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Income Taxes
9 Months Ended
Sep. 29, 2018
Income Taxes  
Income Taxes

Note 7—Income Taxes

Income tax expense was $3.1 million and $5.2 million for the three months ended September 29, 2018 and September 30, 2017, respectively. The effective tax rate for the three months ended September 29, 2018 was 16% compared to 32% for the three months ended September 30, 2017. The decrease in income tax expense and the effective tax rate was primarily due to the reduction in the U.S. corporate income tax rate from 35% to 21%, enacted as part of the Tax Cuts and Jobs Act (“the Act”), and the revaluation of deferred tax assets for state income taxes.

Income tax expense was $7.2 million for the nine months ended September 29, 2018 compared to $6.0 million for the nine months ended September 30, 2017.  The increase in income tax expense is due to higher income before income taxes. The effective tax rate for the nine months ended September 29, 2018 was 18% compared to 34% for the nine months ended September 30, 2017.  The decrease in the effective tax rate was primarily due to the reduction in the U.S. corporate income tax rate from 35% to 21%, enacted as part of the Act, and the revaluation of deferred tax assets for state income taxes.

For interim periods, our income tax expense and resulting effective tax rate are based upon an estimated annual effective tax rate adjusted for the effects of items required to be treated as discrete to the period, including changes in tax laws, changes in estimated exposures for uncertain tax positions, and other items. We considered the provisions of the Act in calculating the estimated annual effective tax rate.