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Note 12 - Fair Value Measurement and Disclosure
3 Months Ended
Mar. 31, 2019
Notes to Financial Statements  
Fair Value Measurement and Measurement Inputs, Recurring and Nonrecurring [Text Block]
NOTE
1
2
– FAIR VALUE MEASUREMENT AND DISCLOSURE
 
FASB ASC Topic
820,
Fair Value Measurements and Disclosures, clarifies that fair value is an exit price, representing the amount that would be received to sell an asset or paid to transfer a liability in an orderly transaction between market participants and is
not
adjusted for transaction costs. This guidance also establishes a fair value hierarchy that prioritizes the inputs to valuation techniques used to measure fair value. The hierarchy gives the highest priority to unadjusted quoted prices in active markets for identical assets or liabilities (Level
1
measurement inputs) and the lowest priority to unobservable inputs (Level
3
measurement inputs). The
three
levels of the fair value hierarchy under FASB ASC
820
are described below:
 
Basis of Fair Value Measurement:
 
 
 
Level
1
- Unadjusted quoted prices in active markets that are accessible at the measurement date for identical, unrestricted assets.
 
 
 
Level
2
- Significant other observable inputs other than Level
1
prices such as quoted prices in markets that are
not
active, quoted prices for similar assets, or other inputs that are observable, either directly or indirectly, for substantially the full term of the asset.
 
 
 
Level
3
- Prices or valuation techniques that require inputs that are both significant to the fair value measurement and unobservable (i.e., supported by little or
no
market activity).
 
Following is a description of valuation methodologies used for assets and liabilities recorded at fair value:
 
Securities Available for Sale
 
Securities classified as available for sale are recorded at fair value on a recurring basis using pricing obtained from an independent pricing service. Where quoted market prices are available in an active market, securities are classified within Level
1.
The Company has
no
securities classified within Level
1.
If quoted market prices are
not
available, the pricing service estimates the fair values by using pricing models or quoted prices of securities with similar characteristics. For these securities, the inputs used by the pricing service to determine fair value consider observable data that
may
include dealer quotes, market spreads, cash flows, the U.S. Treasury yield curve, live trading levels, trade execution data, market consensus prepayment speeds, credit information and bonds’ terms and conditions, among other things resulting in classification within Level
2.
Level
2
securities include state and municipal securities, and residential mortgage-backed securities. In cases where Level
1
or Level
2
inputs are
not
available, securities are classified within Level
3.
The Company has
no
securities classified within Level
3.
 
Foreclosed Assets
 
Foreclosed assets, consisting of foreclosed real estate and repossessed assets, are adjusted to fair value less estimated costs to sell upon transfer of the loans to foreclosed assets. Subsequently, foreclosed assets are carried at the lower of cost or fair value. Fair value is based upon independent market prices, appraised values of the collateral or management’s estimation of the value of the collateral. When the fair value of the collateral is based on an observable market price or a current appraised value, the Company records the foreclosed asset as non-recurring Level
2.
When an appraised value is
not
available or management determines the fair value of the collateral is further impaired below the appraised value and there is
no
observable market price, the Company records the foreclosed asset as non-recurring Level
3.
 
Impaired Loans
 
Impaired loans are evaluated and adjusted to the lower of carrying value or fair value less estimated costs to sell at the time the loan is identified as impaired. Impaired loans are carried at the lower of cost or fair value.  Fair value is measured based on the value of the collateral securing these loans. When the fair value of the collateral is based on an observable market price or a current appraised value, the Company records the impaired loan as non-recurring Level
2.
When an appraised value is
not
available or management determines the fair value of the collateral is further impaired below the appraised value and there is
no
observable market price, the Company records the impaired loan as non-recurring Level
3.
 
The Company did
not
have any transfers of assets or liabilities between Levels
1
and
2
of the fair value hierarchy during the
three
months ended
March 31, 2019
and the year ended
December 31, 2018.
The Company’s policy for determining transfers between levels occurs at the end of the reporting period when circumstances in the underlying valuation criteria change and result in transfers between levels.
 
The tables below present the recorded amounts of assets measured at fair value on a recurring basis at
March 31, 2019
and
December 31, 2018.
 
