
(5) adversely alter the intended characterization of certain complex financial transactions, (6) cause the Fund to recognize
income or gain without a corresponding receipt of cash, (7) treat dividends that would otherwise constitute qualified dividend income
as non-qualified dividend income, (8) treat dividends that would otherwise be eligible for the corporate dividends received deduction
as ineligible for such treatment and (9) produce income that will not constitute Qualifying RIC Income. The application of these
rules could cause the Fund to be subject to U.S. federal income tax or the 4% excise tax and, under certain circumstances, could affect
the Fund’s status as a RIC. The Fund monitors its investments and may make certain tax elections to mitigate the effect of these
provisions.
Under
current tax law, conversion between share classes is generally not expected to be a taxable event to the Shareholder.
The
remainder of this discussion assumes that the Fund has qualified and maintain its qualification as a RIC and has satisfied the 90% distribution
requirement described above.
Taxation
of U.S. Shareholders
Distributions
Distributions
of the Fund’s ordinary income and net short-term capital gains will, except as described below with respect to distributions of
“qualified dividend income,” generally be taxable to Shareholders as ordinary income to the extent such distributions are
paid out of the Fund’s current or accumulated earnings and profits, as determined for U.S. federal income tax purposes. Distributions
(or deemed distributions, as described above), if any, of net capital gains will be taxable as long-term capital gains, regardless of
the length of time a Shareholder has owned Shares. The ultimate tax characterization of the Fund’s distributions made in a tax year
cannot be determined until after the end of the tax year. As a result, the
Fund
may make total distributions during a tax year in an amount that exceeds the current and accumulated earnings and profits of the Fund.
A distribution of an amount in excess of the Fund’s current and accumulated earnings and profits will be treated by a Shareholder
as a return of capital that will be applied against and reduce the Shareholder’s tax basis in its Shares. To the extent that the
amount of any such distribution exceeds the Shareholder’s tax basis in its Shares, the excess will be treated as gain from a sale
or exchange of Shares. Distributions will be treated in the manner described above regardless of whether such distributions are paid in
cash or invested in additional Shares. Generally, for U.S. federal income tax purposes, a Shareholder receiving Shares under the DRP will
be treated as having received a distribution equal to the fair market value of such Shares on the date the Shares are credited to the
Shareholder’s account.
A
return of capital to Shareholders is a return of a portion of their original investment in the Fund, thereby reducing the tax basis of
their investment. As a result from such reduction in tax basis, Shareholders may be subject to tax in connection with the sale of Fund Shares,
even if such Shares are sold at a loss relative to the Shareholder’s original investment.
It
is expected that a substantial portion of the Fund’s income will consist of ordinary income. For example, interest and OID derived
by the Fund characterized as ordinary income for U.S. federal income tax purposes. In addition, gain derived by the Fund from the disposition
of debt instruments with “market discount” (generally, securities with a fixed maturity date of more than one year
from the date of issuance acquired by the Fund at a price below the lesser of their stated redemption price at maturity or accreted value,
in the case of securities with OID) will be characterized as ordinary income for U.S. federal income tax purposes to the extent of the
market discount that has accrued, as determined for U.S. federal income tax purposes, at the time of such disposition, unless the Fund
makes an election to accrue market discount on a current basis. In addition, certain of the Fund’s investments will be subject to
other special U.S. federal income tax provisions that may affect the character, increase the amount and/or accelerate the timing of distributions
to Shareholders.
Certain
distributions reported by the Fund as Section 163(j) interest dividends may be treated as interest income by Shareholders for purposes
of the tax rules applicable to interest expense limitations under Section 163(j). Such treatment by the Shareholder is generally
subject to holding period requirements and other potential limitations, although the holding period requirements are generally not applicable
to dividends declared by money market funds and certain other funds that declare dividends daily and pay such dividends on a monthly or
more frequent basis. The amount that the Fund is eligible to report as a Section 163(j) dividend for a tax year is generally limited
to the excess of the Fund’s business interest income over the sum of the Fund’s (i) business interest expense and (ii) other
deductions properly allocable to the Fund’s business interest income.
Distributions
made by the Fund to a corporate Shareholder will qualify for the dividends-received deduction only to the extent that the distributions
consist of qualifying dividends received by the Fund. In addition, any portion of the Fund’s dividends otherwise qualifying for
the dividends-received deduction will be disallowed or reduced if the corporate Shareholder fails to satisfy certain requirements, including
a holding period requirement, with respect to its Shares. Distributions of “qualified dividend income” to an individual or
other non-corporate Shareholder will be treated as “qualified dividend income” to such Shareholder and generally will be taxed
at long-term capital gain rates, provided the Shareholder satisfies the applicable holding period and other requirements. “Qualified
dividend income” generally includes dividends from domestic corporations and dividends from foreign corporations that meet certain
specified criteria. Given the Fund’s investment strategy, it is not expected that a significant portion of the distributions made
by the Fund will be eligible for the dividends-received deduction or the reduced rates applicable to “qualified dividend income.”
If
a person acquires Shares shortly before the record date of a distribution, the price of the Shares may include the value of the distribution,
and the person will be subject to tax on the distribution even though economically it may represent a return of his, her or its investment
in such Shares.
Distributions
paid by the Fund generally will be treated as received by a Shareholder at the time the distribution is made. However, the Fund may, under
certain circumstances, elect to treat a distribution that is paid during the following tax year as if it had been paid during the tax
year in which the income or gains
supporting
the distribution was earned. If the Fund makes such an election, the Shareholder will still be treated as receiving the distribution in
the tax year in which the distribution is received. In this instance, however, any distribution declared by the Fund in October, November
or December of any calendar year, payable to Shareholders of record on a specified date in such a month and actually paid during January
of the following calendar year, will be treated for tax purposes as if it had been received by Shareholders on December 31 of the
calendar year in which the distribution was declared.
The
Fund (or if a Shareholder holds Shares through an intermediary, such intermediary) will send to its Shareholders, as promptly as possible
after the end of each calendar year, a notice detailing the U.S. federal tax status of distributions, including the amounts includible
in such Shareholder’s taxable income for such year as ordinary income and as long-term capital gain. In addition, the federal tax
status of each year’s distributions generally will be reported to the IRS, including the amount of distributions, if any, eligible
for the preferential maximum rate generally applicable to long-term capital gains. Shareholders receiving distributions in the form of
additional Shares will receive a report as to the NAV of those Shares. Distributions paid by the Fund generally will not be eligible for
the corporate dividends received deduction or the preferential tax rate applicable to Qualifying Dividends because the Fund’s income
generally will not consist of dividends.
Distributions
may also be subject to additional state, local and foreign taxes depending on a Shareholder’s particular situation.
Sale
or Exchange of Shares
The
repurchase or transfer of Shares may result in a taxable gain or loss to the tendering Shareholder. Different tax consequences may apply
for tendering and non-tendering Shareholders in connection with a repurchase offer. For example, if a Shareholder does not tender all
of his or her Shares, such repurchase may not be treated as a sale or exchange for U.S. federal income tax purposes, and may result in
deemed distributions to non-tendering Shareholders. On the other hand, Shareholders holding Shares as capital assets who tender all of
their Shares (including Shares deemed owned by Shareholders under constructive ownership rules) will be treated as having sold their Shares
and generally will recognize capital gain or loss. The amount of the gain or loss will be equal to the difference between the amount received
for the Shares and the Shareholder’s adjusted tax basis in the relevant Shares. Such gain or loss generally will be a long-term
capital gain or loss if the Shareholder has held such Shares as capital assets for more than one year. Otherwise, the gain or loss will
be treated as short-term capital gain or loss.
Losses
realized by a Shareholder on the sale or exchange of Shares held as capital assets for six months or less will be treated as long-term
capital losses to the extent of any distribution of long-term capital gains received (or deemed received, as discussed above) with respect
to such Shares. In addition, no loss will be allowed on a sale or other disposition of Shares if the Shareholder acquires (including through
reinvestment of distributions or otherwise) Shares, or enters into a contract or option to acquire Shares, within 30 days before
or after any disposition of such Shares at a loss. In such a case, the basis of the Shares acquired will be adjusted to reflect the disallowed
loss. Under current law, net capital gains recognized by non-corporate Shareholders are generally subject to U.S. federal income tax at
lower rates than the rates applicable to ordinary income.
In
general, Shareholders currently are generally subject to a maximum federal income tax rate of either 15% or 20% (depending on whether
the Shareholder’s income exceeds certain threshold amounts) on their net capital gain (i.e.,
the excess of realized net long-term capital gains over realized net short-term capital losses), including any long-term capital gain
derived from an investment in Shares. Such rate is lower than the maximum rate on ordinary income currently payable by individuals. Corporate
Shareholders currently are subject to U.S. federal income tax on net capital gain at the maximum rate also applied to ordinary income
(currently at 21%). Non-corporate Shareholders with net capital losses for a tax year (i.e.,
capital losses in excess of capital gains) generally may deduct up to $3,000 of such losses against their ordinary income each tax year.
Any net capital losses of a non-corporate Shareholder in excess of $3,000 generally may be carried forward and used in subsequent tax years
as provided in the Code. Corporate Shareholders generally may not deduct any net capital losses for a tax year, but may carry back such
losses for three tax years or carry forward such losses for five tax years.
An
additional 3.8% Medicare tax is imposed on certain net investment income (including ordinary dividends and capital gain distributions
received from the Fund and net gains from redemptions or other taxable dispositions of Shares) of U.S. individuals, estates and trusts
to the extent that such person’s “modified adjusted gross income” (in the case of an individual) or “adjusted
gross income” (in the case of an estate or trust) exceeds certain threshold amounts. U.S. persons that are individuals, estates
or trusts are urged to consult their tax advisors regarding the applicability of this tax to their income and gains in respect of their
investment in the Fund.
Under
U.S. Treasury regulations, if a Shareholder recognizes losses with respect to Shares of $2 million or more for an individual Shareholder
or $10 million or more for a corporate Shareholder, the Shareholder must file with the IRS a disclosure statement on IRS Form 8886.
Direct shareholders of portfolio securities are in many cases excepted from this reporting requirement, but under current guidance, shareholders
of a RIC are not excepted. Future guidance may extend the current exception from this reporting requirement to shareholders of most or
all RICs. The fact that a loss is reportable under these regulations does not affect the legal determination of whether the taxpayer’s
treatment of the loss is proper. Shareholders should consult their tax advisors to determine the applicability of these regulations in
light of their individual circumstances.
Reporting
of adjusted cost basis information is required for covered securities, which generally include shares of a RIC acquired after January 1,
2012, to the IRS and to taxpayers. Shareholders should contact their Financial Intermediaries with respect to reporting of cost basis
and available elections for their accounts.
Backup
Withholding and Information Reporting
Information
returns will be filed with the IRS in connection with payments on Shares and the proceeds from a sale or other disposition of Shares.
A Shareholder will be subject to backup withholding on all such payments if it fails to provide the payor with its correct taxpayer identification
number (generally, in the case of a U.S. resident Shareholder, on an IRS Form W-9) and to make required certifications or otherwise establish
an exemption from backup withholding. Corporate Shareholders and certain other Shareholders generally are exempt from backup withholding.
Backup withholding is not an additional tax. Any amounts withheld as backup withholding may be credited against the applicable Shareholder’s
U.S. federal income tax liability, provided the required information is timely furnished to the IRS.
Taxation
of Non-U.S. Shareholders
Whether
an investment in the Fund is appropriate for a non-U.S. Shareholder (as defined below) will depend upon that investor’s particular
circumstances. An investment in the Fund by a non-U.S. Shareholder may have adverse tax consequences. Non-U.S. Shareholders should consult
their tax advisors before investing in Shares.
The
U.S. federal income taxation of a Shareholder that is a nonresident alien individual, a foreign trust or estate or a foreign corporation,
as defined for U.S. federal income tax purposes (a “non-U.S. Shareholder”), depends on whether the income that the Shareholder
derives from the Fund is “effectively connected” with a U.S. trade or business carried on by the Shareholder.
If
the income that a non-U.S. Shareholder derives from the Fund is not “effectively connected” with a U.S. trade or business
carried on by such non-U.S. Shareholder, distributions of “investment company taxable income” will generally be subject to
a U.S. federal withholding tax at a rate of 30% (or a lower rate provided under an applicable treaty). Alternatively, if the income that
a non-U.S. Shareholder derives from the Fund is effectively connected with a U.S. trade or business of the non-U.S. Shareholder, the Fund
will not be required to withhold U.S. federal tax if the non-U.S. Shareholder complies with applicable certification and disclosure requirements,
although such income will be subject to U.S. federal income tax in the manner described below and at the rates applicable to U.S. residents.
Backup withholding will not, however, be applied to payments that have been subject to this 30% withholding tax applicable to non-U.S.
Shareholders.
A
non-U.S. Shareholder whose income from the Fund is not “effectively connected” with a U.S. trade or business will generally
be exempt from U.S. federal income tax on capital gains distributions, any amounts retained by the Fund that are designated as undistributed
capital gains and any gains realized
upon
the sale or exchange of Shares. If, however, such a non-U.S. Shareholder is a nonresident alien individual and is physically present in
the United States for 183 days or more during the tax year and meets certain other requirements such capital gains distributions,
undistributed capital gains and gains from the sale or exchange of Shares will be subject to a 30% U.S. tax.
Furthermore,
properly reported distributions by the Fund and received by non-U.S. Shareholders are generally exempt from U.S. federal withholding tax
when they (a) are paid by the Fund in respect of the Fund’s “qualified net interest income” (i.e.,
the Fund’s U.S. source interest income, subject to certain exceptions, reduced by expenses that are allocable to such income), or
(b) are paid by the Fund in connection with the Fund’s “qualified short-term capital gains” (generally,
the excess of the Fund’s net short-term capital gains over the Fund’s long-term capital losses for such tax year). However,
depending on the circumstances, the Fund may report all, some or none of the Fund’s potentially eligible distributions as derived
from such qualified net interest income or from such qualified short-term capital gains, and a portion of such distributions (e.g.,
derived from interest from non-U.S. sources or any foreign currency gains) would be ineligible for this potential exemption from withholding.
Moreover, in the case of Shares held through an intermediary, the intermediary may have withheld amounts even if the Fund reported all
or a portion of a distribution as exempt from U.S. federal withholding tax. To qualify for this exemption from withholding, a non-U.S.
Shareholder must comply with applicable certification requirements relating to its non-U.S. tax residency status (including, in general,
furnishing an IRS Form W-8BEN, IRS Form W-8BEN-E, IRS Form W-8ECI, IRS Form W-8IMY or IRS Form W-8EXP, or an acceptable substitute or
successor form). Thus, an investment in the Shares by a non-U.S. Shareholder may have adverse tax consequences as compared to a direct
investment in the assets in which the Fund will invest.
If
the income from the Fund is “effectively connected” with a U.S. trade or business carried on by a non-U.S. Shareholder, any
distributions of “investment company taxable income,” capital gains distributions, amounts retained by the Fund that are designated
as undistributed capital gains and any gains realized upon the sale or exchange of Shares will be subject to U.S. income tax, on a net
income basis, in the same manner, and at the graduated rates applicable to, U.S. persons. If such a non-U.S. Shareholder is a corporation,
it may also be subject to the U.S. branch profits tax.
A
non-U.S. Shareholder other than a corporation may be subject to backup withholding on net capital gains distributions that are otherwise
exempt from withholding tax or on distributions that would otherwise be taxable at a reduced treaty rate if such Shareholder does not
certify its non-U.S. status under penalties of perjury or otherwise establish an exemption.
If
the Fund distributes net capital gains in the form of deemed rather than actual distributions, a non-U.S. Shareholder will be entitled
to a U.S. federal income tax credit or tax refund equal to the Shareholder’s allocable share of the tax the Fund pays on the capital
gains deemed to have been distributed. To obtain the refund, the non-U.S. Shareholder must obtain a U.S. taxpayer identification number
and file a federal income tax return even if the non-U.S. Shareholder would not otherwise be required to obtain a U.S. taxpayer identification
number or file a federal income tax return.
Under
the Foreign Account Tax Compliance Act provisions of the Code, the Fund is required to withhold U.S. tax (at a 30% rate) on payments of
taxable dividends made to certain non-U.S. entities that fail to comply (or be deemed compliant) with extensive reporting and withholding
requirements in the Code designed to inform the U.S. Department of the Treasury of U.S.-owned foreign investment accounts. Shareholders
may be requested to provide additional information to the Fund to enable the Fund to determine whether withholding is required.
The
tax consequences to a non-U.S. Shareholder entitled to claim the benefits of an applicable tax treaty may differ from those described
herein. Non-U.S. Shareholders are advised to consult their tax advisors with respect to the particular tax consequences to them of an
investment in the Fund, including the potential application of the U.S. estate tax.
Other
Taxes
Shareholders
may be subject to state, local and non-U.S. taxes applicable to their investment in the Fund. In those states or localities, entity-level
tax treatment and the treatment of distributions made to Shareholders under those jurisdictions’ tax laws may differ from the treatment
under the Code. Accordingly,
an
investment in Shares may have tax consequences for Shareholders that are different from those of a direct investment in the Fund’s
portfolio investments. Shareholders are advised to consult their tax advisors with respect to the particular tax consequences to them
of an investment in the Fund.
ERISA
CONSIDERATIONS
Employee
benefit plans and other plans subject to ERISA or the Code, including corporate savings and 401(k) plans, IRAs and Keogh Plans (each,
an “ERISA Plan”) may purchase Shares. ERISA imposes certain general and specific responsibilities on persons who are fiduciaries
with respect to an ERISA Plan, including prudence, diversification, prohibited transactions and other standards. Because the Fund is registered
as an investment company under the 1940 Act, the underlying assets of the Fund will not be considered to be “plan assets”
of any ERISA Plan investing in the Fund for purposes of the fiduciary responsibility and prohibited transaction rules under Title I of
ERISA or Section 4975 of the Code. Thus, none of the Fund or the Advisors will be a fiduciary within the meaning of ERISA or Section 4975
of the Code with respect to the assets of any ERISA Plan that becomes a Shareholder, solely as a result of the ERISA Plan’s investment
in the Fund.
The
provisions of ERISA are subject to extensive and continuing administrative and judicial interpretation and review. The discussion of ERISA
contained herein is, of necessity, general and may be affected by future publication of regulations and rulings. Potential investors should
consult their legal advisers regarding the consequences under ERISA of an investment in the Fund through an ERISA Plan.
ANTI-TAKEOVER
PROVISIONS IN THE DECLARATION OF TRUST
The
Declaration of Trust includes provisions that could have the effect of limiting the ability of other entities or persons to acquire control
of the Fund or to change the composition of the Board. These provisions may have the effect of discouraging attempts to acquire control
of the Fund, which attempts could have the effect of increasing the expenses of the Fund and interfering with the normal operation of
the Fund. The Trustees are elected for indefinite terms and do not stand for reelection. A Trustee may be removed from office (i) with
cause only by a written instrument signed or adopted by two-thirds of the remaining Trustees; or (ii) without cause only by a written
instrument signed or adopted by all of the remaining Trustees. The Declaration of Trust does not contain any other specific inhibiting
provisions that would operate only with respect to an extraordinary transaction such as a merger, reorganization, tender offer, sale or
transfer of substantially all of the Fund’s asset, or liquidation. Reference should be made to the Declaration of Trust on file
with the SEC for the full text of these provisions.
PLAN
OF DISTRIBUTION
ALPS
Distributors, Inc., located at 1290 Broadway, Suite 1000, Denver, CO 80203, serves as the Fund’s principal underwriter and acts
as the Distributor of the Fund’s Shares on a best efforts basis, subject to various conditions. Class U-2 Shares are offered
for sale through the Distributor at NAV plus the applicable sales load. The Distributor also may enter into agreements with Financial
Intermediaries for the sale and servicing of the Fund’s Shares. The Fund offers on a continuous basis an unlimited number of shares
of beneficial interest through the Distributor. No arrangement has been made to place funds received in an escrow, trust or similar account.
The Distributor is not required to sell any specific number or dollar amount of the Fund’s Shares but will use its best efforts
to solicit orders for the purchase of the Shares. Shares of the Fund will not be listed on any national securities exchange and the Distributor
will not act as a market marker in Fund Shares. Class U-2 Shares will pay to the Distributor a Distribution Fee that will accrue
at an annual rate equal to 0.50% of the Fund’s average daily net assets attributable to Class U-2 Shares and is payable on
a quarterly basis.
The
Distributor has entered into a wholesale marketing agreement with CION Securities, a registered broker-dealer and an affiliate of CION.
Pursuant to the terms of the wholesale marketing agreement, CION Securities will seek to market and otherwise promote the Fund through
various wholesale distribution channels, including, but not limited to, regional and independent retail broker-dealers and registered
investment advisors.
The
Advisors or their affiliates, in the Advisors’ discretion and from their own resources, may pay Additional Compensation to Financial
Intermediaries in connection with the sale of Fund Shares. In return for the Additional Compensation, the Fund may receive certain
marketing advantages including access to a Financial Intermediaries’ registered representatives, placement on a list of investment
options offered by a Financial Intermediary, or the ability to assist in training and educating the Financial Intermediaries. The Additional
Compensation may differ among Financial Intermediaries in amount or in the manner of calculation: payments of Additional Compensation
may be fixed dollar amounts, or based on the aggregate value of outstanding Shares held by Shareholders introduced by the Financial Intermediary,
or determined in some other manner. The receipt of Additional Compensation by a selling Financial Intermediary may create potential conflicts
of interest between an investor and its Financial Intermediary who is recommending the Fund over other potential investments. Additionally,
the Fund pays a servicing fee to the Financial Intermediaries or financial institutions and for providing ongoing services in respect
of clients with whom it has distributed shares of the Fund. Such services may include electronic processing of client orders, electronic
fund transfers between clients and the Fund, account reconciliations with the Fund’s transfer agent, facilitation of electronic
delivery to clients of Fund documentation, monitoring client accounts for back-up withholding and any other special tax reporting obligations,
maintenance of books and records with respect to the foregoing, and such other information and ongoing liaison services as the Fund or
the Advisors may reasonably request.
The
Fund and the Advisors have agreed to indemnify the Distributor against certain liabilities, including liabilities under the 1933 Act,
or to contribute to payments the Distributor may be required to make because of any of those liabilities. Such agreement does not include
indemnification of the Distributor against liability resulting from willful misfeasance, bad faith or negligence on the part of the Distributor
in the performance of its duties or from reckless disregard by the Distributor of its obligations and duties under the Distribution Agreement.
Purchasing
Shares
Investors
may purchase Shares directly from the Fund in accordance with the instructions below. Investors will be assessed fees for returned checks
and stop payment orders at prevailing rates charged by SS&C GIDS, Inc. The returned check and stop payment fee is currently $25. Investors
may buy and sell Shares of the Fund through Financial Intermediaries. Orders will be priced at the appropriate price next computed after
it is received by a Financial Intermediary and accepted by the Fund. A Financial Intermediary may hold Shares in an omnibus account in
the Financial Intermediary’s name or the Financial Intermediary may maintain individual ownership records. The Fund may pay the
Financial Intermediary for maintaining individual ownership records as well as providing other shareholder services. Financial Intermediaries
may charge fees for the services they provide in connection with processing your transaction
order or maintaining an investor’s account with them.
Investors should check with their Financial Intermediary to determine if it is subject to these arrangements. Financial Intermediaries
are responsible for placing orders correctly and promptly with the Fund, forwarding payment promptly. Orders transmitted with a Financial
Intermediary before the close of regular trading (generally 4:00 p.m., Eastern Time) on a day that the NYSE is open for business, will
be priced based on the Fund’s NAV next computed after it is received by the Financial Intermediary.
Investors may purchase Shares
through a broker-dealer or Financial Intermediary that may establish different minimum investment requirements than the Fund and may also
independently charge transaction fees and additional amounts (which may vary) in return for its services, which will reduce an investor’s
return. Shares purchased through a broker-dealer or Financial Intermediary will normally be held in an investor’s account with that
firm.
The availability of sales
charge waivers, discounts, and/or breakpoints may depend on the particular Financial Intermediary or type of account through which an
investor purchases or holds Shares. Investors should contact their Financial Intermediary for more information regarding applicable sales
charge waivers and discounts available to them and the Financial Intermediary’s related policies and procedures.
If an investment is made
through an IRA, Keogh plan or 401(k) plan, an approved trustee must process and forward the subscription to the Fund. In such case, the
Fund will send the confirmation and notice of its acceptance to the trustee.
By Mail
To make an initial purchase
by mail, complete an account application and mail the application, together with a check made payable to CION Ares Diversified Credit
Fund to:
Regular
Mail:
CION Ares Diversified Credit Fund
SS&C GIDS, Inc. P.O. Box 219422
Kansas
City, MO 64121-9422
Overnight
Mail:
Please call 1-888-729-4266 for the overnight mailing address.
All checks must be in US
Dollars drawn on a domestic bank. The Fund will not accept payment in cash or money orders. The Fund may accept cashier’s checks
in amounts greater than $10,000. To prevent check fraud, the Fund will neither accept third party checks, Treasury checks, credit card
checks, traveler’s checks or starter checks for the purchase of shares, nor post-dated checks, postdated on-line bill pay checks,
or any conditional purchase order or payment.
The transfer agent will charge
a $25 fee against an investor’s account, in addition to any loss sustained by the Fund, for any payment that is returned. It is
the policy of the Fund not to accept applications under certain circumstances or in amounts considered disadvantageous to Shareholders.
The Fund reserves the right to reject any application.
By Wire — Initial
Investment
To make an initial investment
in the Fund, the transfer agent must receive a completed account application from a Financial Intermediary before an investor wires funds.
The Financial Intermediary may mail or overnight deliver an account application to the transfer agent. Upon receipt of the completed account
application, the transfer agent will establish an account. The account number assigned will be required as part of the instruction that
should be provided to an investor’s bank to send the wire. An investor’s bank must include both the name of the Fund, the
account number, and the investor’s name so that monies can be correctly applied. If you wish to wire money to make an investment
in the Fund, please call the Fund at 800-343-3736 for wiring instructions and to notify the Fund that a wire transfer is coming. Any commercial
bank can transfer same-day funds via wire. The Fund will normally accept wired funds for investment on the day received if they are received
by the Fund’s designated bank before the close of regular trading on the NYSE. Your bank may charge you a fee for wiring same-day
funds. The bank should transmit funds by wire to:
ABA
#: 101 000 695
Credit: UMB Bank, NA
Account #: 9872291549
Further Credit:
CION Ares Diversified Credit Fund
(shareholder
registration)
(shareholder account number)
Automatic
Investment Plan — Subsequent Investments
You
may participate in the Fund’s Automatic Investment Plan, an investment plan that automatically moves money from your bank account
and invests it in the Fund through the use of electronic funds transfers or automatic bank drafts. You may elect to make subsequent investments
by transfers of a minimum of $100 for regular accounts and $50 for retirement plan accounts on specified days of each month into your
established Fund account. Please contact your registered representative/investment advisor for more information about the Fund’s
Automatic Investment Plan.
In
compliance with the USA Patriot Act of 2001, SS&C GIDS, Inc. will verify certain information on each account application as part of
the Fund’s Anti-Money Laundering Program. As requested on the application, investors must supply full name, date of birth, social
security number and permanent street address. Mailing addresses containing only a P.O. Box will not be accepted. Registered representatives/investment
advisors may call Investor Relations at 888-729-4266 for additional assistance when completing an application.
If
SS&C GIDS, Inc. does not have a reasonable belief of the identity of a customer, the account will be rejected or the customer will
not be allowed to perform a transaction on the account until such information is received. The Fund also may reserve the right to close
the account within 5 business days if clarifying information/documentation is not received.
Purchase
Terms
The
minimum initial purchase by an investor is $2,500 for regular accounts and $1,000 for retirement plan accounts. The Fund reserves the
right to waive investment minimums. The Fund’s Class U-2 Shares are offered for sale through its Distributor at NAV plus the
applicable sales load. The price of Class U-2 Shares during the Fund’s continuous offering will fluctuate over time with the
NAV of the Shares.
Converting
Shares
Investors
eligible to purchase Class I Shares may convert Class U-2 Shares to Class I Shares. Class U-2 Shares will automatically
convert into Class I Shares if the total sales charge would otherwise exceed the limits of FINRA Rule 2341. Class I Shares
are not subject to any upfront sales charge. Class I Shares are not subject to a distribution fee, shareholder servicing fees, or
contingent deferred sales charge. Class I Shares may only be available through certain Financial Intermediaries. For all accounts,
Class I Shares require a minimum investment of $1,000,000, while subsequent investments may be made with any amount. The Fund reserves
the right to waive the investment minimum.
You
can process your conversion by contacting your Financial Intermediary. You may also send conversion requests to the Fund’s transfer
agent, SS&C GIDS, Inc., by mail to CION Ares Diversified Credit Fund c/o SS&C GIDS, Inc., P.O. Box 219422, Kansas City, MO
64121-9422 or by calling the toll free number 888-729-4266.
As
of the date of this Prospectus, the Fund is the only fund managed by CAM. To the extent that CAM manages other funds in the future, Shareholders
may be permitted to move their investment in Shares of the Fund into such other funds in connection with the Fund’s quarterly repurchases.
In this case, rather than tendering shares for cash, a Fund Shareholder would elect to have the dollar value of its Shares accepted
for purchases of shares of another CAM-managed fund. Such conversions would occur in conjunction with quarterly repurchases made by the
Fund and would be subject to those repurchase offer risks, such as the risk that Shareholders may be unable to liquidate all or a given percentage
of their investment in the Fund during a particular repurchase offer, that are described elsewhere in this Prospectus.
A
conversion of shares of one Class directly for shares of another Class of the Fund normally should not be taxable for federal income tax
purposes. You should consult your tax advisor before making a conversion.
Share
Class Considerations
When
selecting a share class, you should consider the following:
•
which
share classes are available to you;
•
how
much you intend to invest;
•
how
long you expect to own the shares; and
•
total
costs and expenses associated with a particular share class.
Each
investor’s financial considerations are different. You should speak with your financial advisor to help you decide which share class
is best for you. Not all Financial Intermediaries offer all classes of Shares. If your Financial Intermediary offers more than one class
of Shares, you should carefully consider which class of Shares to purchase.
Class U-2
Shares
Investors
purchasing Class U-2 Shares may pay a sales load based on the amount of their investment in the Fund. The sales load payable by each
investor depends upon the amount invested by such investor in the Fund, but may range from 0.00% to 2.50%, as set forth below. The following
sales loads apply to your purchases of shares of the Fund:
Amount Purchased
|
|
|
Dealer Reallowance*
|
|
|
Sales Load as %
of Offering Price |
|
|
Sales Load as
% of Amount Invested |
|
Under $100,000
|
|
|
|
|
2.50% |
|
|
|
|
|
2.50% |
|
|
|
|
|
2.56% |
|
|
$100,000 – $249,999
|
|
|
|
|
2.00% |
|
|
|
|
|
2.00% |
|
|
|
|
|
2.04% |
|
|
$250,000 and
Above |
|
|
|
|
0.00% |
|
|
|
|
|
0.00% |
|
|
|
|
|
0.00% |
|
|
*
Gross
Dealer Concession paid to participating broker-dealers.
You
may be able to buy Class U-2 Shares without a sales charge (i.e., “load-waived”) when you are:
•
reinvesting
dividends or distributions;
•
a
current or former Trustee of the Fund;
•
an
employee (including the employee’s spouse, domestic partner, children, grandchildren, parents, grandparents, siblings or any dependent
of the employee, as defined in Section 152 of the Code) of the Fund’s Advisor or its affiliates or of a broker-dealer authorized
to sell shares of the Fund;
•
purchasing
shares through the Fund’s Advisor;
•
purchasing
shares through a financial services firm that has a special arrangement with the Fund; or
•
participating
in an investment advisory or agency commission program under which you pay a fee to an investment advisor or other firm for portfolio
management or brokerage services.
The
following are additional features that should be taken into account when purchasing Class U-2 Shares:
•
a
minimum initial investment of $2,500 for regular accounts and $1,000 for retirement plan accounts, and a minimum subsequent investment
of at least $100 for regular accounts and $50 for retirement plan accounts (the Fund reserves the right to waive investment minimums);
•
a
quarterly shareholder servicing fee at an annual rate of up to 0.25% of the average daily net assets of the Fund attributable to Class U-2
Shares; and
•
a
Distribution Fee which will accrue at an annual rate equal to 0.50% of the average daily net assets of the Fund attributable to Class U-2
Shares.
Right
of Accumulation
For
the purposes of determining the applicable reduced sales charge, the right of accumulation allows you to include prior purchases of Class U-2
Shares of the Fund as part of your current investment as well as reinvested dividends. To qualify for this option, you must be either:
•
an
individual;
•
an
individual and spouse purchasing shares for your own account or trust or custodial accounts for your minor children; or
•
a
fiduciary purchasing for any one trust, estate or fiduciary account, including employee benefit plans created under Sections 401,
403 or 457 of the Code, including related plans of the same employer.
If
you plan to rely on this right of accumulation, you must notify the Fund’s distributor at the time of your purchase. You will need
to give the Distributor your account numbers. Existing holdings of family members or other related accounts of a Shareholder may be combined
for purposes of determining eligibility. If applicable, you will need to provide the account numbers of your spouse and your minor children
as well as the ages of your minor children.
Shares
Purchased or Held through an Intermediary
The
availability of sales charge waivers and discounts may depend on the particular financial intermediary or type of account through which
you purchase or hold Fund shares. The Fund’s sales charge waivers and discounts disclosed in this prospectus are available for qualifying
purchases made directly from the Distributor and are generally available through financial intermediaries. The sales charge waivers, discounts
and/or breakpoints available through certain Financial Intermediaries are set forth in Appendix A to this prospectus (“Additional
Information about Sales Charge Waivers and Discounts”), which may differ from those available for purchases made directly from the
Distributor or certain other intermediaries. Please contact your Financial Intermediary for more information regarding applicable sales
charge waivers and discounts available to you and the relevant terms and conditions.
Letter
of Intent
The
letter of intent allows you to count all investments within a 13-month period in Class U-2 Shares of the Fund as if you were making
them all at once for the purposes of calculating the applicable reduced sales charges. The minimum initial investment under a letter of
intent is 5% of the total letter of intent amount. The letter of intent does not preclude the Fund from discontinuing sales of its shares.
You may include a purchase not originally made pursuant to a letter of intent under a letter of intent entered into within 90 days
of the original purchase. To determine the applicable sales charge reduction, you also may include (1) the cost of Class U-2
Shares of the Fund which were previously purchased at a price including a front end sales charge during the 90-day period prior to the
Distributor receiving the letter of intent, and (2) the historical cost of shares of other Funds you currently own acquired in exchange
for Class U-2 Shares, respectively, the Fund purchased during that period at a price including a front-end sales charge. You may
combine purchases and exchanges by family members (as defined by your Financial Intermediary) for purposes of the letter of intent. You
should retain any records necessary to substantiate historical costs because the Fund, the transfer agent and any Financial Intermediaries
may not maintain this information. Shares acquired through reinvestment of dividends are not aggregated to achieve the stated investment
goal.
Shareholder
Service Expenses
The
Fund has adopted a “Shareholder Services Plan” with respect to Class U-2 Shares under which the Fund may compensate financial
industry professionals for providing ongoing services in respect of clients with whom they have distributed shares of the Fund. Such services
may include electronic processing of
client
orders, electronic fund transfers between clients and the Fund, account reconciliations with the Fund’s transfer agent, facilitation
of electronic delivery to clients of Fund documentation, monitoring client accounts for back-up withholding and any other special tax
reporting obligations, maintenance of books and records with respect to the foregoing, and such other information and liaison services
as the Fund or the Advisors may reasonably request.
Under
the Shareholder Services Plan, the Fund, with respect to Class U-2 Shares, may incur expenses on an annual basis equal up to 0.25%
of its average net assets attributable to Class U-2 Shares.
Distribution
Plan
The
Fund, with respect to its Class U-2 Shares, is authorized under a “Distribution Plan” to pay to the Distributor a Distribution
Fee for certain activities relating to the distribution of shares to investors. These activities include marketing and other activities
to support the distribution of Class U-2 Shares. The Plan operates in a manner consistent with Rule 12b-1 under the 1940 Act,
which regulates the manner in which an open-end investment company may directly or indirectly bear the expenses of distributing its shares.
Although the Fund is not an open-end investment company, it has undertaken to comply with the terms of Rule 12b-1 as a condition
of an exemptive order under the 1940 Act which permits it to have asset based distribution fees. Under the Distribution Plan, the Fund
pays the Distributor a Distribution Fee at an annual rate of 0.50% of average daily net assets attributable to Class U-2 Shares.
About
the Distributor
ALPS
Distributors, Inc., located at 1290 Broadway, Suite 1000, Denver, CO 80203, serves as distributor of the Fund’s Shares.
DISTRIBUTIONS
The
Fund intends to make a distribution each month to its Shareholders of the net investment income of the Fund after payment of Fund operating
expenses. The dividend rate may be modified by the Board from time to time. Distributions can only be made from net investment income
after paying any accrued dividends to holders of Preferred Shares.
To
the extent that any portion of the Fund’s monthly distributions are considered a return of capital to Shareholders, such portion
would not be considered dividends for U.S. federal income tax purposes, and would represent a return of the amounts that such Shareholders
invested. Although such return of capital distributions are not currently taxable to Shareholders, such distributions will have the effect
of lowering a Shareholder’s tax basis in such Shares, and could result in a higher tax liability when the Shares are sold, even
if they have not increased in value, or in fact, have lost value. The Fund’s final distribution for each tax year is expected to
include any remaining investment company taxable income and net tax-exempt income undistributed during the tax year, as well as any undistributed
net capital gain realized during the tax year. If the total distributions made in any tax year exceed investment company taxable income,
net tax-exempt income and net capital gain, such excess distributed amount would be treated as ordinary dividend income to the extent
of the Fund’s current and accumulated earnings and profits. This distribution policy, may, under certain circumstances, have adverse
consequences to the Fund and its Shareholders because it may result in a return of capital resulting in less of a Shareholder’s
assets being invested in the Fund and, over time, increase the Fund’s expense ratio. The distribution policy also may cause the
Fund to sell securities at a time it would not otherwise do so to manage the distribution of income and gain. The initial distribution
will be declared on date determined by the Board.
Each
year, a statement on Form 1099-DIV identifying the sources of the distributions (i.e.,
paid from ordinary income, paid from net capital gains on the sale of securities, and/or a return of capital, which is a nontaxable distribution)
will be furnished to Shareholders subject to IRS reporting. Fund ordinary distributions may exceed the Fund’s earnings, especially
during the period before the Fund has substantially invested the proceeds from this offering. To the extent that the Fund pays distributions
to Shareholders using proceeds it receives from Fund distributions, such distributions generally would constitute a return of investor
capital and generally will lower an investor’s tax basis in his or her Shares. A return of capital generally is a return of an investor’s
investment rather than a return of earnings or gains derived from the Fund’s investment activities. There can be no assurance that
the Fund will be able to pay distributions at a specific rate or at all.
As
discussed in the “Tax Aspects” section, to qualify for and maintain RIC tax treatment, the Fund is required to distribute
on a timely basis with respect to each tax year dividends for U.S. federal income tax purposes of an amount at least equal to the sum
of 90% of “investment company taxable income” and net tax-exempt interest income, determined without regard to any deduction
for dividends paid, for such tax year. To avoid certain excise taxes imposed on RICs, the Fund is required to distribute in respect of
each calendar year dividends of an amount at least equal to the sum of (1) 98% of ordinary income (taking into account certain deferrals
and elections) for the calendar year, (2) 98.2% of capital gain net income (adjusted for certain ordinary losses) generally for the
one-year period ending on October 31 of the calendar year and (3) any ordinary income and capital gain net income for previous calendar years
that were not distributed during such calendar years and on which the Fund paid no U.S. federal income tax. The Fund can offer no
assurance that it will achieve results that will permit the payment of any cash distributions. If the Fund issues senior securities, the
Fund will be prohibited from making distributions if doing so causes it to fail to maintain the asset coverage ratios stipulated by the
1940 Act or if distributions are limited by the terms of any of the Fund’s borrowings. Any such limitations would adversely impact
the Fund’s ability to make distributions to Shareholders.
Dividend
Reinvestment Plan
The
Fund will operate under the DRP administered by SS&C GIDS, Inc. Pursuant to the plan, the Fund’s Distributions, net of any applicable
U.S. withholding tax, are reinvested in the same class of shares of the Fund.
Shareholders
automatically participate in the DRP, unless and until an election is made to withdraw from the plan on behalf of such participating Shareholder.
A Shareholder who does not wish to have
Distributions
automatically reinvested may terminate participation in the DRP at any time by written instructions to that effect to SS&C GIDS, Inc.
Shareholders who elect not to participate in the DRP will receive all distributions in cash paid to the Shareholder of record (or, if
the shares are held in street or other nominee name, then to such nominee). Such written instructions must be received by the SS&C
GIDS, Inc. 30 days prior to the record date of the Distribution or the Shareholder will receive such Distribution in shares through
the DRP. Under the DRP, the Fund’s Distributions to Shareholders are automatically reinvested in full and fractional shares as described
below.
When
the Fund declares a Distribution, SS&C GIDS, Inc., on the Shareholder’s behalf, will receive additional authorized shares from
the Fund either newly issued or repurchased from Shareholders by the Fund and held as treasury stock. The number of shares to be received
when Distributions are reinvested will be determined by dividing the amount of the Distribution by the Fund’s NAV per share.
SS&C
GIDS, Inc. will maintain all Shareholder accounts and furnish written confirmations of all transactions in the accounts, including information
needed by Shareholders for personal and tax records. SS&C GIDS, Inc. will hold shares in the account of the Shareholders in non-certificated
form in the name of the participant, and each Shareholder’s proxy, if any, will include those shares purchased pursuant to the DRP.
Each participant, nevertheless, has the right to request certificates for whole and fractional shares owned. The Fund will issue certificates
in its sole discretion. SS&C GIDS, Inc. will distribute all proxy solicitation materials, if any, to participating Shareholders.
In
the case of Shareholders, such as banks, brokers or nominees, that hold shares for others who are beneficial owners participating under
the DRP, SS&C GIDS, Inc. will administer the DRP on the basis of the number of shares certified from time to time by the record Shareholder
as representing the total amount of shares registered in the Shareholder’s name and held for the account of beneficial owners participating
under the DRP.
Neither
SS&C GIDS, Inc. nor the Fund shall have any responsibility or liability beyond the exercise of ordinary care for any action taken
or omitted pursuant to the DRP, nor shall they have any duties, responsibilities or liabilities except such as expressly set forth herein.
Neither shall they be liable hereunder for any act done in good faith or for any good faith omissions to act, including, without limitation,
failure to terminate a participant’s account prior to receipt of written notice of his or her death or with respect to prices at
which shares are purchased or sold for the participants account and the terms on which such purchases and sales are made, subject to applicable
provisions of the federal securities laws.
The
automatic reinvestment of Dividends will not relieve participants of any federal, state or local income tax that may be payable (or required
to be withheld) on such Dividends. See “Tax Aspects.”
The
Fund reserves the right to amend or terminate the DRP. There is no direct service charge to participants with regard to purchases under
the DRP; however, the Fund reserves the right to amend the DRP to include a service charge payable by the participants.
All
correspondence concerning the DRP should be directed to SS&C GIDS, Inc. at CION Ares Diversified Credit Fund c/o SS&C GIDS,
Inc., P.O. Box 219422, Kansas City, MO 64121-9422. Certain transactions can be performed by calling the toll free number 888-729-4266.
FISCAL
YEAR; REPORTS
For
accounting purposes, the Fund’s fiscal year and tax year end on December 31. As soon as practicable after the end of each calendar
year, a statement on Form 1099-DIV identifying the sources of the distributions paid by the Fund to Shareholders for tax purposes will
be furnished to Shareholders subject to IRS reporting. In addition, the Fund will prepare and transmit to Shareholders an unaudited semi-annual
and an audited annual report within 60 days after the close of the period for which the report is being made, or as otherwise required
by the 1940 Act.
PRIVACY
NOTICE
We
are committed to maintaining the privacy of our Shareholders and to safeguarding their nonpublic personal information. The following information
is provided to help you understand what personal information we collect, how we protect that information and why, in certain cases, we
may share information with select other parties.
Generally,
we will not receive any non-public personal information about Shareholders of the common stock of the Fund, although certain of our Shareholders’
non-public information may become available to us. The non-public personal information that we may receive falls into the following categories:
•
Information
we receive from Shareholders, whether we receive it orally, in writing or electronically. This includes Shareholders’ communications
to us concerning their investment;
•
Information
about Shareholders’ transactions and history with us; or
•
Other
general information that we may obtain about Shareholders, such as demographic and contact information such as address.
We
do not disclose any non-public personal information about Shareholders, except:
•
to
our affiliates (such as our investment advisor) and their employees that have a legitimate business need for the information;
•
to
our service providers (such as our administrator, accountants, attorneys, custodians, transfer agent, underwriter and proxy solicitors)
and their employees as is necessary to service Shareholder accounts or otherwise provide the applicable service;
•
to
comply with court orders, subpoenas, lawful discovery requests, or other legal or regulatory requirements; or
•
as
allowed or required by applicable law or regulation.
When
the Fund shares non-public Shareholder personal information referred to above, the information is made available for limited business
purposes and under controlled circumstances designed to protect our Shareholders’ privacy. The Fund does not permit use of Shareholder
information for any non-business or marketing purpose, nor does the Fund permit third parties to rent, sell, trade or otherwise release
or disclose information to any other party.
The
Fund’s service providers, such as their advisor, administrator, and transfer agent, are required to maintain physical, electronic,
and procedural safeguards to protect Shareholder nonpublic personal information; to prevent unauthorized access or use; and to dispose
of such information when it is no longer required.
Personnel
of affiliates may access Shareholder information only for business purposes. The degree of access is based on the sensitivity of the information
and on personnel need for the information to service a Shareholder’s account or comply with legal requirements.
If
a Shareholder ceases to be a Shareholder, we will adhere to the privacy policies and practices as described above. We may choose to modify
our privacy policies at any time. Before we do so, we will notify Shareholders and provide a description of our privacy policy.
In
the event of a corporate change in control resulting from, for example, a sale to, or merger with, another entity, or in the event of
a sale of assets, we reserve the right to transfer your non-public personal information to the new party in control or the party acquiring
assets.
INQUIRIES
Inquiries
concerning the Fund and the Shares should be directed to:
CION
Ares Management, LLC
Investor Services
100 Grossman Drive, Suite 301
Braintree, MA 02184
888-729-4266
CION
Ares Diversified Credit Fund — Statement of Additional Information
Appendix A:
Additional
Information about Sales Charge Waivers and Discounts
The
availability of certain sales charge waivers and discounts may depend on the particular financial intermediary or type of account through
which you purchase or hold Fund shares. For waivers or discounts not available through a particular financial intermediary, investors
will have to purchase shares directly from the Fund (or the Distributor) or through another financial intermediary to receive such waivers
or discounts.
The
following descriptions of breakpoints and/or sales charge waivers and discounts for a particular financial intermediary set forth information
provided by the financial intermediary that such intermediary has represented is current as of the date of this prospectus. These breakpoints,
waivers or discounts, which may vary from those disclosed elsewhere in the prospectus, are subject to change. The Fund will update this
Appendix periodically based on information provided by the applicable financial intermediary. Neither the Fund, the Advisor nor the Distributor
supervises the implementation of these breakpoints, waivers or discounts or verifies the intermediaries’ administration of these
breakpoints, waivers or discounts.
In
all instances, it is an investor’s responsibility to notify the financial intermediary of any facts that may qualify the investor
for sales charge waivers or discounts. Please contact your financial intermediary for more information regarding the sales charge waivers
and discounts available to you and the intermediary’s related policies and procedures.
Wells
Fargo:
The
following sales load breakpoints and waivers apply to Class U-2 Shares purchases if you have an account with or otherwise purchase
Fund shares directly through Wells Fargo. For the avoidance of doubt, the following sales load breakpoints and waivers are not applicable
to purchases placed by other brokers that are clearing through Wells Fargo or its affiliates. You may reduce or eliminate the below sales
charges applicable to such purchases through utilization of the Combined Purchase Privilege, Right of Accumulation (Cumulative Quantity
Discount), or Letter of Intent programs, as disclosed elsewhere in the prospectus.
Break Point
|
|
|
As a % of offering
price |
|
|
As a % of net amount
invested |
|
Less than $500,000
|
|
|
|
|
2.0% |
|
|
|
|
|
2.04% |
|
|
$500,000 – $999,999
|
|
|
|
|
1.5% |
|
|
|
|
|
1.52% |
|
|
$1,000,000 or
more |
|
|
|
|
1.0% |
|
|
|
|
|
1.01% |
|
|
Investors
should rely only on the information contained in this prospectus. No dealer, salesperson or other individual has been authorized to give
any information or to make any representations that are not contained in this prospectus. If any such information or statements are given
or made, investors should not rely upon such information or representations. This prospectus does not constitute an offer to sell any
securities other than those to which this prospectus relates, or an offer to sell to, or a solicitation of an offer to buy from, any person
in any jurisdiction where such an offer or solicitation would be unlawful. This prospectus speaks as of the date set forth below. Investors
should not assume that the delivery of this prospectus or that any sale made pursuant to this prospectus implies that the information
contained in this prospectus will remain fully accurate and correct as of any time subsequent to the date of this prospectus.
CION
ARES DIVERSIFIED CREDIT FUND
COMMON
SHARES OF BENEFICIAL INTEREST
CLASS U-2 SHARES (CADSX)
PROSPECTUS
April 28,
2023
PROSPECTUS
April 28,
2023
CION ARES
DIVERSIFIED CREDIT FUND
COMMON SHARES OF BENEFICIAL INTEREST
CLASS W SHARES (CADFX)
$25,000 MINIMUM PURCHASE
CION
Ares Diversified Credit Fund (the “Fund”) is a Delaware statutory trust that is registered under the Investment Company Act
of 1940, as amended (the “1940 Act”), as a diversified, closed-end management investment company.
Investment
Objective. The Fund’s investment objective is to provide superior risk-adjusted
returns across various market cycles by investing in a diversified portfolio of liquid and illiquid asset classes. The Fund seeks to capitalize
on market inefficiencies and relative value opportunities throughout the entire global credit spectrum. There can be no assurance that
the Fund will achieve its investment objective.
Interval
Fund. The Fund is designed primarily for long-term investors and not as a trading
vehicle. The Fund is an “interval fund” (defined below) pursuant to which it, subject to applicable law, will conduct
quarterly repurchase offers for between 5% and 25% of the Fund’s outstanding common shares of beneficial interest (“Shares”)
at net asset value (“NAV”). In connection with any given repurchase offer, it is expected that the Fund will offer to repurchase
only the minimum amount of 5% of its outstanding Shares. It is also possible that a repurchase offer may be oversubscribed, with the result
that holders of Shares (“Shareholders”) may only be able to have a portion of their Shares repurchased. The Fund does not
currently intend to list its Shares for trading on any national securities exchange. The Shares are, therefore, not readily marketable.
Even though the Fund will make quarterly repurchase offers to repurchase a portion of the Shares to try to provide liquidity to Shareholders,
you should consider the Shares to be illiquid.
Principal
Investment Strategies. The Fund will invest primarily in a portfolio of directly
originated loans, secured floating and fixed rate syndicated loans, corporate bonds, asset-backed securities, commercial real estate loans
and other types of credit instruments, which, under normal circumstances, will represent at least 80% of the Fund’s Managed Assets
(as defined in this prospectus). For purposes of this policy, “credit instruments” may include commercial real estate mezzanine
loans, real estate mortgages, distressed securities, notes, bills, debentures, bank loans, convertible and preferred securities, government
and municipal obligations. The Fund may also invest in foreign instruments and illiquid and restricted securities. Most
of the credit instruments in which the Fund invests will be rated below investment grade by rating agencies or would be rated below investment
grade if they were rated. Credit instruments that are rated below investment grade (commonly referred to as “high yield” securities
or “junk bonds”) are regarded as having predominantly speculative characteristics with respect to the issuer’s capacity
to pay interest and repay principal. Because of the risks associated with investing in high yield securities, an investment in the Fund
should be considered speculative. Some of the credit instruments will have no credit rating at all.
Unlisted
Closed-End Fund. An investment in the Fund is subject to, among others, the
following risks:
•
There
is not expected to be any secondary trading market in the Shares.
•
Unlike
an investor in most closed-end funds, Shareholders should not expect to be able to sell their Shares regardless of how the Fund performs.
An investment in the Fund is considered illiquid.
•
If
a Shareholder is able to sell its Shares outside the quarterly repurchase process, the Shareholder likely will receive less than their
purchase price and the then current NAV per Share.
•
An
investor may pay a sales load of up to 3.00% for Class W Shares.
•
Unlike
most closed-end funds, the Shares are not listed on any securities exchange. The Fund intends to provide liquidity through quarterly offers
to repurchase a limited amount of the Fund’s Shares (at least 5%).
•
There
is no assurance that monthly distributions paid by the Fund will be maintained at the targeted level or that dividends will be paid at
all.
•
The
Fund’s distributions may be funded from unlimited amounts of offering proceeds or borrowings, which may constitute a return of capital
and reduce the amount of capital available to the Fund for investment. Any capital returned to Shareholders through distributions will
be distributed after payment of fees and expenses.
•
A
return of capital to Shareholders is a return of a portion of their original investment in the Fund, thereby reducing the tax basis of
their investment. As a result from such reduction in tax basis, Shareholders may be subject to tax in connection with the sale of Fund
Shares, even if such Shares are sold at a loss relative to the Shareholder’s original investment.
•
The
Fund’s distributions may result from expense reimbursements from CION Ares Management, LLC (“CAM” or the “Advisor”),
which are subject to repayment by the Fund. Shareholders should understand that any such distributions are not based on the Fund’s
investment performance and can only be sustained if the Fund achieves positive investment performance in future periods and/or CAM continues
to make such expense reimbursements. Shareholders should also understand that the Fund’s future repayments will reduce the distributions
that a Shareholder would otherwise receive.
•
The
Fund currently employs leverage through senior secured revolving credit facilities and its outstanding Mandatory Redeemable Preferred
Shares (“MRP Shares” and, together with any other preferred shares the Fund may have outstanding, “Preferred Shares”).
The Fund intends to continue to utilize leverage and may utilize leverage to the maximum extent permitted by law for investment and other
general corporate purposes. See “Types of Investments and Related Risks — Structured Products Risks — Leverage
Risk.”
Investing in Shares involves
a high degree of risk. See “Types of Investments and Related Risks” beginning on page 34
of this prospectus.
The date of this prospectus
is April 28, 2023.
|
|
|
Per
Class W Share(1) |
|
|
Total(1) |
|
Public Offering
Price |
|
|
Current NAV,
plus sales load |
|
|
Unlimited |
|
Sales Load(1) |
|
|
3.00% |
|
|
Up
to 3.00% |
|
Proceeds to
Fund Before Expenses(2) |
|
|
$
amount invested at current NAV |
|
|
Unlimited |
|
(1)
Generally,
the stated minimum initial investment by an investor in the Fund for Class W Shares is $25,000, which stated minimum may be reduced
for certain investors. Investors purchasing Class W Shares may be charged a sales load of up to 3.00% of the Investor’s subscription.
The table assumes the maximum sales load is charged. The Fund is offering on a continuous basis an unlimited number of Shares.
(2)
Pursuant
to an expense support and conditional reimbursement agreement, dated as of December 6, 2016, as amended and restated (the “Expense
Support and Conditional Reimbursement Agreement”), between the Fund and the Advisor, the Fund will be obligated to reimburse the
Advisor for any such payments. See “Fund Expenses.”
Structure. The
Fund does not currently intend to list its Shares for trading on any securities exchange and does not expect any secondary market to develop
for its Shares. Shareholders of the Fund are not able to have their Shares redeemed or otherwise sell their Shares on a daily basis because
the Fund is an unlisted closed-end fund. To provide some liquidity to Shareholders, the Fund is structured as an “interval fund”
and conducts periodic repurchase offers for a portion of its outstanding Shares, as described below. An investment in the Fund is suitable
only for long-term investors who can bear the risks associated with the limited liquidity of the Shares.
Investment
Advisor and Sub-Advisor. The investment advisor to the Fund is CAM, a joint
venture between affiliates of Ares Management Corporation (“Ares”) and CION Investment Group, LLC (“CION”), that
is registered as an investment advisor with the U.S. Securities and Exchange Commission (the “SEC”) under the Investment Advisers
Act of 1940, as amended (the “Advisers Act”). The investment sub-advisor to the Fund is Ares Capital Management II LLC (“Ares
Capital” or the “Sub-Advisor” and collectively with the Advisor, the “Advisors”), an investment advisor
registered with the SEC under the Advisers Act. CAM oversees the management of the Fund’s activities and is responsible for making
investment decisions for the Fund’s portfolio with recommendations and support from Ares Capital.
Securities
Offered. The Fund is offering on a continuous basis an unlimited number of
common shares of beneficial interest. Class A Shares and Class C Shares are offered by this prospectus. The Fund offers Class A
Shares, Class C Shares, Class I Shares, Class L Shares, Class U Shares and Class U-2 Shares through different
prospectuses. The maximum sales load is 3.00% of the amount invested for Class W Shares. The minimum initial investment by a Shareholder
for Class W is $25,000; subsequent investments may be made with at least $10,000. The Fund reserves the right to waive the investment
minimum. Shares are being offered through ALPS Distributors, Inc. (the “Distributor”) at an offering price equal to the Fund’s
then current NAV per Share, plus the applicable sales load.
This
prospectus concisely provides the information that a prospective investor should know about the Fund before investing. Investors are advised
to read this prospectus carefully and to retain it for future reference. Additional information about the Fund, including a statement
of additional information, dated April 28, 2023 (the “Statement of Additional Information”), has been filed with the
SEC and is incorporated by reference in its entirety into this prospectus. The Statement of Additional Information and the Fund’s
annual and semi-annual reports and other information filed with the SEC, can be obtained upon request and without charge by writing to
the Fund at CION Securities, LLC, 100 Park Avenue, 25th
Floor, New York, NY 10017 or by calling toll-free 888-729-4266, and investors may also request such information or make Shareholder
inquiries by calling 888-729-4266 or by visiting www.cioninvestments.com.
In addition, the contact information provided above may be used to request additional information about the Fund and to make Shareholder
inquiries. The Statement of Additional Information, other material incorporated by reference into this prospectus and other information
about the Fund is also available on the SEC’s website at http://www.sec.gov.
The address of the SEC’s website is provided solely for the information of prospective investors and is not intended to be an active
link.
The
Fund and the Advisors have obtained exemptive relief to, among other things, (i) designate multiple classes of Shares; and (ii) impose
class specific annual asset-based distribution fees on the assets of the various classes of Shares to be used to pay for expenses incurred
in fostering the distribution of the Shares of the particular class.
Shares
are not deposits or obligations of, and are not guaranteed or endorsed by, any bank or other insured depository institution, and Shares
are not insured by the Federal Deposit Insurance Corporation, the Board of Governors of the Federal Reserve System or any other government
agency.
Neither
the SEC nor any state securities commission has approved or disapproved these securities or determined if this prospectus is truthful
or complete. Any representation to the contrary is a criminal offense.
TABLE
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SUMMARY
OF TERMS
This
is only a summary and does not contain all of the information that a prospective investor should consider before investing in the Fund.
Before investing, a prospective investor in the Fund should carefully read the more detailed information appearing elsewhere in this prospectus
and the Statement of Additional Information.
The
Fund is a Delaware statutory trust that is registered under the 1940 Act as a diversified, closed-end management investment company. The
Fund is operated as an “interval fund” (as defined below).
CAM
serves as the Fund’s investment advisor. CAM is registered as an investment advisor with the SEC under the Advisers Act.
CAM
is a joint venture between affiliates of Ares and CION and is controlled by Ares.
Ares
Capital serves as the Fund’s investment sub-advisor. Ares Capital is registered as an investment advisor with the SEC under the
Advisers Act.
CAM
and Ares Capital are collectively referred to as the Advisors. CAM oversees the management of the Fund’s activities and is responsible
for making investment decisions for the Fund’s portfolio with recommendations and support from Ares Capital.
The
Fund’s investment objective is to provide superior risk-adjusted returns across various market cycles by investing in a diversified
portfolio of liquid and illiquid asset classes. The Fund seeks to capitalize on market inefficiencies and relative value opportunities
throughout the entire global credit spectrum. There can be no assurance that the Fund will achieve its investment objective.
INVESTMENT
OPPORTUNITIES AND STRATEGIES
The
Fund will invest primarily in a portfolio of directly originated loans, secured floating and fixed rate syndicated loans, corporate bonds,
asset-backed securities, commercial real estate loans and other types of credit instruments, which, under normal circumstances, will represent
at least 80% of the Fund’s Managed Assets. For purposes of this policy, “credit instruments” may include commercial
real estate mezzanine loans, real estate mortgages, distressed securities, notes, bills, debentures, bank loans, convertible and preferred
securities, government and municipal obligations. The Fund may also invest in foreign instruments and illiquid and restricted securities.
“Managed Assets” means the total assets of the Fund (including any assets attributable to any Preferred Shares or to indebtedness)
minus the Fund’s liabilities other than liabilities relating to indebtedness.
Opportunistic,
Flexible, Untethered Credit Investments Strategy. The Advisors employ an opportunistic,
flexible and untethered global credit investments strategy based on absolute and relative value considerations, as well as analysis of
the credit markets. The Advisors seek risk-adjusted returns over full market cycles by creating and managing a diversified portfolio across
multiple industry sectors and geographic regions. The Advisors systematically allocate capital across multiple segments of the global
fixed-income markets, including U.S. and non-U.S. credit instruments. It is anticipated that most of the Fund’s investments will
be rated below investment grade or would be rated below investment grade if they were rated. Non-investment grade fixed income securities,
also known as “junk bonds”, are considered speculative. Some of the credit instruments will have no credit rating at all.
The Fund is untethered to benchmark-specific guidelines, thereby providing the Advisors with significant latitude to invest where they
see opportunities and to reduce exposure to areas where they see less value or heightened downside risks.
Relative
Value Focus. A primary driver of the Fund’s investment strategy is a
relative value focus whereby the Advisors seek to identify market dislocations caused by, among other factors, (i) significant corporate
transactional events, such as spinoffs, mergers and acquisitions, industry consolidations, liquidations, reorganizations, bankruptcies,
recapitalizations and share buybacks and other extraordinary corporate transactions; (ii) market inefficiencies resulting from the
misunderstanding by the broader investment community of a particular company or industry, which misunderstanding results in the income
of such investment reflecting a higher risk premium or the market price of such investment reflecting a lower value than is deemed warranted
by the Advisors; (iii) companies experiencing financial stress resulting in a mispricing of their securities either because such
securities pay higher income due to perceived risk or trade at a significant discount to fair value whereby the underlying asset values
limit downside risk and offer meaningful upside potential; and (iv) sell-offs in one or more of the relevant credit markets.
Access
to Ares Transaction Flow. The Advisors intend to benefit from the market presence,
scale, infrastructure and demonstrated investment experience of Ares to gain access to transaction flow and a broad set of investment
opportunities across the non-investment grade credit spectrum. Unlike many other alternative investment managers, Ares operates in a fully
integrated manner and encourages frequent collaboration among its investment professionals. This unique approach allows Ares to draw from
the collective market insight, industry expertise, contacts and experience of its over 880 investment professionals around the world.
The
Fund intends to focus on what the Advisors believe are the broader Ares platform’s most attractive investment ideas from a risk-adjusted
return standpoint in order to achieve its investment objective. The Advisors intend to be opportunistic. As such, the Advisors have the
flexibility to invest where they see opportunities, based on their extensive credit research expertise and analysis of the relevant credit
markets, in a variety of credit instruments with varying yield and risk profiles.
Active
Monitoring and Investing, with Bottom-Up and Top-Down Credit Analysis by Deep and Experienced
Team. The
Advisors will actively construct and manage a portfolio of credit investments and, as necessary, periodically rebalance the Fund’s
allocation of assets among different types of credit investments utilizing the Advisors’ strategies to seek to optimize the Fund’s
allocation to achieve the Fund’s investment objective under the market conditions existing at such time.
With
respect to each investment opportunity, the Advisors intend to take a bottom-up and top-down approach to their credit analysis that will
focus on each individual investment as well as global macroeconomic factors and the industry in which the subject entity operates. The
Advisors’ investment process will be rigorous, proactive and continuous, and will emphasize team management. Close monitoring of
each investment in the portfolio provides the basis for making buy, sell and hold decisions. In managing the Fund’s portfolio, the
Advisors will utilize their and the broader Ares platform’s deep and experienced teams of credit specialists to analyze investments
and engage in regular and periodic monitoring of credit risk with a goal toward the early identification, and sale, of credit instruments
and other investments with potential credit problems. This monitoring process may include reviewing (i) an issuer’s financial
resources and operating history; (ii) a comparison of an issuer’s current operating results with the Advisors’ initial
investment thesis for the investment and initial expectations for the performance of the obligation; (iii) an issuer’s sensitivity
to economic conditions; (iv) the performance of an issuer’s management; (v) an issuer’s debt maturities and borrowing
requirements; (vi) an issuer’s interest and asset coverage; and (vii) the relative value of an investment based on an
issuer’s anticipated cash flow or where other comparable assets are trading in the market.
The
Fund’s portfolio will consist of some combination of the following types of investments:
Direct
Lending. The Fund may invest in first lien senior secured loans (including
“unitranche” loans, which are loans that combine both senior and mezzanine debt, generally in a first lien position), second
lien senior secured loans and mezzanine debt, which in some cases includes an equity component, of U.S. and European middle-market
companies,
where the Advisors believe the supply of primary capital is limited and the investment opportunities are most attractive. These investments
are typically made to companies with annual EBITDA between $10 million and $250 million. As used herein, EBITDA represents net
income before net interest expense, income tax expense, depreciation and amortization.
Syndicated
Corporate Loans. Senior, secured corporate loans (“Syndicated Loans”)
generally benefit from liens on collateral, are rated below-investment grade and typically pay interest at rates that are determined periodically
on the basis of a floating base lending rate, primarily the London-Interbank Offered Rate (“LIBOR”), the Secured Overnight
Financing Rate (“SOFR”), or another reference rate, plus a spread. Syndicated Loans are typically made to U.S. and, to a lesser
extent, non-U.S. corporations, partnerships, limited liability companies and other business entities (together with issuers of Corporate
Bonds (as defined below) and other debt securities, (“Borrowers”) which operate in various industries and geographical regions.
