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Debt (Credit Facility) - Additional Information (Detail) - USD ($)
12 Months Ended
Dec. 31, 2018
Dec. 31, 2017
Dec. 31, 2016
Nov. 21, 2018
Debt Instrument [Line Items]        
Principal amount of debt $ 1,802,000,000 $ 1,404,000,000    
Revolving Credit Facility [Member]        
Debt Instrument [Line Items]        
Line of credit facility, outstanding borrowings $ 0 $ 0   $ 1,500,000,000
Line of credit facility, maturity date Nov. 21, 2023 Nov. 14, 2022    
Percentage of equity interest in foreign subsidiaries pledged as security to secured debt 65.00%      
Revolving credit facility, covenant description The Second Amended Revolving Credit Agreement also includes financial covenants requiring the maintenance of a specified interest expense coverage ratio of not less than 5.00 to 1.00, and a leverage ratio for any period of four consecutive fiscal quarters that is not greater than 2.50 to 1.00 (2.00 to 1.00 beginning on and subsequent to the Collateral Release Date, may be increased to a level not higher than 2.25 to 1.00 under certain circumstances). As of December 31, 2018 and 2017, Alcoa Corporation was in compliance with all such covenants.      
Leverage ratio, covenants requirements 150.00% 120.00% 130.00%  
Incremental amount of convenant, maximum $ 1,000,000,000      
Debt convenant percentage of assets 6.00%      
Restricted payments negative covenant, maximum $ 100,000,000      
Investment negative covenant, maximum 400,000,000      
Thresholds for restricted payments negative covenants 250,000,000      
Thresholds for investments negative covenants $ 200,000,000      
Percentage of unused base amount used in the succeeding fiscal year 50.00%      
Percentage of unused portion of credit facility 50.00%      
Annual share repurchase limit $ 100,000,000      
Amounts borrowed under the credit facility $ 0 $ 0    
Revolving Credit Facility [Member] | Maximum [Member]        
Debt Instrument [Line Items]        
Leverage ratio, covenants requirements 250.00%      
Leverage ratio, maximum possible increase 225.00% 200.00%    
Annual share repurchase limit $ 25,000,000      
Amount of dividend restriction $ 100,000,000      
Revolving Credit Facility [Member] | Minimum [Member]        
Debt Instrument [Line Items]        
Interest expense coverage ratio required to be maintained 5.00      
Revolving Credit Facility [Member] | Alcoa Nederland Holding BV [Member]        
Debt Instrument [Line Items]        
Line of credit facility, maximum outstanding borrowings       750,000,000
Letters of credit sublimit under credit facility       400,000,000
Credit facility, interest rate description Loans will bear interest at a rate per annum equal to an applicable margin plus, at ANHBV’s option, either (a) an adjusted LIBOR rate or (b) a base rate determined by reference to the highest of (1) the U.S. prime rate as published in the Wall Street Journal (previously the prime rate of JPMorgan Chase Bank, N.A.), (2) the greater of the federal funds effective rate and the overnight bank funding rate, plus 0.5%, and (3) the one month adjusted LIBOR rate plus 1% per annum.      
Revolving Credit Facility [Member] | Alcoa Nederland Holding BV [Member] | Standard and Poor’s BBB- Rating [Member]        
Debt Instrument [Line Items]        
Reduction of applicable margin on libor and base rate loans upon achievement of certain ratings 0.25%      
Revolving Credit Facility [Member] | Alcoa Nederland Holding BV [Member] | Moody’s Investor Service Baa3 Rating [Member]        
Debt Instrument [Line Items]        
Reduction of applicable margin on libor and base rate loans upon achievement of certain ratings 0.25%      
Revolving Credit Facility [Member] | Alcoa Nederland Holding BV [Member] | Federal Funds Effective Rate [Member]        
Debt Instrument [Line Items]        
Debt instrument, margin over variable rate 0.50%      
Revolving Credit Facility [Member] | Alcoa Nederland Holding BV [Member] | LIBOR [Member]        
Debt Instrument [Line Items]        
Debt instrument, margin over variable rate 1.00%      
Revolving Credit Facility [Member] | Alcoa Nederland Holding BV [Member] | Maximum [Member]        
Debt Instrument [Line Items]        
Principal amount of debt $ 500,000,000      
Commitment fee paid to maintain credit facility 0.425% 0.45%    
Applicable margin on LIBOR loans 2.25% 2.50%    
Applicable margin on base rate loans 1.25% 1.50%    
Revolving Credit Facility [Member] | Alcoa Nederland Holding BV [Member] | Minimum [Member]        
Debt Instrument [Line Items]        
Commitment fee paid to maintain credit facility 0.20% 0.225%    
Applicable margin on LIBOR loans 1.50% 1.75%    
Applicable margin on base rate loans 0.50% 0.75%    
Revolving Credit Facility [Member] | Alcoa Nederland Holding BV [Member] | Letter of Credit [Member]        
Debt Instrument [Line Items]        
Line of credit facility, maximum outstanding borrowings       $ 750,000,000