Fair Value Measurement and Fair Values of Financial Instruments

12 Months Ended

Dec. 31, 2017

Fair Value Disclosures [Abstract]

Fair Value Measurement and Fair Values of Financial Instruments

Note 14 - Fair Value Measurement and Fair Values of Financial Instruments

Management uses its best judgment in estimating the fair value of the Company’s assets and liabilities; however, there are inherent weaknesses in any estimation technique. Therefore, for substantially all assets and liabilities, the fair value estimates herein are not necessarily indicative of the amounts the Company could have realized in a sales transaction on the dates indicated. The estimated fair value amounts have been measured as of their respective year-ends and have not been re-evaluated or updated for purposes of these consolidated financial statements subsequent to those respective dates. As such, the estimated fair values of assets and liabilities subsequent to the respective reporting dates may be different than the amounts reported at each year-end.

Accounting guidance establishes a fair value hierarchy that prioritizes the inputs to valuation methods used to measure fair value. The hierarchy gives the highest priority to unadjusted quoted prices in active markets for identical assets or liabilities (Level 1 measurements) and the lowest priority to unobservable inputs (Level 3 measurements). The three levels of the fair value hierarchy are as follows:

Level 1: Unadjusted quoted prices in active markets that are accessible at the measurement date for identical unrestricted assets or liabilities.

Level 2: Quoted prices in markets that are not active, or inputs that are observable either directly or indirectly, for substantially the full term of the asset or liability.

Level 3: Prices or valuation techniques that require inputs that are both significant to the fair value measurement and unobservable (i.e. supported with little or no market activity).

An asset or liability’s level within the fair value hierarchy is based on the lowest level of input that is significant to the fair value measurement.

For financial assets measured at fair value on a recurring basis, the fair value measurements by level within the fair value hierarchy used are as follows at December 31:

	(In Thousands)
2017		Total		Level 1		Level 2		Level 3
U.S. Government and agency obligations		$	10,470	$	-	$	10,470	$	-
Mortgage-backed securities - residential			7,843		-		7,843		-
Total Available-for-Sale Securities		$	18,313	$	-	$	18,313	$	-

2016	Total		Level 1		Level 2		Level 3
U.S. Government and agency obligations	$	7,999	$	-	$	7,999	$	-
Mortgage-backed securities - residential		9,748		-		9,748		-
Total Available-for-Sale Securities	$	17,747	$	-	$	17,747	$	-

There were no securities transferred out of level 2 securities available-for-sale during the twelve months ended December 31, 2017. No assets or liabilities have been measured on a non-recurring basis at December 31, 2017 or 2016.

Required disclosures include fair value information about financial instruments, whether or not recognized in the consolidated balance sheets, for which it is practicable to estimate that value. In cases where quoted market prices are not available, fair values are based on estimates using present value or other valuation techniques. Those techniques are significantly affected by the assumptions used, including the discount rate and estimates of future cash flows. In that regard, the fair value estimates cannot be substantiated by comparison to independent markets and, in many cases, could not be realized in immediate settlement of the instrument. Certain financial instruments and all non-financial instruments are excluded from the disclosure requirements. Accordingly, the aggregate fair value amounts presented do not represent the underlying value of the Company.

Due to a wide range of valuation techniques and the degree of subjectivity used in making the estimates, comparisons between the Company’s disclosures and those of other companies may not be meaningful. The following methods and assumptions were used to estimate the fair values of certain of the Company’s assets and liabilities at December 31, 2017 and 2016.

Cash, Due from Banks, and Interest-Earning Demand Deposits

The carrying amounts of these assets approximate their fair values.

Investment Securities

The fair value of securities available-for-sale (carried at fair value) and held-to-maturity (carried at amortized cost) are determined by matrix pricing, which is a mathematical technique used widely in the industry to value debt securities without relying exclusively on quoted market prices for the specific securities but rather relying on the securities’ relationship to other benchmark quoted prices and is considered to be a Level 2 measurement.

Investment in Restricted Stock

The carrying value of restricted stock, which consists of Federal Home Loan Bank and Atlantic Community Bankers Bank, approximates its fair value based on the redemption provisions of the restricted stock, resulting in a Level 2 classification.

Loans and Loans Held for Sale

The fair values of loans held in portfolio are estimated using discounted cash flow analyses, using market rates at the balance sheet date that reflect the credit and interest rate-risk inherent in the loans, resulting in a Level 3 classification. Projected future cash flows are calculated based upon contractual maturity or call dates, projected repayments and prepayments of principal. Generally, for variable rate loans that reprice frequently and with no significant change in credit risk, fair values are based on carrying values.

Mortgage loans held for sale in the secondary market are carried at the lower of cost or fair value, resulting in a Level 2 classification. Separate determinations of fair value for residential and commercial loans are made on an aggregate basis. Fair value is determined based solely on the effect of changes in secondary market interest rates and yield requirements from the commitment date to the date of the financial statements.

Accrued Interest Receivable and Payable

The carrying amount of accrued interest receivable and payable approximates fair value.

Deposits

The fair values disclosed for demand deposits (e.g., NOW accounts, non-interest checking, regular savings and certain types of money market accounts) are, by definition, equal to the amount payable on demand at the reporting date (i.e., their carrying amounts), resulting in a Level 1 classification. The carrying amounts for variable-rate certificates of deposit approximate their fair values at the reporting date, resulting in a Level 1 classification. Fair values for fixed-rate certificates of deposit are estimated using a discounted cash flow calculation that applies market interest rates currently being offered on certificates to a schedule of aggregated expected monthly maturities on time deposits, resulting in a Level 2 classification.

Borrowings

The fair values of FHLB long-term borrowings are estimated using discounted cash flow analyses, based on the quoted rates for new FHLB advances with similar credit risk characteristics, terms and remaining maturity, resulting in a Level 2 classification.

The carrying amounts and estimated fair values of the Company’s financial instruments at December 31, 2017 and 2016 are as follows:

			2017				2016
	Fair Value Hierarchy		Carrying Amount		Fair Value		Carrying Amount		Fair Value
	(In Thousands)
Financial assets:
Cash and due from banks		1	$	1,672	$	1,672	$	1,634	$	1,634
Interest bearing demand deposits		1		8,725		8,725		5,773		5,773
Securities available for sale		2		18,313		18,313		17,747		17,747
Securities held to maturity		2		6,575		6,588		7,420		7,384
Investment in restricted stock		2		3,270		3,270		2,886		2,886
Loans held for sale		2		2,770		2,770		2,059		2,059
Loans, net		3		262,711		261,588		226,192		225,569
Accrued interest receivable		1		824		824		652		652
Financial liabilities:
Deposits		1/2		216,691		216,878		182,934		182,969
Borrowings		2		64,447		64,502		56,813		57,008
Accrued interest payable		1		94		94		71		71