Borrowers may obtain Syndicated Loans, among other reasons, to refinance existing debt, engage in acquisitions, pay dividends, recapitalize,
complete leveraged buyouts and for general corporate purposes. Syndicated Loans rated below investment grade are sometimes referred to
as “leveraged loans”. The Fund may invest in Syndicated Loans through assignments of or, to a lesser extent, participations
in Syndicated Loans. The Fund may utilize various types of derivative instruments (“Derivatives”), including total return
swaps for the purpose of gaining exposure to Syndicated Loans.
Corporate
Bonds. An issuer of high-yield corporate bonds (“Corporate Bonds”)
typically pays the investor a fixed rate of interest and must repay the amount borrowed on or before maturity. The investment return of
Corporate Bonds reflects interest on the security and changes in the market value of the security. The market value of a Corporate Bond
generally may be expected to rise and fall inversely with interest rates. The value of intermediate- and longer-term Corporate Bonds normally
fluctuates more in response to changes in interest rates than does the value of shorter-term Corporate Bonds. The market value of a Corporate
Bond also may be affected by investors’ perceptions of the creditworthiness of the issuer, the issuer’s performance and perceptions
of the issuer in the market place. There is a risk that the issuers of Corporate Bonds may not be able to meet their obligations on interest
or principal payments at the time called for by an instrument. The Fund may utilize various types of Derivatives, including swaps, for
the purpose of gaining exposure to Corporate Bonds.
Structured
Credit. The Fund may invest in asset-backed opportunities across broad sectors
such as consumer and commercial specialty finance and corporate credit. The Fund
will
target investment opportunities that are directly originated and privately negotiated that may include (i) financings secured by
pools of consumer loans, commercial loans or real estate assets; (ii) the outright purchase of pools of consumer loans, commercial
loans or real estate assets; and (iii) debt and equity investments in U.S.-dollar-denominated collateralized loan obligations (“CLOs”)
that are primarily backed by corporate leveraged loans issued to primarily U.S. obligors (“U.S. CLOs”), as well as Euro-denominated
CLOs that are backed primarily by corporate leveraged loans issued to primarily European obligors (“European CLOs”). The investments
in the “equity” of structured credit products (including CLOs) refers to the junior-most or residual debt tranche of such
structured credit products (i.e.,
the tranche whose rights to payment are not senior to any other tranche, which does not typically receive a credit rating and is typically
not secured (and is also typically referred to as subordinated notes, income notes, preferred shares or preferred securities, or, more
generally, as “equity”)) (the “Residual Tranche”).
The
CLO equity tranches (or other similar junior tranches) and privately issued asset-backed securities in which the Fund invests may be highly
leveraged, which magnifies the Fund’s risk of loss on such investments.
Stressed
Investments. The Fund may invest in Syndicated Loans and Corporate Bonds and
other obligations of companies, referred to herein as “Stressed Issuers,” that may be in some level of financial or business
distress, including companies involved in, or that have recently completed, bankruptcy or other reorganization and liquidation proceedings.
These investments may include (i) corporate debt instruments relating to stressed and distressed industries or issuers; (ii) rescue-capital
opportunities; (iii) public and private stock issued in connection with restructurings and reorganizations or otherwise (“post-reorganization
securities”); and (iv) other opportunistic investments resulting from periods of market dislocation.
Commercial
Real Estate Loans.
Senior
Mortgage Loans: These mortgage loans are typically secured by first liens on commercial properties, including the following
property types: office, multifamily, retail, industrial, hospitality and mixed-use. In some cases, first lien mortgages may be divided
into an A-Note and a B-Note. The A-Note is typically a privately negotiated loan that is secured by a first mortgage on a commercial property
or group of related properties that is senior to a B-Note secured by the same first mortgage property or group.
Subordinated
Debt: These loans may include structurally subordinated first mortgage loans and junior participations in first mortgage
loans or
participations
in these types of assets. As noted above, a B-Note is typically a privately negotiated loan that is secured by a first mortgage on a commercial
property or group of related properties and is subordinated to an A-Note secured by the same first mortgage property or group. The subordination
of a B-Note or junior participation typically is evidenced by participations or intercreditor agreements with other holders of interests
in the note. B-Notes are subject to more credit risk with respect to the underlying mortgage collateral than the corresponding A-Note.
Preferred
Equity: Real estate preferred equity investments are subordinate to first mortgage loans and are not collateralized by
the property underlying the investment. As a holder of preferred equity, the Fund seeks to enhance its position with covenants that limit
the activities of the entity in which the Fund has an interest and protect the Fund’s equity by obtaining an exclusive right to
control the underlying property after an event of default, should such a default occur on the Fund’s investment.
Mezzanine
Loans: Like B-Notes, these loans are also subordinated, but are usually secured by a pledge of the borrower’s equity
ownership in the entity that owns the property or by a second lien mortgage on the property. In a liquidation, these loans are generally
junior to any mortgage liens on the underlying property, but senior to any preferred equity or common equity interests in the entity that
owns the property. Investor rights are usually governed by intercreditor agreements.
Other
Investment Strategies. The Fund may also invest in commercial real estate mezzanine
loans, real estate mortgages, distressed securities, notes, bills, debentures, bank loans, convertible and preferred securities, government
and municipal obligations and other credit instruments with similar economic characteristics. In addition, from time to time, the Fund
may invest in or hold common stock and other equity securities incidental to the purchase or ownership of a Syndicated Loan or Corporate
Bond or in connection with a reorganization of a borrower. The Fund may engage in short sales. The Fund may also use Derivatives to gain
investment exposure to credit instruments, to provide downside protection and to dampen volatility. Derivatives may allow the Fund to
increase or decrease the level of risk to which the Fund is exposed more quickly and efficiently than transactions in other types of instruments.
The Fund may invest in securities of other investment companies, including ETFs, to the extent that these investments are consistent with
the Fund’s investment objective, strategies and policies and permissible under the 1940 Act or any applicable exemption therefrom.
The Fund may invest in other investment companies to gain broad
market
or sector exposure, including during periods when it has large amounts of uninvested cash or when the Advisors believe share prices of
other investment companies offer attractive values.
Other
Characteristics
Below
Investment Grade Credit Instruments. Most of the credit instruments in which
the Fund may invest will be rated below investment grade (also known as “junk bonds”). Securities rated below investment grade
are those that, at the time of investment, are rated Ba1 or lower by Moody’s Investors Service, Inc. (“Moody’s”),
or BB+ or lower by Standard & Poor’s Corporation Ratings Group (“S&P”) or Fitch Ratings, Inc. (“Fitch”),
or if unrated are determined by the Advisors to be of comparable quality. Below investment grade securities often are regarded as having
predominately speculative characteristics with respect to an issuer’s capacity to pay interest and repay principal. In addition,
lower quality debt securities tend to be more sensitive to general economic conditions. Although many of the Fund’s investments
may consist of securities rated below investment grade, the Fund reserves the right to invest in credit instruments of any credit quality,
maturity and duration.
Foreign
Instruments. The Fund may make investments in non-U.S. entities, including
issuers in emerging markets. Emerging market countries are countries that major international financial institutions, such as the World
Bank, generally consider to be less economically mature than developed nations, such as the United States or most nations in Western Europe.
Emerging market countries can include every nation in the world except the United States, Canada, Japan, Australia, New Zealand, most
countries located in Western Europe and certain other countries. The Fund expects that its investment in non-U.S. issuers will be made
primarily in U.S. dollar denominated securities, but it reserves the right to purchase securities that are foreign currency denominated.
Some non-U.S. securities may be less liquid and more volatile than securities of comparable U.S. issuers.
Illiquid
and Restricted Securities. The Fund may invest in instruments that, at the
time of investment, are illiquid (generally, those securities that cannot be disposed of within seven days in the ordinary course of business
at approximately the value at which the Fund has valued the securities). Although the Fund may invest in such instruments without limitation,
pursuant to the requirements of the 1940 Act, the Board of Trustees (the “Board”) has adopted, and the Fund follows, procedures
designed to ensure that the Fund maintains sufficient liquidity to meet its periodic repurchase obligations as an interval fund. The Fund
may also invest, without limit, in securities that are unregistered (but are eligible for purchase and sale by certain qualified institutional
buyers) or are held by control persons
of
the issuer and securities that are subject to contractual restrictions on their resale.
The
Fund may invest its cash balances in money market instruments, U.S. government securities, commercial paper, certificates of deposit,
repurchase agreements and other high-quality debt instruments maturing in one year or less, among other instruments. In addition, and
in response to adverse market, economic or political conditions, the Fund may invest in high-quality fixed income securities, money market
instruments and money market funds or may hold significant positions in cash or cash equivalents for defensive purposes.
MANAGEMENT
AND INCENTIVE FEES
Pursuant
to the investment advisory agreement, dated as of December 6, 2016 (the “Investment Advisory Agreement”), by and between
the Fund and the Advisor, and in consideration of the advisory services provided by the Advisor to the Fund, the Advisor is entitled to
a fee consisting of two components — a base management fee (the “Management Fee”) and an incentive fee (the
“Incentive Fee”). The Investment Advisory Agreement was most recently amended and restated as of May 22, 2020. Pursuant
to the investment sub-advisory agreement, dated as of December 6, 2016 (the “Investment Sub-Advisory Agreement”), by
and between the Advisors and the Fund, the Advisor pays the Sub-Advisor 40% of the Management Fee and Incentive Fee actually received
and retained and not otherwise used to support expenses.
The
Management Fee is calculated and payable monthly at the annual rate of 1.25% of the average daily value of the Fund’s Managed Assets.
The
Incentive Fee is calculated and payable quarterly in arrears based upon “pre-incentive fee net investment income” attributable
to each class of the Fund’s Shares for the immediately preceding fiscal quarter, and is subject to a hurdle rate, expressed as a
rate of return based on each class’s average daily net asset value (calculated in accordance with GAAP), equal to 1.50% per quarter
(or an annualized hurdle rate of 6.00%), subject to a “catch-up” feature. For this purpose, “pre-incentive fee net investment
income” means interest income, dividend income and any other income accrued during the fiscal quarter, minus each class’s
operating expenses for the quarter and the distribution and/or shareholder servicing fees (if any) applicable to each class accrued during
the fiscal quarter. For such purposes, the Fund’s operating expenses will include the Management Fee, expenses reimbursed to CAM
under the administration agreement, dated as of December 6, 2016 (the “CAM Administration Agreement”), by and between
the Fund and CAM, and any interest expense and distributions paid on any issued and outstanding Preferred Shares, but will exclude the
Incentive Fee.
The
“catch-up” provision is intended to provide the Advisor with an incentive fee of 15% on each class’s pre-incentive fee
net investment income when that class’s pre-incentive fee net investment income reaches 1.765% of the class’s average daily
net asset value (calculated in accordance with GAAP) in any fiscal quarter.
The
Advisors are obligated to pay expenses associated with providing the investment services stated in the Investment Advisory Agreement and
Investment Sub-Advisory Agreement, including compensation of and office space for their officers and employees connected with investment
and economic research, trading and investment management of the Fund.
The
Board, including a majority of the members of the Board (each, a “Trustee”) that are considered independent and are not “interested
persons” (as defined in Section 2(a)(19) of the 1940 Act) of the Fund or the Advisors (collectively, the “Independent
Trustees”), oversees and monitors the Fund’s investment performance and will periodically review the Investment Advisory Agreement
and Investment Sub-Advisory Agreement to determine, among other things, whether the fees payable under such agreements are reasonable
in light of the services provided.
The
Advisor and the Fund have entered into the Expense Support and Conditional Reimbursement Agreement under which the Advisor may voluntarily
determine to reimburse the Fund’s operating expenses to the extent that it deems appropriate in order to ensure that the Fund bears
an appropriate level of expenses. The Expense Support and Conditional Reimbursement Agreement may be renewed for additional one-year terms
by the mutual agreement of the Advisor and the Fund.
The
Fund has agreed to repay the Advisor in the amount of any Fund expenses reimbursed under the Expense Support and Conditional Reimbursement
Agreement (including any organizational, offering, or operating costs reimbursed under the original and first amended and restated expense
support and conditional reimbursement agreements (collectively, the “Expense Support and Conditional Reimbursement Agreements”))
(each such payment, an “Expense Payment”), subject to the limitation that a reimbursement (an “Advisor Reimbursement”)
will be made only if and to the extent that (i) it is payable not more than three years from the last business day of the calendar
quarter in which the applicable Expense Payment was made by the Advisor; (ii) the Advisor Reimbursement does not cause Other Fund Operating
Expenses (as defined herein) (on an annualized basis and net of any reimbursements received by the Fund during such fiscal year) during
the applicable quarter to exceed the percentage of the Fund’s average net assets attributable to Class W Shares represented
by Other Fund Operating Expenses (on an annualized basis) during the quarter in which
the
applicable Expense Payment from the Advisor was made; and (iii) the distributions per share declared by the Fund for the applicable
class at the time of the applicable Expense Payment are less than the effective rate of distributions per share for such class at the
time the Advisor Reimbursement would be paid. See “Fund Expenses — Expense Support and Conditional Reimbursement
Agreement” for additional information. The Expense Support and Conditional Reimbursement Agreement will remain in effect at least
until July 31, 2023, unless and until the Board approves its modification or termination. This agreement may be terminated only by
the Board on notice to the Advisor. See “Fund Expenses.”
Class W
Shares will pay to the Distributor a distribution fee (the “Distribution Fee”) that will accrue at an annual rate equal to
0.50% of the Fund’s average daily net assets attributable to Class W Shares and is payable on a quarterly basis. See “Plan
of Distribution.”
Pursuant
to the CAM Administration Agreement, CAM furnishes the Fund with office equipment and clerical, bookkeeping and record keeping services
at the Fund’s office facilities. Under the CAM Administration Agreement, the Fund is obligated to reimburse CAM, at cost, based
upon the Fund’s allocable portion of CAM’s overhead and other expenses (including travel expenses) incurred by CAM in performing
its obligations under the CAM Administration Agreement, including the Fund’s allocable portion of the compensation of certain of
its officers (including but not limited to the chief compliance officer, chief financial officer, chief accounting officer, general counsel,
treasurer and assistant treasurer) and their respective staffs. The CAM Administration Agreement may be terminated by either party without
penalty upon 60 days’ written notice to the other party.
Pursuant
to the administration agreement between ALPS Fund Services, Inc. (“ALPS Fund Services”) and the Fund (the “ALPS
Administration Agreement”), ALPS Fund Services performs, or administers the performance of, certain of the Fund’s required
administrative services, which include, among other things, providing administrative assistance in accounting, legal, compliance, and
operations, preparing the financial records that the Fund is required to maintain and preparing reports to the Fund’s Shareholders
and reports filed with the SEC. In addition, ALPS Fund Services coordinates the preparation and filing of the Fund’s tax returns
and generally coordinates the payment of the Fund’s expenses and the performance of administrative and professional services rendered
to the Fund.
It
is also understood and agreed that if persons associated with the Advisors or any of their affiliates, including persons who are officers
of the Fund, provide accounting, legal, clerical or administrative services to the Fund at the request of the Fund, the Fund will reimburse
the Advisors and their
affiliates
for their costs in providing such accounting, legal, clerical or administrative services to the Fund (which costs may include an allocation
of overhead including rent and the allocable portion of the salaries and benefits of the relevant persons and their respective staffs,
including travel expenses), using a methodology for determining costs approved by the Board. Nothing contained herein shall be construed
to restrict the Fund’s right to hire its own employees or to contract for services to be performed by third parties.
The
Fund’s distribution policy is to make monthly distributions to Shareholders. Distributions can only be made from net investment
income after paying any accrued dividends to holders of Preferred Shares. See “Distributions.”
The
Board reserves the right to change the distribution policy from time to time.
DIVIDEND
REINVESTMENT
PLAN
The
Fund operates under a dividend reinvestment plan (“DRP”) administered by SS&C Global Investor & Distribution Solutions,
Inc. (“SS&C GIDS, Inc.”). Pursuant to the plan, the Fund’s income dividends or capital gains or other distributions
(each, a “Distribution” and collectively, “Distributions”), net of any applicable U.S. withholding tax, are reinvested
in the same class of shares of the Fund.
Shareholders
automatically participate in the DRP, unless and until an election is made to withdraw from the plan on behalf of such participating Shareholder.
A Shareholder who does not wish to have Distributions automatically reinvested may terminate participation in the Plan at any time by
written instructions to that effect to SS&C GIDS, Inc. Shareholders who elect not to participate in the DRP will receive all distributions
in cash paid to the Shareholder of record (or, if the shares are held in street or other nominee name, then to such nominee). Such written
instructions must be received by SS&C GIDS, Inc. 30 days prior to the record date of the Distribution or the Shareholder will
receive such Distribution in shares through the DRP. Under the DRP, the Fund’s Distributions to Shareholders are reinvested in full
and fractional shares. See “Distributions — Dividend Reinvestment Plan.”
The
Board has overall responsibility for monitoring and overseeing the Fund’s management and operations. A majority of the Trustees
are Independent Trustees. See “Management of the Fund.”
The
Fund’s Shares are offered on a daily basis. Please see “Plan of Distribution” on page 102 for purchase instructions
and additional information.
The
minimum initial investment for Class W is $25,000; subsequent investments may be made with at least $10,000, except for purchases
made pursuant to the Fund’s DRP or as otherwise permitted by the Fund. The Fund reserves the right to waive the investment minimum.
See “Distributions — Dividend Reinvestment Plan.”
Investors
eligible to purchase Class I Shares may convert Class W Shares to Class I Shares. Class W Shares will automatically
convert into Class I Shares if the total sales charge would otherwise exceed the limits of Financial Industry Regulatory Authority
(“FINRA”) Rule 2341. See “Plan of Distribution” on page 102.
ALPS
Distributors, Inc., located at 1290 Broadway, Suite 1000, Denver, CO 80203, serves as the Fund’s principal underwriter and
acts as the Distributor of the Fund’s Shares on a best efforts basis, subject to various conditions. The Fund’s Shares are
offered for sale through the Distributor at NAV plus the applicable sales load. The Distributor also may enter into broker-dealer selling
agreements with other broker dealers for the sale and distribution of the Fund’s Shares.
The
Distributor is not required to sell any specific number or dollar amount of the Fund’s Shares but will use its best efforts to solicit
orders for the sale of the Shares. Shares of the Fund will not be listed on any national securities exchange and the Distributor will
not act as a market maker in Fund Shares.
The
Distributor has entered into a wholesale marketing agreement with CION Securities, LLC (“CION Securities”), a registered broker-dealer
and an affiliate of CION. Pursuant to the terms of the wholesale marketing agreement, CION Securities will seek to market and otherwise
promote the Fund through various wholesale distribution channels, including, but not limited to, regional and independent retail broker-dealers
and registered investment advisors.
The
Advisors or their affiliates, in the Advisors’ discretion and from their own resources, may pay additional compensation to financial
intermediaries and their agents that have made arrangements with the Fund and are authorized to buy and sell shares of the Fund (collectively,
“Financial Intermediaries”) in connection with the sale of Fund Shares (the “Additional Compensation”). In
return for the Additional Compensation, the Fund may receive certain marketing advantages including access to a broker’s or dealer’s
registered representatives, placement on a list of investment options offered by a broker or dealer, or the ability to assist in training
and educating the broker’s or dealer’s registered representatives. The Additional Compensation may differ among brokers or
dealers in amount or in the amount of calculation. Payments of Additional Compensation may be fixed dollar amounts or, based on the aggregate
value of outstanding Shares held by Shareholders introduced by the broker or dealer, or determined in some other manner. The receipt of
Additional Compensation by a selling broker or dealer may create potential conflicts of interest between an investor and its broker or
dealer who is recommending the fund over other potential investments.
ERISA
PLANS AND OTHER TAX-EXEMPT ENTITIES
Investors
subject to the Employee Retirement Income Security Act of 1974, as amended (“ERISA”), and other tax-exempt entities, including
employee benefit plans, individual retirement accounts (“IRAs”), 401(k) plans and Keogh plans, may purchase Shares. Because
the Fund is registered as an investment company under the 1940 Act, the underlying assets of the Fund will not be considered to be “plan
assets” of the ERISA plans investing in the Fund for purposes of ERISA’s fiduciary responsibility and prohibited transaction
rules. Thus, none of the Fund or the Advisors will be a fiduciary within the meaning of ERISA with respect to the assets of any ERISA
plan that becomes a Shareholder, solely as a result of the ERISA plan’s investment in the Fund. See “ERISA Considerations.”
UNLISTED
CLOSED-END INTERVAL FUND STRUCTURE
The
Fund has been organized as a continuously offered, diversified closed-end management investment company. Closed-end funds differ from
open-end funds (commonly known as mutual funds) in that investors in closed-end funds do not have the right to redeem their shares on
a daily basis. Unlike most closed-end funds, which typically list their shares on a securities exchange, the Fund does not currently intend
to list the Shares for trading on any securities exchange, and the Fund does not expect any secondary market to develop for the Shares
in the foreseeable future. Therefore, an investment in the Fund, unlike an investment in a typical closed-end fund, is not a liquid investment.
To provide some liquidity to Shareholders, the Fund will be structured as an “interval fund” and conduct quarterly repurchase
offers for a limited amount of the Fund’s Shares (at least 5%).
The
Fund believes that an unlisted closed-end structure is most appropriate for the long-term nature of the Fund’s strategy. With event-driven
strategies or similar types of investments, the ability to hold positions — through all manner of market environments — until
the occurrence of the anticipated event or catalyst that unlocks value is crucial. Features that interfere with this ability (such as
daily redemptions permitted by open-end funds that can require the premature sale of investments) could impair the Fund’s ability
to execute its investment strategy. Accordingly, an unlisted closed-end structure helps the Fund achieve its investment objective. The
Fund’s NAV per Share may be volatile. As the Shares are not traded, investors will not be able to dispose of their investment in
the Fund no matter how poorly the Fund performs. Because exchange-traded closed-end funds also do not redeem Shares, they also could execute
the Fund’s buy-and-hold strategy. Because an exchange-traded closed-end fund’s shares can trade at a discount to NAV, they
may present a more attractive opportunity to investors.
The
Fund currently offers seven different classes of Shares: Class A, Class C, Class I, Class L, Class U, Class U-2
and Class W Shares. The Fund began continuously offering its Shares on January 3, 2017. As of July 11, 2017, the Fund simultaneously
redesignated its issued and outstanding Shares as Class A Shares and created its Class C, Class I and Class L Shares.
As of December 4, 2018, the Fund created its Class U and Class W Shares. As of March 31, 2020, the Fund created its
Class U-2 Shares. An investment in any Share class of the Fund represents an investment in the same assets of the Fund. However,
the purchase restrictions and ongoing fees and expenses for each Share class are different. The fees and expenses for the Fund are set
forth in “Summary of Fees and Expenses.” If you have hired an intermediary and are eligible to invest in more than one class
of Shares, the intermediary may help determine which Share class is appropriate for you. When selecting a Share class, you should consider
which Share classes are available to you, how much you intend to invest, how long you expect to own Shares, and the total costs and expenses
associated with a particular Share class. The Fund offers Class A Shares, Class C Shares, Class I Shares, Class L
Shares, Class U Shares and Class U-2 Shares through different prospectuses. Investors eligible to purchase Class I Shares
may convert Class W Shares to Class I Shares. See “Plan of Distribution.”
Each
investor’s financial considerations are different. You should speak with your financial advisor to help you decide which Share class
is best for you. Not all Financial Intermediaries offer all classes of Shares. If your Financial Intermediary offers more than one class
of Shares, you should carefully consider which class of Shares to purchase.
The
Board has designated the Advisor as the Fund’s valuation designee for purposes of Rule 2a-5 under the 1940 Act. The Advisor
is responsible for the valuation of the Fund’s portfolio investments for which market quotations are not readily available, as determined
in good faith pursuant to the Advisor’s valuation policy and consistently applied valuation process. Pursuant to the portfolio valuation
process set forth in the Advisor’s valuation policy, the Advisor utilizes independent third-party pricing services and independent
third-party valuation services. Portfolio securities and other assets for which market quotes are readily available are valued at market
value. In circumstances where market quotes are not readily available, the Advisor has adopted methods for determining the fair value
of such securities and other assets. The Fund utilizes the Fund’s NAV per Fund Share, as determined by the Fund in accordance
with the methodology described in the Advisor’s valuation policy, in determining the Fund’s NAV per Share. Valuations of Fund
investments are disclosed in reports publicly filed with the SEC.
The
Advisor will provide the Board with periodic reports, no less than quarterly, that discuss the functioning of the valuation process, if
applicable to that period, and that identify issues and valuation problems that have arisen, if any. See “Determination of Net Asset
Value.”
The
Shares have no history of public trading, nor is it intended that the Shares will be listed on a public exchange at this time. No secondary
market is expected to develop for the Fund’s Shares.
The
Fund is an “interval fund,” a type of fund which, to provide some liquidity to Shareholders, makes quarterly offers to repurchase
between 5% and 25% of its outstanding Shares at NAV, pursuant to Rule 23c-3 under the 1940 Act, unless such offer is suspended or
postponed in accordance with regulatory requirements (as discussed below). In connection with any given repurchase offer, it is expected
the Fund will offer to repurchase only the minimum amount of 5% of its outstanding Shares. Quarterly repurchases occur in the months
of March, June, September and December. The offer to purchase Shares is a fundamental policy that may not be changed without the vote
of the holders of a majority of the Fund’s outstanding voting securities (as defined in the 1940 Act). Written notification of each
quarterly repurchase offer (the “Repurchase Offer Notice”) is sent to Shareholders at least 21 calendar days before the repurchase
request deadline (i.e., the date
by which Shareholders can tender their Shares in response to a repurchase offer) (the “Repurchase Request Deadline”). The
Fund expects to determine the NAV applicable to repurchases on the Repurchase Request Deadline. However, the NAV will be calculated no
later than the 14th calendar day (or the next business day if the 14th calendar day is not a business day) after the Repurchase Request
Deadline (the “Repurchase Pricing Date”). The Fund expects to distribute payment to Shareholders between one and three business
days after the Repurchase Pricing Date and will distribute such payment no later than seven calendar days after such Date. The Fund’s
Shares are not listed on any securities exchange, and the Fund anticipates that no secondary market will develop for its Shares. Accordingly,
you may not be able to sell Shares when and/or in the amount that you desire. Thus, the Shares are appropriate only as a long-term investment.
In addition, the Fund’s repurchase offers may subject the Fund and Shareholders to special risks. See “Types of Investments
and Related Risks — Repurchase Offers Risks.”
The
Fund has elected to be treated for U.S. federal income tax purposes, and intends to qualify annually, as a regulated investment company
(“RIC”) under Subchapter M of the Internal Revenue Code of 1986, as amended (the “Code”). As a RIC, the Fund generally
will not be subject to corporate-level U.S. federal income taxes on any net ordinary income or capital gains that is currently distributed
as dividends for U.S. federal income tax
purposes to Shareholders, as applicable. To qualify and maintain its qualification as a RIC for U.S. federal income tax purposes, the
Fund is required to meet certain specified source-of-income and asset diversification requirements and is required to distribute dividends
for U.S. federal income tax purposes of an amount at least equal to 90% of the sum of its net ordinary income and realized net short-term
capital gains in excess of realized net long-term capital losses each tax year to Shareholders, as applicable. See “Distributions”
and “Tax Aspects.”
For accounting purposes,
the Fund’s fiscal year is the 12-month period ending on December 31.
As soon as practicable
after the end of each calendar year, a statement on Form 1099-DIV identifying the sources of the distributions paid by the Fund to Shareholders
for tax purposes will be furnished to Shareholders subject to Internal Revenue Service (“IRS”) reporting. In addition, the
Fund will prepare and transmit to Shareholders an unaudited semi-annual and an audited annual report within 60 days after the close of
the period for which the report is being made, or as otherwise required by the 1940 Act.
Investing in the Fund
involves risks, including the risk that a Shareholder may receive little or no return on their investment or that a Shareholder may lose
part or all of their investment. Below is a summary of some of the principal risks of investing in the Fund. For a more complete discussion
of the risks of investing in the Fund, see “Types of Investments and Related Risks.” Shareholders should consider carefully
the following principal risks before investing in the Fund:
•
Unlike
most closed-end funds, the Fund’s Shares will not be listed on any securities exchange;
•
Although
the Fund intends to implement a quarterly share repurchase program, there is no guarantee that an investor will be able to sell all of
the Shares that the investor desires to sell. The Fund should therefore be considered to offer limited liquidity;
•
The
capital markets may experience periods of disruption and instability. Such market conditions may materially and adversely affect debt
and equity capital markets, which may have a negative impact on the Fund’s business and operations;
•
If
a Shareholder is able to sell its Shares, the Shareholder likely will receive less than its purchase price and the then current NAV per
Share;
•
The
Fund’s distributions may be funded from offering proceeds or borrowings, which may constitute a return of capital and reduce the
amount
of capital available to the Fund for investment. Any capital returned to Shareholders through distributions will be distributed after
payment of fees and expenses, as well as the sales load;
•
A
return of capital to Shareholders is a return of a portion of their original investment in the Fund, thereby reducing the tax basis of
their investment. As a result from such reduction in tax basis, Shareholders may be subject to tax in connection with the sale of Fund Shares,
even if such Shares are sold at a loss relative to the Shareholder’s original investment;
•
The
Fund’s investments in securities and other obligations of companies that are experiencing distress involve a substantial degree
of risk, require a high level of analytical sophistication for successful investment, and require active monitoring;
•
Below
investment grade instruments (also known as “junk bonds”) have predominantly speculative characteristics and may be particularly
susceptible to economic downturns, which could cause losses;
•
Certain
investments may be exposed to the credit risk of the counterparties with whom the Fund deals;
•
The
valuation of securities or instruments that lack a central trading place (such as fixed-income securities or instruments) may carry greater
risk than those that trade on an exchange;
•
It
is expected that most of the securities and instruments held by the Fund will not trade on an exchange;
•
The
value of convertible securities may be adversely affected by changes in interest rates, as well as the market price and volatility of
the underlying security;
•
Derivative
investments have risks, including the imperfect correlation between the value of such instruments and the underlying assets of the Fund;
•
The
Fund may be materially adversely affected by market, economic and political conditions, public health emergencies (e.g. the coronavirus
outbreak, epidemics and other pandemics), wars and supply chain disruptions, globally and in the jurisdictions and sectors in which the
Fund invests;
•
Non-U.S.
securities may be traded in undeveloped, inefficient and less liquid markets and may experience greater price volatility and changes in
value;
•
Changes
in foreign currency exchange rates may adversely affect the U.S. dollar value of and returns on foreign denominated investments;
•
Credit
intermediation involving entities and activities outside the regular banking system (i.e., the
“shadow banking system” in Europe) could result in increased regulatory and operating costs, which could adversely affect
the implementation of the Fund’s investment strategies, income and returns;
•
U.S.
and global markets recently have experienced increased volatility and inflation;
•
Legal
and regulatory changes could occur, which may materially adversely affect the Fund;
•
The
Fund is a diversified, closed-end investment company;
•
The
Fund’s ability to grow depends on its ability to raise capital;
•
The
Fund may borrow money, including through the use of Preferred Shares, which magnifies the potential for gain or loss on amounts invested,
subjects the Fund to certain covenants with which it must comply and may increase the risk of investing with the Fund;
•
The
Fund operates in a highly competitive market for investment opportunities;
•
The
Fund is exposed to risks associated with changes in interest rates;
•
The
Fund’s financial condition and results of operations could be negatively affected if a significant investment fails to perform as
expected;
•
There
are significant and potential conflicts of interest that could impact the Fund’s investment returns;
•
To
qualify and remain eligible for the special tax treatment accorded to RICs and their shareholders under the Code, the Fund must meet certain
source-of-income, asset diversification and annual distribution requirements, and failure to do so could result in the loss of RIC status.
Accordingly,
the Fund should be considered a speculative investment that entails substantial risks, and a prospective investor should invest in the
Fund only if they can sustain a complete loss of their investment.
SUMMARY
OF FEES AND EXPENSES
The
following table illustrates the aggregate fees and expenses that the Fund expects to incur and that Shareholders can expect to bear directly
or indirectly.
SHAREHOLDER
TRANSACTION EXPENSES |
|
|
W
Share |
|
|
Maximum
sales load imposed on purchases(1)
|
|
|
|
|
3.00 |
% |
|
Maximum
contingent deferred sales charge |
|
|
|
|
None |
|
|
ANNUAL
FUND EXPENSES(2) (as
a percentage of projected average net assets attributable to Shares) |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Management
fee(3) |
|
|
|
|
1.79 |
% |
|
Incentive
fee(4) |
|
|
|
|
1.09 |
% |
|
Interest
payments on borrowed funds(5)
|
|
|
|
|
1.84 |
% |
|
Other
expenses(6) |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Shareholder
servicing fee |
|
|
|
|
None |
|
|
Distribution
fee(7) |
|
|
|
|
0.50 |
% |
|
Remaining
other expenses |
|
|
|
|
0.54 |
% |
|
Total
annual fund expenses |
|
|
|
|
5.76 |
% |
|
(1)
Investors
purchasing Class W Shares may be charged a sales load of up to 3.00% of the investor’s subscription. The table assumes the
maximum sales load is charged. The Distributor may, in its discretion, waive all or a portion of the sales load for certain investors.
See “Plan of Distribution.”
(2)
This
table assumes that the Fund borrows money for investment purposes at an average amount of 42.60% of its net assets (the actual average
amount of its borrowings, including outstanding Preferred Shares, during the twelve-month period ended March 31, 2023).
(3)
The
Management Fee paid by the Fund is calculated at the annual rate of 1.25% of the average daily value of the Fund’s Managed Assets
which includes assets purchased with borrowed money. The table above assumes that the Fund borrows money for investment purposes at an
average amount of 42.60% of its net assets (the actual average amount of its borrowings, including outstanding Preferred Shares, during
the twelve-month period ended March 31, 2023). The Management Fee estimate in the table is greater than 1.25% since it is computed
as a percentage of the Fund’s net assets for presentation therein. In addition, if the Fund’s leverage exceeds this 42.60%
borrowings-to-net assets ratio through additional borrowings (including the issuance of additional Preferred Shares), then the Management
Fee in relation to its net assets would be higher than the estimate presented in the table.
(4)
The
Fund anticipates that it may have interest income that could result in the payment of an Incentive Fee to the Advisor during certain periods.
However, the Incentive Fee is based on the Fund’s performance and will not be paid unless the Fund achieves certain performance
targets. The Fund expects the Incentive Fee the Fund pays to increase to the extent the Fund earns greater interest income through its
investments. The Incentive Fee is calculated and payable quarterly in arrears based upon “pre-incentive fee net investment income”
attributable to each class of the Fund’s Shares for the immediately preceding fiscal quarter, and is subject to a hurdle rate, expressed
as a rate of return on each class’s average daily net asset value (calculated in accordance with GAAP), equal to 1.50% per quarter,
or an annualized hurdle rate of 6.00%, subject to a “catch-up” feature. The amount presented in this table reflects the Incentive
Fee incurred as a percent of average net assets for the twelve-month period ended March 31, 2023. See “Management and
Incentive Fees” for a full explanation of how the Incentive Fee is calculated.
(5)
The
amount shown in the table above is based on the assumption that the Fund borrows money for investment purposes at an average amount of
42.60% of its net assets (the actual average amount of its borrowings, including outstanding Preferred Shares, during the twelve-month
period ended March 31, 2023), at an estimated annual interest rate cost to the Fund of 4.34%, which is the weighted average interest
rate cost during the twelve-month period ended March 31, 2023, including dividends payable
on
the Fund’s MRP Shares, which, in the aggregate, have an average interest rate of 2.98% per annum as of March 31, 2023. The
actual amount of interest expense borne by the Fund will vary over time in accordance with the level of the Fund’s use of borrowings
and/or Preferred Shares and variations in market interest rates. See “Investment Objective, Opportunities and Strategies — Leverage.”
(6)
Other
expenses include accounting, legal and auditing fees of the Fund, and offering costs, as well as the reimbursement of the compensation
of administrative personnel and fees payable to the Independent Trustees. The amount presented in the table is estimated for the twelve-month
period beginning April 1, 2023 based on amounts incurred in the twelve-month period ended March 31, 2023.
(7)
Class W
Shares will pay to the Distributor a Distribution Fee that will accrue at an annual rate equal to 0.50% of the average daily net assets
attributable to Class W Shares and is payable on a quarterly basis. See “Plan of Distribution.”
Example:
The
following example demonstrates the projected dollar amount of total expenses that would be incurred over various periods with respect
to a hypothetical investment in Shares. In calculating the following expense amounts, the Fund has assumed its direct and indirect annual
operating expenses would remain at the percentage levels set forth in the table above and do not include any expense support from
the Advisor.
An
investor would pay the following expenses on a $1,000 investment, assuming a 5.0% annual return:
Share
Class |
|
|
1
Year |
|
|
3
Years |
|
|
5
Years |
|
|
10
Years |
|
Class W
|
|
|
|
$ |
86 |
|
|
|
|
$ |
196 |
|
|
|
|
$ |
304 |
|
|
|
|
$ |
568 |
|
|
The
example and the expenses in the tables above should not be considered a representation of the Fund’s future expenses, and actual
expenses may be greater or less than those shown. While the example assumes a 5.0% annual return,
as required by the SEC, the Fund’s performance will vary and may result in a return greater or less than 5.0%. For a more complete
description of the various fees and expenses borne directly and indirectly by the Fund, see “Fund Expenses” and “Management
and Incentive Fees.”
FINANCIAL
HIGHLIGHTS
The
financial highlights table is intended to help you understand the Fund’s financial performance. The information for the periods
below has been derived from the Fund’s financial statements, which have been audited by Ernst & Young LLP, an independent registered
public accounting firm, whose report, along with this information and additional Fund performance and portfolio information, appears in
the Fund’s Annual Report dated December 31, 2022. To request the Fund’s Annual Report, please call 888-729-4266. The
table below sets forth financial data for one Class W Share throughout the periods presented.
CION
Ares Diversified Credit Fund
Financial Highlights
(in thousands,
except per share data, percentages and as otherwise noted)
|
|
|
For the Year
Ended December 31, 2022 |
|
|
For the Year
Ended December 31, 2021 |
|
|
For the Year
Ended December 31, 2020 |
|
|
For the Period
Ended December 31, 2019* |
|
|
For the Period from December 21, 2018 (commencement of
operations) to October 31, 2019 |
|
Class W |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Per
share data: |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Net asset value,
beginning of period |
|
|
|
$ |
26.03 |
|
|
|
|
$ |
25.27 |
|
|
|
|
$ |
25.92 |
|
|
|
|
$ |
25.44 |
|
|
|
|
$ |
25.03 |
|
|
Income
from investment operations: |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Net investment
income(a) |
|
|
|
|
1.62 |
|
|
|
|
|
1.58 |
|
|
|
|
|
1.50 |
|
|
|
|
|
0.25 |
|
|
|
|
|
1.23 |
|
|
Net realized
and unrealized gains (losses) |
|
|
|
|
(2.10) |
|
|
|
|
|
0.57 |
|
|
|
|
|
(0.75) |
|
|
|
|
|
0.46 |
|
|
|
|
|
0.38 |
|
|
Total income
(loss) from investment operations |
|
|
|
|
(0.48) |
|
|
|
|
|
2.15 |
|
|
|
|
|
0.75 |
|
|
|
|
|
0.71 |
|
|
|
|
|
1.61 |
|
|
Less
distributions declared to shareholders: |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
From net investment
income |
|
|
|
|
(1.44) |
|
|
|
|
|
(1.39) |
|
|
|
|
|
(1.40) |
|
|
|
|
|
(0.23) |
|
|
|
|
|
(1.20) |
|
|
Total distributions
|
|
|
|
|
(1.44) |
|
|
|
|
|
(1.39) |
|
|
|
|
|
(1.40) |
|
|
|
|
|
(0.23) |
|
|
|
|
|
(1.20) |
|
|
Net asset value,
end of period |
|
|
|
$ |
24.11 |
|
|
|
|
$ |
26.03 |
|
|
|
|
$ |
25.27 |
|
|
|
|
$ |
25.92 |
|
|
|
|
$ |
25.44 |
|
|
Total return,
excluding expense support(b)(c)
|
|
|
|
|
(1.91)% |
|
|
|
|
|
8.73% |
|
|
|
|
|
3.35% |
|
|
|
|
|
2.82% |
|
|
|
|
|
7.00% |
|
|
Total return,
including expense support(c)(d)
|
|
|
|
|
(1.91)% |
|
|
|
|
|
8.73% |
|
|
|
|
|
3.35% |
|
|
|
|
|
2.82% |
|
|
|
|
|
6.25)% |
|
|
Ratios
to average net assets/supplemental data: |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Net assets,
end of period |
|
|
|
$ |
32,160 |
|
|
|
|
$ |
38,688 |
|
|
|
|
$ |
39,831 |
|
|
|
|
$ |
39,449 |
|
|
|
|
$ |
38,423 |
|
|
Including
interest expense: |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Expenses, excluding
expense support(e)(f)(h)
|
|
|
|
|
5.03%(i) |
|
|
|
|
|
3.39%(i) |
|
|
|
|
|
3.65% |
|
|
|
|
|
4.28% |
|
|
|
|
|
4.73% |
|
|
Expenses, including
expense support(e)(f)(g)(h)
|
|
|
|
|
5.03%(i) |
|
|
|
|
|
3.39%(i) |
|
|
|
|
|
3.65% |
|
|
|
|
|
4.28% |
|
|
|
|
|
5.47% |
|
|
Excluding
interest expense: |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Expenses, excluding
expense support(f)(h) |
|
|
|
|
3.53% |
|
|
|
|
|
2.75% |
|
|
|
|
|
3.14% |
|
|
|
|
|
3.59% |
|
|
|
|
|
3.65% |
|
|
Expenses, including
expense support(f)(g)(h)
|
|
|
|
|
3.53% |
|
|
|
|
|
2.75% |
|
|
|
|
|
3.14% |
|
|
|
|
|
3.59% |
|
|
|
|
|
4.39% |
|
|
Net investment
income(e)(f) |
|
|
|
|
6.45% |
|
|
|
|
|
6.17% |
|
|
|
|
|
6.23% |
|
|
|
|
|
4.97% |
|
|
|
|
|
5.14% |
|
|
Portfolio turnover
rate |
|
|
|
|
38.16% |
|
|
|
|
|
43.72% |
|
|
|
|
|
59.77% |
|
|
|
|
|
5.42%(c) |
|
|
|
|
|
63.58%(c) |
|
|
*
For
the two month period ended December 31, 2019.
(a)
Per
share net investment income has been calculated using the average shares outstanding during the period.
(b)
Based
on net asset value per share. Distributions, if any, are assumed for purposes of this calculation to be reinvested at prices obtained
under the Fund’s Dividend Reinvestment Plan. Total Return is not annualized for periods less than one year. Total return excludes
expense support provided or recouped by the Advisor.
(c)
Not
annualized.
(d)
Based
on net asset value per share. Distributions, if any, are assumed for purposes of this calculation to be reinvested at prices obtained
under the Fund’s Dividend Reinvestment Plan. Total Return is not annualized for periods less than one year. Total return includes
expense support provided or (recouped) by the Advisor.
(e)
Includes
organizational and offering costs.
(f)
Annualized,
except for certain non-recurring costs.
(g)
Includes
expense support provided or recouped by the Advisor.
(h)
For
the year ended December 31, 2022, the ratio of operating expenses to average net assets consisted of 1.77% of base management fees,
0.70% of incentive fee, 1.50% of the cost of borrowing and 1.06% of other operating expenses. For the year ended December 31, 2021,
the ratio of operating expenses to average net assets consisted of 1.58% of base management fees, 0.06% of incentive fees, 0.64% of the
cost of borrowing and 1.11% of other operating expenses. For the year ended December 31, 2020, the ratio of operating expenses to
average net assets consisted of 1.54% of base management fees, 0.03% of incentive fees, 0.50% of the cost of borrowing, 0.00% of net expense
support and 1.58% of other operating expenses. For the period ended December 31, 2019, the ratio of operating expenses to average
net assets consisted of 1.56% of base management fees, 0.68% of the cost of borrowing, 0.00% of net expense support and 2.03% of other
operating expenses. For the period ended October 31, 2019, the ratio of operating expenses to average net assets consisted of 1.57%
of base management fees, 0.91% of the cost of borrowing, 0.74% of net expense support and 2.24% of other operating expenses.
(i)
Includes
stated dividends and amortization of deferred issuance costs on the MRP Shares.
SENIOR
SECURITIES
Information
about the Fund’s senior securities as of December 31, 2022, December 31, 2021, December 31, 2020, December 31,
2019 and October 31, 2019 is shown in the following table. There were no senior securities outstanding as of October 31, 2018
or October 31, 2017. The information contained in the following table
is derived from the Fund’s Annual Report dated December 31, 2022.
Class and Period
Ended |
|
|
Total Amount Outstanding Exclusive
of Treasury Securities(1) (in
thousands) |
|
|
Asset Coverage Per
Unit(2) ($)
|
|
|
Involuntary Liquidating Preference per
Unit(3)
|
|
|
Average Market Value per
Unit(4)
|
|
Revolving
Credit Facility (Wells Fargo Bank, N.A.) |
|
|
|
|
|
December 31,
2022 |
|
|
|
$ |
348,844 |
|
|
|
|
|
5,299 |
|
|
|
|
|
— |
|
|
|
|
|
N/A |
|
|
December 31,
2021 |
|
|
|
$ |
225,664 |
|
|
|
|
|
6,461 |
|
|
|
|
|
— |
|
|
|
|
|
N/A |
|
|
December 31,
2020 |
|
|
|
$ |
77,025 |
|
|
|
|
|
6,233 |
|
|
|
|
|
— |
|
|
|
|
|
N/A |
|
|
December 31,
2019 |
|
|
|
$ |
19,054 |
|
|
|
|
|
5,383 |
|
|
|
|
|
— |
|
|
|
|
|
N/A |
|
|
October 31,
2019 |
|
|
|
$ |
19,397 |
|
|
|
|
|
3,847 |
|
|
|
|
|
— |
|
|
|
|
|
N/A |
|
|
Revolving
Credit Facility (State Street Bank and Trust Company) |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
December 31,
2022 |
|
|
|
$ |
317,201 |
|
|
|
|
|
5,299 |
|
|
|
|
|
— |
|
|
|
|
|
N/A |
|
|
December 31,
2021 |
|
|
|
$ |
176,803 |
|
|
|
|
|
6,461 |
|
|
|
|
|
— |
|
|
|
|
|
N/A |
|
|
December 31,
2020 |
|
|
|
$ |
111,283 |
|
|
|
|
|
6,233 |
|
|
|
|
|
— |
|
|
|
|
|
N/A |
|
|
December 31,
2019 |
|
|
|
$ |
110,387 |
|
|
|
|
|
5,383 |
|
|
|
|
|
— |
|
|
|
|
|
N/A |
|
|
October 31,
2019 |
|
|
|
$ |
144,357 |
|
|
|
|
|
3,847 |
|
|
|
|
|
— |
|
|
|
|
|
N/A |
|
|
Mandatory
Redeemable Preferred Shares* |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
December 31,
2022 |
|
|
|
$ |
420,000 |
|
|
|
|
|
81.52 |
|
|
|
|
$ |
25.00 |
|
|
|
|
|
N/A |
|
|
December 31,
2021 |
|
|
|
$ |
300,000 |
|
|
|
|
|
93.11 |
|
|
|
|
$ |
25.00 |
|
|
|
|
|
N/A |
|
|
*
There
were no mandatory redeemable preferred shares outstanding as of December 31, 2020, December 31, 2019 and October 31, 2019.
(1)
Total
amount of each class of senior securities outstanding at principal value at the end of the period presented.
(2)
The
asset coverage ratio for a class of senior securities representing indebtedness is calculated as our consolidated total assets, less all
liabilities and indebtedness not represented by senior securities, divided by total senior securities representing indebtedness as calculated
separately for each of the Preferred Shares and the credit facilities in accordance with Section 18(h) of the 1940 Act. With respect
to the Preferred Shares, the asset coverage per unit figure is expressed in terms of dollar amounts per share of outstanding Preferred
Shares (based on a per share liquidation preference of $25). With respect to the credit facilities, the asset coverage ratio is multiplied
by $1,000 to determine the “Asset Coverage Per Unit”.
(3)
The
amount to which such class of senior security would be entitled upon our involuntary liquidation in preference to any security junior
to it. The “—” in this column indicates that the SEC expressly does not require this information to be disclosed for
certain types of senior securities.
(4)
Not
applicable to senior securities outstanding as of period end.
THE
FUND
The
Fund is a diversified, closed-end management investment company that is registered under the 1940 Act. The Fund is structured as an “interval
fund” and continuously offers its Shares. The Fund was organized as a Delaware statutory trust on June 21, 2016. The principal
office of the Fund is located at 100 Park Avenue, 25th Floor, New York, NY 10017 and its telephone number is 212-418-4700.
The
Fund’s investment objective is to provide superior risk-adjusted returns across various market cycles by investing in a diversified
portfolio of liquid and illiquid asset classes. The Fund seeks to capitalize on market inefficiencies and relative value opportunities
throughout the entire global credit spectrum.
The
Fund invests primarily in a portfolio of directly originated loans, secured floating and fixed rate syndicated loans, corporate bonds,
asset-backed securities, commercial real estate loans and other types of credit instruments, which, under normal circumstances, will represent
at least 80% of the Fund’s Managed Assets. In addition, the Fund invests primarily in those countries where creditors’ rights
are protected by law, such as countries in North America and Western Europe, although in select situations the Fund may invest in securities
of issuers domiciled elsewhere. The geographic areas of focus are subject to change from time to time and may be changed without notice
to Shareholders. There is no minimum or maximum limit on the amount of the Fund’s assets that may be invested in non-U.S. securities.
The
Fund seeks to achieve its investment objective by employing an opportunistic, dynamic and untethered global credit investments strategy
based on absolute and relative value considerations and its analysis of credit markets. It seeks risk-adjusted returns over full market
cycles by creating and managing a portfolio with balanced exposures to multiple industry sectors and geographic regions, systematically
allocating capital across multiple segments of the global fixed-income markets, including U.S. and non-U.S. credit instruments. For a
further discussion of the Fund’s principal investment strategies, see “Investment Objective, Opportunities and Strategies.”
There can be no assurance that the Fund will achieve its investment objective.
The
Fund’s investment advisor is CAM. Ares Capital is the Fund’s investment sub-advisor. CAM oversees the management of the Fund’s
activities and is responsible for making investment decisions for the Fund’s portfolio with recommendations and support from Ares
Capital. See “The Advisor and Sub-Advisor.” Responsibility for monitoring and overseeing the Fund’s investment program,
management and operation is vested in the individuals who serve on the Board.
THE
ADVISOR AND SUB-ADVISOR
CAM,
an investment advisor registered with the SEC under the Advisers Act, serves as the Advisor. CAM is a joint venture between affiliates
of Ares and CION and is controlled by Ares.
CION
is a leading manager of alternative investment solutions that focuses on alternative credit strategies for individual investors. CION
manages CION Investment Corporation (“CIC”), a leading publicly traded business development company with approximately $1.9 billion
in total assets as of December 31, 2022, and sponsors, through CAM, the Fund. Its affiliated broker-dealer, CION Securities, provides
distribution services and has entered into a wholesale marketing agreement with the Distributor and a dealer manager agreement with the
Fund. The dealer manager arrangement is applicable only to certain share classes of the Fund.
Ares
Capital, an investment advisor registered with the SEC under the Advisers Act, serves as the Sub-Advisor. Ares is a publicly traded, leading
global alternative investment manager with over 2,550 employees. Ares had approximately $352.0 billion in assets under management
(“AUM”) as of December 31, 2022, of which approximately $214.2 billion was related to its credit business, across
a diverse platform that it manages on behalf of organizations including but not limited to pension and endowment funds, sovereign wealth
funds, financial institutions, insurance companies and individual investors.*
*
As
of December 31, 2022, AUM amounts include funds managed by Ivy Hill Asset Management, L.P., a wholly owned portfolio company of Ares
Capital Corporation (“ARCC”) and a registered investment advisor.
USE
OF PROCEEDS
The
proceeds from the sale of Shares, not including the amount of any applicable sales loads paid by investors net of the Fund’s fees
and expenses, are invested by the Fund to pursue its investment program and strategies. The Fund expects to invest the proceeds obtained
by it promptly after receipt of such proceeds.
INVESTMENT
OBJECTIVE, OPPORTUNITIES AND STRATEGIES
Investment
Objective
The
Fund’s investment objective is to provide superior risk-adjusted returns across various market cycles by investing in a diversified
portfolio of liquid and illiquid asset classes. The Fund seeks to capitalize on market inefficiencies and relative value opportunities
throughout the entire global credit spectrum. There can be no assurance that the Fund will achieve its investment objective.
Investment
Opportunities and Strategies
The
Fund invests primarily in a portfolio of directly originated loans, secured floating and fixed rate syndicated loans, corporate bonds,
asset-backed securities, commercial real estate loans and other types of credit instruments, which, under normal circumstances, will represent
at least 80% of the Fund’s Managed Assets. For purposes of this policy, “credit instruments” may include commercial
real estate mezzanine loans, real estate mortgages, distressed securities, notes, bills, debentures, bank loans, convertible and preferred
securities, government and municipal obligations. The Fund may also invest in foreign instruments and illiquid and restricted securities.
Opportunistic,
Flexible, Untethered Credit Investments Strategy. The Advisors intend to employ
an opportunistic, flexible and untethered global credit investments strategy based on absolute and relative value considerations and their
analysis of the credit markets. The Advisors seek risk-adjusted returns over full market cycles by creating and managing a portfolio with
balanced exposures to multiple industry sectors and geographic regions. The Advisors will make tactical allocations of assets across multiple
segments of the global fixed-income markets, including U.S. and non-U.S. credit instruments. It is anticipated that most of the Fund’s
investments will be rated below investment grade or would be rated below investment grade if they were rated. Non-investment grade fixed
income securities, also known as “junk bonds”, are considered speculative. Some of the credit instruments will have no credit
rating at all. The Fund is untethered to benchmark-specific guidelines, thereby providing the Advisors with significant latitude to invest
where they see opportunities and to reduce exposure to areas where they see less value or heightened downside risks.
Relative
Value Focus. A primary driver of the Fund’s investment strategy will
be a relative value focus whereby the Advisors seek to identify market dislocations caused by, among other factors, (i) significant
corporate transactional events, such as spinoffs, mergers and acquisitions, industry consolidations, liquidations, reorganizations, bankruptcies,
recapitalizations and share buybacks and other extraordinary corporate transactions; (ii) market inefficiencies resulting from the
misunderstanding by the broader investment community of a particular company or industry, which misunderstanding results in the income
of such investment reflecting a higher risk premium or the market price of such investment reflecting a lower value than is deemed warranted
by the Advisors and; (iii) companies experiencing financial stress resulting in a mispricing of their securities either because such
securities pay higher income due to perceived risk or trade at a significant discount to fair value whereby the underlying asset values
limit downside risk and offer meaningful upside potential; and (iv) sell-offs in one or more of the relevant credit markets.
Access
to Ares Transaction Flow. The Advisors intend to benefit from the market presence,
scale, infrastructure and demonstrated investment experience of Ares to gain access to transaction flow and a broad set of investment
opportunities across the non-investment grade credit spectrum. Unlike many other alternative investment managers, Ares operates in a fully
integrated manner and encourages frequent collaboration among its investment professionals. This unique approach allows Ares to draw from
the collective market insight, industry expertise, contacts and experience of its over 880 investment professionals around the world.
The
Fund intends to focus on what the Advisors believe are the broader Ares platform’s most attractive investment ideas and allocate
investments sourced from Ares’s multi-billion dollar credit platform to achieve its investment objective. As such, the Advisors
have the flexibility to invest where they see opportunities, based on their extensive credit research expertise and analysis of the relevant
credit markets, in a variety of credit instruments with varying yield and risk profiles. Many investment vehicles available for retail
investors do not include certain asset classes that the Fund will invest in such as private asset-backed investments and directly originated
loans, and therefore the Fund offers a differentiated investment opportunity to the retail investor base.
Active
Monitoring and Investing, with Bottom-Up and Top-Down Credit Analysis by Deep and Experienced Team. The
Advisors will actively construct and manage a portfolio of credit investments and, as necessary, periodically rebalance the Fund’s
allocation of assets among different types of credit investments utilizing the Advisors’ strategies to seek to optimize the Fund’s
allocation to achieve the Fund’s investment objective under the market conditions existing at such time.
With
respect to each investment opportunity, the Advisors intend to take a bottom-up and top-down approach to their credit analysis that will
focus on each individual investment as well as global macroeconomic factors and the industry in which the subject entity operates. The
Advisors’ investment process will be rigorous, proactive and continuous, and will emphasize team management. Close monitoring of
each investment in the portfolio provides the basis for making buy, sell and hold decisions. In managing the Fund’s portfolio, the
Advisors will utilize their and the broader Ares platform’s deep and experienced teams of credit specialists to analyze investments
and engage in regular and periodic monitoring of credit risk with a goal toward the early identification, and sale, of credit instruments
and other investments with potential credit problems. This monitoring process may include reviewing (i) an issuer’s financial
resources and operating history; (ii) a comparison of an issuer’s current operating results with the Advisors’ initial
investment thesis for the investment and initial expectations for the performance of the obligation; (iii) an issuer’s sensitivity
to economic conditions; (iv) the performance of an issuer’s management; (v) an issuer’s debt maturities and borrowing
requirements; (vi) an issuer’s interest and asset coverage; and (vii) the relative value of an investment based on an
issuer’s anticipated cash flow or where other comparable assets are trading in the market.
Portfolio
Composition
The
Fund’s portfolio will consist of some combination of the following types of investments:
Direct
Lending. The Fund may invest in first lien senior secured loans (including
“unitranche” loans, which are loans that combine both senior and mezzanine debt, generally in a first lien position), second
lien senior secured loans and mezzanine debt, which in some cases includes an equity component, of U.S. and European middle-market companies,
where the Advisors believe the supply of primary capital is limited and the investment opportunities are most attractive. These investments
are typically made to companies with annual EBITDA between $10 million and $250 million. As used herein, EBITDA represents net
income before net interest expense, income tax expense, depreciation and amortization.
Syndicated
Corporate Loans. Syndicated Loans generally hold the most senior position in
the capital structure of a Borrower, are typically secured with specific collateral and have a claim on the assets and/or stock of the
Borrower that is senior to that held by unsecured creditors, subordinated debt holders and holders of equity of the Borrower. Typically,
in order to borrow money pursuant to a Syndicated Loan, a Borrower will, for the term of the Syndicated Loan, pledge collateral (subject
to typical exceptions), including but not limited to (i) working capital assets, such as accounts receivable and inventory; (ii) tangible
fixed assets, such as real property, buildings and equipment; (iii) intangible assets, such as trademarks and patent rights; and
(iv) security interests in shares of stock of subsidiaries or affiliates. In the case of Syndicated Loans made to non-public companies,
the company’s shareholders or owners may provide collateral in the form of secured guarantees and/or security interests in assets
that they own. In many instances, a Syndicated Loan may be secured only by stock in the Borrower or its subsidiaries. Collateral may consist
of assets that may not be readily liquidated, and there is no assurance that the liquidation of such assets would satisfy fully a Borrower’s
obligations under a Syndicated Loan.
A
Borrower must comply with various covenants contained in a loan agreement or note purchase agreement between the Borrower and the holders
of the Syndicated Loan (the “Loan Agreement”). In a typical Syndicated Loan, an administrative agent (the “Agent”)
administers the terms of the Loan Agreement. In such cases, the Agent is normally responsible for the collection of principal and interest
payments from the Borrower and the apportionment of these payments to the credit of all institutions that are parties to the Loan Agreement.
The Fund will generally rely upon the Agent or an intermediate participant to receive and forward to the Fund its portion of the principal
and interest payments on the Syndicated Loan. Additionally, the Fund normally will rely on the Agent and the other loan investors to use
appropriate credit remedies against the Borrower. The Agent is typically responsible for monitoring compliance with covenants contained
in the Loan Agreement based upon reports prepared by the
Borrower.
The Agent may monitor the value of the collateral and, if the value of the collateral declines, may accelerate the Syndicated Loan, may
give the Borrower an opportunity to provide additional collateral or may seek other protection for the benefit of the participants in
the Syndicated Loan. The Agent is compensated by the Borrower for providing these services under a Loan Agreement, and such compensation
may include special fees paid upon structuring and funding the Syndicated Loan and other fees paid on a continuing basis.
Syndicated
Loans typically have rates of interest that are determined daily, monthly, quarterly or semi-annually by reference to a base lending rate,
plus a premium or credit spread. As a result, as short-term interest rates increase, interest payable to the Fund from its investments
in Syndicated Loans should increase, and as short-term interest rates decrease, interest payable to the Fund from its investments in Syndicated
Loans should decrease. These base lending rates are primarily LIBOR, SOFR, or another reference rate, and secondarily the prime rate offered
by one or more major U.S. banks and the certificate of deposit rate or other base lending rates used by commercial lenders.
Although
not initially a principal investment strategy, the Fund may purchase and retain in its portfolio Syndicated Loans where the Borrower has
experienced, or may be perceived to be likely to experience, credit problems, including involvement in or recent emergence from bankruptcy
court proceedings or other forms of debt restructuring. Such distressed investments may provide opportunities for enhanced income as well
as capital appreciation, although they also will be subject to greater risk of loss. At times, in connection with the restructuring of
a Syndicated Loan either outside of bankruptcy court or in the context of bankruptcy court proceedings, the Fund may determine or be required
to accept equity securities or junior credit securities in exchange for all or a portion of a Syndicated Loan.
In
the process of buying, selling and holding Syndicated Loans, the Fund may receive and/or pay certain fees. These fees are in addition
to interest payments received and may include facility fees, commitment fees, amendment fees, commissions and prepayment penalty fees.
On an ongoing basis, the Fund may receive a commitment fee based on the undrawn portion of the underlying line of credit portion of a
Syndicated Loan. In certain circumstances, the Fund may receive a prepayment penalty fee upon the prepayment of a Syndicated Loan by a
Borrower. Other fees received by the Fund may include covenant waiver fees, covenant modification fees or other amendment fees.
Corporate
Bonds. An issuer of Corporate Bonds typically pays the investor a fixed rate
of interest and must repay the amount borrowed on or before maturity. The investment return of Corporate Bonds reflects interest on the
security and changes in the market value of the security. The market value of a Corporate Bond generally may be expected to rise and fall
inversely with interest rates. The value of intermediate- and longer-term Corporate Bonds normally fluctuates more in response to changes
in interest rates than does the value of shorter-term Corporate Bonds. The market value of a Corporate Bond also may be affected by investors’
perceptions of the creditworthiness of the issuer, the issuer’s performance and perceptions of the issuer in the market place. There
is a risk that the issuers of Corporate Bonds may not be able to meet their obligations on interest or principal payments at the time
called for by an instrument. The Fund may utilize various types of Derivatives, including swaps, for the purpose of gaining exposure to
Corporate Bonds.
Structured
Credit. The Fund may invest in asset-backed opportunities across broad sectors
such as consumer and commercial specialty finance and corporate credit. The Fund will target investment opportunities that are directly
originated and privately negotiated that may include (i) financings secured by pools of consumer loans, commercial loans or real
estate assets; (ii) the outright purchase of pools of consumer loans, commercial loans or real estate assets; and (iii) debt
and equity investments in U.S.-dollar-denominated CLOs that are primarily backed by corporate leveraged loans issued to primarily U.S.
CLOs, as well as Euro-denominated CLOs that are backed primarily by corporate leveraged loans issued to primarily European CLOs. The investments
in the “equity” of structured credit products (including CLOs) refers to the Residual Tranche.
The
CLO equity tranches (or other similar junior tranches) and privately issued asset-backed securities in which the Fund invests may be highly
leveraged, which magnifies the Fund’s risk of loss on such investments.
Stressed
Investments. The Fund may invest in preferred or common shares, or other instruments,
of companies undergoing, or that have recently completed, bankruptcies, reorganizations, insolvencies, liquidations or other fundamental
changes or similar proceedings or other Stressed Issuers. In any investment opportunity involving any such type, there exists the risk
that the contemplated transaction either will be unsuccessful, will take considerable time or will result in a distribution of cash or
new securities, the value of which will be less than the purchase price to the Fund of the securities or other financial instruments in
respect of which such distribution is received. Similarly, if an anticipated transaction does not in fact occur, the Fund may be required
to sell its investment at a loss. The consummation of such transactions can be prevented or delayed by a variety of factors, including
but not limited to (i) intervention of a regulatory agency; (ii) market conditions resulting in material changes in securities
prices; (iii) compliance with any applicable bankruptcy, insolvency or securities laws; and (iv) the inability to obtain adequate
financing. Because there is substantial uncertainty concerning the outcome of transactions involving financially troubled companies in
which the Fund intends to invest, there is a potential risk of loss by the Fund of its entire investment in such companies.
Commercial
Real Estate Loans.
Senior
Mortgage Loans: These
mortgage loans are typically secured by first liens on commercial properties, including the following property types: office, multifamily,
retail, industrial, hospitality and mixed-use. In some cases, first lien mortgages may be divided into an A-Note and a B-Note. The A-Note
is typically a privately negotiated loan that is secured by a first mortgage on a commercial property or group of related properties that
is senior to a B-Note secured by the same first mortgage property or group.
Subordinated
Debt: These loans
may include structurally subordinated first mortgage loans and junior participations in first mortgage loans or participations in these
types of assets. As noted above, a B-Note is typically a privately negotiated loan that is secured by a first mortgage on a commercial
property or group of related properties and is subordinated to an A-Note secured by the same first mortgage property or group. The subordination
of a B-Note or junior participation typically is evidenced by participations or intercreditor agreements with other holders of interests
in the note. B-Notes are subject to more credit risk with respect to the underlying mortgage collateral than the corresponding A-Note.
Preferred
Equity: Real estate
preferred equity investments are subordinate to first mortgage loans and are not collateralized by the property underlying the investment.
As a holder of preferred equity, the Fund seeks to enhance its position with covenants that limit the activities of the entity in which
the Fund has an interest and protect the Fund’s equity by obtaining an exclusive right to control the underlying property after
an event of default, should such a default occur on the Fund’s investment.
Mezzanine
Loans: Like B-Notes,
these loans are also subordinated, but are usually secured by a pledge of the borrower’s equity ownership in the entity that owns
the property or by a second lien mortgage on the property. In a liquidation, these loans are generally junior to any mortgage liens on
the underlying property, but senior to any preferred equity or common equity interests in the entity that owns the property. Investor
rights are usually governed by intercreditor agreements.
