10-Q

UNITED STATES

SECURITIES AND EXCHANGE COMMISSION

WASHINGTON, DC 20549

FORM 10-Q

(Mark One)

☒ QUARTERLY REPORT PURSUANT TO SECTION 13 OR 15(d) OF THE SECURITIES EXCHANGE ACT OF 1934

For the quarterly period ended June 30, 2021

OR

☐ TRANSITION REPORT PURSUANT TO SECTION 13 OR 15(d) OF THE SECURITIES EXCHANGE ACT OF 1934

For the transition period from                      to                    

Commission File No. 001-38535

Aptinyx Inc.

(Exact name of registrant as specified in its charter)

Delaware	47-4626057
(State or other jurisdiction of incorporation or organization)	(I.R.S. Employer Identification No.)

909 Davis Street, Suite 600

Evanston, IL 60201

(847) 871-0377

(Address, including zip code, and telephone number, including area code, of registrant’s principal executive offices)

Securities registered pursuant to Section 12(b) of the Act:

Title of each class	Trading symbol(s)	Name of each exchange on which registered
Common Stock, par value $0.01 per share	APTX	The Nasdaq Global Select Market

Indicate by check mark whether the registrant (1) has filed all reports required to be filed by Section 13 or 15(d) of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934 during the preceding 12 months (or for such shorter period that the registrant was required to file such reports), and (2) has been subject to such filing requirements for the past 90 days.    Yes  ☒    No ☐

Indicate by check mark whether the registrant has submitted electronically every Interactive Data File required to be submitted pursuant to Rule 405 of Regulation S-T (§ 232.405 of this chapter) during the preceding 12 months (or for such shorter period that the registrant was required to submit such files).   Yes  ☒    No  ☐

Indicate by check mark whether the registrant is a large accelerated filer, an accelerated filer, a non-accelerated filer, smaller reporting company, or an emerging growth company. See the definitions of “large accelerated filer,” “accelerated filer,” “smaller reporting company,” and “emerging growth company” in Rule 12b-2 of the Exchange Act.

Large accelerated filer	☐	Accelerated filer	☐
Non-accelerated filer	☒	Smaller reporting company	☒
		Emerging growth company	☒

If an emerging growth company, indicate by check mark if the registrant has elected not to use the extended transition period for complying with any new or revised financial accounting standards provided pursuant to Section 13(a) of the Exchange Act. ☐

Indicate by check mark whether the registrant is a shell company (as defined in Rule 12b-2 of the Exchange Act).   Yes  ☐    No  ☒

As of August 5, 2021 the registrant had 67,715,718 shares of common stock, $0.01 par value per share, outstanding.

Table of Contents

		Page
PART I.	FINANCIAL INFORMATION	5
Item 1.	Condensed Financial Statements (unaudited)	5
	Balance Sheets	5
	Statements of Operations	6
	Statements of Cash Flows	7
	Statements of Stockholders’ Equity	8
	Notes to Financial Statements	9
Item 2.	Management’s Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations	18
Item 3.	Quantitative and Qualitative Disclosures About Market Risk	26
Item 4.	Controls and Procedures	26
PART II.	OTHER INFORMATION	28
Item 1.	Legal Proceedings	28
Item 1A.	Risk Factors	28
Item 2.	Unregistered Sales of Equity Securities and Use of Proceeds	28
Item 3.	Defaults Upon Senior Securities	28
Item 4.	Mine Safety Disclosures	28
Item 5.	Other Information	28
Item 6.	Exhibits	29
Signatures		30

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SPECIAL NOTE REGARDING FORWARD-LOOKING STATEMENTS

This Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q contains forward-looking statements that involve risks, uncertainties, and other factors that may cause actual results, levels of activity, performance, or achievements to be materially different from the information expressed or implied by these forward-looking statements. All statements, other than statements of historical facts, contained in this Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q, including statements regarding our strategy, future operations, future financial position, future revenue, projected costs, prospects, plans and objectives of management and expected market growth are forward-looking statements. The words “anticipate,” “believe,” “continue,” “could,” “estimate,” “expect,” “intend,” “may,” “plan,” “potential,” “predict,” “project,” “should,” “target,” “would,” and similar expressions are intended to identify forward-looking statements, although not all forward-looking statements contain these identifying words.

These forward-looking statements include, among other things, statements about:

● the timing, progress, and results of preclinical studies and clinical trials for NYX-2925, NYX-783, NYX-458, and any future product candidates we may develop, including statements regarding the timing of initiation, recommencement, and completion of studies or trials and related preparatory work, and costs associated therewith, the period during which the results of the studies will become available, our research and development programs, and our ability to demonstrate safety and efficacy of our product candidates to the satisfaction of applicable regulatory authorities;

● the impacts of the current COVID-19 pandemic on our continuing operations, clinical development plans, including the timing of initiation, recommencement and completion of studies or trials, financial forecasts and expectations, and other matters related to our business and operations;

● the existence or absence of side effects or other properties relating to our product candidates that could delay or prevent their regulatory approval, limit their commercial potential, or result in significant negative consequences following any potential marketing approval;

● the potential for our identified research priorities to advance our technologies;

● our ability to establish or maintain future collaborations or strategic relationships or obtain additional funding in connection with these relationships;

● our ability to obtain and maintain regulatory approval of our product candidates, NYX-2925, NYX-783, NYX-458, and any other future product candidates, and any statements regarding the label of an approved product candidate, including any restrictions, limitations, and/or warnings therein;

● our intellectual property position, including the scope of protection we are able to establish and maintain for intellectual property rights covering NYX-2925, NYX-783, NYX-458, and any additional product candidates we may develop, and any statements as to whether we do or do not infringe, misappropriate, or otherwise violate any third-party intellectual property rights;

● our ability and the potential to successfully manufacture our product candidates for clinical studies and for commercial use, if approved;

● our ability to commercialize our products in light of the intellectual property rights of others;

● our ability to obtain funding for our operations, including funding necessary to complete further development and commercialization of our product candidates;

● our plans to research, develop, and commercialize our product candidates;

● our ability to attract collaborators with development, regulatory, and commercialization expertise;

● the size and growth potential of the markets for our product candidates and our ability to serve those markets;

● the rate and degree of market acceptance and clinical utility of NYX-2925, NYX-783, NYX-458, and any future product candidates we may develop, if approved;

● the pricing and reimbursement of NYX-2925, NYX-783, NYX-458, and any future product candidates we may develop, if approved;

● regulatory developments in the United States and foreign countries;

● our ability to contract with third-party suppliers and manufacturers and their ability to perform adequately;

● the success of competing therapies that are or may become available;

● our ability to retain the continued service of our key professionals and to identify, hire, and retain additional qualified professionals;

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● the accuracy of our estimates regarding expenses, future revenue, capital requirements, and needs for additional financing;

● our financial performance;

● our expectations related to the use of our cash reserves;

● the impact of laws and regulations, including, without limitation, recently enacted tax reform legislation;

● our expectations regarding the time during which we will be an “emerging growth company” under the Jumpstart Our Business Startups Act;

● our use of proceeds from the initial and follow-on public offerings; and

● other risks and uncertainties, including those listed under “Risk Factors” in our Annual Report on Form 10-K for the year ended December 31, 2020, or Annual Report.

We may not actually achieve the plans, intentions or expectations disclosed in our forward-looking statements, and you should not place undue reliance on our forward-looking statements. Actual results or events could differ materially from the plans, intentions and expectations disclosed in the forward-looking statements we make. We have included important factors in the cautionary statements included in this Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q and our Annual Report filed with the Securities and Exchange Commission, or the SEC, on March 24, 2021, particularly in the “Risk Factors” section, that could cause actual results or events to differ materially from the forward-looking statements that we make. Our forward-looking statements do not reflect the potential impact of any future acquisitions, mergers, dispositions, collaborations, joint ventures or investments that we may make or into which we may enter.

You should read this Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q and the documents that we reference herein and have filed or incorporated by reference as exhibits hereto completely and with the understanding that our actual future results may be materially different from what we expect. We do not assume any obligation to update any forward-looking statements, whether as a result of new information, future events or otherwise, except as required by law.

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PART I—FINANCIAL INFORMATION

Item 1. Condensed Financial Statements.

Aptinyx Inc.

Condensed Balance Sheets

(unaudited)

(in thousands, except per share data)

	June 30,		December 31,
	2021		2020
Assets
Current assets:
Cash and cash equivalents	$	129,226	$	141,028
Restricted cash		179		179
Accounts receivable		—		257
Prepaid expenses and other current assets		4,372		8,140
Total current assets		133,777		149,604
Other assets		92		92
Property and equipment, net		299		910
Total assets	$	134,168	$	150,606
Liabilities and stockholders’ equity
Current liabilities:
Accounts payable	$	434	$	1,209
Accrued expenses and other current liabilities		2,948		3,374
Total current liabilities		3,382		4,583
Other long-term liabilities		30		114
Total liabilities	$	3,412	$	4,697
Commitments and contingencies (see Note 10)
Stockholders’ equity:
Preferred stock, $0.01 par value, 10,000 shares authorized and no shares issued and outstanding as of June 30, 2021 and December 31, 2020		—		—
Common stock, $0.01 par value, 150,000 shares authorized as of June 30, 2021 and December 31, 2020, 67,716 and 63,257 issued and outstanding as of June 30, 2021 and December 31, 2020		677		633
Additional paid-in capital		377,125		358,277
Accumulated deficit		(247,046)		(213,001)
Total stockholders’ equity	$	130,756	$	145,909
Total liabilities and stockholders’ equity	$	134,168	$	150,606

See accompanying notes to these unaudited condensed financial statements.

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Aptinyx Inc.

Condensed Statements of Operations

(unaudited)

(in thousands, except per share data)

	Three Months Ended June 30,				Six Months Ended June 30,
	2021		2020		2021		2020
Revenues:
Collaboration revenue	$	—	$	490	$	1,000	$	1,308
Operating expenses:
Research and development		14,796		8,365		25,110		19,420
General and administrative		5,070		4,770		10,046		9,669
Total operating expenses		19,866		13,135		35,156		29,089
Loss from operations		(19,866)		(12,645)		(34,156)		(27,781)
Other income		47		128		111		554
Net loss and comprehensive loss	$	(19,819)	$	(12,517)	$	(34,045)	$	(27,227)
Net loss per share attributable to common stockholders, basic and diluted	$	(0.29)	$	(0.27)	$	(0.51)	$	(0.61)
Weighted-average number of common shares outstanding, basic and diluted		67,381		45,680		66,716		44,757

See accompanying notes to these unaudited condensed financial statements.

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Aptinyx Inc.

Condensed Statements of Cash Flows

(unaudited)

(in thousands)

	Six Months Ended
	June 30,
	2021		2020
Cash flows from operating activities:
Net loss	$	(34,045)	$	(27,227)
Adjustments to reconcile net loss to net cash used in operating activities:
Depreciation and amortization expense		450		211
Stock-based compensation expense		5,133		4,834
Changes in operating assets and liabilities:
Prepaid expenses and other assets		3,692		1,889
Accounts receivable		257		(46)
Accounts payable		(775)		(60)
Accrued expenses and other liabilities		(467)		(946)
Net cash used in operating activities		(25,755)		(21,345)
Cash flows from investing activities:
Purchases of property and equipment		—		(35)
Proceeds from sale of property and equipment		121		—
Net cash provided by (used in) investing activities		121		(35)
Cash flows from financing activities:
Proceeds from stock options exercised		133		473
Repurchase of shares for tax withholdings		(912)		—
Proceeds from public offering, net of underwriters' discounts		—		33,672
Proceeds from at the market offering, net of sales commission		14,615		4,668
Payment of offering costs		(4)		(404)
Net cash provided by financing activities		13,832		38,409
Net (decrease) increase in cash, cash equivalents and restricted cash		(11,802)		17,029
Cash, cash equivalents and restricted cash, at beginning of period		141,299		99,194
Cash, cash equivalents and restricted cash, at end of period	$	129,497	$	116,223
Supplemental disclosure of non-cash investing and financing activities:
Offering costs not yet paid	$	—	$	12
Property and equipment in accounts payable	$	—	$	38

See accompanying notes to these unaudited condensed financial statements.

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Aptinyx Inc.

Condensed Statements of Stockholders’ Equity

(unaudited)

(in thousands)

				Additional				Total
	Common stock			paid-in		Accumulated		stockholders’
	Shares	Amount		capital		deficit		equity
Balance at March 31, 2021	66,930	$	669	$	375,499	$	(227,227)	$	148,941
Issuance of common stock upon vesting of restricted stock	1,084		11		(11)		—		—
Repurchase of shares for tax withholdings	(345)		(3)		(902)		—		(905)
Stock-based compensation	—		—		2,478		—		2,478
Issuance of common stock upon exercise of stock options	47		—		61		—		61
Net loss	—		—		—		(19,819)		(19,819)
Balance at June 30, 2021	67,716	$	677	$	377,125	$	(247,046)	$	130,756
Balance at March 31, 2020	45,546	$	455	$	299,721	$	(177,658)	$	122,518
Issuance of common stock upon vesting of restricted stock	12		—		—				—
Stock-based compensation	—		—		2,503		—		2,503
Issuance of common stock upon at the market offering, net of sales commissions and other offering costs of $237	1,193		12		4,563		—		4,575
Issuance of common stock upon exercise of stock options	99		1		228		—		229
Net loss	—		—		—		(12,517)		(12,517)
Balance at June 30, 2020	46,850	$	468	$	307,015	$	(190,175)	$	117,308
				Additional				Total
	Common stock			paid-in		Accumulated		stockholders’
	Shares	Amount		capital		deficit		equity
Balance at December 31, 2020	63,257	$	633	$	358,277	$	(213,001)	$	145,909
Issuance of common stock upon vesting of restricted stock	1,089		11		(11)		—		—
Repurchase of shares for tax withholdings	(347)		(3)		(909)		—		(912)
Issuance of common stock upon at the market offering, net of sales commissions and other offering costs of $529	3,630		36		14,502		—		14,538
Stock‑based compensation	—		—		5,133		—		5,133
Issuance of common stock upon exercise of stock options	87		—		133		—		133
Net loss	—				—		(34,045)		(34,045)
Balance at June 30, 2021	67,716	$	677	$	377,125	$	(247,046)	$	130,756
Balance at December 31, 2019	33,739	$	337	$	263,922	$	(162,948)	$	101,311
Issuance of common stock upon vesting of restricted stock	23		—				—		—
Stock‑based compensation	—		—		4,834		—		4,834
Issuance of common stock upon public offering, net of underwriters’ discount and other offering costs of $1,733	11,692		117		33,225		—		33,342
Issuance of common stock upon at the market offering, net of sales commissions and other offering costs of $237	1,193		12		4,563		—		4,575
Issuance of common stock upon exercise of stock options	203		2		471		—		473
Net loss	—		—		—		(27,227)		(27,227)
Balance at June 30, 2020	46,850	$	468	$	307,015	$	(190,175)	$	117,308

See accompanying notes to the unaudited condensed financial statements.

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Aptinyx Inc.

Notes to Condensed Financial Statements

(unaudited)

1.           Organization

Description of business

Aptinyx Inc. (the “Company” or “Aptinyx”) was incorporated in Delaware on June 24, 2015 and maintains its headquarters in Evanston, Illinois.

Aptinyx is a clinical-stage biopharmaceutical company focused on the discovery, development, and commercialization of novel, proprietary, synthetic small molecules for the treatment of brain and nervous system disorders. Aptinyx has a platform for discovering proprietary compounds that work through a novel mechanism: modulation of N-methyl-D-aspartate receptors (“NMDAr”), which are vital to normal and effective brain and nervous system functions. This mechanism has applicability across numerous nervous system disorders.

Liquidity and capital resources

On July 1, 2019, the Company entered into a Sales Agreement with Cowen and Company, LLC (“Cowen”) pursuant to which the Company may offer and sell shares of its common stock with an aggregate offering price of up to $50.0 million under an “at the market” offering program (the “ATM Offering”). The Sales Agreement provides that Cowen will be entitled to a sales commission equal to 3.0% of the gross sales price per share of all shares sold under the ATM Offering. To date, the Company has sold an aggregate of 5,120,940 shares at a weighted-average price of $3.99 per share for net proceeds of $20.4 million after deducting sales commission and other offering expenses, including 3,629,458 shares for net proceeds of $14.5 million during the six months ended June 30, 2021.

