Exhibit 7.1

RATIOS OF EARNINGS TO FIXED CHARGES

The following table sets out our ratios of earnings to fixed charges for each of the five years ended 31 December 2016, 2015, 2014, 2013 and 2012 based on information derived from our consolidated financial statements, which are prepared in accordance with International Financial Reporting Standards (“IFRS”).

	Year ended 31 December
	2016		2015		2014		2013		2012
Earnings:
Profit from operations before taxes and share of results of associates		4,318		12,451		13,792		18,240		10,380
Add: Fixed charges (below)		4,608		2,200		2,366		2,389		2,361
Less: Interest capitalized (below)		12		28		39		38		57
Total earnings		8,914		14,623		16,119		20,591		12,684
Fixed charges:
Interest expense and similar charges		4,080		1,805		1,969		2,005		2,008
Accretion expense		468		289		266		261		209
Interest capitalized		12		28		39		38		57
Estimated interest portion of rental expense		48		78		92		85		87
Total fixed charges		4,608		2,200		2,366		2,389		2,361
Ratio of earnings to fixed charges		1.93		6.65		6.81		8.62		5.37

The ratio of earnings to fixed charges represents the number of times fixed charges are covered by earnings. For purposes of computing this ratio, earnings consist of profit from operations before taxes and share of results of associates and joint ventures, plus fixed charges, minus interest capitalized during the period. Fixed charges consist of interest and accretion expense, interest on finance lease obligations, interest capitalized, plus one-third of rent expense on operating leases, estimated by us as representative of the interest factor attributable to such rent expense.

We did not have any preferred stock outstanding and did not pay or accrue any preferred stock dividends during the periods presented above.