Other
Investment Strategies. The Fund may also invest in distressed securities, notes,
bills, debentures, bank loans, convertible and preferred securities, government and municipal obligations and other credit instruments
with similar economic characteristics. In addition, from time to time, the Fund may invest in or hold common shares and other equity securities
incidental to the purchase or ownership of a Syndicated Loan or Corporate Bond or in connection with a reorganization of a borrower. The
Fund may engage in short sales. The Fund may also use Derivatives to gain investment exposure to credit instruments, to provide downside
protection and to dampen volatility. Derivatives may allow the Fund to increase or decrease the level of risk to which the Fund is exposed
more quickly and efficiently than transactions in other types of instruments. The Fund may invest in securities of other investment companies,
including ETFs, to the extent that these investments are consistent with the Fund’s investment objective, strategies and policies
and permissible under the 1940 Act or any applicable exemption therefrom. The Fund may invest in other investment companies to gain broad
market or sector exposure, including during periods when it has large amounts of uninvested cash or when the Advisors believe share prices
of other investment companies offer attractive values.
Other
Characteristics
Below
Investment Grade Credit Instruments. Most of the credit instruments in which
the Fund may invest will be rated below investment grade (also known as “junk bonds”). Securities rated below investment grade
are those that, at the time of investment, are rated Ba1 or lower by Moody’s, or BB+ or lower by S&P or Fitch, or if unrated
are determined by the Advisors to be of comparable quality. Below investment grade securities often are regarded as having predominately
speculative characteristics with respect to an issuer’s capacity to pay interest and repay principal. In addition, lower quality
debt securities tend to be more sensitive to general economic conditions. Although many of the Fund’s investments may consist of
securities rated below investment grade, the Fund reserves the right to invest in credit instruments of any credit quality, maturity and
duration.
Foreign
Instruments. The Fund may make investments in non-U.S. entities, including
issuers in emerging markets. Emerging market countries are countries that major international financial institutions, such as the World
Bank, generally consider to be less economically mature than developed nations, such as the United States or most nations in Western Europe.
Emerging market countries can include every nation in the world except the United States, Canada, Japan, Australia, New Zealand, most
countries located in Western Europe and certain other countries. The Fund expects that its investment in non-U.S. issuers will be made
primarily in U.S. dollar denominated securities, but it reserves the right to purchase securities that are foreign currency denominated.
Some non-U.S. securities may be less liquid and more volatile than securities of comparable U.S. issuers.
Illiquid
and Restricted Securities. The Fund may invest in instruments that, at the
time of investment, are illiquid (generally, those securities that cannot be disposed of within seven days in the ordinary course of business
at approximately the value at which the Fund has valued the securities). Although the Fund may invest in such instruments without limitation,
pursuant to the requirements of the 1940 Act, the Board has adopted, and the Fund follows, procedures designed to ensure that the Fund
maintains sufficient liquidity to meet its periodic repurchase obligations as an interval fund. The Fund may also invest, without limit,
in securities that are unregistered (but are eligible for purchase and sale by certain qualified institutional buyers) or are held by
control persons of the issuer and securities that are subject to contractual restrictions on their resale.
The
Fund may invest its cash balances in money market instruments, U.S. government securities, commercial paper, certificates of deposit,
repurchase agreements and other high-quality debt instruments maturing in one year or less, among other instruments. In addition, and
in response to adverse market, economic or political conditions, the Fund may invest in high-quality fixed income securities, money market
instruments and money market funds or may hold significant positions in cash or cash equivalents for defensive purposes.
The
Investment Process
The
Fund’s portfolio is managed by CAM employees Mitch Goldstein and Greg Margolies, who are also employees of an affiliate of Ares,
where Mitch Goldstein is Co-Head of the Ares Credit Group and Greg Margolies is a Partner. In managing the portfolio, they employ two
principal inputs, a quantitative allocation model and the Sub-Advisor’s Allocation Committee comprised of portfolio managers and
investment officers from each underlying credit discipline.
The
Ares model utilizes a scoring system intended to quantify the following with a common scale:
•
four
risk factors for each asset class including:
◦
volatility: variability
of price for a given security;
◦
liquidity: extent
to which an asset or security can be purchased or sold within the context of its current quoted price;
◦
loss
probability: probability of realizing a loss from default; and
◦
control
premium: premium to value associated with having a controlling position in structuring and originating debt instruments
•
three
macroeconomic risk factors including correlation to equities, interest rate risk, and geographic/regional risk
•
relative
value spread basis between different asset classes, based on standard deviations in price of each asset
•
relative
value of each asset class as compared to its own historical average measured by standard deviation
The
Ares scoring for each asset class is then used to solve for an optimal allocation mix using a range of targeted returns. Minimum and maximum
concentration and diversification limits may be applied. This output is meant as an objective measure of relative value, useful in guiding
both Allocation Committee discussion and in advising Ares co-portfolio managers as to portfolio construction.
Allocation
Committee meetings are held monthly and serve multiple ends. The forum is intended to facilitate a congress of expert opinions from across
the credit spectrum. Members discuss macroeconomic trends, U.S. and global growth (or contraction), labor market trends, inflation trends,
fiscal and monetary policy trends, asset valuations, liquidity conditions and investor sentiment. Each is addressed with respect to its
potential effect on lending conditions and credit spreads across underlying asset classes. Consensus is not required, however the agenda
will tend to facilitate development of broad “house views” as to macroeconomic forecasts. Specific focus is given to the subject
of valuation, and whether each credit asset class is priced attractively relative to its fundamental (absolute) risk and also by comparison
to other credit assets. Healthy disagreement on this topic is encouraged, and particular consideration given to the spreads at which most
recent loans or bonds have been underwritten by the investment teams of each asset class. The end objective is to determine which asset
classes appear cheaply valued and most attractive relative to the risks inherent to each asset class.
The
process culminates as Mitch Goldstein and Greg Margolies determine portfolio positioning and will decide how much of the Fund’s
portfolio is invested in each credit asset class. The composition and construction of each underlying asset category is then determined
by the portfolio managers specific to that asset category. To the extent possible, such portfolio managers are the same as would be employed
in managing a standalone fund within that underlying asset class and the pool of investment ideas from which the underlying asset category
is populated would similarly be the same. All investments are either sourced from third parties or by Ares directly, but the Fund expects
the vast majority of the Fund’s investments to be directly originated by the Ares investment teams. While each underlying investment
team employs its own distinct investment process tailored to that asset class, all portfolio investments undergo intensive screening,
due diligence, and credit analyses focused on principal preservation and long-term value creation in market leading businesses. This ensures
integrity of process down to the selection of specific companies and credits and is intended to maximize “best ideas” capture
across the platform. As the allocation between various asset classes change, underlying portfolio managers are directed to monetize assets
or increase their investments to raise liquidity or deploy additional investment capital.
TYPES
OF INVESTMENTS AND RELATED RISKS
Investors
should carefully consider the risk factors described below, before deciding on whether to make an investment in the Fund. The risks set
out below are not the only risks the Fund faces. Additional risks and uncertainties not currently known to the Fund or that the Fund currently
deems to be immaterial also may materially adversely affect the Fund’s business, financial condition and/or operating results. If
any of the following events occur, the Fund’s business, financial condition and results of operations could be materially adversely
affected. In such case, the NAV of the Fund’s Shares could decline, and investors may lose all or part of their investment.
Risks
Relating to Investment Strategies and Fund Investments
Distressed
and Event-Driven Investing Risk. The Fund may invest in securities and other
obligations of companies that are involved in significant financial or business distress, including companies involved in bankruptcy or
other reorganization and liquidation proceedings. Although such investments may result in significant income and returns for the Fund,
they involve a substantial degree of risk. The level of analytical sophistication, both financial and legal, necessary for successful
investment in distressed assets is particularly high. There is no assurance that the Fund will correctly evaluate the value of the assets
collateralizing the Fund’s investments or the prospects for a successful reorganization or similar action in respect of any company.
In any reorganization or liquidation proceeding relating to a company in which the Fund invests, the Fund may lose its entire investment,
may be required to accept cash or securities with a value less than the Fund’s original investment and/or may be required to accept
payment over an extended period of time. Troubled company investments and other distressed asset-based investments require active monitoring.
The
Fund may also invest in companies in expectation of a specific event or catalyst, which may be external (e.g.,
a macroeconomic event impacting relevant markets) or an event that is specific to the company (e.g.,
a Chapter 11 filing). Such event-driven investing requires the Fund to make judgments concerning (i) the likelihood that an event
will occur; and (ii) the impact such event will have on the value of the Fund’s investment in the relevant company. If the
event fails to occur or it does not have the effect foreseen, significant losses can result.
Market
Price Inefficiency Risk. The Fund seeks investment opportunities based on what
the Advisors perceive as market inefficiencies. However, recognizing market inefficiencies requires a high level of market expertise and
is inherently difficult because it requires the recognition of information that the majority of market participants have not identified.
The Fund may not effectively recognize market inefficiencies and, even if it does, the market may not correct as the Fund predicts, either
of which could result in significant losses to the Fund.
Limited
Portfolio Companies Risk. The Fund seeks to achieve its investment objective
by focusing on a limited number of opportunities across the investment universe that it believes offer potentially exceptional risk-adjusted
income and returns as compared to more traditional investment strategies under current and expected economic conditions. As a result,
the Fund’s portfolio may be focused in a limited number of portfolio companies and industries. Beyond the asset diversification
requirements associated with the Fund’s qualification as a RIC under Subchapter M of the Code and the fundamental investment limitations
set forth in the Statement of Additional Information, the Fund does not have fixed guidelines for diversification, and while the Fund
is not targeting any specific industries, the Fund’s investments may be focused in relatively few industries or portfolio companies.
As a result, the aggregate income and returns the Fund realizes may be significantly adversely affected if a small number of investments
perform poorly or if the Fund needs to write down the value of any one investment. Additionally, a downturn in any particular industry
in which the Fund is invested could also significantly impact the aggregate income and returns it realizes.
Debt
Instruments Risk. The Fund may invest in loans and other types of debt instruments
and securities. Such investments may be secured, partially secured or unsecured and may be rated or unrated, and whether or not rated,
may have speculative characteristics. Changes in interest rates generally will cause the value of fixed rate debt investments held by
the Fund to vary inversely to such changes. Debt investments with longer terms to maturity or duration are subject to greater volatility
than investments in
shorter-term
obligations. The issuer of a debt security or instrument may not be able or willing to pay interest or to repay principal when due in
accordance with the terms of the associated agreement. An obligor’s willingness to pay interest or to repay principal due in a timely
manner may be affected by, among other factors, its cash flow. Commercial bank lenders may be able to contest payments to the holders
of other debt obligations of the same obligor in the event of default under their commercial bank loan agreements. See also “Types
of Investments and Related Risks — Credit Risk.”
The
Fund may invest in loans and other similar forms of debt. Such forms of indebtedness may be different from traditional debt securities
in that debt securities are typically part of a large issue of securities and loans and similar debt instruments may not be securities,
but may represent a specific commercial loan to a borrower. Loan participations typically represent direct participation, together with
other parties, in a loan to a corporate borrower, and generally are offered by banks or other financial institutions or lending syndicates.
The Fund may participate in such syndications, or can buy part of a loan, becoming a part lender. When purchasing indebtedness and loan
participations, the Fund assumes the credit risk associated with the borrower and may assume the credit risk associated with an interposed
bank or other Financial Intermediary. Members of a syndicate in which the Fund participates may have different and sometimes superior
rights to those of the Fund. Where the Fund invests as a sub-participant in syndicated debt, it may be subject to certain risks as a result
of having no direct contractual relationship with the underlying borrower. As a result, the Fund will generally be dependent on the lender
to enforce its rights and obligations under the loan arrangements in the event of a default by the underlying borrower and will generally
not have any direct rights against the underlying borrower, any direct rights in the collateral, if any, securing such borrowing, or any
right to deal directly with such borrower. The lender will, in general, retain the right to determine whether remedies provided for in
the underlying loan arrangement will be exercised, or waived. In the event that the Fund enters into such an investment, there can be
no assurance that its ability to realize upon a participation will not be interrupted or impaired in the event of the bankruptcy or insolvency
of any of the borrower or the lender or that in such circumstances the Fund will benefit from any set-off between the lender and the borrower.
Claims by third parties arising from these and other risks may be borne by the Fund.
Syndicated
Loans Risk. The Syndicated Loans in which the Fund will invest will primarily
be rated below investment grade, but may also be unrated and of comparable credit quality. As a result, the risks associated with such
Syndicated Loans are generally similar to the risks of other below investment grade fixed income instruments, although Syndicated Loans
are senior and typically secured in contrast to other below investment grade fixed income instruments, which are often subordinated or
unsecured. Investments in below investment grade Syndicated Loans are considered speculative because of the credit risk of the Borrowers.
Such Borrowers are more likely than investment grade Borrowers to default on their payments of interest and principal owed to the Fund,
and such defaults could reduce the Fund’s NAV and income dividends. An economic downturn would generally lead to a higher non-payment
rate, and a Syndicated Loan may lose significant market value before a default occurs. Moreover, any specific collateral used to secure
a Syndicated Loan may decline in value or become illiquid, which would adversely affect the Syndicated Loan’s value. Syndicated
Loans are subject to a number of risks described elsewhere in this prospectus, including liquidity risk and the risk of investing in below
investment grade fixed income instruments.
Syndicated
Loans are subject to the risk of non-payment of scheduled interest or principal. Such non-payment would result in a reduction of income
to the Fund, a reduction in the value of the investment and a potential decrease in the NAV of the Fund. There can be no assurance that
the liquidation of any collateral securing a Syndicated Loan would satisfy the Borrower’s obligation in the event of non-payment
of scheduled interest or principal payments, whether when due or upon acceleration, or that the collateral could be liquidated, readily
or otherwise. In the event of bankruptcy or insolvency of a Borrower, the Fund could experience delays or limitations with respect to
its ability to realize the benefits of the collateral, if any, securing a Syndicated Loan. The collateral securing a Syndicated Loan,
if any, may lose all or substantially all of its value in the event of the bankruptcy or insolvency of a Borrower. Some Syndicated Loans
are subject to the risk that a court, pursuant to fraudulent conveyance or other similar laws, could subordinate such Syndicated Loans
to presently existing or future indebtedness of the Borrower or take other action detrimental to the holders of Syndicated Loans including,
in certain circumstances, invalidating such Syndicated Loans or causing interest previously paid to be refunded to the Borrower.
Additionally,
a Syndicated Loan may be “primed” in bankruptcy, which reduces the ability of the holders of the Syndicated Loan to recover
on the collateral. Priming takes place when a debtor in bankruptcy is allowed to incur additional indebtedness by the bankruptcy court
and such indebtedness has a senior or pari passu lien with the debtor’s existing secured indebtedness, such as existing Syndicated
Loans or secured Corporate Bonds.
There
may be less readily available information about most Syndicated Loans and the Borrowers thereunder than is the case for many other types
of securities, including securities issued in transactions registered under the Securities Act of 1933, as amended (the “1933 Act”),
or registered under the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, as amended (the “Exchange Act”), and Borrowers subject to the periodic
reporting requirements of Section 13 of the Exchange Act. Syndicated Loans may be issued by companies that are not subject to SEC
reporting requirements and these companies, therefore, do not file reports with the SEC that must comply with SEC form requirements and
in addition are subject to a less stringent liability disclosure regime than companies subject to SEC reporting requirements. As a result,
the Advisors will rely primarily on their own evaluation of a Borrower’s credit quality rather than on any available independent
sources. Therefore, the Fund will be particularly dependent on the analytical abilities of the Advisors.
The
secondary trading market for Syndicated Loans may be less liquid than the secondary trading market for registered investment grade debt
securities. No active trading market may exist for certain Syndicated Loans, which may make it difficult to value them. Illiquidity and
adverse market conditions may mean that the Fund may not be able to sell Syndicated Loans quickly or at a fair price. To the extent that
a secondary market does exist for certain Syndicated Loans, the market for them may be subject to irregular trading activity, wide bid/ask
spreads and extended trade settlement periods.
Syndicated
Loans and other variable rate debt instruments are subject to the risk of payment defaults of scheduled interest or principal. Such payment
defaults would result in a reduction of income to the Fund, a reduction in the value of the investment and a potential decrease in the
NAV of the Fund. Similarly, a sudden and significant increase in market interest rates may increase the risk of payment defaults and cause
a decline in the value of these investments and in the Fund’s NAV. Other factors (including, but not limited to, rating downgrades,
credit deterioration, a large downward movement in share prices, a disparity in supply and demand of certain securities or market conditions
that reduce liquidity) can reduce the value of Syndicated Loans and other debt obligations, impairing the Fund’s NAV.
Syndicated
Loans are subject to legislative risk. If legislation or state or federal regulations impose additional requirements or restrictions on
the ability of financial institutions to make loans, the availability of Syndicated Loans for investment by the Fund may be adversely
affected. In addition, such requirements or restrictions could reduce or eliminate sources of financing for certain Borrowers. This would
increase the risk of default. If legislation or federal or state regulations require financial institutions to increase their capital
requirements this may cause financial institutions to dispose of Syndicated Loans that are considered highly levered transactions. Such
sales could result in prices that, in the opinions of the Advisors, do not represent fair value. If the Fund attempts to sell a Syndicated
Loan at a time when a financial institution is engaging in such a sale, the price the Fund could receive for the Syndicated Loan may be
adversely affected.
The
Fund expects to acquire Syndicated Loans through assignments and, to a lesser extent, through participations. The purchaser of an assignment
typically succeeds to all the rights and obligations of the assigning institution and becomes a lender under the credit agreement with
respect to the debt obligation; however, the purchaser’s rights can be more restricted than those of the assigning institution,
and the Fund may not be able to unilaterally enforce all rights and remedies under the loan and with regard to any associated collateral.
In general, a participation is a contractual relationship only with the institution participating out the interest, not with the Borrower.
Sellers of participations typically include banks, broker-dealers, other financial institutions and lending institutions. In purchasing
participations, the Fund generally will have no right to enforce compliance by the Borrower with the terms of the loan agreement against
the Borrower, and the Fund may not directly benefit from the collateral supporting the debt obligation in which it has purchased the participation.
As a result, (i) the Fund will be exposed to the credit risk of both the Borrower and the institution selling the participation;
and (ii) both the Borrower and the institution selling the participation will be considered issuers for purposes of the Fund’s
investment
restriction
concerning industry concentration. See “Investment Restrictions”. Further, in purchasing participations in lending syndicates,
the Fund may be more limited than it otherwise would be in its ability to conduct due diligence on the Borrower. In addition, as a holder
of the participations, the Fund may not have voting rights or inspection rights that the Fund would otherwise have if it were investing
directly in the Syndicated Loan, which may result in the Fund being exposed to greater credit or fraud risk with respect to the Borrower
or the Syndicated Loan.
Subordinated
Loans Risk. Although the Fund does not initially expect Subordinated Loans
to be a significant component of its portfolio, it may invest in such instruments from time to time. Subordinated Loans generally are
subject to similar risks as those associated with investments in Syndicated Loans, except that such loans are subordinated in payment
and/or lower in lien priority to first lien holders. In the event of default on a Subordinated Loan, the first priority lien holder has
first claim to the underlying collateral of the loan to the extent such claim is secured. Additionally, an oversecured creditor may be
entitled to additional interest and other charges in bankruptcy increasing the amount of their allowed claim. Subordinated Loans are subject
to the additional risk that the cash flow of the Borrower and property securing the loan or debt, if any, may be insufficient to meet
scheduled payments after giving effect to the senior obligations of the Borrower. This risk is generally higher for subordinated unsecured
loans or debt, which are not backed by a security interest in any specific collateral. Subordinated Loans generally have greater price
volatility than Syndicated Loans and may be less liquid.
“Covenant-Lite”
Loans Risk. Some of the loans in which the Fund may invest directly or indirectly
through its investments in collateralized debt obligations (“CDOs”), CLOs or other types of structured securities may be “covenant-lite”
loans, which means the loans contain fewer maintenance covenants than other loans (in some cases, none) and do not include terms which
allow the lender to monitor the performance of the borrower and declare a default if certain criteria are breached. An investment by the
Fund in a covenant-lite loan may potentially hinder the ability to reprice credit risk associated with the issuer and reduce the ability
to restructure a problematic loan and mitigate potential loss. The Fund may also experience delays in enforcing its rights on its holdings
of covenant-lite loans. As a result of these risks, the Fund’s exposure to losses may be increased, which could result in an adverse
impact on the Fund’s net income and net asset value.
Corporate
Bond Risk. The market value of a Corporate Bond generally may be expected to
rise and fall inversely with interest rates. The market value of intermediate- and longer-term Corporate Bonds is generally more sensitive
to changes in interest rates than is the market value of shorter-term Corporate Bonds. The market value of a Corporate Bond also may be
affected by factors directly related to the issuer, such as investors’ perceptions of the creditworthiness of the issuer, the issuer’s
financial performance, perceptions of the issuer in the market place, performance of management of the issuer, the issuer’s capital
structure and use of financial leverage and demand for the issuer’s goods and services. Certain risks associated with investments
in Corporate Bonds are described elsewhere in this Prospectus in further detail, including under “Credit Risk”, “Prepayment
Risk” and “Inflation and Deflation Risk”. There is a risk that the issuers of Corporate Bonds may not be able to meet
their obligations on interest or principal payments at the time called for by an instrument. The Fund expects to invest primarily in Corporate
Bonds that are high yield issues rated below investment grade. High yield Corporate Bonds are often high risk and have speculative characteristics.
High yield Corporate Bonds may be particularly susceptible to adverse issuer-specific developments. High yield Corporate Bonds are subject
to the risks described below under “Below Investment Grade Rating Risk.”
Asset-Backed
Securities Risk. Asset-backed securities often involve risks that are different
from or more acute than risks associated with other types of debt instruments. For instance, asset-backed securities may be particularly
sensitive to changes in prevailing interest rates. In addition, the underlying assets are subject to prepayments that shorten the securities’
weighted average maturity and may lower their return. Asset-backed securities are also subject to risks associated with their structure
and the nature of the assets underlying the security and the servicing of those assets. Payment of interest and repayment of principal
on asset-backed securities is largely dependent upon the cash flows generated by the assets backing the securities and, in certain cases,
supported by letters of credit, surety bonds or other credit enhancements. The values of asset-backed securities may be substantially
dependent on the servicing of the underlying asset pools, and are therefore subject to risks associated with the negligence by, or defalcation
of, their
servicers.
Furthermore, debtors may be entitled to the protection of a number of state and federal consumer credit laws with respect to the assets
underlying these securities, which may give the debtor the right to avoid or reduce payment. In addition, due to their often complicated
structures, various asset-backed securities may be difficult to value and may constitute illiquid investments. If many borrowers on the
underlying loans default, losses could exceed the credit enhancement level and result in losses to investors in asset-backed securities.
Below
Investment Grade Rating Risk. The Fund expects initially that its investments
in Syndicated Loans, Subordinated Loans, Corporate Bonds and other debt instruments will consist primarily of securities and loans that
are rated below investment grade or unrated and of comparable credit quality. Corporate Bonds that are rated below investment grade are
often referred to as “high yield” securities or “junk bonds.” Below investment grade Syndicated Loans, high yield
securities and other similar instruments are rated “Ba1” or lower by Moody’s, “BB+” or lower by S&P
or “BB+” or lower by Fitch or, if unrated, are judged by the Advisors to be of comparable credit quality. While generally
providing greater income and opportunity for gain, below investment grade rated Corporate Bonds and Syndicated Loans and similar debt
instruments may be subject to greater risks than securities or instruments that have higher credit ratings, including a higher risk of
default. The credit rating of a Corporate Bond and Syndicated Loan that is rated below investment grade does not necessarily address its
market value risk, and ratings may from time to time change, positively or negatively, to reflect developments regarding the issuer’s
financial condition. Below investment grade Corporate Bonds and Syndicated Loans and similar instruments often are considered to be speculative
with respect to the capacity of the Borrower to timely repay principal and pay interest or dividends in accordance with the terms of the
obligation and may have more credit risk than higher rated securities. Lower grade securities and similar debt instruments may be particularly
susceptible to economic downturns. It is likely that a prolonged or deepening economic recession could adversely affect the ability of
some Borrowers issuing such Corporate Bonds, Syndicated Loans and similar debt instruments to repay principal and pay interest on the
instrument, increase the incidence of default and severely disrupt the market value of the securities and similar debt instruments.
The
secondary market for below investment grade Corporate Bonds and Syndicated Loans and similar instruments may be less liquid than that
for higher rated instruments. Because unrated securities may not have an active trading market or may be difficult to value, the Fund
might have difficulty selling them promptly at an acceptable price. To the extent that the Fund invests in unrated securities, the Fund’s
ability to achieve its investment objectives will be more dependent on the Advisors’ credit analysis than would be the case when
the Fund invests in rated securities.
Under
normal market conditions, the Fund will invest in Syndicated Loans and Corporate Bonds, and may invest in Subordinated Loans and other
debt instruments, rated in the lower rating categories (“Caa1” or lower by Moody’s, “CCC+” or lower by S&P
or CCC+ or lower by Fitch) or unrated and of comparable quality. For these securities, the risks associated with below investment grade
instruments are more pronounced. The Fund may incur additional expenses to the extent it is required to seek recovery upon a default in
the payment of principal or interest on its portfolio holdings. In any reorganization or liquidation proceeding relating to an investment,
the Fund may lose its entire investment or may be required to accept cash or securities with a value substantially less than its original
investment.
Collateralized
Loan Obligations Risk. CLOs issue debt securities in tranches with different
payment characteristics and different credit ratings. The rated tranches of CLO Debt Securities are generally assigned credit ratings
by one or more nationally recognized statistical rating organization (“NRSRO”). Residual tranches are the most junior tranches
and do not receive ratings. Below investment grade tranches of CLO Debt Securities typically experience a lower recovery, greater risk
of loss or deferral or non-payment of interest than more senior tranches of the CLO. The riskiest portion of the capital structure of
a CLO is the subordinated (or residual) tranche, which bears the bulk of defaults from the loans in the CLO and serves to protect the
other, more senior tranches from default in all but the most severe circumstances. Since it is partially protected from defaults, a senior
tranche from a CLO typically has higher ratings and lower yields than the underlying securities, and can be rated investment grade. Despite
the protection from the subordinated tranche, CLO tranches can experience substantial losses due to actual defaults, increased sensitivity
to defaults due to collateral default and disappearance of protecting tranches, market anticipation of defaults and aversion to CLO Securities
as a class. The risks of an investment in a CLO depend largely on the collateral and the tranche of the CLO in which the Fund invests.
The
CLOs in which the Fund invests may have issued and sold debt tranches that will rank senior to the tranches in which the Fund invests.
By their terms, such more senior tranches may entitle the holders to receive payment of interest or principal on or before the dates on
which the Fund is entitled to receive payments with respect to the tranches in which the Fund invests.
Also,
in the event of insolvency, liquidation, dissolution, reorganization or bankruptcy of a CLO, holders of more senior tranches would typically
be entitled to receive payment in full before the Fund receives any distribution. After repaying such senior creditors, such CLO may not
have any remaining assets to use for repaying its obligation to the Fund. In the case of tranches ranking equally with the tranches in
which the Fund invests, the Fund would have to share on an equal basis any distributions with other creditors holding such securities
in the event of an insolvency, liquidation, dissolution, reorganization or bankruptcy of the relevant CLO. Therefore, the Fund may not
receive back the full amount of its investment in a CLO.
The
transaction documents relating to the issuance of CLO Debt Securities may impose eligibility criteria on the assets of the CLO, restrict
the ability of the CLO’s investment manager to trade investments and impose certain portfolio-wide asset quality requirements. These
criteria, restrictions and requirements may limit the ability of the CLO’s investment manager to maximize returns on the CLO Debt
Securities. In addition, other parties involved in CLOs, such as third party credit enhancers and investors in the rated tranches may
impose requirements that have an adverse effect on the returns of the various tranches of CLO Debt Securities. Furthermore, CLO Debt Securities
issuance transaction documents generally contain provisions that, in the event that certain tests are not met (generally interest coverage
and over-collateralization tests at varying levels in the capital structure), proceeds that would otherwise be distributed to holders
of a junior tranche must be diverted to pay down the senior tranches until such tests are satisfied. Failure (or increased likelihood
of failure) of a CLO to make timely payments on a particular tranche will have an adverse effect on the liquidity and market value of
such tranche.
Payments
to holders of CLO Debt Securities may be subject to deferral. If cash flows generated by the underlying assets are insufficient to make
all current and, if applicable, deferred payments on CLO Debt Securities, no other assets will be available for payment of the deficiency
and, following realization of the underlying assets, the obligations of the issuer of the related CLO Debt Securities to pay such deficiency
will be extinguished.
The
market value of CLO Debt Securities may be affected by, among other things, changes in the market value of the underlying assets held
by the CLO, changes in the distributions on the underlying assets, defaults and recoveries on the underlying assets, capital gains and
losses on the underlying assets, prepayments on underlying assets and the availability, prices and interest rate of underlying assets.
Furthermore, the leveraged nature of each subordinated class may magnify the adverse impact on such class of changes in the value of the
assets, changes in the distributions on the assets, defaults and recoveries on the assets, capital gains and losses on the assets, prepayment
on assets and availability, price and interest rates of assets. Finally, CLO Debt Securities are limited recourse and may not be paid
in full and may be subject to up to 100% loss.
Commercial
Real Estate Lending Investments Risk. The
Fund’s senior commercial real estate loans are secured by commercial property and are subject to risks of delinquency and foreclosure,
and risks of loss that may be greater than similar risks associated with loans made on the security of single-family residential property.
The ability of a borrower to repay a loan secured by an income-producing property typically is dependent primarily upon the successful
operation of such property rather than upon the existence of independent income or assets of the borrower. If the net operating income
of the property is reduced, the borrower’s ability to repay the loan may be impaired. Net operating income of an income-producing
property can be adversely affected by, among other things,
•
tenant
mix;
•
success
of tenant businesses;
•
property
management decisions;
•
property
location, condition and design;
•
competition
from comparable types of properties;
•
changes
in laws that increase operating expenses or limit rents that may be charged;
•
changes
in national, regional or local economic conditions and/or specific industry segments, including the credit and securitization markets;
•
declines
in regional or local real estate values;
•
declines
in regional or local rental or occupancy rates;
•
increases
in interest rates, real estate tax rates and other operating expenses;
•
costs
of remediation and liabilities associated with environmental conditions;
•
the
potential for uninsured or underinsured property losses;
•
changes
in governmental laws and regulations, including fiscal policies, zoning ordinances and environmental legislation and the related costs
of compliance; and
•
acts
of God, terrorist attacks, social unrest and civil disturbances.
In
the event of any default under a mortgage loan held directly by the Fund, the Fund will bear a risk of loss of principal to the extent
of any deficiency between the value of the collateral and the principal and accrued interest of the mortgage loan, which could have a
material adverse effect on the Fund’s cash flow from operations and limit amounts available for distribution to the Fund’s
Shareholders. In the event of the bankruptcy of a mortgage loan borrower, the mortgage loan to such borrower will be deemed to be secured
only to the extent of the value of the underlying collateral at the time of bankruptcy (as determined by the bankruptcy court), and the
lien securing the mortgage loan will be subject to the avoidance powers of the bankruptcy trustee or debtor-in-possession to the extent
the lien is unenforceable under state law. Foreclosure of a mortgage loan can be an expensive and lengthy process, which could have a
substantial negative effect on the Fund’s anticipated return on the foreclosed mortgage loan.
Duration
and Maturity Risk. The Fund has no fixed policy regarding portfolio maturity
or duration. Holding long duration and long maturity investments will expose the Fund to certain magnified risks. When interest rates
rise, certain obligations will be paid off by the issuers of debt investments more slowly than anticipated, causing the value of these
obligations to fall. Rising interest rates tend to extend the duration of securities, making them more sensitive to changes in interest
rates. The value of longer-term securities generally changes more in response to changes in interest rates than shorter-term securities.
As a result, in a period of rising interest rates, such as in recent years, securities may exhibit additional volatility and may
lose value.
When
interest rates fall, certain obligations will be paid off by the issuers of debt investments more quickly than originally anticipated,
and the Fund may have to invest the proceeds in securities with lower yields. In periods of falling interest rates, the rate of prepayments
tends to increase (as does price fluctuation) as issuers of debt instruments are motivated to pay off debt and refinance at new lower
rates. During such periods, reinvestment of the prepayment proceeds by the Advisor will generally be at lower rates of return than the
return on the assets that were prepaid. Prepayment reduces the yield to maturity and the average life of the security.
Distressed
and Defaulted Debt Risk. The Fund may invest, to a limited extent, in securities,
including loans purchased in the secondary market, that are the subject of bankruptcy proceedings or otherwise in default or at risk of
being in default as to the repayment of principal and/or interest at the time of acquisition by the Fund (“Distressed Debt”).
Investment in Distressed Debt is speculative and involves significant risks.
The
Fund may make such investments when the Advisors believe it is reasonably likely that the issuer of Distressed Debt will make an exchange
offer or will be the subject of a plan of reorganization pursuant to which the Fund will receive new securities in return for Distressed
Debt. There can be no assurance, however, that such an exchange offer will be made or that such a plan of reorganization will be adopted.
In addition, a significant period of time may pass between the time at which the Fund makes its investment in Distressed Debt and the
time that any such exchange offer or plan of reorganization is completed, if at all.
During
this period, it is unlikely that the Fund would receive any interest payments on the Distressed Debt, the Fund would be subject to significant
uncertainty whether the exchange offer or plan of reorganization will be completed and the Fund may be required to bear certain extraordinary
expenses to protect and recover its investment. Therefore, to the extent the Fund seeks capital appreciation through investment in Distressed
Debt, the Fund’s ability to achieve current income for its Shareholders may be diminished. The Fund also will be subject to significant
uncertainty as to when and in what manner and for what value the obligations evidenced by the Distressed Debt will eventually be satisfied
(e.g., through a liquidation of
the obligor’s assets, an exchange offer or plan of reorganization involving the Distressed Debt or a payment of some amount in satisfaction
of the obligation). Even if an exchange offer is made or plan of reorganization is adopted with respect to Distressed Debt held by the
Fund, there can be no assurance that the securities or other assets received by the Fund in connection with such exchange offer or plan
of reorganization will not have a lower value or income potential than may have been anticipated when the investment was made or no value.
Moreover, any securities received by the Fund upon completion of an exchange offer or plan of reorganization may be restricted as to resale.
Similarly, if the Fund participates in negotiations with respect to any exchange offer or plan of reorganization with respect to an issuer
of Distressed Debt, the Fund may be restricted from disposing of such securities. To the extent that the Fund becomes involved in such
proceedings, the Fund may have a more active participation in the affairs of the issuer than that assumed generally by an investor.
Credit
Risk. Credit risk is the risk that one or more loans or debt securities in
the Fund’s portfolio will decline in price or one or more Borrowers will fail to pay interest or principal when due because one
or more Borrowers experiences a decline in its financial condition. While a senior position in the capital structure of a Borrower may
provide some protection with respect to the Fund’s investments in Syndicated Loans, losses may still occur because the market value
of Syndicated Loans is affected by the creditworthiness of Borrowers and by general economic and specific industry conditions. To the
extent the Fund invests in below investment grade Corporate Bonds, Syndicated Loans or other investments, it will be exposed to a greater
amount of credit risk than a fund that invests in investment grade securities or loans. Typically, the prices of lower grade securities
or loans are more sensitive to negative developments, such as a decline in the Borrower’s revenues or a general economic downturn,
than are the prices of higher grade securities or loans.
Credit
Ratings Risk. Credit ratings represent only the opinion of a rating agency
with respect to the ability of a company to make principal and interest payments on its securities. In determining a credit rating, rating
agencies do not evaluate the risks of fluctuations in market value. Further, there may be limits on the effectiveness of the rating agencies’
financial models. For these and other reasons, a credit rating may not fully reflect the risks inherent in the relevant security. Further,
a rating agency may have a conflict of interest with respect to a security for which it assigns a particular rating. For example, if the
issuer or sponsor of a security pays a rating agency for the analysis of its security, a conflict of interest exists that could affect
the reliability of the rating. In addition, credit rating agencies may or may not make timely changes to a rating to reflect changes in
the economy or in the conditions of the issuer that affect the market value of the security. In other words, a security or an issuer may
maintain a certain credit rating even though conditions have deteriorated or improved since the rating was issued. Consequently, credit
ratings should not necessarily be relied upon as an indicator of investment quality. If a rating agency changes the rating assigned to
one or more of the Fund’s investments, the Fund is not required to sell the relevant securities.
Covenant
Breach Risk. A borrower may fail to satisfy financial or operating covenants
imposed by the Fund or other lenders, which could lead to defaults and, potentially, termination of its loans and foreclosure on its secured
assets, which could trigger cross-defaults under other agreements and jeopardize such company’s ability to meet its obligations
under the debt or equity securities that the Fund holds. The Fund may incur expenses to the extent necessary to seek recovery upon default
or to negotiate new terms, which may include the waiver of certain financial covenants, with a defaulting company.
Prepayment
Risk. During periods of declining interest rates, Borrowers may exercise their
option to prepay principal earlier than scheduled. For Corporate Bonds, such payments often occur during periods of declining interest
rates, which may require the Fund to reinvest in lower yielding securities, resulting in a possible decline in the Fund’s income
and dividends to Shareholders. This is known as prepayment or “call”
risk.
Below investment grade Corporate Bonds frequently have call features that allow the issuer to redeem the security at dates prior to its
stated maturity at a specified price (typically greater than the stated principal amount) only if certain prescribed conditions are met
(“Call Protection”). An issuer may redeem Corporate Bonds if, for example, the issuer can refinance the debt at a lower cost
due to declining interest rates or an improvement in the credit standing of the issuer. Fixed income securities may be purchased at prices
below or above their stated principal amount. For premium Corporate Bonds (Corporate Bonds acquired at prices that exceed their stated
principal amount), prepayment risk may be enhanced given that the Fund would lose the potential value of the yield-to-maturity of the
bonds in the event they are redeemed at the stated principal amount.
Syndicated
Loans and Subordinated Loans are subject to prepayment risk and typically do not have Call Protection. The degree to which Borrowers prepay
Syndicated Loans and Subordinated Loans, whether as a contractual requirement or at their election, may be affected by general business
conditions, the financial condition of the Borrower and competitive conditions among Syndicated Loan and Subordinated Loan investors,
among others. For these reasons, prepayments cannot be predicted with accuracy. Upon a prepayment, either in part or in full, the outstanding
debt from which the Fund derives interest income will be reduced. The Fund may not be able to reinvest the proceeds received on terms
as favorable as the prepaid loan.
Short
Sales Risk. A short sale is a transaction in which the Fund sells an instrument
that it does not own in anticipation that the market price will decline. To deliver the securities to the buyer, the Fund arranges through
a broker to borrow the securities and, in so doing, the Fund becomes obligated to replace the securities borrowed at their market price
at the time of replacement. When selling short, the Fund intends to replace the securities at a lower price and therefore profit from
the difference between the cost to replace the securities and the proceeds received from the sale of the securities. When the Fund makes
a short sale, the proceeds it receives from the sale will be held on behalf of a broker until the Fund replaces the borrowed securities.
The Fund may have to pay a premium to borrow the securities and must pay any dividends or interest payable on the securities until they
are replaced. The Fund’s obligation to replace the securities borrowed in connection with a short sale will be secured by collateral
deposited with the broker that consists of cash and/or liquid securities. Short sales involve certain risks and special considerations.
If the Fund incorrectly predicts that the price of the borrowed security will decline, the Fund will have to replace the securities with
securities with a greater value than the amount received from the sale. As a result, losses from short sales differ from losses that could
be incurred from a purchase of a security because losses from short sales may be unlimited, whereas losses from purchases can equal only
the total amount invested.
No
Control Over Portfolio Companies. The Fund does not expect to control most
of its portfolio companies, although its debt agreements with such portfolio companies may contain certain restrictive covenants. As a
result, the Fund is subject to the risk that a portfolio company in which it invests may make business decisions with which it disagrees
and the management of such company, as representatives of the holders of its common equity, may take risks or otherwise act in ways that
do not serve the Fund’s interests as a debt investor. A portfolio company may make decisions that could decrease the value of the
Fund’s portfolio holdings. The Fund may not be able to dispose of its interests in its portfolio companies as readily as it would
like or at an appropriate valuation, if it invests in non-traded companies. In addition, where the Fund is entitled to occupy a seat on
the board of a portfolio company, such involvement may prevent the Fund from freely disposing of its debt investments and may subject
the Fund to additional liability or result in re-characterization of its debt investments as equity.
Mezzanine
Investments Risk. The Fund may invest in mezzanine debt instruments, which
are expected to be unsecured and made in companies with capital structures having significant indebtedness ranking ahead of the investments,
all or a significant portion of which may be secured. While the investments may benefit from the same or similar financial and other covenants
as those applicable to the indebtedness ranking ahead of the investments and may benefit from cross-default provisions and security over
the company’s assets, some or all of such terms may not be part of particular investments and the mezzanine debt will be subordinated
in recovery to senior classes of debt in the event of a default. Mezzanine investments generally are subject to various risks, including,
without limitation: (i) a subsequent characterization of an investment as a “fraudulent conveyance”; (ii) the recovery
as a “preference” of liens
perfected
or payments made on account of a debt in the 90 days before a bankruptcy filing; (iii) equitable subordination claims by other
creditors; (iv) so-called “lender liability” claims by the issuer of the obligations; and (v) environmental liabilities
that may arise with respect to any collateral securing the obligations.
Convertible
Securities Risk. Convertible securities are bonds, debentures, notes, preferred
stocks or other securities that may be converted into or exchanged for a specified amount of common stock or other equity security of
the same or a different issuer within a particular period of time at a specified price or formula. A convertible security entitles its
holder to receive interest that is generally paid or accrued on debt or a dividend that is paid or accrued on preferred stock until the
convertible security matures or is redeemed, converted or exchanged. Convertible securities have unique investment characteristics in
that they generally: (i) have higher yields than common stocks, but lower yields than comparable non-convertible securities; (ii) are
less subject to fluctuation in value than the underlying common stock due to their fixed-income characteristics; and (iii) provide
the potential for capital appreciation if the market price of the underlying common stock increases.
The
value of a convertible security is a function of its “investment value,” or determined by its yield in comparison with the
yields of other securities of comparable maturity and quality that do not have a conversion privilege, and its “conversion value,”
or the security’s worth, at market value, if converted into the underlying common stock. The investment value of a convertible security
is influenced by changes in interest rates, with investment value declining as interest rates increase and increasing as interest rates
decline. The credit standing of the issuer and other factors also may have an effect on the convertible security’s investment value.
The conversion value of a convertible security is determined by the market price of the underlying common stock. If the conversion value
is low relative to the investment value, the price of the convertible security is governed principally by its investment value. To the
extent the market price of the underlying common stock approaches or exceeds the conversion price, the price of the convertible security
will be increasingly influenced by its conversion value. A convertible security generally will sell at a premium over its conversion value
by the extent to which investors place value on the right to acquire the underlying common stock while holding a fixed-income security.
Generally, the amount of the premium decreases as the convertible security approaches maturity. Although under normal market conditions
longer-term convertible debt securities have greater yields than do shorter-term convertible debt securities of similar quality, they
are subject to greater price fluctuations.
A
convertible security may be subject to redemption at the option of the issuer at a price established in the convertible security’s
governing instrument. If a convertible security held by the Fund is called for redemption, the Fund will be required to permit the issuer
to redeem the security, convert it into the underlying common stock or sell it to a third party. Any of these actions could have an adverse
effect on the Fund’s ability to achieve its investment objective.
Equity
Securities Risk. The value of equity securities, including common stocks, preferred
stocks and convertible stocks, will fluctuate in response to factors affecting the particular company, as well as broader market and economic
conditions. Moreover, in the event of a company’s bankruptcy, claims of certain creditors, including bondholders, will have priority
over claims of holders of common stock and are likely to have varying types of priority over holders of preferred and convertible stock.
Equity
markets may experience significant short-term volatility and may fall sharply at times. Different markets may behave differently from
each other and U.S. equity markets may move in the opposite direction from one or more foreign stock markets. Adverse events in any part
of the equity or fixed-income markets may have unexpected negative effects on other market segments. The prices of individual equity securities
generally do not all move in the same direction at the same time and a variety of factors can affect the price of a particular company’s
securities. These factors may include, but are not limited to, poor earnings reports, a loss of customers, litigation against the company,
general unfavorable performance of the company’s sector or industry, or changes in government regulations affecting the company
or its industry.
Risks
Associated with Investments in Equity Securities Incidental to Investments in Syndicated Loans. Investments
in equity securities incidental to investments in Syndicated Loans or other debt instruments entail certain risks in addition to those
associated with investments in Syndicated Loans or
other
debt instruments. Because equity is merely the residual value of a Borrower after all claims and other interests, it is inherently more
risky than Syndicated Loans or other debt instruments of the same Borrower. The value of the equity securities may be affected more rapidly,
and to a greater extent, by company- and industry-specific developments and general market conditions. These risks may increase fluctuations
in the NAV of the common shares. The Fund frequently may possess material non-public information about a Borrower as a result of its ownership
of a Syndicated Loan or other debt instruments of a Borrower. Because of prohibitions on trading in securities while in possession of
material non-public information, the Fund might be unable to enter into a transaction in a security of the Borrower when it would otherwise
be advantageous to do so.
Dividends. The
Fund may invest in equity securities from time to time. Dividends relating to these equity securities may not be fixed, but may be declared
at the discretion of a portfolio company’s board of directors. There is no guarantee that a company in which the Fund invests will
declare dividends in the future or that, if declared, the dividends will remain at current levels or increase over time.
Derivatives
Risk.
The
Fund’s use of derivative instruments involves investment risks and transaction costs to which the Fund would not be subject absent
the use of these instruments and, accordingly, may result in losses greater than if they had not been used. The use of derivative instruments
may have risks including, among others, leverage risk, market risk, volatility risk, duration mismatch risk, correlation risk, counterparty
risk, market liquidity risk, fund liquidity risk and legal and operational risk.
Swap
Agreements Risk. The
Fund may enter into swap agreements, including interest rate and index swap agreements, for hedging purposes, as a form of leverage or
to seek to obtain a particular desired return at a lower cost to the Fund than if the Fund had invested directly in an instrument yielding
the desired return. Swap agreements are often two party contracts entered into primarily by institutional investors for periods ranging
from a few weeks to more than one year. In a typical “swap” transaction, two parties agree to exchange the returns (or differentials
in rates of return) earned or realized on particular predetermined investments or instruments. Some swaps may be subject to central clearing
and exchange trading. Whether the Fund’s use of swap agreements will be successful in furthering its investment objective will depend
on the Advisors’ ability to correctly predict whether certain types of investments are likely to produce greater returns than other
investments. Because they are two party contracts and because they may have terms of greater than seven days, some swap agreements may
be considered by the Fund to be illiquid. Moreover, the Fund bears the risk of loss of the amount expected to be received under a swap
agreement in the event of the default or bankruptcy of a bi-lateral swap agreement counterparty. The Fund may seek to reduce this risk
to some extent by entering into a transaction only if the counterparty meets the Advisors’ current credit standards for OTC option
counterparties. In the case of a cleared swap, the Fund bears the risk that the clearinghouse may default. Swap agreements also bear the
risk that the Fund will not be able to meet its payment obligations to the counterparty. Restrictions imposed by the tax rules applicable
to RICs may limit the Fund’s ability to use swap agreements. It is possible that developments in the swap market, including further
government regulation, could adversely affect the Fund’s ability to enter into or terminate swap agreements or to realize amounts
to be received under these agreements. Swap transactions may involve substantial leverage.
The
Fund may enter into credit default swap agreements and similar agreements, and may also buy credit-linked securities. Credit default swaps
are often structured with significant leverage and may be considered speculative. The credit default swap agreement or similar instrument
may have as reference obligations one or more securities that are not currently held by the Fund. The protection “buyer” in
a credit default contract may be obligated to pay the protection “seller” an upfront payment or a periodic stream of payments
over the term of the contract provided generally that no credit event on a reference obligation has occurred. If a credit event occurs,
the seller generally must pay the buyer the “par value” (full notional value) of the swap in exchange for an equal
face amount of deliverable obligations of the reference entity described in the swap, or the seller may be required to deliver the related
net cash amount, if the swap is cash settled. The Fund may be either the buyer or seller in the transaction. If the Fund is a buyer and
no credit event occurs, the Fund recovers nothing if the swap is held through its termination date. However, if a credit event occurs,
the Fund may elect to receive the full notional value of the swap in exchange for an
equal
face amount of deliverable obligations of the reference entity that may have little or no value. As a seller, the Fund generally receives
an upfront payment or a fixed rate of income throughout the term of the swap, which typically is between six months and three years,
provided that there is no credit event. If a credit event occurs, generally the seller must pay the buyer the full notional value of the
swap in exchange for an equal face amount of deliverable obligations of the reference entity that may have little or no value.
Swaptions
Risk. The Fund, to the extent permitted under applicable law, may enter into
“swaptions”, which are options on swap agreements on either an asset-based or liability-based basis. A swaption is a contract
that gives a counterparty the right (but not the obligation) to enter into a new swap agreement or to shorten, extend, cancel or otherwise
modify an existing swap agreement, at some designated future time on specified terms. The Fund may write (sell) and purchase put and call
swaptions. Depending on the terms of the particular option agreement, the Fund generally will incur a greater degree of risk when it writes
a swaption than it will incur when it purchases a swaption. When the Fund purchases a swaption, it risks losing only the amount of the
premium it has paid should it decide to let the option expire unexercised. When the Fund writes a swaption, upon exercise of the option,
the Fund will become obligated according to the terms of the underlying agreement.
Credit-Linked
Securities Risk. Among the income producing securities in which the Fund may
invest are credit-linked securities, which generally are issued by a limited purpose trust or other vehicle that, in turn, invests in
a Derivative instrument or basket of Derivative instruments, such as credit default swaps, interest rate swaps and other securities, in
order to provide exposure to certain fixed income markets. For instance, the Fund may invest in credit-linked securities as a cash management
tool in order to gain exposure to a certain market and/or to remain fully invested when more traditional income producing securities are
not available.
Like
an investment in a bond, investments in credit-linked securities generally represent the right to receive periodic income payments (in
the form of dividends) and payment of principal at the end of the term of the security. However, these payments are conditioned on the
issuer’s receipt of payments from, and the issuer’s potential obligations to, the counterparties to the Derivative instruments
and other securities in which the issuer invests. For instance, the issuer may sell one or more credit default swaps, under which the
issuer would receive a stream of payments over the term of the swap agreements provided that no event of default has occurred with respect
to the referenced debt obligation upon which the swap is based. If a default occurs, the stream of payments may stop and the issuer would
be obligated to pay the counterparty the par (or other agreed upon value) of the referenced debt obligation. This, in turn, would reduce
the amount of income and principal that the Fund would receive as an investor in the issuer. The Fund’s investments in these instruments
are indirectly subject to the risks associated with Derivatives, including, among others, credit risk and leverage risk. There may be
no established trading market for these securities and they may constitute illiquid investments.
Structured
Products Risk.
General. The
Fund may invest in structured products, including, without limitation, investment grade rated CLO Debt Securities and structured notes.
Holders of structured products bear risks of the underlying investments, index or reference obligation and are subject to counterparty
risk.
The
Fund may have the right to receive payments only from the structured product, and generally does not have direct rights against the issuer
or the entity that sold the assets to be securitized. While certain structured products enable the investor to acquire interests in a
pool of securities without the brokerage and other expenses associated with directly holding the same assets, investors in structured
products generally pay their share of the structured product’s administrative and other expenses. Although it is difficult to predict
whether the prices of indices and securities underlying structured products will rise or fall, these prices (and, therefore, the prices
of structured products) will be influenced by the same types of political and economic events that affect issuers of securities and capital
markets generally. If the issuer of a structured product uses shorter-term financing to purchase longer term securities, the issuer may
be forced to sell its securities at below market prices if it experiences difficulty in obtaining short-term financing, which may adversely
affect the value of the structured products owned by the Fund.
Investments
in structured products involve risks, including credit risk and market risk. Certain structured products may be thinly traded or have
a limited trading market. Where the Fund’s investments in
structured
products are based upon the movement of one or more factors, including currency exchange rates, interest rates, reference bonds and share
indices, depending on the factor used and the use of multipliers or deflators, changes in interest rates and movement of the factor may
cause significant price fluctuations. Additionally, changes in the reference instrument or security may cause the interest rate on the
structured product to be reduced to zero, and any further changes in the reference instrument may then reduce the principal amount payable
on maturity. Structured products may be less liquid than other types of securities and more volatile than the reference instrument or
security underlying the product.
The
Fund may invest in structured products collateralized by below investment grade or distressed loans or securities. Investments in such
structured products are subject to the risks associated with below investment grade securities. Such securities are characterized by high
risk. It is likely that an economic recession could severely disrupt the market for such securities and may have an adverse impact on
the value of such securities.
Collateralized
Debt Obligations. Cash flows in a CDO are split into two or more tranches,
with differing payment characteristics, credit ratings, risks, and yield. The rated tranches of CDO debt securities are generally assigned
credit ratings by one or more NRSROs. Residual tranches are the most junior and are not rated. The Fund will not invest in residual tranches
and will invest only in rated tranches of CDO debt securities. CDO debt securities are limited recourse and may not be paid in full and
may be subject to up to a 100% loss. The riskiest portion is the “equity” tranche, which bears the first loss from defaults
from the underlying pool of bonds and serves to protect the other, more senior tranches from default (though such protection is not complete).
Since it is partially protected from defaults, a senior tranche from a CDO typically has higher ratings and lower yields than its underlying
securities, and may be rated investment grade. Despite the protection from the equity tranche, CDO tranches can experience substantial
losses due to actual defaults, downgrades of the underlying collateral by rating agencies, forced liquidation of the collateral pool due
to a failure of coverage tests, increased sensitivity to defaults due to collateral default and disappearance of protecting tranches,
market anticipation of defaults as well as investor aversion to CDO securities as a class. CDOs carry additional risks including, but
not limited to: (i) the possibility that distributions from collateral securities may not be adequate to make interest or other payments;
(ii) the risk that the collateral may default or decline in value or be downgraded, if rated by an NRSRO; (iii) the Fund is
likely to invest in tranches of CDOs that are subordinate to other tranches; (iv) the structure and complexity of the transaction
and the legal documents could lead to disputes among investors regarding the characterization of proceeds; (v) the investment return
achieved by the Fund could be significantly different than those predicted by financial models; (vi) the lack of a readily available
secondary market for CDOs; (vii) the risk of forced “fire sale” liquidations due to technical defaults such as coverage
test failures; and (viii) the CDO’s manager may perform poorly.
Risk
of Leveraged Loan Market Price Decline. Prior to the onset of the financial
crisis, CLOs holding corporate loans, hedge funds and other highly leveraged investment vehicles comprised a substantial portion of the
market for purchasing and holding first and second lien secured loans. As the secondary market pricing of the loans underlying these portfolios
deteriorated during the fourth quarter of 2008, it is the Fund’s understanding that many investors, as a result of their generally
high degrees of leverage, were forced to raise cash by selling their interests in performing loans to satisfy margin requirements or the
equivalent of margin requirements imposed by their lenders. This resulted in a forced deleveraging cycle of price declines, compulsory
sales and further price declines, with widespread redemption requests and other constraints resulting from the credit crisis generating
further selling pressure.
Conditions
in the leveraged loan market may experience similar disruption or deterioration, which may cause pricing levels to similarly decline or
be volatile. As a result, the Fund may suffer unrealized depreciation and could incur realized losses in connection with the sale of the
Fund’s syndicated loans, which could have a material adverse impact on the Fund’s business, financial condition and results
of operations.
When-Issued
Securities and Forward Commitments. Securities may be purchased on a “forward
commitment” or “when-issued” basis, meaning securities are purchased or sold with payment and delivery taking place
in the future, to secure what is considered to be an advantageous price and yield at the time of entering into the transaction. However,
the return on a comparable security when the transaction is
consummated
may vary from the return on the security at the time that the forward commitment or when-issued transaction was made. From the time of
entering into the transaction until delivery and payment is made at a later date, the securities that are the subject of the transaction
are subject to market fluctuations. In forward commitment or when-issued transactions, if the seller or buyer, as the case may be, fails
to consummate the transaction, the counterparty may miss the opportunity of obtaining a price or yield considered to be advantageous.
Forward commitment or when-issued transactions may occur a month or more before delivery is due. However, no payment or delivery is made
until payment is received or delivery is made from the other party to the transaction.
Repurchase
Agreements and Reverse Repurchase Agreements Risk. Repurchase agreements carry
certain risks not associated with direct investments in securities, including a possible decline in the market value of the underlying
obligations. If their value becomes less than the repurchase price, plus any agreed-upon additional amount, the counterparty must provide
additional collateral so that at all times the collateral is at least equal to the repurchase price plus any agreed-upon additional amount.
The difference between the total amount to be received upon repurchase of the obligations and the price that was paid by the Fund upon
acquisition is accrued as interest and included in its net investment income.
Repurchase
agreements involving obligations other than U.S. Government securities (such as commercial paper and Corporate Bonds) may be subject to
special risks and may not have the benefit of certain protections in the event of the counterparty’s insolvency. In the event of
the bankruptcy or other default of a seller of a repurchase agreement, the Fund could experience both delays in liquidating the underlying
securities and losses, including (i) possible decline in the value of the underlying security during the period in which the Fund
seeks to enforce its rights thereto; (ii) possible lack of access to income on the underlying security during this period; and (iii) expenses
of enforcing its rights.
Reverse
repurchase agreements involve the risk that the buyer of the securities sold by the Fund might be unable to deliver them when the Fund
seeks to repurchase. In the event that the buyer of securities under a reverse repurchase agreement files for bankruptcy or becomes insolvent,
the buyer, trustee or receiver may receive an extension of time to determine whether to enforce the Fund’s obligation to repurchase
the securities, and the Fund’s use of the proceeds of the reverse repurchase agreement may effectively be restricted pending such
decision.
U.S.
Government Debt Securities Risk. U.S. Government debt securities historically
have not involved the credit risks associated with investments in other types of debt securities, although, as a result, the yields available
from U.S. Government debt securities are generally lower than the yields available from other securities. Like other debt securities,
however, the values of U.S. Government securities change as interest rates fluctuate and in 2011 the credit rating of the United States
was downgraded. Fluctuations in the value of portfolio securities will not affect interest income on existing portfolio securities but
will be reflected in the Fund’s NAV. Because the magnitude of these fluctuations will generally be greater at times when the Fund’s
average maturity is longer, under certain market conditions, the Fund may, for temporary defensive purposes, accept lower current income
from short-term investments rather than investing in higher yielding long-term securities.
Counterparty
Risk. The Fund’s investments may be exposed to the credit risk of the
counterparties with which, or the dealers, brokers and exchanges through which, the Fund deals, whether in exchange-traded or OTC transactions.
The Fund may be subject to the risk of loss of Fund assets on deposit or being settled or cleared with a broker in the event of the broker’s
bankruptcy, the bankruptcy of any clearing broker through which the broker executes and clears transactions on behalf of the Fund, the
bankruptcy of an exchange clearing house or the bankruptcy of any other counterparty. In the case of any such bankruptcy, it is expected
that all securities and other assets deposited with such broker or dealer will be clearly identified as being assets of the Fund and the
Fund should not be exposed to a credit risk with regard to such parties. However, it may not always be possible to achieve this and the
Fund might recover, even in respect of property specifically traceable to the Fund, only a pro rata
share of all property available for distribution to all of the counterparty’s customers and counterparties. Such an amount may be
less than the amounts owed to the Fund. Such events would have an adverse effect on the Fund’s NAV.
Liquidity
Risk. The Fund generally considers “illiquid securities” to be
securities or loans that cannot be sold within seven days in the ordinary course of business at approximately the value used by the Fund
in determining its NAV. The Fund may not be able to readily dispose of such securities or loans at prices that
approximate
those at which the Fund could sell the securities or loans if they were more widely traded and, as a result of that illiquidity, the Fund
may have to sell other investments or engage in borrowing transactions if necessary to raise cash to meet its obligations. Limited liquidity
can also affect the market price of securities, thereby adversely affecting the Fund’s NAV and ability to make dividend distributions.
Some
Syndicated Loans are not readily marketable and may be subject to restrictions on resale. Syndicated Loans generally are not listed on
any national securities exchange and no active trading market may exist for the Syndicated Loans in which the Fund may invest. When a
secondary market exists, if at all, the market for some Syndicated Loans may be subject to irregular trading activity, wide bid/ask spreads
and extended trade settlement periods. The Fund has no limitation on the amount of its assets that may be invested in securities that
are not readily marketable or are subject to restrictions on resale.
Valuation
Risk. Where possible, the Advisor utilizes independent pricing services to
value certain portfolio instruments at their market value. If the pricing services are unable to provide a market value or if a significant
event occurs such that the valuation(s) provided are deemed unreliable, the Advisor may value portfolio instrument(s) at their fair value,
which is generally the amount an owner might reasonably expect to receive upon a current sale. Valuation risks associated with investing
in Syndicated Loans including, but not limited to: a limited number of market participants compared to publicly traded investment grade
securities, a lack of publicly available information about some borrowers, resale restrictions, settlement delays, corporate actions and
adverse market conditions may make it difficult to value or sell such instruments.
A
large percentage of the Fund’s portfolio investments are not publicly traded. The fair value of investments that are not publicly
traded may not be readily determinable. The Advisor values these investments at fair value as determined in good faith. The types of factors
that may be considered in valuing the Fund’s investments include the enterprise value of the portfolio company (the entire value
of the portfolio company to a market participant, including the sum of the values of debt and equity securities used to capitalize the
enterprise at a point in time), the nature and realizable value of any collateral, the portfolio company’s ability to make payments
and its earnings and discounted cash flows, the markets in which the portfolio company does business, a comparison of the portfolio company’s
securities to similar publicly traded securities, changes in the interest rate environment and the credit markets generally that may affect
the price at which similar investments would trade in their principal markets and other relevant factors. When an external event such
as a purchase transaction, public offering or subsequent equity sale occurs, the Advisor considers the pricing indicated by the external
event to corroborate the Advisor’s valuation. Because such valuations, and particularly valuations of private investments and private
companies, are inherently uncertain, may fluctuate over short periods of time and may be based on estimates, the Advisor’s determinations
of fair value may differ materially from the values that would have been used if a ready market for these investments existed and may
differ materially from the values that the Fund may ultimately realize. The Fund’s NAV per share could be adversely affected if
the Advisor’s determinations regarding the fair value of these investments are higher than the values that the Fund realizes upon
disposition of such investments.
Leverage
Risk. The Fund intends to utilize leverage and may utilize leverage to the
maximum extent permitted by law for investment and other general corporate purposes. The Fund may obtain leverage by issuing preferred
shares and/or notes and it may also borrow funds from banks and other financial institutions. The Fund may also gain leverage synthetically
through swaps and other Derivatives. The use of leverage to purchase additional securities creates an opportunity for increased Share
dividends, but also creates risks for the Fund’s Shareholders, including increased variability of the Fund’s net income, distributions,
NAV of its Shares in relation to market changes. Leverage is a speculative technique that exposes the Fund to greater risk and increased
costs than if it were not implemented. Increases and decreases in the value of the Fund’s portfolio will be magnified if the Fund
uses leverage. In particular, leverage may magnify interest rate risk, which is the risk that the prices of portfolio securities will
fall (or rise) if market interest rates for those types of securities rise (or fall). As a result, leverage may cause greater changes
in the Fund’s NAV, which will be borne entirely by the Fund’s Shareholders, and in the price at which its Shares trade in
the secondary market. To the extent that the Fund makes investments in Syndicated Loans or other debt instruments structured with floors
based on LIBOR, SOFR, or another reference rate, the Fund will not realize additional income if rates increase during periods when LIBOR,
SOFR,
or another reference rate remains below the applicable floor but the Fund’s cost of financing is expected to increase, resulting
in the potential for a decrease in the level of income available for dividends or distributions made by the Fund. If the Fund issues preferred
shares, such as the MRP Shares, and/or notes or engages in other borrowings, it will have to pay dividends on its preferred shares or
interest on its notes or borrowings, which will increase expenses and may reduce the Fund’s return. These dividend payments or interest
expenses (which will be borne entirely by Shareholders) may be greater than the Fund’s return on the underlying investments. The
Fund’s leveraging strategy, if utilized, may not be successful.
The
Fund may issue preferred shares and/or notes or other forms of indebtedness as a form of leverage. These means of obtaining leverage would
be senior to the Fund’s Shares, such that holders of preferred shares and/or notes or other Fund indebtedness would have priority
over the Shareholders in the distribution of the Fund’s assets, including dividends, distributions of principal and liquidating
distributions. If preferred shares are issued and outstanding, holders of preferred shares would vote together with the holders of Shares
on all matters, including the election of trustees. Additionally, holders of preferred shares would have the right separately to elect
two trustees of the Fund, voting separately as a class, and would vote separately as a class on certain matters which may at times give
holders of preferred shares disproportionate influence over the Fund’s affairs. If the preferred shares were limited in their term,
redemptions of such preferred shares would require the Fund to liquidate its investments and would reduce the Fund’s use of leverage,
which could negatively impact Shareholders. Because the Fund has issued Preferred Shares and has issued other forms of indebtedness, its
ability to make distributions to its Shareholders is limited by the asset coverage requirements and other limitations imposed by the 1940
Act and the terms of the Fund’s indebtedness.
As
a closed-end management investment company, the Fund is permitted, under specified conditions, to issue senior securities that are stock
if the Fund’s asset coverage, as defined in the 1940 Act, is at least equal to 200% immediately after issuance. As defined in the
1940 Act, asset coverage of 200% means that for every $100 of net assets the Fund holds, the Fund may raise $100 from issuing senior securities.
Under the 1940 Act, the preferred stock the Fund issues, including the MRP Shares, will constitute a “senior security” for
purposes of the 200% asset coverage test. In addition, while any senior securities remain outstanding, the Fund will be required to make
provisions to prohibit any dividend distribution to the Fund’s shareholders or the repurchase of such securities or shares unless
the Fund meets the applicable asset coverage ratios at the time of the distribution or repurchase after giving effect to the distribution
or repurchase. The Fund is also permitted to borrow amounts up to 5% of the value of the Fund’s total assets for temporary purposes
without regard to asset coverage, which borrowings would not be considered senior securities, provided that any such borrowings in excess
of 5% of the value of the Fund’s total assets would be subject to the asset coverage ratio requirements of the 1940 Act, even if
for temporary purposes.
Under
the 1940 Act, the Fund is permitted to incur greater effective leverage through the use of preferred stock than through the use of debt.
As a result of the Fund’s issuance of the MRP Shares, the risk of the Fund incurring additional losses from its use of leverage
is further heightened. The Fund may also choose to add leverage through the issuance of additional Preferred Shares.