On January 14, 2020, the Company completed a follow-on public offering of its common stock pursuant to an effective registration statement on Form S-3. The Company sold an aggregate of 11,691,666 shares of common stock, which included the exercise in full of the underwriters’ option to purchase additional shares, at a public offering price of $3.00 per share. Net proceeds from the offering were approximately $33.3 million after deducting underwriting discounts and commissions as well as other offering expenses.

On October 26, 2020, the Company completed a follow-on public offering of its common stock pursuant to an effective registration statement on Form S-3. The Company sold an aggregate of 16,100,000 shares of common stock, which included the exercise in full of the underwriters’ option to purchase additional shares, at a public offering price of $3.00 per share. Net proceeds from the offering were approximately $45.1 million after deducting underwriting discounts and commissions as well as estimated offering expenses.

As of June 30, 2021, the Company had cash and cash equivalents of $129.2 million, which the Company believes will be sufficient to funds its planned operations for a period of at least twelve months from the date of issuance of these condensed financial statements.

2.Summary of significant accounting policies

Basis of presentation

The condensed financial statements of the Company included herein have been prepared pursuant to the rules and regulations of the Securities and Exchange Commission (the “SEC”). Certain information and footnote disclosures normally included in financial statements prepared in accordance with accounting principles generally accepted in the United States of America (“GAAP”) have been condensed or omitted from this report, as is permitted by such rules and regulations. The accompanying condensed financial statements reflect all adjustments consisting of normal, recurring adjustments that are necessary for a fair presentation of the financial position, results of operations and cash flows for the interim periods presented. Interim results are not necessarily indicative of results for a full year. Accordingly, these

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condensed financial statements should be read in conjunction with the financial statements included in the Company’s Annual Report on Form 10-K for the year ended December 31, 2020 (the “Annual Report”) filed with the SEC on March 24, 2021.

From time to time, new accounting pronouncements are issued by the Financial Accounting Standards Board (“FASB”), or other standard setting bodies and adopted by the Company as of the specified effective date. Unless otherwise discussed, the impact of recently issued standards that are not yet effective will not have a material impact on the Company’s financial statements upon adoption. Under the Jumpstart Our Business Startups Act of 2012, as amended (the “JOBS Act”), the Company meets the definition of an emerging growth company, and has elected the extended transition period for complying with new or revised accounting standards, which delays the adoption of these accounting standards until they would apply to private companies.

Use of estimates

The condensed financial statements are prepared in conformity with GAAP. This process requires management to make estimates and assumptions that affect the reported amounts of assets and liabilities and the disclosure of contingent assets and liabilities as of the date of the financial statements and the reported amounts of expenses during the reporting period. Actual results could differ from those estimates.

Risk and uncertainties

The Company’s future results of operations involve a number of risks and uncertainties. Factors that could affect the Company’s future operating results and cause actual results to vary materially from expectations include, but are not limited to, uncertainty of: the impact of COVID-19 on future clinical study results, the scope, timing, rate of progress, and expense of the Company’s ongoing as well as any additional preclinical studies, clinical studies, and other research and development activities, clinical study enrollment rate or design, the manufacturing of the Company’s product candidates, significant and changing government regulation, and the timing and receipt of any regulatory approvals.

A novel strain of coronavirus (COVID-19) was first identified in December 2019, and subsequently declared a global pandemic by the World Health Organization on March 11, 2020. As a result of the outbreak, many companies have experienced disruptions in their operations and in markets served. On March 27, 2020, the Company suspended patient enrollment for certain ongoing Phase 2 clinical studies, including its NYX-2925 studies in painful diabetic peripheral neuropathy and fibromyalgia and its NYX-483 study in Parkinson’s disease cognitive impairment and dementia with Lewy bodies. The Company re-initiated enrollment in its NYX-2925 study in fibromyalgia in September 2020, in its NYX-2925 study in painful diabetic peripheral neuropathy in January 2021, and in its NYX-483 study in Parkinson’s disease cognitive impairment and dementia with Lewy bodies in March 2021. The Company has initiated some and may take additional temporary precautionary measures intended to help ensure the well-being of its employees and minimize business disruption. The Company considered the impact of COVID-19 on the assumptions and estimates used and determined that there were no material adverse impacts on the Company’s results of operations and financial position as of and for the six months ended June 30, 2021. The full extent of the future impacts of COVID-19 on the Company’s operations is uncertain. A prolonged outbreak could have a material adverse impact on financial results and business operations of the Company, including the availability of capital, timing and ability of the Company to complete certain clinical studies, and other efforts required to advance the development of its targets.

Significant accounting policies

The Company’s significant accounting policies are described in Note 3, “Summary of significant accounting policies,” in the Annual Report. There have been no material changes to the significant accounting policies during the six months ended June 30, 2021.

Recently issued accounting pronouncement

In February 2016, the FASB issued ASU No. 2016-02, Leases (“ASU 2016-02”), as amended, which requires a lessee to recognize assets and liabilities on the balance sheet for operating leases and changes many key definitions, including the

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definition of a lease. The new standard includes a short-term lease exception for leases with a term of 12 months or less, as part of which a lessee can make an accounting policy election not to recognize lease assets and lease liabilities. Lessees will continue to differentiate between finance leases (previously referred to as capital leases) and operating leases using classification criteria that are substantially similar to the previous guidance. The new standard will be effective for the Company for annual reporting periods beginning after December 15, 2021 and interim periods within fiscal years beginning after December 15, 2022, and early adoption is permitted. The Company anticipates that the adoption of this standard will have an impact on its balance sheet due to the recognition of right-of-use assets and lease liabilities; however, the Company is currently evaluating the impact that the adoption of ASU 2016-02 may have on its condensed financial statements.

3.           Supplemental financial information

Cash, cash equivalents and restricted cash

Cash and cash equivalents consist of cash and, if applicable, highly liquid investments with an original maturity of three months or less when purchased. The following table provides a reconciliation of cash, cash equivalents, and restricted cash reported within the balance sheets that sum to the total of the same such amounts shown in the condensed statements of cash flows (in thousands).

	As of		As of
	June 30,		December 31,
	2021		2020
Cash and cash equivalents	$	129,226	$	141,028
Short-term and long-term restricted cash		271		271
Total cash, cash equivalents, and restricted cash shown in the statements of cash flows	$	129,497	$	141,299

Prepaid expenses and other current assets

Prepaid expenses and other current assets consist of the following (in thousands):

	As of		As of
	June 30,		December 31,
	2021		2020
Prepaid clinical	$	1,669	$	6,052
Prepaid insurance		88		1,177
Prepaid manufacturing costs		2,308		613
Other prepaid expenses and current assets		307		298
Total prepaid expenses and other current assets	$	4,372	$	8,140

Accrued expenses and other current liabilities

Accrued expenses and other current liabilities consist of the following (in thousands):

	As of		As of
	June 30,		December 31,
	2021		2020
Employee-related expenses	$	1,135	$	2,039
Development costs and sponsored research		728		897
Clinical trials		656		195
Other		429		243
Total accrued expenses and other current liabilities	$	2,948	$	3,374

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4.           Research collaboration agreement with Allergan

On July 24, 2015, the Company entered into a Research Collaboration Agreement (“RCA”) with Naurex Inc., a subsidiary of Allergan plc (“Allergan”), which became a wholly owned subsidiary of AbbVie Inc. in May 2020. The RCA was focused on the research and discovery of small molecules that modulate NMDArs. The collaboration was supervised by a Joint Steering Committee (“JSC”) comprising an equal number of representatives from both the Company and Allergan. Under the terms of the agreement, the RCA terminated upon the earlier of (i) 180 days after a predetermined anniversary of the effective date of the RCA and (ii) the date on which Allergan exercised the last of three options to acquire molecules from a pool of eligible compounds, in both cases (clauses (i) and (ii)) subject to potential extension if and as required for the Company to transfer to Allergan information and technology related to compounds that were licensed by Allergan. The jointly funded research activities and option exercise period under the RCA, including the associated payments by Allergan to the Company, came to their contractual conclusions in accordance with the agreement in August 2020 and February 2021, respectively. Under the terms of the agreement, Allergan was to pay the Company $1.0 million for each option exercised by Allergan. On February 23, 2021, Allergan exercised its option to acquire exclusive rights to develop and commercialize AGN-281705 within a predefined set of indications. For the six months ended June 30, 2021, the Company recognized the $1.0 million non-refundable milestone payment within collaboration revenue in the statements of operations as there were no remaining performance obligations associated with the optioned compound.

The Company concluded that Allergan meets the definition of a customer, and therefore concluded that the RCA represents a contract with a customer that falls within the scope of ASC 606.

Performance obligations

The Company identified the following promised goods or services within the RCA:

● Research Licenses – the Company provides access to exclusive licenses under all of the Company’s NMDAr technologies, during the research term for the sole purpose of conducting research and development activities (the “Research Licenses”). Historically, the Company’s licenses have held no value to the customer on a standalone basis, as the research compounds were in the early discovery phase and required the Company’s expertise for further development. Accordingly, the Research Licenses are not considered distinct.

● Research and Development Services – the Company provided research and development services that were performed on behalf of, or with, Allergan (the “Research and Development Services”). As discussed within Research Licenses above, the Company’s licenses have historically held no value without the specialized Research and Development Services. As the Company generally only provides Research and Development Services for internally generated small molecules that modulate NMDArs which require a license to be utilized by a third party, the Research and Development Services are not considered distinct.

● Joint Steering Committee – the Company actively participated in a joint steering committee, which allowed the Company and its collaboration partner to direct the progression and prioritization of the joint discovery programs. As the JSC would not occur or benefit the customer without the use of the Research Licenses and the related Research and Development Services, and given the Company’s proprietary knowledge of the Research Licenses and the NMDAr technologies, this is not considered distinct.

The Company also evaluated whether the option granted to the customer to acquire additional goods or services represented a material right at contract inception. Upon Allergan’s exercise of one of its options, the Company was obligated to transfer control of all intellectual property relating to the optioned compound to Allergan, after which the Company has no further interest in, or continuing involvement with, such optioned compound. The Company evaluated the customer options for material rights, that is, whether the option was to acquire additional goods or services for free or at a discount, and concluded that the options are priced, at contract inception, at standalone selling price. Consequently, the customer options do not represent a performance obligation at the outset of the arrangement since they are contingent upon the option exercise which is outside of the Company’s control.

The Company has concluded that there is a single combined performance obligation (comprising the Research Licenses, Research and Development Services, and participation in the JSC) which is satisfied over time, as the Research and

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Development Services are performed. The exercise of the option to acquire exclusive rights to develop and commercialize AGN-241751 or AGN-281705 are not considered a performance obligation until the time of option exercise.

Transaction price

The RCA included both fixed and variable consideration. Fixed payments, such as contractually defined fees per full-time employee (“FTE”), were included in the transaction price at contract inception, while variable consideration, such as reimbursement for Research and Development Services, were estimated and then evaluated for constraints upon inception of the contract and evaluated on a quarterly basis thereafter. Research and Development Services were updated for actual invoices. There were no capitalized costs associated with obtaining the contract.

The Company used an input method to measure proportional performance and to calculate the corresponding amount of revenue to recognize. The Company used fixed FTE efforts and variable out-of-pocket costs as actual costs incurred relative to the annual budget research plan to measure progress towards fulfillment of the performance obligation. An input method of revenue recognition requires management to make estimates of costs to complete the Company’s performance obligations. In making such estimates, significant judgment is required to evaluate assumptions related to cost estimates. The cumulative effect of revisions to estimated costs to complete the Company’s performance obligations will be recorded in the period in which changes are identified and amounts can be reasonably estimated. The Company does not anticipate significant changes as the research plan is reviewed and adjusted annually and approved by the JSC. There are no significant financing components in the contract.

The Company has determined that the option fee is representative of standalone selling price and concluded that it would recognize revenue for the option fee at a point in time, on the date of exercise, due to the significant uncertainty of whether or not Allergan would exercise the option. The Company recognizes the option fee at a point in time because control of the underlying intellectual property transfers to the customer, and the customer is able to use and benefit from the license. The Company has no further rights, interests, or remaining performance obligations associated with any optioned compound, once exercised.

During the three months ended June 30, 2021 and 2020, the Company recorded expenses of $0.0 million and $1.0 million, respectively, for certain development activities in accordance with the terms of the RCA, of which 50% was reimbursed by Allergan. The Company received reimbursements of $0.0 million and $0.5 million during the three months ended June 30, 2021 and 2020, respectively. During the six months ended June 30, 2021 and 2020, the Company recorded expenses of $0.0 million and $2.6 million, respectively, for certain development activities in accordance with the terms of the RCA, of which 50% was reimbursed by Allergan. The Company received reimbursements of $0.0 million and $1.3 million during the six months ended June 30, 2021 and 2020, respectively. Such reimbursements were reported within collaboration revenue in the condensed statements of operations. All of the Company’s accounts receivable as of December 31, 2020 relate to amounts owed by Allergan under the RCA.

5.           Fair value measurements

ASC 820, Fair Value Measurement (“ASC 820”), establishes a fair value hierarchy for instruments measured at fair value that distinguishes between assumptions based on market data (observable inputs) and the Company’s own assumptions (unobservable inputs). ASC 820 identifies fair value as the exchange price, or exit price, representing the amount that would be received to sell an asset or paid to transfer a liability in an orderly transaction between market participants. As a basis for considering market participant assumptions in fair value measurements, ASC 820 establishes a three-tier fair value hierarchy that distinguishes between the following:

● Level 1 inputs are quoted prices (unadjusted) in active markets for identical assets or liabilities;

● Level 2 inputs are inputs other than quoted prices included within Level 1 that are observable for the asset or liability, either directly or indirectly; and

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● Level 3 inputs are unobservable inputs that reflect the Company’s own assumptions about the assumptions market participants would use in pricing the asset or liability. Financial assets and liabilities are classified in their entirety based on the lowest level of input that is significant to the fair value measurement.

To the extent that the valuation is based on models or inputs that are less observable or unobservable in the market, the determination of fair value requires more judgment. Accordingly, the degree of judgment exercised by the Company in determining fair value is greatest for instruments categorized in Level 3. A financial instrument’s level within the fair value hierarchy is based on the lowest level of any input that is significant to the fair value measurement.

The carrying values reported in the Company’s balance sheets for cash and cash equivalents, restricted cash, accounts receivable, accounts payable, and accrued expenses are reasonable estimates of their fair values due to the short-term nature of these items.

Assets measured at fair value as of June 30, 2021 are as follows (in thousands):

	June 30,
	2021		Level 1		Level 2		Level 3
Assets
Money market funds, included in cash and cash equivalents	$	128,693	$	128,693	$	—	$	—
Money market funds, included in restricted cash		179		179		—		—
Money market funds, included in other assets		92		92		—		—
	$	128,964	$	128,964	$	—	$	—

Assets measured at fair value as of December 31, 2020 are as follows (in thousands):

	December 31,
	2020		Level 1		Level 2		Level 3
Assets
Money market funds, included in cash and cash equivalents	$	140,283	$	140,283	$	—	$	—
Money market funds, included in restricted cash		179		179		—		—
Money market funds, included in other assets		92		92		—		—
	$	140,554	$	140,554	$	—	$	—

6.           Property and equipment, net

Property and equipment are as follows (in thousands):

	As of		As of
	June 30,		December 31,
	2021		2020
Computer software and equipment	$	—	$	15
Office equipment and furniture		152		176
Laboratory equipment		401		1,801
Leasehold improvements		979		1,062
Less accumulated depreciation		(1,233)		(2,144)
Property and equipment, net	$	299	$	910

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Depreciation expense was $0.1 million for each of the three months ended June 30, 2021 and 2020, respectively, and $0.5 million and $0.3 million for the six months ended June 30, 2021 and 2020, respectively. The Company disposed of certain laboratory equipment during the six months ended June 30, 2021 that were fully depreciated at the time of disposal.

