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Underwriting, Acquisition and Insurance Expenses
3 Months Ended
Mar. 31, 2018
Underwriting, Acquisition and Insurance Expenses [Abstract]  
Underwriting, acquisition and insurance expenses
Underwriting, acquisition and insurance expenses
Underwriting, acquisition and insurance expenses for the three months ended March 31, 2018 and 2017 consist of the following:
 
 
Three Months Ended March 31,
 
 
2018
 
2017
 
 
(in thousands)
Underwriting, acquisition and insurance expenses incurred:
 
 
 
 
Direct commissions
 
$
8,379

 
$
7,149

Ceding commissions
 
(2,444
)
 
(2,346
)
Other operating expenses
 
6,463

 
6,491

Total
 
$
12,398

 
$
11,294


Other operating expenses within underwriting, acquisition and insurance expenses include salaries, bonus and employee benefits expenses of $5.0 million for both the three months ended March 31, 2018 and 2017.