The
Fund will pay (and Shareholders will bear) all costs and expenses relating to the issuance and ongoing maintenance of any preferred shares
and/or notes or other forms of indebtedness issued by the Fund, including higher advisory fees. As a result, the Fund cannot assure you
that the issuance of preferred shares and/or notes or other forms of indebtedness will provide a higher yield or return to the holders
of the Fund’s Shares. If the Fund offers and/or issues preferred shares and/or notes or other forms of indebtedness, the costs of
the offering will be borne immediately by the Fund’s Shareholders and result in a reduction of the NAV of the Fund’s Shares.
The
Fund anticipates that any money borrowed from a bank or other financial institution for investment purposes will accrue interest based
on shorter-term interest rates that would be periodically reset. So long as the Fund’s portfolio provides a higher rate of return,
net of expenses, than the interest rate on borrowed money, as reset periodically, the leverage may cause Shareholders to receive a higher
current rate of return than if the Fund were not leveraged. If, however, long-term and/or short-term rates rise, the interest rate on
borrowed money could exceed the rate of return on securities held by the Fund, reducing returns to Shareholders. Developments in the credit
markets may adversely affect the ability of the Fund to borrow for investment purposes and may increase the costs of such borrowings,
which would reduce returns to Shareholders.
There
is no assurance that a leveraging strategy will be successful. Leverage involves risks and special considerations for Shareholders, including:
•
the
likelihood of greater volatility of NAV and dividend rate of Shares than a comparable portfolio without leverage;
•
the
risk that fluctuations in interest rates on borrowings or in dividend payments on, principal proceeds distributed to, or redemption of
any preferred shares and/or notes or other forms of indebtedness that the Fund has issued will reduce the return to the Shareholders;
•
the
effect of leverage in a declining market, which is likely to cause a greater decline in the NAV of the Fund’s Shares than if the
Fund were not leveraged;
•
when
the Fund uses financial leverage, the investment advisory fees payable to the Advisors will be higher than if the Fund did not use leverage,
and may provide a financial incentive to the Advisors to increase the Fund’s use of leverage and create an inherent conflict of
interest; and
•
leverage
may increase expenses (which will be borne entirely by Shareholders), which may reduce total return.
If
the Fund issues preferred shares and/or notes or other forms of indebtedness, the Fund may be subject to certain restrictions on investments
imposed by the guidelines of one or more rating agencies, which may issue ratings for the preferred shares and/or notes or short-term
debt securities issued by the Fund, or may be subject to covenants or other restrictions imposed by its lenders. These guidelines may
impose asset coverage or portfolio composition requirements that are more stringent than those imposed by the 1940 Act. Certain types
of borrowings by the Fund may result in the Fund being subject to covenants relating to asset coverage and portfolio composition requirements.
These covenants and restrictions may negatively affect the Fund’s ability to achieve its investment objective. The Fund is subject
to certain requirements described above in connection with its issuance of the MRP Shares.
Effects
of Leverage. The table below assumes that the Fund’s continued use of
Preferred Shares represents approximately 11.48% of the Fund’s Managed Assets, borrowings represent approximately 18.87% of the
Fund’s Managed Assets as of March 31, 2023 and the Fund bears expenses relating to such Preferred Shares and borrowings at
annual effective stated interest rates of 2.98% and 6.16%,
respectively (based on dividend rates for such Preferred Shares and interest rates for such borrowings as of a recent date). The table
below also assumes that the annual return that the Fund’s portfolio must experience (net of expenses not related to Preferred Shares
or borrowings) in order to cover the costs of such leverage would be approximately 1.42%. These figures are estimates based on current
market conditions, used for illustration purposes only. Actual expenses associated with Preferred Shares and borrowings used by the Fund
may vary frequently and may be significantly higher or lower than the rate used for the example above.
The
following table is designed to illustrate the effects of the Fund’s leverage due to senior securities on corresponding Share total
return, assuming investment portfolio total returns (consisting of income and changes in the value of investments held in the Fund’s
portfolio) of -10%, -5%, 0%, 5% and 10%.
These assumed investment portfolio returns are hypothetical figures and are not necessarily indicative of the investment portfolio returns
expected to be experienced by the Fund. Your actual returns may be greater or less than those appearing below.
|
Assumed
Return on Portfolio |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
(Net
of Expenses not related to Preferred Shares or borrowings) |
|
|
|
|
(10.00)% |
|
|
|
|
|
(5.00)% |
|
|
|
|
|
0.00% |
|
|
|
|
|
5.00% |
|
|
|
|
|
10.00% |
|
|
|
Corresponding
Share Total Return |
|
|
|
|
(17.24)% |
|
|
|
|
|
(9.69)% |
|
|
|
|
|
(2.14)% |
|
|
|
|
|
5.40% |
|
|
|
|
|
12.95% |
|
|
Corresponding
Share total return is composed of two elements — the Share dividends paid by the Fund (the amount of which is largely
determined by the net investment income of the Fund after paying dividends on Preferred Shares and interest expenses on the Fund’s
borrowings) and gains or losses on the value of the securities the Fund owns.
Warrants
Risk. Warrants give holders the right, but not the obligation, to buy common
stock of an issuer at a given price, usually higher than the market price at the time of issuance, during a specified period. The risk
of investing in a warrant is that the warrant may expire prior to the market value of the common stock exceeding the price fixed by the
warrant. Warrants have a subordinate claim on a borrower’s assets compared with Syndicated Loans. As a result, the values of warrants
generally are dependent on the financial condition of the borrower and less dependent on fluctuations in interest rates than are the values
of many debt securities. The values of warrants may be more volatile than those of Syndicated Loans or Corporate Bonds and this may increase
the volatility of the NAV of the common shares.
Contingent
Liabilities. From time to time the Fund may incur contingent liabilities in
connection with an investment. For example, the Fund may purchase a revolving credit facility from a lender that has not yet been fully
drawn. If the borrower subsequently draws down on the facility, the Fund would be obligated to fund the amounts due. The Fund may also
enter into agreements pursuant to which it agrees to assume responsibility for default risk presented by a third party, and may, on the
other hand, enter into agreements through which third parties offer default protection to the Fund.
Cost
of Capital and Net Investment Income Risk. If the Fund uses debt to finance
investments, its net investment income may depend, in part, upon the difference between the rate at which it borrows funds and the rate
at which it invests those funds. As a result, the Fund can offer no assurance that a significant change in market interest rates will
not have a material adverse effect on the Fund’s net investment income. In periods of rising interest rates when it has debt outstanding,
the Fund’s cost of funds will increase, which could reduce the Fund’s net investment income. The Fund may use interest rate
risk management techniques in an effort to limit its exposure to interest rate fluctuations. These techniques may include various interest
rate hedging activities to the extent permitted by the 1940 Act. These activities may limit its ability to participate in the benefits
of lower interest rates with respect to the hedged portfolio. Adverse developments resulting from changes in interest rates or hedging
transactions could have a material adverse effect on the Fund’s business, financial condition and results of operations.
A
rise in the general level of interest rates can be expected to lead to higher interest rates applicable to the Fund’s debt investments,
particularly to the extent that it holds floating rate debt securities. Accordingly, an increase in interest rates would make it easier
for the Fund to meet or exceed the Incentive Fee hurdle rate and may result in a substantial increase to the amount of Incentive Fees
payable to the Advisors with respect to pre-incentive fee net investment income. See “Management and Incentive Fees.”
Distressed
Investments, Litigation, Bankruptcy and Other Proceedings Risk. Investments
in distressed securities involve a material risk of involving the Fund in a related litigation. Such litigation can be time consuming
and expensive, and can frequently lead to unpredicted delays or losses. Litigation expenses, including payments pursuant to settlements
or judgments, generally will be borne by the Fund.
There
are a number of significant risks when investing in companies involved in bankruptcy or other reorganization proceedings, and many events
in a bankruptcy are the product of contested matters and adversary proceedings which are beyond the control of the creditors. A bankruptcy
filing may have adverse and permanent effects on a company. Further, if the proceeding is converted to a liquidation, the liquidation
value of the company may not equal the liquidation value that was believed to exist at the time of the investment. In addition, the duration
of a bankruptcy or other reorganization proceeding is difficult to predict. A creditor’s return on investment can be impacted adversely
by delays while a plan of reorganization is being negotiated, approved by the creditors and, if applicable, confirmed by the bankruptcy
court, and until it ultimately becomes effective. In bankruptcy, certain claims, such as claims for taxes, wages and certain trade claims,
may have priority by law over the claims of certain creditors and administrative costs in connection with a bankruptcy proceeding are
frequently high and will be paid out of the debtor’s estate prior to any return to creditors.
Certain
fixed-income securities invested in by the Fund could be subject to U.S. federal, state or non-U.S. bankruptcy laws or fraudulent transfer
or conveyance laws, if such securities were issued with the intent of hindering, delaying or defrauding creditors or, in certain circumstances,
if the issuer receives less than reasonably equivalent value or fair consideration in return for issuing such securities. If a court were
to find that the issuance of the securities was a fraudulent transfer or conveyance, the court could void the payment obligations under
the securities, further subordinate the securities to other existing and future
indebtedness
of the issuer or require the Fund to repay any amounts received by it with respect to the securities. In the event of a finding that a
fraudulent transfer or conveyance occurred, the Fund may not receive any payment on the securities. If the Fund or the Advisors is found
to have interfered with the affairs of a company in which the Fund holds a debt investment, to the detriment of other creditors or common
shareholders of such company, the Fund may be held liable for damages to injured parties or a bankruptcy court. While the Fund will attempt
to avoid taking the types of action that would lead to such liability, there can be no assurance that such claims will not be asserted
or that the Fund will be able to successfully defend against them. Moreover, such debt may be disallowed or subordinated to the claims
of other creditors or treated as equity.
Insofar
as the Fund’s portfolio includes obligations of non-United States obligors, the laws of certain foreign jurisdictions may provide
for avoidance remedies under factual circumstances similar to those described above or under different circumstances, with consequences
that may or may not be analogous to those described above under U.S. federal or state laws. Changes in bankruptcy laws (including U.S.
federal and state laws and applicable non-United States laws) may adversely impact the Fund’s securities.
Lender
Liability Risk. A number of U.S. judicial decisions have upheld judgments of
borrowers against lending institutions on the basis of various evolving legal theories, collectively termed “lender liability”.
Generally, lender liability is founded on the premise that a lender has violated a duty (whether implied or contractual) of good faith,
commercial reasonableness and fair dealing, or a similar duty owed to the Borrower or has assumed an excessive degree of control over
the Borrower resulting in the creation of a fiduciary duty owed to the Borrower or its other creditors or shareholders. Because of the
nature of its investments, the Fund may be subject to allegations of lender liability.
In
addition, under common law principles that in some cases form the basis for lender liability claims, if a lender or bondholder (i) intentionally
takes an action that results in the undercapitalization of a Borrower to the detriment of other creditors of such Borrower; (ii) engages
in inequitable conduct to the detriment of the other creditors; (iii) engages in fraud with respect to, or makes misrepresentations
to, the other creditors; or (iv) uses its influence as a shareholder to dominate or control a Borrower to the detriment of other
creditors of the Borrower, a court may elect to subordinate the claim of the offending lender or bondholder to the claims of the disadvantaged
creditor or creditors, a remedy called “equitable subordination”.
Because
affiliates of, or persons related to, the Advisors may hold equity or other interests in obligors of the Fund, the Fund could be exposed
to claims for equitable subordination or lender liability or both based on such equity or other holdings.
Sourcing
of Suitable Assets Risk. No assurance can be given the Advisors will be able
to find enough appropriate investments that meet the Fund’s investment criteria.
Reinvestment
Risk. The Fund may reinvest the cash flows received from a security. There
is a risk that the interest rate at which interim cash flows can be reinvested will fall. Reinvestment risk is greater for longer holding
periods and for securities with large, early cash flows such as high-coupon bonds. Reinvestment risk also applies generally to the reinvestment
of the proceeds the Fund receives upon the maturity or sale of an investment in a portfolio company.
Small-Cap
and Mid-Cap Risk. The Fund may invest from time to time in smaller and midsize
companies and the securities of such portfolio companies tend to be more volatile and less liquid than those of larger companies. The
markets for these securities are also less liquid than those for larger companies. This can adversely affect the prices at which the Fund
can purchase and sell these securities, and thus the value of the Shares.
Privately
Held Middle-Market Company Risk. The Fund’s direct lending investments
primarily represent investments in privately held U.S. middle market companies. Investments in privately held middle-market companies
involve a number of significant risks, including the following:
•
these
companies may have limited financial resources and may be unable to meet their obligations, which may be accompanied by a deterioration
in the value of any collateral and a reduction in the likelihood of the Fund realizing any guarantees it may have obtained in connection
with its investment;
•
they
typically have shorter operating histories, narrower product lines and smaller market shares than larger businesses, which tend to render
them more vulnerable to competitors’ actions and market conditions, as well as general economic downturns;
•
they
typically depend on the management talents and efforts of a small group of persons; therefore, the death, disability, resignation or termination
of one or more of these persons could have a material adverse effect on the Fund’s portfolio company and, in turn, on us;
•
there
is generally little public information about these companies. These companies and their financial information are not subject to the Exchange
Act and other regulations that govern public companies, and the Fund may be unable to uncover all material information about these companies,
which may prevent the Fund from making a fully informed investment decision and cause us to lose money on the Fund’s investments;
•
they
generally have less predictable operating results and may require substantial additional capital to support their operations, finance
expansion or maintain their competitive position;
•
the
Fund’s executive officers, trustees and the Advisors may, in the ordinary course of business, be named as defendants in litigation
arising from the Fund’s investments in the Fund’s portfolio companies;
•
changes
in laws and regulations, as well as their interpretations, may adversely affect their business, financial structure or prospects; and
•
they
may have difficulty accessing the capital markets to meet future capital needs.
Fraud
Risk. A major concern when investing in loans and other debt securities is
the possibility of a material misrepresentation or omission on the part of the borrower. Such inaccuracy or incompleteness may adversely
affect the valuation of the collateral underlying the loans or may adversely affect the ability of the Fund to perfect or effectuate a
lien on the collateral securing the loan. The Fund relies upon the accuracy and completeness of representations made by borrowers to the
extent reasonable when it makes its investments, but cannot guarantee such accuracy or completeness. Under certain circumstances, payments
to the Fund may be reclaimed if any such payment or distribution is later determined to have been a fraudulent conveyance or a preferential
payment.
Risks
Relating to the Fund’s Investment Program
Market
and Economic Risks. The Fund and its portfolio companies may be materially
affected by market, economic and political conditions globally and in the jurisdictions and sectors in which they invest or operate, including
factors affecting interest rates, the availability of credit, currency exchange rates and trade barriers. These factors are outside the
Fund’s control and could adversely affect the liquidity and value of its investments, and may reduce the ability of the Fund to
make attractive new investments.
Trends
and historical events do not imply, forecast or predict future events and past performance is not necessarily indicative of future results.
There can be no assurance that the assumptions made or the beliefs and expectations currently held by the Advisors or their affiliates
will prove correct, and actual events and circumstances may vary significantly.
The
Fund may be subject to risk arising from a default by one of several large institutions that are dependent on one another to meet their
liquidity or operational needs, so that a default by one institution may cause a series of defaults by the other institutions. This is
sometimes referred to as “systemic risk” and may adversely affect Financial Intermediaries, such as clearing agencies, clearing
houses, banks, securities firms and exchanges, with which the Fund interacts on a daily basis.
Instability
in the credit markets has made it more difficult at certain times for a number of issuers of debt instruments to obtain financing or refinancing
for their investment or lending activities or operations. In particular, because of volatile conditions in the credit markets, issuers
of debt instruments may be subject to increased cost for debt, tightening underwriting standards and reduced liquidity for loans they
make, securities they purchase and securities they issue. Certain Borrowers may, due to macroeconomic conditions, be unable to repay their
Syndicated Loans or other debt obligations because of these conditions. A Borrower’s failure to satisfy financial or operating covenants
imposed by lenders could lead to defaults
and,
potentially, termination of the Syndicated Loans and foreclosure on the underlying secured assets, which could trigger cross-defaults
under other agreements and jeopardize a Borrower’s ability to meet its obligations under its debt instruments. The Fund may incur
expenses to the extent necessary to seek recovery upon default or to negotiate new terms with a defaulting Borrower. The Fund may also
experience a loss of principal.
These
developments also (i) may make it more difficult for the Fund to accurately value its portfolio securities or to sell its portfolio
securities on a timely basis; (ii) could adversely affect the ability of the Fund to use leverage for investment purposes and increase
the cost of such leverage, which would reduce returns to the Shareholders; and (iii) may adversely affect the broader economy, which
in turn may adversely affect the ability of issuers of securities owned by the Fund to make payments of principal and interest when due,
lead to lower credit ratings of the issuer and increased defaults by the issuer. Such developments could, in turn, reduce the value of
securities owned by the Fund and adversely affect the NAV of the Shares.
Non-U.S.
Securities Risk. The Fund may invest in securities, including direct loans,
Syndicated Loans and Subordinated Loans, of non-U.S. issuers or Borrowers. These investments involve certain risks not involved in domestic
investments and may experience more rapid and extreme changes in value than investments in securities of U.S. companies. Markets for these
investments in foreign countries often are not as developed, efficient or liquid as similar markets in the United States, and therefore,
the prices of non-U.S. securities may be more volatile. Certain foreign countries may impose restrictions on the ability of issuers of
non-U.S. securities to make payments of principal and interest to investors located outside the country, whether from currency blockage
or otherwise. In addition, the Fund will be subject to risks associated with adverse political and economic developments in foreign countries,
including seizure or nationalization of foreign deposits, different legal systems and laws relating to creditors’ rights and the
potential inability to enforce legal judgments, all of which could cause the Fund to lose money on its investments in non-U.S. securities.
Generally, there is less readily available and reliable information about non-U.S. issuers or Borrowers due to less rigorous disclosure
or accounting standards and regulatory practices. The ability of a foreign sovereign issuer to make timely payments on its debt obligations
will also be strongly influenced by the sovereign issuer’s balance of payments, including export performance, its access to international
credit facilities and investments, fluctuations of interest rates and the extent of its foreign reserves. The cost of servicing external
debt generally will also be adversely affected by rising international interest rates, as many external debt obligations bear interest
at rates that are adjusted based upon international interest rates. Investments in so-called “emerging markets” (or
lesser developed countries) are particularly speculative and entail all of the risks of investing in non-U.S. securities but to a heightened
degree. Compared to developed countries, emerging market countries may have relatively unstable governments, economies based on only a
few industries and securities markets that trade a small number of securities. Securities issued by companies located in emerging market
countries tend to be especially volatile and may be less liquid than securities traded in developed countries. Additionally, companies
in emerging market countries may not be subject to accounting, auditing, financial reporting and recordkeeping requirements that are as
robust as those in more developed countries.
Economic
sanctions may be, and have been, imposed against certain countries, organizations, companies, entities and/or individuals. Economic sanctions
and other similar governmental actions or developments could, among other things, effectively restrict or eliminate the Fund’s ability
to purchase or sell certain foreign securities or groups of foreign securities, and thus may make the Fund’s investments in such
securities less liquid or more difficult to value. Such sanctions may also cause a decline in the value of securities issued by the sanctioned
country or companies located in or economically tied to the sanctioned country. In addition, as a result of economic sanctions and other
similar governmental actions or developments, the Fund may be forced to sell or otherwise dispose of foreign investments at inopportune
times or prices.
Foreign
Currency Risk. Because the Fund may invest in securities denominated or quoted
in currencies other than the U.S. dollar, changes in foreign currency exchange rates may affect the value of securities in the Fund and
the unrealized appreciation or depreciation of investments. Currencies of certain countries may be volatile and therefore may affect the
value of securities denominated in such currencies, which means that the Fund’s NAV could decline as a result of changes in the
exchange rates between foreign currencies and the U.S. dollar. The Advisors may, but are not required to, elect for the Fund to seek
to
protect itself from changes in currency exchange rates through hedging transactions depending on market conditions. The Fund may incur
costs in connection with the conversions between various currencies. In addition, certain countries may impose foreign currency exchange
controls or other restrictions on the repatriation, transferability or convertibility of currency.
Currency
Hedging Risk. The Advisors may seek to hedge all or a portion of the Fund’s
foreign currency risk. However, the Advisors cannot guarantee that it will be practical to hedge these risks in certain markets or conditions
or that any efforts to do so will be successful.
Arbitrage
Risk. The Fund may engage in capital structure arbitrage and other arbitrage
strategies. Arbitrage strategies entail various risks, including the risk that external events, regulatory approvals and other factors
will impact the consummation of announced corporate events and/or the prices of certain positions. In addition, hedging is an important
feature of capital structure arbitrage. There is no guarantee that the Advisors will be able to hedge the Fund’s investment portfolio
in the manner necessary to employ successfully the Fund’s strategy.
Market
Disruption and Geopolitical Risk. Disease outbreaks, public health emergencies
(e.g., the coronavirus outbreak, epidemics and other pandemics), the European sovereign debt crisis, instability in the Chinese capital
markets, the effect of the United Kingdom (the “U.K.”) leaving the European Union (the “EU”), terrorist attacks
in the United States and around the world, the impact of natural disasters, growing social and political discord in the United States,
the European debt crisis, the response of the international community — through economic sanctions and otherwise — the
war in Ukraine and Russia, increasingly strained relations between the United States and a number of foreign countries, including traditional
allies, such as certain European countries, and historical adversaries, such as North Korea, Iran, China and Russia, and the international
community generally, new and continued political unrest in various countries may result in market volatility, may have long-term adverse
effects on the United States and worldwide financial markets and may cause further economic uncertainties in the United States and worldwide.
The Fund does not know how long the financial markets may be affected by these events and cannot predict the effects of these events or
similar events in the future on the U.S. and global economies and financial markets. Wars and occupation, terrorism and related geopolitical
risks have led, and may in the future lead, to increased short-term market volatility and may have adverse long-term effects on U.S. and
global economies and markets generally. These events could have an acute effect on individual issuers or related groups of issuers. These
events could also impact interest rates, secondary trading, ratings, credit risk, inflation and other factors relating to an investment
in the Shares. During periods of market disruption, portfolio companies may be more likely to seek to draw on unfunded commitments the
Fund has made, and the risk of being unable to fund such commitments is heightened during such periods.
The
Fund may be adversely affected by abrogation of international agreements and national laws which have created the market instruments in
which the Fund may invest, failure of the designated national and international authorities to enforce compliance with the same laws and
agreements, failure of local, national and international organization to carry out their duties prescribed to them under the relevant
agreements, revisions of these laws and agreements which dilute their effectiveness or conflicting interpretation of provisions of the
same laws and agreements. Syndicated Loans and Corporate Bonds rated below investment grade and investments with similar characteristics
tend to be more volatile than investment grade fixed income securities and, as a result, these events and other market disruptions may
have a greater impact on the prices and volatility of such instruments than on investment grade fixed income securities. There can be
no assurance that such market disruptions may not have other material and adverse implications for the Syndicated Loan and Corporate Bond
markets or other markets in which the Fund may invest.
Certain
of the Fund’s portfolio companies’ businesses could be adversely affected by the effects of health pandemics or epidemics,
including the ongoing COVID-19 global pandemic, the evolution of which continues to be uncertain. Recurring COVID-19 outbreaks around
the world have heightened concerns relating to new and potentially more dangerous virus variants, which, if transmitted around the globe
could lead to the re-introduction of restrictions that were in place in 2020, 2021, and to a lesser extent in 2022, or even the adoption
of other more strict measures to combat outbreaks. Another severe outbreak of COVID-19 or another pandemic can disrupt the Fund’s
and the Fund’s portfolio companies’ businesses and materially and adversely impact the Fund’s and/or the Fund’s
portfolio companies’ financial results.
The
COVID-19 pandemic contributed to certain conditions associated with the current macroeconomic environment and caused significant disruptions
and instabilities in the global and U.S. financial markets or deteriorations in credit and financing conditions. A resurgence of COVID-19
or another pandemic with effects similar to those of COVID-19 may adversely affect the Fund’s and the Fund’s portfolio companies’
liquidity positions.
U.S.
and global markets recently have experienced increased volatility, including as a result of the recent failures of certain U.S. and non-U.S.
banks, which could be harmful to the Fund and issuers in which it invests. For example, if a bank in which the Fund or issuer has an account
fails, any cash or other assets in bank accounts may be temporarily inaccessible or permanently lost by the Fund or issuer. If a bank
that provides a subscription line credit facility, asset-based facility, other credit facility and/or other services to an issuer fails,
the issuer could be unable to draw funds under its credit facilities or obtain replacement credit facilities or other services from other
lending institutions with similar terms. Even if banks used by issuers in which the Fund invests remain solvent, continued volatility
in the banking sector could cause or intensify an economic recession, increase the costs of banking services or result in the issuers
being unable to obtain or refinance indebtedness at all or on as favorable terms as could otherwise have been obtained. Conditions in
the banking sector are evolving, and the scope of any potential impacts to the Fund and issuers, both from market conditions and also
potential legislative or regulatory responses, are uncertain. Continued market volatility and uncertainty and/or a downturn in market
and economic and financial conditions, as a result of developments in the banking industry or otherwise (including as a result of delayed
access to cash or credit facilities), could have an adverse impact on the Fund and issuers in which it invests.
U.S.
Credit Rating and European Economic Crisis Risk. In August 2011, S&P
lowered its long-term sovereign credit rating on the United States from “AAA” to “AA+,” which was re-affirmed
by S&P in June 2016. In January 2012, S&P lowered its long-term sovereign credit ratings for France, Italy, Spain and
six other European countries, which negatively impacted global markets and economic conditions. During subsequent periods, S&P further
lowered its long-term sovereign credit rating for Spain. S&P subsequently raised its long-term sovereign credit rating on Spain to
“BBB,” but its current credit rating still signifies significant ongoing risk. Recent U.S. budget deficit concerns, together
with signs of deteriorating sovereign debt conditions in Europe, have increased the possibility of additional credit-rating downgrades
and economic slowdowns. The impact of any further downgrade to the U.S. government’s sovereign credit rating, or its perceived creditworthiness,
and the impact of the current crisis in Europe with respect to the ability of certain European Union (“EU”) countries to continue
to service their sovereign debt obligations is inherently unpredictable and could adversely affect the U.S. and global financial markets
and economic conditions. In addition, the economic downturn and the significant government interventions into the financial markets and
fiscal stimulus spending over the last several years have contributed to significantly increased U.S. budget deficits. There can
be no assurance that future fiscal or monetary measures to aid economic recovery will be effective. These developments and reactions of
the credit markets to these developments could cause interest rates and borrowing costs to rise, which may negatively impact the Fund’s
ability to obtain debt financing on favorable terms. In addition, any adverse economic conditions resulting from any further downgrade
of the U.S. government’s sovereign credit rating or the economic crisis in Europe could have a material adverse effect on the Fund’s
business, financial condition and results of operations.
Government
Intervention in the Financial Markets Risk. Instability in the financial markets
has led the U.S. Government, the Federal Reserve and foreign governments and central banks around the world to take a number of unprecedented
actions designed to support certain financial institutions and segments of the financial markets that have experienced extreme volatility,
and in some cases a lack of liquidity. U.S. federal and state and foreign governments, their regulatory agencies or self-regulatory organizations
may take additional actions that affect the regulation of the securities, debt instruments or structured products in which the Fund invests,
or the issuers of such securities or structured products, in ways that are unforeseeable or not fully understood or anticipated. Governments
or their agencies may also acquire distressed assets from financial institutions and acquire ownership interests in those institutions.
The implications of government ownership and disposition of these assets are unclear, and such programs may have positive or negative
effects on the liquidity, valuation and performance of the Fund’s portfolio holdings. Furthermore, volatile financial markets can
expose the Fund to greater market and liquidity risk
and
potential difficulty in valuing portfolio instruments held by the Fund. The Advisor will monitor developments and seek to manage the Fund’s
portfolio in a manner consistent with achieving the Fund’s investment objective, but there can be no assurance that it will be successful
in doing so.
European
Risk. The Fund may invest a portion of its capital in debt securities issued
by issuers domiciled in Europe, including issuers domiciled in the U.K. Concerns regarding the sovereign debt of various Eurozone countries
and proposals for investors to incur substantial write-downs and reductions in the face value of the sovereign debt of certain countries
give rise to concerns about sovereign defaults, the possibility that one or more countries might leave the EU or the Eurozone and various
proposals (still under consideration and unclear in material respects) for support of affected countries and the Euro as a currency. The
outcome of any such situation cannot be predicted. Sovereign debt defaults and EU and/or Eurozone exits could have material adverse effects
on investments by the Fund in securities of European companies, including but not limited to the availability of credit to support such
companies’ financing needs, uncertainty and disruption in relation to financing, customer and supply contracts denominated in Euro
and wider economic disruption in markets served by those companies, while austerity and other measures that have been introduced in order
to limit or contain these issues may themselves lead to economic contraction and resulting adverse effects for the Fund. A number of the
Fund’s securities may be denominated in the Euro. Legal uncertainty about the funding of Euro denominated obligations following
any breakup or exits from the Eurozone (particularly in the case of investments in securities of companies in affected countries) could
also have material adverse effects on the Fund. The U.K. ceased to be a member state of the EU on January 31, 2020 commonly referred
to as “Brexit,” and the transition period provided for in the withdrawal agreement entered by the U.K. and the EU ended on
December 31, 2020. In December 2020, the U.K. and the EU agreed on a trade and cooperation agreement, which was subsequently
ratified by the parties. The trade and cooperation agreement covers the general objectives and framework of the relationship between the
U.K. and the EU. The impact of Brexit on the U.K. and EU and the broader global economy is unknown but could be significant and could
result in increased volatility and illiquidity and potentially lower economic growth. Brexit also may lead to greater volatility in the
global currency and financial markets, which could adversely affect the Fund. In connection with investments in non-U.S. issuers, the
Fund may engage in foreign currency exchange transactions but is not required to hedge its currency exposure. As such, the Fund makes
investments that are denominated in British pound sterling or Euros. The Fund’s assets are valued in U.S. dollars and the depreciation
of the British pound sterling and/or the Euro in relation to the U.S. dollar could adversely affect the Fund’s investments denominated
in British pound sterling or Euros that are not fully hedged regardless of the performance of the underlying issuer.
Economic
Recession or Downturn Risk. Many of the Fund’s portfolio companies may
be susceptible to economic slowdowns or recessions and may be unable to repay the Fund’s debt investments during these periods.
Therefore, the Fund’s non-performing assets are likely to increase, and the value of its portfolio is likely to decrease, during
these periods. Adverse economic conditions may also decrease the value of any collateral securing the Fund’s secured loans. A prolonged
recession may further decrease the value of such collateral and result in losses of value in the Fund’s portfolio and a decrease
in the Fund’s revenues, net income and NAV. Unfavorable economic conditions also could increase the Fund’s funding costs,
limit the Fund’s access to the capital markets or result in a decision by lenders not to extend credit to it on terms it deems acceptable.
These events could prevent the Fund from increasing investments and harm the Fund’s operating results.
Legal
and Regulatory Risks. Additionally, in August 2022, Rule 18f-4 under
the 1940 Act, regarding the ability of a registered investment company to use derivatives and other transactions that create future payment
or delivery obligations (except reverse repurchase agreements and similar financing transactions), became effective. Under the new rule,
registered investment companies that make significant use of derivatives are required to operate subject to a value-at-risk leverage limit,
adopt a derivatives risk management program and appoint a derivatives risk manager, and comply with various testing and board reporting
requirements. Such requirements may limit the ability of the Fund to invest in derivatives, short sales and similar financing transactions,
limit the Fund’s ability to employ certain strategies that use these instruments and/or adversely affect the Fund’s efficiency
in implementing its strategy, liquidity and/or ability to pursue its investment objective.
At
any time after the date of this prospectus, legislation may be enacted that could negatively affect the assets of the Fund or the issuers
of such assets. Changing approaches to regulation may have a negative impact on the entities in which the Fund invests. Legislation or
regulation may also change the way in which the Fund itself is regulated. There can be no assurance that future legislation, regulation
or deregulation will not have a material adverse effect on the Fund or will not impair the ability of the Fund to achieve its investment
objective.
Risks
Associated with Changes in LIBOR. National and international regulators and
law enforcement agencies have conducted investigations into a number of rates or indices that are deemed to be “reference rates.”
Actions by such regulators and law enforcement agencies may result in changes to the manner in which certain reference rates are determined,
their discontinuance, or the establishment of alternative reference rates. In particular, on July 27, 2017, the Chief Executive of
the U.K. Financial Conduct Authority (the “FCA”), which regulates LIBOR, announced that the FCA will no longer persuade or
compel banks to submit rates for the calculation of LIBOR after 2021.
The
U.S. Federal Reserve, in conjunction with the Alternative Reference Rates Committee (the “ARRC”), a steering committee comprised
of large U.S. financial institutions, has identified the Secured Overnight Financing Rate, (“SOFR”) as its preferred alternative
rate for LIBOR. On December 6, 2021, the ARRC released a statement selecting and recommending forms of SOFR, along with associated
spread adjustments and conforming changes, to replace references to 1-week and 2-month USD LIBOR. The Fund expects that a substantial
portion of the Fund’s future floating rate investments will be linked to SOFR. Although there have been an increasing number of
issuances utilizing SOFR or the Sterling Over Night Index Average (“SONIA”) (the GBP-LIBOR nominated replacement alternative
reference rate that is based on transactions), it is unknown whether SOFR or any other alternative reference rates will attain market
acceptance as replacements for LIBOR. Given the inherent differences between LIBOR and SOFR, or any other alternative reference rates
that may be established, the transition from LIBOR may disrupt the overall financial markets and adversely affect the market for LIBOR-based
securities, including the Fund’s portfolio of LIBOR indexed, floating rate debt securities, or the cost of the Fund’s borrowings.
In addition, changes or reforms to the determination or supervision of LIBOR may result in a sudden or prolonged increase or decrease
in reported LIBOR, which could have an adverse impact on the market for LIBOR-based securities, including the value and/or transferability
of the LIBOR indexed, floating rate debt securities in the Fund’s portfolio, or the cost of the Fund’s borrowings.
Additionally,
if as currently expected LIBOR ceases to exist, the Fund may need to renegotiate the credit agreements extending beyond June 30,
2023 with its credit facility lenders and portfolio companies that utilize LIBOR as a factor in determining the interest rate to replace
LIBOR with SOFR or other alternative reference rates, which could require the Fund to incur significant time and expense and may subject
the Fund to disputes or litigation over the appropriateness or comparability to the relevant replacement reference index.
Risks
Associated with Commodity Futures Trading Commission Regulation. The Sub-Advisor
claims an exclusion from the definition of the term “commodity pool operator” in accordance with Commodity Futures Trading
Commission (“CFTC”) Regulation 4.5 so that the Sub-Advisor is not subject to registration or regulation as a CPO under
the CEA with respect to the Fund. In order to maintain the exclusion for the Sub-Advisor, the Fund must invest no more than a prescribed
level of its liquidation value in certain futures, certain swap contracts and certain other Derivatives subject to the CEA’s jurisdiction,
and the Fund must not market itself as providing investment exposure to such instruments. If the Fund’s investments no longer qualify
the Sub-Advisor for the exclusion, the Sub-Advisor may be subject to the CFTC’s CPO registration requirements with respect to the
Fund, and the disclosure and operations of the Fund would need to comply with all applicable regulations governing commodity pools registered
as investment companies under the 1940 Act and commodity pool operators. Compliance with the additional registration and regulatory requirements
may increase operating expenses. Other potentially adverse regulatory initiatives could also develop.
Inflation
and Deflation Risk. Inflation risk is the risk that the value of certain assets
or income from the Fund’s investments will be worth less in the future as inflation decreases the value of money. As inflation increases,
the real value of investments and distributions can decline. In addition, during any
periods
of rising inflation, the dividend rates or borrowing costs associated with the Fund’s use of leverage would likely increase, which
would tend to further reduce returns to Shareholders. Deflation risk is the risk that prices throughout the economy decline over time — the
opposite of inflation. Deflation may have an adverse effect on the creditworthiness of issuers and may make issuer defaults more likely,
which may result in a decline in the value of the Fund’s portfolio.
Interest
Rate Risk. The market value of Corporate Bonds and other fixed-income securities
changes in response to interest rate changes and other factors. Interest rate risk is the risk that prices of bonds and other fixed-income
securities will increase as interest rates fall and decrease as rates rise. Accordingly, an increase in market interest rates may cause
a decrease in the price of a debt security and, therefore, a decline in the net asset value of the Fund’s Shares. The magnitude
of these fluctuations in the market price of bonds and other fixed-income securities is generally greater for those securities with longer
maturities. Because Syndicated Loans with floating or variable rates reset their interest rates periodically, changes in prevailing interest
rates can be expected to cause some fluctuations in the Fund’s NAV. Similarly, an increase in market interest rates may cause a
decline in the Fund’s NAV. In addition, Syndicated Loans or similar loans or securities may allow the Borrower to opt between LIBOR-based
interest rates, SOFR-based interest rates and interest rates based on bank prime rates, which may have an effect on the Fund’s NAV.
If
general interest rates rise, as they have in recent years, there is a risk that the portfolio companies in which the Fund holds floating
rate securities will be unable to pay escalating interest amounts, which could result in a default under their loan documents. Rising
interest rates could also cause portfolio companies to shift cash from other productive uses to the payment of interest, which may have
a material adverse effect on their business and operations and could, over time, lead to increased defaults. In addition, rising interest
rates may increase pressure on the Fund to provide fixed rate loans to the Fund’s portfolio companies, which could adversely affect
the Fund’s net investment income, as increases in the cost of borrowed funds would not be accompanied by increased interest income
from such fixed-rate investments.
Investment
Terms and Timeframe Risk. Delays in investing the net proceeds of this offering
may impair the Fund’s performance. The Fund cannot assure investors that it will be able to identify any investments that meet the
Fund’s investment objective or that any investment that the Fund makes will produce a positive return. The Fund may be unable to
invest its assets on acceptable terms within the time period that it anticipates or at all, which could harm the Fund’s financial
condition and results of operations.
Prior
to investing in securities of portfolio companies, the Fund may invest primarily in cash, cash equivalents, U.S. government securities,
repurchase agreements and high-quality debt instruments maturing in one year or less from the time of investment, which may produce returns
that are significantly lower than the returns which it expects to achieve when the Fund’s portfolio is fully invested in securities
meeting its investment objective. As a result, any distributions that the Fund pays while its portfolio is not fully invested in securities
meeting its investment objective may be lower than the distributions that the Fund may be able to pay when its portfolio is fully invested
in securities meeting its investment objective.
Restrictions
on Entering into Affiliated Transactions. The Advisors may enter into transactions
and invest in securities, instruments and currencies on behalf of the Fund in which customers of its affiliates, to the extent permitted
by applicable law, serve as the counterparty, principal or issuer. In such cases, such party’s interests in the transaction could
be adverse to the interests of the Fund, and such party may have no incentive to assure that the Fund obtains the best possible prices
or terms in connection with the transaction. In addition, the purchase, holding and sale of such investments by the Fund may enhance the
profitability of the Advisors or their affiliates. One or more affiliates may also create, write or issue Derivatives for their customers,
the underlying securities, currencies or instruments of which may be those in which the Fund invests or which may be based on the performance
of the Fund. The Fund may, subject to applicable law, purchase investments that are the subject of an underwriting or other distribution
by one or more of the Advisors affiliates and may also enter into transactions with other clients of an affiliate where such other clients
have interests adverse to those of the Fund. By reason of the various activities of the Advisors and their affiliates, the Advisors and
such affiliates may acquire confidential or material non-public information or otherwise be restricted from purchasing certain potential
Fund investments that otherwise might have been purchased or be restricted from selling certain Fund investments that might otherwise
have been sold at the time.
Lack
of Funds to Make Additional Investments Risk. The Fund may not have the funds
or ability to make additional investments in its portfolio companies. After the Fund’s initial investment in a portfolio company,
it may be called upon from time to time to provide additional funds to such company or have the opportunity to increase its investment
through the exercise of a warrant to purchase common shares. There is no assurance that the Fund will make, or will have sufficient funds
to make, follow-on investments. Any decisions not to make a follow-on investment or any inability on the Fund’s part to make such
an investment may have a negative impact on a portfolio company in need of such an investment, may result in a missed opportunity for
the Fund to increase its participation in a successful operation or may reduce the expected return on the investment.
Uncertain
Exit Strategies. Due to the illiquid nature of some of the positions that the
Fund is expected to acquire, as well as the risks associated with the Fund’s investment strategies, the Fund is unable to predict
with confidence what the exit strategy may ultimately be for any given investment, or that one will definitely be available. Exit strategies
which appear to be viable when an investment is initiated may be precluded by the time the investment is ready to be realized due to economic,
legal, political or other factors.
Other
Risks Relating to the Fund
Advisor
Risk. The Advisor utilizes the resources of Ares’ U.S. and European credit
teams who manage direct lending, syndicated loan, corporate bond, opportunistic credit and structured credit investment strategies for
the Ares Credit Group as well as the real estate debt and stressed/distressed investment teams. The Fund’s portfolio management
team is comprised of members of Ares’ Credit Group. The Advisor intends to use the resources of Ares. There can be no assurance
that any such investment professionals will remain employed by Ares or if employed, will remain involved with the Advisors’ performance
obligations. The Advisor is a joint venture and conflicts could arise between the parties to the joint venture that could impact the Advisor’s
ability to perform its duties.
Senior
Management Personnel of the Advisors. Since the Fund has no employees, it depends
on the investment expertise, skill and network of business contacts of the Advisors. The Advisors evaluate, negotiate, structure, execute,
monitor and service the Fund’s investments. The Fund’s future success depends to a significant extent on the continued service
and coordination of the Advisors and their senior management team. The departure of any members of the Advisors’ senior management
team could have a material adverse effect on the Fund’s ability to achieve its investment objective.
The
Fund’s ability to achieve its investment objective depends on the Advisors’ ability to identify, analyze, invest in, finance
and monitor companies that meet the Fund’s investment criteria. The Advisors’ capabilities in managing the investment process,
providing competent, attentive and efficient services to the Fund, and facilitating access to financing on acceptable terms depend on
the employment of investment professionals in an adequate number and of adequate sophistication to match the corresponding flow of transactions.
To achieve the Fund’s investment objective, the Advisors may need to hire, train, supervise and manage new investment professionals
to participate in the Fund’s investment selection and monitoring process. The Advisors may not be able to find investment professionals
in a timely manner or at all. Failure to support the Fund’s investment process could have a material adverse effect on the Fund’s
business, financial condition and results of operations.
In
addition, the Investment Advisory Agreement has termination provisions that allow the parties to terminate the agreements without penalty.
The Investment Advisory Agreement, Investment Sub-Advisory Agreement and the CAM Administration Agreement may be terminated at any time,
without penalty, by the Advisors upon 60 days’ notice to the Fund. If either agreement is terminated, it may adversely affect
the quality of the Fund’s investment opportunities. In addition, in the event such agreements are terminated, it may be difficult
for the Fund to replace the Advisors. Furthermore, the termination of either of these agreements may adversely impact the terms of the
Fund’s or its subsidiaries’ financing facilities or any financing facility into which the Fund or its subsidiaries may enter
in the future, which could have a material adverse effect on the Fund’s business and financial condition.
Key
Personnel Risk. The Advisor depends on the diligence, skill and network of
business contacts of certain Ares Credit Group and CION professionals. The Advisor also depends, to a significant extent, on access to
other investment professionals within Ares and CION and the information and deal flow
generated
by these investment professionals in the course of their investment and portfolio management activities. The Fund’s success depends
on the continued service of such personnel. The investment professionals associated with the Advisors are actively involved in other investment
activities not concerning the Fund and will not be able to devote all of their time to the Fund’s business and affairs. The departure
of any of the senior managers of the Advisors, or of a significant number of the investment professionals or partners of the Advisors’
affiliates, could have a material adverse effect on the Fund’s ability to achieve its investment objective. Individuals not currently
associated with the Advisors may become associated with the Fund and the performance of the Fund may also depend on the experience and
expertise of such individuals. In addition, there is no assurance that the Advisors will remain the Fund’s investment advisor or
that the Advisors will continue to have access to the investment professionals and partners of its affiliates and the information and
deal flow generated by the investment professionals of its affiliates.
Ares
and CION Relationships. The Fund expects that Ares and CION will depend on
their existing relationships with private equity sponsors, investment banks and commercial banks, and the Fund expects to rely to a significant
extent upon these relationships for purposes of potential investment opportunities. If Ares or CION fails to maintain their existing relationships
or develop new relationships with other sources or sponsors of investment opportunities, the Fund may not be able to expand its investment
portfolio. In addition, individuals with whom Ares and CION have relationships are not obligated to provide the Fund with investment opportunities
and, therefore, there is no assurance that such relationships will generate investment opportunities for the Fund.
The
Advisors’ Incentive Fee Risk. The Investment Advisory Agreement and Investment
Sub-Advisory Agreement entitle the Advisors to receive incentive compensation on income regardless of any capital losses. In such case,
the Fund may be required to pay the Advisors incentive compensation for a fiscal quarter even if there is a decline in the value of the
Fund’s portfolio or if the Fund incurs a net loss for that quarter.
Any
Incentive Fee payable by the Fund that relates to its net investment income may be computed and paid on income that may include interest
that has been accrued but not yet received. If a portfolio company defaults on a loan that is structured to provide accrued interest,
it is possible that accrued interest previously included in the calculation of the Incentive Fee will become uncollectible. The Advisors
are not under any obligation to reimburse the Fund for any part of the Incentive Fee they received that was based on accrued income that
the Fund never received as a result of a default by an entity on the obligation that resulted in the accrual of such income, and such
circumstances would result in the Fund’s paying an Incentive Fee on income it never received.
The
Incentive Fee payable by the Fund to the Advisors may create an incentive for them to make investments on the Fund’s behalf that
are risky or more speculative than would be the case in the absence of such compensation arrangement. The way in which the Incentive Fee
payable to the Advisors is determined may encourage them to use leverage to increase the return on the Fund’s investments. In addition,
the fact that the Management Fee is payable based upon the Fund’s average daily gross assets, which would include any borrowings
for investment purposes, may encourage the Advisors to use leverage to make additional investments. Under certain circumstances, the use
of leverage may increase the likelihood of default, which would disfavor Shareholders. Such a practice could result in the Fund’s
investing in more speculative securities than would otherwise be in its best interests, which could result in higher investment losses,
particularly during cyclical economic downturns.
Shares
Not Listed; No Market for Shares. The Fund has been organized as a closed-end
management investment company. Closed-end funds differ from open-end management investment companies (commonly known as mutual funds)
because investors in a closed-end fund do not have the right to redeem their shares on a daily basis. Unlike most closed-end funds, which
typically list their shares on a securities exchange, the Fund does not currently intend to list the Shares for trading on any securities
exchange, and the Fund does not expect any secondary market to develop for the Shares in the foreseeable future. Therefore, an investment
in the Fund, unlike an investment in a typical closed-end fund, is not a liquid investment.
Closed-end
Interval Fund; Liquidity Risks. The Fund is a diversified, closed-end management
investment company structured as an “interval fund” and designed primarily for long-term investors. The Fund is not intended
to be a typical traded investment. There is no secondary market for the Fund’s Shares
and
the Fund expects that no secondary market will develop. An investor should not invest in the Fund if the investor needs a liquid investment.
Closed-end funds differ from open-end management investment companies, commonly known as mutual funds, in that investors in a closed-end
fund do not have the right to redeem their shares on a daily basis at a price based on NAV. Although the Fund, as a fundamental policy,
will make quarterly offers to repurchase at least 5% and up to 25% of its outstanding Shares at NAV, the number of Shares tendered in
connection with a repurchase offer may exceed the number of Shares the Fund has offered to repurchase, in which case not all of your Shares
tendered in that offer will be repurchased. In connection with any given repurchase offer, it is expected the Fund will offer to repurchase
only the minimum amount of 5% of its outstanding Shares. Hence, you may not be able to sell your Shares when and/or in the amount that
you desire.
Competition
for Investment Opportunities. The Fund competes for investments with other
closed-end funds and investment funds, as well as traditional financial services companies such as commercial banks and other sources
of funding. Moreover, alternative investment vehicles, such as hedge funds, have begun to invest in areas in which they have not traditionally
invested. As a result of these new entrants, competition for investment opportunities may intensify. Many of the Fund’s competitors
are substantially larger and may have considerably greater financial, technical and marketing resources than the Fund. For example, some
competitors may have a lower cost of capital and access to funding sources that are not available to the Fund. In addition, some of the
Fund’s competitors may have higher risk tolerances or different risk assessments than it has. These characteristics could allow
the Fund’s competitors to consider a wider variety of investments, establish more relationships and pay more competitive prices
for investments than it is able to do. The Fund may lose investment opportunities if it does not match its competitors’ pricing.
If the Fund is forced to match its competitors’ pricing, it may not be able to achieve acceptable returns on its investments or
may bear substantial risk of capital loss. A significant increase in the number and/or the size of the Fund’s competitors could
force it to accept less attractive investment terms. Furthermore, many of the Fund’s competitors have greater experience operating
under, or are not subject to, the regulatory restrictions that the 1940 Act imposes on it as a closed-end fund.
“Best-Efforts”
Offering Risk. This offering is being made on a best efforts basis, whereby
the Distributor is only required to use its best efforts to sell the Shares and has no firm commitment or obligation to purchase any of
the Shares. To the extent that less than the maximum number of Shares is subscribed for, the opportunity for the allocation of the Fund’s
investments among various issuers and industries may be decreased, and the returns achieved on those investments may be reduced as a result
of allocating all of the Fund’s expenses over a smaller capital base.
Inadequate
Return Risk. No assurance can be given that the returns on the Fund’s
investments will be commensurate with the risk of investment in the Shares.
Inadequate
Network of Broker-Dealer Risk. The success of the Fund’s continuous public
offering, and correspondingly the Fund’s ability to implement its investment objective and strategies, depends upon the ability
of the Distributor and the Advisor to establish, operate and maintain a network of Selected Broker-Dealers to sell the Shares. If the
Distributor or the Advisor fails to perform, the Fund may not be able to raise adequate proceeds through the Fund’s continuous public
offering to implement the Fund’s investment objective and strategies. If the Fund is unsuccessful in implementing its investment
objective and strategies, an investor could lose all or a part of his or her investment in the Fund.
Repurchase
Offers Risks. As described under “Share Repurchase Program,” the
Fund is an “interval fund” and, to provide some liquidity to Shareholders, makes quarterly offers to repurchase between 5%
and 25% of its outstanding Shares at NAV, pursuant to Rule 23c-3 under the 1940 Act. The Fund believes that these repurchase offers
are generally beneficial to the Fund’s Shareholders, and generally are funded from available cash or sales of portfolio securities.
However, the repurchase of Shares by the Fund decreases the assets of the Fund and, therefore, may have the effect of increasing the Fund’s
expense ratio. Repurchase offers and the need to fund repurchase obligations may also affect the ability of the Fund to be fully invested
or force the Fund to maintain a higher percentage of its assets in liquid investments, which may harm the Fund’s investment
performance. Moreover, diminution in the size of the Fund through repurchases may result in untimely sales of portfolio securities, and
may limit the ability of the Fund to participate in new investment opportunities. If the Fund uses leverage, repurchases of Shares may
compound
the adverse effects of leverage in a declining market. In addition, if the Fund borrows money to finance repurchases, interest on that
borrowing will negatively affect Shareholders who do not tender their Shares by increasing Fund expenses and reducing any net investment
income. Certain Shareholders may from time to time own or control a significant percentage of the Fund’s Shares. Repurchase
requests by these Shareholders of these Shares of the Fund may cause repurchases to be oversubscribed, with the result that Shareholders
may only be able to have a portion of their Shares repurchased in connection with any repurchase offer. If a repurchase offer is oversubscribed
and the Fund determines not to repurchase additional Shares beyond the repurchase offer amount, or if Shareholders tender an amount of
Shares greater than that which the Fund is entitled to purchase, the Fund will repurchase the Shares tendered on a pro rata basis,
and Shareholders will have to wait until the next repurchase offer to make another repurchase request. Shareholders will be subject to
the risk of NAV fluctuations during that period. Thus, there is also a risk that some Shareholders, in anticipation of proration, may
tender more Shares than they wish to have repurchased in a particular quarter, thereby increasing the likelihood that proration will occur.
The NAV of Shares tendered in a repurchase offer may fluctuate between the date a Shareholder submits a repurchase request and the Repurchase
Request Deadline, and to the extent there is any delay between the Repurchase Request Deadline and the Repurchase Pricing Date. The NAV
on the Repurchase Request Deadline or the Repurchase Pricing Date may be higher or lower than on the date a Shareholder submits a repurchase
request. See “Share Repurchase Program.”
Distribution
Payment Risk. The Fund cannot assure investors that the Fund will achieve investment
results that will allow the Fund to make a specified level of cash distributions or year-to-year increases in cash distributions. All
distributions will be paid at the discretion of the Board and may depend on the Fund’s earnings, the Fund’s net investment
income, the Fund’s financial condition, maintenance of the Fund’s and the Fund’s RIC status, compliance with applicable
regulations and such other factors as the Board may deem relevant from time to time.
In
the event that the Fund encounters delays in locating suitable investment opportunities, all or a substantial portion of the Fund’s
distributions may constitute a return of capital to Shareholders. To the extent that the Fund pays distributions that constitute a return
of capital for U.S. federal income tax purposes, it will lower an investor’s tax basis in his or her Shares. A return of capital
generally is a return of an investor’s investment, rather than a return of earnings or gains derived from the Fund’s investment
activities, and generally results in a reduction of the tax basis in the Shares. As a result from such reduction in tax basis, Shareholders
may be subject to tax in connection with the sale of Fund Shares, even if such Shares are sold at a loss relative to the Shareholder’s
original investment.
Risks
Associated with the Fund Distribution Policy. The Fund intends to make
regular distributions. Currently, in order to maintain a relatively stable level of distributions, the Fund may pay out less than all
of its net investment income to the extent consistent with maintaining its ability to be subject to tax as a RIC under the Code, pay out
undistributed income from prior months, return capital in addition to current period net investment income or borrow money to fund
distributions. The distributions for any full or partial calendar year might not be made in equal amounts, and one distribution may be
larger than the other. The Fund will make a distribution only if authorized by the Board and declared by the Fund out of assets legally
available for these distributions. This distribution policy may, under certain circumstances, have certain adverse consequences to the
Fund and its Shareholders because it may result in a return of capital, which would reduce the NAV of the Shares and, over time, potentially
increase the Fund’s expense ratio. If a distribution constitutes a return of capital, it means that the Fund is returning to Shareholders
a portion of their investment rather than making a distribution that is funded from the Fund’s earned income or other profits. The
Fund’s distribution policy may be changed at any time by the Board.
There
is a possibility that the Fund may make total distributions during a calendar or taxable year in an amount that exceeds the Fund’s
net investment company taxable income and net capital gains for the relevant taxable year. In such situations, if a distribution exceeds
the Fund’s current and accumulated earnings and profits (as determined for U.S. federal income tax purposes), a portion of each
distribution paid with respect to such taxable year would generally be treated as a return of capital for U.S. federal income tax purposes,
thereby reducing the amount of a Shareholder’s tax basis in such Shareholder’s Fund Shares. When a Shareholder sells
Fund Shares, the amount, if any, by which the sales price exceeds the Shareholder’s tax basis in Fund Shares may be treated
as a gain subject to tax. Because a return of
capital
reduces a Shareholder’s tax basis in Fund Shares, it generally will increase the amount of such Shareholder’s gain or
decrease the amount of such Shareholder’s loss when such Shareholder sells Fund Shares. To the extent that the amount of any
return of capital distribution exceeds a Shareholder’s tax basis in Fund Shares, such excess generally will be treated as gain
from a sale or exchange of the shares.
Because
the Fund has issued Preferred Shares and has issued other forms of indebtedness, its ability to make distributions to its Shareholders
is limited by the asset coverage requirements and other limitations imposed by the 1940 Act and the terms of the Fund’s indebtedness.
Investment
Dilution Risk. The Fund’s investors do not have preemptive rights to
any Shares the Fund may issue in the future. The Fund’s amended and restated declaration of trust (the “Declaration of Trust”)
authorizes it to issue an unlimited number of Shares. The Board may amend the Declaration of Trust. After an investor purchases Shares,
the Fund may sell additional Shares in the future or issue equity interests in private offerings. To the extent the Fund issues additional
equity interests after an investor purchases its Shares, such investor’s percentage ownership interest in the Fund will be
diluted.
Anti-Takeover
Risk. The Declaration of Trust and bylaws, as well as certain statutory and
regulatory requirements, contain certain provisions that may have the effect of discouraging a third party from attempting to acquire
it. Subject to the limitations of the 1940 Act, the Board may, without Shareholder action, authorize the issuance of shares in one or
more classes or series, including Preferred Shares; and the Board may, without Shareholder action, amend the Declaration of Trust. These
anti-takeover provisions may inhibit a change of control in circumstances that could give Shareholders the opportunity to realize a premium
over the value of the Shares.
Conflicts
of Interest Risk. The Fund is a party to the Investment Advisory Agreement
with CAM, and the Investment Sub-Advisory Agreement with Ares Capital, entities in which certain of the Fund’s trustees, officers
and members of the investment committee of the Advisors may have indirect ownership and pecuniary interests. Certain of the Fund’s
trustees and officers and members of the investment committee of the Advisors also serve as officers or principals of other investment
managers affiliated with the Advisors that currently, and may in the future, manage investment funds with investment objectives similar
to the Fund’s investment objective. In addition, certain of Fund’s officers and trustees and the members of the investment
committee of the Advisors serve or may serve as officers, trustees or principals of entities that operate in the same or related line
of business as the Fund does or of investment funds managed by the Fund’s affiliates. Accordingly, the Fund may not be made aware
of and/or given the opportunity to participate in certain investments made by investment funds managed by advisors affiliated with the
Advisors. However, the Advisors intend to allocate investment opportunities in a fair and equitable manner in accordance with the Advisors’
investment allocation policy.
Pursuant
to the terms of the CAM Administration Agreement, CAM provides the Fund with certain administrative and other services necessary to conduct
the Fund’s day-to-day operations, and the Fund reimburses CAM, at cost, for the Fund’s allocable portion of overhead and other
expenses (including travel expenses) incurred by CAM in performing its obligations under the CAM Administration Agreement, including the
Fund’s allocable portion of the cost of certain of the Fund’s officers (including but not limited to the chief compliance
officer, chief financial officer, chief accounting officer, general counsel, secretary and treasurer) and their respective staffs, but
not investment professionals. See “Conflicts of Interest.”
Potential
Conflicts of Interest Risk — Allocation of Investment Opportunities. The
Advisors have adopted allocation procedures that are intended to treat each fund they advise in a manner that, over a period of time,
is fair and equitable. Ares and CION currently provide investment advisory and administration services and may provide in the future similar
services to other entities (collectively, “Advised Funds”). Certain existing Advised Funds have, and future Advised Funds
may have, investment objectives similar to those of the Fund, and such Advised Funds will invest in asset classes similar to those targeted
by the Fund. Certain other existing Advised Funds do not, and future Advised Funds may not, have similar investment objectives, but such
funds may from time to time invest in asset classes similar to those targeted by the Fund. The Advisors will endeavor to allocate investment
opportunities in a fair and equitable manner, and in any event consistent with any fiduciary duties owed to the Fund and other clients
and in an effort to avoid favoring one client over another and taking into account all relevant facts and circumstances,
including
(without limitation): (i) differences with respect to available capital, size of client, and remaining life of a client; (ii) differences
with respect to investment objectives or current investment strategies, including regarding: (a) current and total return requirements,
(b) emphasizing or limiting exposure to the security or type of security in question, (c) diversification, including industry
or company exposure, currency and jurisdiction, or (d) rating agency ratings; (iii) differences in risk profile at the time
an opportunity becomes available; (iv) the potential transaction and other costs of allocating an opportunity among various clients;
(v) potential conflicts of interest, including whether a client has an existing investment in the security in question or the issuer
of such security; (vi) the nature of the security or the transaction, including minimum investment amounts and the source of the
opportunity; (vii) current and anticipated market and general economic conditions; (viii) existing positions in a Borrower/loan/security;
and (ix) prior positions in a Borrower/loan/security. Nevertheless, it is possible that the Fund may not be given the opportunity
to participate in certain investments made by investment funds managed by investment managers affiliated with the Advisors.
The
Advisors may determine that the Fund should invest on a side-by-side basis with one or more Advised Funds. In certain circumstances, negotiated
co-investments may be made only in accordance with the terms of the exemptive order Ares received from the SEC (the “Order”).
Co-investments made under the Order are subject to compliance with the conditions and other requirements contained in the Order, which
could limit the Fund’s ability to participate in a co-investment transaction.
In
the event investment opportunities are allocated among the Fund and the other Advised Funds, the Fund may not be able to structure its
investment portfolio in the manner desired. Although the Advisors endeavor to allocate investment opportunities in a fair and equitable
manner, the Fund is not generally permitted to co-invest in any portfolio company in which a fund managed by Ares or any of its downstream
affiliates (other than the Fund and its downstream affiliates) currently has an investment. However, the Fund may co-invest with funds
managed by Ares or any of its downstream affiliates, subject to compliance with existing regulatory guidance, applicable regulations and
its allocation procedures. Furthermore, the Fund and the other Advised Funds may make investments in securities where the prevailing trading
activity may make impossible the receipt of the same price or execution on the entire volume of securities purchased or sold by the Fund
and the other Advised Funds. When this occurs, the various prices may be averaged, and the Fund will be charged or credited with the average
price. Thus, the effect of the aggregation may operate on some occasions to the disadvantage of the Fund. In addition, under certain circumstances,
the Fund may not be charged the same commission or commission equivalent rates in connection with a bunched or aggregated order.
It
is likely that the other Advised Funds may make investments in the same or similar securities at different times and on different terms
than the Fund. The Fund and the other Advised Funds may make investments at different levels of a Borrower’s capital structure or
otherwise in different classes of a Borrower’s securities, to the extent permitted by applicable law. Such investments may inherently
give rise to conflicts of interest or perceived conflicts of interest between or among the various classes of securities that may be held
by such entities. Conflicts may also arise because portfolio decisions regarding the Fund may benefit the other Advised Funds. For example,
the sale of a long position or establishment of a short position by the Fund may impair the price of the same security sold short by (and
therefore benefit) one or more Advised Funds, and the purchase of a security or covering of a short position in a security by the Fund
may increase the price of the same security held by (and therefore benefit) one or more Advised Funds.
Applicable
law, including the 1940 Act, may at times prevent the Fund from being able to participate in investments that it otherwise would participate
in, and may require the Fund to dispose of investments at a time when it otherwise would not dispose of such investment, in each case,
in order to comply with applicable law.
The
Advisors, their affiliates and their clients may pursue or enforce rights with respect to a Borrower in which the Fund has invested, and
those activities may have an adverse effect on the Fund. As a result, prices, availability, liquidity and terms of the Fund’s investments
may be negatively impacted by the activities of the Advisors and their affiliates or their clients, and transactions for the Fund may
be impaired or effected at prices or terms that may be less favorable than would otherwise have been the case.
The
Advisors may have a conflict of interest in deciding whether to cause the Fund to incur leverage or to invest in more speculative investments
or financial instruments, thereby potentially increasing the management and incentive fee payable by the Fund and, accordingly, the fees
received by the Advisors. Certain other Advised Funds pay the Advisors or their affiliates greater performance-based compensation, which
could create an incentive for the Advisors or an affiliate to favor such investment fund or account over the Fund.
Potential
Conflicts of Interest Risk — Allocation of Personnel. The
Fund’s executive officers and trustees, and the employees of the Advisors, serve or may serve as officers, directors or principals
of entities that operate in the same or a related line of business as the Fund or of investment funds or accounts managed by the Advisors
or their affiliates. As a result, they may have obligations to investors in those entities, the fulfillment of which might not be in the
best interests of the Fund or its Shareholders. Additionally, certain personnel of the Advisors and their management may face conflicts
in their time management and commitments.
Potential
Conflicts of Interest Risk — Lack of Information Barriers. By
reason of the various activities of the Advisors and their affiliates, the Advisors and such affiliates may acquire confidential or material
non-public information or otherwise be restricted from purchasing certain potential Fund investments that otherwise might have been purchased
or be restricted from selling certain Acquiring Fund investments that might otherwise have been sold at the time.
Portfolio
Fair Value Risk. Under the 1940 Act, the Fund is required to carry its portfolio
investments at market value or, if there is no readily available market value, at fair value. There is not a public market for the securities
of the privately held companies in which the Fund may invest. Many of the Fund’s investments are not exchange-traded, but are, instead,
traded on a privately negotiated OTC secondary market for institutional investors. The Advisor, as valuation designee, is responsible
for the valuation of the Fund’s portfolio investments and implementing the portfolio valuation process set forth in the Advisor’s
valuation policy to management. Valuations of Fund investments are disclosed quarterly in reports publicly filed with the SEC. See “Determination
of Net Asset Value.”
Certain
factors that may be considered in determining the fair value of the Fund’s investments include dealer quotes for securities traded
on the OTC secondary market for institutional investors, the nature and realizable value of any collateral, the portfolio company’s
earnings and its ability to make payments on its indebtedness, the markets in which the portfolio company does business, comparison to
comparable publicly-traded companies, discounted cash flow and other relevant factors. Because such valuations, and particularly valuations
of private securities and private companies, are inherently uncertain, may fluctuate over short periods of time and may be based on estimates,
determinations of fair value may differ materially from the values that would have been used if an exchange-traded market for these securities
existed. Due to this uncertainty, the Advisor’s fair value determinations may cause the Fund’s NAV on a given date to materially
understate or overstate the value that it may ultimately realize upon the sale of one or more of its investments.
Portfolio
Turnover Risk. The Fund’s annual portfolio turnover rate may vary greatly
from year to year, as well as within a given year. However, portfolio turnover rate is not considered a limiting factor in the execution
of investment decisions for the Fund. High portfolio turnover may result in the realization of net short-term capital gains by the Fund
which, when distributed to the Fund and, ultimately, Shareholders, will be taxable as ordinary income. In addition, a higher portfolio
turnover rate results in correspondingly greater brokerage commissions and other transactional expenses that are borne by the Fund.