7.           Stock incentive plans

On June 5, 2018, the Company’s stockholders approved the 2018 Stock Option and Incentive Plan (the “2018 Plan”), which became effective on June 20, 2018. The 2018 Plan provides for an annual increase, to be added on the first day of each fiscal year, of up to 4% of the Company’s outstanding shares of common stock as of the last day of the prior year. On January 1, 2021, 2,530,267 shares of common stock were added to the 2018 Plan. The number of shares available for grant under the Company’s 2018 Plan as of June 30, 2021 was 1,885,199.

Stock-based compensation expense

Non-cash stock-based compensation expense recognized in the accompanying condensed statements of operations relating to stock options, restricted stock awards, and restricted stock units for the three and six months ended June 30, 2021 and 2020 was as follows (in thousands):

	Three months ended				Six months ended
	June 30,				June 30,
	2021		2020		2021		2020
Research and development	$	676	$	559	$	1,413	$	1,365
General and administrative		1,802		1,944		3,720		2,960
Total stock‑based compensation expense	$	2,478	$	2,503	$	5,133	$	4,325

Stock options

The table below summarizes activity related to stock options (in thousands, except per share amounts):

				Weighted‑
		Weighted‑		average
		average		remaining	Aggregate
		exercise		contractual	intrinsic
Options	Shares	price		term	value
Outstanding, December 31, 2020	6,684	$	6.88	7.96	$	1,582
Granted	3,080		3.50
Exercised	(87)		1.53
Forfeited and canceled	(189)		6.67
Outstanding, June 30, 2021	9,488	$	5.83	8.26	$	405
Vested and expected to vest at June 30, 2021	9,488	$	5.83	8.26	$	405
Exercisable at June 30, 2021	4,139	$	7.12	7.15	$	246

During the six months ended June 30, 2021 and 2020, the Company granted 3.1 million and 2.4 million stock options, respectively and these options had a weighted-average grant-date fair value of $2.73 and $2.06 per share, respectively. The weighted-average grant-date fair value of options was determined using the Black-Scholes option-pricing model. The assumptions used in the Black-Scholes option-pricing model for options granted during the six months ended June 30, 2021 were similar to those as described in the Annual Report, except for the manner in which the expected volatility was determined. The expected volatility for the Company’s options granted during the six months ended June 30, 2021 is based on a weighted-average of the historical volatility of share values of publicly traded companies within the biotechnology industry which includes the historical volatility of the Company’s stock since the Company’s initial public offering. As of June 30, 2021, there was $17.4 million of total unrecognized stock-based compensation expense related to non-vested stock options which is expected to be recognized over a weighted-average period of 2.5 years. The options have a ten-year life and generally vest over a period of four years, subject to continuous employment.

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Restricted stock units

In June 2020 and May 2019, the Company issued an aggregate of 205,200 and 1,183,400 restricted stock units, respectively, to employees. The restricted stock units issued in 2020 vest ten months from the date of grant. The restricted stock units issued in 2019 vest two years from the date of grant. The Company at any time may accelerate the vesting of the restricted stock units. Such shares are not accounted for as outstanding until they vest.

The table below summarizes activity related to restricted stock units (in thousands, except per share amounts):

		Weighted‑
		average
		grant date
		fair value
	Shares	per share
Unvested as of December 31, 2020	1,091	$	3.63
Issued		$
Vested	(1,089)		3.63
Forfeited and canceled	(2)		3.63
Unvested as of June 30, 2021	—	$	—

Non-cash restricted stock unit award expense recognized in the accompanying condensed statements of operations was $0.2 million and $0.5 million for the three months ended June 30, 2021 and 2020, respectively, and $0.8 million and $0.9 million for the six months ended June 30, 2021 and 2020, respectively. There were no unvested restricted stock units as of June 30, 2021.

8.         Net loss per share

Basic and diluted net loss per share attributable to common stockholders was calculated as follows for the three and six months ended June 30, 2021 and 2020 (in thousands, except per share data):

	Three months ended				Six months ended
	June 30,				June 30,
	2021		2020		2021		2020
Numerator:
Net loss attributable to common stockholders	$	(19,819)	$	(12,517)	$	(34,045)	$	(27,227)
Denominator:
Weighted-average common shares outstanding—basic and diluted		67,381		45,680		66,716		44,757
Net loss per share attributable to common stockholders—basic and diluted	$	(0.29)	$	(0.27)	$	(0.51)	$	(0.61)

The following common stock equivalents outstanding as of June 30, 2021 and 2020, were excluded from the computation of diluted net loss per share attributable to common stockholders for the periods presented because including them would have been anti-dilutive (in thousands):

	As of
	June 30,
	2021	2020
Stock options issued and outstanding	9,488	6,680
Unvested restricted stock	—	1,131
Total	9,488	7,811

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9.          Income taxes

Deferred tax assets and liabilities are determined based on the difference between the financial statement and tax bases of assets and liabilities using enacted tax rates in effect for the year in which the differences are expected to reverse. Valuation allowances are provided if based upon the weight of available evidence, it is more likely than not that some or all of the deferred tax assets will not be realized. The Company has evaluated the positive and negative evidence bearing upon the realizability of its deferred tax assets, including its net operating losses. Based on its history of operating losses, the Company believes that it is more likely than not that the benefit of its deferred tax assets will not be realized. Accordingly, the Company has provided a full valuation allowance for deferred tax assets as of June 30, 2021 and December 31, 2020.

10.         Commitments and contingencies

Contingencies

From time to time, the Company may be subject to occasional lawsuits, investigations, and claims arising out of the normal conduct of business. The Company has no significant pending or threatened litigation as of June 30, 2021.

Indemnifications

In the normal course of business, the Company enters into contracts that contain a variety of indemnifications with its employees, licensors, suppliers and service providers. Further, the Company indemnifies its directors and officers who are, or were, serving at the Company’s request in such capacities. The Company’s maximum exposure under these arrangements is unknown at June 30, 2021. The Company does not anticipate recognizing any significant losses relating to these arrangements.

Leases

The Company enters into various non-cancelable, operating lease agreements for its facilities and equipment in order to conduct its operations. The Company expenses rent on a straight-line basis over the life of the lease and has recorded deferred rent on the Company’s balance sheets within both accrued expenses and other current liabilities and other long-term liabilities.

Total rent expense, inclusive of lease incentives, under all the operating lease agreements amounted to $0.2 million for each of the three months ended June 30, 2021 and 2020 and $0.4 million for each of the six months ended June 30, 2021 and 2020, respectively.

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Item 2. Management’s Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations.

The following discussion should be read in conjunction with our condensed financial statements and accompanying footnotes appearing elsewhere in this Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q and our audited financial statements and related footnotes included in our Annual Report on Form 10-K for the year ended December 31, 2020, or Annual Report, filed with the Securities and Exchange Commission, or the SEC, on March 24, 2021.

Some of the information contained in this discussion and analysis or set forth elsewhere in this Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q, including information with respect to our plans and strategy for our business, includes forward-looking statements that involve risks and uncertainties. See “Special Note Regarding Forward-Looking Statements.” Because of many factors, including those factors set forth in the “Risk Factors” section of our Annual Report, our actual results could differ materially from the results described in or implied by the forward-looking statements contained in the following discussion and analysis. We do not assume any obligation to update any forward-looking statements, whether as a result of new information, future events, or otherwise, except as required by law.

Overview

We are a clinical-stage biopharmaceutical company focused on the discovery, development, and commercialization of novel, proprietary, synthetic small molecules for the treatment of nervous system disorders. We focus our efforts on targeting and modulating N-methyl-D-aspartate receptors, or NMDArs, which are vital to normal and effective function of the brain and nervous system. We believe leveraging the therapeutic advantages of the differentiated modulatory mechanism of our compounds will drive a paradigm shift in the treatment of disorders of the brain and nervous system. We are advancing a pipeline of distinct product candidates derived from our NMDAr modulator discovery platform, or the discovery platform. The following table summarizes the current status of our development programs as of the date of this quarterly report.

NYX-2925 is in clinical development for the treatment of chronic pain. NYX-2925 is being evaluated in two Phase 2b studies in two chronic pain conditions: one evaluating the efficacy and safety in approximately 200 patients with painful diabetic peripheral neuropathy, or painful DPN, and the other evaluating the efficacy and safety in approximately 300 patients with fibromyalgia. NYX-783 is in clinical development for the treatment of post-traumatic stress disorder, or PTSD. Based on the findings from our recently completed exploratory Phase 2 study of NYX-783 in patients with PTSD, and following a Type C meeting with the U.S. Food and Drug Administration, we plan to advance NYX-783 into two Phase 2b studies. NYX-458 is in clinical development for the treatment of cognitive impairment associated with neurodegenerative conditions. We are currently enrolling patients in a Phase 2 exploratory study in patients with cognitive impairment associated with Parkinson’s disease or dementia with Lewy bodies.

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The COVID-19 pandemic has and could further adversely impact our clinical and/or preclinical studies, as well as our business operations. We continue to evaluate the impact of the COVID-19 pandemic on patients and our employees, as well as our operations and the operations of our business partners and healthcare communities. In response to the COVID-19 pandemic, we have implemented policies to mitigate the risk of exposure to COVID-19 by our personnel, including restrictions on the number of staff in any given research and development laboratory or manufacturing facility, a work-from-home policy applicable to the majority of our personnel, and a phased approach to bringing personnel back to our locations over time. However, the ultimate impact of the COVID-19 pandemic on our business operations is highly uncertain and subject to change and will depend on future developments which are difficult to predict.

Since our inception in June 2015, we have never generated revenue from the sale of our products and have incurred significant net losses. Our nominal revenues have been primarily derived from a research collaboration agreement with Allergan plc, or Allergan, a development services agreement with Allergan, and research and development grants from the U.S. government. While these revenues offset a small portion of the costs associated with our early stage research and discovery efforts, we do not rely on these revenues to fund our operations. In connection with the natural conclusion of our research collaboration with Allergan in August 2020, we do not expect to continue to receive revenues from this collaboration.

From our inception through June 30, 2021, we have raised an aggregate of $135.0 million of gross proceeds from sales of our convertible preferred stock, $117.8 million of gross proceeds from our initial public offering, or IPO and $104.4 million of gross proceeds from our follow-on public offerings and our “at the market” offering program, or the ATM Offering. See “Liquidity and capital resources.” Our net losses were $50.1 million and $57.4 million for the years ended December 31, 2020 and 2019, respectively, and $34.0 million and $27.2 million for the six months ended June 30, 2021 and 2020, respectively. As of June 30, 2021, we had an accumulated deficit of $247.0 million. Our net losses may fluctuate significantly from quarter to quarter and year to year. We expect to continue to incur significant expenses and operating losses for the foreseeable future. We anticipate that our expenses will continue to increase in connection with our ongoing activities.

We believe that our available funds will be sufficient to fund our operations for at least the next twelve months. We have based this estimate on assumptions that may prove to be wrong, and we could utilize our available capital resources sooner than we currently expect. We do not expect to generate revenue from product sales unless and until we successfully complete clinical development and obtain regulatory approval for a product candidate, which we expect will take a number of years and the outcome of which is uncertain, or enter into collaborative agreements with third parties, the timing of which is largely beyond our control and may never occur. To fund our current and future operating plans, we will need additional capital, which we may obtain through one or more equity offerings, debt financings, or other third-party funding, including potential strategic alliances and licensing or collaboration arrangements. We may, however, be unable to raise additional funds or enter into such other arrangements when needed on favorable terms or at all, including as a result of COVID-19. Our failure to raise capital or enter into such other arrangements as and when needed would have a negative impact on our financial condition and our ability to develop our current product candidates, or any additional product candidates, if developed. The amount and timing of our future funding requirements will depend on many factors, including the impacts of COVID-19, our ability to timely and successfully enroll subjects in our clinical studies, and the pace and results of our preclinical and clinical development efforts. We cannot assure you that we will ever be profitable or generate positive cash flow from operating activities.

Financial operations overview

Revenues

We have not generated any revenue from product sales. We are unable to predict when, if ever, material net cash inflows will commence from sales of our products, if approved. Our revenue to date has been primarily derived from a research collaboration agreement with Allergan (now a subsidiary of AbbVie), under which the jointly funded research activities and option exercise period, including the associated payments by Allergan, came to their contractual conclusion in August 2020 and February 2021, respectively; a development services agreement with Allergan, which was put in place to continue certain development activities for a pre-determined period of time following Allergan's acquisition of Naurex

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Inc.; and research and development grants from the U.S. government that have no repayment or royalty obligations and none of which are currently outstanding.

Operating expenses

Research and development expenses

Research and development activities account for a significant portion of our operating expenses. We expense research and development costs as incurred. Research and development expenses consist of costs incurred in connection with the development of our product candidates, including:

● fees paid to consultants, sponsored researchers, contract manufacturing organizations, or CMOs, and contract research organizations, or CROs, including in connection with our preclinical and clinical studies, and other related clinical study fees, such as for investigator grants, patient screening, laboratory work, clinical study database management, and statistical compilation and analysis;

● costs related to acquiring and maintaining preclinical and clinical study materials and facilities;

● costs related to compliance with regulatory requirements; and

● costs related to salaries, bonuses, and other compensation, including stock-based compensation, for employees in research and development functions.

At this time, we cannot reasonably estimate or know the nature, timing, and costs of the efforts that will be necessary to complete the development of our product candidates. This is due to the numerous risks and uncertainties associated with developing such product candidates, including the uncertainty related to:

● the impacts of COVID-19;

● future clinical study results; the scope, rate of progress, and expense of our ongoing as well as any additional preclinical studies, clinical studies and other research and development activities;

● clinical study enrollment rate or design;

● the manufacturing of our product candidates;

● our ability to obtain and maintain intellectual property protection for our product candidates;

● significant and changing government regulation;

● establishing commercial manufacturing capabilities or making arrangements with third-party manufacturers, developing and timely delivery of commercial-grade drug formulations that can be used in our clinical trials and for commercial launch;

● the timing and receipt of regulatory approvals, if any; and

● the risks disclosed in the section entitled “Risk Factors” of our Annual Report.

A change in the outcome of any of these variables with respect to the development of any of our product candidates could significantly change the costs, timing, and viability associated with the development of that product candidate.

We expect our research and development expenses to increase over the next several years as we continue to implement our business strategy, which includes advancing our product candidates into and through clinical development, expanding our research and development efforts, seeking regulatory approvals for any product candidates for which we successfully complete clinical studies, accessing and developing additional product candidates, and hiring additional personnel to support our research and development efforts. In addition, product candidates in later stages of clinical development generally incur higher development costs than those in earlier stages of clinical development, primarily due to the increased size and duration of later-stage clinical studies. As such, we expect our research and development expenses to increase as our product candidates advance into later stages of clinical development.

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General and administrative expenses

General and administrative expenses consist primarily of salaries and related costs, including stock-based compensation. General and administrative expenses also include rent as well as professional fees for legal, consulting, accounting, and audit services.

In the future, we expect that our general and administrative expenses will increase as we continue to support our research and development and the potential commercialization of our product candidates, if approved. We also anticipate that we will incur increased accounting, audit, legal, tax, regulatory, compliance, and director and officer insurance costs, as well as investor and public relations expenses associated with maintaining compliance with exchange listing and SEC requirements.

Other income

Other income consists primarily of the interest income earned on our cash and cash equivalents.

Results of operations

Comparison of the three months ended June 30, 2021 and 2020

The following table summarizes our results of operations for the three months ended June 30, 2021 and 2020 (in thousands):

	Three months
	ended June 30,				Increase
	2021		2020		(Decrease)
Revenues:
Collaboration revenue	$	—	$	490	$	(490)
Operating expenses:
Research and development		14,796		8,365		6,431
General and administrative		5,070		4,770		300
Total operating expenses		19,866		13,135		6,731
Loss from operations		(19,866)		(12,645)		7,221
Other income		47		128		(81)
Net loss and comprehensive loss	$	(19,819)	$	(12,517)	$	7,302

Collaboration revenue

Collaboration revenue was $0.0 million and $0.5 million for the three months ended June 30, 2021 and 2020 and was attributable to our research collaboration with Allergan. The jointly funded research activities and option exercise period under the research collaboration and the associated payments by Allergan came to their contractual conclusion in August 2020 and February 2021, respectively.

