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Stock Compensation (Tables)
12 Months Ended
Dec. 31, 2019
Disclosure of Compensation Related Costs, Share-based Payments [Abstract]  
Stock Options, Valuation Assumptions
Key assumptions used in the valuation models were as follows for the years ended December 31:
 
2019
 
2018
 
2017
Expected volatility
37.90% - 40.02%
 
34.81% - 39.68%
 
37.36% - 42.83%
Expected dividend yield rate
0.00%
 
0.00%
 
0.00%
Weighted average term (in years)
5.50 - 6.50
 
5.50 - 6.50
 
5.50 - 6.50
Weighted average grant date fair value
$8.32
 
$12.98
 
$11.51
Risk free rate
1.79% - 2.50%
 
2.04% - 2.96%
 
1.83% - 2.19%

Stock Option Activity Rollforward
The following table represents stock option activity:
 
Shares
 
Weighted Average Exercise Price Per Share
 
Aggregate Intrinsic Value (millions)
 
Weighted Average Remaining Contract Term in Years
Outstanding as of January 1, 2017
5,156,976
 
$
20.40

 
 
 

Issued upon conversion of class B-1 Common Stock
2,494,553
 
11.13

 
 
 
 
Granted
505,122
 
27.78

 
 
 
 
Exercised
(2,781,055)
 
11.67

 
 
 
 
Forfeited
(448,928)
 
15.01

 
 
 
 
Balance as of December 31, 2017
4,926,668
 
$
14.56

 
 
 

Granted
838,912
 
32.16

 
 
 
 
Exercised
(1,548,484)
 
13.79

 
 
 
 
Forfeited
(884,391)
 
18.8

 
 
 
 
Balance as of December 31, 2018
3,332,705
 
$
18.22

 
 
 

Granted
443,170
 
20.94

 
 
 
 
Exercised
(641,706)
 
10.56

 
 
 
 
Forfeited
(301,370)
 
26.07

 
 
 
 
Balance as of December 31, 2019
2,832,799
 
$
19.55

 
$
17.0

 
5.9
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Exercisable as of December 31, 2019
1,755,821
 
$
16.47

 
$
14.6

 
4.6

RSU and PSU Activity Rollforward
The following table represents RSU activity:
 
Shares
 
Weighted Average Grant-Date Fair Value Per Share
Outstanding as of January 1, 2017
385,220
 
$
22.00

Granted
365,972
 
28.89

Vested
(175,110)
 
18.40

Forfeited
(13,714)
 
26.02

Balance as of December 31, 2017
562,368
 
$
27.51

Granted
766,927
 
29.14

Vested
(124,560)
 
25.21

Forfeited
(530,867)
 
29.69

Balance as of December 31, 2018
673,868
 
$
28.07

Granted
952,801
 
20.07

Vested
(232,666)
 
30.08

Forfeited
(154,498)
 
23.38

Balance as of December 31, 2019
1,239,505
 
$
22.13


The following table represents PSU activity for the awarded shares at target performance measures:
 
Shares
 
Weighted Average Grant-Date Fair Value Per Share
Outstanding as of January 1, 2018
 
$

Granted
193,763
 
31.60

Forfeited
(19,093)
 
33.31

Balance as of December 31, 2018
174,670
 
$
31.41

Granted
401,935
 
22.21

Forfeited
(65,832)
 
25.24

Balance as of December 31, 2019
510,773
 
$
24.97