General
Risks Associated with Derivatives. Although the Fund does not expect Derivatives
to represent a significant component of its portfolio initially, the Fund may use Derivatives including, in particular, swaps (including,
total return swaps), synthetic collateralized loan obligations, reverse repurchase agreements and other similar transactions, in seeking
to achieve its investment objective or for other reasons, such as cash management, financing activities or to hedge its positions. Accordingly,
Derivatives may be used in limited instances as a form of leverage or to seek to enhance returns, including speculation on changes in
credit spreads, interest rates or other characteristics of the market, individual securities or groups of securities. If the Fund invests
in a Derivative for speculative purposes, which the Fund does not
initially
intend to do, the Fund will be fully exposed to the risks of loss of that Derivative, which may sometimes be greater than the Derivative’s
cost. The use of Derivatives may involve substantial leverage. The use of Derivatives may subject the Fund to the following risks, including
but not limited to:
>
Credit
risk — the risk that the counterparty in a Derivative transaction will be unable to honor
its financial obligation to the Fund, or the risk that the reference entity in a credit default swap or similar Derivative will not be
able to honor its financial obligations. Certain participants in the Derivatives market, including larger financial institutions, have
recently experienced significant financial hardship and deteriorating credit conditions. If the Fund’s counterparty to a Derivative
transaction experiences a loss of capital, or is perceived to lack adequate capital or access to capital, it may experience margin calls
or other regulatory requirements to increase equity. Under such circumstances, the risk that a counterparty will be unable to honor its
obligations may increase substantially. If a counterparty becomes bankrupt or otherwise fails to perform its obligations under a derivative
contract, the Fund may experience significant delays in obtaining any recovery under the derivative contract in bankruptcy or other reorganization
proceeding. The Fund may obtain only a limited recovery or may obtain no recovery in such circumstances.
>
Currency
risk — the risk that changes in the exchange rate between two currencies will adversely
affect the value (in U.S. dollar terms) of an investment.
>
Leverage
risk — the risk associated with certain types of Derivative strategies that relatively
small market movements may result in large changes in the value of an investment. Certain investments or trading strategies that involve
leverage can result in losses that greatly exceed the amount originally invested.
>
Liquidity
risk — the risk that certain securities may be difficult or impossible to sell at the
time that the seller would like or at the price that the seller believes the security is currently worth. This risk is heightened to the
extent the Fund engages in OTC Derivative transactions.
>
Correlation
risk — the risk that changes in the value of a Derivative will not match the changes in
the value of the portfolio holdings that are being hedged or of the particular market, security or loan to which the Fund seeks exposure.
>
Index
risk — if the Derivative is linked to the performance of an index, it will be subject
to the risks associated with changes in that index. If the index changes, the Fund could receive lower interest payments or experience
a reduction in the value of the Derivative to below what the Fund paid. Certain indexed securities, including inverse securities (which
move in an opposite direction to the index), may create leverage, to the extent that they increase or decrease in value at a rate that
is a multiple of the changes in the applicable index.
>
Regulatory
risk — various legislative and regulatory initiatives may impact the availability, liquidity
and cost of Derivatives, including potentially limiting or restricting the ability of the Fund to use certain Derivatives or certain counterparties
as a part of its investment strategy, increasing the costs of using these instruments or making these instruments less effective. See
“Types of Investments and Related Risks — Legislation and Regulation Risks”.
Options
and Futures Risk. The Fund may utilize options and futures contracts and so-called
“synthetic” options or other Derivatives written by broker-dealers or other permissible Financial Intermediaries. Options
transactions may be effected on securities exchanges or in the OTC market. When options are purchased OTC, the Fund’s portfolio
bears the risk that the counterparty that wrote the option will be unable or unwilling to perform its obligations under the option contract.
Options may also be illiquid and, in such cases, the Fund may have difficulty closing out its position. OTC options also may include options
on baskets of specific securities.
The
Fund may purchase call and put options on specific securities, and may write and sell covered or uncovered call and put options for hedging
purposes in pursuing its investment objective. A put option gives the purchaser of the option the right to sell, and obligates the writer
to buy, the underlying security at a stated exercise price, typically at any time prior to the expiration of the option. A call option
gives the purchaser of the option the right to buy, and obligates the writer to sell, the underlying security at a stated
exercise
price, typically at any time prior to the expiration of the option. A covered call option is a call option with respect to which the seller
of the option owns the underlying security. The sale of a call option exposes the seller during the term of the option to possible loss
of opportunity to realize appreciation in the market price of the underlying security or to possible continued holding of a security that
might otherwise have been sold to protect against depreciation in the market price of the security. In the sale of a put, losses may be
significant and, in the sale of a call, losses can be unlimited.
The
Fund may close out a position when writing options by purchasing an option on the same security with the same exercise price and expiration
date as the option that it has previously written on the security. In such a case, the Fund will realize a profit or loss if the amount
paid to purchase an option is less or more than the amount received from the sale of the option.
Purchasing
a futures contract creates an obligation to take delivery of the specific type of financial instrument at a specific future time at a
specific price for contracts that require physical delivery, or net payment for cash-settled contracts. Engaging in transactions in futures
contracts involves risk of loss to the Fund. No assurance can be given that a liquid market will exist for any particular futures contract
at any particular time. All terms of futures contracts are set forth in the rules of the exchange on which the futures contracts are traded.
Many futures exchanges and boards of trade limit the amount of fluctuation permitted in futures contract prices during a single trading
day. Once the daily limit has been reached in a particular contract, no trades may be made that day at a price beyond that limit or trading
may be suspended for specified periods during the trading day. Futures contract prices could move to the limit for several consecutive
trading days with little or no trading, preventing prompt liquidation of futures positions and potentially subjecting the Fund to substantial
losses. Successful use of futures also is subject to the Advisors’ ability to predict correctly the direction of movements in the
relevant market, and, to the extent the transaction is entered into for hedging purposes, to determine the appropriate correlation between
the transaction being hedged and the price movements of the futures contract.
Cybersecurity
Risks. Cybersecurity refers to the combination of technologies, processes and
procedures established to protect information technology systems and data from unauthorized access, attack or damage. The Fund and its
respective affiliates and third-party service providers are subject to cybersecurity risks. Cyber security risks have significantly increased
in recent years and, while the Fund has not experienced any material losses relating to cyber attacks or other information security
breaches, the Fund could suffer such losses in the future. The Fund’s and its respective affiliates’ and third-party service
providers’ computer systems, software and networks may be vulnerable to unauthorized access, computer viruses or other malicious
code and other events that could have a security impact. If one or more of such events occur, this potentially could jeopardize confidential
and other information, including nonpublic personal information and sensitive business data, processed and stored in, and transmitted
through, computer systems and networks, or otherwise cause interruptions or malfunctions in the Fund’s operations or the operations
of its respective affiliates and third-party service providers. This could result in significant losses, reputational damage, litigation,
regulatory fines or penalties, investigations or otherwise adversely affect the Fund’s business, financial condition or results
of operations. Privacy and information security laws and regulation changes, and compliance with those changes, may result in cost increases
due to system changes and the development of new administrative processes. In addition, the Fund may be required to expend significant
additional resources to modify the Fund’s protective measures and to investigate and remediate vulnerabilities or other exposures
arising from operational and security risks.
Risks
Relating to Fund’s RIC Status. Although the Fund has elected to be treated
as a RIC under Subchapter M of the Code, no assurance can be given that the Fund will be able to qualify for and maintain RIC status.
If the Fund qualifies as a RIC under the Code, the Fund generally will not be subject to corporate-level federal income taxes on its income
and capital gains that are timely distributed (or deemed distributed) as dividends for U.S. federal income tax purposes to its Shareholders.
To qualify as a RIC under the Code and to be relieved of federal taxes on income and gains distributed as dividends for U.S. federal income
tax purposes to the Fund’s Shareholders, the Fund must, among other things, meet certain source-of-income, asset diversification
and distribution requirements. The distribution requirement for a RIC is satisfied if the Fund distributes dividends each tax year for
U.S. federal income tax purposes of an amount generally at least equal to 90% of the sum of its net ordinary income and net short-term
capital gains in excess of net long-term capital losses, if any, to the Fund’s Shareholders.
RIC-Related
Risks of Investments Generating Non-Cash Taxable Income. Certain of the Fund’s
investments will require the Fund to recognize taxable income in a tax year in excess of the cash generated on those investments during
that year. In particular, the Fund expects to invest in loans and other debt instruments that will be treated as having “market
discount” and/or original issue discount (“OID”) for U.S. federal income tax purposes. Because the Fund may be required
to recognize income in respect of these investments before, or without receiving, cash representing such income, the Fund may have difficulty
satisfying the annual distribution requirements applicable to RICs and avoiding Fund-level U.S. federal income and/or excise taxes. Accordingly,
the Fund may be required to sell assets, including at potentially disadvantageous times or prices, raise additional debt or equity capital,
make taxable distributions of Shares or debt securities, or reduce new investments, to obtain the cash needed to make these income distributions.
If the Fund liquidates assets to raise cash, the Fund may realize additional gain or loss on such liquidations. In the event the Fund
realizes additional net capital gains from such liquidation transactions, Shareholders, may receive larger capital gain distributions
than it or they would in the absence of such transactions.
Instruments
that are treated as having OID for U.S. federal income tax purposes may have unreliable valuations because their continuing accruals require
judgments about the collectability of the deferred payments and the value of any collateral. Loans that are treated as having OID generally
represent a significantly higher credit risk than coupon loans. Accruals on such instruments may create uncertainty about the source of
Fund distributions to Shareholders. OID creates the risk of non-refundable cash payments to the Advisors based on accruals that may never
be realized. In addition, the deferral of payment-in-kind (“PIK”) interest also reduces a loan’s loan-to-value ratio
at a compounding rate.
Uncertain
Tax Treatment. The Fund may invest a portion of its net assets in below investment
grade instruments. Investments in these types of instruments may present special tax issues for the Fund. U.S. federal income tax rules
are not entirely clear about issues such as when the Fund may cease to accrue interest, OID or market discount, when and to what extent
deductions may be taken for bad debts or worthless instruments, how payments received on obligations in default should be allocated between
principal and income and whether exchanges of debt obligations in a bankruptcy or workout context are taxable. These and other issues
will be addressed by the Fund to the extent necessary in connection with the Fund’s intention to distribute sufficient income each
tax year to minimize the risk that it becomes subject to U.S. federal income or excise tax.
MANAGEMENT
OF THE FUND
Trustees
Pursuant
to the Declaration of Trust and bylaws, the Fund’s business and affairs are managed under the direction of the Board, which has
overall responsibility for monitoring and overseeing the Fund’s management and operations. The Board consists of nine members, five
of whom are considered Independent Trustees. The Trustees are subject to removal or replacement in accordance with Delaware law and the
Declaration of Trust. The Trustees serving on the Board, except for Jeffrey B. Perlowitz and Elaine Orr, were elected by the organizational
Shareholder of the Fund. Jeffrey B. Perlowitz and Elaine Orr were appointed to the Board by the Trustees. The Statement of Additional
Information provides additional information about the Trustees.
CAM
serves as the Fund’s investment advisor pursuant to the terms of the Investment Advisory Agreement and subject to the authority
of, and any policies established by, the Board. Ares Capital serves as the Fund’s investment sub-advisor pursuant to the terms of
the Investment Sub-Advisory Agreement. Pursuant to the Investment Advisory Agreement and Investment Sub-Advisory Agreement, the Advisors
manage the Fund’s investment portfolio, direct purchases and sales of portfolio securities and report thereon to the Fund’s
officers and Trustees regularly.
The
Board, including a majority of the Independent Trustees, oversees and monitors the Fund’s investment performance. After an initial
two-year term, the Board will review on an annual basis the Investment Advisory Agreement and the Investment Sub-Advisory Agreement to
determine, among other things, whether the fees payable under such agreements are reasonable in light of the services provided.
Investment
Personnel
The
Fund is primarily the responsibility of two portfolio managers, Mitch Goldstein and Greg Margolies. The Fund is also supported by thirteen
additional members of the Sub-Advisor’s Allocation Committee.
Below
is biographical information relating to Mitch Goldstein and Greg Margolies and the members of the Sub-Advisor’s Allocation Committee:
Mitch
Goldstein
Mitch
Goldstein is a Partner and Co-Head of the Ares Credit Group. Mitch Goldstein serves on the Ares Executive Management Committee. Additionally,
Mitch Goldstein serves as Co-President of ARCC, interested trustee and Co-Chief Executive Officer of Ares Strategic Income Fund, and Vice
President and interested trustee of the Fund. Mitch Goldstein is a member of the Ares Credit Group’s U.S. Direct Lending, Commercial
Finance, Pathfinder and the Ivy Hill Asset Management Investment Committees, the Ares Infrastructure Debt Investment Committee, and the
Ares SSG Direct Lending (Australia). Prior to joining Ares Management in May 2005, Mitch Goldstein worked at Credit Suisse First
Boston (“CSFB”), where Mitch Goldstein was a Managing Director in the Financial Sponsors Group. At CSFB, Mitch Goldstein was
responsible for providing investment banking services to private equity funds and hedge funds with a focus on M&A and restructurings
as well as capital raisings, including high yield, bank debt, mezzanine debt, and initial public offerings. Mitch Goldstein joined CSFB
in 2000 at the completion of the merger with Donaldson, Lufkin & Jenrette. From 1998 to 2000, Mitch Goldstein was at Indosuez Capital,
where Mitch Goldstein was a member of the Investment Committee and a Principal, responsible for originating, structuring and executing
leveraged transactions across a broad range of products and asset classes. From 1993 to 1998, Mitch Goldstein worked at Bankers Trust.
Mitch Goldstein also serves on the Board of Managers of Ivy Hill Asset Management GP, LLC. Mitch Goldstein graduated summa cum laude from
the State University of New York at Binghamton with a B.S. in Accounting and received an M.B.A. from Columbia University’s Graduate
School of Business.
Greg
Margolies
Greg
Margolies is a Partner in the Ares Credit Group. Greg Margolies serves as a member of the Ares Credit Group’s Alternative Credit
Investment Committee, the Ares Private Equity Group’s Special Opportunities Investment Committee and is on the Board of Directors
of the Ares Charitable Foundation.
Prior
to joining Ares in 2009, Greg Margolies served as a Managing Director and Global Head of Leveraged Finance and Capital Commitments at
Merrill Lynch & Co. and was a member of the Executive Committee for Merrill Lynch’s Global Investment Banking Group. Previously,
Greg Margolies was Co-Head of the DB Capital Mezzanine Fund. Greg Margolies serves on the Board of Directors for the International Organization
for Women and Development and the Advisory Council for University of Michigan’s Life Science Institute. Greg Margolies holds a B.A.
from the University of Michigan in International Economics and Finance and an M.B.A. from the University of Pennsylvania Wharton School
of Business.
Keith
Ashton
Keith
Ashton is a Partner, Portfolio Manager and Co-Head of Alternative Credit in the Ares Credit Group. Keith Ashton serves as a Vice President
and Portfolio Manager for Ares Dynamic Credit Allocation Fund, Inc. (NYSE:ARDC). Keith Ashton serves as a member of the Ares Credit Group’s
Alternative Credit Pathfinder and Pathfinder Core Investment Committees. Additionally, Keith Ashton serves on the Ares Diversity, Equity
and Inclusion Council. Prior to joining Ares in 2011, Keith Ashton was a Partner at Indicus Advisors LLP, where Keith Ashton focused on
launching the global structured credit business in May 2007. Previously, Keith Ashton was a Portfolio Manager and Head of Structured
Credit at TIAA-CREF, where Keith Ashton focused on managing a portfolio of structured credit investments and helped launch TIAA’s
institutional asset management business. Keith Ashton’s experience as an investor in alternative fixed income products spans virtually
all securitized asset classes, including CLOs, consumer and commercial receivables, insurance and legal settlements, small business and
trade receivables, whole business securitizations, timeshare and other mortgage-related receivables, and esoteric asset classes such as
catastrophe risk and intellectual property. Keith Ashton holds a B.A. from Brigham Young University in Economics and an M.B.A. from the
University of Rochester William E. Simon School of Business in Finance and Accounting.
Seth
Brufsky
Seth
Brufsky is a Partner, Portfolio Manager and Chairman of Global Liquid Credit in the Ares Credit Group. Seth Brufsky also serves as the
Chief Executive Officer, President and is a Director of ARDC. Additionally, Seth Brufsky serves as a member of the Ares Credit Group’s
Liquid Credit Investment Committee. Prior to joining Ares in 1998, Seth Brufsky was a member of the Corporate Strategy and Research Group
of Merrill Lynch & Co., where Seth Brufsky focused on analyzing and marketing non-investment grade securities. Previously, Seth Brufsky
was a member of the Institutional Sales and Trading Group of the Global Fixed Income Division at Union Bank of Switzerland. Seth Brufsky
serves on the Board of Trustees of Choate Rosemary Hall, a private, co-educational, college-preparatory boarding school, and serves on
the Dean’s Advisory Boards for the College of Arts and Sciences and the College of Agriculture and Life Sciences of Cornell University.
Seth Brufsky also serves on the Board of the Luminescence Foundation, a charitable giving organization. Seth Brufsky holds a B.S. from
Cornell University in Applied Economics and Business Management and an M.B.A., with honors, from the University of Southern California
Marshall School of Business in Finance, where Seth Brufsky was awarded the Glassick Scholarship for academic achievement.
Kipp
deVeer
Kipp
deVeer is a Director and Partner of Ares Management Corporation and Head of the Ares Credit Group. Kipp deVeer is a member of the Ares
Executive Management Committee and the Ares Diversity, Equity and Inclusion Council. Kipp deVeer also serves as a Director and Chief Executive
Officer of ARCC and an interested trustee and Chairman of the Board of Trustees of Ares Strategic Income Fund. Kipp deVeer is a member
of the Ares Credit Group’s U.S. Direct Lending, European Direct Lending and Pathfinder Investment Committees. Prior to joining Ares
in 2004, Kipp deVeer was a partner at RBC Capital Partners, a division of Royal Bank of Canada, which led the firm’s middle market
financing and principal investment business. Kipp deVeer joined RBC in October 2001 from Indosuez Capital, where Kip deVeer was Vice
President in the Merchant Banking Group. Previously, Kipp deVeer worked at J.P. Morgan and Co., both in the Special Investment Group of
J.P. Morgan Investment Management, Inc. and the Investment Banking Division of J.P. Morgan Securities Inc. Kipp deVeer received a B.A.
from Yale University and an M.B.A. from Stanford University’s Graduate School of Business.
Mark
Gatto
Mark
Gatto is Co-Founder, Co-Chief Executive Officer and Co-President of CION and CIC. Mark Gatto is also a Director of CAM. Mark Gatto serves
on the investment committee of CIC and the investment allocation committee of the Fund. Mark Gatto joined CION in 1999. Mark Gatto served
as Executive Vice President and Chief Acquisitions Officer from May 2007 through January 2008. Mark Gatto served as Executive
Vice President of Business Development from May 2006 through May 2007 and Vice President of Marketing from August 2005
through February 2006. Mark Gatto was also Associate General Counsel from November 1999 until October 2000. Previously,
Mark Gatto was an executive for a leading international product development and marketing company from 2000 through 2003. Later, Mark
Gatto co-founded a specialty business-consulting firm in New York City where Mark Gatto served as its managing partner before re-joining
CION in 2005. Mark Gatto was also an attorney in private practice prior to joining the firm. Mark Gatto received an M.B.A from the W.
Paul Stillman School of Business at Seton Hall University, a J.D. from Seton Hall University School of Law, and a B.S. from Montclair
State University.
Scott
Graves
Scott
Graves is a Partner, Co-Head of Private Equity Group, Portfolio Manager and Head of Special Opportunities. Scott Graves serves as a member
of the Ares Executive Management Committee and the Ares Private Equity Group’s Corporate Opportunities, Special Opportunities, Energy
Opportunities, and Extended Value Investment Committees. Scott Graves currently serves as the Chairman of the Board for Savers Value Village,
Inc. and serves on the boards of Altafiber, Infrastructure and Energy Alternatives, Inc., McLaren Automotive Group and Vmo Aircraft Leasing
Group, LLC. Prior to joining Ares in 2017, Scott Graves spent over 15 years in various capacities as a senior executive and investment
professional for Oaktree Capital Management, L.P. From 2013 through 2016, Scott Graves served as Oaktree’s Head of Credit Strategies
and Portfolio Manager of Multi-Strategy Credit. Scott Graves was responsible for a substantial portion of Oaktree’s credit platform,
managed investment portfolios spanning the breadth of Oaktree’s credit strategies and was active in Oaktree corporate management,
serving on the Capital and Risk Management Board, the Senior Leadership Counsel, the Product Governance Board and the Project Steering
Committee. From 2001 through 2013, Scott Graves was an investment professional in Oaktree’s Opportunities Funds, Value Opportunities
Fund and Strategic Credit Funds strategies, where Scott Graves served as a Portfolio Manager. Scott Graves also managed Oaktree’s
corporate and strategic development group, leading the firm’s product step-outs into emerging market credit, strategic credit, value
equities, infrastructure, the enhanced income strategies, structured credit and senior secured lending. Prior to joining Oaktree, Scott
Graves served as a Principal in William E. Simon & Sons’ private equity group and as an Analyst at Merrill Lynch & Company
in the mergers and acquisitions group. Additionally, Scott Graves worked at Price Waterhouse LLP in the audit business services division.
Scott Graves holds a B.A. from the University of California, Los Angeles, in History and an M.B.A. from the Wharton School at the University
of Pennsylvania, where Scott Graves currently serves on the Wharton School Graduate Executive Board. Scott Graves is a Certified Public
Accountant (inactive).
Blair
Jacobson
Blair
Jacobson is a Partner and Co-Head of European Credit in the Ares Credit Group and serves on the Ares Executive Management Committee and
the Ares Diversity, Equity and Inclusion Council. Blair Jacobson also serves on the boards of Ares Management Limited and Ares Management
UK Limited. Additionally, Blair Jacobson serves on the Ares Credit Group’s European Direct Lending and European Liquid Credit Investment
Committees, the Ares Secondaries Group’s Credit Investment Committee and the Ares Sports, Media and Entertainment Investment Committee.
Prior to joining Ares in 2012, Blair Jacobson was a Partner at The StepStone Group, where Blair Jacobson focused on building and running
European operations, including oversight of private debt and equity investments. Previously, Blair Jacobson was a Partner at Citigroup
Private Equity and Mezzanine Partners in London and New York. In addition, Blair Jacobson has held a variety of roles in investment banking
and mergers and acquisitions in a broad range of industries, including at Lehman Brothers. Blair Jacobson holds a B.A., magna cum laude,
from Williams College in Political Economy and an M.B.A., with honors, from the University of Chicago Booth School of Business in Finance.
Jeffrey
Kramer
Jeffrey
Kramer is a Partner, Portfolio Manager and Head of ABS in the Ares Credit Group, where Jeffrey Kramer focuses on alternative credit investments.
Additionally, Jeffrey Kramer serves as a member of the Ares Credit Group’s Alternative Credit, Pathfinder, Pathfinder Core Investment
Committees. Prior to joining Ares in 2013, Jeffrey Kramer worked in the Special Situations Group at Goldman Sachs & Co., where Jeffrey
Kramer was a member of the Asset Investing team from 2009 through 2013, focusing on investing and lending across a wide range of consumer
and commercial related assets. Prior to Jeffrey Kramer’s integration into the Special Situations Group at Goldman Sachs, Jeffrey
Kramer founded ReMark Capital Group, LLC, in 2005, an investment management company focused on the acquisition and structured lending
of pools of consumer loans. ReMark Capital was a partnership between Jeffrey Kramer and Goldman Sachs, and the platform was acquired in
full by Goldman Sachs in 2009. Previously, Jeffrey Kramer was an Executive Director in the Global Financial Markets Division and Co-Head
of the Securitization and Structured Credit Unit of WestLB AG, a European based global commercial and investment bank. Prior to that,
Jeffrey Kramer worked in the Structured Finance and Capital Markets Groups of both Rothschild, Inc. and Nomura Securities and was a Vice
President in the Asset Finance Unit at Financial Security Assurance Inc. Jeffrey Kramer holds a B.B.A. from the University of Texas at
Austin in Finance.
Michael
A. Reisner
Michael
A. Reisner is Co-Founder, Co-Chief Executive Officer and Co-President of CION as well as Co-Chief Executive Officer of CIC. In addition,
Michael A. Reisner is a Director of CAM. Michael A. Reisner serves on the Investment Committee of CIC as well as the Investment Allocation
committee of the Fund. Before co-founding CION in 2012, Michael A. Reisner held positions of increasing responsibility at its predecessor
company, including serving as co-Chief Executive Officer from 2008 to 2012, Chief Financial Officer from 2007 to 2008, Executive Vice
President — Originations from February 2006 through 2007 and Senior Vice President and General Counsel from 2004
through 2006. Earlier in Michael A. Reisner’s career, Michael A. Reisner was an attorney in private practice in New York from 1996
to 2001. Michael A. Reisner serves on the Boards of both CIC and the Fund and served on the Board of the Institute for Portfolio Alternatives
(IPA) from 2018 to 2021. Michael A. Reisner received a J.D., cum laude, from New York Law School and a B.A. from the University of Vermont.
David
A. Sachs
David
A. Sachs is a Partner in the Ares Strategy and Relationship Management Group, and focuses on the Ares Credit Group’s publicly traded
funds, strategic growth opportunities for Ares and facilitating the sharing of credit knowledge across the Ares platform. David A. Sachs
serves as a Director and Chairman of the Board of ARDC and is an interested trustee of the Fund. David A. Sachs also serves as an interested
trustee of Ares Private Markets Fund. Additionally, David A. Sachs serves as a member of the Ares Credit Group’s Alternative Credit
Investment Committee, the Ares Private Equity Group’s Energy Opportunities, Extended Value, and Asia Investment Committees, the
Ares Real Estate Global and Real Estate Debt Investment Committees, and the Ares Equity Income Opportunity Strategy Portfolio Review Committee.
Prior to joining Ares in 1997, David A. Sachs was a Principal of Onyx Partners, Inc., where David A. Sachs focused on merchant banking
and related capital raising activities in the private equity and mezzanine debt markets. Previously, David A. Sachs also worked with Taylor
& Co., an investment manager providing investment advisory and consulting services to members of the Bass Family of Fort Worth, Texas,
and Columbia Savings and Loan Association as Executive Vice President, where David A. Sachs was responsible for asset-liability management
and running the investment management department. David A. Sachs serves as the Non-Executive Chairman of Terex Corporation and is on the
Board of Trustees and the McCormick Advisory Council at Northwestern University. David A. Sachs holds a B.S. from Northwestern University
in Industrial Engineering and Management Science.
Kort
Schnabel
Kort
Schnabel is a Partner in the Ares Credit Group and serves as Co-Head for U.S. Direct Lending, serving on the U.S. Direct Lending Investment
Committee. Additionally, Kort Schnabel serves as Co-President of ARCC. Kort Schnabel also serves on the Ares Sports, Media and Entertainment
Investment
Committee and acts as a co-lead for the strategy. Prior to joining Ares in 2001, Kort Schnabel was in the Corporate Development Group
at Walker Digital Corporation, a business and technology research and development firm, where Kort Schnabel was responsible for corporate
finance, merger and acquisition and strategic planning activities. Previously, Kort Schnabel was in the Corporate Finance Group at Morgan
Stanley, where Kort Schnabel performed financial analyses for mergers and acquisitions, leveraged buyouts and equity/debt offerings. Kort
Schnabel holds a B.A., cum laude, from the University of Pennsylvania in Economics.
Michael
Smith
Michael
Smith is a Partner and Co-Head of the Ares Global Credit Group. Michael Smith serves on the Ares Executive Management Committee. Additionally,
Michael Smith serves as a Director of ARCC and previously served as Co-President of ARCC from July 2014 to October 2022 and
Executive Vice President from May 2013 to July 2014. Michael Smith also serves as an interested trustee and Co-Chief Executive
Officer of Ares Strategic Income Fund. Michael Smith is a member of the Ares Credit Group’s U.S. Direct Lending and Commercial Finance
Investment Committees, the Ivy Hill Asset Management Investment Committee, the Ares Private Equity Group’s Special Opportunities
Investment Committee, the Ares Secondaries Group’s Private Equity Investment Committee, and the Ares Infrastructure Group’s
Infrastructure Group’s Infrastructure Opportunities, Climate Infrastructure Partners and Infrastructure Debt Investment Committees.
Prior to joining Ares in 2004, Michael Smith was a Partner at RBC Capital Partners, a division of Royal Bank of Canada, which led the
firm’s middle market financing and principal investment business. Previously, Michael Smith worked at Indosuez Capital in their
Merchant Banking Group, Kenter, Glastris & Company, and at Salomon Brothers Inc., in their Debt Capital Markets Group and Financial
Institutions Group. Michael Smith serves on the Board of Directors of the University of Notre Dame’s Wilson Sheehan Lab for Economic
Opportunity (LEO), which helps service providers apply scientific evaluation methods to better understand and share effective poverty
interventions. Michael Smith received a B.S. in Business Administration from the University of Notre Dame and a Masters in Management
from Northwestern University’s Kellogg Graduate School of Management.
Bryan
Donohoe
Bryan
Donohoe is a Partner and Co-Head of Ares U.S. Real Estate. Bryan Donohoe is also the Chief Executive Officer of Ares Commercial Real Estate
Corporation. Additionally, Bryan Donohoe serves on the Ares Real Estate Global Investment Committee and the Ares Real Estate Debt Investment
Committee. Prior to joining Ares in 2019, Bryan Donohoe was a Managing Director for Commercial Real Estate Debt in AllianceBernstein’s
Real Estate Investment Group. Previously, Bryan Donohoe was a Senior Professional at Ranieri Real Estate Partners. In addition, Bryan
Donohoe spent 10 years at Deutsche Bank, where Bryan Donohoe focused on originating, structuring and closing of first mortgage loans,
B notes and mezzanine debt. Bryan Donohoe holds a B.A. from Middlebury College in Political Science.
Boris
Okuliar
Boris
Okuliar is a Partner, Portfolio Manager and Co-Head of Global Liquid Credit in the Ares Credit Group. Boris Okuliar serves as a member
of the Ares Credit Group’s European Liquid Credit and European Direct Lending Investment Committees. Prior to joining Ares in 2016,
Boris Okuliar was a Managing Director and Head of Capital Markets for Global Market Strategies at The Carlyle Group, where Boris Okuliar
focused on sourcing credit investment opportunities from banks and sponsors, syndicating excess risk, and developing new business opportunities.
Previously, Boris Okuliar was Head of Leveraged Capital Markets for UBS, where Boris Okuliar focused on the structuring and market execution
of leveraged loans, bridge financing and high yield bond placements. In addition, Boris Okuliar was Head of High Yield Capital Markets
and Syndicate at Barclays Capital in London. Boris Okuliar has also worked for Banc of America Securities in Syndicated Finance and High
Yield Capital Markets in the U.S. and London. Boris Okuliar holds a B.S.B.A. from Georgetown University with a double major in Finance
and International Business, and is a graduate of the Advanced Management Program at Harvard Business School.
Control
Persons
A
control person generally is a person who beneficially owns more than 25% of the voting securities of a company or has the power to exercise
control over the management or policies of such company. To the knowledge of the Fund, as of March 31, 2023, no persons were deemed to
control the Fund.
Administrative
Services
Pursuant
to the CAM Administration Agreement, CAM furnishes the Fund with office equipment and clerical, bookkeeping and record keeping services
at the Fund’s office facilities. Under the CAM Administration Agreement, the Fund is obligated to reimburse CAM, at cost, based
upon the Fund’s allocable portion of CAM’s overhead and other expenses (including travel expenses) incurred by CAM in performing
its obligations under the CAM Administration Agreement, including the Fund’s allocable portion of the compensation of certain of
its officers (including but not limited to the chief compliance officer, chief financial officer, chief accounting officer, general counsel,
treasurer and assistant treasurer) and their respective staffs. The CAM Administration Agreement may be terminated by either party without
penalty upon 60 days’ written notice to the other party. The total expenses incurred under the CAM Administration Agreement
for the year ended December 31, 2022 were approximately $1,774,000.
Pursuant
to the ALPS Administration Agreement, ALPS Fund Services performs, or administers the performance of, certain of the Fund’s
required administrative services, which include, among other things, providing administrative assistance in accounting, legal, compliance,
and operations, preparing the financial records that the Fund is required to maintain and preparing reports to the Fund’s Shareholders
and reports filed with the SEC. In addition, ALPS Fund Services coordinates the preparation and filing of the Fund’s tax returns
and generally coordinates the payment of the Fund’s expenses and the performance of administrative and professional services rendered
to the Fund by others. The total expenses incurred under the ALPS Administration Agreement for the year ended December 31, 2022 were
approximately $2,456,000.
Distribution
Fee
Class W
Shares will pay to the Distributor a Distribution Fee that will accrue at an annual rate equal to 0.50% of the Fund’s average daily
net assets attributable to Class W Shares and is payable on a quarterly basis. See “Plan of Distribution.”
Indemnification
The
Investment Advisory Agreement and Investment Sub-Advisory Agreement provide that, absent willful misfeasance, bad faith or gross negligence
in the performance of its duties or by reason of the reckless disregard of its duties and obligations, the Advisors, their members and
their respective officers, managers, partners, agents, employees, controlling persons, members and any other person or entity affiliated
with any of them are entitled to indemnification from the Fund for any damages, liabilities, costs and expenses (including reasonable
attorneys’ fees and amounts reasonably paid in settlement) arising out of or otherwise based upon the performance of any of the
Advisors’ duties or obligations under the Investment Advisory Agreement and Investment Sub-Advisory Agreement or otherwise as an
investment advisor or investment sub-advisor of the Fund.
Custodians,
Distribution Paying Agent, Transfer Agent and Registrar
State
Street Bank and Trust Company, which has its principal office at Channel Center, 1 Iron Street, Boston, MA, 02210, serves as custodian
for the Fund.
SS&C
GIDS, Inc., which has its principal office at 333 W 11th Street, 5th Floor, Kansas City, MO 64105, serves as the Fund’s distribution
paying agent, transfer agent and registrar.
FUND
EXPENSES
The
Advisors bear all of their own costs incurred in providing investment advisory and sub-advisory services to the Fund. As described below,
however, the Fund bears all other expenses incurred in the business and operation of the Fund, including amounts that the Fund reimburses
to CAM and ALPS Fund Services for certain administrative services that CAM and ALPS Fund Services provide or arrange to be provided
to the Fund.
Expenses
borne directly by the Fund include:
•
corporate,
organizational and offering costs relating to offerings of Shares and Preferred Shares;
•
the
cost of calculating the NAV of Shares, including the cost of any third-party pricing or valuation services;
•
the
cost of effecting sales and repurchases of Shares and other securities;
•
the
Management Fee and Incentive Fee;
•
investment
related expenses (e.g., expenses
that, in the Advisors’ discretion, are related to the investment of the Fund’s assets, whether or not such investments are
consummated), including, as applicable, brokerage commissions, borrowing charges on securities sold short, clearing and settlement charges,
recordkeeping, interest expense, dividends on securities sold but not yet purchased, margin fees, investment related travel and lodging
expenses and research-related expenses;
•
professional
fees relating to investments, including expenses of consultants, investment bankers, attorneys, accountants and other experts;
•
fees
and expenses relating to software tools, programs or other technology (including risk management software, fees to risk management services
providers, third-party software licensing, implementation, data management and recovery services and custom development costs);
•
research
and market data (including news and quotation equipment and services, and any computer hardware and connectivity hardware (e.g.,
telephone and fiber optic lines) incorporated into the cost of obtaining such research and market data);
•
all
costs and charges for equipment or services used in communicating information regarding the Fund’s transactions among the Advisors
and any custodian or other agent engaged by the Fund;
•
transfer
agent and custodial fees;
•
Distributor
costs;
•
fees
and expenses associated with marketing efforts;
•
federal
and any state registration or notification fees;
•
federal,
state and local taxes;
•
fees
and expenses of Trustees not also serving in an executive officer capacity for the Fund or the Advisors;
•
the
costs of preparing, printing and mailing reports and other communications, including tender offer correspondence or similar materials,
to Shareholders;
•
fidelity
bond, Trustees and officers errors and omissions liability insurance and other insurance premiums;
•
direct
costs such as printing, mailing, long distance telephone and staff;
•
overhead
costs, including rent, office supplies, utilities and capital equipment;
•
legal
expenses (including those expenses associated with preparing the Fund’s public filings, attending and preparing for Board meetings,
as applicable, and generally serving as counsel to the Fund);
•
external
accounting expenses (including fees and disbursements and expenses related to the annual audit of the Fund and the preparation of the
Fund’s tax information);
•
any
costs and expenses associated with or related to due diligence performed with respect to the Fund’s offering of its shares, including
but not limited to, costs associated with or related to due diligence activities performed by, on behalf of, or for the benefit of broker-dealers,
registered investment advisors, and third-party due diligence providers;
•
costs
associated with reporting and compliance obligations under the 1940 Act and applicable federal and state securities laws, including compliance
with The Sarbanes-Oxley Act of 2002;
•
all
other expenses incurred by the Fund, CAM and ALPS Fund Services in connection with administering the Fund’s business, including
expenses incurred by CAM and ALPS Fund Services in performing administrative services for the Fund and administrative personnel paid
by CAM and ALPS Fund Services, to the extent they are not controlling persons of CAM and ALPS Fund Services or any of their
respective affiliates, subject to the limitations included in the Administration Agreements; and
•
any
expenses incurred outside of the ordinary course of business, including, without limitation, costs incurred in connection with any claim,
litigation, arbitration, mediation, government investigation or similar proceeding and indemnification expenses as provided for in the
Fund’s organizational documents.
Further,
Class W Shares are subject to a 0.50% Distribution Fee.
It
is also understood and agreed that if persons associated with the Advisors or any of their affiliates, including persons who are officers
of the Fund, provide accounting, legal, clerical or administrative services to the Fund at the request of the Fund, the Fund will reimburse
the Advisors and their affiliates for their costs in providing such accounting, legal, clerical or administrative services to the Fund
(which costs may include an allocation of overhead including rent and the allocable portion of the salaries and benefits of the relevant
persons and their respective staffs, including travel expenses), using a methodology for determining costs approved by the Board. Nothing
contained herein shall be construed to restrict the Fund’s right to hire its own employees or to contract for services to be performed
by third parties.
Except
as otherwise described in this prospectus, the Advisors and ALPS Fund Services will be reimbursed by the Fund, as applicable, for
any of the above expenses that they pay on behalf of the Fund, including administrative expenses they incur on the Fund’s behalf.
Expense
Support and Conditional Reimbursement Agreement
The
Advisor and the Fund have entered into the Expense Support and Conditional Reimbursement Agreement under which the Advisor may voluntarily
determine to provide an Expense Payment to the Fund to the extent that it deems appropriate in order to ensure that the Fund bears an
appropriate level of expenses. The Expense Support and Conditional Reimbursement Agreement will remain in effect at least until July 31,
2023, unless and until the Board approves its modification or termination. The Expense Support and Conditional Reimbursement Agreement
may be renewed for additional one-year terms by the mutual agreement of the Advisor and the Fund. Prior to July 31, 2019, the Advisor
had agreed contractually to reimburse the Fund’s initial organizational and offering costs, as well as the Fund’s operating
expenses, to the extent that aggregate distributions made to the Fund’s shareholders during the applicable quarter exceeded the
sum of (i) the Fund’s net investment Fund taxable income (including net short-term capital gains reduced by net long-term capital
losses); (ii) the Fund’s net capital gains (including the excess of net long-term capital gains over net short-term capital
losses); and (iii) dividends and other distributions paid to or otherwise earned by the Fund on account of investments in portfolio
companies (to the extent such amounts listed in clause (iii) are not included under clauses (i) and (ii) above).
An
Advisor Reimbursement will be made only if and to the extent that (i) it is payable not more than three years from the last
business day of the calendar quarter in which the applicable Expense Payment was made by the Advisor; (ii) the Advisory Reimbursement
does not cause Other Fund Operating Expenses (as defined herein) (on an annualized basis and net of any reimbursements received by
the Fund during such fiscal year) during the applicable quarter to exceed the percentage of the Fund’s average net assets
attributable
to Class W Shares represented by Other Fund Operating Expenses (on an annualized basis) during the quarter in which the applicable
Expense Payment from the Advisor was made; and (iii) the distributions per share declared by the Fund for the applicable class at
the time of the applicable Expense Payment are less than the effective rate of distributions per share for such class at the time the
Advisor Reimbursement would be paid.
Other
Fund Operating Expenses is defined as the Fund’s total Operating Expenses (as defined below), excluding the Management and
Incentive fees, offering expenses, financing fees and costs, interest expense and extraordinary expenses. “Operating Expenses”
means all operating costs and expenses incurred by the Fund, as determined in accordance with generally accepted accounting principles
for investment companies.
Offering
Costs
All
offering costs of the Fund paid by the Advisor shall be subject to reimbursement pursuant to the Expense Support and Conditional Reimbursement
Agreement.
MANAGEMENT
AND INCENTIVE FEES
Pursuant
to the Investment Advisory Agreement, and in consideration of the advisory services provided by the Advisor to the Fund, the Advisor is
entitled to a fee consisting of two components — the Management Fee and the Incentive Fee. Pursuant to the Investment
Sub-Advisory Agreement, the Advisor pays the Sub-Advisor 40% of the Management Fee and Incentive Fee actually received and retained and
not otherwise used to support expenses.
Management
Fee
The
Management Fee is calculated and payable monthly in arrears at the annual rate of 1.25% of the average daily value of the Fund’s
Managed Assets. “Managed Assets” means the total assets of the Fund (including any assets attributable to any preferred shares
that may be issued or to indebtedness) minus the Fund’s liabilities other than liabilities relating to indebtedness. The Management
Fees incurred during the fiscal year ended December 31, 2022 was approximately $40,784,000.
Incentive
Fee
The
Incentive Fee is calculated and payable quarterly in arrears based upon “pre-incentive fee net investment income” attributable
to each class of the Fund’s Shares for the immediately preceding fiscal quarter, and is subject to a hurdle rate, expressed as a
rate of return based on each class’s average daily net asset value (calculated in accordance with GAAP), equal to 1.50% per quarter
(or an annualized hurdle rate of 6.00%), subject to a “catch-up” feature. For this purpose, “pre-incentive fee net investment
income” means interest income, dividend income and any other income accrued during the fiscal quarter, minus each class’s
operating expenses for the quarter and the distribution and/or shareholder servicing fees (if any) applicable to each class accrued during
the fiscal quarter. For such purposes, the Fund’s operating expenses will include the Management Fee, expenses reimbursed to CAM
under the CAM Administration Agreement, by and between the Fund and CAM, and any interest expense and distributions paid on any issued
and outstanding Preferred Shares, but will exclude the Incentive Fee.
Thus,
the calculation of the Incentive Fee for each fiscal quarter is as follows:
•
No
Incentive Fee is payable in any fiscal quarter in which the applicable pre-incentive fee net investment income attributable to the applicable
share class does not exceed the quarterly hurdle rate of 1.50% of such class’s average daily net assets (calculated in accordance
with GAAP), or 6.00% annualized;
•
100%
of the pre-incentive fee net investment income attributable to the applicable share class, if any, that exceeds the hurdle rate but is
less than or equal to 1.765% of such class’s average daily net asset value (calculated in accordance with GAAP) in any fiscal quarter
(7.06% annualized) is payable to the Advisor; and
•
15%
of the pre-incentive fee net investment income attributable to the applicable share class, if any, that exceeds 1.765% of such class’s
average daily net assets (calculated in accordance with GAAP) in any fiscal quarter (7.06% annualized) is payable to the Advisor (i.e.
once the hurdle rate is reached and the catch-up is achieved).
The
following is a graphical representation of the calculation of the Incentive Fee:
Quarterly
Incentive Fee
Class’s pre-incentive fee net investment income
(expressed as a percentage of the Class’s average
daily net asset value)
Percentage
of each Class’s pre-incentive fee net investment income allocated to the Incentive Fee.
These
calculations will be appropriately prorated for any period of less than three months. During the year ended December 31, 2022,
all Share classes of the Fund incurred a total of approximately $20,043,000 in incentive fees.
Approval
of the Investment Advisory Agreement and Sub-Advisory Agreement
Such
approval of the Investment Advisory Agreement was made in accordance with, and on the basis of an evaluation satisfactory to the Board,
as required by Section 15(c) of the 1940 Act and the applicable rules and regulations thereunder, including consideration of, among
other factors, (i) the nature, quality and extent of the services provided by CAM under the Investment Advisory Agreement; (ii) the
investment performance of the Fund, CAM; (iii) comparative information with respect to advisory fees and other expenses paid by other
comparable investment companies; and (iv) information about the services performed by CAM and the personnel of CAM providing such
services under the Investment Advisory Agreement.
Such
approval of the Investment Sub-Advisory Agreement was made in accordance with, and on the basis of an evaluation satisfactory to the Board,
as required by Section 15(c) of the 1940 Act and the applicable rules and regulations thereunder, including consideration of, among
other factors, (i) the nature, quality and extent of the services provided by Ares Capital under the Investment Sub-Advisory Agreement;
(ii) the investment performance of the Fund, Ares Capital; (iii) comparative information with respect to advisory fees and other
expenses paid by other comparable investment companies; and (iv) information about the services performed by Ares Capital and the
personnel of Ares Capital providing such services under the Investment Sub-Advisory Agreement.
A
discussion of the basis for the Board’s renewal of the Investment Advisory Agreement and Investment Sub-Advisory Agreement can be
found in the Fund’s Semi-Annual Report dated June 30, 2022.
DETERMINATION
OF NET ASSET VALUE
The
Board has designated the Advisor as the Fund’s valuation designee for purposes of Rule 2a-5 under the 1940 Act. NAV per Share
will be determined daily by the Advisor on each day the NYSE is open for trading or at such other times as the Board may determine. NAV
per Share is determined, on a class-specific basis, by dividing the total value of the Fund’s net assets attributable to the applicable
class by the total number of Fund Shares of such class outstanding. The Fund’s net assets are determined by subtracting any
liabilities (including borrowings for investment purposes) from the total value of its portfolio investments and other assets. Each Class A
Share will be offered at NAV plus the applicable sales load, while each Class C Share will be offered at NAV. The Fund’s net
assets are available to holders of Preferred Shares (if any) and Shares. If any Preferred Shares are outstanding, net assets available
for the Shareholders is determined by deducting from net assets the liquidation preference and any accrued dividends on the Preferred
Shares.
Bank
loans, including syndicated loans, are valued by using readily available market quotations or another commercially reasonable method selected
by an independent, third party pricing service that has been approved by the Advisor, or, if such independent, third-party valuations
are not available, by using broker quotations.
Corporate
Bonds and CLOs, and certain other domestic debt securities, are valued at the last reported bid prices supplied by an independent, third
party pricing service that has been approved by the Advisor. If the last reported bid price is not readily available or is otherwise deemed
to be unreliable by the Advisor, then such securities are valued at fair value pursuant to procedures approved by the Board.
If
they are traded on the valuation date, equity securities that are listed or traded on a national exchange will be valued at the last quoted
sale price. Likewise, equity securities that are traded on NASDAQ will be valued at the NASDAQ official closing price if the securities
are traded on the valuation date. If securities are listed on more than one exchange, and if the securities are traded on the valuation
date, they will be valued at the last quoted sale price on the exchange on which the security is principally traded. If there is no sale
of the security on the valuation date, the Advisor will value the securities at the last reported sale price, unless the Advisor believes
such price no longer represents the fair market value and elects to value the security at fair value pursuant to procedures approved by
the Board. If the validity of such quoted prices appears to be questionable or if such quoted prices are not readily available, then the
securities will be valued at fair value pursuant to procedures approved by the Board. Market quotations may be deemed not to represent
fair value in certain circumstances where the Advisor reasonably believes that facts and circumstances applicable to an issuer, seller
or purchaser or to the market for a particular security cause current market quotations not to reflect the fair value of the security.
Examples of these events could include situations in which material events are announced after the close of the market on which a security
is primarily traded, a security trades infrequently causing a quoted purchase or sale price to become stale, or a security’s trading
has been halted or suspended.
The
value of swaps, including credit default swaps, total return swaps and interest rate swaps will be determined by obtaining at least one
dealer quotation (including information from counterparties) or valuations from third-party pricing services. If no quotations or valuations
are available, or if such quotations or valuations are believed to be unreliable, swaps will be fair valued pursuant to procedures approved
by the Board.
Generally,
trading in U.S. Government securities and money market instruments is substantially completed each day at various times prior to the close
of business on the NYSE. The values of such securities used in computing the NAV of the Fund’s Shares are determined as of such
times.
CONFLICTS
OF INTEREST
Certain
of the Fund’s executive officers and trustees, and the employees of the Advisors, serve or may serve as officers, trustees or principals
of entities that operate in the same or a related line of business as the Fund or of other Ares- or CION-advised funds (“Other Managed
Funds”). As a result, they have obligations to investors in those entities, the fulfillment of which might not be in the best interests
of the Fund or its Shareholders. Moreover, notwithstanding the difference in principal investment objectives between the Fund and the
Other Managed Funds, such other funds, including potential new pooled investment vehicles or managed accounts not yet established (whether
managed or sponsored by affiliates or the Advisors), have, and may from time to time have, overlapping investment objectives with the
Fund and, accordingly, invest in, whether principally or secondarily, asset classes similar to those targeted by the Fund. To the extent
the Other Managed Funds have overlapping investment objectives, the scope of opportunities otherwise available to the Fund may be adversely
affected and/or reduced. Additionally, certain employees of the Advisors and their management face conflicts in their time management
and commitments as well as in the allocation of investment opportunities to other Ares funds.
The
results of the Fund’s investment activities may differ significantly from the results achieved by the Other Managed Funds. It is
possible that one or more of such funds will achieve investment results that are substantially more or less favorable than the results
achieved by the Fund. Moreover, it is possible that the Fund will sustain losses during periods in which one or more affiliates achieve
significant profits on their trading for proprietary or other accounts. The opposite result is also possible. The investment activities
of one or more Advisor affiliates for their proprietary accounts and accounts under their management may also limit the investment opportunities
for the Fund in certain markets.
The
Advisors may determine that the Fund should invest on a side-by-side basis with one or more Other Managed Funds. In certain circumstances,
negotiated co-investments may be made only in accordance with the terms of the exemptive order Ares received from the SEC (the “Order”).
Co-investments made under the Order are subject to compliance with the conditions and other requirements contained in the Order, which
could limit the Fund’s ability to participate in a co-investment transaction.
In
the event investment opportunities are allocated among the Fund and Other Managed Funds, the Fund may not be able to structure its investment
portfolio in the manner desired. Although the Advisors endeavor to allocate investment opportunities in a fair and equitable manner, the
Fund is not generally permitted to co-invest in any portfolio company in which a fund managed by Ares or any of its downstream affiliates
(other than the Fund and its downstream affiliates) currently has an investment. However, the Fund may co-invest with funds managed by
Ares or any of its downstream affiliates, subject to compliance with existing regulatory guidance, applicable regulations and its allocation
procedures.
From
time to time, the Fund and the Other Managed Funds may make investments at different levels of an issuer’s capital structure or
otherwise in different classes of an issuer’s securities. Such investments inherently give rise to conflicts of interest or perceived
conflicts of interest between or among the various classes of securities that may be held by such entities.
The
Advisors, their affiliates and their clients may pursue or enforce rights with respect to an issuer in which the Fund has invested, and
those activities may have an adverse effect on the Fund. As a result, prices, availability, liquidity and terms of the Fund’s investments
may be negatively impacted by the activities of the Advisors and their affiliates or their clients, and transactions for the Fund may
be impaired or effected at prices or terms that may be less favorable than would otherwise have been the case.
The
Advisors may enter into transactions and invest in securities, instruments and currencies on behalf of the Fund in which customers of
its affiliates, to the extent permitted by applicable law, serve as the counterparty, principal or issuer. In such cases, such party’s
interests in the transaction would generally be adverse to the interests of the Fund, and such party would have no incentive to assure
that the Fund obtains the best possible prices or terms in connection with the transaction. In addition, the purchase, holding and sale
of such investments by the Fund may enhance the profitability of the Advisors or their affiliates. One or more affiliates may also create,
write or issue Derivatives for their customers, the underlying securities, currencies or instruments of which may be those in which the
Fund invests or which
may
be based on the performance of the Fund. The Fund may, subject to applicable law, purchase investments that are the subject of an underwriting
or other distribution by one or more Advisor affiliates and may also enter into transactions with other clients of an affiliate where
such other clients have interests adverse to those of the Fund.
The
Fund will be required to establish business relationships with its counterparties based on the Fund’s own credit standing. Neither
the Advisors nor any of their affiliates will have any obligation to allow its credit to be used in connection with the Fund’s establishment
of its business relationships, nor is it expected that the Fund’s counterparties will rely on the credit of the Advisors or their
affiliates in evaluating the Fund’s creditworthiness.
The
Advisors are paid a fee based on a percentage of the Fund’s Managed Assets. The participation of the Advisors’ investment
professionals in the valuation process therefore results in a conflict of interest. The Advisors also have a conflict of interest in deciding
whether to cause the Fund to incur leverage or to invest in more speculative investments or financial instruments, which increase the
assets or the yield of the Fund and, accordingly, the Management Fees or Incentive Fees received by the Advisors. Certain other Ares-advised
funds pay the Advisors or their affiliates performance-based compensation, which could create an incentive for the Advisors or affiliate
to favor such investment fund or account over the Fund.
By
reason of the various activities of the Advisors and their affiliates, the Advisors and such affiliates may acquire confidential or material
non-public information or otherwise be restricted from purchasing certain potential Fund investments that otherwise might have been purchased
or be restricted from selling certain Fund investments that might otherwise have been sold at the time.
The
Advisors have adopted policies and procedures designed to prevent conflicts of interest from influencing proxy voting decisions made on
behalf of advisory clients, including the Fund, and to help ensure that such decisions are made in accordance with its fiduciary obligations
to clients. Nevertheless, notwithstanding such proxy voting policies and procedures, actual proxy voting decisions may have the effect
of favoring the interests of other clients, provided that the Advisors believe such voting decisions to be in accordance with its fiduciary
obligations.
SHARE
REPURCHASE PROGRAM
The
Fund does not currently intend to list its Shares on any securities exchange and does not expect any secondary market for them to develop
in the foreseeable future. Therefore, Shareholders should expect that they will be unable to sell their Shares for an indefinite time
or at a desired price. No Shareholder will have the right to require the Fund to repurchase such Shareholder’s Shares or any portion
thereof. Shareholders may not transfer their investment from the Fund to any other registered investment company. Because no public market
exists for the Shares, and none is expected to develop in the foreseeable future, Shareholders will not be able to liquidate their investment,
other than through the Fund’s share repurchase program, or, in limited circumstances, as a result of transfers of Shares to other
investors.
To
provide Shareholders with limited liquidity, the Fund is structured as an “interval fund” and intends to conduct quarterly
offers to repurchase between 5% and 25% of its outstanding Shares at NAV, pursuant to Rule 23c-3 under the 1940 Act, unless such
offer is suspended or postponed in accordance with regulatory requirements (as discussed below). In connection with any given repurchase
offer, it is expected the Fund will offer to repurchase only the minimum amount of 5% of its outstanding Shares. Additionally, in connection
with the Fund’s issuance of the MRP Shares, if a quarterly repurchase of Shares would cause the Fund to be below certain asset coverage
limits or if the Fund fails to satisfy certain other requirements, such quarterly repurchase offer of Shares shall not exceed 5% of the
outstanding Shares. See “Description of Capital Structure — MRP Shares” for additional information.
Quarterly
repurchases occur in the months of March, June, September and December. The offer to purchase Shares is a fundamental policy that
may not be changed without the vote of the holders of a majority of the Fund’s outstanding voting securities (as defined in the
1940 Act). The Repurchase Offer Notice is sent to Shareholders at least 21 calendar days before the Repurchase Request Deadline. The Fund
expects to determine the NAV applicable to repurchases on the Repurchase Request Deadline. However, the NAV will be calculated no later
than the Repurchase Pricing Date. The Fund expects to distribute payment to Shareholders between one and three business days after the
Repurchase Pricing Date and will distribute such payment no later than seven calendar days after such Date. The Fund’s Shares are
not listed on any securities exchange, and the Fund anticipates that no secondary market will develop for its Shares. Accordingly, you
may not be able to sell Shares when and/or in the amount that you desire. Thus, the Shares are appropriate only as a long-term investment.
In addition, the Fund’s repurchase offers may subject the Fund and Shareholders to special risks.
Determination
of Repurchase Offer Amount
The
Board, or a committee thereof, in its sole discretion, will determine the number of Shares that the Fund will offer to repurchase (the
“Repurchase Offer Amount”) for a given Repurchase Request Deadline. The Repurchase Offer Amount, however, will be no less
than 5% and no more than 25% of the total number of Shares outstanding on the Repurchase Request Deadline.
If
Shareholders tender for repurchase more than the Repurchase Offer Amount for a given repurchase offer, the Fund will repurchase the Shares
on a pro rata basis. However, the Fund may accept all Shares tendered for repurchase by Shareholders who own less than one hundred
Shares and who tender all of their Shares, before prorating other amounts tendered.
Notice
to Shareholders
No
less than 21 days and more than 42 days before each Repurchase Request Deadline, the Fund shall send to each Shareholder of
record and to each beneficial owner of the Shares that are the subject of the repurchase offer a notification (“Shareholder Notification”).
The Shareholder Notification will contain information Shareholders should consider in deciding whether to tender their Shares for repurchase.
The Shareholder Notification also will include detailed instructions on how to tender Shares for repurchase, state the Repurchase Offer
Amount and identify the dates of the Repurchase Request Deadline, the scheduled Repurchase Pricing Date, and the date the repurchase proceeds
are scheduled for payment (the “Repurchase Payment Deadline”). The Shareholder Notification also will set forth the NAV that
has been computed no more than seven days before the date of notification, and how Shareholders may ascertain the NAV after the notification
date.
Repurchase
Price
The
repurchase price of the Shares will be the NAV of the Share class as of the close of regular trading on the NYSE on the Repurchase Pricing
Date. You may call 888-729-4266 to learn the NAV. The Shareholder Notification also will provide information concerning the NAV, such
as the NAV as of a recent date or a sampling of recent NAVs, and a toll-free number for information regarding the repurchase offer.
Repurchase
Amounts and Payment of Proceeds
Shares
tendered for repurchase by Shareholders prior to any Repurchase Request Deadline will be repurchased subject to the aggregate Repurchase
Offer Amount established for that Repurchase Request Deadline. Payment pursuant to the repurchase offer will be made by check to the Shareholder’s
address of record, or credited directly to a predetermined bank account on the Purchase Payment Date, which will be no more than seven
days after the Repurchase Pricing Date. The Board may establish other policies for repurchases of shares that are consistent with the
1940 Act, regulations thereunder and other pertinent laws.
If
Shareholders tender for repurchase more than the Repurchase Offer Amount for a given repurchase offer, the Fund may, but is not required
to, repurchase an additional amount of Shares not to exceed 2.00% of the outstanding Shares of the Fund on the Repurchase Request Deadline.
If the Fund determines not to repurchase more than the Repurchase Offer Amount, or if Shareholders tender shares in an amount exceeding
the Repurchase Offer Amount plus 2.00% of the outstanding Shares on the Repurchase Request Deadline, the Fund will repurchase the Shares
on a pro rata basis. However, the Fund may accept all Shares tendered for repurchase by Shareholders who own less than one hundred
Shares and who tender all of their Shares, before prorating other amounts tendered.
With
respect to any required minimum distributions from an IRA or other qualified retirement plan, it is the obligation of the Shareholder
to determine the amount of any such required minimum distribution and to otherwise satisfy the required minimum. In the event that Shareholders
tender for repurchase more than the Repurchase Offer Amount for a given repurchase offer, the Fund will repurchase the shares on a pro rata
basis, which may result in the Fund not honoring the full amount of a required minimum distribution requested by a Shareholder.
DESCRIPTION
OF CAPITAL STRUCTURE
The
following description is based on relevant portions of the Delaware Statutory Trust Act, as amended, and on the Declaration of Trust and
bylaws. This summary is not intended to be complete. Please refer to the Delaware Statutory Trust Act, as amended, and the Declaration
of Trust and bylaws, copies of which have been filed as exhibits to the registration statement of which this prospectus forms a part,
for a more detailed description of the provisions summarized below.
Shares
of Beneficial Interest
The
Declaration of Trust authorizes the Fund’s issuance of an unlimited number of common shares of beneficial interest of each class,
par value $0.001 per share. There is currently no market for Shares and the Fund does not expect that a market for Shares will develop
in the foreseeable future. Pursuant to the Declaration of Trust and as permitted by Delaware law, Shareholders are entitled to the same
limitation of personal liability extended to stockholders of private corporations organized for profit under the General Corporation Law
of the State of Delaware, as amended (the “DGCL”), and therefore generally will not be personally liable for the Fund’s
debts or obligations.
Shares
Under
the terms of the Declaration of Trust, all Shares, when consideration for Shares is received by the Fund, will be fully paid and nonassessable.
Distributions may be paid to Shareholders if, as and when authorized and declared by the Board. Shares will have no preference, preemptive,
appraisal, conversion or redemption rights, and will be freely transferable, except where their transfer is restricted by law or contract.
The Declaration of Trust provides that the Board shall have the power to repurchase or redeem Shares and provide Shareholders with the
right to exchange Shares of any class for Shares of one or more other classes in the manner and on the terms described herein. In the
event of the Fund’s dissolution, after the Fund pays or adequately provides for the payment of all claims and obligations of the
Fund, and upon the receipt of such releases, indemnities and refunding agreements deemed necessary by the Board, each Share will be entitled
to receive, according to its respective rights, a pro rata portion of the Fund’s assets available for distribution for the
applicable class, subject to any preferential rights of holders of the Fund’s outstanding Preferred Shares, if any. Each whole Share
will be entitled to one vote as to any matter on which it is entitled to vote and each fractional Share will be entitled to a proportionate
fractional vote. However, to the extent required by the 1940 Act or otherwise determined by the Board, classes of the Fund will vote separately
from each other. Shareholders shall be entitled to vote on all matters on which a vote of Shareholders is required by the 1940 Act, the
Declaration of Trust or a resolution of the Board. There will be no cumulative voting in the election or removal of Trustees. Under the
Declaration of Trust, the Fund is not required to hold annual meetings of Shareholders. The Fund only expects to hold Shareholder meetings
to the extent required by the 1940 Act or pursuant to special meetings called by the Board or a majority of Shareholders.
Preferred
Shares and Other Securities
The
Declaration of Trust provides that the Board may, subject to the Fund’s investment policies and restrictions and the requirements
of the 1940 Act, authorize and cause the Fund to issue securities of the Fund other than Shares (including Preferred Shares, debt securities
or other senior securities), by action of the Board without the approval of Shareholders. The Board may determine the terms, rights, preferences,
privileges, limitations and restrictions of such securities as the Board sees fit.
Preferred
Shares could be issued with rights and preferences that would adversely affect Shareholders. Preferred Shares could also be used as an
anti-takeover device. Every issuance of Preferred Shares will be required to comply with the requirements of the 1940 Act. The 1940 Act
requires, among other things, that (i) immediately after issuance of Preferred Shares and before any distribution is made with respect
to the Shares and before any purchase of Shares is made, the aggregate involuntary liquidation preference of such Preferred Shares together
with the aggregate involuntary liquidation preference or aggregate value of all other senior securities must not exceed an amount equal
to 50% of the Fund’s total assets after deducting the amount of such distribution or purchase price, as the case may be; and (ii) the
holders of Preferred
Shares,
if any are issued, must be entitled as a class to elect two Trustees at all times and to elect a majority of the Trustees if distributions
on such Preferred Shares are in arrears by two years or more. Certain matters under the 1940 Act require the separate vote of the
holders of any issued and outstanding Preferred Shares.
MRP
Shares
On
July 30, 2021, the Fund issued 2,400,000 Series A Mandatory Redeemable Preferred Shares (“Series A MRP Shares”).
On September 30, 2021, the Fund issued 3,600,000 Series B Mandatory Redeemable Preferred Shares (“Series B MRP Shares”)
and 6,000,000 Series C Mandatory Redeemable Preferred Shares (“Series C MRP Shares”). On January 6, 2022, the
Fund issued 2,200,000 Series D Mandatory Redeemable Preferred Shares (“Series D MRP Shares”) and 2,600,000 Series E
Mandatory Redeemable Preferred Shares (“Series E MRP Shares”). Certain rights, terms and conditions of the MRP Shares
are summarized below:
Priority. Each
holder of MRP Shares is entitled to a liquidation preference of $25.00 per share (the “Liquidation Value”), plus additional
amounts described under “Liquidation” below. With respect to distributions, including the payment of dividends and distribution
of the Fund’s assets upon dissolution, liquidation or winding up, the MRP Shares are senior to all other classes and series of common
shares of beneficial interest and rank on parity with any other Preferred Shares. Holders of the MRP Shares will not, however, participate
in any appreciation in the value of the Fund. The consent of the holders of the outstanding Preferred Shares is not required to authorize
or issue any class or series of Preferred Shares ranking on parity with the MRP Shares.
Dividends. The
holders of MRP Shares are entitled to receive quarterly cumulative cash dividends, when, as and if authorized by the Board and declared
by the Fund, out of funds legally available therefor, at the rate per annum equal to the Applicable Rate, as defined below, with certain
adjustments for changes in a series’ rating, and no more, of the Liquidation Value, payable quarterly, beginning on the initial
dividend payment date of November 1, 2021 for the Series A MRP Shares, February 1, 2022 for the Series B MRP Shares
and Series C MRP Shares, and April 7, 2022 for the Series D MRP Shares and Series E MRP Shares. For Series A
MRP Shares, Series B MRP Shares and Series C MRP Shares, dividends will then be payable on the first business day of the month
next following each of the following dates: 31st
day of each January, the 30th
day of each April, the 31st
day of each July and the 31st
day of each October. For Series D MRP Shares and Series E MRP Shares, dividends will then be payable on the first business day
of the month next following each of the following dates: 6th
day of each January, the 6th
day of each April, the 6th
day of each July and the 6th
day of each October. Dividends on MRP Shares accumulate from and including the original issue date.
Each
dividend on MRP Shares will be paid on the dividend payment date therefor to the holders as their names appear on the share ledger or
share records of the Fund at the close of business on the fifth day prior to the quarterly dividend date (or if such day is not a business
day, the next preceding business day). Dividends in arrears for any past dividend period may be declared and paid at any time, without
reference to any regular dividend payment date, to the holders as their names appear on the share ledger or share records of the Fund
at the close of business on a date, not exceeding five days preceding the payment date thereof, as may be fixed by the Board. No interest
will be payable in respect of any dividend payment or payments which may be in arrears; provided, however, that the dividend rate may
be increased in such circumstances.