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Research and development expenses

The following table summarizes our research and development expenses incurred during the three months ended June 30, 2021 and 2020 (in thousands):

	Three months
	ended June 30,				Increase
	2021		2020		(Decrease)
NYX-2925	$	10,248	$	2,294	$	7,954
NYX-783		391		1,978		(1,587)
NYX-458		1,152		1,154		(2)
Preclinical research and discovery programs		450		704		(254)
Personnel and related costs		2,555		2,235		320
Total research and development expenses	$	14,796	$	8,365	$	6,431

Research and development expenses were $14.8 million for the three months ended June 30, 2021, compared to $8.4 million for the three months ended June 30, 2020. The increase of $6.4 million was primarily due to the following:

● approximately $8.0 million increase related to enrollment in our two chronic pain studies of NYX-2925 – in September 2020 and January 2021, we recommenced study activities in our Phase 2b clinical study in patients with fibromyalgia and in our Phase 2b clinical study in patients with painful DPN, offset by; and

● approximately $1.6 million decrease for clinical, regulatory, and drug product costs related to the ongoing development of NYX-783 due to the conclusion of the Phase 2 study in October 2020.

General and administrative expense

General and administrative expenses were $5.1 million for the three months ended June 30, 2021, compared to $4.8 million for the three months ended June 30, 2020.

Other income

We recorded less than $0.1 million and $0.1 million of other income for the three months ended June 30, 2021 and 2020, respectively. This decrease was primarily driven by a decrease in interest income earned on our cash and cash equivalents.

Comparison of the six months ended June 30, 2021 and 2020

The following table summarizes our results of operations for the six months ended June 30, 2021 and 2020 (in thousands):

	Six months
	ended June 30,				Increase
	2021		2020		(Decrease)
Revenues:
Collaboration revenue		1,000		1,308		(308)
Operating expenses:
Research and development		25,110		19,420		5,690
General and administrative		10,046		9,669		377
Total operating expenses		35,156		29,089		6,067
Loss from operations		(34,156)		(27,781)		6,375
Other income		111		554		(443)
Net loss and comprehensive loss	$	(34,045)	$	(27,227)	$	6,818

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Collaboration revenue

Collaboration revenue was $1.0 million and $1.3 million for the six months ended June 30, 2021 and 2020, respectively, and was attributable to the research collaboration with Allergan. The jointly funded research activities and option exercise period under the research collaboration and the associated payments by Allergan came to their contractual conclusion in August 2020 and February 2021, respectively.

Research and development expenses

The following table summarizes our research and development expenses incurred during the six months ended June 30, 2021 and 2020 (in thousands):

	Six months
	ended June 30,				Increase
	2021		2020		(Decrease)
NYX-2925	$	16,027	$	6,901	$	9,126
NYX-783		1,168		3,799		(2,631)
NYX-458		1,688		2,605		(917)
Preclinical research and discovery programs		1,343		1,782		(439)
Personnel and related costs		4,884		4,333		551
Total research and development expenses	$	25,110	$	19,420	$	5,690

Research and development expenses were $25.1 million for the six months ended June 30, 2021, compared to $19.4 million for the six months ended June 30, 2020. The increase of $5.7 million was primarily due to the following:

● approximately $9.1 million increase related to enrollment in our two chronic pain studies of NYX-2925 – resulting from our commencement in September 2020 of study activities in our Phase 2b clinical study in patients with fibromyalgia and in January 2021 of study activities in our Phase 2b clinical study in patients with painful DPN, offset by;

● approximately $2.6 million decrease for clinical, regulatory, and drug product costs related to the ongoing development of NYX-783 due to the conclusion of the Phase 2 PTSD study in October 2020; and

● approximately $0.9 million decrease related to the temporary suspension in March 2020 and recommencement in April 2021 of our Phase 2 exploratory study of NYX-458 for the treatment of Parkinson’s disease cognitive impairment and Lewy body dementia.

General and administrative expenses

General and administrative expenses were $10.0 million for the six months ended June 30, 2021, compared to $9.7 million for the six months ended June 30, 2020.

Other income

We recorded $0.1 million of other income for the six months ended June 30, 2021, compared to $0.6 million for the six months ended June 30, 2020. This decrease was primarily driven by a decrease in interest income earned on our cash and cash equivalents.

Liquidity and capital resources

From our inception through June 30, 2021, we have incurred significant operating losses and have funded our operations to date through proceeds from collaborations, grants, sales of convertible preferred stock, IPO and follow-on public offerings and our ATM Offering. We have generated limited revenue to date from a research collaboration agreement with Allergan, a development services agreement with Allergan, and research and development grants from the U.S. government. The jointly funded research activities and option exercise period under the research collaboration agreement

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with Allergan, as well as associated payments by Allergan to us, came to their contractual conclusion in August 2020 and February 2021, respectively.

On June 25, 2018, we completed our IPO, pursuant to which we issued and sold 7,359,998 shares of our common stock at a price of $16.00 per share, which included 959,999 shares sold pursuant to the exercise of the underwriters’ option to purchase additional shares. We received $106.5 million of proceeds, net of underwriting discounts and commissions and other offering expenses.

On July 1, 2019, we entered into a Sales Agreement, or the Sales Agreement, with Cowen and Company, LLC, or Cowen, pursuant to which we may issue and sell, from time to time, shares of our common stock having an aggregate offering price of up to $50.0 million through Cowen as sales agent. Cowen may sell common stock by any method permitted by law deemed to be an “at the market offering” as defined in Rule 415(a)(4) of the Securities Act, including sales made directly on or through the Nasdaq Global Select Market or any other existing trade market for the common stock, in negotiated transactions at market prices prevailing at the time of sale or at prices related to prevailing market prices, or any other method permitted by law. Cowen will be entitled to receive 3.0% of the gross sales price per share of common stock sold under the Sales Agreement. To date, we have issued and sold an aggregate of 5,120,940 shares of common stock pursuant to the Sales Agreement at a weighted-average price of $3.99 per share with net proceeds of approximately $20.4 million after deducting sales commissions and other offering expenses, including $14.5 million of net proceeds from the sale of 3,629,458 shares at a weighted-average price of $4.03 per share during the six months ended June 30, 2021.

On January 14, 2020, we completed a follow-on public offering of our common stock pursuant to an effective registration statement on Form S-3. We sold an aggregate of 11,691,666 shares of common stock, which included the exercise in full of the underwriters’ option to purchase additional shares, at a public offering price of $3.00 per share. Net proceeds from the offering were approximately $33.3 million after deducting underwriting discounts and commissions as well as other offering expenses.

On October 26, 2020, we completed a follow-on public offering of its common stock pursuant to an effective registration statement on Form S-3. We sold an aggregate of 16,100,000 shares of common stock, which included the exercise in full of the underwriters’ option to purchase additional shares, at a public offering price of $3.00 per share. Net proceeds from the offering were approximately $45.1 million after deducting underwriting discounts and commissions as well as estimated offering expenses.

As of June 30, 2021, we had cash and cash equivalents of $129.2 million. We invest our cash equivalents in liquid money market accounts.

Funding requirements

Our primary uses of capital are, and we expect will continue to be, research and development activities, compensation and related expenses, product manufacturing, laboratory and related supplies, legal, and other regulatory expenses, patent prosecution filing and maintenance costs for our licensed intellectual property, and general overhead costs. We expect to continue incurring significant expenses and operating losses for the foreseeable future. In addition, since the closing of our IPO, we have incurred, and expect to incur, additional costs associated with operating as a public company. We anticipate that our expenses will increase in connection with our ongoing activities, as we:

● seek to address and recover from impacts of the COVID-19 pandemic, including delays to our product development timelines;

● advance the clinical development of our lead product candidates;

● continue to improve the manufacturing process for our product candidates and manufacture clinical supplies as our development progresses;

● continue the research and development of our preclinical product candidates;

● seek to identify and develop additional product candidates;

● maintain, expand, and protect our intellectual property portfolio; and

24

● improve our operational, financial, and management systems to support our clinical development and other operations.

Outlook

Based on our research and development plans and our timing expectations related to the progress of our programs, we expect that our cash and cash equivalents as of June 30, 2021 will be sufficient to fund our operations for at least the next 12 months. We have based this estimate on assumptions that may prove to be wrong, and we could utilize our available capital resources sooner than we currently expect.

We do not expect to generate revenue from product sales unless and until we successfully complete clinical development and obtain regulatory approval for a product candidate, which we expect will take a number of years and the outcome of which is uncertain, or enter into collaborative agreements with third parties, the timing of which is largely beyond our control and may never occur. We will continue to require additional capital to develop our product candidates and fund operations for the foreseeable future, which we may obtain through one or more equity offerings, debt financings, or other third-party funding, including potential strategic alliances and licensing or collaboration arrangements. We may, however, be unable to raise additional funds or enter into such other arrangements when needed on favorable terms or at all, including as a result of the COVID-19 pandemic. Our failure to raise capital or enter into such other arrangements as and when needed would have a negative impact on our financial condition and our ability to develop our current product candidates, or any additional product candidates, if developed. The amount and timing of our future funding requirements will depend on many factors, including the effects of the COVID-19 pandemic, our ability to timely and successfully enroll subjects in our clinical studies and the pace and results of our preclinical and clinical development efforts. We cannot assure you that we will ever be profitable or generate positive cash flow from operating activities.

Cash flows

The following table summarizes our sources and uses of cash for each of the six months ended June 30, 2021 and 2020 (in thousands):

	Six months ended
	June 30,
	2021		2020
Net cash provided by (used in):
Operating activities	$	(25,755)	$	(21,345)
Investing activities		121		(35)
Financing activities		13,832		38,409
Net (decrease) increase in cash, cash equivalents and restricted cash	$	(11,802)	$	17,029

Operating activities

For the six months ended June 30 2021, compared to the same period in 2020, the $4.4 million increase in net cash used in operating activities was primarily due to a $6.8 million increase in our net loss year over year, driven mostly by higher research and development expenses, a decrease in the use of cash of $1.9 million due to changes in working capital largely driven by timing of cash paid to support our clinical research programs, offset by a $0.5 million increase in non-cash expenses related to depreciation and stock-based compensation.

Investing activities

For the six months ended June 30, 2021, compared to the same period in 2020, the $0.1 million increase in net cash provided by investing activities was primarily due to proceeds from disposal of laboratory equipment.

25

Financing activities

For the six months ended June 30, 2021, compared to the same period in 2020, the $24.6 million decrease in net cash provided by financing activities was primarily due to $33.3 million of net proceeds received from our January 2020 follow-on public compared to $14.6 million of net proceeds received from our January 2021 ATM Offering, respectively, net of underwriting discounts and commissions and other offering expenses.

Critical accounting policies and significant judgments and estimates

This discussion and analysis of our financial condition and results of operations is based on our financial statements, which we have prepared in accordance with United States generally accepted accounting principles. The preparation of our financial statements and related disclosures requires us to make estimates, assumptions and judgments that affect the reported amount of assets, liabilities, revenue, costs and expenses, and related disclosures. Our critical accounting policies are described under the heading “Management’s Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations— Critical Accounting Policies and Significant Judgments and Estimates” in our Annual Report. There were no material changes to our critical accounting policies through June 30, 2021 from those discussed in our Annual Report.

Recent accounting pronouncements

See Note 2 to our condensed financial statements included elsewhere in this Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q.

JOBS Act accounting election

Under Section 107(b) of the Jumpstart Our Business Startups Act of 2012, as amended, or the JOBS Act, an “emerging growth company” can delay the adoption of new or revised accounting standards until such time as those standards would apply to private companies. We intend to rely on this exemption. There are other exemptions and reduced reporting requirements provided by the JOBS Act that we are currently evaluating. For example, as an “emerging growth company,” we are exempt from Sections 14A(a) and (b) of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, as amended, or the Exchange Act, which would otherwise require us to (1) submit certain executive compensation matters to shareholder advisory votes, such as “say-on-pay,” “say-on-frequency,” and “golden parachutes;” and (2) disclose certain executive compensation related items such as the correlation between executive compensation and performance and comparisons of our chief executive officer’s compensation to our median employee compensation. We also intend to rely on an exemption from the rule requiring us to provide an auditor’s attestation report on our internal controls over financial reporting pursuant to Section 404(b) of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act of 2002. We will continue to remain an “emerging growth company” until the earliest of the following: (1) December 31, 2023; (2) the last day of the fiscal year in which our total annual gross revenue is equal to or more than $1.07 billion; (3) the date on which we have issued more than $1.0 billion in nonconvertible debt during the previous three years; or (4) the date on which we are deemed to be a large accelerated filer under the rules of the SEC.

Off-balance sheet arrangements

We did not have during the periods presented, and we do not currently have, any off-balance sheet arrangements, as defined in the rules and regulations of the SEC.

Item 3. Quantitative and Qualitative Disclosures About Market Risk.

Information requested by this Item 3. Quantitative and Qualitative Disclosures about Market Risk is not applicable as we are electing scaled disclosure requirements available to smaller reporting companies with respect to this Item.

Item 4. Controls and Procedures.

The Company has established disclosure controls and procedures (as defined in Rules 13a-15(e) and 15d-15(e) under the Exchange Act) designed to ensure that information required to be disclosed in the reports that the Company files or submits under the Exchange Act is recorded, processed, summarized and reported within the time periods specified in

26

the SEC’s rules and forms and is accumulated and communicated to management, including the principal executive officer (our Chief Executive Officer) and principal financial officer (our Chief Financial Officer), to allow timely decisions regarding required disclosure. In addition, the design of disclosure controls and procedures must reflect the fact that there are resource constraints and that management is required to apply judgment in evaluating the benefits of possible controls and procedures relative to their costs.

Evaluation of disclosure controls and procedures

Our management, with the participation of our Chief Executive Officer and Chief Financial Officer, evaluated, as of the end of the period covered by this Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q, the effectiveness of our disclosure controls and procedures (as defined in Rules 13a-15(e) and 15d-15(e) under the Exchange Act). Management recognizes that any controls and procedures, no matter how well designed and operated, can provide only reasonable assurance of achieving the desired control objectives and management necessarily applies its judgment in evaluating the cost-benefit relationship of possible controls and procedures. Our disclosure controls and procedures have been designed to provide reasonable assurance of achieving their objectives. Based on that evaluation, our Chief Executive Officer and Chief Financial Officer concluded that our disclosure controls and procedures (as defined in Rules 13a-15(e) and 15d-15(e) under the Exchange Act) were effective at the reasonable assurance level as of June 30, 2021.

Changes in internal control over financial reporting

There were no changes in our internal control over financial reporting (as defined in Rules 13a-15(f) and 15d-15(f) under the Exchange Act) that occurred during the six months ended June 30, 2021 that have materially affected, or are reasonably likely to materially affect, our internal control over financial reporting.

As of June 30, 2021, we have not experienced any material impact to our internal control over financial reporting due to the COVID-19 pandemic. We are continually monitoring and assessing the COVID-19 pandemic on our internal controls to minimize the impact on their design and operating effectiveness.

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PART II—OTHER INFORMATION

Item 1. Legal Proceedings.

From time to time, we may be involved in lawsuits, claims, investigations and proceedings, consisting of intellectual property, commercial, employment and other matters which arise in the ordinary course of business. While the outcome of any such proceedings cannot be predicted with certainty, as of June 30, 2021, we were not party to any legal proceedings that we would expect to have a material adverse impact on our financial position, results of operations, or cash flow.

Item 1A. Risk Factors.

The discussion of our business and operations in this report should be read together with the risk factors contained in Item 1A of our Annual Report and in our other filings with the SEC, which describe various risks and uncertainties to which we are or may become subject. These risks and uncertainties have the potential to affect our business, financial condition, results of operations, cash flows, strategies, or prospects in a material and adverse manner. There are no material changes from the risk factors as previously disclosed in our Annual Report.

Item 2. Unregistered Sales of Equity Securities and Use of Proceeds.

Unregistered Sales of Equity Securities

None.

Use of Proceeds

Not applicable.

Item 3. Defaults Upon Senior Securities.

Not applicable.

Item 4. Mine Safety Disclosures.

