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Underwriting, Acquisition and Insurance Expenses
3 Months Ended
Mar. 31, 2019
Underwriting, Acquisition and Insurance Expenses [Abstract]  
Underwriting, acquisition and insurance expenses
Underwriting, acquisition and insurance expenses
Underwriting, acquisition and insurance expenses for the three months ended March 31, 2019 and 2018 consist of the following:
 
 
Three Months Ended March 31,
 
 
2019
 
2018
 
(in thousands)
Underwriting, acquisition and insurance expenses incurred:
 
 
 
 
Direct commissions
 
$
10,674

 
$
8,379

Ceding commissions
 
(2,938
)
 
(2,444
)
Other operating expenses
 
7,880

 
6,463

Total
 
$
15,616

 
$
12,398


Other operating expenses within underwriting, acquisition and insurance expenses include salaries, bonus and employee benefits expenses of $6.8 million and $5.0 million for the three months ended March 31, 2019 and 2018, respectively.