So
long the rating of each series of the MRP Shares remains the same, the dividend rate on the MRP Shares will be 2.68% for Series A
MRP Shares, 2.68% for Series B MRP Shares, 3.07% for Series C MRP Shares, 2.96% for Series D MRP Shares and 3.48% for Series E
MRP Shares (collectively, the “Applicable Rate”).
Voting. Except
for matters which do not require the vote of holders of MRP Shares under the 1940 Act and except as otherwise provided in the Declaration
of Trust or bylaws, or as otherwise required by applicable law, each holder of MRP Shares shall be entitled to one vote for each MRP Share
held on each matter submitted to a vote of shareholders of the Fund, and holders of outstanding Preferred Shares and Shares shall vote
together as a single class on all matters submitted to shareholders; provided, however,
that
the holders of outstanding Preferred Shares shall be entitled, as a class, to the exclusion of the holders of shares of all other classes
of beneficial interests of the Fund, to elect two Trustees of the Fund at all times. In addition, the holders of the outstanding Preferred
Shares and Shares, voting together as a single class, shall elect the balance of the Trustees; however, the number of Trustees constituting
the Board shall automatically increase by the smallest number that, when added to the two Trustees elected exclusively by the holders
of outstanding Preferred Shares would constitute a majority of the Board as so increased by such smallest number, and the holders of Preferred
Shares shall be entitled, voting as a class on a one vote per share basis (to the exclusion of the holders of all other securities and
classes of shares of the Fund), to elect such smallest number of additional Trustees, together with the two Trustees that such holders
are in any event entitled to elect if: (i) at the close of business on any dividend payment date accumulated dividends (whether or
not earned or declared) on Preferred Shares equal to at least two full years’ dividends shall be due and unpaid; or (ii) if
at any time holders of any shares of Preferred Shares are entitled under the 1940 Act, to elect a majority of the Trustees of the Fund.
Notwithstanding
the foregoing, the affirmative vote of the holders of a majority of the outstanding Preferred Shares, voting as a separate class, and
a majority of the MRP Shares, voting as a separate class, both determined with reference to a “majority of outstanding voting securities”
as that term is defined in Section 2(a)(42) of the 1940 Act, shall be required to create, authorize or issue shares of any class
or series of beneficial interests ranking senior to the Preferred Shares with respect to the payment of dividends or the distribution
of assets, or any securities convertible into, or warrants, options or similar rights to purchase, acquire or receive, such shares of
beneficial interests ranking senior to the Preferred Shares or reclassify any authorized shares of beneficial interests of the Fund into
any shares ranking senior to the Preferred Shares. In addition, the affirmative vote of the holders of a majority of the outstanding Preferred
Shares determined with reference to a “majority of outstanding voting securities” as that term is defined in Section 2(a)(42)
of the 1940 Act, voting as a separate class, shall be required to (i) amend, alter or repeal (including by merger, consolidation
or otherwise) any of the preferences, rights or powers of such class of Preferred Shares so as to adversely affect such preferences, rights
or powers and will not amend any provision of the Declaration of Trust or bylaws in a manner which would restrict or limit the ability
of the Fund to comply with the terms and provisions of the Securities Purchase Agreement; (ii) amend, alter or repeal (including
by merger, consolidation or otherwise) any of the provisions of the Declaration of Trust or bylaws if such amendment, alteration or repeal
would adversely affect any privilege, preference, right or power of the MRP Shares or the holders thereof; and (iii) approve any
plan of reorganization (as such term is used in the 1940 Act) adversely affecting such shares or any action requiring a vote of security
holders of the Fund under Section 13(a) of the 1940 Act.
Redemption. The
outstanding shares of MRP Shares are subject to redemption at any time by notice of such redemption on a date selected by the Fund for
such redemption (the “Redemption Date”). If the Fund elects to cause the redemption of the MRP Shares, each MRP Share will
be redeemed for a price equal to 100% of such share’s Liquidation Value, plus an amount equal to accumulated but unpaid dividends
and other distributions on the MRP Shares (whether or not earned or declared by the Fund, but excluding interest thereon), to, but excluding,
the Redemption Date, plus the amount equal to the excess, if any, of the discounted value of the remaining scheduled payments with respect
to the Liquidation Value of such MRP Share over the amount of such Liquidation Value; provided, however, the Fund may, at its option (i) redeem
the Series A MRP Shares within 90 days prior to July 30, 2026 (the “Series A Term Redemption Date”), (ii) redeem
the Series B MRP Shares within 90 days prior to September 30, 2026 (the “Series B Term Redemption Date”),
(ii) redeem the Series C MRP Shares within 90 days prior to September 30, 2026 (the “Series C Term Redemption
Date”), (ii) redeem the Series D MRP Shares within 90 days prior to January 6, 2027 (the “Series D
Term Redemption Date”), (ii) redeem the Series E MRP Shares within 90 days prior to January 6, 2032 (the “Series E
Term Redemption Date” and collectively with Series A Term Redemption Date, Series B Term Redemption Date, Series C
Term Redemption Date and Series D Term Redemption Date, the “Term Redemption Dates”), each at the Liquidation Value plus
accumulated but unpaid dividends and distributions thereon (whether or not earned or declared by the Fund, but excluding interest thereon)
to, but excluding the Redemption Date.
If
the asset coverage, as determined in accordance with Section 18(h) of the 1940 Act, is less than or equal to 235% for any five business
days within a ten business day period, determined on the basis of values calculated as of a time within 48 hours (not including Sundays
or holidays) next preceding the time of such
determination
within the ten business day period, the Fund, upon not less than 12 days’ nor more than 40 days’ notice, may redeem
the MRP Shares at the Liquidation Value plus accumulated but unpaid dividends and distributions thereon (whether or not earned or declared
by the Fund, but excluding interest thereon) to, but excluding, the date fixed for redemption, plus a redemption amount equal to 2% of
the Liquidation Value; the amount of MRP Shares that may be redeemed under this provision shall not exceed an amount of MRP Shares which
results in asset coverage of more than 250% pro forma for such redemption, determined on the basis of values calculated as of a time
within 48 hours (not including Sundays or holidays) next preceding the time of such determination.
If
the Fund fails to maintain asset coverage of at least 225%, determined on the basis of values calculated as of a time within 48 hours
(not including Sundays or holidays) next preceding the time of such determination, the Fund shall redeem the number of MRP Shares provided
below at the Liquidation Value plus an amount equal to accumulated but unpaid dividends and distributions thereon (whether or not earned
or declared by the Fund, but excluding interest thereon) to, but excluding, the date fixed for redemption, plus a redemption amount equal
to 1% of the Liquidation Value. The number of MRP Shares to be redeemed upon the Fund’s failure to maintain asset coverage of 225%
on any valuation date will be equal to the product of (1) the quotient of the number of MRP Shares divided by the aggregate number
of outstanding Preferred Shares which have an asset coverage test greater than or equal to 225% and (2) the minimum number of outstanding
shares of Preferred Shares the redemption of which would result in the Fund having asset coverage of 225% as of a date that is no more
than 30 days after the date the Fund failed to maintain asset coverage of 225% (provided that, if there is no such number of MRP
Shares the redemption of which would have such result, the Fund shall redeem all MRP Shares then outstanding). The Fund shall effect any
such redemption no later than 40 calendar days after the date the Fund failed to maintain asset coverage of 225%, except for in certain
circumstances. Notwithstanding the foregoing, if the Fund satisfies asset coverage of at least 225% as of a date that is no more than
30 days after the date the Fund failed to maintain asset coverage of 225% before taking into account any redemptions of Preferred
Shares, the Fund shall not be obligated to redeem any shares of Preferred Shares under this provision.
The
Fund shall redeem all outstanding Series A MRP Shares, Series B MRP Shares, Series C MRP Shares, Series D MRP Shares
and Series E MRP Shares on the respective Term Redemption Dates at the Liquidation Value plus an amount equal to accumulated but
unpaid dividends and distributions thereon (whether or not earned or declared by the Fund, but excluding interest thereon), to, but excluding,
the respective Term Redemption Dates.
Subject
to certain conditions, no MRP Shares may be redeemed unless all dividends in arrears on the MRP Shares and all shares of beneficial interests
of the Fund ranking on a parity with the MRP Shares with respect to payment of dividends or upon liquidation have been or are being contemporaneously
paid or set apart for payment; provided, however, that the foregoing shall not prevent the purchase or acquisition by the Fund of all
MRP Shares pursuant to the successful completion of an otherwise lawful purchase, tender or exchange offer made on the same terms to,
and accepted by, Holders of all MRP Shares.
Liquidation. Upon
the dissolution, liquidation or winding up of the affairs of the Fund, whether voluntary or involuntary, the holders of MRP Shares then
outstanding, together with holders of shares of any Preferred Shares ranking on a parity with the MRP Shares upon dissolution, liquidation
or winding up, shall be entitled to receive and to be paid out of the assets of the Fund (or the proceeds thereof) available for distribution
to its shareholders after satisfaction of claims of creditors of the Fund, but before any distribution or payment shall be made in respect
of the Shares, an amount equal to the liquidation preference with respect to such shares. The liquidation preference for MRP Shares shall
be $25.00 per share, plus an amount equal to all accumulated and unpaid dividends thereon (whether or not earned or declared but without
interest) to the date payment of such distribution is made in full. No redemption premium shall be paid upon any liquidation even if such
redemption premium would be paid upon optional or mandatory redemption of the relevant shares. If, upon any liquidation, dissolution or
winding up of the affairs of the Fund, whether voluntary or involuntary, the assets of the Fund available for distribution among the holders
of all outstanding shares of Preferred Shares shall be insufficient to permit the payment in full to holders of the amounts to which they
are entitled, then the available assets shall be distributed among the holders of all outstanding shares of Preferred Shares ratably in
any distribution of assets according to the respective amounts which would be payable on all the shares if all amounts thereon were paid
in full.
Upon
the dissolution, liquidation or winding up of the affairs of the Fund, whether voluntary or involuntary, until payment in full is made
to the holders of MRP Shares of the liquidation distribution to which they are entitled, (1) no dividend or other distribution shall
be made to Shareholders or any other class or series of shares of beneficial interests of the Fund ranking junior to MRP Shares upon dissolution,
liquidation or winding up and (2) no purchase, redemption or other acquisition for any consideration by the Fund shall be made in
respect of the Shares or any other class of shares of beneficial interests of the Fund ranking junior to MRP Shares upon dissolution,
liquidation or winding up. A consolidation, reorganization or merger of the Fund with or into any company, trust or other legal entity,
or a sale, lease or exchange of all or substantially all of the assets of the Fund in consideration for the issuance of equity securities
of another company, trust of other legal entity shall not be deemed to be a liquidation, dissolution or winding up, whether voluntary
or involuntary, for the purposes of these provisions.
Conversion. The
MRP Shares are not convertible into any other class or series of shares.
Transfer
restrictions. The MRP Shares are “restricted securities” for purposes
of the 1933 Act. Accordingly, the MRP Shares may not be offered, sold, transferred or delivered, directly or indirectly, unless (i) such
shares are registered under the 1933 Act and any other applicable state securities laws, or (ii) an exemption from registration under
the 1933 Act and any other applicable state securities laws is available.
Other
Matters. For so long as the MRP Shares are outstanding, the Fund will not declare,
pay or set apart for payment any dividend or other distribution (other than a dividend or distribution paid in shares of, or options,
warrants or rights to subscribe for or purchase, Shares or other shares of beneficial interests, if any, ranking junior to the MRP Shares
as to dividends or upon liquidation) with respect to Shares or any other shares of the Fund ranking junior to or on a parity with the
MRP Shares as to dividends or upon liquidation, or call for redemption, redeem, purchase or otherwise acquire for consideration any Shares
or any other such junior shares (except by conversion into or exchange for shares of the Fund ranking junior to the MRP Shares as to dividends
and upon liquidation) or any such parity shares (except by conversion into or exchange for shares of the Fund ranking junior to or on
a parity with the MRP Shares as to dividends and upon liquidation), unless (1) immediately after such transaction asset coverage
of 225% would be achieved, (2) full cumulative dividends on the MRP Shares due on or prior to the date of the transaction have been
declared and paid, and (3) the Fund has redeemed the full number of MRP Shares required to be redeemed by any provision for mandatory
redemption ((1), (2) and (3) are together the “Requirements”). Notwithstanding the foregoing, the Fund shall not,
at any time, be prohibited or otherwise restricted in its ability to call for redemption, redeem, purchase or otherwise acquire for consideration
its Shares pursuant to its fundamental policy to make quarterly repurchase offers pursuant to Rule 23c-3 of the 1940 Act for between
5% and 25% of the Shares outstanding at net asset value (the “Repurchase Policy”); provided, however, if (i) a quarterly
repurchase of Shares pursuant to the Repurchase Policy and/or Rule 23c-3 of the 1940 Act would cause the Fund to be below asset coverage
of 225% or (ii) the Fund has failed to satisfy (and continues to fail to satisfy) the Requirements and the Fund is required to make
a quarterly repurchase offer of Shares pursuant to the Repurchase Policy and/or Rule 23c-3 of the 1940 Act before the Requirements
are satisfied, such quarterly repurchase offer of Shares shall not exceed 5% of the Shares outstanding, at a price equal to the Fund’s
net asset value (as may be determined in accordance with its valuation policies and procedures) as of the “repurchase pricing date,”
as such term is defined in Rule 23c-3 and as set forth in the applicable repurchase offer documents. Subject to the certain conditions,
the Board may, in the future, authorize the issuance of additional Preferred Shares with the same preferences, rights, voting powers,
restrictions, limitations as to dividends and other distributions, qualifications and terms and conditions of redemption and other terms
applicable to the MRP Shares, except that the initial dividend period, the applicable rate for the initial dividend period and the initial
dividend payment date shall be as set forth in the Supplement to the Declaration of Trust relating to such additional Preferred Shares.
Outstanding
Securities
The
following table shows, for each class of authorized securities of the Fund, the amount of (i) shares authorized and (ii) shares
outstanding, each as of April 21, 2023:
Class
|
|
|
(1)
Amount Authorized |
|
|
(2)
Amount Held by the Fund for its Account |
|
|
(3)
Amount Outstanding Exclusive of Amount Shown Under (2) |
|
Common
Shares |
|
|
|
|
Unlimited |
|
|
|
|
|
0 |
|
|
|
|
|
102,578,359 |
|
|
Series A
Mandatory Redeemable Preferred Shares |
|
|
|
|
2,400,000 |
|
|
|
|
|
0 |
|
|
|
|
|
2,400,000 |
|
|
Series B
Mandatory Redeemable Preferred Shares |
|
|
|
|
3,600,000 |
|
|
|
|
|
0 |
|
|
|
|
|
3,600,000 |
|
|
Series C
Mandatory Redeemable Preferred Shares |
|
|
|
|
6,000,000 |
|
|
|
|
|
0 |
|
|
|
|
|
6,000,000 |
|
|
Series D
Mandatory Redeemable Preferred Shares |
|
|
|
|
2,200,000 |
|
|
|
|
|
0 |
|
|
|
|
|
2,200,000 |
|
|
Series E
Mandatory Redeemable Preferred Shares |
|
|
|
|
2,600,000 |
|
|
|
|
|
0 |
|
|
|
|
|
2,600,000 |
|
|
Limitation
on Liability of Trustees and Officers; Indemnification and Advance of Expenses
Pursuant
to the Declaration of Trust, Trustees and officers of the Fund will not be subject in such capacity to any personal liability to the Fund
or Shareholders, unless the liability arises from bad faith, willful misfeasance, gross negligence or reckless disregard for the Trustee’s
or officer’s duty.
Except
as otherwise provided in the Declaration of Trust, the Fund will indemnify and hold harmless any current or former Trustee or officer
of the Fund against any liabilities and expenses (including reasonable attorneys’ fees relating to the defense or disposition of
any action, suit or proceeding with which such person is involved or threatened), while and with respect to acting in the capacity of
a Trustee or officer of the Fund, except with respect to matters in which such person did not act in good faith in the reasonable belief
that his or her action was in the best interest of the Fund, or in the case of a criminal proceeding, matters for which such person had
reasonable cause to believe that his or her conduct was unlawful. In accordance with the 1940 Act, the Fund will not indemnify any Trustee
or officer for any liability to which such person would be subject by reason of his or her willful misfeasance, bad faith, gross negligence
or reckless disregard of the duties of his or her position. The Fund will provide indemnification to Trustees and officers prior to a
final determination regarding entitlement to indemnification as described in the Declaration of Trust.
The
Fund has entered into the Investment Advisory Agreement with CAM and the Investment Sub-Advisory Agreement with Ares Capital. The Investment
Advisory Agreement and the Investment Sub-Advisory Agreement provide that, in the absence of willful misfeasance, bad faith, gross negligence
or reckless disregard for its obligations and duties thereunder, the Advisors are not liable for any error of judgment or mistake of law
or for any loss the Fund suffers.
Pursuant
to the Declaration of Trust, the Fund will advance the expenses of defending any action for which indemnification is sought if the Fund
receives a written undertaking by the indemnitee which provides that the indemnitee will reimburse the Fund unless it is subsequently
determined that the indemnitee is entitled to such indemnification.
Number
of Trustees; Appointment of Trustees; Vacancies; Removal
The
Declaration of Trust provides that the number of Trustees shall be no less than one and no more than 15, as determined in writing by a
majority of the Trustees then in office. As set forth in the Declaration of Trust, a Trustee’s term of office shall continue until
his or her death, resignation or removal. Subject to the provisions of the 1940 Act, individuals may be appointed by the Trustees at any
time to fill vacancies on the Board by the appointment of such persons by a majority of the Trustees then in office. Each Trustee shall
hold office until his or her successor shall have been appointed pursuant to the Declaration of Trust. To the extent that the 1940 Act
requires that Trustees be elected by Shareholders, any such Trustees will be elected by a plurality of all Shares voted at a meeting of
Shareholders at which a quorum is present.
The
Declaration of Trust provides that any Trustee may be removed (provided that after the removal the aggregate number of Trustees is not
less than the minimum required by the Declaration of Trust) (i) with cause, by at least two-thirds (66 2/3%) of the remaining Trustees;
or (ii) without cause, by all of the remaining Trustees.
Action
by Shareholders
The
Declaration of Trust provides that Shareholder action can be taken only at a meeting of Shareholders or by unanimous written consent in
lieu of a meeting. Subject to the 1940 Act, the Declaration of Trust or a resolution of the Board specifying a greater or lesser vote
requirement, the affirmative vote of a majority of Shares present in person or represented by proxy at a meeting and entitled to vote
on the subject matter shall be the act of the Shareholders with respect to any matter submitted to a vote of the Shareholders.
Amendment
of Declaration of Trust and Bylaws
Subject
to the provisions of the 1940 Act, pursuant to the Declaration of Trust, the Board may amend the Declaration of Trust without any vote
of Shareholders. Pursuant to the Declaration of Trust and bylaws, the Board has the exclusive power to amend or repeal the bylaws or adopt
new bylaws at any time.
No
Appraisal Rights
In
certain extraordinary transactions, some jurisdictions provide the right to dissenting Shareholders to demand and receive the fair value
of their Shares, subject to certain procedures and requirements set forth in such statute. Those rights are commonly referred to as appraisal
rights. The Declaration of Trust provides that Shares shall not entitle Shareholders to appraisal rights.
Conflict
with Applicable Laws and Regulations
The
Declaration of Trust provides that if and to the extent that any provision of the Declaration of Trust conflicts with any provision of
the 1940 Act, the provisions under the Code applicable to the Fund as a RIC or other applicable laws and regulations, the conflicting
provision shall be deemed never to have constituted a part of the Declaration of Trust; provided, however, that such determination shall
not affect any of the remaining provisions of the Declaration of Trust or affect the validity of any action taken or omitted to be taken
prior to such determination.
TAX
ASPECTS
The
following is a general summary of certain material U.S. federal income tax considerations applicable to the Fund and an investment in
the Fund. The discussion below provides general tax information related to an investment in the Fund, but does not purport to be a complete
description of the U.S. federal income tax consequences of an investment in the Fund and does not address any state, local, non-U.S. or
other tax consequences. It is based on the Code and U.S. Treasury regulations thereunder and administrative pronouncements, all as of
the date hereof, any of which is subject to change, possibly with retroactive effect. In addition, it does not describe all of the tax
consequences that may be relevant in light of a Shareholder’s particular circumstances, including (but not limited to) alternative
minimum tax consequences and tax consequences applicable to Shareholders subject to special tax rules, such as certain financial institutions;
dealers or traders in securities who use a mark-to-market method of tax accounting; persons holding Shares as part of a hedging transaction,
wash sale, conversion transaction or integrated transaction or persons entering into a constructive sale with respect to Shares; entities
classified as partnerships or other pass-through entities for U.S. federal income tax purposes; insurance companies; U.S. Shareholders
(as defined below) whose functional currency is not the U.S. dollar; or tax-exempt entities, including “individual retirement accounts”
or “Roth IRAs.” Unless otherwise noted, the following discussion applies only to a Shareholder that holds Shares as a capital
asset and is a U.S. Shareholder. A “U.S. Shareholder” generally is a beneficial owner of Shares who is for U.S. federal income
tax purposes:
•
an
individual who is a citizen or resident of the United States;
•
a
corporation, or other entity taxable as a corporation, created or organized in or under the laws of the United States, any state thereof
or the District of Columbia;
•
an
estate the income of which is subject to U.S. federal income taxation regardless of its source; or
•
a
trust if it (a) is subject to the primary supervision of a court within the United States and one or more U.S. persons have the authority
to control all substantial decisions of the trust or (b) has a valid election in effect under applicable U.S. Treasury regulations
to be treated as a U.S. person.
If
a partnership (including an entity treated as a partnership for U.S. federal income tax purposes) holds Shares, the tax treatment of a
partner in the partnership will generally depend upon the status of the partner and the activities of the partnership. A prospective Shareholder
that is a partner in a partnership holding Shares should consult his, her or its tax advisors with respect to the purchase, ownership
and disposition of Shares.
The
discussion set forth herein does not constitute tax advice. Tax laws are complex and often change, and Shareholders should consult their
tax advisors about the U.S. federal, state, local or non-U.S. tax consequences of an investment in the Fund.
Taxation
of the Fund
The
Fund has elected to be treated for U.S. federal income tax purposes, and intends to qualify annually, as a RIC under Subchapter M of the
Code. As a RIC, the Fund generally will not be subject to corporate-level U.S. federal income taxes on any ordinary income or capital
gains that it distributes as dividends to Shareholders. To qualify as a RIC in any tax year, the Fund must, among other things, satisfy
both a source of income test and asset diversification tests. The Fund will qualify as a RIC if (i) at least 90% of the Fund’s
gross income for such tax year consists of dividends; interest; payments with respect to certain securities loans; gains from the sale
or other disposition of shares, securities or foreign currencies; other income (including, but not limited to, gains from options, futures
or forward contracts) derived with respect to its business of investing in such shares, securities or currencies; and net income derived
from interests in “qualified publicly-traded partnerships” (such income, “Qualifying RIC Income”); and
(ii) the Fund’s holdings are diversified so that, at the end of each quarter of such tax year, (a) at least 50% of the
value of the Fund’s total assets is represented by cash and cash equivalents, securities of other RICs, U.S. government securities
and other securities, with such other securities limited, in respect of any one issuer, to an amount not greater than 5% of the value
of the Fund’s total assets and not greater than 10% of the outstanding voting securities of such issuer and (b) not more than
25% of the value of the Fund’s total assets is invested (x) in securities (other than U.S. government securities or securities
of other RICs) of any
one
issuer or of two or more issuers that the Fund controls and that are engaged in the same, similar or related trades or businesses or (y) in
the securities of one or more “qualified publicly-traded partnerships.” The Fund’s share of income derived from a partnership
other than a “qualified publicly-traded partnership” will be treated as Qualifying RIC Income only to the extent that such
income would have constituted Qualifying RIC Income if derived directly by the Fund. A “qualified publicly-traded partnership”
is generally defined as an entity that is treated as a partnership for U.S. federal income tax purposes if (1) interests in such
entity are traded on an established securities market or are readily tradable on a secondary market or the substantial equivalent thereof
and (2) less than 90% of its gross income for the relevant tax year consists of Qualifying RIC Income. The Code provides that the
Treasury Department may by regulation exclude from Qualifying RIC Income foreign currency gains that are not directly related to the RIC’s
principal business of investing in shares or securities (or options and futures with respect to shares or securities). The Fund anticipates
that, in general, its foreign currency gains will be directly related to its principal business of investing in shares and securities.
In
addition, to maintain RIC tax treatment, the Fund must distribute on a timely basis with respect to each tax year dividends of an amount
at least equal to 90% of the sum of its “investment company taxable income” and its net tax-exempt interest income, determined
without regard to any deduction for dividends paid, to Shareholders (the “90% distribution requirement”). If the Fund qualifies
as a RIC and satisfies the 90% distribution requirement, the Fund generally will not be subject to U.S. federal income tax on its “investment
company taxable income” and net capital gains (that is, the excess of net long-term capital gains over net short-term capital losses)
that it distributes as dividends to Shareholders (including amounts that are reinvested pursuant to the DRP). In general, a RIC’s
“investment company taxable income” for any tax year is its taxable income, determined without regard to net capital gains
and with certain other adjustments. The Fund intends to distribute all or substantially all of its “investment company taxable income,”
net tax-exempt interest income (if any) and net capital gains on an annual basis. Any taxable income, including any net capital gains
that the Fund does not distribute in a timely manner, will be subject to U.S. federal income tax at regular corporate rates.
If
the Fund retains any net capital gains for reinvestment, it may elect to treat such capital gains as having been distributed to Shareholders.
If the Fund makes such an election, each Shareholder will be required to report its share of such undistributed net capital gains attributed
to the Fund as long-term capital gain and will be entitled to claim its share of the U.S. federal income taxes paid by the Fund on such
undistributed net capital gains as a credit against its own U.S. federal income tax liability, if any, and to claim a refund on a properly-filed
U.S. federal income tax return to the extent that the credit exceeds such liability. In addition, each Shareholder will be entitled to
increase the adjusted tax basis of its Shares by the difference between its share of such undistributed net capital gain and the related
credit. There can be no assurance that the Fund will make this election if it retains all or a portion of its net capital gain for a tax
year.
As
a RIC, the Fund will be, subject to a nondeductible 4% federal excise tax on certain undistributed amounts for each calendar year (the
“4% excise tax”). To avoid the 4% excise tax, the Fund must distribute in respect of each calendar year dividends of an amount
at least equal to the sum of (1) 98% of its ordinary taxable income (taking into account certain deferrals and elections) for the
calendar year, (2) 98.2% of its capital gain net income (adjusted for certain ordinary losses) generally for the one-year period
ending on October 31 of the calendar year and (3) any ordinary income and capital gains for previous calendar years that were
not distributed during those calendar years. For purposes of determining whether the Fund has met this distribution requirement,
the Fund will be deemed to have distributed any income or gains previously subject to U.S. federal income tax. Furthermore, any distribution
declared by the Fund in October, November or December of any calendar year, payable to Shareholders, of record on a specified date in
such a month and actually paid during January of the following calendar year, will be treated for tax purposes as if it had been paid
on December 31 of the calendar year in which the distribution was declared. The Fund generally intends to avoid the imposition of
the 4% excise tax, but there can be no assurance in this regard.
If
the Fund fails to qualify as a RIC or fails to satisfy the 90% distribution requirement in respect of any tax year, the Fund would be
subject to U.S. federal income tax at regular corporate rates on its taxable income, including its net capital gains, even if such income
were distributed, and all distributions out of
earnings
and profits would be taxed as ordinary dividend income. Such distributions generally would be eligible for the dividends-received deduction
in the case of certain corporate Shareholders and may be eligible to be qualified dividend income in the case of certain non-corporate
Shareholders, in each case, subject to certain holding period and other requirements. In addition, the Fund could be required to recognize
unrealized gains, pay taxes and make distributions (any of which could be subject to interest charges) before re-qualifying for taxation
as a RIC. If the Fund fails to satisfy either the income test or asset diversification test described above, in certain cases, however,
the Fund may be able to avoid losing its status as a RIC by timely providing notice of such failure to the IRS, curing such failure and
possibly paying an additional tax or penalty.
Some
of the investments that the Fund is expected to make, such as investments in debt instruments having market discount and/or treated as
issued with OID, may cause the Fund to recognize income or gain for U.S. federal income tax purposes prior to the receipt of any corresponding
cash or other property. As a result, the Fund may have difficulty meeting the 90% distribution requirement necessary to maintain RIC tax
treatment. Because this income will be included in the Fund’s investment company taxable income for the tax year it is accrued,
the Fund may be required to make a distribution to Shareholders to meet the 90% distribution requirement described above, even though
the Fund will not have received any corresponding cash or property. The Fund may be required to borrow money, dispose of other securities
or forgo new investment opportunities for this purpose.
There
may be uncertainty as to the appropriate treatment of certain of the Fund’s investments for U.S. federal income tax purposes. In
particular, the Fund expects to invest a portion of its net assets in below investment grade instruments. U.S. federal income tax rules
with respect to such instruments are not entirely clear about issues such as whether and to what extent the Fund should recognize interest,
OID or market discount, when and to what extent deductions may be taken for bad debts or worthless instruments, how payments received
on obligations in default should be allocated between principal and income and whether exchanges of debt obligations in a bankruptcy or
workout context are taxable. These and other issues will be addressed by the Fund, to the extent necessary, in connection with the Fund’s
general intention to distribute sufficient income to qualify, and maintain its qualification to be subject to tax as a RIC and to minimize
the risk that it becomes subject to U.S. federal income or excise tax.
Income
received by the Fund from sources outside the United States may be subject to withholding and other taxes imposed by such countries, thereby
reducing income available to the Fund. Tax conventions between certain countries and the United States may reduce or eliminate such taxes.
The Fund generally intends to conduct its investment activities to minimize the impact of foreign taxation, but there is no guarantee
that the Fund will be successful in this regard. If more than 50% of the value of the Fund’s total assets at the close of its tax
year consists of securities of foreign corporations, the Fund will be eligible to elect to “pass-through” to the Shareholders
the foreign source amount of income deemed earned and the respective amount of foreign taxes paid by the Fund. If the Fund so elects,
each Shareholder would be required to include in gross income, even though not actually received, each Shareholder’s pro rata
share of the foreign taxes paid or deemed paid by the Fund, but would be treated as having paid its pro rata
share of such foreign taxes and would therefore be allowed to either deduct such amount in computing taxable income or use such amount
(subject to various limitations) as a foreign tax credit against federal income tax (but not both).
The
Fund may invest in shares of foreign companies that are classified under the Code as passive foreign investment companies (“PFICs”).
In general, a foreign company is considered a PFIC if at least 50% of its assets constitute investment-type assets or 75% or more of its
gross income is investment-type income. In general under the PFIC rules, an “excess distribution” received with respect to
PFIC shares is treated as having been realized ratably over the period during which the Fund held the PFIC shares. The Fund generally
will be subject to tax on the portion, if any, of the excess distribution that is allocated to the Fund’s holding period in prior
tax years (and an interest factor will be added to the tax, as if the tax had actually been payable in such prior tax years)
even though the Fund distributes the corresponding income to Shareholders. Excess distributions include any gain from the sale of PFIC
shares as well as certain distributions from a PFIC. All excess distributions are taxable as ordinary income.
The
Fund may be eligible to elect alternative tax treatment with respect to PFIC shares. Under one such election (i.e., a “QEF”
election), the Fund generally would be required to include in its gross income its
share
of the earnings of a PFIC on a current basis, regardless of whether any distributions are received from the PFIC. If this election is
made, the special rules, discussed above, relating to the taxation of excess distributions, would not apply. Furthermore, under U.S. Treasury
Regulations, certain income derived by the Fund from a PFIC with respect to which the Fund has made a QEF election would generally constitute
qualifying income for purposes of determining the Fund’s ability to be subject to tax as a RIC to the extent the PFIC makes distributions
of that income to the Fund or if the income was derived with respect to the Fund’s business of investing. Alternatively, the Fund
may be able to elect to mark its PFIC shares to market, resulting in any unrealized gains at the Fund’s tax year end being treated
as though they were recognized and reported as ordinary income. Any mark-to-market losses and any loss from an actual disposition of the
PFIC’s Shares would be deductible as ordinary losses to the extent of any net mark-to-market gains included in income in prior tax years
with respect to shares in the same PFIC.
Because
the application of the PFIC rules may affect, among other things, the character of gains, the amount of gain or loss and the timing of
the recognition of income, gain or loss with respect to PFIC shares, as well as subject the Fund itself to tax on certain income from
PFIC shares, the amount that must be distributed to Fund Shareholders, and which will be recognized by Fund Shareholders as
ordinary income or long-term capital gain, may be increased or decreased substantially as compared to a fund that did not invest in PFIC
shares. Note that distributions from a PFIC are not eligible for the reduced rate of tax on distributions of “qualified dividend
income” as discussed below.
Some
of the CLOs in which the Fund invests may be PFICs, which are generally subject to the tax consequences described above. Investment in
certain equity interests of CLOs that are subject to treatment as PFICs for U.S. federal income tax purposes may cause the Fund to recognize
income in a tax year in excess of the Fund’s distributions from such CLOs, PFICs and the Fund’s proceeds from sales or other
dispositions of equity interests in other CLOs and other PFICs during that tax year. As a result, the Fund generally would be required
to distribute such income to satisfy the 90% distribution requirement applicable to RICs.
If
the Fund holds more than 10% of the interests treated as equity for U.S. federal income tax purposes in a foreign corporation that is
treated as a controlled foreign corporation (“CFC”), including equity tranche investments and certain debt tranche investments
in a CLO treated as a CFC, the Fund may be treated as receiving a deemed distribution (taxable as ordinary income) each tax year from
such foreign corporation of an amount equal to the Fund’s pro rata
share of the foreign corporation’s earnings for such tax year (including both ordinary earnings and capital gains), whether or not
the corporation makes an actual distribution to the Fund during such tax year. This deemed distribution is required to be included in
the income of certain U.S. shareholders of a CFC, such as the Fund, regardless of whether a U.S. shareholder has made a QEF election with
respect to such CFC. The Fund is generally required to distribute such income in order to satisfy the 90% distribution requirement applicable
to RICs, even to the extent the Fund’s income from a CFC exceeds the distributions from the CFC and the Fund’s proceeds from
the sales or other dispositions of CFC stock during that tax year. As such, the Fund may limit and/or manage its holdings in issuers that
could be treated as CFCs in order to ensure the Fund’s continued qualification as a RIC and/or maximize the Fund’s after-tax
return from these investments. In general, a foreign corporation will be treated as a CFC for U.S. federal income tax purposes if more
than 50% of the shares of the foreign corporation, measured by reference to combined voting power or value, is owned (directly, indirectly
or by attribution) by U.S. Shareholders. A “U.S. Shareholder,” for this purpose, is any U.S. person that possesses (actually
or constructively) 10% or more of the combined voting power or value of all classes of shares of a corporation.
The
functional currency of the Fund, for U.S. federal income tax purposes, is the U.S. dollar. Gains or losses attributable to fluctuations
in foreign currency exchange rates that occur between the time a Fund accrues interest income or other receivables or accrues expenses
or other liabilities denominated in a foreign currency and the time the Fund actually collects such receivables or pays such liabilities
generally are respectively characterized as ordinary income or ordinary loss for U.S. federal income tax purposes. Similarly, on the sale
of other disposition of certain investments, including debt securities, certain forward contracts, as well as other derivative financial
instruments, denominated in a foreign currency, gains or losses attributable to fluctuations in the value of foreign currency between
the date of acquisition of the security or contract and the date of disposition also are generally treated as ordinary gain or loss. These
gains
and losses, referred to under the Code as “section 988” gains and losses, may increase or decrease the amount of the Fund’s
investment company taxable income subject to distribution to Fund Shareholders as ordinary income. For example, fluctuations in exchange
rates may increase the amount of income that the Fund must distribute to qualify for tax treatment as a RIC and to prevent application
of an excise tax on undistributed income. Alternatively, fluctuations in exchange rates may decrease or eliminate income available for
distribution. If section 988 losses exceed other investment company taxable income during a tax year, the Fund would not be able to distribute
amounts considered dividends for U.S. federal income tax purposes, and any distributions during a tax year made by the Fund before such
losses were recognized would be re-characterized as a return of capital to Fund Shareholders for U.S. federal income tax purposes,
rather than as ordinary dividend income, and would reduce each Fund Shareholder’s tax basis in Fund Shares.
If
the Fund utilizes leverage through the issuance of Preferred Shares or borrowings, it will be prohibited from declaring a distribution
or dividend if it would fail the applicable asset coverage test(s) under the 1940 Act after the payment of such distribution or dividend.
In addition, certain covenants in credit facilities or indentures may impose greater restrictions on the Fund’s ability to declare
and pay dividends on Fund Shares. Limits on the Fund’s ability to pay dividends on Fund Shares may prevent the Fund from
meeting the 90% distribution requirement described above and, as a result, may affect the Fund’s ability to be subject to tax as
a RIC or subject the Fund to the 4% excise tax. The Fund endeavors to avoid restrictions on its ability to make distribution payments.
If the Fund is precluded from making distributions on Fund Shares because of any applicable asset coverage requirements, the terms
of Preferred Shares (if any) may provide that any amounts so precluded from being distributed, but required to be distributed by the Fund
to enable the Fund to satisfy the 90% distribution requirement that would enable the Fund to be subject to tax as a RIC, will be paid
to the holders of Preferred Shares as a special distribution. This distribution can be expected to decrease the amount that holders of
Preferred Shares would be entitled to receive upon redemption or liquidation of such Preferred Shares.
Certain
of the Fund’s investments are expected to be subject to special U.S. federal income tax provisions that may, among other things,
(1) disallow, suspend or otherwise limit the allowance of certain losses or deductions, (2) convert lower-taxed long-term capital
gains into higher-taxed short-term capital gains or ordinary income, (3) convert an ordinary loss or a deduction into a capital loss,
the deductibility of which is more limited, (4) adversely affect when a purchase or sale of shares or securities is deemed to occur,
(5) adversely alter the intended characterization of certain complex financial transactions, (6) cause the Fund to recognize
income or gain without a corresponding receipt of cash, (7) treat dividends that would otherwise constitute qualified dividend income
as non-qualified dividend income, (8) treat dividends that would otherwise be eligible for the corporate dividends received deduction
as ineligible for such treatment and (9) produce income that will not constitute Qualifying RIC Income. The application of these
rules could cause the Fund to be subject to U.S. federal income tax or the 4% excise tax and, under certain circumstances, could affect
the Fund’s status as a RIC. The Fund monitors its investments and may make certain tax elections to mitigate the effect of these
provisions.
Under
current tax law, conversion between share classes is generally not expected to be a taxable event to the Shareholder.
The
remainder of this discussion assumes that the Fund has qualified and maintain its qualification as a RIC and has satisfied the 90% distribution
requirement described above.
Taxation
of U.S. Shareholders
Distributions
Distributions
of the Fund’s ordinary income and net short-term capital gains will, except as described below with respect to distributions of
“qualified dividend income,” generally be taxable to Shareholders as ordinary income to the extent such distributions are
paid out of the Fund’s current or accumulated earnings and profits, as determined for U.S. federal income tax purposes. Distributions
(or deemed distributions, as described above), if any, of net capital gains will be taxable as long-term capital gains, regardless of
the length of time a Shareholder has owned Shares. The ultimate tax characterization of the Fund’s distributions made in a tax year
cannot be determined until after the end of the tax year. As a result, the
Fund
may make total distributions during a tax year in an amount that exceeds the current and accumulated earnings and profits of the Fund.
A distribution of an amount in excess of the Fund’s current and accumulated earnings and profits will be treated by a Shareholder
as a return of capital that will be applied against and reduce the Shareholder’s tax basis in its Shares. To the extent that the
amount of any such distribution exceeds the Shareholder’s tax basis in its Shares, the excess will be treated as gain from a sale
or exchange of Shares. Distributions will be treated in the manner described above regardless of whether such distributions are paid in
cash or invested in additional Shares. Generally, for U.S. federal income tax purposes, a Shareholder receiving Shares under the DRP will
be treated as having received a distribution equal to the fair market value of such Shares on the date the Shares are credited to the
Shareholder’s account.
A
return of capital to Shareholders is a return of a portion of their original investment in the Fund, thereby reducing the tax basis of
their investment. As a result from such reduction in tax basis, Shareholders may be subject to tax in connection with the sale of Fund Shares,
even if such Shares are sold at a loss relative to the Shareholder’s original investment.
It
is expected that a substantial portion of the Fund’s income will consist of ordinary income. For example, interest and OID derived
by the Fund characterized as ordinary income for U.S. federal income tax purposes. In addition, gain derived by the Fund from the disposition
of debt instruments with “market discount” (generally, securities with a fixed maturity date of more than one year
from the date of issuance acquired by the Fund at a price below the lesser of their stated redemption price at maturity or accreted value,
in the case of securities with OID) will be characterized as ordinary income for U.S. federal income tax purposes to the extent of the
market discount that has accrued, as determined for U.S. federal income tax purposes, at the time of such disposition, unless the Fund
makes an election to accrue market discount on a current basis. In addition, certain of the Fund’s investments will be subject to
other special U.S. federal income tax provisions that may affect the character, increase the amount and/or accelerate the timing of distributions
to Shareholders.
Certain
distributions reported by the Fund as Section 163(j) interest dividends may be treated as interest income by Shareholders for purposes
of the tax rules applicable to interest expense limitations under Section 163(j). Such treatment by the Shareholder is generally
subject to holding period requirements and other potential limitations, although the holding period requirements are generally not applicable
to dividends declared by money market funds and certain other funds that declare dividends daily and pay such dividends on a monthly or
more frequent basis. The amount that the Fund is eligible to report as a Section 163(j) dividend for a tax year is generally limited
to the excess of the Fund’s business interest income over the sum of the Fund’s (i) business interest expense and (ii) other
deductions properly allocable to the Fund’s business interest income.
Distributions
made by the Fund to a corporate Shareholder will qualify for the dividends-received deduction only to the extent that the distributions
consist of qualifying dividends received by the Fund. In addition, any portion of the Fund’s dividends otherwise qualifying for
the dividends-received deduction will be disallowed or reduced if the corporate Shareholder fails to satisfy certain requirements, including
a holding period requirement, with respect to its Shares. Distributions of “qualified dividend income” to an individual or
other non-corporate Shareholder will be treated as “qualified dividend income” to such Shareholder and generally will be taxed
at long-term capital gain rates, provided the Shareholder satisfies the applicable holding period and other requirements. “Qualified
dividend income” generally includes dividends from domestic corporations and dividends from foreign corporations that meet certain
specified criteria. Given the Fund’s investment strategy, it is not expected that a significant portion of the distributions made
by the Fund will be eligible for the dividends-received deduction or the reduced rates applicable to “qualified dividend income.”
If
a person acquires Shares shortly before the record date of a distribution, the price of the Shares may include the value of the distribution,
and the person will be subject to tax on the distribution even though economically it may represent a return of his, her or its investment
in such Shares.
Distributions
paid by the Fund generally will be treated as received by a Shareholder at the time the distribution is made. However, the Fund may, under
certain circumstances, elect to treat a distribution that is paid during the following tax year as if it had been paid during the tax
year in which the income or gains
supporting
the distribution was earned. If the Fund makes such an election, the Shareholder will still be treated as receiving the distribution in
the tax year in which the distribution is received. In this instance, however, any distribution declared by the Fund in October, November
or December of any calendar year, payable to Shareholders of record on a specified date in such a month and actually paid during January
of the following calendar year, will be treated for tax purposes as if it had been received by Shareholders on December 31 of the
calendar year in which the distribution was declared.
The
Fund (or if a Shareholder holds Shares through an intermediary, such intermediary) will send to its Shareholders, as promptly as possible
after the end of each calendar year, a notice detailing the U.S. federal tax status of distributions, including the amounts includible
in such Shareholder’s taxable income for such year as ordinary income and as long-term capital gain. In addition, the federal tax
status of each year’s distributions generally will be reported to the IRS, including the amount of distributions, if any, eligible
for the preferential maximum rate generally applicable to long-term capital gains. Shareholders receiving distributions in the form of
additional Shares will receive a report as to the NAV of those Shares. Distributions paid by the Fund generally will not be eligible for
the corporate dividends received deduction or the preferential tax rate applicable to Qualifying Dividends because the Fund’s income
generally will not consist of dividends.
Distributions
may also be subject to additional state, local and foreign taxes depending on a Shareholder’s particular situation.
Sale
or Exchange of Shares
The
repurchase or transfer of Shares may result in a taxable gain or loss to the tendering Shareholder. Different tax consequences may apply
for tendering and non-tendering Shareholders in connection with a repurchase offer. For example, if a Shareholder does not tender all
of his or her Shares, such repurchase may not be treated as a sale or exchange for U.S. federal income tax purposes, and may result in
deemed distributions to non-tendering Shareholders. On the other hand, Shareholders holding Shares as capital assets who tender all of
their Shares (including Shares deemed owned by Shareholders under constructive ownership rules) will be treated as having sold their Shares
and generally will recognize capital gain or loss. The amount of the gain or loss will be equal to the difference between the amount received
for the Shares and the Shareholder’s adjusted tax basis in the relevant Shares. Such gain or loss generally will be a long-term
capital gain or loss if the Shareholder has held such Shares as capital assets for more than one year. Otherwise, the gain or loss will
be treated as short-term capital gain or loss.
Losses
realized by a Shareholder on the sale or exchange of Shares held as capital assets for six months or less will be treated as long-term
capital losses to the extent of any distribution of long-term capital gains received (or deemed received, as discussed above) with respect
to such Shares. In addition, no loss will be allowed on a sale or other disposition of Shares if the Shareholder acquires (including through
reinvestment of distributions or otherwise) Shares, or enters into a contract or option to acquire Shares, within 30 days before
or after any disposition of such Shares at a loss. In such a case, the basis of the Shares acquired will be adjusted to reflect the disallowed
loss. Under current law, net capital gains recognized by non-corporate Shareholders are generally subject to U.S. federal income tax at
lower rates than the rates applicable to ordinary income.
In
general, Shareholders currently are generally subject to a maximum federal income tax rate of either 15% or 20% (depending on whether
the Shareholder’s income exceeds certain threshold amounts) on their net capital gain (i.e.,
the excess of realized net long-term capital gains over realized net short-term capital losses), including any long-term capital gain
derived from an investment in Shares. Such rate is lower than the maximum rate on ordinary income currently payable by individuals. Corporate
Shareholders currently are subject to U.S. federal income tax on net capital gain at the maximum rate also applied to ordinary income
(currently at 21%). Non-corporate Shareholders with net capital losses for a tax year (i.e.,
capital losses in excess of capital gains) generally may deduct up to $3,000 of such losses against their ordinary income each tax year.
Any net capital losses of a non-corporate Shareholder in excess of $3,000 generally may be carried forward and used in subsequent tax years
as provided in the Code. Corporate Shareholders generally may not deduct any net capital losses for a tax year, but may carry back such
losses for three tax years or carry forward such losses for five tax years.
An
additional 3.8% Medicare tax is imposed on certain net investment income (including ordinary dividends and capital gain distributions
received from the Fund and net gains from redemptions or other taxable dispositions of Shares) of U.S. individuals, estates and trusts
to the extent that such person’s “modified adjusted gross income” (in the case of an individual) or “adjusted
gross income” (in the case of an estate or trust) exceeds certain threshold amounts. U.S. persons that are individuals, estates
or trusts are urged to consult their tax advisors regarding the applicability of this tax to their income and gains in respect of their
investment in the Fund.
Under
U.S. Treasury regulations, if a Shareholder recognizes losses with respect to Shares of $2 million or more for an individual Shareholder
or $10 million or more for a corporate Shareholder, the Shareholder must file with the IRS a disclosure statement on IRS Form 8886.
Direct shareholders of portfolio securities are in many cases excepted from this reporting requirement, but under current guidance, shareholders
of a RIC are not excepted. Future guidance may extend the current exception from this reporting requirement to shareholders of most or
all RICs. The fact that a loss is reportable under these regulations does not affect the legal determination of whether the taxpayer’s
treatment of the loss is proper. Shareholders should consult their tax advisors to determine the applicability of these regulations in
light of their individual circumstances.
Reporting
of adjusted cost basis information is required for covered securities, which generally include shares of a RIC acquired after January 1,
2012, to the IRS and to taxpayers. Shareholders should contact their Financial Intermediaries with respect to reporting of cost basis
and available elections for their accounts.
Backup
Withholding and Information Reporting
Information
returns will be filed with the IRS in connection with payments on Shares and the proceeds from a sale or other disposition of Shares.
A Shareholder will be subject to backup withholding on all such payments if it fails to provide the payor with its correct taxpayer identification
number (generally, in the case of a U.S. resident Shareholder, on an IRS Form W-9) and to make required certifications or otherwise establish
an exemption from backup withholding. Corporate Shareholders and certain other Shareholders generally are exempt from backup withholding.
Backup withholding is not an additional tax. Any amounts withheld as backup withholding may be credited against the applicable Shareholder’s
U.S. federal income tax liability, provided the required information is timely furnished to the IRS.
Taxation
of Non-U.S. Shareholders
Whether
an investment in the Fund is appropriate for a non-U.S. Shareholder (as defined below) will depend upon that investor’s particular
circumstances. An investment in the Fund by a non-U.S. Shareholder may have adverse tax consequences. Non-U.S. Shareholders should consult
their tax advisors before investing in Shares.
The
U.S. federal income taxation of a Shareholder that is a nonresident alien individual, a foreign trust or estate or a foreign corporation,
as defined for U.S. federal income tax purposes (a “non-U.S. Shareholder”), depends on whether the income that the Shareholder
derives from the Fund is “effectively connected” with a U.S. trade or business carried on by the Shareholder.
If
the income that a non-U.S. Shareholder derives from the Fund is not “effectively connected” with a U.S. trade or business
carried on by such non-U.S. Shareholder, distributions of “investment company taxable income” will generally be subject to
a U.S. federal withholding tax at a rate of 30% (or a lower rate provided under an applicable treaty). Alternatively, if the income that
a non-U.S. Shareholder derives from the Fund is effectively connected with a U.S. trade or business of the non-U.S. Shareholder, the Fund
will not be required to withhold U.S. federal tax if the non-U.S. Shareholder complies with applicable certification and disclosure requirements,
although such income will be subject to U.S. federal income tax in the manner described below and at the rates applicable to U.S. residents.
Backup withholding will not, however, be applied to payments that have been subject to this 30% withholding tax applicable to non-U.S.
Shareholders.
A
non-U.S. Shareholder whose income from the Fund is not “effectively connected” with a U.S. trade or business will generally
be exempt from U.S. federal income tax on capital gains distributions, any amounts retained by the Fund that are designated as undistributed
capital gains and any gains realized
upon
the sale or exchange of Shares. If, however, such a non-U.S. Shareholder is a nonresident alien individual and is physically present in
the United States for 183 days or more during the tax year and meets certain other requirements such capital gains distributions,
undistributed capital gains and gains from the sale or exchange of Shares will be subject to a 30% U.S. tax.
Furthermore,
properly reported distributions by the Fund and received by non-U.S. Shareholders are generally exempt from U.S. federal withholding tax
when they (a) are paid by the Fund in respect of the Fund’s “qualified net interest income” (i.e.,
the Fund’s U.S. source interest income, subject to certain exceptions, reduced by expenses that are allocable to such income), or
(b) are paid by the Fund in connection with the Fund’s “qualified short-term capital gains” (generally,
the excess of the Fund’s net short-term capital gains over the Fund’s long-term capital losses for such tax year). However,
depending on the circumstances, the Fund may report all, some or none of the Fund’s potentially eligible distributions as derived
from such qualified net interest income or from such qualified short-term capital gains, and a portion of such distributions (e.g.,
derived from interest from non-U.S. sources or any foreign currency gains) would be ineligible for this potential exemption from withholding.
Moreover, in the case of Shares held through an intermediary, the intermediary may have withheld amounts even if the Fund reported all
or a portion of a distribution as exempt from U.S. federal withholding tax. To qualify for this exemption from withholding, a non-U.S.
Shareholder must comply with applicable certification requirements relating to its non-U.S. tax residency status (including, in general,
furnishing an IRS Form W-8BEN, IRS Form W-8BEN-E, IRS Form W-8ECI, IRS Form W-8IMY or IRS Form W-8EXP, or an acceptable substitute or
successor form). Thus, an investment in the Shares by a non-U.S. Shareholder may have adverse tax consequences as compared to a direct
investment in the assets in which the Fund will invest.
If
the income from the Fund is “effectively connected” with a U.S. trade or business carried on by a non-U.S. Shareholder, any
distributions of “investment company taxable income,” capital gains distributions, amounts retained by the Fund that are designated
as undistributed capital gains and any gains realized upon the sale or exchange of Shares will be subject to U.S. income tax, on a net
income basis, in the same manner, and at the graduated rates applicable to, U.S. persons. If such a non-U.S. Shareholder is a corporation,
it may also be subject to the U.S. branch profits tax.
A
non-U.S. Shareholder other than a corporation may be subject to backup withholding on net capital gains distributions that are otherwise
exempt from withholding tax or on distributions that would otherwise be taxable at a reduced treaty rate if such Shareholder does not
certify its non-U.S. status under penalties of perjury or otherwise establish an exemption.
If
the Fund distributes net capital gains in the form of deemed rather than actual distributions, a non-U.S. Shareholder will be entitled
to a U.S. federal income tax credit or tax refund equal to the Shareholder’s allocable share of the tax the Fund pays on the capital
gains deemed to have been distributed. To obtain the refund, the non-U.S. Shareholder must obtain a U.S. taxpayer identification number
and file a federal income tax return even if the non-U.S. Shareholder would not otherwise be required to obtain a U.S. taxpayer identification
number or file a federal income tax return.
Under
the Foreign Account Tax Compliance Act provisions of the Code, the Fund is required to withhold U.S. tax (at a 30% rate) on payments of
taxable dividends made to certain non-U.S. entities that fail to comply (or be deemed compliant) with extensive reporting and withholding
requirements in the Code designed to inform the U.S. Department of the Treasury of U.S.-owned foreign investment accounts. Shareholders
may be requested to provide additional information to the Fund to enable the Fund to determine whether withholding is required.
The
tax consequences to a non-U.S. Shareholder entitled to claim the benefits of an applicable tax treaty may differ from those described
herein. Non-U.S. Shareholders are advised to consult their tax advisors with respect to the particular tax consequences to them of an
investment in the Fund, including the potential application of the U.S. estate tax.
Other
Taxes
Shareholders
may be subject to state, local and non-U.S. taxes applicable to their investment in the Fund. In those states or localities, entity-level
tax treatment and the treatment of distributions made to Shareholders under those jurisdictions’ tax laws may differ from the treatment
under the Code. Accordingly,
an
investment in Shares may have tax consequences for Shareholders that are different from those of a direct investment in the Fund’s
portfolio investments. Shareholders are advised to consult their tax advisors with respect to the particular tax consequences to them
of an investment in the Fund.
ERISA
CONSIDERATIONS
Employee
benefit plans and other plans subject to ERISA or the Code, including corporate savings and 401(k) plans, IRAs and Keogh Plans (each,
an “ERISA Plan”) may purchase Shares. ERISA imposes certain general and specific responsibilities on persons who are fiduciaries
with respect to an ERISA Plan, including prudence, diversification, prohibited transactions and other standards. Because the Fund is registered
as an investment company under the 1940 Act, the underlying assets of the Fund will not be considered to be “plan assets”
of any ERISA Plan investing in the Fund for purposes of the fiduciary responsibility and prohibited transaction rules under Title I of
ERISA or Section 4975 of the Code. Thus, none of the Fund or the Advisors will be a fiduciary within the meaning of ERISA or Section 4975
of the Code with respect to the assets of any ERISA Plan that becomes a Shareholder, solely as a result of the ERISA Plan’s investment
in the Fund.
The
provisions of ERISA are subject to extensive and continuing administrative and judicial interpretation and review. The discussion of ERISA
contained herein is, of necessity, general and may be affected by future publication of regulations and rulings. Potential investors should
consult their legal advisers regarding the consequences under ERISA of an investment in the Fund through an ERISA Plan.
ANTI-TAKEOVER
PROVISIONS IN THE DECLARATION OF TRUST
The
Declaration of Trust includes provisions that could have the effect of limiting the ability of other entities or persons to acquire control
of the Fund or to change the composition of the Board. These provisions may have the effect of discouraging attempts to acquire control
of the Fund, which attempts could have the effect of increasing the expenses of the Fund and interfering with the normal operation of
the Fund. The Trustees are elected for indefinite terms and do not stand for reelection. A Trustee may be removed from office (i) with
cause only by a written instrument signed or adopted by two-thirds of the remaining Trustees; or (ii) without cause only by a written
instrument signed or adopted by all of the remaining Trustees. The Declaration of Trust does not contain any other specific inhibiting
provisions that would operate only with respect to an extraordinary transaction such as a merger, reorganization, tender offer, sale or
transfer of substantially all of the Fund’s asset, or liquidation. Reference should be made to the Declaration of Trust on file
with the SEC for the full text of these provisions.
PLAN
OF DISTRIBUTION
ALPS
Distributors, Inc., located at 1290 Broadway, Suite 1000, Denver, CO 80203, serves as the Fund’s principal underwriter and acts
as the Distributor of the Fund’s Shares on a best efforts basis, subject to various conditions. Class W Shares are offered
for sale through the Distributor at NAV plus the applicable sales load. The Distributor also may enter into agreements with Financial
Intermediaries for the sale and servicing of the Fund’s Shares. The Fund offers on a continuous basis an unlimited number of shares
of beneficial interest through the Distributor. No arrangement has been made to place funds received in an escrow, trust or similar account.
The Distributor is not required to sell any specific number or dollar amount of the Fund’s Shares but will use its best efforts
to solicit orders for the purchase of the Shares. Shares of the Fund will not be listed on any national securities exchange and the Distributor
will not act as a market marker in Fund Shares. Class W Shares will pay to the Distributor a Distribution Fee that will accrue
at an annual rate equal to 0.50% of the Fund’s average daily net assets attributable to Class W Shares and is payable on a
quarterly basis.
The
Distributor has entered into a wholesale marketing agreement with CION Securities, a registered broker-dealer and an affiliate of CION.
Pursuant to the terms of the wholesale marketing agreement, CION Securities will seek to market and otherwise promote the Fund through
various wholesale distribution channels, including, but not limited to, regional and independent retail broker-dealers and registered
investment advisors.
The
Advisors or their affiliates, in the Advisors’ discretion and from their own resources, may pay Additional Compensation to Financial
Intermediaries in connection with the sale of Fund Shares. In return for the Additional Compensation, the Fund may receive certain
marketing advantages including access to a Financial Intermediaries’ registered representatives, placement on a list of investment
options offered by a Financial Intermediary, or the ability to assist in training and educating the Financial Intermediaries. The Additional
Compensation may differ among Financial Intermediaries in amount or in the manner of calculation: payments of Additional Compensation
may be fixed dollar amounts, or based on the aggregate value of outstanding Shares held by Shareholders introduced by the Financial Intermediary,
or determined in some other manner. The receipt of Additional Compensation by a selling Financial Intermediary may create potential conflicts
of interest between an investor and its Financial Intermediary who is recommending the Fund over other potential investments. Additionally,
the Fund pays a servicing fee to the Financial Intermediaries or financial institutions and for providing ongoing services in respect
of clients with whom it has distributed shares of the Fund. Such services may include electronic processing of client orders, electronic
fund transfers between clients and the Fund, account reconciliations with the Fund’s transfer agent, facilitation of electronic
delivery to clients of Fund documentation, monitoring client accounts for back-up withholding and any other special tax reporting obligations,
maintenance of books and records with respect to the foregoing, and such other information and ongoing liaison services as the Fund or
the Advisors may reasonably request.
The
Fund and the Advisors have agreed to indemnify the Distributor against certain liabilities, including liabilities under the 1933 Act,
or to contribute to payments the Distributor may be required to make because of any of those liabilities. Such agreement does not include
indemnification of the Distributor against liability resulting from willful misfeasance, bad faith or negligence on the part of the Distributor
in the performance of its duties or from reckless disregard by the Distributor of its obligations and duties under the Distribution Agreement.
Purchasing
Shares
Investors
may purchase Shares directly from the Fund in accordance with the instructions below. Investors will be assessed fees for returned checks
and stop payment orders at prevailing rates charged by SS&C GIDS, Inc. The returned check and stop payment fee is currently $25. Investors
may buy and sell Shares of the Fund through Financial Intermediaries. Orders will be priced at the appropriate price next computed after
it is received by a Financial Intermediary and accepted by the Fund. A Financial Intermediary may hold Shares in an omnibus account in
the Financial Intermediary’s name or the Financial Intermediary may maintain individual ownership records. The Fund may pay the
Financial Intermediary for maintaining individual ownership records as well as providing other shareholder services. Financial Intermediaries
may charge fees for the services they provide in connection with processing your transaction
order or maintaining an investor’s account with them.
Investors should check with their Financial Intermediary to determine if it is subject to these arrangements. Financial Intermediaries
are responsible for placing orders correctly and promptly with the Fund, forwarding payment promptly. Orders transmitted with a Financial
Intermediary before the close of regular trading (generally 4:00 p.m., Eastern Time) on a day that the NYSE is open for business, will
be priced based on the Fund’s NAV next computed after it is received by the Financial Intermediary.
Investors may purchase Shares
through a broker-dealer or Financial Intermediary that may establish different minimum investment requirements than the Fund and may also
independently charge transaction fees and additional amounts (which may vary) in return for its services, which will reduce an investor’s
return. Shares purchased through a broker-dealer or Financial Intermediary will normally be held in an investor’s account with that
firm.
The availability of sales
charge waivers, discounts, and/or breakpoints may depend on the particular Financial Intermediary or type of account through which an
investor purchases or holds Shares. Investors should contact their Financial Intermediary for more information regarding applicable sales
charge waivers and discounts available to them and the Financial Intermediary’s related policies and procedures.
If an investment is made
through an IRA, Keogh plan or 401(k) plan, an approved trustee must process and forward the subscription to the Fund. In such case, the
Fund will send the confirmation and notice of its acceptance to the trustee.
By Mail
To make an initial purchase
by mail, complete an account application and mail the application, together with a check made payable to CION Ares Diversified Credit
Fund to:
|
Regular Mail:
|
|
|
Overnight Mail:
|
|
|
CION Ares Diversified Credit Fund SS&C GIDS, Inc. P.O.
Box 219422 Kansas City, MO 64121-9422 |
|
|
Please call 1-888-729-4266 for the overnight mailing address. |
|
All checks must be in
US Dollars drawn on a domestic bank. The Fund will not accept payment in cash or money orders. The Fund may accept cashier’s checks
in amounts greater than $10,000. To prevent check fraud, the Fund will neither accept third party checks, Treasury checks, credit card
checks, traveler’s checks or starter checks for the purchase of shares, nor post-dated checks, postdated on-line bill pay checks,
or any conditional purchase order or payment.
The transfer agent will charge
a $25 fee against an investor’s account, in addition to any loss sustained by the Fund, for any payment that is returned. It is
the policy of the Fund not to accept applications under certain circumstances or in amounts considered disadvantageous to Shareholders.
The Fund reserves the right to reject any application.
By Wire — Initial
Investment
To make an initial investment
in the Fund, the transfer agent must receive a completed account application from a Financial Intermediary before an investor wires funds.
The Financial Intermediary may mail or overnight deliver an account application to the transfer agent. Upon receipt of the completed account
application, the transfer agent will establish an account. The account number assigned will be required as part of the instruction that
should be provided to an investor’s bank to send the wire. An investor’s bank must include both the name of the Fund, the
account number, and the investor’s name so that monies can be correctly applied. If you wish to wire money to make an investment
in the Fund, please call the Fund at 800-343-3736 for wiring instructions and to notify the Fund that a wire transfer is coming. Any commercial
bank can transfer same-day funds via wire. The Fund will normally accept wired funds for investment on the day received if they are received
by the Fund’s designated bank before the close of regular trading on the NYSE. Your bank may charge you a fee for wiring same-day
funds. The bank should transmit funds by wire to:
ABA
#: 101 000 695
Credit: UMB Bank, NA
Account #: 9872291549
Further Credit:
CION Ares Diversified Credit Fund
(shareholder
registration)
(shareholder account number)
Automatic
Investment Plan — Subsequent Investments
You
may participate in the Fund’s Automatic Investment Plan, an investment plan that automatically moves money from your bank account
and invests it in the Fund through the use of electronic funds transfers or automatic bank drafts. You may elect to make subsequent investments
by transfers of a minimum of $10,000 on specified days of each month into your established Fund account. Please contact your registered
representative/investment advisor for more information about the Fund’s Automatic Investment Plan.
In
compliance with the USA Patriot Act of 2001, SS&C GIDS, Inc. will verify certain information on each account application as part of
the Fund’s Anti-Money Laundering Program. As requested on the application, investors must supply full name, date of birth, social
security number and permanent street address. Mailing addresses containing only a P.O. Box will not be accepted. Registered representatives/investment
advisors may call Investor Relations at 888-729-4266 for additional assistance when completing an application.
If
SS&C GIDS, Inc. does not have a reasonable belief of the identity of a customer, the account will be rejected or the customer will
not be allowed to perform a transaction on the account until such information is received. The Fund also may reserve the right to close
the account within 5 business days if clarifying information/documentation is not received.
Purchase
Terms
The
minimum initial purchase by an investor is $25,000. The Fund reserves the right to waive the investment minimum. The Fund’s Class W
Shares are offered for sale through its Distributor at NAV plus the applicable sales load. The price of Class W Shares during the
Fund’s continuous offering will fluctuate over time with the NAV of the Shares.
Converting
Shares
Investors
eligible to purchase Class I Shares may convert Class W Shares to Class I Shares. Class W Shares will automatically
convert into Class I Shares if the total sales charge would otherwise exceed the limits of FINRA Rule 2341. Class I Shares
are not subject to any upfront sales charge. Class I Shares are not subject to a distribution fee, shareholder servicing fees, or
contingent deferred sales charge. Class I Shares may only be available through certain Financial Intermediaries. For all accounts,
Class I Shares require a minimum investment of $1,000,000, while subsequent investments may be made with any amount. The Fund reserves
the right to waive the investment minimum.
You
can process your conversion by contacting your Financial Intermediary. You may also send conversion requests to the Fund’s transfer
agent, SS&C GIDS, Inc., by mail to CION Ares Diversified Credit Fund c/o SS&C GIDS, Inc., P.O. Box 219422, Kansas City, MO
64121-9422 or by calling the toll free number 888-729-4266.
As
of the date of this Prospectus, the Fund is the only fund managed by CAM. To the extent that CAM manages other funds in the future, Shareholders
may be permitted to move their investment in Shares of the Fund into such other funds in connection with the Fund’s quarterly repurchases.