Not applicable.

Item 5. Other Information.

None.

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Item 6. Exhibits.

EXHIBIT INDEX

Exhibit Number	Description
31.1*	Certification of Principal Executive Officer Pursuant to Rules 13a-14(a) and 15d-14(a) under the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, as amended
31.2*	Certification of Principal Financial Officer Pursuant to Rules 13a-14(a) and 15d-14(a) under the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, as amended
32.1*	Certification of Principal Executive Officer and Principal Financial Officer Pursuant to 18 U.S.C. Section 1350, as Adopted Pursuant to Section 906 of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act of 2002
101.INS	XBRL Instance Document - the instance document does not appear in the Interactive Data File because its XBRL tags are embedded within the Inline XBRL document.
101.SCH	XBRL Taxonomy Extension Schema Document
101.CAL	XBRL Taxonomy Extension Calculation Linkbase Document
101.DEF	XBRL Taxonomy Extension Definition Linkbase Document
101.LAB	XBRL Taxonomy Extension Label Linkbase Document
101.PRE	XBRL Taxonomy Extension Presentation Linkbase Document
Exhibit 104	Cover Page Interactive Data File - The cover page interactive data file does not appear in the Interactive Data File because its XBRL tags are embedded within the Inline XBRL document

*     Filed herewith.

+     The certifications furnished in Exhibit 32.1 hereto are deemed to be furnished with this Quarterly Report on Form

10-Q and will not be deemed to be “filed” for purposes of Section 18 of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, as

amended, except to the extent that the Registrant specifically incorporates it by reference.

29

SIGNATURES

Pursuant to the requirements of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, the registrant has duly caused this report to be signed on its behalf by the undersigned thereunto duly authorized.

	APTINYX INC.
Date: August 10, 2021	By:	/s/ Norbert G. Riedel
		Norbert G. Riedel
		Chief Executive Officer (Principal executive officer)
Date: August 10, 2021	By:	/s/ Ashish Khanna
		Ashish Khanna
		Chief Financial Officer and Chief Business Officer (Principal financial and accounting officer)

30

EX-31.1

EXHIBIT 31.1

CERTIFICATION OF PRINCIPAL EXECUTIVE OFFICER PURSUANT TO RULE 13a-14(a) / 15d-14(a) OF THE SECURITIES EXCHANGE ACT OF 1934, AS AMENDED

I, Norbert G. Riedel, certify that:

1. I have reviewed this Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q for the period ended June 30, 2021 of Aptinyx Inc.;

2. Based on my knowledge, this report does not contain any untrue statement of a material fact or omit to state a material fact necessary to make the statements made, in light of the circumstances under which such statements were made, not misleading with respect to the period covered by this report;

3. Based on my knowledge, the financial statements, and other financial information included in this report, fairly present in all material respects the financial condition, results of operations and cash flows of the registrant as of, and for, the periods presented in this report;

4. The registrant’s other certifying officer(s) and I are responsible for establishing and maintaining disclosure controls and procedures (as defined in Exchange Act Rules 13a-15(e) and 15d-15(e)) and internal control over financial reporting (as defined in Exchange Act Rules 13a-15(f) and 15d-15(f)) for the registrant and have:

a. Designed such disclosure controls and procedures, or caused such disclosure controls and procedures to be designed under our supervision, to ensure that material information relating to the registrant, including its consolidated subsidiaries, is made known to us by others within those entities, particularly during the period in which this report is being prepared;

b. Designed such internal control over financial reporting, or caused such internal control over financial reporting to be designed under our supervision, to provide reasonable assurance regarding the reliability of financial reporting and the preparation of financial statements for external purposes in accordance with generally accepted accounting principles;

c. Evaluated the effectiveness of the registrant’s disclosure controls and procedures and presented in this report our conclusions about the effectiveness of the disclosure controls and procedures, as of the end of the period covered by this report based on such evaluation; and

d. Disclosed in this report any change in the registrant’s internal control over financial reporting that occurred during the registrant’s most recent fiscal quarter (the registrant’s fourth fiscal quarter in the case of an annual report) that has materially affected, or is reasonably likely to materially affect, the registrant’s internal control over financial reporting; and

5. The registrant’s other certifying officer(s) and I have disclosed, based on our most recent evaluation of internal control over financial reporting, to the registrant’s auditors and the audit committee of the registrant’s board of directors (or persons performing the equivalent functions):

a. all significant deficiencies and material weaknesses in the design or operation of internal control over financial reporting which are reasonably likely to adversely affect the registrant’s ability to record, process, summarize and report financial information; and

b. any fraud, whether or not material, that involves management or other employees who have a significant role in the registrant’s internal control over financial reporting.

Date:	August 10, 2021	By:	/s/ Norbert G. Riedel
			Norbert G. Riedel
			Chief Executive Officer (Principal Executive Officer)

EX-31.2

EXHIBIT 31.2

CERTIFICATION OF PRINCIPAL FINANCIAL OFFICER PURSUANT TO RULE 13a-14(a) / 15d-14(a) OF THE SECURITIES EXCHANGE ACT OF 1934, AS AMENDED

I, Ashish Khanna, certify that:

1. I have reviewed this Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q for the period ended June 30, 2021 of Aptinyx Inc.;

2. Based on my knowledge, this report does not contain any untrue statement of a material fact or omit to state a material fact necessary to make the statements made, in light of the circumstances under which such statements were made, not misleading with respect to the period covered by this report;

3. Based on my knowledge, the financial statements, and other financial information included in this report, fairly present in all material respects the financial condition, results of operations and cash flows of the registrant as of, and for, the periods presented in this report;

4. The registrant’s other certifying officer(s) and I are responsible for establishing and maintaining disclosure controls and procedures (as defined in Exchange Act Rules 13a-15(e) and 15d-15(e)) and internal control over financial reporting (as defined in Exchange Act Rules 13a-15(f) and 15d-15(f)) for the registrant and have:

a. Designed such disclosure controls and procedures, or caused such disclosure controls and procedures to be designed under our supervision, to ensure that material information relating to the registrant, including its consolidated subsidiaries, is made known to us by others within those entities, particularly during the period in which this report is being prepared;

b. Designed such internal control over financial reporting, or caused such internal control over financial reporting to be designed under our supervision, to provide reasonable assurance regarding the reliability of financial reporting and the preparation of financial statements for external purposes in accordance with generally accepted accounting principles;

c. Evaluated the effectiveness of the registrant’s disclosure controls and procedures and presented in this report our conclusions about the effectiveness of the disclosure controls and procedures, as of the end of the period covered by this report based on such evaluation; and

d. Disclosed in this report any change in the registrant’s internal control over financial reporting that occurred during the registrant’s most recent fiscal quarter (the registrant’s fourth fiscal quarter in the case of an annual report) that has materially affected, or is reasonably likely to materially affect, the registrant’s internal control over financial reporting; and

5. The registrant’s other certifying officer(s) and I have disclosed, based on our most recent evaluation of internal control over financial reporting, to the registrant’s auditors and the audit committee of the registrant’s board of directors (or persons performing the equivalent functions):

a. all significant deficiencies and material weaknesses in the design or operation of internal control over financial reporting which are reasonably likely to adversely affect the registrant’s ability to record, process, summarize and report financial information; and

b. any fraud, whether or not material, that involves management or other employees who have a significant role in the registrant’s internal control over financial reporting.

Date:	August 10, 2021	By:	/s/ Ashish Khanna
			Ashish Khanna
			Chief Financial Officer and Chief Business Officer (Principal Financial and Accounting Officer)

EX-32.1

EXHIBIT 32.1*

CERTIFICATIONS OF PRINCIPAL EXECUTIVE OFFICER AND PRINCIPAL FINANCIAL OFFICER PURSUANT TO 18 U.S.C. SECTION 1350, AS ADOPTED PURSUANT TO SECTION 906 OF THE SARBANES-OXLEY ACT OF 2002

In connection with the Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q of Aptinyx Inc. (the “Company”) for the quarter ended June 30, 2021 as filed with the Securities and Exchange Commission on the date hereof (the “Report”), the undersigned hereby certify, pursuant to 18 U.S.C. Section 1350, that, to the best of their knowledge:

(1) the Report fully complies with the requirements of Section 13(a) or 15(d) of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, as amended; and

(2) the information contained in the Report fairly presents, in all material respects, the financial condition and results of operations of the Company.

	/s/ Norbert G. Riedel
	Norbert G. Riedel
	Chief Executive Officer
	(Principal Executive Officer)
Dated: August 10, 2021
	/s/ Ashish Khanna
	Ashish Khanna
	Chief Financial Officer and Chief Business Officer
	(Principal Financial and Accounting Officer)
Dated: August 10, 2021

* This certification shall not be deemed “filed” for purposes of Section 18 of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, or otherwise subject to the liability of that section, nor shall it be deemed to be incorporated by reference into any filing under the Securities Act of 1933 or the Securities Exchange Act of 1934.

XML

Document and Entity Information - shares	6 Months Ended
	Jun. 30, 2021	Aug. 05, 2021
Document and Entity Information
Document Type	10-Q
Document Quarterly Report	true
Document Period End Date	Jun. 30, 2021
Document Transition Report	false
Entity File Number	001-38535
Entity Registrant Name	Aptinyx Inc.
Entity Incorporation, State or Country Code	DE
Entity Tax Identification Number	47-4626057
Entity Address, Address Line One	909 Davis Street
Entity Address, Address Line Two	Suite 600
Entity Address, City or Town	Evanston
Entity Address, State or Province	IL
Entity Address, Postal Zip Code	60201
City Area Code	847
Local Phone Number	871-0377
Title of 12(b) Security	Common Stock, par value $0.01 per share
Trading Symbol	APTX
Security Exchange Name	NASDAQ
Entity Current Reporting Status	Yes
Entity Interactive Data Current	Yes
Entity Filer Category	Non-accelerated Filer
Entity Small Business	true
Entity Emerging Growth Company	true
Entity Ex Transition Period	false
Entity Shell Company	false
Entity Common Stock, Shares Outstanding		67,715,718
Entity Central Index Key	0001674365
Amendment Flag	false
Current Fiscal Year End Date	--12-31
Document Fiscal Year Focus	2021
Document Fiscal Period Focus	Q2

XML

Condensed Balance Sheets - USD ($) $ in Thousands	Jun. 30, 2021	Dec. 31, 2020
Current assets:
Cash and cash equivalents	$ 129,226	$ 141,028
Restricted cash	179	179
Accounts receivable		257
Prepaid expenses and other current assets	4,372	8,140
Total current assets	133,777	149,604
Other assets	92	92
Property and equipment, net	299	910
Total assets	134,168	150,606
Current liabilities:
Accounts payable	434	1,209
Accrued expenses and other current liabilities	2,948	3,374
Total current liabilities	3,382	4,583
Other long-term liabilities	30	114
Total liabilities	3,412	4,697
Commitments and contingencies (see Note 10)
Stockholders' equity:
Preferred stock, $0.01 par value, 10,000 shares authorized and no shares issued and outstanding as of June 30, 2021 and December 31, 2020
Common stock, $0.01 par value, 150,000 shares authorized as of June 30, 2021 and December 31, 2020, 67,716 and 63,257 issued and outstanding as of June 30, 2021 and December 31, 2020	677	633
Additional paid-in capital	377,125	358,277
Accumulated deficit	(247,046)	(213,001)
Total stockholders' equity	130,756	145,909
Total liabilities and stockholders' equity	$ 134,168	$ 150,606

XML

Condensed Balance Sheets (Parenthetical) - $ / shares shares in Thousands	Jun. 30, 2021	Dec. 31, 2020
Condensed Balance Sheets
Preferred stock, par value (in dollars per share)	$ 0.01	$ 0.01
Preferred stock, shares authorized	10,000	10,000
Preferred stock, shares issued	0	0
Preferred stock, shares outstanding	0	0
Common stock, par value (in dollars per share)	$ 0.01	$ 0.01
Common stock, shares authorized	150,000	150,000
Common stock, shares issued	67,716	63,257
Common stock, shares outstanding	67,716	63,257

XML

Condensed Statements of Operations - USD ($) shares in Thousands, $ in Thousands	3 Months Ended		6 Months Ended
	Jun. 30, 2021	Jun. 30, 2020	Jun. 30, 2021	Jun. 30, 2020
Revenues:
Collaboration revenue		$ 490	$ 1,000	$ 1,308
Type of Revenue [Extensible List]			aptx:CollaborationRevenueMember	aptx:CollaborationRevenueMember
Operating expenses:
Research and development	$ 14,796	8,365	$ 25,110	$ 19,420
General and administrative	5,070	4,770	10,046	9,669
Total operating expenses	19,866	13,135	35,156	29,089
Loss from operations	(19,866)	(12,645)	(34,156)	(27,781)
Other income	47	128	111	554
Net loss and comprehensive loss	$ (19,819)	$ (12,517)	$ (34,045)	$ (27,227)
Net loss per share attributable to common stockholders, basic and diluted (in dollars per share)	$ (0.29)	$ (0.27)	$ (0.51)	$ (0.61)
Weighted-average number of common shares outstanding, basic and diluted (in shares)	67,381	45,680	66,716	44,757

XML

Condensed Statements of Cash Flows - USD ($) $ in Thousands	6 Months Ended
	Jun. 30, 2021	Jun. 30, 2020
Cash flows from operating activities:
Net loss	$ (34,045)	$ (27,227)
Adjustments to reconcile net loss to net cash used in operating activities:
Depreciation and amortization expense	450	211
Stock-based compensation expense	5,133	4,834
Changes in operating assets and liabilities:
Prepaid expenses and other assets	3,692	1,889
Accounts receivable	257	(46)
Accounts payable	(775)	(60)
Accrued expenses and other liabilities	(467)	(946)
Net cash used in operating activities	(25,755)	(21,345)
Cash flows from investing activities:
Purchases of property and equipment		(35)
Proceeds from sale of property and equipment	121
Net cash provided by (used in) investing activities	121	(35)
Cash flows from financing activities:
Proceeds from stock options exercised	133	473
Repurchase of shares for tax withholdings	(912)
Proceeds from public offering, net of underwriters' discounts		33,672
Proceeds from at the market offering, net of sales commission	14,615	4,668
Payment of offering costs	(4)	(404)
Net cash provided by financing activities	13,832	38,409
Net (decrease) increase in cash, cash equivalents and restricted cash	(11,802)	17,029
Cash, cash equivalents and restricted cash, at beginning of period	141,299	99,194
Cash, cash equivalents and restricted cash, at end of period	$ 129,497	116,223
Supplemental disclosure of non-cash investing and financing activities:
Offering costs not yet paid		12
Property and equipment in accounts payable		$ 38