   
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Total
 
March 31, 201
9
 
Level 1
   
Level 2
   
Level 3
   
Fair Value
 
State and municipal securities available for sale
  $
-
    $
12,750,987
    $
-
    $
12,750,987
 
Residential mortgage-backed securities available for sale
   
-
     
11,719,012
     
-
     
11,719,012
 
    $
-
    $
24,469,999
    $
-
    $
24,469,999
 
 
   
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Total
 
December 31, 2018
 
Level 1
   
Level 2
   
Level 3
   
Fair Value
 
State and municipal securities available for sale
  $
-
    $
13,186,788
    $
-
    $
13,186,788
 
Residential mortgage-backed securities available for sale
   
-
     
12,346,979
     
-
     
12,346,979
 
    $
-
    $
25,533,767
    $
-
    $
25,533,767
 
 
The tables below present the recorded amounts of assets measured at fair value on a non-recurring basis at
March 31, 2019
and
December 31, 2018.
 
   
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Total
 
March 31,
201
9
 
Level 1
   
Level 2
   
Level 3
   
Fair Value
 
Foreclosed assets
  $
-
    $
-
    $
214,392
    $
214,392
 
Impaired loans, net
   
-
     
-
     
441,981
     
441,981
 
 
   
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Total
 
December 31, 201
8
 
Level 1
   
Level 2
   
Level 3
   
F
a
ir Value
 
Foreclosed assets
  $
-
    $
-
    $
78,926
    $
78,926
 
Impaired loans, net
   
-
     
-
     
716,998
     
716,998
 
 
The following tables present additional quantitative information about assets measured at fair value on a non-recurring basis for which the Company has utilized Level
3
inputs to determine fair value.
 
   
Quantitative Information about Level 3 Fair Value Measurements
 
                             
   
Fair Value
   
Valuation
 
Unobservable
   
 
 
 
 
   
Estimate
   
Techniques
 
Input
   
Range
 
March 31, 201
9
                           
Foreclosed assets
  $
214,392
   
Appraisal of collateral
 
Appraisal adjustments
   
-38%
to
-56%
 
Impaired loans, net
  $
438,883
   
Appraisal of collateral
 
Appraisal adjustments
   
-46%
to
-100.0%
 
Impaired loans, net
  $
3,098
   
Discounted Future Cash Flows
 
Payment Stream
   
 
N/A
 
 
     
 
   
 
 
Discount Rate
   
 
10%
 
 
                             
December 31, 2018
 
 
 
 
           
 
 
 
 
Foreclosed assets
  $
78,926
   
Appraisal of collateral
 
Appraisal adjustments
   
-36%
to
49%
 
Impaired loans, net
  $
662,799
   
Appraisal of collateral
 
Appraisal adjustments
   
-44.0
to
69.0%
 
Impaired loans, net
  $
54,199
   
Discounted Future Cash Flows
 
Payment Stream
   
 
N/A
 
 
     
 
   
 
 
Discount Rate
   
 
10%
 
 
 
In accordance with accounting pronouncements, the carrying value and estimated fair value of the Company’s financial instruments as of
March 31, 2019
and
December 31, 2018,
are as follows:
 
           
Fair Value Measurements at
 
   
Carrying
   
March 31, 2019 using:
 
   
Amount
   
Level 1
   
Level 2
   
Level 3
   
Total
 
                                         
Financial Assets:
                                       
Cash and cash equivalents
  $
7,302,629
    $
7,302,629
    $
-
    $
-
    $
7,302,629
 
Time deposits
   
250,000
     
250,000
     
-
     
-
     
250,000
 
Federal funds sold
   
4,409,000
     
4,409,000
     
-
     
-
     
4,409,000
 
Securities
   
24,469,999
     
-
     
24,469,999
     
-
     
24,469,999
 
Net loans
   
235,793,257
     
-
     
-
     
233,769,242
     
233,769,242
 
Loans held for sale
   
250,505
     
-
     
250,505
     
-
     
250,505
 
Accrued interest receivable
   
841,005
     
841,005
     
-
     
-
     
841,005
 
Mortgage servicing rights
   
437,061
     
-
     
-
     
437,061
     
437,061
 
Financial Liabilities:
                                       
Non-interest bearing deposits
   
13,747,615
     
13,747,615
     
-
     
-
     
13,747,615
 
Interest bearing deposits
   
207,494,542
     
-
     
-
     
207,890,710
     
207,890,710
 
Accrued interest payable
   
16,146
     
16,146
     
-
     
-
     
16,146
 
FHLB advances
   
10,588,245
     
-
     
10,692,350
     
-
     
10,692,350
 
 
   