In this case, rather than tendering shares for cash, a Fund Shareholder would elect to have the dollar value of its Shares accepted
for purchases of shares of another CAM-managed fund. Such conversions would occur in conjunction with quarterly repurchases made by the
Fund and would be subject to those repurchase offer risks, such as the risk that Shareholders may be unable to liquidate all or a given percentage
of their investment in the Fund during a particular repurchase offer, that are described elsewhere in this Prospectus.
A
conversion of shares of one Class directly for shares of another Class of the Fund normally should not be taxable for federal income tax
purposes. You should consult your tax advisor before making a conversion.
Share
Class Considerations
When
selecting a share class, you should consider the following:
•
which
share classes are available to you;
•
how
much you intend to invest;
•
how
long you expect to own the shares; and
•
total
costs and expenses associated with a particular share class.
Each
investor’s financial considerations are different. You should speak with your financial advisor to help you decide which share class
is best for you. Not all Financial Intermediaries offer all classes of Shares. If your Financial Intermediary offers more than one class
of Shares, you should carefully consider which class of Shares to purchase.
Class W
Shares
Investors
purchasing Class W Shares may pay a sales load based on the amount of their investment in the Fund. The sales load payable by each
investor depends upon the amount invested by such investor in the Fund, but may range from 0.00% to 3.00%, as set forth below. The following
sales loads apply to your purchases of shares of the Fund:
Amount Purchased
|
|
|
Sales Load as %
of Offering Price |
|
|
Sales Load as %
of Amount Invested |
|
Under $250,000
|
|
|
|
|
3.00% |
|
|
|
|
|
3.09% |
|
|
$250,000 – $999,999
|
|
|
|
|
2.00% |
|
|
|
|
|
2.04% |
|
|
$1,000,000 and
Above |
|
|
|
|
1.00% |
|
|
|
|
|
1.01% |
|
|
You
may be able to buy Class W Shares without a sales charge (i.e., “load-waived”) when you are:
•
reinvesting
dividends or distributions;
•
a
current or former Trustee of the Fund;
•
an
employee (including the employee’s spouse, domestic partner, children, grandchildren, parents, grandparents, siblings or any dependent
of the employee, as defined in Section 152 of the Code) of the Fund’s Advisor or its affiliates or of a broker-dealer authorized
to sell shares of the Fund;
•
purchasing
shares through the Fund’s Advisor;
•
purchasing
shares through a financial services firm that has a special arrangement with the Fund; or
•
participating
in an investment advisory or agency commission program under which you pay a fee to an investment advisor or other firm for portfolio
management or brokerage services.
The
following are additional features that should be taken into account when purchasing Class W Shares:
•
a
minimum initial investment of $25,000, and a minimum subsequent investment of at least $10,000 (the Fund reserves the right to waive investment
minimums); and
•
a
Distribution Fee which will accrue at an annual rate equal to 0.50% of the average daily net assets of the Fund attributable to Class W
Shares.
Right
of Accumulation
For
the purposes of determining the applicable reduced sales charge, the right of accumulation allows you to include prior purchases of Class W
Shares of the Fund as part of your current investment as well as reinvested dividends. To qualify for this option, you must be either:
•
an
individual;
•
an
individual and spouse purchasing shares for your own account or trust or custodial accounts for your minor children; or
•
a
fiduciary purchasing for any one trust, estate or fiduciary account, including employee benefit plans created under Sections 401,
403 or 457 of the Code, including related plans of the same employer.
If
you plan to rely on this right of accumulation, you must notify the Fund’s distributor at the time of your purchase. You will need
to give the Distributor your account numbers. Existing holdings of family members or other related accounts of a Shareholder may be combined
for purposes of determining eligibility. If applicable, you will need to provide the account numbers of your spouse and your minor children
as well as the ages of your minor children.
Letter
of Intent
The
letter of intent allows you to count all investments within a 13-month period in Class W Shares of the Fund as if you were making
them all at once for the purposes of calculating the applicable reduced sales charges. The minimum initial investment under a letter of
intent is 5% of the total letter of intent amount. The letter of intent does not preclude the Fund from discontinuing sales of its shares.
You may include a purchase not originally made pursuant to a letter of intent under a letter of intent entered into within 90 days
of the original purchase. To determine the applicable sales charge reduction, you also may include (1) the cost of Class W Shares
of the Fund which were previously purchased at a price including a front end sales charge during the 90-day period prior to the Distributor
receiving the letter of intent, and (2) the historical cost of shares of other Funds you currently own acquired in exchange for Class W
Shares, respectively, the Fund purchased during that period at a price including a front-end sales charge. You may combine purchases and
exchanges by family members (as defined by your Financial Intermediary) for purposes of the letter of intent. You should retain any records
necessary to substantiate historical costs because the Fund, the transfer agent and any Financial Intermediaries may not maintain this
information. Shares acquired through reinvestment of dividends are not aggregated to achieve the stated investment goal.
Distribution
Plan
The
Fund, with respect to its Class W Shares, is authorized under a “Distribution Plan” to pay to the Distributor a Distribution
Fee for certain activities relating to the distribution of shares to investors. These activities include marketing and other activities
to support the distribution of Class W Shares. The Plan operates in a manner consistent with Rule 12b-1 under the 1940 Act,
which regulates the manner in which an open-end investment company may directly or indirectly bear the expenses of distributing its shares.
Although the Fund is not an open-end investment company, it has undertaken to comply with the terms of Rule 12b-1 as a condition
of an exemptive order under the 1940 Act which permits it to have asset based distribution fees. Under the Distribution Plan, the Fund
pays the Distributor a Distribution Fee at an annual rate of 0.50% of average daily net assets attributable to Class W Shares.
About
the Distributor
ALPS
Distributors, Inc., located at 1290 Broadway, Suite 1000, Denver, CO 80203, serves as distributor of the Fund’s Shares.
DISTRIBUTIONS
The
Fund intends to make a distribution each month to its Shareholders of the net investment income of the Fund after payment of Fund operating
expenses. The dividend rate may be modified by the Board from time to time. Distributions can only be made from net investment income
after paying any accrued dividends to holders of Preferred Shares.
To
the extent that any portion of the Fund’s monthly distributions are considered a return of capital to Shareholders, such portion
would not be considered dividends for U.S. federal income tax purposes, and would represent a return of the amounts that such Shareholders
invested. Although such return of capital distributions are not currently taxable to Shareholders, such distributions will have the effect
of lowering a Shareholder’s tax basis in such Shares, and could result in a higher tax liability when the Shares are sold, even
if they have not increased in value, or in fact, have lost value. The Fund’s final distribution for each tax year is expected to
include any remaining investment company taxable income and net tax-exempt income undistributed during the tax year, as well as any undistributed
net capital gain realized during the tax year. If the total distributions made in any tax year exceed investment company taxable income,
net tax-exempt income and net capital gain, such excess distributed amount would be treated as ordinary dividend income to the extent
of the Fund’s current and accumulated earnings and profits. This distribution policy, may, under certain circumstances, have adverse
consequences to the Fund and its Shareholders because it may result in a return of capital resulting in less of a Shareholder’s
assets being invested in the Fund and, over time, increase the Fund’s expense ratio. The distribution policy also may cause the
Fund to sell securities at a time it would not otherwise do so to manage the distribution of income and gain. The initial distribution
will be declared on date determined by the Board.
Each
year, a statement on Form 1099-DIV identifying the sources of the distributions (i.e.,
paid from ordinary income, paid from net capital gains on the sale of securities, and/or a return of capital, which is a nontaxable distribution)
will be furnished to Shareholders subject to IRS reporting. Fund ordinary distributions may exceed the Fund’s earnings, especially
during the period before the Fund has substantially invested the proceeds from this offering. To the extent that the Fund pays distributions
to Shareholders using proceeds it receives from Fund distributions, such distributions generally would constitute a return of investor
capital and generally will lower an investor’s tax basis in his or her Shares. A return of capital generally is a return of an investor’s
investment rather than a return of earnings or gains derived from the Fund’s investment activities. There can be no assurance that
the Fund will be able to pay distributions at a specific rate or at all.
As
discussed in the “Tax Aspects” section, to qualify for and maintain RIC tax treatment, the Fund is required to distribute
on a timely basis with respect to each tax year dividends for U.S. federal income tax purposes of an amount at least equal to the sum
of 90% of “investment company taxable income” and net tax-exempt interest income, determined without regard to any deduction
for dividends paid, for such tax year. To avoid certain excise taxes imposed on RICs, the Fund is required to distribute in respect of
each calendar year dividends of an amount at least equal to the sum of (1) 98% of ordinary income (taking into account certain deferrals
and elections) for the calendar year, (2) 98.2% of capital gain net income (adjusted for certain ordinary losses) generally for the
one-year period ending on October 31 of the calendar year and (3) any ordinary income and capital gain net income for previous calendar years
that were not distributed during such calendar years and on which the Fund paid no U.S. federal income tax. The Fund can offer no
assurance that it will achieve results that will permit the payment of any cash distributions. If the Fund issues senior securities, the
Fund will be prohibited from making distributions if doing so causes it to fail to maintain the asset coverage ratios stipulated by the
1940 Act or if distributions are limited by the terms of any of the Fund’s borrowings. Any such limitations would adversely impact
the Fund’s ability to make distributions to Shareholders.
Dividend
Reinvestment Plan
The
Fund will operate under the DRP administered by SS&C GIDS, Inc. Pursuant to the plan, the Fund’s Distributions, net of any applicable
U.S. withholding tax, are reinvested in the same class of shares of the Fund.
Shareholders
automatically participate in the DRP, unless and until an election is made to withdraw from the plan on behalf of such participating Shareholder.
A Shareholder who does not wish to have
Distributions
automatically reinvested may terminate participation in the DRP at any time by written instructions to that effect to SS&C GIDS, Inc.
Shareholders who elect not to participate in the DRP will receive all distributions in cash paid to the Shareholder of record (or, if
the shares are held in street or other nominee name, then to such nominee). Such written instructions must be received by the SS&C
GIDS, Inc. 30 days prior to the record date of the Distribution or the Shareholder will receive such Distribution in shares through
the DRP. Under the DRP, the Fund’s Distributions to Shareholders are automatically reinvested in full and fractional shares as described
below.
When
the Fund declares a Distribution, SS&C GIDS, Inc., on the Shareholder’s behalf, will receive additional authorized shares from
the Fund either newly issued or repurchased from Shareholders by the Fund and held as treasury stock. The number of shares to be received
when Distributions are reinvested will be determined by dividing the amount of the Distribution by the Fund’s NAV per share.
SS&C
GIDS, Inc. will maintain all Shareholder accounts and furnish written confirmations of all transactions in the accounts, including information
needed by Shareholders for personal and tax records. SS&C GIDS, Inc. will hold shares in the account of the Shareholders in non-certificated
form in the name of the participant, and each Shareholder’s proxy, if any, will include those shares purchased pursuant to the DRP.
Each participant, nevertheless, has the right to request certificates for whole and fractional shares owned. The Fund will issue certificates
in its sole discretion. SS&C GIDS, Inc. will distribute all proxy solicitation materials, if any, to participating Shareholders.
In
the case of Shareholders, such as banks, brokers or nominees, that hold shares for others who are beneficial owners participating under
the DRP, SS&C GIDS, Inc. will administer the DRP on the basis of the number of shares certified from time to time by the record Shareholder
as representing the total amount of shares registered in the Shareholder’s name and held for the account of beneficial owners participating
under the DRP.
Neither
SS&C GIDS, Inc. nor the Fund shall have any responsibility or liability beyond the exercise of ordinary care for any action taken
or omitted pursuant to the DRP, nor shall they have any duties, responsibilities or liabilities except such as expressly set forth herein.
Neither shall they be liable hereunder for any act done in good faith or for any good faith omissions to act, including, without limitation,
failure to terminate a participant’s account prior to receipt of written notice of his or her death or with respect to prices at
which shares are purchased or sold for the participants account and the terms on which such purchases and sales are made, subject to applicable
provisions of the federal securities laws.
The
automatic reinvestment of Dividends will not relieve participants of any federal, state or local income tax that may be payable (or required
to be withheld) on such Dividends. See “Tax Aspects.”
The
Fund reserves the right to amend or terminate the DRP. There is no direct service charge to participants with regard to purchases under
the DRP; however, the Fund reserves the right to amend the DRP to include a service charge payable by the participants.
All
correspondence concerning the DRP should be directed to SS&C GIDS, Inc. at CION Ares Diversified Credit Fund c/o SS&C GIDS,
Inc., P.O. Box 219422, Kansas City, MO 64121-9422. Certain transactions can be performed by calling the toll free number 888-729-4266.
FISCAL
YEAR; REPORTS
For
accounting purposes, the Fund’s fiscal year and tax year end on December 31. As soon as practicable after the end of each calendar
year, a statement on Form 1099-DIV identifying the sources of the distributions paid by the Fund to Shareholders for tax purposes will
be furnished to Shareholders subject to IRS reporting. In addition, the Fund will prepare and transmit to Shareholders an unaudited semi-annual
and an audited annual report within 60 days after the close of the period for which the report is being made, or as otherwise required
by the 1940 Act.
PRIVACY
NOTICE
We
are committed to maintaining the privacy of our Shareholders and to safeguarding their nonpublic personal information. The following information
is provided to help you understand what personal information we collect, how we protect that information and why, in certain cases, we
may share information with select other parties.
Generally,
we will not receive any non-public personal information about Shareholders of the common stock of the Fund, although certain of our Shareholders’
non-public information may become available to us. The non-public personal information that we may receive falls into the following categories:
•
Information
we receive from Shareholders, whether we receive it orally, in writing or electronically. This includes Shareholders’ communications
to us concerning their investment;
•
Information
about Shareholders’ transactions and history with us; or
•
Other
general information that we may obtain about Shareholders, such as demographic and contact information such as address.
We
do not disclose any non-public personal information about Shareholders, except:
•
to
our affiliates (such as our investment advisor) and their employees that have a legitimate business need for the information;
•
to
our service providers (such as our administrator, accountants, attorneys, custodians, transfer agent, underwriter and proxy solicitors)
and their employees as is necessary to service Shareholder accounts or otherwise provide the applicable service;
•
to
comply with court orders, subpoenas, lawful discovery requests, or other legal or regulatory requirements; or
•
as
allowed or required by applicable law or regulation.
When
the Fund shares non-public Shareholder personal information referred to above, the information is made available for limited business
purposes and under controlled circumstances designed to protect our Shareholders’ privacy. The Fund does not permit use of Shareholder
information for any non-business or marketing purpose, nor does the Fund permit third parties to rent, sell, trade or otherwise release
or disclose information to any other party.
The
Fund’s service providers, such as their advisor, administrator, and transfer agent, are required to maintain physical, electronic,
and procedural safeguards to protect Shareholder nonpublic personal information; to prevent unauthorized access or use; and to dispose
of such information when it is no longer required.
Personnel
of affiliates may access Shareholder information only for business purposes. The degree of access is based on the sensitivity of the information
and on personnel need for the information to service a Shareholder’s account or comply with legal requirements.
If
a Shareholder ceases to be a Shareholder, we will adhere to the privacy policies and practices as described above. We may choose to modify
our privacy policies at any time. Before we do so, we will notify Shareholders and provide a description of our privacy policy.
In
the event of a corporate change in control resulting from, for example, a sale to, or merger with, another entity, or in the event of
a sale of assets, we reserve the right to transfer your non-public personal information to the new party in control or the party acquiring
assets.
INQUIRIES
Inquiries
concerning the Fund and the Shares should be directed to:
CION
Ares Management, LLC
Investor Services
100 Grossman Drive, Suite 301
Braintree, MA 02184
888-729-4266
Investors
should rely only on the information contained in this prospectus. No dealer, salesperson or other individual has been authorized to give
any information or to make any representations that are not contained in this prospectus. If any such information or statements are given
or made, investors should not rely upon such information or representations. This prospectus does not constitute an offer to sell any
securities other than those to which this prospectus relates, or an offer to sell to, or a solicitation of an offer to buy from, any person
in any jurisdiction where such an offer or solicitation would be unlawful. This prospectus speaks as of the date set forth below. Investors
should not assume that the delivery of this prospectus or that any sale made pursuant to this prospectus implies that the information
contained in this prospectus will remain fully accurate and correct as of any time subsequent to the date of this prospectus.
CION
ARES DIVERSIFIED CREDIT FUND
COMMON
SHARES OF BENEFICIAL INTEREST
CLASS W SHARES (CADFX)
PROSPECTUS
April 28,
2023
CION ARES DIVERSIFIED
CREDIT FUND
COMMON SHARES OF BENEFICIAL INTEREST
CLASS A SHARES (CADEX), CLASS C SHARES (CADCX), CLASS I SHARES (CADUX),
CLASS L SHARES (CADWX), CLASS U SHARES (CADZX), CLASS U-2 SHARES (CADSX)
AND CLASS W SHARES (CADFX)
Statement
of Additional Information
April 28, 2023
CION Ares Diversified
Credit Fund (the “Fund”) is a Delaware statutory trust that is registered under the Investment Company Act of 1940, as amended
(the “1940 Act”), as a diversified, closed-end management investment company that is operated as an interval fund. The Fund’s
investment objective is to provide superior risk-adjusted returns across various market cycles by investing in a diversified portfolio
of liquid and illiquid asset classes. The Fund seeks to capitalize on market inefficiencies and relative value opportunities throughout
the entire global credit spectrum. There can be no assurance that the Fund will achieve its investment objective.
This Statement of Additional
Information (this “Statement of Additional Information”) is not a prospectus and is authorized for distribution to prospective
investors only if preceded or accompanied by the Class A, Class C, Class I, Class L, Class U, Class U-2
and Class W prospectuses, as applicable, each prospectus dated April 28, 2023 (together, the “Prospectus”). This
Statement of Additional Information should be read in conjunction with the Prospectus, a copy of which may be obtained upon request and
without charge by writing to the Fund at CION Securities, LLC, 100 Park Avenue, 25th
Floor, New York, NY 10017 or by calling toll-free 888-729-4266 or by accessing the Fund’s website at www.cioninvestments.com.
The information on the website is not incorporated by reference into this Statement of Additional Information and investors should not
consider it a part of this Statement of Additional Information. The Prospectus, and other information about the Fund, is also available
on the U.S. Securities and Exchange Commission’s (the “SEC”) website at http://www.sec.gov.
The address of the SEC’s website is provided solely for the information of prospective investors and is not intended to be an active
link.
Capitalized terms used
but not defined in this Statement of Additional Information have the meanings ascribed to them in the Prospectus.
INVESTMENT OBJECTIVES,
POLICIES AND RISKS
The following disclosure
supplements the disclosure set forth under the caption “Types of Investments and Related Risks” in the Prospectus and does
not, by itself, present a complete or accurate explanation of the matters disclosed. Prospective investors must refer also to “Types
of Investments and Related Risks” in the Prospectus for a complete presentation of the matters disclosed below.
Bank Loans and Participations
The Fund’s investment
program may include bank loans and participations. These obligations are subject to unique risks, including (i) the possible avoidance
of an investment transaction as a “preferential transfer,” “fraudulent conveyance” or “fraudulent transfer,”
among other avoidance actions, under relevant bankruptcy, insolvency and/or creditors’ rights laws; (ii) so-called “lender
liability” claims by the issuer of the obligations; (iii) environmental liabilities that may arise with respect to collateral
securing the obligations; (iv) limitations on the ability of the Fund to directly enforce its rights with respect to participations;
and (v) the contractual nature of participations where the Fund takes on the credit risk of the agent bank rather than the actual
borrower.
The Fund may acquire
interests in loans either directly (by way of assignment) or indirectly (by way of participation). The Fund typically acquires loans by
assignment, but may in some instances purchase loans by participation. The purchaser of an assignment typically succeeds to all the rights
and obligations of the assigning institution and becomes a contracting party under the loan agreement with respect to the loan; however,
its rights can be more restricted than those of the assigning institution. Participation in a portion of a loan typically results in a
contractual relationship only with the institution participating out the interest and not with the obligor. The Fund would, in such a
case, have the right to receive payments of principal and interest to which it is entitled only from the institution selling the participation,
and not directly from the obligor, and only upon receipt by such institution of such payments from the obligor. As the owner of a participation,
the Fund generally will have no right to enforce compliance by the obligor with the terms of the loan agreement or to vote on amendments
to the loan agreement, nor any rights of set-off against the obligor, and the Fund may not directly benefit from collateral supporting
the loan in which it has purchased the participation. In addition, in the event of the insolvency of the selling institution, the Fund
may be treated as a general creditor of such selling institution, and may not have any exclusive or senior claim with respect to the selling
institution’s interest in, or the collateral with respect to, the applicable loan. Consequently, the Fund will assume the credit
risk of both the obligor and the institution selling the participation to the Fund. As a result, concentrations of participations from
any one selling institution subject the Fund to an additional degree of risk with respect to defaults by such selling institution.
Fixed-Income Instruments
The Fund invests in
fixed-income instruments, such as high-yield corporate debt securities or bonds. Corporate bonds (“Corporate Bonds”) and
other fixed-income instruments are typically originated, negotiated and structured by a U.S. or foreign commercial bank, insurance company,
finance company or other financial institution (the “Underwriter”) for a group of investors (“Bond Investors”).
In secured fixed-income instrument offerings, an institution, typically but not always an agent affiliated with the Underwriter, holds
any collateral on behalf of the Bond Investors. The Fund may purchase fixed-income instruments either directly from the Underwriter or
from a Bond Investor.
An issuer of fixed-income
instruments must typically comply with the terms contained in a note purchase agreement or indenture between the issuer and the holders
of the instruments (the “Bond Agreement”). These Bond Agreements generally detail the schedule of payments and also place
certain restrictive financial and other covenants on the issuer, similar to those in loan agreements. A trustee typically administers
and enforces the terms of the Bond Agreement and the fixed-income instrument on behalf of all holders of the instrument.
The rights of holders
of high-yield corporate debt securities or bonds are generally subordinate to any existing senior or secured lenders in the issuer’s
capital structure and are structurally subordinated to the rights of any existing or future lenders to an issuer’s subsidiaries
that do not guarantee the high-yield corporate debt securities or bonds, and thus have a lower priority in payment than such lenders.
Debtor-in-Possession (“DIP”)
Loans
The Fund may invest
in or extend loans to companies that have filed for protection under Chapter 11 of the United States Bankruptcy Code. These DIP loans
are most often working-capital facilities put into place at the outset of a Chapter 11 case to provide the debtor with both immediate
cash and the ongoing working capital that will be required during the reorganization process. While such loans are generally viewed as
less risky than many other types of loans as a result of their seniority in the debtor’s capital structure, their underlying collateral
and because their terms will have been approved by a federal bankruptcy court order, the debtor’s reorganization efforts may fail
and the proceeds of the ensuing liquidation of the DIP lender’s collateral might be insufficient to repay the DIP loan.
Lender Liability
Under common law principles
that in some cases form the basis for lender liability claims, if a lender (i) intentionally takes an action that results in the
undercapitalization of a borrower or issuer to the detriment of other creditors of such borrower or issuer; (ii) engages in other
inequitable conduct to the detriment of such other creditors; or (iii) engages in fraud with respect to, or makes misrepresentations
to, such other creditors, a court may elect to subordinate the claim of the offending lender or bondholder to the claims of the disadvantaged
creditor or creditors (a remedy called “equitable subordination”). The Fund does not intend to engage in conduct that would
form the basis for a successful cause of action based upon the equitable subordination doctrine; however, because of the nature of the
debt obligations, the Fund may be subject to claims from creditors of an obligor that debt obligations of such obligor which are held
by the Fund should be equitably subordinated.
Restricted and Illiquid
Securities
The Fund may not be
able to readily dispose of illiquid securities at prices that approximate those at which the Fund could sell such securities if they were
more widely traded and, as a result of such illiquidity, the Fund may have to sell other investments or engage in borrowing transactions
if necessary to raise cash to meet its obligations.
The Fund may purchase
certain securities eligible for resale to qualified institutional buyers as contemplated by Rule 144A under the Securities Act of
1933, as amended (the “Securities Act” and, such securities, “Rule 144A Securities”). Rule 144A
provides an exemption from the registration requirements of the Securities Act for the resale of certain restricted securities to certain
qualified institutional buyers. One effect of Rule 144A is that certain restricted securities may be considered liquid, though no
assurance can be given that a liquid market for Rule 144A Securities will develop or be maintained. However, where a substantial
market of qualified institutional buyers has developed for certain unregistered securities purchased by the Fund pursuant to Rule 144A
under the Securities Act, the Fund intends to treat such securities as liquid securities in accordance with procedures approved by the
Board. Because it is not possible to predict with assurance how the market for Rule 144A Securities will develop, the Board directs
CION Ares Management, LLC (“CAM” or “Advisor”) and Ares Capital Management II LLC (“Ares Capital”
or “Sub-Advisor” and collectively with the Advisor, the “Advisors”), to carefully monitor the Fund’s
investments in such securities with particular regard to trading activity, availability of reliable price information and other relevant
information. To the extent that, for a period of time, qualified institutional buyers cease purchasing restricted securities pursuant
to Rule 144A, the Fund’s investing in such securities may have the effect of increasing the level of illiquidity in its investment
portfolio during such period.
Collateralized Debt
Obligations
The Fund may invest
in collateralized debt obligations (“CDOs”), which include collateralized bond obligations (“CBOs”), collateralized
loan obligations (“CLOs”) and other securitized products. CDOs are types of asset-backed securities. The risks of an investment
in a CDO depend largely on the type of collateral securities and the class of the CDO in which the Fund invests. Normally, CDOs, CBOs,
CLOs and other securitized products are privately offered and sold, and thus are not registered under the securities laws. As a result,
investments in CDOs may be characterized by the Fund as illiquid securities. However, an active dealer market may exist for CDOs, allowing
a CDO to qualify for transactions under Rule 144A of the Securities Act. In addition to the normal risks associated with fixed income
securities and
asset-backed securities generally discussed elsewhere
in this Statement of Additional Information, CDOs carry additional risks, including, but not limited to: (i) the possibility that
distributions from collateral securities will not be adequate to make interest or other payments; (ii) the risk that the collateral
may default or decline in value or be downgraded, if rated by a NRSRO; (iii) the Fund is likely to invest in tranches of CDOs that
are subordinate to other tranches; (iv) the structure and complexity of the transaction and the legal documents could lead to disputes
among investors regarding the characterization of proceeds; (v) the investment return achieved by the Fund could be significantly
different than those predicted by financial models; (vi) the lack of a readily available secondary market for CDOs; (vii) risk
of forced “fire sale” liquidation due to technical defaults such as coverage test failures; and (viii) the CDO’s
manager may perform poorly.
Structured
Products Risk. The Fund may invest in structured products, consisting of CLOs
and credit-linked notes. CLOs and structured products are generally backed by an asset or a pool of assets (often senior secured loans
and other credit-related assets in the case of a CLO) that serve as collateral. Holders of structured products bear the risks, including
credit risk, of the underlying investments, index or reference obligation and are subject to prepayment and counterparty risks.
In some instances,
such as in the case of most CLOs, structured products are issued in multiple tranches, offering investors various maturity and credit
risk characteristics, often categorized as senior, mezzanine and subordinated/equity according to their degree of risk. If there are defaults
or the relevant collateral otherwise underperforms, scheduled payments to senior tranches of such securities take precedence over those
of mezzanine tranches, and scheduled payments to mezzanine tranches take precedence over those to subordinated/equity tranches.
The Fund may have the
right to receive payments only from the structured product, and generally does not have direct rights against the issuer or the entity
that sold the assets to be securitized. While certain structured products enable the investor to acquire interests in a pool of securities
without the brokerage and other expenses associated with directly holding the same securities, investors in structured products generally
pay their share of the structured product’s administrative and other expenses. Although it is difficult to predict whether the
prices of indices and securities underlying structured products will rise or fall, these prices (and, therefore, the prices of structured
products) will be influenced by the same types of political and economic events that affect issuers of securities and capital markets
generally. If the issuer of a structured product uses shorter-term financing to purchase longer-term securities, the issuer may be forced
to sell its securities at below market prices if it experiences difficulty in obtaining short-term financing, which may adversely affect
the value of the structured products owned by the Fund.
Certain structured
products may be thinly traded or have a limited trading market. CLOs and credit-linked notes are typically privately offered and sold.
Structured products, and particularly subordinated interests thereof, are less liquid than many other types of securities and may be more
volatile than the underlying assets. As a result, investments in CLOs and credit-linked notes may be subject to liquidity risk and may
be characterized by the Fund as illiquid securities. In addition to the general risks associated with debt securities discussed herein,
CLOs carry additional risks, including, but not limited to: (i) the possibility that distributions from collateral securities will
not be adequate to make interest or other payments; (ii) the quality of the collateral may decline in value or default; (iii) the
fact that investments in CLO equity and junior debt tranches will likely be subordinate to other senior classes of CLO debt; and (iv) the
complex structure of the security may not be fully understood at the time of investment and may produce disputes with the issuer or unexpected
investment results.
In addition, changes
in the collateral held by a CLO may cause payments on the instruments the Fund holds to be reduced, either temporarily or permanently.
Further, the performance of a CLO or other structured products will be affected by a variety of factors, including the security’s
priority in the capital structure of the issuer thereof, the availability of any credit enhancement, the level and timing of payments
and recoveries on and the characteristics of the underlying receivables, loans or other assets that are being securitized, remoteness
of those assets from the originator or transferor, the adequacy of and ability to realize upon any related collateral and the capability
of the servicer of the securitized assets. There are also the risks that the trustee of a CLO does not properly carry out its duties to
the CLO, potentially resulting in loss to the CLO. In addition, the complex structure of the security may produce unexpected investment
results, especially during times of market stress or volatility.
Rights Offerings and Warrants to Purchase
The Fund may participate
in rights offerings and may purchase warrants, which are privileges issued by corporations enabling the owners to subscribe for and purchase
a specified number of shares of the corporation at a specified price during a specified period of time. Subscription rights normally have
a short life span to expiration. The purchase of rights or warrants involves the risk that the Fund could lose the purchase value of a
right or warrant if the right to subscribe for additional shares is not exercised prior to the rights’ or warrants’ expiration.
Also, the purchase of rights and/or warrants involves the risk that the effective price paid for the right and/or warrant added to the
subscription price of the related security may exceed the value of the related security’s market price such as when there is no
movement in the level of the underlying security.
Equity Securities
In addition to common
stock, the Fund may invest in other equity securities, including preferred stock, convertible securities and depositary receipts.
Preferred
Stock. Preferred stock has a preference over common stock in liquidation (and
generally dividends as well) but is subordinated to the liabilities of the issuer in all respects. As a general rule, the market value
of preferred stock with a fixed dividend rate and no conversion element varies inversely with interest rates and perceived credit risk,
while the market price of convertible preferred stock generally also reflects some element of conversion value. Because preferred stock
is junior to debt securities and other obligations of the issuer, deterioration in the credit quality of the issuer will cause greater
changes in the value of the issuer’s preferred stock than in more senior credit securities with similar stated yield characteristics.
Unlike interest payments on debt securities, preferred stock dividends are payable only if declared by the issuer’s board of directors.
Preferred stock also may be subject to optional or mandatory redemption provisions.
Convertible
Securities. Convertible securities are bonds, debentures, notes, preferred
stocks or other securities that may be converted into or exchanged for a specified amount of common stock or other equity security of
the same or a different issuer within a particular period of time at a specified price or formula. A convertible security entitles its
holder to receive interest that is generally paid or accrued on debt or a dividend that is paid on preferred stock until the convertible
security matures or is redeemed, converted or exchanged. Before conversion, convertible securities have characteristics similar to nonconvertible
income securities in that they ordinarily provide a stable stream of income with generally higher yields than those of common stocks of
the same or similar issuers, but lower yields than comparable nonconvertible securities. The investment value of a convertible security
is influenced by changes in interest rates, with investment value declining as interest rates increase and increasing as interest rates
decline. The credit standing of the issuer and other factors also may have an effect on the convertible security’s investment value.
Convertible securities rank senior to common stock in a corporation’s capital structure but are usually subordinated to comparable
nonconvertible securities. Convertible securities may be subject to redemption at the option of the issuer at a price established in the
convertible security’s governing instrument.
Depositary
Receipts. The Fund may hold investments in sponsored and unsponsored American
depositary receipts (“ADRs”), European depositary receipts (“EDRs”), global depositary receipts (“GDRs”)
and other similar global instruments. ADRs typically are issued by a U.S. bank or trust company and evidence ownership of underlying securities
issued by a non-U.S. corporation. EDRs, which are sometimes referred to as continental depositary receipts, are receipts issued in Europe,
typically by non-U.S. banks and trust companies, that evidence ownership of either non-U.S. or domestic underlying securities. GDRs are
depositary receipts structured like global debt issues to facilitate trading on an international basis. Unsponsored ADR, EDR and GDR programs
are organized independently and without the cooperation of the issuer of the underlying securities. As a result, available information
concerning the issuer may not be as current as for sponsored ADRs, EDRs and GDRs, and the prices of unsponsored ADRs, EDRs and GDRs may
be more volatile than if such instruments were sponsored by the issuer. Investments in ADRs, EDRs and GDRs present the additional investment
considerations of non-U.S. securities.
Cash Equivalents and Short-Term Debt
Securities
For temporary defensive
purposes, the Fund may invest up to 100% of its assets in cash equivalents and short-term debt securities. Short-term debt securities
are defined to include, without limitation, the following:
(1) U.S. government
securities, including bills, notes and bonds differing as to maturity and rates of interest that are either issued or guaranteed by the
U.S. Treasury or by U.S. government agencies or instrumentalities. U.S. government securities include securities issued by: (a) the
Federal Housing Administration, Farmers Home Administration, Export-Import Bank of the United States, Small Business Administration and
Government National Mortgage Association, the securities of which are supported by the full faith and credit of the United States; (b) the
Federal Home Loan Banks, Federal Intermediate Credit Banks and Tennessee Valley Authority, the securities of which are supported by the
right of the agency to borrow from the U.S. Treasury; (c) the Federal National Mortgage Association, the securities of which are
supported by the discretionary authority of the U.S. government to purchase certain obligations of the agency or instrumentality; and
(d) the Student Loan Marketing Association, the securities of which are supported only by its credit. While the U.S. government provides
financial support to such U.S. government-sponsored agencies or instrumentalities, no assurance can be given that it always will do so
since it is not so obligated by law. The U.S. government, its agencies and instrumentalities do not guarantee the market value of their
securities. Consequently, the value of such securities may fluctuate. The economic crisis in the United States during 2008 and 2009 negatively
impacted government-sponsored entities. As the real estate market has deteriorated through declining home prices and increasing foreclosure,
government-sponsored entities, which back the majority of U.S. mortgages have experienced extreme volatility, and in some cases, a lack
of liquidity. The Advisors will monitor developments and seek to manage the Fund’s portfolio in a manner consistent with achieving
the Fund’s investment objective, but there can be no assurance that it will be successful in doing so.
(2) Certificates of
deposit issued against funds deposited in a bank or a savings and loan association. Such certificates are for a definite period of time,
earn a specified rate of return and are normally negotiable. The issuer of a certificate of deposit agrees to pay the amount deposited
plus interest to the bearer of the certificate on the date specified thereon. Certificates of deposit purchased by the Fund may not be
fully insured by the Federal Deposit Insurance Corporation.
(3) Repurchase agreements,
which involve purchases of debt securities. At the time the Fund purchases securities pursuant to a repurchase agreement, it simultaneously
agrees to resell and redeliver such securities to the seller, who also simultaneously agrees to buy back the securities at a fixed price
and time. This assures a predetermined yield for the Fund during its holding period, since the resale price is always greater than the
purchase price and reflects an agreed-upon market rate. Such actions afford an opportunity for the Fund to invest temporarily available
cash. The Fund may enter into repurchase agreements only with respect to obligations of the U.S. government, its agencies or instrumentalities;
certificates of deposit; or bankers’ acceptances in which the Fund may invest. Repurchase agreements may be considered loans to
the seller, collateralized by the underlying securities. The risk to the Fund is limited to the ability of the seller to pay the agreed-upon
sum on the repurchase date; in the event of default, the repurchase agreement provides that the Fund is entitled to sell the underlying
collateral. If the value of the collateral declines after the agreement is entered into, and if the seller defaults under a repurchase
agreement when the value of the underlying collateral is less than the repurchase price, the Fund could incur a loss of both principal
and interest. The Advisors will monitor the value of the collateral at the time the action is entered into and at all times during the
term of the repurchase agreement. The Advisors will do so in an effort to determine that the value of the collateral always equals or
exceeds the agreed-upon repurchase price to be paid to the Fund. If the seller were to be subject to a federal bankruptcy proceeding,
the ability of the Fund to liquidate the collateral could be delayed or impaired because of certain provisions of the bankruptcy laws.
(4) Commercial paper,
which consists of short-term unsecured promissory notes, including variable rate master demand notes issued by corporations to finance
their current operations. Master demand notes are direct lending arrangements between the Fund and a corporation. There is no secondary
market for such notes. However, they are redeemable by the Fund at any time. The Advisors will consider the financial condition of the
corporation (e.g., earning power,
cash flow and other liquidity ratios) and will continuously monitor the corporation’s ability to meet all of its financial obligations,
because the Fund’s liquidity might
be impaired if the corporation were unable to pay principal
and interest on demand. Investments in commercial paper will be limited to commercial paper rated in the highest categories by a major
rating agency and which mature within one year of the date of purchase or carry a variable or floating rate of interest.
Risks of Foreign Investments
Investments in foreign
issuers or securities principally traded outside the United States may involve special risks due to foreign economic, political and legal
developments, including favorable or unfavorable changes in currency exchange rates, exchange control regulations (including currency
blockage), expropriation, nationalization or confiscatory taxation of assets, sanctions, and possible difficulty in obtaining and enforcing
judgments against foreign entities. The Fund may be subject to foreign taxation on realized capital gains, dividends or interest payable
on foreign securities, on transactions in those securities and on the repatriation of proceeds generated from those securities. Transaction-based
charges are generally calculated as a percentage of the transaction amount and are paid upon the sale or transfer of portfolio securities
subject to such taxes. Any taxes or other charges paid or incurred by the Fund in respect of its foreign securities will reduce the Fund’s
yield.
In addition, the tax
laws of some foreign jurisdictions in which the Fund may invest are unclear and interpretations of such laws can change over time. As
a result, to comply with guidance related to the accounting and disclosure of uncertain tax positions under generally accepted accounting
principles, the Fund may be required to accrue for book purposes certain foreign taxes in respect of its foreign securities or other foreign
investments that it may or may not ultimately pay. Such tax accruals will reduce the Fund’s net asset value (“NAV”)
at the time accrued, even though, in some cases, the Fund ultimately will not pay the related tax liabilities. Conversely, the Fund’s
NAV will be increased by any tax accruals that are ultimately reversed.
Issuers of foreign
securities are subject to different, often less comprehensive, accounting, custody, reporting and disclosure requirements than U.S. issuers.
The securities of some foreign governments, companies and securities markets are less liquid, and at times more volatile, than comparable
U.S. securities and securities markets. Foreign brokerage commissions and related fees also are generally higher than those in the United
States. Investments in foreign securities also may be affected by different custody and/or settlement practices or delayed settlements
in some foreign markets. The laws of some foreign countries may limit the Fund’s ability to invest in securities of certain issuers
located in those countries. Foreign countries may have reporting requirements with respect to the ownership of securities, and those reporting
requirements may be subject to interpretation or change without prior notice to investors. No assurance can be given that the Fund will
satisfy applicable foreign reporting requirements at all times.
When-Issued and Forward
Commitment Securities
The Fund may purchase
securities on a “when-issued” basis and may purchase or sell securities on a “forward commitment” basis to
acquire the security or to hedge against anticipated changes in interest rates and prices. When such transactions are negotiated, the
price, which is generally expressed in yield terms, is fixed at the time the commitment is made, but delivery and payment for the securities
take place at a later date. When-issued securities and forward commitments may be sold prior to the settlement date, but the Fund will
enter into when-issued and forward commitments only with the intention of actually receiving or delivering the securities, as the case
may be. If the Fund disposes of the right to acquire a when-issued security prior to its acquisition or disposes of its right to deliver
or receive against a forward commitment, it might incur a gain or loss. There is always a risk that the securities may not be delivered
and that the Fund may incur a loss. Settlements in the ordinary course, which may take substantially more than five business days, are
not treated by the Fund as when-issued or forward commitment transactions and accordingly are not subject to the foregoing restrictions.
Securities purchased
on a forward commitment or when-issued basis are subject to changes in value (generally changing in the same way, i.e.,
appreciating when interest rates decline and depreciating when interest rates rise) based upon the public’s perception of the creditworthiness
of the issuer and changes, actual or anticipated, in the level of interest rates. Securities purchased on a forward commitment or when-issued
basis may expose the Fund to risks because they may experience such fluctuations prior to
their actual delivery. Purchasing securities on a when-issued
basis can involve the additional risks that the yield available in the market when the delivery takes place actually may be higher than
that obtained in the transaction itself. Purchasing securities on a forward commitment or when-issued basis when the Fund is fully invested
may result in greater potential fluctuation in the Fund’s NAV.
The risks and effect
of settlements in the ordinary course on the Fund’s NAV are not the same as the risks and effect of when-issued and forward commitment
securities.
The purchase price
of when-issued and forward commitment securities are expressed in yield terms, which reference a floating rate of interest, and is therefore
subject to fluctuations of the security’s value in the market from the date of the Fund’s commitment (the “Commitment
Date”) to the date of the actual delivery and payment for such securities (the “Settlement Date”). There is a risk
that, on the Settlement Date, the Fund’s payment of the final purchase price, which is calculated on the yield negotiated on the
Commitment Date, will be higher than the market’s valuation of the security on the Settlement Date. This same risk is also borne
if the Fund disposes of its right to acquire a when-issued security, or its right to deliver or receive, a forward commitment security,
and there is a downward market movement in the value of the security from the Commitment Date to the Settlement Date. In some instances,
no income accrues to the Fund during the period from the Commitment Date to the Settlement Date. On the other hand, the Fund may incur
a gain if the Fund invests in when-issued and forward commitment securities and correctly anticipates the rise in interest rates and prices
in the market.
The settlements of
secondary market purchases of senior loans in the ordinary course, on a settlement date beyond the period expected by loan market participants
(i.e., T+7 for par loans and T+20
for distressed loans, in other words more than seven or twenty business days beyond the trade date, respectively) are subject to the delayed
compensation mechanics prescribed by the Loan Syndications and Trading Association (“LSTA”). For par loans, income accrues
to the buyer of the senior loan (the “Buyer”) during the period beginning on the last date by which the senior loan purchase
should have settled (T+7) to and including the actual settlement date. Should settlement of a par senior loan purchase in the secondary
market be delayed beyond the T+7 period prescribed by the LSTA, the Buyer is typically compensated for such delay through a payment from
the seller of the senior loan (this payment may be netted from the wire released on settlement date for the purchase price of the senior
loan paid by the Buyer). In brief, the adjustment is typically calculated by multiplying the notional amount of the trade by the applicable
margin in the Loan Agreement prorated for the number of business days (calculated using a year of 360 days) beyond the settlement
period prescribed by the LSTA, plus any amendment or consent fees that the buyer should have received. Furthermore, the purchase of a
senior loan in the secondary market is typically negotiated and finalized pursuant to a binding trade confirmation, and therefore, the
risk of non-delivery of the security to the Fund is reduced or eliminated when compared with such risk when investing in when-issued or
forward commitment securities.
Stressed Investments
The Fund invests in
securities and other obligations of companies that involve significant financial or business distress, including companies involved in
bankruptcy or other reorganization and liquidation proceedings. In any investment opportunity involving any such type, there exists the
risk that the contemplated transaction either will be unsuccessful, will take considerable time or will result in a distribution of cash
or new securities, the value of which may be less than the purchase price paid by the Fund for the securities or other financial instruments
in respect of which such distribution is received. Similarly, if an anticipated transaction does not in fact occur, the Fund may be required
to sell its investment at a loss. The consummation of such transactions can be prevented or delayed by a variety of factors, including,
but not limited to: (i) intervention of a regulatory agency; (ii) market conditions resulting in material changes in securities
prices; (iii) compliance with any applicable bankruptcy, insolvency or securities laws; and/or (iv) the inability to obtain
adequate financing. Because there is substantial uncertainty concerning the outcome of transactions involving financially troubled companies
in which the Fund invests, there is a potential risk of loss by the Fund of its entire investment in such companies.
Certain Bankruptcy and Insolvency Issues
Some of the companies
in which the Fund invests may be involved in complex bankruptcy or insolvency proceedings in the United States or elsewhere. There are
a number of significant risks inherent in the bankruptcy or insolvency process. The Fund cannot guarantee the outcome of any bankruptcy
or insolvency proceeding.
Under U.S. bankruptcy
or other insolvency proceedings, the Fund may risk taking a loss on its investment and having its claim released or discharged against
the debtor and third parties. For example, under a plan of reorganization, the Fund could receive a cash distribution for less than its
initial investment or receive securities or other financial instruments in exchange for its claims, which then could be discharged and
released against the debtor or other third parties. In addition, through U.S. bankruptcy proceedings, a debtor can effectuate a sale of
assets with a purchaser acquiring such assets free and clear of any claims or liens underlying the Fund’s investment, with the
Fund having only potential recourse to the proceeds of the sale.
Under certain circumstances,
payments or grants of security to the Fund may be reclaimed, recharacterized or avoided if any such payment or grant is later determined
by the applicable court to have been a fraudulent conveyance, fraudulent transfer, preferential payment or otherwise subject to avoidance
under applicable law. In addition, especially in the case of investments made prior to the commencement of bankruptcy proceedings, creditors
can lose their ranking and priority if they exercise “domination and control” of a debtor and other creditors can demonstrate
that they have been harmed by such actions.
Many events in a bankruptcy
are often beyond the control of the creditors. While creditors may be given an opportunity to object to or otherwise participate in significant
actions, there can be no assurance that a court in the exercise of its broad powers or discretion would not approve actions that would
be contrary to the interests of the Fund.
The duration of a bankruptcy
or insolvency proceeding is difficult to predict. A creditor’s return on investment can be adversely impacted by delays while a
plan of reorganization is being negotiated, approved by the creditors and confirmed by the bankruptcy court and until the plan ultimately
becomes effective. Similar delays can occur while a court considers a sale or other restructuring transaction. In addition, the administrative
costs in connection with a bankruptcy or insolvency proceeding are frequently high and will be paid out of the debtor’s estate
prior to any return to unsecured creditors or equity holders. If a proceeding involves protracted or difficult litigation, or turns into
a liquidation, substantial assets may be devoted to administrative costs. Also, in the early stages of the bankruptcy process, it is often
difficult to estimate the extent of, or even to identify, any contingent claims that might be made. Further, certain claims that have
priority by law (for example, claims for taxes) may be quite substantial.
The effect of a bankruptcy
filing on or by a portfolio company may adversely and permanently affect the portfolio company. The portfolio company may lose its market
position, going concern value and key employees and otherwise become incapable of restoring itself as a viable entity. If the proceeding
is converted to a liquidation, the liquidation value of the portfolio company may not equal the liquidation value that was believed to
exist at the time of the investment.
Other Portfolio Strategies
Short
Sales
The Fund may engage
in short sales of securities, particularly of Corporate Bonds and other fixed-income instruments. A short sale is a transaction in which
the Fund sells a security it does not own as a means of attractive financing for purchasing other assets or in anticipation that the market
price of that security will decline. The Fund may make short sales for financing, for risk management, to maintain portfolio flexibility
or to enhance income or gain.
When the Fund makes
a short sale, it must borrow the security sold short and deliver it to the broker-dealer through which it made the short sale as collateral
for its obligation to deliver the security upon conclusion of the sale. The Fund may have to pay a fee to borrow particular securities
and is often obligated to pay over any payments received on such borrowed securities.
The Fund’s obligation to replace
the borrowed security may be secured by collateral deposited with the broker-dealer, usually cash, U.S. government securities or other
liquid securities. The Fund may also be required to designate on its books and records similar collateral with its custodian to the extent,
if any, necessary so that the aggregate collateral value is at all times at least equal to the current market value of the security sold
short. Depending on arrangements made with the broker-dealer from which it borrowed the security regarding payment over of any payments
received by the Fund on such security, the Fund may not receive any payments (including interest) on its collateral deposited with such
broker-dealer.
Short selling involves
a number of risks. If a security sold short increases in price, the Fund may have to cover its short position at a higher price than the
short sale price, resulting in a loss. The Fund may, but is not expected to, have substantial short positions and may engage in short
sales where it does not own or have the immediate right to acquire the security sold short, and as such must borrow those securities to
make delivery to the buyer under the short sale transaction. The Fund may not be able to borrow a security that it needs to deliver or
it may not be able to close out a short position at an acceptable price and may have to sell related long positions earlier than it had
expected. Thus, the Fund may not be able to successfully implement any short sale strategy it employs due to limited availability of desired
securities or for other reasons. Also, there is the risk that the counterparty to a short sale may fail to honor its contractual terms,
causing a loss to the Fund.
The Fund’s ability
to access the pledged collateral may also be impaired in the event the broker becomes bankrupt, insolvent or otherwise fails to comply
with the terms of the contract. In such instances, the Fund may not be able to substitute or sell the pledged collateral and may experience
significant delays in obtaining any recovery in a bankruptcy or other reorganization proceeding. This may limit the Fund’s investment
flexibility, as well as its ability to meet other current obligations.
In times of unusual
or adverse market, economic, regulatory or political conditions, the Fund may not be able, fully or partially, to implement its short
selling strategy. Periods of unusual or adverse market, economic, regulatory or political conditions generally may exist for as long as
six months and, in some cases, much longer.
Derivatives
General
Limitations on Futures and Options Transactions. The Sub-Advisor with respect
to the Fund has filed a notice of eligibility for an exclusion from the definition of the term “commodity pool operator”
with the U.S. Commodity Futures Trading Commission (the “CFTC”) and the National Futures Association (the “NFA”),
which regulate trading in the futures markets. Pursuant to CFTC Regulation 4.5, the Sub-Advisor and the Fund are not subject to regulation
as a commodity pool or commodity pool operator under the Commodity Exchange Act (the “CEA”), as amended. If the Sub-Advisor
or the Fund becomes subject to these requirements, as well as related NFA rules, the Fund may incur additional compliance and other expenses.
Various exchanges and
regulatory authorities have undertaken reviews of options and futures trading in light of market volatility. Among the possible actions
that have been presented are proposals to adopt new or more stringent daily price fluctuation limits for futures and options transactions
and proposals to increase the margin requirements for various types of futures transactions.
Options. The
Fund may purchase put and call options on currencies or securities. A put option gives the purchaser the right to compel the writer of
the option to purchase from the option holder an underlying currency or security or its equivalent at a specified price at any time during
the option period. In contrast, a call option gives the purchaser the right to buy the underlying currency or security covered by the
option or its equivalent from the writer of the option at the stated exercise price.
As a holder of a put
option, the Fund will have the right to sell the currencies or securities underlying the option and as the holder of a call option, the
Fund will have the right to purchase the currencies or securities underlying the option, in each case at their exercise price at any time
prior to the option’s expiration date. The Fund may seek to terminate its option positions prior to their expiration by entering
into closing transactions. The ability of the Fund to enter into a closing sale transaction depends on the existence of a liquid secondary
market. There can be no assurance that a closing purchase or sale transaction can be effected when the Fund so desires.
Certain Considerations
Regarding Options. The hours of trading for options may not conform to the
hours during which the underlying securities are traded. To the extent that the options markets close before the markets for the underlying
securities, significant price and rate movements can take place in the underlying markets that cannot be reflected in the options markets.
The purchase of options is a highly specialized activity which involves investment techniques and risks different from those associated
with ordinary portfolio securities transactions. The purchase of options involves the risk that the premium and transaction costs paid
by the Fund in purchasing an option will be lost as a result of unanticipated movements in prices of the securities on which the option
is based. Imperfect correlation between the options and securities markets may detract from the effectiveness of attempted hedging. Options
transactions may result in significantly higher transaction costs and portfolio turnover for the Fund.
Some, but not all,
of the Fund’s options may be traded and listed on an exchange. There is no assurance that a liquid secondary market on an options
exchange will exist for any particular option at any particular time, and for some options no secondary market on an exchange or elsewhere
may exist. If the Fund is unable to effect a closing sale transaction with respect to options on securities that it has purchased, it
would have to exercise the option to realize any profit and would incur transaction costs upon the purchase and sale of the underlying
securities.
Futures
Contracts. The Fund may enter into securities-related futures contracts, including
security futures contracts, as an anticipatory hedge. The Fund’s derivative investments may include sales of futures as an offset
against the effect of expected declines in securities prices and purchases of futures as an offset against the effect of expected increases
in securities prices. The Fund does not enter into futures contracts which are prohibited under the CEA and will, to the extent required
by regulatory authorities, enter only into futures contracts that are traded on exchanges and are standardized as to maturity date and
underlying financial instrument. A security futures contract is a legally binding agreement between two parties to purchase or sell in
the future a specific quantity of a security or of the component securities of a narrow-based security index, at a certain price. A person
who buys a security futures contract enters into a contract to purchase an underlying security and is said to be “long”
the contract. A person who sells a security futures contract enters into a contract to sell the underlying security and is said to be
“short” the contract. The price at which the contract trades (the “contract price”) is determined by relative
buying and selling interest on a regulated exchange.
Transaction costs
are incurred when a futures contract is bought or sold and margin deposits must be maintained. To enter into a security futures contract,
the Fund must deposit funds with its futures commodities merchant equal to a specified percentage of the current market value of
the contract as a performance bond. Moreover, all security futures contracts are marked-to-market at least daily, usually after the close
of trading. At that time, the account of each buyer and seller reflects the amount of any gain or loss on the security futures contract
based on the contract price established at the end of the day for settlement purposes.
An open position,
either a long or short position, is typically closed or liquidated by entering into an offsetting transaction (i.e.,
an equal and opposite transaction to the one that opened the position) prior to the contract expiration. Traditionally, most futures contracts
are liquidated prior to expiration through an offsetting transaction and, thus, holders do not incur a settlement obligation. If the offsetting
purchase price is less than the original sale price, a gain will be realized; if it is more, a loss will be realized. Conversely, if the
offsetting sale price is more than the original purchase price, a gain will be realized; if it is less, a loss will be realized. The transaction
costs must also be included in these calculations. However, there can be no assurance that the Fund will be able to enter into an offsetting
transaction with respect to a particular futures contract at a particular time. If the Fund is not able to enter into an offsetting transaction,
the Fund will continue to be required to maintain the margin deposits on the futures contract and the Fund may not be able to realize
a gain in the value of its future position or prevent losses from mounting. This inability to liquidate could occur, for example, if trading
is halted due to unusual trading activity in either the security futures contract or the underlying security; if trading is halted due
to recent news events involving the issuer of the underlying security; if systems failures occur on an exchange or at the firm carrying
the position; or, if the position is on an illiquid market. Even if the Fund can liquidate its position, it may be forced to do so at
a price that involves a large loss.
Under certain market
conditions, it may also be difficult or impossible to manage the risk from open security futures positions by entering into an equivalent
but opposite position in another contract month,
on another market, or in the underlying security. This
inability to take positions to limit the risk could occur, for example, if trading is halted across markets due to unusual trading activity
in the security futures contract or the underlying security or due to recent news events involving the issuer of the underlying security.
There can be no assurance
that a liquid market will exist at a time when the Fund seeks to close out a futures contract position. The Fund would continue to be
required to meet margin requirements until the position is closed, possibly resulting in a decline in the Fund’s NAV. In addition,
many of the contracts discussed above are relatively new instruments without a significant trading history. As a result, there can be
no assurance that an active secondary market will develop or continue to exist.
Security futures contracts
that are not liquidated prior to expiration must be settled in accordance with the terms of the contract. Depending on the terms of the
contract, some security futures contracts are settled by physical delivery of the underlying security. At the expiration of a security
futures contract that is settled through physical delivery, a person who is long the contract must pay the final settlement price set
by the regulated exchange or the clearing organization and take delivery of the underlying securities. Conversely, a person who is short
the contract must make delivery of the underlying securities in exchange for the final settlement price. Settlement with physical delivery
may involve additional costs.
Depending on the terms
of the contract, other security futures contracts are settled through cash settlement. In this case, the underlying security is not delivered.
Instead, any positions in such security futures contracts that are open at the end of the last trading day are settled through a final
cash payment based on a final settlement price determined by the exchange or clearing organization. Once this payment is made, neither
party has any further obligations on the contract.
As noted above, margin
is the amount of funds that must be deposited by the Fund to initiate futures trading and to maintain the Fund’s open positions
in futures contracts. A margin deposit is intended to ensure the Fund’s performance of the futures contract. The margin required
for a particular futures contract is set by the exchange on which the futures contract is traded and may be significantly modified from
time to time by the exchange during the term of the futures contract.
If the price of an
open futures contract changes (by increase in the case of a sale or by decrease in the case of a purchase) so that the loss on the futures
contract reaches a point at which the margin on deposit does not satisfy margin requirements, the broker will require an increase in the
margin. However, if the value of a position increases because of favorable price changes in the futures contract so that the margin deposit
exceeds the required margin, the broker will pay the excess to the Fund. In computing daily NAV, the Fund will mark to market the current
value of its open futures contracts. The Fund expects to earn interest income on its margin deposits.
Because of the low
margin deposits required, futures contracts trading involves an extremely high degree of leverage. As a result, a relatively small price
movement in a futures contract may result in an immediate and substantial loss or gain to the investor. For example, if at the time of
purchase 10% of the value of the futures contract is deposited as margin, a subsequent 10% decrease in the value of the futures contract
would result in a total loss of the margin deposit, before any deduction for the transaction costs, if the account were then closed out.
A 15% decrease would result in a loss equal to 150% of the original margin deposit, before any deduction for the transaction costs, if
the account were then closed out. Thus, a purchase or sale of a futures contract may result in losses in excess of the amount initially
invested in the futures contract. However, the Fund would presumably have sustained comparable losses if, instead of the futures contract,
it had invested in the underlying financial instrument and sold it after the decline.
In addition to the
foregoing, imperfect correlation between futures contracts and the underlying securities may prevent the Fund from achieving the intended
hedge or expose the Fund to risk of loss. Under certain market conditions, the prices of security futures contracts may not maintain their
customary or anticipated relationships to the prices of the underlying security or index. These pricing disparities could occur, for example,
when the market for the security futures contract is illiquid, when the primary market for the underlying security is closed, or when
the reporting of transactions in the underlying security has been delayed.
In addition, the value
of a position in security futures contracts could be affected if trading is halted in either the security futures contract or the underlying
security. In certain circumstances, regulated exchanges
are required by law to halt trading in security futures
contracts. For example, trading on a particular security futures contract must be halted if trading is halted on the listed market for
the underlying security as a result of pending news, regulatory concerns or market volatility. Similarly, trading of a security futures
contract on a narrow-based security index must be halted under circumstances where trading is halted on securities accounting for at least
50% of the market capitalization of the index. In addition, regulated exchanges are required to halt trading in all security futures contracts
for a specified period of time when the S&P 500 Index experiences one-day declines of 7%, 13% and 20%. The regulated exchanges may
also have discretion under their rules to halt trading in other circumstances, such as when the exchange determines that the halt would
be advisable in maintaining a fair and orderly market.
A trading halt, either
by a regulated exchange that trades security futures or an exchange trading the underlying security or instrument, could prevent the Fund
from liquidating a position in security futures contracts in a timely manner, which could expose the Fund to a loss.
Each regulated exchange
trading a security futures contract may also open and close for trading at different times than other regulated exchanges trading security
futures contracts or markets trading the underlying security or securities. Trading in security futures contracts prior to the opening
or after the close of the primary market for the underlying security may be less liquid than trading during regular market hours.
Swap
Agreements. The Fund may enter into swap agreements. In a standard “swap”
transaction, two parties agree to exchange the returns, differentials in rates of return or some other amount earned or realized on the
“notional amount” of predetermined investments or instruments, which may be adjusted for an interest factor. Some swaps
are structured to include exposure to a variety of different types of investments or market factors, such as interest rates, commodity
prices, non-U.S. currency rates, mortgage securities, corporate borrowing rates, security prices, indexes or inflation rates. Swap agreements
may be negotiated bilaterally and traded OTC between two parties or, in some instances, must be transacted through a futures commission
merchant and cleared through a clearinghouse that serves as a central counterparty. Certain risks are reduced (but not eliminated) if
a fund invests in cleared swaps. Certain standardized swaps, including certain credit default swaps, are subject to mandatory clearing,
and more are expected to be in the future. The counterparty risk for cleared derivatives is generally lower than for uncleared derivatives,
but cleared contracts are not risk-free.
Swap agreements may
increase or decrease the overall volatility of the Fund’s investments and the price of the common shares of beneficial interest
of the Fund (“Shares”). The performance of swap agreements may be affected by a change in the specific interest rate, currency
or other factors that determine the amounts of payments due to and from the Fund. If a swap agreement calls for payments by the Fund,
the Fund must be prepared to make such payments when due. In addition, if the counterparty’s creditworthiness declines, the value
of a swap agreement would likely decline, potentially resulting in losses.
Generally, swap agreements
have fixed maturity dates that are agreed upon by the parties to the swap. The agreement can be terminated before the maturity date only
under limited circumstances, such as default by or insolvency of one of the parties and can be transferred by a party only with the prior
written consent of the other party. The Fund may be able to eliminate its exposure under a swap agreement either by assignment or other
disposition, or by entering into an offsetting swap agreement with the same party or a similarly creditworthy party. If the counterparty
is unable to meet its obligations under the contract, declares bankruptcy, defaults or becomes insolvent, it is possible that the Fund
may not be able to recover the money it expected to receive under the contract.
A swap agreement can
be a form of leverage, which can magnify the Fund’s gains or losses. The use of swaps can cause the Fund to be subject to additional
regulatory requirements, which may generate additional Fund expenses.
The Fund monitors any
swaps with a view towards ensuring that the Fund remains in compliance with all applicable regulatory, investment and tax requirements.
Equity
Swaps. In a typical equity swap, one party agrees to pay another party the
return on a security, security index or basket of securities in return for a specified interest rate. By entering into an equity index
swap, the index receiver can gain exposure to securities making up the index of securities without actually
purchasing those securities. Equity index swaps involve
not only the risk associated with investment in the securities represented in the index, but also the risk that the performance of such
securities, including dividends, will not exceed the interest that the Fund will be committed to pay under the swap.
Derivatives
Regulatory Risk. In August 2022, Rule 18f-4 under the 1940 Act,
regarding the ability of a registered investment company to use derivatives and other transactions that create future payment or delivery
obligations (except reverse repurchase agreements and similar financing transactions), became effective. Under the new rule, registered
investment companies that make significant use of derivatives are required to operate subject to a value-at-risk leverage limit, adopt
a derivatives risk management program and appoint a derivatives risk manager, and comply with various testing and board reporting requirements.
Such requirements may limit the ability of the Fund to invest in derivatives, short sales and similar financing transactions, limit the
Fund’s ability to employ certain strategies that use these instruments and/or adversely affect the Fund’s efficiency in
implementing its strategy, liquidity and/or ability to pursue its investment objective.
Zero
Coupon and Paid-In-Kind (“PIK”) Bonds
The Fund may invest
in zero coupon or PIK bonds. Because investors in zero coupon or PIK bonds receive no cash prior to the maturity or cash payment date
applicable thereto, an investment in such securities generally has a greater potential for complete loss of principal and/or return than
an investment in debt securities that make periodic interest payments. Such investments are more vulnerable to the creditworthiness of
the issuer and any other parties upon which performance relies.
Reverse
Repurchase Agreements
The Fund may enter
into reverse repurchase agreements with respect to its portfolio investments subject to the investment restrictions set forth herein.
Reverse repurchase agreements involve the sale of securities held by the Fund with an agreement by the Fund to repurchase the securities
at an agreed upon price, date and interest payment. The use by the Fund of reverse repurchase agreements involves many of the same risks
of leverage since the proceeds derived from such reverse repurchase agreements may be invested in additional securities. Reverse repurchase
agreements involve the risk that the market value of the securities acquired in connection with the reverse repurchase agreement may decline
below the price of the securities the Fund has sold but is obligated to repurchase. Also, reverse repurchase agreements involve the risk
that the market value of the securities retained in lieu of sale by the Fund in connection with the reverse repurchase agreement may decline
in price.
If the buyer of securities
under a reverse repurchase agreement files for bankruptcy or becomes insolvent, such buyer or its trustee or receiver may receive an extension
of time to determine whether to enforce the Fund’s obligation to repurchase the securities, and the Fund’s use of the proceeds
of the reverse repurchase agreement may effectively be restricted pending such decision. Also, the Fund would bear the risk of loss to
the extent that the proceeds of the reverse repurchase agreement are less than the value of the securities subject to such agreement.
Repurchase
Agreements
The Fund may invest
in repurchase agreements. A repurchase agreement is a contractual agreement whereby the seller of securities agrees to repurchase the
same security at a specified price on a future date agreed upon by the parties. The agreed-upon repurchase price determines the yield
during the Fund’s holding period. Repurchase agreements are considered to be loans collateralized by the underlying security that
is the subject of the repurchase contract. The Fund will only enter into repurchase agreements with registered securities dealers or domestic
banks that, in the opinions of the Advisors, present minimal credit risk. The risk to the Fund is limited to the ability of the issuer
to pay the agreed-upon repurchase price on the delivery date; however, although the value of the underlying collateral at the time the
transaction is entered into always equals or exceeds the agreed-upon repurchase price, if the value of the collateral declines there is
a risk of loss of both principal and interest. In the event of default, the collateral may be sold but the Fund might incur a loss if
the value of the collateral declines, and might incur disposition costs or experience delays in connection with liquidating the collateral.
In addition, if bankruptcy proceedings are commenced with respect to the seller of the security, realization upon the collateral by the
Fund may be
delayed or limited. The Advisors will monitor the value
of the collateral at the time the transaction is entered into and at all times subsequent during the term of the repurchase agreement
in an effort to determine that such value always equals or exceeds the agreed-upon repurchase price. In the event the value of the collateral
declines below the repurchase price, the Advisors will demand additional collateral from the issuer to increase the value of the collateral
to at least that of the repurchase price, including interest.