XML

Condensed Statements of Stockholders' Equity - USD ($) $ in Thousands	Follow-on Public Offering Common stock	Follow-on Public Offering Additional paid-in capital	Follow-on Public Offering	ATM Offering Common stock	ATM Offering Additional paid-in capital	ATM Offering	Common stock	Additional paid-in capital	Accumulated deficit	Total
Stockholders' (deficit) equity beginning balance at Dec. 31, 2019							$ 337	$ 263,922	$ (162,948)	$ 101,311
Stockholders' (deficit) equity shares beginning balance at Dec. 31, 2019							33,739,000
Stockholders' (Deficit) Equity Rollforward
Issuance of common stock upon vesting of restricted stock (in shares)							23,000
Issuance of common stock	$ 117	$ 33,225	$ 33,342	$ 12	$ 4,563	$ 4,575
Issuance of common stock (in shares)	11,692,000			1,193,000
Stock-based compensation								4,834		4,834
Issuance of common stock upon exercise of stock options							$ 2	471		473
Issuance of common stock upon exercise of stock options (in shares)							203,000
Net loss									(27,227)	(27,227)
Stockholders' (deficit) equity ending balance at Jun. 30, 2020							$ 468	307,015	(190,175)	117,308
Stockholders' (deficit) equity shares ending balance at Jun. 30, 2020							46,850,000
Stockholders' (deficit) equity beginning balance at Mar. 31, 2020							$ 455	299,721	(177,658)	122,518
Stockholders' (deficit) equity shares beginning balance at Mar. 31, 2020							45,546,000
Stockholders' (Deficit) Equity Rollforward
Issuance of common stock upon vesting of restricted stock (in shares)							12,000
Issuance of common stock				$ 12	4,563	4,575
Issuance of common stock (in shares)				1,193,000
Stock-based compensation								2,503		2,503
Issuance of common stock upon exercise of stock options							$ 1	228		229
Issuance of common stock upon exercise of stock options (in shares)							99,000
Net loss									(12,517)	(12,517)
Stockholders' (deficit) equity ending balance at Jun. 30, 2020							$ 468	307,015	(190,175)	117,308
Stockholders' (deficit) equity shares ending balance at Jun. 30, 2020							46,850,000
Stockholders' (deficit) equity beginning balance at Dec. 31, 2020							$ 633	358,277	(213,001)	$ 145,909
Stockholders' (deficit) equity shares beginning balance at Dec. 31, 2020							63,257,000			63,257,000
Stockholders' (Deficit) Equity Rollforward
Issuance of common stock upon vesting of restricted stock							$ 11	(11)
Issuance of common stock upon vesting of restricted stock (in shares)							1,089,000
Repurchase of shares for tax withholdings							$ (3)	(909)		$ (912)
Repurchase of shares for tax withholdings (in shares)							(347,000)
Issuance of common stock				$ 36	$ 14,502	$ 14,538
Issuance of common stock (in shares)				3,630,000		3,629,458
Stock-based compensation								5,133		5,133
Issuance of common stock upon exercise of stock options								133		133
Issuance of common stock upon exercise of stock options (in shares)							87,000
Net loss									(34,045)	(34,045)
Stockholders' (deficit) equity ending balance at Jun. 30, 2021							$ 677	377,125	(247,046)	$ 130,756
Stockholders' (deficit) equity shares ending balance at Jun. 30, 2021							67,716,000			67,716,000
Stockholders' (deficit) equity beginning balance at Mar. 31, 2021							$ 669	375,499	(227,227)	$ 148,941
Stockholders' (deficit) equity shares beginning balance at Mar. 31, 2021							66,930,000
Stockholders' (Deficit) Equity Rollforward
Issuance of common stock upon vesting of restricted stock							$ 11	(11)
Issuance of common stock upon vesting of restricted stock (in shares)							1,084,000
Repurchase of shares for tax withholdings							$ (3)	(902)		(905)
Repurchase of shares for tax withholdings (in shares)							(345,000)
Stock-based compensation								2,478		2,478
Issuance of common stock upon exercise of stock options								61		61
Issuance of common stock upon exercise of stock options (in shares)							47,000
Net loss									(19,819)	(19,819)
Stockholders' (deficit) equity ending balance at Jun. 30, 2021							$ 677	$ 377,125	$ (247,046)	$ 130,756
Stockholders' (deficit) equity shares ending balance at Jun. 30, 2021							67,716,000			67,716,000

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Condensed Statements of Stockholders' Equity (Parenthetical) - USD ($) $ in Thousands	3 Months Ended	6 Months Ended
	Jun. 30, 2020	Jun. 30, 2021	Jun. 30, 2020
Sales commissions and other offering costs		$ 4	$ 404
Follow-on Public Offering
Discount and other offering costs			1,733
ATM Offering
Sales commissions and other offering costs	$ 237	$ 529	$ 237

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Organization

6 Months Ended

Jun. 30, 2021

Organization

Organization

1.           Organization

Description of business

Aptinyx Inc. (the “Company” or “Aptinyx”) was incorporated in Delaware on June 24, 2015 and maintains its headquarters in Evanston, Illinois.

Aptinyx is a clinical-stage biopharmaceutical company focused on the discovery, development, and commercialization of novel, proprietary, synthetic small molecules for the treatment of brain and nervous system disorders. Aptinyx has a platform for discovering proprietary compounds that work through a novel mechanism: modulation of N-methyl-D-aspartate receptors (“NMDAr”), which are vital to normal and effective brain and nervous system functions. This mechanism has applicability across numerous nervous system disorders.

Liquidity and capital resources

On July 1, 2019, the Company entered into a Sales Agreement with Cowen and Company, LLC (“Cowen”) pursuant to which the Company may offer and sell shares of its common stock with an aggregate offering price of up to $50.0 million under an “at the market” offering program (the “ATM Offering”). The Sales Agreement provides that Cowen will be entitled to a sales commission equal to 3.0% of the gross sales price per share of all shares sold under the ATM Offering. To date, the Company has sold an aggregate of 5,120,940 shares at a weighted-average price of $3.99 per share for net proceeds of $20.4 million after deducting sales commission and other offering expenses, including 3,629,458 shares for net proceeds of $14.5 million during the six months ended June 30, 2021.

On January 14, 2020, the Company completed a follow-on public offering of its common stock pursuant to an effective registration statement on Form S-3. The Company sold an aggregate of 11,691,666 shares of common stock, which included the exercise in full of the underwriters’ option to purchase additional shares, at a public offering price of $3.00 per share. Net proceeds from the offering were approximately $33.3 million after deducting underwriting discounts and commissions as well as other offering expenses.

On October 26, 2020, the Company completed a follow-on public offering of its common stock pursuant to an effective registration statement on Form S-3. The Company sold an aggregate of 16,100,000 shares of common stock, which included the exercise in full of the underwriters’ option to purchase additional shares, at a public offering price of $3.00 per share. Net proceeds from the offering were approximately $45.1 million after deducting underwriting discounts and commissions as well as estimated offering expenses.

As of June 30, 2021, the Company had cash and cash equivalents of $129.2 million, which the Company believes will be sufficient to funds its planned operations for a period of at least twelve months from the date of issuance of these condensed financial statements.

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Summary of significant accounting policies

6 Months Ended

Jun. 30, 2021

Summary of significant accounting policies

Summary of significant accounting policies

2.Summary of significant accounting policies

Basis of presentation

The condensed financial statements of the Company included herein have been prepared pursuant to the rules and regulations of the Securities and Exchange Commission (the “SEC”). Certain information and footnote disclosures normally included in financial statements prepared in accordance with accounting principles generally accepted in the United States of America (“GAAP”) have been condensed or omitted from this report, as is permitted by such rules and regulations. The accompanying condensed financial statements reflect all adjustments consisting of normal, recurring adjustments that are necessary for a fair presentation of the financial position, results of operations and cash flows for the interim periods presented. Interim results are not necessarily indicative of results for a full year. Accordingly, these

condensed financial statements should be read in conjunction with the financial statements included in the Company’s Annual Report on Form 10-K for the year ended December 31, 2020 (the “Annual Report”) filed with the SEC on March 24, 2021.

From time to time, new accounting pronouncements are issued by the Financial Accounting Standards Board (“FASB”), or other standard setting bodies and adopted by the Company as of the specified effective date. Unless otherwise discussed, the impact of recently issued standards that are not yet effective will not have a material impact on the Company’s financial statements upon adoption. Under the Jumpstart Our Business Startups Act of 2012, as amended (the “JOBS Act”), the Company meets the definition of an emerging growth company, and has elected the extended transition period for complying with new or revised accounting standards, which delays the adoption of these accounting standards until they would apply to private companies.

Use of estimates

The condensed financial statements are prepared in conformity with GAAP. This process requires management to make estimates and assumptions that affect the reported amounts of assets and liabilities and the disclosure of contingent assets and liabilities as of the date of the financial statements and the reported amounts of expenses during the reporting period. Actual results could differ from those estimates.

Risk and uncertainties

The Company’s future results of operations involve a number of risks and uncertainties. Factors that could affect the Company’s future operating results and cause actual results to vary materially from expectations include, but are not limited to, uncertainty of: the impact of COVID-19 on future clinical study results, the scope, timing, rate of progress, and expense of the Company’s ongoing as well as any additional preclinical studies, clinical studies, and other research and development activities, clinical study enrollment rate or design, the manufacturing of the Company’s product candidates, significant and changing government regulation, and the timing and receipt of any regulatory approvals.

A novel strain of coronavirus (COVID-19) was first identified in December 2019, and subsequently declared a global pandemic by the World Health Organization on March 11, 2020. As a result of the outbreak, many companies have experienced disruptions in their operations and in markets served. On March 27, 2020, the Company suspended patient enrollment for certain ongoing Phase 2 clinical studies, including its NYX-2925 studies in painful diabetic peripheral neuropathy and fibromyalgia and its NYX-483 study in Parkinson’s disease cognitive impairment and dementia with Lewy bodies. The Company re-initiated enrollment in its NYX-2925 study in fibromyalgia in September 2020, in its NYX-2925 study in painful diabetic peripheral neuropathy in January 2021, and in its NYX-483 study in Parkinson’s disease cognitive impairment and dementia with Lewy bodies in March 2021. The Company has initiated some and may take additional temporary precautionary measures intended to help ensure the well-being of its employees and minimize business disruption. The Company considered the impact of COVID-19 on the assumptions and estimates used and determined that there were no material adverse impacts on the Company’s results of operations and financial position as of and for the six months ended June 30, 2021. The full extent of the future impacts of COVID-19 on the Company’s operations is uncertain. A prolonged outbreak could have a material adverse impact on financial results and business operations of the Company, including the availability of capital, timing and ability of the Company to complete certain clinical studies, and other efforts required to advance the development of its targets.

Significant accounting policies

The Company’s significant accounting policies are described in Note 3, “Summary of significant accounting policies,” in the Annual Report. There have been no material changes to the significant accounting policies during the six months ended June 30, 2021.

Recently issued accounting pronouncement

In February 2016, the FASB issued ASU No. 2016-02, Leases (“ASU 2016-02”), as amended, which requires a lessee to recognize assets and liabilities on the balance sheet for operating leases and changes many key definitions, including the

definition of a lease. The new standard includes a short-term lease exception for leases with a term of 12 months or less, as part of which a lessee can make an accounting policy election not to recognize lease assets and lease liabilities. Lessees will continue to differentiate between finance leases (previously referred to as capital leases) and operating leases using classification criteria that are substantially similar to the previous guidance. The new standard will be effective for the Company for annual reporting periods beginning after December 15, 2021 and interim periods within fiscal years beginning after December 15, 2022, and early adoption is permitted. The Company anticipates that the adoption of this standard will have an impact on its balance sheet due to the recognition of right-of-use assets and lease liabilities; however, the Company is currently evaluating the impact that the adoption of ASU 2016-02 may have on its condensed financial statements.

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Supplemental financial information

6 Months Ended

Jun. 30, 2021

Supplemental financial information

Supplemental financial information

3.           Supplemental financial information

Cash, cash equivalents and restricted cash

Cash and cash equivalents consist of cash and, if applicable, highly liquid investments with an original maturity of three months or less when purchased. The following table provides a reconciliation of cash, cash equivalents, and restricted cash reported within the balance sheets that sum to the total of the same such amounts shown in the condensed statements of cash flows (in thousands).

	As of		As of
	June 30,		December 31,
	2021		2020
Cash and cash equivalents	$	129,226	$	141,028
Short-term and long-term restricted cash		271		271
Total cash, cash equivalents, and restricted cash shown in the statements of cash flows	$	129,497	$	141,299

Prepaid expenses and other current assets

Prepaid expenses and other current assets consist of the following (in thousands):

	As of		As of
	June 30,		December 31,
	2021		2020
Prepaid clinical	$	1,669	$	6,052
Prepaid insurance		88		1,177
Prepaid manufacturing costs		2,308		613
Other prepaid expenses and current assets		307		298
Total prepaid expenses and other current assets	$	4,372	$	8,140

Accrued expenses and other current liabilities

Accrued expenses and other current liabilities consist of the following (in thousands):

	As of		As of
	June 30,		December 31,
	2021		2020
Employee-related expenses	$	1,135	$	2,039
Development costs and sponsored research		728		897
Clinical trials		656		195
Other		429		243
Total accrued expenses and other current liabilities	$	2,948	$	3,374

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Research collaboration agreement with Allergan

6 Months Ended

Jun. 30, 2021

Research collaboration agreement with Allergan

Research collaboration agreement with Allergan

4.           Research collaboration agreement with Allergan

On July 24, 2015, the Company entered into a Research Collaboration Agreement (“RCA”) with Naurex Inc., a subsidiary of Allergan plc (“Allergan”), which became a wholly owned subsidiary of AbbVie Inc. in May 2020. The RCA was focused on the research and discovery of small molecules that modulate NMDArs. The collaboration was supervised by a Joint Steering Committee (“JSC”) comprising an equal number of representatives from both the Company and Allergan. Under the terms of the agreement, the RCA terminated upon the earlier of (i) 180 days after a predetermined anniversary of the effective date of the RCA and (ii) the date on which Allergan exercised the last of three options to acquire molecules from a pool of eligible compounds, in both cases (clauses (i) and (ii)) subject to potential extension if and as required for the Company to transfer to Allergan information and technology related to compounds that were licensed by Allergan. The jointly funded research activities and option exercise period under the RCA, including the associated payments by Allergan to the Company, came to their contractual conclusions in accordance with the agreement in August 2020 and February 2021, respectively. Under the terms of the agreement, Allergan was to pay the Company $1.0 million for each option exercised by Allergan. On February 23, 2021, Allergan exercised its option to acquire exclusive rights to develop and commercialize AGN-281705 within a predefined set of indications. For the six months ended June 30, 2021, the Company recognized the $1.0 million non-refundable milestone payment within collaboration revenue in the statements of operations as there were no remaining performance obligations associated with the optioned compound.

The Company concluded that Allergan meets the definition of a customer, and therefore concluded that the RCA represents a contract with a customer that falls within the scope of ASC 606.

Performance obligations

The Company identified the following promised goods or services within the RCA:

● Research Licenses – the Company provides access to exclusive licenses under all of the Company’s NMDAr technologies, during the research term for the sole purpose of conducting research and development activities (the “Research Licenses”). Historically, the Company’s licenses have held no value to the customer on a standalone basis, as the research compounds were in the early discovery phase and required the Company’s expertise for further development. Accordingly, the Research Licenses are not considered distinct.

● Research and Development Services – the Company provided research and development services that were performed on behalf of, or with, Allergan (the “Research and Development Services”). As discussed within Research Licenses above, the Company’s licenses have historically held no value without the specialized Research and Development Services. As the Company generally only provides Research and Development Services for internally generated small molecules that modulate NMDArs which require a license to be utilized by a third party, the Research and Development Services are not considered distinct.

● Joint Steering Committee – the Company actively participated in a joint steering committee, which allowed the Company and its collaboration partner to direct the progression and prioritization of the joint discovery programs. As the JSC would not occur or benefit the customer without the use of the Research Licenses and the related Research and Development Services, and given the Company’s proprietary knowledge of the Research Licenses and the NMDAr technologies, this is not considered distinct.

The Company also evaluated whether the option granted to the customer to acquire additional goods or services represented a material right at contract inception. Upon Allergan’s exercise of one of its options, the Company was obligated to transfer control of all intellectual property relating to the optioned compound to Allergan, after which the Company has no further interest in, or continuing involvement with, such optioned compound. The Company evaluated the customer options for material rights, that is, whether the option was to acquire additional goods or services for free or at a discount, and concluded that the options are priced, at contract inception, at standalone selling price. Consequently, the customer options do not represent a performance obligation at the outset of the arrangement since they are contingent upon the option exercise which is outside of the Company’s control.

The Company has concluded that there is a single combined performance obligation (comprising the Research Licenses, Research and Development Services, and participation in the JSC) which is satisfied over time, as the Research and

Development Services are performed. The exercise of the option to acquire exclusive rights to develop and commercialize AGN-241751 or AGN-281705 are not considered a performance obligation until the time of option exercise.

Transaction price

The RCA included both fixed and variable consideration. Fixed payments, such as contractually defined fees per full-time employee (“FTE”), were included in the transaction price at contract inception, while variable consideration, such as reimbursement for Research and Development Services, were estimated and then evaluated for constraints upon inception of the contract and evaluated on a quarterly basis thereafter. Research and Development Services were updated for actual invoices. There were no capitalized costs associated with obtaining the contract.