Carrying
   
December 31, 2018 using:
 
   
Amount
   
Level 1
   
Level 2
   
Level 3
   
Total
 
                                         
Financial Assets:
                                       
Cash and cash equivalents
  $
8,430,458
    $
8,430,458
    $
-
    $
-
    $
8,430,458
 
Time deposits
   
250,000
     
250,000
     
-
     
-
     
250,000
 
Federal funds sold
   
5,663,000
     
5,663,000
     
-
     
-
     
5,663,000
 
Securities
   
25,533,767
     
-
     
25,533,767
     
-
     
25,533,767
 
Net loans
   
235,926,419
     
-
     
-
     
232,996,807
     
232,996,807
 
Accrued interest receivable
   
824,542
     
824,542
     
-
     
-
     
824,542
 
Mortgage servicing rights
   
446,375
     
-
     
-
     
446,375
     
446,375
 
Financial Liabilities:
                                       
Non-interest bearing deposits
   
14,057,719
     
14,057,719
     
-
     
-
     
14,057,719
 
Interest bearing deposits
   
209,390,810
     
-
     
-
     
209,576,569
     
209,576,569
 
Accrued interest payable
   
5,648
     
5,648
     
-
     
-
     
5,648
 
FHLB advances
   
12,087,152
     
-
     
12,136,836
     
-
     
12,136,386
 
 
 
The following methods and assumptions were used by the Bank in estimating the fair value of financial instruments:
 
Cash and
c
ash
e
quivalents
:
The carrying amounts reported in the balance sheets for cash and cash equivalents approximate fair values.  
 
Time deposits
:
The carrying amounts reported in the balance sheets for time deposits approximate fair values.  
 
Federal
f
unds
s
old
:
The carrying amounts reported in the balance sheets for federal funds sold approximate fair values.  
 
Securities:
The Company obtains fair value measurements of available for sale securities from an independent pricing service.
 
Loans:
For variable-rate loans that re-price frequently and with
no
significant change in credit risk, fair values are based on carrying amounts. The fair values for other loans (for example, fixed rate commercial real estate and rental property mortgage loans and commercial and industrial loans) are estimated using discounted cash flow analysis, based on market interest rates currently being offered for loans with similar terms to borrowers of similar credit quality. Loan fair value estimates represent an exit price for
2019,
but do
not
necessarily represent an exit price for years prior. Loan fair value estimates also include judgments regarding future expected loss experience and risk characteristics. Fair values for impaired loans are estimated using underlying collateral values, where applicable or discounted cash flows.
 
Loans held for sale
:
The carrying amounts reported in the balance sheets for loans held for sale approximate fair values, as usually these loans are originated with the intent to sell and funding of the sales usually occurs within
three
days.
 
Accrued
i
nterest
r
eceivable
and
p
ayable
:
The carrying amounts of accrued interest receivable and payable approximate fair values.
 
Mortgage
s
ervicing
r
ights
:
The carrying amounts of mortgage servicing rights approximate their fair values.
 
Deposits:
The fair values disclosed for demand deposits are, by definition, equal to the amount payable on demand at the reporting date (that is, their carrying amounts). The carrying amounts of variable-rate, fixed-term money market accounts and certificates of deposit approximate their fair values. Fair values for fixed-rate certificates of deposit are estimated using a discounted cash flow calculation that applies market interest rates currently offered on certificates to a schedule of aggregated expected monthly maturities on time deposits.
 
FHLB
a
dvances
:
The fair value of FHLB advances is estimated by discounting future cash flows at the currently offered rates for borrowings of similar remaining maturities.
 
 
Loan
c
ommitments
:
Commitments to extend credit were evaluated and fair value was estimated using the fees currently charged to enter into similar agreements, taking into account the remaining terms of the agreements and the present creditworthiness of the counter-parties. For fixed-rate loan commitments, fair value also considers the difference between current levels of interest rates and the committed rates. The Bank does
not
charge fees to enter into these agreements. At
March 31, 2019
and
December 31, 2018,
the fair values of the commitments are immaterial in nature.
 
In addition, other assets and liabilities of the Bank that are
not
defined as financial instruments, such as property and equipment, are
not
included in the above disclosures. Also, non-financial instruments typically
not
recognized in financial statements nevertheless
may
have value but are
not
included in the above disclosures. These include, among other items, the estimated earnings power of core deposit accounts, the trained work force, customer goodwill and similar items.