Securities
Lending
To the extent permitted
by the 1940 Act, the Fund may make secured loans of its marginable securities to brokers, dealers and other financial institutions; provided,
however, that the value of such loaned securities may not exceed one-third of the Fund’s total asset value, including collateral
received in respect of such loans. The risks in lending portfolio securities, as with other extensions of credit, consist of possible
delay in recovery of the securities or possible loss of rights in the collateral should the borrower fail financially. However, such loans
will be made only to broker-dealers and other financial institutions that are believed by the Advisors to be of relatively high credit
standing. Loans of securities are made to broker-dealers pursuant to agreements requiring that such loans be continuously secured by collateral
consisting of U.S. government securities, cash or cash equivalents (negotiable certificates of deposit, bankers’ acceptances or
letters of credit) maintained on a daily mark-to-market basis in an amount at least equal at all times to the market value of the securities
lent. The borrower pays to the Fund, as the lender, an amount equal to any dividends or interest received on the securities lent. The
collateral must have a market value at least equal to 100% of the market value of the loaned securities at all times during the duration
of the loan. The Fund invests the cash collateral received in accordance with its investment objective, subject to the Fund’s agreement
with the borrower of the securities. In the case of cash collateral, the Fund typically pays a rebate to the borrower. The reinvestment
of cash collateral may result in a form of effective leverage for the Fund. Although voting rights or rights to consent with respect to
the loaned securities pass to the borrower, the Fund, as the lender, retains the right to call the loans and obtain the return of the
securities loaned at any time on reasonable notice, and it will do so in order that the securities may be voted by the Fund if the holders
of such securities are asked to vote upon or consent to matters materially affecting the Fund’s investment. The Fund may also call
such loans to sell the securities involved. When engaged in securities lending, the Fund’s performance will continue to reflect
changes in the value of the securities loaned and will also reflect the receipt of interest through investment of cash collateral by the
Fund in permissible investments.
INVESTMENT RESTRICTIONS
FUNDAMENTAL INVESTMENT
RESTRICTIONS
The Fund may not:
(1)
Make
investments for the purpose of exercising control or management;
(2)
Purchase
or sell real estate, commodities or commodity contracts, except that, to the extent permitted by applicable law, the Fund may (i) invest
in securities directly or indirectly secured by real estate or interests therein or issued by entities that invest in real estate or interests
therein; (ii) acquire, hold and sell real estate acquired through default, liquidation, or other distributions of an interest in
real estate as a result of the Fund’s ownership of other assets; (iii) invest in instruments directly or indirectly secured
by commodities or securities issued by entities that invest in or hold such commodities and acquire temporarily commodities as a result
thereof; and (iv) purchase and sell forward contracts, financial futures contracts and options thereon;
(3)
Issue
senior securities or borrow money except as permitted by Section 18 of the 1940 Act or otherwise as permitted by applicable law;
(4)
Underwrite
securities of other issuers, except insofar as the Fund may be deemed an underwriter under the Securities Act in selling its own securities
or portfolio securities;
(5)
Make
loans to other persons, except that (i) the Fund will not be deemed to be making a loan to the extent that the Fund makes investments
in accordance with its stated investment strategies or otherwise purchases senior, secured corporate loans (“Syndicated Loans”),
subordinated loans (“Subordinated Loans”), Corporate Bonds, investment grade rate debt securities issued by CLOs, debentures
or other loans or debt securities of any type, preferred securities, commercial paper, pass through instruments, loan participation interests,
corporate loans, certificates of deposit, bankers acceptances, repurchase agreements or any similar instruments; (ii) the Fund may
take short positions in any security or financial instrument; and (iii) the Fund may lend its portfolio securities in an amount not
in excess of 331/3%
of its total assets, taken at market value, provided that such loans shall be made in accordance with applicable law; and
(6)
Invest
more than 25% of its total assets (taken at market value at the time of each investment) in the securities of issuers in any one industry;
provided that securities issued or guaranteed by the U.S. Government or its agencies or instrumentalities and tax-exempt securities of
governments or their political subdivisions will not be considered to represent an industry (other than those securities backed only by
the assets and revenues of non-governmental users with respect to which the Fund will not invest 25% or more of the value of its total
assets (taken at market value at the time of each investment) in securities backed by the same source of revenue); provided further that
investments in investment grade securities issued by CLOs shall not be considered to be issuers in the same industry for these purposes.
The Fund determines industries by reference to the Global Industry Classification Standard as it may be amended from time to time.
In addition, the Fund
has adopted a fundamental policy that it will make quarterly repurchase offers pursuant to Rule 23c-3 of the 1940 Act, as such rule
may be amended from time to time, for between 5% and 25% of the Shares outstanding at NAV, unless suspended or postponed in accordance
with regulatory requirements, and each repurchase pricing shall occur no later than the 14th day after the Repurchase Request Deadline
(as defined in the Prospectus), or the next business day if the 14th day is not a business day.
The fundamental investment
limitations set forth above restrict the ability of the Fund to engage in certain practices and purchase securities and other instruments
other than as permitted by, or consistent with, applicable law, including the 1940 Act. Relevant limitations of the 1940 Act as they presently
exist are described below. These limitations are based either on the 1940 Act itself, the rules or regulations thereunder or applicable
orders of the SEC. In addition, interpretations and guidance provided by the SEC staff may be taken into account to determine if a certain
practice or the purchase of securities or other instruments is permitted by the 1940 Act, the rules or regulations thereunder or applicable
orders of the
SEC. As a result, the foregoing fundamental investment
policies may be interpreted differently over time as the statute, rules, regulations or orders (or, if applicable, interpretations) that
relate to the meaning and effect of these policies change, and no vote of shareholders, as applicable, will be required or sought.
NON-FUNDAMENTAL
INVESTMENT RESTRICTIONS
The Fund is also
subject to the following non-fundamental restrictions and policies, which may be changed by the Board of Trustees without the approval
of the holders of a majority of the outstanding voting securities of the Fund. The Fund may not:
(1)
Change
or alter the Fund’s investment objective;
(2)
Purchase
securities of other investment companies, except to the extent that such purchases are permitted by applicable law, including any exemptive
orders issued by the SEC; and
(3)
Purchase
any securities on margin except as may be necessary in connection with transactions described under “The Fund’s Investments”
above and except that the Fund may obtain such short-term credit as may be necessary for the clearance of purchases and sales of portfolio
investments (the deposit or payment by the Fund of initial or variation margin in connection with swaps, forward contracts and financial
futures contracts and options thereon is not considered the purchase of a security on margin).
Compliance with
any policy or limitation of the Fund that is expressed as a percentage of assets is determined at the time of purchase of portfolio
securities. The policy will not be violated if these limitations are exceeded because of changes in the market value or investment rating
of the Fund’s assets or if a Borrower distributes equity securities incident to the purchase or ownership of a Syndicated Loan
or in connection with a reorganization of a Borrower. The Fund interprets its policies with respect to borrowing and lending to permit
such activities as may be lawful for the Fund, to the full extent permitted by the 1940 Act or by exemption from the provisions therefrom
pursuant to an exemptive order of the SEC.
MANAGEMENT
OF THE FUND
The
Fund’s business and affairs are managed under the direction of the Board. The Board currently consists of nine members, five of
whom are not “interested persons” of the Fund as defined in Section 2(a)(19) of the 1940 Act. The Fund refers to these
individuals as its independent trustees. The Board annually elects the Fund’s officers, who serve at the discretion of the Board.
The Board maintains an audit committee and a nominating and governance committee and may establish additional committees from time to
time as necessary.
Board
of Trustees and Executive Officers
Trustees
Information
regarding the members of the Board is set forth below. The Trustees have been divided into two groups — Interested
Trustees and Independent Trustees. As set forth in the Fund’s declaration of trust, each Trustee’s term of office shall
continue until his or her death, resignation or removal.
Name,
Address(1)
and Year of Birth |
|
|
Position(s) Held with the Fund |
|
|
Term of Office and Length of Time Served
|
|
|
Principal Occupation(s) During Past 5 Years
|
|
|
Number of Portfolios in Fund Complex
Overseen by Trustee (includes the Fund)(2)
|
|
|
Other Directorships Held by Trustee |
|
Interested Trustees(3)
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Mark Gatto 1972 |
|
|
Trustee |
|
|
2016 |
|
|
Co-Chief Executive Officer and
Co-President, CION Investment Group, LLC and Co-Chief Executive Officer, CION Investment Corporation; Director, CION Ares Management,
LLC |
|
|
1 |
|
|
CION Investment Corporation; CION
Ares Management, LLC |
|
Mitch Goldstein 1967 |
|
|
Trustee |
|
|
2016 |
|
|
Partner, Ares Management Corporation;
Co-President, Ares Capital Corporation; Co-Chief Executive Officer, Ares Strategic Income Fund |
|
|
1 |
|
|
Ares Strategic Income Fund
|
|
Michael A. Reisner 1970 |
|
|
Trustee |
|
|
2016 |
|
|
Co-Chief Executive Officer and
Co-President, CION Investment Group, LLC and Co-Chief Executive Officer, CION Investment Corporation; Director, CION Ares Management,
LLC |
|
|
1 |
|
|
CION Investment Corporation; CION
Ares Management, LLC |
|
David A. Sachs 1959 |
|
|
Trustee and Chairman of the Board |
|
|
2016 |
|
|
Partner, Ares Management Corporation
|
|
|
1 |
|
|
Terex Corporation; Ares Dynamic
Credit Allocation Fund, Inc.; Ares Private Markets Fund; Cion Ares Management, LLC |
|
Independent Trustees |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Elaine Orr 1966 |
|
|
Trustee |
|
|
2022 |
|
|
Independent Consultant; from
2018 to 2019, Senior Director of Philanthropy and Strategic Partnerships for the Robert Toigo Foundation. |
|
|
1 |
|
|
Ares Dynamic Credit Allocation
Fund, Inc.; Engine No. 1; Transform 500 ETF; Engine No. 1; Transform Climate ETF; Engine No. 1; Transform Supply Chain ETF |
|
Jeffrey Perlowitz 1956 |
|
|
Trustee |
|
|
2020 |
|
|
Independent Consultant; prior
to 2016, Managing Director, Citigroup, Inc. |
|
|
1 |
|
|
PennyMac Financial Services, Inc.
|
|
John Joseph Shaw 1951 |
|
|
Trustee |
|
|
2016 |
|
|
Independent Consultant; prior
to 2012, President, Los Angeles Rams |
|
|
1 |
|
|
Ares Dynamic Credit Allocation
Fund, Inc. |
|
Name,
Address(1)
and Year of Birth |
|
|
Position(s) Held with the Fund |
|
|
Term of Office and Length of Time Served
|
|
|
Principal Occupation(s) During Past 5 Years
|
|
|
Number of Portfolios in Fund Complex
Overseen by Trustee (includes the Fund)(2)
|
|
|
Other Directorships Held by Trustee |
|
Bruce H. Spector 1942 |
|
|
Trustee |
|
|
2016 |
|
|
Independent Consultant; from
2007 to 2015, Senior Advisor, Apollo Global Management, LLC (private equity) |
|
|
1 |
|
|
Ares Dynamic Credit Allocation
Fund, Inc. |
|
Mark R. Yosowitz 1968 |
|
|
Trustee |
|
|
2016 |
|
|
From 2014 to present, President,
Mentored; from 2014 to present, Adjunct Professor, Brooklyn Law School; from 2008 to present, Senior Vice President, Corporate Development,
ThinkEco Inc. |
|
|
1 |
|
|
None |
|
(1)
The
address of each Trustee is care of the Secretary of the Fund at 100 Park Avenue, 25th Floor, New York, NY 10017.
(2)
The
term “Fund Complex” means two or more registered investment companies that share the same investment adviser or have
an investment adviser that is an affiliated person of the investment adviser of any of the other registered investment companies or hold
themselves out to investors as related companies for the purpose of investment and investor services.
(3)
“Interested
person,” as defined in the 1940 Act, of the Fund. Mark Gatto, Mitch Goldstein, Michael Reisner and David Sachs are interested persons
of the Fund due to their affiliation with the Advisor.
Executive
Officers
Name,
Address(1)
and Year of Birth |
|
|
Position(s) Held with the Fund |
|
|
Term of Office and Length of Time Served
|
|
|
Principal Occupation(s) During Past 5 Years
|
|
Michael Reisner 1970 |
|
|
Co-President and Co-Chief
Executive Officer |
|
|
2016 |
|
|
Michael Reisner is Co-Chief
Executive Officer and Co-President of CION Investment Group, LLC (“CION”) as well as Co-Chief Executive Officer of CION
Investment Corporation (“CIC”), a business development company focused on middle market loans. Michael Reisner serves on
the investment committee of CIC. In addition, Michael Reisner is a Director of CION Ares Management, LLC (“CAM”). Michael
Reisner joined CION in 2001. |
|
Mark Gatto 1972 |
|
|
Co-President and Co-Chief
Executive Officer |
|
|
2016 |
|
|
Mark Gatto is Co-Chief Executive
Officer and Co-President of CION as well as Co-Chief Executive Officer of CIC, a business development company focused on middle market
loans. Mark Gatto serves on the investment committee of CIC. In addition, Mark Gatto is a Director of CAM. Mark Gatto joined CION in 1999.
|
|
Gregg Schill 1981 |
|
|
Vice President |
|
|
2016 |
|
|
Gregg Schill is Senior Managing
Director of CION. Prior to this, Gregg Schill served as Managing Director since 2012. Gregg Schill joined CION in 2001. |
|
Name,
Address(1)
and Year of Birth |
|
|
Position(s) Held with the Fund |
|
|
Term of Office and Length of Time Served
|
|
|
Principal Occupation(s) During Past 5 Years
|
|
Mitch Goldstein 1967 |
|
|
Vice President |
|
|
2016 |
|
|
Mitch Goldstein is a Partner
and Co-Head of the Ares Credit Group and a member of the Executive Management Committee of Ares Management Corporation (“Ares Management”).
Mitch Goldstein additionally serves as Co-President of Ares Capital Corporation (“ARRC”) and an interested trustee and Co-Chief
Executive Officer of Ares Strategic Income Fund (“ASIF”). Mitch Goldstein is a member of the Ares Credit Group’s
U.S. Direct Lending, Pathfinder, Pathfinder Core and Commercial Finance Investment Committees and Ivy Hill Asset Management, L.P. (“IHAM”)
Investment Committee. Mitch Goldstein joined Ares Management in 2005. |
|
Greg Margolies 1966 |
|
|
Vice President |
|
|
2016 |
|
|
Greg Margolies is a Partner
in the Ares Credit Group. Additionally, Greg Margolies serves as a member of the Ares Credit Group’s Alternative Credit Investment
Committee, the Ares Dynamic Credit Allocation Fund, Inc. (“ARDC”) Investment Committee and the Ares Private Equity Group’s
Special Opportunities Investment Committee and is on the Board of Directors of the Ares Charitable Foundation. Greg Margolies joined Ares
in 2009. |
|
Penni F. Roll 1965 |
|
|
Treasurer Chief Financial
Officer |
|
|
2019 2016 – 2019 |
|
|
Penni Roll is a Partner
and the Chief Financial Officer of the Ares Credit Group. Penni Roll also serves as the Chief Financial Officer of ARCC and is Treasurer
of ARDC. Penni Roll is also a Vice President of ASIF, Chief Financial Officer, Vice President and Treasurer of IHAM and Chief Financial
Officer of Ivy Hill Asset Management GP, LLC, IHAM’s General Partner, where Penni Roll also serves on the Board of Managers. Penni
Roll may additionally from time to time serve as an officer, director or principal of entities affiliated with Ares Management or of investment
funds managed by Ares Management and its affiliates. Penni Roll also serves as a member of the Ares Diversity, Equity and Inclusion Council.
Penni Roll joined Ares in 2010. |
|
Name,
Address(1)
and Year of Birth |
|
|
Position(s) Held with the Fund |
|
|
Term of Office and Length of Time Served
|
|
|
Principal Occupation(s) During Past 5 Years
|
|
Scott Lem 1977 |
|
|
Chief Financial Officer
Treasurer |
|
|
2019 2016 – 2019 |
|
|
Scott Lem is a Partner and
Chief Accounting Officer, Credit (Direct Lending) in the Ares Finance and Accounting Department. Scott Lem additionally serves as Chief
Accounting Officer, Vice President and Treasurer of ARCC. Scott Lem also serves as Chief Financial Officer of ARDC and Chief Financial
Officer and Treasurer of ASIF. Scott Lem may from time to time serve as an officer, director or principal of entities affiliated with
Ares Management or investment funds managed by Ares Management and its affiliates. Scott Lem joined Ares in 2003. |
|
Lisa Morgan 1976 |
|
|
Chief Compliance Officer
and Anti-Money Laundering Officer |
|
|
2021 |
|
|
Lisa Morgan is a Managing
Director and Head of Regulatory Compliance in the Ares Compliance Department. Lisa Morgan also serves as the Chief Compliance Officer
of ARCC, Ares Private Market Fund (“APMF”), ASIF and ARDC. Lisa Morgan joined Ares in 2017. |
|
Ian Fitzgerald 1975 |
|
|
General Counsel and Secretary
Vice President and Assistant Secretary |
|
|
2019 2017 – 2019 |
|
|
Ian Fitzgerald is a Managing
Director and Associate General Counsel (Credit) in the Ares Legal Group and focuses on direct lending matters. Additionally, Ian Fitzgerald
serves as General Counsel and Secretary of ARDC and Chief Legal Officer, General Counsel and Secretary of APMF. Ian Fitzgerald also serves
as Vice President and Assistant Secretary of IHAM and Vice President and Assistant Secretary of Ivy Hill Asset Management GP, LLC, IHAM’s
General Partner. Ian Fitzgerald joined Ares in 2010. |
|
John Atherton 1981 |
|
|
Vice President and Assistant
Secretary |
|
|
2018 |
|
|
John Atherton is a Partner
and General Counsel, Europe in the Ares Legal Department. Prior to joining Ares in 2018, John Atherton was General Counsel, Private Investment
Structures at Schroder Adveq. |
|
Joshua Bloomstein 1973 |
|
|
Vice President and Assistant
Secretary |
|
|
2016 |
|
|
Joshua Bloomstein serves
as a Partner and General Counsel (Credit) and Deputy General Counsel (Corporate) of Ares Management and focuses on credit matters. Joshua
Bloomstein is General Counsel, Vice President and Secretary of ARCC, General Counsel and Secretary of ASIF and Vice President and Assistant
Secretary of Ares Commercial Real Estate Corporation and of ARDC. Joshua Bloomstein joined Ares in 2006. |
|
Name,
Address(1)
and Year of Birth |
|
|
Position(s) Held with the Fund |
|
|
Term of Office and Length of Time Served
|
|
|
Principal Occupation(s) During Past 5 Years
|
|
Anton Feingold 1980 |
|
|
Vice President and Assistant
Secretary |
|
|
2016 |
|
|
Anton Feingold is a Partner
and Associate General Counsel in the Ares Legal Group and Assistant Secretary of Ares Management. Anton Feingold also serves as General
Counsel, Vice President and Secretary of Ares Commercial Real Estate Corporation. Anton Feingold joined Ares in 2014. |
|
Keith Kooper 1975 |
|
|
Vice President and Assistant
Secretary |
|
|
2016 |
|
|
Keith Kooper is a Partner
and General Counsel (Real Estate) in the Ares Legal Group. Keith Kooper also serves as Vice President and Assistant Secretary of Ares
Commercial Real Estate Corporation. Keith Kooper joined Ares in 2013. |
|
Naseem Sagati Aghili 1981 |
|
|
Vice President And Assistant Secretary
|
|
|
2019 |
|
|
Naseem Sagati Aghili is a Partner, General
Counsel and Secretary of Ares Management. Naseem Sagati Aghili is a Partner in and Head of the Ares Legal Group and additionally serves
on the Ares Executive Management Committee, Enterprise Risk Committee and the Ares Diversity, Equity and Inclusion Council. Naseem Sagati
Aghili also serves as Vice President of ARCC, ASIF, ARDC and APMF. Prior to being named the firm’s General Counsel in 2020, Naseem
Sagati Aghili served in a variety of roles at Ares Management, including most recently as Co-General Counsel, Deputy General Counsel and
General Counsel of Private Equity. Naseem Sagati Aghili joined Ares in 2009. |
|
Kevin Early 1971 |
|
|
Vice President |
|
|
2017 |
|
|
Kevin Early is a Partner
and European Chief Financial Officer in the Ares Finance and Accounting Department. Kevin Early joined Ares in 2012. |
|
Michael Dennis 1976 |
|
|
Vice President |
|
|
2017 |
|
|
Michael Dennis is a Partner
and Co-Head of European Credit, in the Ares Credit Group. Michael Dennis serves on the Ares Executive Management Committee. Additionally,
Michael Dennis serves as a member of the Ares Credit Group’s European Direct Lending and European Liquid Credit Investment Committees,
and the Ares SSG Direct Lending (Australia) Investment Committee. Michael Dennis joined Ares in 2007. |
|
Name,
Address(1)
and Year of Birth |
|
|
Position(s) Held with the Fund |
|
|
Term of Office and Length of Time Served
|
|
|
Principal Occupation(s) During Past 5 Years
|
|
Blair Jacobson 1972 |
|
|
Vice President |
|
|
2017 |
|
|
Blair Jacobson is a Partner
and Co-Head of European Credit in the Ares Credit Group and a member of the Executive Management Committee of Ares Management and the
Ares Diversity, Equity and Inclusion Council. Blair Jacobson also serves on the boards of Ares Management Limited and Ares Management
UK Limited. Additionally, Blair Jacobson serves on the Ares Credit Group’s European Direct Lending and European Liquid Credit Investment
Committees, the Ares Secondaries Group’s Credit Investment Committee and the Ares Sports, Media and Entertainment Investment Committee.
Blair Jacobson joined Ares in 2012. |
|
(1)
The
address of each officer is care of the Secretary of the Fund at 100 Park Avenue, 25th Floor, New York, NY 10017.
Biographical Information
and Discussion of Experience and Qualifications, etc.
Trustees
The following is a
summary of the experience, qualifications, attributes and skills of each Trustee that support the conclusion, as of the date of this Statement
of Additional Information, that each Trustee should serve as a Trustee of the Fund.
Interested Trustees
Mark
Gatto. Mark Gatto is Co-Founder, Co-Chief Executive Officer and Co-President
of CION and CIC. Mark Gatto is also a Director of CAM. Mark Gatto serves on the investment committee of CIC and the investment allocation
committee of the Fund. Mark Gatto joined CION in 1999. Mark Gatto served as Executive Vice President and Chief Acquisitions Officer from
May 2007 through January 2008. Mark Gatto served as Executive Vice President of Business Development from May 2006 through
May 2007 and Vice President of Marketing from August 2005 through February 2006. Mark Gatto was also Associate General
Counsel from November 1999 until October 2000. Previously, Mark Gatto was an executive for a leading international product development
and marketing company from 2000 through 2003. Later, Mark Gatto co-founded a specialty business-consulting firm in New York City where
Mark Gatto served as its managing partner before re-joining CION in 2005. Mark Gatto was also an attorney in private practice prior to
joining the firm. Mark Gatto received an M.B.A from the W. Paul Stillman School of Business at Seton Hall University, a J.D. from Seton
Hall University School of Law, and a B.S. from Montclair State University.
Mitch
Goldstein. Mitch Goldstein is a Partner and Co-Head of the Ares Credit Group.
Mitch Goldstein serves on the Ares Executive Management Committee. Additionally, Mitch Goldstein serves as Co-President of ARCC, interested
trustee and Co-Chief Executive Officer of ASIF, and Vice President and interested trustee of the Fund. Mitch Goldstein is a member of
the Ares Credit Group’s U.S. Direct Lending, Commercial Finance, Pathfinder and the Ivy Hill Asset Management Investment Committees,
the Ares Infrastructure Debt Investment Committee, and the Ares SSG Direct Lending (Australia). Prior to joining Ares Management in May 2005,
Mitch Goldstein worked at Credit Suisse First Boston (“CSFB”), where Mitch Goldstein was a Managing Director in the Financial
Sponsors Group. At CSFB, Mitch Goldstein was responsible for providing investment banking services to private equity funds and hedge funds
with a focus on M&A and restructurings as well as capital raisings, including high yield, bank debt, mezzanine debt, and initial public
offerings. Mitch Goldstein joined CSFB in 2000 at the completion of the
merger with Donaldson, Lufkin & Jenrette. From 1998
to 2000, Mitch Goldstein was at Indosuez Capital, where Mitch Goldstein was a member of the Investment Committee and a Principal, responsible
for originating, structuring and executing leveraged transactions across a broad range of products and asset classes. From 1993 to 1998,
Mitch Goldstein worked at Bankers Trust. Mitch Goldstein also serves on the Board of Managers of Ivy Hill Asset Management GP, LLC. Mitch
Goldstein graduated summa cum laude from the State University of New York at Binghamton with a B.S. in Accounting and received an M.B.A.
from Columbia University’s Graduate School of Business.
Michael
A. Reisner. Michael A. Reisner is Co-Founder, Co-Chief Executive Officer and
Co-President of CION as well as Co-Chief Executive Officer of CIC. In addition, Michael A. Reisner is a Director of CAM. Michael A. Reisner
serves on the Investment Committee of CIC as well as the Investment Allocation committee of the Fund. Before co-founding CION in 2012,
Michael A. Reisner held positions of increasing responsibility at its predecessor company, including serving as co-Chief Executive Officer
from 2008 to 2012, Chief Financial Officer from 2007 to 2008, Executive Vice President — Originations from February 2006
through 2007 and Senior Vice President and General Counsel from 2004 through 2006. Earlier in Michael A. Reisner’s career, Michael
A. Reisner was an attorney in private practice in New York from 1996 to 2001. Michael A. Reisner serves on the Boards of both CIC and
the Fund and served on the Board of the Institute for Portfolio Alternatives (IPA) from 2018 to 2021. Michael A. Reisner received a J.D.,
cum laude, from New York Law School and a B.A. from the University of Vermont.
David
A. Sachs. David A. Sachs is a Partner in the Ares Strategy and Relationship
Management Group, and focuses on the Ares Credit Group’s publicly traded funds, strategic growth opportunities for Ares and facilitating
the sharing of credit knowledge across the Ares platform. David A. Sachs serves as a Director and Chairman of the Board of ARDC and is
an interested trustee of the Fund. David A. Sachs also serves as an interested trustee of APMF. Additionally, David A. Sachs serves as
a member of the Ares Credit Group’s Alternative Credit Investment Committee, the Ares Private Equity Group’s Energy Opportunities,
Extended Value, and Asia Investment Committees, the Ares Real Estate Global and Real Estate Debt Investment Committees, and the Ares Equity
Income Opportunity Strategy Portfolio Review Committee. Prior to joining Ares in 1997, David A. Sachs was a Principal of Onyx Partners,
Inc., where David A. Sachs focused on merchant banking and related capital raising activities in the private equity and mezzanine debt
markets. Previously, David A. Sachs also worked with Taylor & Co., an investment manager providing investment advisory and consulting
services to members of the Bass Family of Fort Worth, Texas, and Columbia Savings and Loan Association as Executive Vice President, where
David A. Sachs was responsible for asset-liability management and running the investment management department. David A. Sachs serves
as the Non-Executive Chairman of Terex Corporation and is on the Board of Trustees and the McCormick Advisory Council at Northwestern
University. David A. Sachs holds a B.S. from Northwestern University in Industrial Engineering and Management Science.
Independent Trustees
Elaine
Orr. Elaine Orr is an independent consultant. In addition to serving as an
Independent Trustee and chair of the Audit Committee of the Fund, Elaine Orr serves as an independent director and chair of the Audit
Committee of ARDC. Elaine Orr also serves as a Trustee of Engine No. 1, Transform 500 ETF, Engine No. 1, Transform Climate ETF, Engine
No. 1, and Transform Supply Chain ETF. From 2018 to 2019, Elaine Orr was a Senior Director of Philanthropy and Strategic Partnerships
for the Robert Toigo Foundation. Elaine Orr holds a Bachelor of Commerce and Business Administration, Finance, from the University of
British Columbia.
Jeffrey
Perlowitz. Jeffrey Perlowitz currently serves as an independent director at
PennyMac Financial Services, Inc since February 2019. Jeffrey Perlowitz is currently retired. From 1998 until Jeffrey Perlowitz’s
retirement in 2016, Jeffrey Perlowitz served as managing director and co-head of global securitized markets at Citigroup and predecessor
entities, where Jeffrey Perlowitz was responsible for sales and trading of residential mortgage loans, commercial mortgages and consumer
products. Jeffrey Perlowitz holds a B.S. in economics and accounting from The State University of New York at Albany.
John
Joseph Shaw. John Joseph Shaw is an independent consultant. In addition to
serving as an Independent Trustee of the Fund, John Joseph Shaw serves as an independent trustee of ARDC. From 1995 to 2011, he was the
President of the Los Angeles Rams. John Joseph Shaw joined the Los Angeles
Rams organization in 1980 acting first as Vice-President
Finance, Controller/Treasurer from 1980 to 1982 and acting as Executive Vice-President from 1982 to 1995. Prior to joining the Los Angeles
Rams, John Joseph Shaw worked for Arthur Anderson & Co. as a tax adviser from 1977 to 1980. Between 1985 and 2008, John Joseph Shaw
was a member of the executive committee of the NFL Management Council and has served as a member of the NFL Finance Committee and an executive
committee member of NFL Properties. John Joseph Shaw received his B.S. from the University of San Diego in 1973 where John Joseph Shaw
graduated as valedictorian of the class and holds a Juris Doctor from New York University School of Law where John Joseph Shaw graduated
from in 1976. John Joseph Shaw is an inactive member of the State of California Bar Association and the State of California Board of Accountancy.
Bruce
H. Spector. Bruce H. Spector is an independent consultant. In addition to
serving as an Independent Trustee and chair of the Nominating and Governance Committee of the Fund, Bruce H. Spector serves as an independent
director and chair of the Nominating and Governance Committee of ARDC. From 2007 through 2015, Bruce H. Spector served as a senior advisor
at Apollo Global Management, LLC (f/k/a Apollo Management, L.P.) in the area of development of strategy and tactics in corporate restructuring.
From 1992 to 2007, Bruce H. Spector was a partner at Apollo. In this position Bruce H. Spector led or was a key member of deal teams in
purchasing a number of companies, participating in the management of those companies as a member of their board of directors, and ultimately
playing a leadership role in managing the sale of Apollo’s ownership interest in each company. From 1967 to 1992, Bruce H. Spector
was an attorney at the law firm of Stutman, Treister & Glatt, spending a substantial amount of that time as senior partner and head
of the firm’s executive committee. Bruce H. Spector’s practice at Stutman, Treister & Glatt specialized in restructurings,
insolvency reorganizations and related bankruptcy matters. Bruce H. Spector received his B.A. from the University of Southern California
where Bruce H. Spector graduated magna cum laude in 1964 and holds a Juris Doctor from University of California at Los Angeles where Bruce
H. Spector graduated summa cum laude in 1967.
Mark
R. Yosowitz. Mark R. Yosowitz is President of Mentored, a virtual coaching,
training and accountability platform since 2014, Adjunct Professor at Brooklyn Law School since 2014 and Senior Vice President — Corporate
Development of ThinkEco Inc. since 2008. From 2008 to 2003, Mark R. Yosowitz was President of Affinity Direct, LLC, the third largest
U.S. federal student loan consolidation company. From 1995 to 1999, Mark R. Yosowitz was a corporate finance attorney at Shearman &
Sterling LLP. Mark R. Yosowitz received a B.A. from the University of Pennsylvania where Mark R. Yosowitz graduated cum laude in
1990 and holds a Juris Doctor from Brooklyn Law School where Mark R. Yosowitz graduated cum laude in 1994.
Board Structure
and Role of the Board in Risk Oversight
The 1940 Act requires
that at least 40% of the Trustees be independent trustees. Certain exemptive rules promulgated under the 1940 Act require that at least
50% of the Trustees be independent trustees. Currently, five of the nine Trustees (56%) are independent trustees. The independent trustees
exercise their informed business judgment to appoint an individual of their choosing to serve as Chairperson of the Board of Trustees,
regardless of whether the trustee happens to be independent or a member of management. The Board of Trustees has determined that its leadership
structure, in which the Chairperson of the Board of Trustees is an interested person of the Fund, is appropriate because the independent
trustees believe that an interested Chairperson has a personal and professional stake in the quality and continuity of services provided
by management to the Fund. The independent trustees have determined that they can act independently and effectively without having an
independent trustee serve as Chairperson and that a key factor for assuring that they are in a position to do so is for the trustees who
are independent of management to constitute a majority of the Board.
The Board expects
to perform its risk oversight function primarily through (a) its two standing committees, which report to the entire Board of Trustees
and are comprised solely of independent trustees and (b) monitoring by the Fund’s Chief Compliance Officer in accordance with
the Fund’s compliance policies and procedures.
Committees of the
Board
The Board has established
an audit committee and a nominating and governance committee. The Fund does not have a compensation committee because its executive officers
do not receive any direct compensation from the Fund.
Audit
Committee. The members of the audit committee are Elaine Orr, John Joseph
Shaw, Bruce H. Spector, Mark R. Yosowitz and Jeffrey Perlowitz, each of whom is independent for purposes of the 1940 Act. Elaine Orr serves
as chairperson of the audit committee. The Board has adopted a charter for the audit committee, which is available on the Fund’s
website at www.cioninvestments.com.
The audit committee is responsible for approving the Fund’s independent accountants, reviewing with the Fund’s independent
accountants the plans and results of the audit engagement, approving professional services provided by the Fund’s independent accountants,
reviewing the independence of the Fund’s independent accountants and reviewing the adequacy of the Fund’s internal accounting
controls. During the fiscal year ended December 31, 2022, the audit committee held 4 meetings.
Nominating
and Governance Committee. The members of the nominating and governance committee
are John Elaine Orr, Joseph Shaw, Bruce H. Spector, Mark R. Yosowitz and Jeffrey Perlowitz, each of whom is independent for purposes of
the 1940 Act. Bruce H. Spector serves as chairperson of the nominating and governance committee. The Board has adopted a charter for the
nominating and governance committee, which is available on the Fund’s website at www.cioninvestments.com.
The nominating and governance committee is responsible for selecting, researching and nominating trustees for election by the Fund’s
shareholders, selecting nominees to fill vacancies on the Board or a committee of the Board Trustees, developing and recommending to the
Board a set of corporate governance principles and overseeing the evaluation of the Board and its committees. During the fiscal year ended
December 31, 2022, the nominating and governance committee held 4 meetings.
The nominating and
governance committee may consider recommendations for nomination of individuals for election as trustees from shareholders.
Trustee Beneficial
Ownership of Shares
The following table
sets forth the dollar range of Shares beneficially owned by each Trustee as of December 31, 2022 and the aggregate dollar range of
equity securities in all registered investment companies overseen by each Trustee in the family of investment companies that includes
the Fund.
Name of Trustee |
|
|
Dollar Range of Equity Securities in the Fund(1)
|
|
|
Aggregate Dollar Range of Equity Securities in All
Registered Investment Companies Overseen by Trustee in Family of Investment Companies(1)(2)(3)
|
|
Interested Trustees |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Mark Gatto |
|
|
7,757 |
|
|
7,757 |
|
Mitch Goldstein |
|
|
None |
|
|
None |
|
Michael A. Reisner |
|
|
13,456 |
|
|
13,456 |
|
David A. Sachs |
|
|
None |
|
|
None |
|
Independent Trustees |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Elaine Orr |
|
|
None |
|
|
None |
|
Jeffrey Perlowitz |
|
|
None |
|
|
None |
|
John Joseph Shaw |
|
|
None |
|
|
None |
|
Bruce H. Spector |
|
|
None |
|
|
None |
|
Mark R. Yosowitz |
|
|
None |
|
|
None |
|
(1)
Dollar
ranges are as follows: None, $1 – $10,000, $10,001 – $50,000, $50,001 – $100,000
or Over $100,000.
(2)
Beneficial
ownership determined in accordance with Rule 16a-1(a)(2) under the Exchange Act.
(3)
The
family of investment companies is defined any two or more registered investment companies that (a) share the same investment adviser
or principal underwriter; and (b) hold themselves out to investors as related companies for purposes of investment and investor services.
Compensation of Trustees
The independent
trustees are paid an annual retainer of $50,000. The chairperson of the audit committee and the chairperson of the nominating and governance
committee are also paid an additional annual fee of $5,000. All Trustees are reimbursed for their reasonable out-of-pocket expenses. The
Trustees do not receive any pension or retirement benefits from the Fund.
The following table
shows information regarding the compensation received by the Trustees, none of whom is an employee of the Fund, for services as a trustee
for the fiscal year ended December 31, 2022. The Trustees who are “interested persons”, as defined in the 1940 Act,
of the Fund and the Fund’s officers do not receive compensation from the Fund.
Name of Trustee |
|
|
Aggregate Compensation from the Fund |
|
Interested Trustees |
|
|
|
|
Mark Gatto |
|
|
None |
|
Mitch Goldstein |
|
|
None |
|
Michael A. Reisner |
|
|
None |
|
David A. Sachs |
|
|
None |
|
Independent Trustees |
|
|
|
|
Elaine Orr(1)
|
|
|
$27,473 |
|
Jeffrey Perlowitz |
|
|
$56,913 |
|
Paula B. Pretlow(2)
|
|
|
$36,313 |
|
John Joseph Shaw |
|
|
$56,913 |
|
Bruce H. Spector |
|
|
$61,913 |
|
Mark R. Yosowitz |
|
|
$56,913 |
|
(1)
Elaine
Orr was elected as a Trustee as of August 9, 2022.
(2)
Paula
B. Pretlow resigned as a Trustee as of August 9, 2022.
Shareholder Communications
Shareholders may
send communications to the Board. Shareholders should send communications intended for the Board by addressing the communication directly
to the Board (or individual Trustees) and/or otherwise clearly indicating in the salutation that the communication is for the Board (or
individual Trustees) and by sending the communication to the Fund’s office at 100 Park Avenue, 25th Floor, New York, NY 10017.
Other Shareholder communications received by the Fund not directly addressed and sent to the Board will be reviewed and generally responded
to by management, and will be forwarded to the Board only at management’s discretion based on the matters contained therein.
Codes of Ethics
The Fund and the
Advisors have each adopted a code of ethics pursuant to Rule 17j-1 under the 1940 Act that establishes procedures for personal investments
and restrict certain personal securities transactions. Personnel subject to these codes may invest in securities for their personal investment
accounts, including securities that may be purchased or held by the Fund, so long as such investments are made in accordance with the
applicable code’s requirements. The codes of ethics are included as exhibits to the registration statement of which this Statement
of Additional Information forms a part. In addition, the codes of ethics are available on the EDGAR database on the SEC’s website
at http://www.sec.gov. Shareholders
may also obtain copies of each code of ethics, after paying a duplicating fee, by electronic request at the following e-mail address:
publicinfo@sec.gov.
The Advisor and Sub-Advisor
CAM, an investment
advisor registered with the SEC under the Investment Advisers Act of 1940, as amended, serves as the Fund’s investment advisor.
CAM is a joint venture between affiliates of Ares and
CION and is controlled by Ares. As of December 31,
2022, CION had assets under management of approximately $1.9 billion. As of December 31, 2022, Ares Capital, including its investment
advisory affiliates, had assets under supervision of approximately $352.0 billion. For more information regarding CAM and Ares Capital,
see “The Advisor and Sub-Advisor” in the Prospectus. For more information on the services provided by the Advisors to the
Fund, see “Management of the Fund” in the Prospectus.
The Investment Advisory
Agreement (the “Investment Advisory Agreement”) was approved by the Board and became effective on December 6, 2016.
The Investment Sub-Advisory Agreement was approved by the Board and became effective on December 6, 2016. The Investment Advisory
Agreement and the Investment Sub-Advisory Agreement will continue in effect for successive periods of twelve months, provided that
each continuance is specifically approved at least annually by both (1) the vote of a majority of the Board or the vote of a majority
of the outstanding securities of the Fund entitled to vote and (2) by the vote of a majority of the independent trustees as set forth
in the agreements. In addition, the Investment Advisory Agreement and the Investment Sub-Advisory Agreement have termination provisions
that allow the parties to terminate the agreement without penalty. The Investment Advisory Agreement, the Investment Sub-Advisory Agreement
and the Administration Agreements may be terminated at any time, without penalty, by the Advisors and/or ALPS Fund Services, Inc.
upon 60 days’ notice (90 days’ notice for ALPS Funds Services, Inc.) to the Fund, as applicable. The Investment
Advisory Agreement was most recently amended and restated as of May 22, 2020.
For the fiscal years
ended December 31, 2022, December 31, 2021, and December 31, 2020, the Fund incurred approximately $40,784,000, $21,825,000,
and $11,238,000, respectively, in Management Fees.
For the fiscal years
ended December 31, 2022, December 31, 2021, and December 31, 2020, the Advisor incurred approximately $24,343,000, $9,930,000,
and $4,932,000, respectively, in sub-advisory fees payable to the Sub-Advisor.
Portfolio Management
Other
Accounts Managed by Portfolio Managers
The portfolio managers
primarily responsible for the day-to-day management of the Fund also manage other registered investment companies, other pooled investment
vehicles and other accounts, as indicated below. The following table identifies, as of December 31, 2022: (i) the number of
other registered investment companies, other pooled investment vehicles and other accounts managed by each portfolio manager; (ii) the
total assets of such companies, vehicles and accounts; and (iii) the number and total assets of such companies, vehicles and accounts
that are subject to an advisory fee based on performance.
|
|
|
Number of Accounts |
|
|
Assets of Accounts (in millions) |
|
|
Number of Accounts Subject to a Performance Fee
|
|
|
Assets Subject to a Performance Fee (in millions)
|
|
Mitch Goldstein |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Registered Investment Companies |
|
|
2 |
|
|
|
$ |
27,090 |
|
|
|
|
|
2 |
|
|
|
|
$ |
27,090 |
|
|
Other Pooled Investment Vehicles |
|
|
4 |
|
|
|
$ |
20,041 |
|
|
|
|
|
4 |
|
|
|
|
$ |
20,041 |
|
|
Other Accounts |
|
|
25 |
|
|
|
$ |
18,128 |
|
|
|
|
|
22 |
|
|
|
|
$ |
13,161 |
|
|
Greg Margolies* |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Registered Investment Companies |
|
|
0 |
|
|
|
$ |
0 |
|
|
|
|
|
0 |
|
|
|
|
$ |
0 |
|
|
Other Pooled Investment Vehicles |
|
|
2 |
|
|
|
$ |
2,228 |
|
|
|
|
|
2 |
|
|
|
|
$ |
2,228 |
|
|
Other Accounts |
|
|
3 |
|
|
|
$ |
1,758 |
|
|
|
|
|
3 |
|
|
|
|
$ |
1,758 |
|
|
*
Greg
Margolies is on the investment committee for all liquid credit funds managed within the Ares Credit Group.
Compensation of Portfolio Managers
The Advisors’
financial arrangements with its portfolio managers, its competitive compensation and its career path emphasis at all levels reflect the
value senior management places on key resources. Compensation may include a variety of components and may vary from year to year based
on a number of factors. The portfolio managers may receive, all or some combination of, salary, an annual bonus and interests in the carried
interest in certain of Ares’ funds.
Base compensation
Generally, when
portfolio managers receive base compensation it is based on their individual seniority and their position within the firm.
Discretionary compensation
In addition to base
compensation, portfolio managers may receive discretionary compensation. Discretionary compensation may be based on individual seniority
and contribution.
Securities Ownership
of Portfolio Managers
The following table
shows the dollar range of equity securities in the Fund beneficially owned by each of the portfolio managers as of December 31, 2022.
Name |
|
|
Aggregate Dollar Range of Equity Securities in the
Fund(1) |
|
Mitch Goldstein |
|
|
None |
|
Greg Margolies |
|
|
None |
|
(1)
Dollar
ranges are as follows: None, $1 – $10,000, $10,001 – $50,000, $50,001 – $100,000,
$100,001 – $500,000, $500,001 – $1,000,000 or Over $1,000,000.
PORTFOLIO TRANSACTIONS
The Advisors are responsible
for decisions to buy and sell securities for the Fund, the selection of brokers and dealers to effect the transactions and the negotiation
of prices and any brokerage commissions. With respect to Syndicated Loans and Subordinated Loans, the Fund generally will engage in privately
negotiated transactions for purchase or sale in which the Advisor will negotiate on behalf of the Fund. Most of these transactions will
be principal transactions at net prices for which the Fund will generally incur little or no brokerage costs. The Fund may be required
to pay fees, or forgo a portion of interest and any fees payable to the Fund, to a lender selling assignment or participations to the
Fund. The Advisors will determine the lenders from whom the Fund will purchase assignments and participations by considering their professional
ability, level of service, relationship with the Borrower, financial condition, credit standards and quality of management. Affiliates
of the Advisors may participate in the primary and secondary market for Syndicated Loans and Subordinated Loans. Because of certain limitations
imposed by the 1940 Act, this may restrict the Fund’s ability to acquire some Syndicated Loans and Subordinated Loans. The Advisors
do not believe that this will have a material effect on the Fund’s ability to acquire Syndicated Loans and Subordinated Loans consistent
with its investment policies. Sales to dealers are effected at bid prices. The illiquidity of some Syndicated Loans, Subordinated Loans
and, to a more limited extent, CLOs may restrict the ability of the Advisors to locate in a timely manner persons willing to purchase
the Fund’s interests in Syndicated Loans, Subordinated Loans or CLOs at a fair price should the Fund desire to sell such interests.
With respect to other
types of securities, the Fund may purchase certain money market instruments directly from an issuer, in which case no commissions or discounts
are paid, may purchase securities in the over-the-counter market from an underwriter or dealer serving as market maker for the securities,
in which case the price includes a fixed amount of compensation to the underwriter or dealer, and may purchase and sell listed securities
on an exchange, which are effected through brokers who charge a commission for their services.
The Advisors are responsible
for arranging for the execution of the Fund’s portfolio transactions and will do so in a manner deemed fair and reasonable to the
Fund and in accordance with the Advisors’ conflicts policy. The primary consideration in all portfolio transactions is prompt execution
of orders in an effective manner at the most favorable price. In selecting broker-dealers and in negotiating prices and any brokerage
commissions on such transactions, the Advisors consider the firm’s reliability, integrity and financial condition and the firm’s
execution capability, the size and breadth of the market for the security, the size of and difficulty in executing the order, and the
best net price. There may be instances when, in the judgment of the Advisors, more than one firm can offer comparable execution services.
A commission paid to such brokers may be higher than that which another qualified broker would have charged for effecting the same transaction,
provided that the Advisors determine in good faith that such commission is reasonable in terms either of the transaction or the overall
responsibility of the Advisors to the Fund and their other clients and that the total commissions paid by the Fund will be reasonable
in relation to the benefits to the Fund over the long-term. The advisory fees that the Fund pays to the Advisors will not be reduced if
the Advisors receive brokerage and research services. Commission rates for brokerage transactions on foreign stock exchanges are generally
fixed.
For the fiscal years
ended December 31, 2022, December 31, 2021, and December 31, 2020, the Fund paid $0, $0, and $0, respectively, in brokerage
commissions.
PROXY VOTING POLICY
AND PROXY VOTING RECORD
The Fund has delegated
its proxy voting responsibility to CAM. The proxy voting policies and procedures of CAM are set forth below. The guidelines are reviewed
periodically by CAM and the independent trustees and, accordingly, are subject to change.
It is the policy of
the Fund to delegate the responsibility for voting proxies relating to portfolio securities held by the Fund to the Fund’s Advisor
as a part of the Advisor’s general management of the Fund’s portfolio, subject to the continuing oversight of the Board.
The Board has delegated such responsibility to the Advisor, and directs the Advisor to vote proxies relating to portfolio securities held
by the Fund consistent with the duties and procedures set forth below. The Advisor may retain one or more vendors to review, monitor and
recommend how to vote proxies in a manner consistent with the duties and procedures set forth below, to ensure that such proxies are voted
on a timely basis and to provide reporting and/or record retention services in connection with proxy voting for the Fund.
The right to vote a
proxy with respect to portfolio securities held by the Fund is an asset of the Fund. The Advisor, to which authority to vote on behalf
of the Fund is delegated, acts as a fiduciary of the Fund and must vote proxies in a manner consistent with the best interest of the Fund
and its shareholders. In discharging this fiduciary duty, the Advisor must maintain and adhere to its policies and procedures for addressing
conflicts of interest and must vote proxies in a manner substantially consistent with its policies, procedures and guidelines, as presented
to the Board.
The Fund shall file
with the SEC an annual report of each proxy voted with respect to portfolio securities of the Fund during the twelve-month period ended
June 30 on Form N-PX not later than August 31 of each year. The Fund’s most recent Form N-PX is available (1) without
charge, upon request, by calling 1-877-855-3434, or (2) on the SEC’s website at http://www.sec.gov.
CONTROL PERSONS
AND PRINCIPAL HOLDERS OF SECURITIES
To
the knowledge of the Fund, as of March 31, 2023, the following persons owned of record or beneficially 5% or more of the outstanding
Fund shares of a class, including any of the Fund’s outstanding preferred shares. A control person is any person who owns beneficially
more than 25% of the voting securities or who is otherwise deemed to “control” the Fund. Such person may be able to determine
or significantly influence the outcome of matters submitted to a vote of the Fund’s shareholders. As of March 31, 2023, the
Fund did not know of any person or entity who “controlled” the Fund. Based on publicly filed documents, to the Fund’s
knowledge, no shareholder beneficially owns more than 25% of the outstanding shares of the Fund. As of March 31, 2023, the Trustees
and officers of the Fund as a group beneficially owned less than 1% of the outstanding shares of each class of the Fund.
|
Class |
|
|
Name & Address
|
|
|
Percentage of Class
|
|
|
Class A |
|
|
Charles Schwab & Co., Inc Attn: Mutual Funds 211
Main Street San Francisco, CA 94105 |
|
|
46.81% |
|
|
Class I |
|
|
Charles Schwab & Co., Inc Attn: Mutual Funds 211
Main Street San Francisco, CA 94105 |
|
|
28.82% |
|
|
Class I |
|
|
Fidante Partners Limited as Trustee GPO Box 3698 Sydney
NSW 2001, Australia |
|
|
14.60% |
|
|
Class L |
|
|
LPL Financial (omnibus) 4707 Executive Drive San Diego,
CA 92121 |
|
|
5.63% |
|
|
Preferred Shares |
|
|
Principal Life Insurance Company 711 High Street Des
Moines, Iowa 50392-0300 |
|
|
5.00% |
|
|
Preferred Shares |
|
|
Thrivent Financial for Lutherans 901 Marquette Avenue, Suite
2500 Minneapolis, Minnesota 55402 |
|
|
5.95% |
|
*
Ownership
indicated is record ownership
INDEPENDENT REGISTERED
PUBLIC ACCOUNTING FIRM
An independent registered
public accounting firm for the Fund performs an annual audit of the Fund’s financial statements. The Board has engaged Ernst &
Young LLP, located at 725 S. Figueroa Street, Los Angeles, CA 90017, to serve as the Fund’s independent registered public accounting
firm.
LEGAL
COUNSEL
The Board has engaged
Dechert LLP, located at 1095 Avenue of the Americas, New York, New York 10036 to serve as the Fund’s legal counsel.
ADDITIONAL
INFORMATION
A registration statement
on Form N-2, including amendments thereto, relating to the Shares offered hereby, has been filed by the Fund with the SEC. The Prospectus
and this Statement of Additional Information do not contain all of the information set forth in the registration statement, including
any exhibits and schedules thereto. For further information with respect to the Fund and the Shares offered hereby, reference is made
to the registration statement. A copy of the registration statement may be reviewed on the EDGAR database on the SEC’s website
at http://www.sec.gov. Prospective
investors can also request copies of these materials, upon payment of a duplicating fee, by electronic request at the SEC’s e-mail
address (publicinfo@sec.gov).
Other Information
Regarding the Plan of Distribution
Shares of the Fund
will be continuously offered through ALPS Distributors, Inc., as the exclusive distributor. The Fund has authorized one or more intermediaries
(e.g., brokers, investment advisers,
etc., collectively “Intermediaries”) to receive orders on its behalf. Such Intermediaries are authorized to designate other
Intermediaries to receive orders on the Fund’s behalf. The Fund will be deemed to have received an order when an authorized broker
or, if applicable, a broker’s authorized designee, receives the order. The Shares will be offered based on the NAV per Share calculated
each regular business day.
FINANCIAL STATEMENTS
The audited financial
statements and related report of Ernst & Young LLP, independent registered public accounting firm, are herein incorporated by reference
from the Fund’s annual
report dated December 31, 2022. The Fund’s annual reports are available upon request, without charge, by calling the Fund
toll free at 1-888-729-4266 or by visiting www.cioninvestments.com.
PART C: OTHER INFORMATION
Item 25. Financial Statements and Exhibits
(1) |
|
Financial Statements: |
|
|
|
|
Part A: Financial Highlights. |
|
|
|
|
Part
B: Incorporated by reference to the Fund’s annual report for the period ended December 31, 2022, filed electronically pursuant
to Section 30(b)(2) of the Investment Company Act of 1940. |
|
|
(2) |
|
Exhibits: |
|
|
|
|
(a) |
|
(1) Certificate
of Trust dated June 21, 2016.(1) |
|
|
|
|
|
|
(2) Declaration
of Trust dated June 21, 2016.(1) |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
(3) Form
of Amended and Restated Declaration of Trust dated December 22, 2017.(4) |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
(4) Supplement
to the Amended and Restated Declaration of Trust dated July 30, 2021.(10) |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
(5) Supplement
to the Amended and Restated Declaration of Trust dated January 6, 2022.(10) |
|
|
|
|
(b) |
|
Bylaws
dated October 5, 2016.(2) |
|
|
|
|
(c) |
|
Not applicable. |
|
|
|
|
(d) |
|
Form
of Multiple Class Plan.(5) |
|
|
|
|
(e) |
|
Form
of Dividend Reinvestment Plan.(2) |
|
|
|
|
(f) |
|
Not applicable. |
|
|
|
|
(g) |
|
(1) Third Amended and
Restated Investment Advisory Agreement between Registrant and CION Ares Management, LLC.(11) |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
(2)
Form of Investment Sub-Advisory Agreement between Registrant, CION Ares Management, LLC and Ares Capital Management II LLC.(2) |
|
|
|
|
(h) |
|
(1) Form
of Distribution Agreement.(2) |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
(2) Form
of Broker Dealer Selling Agreement.(8) |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
(3) Form
of Wholesale Marketing Agreement.(2) |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
(4) Form
of Dealer Manager Agreement.(2) |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
(5) Form
of Distribution and Service Plan.(5) |
|
|
|
|
(i) |
|
Not applicable. |
|
|
|
|
(j) |
|
Form
of Master Custodian Agreement.(2) |
(1) |
Incorporated
herein by reference to the corresponding exhibit of the Registrant’s initial Registration Statement on Form N-2 (File Nos. 333-212323;
811-23165), filed on June 30, 2016. |
|
|
(2) |
Incorporated
herein by reference to the corresponding exhibit of Pre-Effective Amendment No. 2 to the Registrant’s Registration Statement (File
Nos. 333-212323; 811-23165), filed on November 8, 2016. |
(3) |
Incorporated
herein by reference to the corresponding exhibit of Post-Effective Amendment No. 5 to the Registrant’s Registration Statement (File
Nos. 333-212323; 811-23165), filed on July 10, 2017. |
|
|
(4) |
Incorporated
herein by reference to the corresponding exhibit of Post-Effective Amendment No. 6 to the Registrant’s Registration Statement (File
Nos. 333-212323; 811-23165), filed on February 27, 2018. |
|
|
(5) |
Incorporated herein
by reference to the corresponding exhibit of Post-Effective Amendment No. 9 to the Registrant’s Registration Statement (File Nos.
333-212323; 811-23165), filed on November 1, 2018. |
|
|
(6) |
Incorporated herein
by reference to the corresponding exhibit of Post-Effective Amendment No. 14 to the Registrant’s Registration Statement (File Nos.
333-212323; 811-23165), filed on February 25, 2019. |
|
|
(7) |
Incorporated herein
by reference to the corresponding exhibit of Post-Effective Amendment No. 16 to the Registrant’s Registration Statement (File Nos.
333-212323; 811-23165), filed on August 30, 2019. |
|
|
(8) |
Incorporated herein
by reference to the corresponding exhibit of Post-Effective Amendment No. 22 to the Registrant’s Registration Statement (File Nos.
333-212323; 811-23165), filed on October 15, 2020. |
|
|
(9) |
Incorporated herein
by reference to the corresponding exhibit of Post-Effective Amendment No. 23 to the Registrant’s Registration Statement (File Nos.
333-212323; 811-23165), filed on April 30, 2021. |
|
|
(10) |
Incorporated herein
by reference to the corresponding exhibit of Post-Effective Amendment No. 24 to the Registrant’s Registration Statement (File Nos.
333-212323; 811-23165), filed on April 29, 2022. |
|
|
(11) |
Filed herewith. |
Item 26. Marketing Arrangements
Reference is made to the Form of the Distribution
Agreement and Form of Wholesale Marketing Agreement included as Exhibits (h)(1) and (h)(3) hereto.
Item 27. Other Expenses of Issuance or Distribution
Not applicable.
Item 28. Persons Controlled by or Under Common Control with
the Registrant
The Registrant is not aware of any person that
is directly or indirectly under common control with the Registrant, except that the Registrant may be deemed to be controlled by CAM,
the Registrant’s investment advisor. Information regarding the ownership of CAM is set forth in its Form ADV as filed with the
SEC (File No. 801-108788).
Item 29. Number of Holders of Securities
As of April 1, 2023:
Title
of Class |
|
Number of
Record Holders |
|
Shares
of Beneficial Ownership for Class A |
|
1,055 |
|
Shares of Beneficial
Ownership for Class C |
|
2,059 |
|
Shares of Beneficial
Ownership for Class I |
|
16,918 |
|
Shares of Beneficial
Ownership for Class L |
|
199 |
|
Shares of Beneficial
Ownership for Class U |
|
3,628 |
|
Shares of Beneficial
Ownership for Class U-2 |
|
462 |
|
Shares of Beneficial
Ownership for Class W |
|
334 |
|
Preferred Shares |
|
74 |
|
Item 30. Indemnification
Reference is made to Article V of Registrant’s
Amended and Restated Declaration of Trust filed as Exhibit (2)(a)(3) to this Registration Statement.
Insofar as indemnification for liabilities arising
under the Securities Act of 1933, as amended (the “Securities Act”) may be permitted to the trustees, officers and controlling
persons of Registrant pursuant to the foregoing provisions or otherwise, Registrant has been advised that, in the opinion of the SEC,
such indemnification is against public policy as expressed in the Securities Act and is, therefore, unenforceable. In the event
that a claim for indemnification against such liabilities (other than the payment by Registrant of expenses incurred or paid by the trustees,
officer or controlling person of Registrant in the successful defense of any action, suit or proceeding) is asserted by the trustees,
officer or controlling person, Registrant will, unless in the opinion of its counsel the matter has been settled by controlling precedent,
submit to a court of appropriate jurisdiction the question whether such indemnification by it is against public policy as expressed in
the Securities Act and will be governed by the final adjudication of such issue.
Item 31. Business and Other Connections of Investment Advisor
CAM serves as the investment advisor to the Registrant.
CAM is engaged in the investment advisory business. Ares Capital Management II LLC (“Ares Capital”) serves as the investment
sub-advisor to the Registrant. Ares Capital is engaged in the investment advisory business. For information as to the business, profession,
vocation or employment of a substantial nature in which CAM, Ares Capital and each of their executive officers and directors is or has
been, during the last two fiscal years, engaged for his or her own account or in the capacity of director, officer, employee, partner
or trustee, reference is made to the information set forth in CAM’s Form ADV (File No. 801-108788) and Ares Capital’s Form
ADV (File No. 801-72399), each as filed with the SEC and incorporated herein by reference.
Item 32. Location of Accounts and Records
All
accounts, books and other documents required to be maintained by Section 31(a) of the Investment Company Act of 1940, and the rules
thereunder, are maintained at the offices of the Fund’s custodian, State Street Bank and Trust Company, Channel Center, 1 Iron
Street, Boston, MA, 02210, and the Fund’s administrator, ALPS Fund Services, Inc., 1290 Broadway, Suite 1000, Denver, CO 80203,
except for certain transfer agency records which are maintained by SS&C GIDS, Inc., 333 W 11th Street, 5th Floor, Kansas City,
MO 64105.
Item 33. Management Services
Not applicable.
Item 34. Undertakings
1. |
Registrant undertakes to suspend the offering of its Shares until it amends the prospectus filed herewith
if (1) subsequent to the effective date of its registration statement, the net asset value declines more than ten percent from its
net asset value as of the effective date of the registration statement, or (2) the net asset value increases to an amount greater
than its net proceeds as stated in the prospectus. |
|
|
2. |
Not applicable. |
|
|
3. |
Registrant undertakes: |
|
a) |
to
file, during any period in which offers or sales are being made, a post-effective amendment to the registration statement: |
|
|
|
|
|
1. |
to include any
prospectus required by Section 10(a)(3) of the Securities Act; |
|
|
|
|
|
2. |
to reflect in the
prospectus any facts or events after the effective date of the registration statement (or the most recent post-effective amendment thereof)
which, individually or in the aggregate, represent a fundamental change in the information set forth in the registration statement. Notwithstanding
the foregoing, any increase or decrease in volume of securities offered (if the total dollar value of securities offered would not exceed
that which was registered) and any deviation from the low or high end of the estimated maximum offering range may be reflected in the
form of prospectus filed with the SEC pursuant to Rule 424(b) if, in the aggregate, the changes in volume and price represent no more
than 20% change in the maximum aggregate offering price set forth in the “Calculation of Registration Fee” table in the
effective registration statement; |
|
|
|
3. |
to include any
material information with respect to the plan of distribution not previously disclosed in the registration statement or any material change
to such information in the registration statement; |
|
|
|
b) |
that,
for the purpose of determining any liability under the Securities Act, each such post-effective amendment shall be deemed to be a new
registration statement relating to the securities offered therein, and the offering of those securities at that time shall be deemed to
be the initial bona fide offering thereof; |
|
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c) |
to
remove from registration by means of a post-effective amendment any of the securities being registered which remain unsold at the termination
of the offering; |
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|
d) |
that,
for the purpose of determining liability under the Securities Act to any purchaser: |
|
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|
|
1. |
Not applicable; |
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|
|
|
2. |
if the Registrant
is subject to Rule 430C [17 CFR 230.430C]: each prospectus filed pursuant to Rule 424(b) under the Securities Act as part of a registration
statement relating to an offering, other than registration statements relying on Rule 430B or prospectuses filed in reliance on Rule 430A
under the Securities Act, shall be deemed to be part of and included in the registration statement as of the date it is first used after
effectiveness. Provided, however, that no statement made in a registration statement or prospectus that is part of the registration statement
or made in a document incorporated or deemed incorporated by reference into the registration statement or prospectus that is part of the
registration statement will, as to a purchaser with a time of contract of sale prior to such first use, supersede or modify any statement
that was made in the registration statement or prospectus that was part of the registration statement or made in any such document immediately
prior to such date of first use; and |
|
|
|
e) |
that
for the purpose of determining liability of the Registrant under the Securities Act to any purchaser in the initial distribution of securities: |
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|
The
undersigned Registrant undertakes that in a primary offering of securities of the undersigned Registrant pursuant to this registration
statement, regardless of the underwriting method used to sell the securities to the purchaser, if the securities are offered or sold to
such purchaser by means of any of the following communications, the undersigned Registrant will be a seller to the purchaser and will
be considered to offer or sell such securities to the purchaser: |
|
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1. |
any preliminary
prospectus or prospectus of the undersigned Registrant relating to the offering required to be filed pursuant to Rule 424 under the Securities
Act; |
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|
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2. |
free writing prospectus
relating to the offering prepared by or on behalf of the undersigned Registrant or used or referred to by the undersigned Registrant; |
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3. |
the portion of
any other free writing prospectus or advertisement pursuant to Rule 482 under the Securities Act [17 CFR 230.482] relating to the offering
containing material information about the undersigned Registrant or its securities provided by or on behalf of the undersigned Registrant;
and |
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|
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4. |
any other communication
that is an offer in the offering made by the undersigned Registrant to the purchaser. |
4. |
The Registrant undertakes
that: |
|
|
|
a) |
Not applicable; and |
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|
|
|
b) |
for the purpose of determining any
liability under the Securities Act, each post-effective amendment that contains a form of prospectus shall be deemed to be a new registration
statement relating to the securities offered therein, and the offering of the securities at that time shall be deemed to be the initial
bona fide offering thereof. |
5. |
Not Applicable. |
|
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6. |
Not Applicable. |
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7. |
The Registrant undertakes to send by first class mail or other means designed to ensure equally prompt delivery, within two business days
of receipt of a written or oral request, any prospectus or Statement of Additional Information. |
SIGNATURES
Pursuant
to the requirements of the Securities Act of 1933 and the Investment Company Act of 1940, the Registrant certifies that this registration
statement meets all the requirements for effectiveness pursuant to Rule 486(b) under the Securities Act of 1933 and the Registrant has
duly caused this registration statement to be signed on its behalf by the undersigned, thereunto duly authorized, in the City of New York
and State of New York on the 28th day of April, 2023.
|
CION ARES DIVERSIFIED CREDIT FUND
(A Delaware statutory trust) |
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By: |
/s/
Michael A. Reisner |
|
|
Michael A. Reisner |
|
|
Co-President
and Co-Chief Executive Officer |
Pursuant to the requirements
of the Securities Act of 1933, this registration statement has been signed by the following persons in the capacities and on the dates
indicated.
Name |
|
Title |
|
Date |
|
|
|
/s/ David A. Sachs |
|
Trustee
|
|
April
28, 2023 |
David
A. Sachs |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
/s/ Scott Lem |
|
Chief
Financial Officer |
|
April
28, 2023 |
Scott
Lem |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
/s/ Jeffrey
Perlowitz |
|
Trustee |
|
April 28,
2023 |
Jeffrey
Perlowitz |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
/s/ Elaine
Orr |
|
Trustee |
|
April 28,
2023 |
Elaine
Orr |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
/s/ John
Joseph Shaw |
|
Trustee |
|
April 28,
2023 |
John
Joseph Shaw |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
/s/ Bruce
H. Spector |
|
Trustee |
|
April 28,
2023 |
Bruce
H. Spector |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
/s/ Mark
R. Yosowitz |
|
Trustee |
|
April 28,
2023 |
Mark
R. Yosowitz |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
/s/ Mark Gatto |
|
Co-President,
Co-Chief Executive Officer and Trustee |
|
April 28,
2023 |
Mark
Gatto |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
/s/ Mitch
Goldstein |
|
Trustee |
|
April 28,
2023 |
Mitch
Goldstein |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
/s/
Michael A. Reisner |
|
Co-President,
Co-Chief Executive Officer and Trustee |
|
April 28,
2023 |
Michael
A. Reisner |
|
|
|
|
EXHIBIT INDEX