The Company used an input method to measure proportional performance and to calculate the corresponding amount of revenue to recognize. The Company used fixed FTE efforts and variable out-of-pocket costs as actual costs incurred relative to the annual budget research plan to measure progress towards fulfillment of the performance obligation. An input method of revenue recognition requires management to make estimates of costs to complete the Company’s performance obligations. In making such estimates, significant judgment is required to evaluate assumptions related to cost estimates. The cumulative effect of revisions to estimated costs to complete the Company’s performance obligations will be recorded in the period in which changes are identified and amounts can be reasonably estimated. The Company does not anticipate significant changes as the research plan is reviewed and adjusted annually and approved by the JSC. There are no significant financing components in the contract.

The Company has determined that the option fee is representative of standalone selling price and concluded that it would recognize revenue for the option fee at a point in time, on the date of exercise, due to the significant uncertainty of whether or not Allergan would exercise the option. The Company recognizes the option fee at a point in time because control of the underlying intellectual property transfers to the customer, and the customer is able to use and benefit from the license. The Company has no further rights, interests, or remaining performance obligations associated with any optioned compound, once exercised.

During the three months ended June 30, 2021 and 2020, the Company recorded expenses of $0.0 million and $1.0 million, respectively, for certain development activities in accordance with the terms of the RCA, of which 50% was reimbursed by Allergan. The Company received reimbursements of $0.0 million and $0.5 million during the three months ended June 30, 2021 and 2020, respectively. During the six months ended June 30, 2021 and 2020, the Company recorded expenses of $0.0 million and $2.6 million, respectively, for certain development activities in accordance with the terms of the RCA, of which 50% was reimbursed by Allergan. The Company received reimbursements of $0.0 million and $1.3 million during the six months ended June 30, 2021 and 2020, respectively. Such reimbursements were reported within collaboration revenue in the condensed statements of operations. All of the Company’s accounts receivable as of December 31, 2020 relate to amounts owed by Allergan under the RCA.

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Fair value measurements

6 Months Ended

Jun. 30, 2021

Fair value measurements

Fair value measurements

5.           Fair value measurements

ASC 820, Fair Value Measurement (“ASC 820”), establishes a fair value hierarchy for instruments measured at fair value that distinguishes between assumptions based on market data (observable inputs) and the Company’s own assumptions (unobservable inputs). ASC 820 identifies fair value as the exchange price, or exit price, representing the amount that would be received to sell an asset or paid to transfer a liability in an orderly transaction between market participants. As a basis for considering market participant assumptions in fair value measurements, ASC 820 establishes a three-tier fair value hierarchy that distinguishes between the following:

● Level 1 inputs are quoted prices (unadjusted) in active markets for identical assets or liabilities;

● Level 2 inputs are inputs other than quoted prices included within Level 1 that are observable for the asset or liability, either directly or indirectly; and

● Level 3 inputs are unobservable inputs that reflect the Company’s own assumptions about the assumptions market participants would use in pricing the asset or liability. Financial assets and liabilities are classified in their entirety based on the lowest level of input that is significant to the fair value measurement.

To the extent that the valuation is based on models or inputs that are less observable or unobservable in the market, the determination of fair value requires more judgment. Accordingly, the degree of judgment exercised by the Company in determining fair value is greatest for instruments categorized in Level 3. A financial instrument’s level within the fair value hierarchy is based on the lowest level of any input that is significant to the fair value measurement.

The carrying values reported in the Company’s balance sheets for cash and cash equivalents, restricted cash, accounts receivable, accounts payable, and accrued expenses are reasonable estimates of their fair values due to the short-term nature of these items.

Assets measured at fair value as of June 30, 2021 are as follows (in thousands):

	June 30,
	2021		Level 1		Level 2		Level 3
Assets
Money market funds, included in cash and cash equivalents	$	128,693	$	128,693	$	—	$	—
Money market funds, included in restricted cash		179		179		—		—
Money market funds, included in other assets		92		92		—		—
	$	128,964	$	128,964	$	—	$	—

Assets measured at fair value as of December 31, 2020 are as follows (in thousands):

	December 31,
	2020		Level 1		Level 2		Level 3
Assets
Money market funds, included in cash and cash equivalents	$	140,283	$	140,283	$	—	$	—
Money market funds, included in restricted cash		179		179		—		—
Money market funds, included in other assets		92		92		—		—
	$	140,554	$	140,554	$	—	$	—

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Property and equipment, net

6 Months Ended

Jun. 30, 2021

Property and equipment, net

Property and equipment, net

6.           Property and equipment, net

Property and equipment are as follows (in thousands):

	As of		As of
	June 30,		December 31,
	2021		2020
Computer software and equipment	$	—	$	15
Office equipment and furniture		152		176
Laboratory equipment		401		1,801
Leasehold improvements		979		1,062
Less accumulated depreciation		(1,233)		(2,144)
Property and equipment, net	$	299	$	910

Depreciation expense was $0.1 million for each of the three months ended June 30, 2021 and 2020, respectively, and $0.5 million and $0.3 million for the six months ended June 30, 2021 and 2020, respectively. The Company disposed of certain laboratory equipment during the six months ended June 30, 2021 that were fully depreciated at the time of disposal.

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Stock incentive plans

6 Months Ended

Jun. 30, 2021

Stock incentive plans

Stock incentive plans

7.           Stock incentive plans

On June 5, 2018, the Company’s stockholders approved the 2018 Stock Option and Incentive Plan (the “2018 Plan”), which became effective on June 20, 2018. The 2018 Plan provides for an annual increase, to be added on the first day of each fiscal year, of up to 4% of the Company’s outstanding shares of common stock as of the last day of the prior year. On January 1, 2021, 2,530,267 shares of common stock were added to the 2018 Plan. The number of shares available for grant under the Company’s 2018 Plan as of June 30, 2021 was 1,885,199.

Stock-based compensation expense

Non-cash stock-based compensation expense recognized in the accompanying condensed statements of operations relating to stock options, restricted stock awards, and restricted stock units for the three and six months ended June 30, 2021 and 2020 was as follows (in thousands):

	Three months ended				Six months ended
	June 30,				June 30,
	2021		2020		2021		2020
Research and development	$	676	$	559	$	1,413	$	1,365
General and administrative		1,802		1,944		3,720		2,960
Total stock‑based compensation expense	$	2,478	$	2,503	$	5,133	$	4,325

Stock options

The table below summarizes activity related to stock options (in thousands, except per share amounts):

				Weighted‑
		Weighted‑		average
		average		remaining	Aggregate
		exercise		contractual	intrinsic
Options	Shares	price		term	value
Outstanding, December 31, 2020	6,684	$	6.88	7.96	$	1,582
Granted	3,080		3.50
Exercised	(87)		1.53
Forfeited and canceled	(189)		6.67
Outstanding, June 30, 2021	9,488	$	5.83	8.26	$	405
Vested and expected to vest at June 30, 2021	9,488	$	5.83	8.26	$	405
Exercisable at June 30, 2021	4,139	$	7.12	7.15	$	246

During the six months ended June 30, 2021 and 2020, the Company granted 3.1 million and 2.4 million stock options, respectively and these options had a weighted-average grant-date fair value of $2.73 and $2.06 per share, respectively. The weighted-average grant-date fair value of options was determined using the Black-Scholes option-pricing model. The assumptions used in the Black-Scholes option-pricing model for options granted during the six months ended June 30, 2021 were similar to those as described in the Annual Report, except for the manner in which the expected volatility was determined. The expected volatility for the Company’s options granted during the six months ended June 30, 2021 is based on a weighted-average of the historical volatility of share values of publicly traded companies within the biotechnology industry which includes the historical volatility of the Company’s stock since the Company’s initial public offering. As of June 30, 2021, there was $17.4 million of total unrecognized stock-based compensation expense related to non-vested stock options which is expected to be recognized over a weighted-average period of 2.5 years. The options have a ten-year life and generally vest over a period of four years, subject to continuous employment.

Restricted stock units

In June 2020 and May 2019, the Company issued an aggregate of 205,200 and 1,183,400 restricted stock units, respectively, to employees. The restricted stock units issued in 2020 vest ten months from the date of grant. The restricted stock units issued in 2019 vest two years from the date of grant. The Company at any time may accelerate the vesting of the restricted stock units. Such shares are not accounted for as outstanding until they vest.

The table below summarizes activity related to restricted stock units (in thousands, except per share amounts):

		Weighted‑
		average
		grant date
		fair value
	Shares	per share
Unvested as of December 31, 2020	1,091	$	3.63
Issued		$
Vested	(1,089)		3.63
Forfeited and canceled	(2)		3.63
Unvested as of June 30, 2021	—	$	—

Non-cash restricted stock unit award expense recognized in the accompanying condensed statements of operations was $0.2 million and $0.5 million for the three months ended June 30, 2021 and 2020, respectively, and $0.8 million and $0.9 million for the six months ended June 30, 2021 and 2020, respectively. There were no unvested restricted stock units as of June 30, 2021.

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Net loss per share

6 Months Ended

Jun. 30, 2021

Net loss per share

Net loss per share

8.         Net loss per share

Basic and diluted net loss per share attributable to common stockholders was calculated as follows for the three and six months ended June 30, 2021 and 2020 (in thousands, except per share data):

	Three months ended				Six months ended
	June 30,				June 30,
	2021		2020		2021		2020
Numerator:
Net loss attributable to common stockholders	$	(19,819)	$	(12,517)	$	(34,045)	$	(27,227)
Denominator:
Weighted-average common shares outstanding—basic and diluted		67,381		45,680		66,716		44,757
Net loss per share attributable to common stockholders—basic and diluted	$	(0.29)	$	(0.27)	$	(0.51)	$	(0.61)

The following common stock equivalents outstanding as of June 30, 2021 and 2020, were excluded from the computation of diluted net loss per share attributable to common stockholders for the periods presented because including them would have been anti-dilutive (in thousands):

	As of
	June 30,
	2021	2020
Stock options issued and outstanding	9,488	6,680
Unvested restricted stock	—	1,131
Total	9,488	7,811

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Income taxes

6 Months Ended

Jun. 30, 2021

Income taxes

Income taxes

9.          Income taxes

Deferred tax assets and liabilities are determined based on the difference between the financial statement and tax bases of assets and liabilities using enacted tax rates in effect for the year in which the differences are expected to reverse. Valuation allowances are provided if based upon the weight of available evidence, it is more likely than not that some or all of the deferred tax assets will not be realized. The Company has evaluated the positive and negative evidence bearing upon the realizability of its deferred tax assets, including its net operating losses. Based on its history of operating losses, the Company believes that it is more likely than not that the benefit of its deferred tax assets will not be realized. Accordingly, the Company has provided a full valuation allowance for deferred tax assets as of June 30, 2021 and December 31, 2020.

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Commitments and contingencies

6 Months Ended

Jun. 30, 2021

Commitments and contingencies

Commitments and contingencies

10.         Commitments and contingencies

Contingencies

From time to time, the Company may be subject to occasional lawsuits, investigations, and claims arising out of the normal conduct of business. The Company has no significant pending or threatened litigation as of June 30, 2021.

Indemnifications

In the normal course of business, the Company enters into contracts that contain a variety of indemnifications with its employees, licensors, suppliers and service providers. Further, the Company indemnifies its directors and officers who are, or were, serving at the Company’s request in such capacities. The Company’s maximum exposure under these arrangements is unknown at June 30, 2021. The Company does not anticipate recognizing any significant losses relating to these arrangements.

Leases

The Company enters into various non-cancelable, operating lease agreements for its facilities and equipment in order to conduct its operations. The Company expenses rent on a straight-line basis over the life of the lease and has recorded deferred rent on the Company’s balance sheets within both accrued expenses and other current liabilities and other long-term liabilities.

Total rent expense, inclusive of lease incentives, under all the operating lease agreements amounted to $0.2 million for each of the three months ended June 30, 2021 and 2020 and $0.4 million for each of the six months ended June 30, 2021 and 2020, respectively.

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Summary of significant accounting policies (Policies)

6 Months Ended

Jun. 30, 2021

Summary of significant accounting policies

Basis of presentation

Basis of presentation

The condensed financial statements of the Company included herein have been prepared pursuant to the rules and regulations of the Securities and Exchange Commission (the “SEC”). Certain information and footnote disclosures normally included in financial statements prepared in accordance with accounting principles generally accepted in the United States of America (“GAAP”) have been condensed or omitted from this report, as is permitted by such rules and regulations. The accompanying condensed financial statements reflect all adjustments consisting of normal, recurring adjustments that are necessary for a fair presentation of the financial position, results of operations and cash flows for the interim periods presented. Interim results are not necessarily indicative of results for a full year. Accordingly, these

condensed financial statements should be read in conjunction with the financial statements included in the Company’s Annual Report on Form 10-K for the year ended December 31, 2020 (the “Annual Report”) filed with the SEC on March 24, 2021.

From time to time, new accounting pronouncements are issued by the Financial Accounting Standards Board (“FASB”), or other standard setting bodies and adopted by the Company as of the specified effective date. Unless otherwise discussed, the impact of recently issued standards that are not yet effective will not have a material impact on the Company’s financial statements upon adoption. Under the Jumpstart Our Business Startups Act of 2012, as amended (the “JOBS Act”), the Company meets the definition of an emerging growth company, and has elected the extended transition period for complying with new or revised accounting standards, which delays the adoption of these accounting standards until they would apply to private companies.

Use of estimates

Use of estimates

The condensed financial statements are prepared in conformity with GAAP. This process requires management to make estimates and assumptions that affect the reported amounts of assets and liabilities and the disclosure of contingent assets and liabilities as of the date of the financial statements and the reported amounts of expenses during the reporting period. Actual results could differ from those estimates.

Risk and uncertainties

Risk and uncertainties

The Company’s future results of operations involve a number of risks and uncertainties. Factors that could affect the Company’s future operating results and cause actual results to vary materially from expectations include, but are not limited to, uncertainty of: the impact of COVID-19 on future clinical study results, the scope, timing, rate of progress, and expense of the Company’s ongoing as well as any additional preclinical studies, clinical studies, and other research and development activities, clinical study enrollment rate or design, the manufacturing of the Company’s product candidates, significant and changing government regulation, and the timing and receipt of any regulatory approvals.

A novel strain of coronavirus (COVID-19) was first identified in December 2019, and subsequently declared a global pandemic by the World Health Organization on March 11, 2020. As a result of the outbreak, many companies have experienced disruptions in their operations and in markets served. On March 27, 2020, the Company suspended patient enrollment for certain ongoing Phase 2 clinical studies, including its NYX-2925 studies in painful diabetic peripheral neuropathy and fibromyalgia and its NYX-483 study in Parkinson’s disease cognitive impairment and dementia with Lewy bodies. The Company re-initiated enrollment in its NYX-2925 study in fibromyalgia in September 2020, in its NYX-2925 study in painful diabetic peripheral neuropathy in January 2021, and in its NYX-483 study in Parkinson’s disease cognitive impairment and dementia with Lewy bodies in March 2021. The Company has initiated some and may take additional temporary precautionary measures intended to help ensure the well-being of its employees and minimize business disruption. The Company considered the impact of COVID-19 on the assumptions and estimates used and determined that there were no material adverse impacts on the Company’s results of operations and financial position as of and for the six months ended June 30, 2021. The full extent of the future impacts of COVID-19 on the Company’s operations is uncertain. A prolonged outbreak could have a material adverse impact on financial results and business operations of the Company, including the availability of capital, timing and ability of the Company to complete certain clinical studies, and other efforts required to advance the development of its targets.

Recently issued accounting pronouncement

Recently issued accounting pronouncement

In February 2016, the FASB issued ASU No. 2016-02, Leases (“ASU 2016-02”), as amended, which requires a lessee to recognize assets and liabilities on the balance sheet for operating leases and changes many key definitions, including the

definition of a lease. The new standard includes a short-term lease exception for leases with a term of 12 months or less, as part of which a lessee can make an accounting policy election not to recognize lease assets and lease liabilities. Lessees will continue to differentiate between finance leases (previously referred to as capital leases) and operating leases using classification criteria that are substantially similar to the previous guidance. The new standard will be effective for the Company for annual reporting periods beginning after December 15, 2021 and interim periods within fiscal years beginning after December 15, 2022, and early adoption is permitted. The Company anticipates that the adoption of this standard will have an impact on its balance sheet due to the recognition of right-of-use assets and lease liabilities; however, the Company is currently evaluating the impact that the adoption of ASU 2016-02 may have on its condensed financial statements.

