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Significant Accounting Policies
6 Months Ended
Mar. 31, 2020
Organization Consolidation And Presentation Of Financial Statements [Abstract]  
Significant Accounting Policies

NOTE A – SIGNIFICANT ACCOUNTING POLICIES

Basis of presentation

The accompanying unaudited Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements have been prepared in accordance with accounting principles generally accepted in the United States for interim financial reporting and Securities and Exchange Commission (SEC) regulations. In the opinion of management, all adjustments considered necessary for a fair presentation have been included. Additionally, certain prior period information has been reclassified within the Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements and accompanying notes to conform to current period presentation.  These items include the reclassification of Intangibles Amortization Expense as a separate component within operating expenses and changes in Ashland’s reportable segment and reporting unit structure. These statements omit certain information and footnote disclosures required for complete annual financial statements and, therefore, should be read in conjunction with Ashland Global Holdings Inc. and consolidated subsidiaries (Ashland) Annual Report on Form 10-K for the fiscal year ended September 30, 2019. Results of operations for the period ended March 31, 2020 are not necessarily indicative of the expected results for the remaining quarters in the fiscal year. All amounts are presented in millions except per-share amounts.

The Intangibles Amortization Expense presented within the Statement of Consolidated Comprehensive Income (Loss) includes amortization expense related to trademarks and trade names, intellectual property, customer and supplier relationships and land use rights. Intangible assets classified as finite are amortized on a straight-line basis over their estimated useful lives. 

On August 30, 2019, Ashland completed the sale of its Composites business (excluding Ashland’s maleic anhydride business (Maleic business)) and its butanediol facility in Marl, Germany (Marl facility). This disposal group represented a strategic shift in Ashland’s business and qualified as a discontinued operation. Accordingly, Composites (including the Maleic business) and the Marl facility assets, liabilities, operating results and cash flows for all periods presented have been classified as discontinued operations within the Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements. See Notes B and C for additional information on this divestiture.

During the second quarter of fiscal 2020, Ashland changed the manner in which it manages the business, moving from a functionally led to a business led organization. This change recognizes that Ashland has a diverse portfolio of businesses with different value propositions for the markets Ashland serves. The organizational change allows Ashland to align its business models, resources and cost structure to the specific needs of each business and enable greater ownership and accountability for both short- and long- term performance. Ashland has realigned its segment reporting structure commensurate with this organizational change.

As a result, Ashland’s five reportable segments include the consumer specialty businesses: Life Sciences and Personal Care & Household; the industrial specialty businesses: Specialty Additives and Performance Adhesives; and Intermediates and Solvents. Corporate includes corporate governance activities and certain legacy matters.  For additional information, see Note Q.

 

Use of estimates, risks and uncertainties

The preparation of Ashland’s Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements in conformity with U.S. GAAP requires management to make estimates and assumptions that affect the reported amounts of assets, liabilities, revenues and expenses, and the disclosures of contingent assets and liabilities. Significant items that are subject to such estimates and assumptions include, but are not limited to, long-lived assets (including goodwill and other intangible assets), income taxes and liabilities and receivables associated with asbestos litigation and environmental remediation. Although management bases its estimates on historical experience and various other assumptions that are believed to be reasonable under the circumstances, actual results could differ significantly from the estimates under different assumptions or conditions.

Ashland’s results are affected by domestic and international economic, political, legislative, regulatory and legal actions. Economic conditions, such as recessionary trends, inflation, interest and monetary exchange rates, government fiscal policies and changes in the prices of certain key raw materials, can have a significant effect on operations. While Ashland maintains reserves for anticipated liabilities and carries various levels of insurance, Ashland could be affected by civil, criminal, regulatory or administrative actions, claims or proceedings relating to asbestos, environmental remediation or other matters.

New accounting pronouncements

A description of new U.S. GAAP accounting standards issued or adopted during the current year is required in interim financial reporting. A detailed listing of new accounting standards relevant to Ashland is included in the Annual Report on Form 10-K for the fiscal year ended September 30, 2019. The following standards relevant to Ashland were either issued or adopted in the current fiscal year or will become effective in a subsequent period.  

 

Leases

Effective October 1, 2019, Ashland adopted new accounting guidance related to lease transactions.  The adoption of the new lease guidance resulted in the recognition of right-of-use assets and operating lease liabilities of $174 million as of October 1, 2019. The adoption did not have a material impact on Ashland’s results of operations, cash flows or debt covenants. Results for reporting periods beginning after October 1, 2019 are presented under the new accounting guidance for leases, while prior period amounts have not been adjusted and continue to be reported in accordance with our historical accounting treatment. Ashland elected the package of practical expedients permitted under the transition guidance within the new standard, which among other things, allowed it to carry forward the historical lease classification.

Ashland determines if an arrangement contains a lease at inception. Ashland recognizes right-of-use assets and liabilities associated with leases based on the present value of the future minimum lease payments over the lease term at the later of the commencement date of the lease or the October 1, 2019 implementation date. Ashland uses its incremental borrowing rate at the recognition date in determining the present value of future payments for leases that do not have a readily determinable implicit rate. Lease terms reflect options to extend or terminate the lease when it is reasonably certain that the option will be exercised. For leases that include residual value guarantees or payments for terminating the lease, Ashland includes these costs in the lease liability when it is probable that they will be incurred. Right-of-use assets and obligations for short-term leases (leases with an initial term of 12 months or less) are not recognized in the Condensed Consolidated Balance Sheet. Lease expense for short-term leases is recognized on a straight-line basis over the lease term. When contracts contain lease and non-lease components, the Company generally accounted for both components as a single lease component.

For additional information, see Note I.

Other accounting pronouncements

In February 2018, the FASB issued guidance which permits entities to reclassify tax effects stranded in accumulated other comprehensive income (AOCI) as a result of U.S. tax reform legislation to retained earnings. Additionally, this guidance requires entities to disclose whether they made an election to reclassify the tax effects and to disclose their accounting policy for releasing income tax effects from AOCI. This guidance became effective for Ashland on October 1, 2019. Ashland did not elect to reclassify the disproportionate amount in AOCI to retained earnings. Ashland estimated the impact of this guidance to be approximately $3 million. Ashland’s accounting policy for releasing income tax effects from AOCI is under the individual units of account method for items sold, terminated or extinguished from AOCI.

In August 2017, the FASB issued accounting guidance amending the existing hedge accounting model to simplify various hedge documentation requirements while also expanding hedging abilities for certain nonfinancial and financial risk components. This guidance became effective for Ashland on October 1, 2019 and had no material impact on the Consolidated Financial Statements.

In June 2016, the FASB issued amended accounting guidance related to the measurement of credit losses on financial instruments. The amended accounting guidance changes the impairment model for most financial assets to require measurement and recognition of expected credit losses for financial assets held. This guidance will become effective for Ashland on October 1, 2020. Ashland is in the process of evaluating the effect this amended accounting guidance will have on its consolidated financial position and results of operations; however, Ashland does not expect the amended accounting guidance to have a material impact to Ashland’s Consolidated Financial Statements.