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Supplemental financial information (Tables)

6 Months Ended

Jun. 30, 2021

Supplemental financial information

Schedule of cash, cash equivalents and restricted cash

. The following table provides a reconciliation of cash, cash equivalents, and restricted cash reported within the balance sheets that sum to the total of the same such amounts shown in the condensed statements of cash flows (in thousands).

	As of		As of
	June 30,		December 31,
	2021		2020
Cash and cash equivalents	$	129,226	$	141,028
Short-term and long-term restricted cash		271		271
Total cash, cash equivalents, and restricted cash shown in the statements of cash flows	$	129,497	$	141,299

Schedule of prepaid expenses and other current assets

Prepaid expenses and other current assets consist of the following (in thousands):

	As of		As of
	June 30,		December 31,
	2021		2020
Prepaid clinical	$	1,669	$	6,052
Prepaid insurance		88		1,177
Prepaid manufacturing costs		2,308		613
Other prepaid expenses and current assets		307		298
Total prepaid expenses and other current assets	$	4,372	$	8,140

Schedule of accrued expenses and other current liabilities

Accrued expenses and other current liabilities consist of the following (in thousands):

	As of		As of
	June 30,		December 31,
	2021		2020
Employee-related expenses	$	1,135	$	2,039
Development costs and sponsored research		728		897
Clinical trials		656		195
Other		429		243
Total accrued expenses and other current liabilities	$	2,948	$	3,374

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Fair value measurements (Tables)

6 Months Ended

Jun. 30, 2021

Fair value measurements

Schedule of assets measured at fair value

Assets measured at fair value as of June 30, 2021 are as follows (in thousands):

	June 30,
	2021		Level 1		Level 2		Level 3
Assets
Money market funds, included in cash and cash equivalents	$	128,693	$	128,693	$	—	$	—
Money market funds, included in restricted cash		179		179		—		—
Money market funds, included in other assets		92		92		—		—
	$	128,964	$	128,964	$	—	$	—

Assets measured at fair value as of December 31, 2020 are as follows (in thousands):

	December 31,
	2020		Level 1		Level 2		Level 3
Assets
Money market funds, included in cash and cash equivalents	$	140,283	$	140,283	$	—	$	—
Money market funds, included in restricted cash		179		179		—		—
Money market funds, included in other assets		92		92		—		—
	$	140,554	$	140,554	$	—	$	—

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Property and equipment, net (Tables)

6 Months Ended

Jun. 30, 2021

Property and equipment, net

Schedule of property and equipment, net

Property and equipment are as follows (in thousands):

	As of		As of
	June 30,		December 31,
	2021		2020
Computer software and equipment	$	—	$	15
Office equipment and furniture		152		176
Laboratory equipment		401		1,801
Leasehold improvements		979		1,062
Less accumulated depreciation		(1,233)		(2,144)
Property and equipment, net	$	299	$	910

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Stock incentive plans (Tables)

6 Months Ended

Jun. 30, 2021

Stock incentive plans

Allocation of stock-based compensation expenses

Non-cash stock-based compensation expense recognized in the accompanying condensed statements of operations relating to stock options, restricted stock awards, and restricted stock units for the three and six months ended June 30, 2021 and 2020 was as follows (in thousands):

	Three months ended				Six months ended
	June 30,				June 30,
	2021		2020		2021		2020
Research and development	$	676	$	559	$	1,413	$	1,365
General and administrative		1,802		1,944		3,720		2,960
Total stock‑based compensation expense	$	2,478	$	2,503	$	5,133	$	4,325

Schedule of restricted stock unit activity

The table below summarizes activity related to restricted stock units (in thousands, except per share amounts):

		Weighted‑
		average
		grant date
		fair value
	Shares	per share
Unvested as of December 31, 2020	1,091	$	3.63
Issued		$
Vested	(1,089)		3.63
Forfeited and canceled	(2)		3.63
Unvested as of June 30, 2021	—	$	—

Summary of stock option activity

The table below summarizes activity related to stock options (in thousands, except per share amounts):

				Weighted‑
		Weighted‑		average
		average		remaining	Aggregate
		exercise		contractual	intrinsic
Options	Shares	price		term	value
Outstanding, December 31, 2020	6,684	$	6.88	7.96	$	1,582
Granted	3,080		3.50
Exercised	(87)		1.53
Forfeited and canceled	(189)		6.67
Outstanding, June 30, 2021	9,488	$	5.83	8.26	$	405
Vested and expected to vest at June 30, 2021	9,488	$	5.83	8.26	$	405
Exercisable at June 30, 2021	4,139	$	7.12	7.15	$	246

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Net loss per share (Tables)

6 Months Ended

Jun. 30, 2021

Net loss per share

Schedule of basic and diluted net loss per share attributable to common stockholders calculation

Basic and diluted net loss per share attributable to common stockholders was calculated as follows for the three and six months ended June 30, 2021 and 2020 (in thousands, except per share data):

	Three months ended				Six months ended
	June 30,				June 30,
	2021		2020		2021		2020
Numerator:
Net loss attributable to common stockholders	$	(19,819)	$	(12,517)	$	(34,045)	$	(27,227)
Denominator:
Weighted-average common shares outstanding—basic and diluted		67,381		45,680		66,716		44,757
Net loss per share attributable to common stockholders—basic and diluted	$	(0.29)	$	(0.27)	$	(0.51)	$	(0.61)

Schedule of anti-dilutive securities excluded from computation of diluted net loss per share

The following common stock equivalents outstanding as of June 30, 2021 and 2020, were excluded from the computation of diluted net loss per share attributable to common stockholders for the periods presented because including them would have been anti-dilutive (in thousands):

	As of
	June 30,
	2021	2020
Stock options issued and outstanding	9,488	6,680
Unvested restricted stock	—	1,131
Total	9,488	7,811

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Organization (Details) - USD ($) $ / shares in Units, $ in Thousands				6 Months Ended		24 Months Ended
	Oct. 26, 2020	Jan. 14, 2020	Jul. 01, 2019	Jun. 30, 2021	Jun. 30, 2020	Jun. 30, 2021	Dec. 31, 2020
Organization
Number of common stock shares newly issued	16,100,000	11,691,666
Public offering price of the shares sold	$ 3.00	$ 3.00
Proceeds from public offering, net of underwriters' discounts	$ 45,100	$ 33,300		$ 14,615	$ 4,668
Cash and cash equivalents				$ 129,226		$ 129,226	$ 141,028
Expected period of sufficient funds for planned operations				12 months
ATM Offering
Organization
Number of common stock shares newly issued				3,629,458		5,120,940
Public offering price of the shares sold				$ 3.99		$ 3.99
Proceeds from public offering, net of underwriters' discounts				$ 14,500		$ 20,400
Threshold shares agreed to be sold			$ 50,000
Sales commission percentage			3.00%

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Supplemental financial information - Cash, cash equivalents and restricted cash (Details) - USD ($) $ in Thousands	Jun. 30, 2021	Dec. 31, 2020	Jun. 30, 2020	Dec. 31, 2019
Supplemental financial information
Cash and cash equivalents	$ 129,226	$ 141,028
Short-term and long-term restricted cash	271	271
Total cash, cash equivalents, and restricted cash shown in the statements of cash flows	$ 129,497	$ 141,299	$ 116,223	$ 99,194

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Supplemental financial information - Prepaid expenses and other current assets (Details) - USD ($) $ in Thousands	Jun. 30, 2021	Dec. 31, 2020
Supplemental financial information
Prepaid clinical	$ 1,669	$ 6,052
Prepaid insurance	88	1,177
Prepaid manufacturing costs	2,308	613
Other prepaid expenses and current assets	307	298
Total prepaid expenses and other current assets	$ 4,372	$ 8,140

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Supplemental financial information - Accrued expenses and other current liabilities (Details) - USD ($) $ in Thousands	Jun. 30, 2021	Dec. 31, 2020
Supplemental financial information
Employee-related expenses	$ 1,135	$ 2,039
Development costs and sponsored research	728	897
Clinical trials	656	195
Other	429	243
Total accrued expenses and other current liabilities	$ 2,948	$ 3,374

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Research collaboration agreement with Allergan (Details) $ in Thousands		3 Months Ended		6 Months Ended
	Jul. 24, 2015 USD ($) Option	Jun. 30, 2021 USD ($)	Jun. 30, 2020 USD ($)	Jun. 30, 2021 USD ($)	Jun. 30, 2020 USD ($)
Research collaboration agreement with Allergan
Research and development		$ 14,796	$ 8,365	$ 25,110	$ 19,420
RCA
Research collaboration agreement with Allergan
Agreement term	180 days
Number of options to acquire molecules | Option	3
Payment of option exercise fee	$ 1,000
Milestone payment				1,000
Capitalized contract costs		0		0
Research and development		$ 0	$ 1,000	$ 0	$ 2,600
Development activities reimbursement percentage		50.00%	50.00%	50.00%	50.00%
Development activities expenses reimbursed		$ 0	$ 500	$ 0	$ 1,300

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Fair value measurements (Details) - Recurring - USD ($) $ in Thousands	Jun. 30, 2021	Dec. 31, 2020
Fair value measurements
Assets measured at fair value	$ 128,964	$ 140,554
Money market funds, included in cash and cash equivalents
Fair value measurements
Money market funds	128,693	140,283
Money market funds, included in restricted cash
Fair value measurements
Money market funds	179	179
Money market funds, included in other assets
Fair value measurements
Money market funds	92	92
Level 1
Fair value measurements
Assets measured at fair value	128,964	140,554
Level 1 | Money market funds, included in cash and cash equivalents
Fair value measurements
Money market funds	128,693	140,283
Level 1 | Money market funds, included in restricted cash
Fair value measurements
Money market funds	179	179
Level 1 | Money market funds, included in other assets
Fair value measurements
Money market funds	$ 92	$ 92

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Property and equipment, net (Details) - USD ($) $ in Thousands	3 Months Ended		6 Months Ended
	Jun. 30, 2021	Jun. 30, 2020	Jun. 30, 2021	Jun. 30, 2020	Dec. 31, 2020
Property and equipment
Less accumulated depreciation	$ (1,233)		$ (1,233)		$ (2,144)
Property and equipment, net	299		299		910
Depreciation	100	$ 100	500	$ 300
Computer software and equipment
Property and equipment
Property and equipment, gross					15
Office equipment and furniture
Property and equipment
Property and equipment, gross	152		152		176
Laboratory equipment
Property and equipment
Property and equipment, gross	401		401		1,801
Leasehold improvements
Property and equipment
Property and equipment, gross	$ 979		$ 979		$ 1,062

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Stock incentive plans (Details) - 2018 Plan - shares		6 Months Ended
	Jan. 01, 2021	Jun. 30, 2021
Stock incentive plans
Percentage of increase in number of shares outstanding		4.00%
Common stock added to plan	2,530,267
Awards available for future grant		1,885,199

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Stock incentive plans - Stock-based compensation expense (Details) - USD ($) $ in Thousands	3 Months Ended		6 Months Ended
	Jun. 30, 2021	Jun. 30, 2020	Jun. 30, 2021	Jun. 30, 2020
Share-based Compensation Arrangement by Share-based Payment Award [Line Items]
Stock-based compensation expense	$ 2,478	$ 2,503	$ 5,133	$ 4,325
Research and development
Share-based Compensation Arrangement by Share-based Payment Award [Line Items]
Stock-based compensation expense	676	559	1,413	1,365
General and administrative
Share-based Compensation Arrangement by Share-based Payment Award [Line Items]
Stock-based compensation expense	$ 1,802	$ 1,944	$ 3,720	$ 2,960

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Stock incentive plans - Activity related to stock options (Details) - Stock options - USD ($) $ / shares in Units, shares in Thousands, $ in Thousands	6 Months Ended		12 Months Ended
	Jun. 30, 2021	Jun. 30, 2020	Dec. 31, 2020
Shares
Outstanding, at the beginning of the period	6,684
Granted	3,080	2,400
Exercised	(87)
Forfeited and canceled	(189)
Outstanding, at the end of the period	9,488		6,684
Vested and expected to vest	9,488
Exercisable	4,139
Weighted-average exercise price
Outstanding, at the beginning of the period	$ 6.88
Granted	3.50
Exercised	1.53
Forfeited and canceled	6.67
Outstanding, at the end of the period	5.83		$ 6.88
Vested and expected to vest	5.83
Exercisable at the end of the period	$ 7.12
Weighted-average remaining contractual term
Weighted-average remaining contractual term	8 years 3 months 3 days		7 years 11 months 15 days
Vested and expected to vest	8 years 3 months 3 days
Exercisable	7 years 1 month 24 days
Aggregate intrinsic value
Outstanding, at the beginning of the period	$ 1,582
Outstanding, at the end of the period	405		$ 1,582
Vested and expected to vest	405
Exercisable	$ 246
Weighted-average grant date fair value per share	$ 2.73	$ 2.06
Unrecognized stock-based compensation related to non-vested stock options	$ 17,400
Expenses recognized over a weighted-average period (in years)	2 years 6 months
Term of award	10 years
Vesting period	4 years

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Stock incentive plans - Restricted stock units (Details) - USD ($) $ / shares in Units, $ in Thousands	1 Months Ended		3 Months Ended		6 Months Ended
	Jun. 30, 2020	May 31, 2019	Jun. 30, 2021	Jun. 30, 2020	Jun. 30, 2021	Jun. 30, 2020
Weighted-average grant date fair value per share
Non-cash restricted stock unit award expense recognized			$ 2,478	$ 2,503	$ 5,133	$ 4,325
Restricted Stock Units (RSUs)
Share-based Compensation Arrangement by Share-based Payment Award [Line Items]
Vesting period	10 months	2 years
Shares
Unvested at beginning of period (in shares)					1,091,000
Issued (in shares)	205,200	1,183,400
Vested					(1,089,000)
Forfeited and canceled (in shares)					(2,000)
Weighted-average grant date fair value per share
Unvested at beginning of period (in dollars per share)					$ 3.63
Vested (in dollars per share)					3.63
Forfeited and canceled (in dollars per share)					$ 3.63
Non-cash restricted stock unit award expense recognized			200	$ 500	$ 800	$ 900
Unrecognized compensation related to unvested restricted stock units			$ 0		$ 0

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Net loss per share (Details) - USD ($) $ / shares in Units, shares in Thousands, $ in Thousands	3 Months Ended		6 Months Ended
	Jun. 30, 2021	Jun. 30, 2020	Jun. 30, 2021	Jun. 30, 2020
Numerator:
Net loss attributable to common stockholders	$ (19,819)	$ (12,517)	$ (34,045)	$ (27,227)
Denominator:
Weighted-average common shares outstanding-basic and diluted	67,381	45,680	66,716	44,757
Net loss per share attributable to common stockholders-basic and diluted	$ (0.29)	$ (0.27)	$ (0.51)	$ (0.61)

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Net loss per share - Anti-dilutive securities (Details) - shares shares in Thousands	6 Months Ended
	Jun. 30, 2021	Jun. 30, 2020
Common stock equivalents outstanding excluded from the computation of diluted net loss per share attributable to common stockholders
Outstanding anti-dilutive securities excluded from computation of diluted net loss per share	9,488	7,811
Stock options
Common stock equivalents outstanding excluded from the computation of diluted net loss per share attributable to common stockholders
Outstanding anti-dilutive securities excluded from computation of diluted net loss per share	9,488	6,680
Unvested restricted stock units
Common stock equivalents outstanding excluded from the computation of diluted net loss per share attributable to common stockholders
Outstanding anti-dilutive securities excluded from computation of diluted net loss per share		1,131

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Commitments and contingencies (Details) - USD ($) $ in Millions	3 Months Ended		6 Months Ended
	Jun. 30, 2021	Jun. 30, 2020	Jun. 30, 2021	Jun. 30, 2020
Commitments and contingencies
Rent expense inclusive of lease incentives	$ 0.2	$ 0.2	$ 0.4	$ 0.4