In July 2022, the Company entered into a collaboration and license agreement (the “Roche Collaboration Agreement”) with F. Hoffmann-La Roche Ltd and Hoffmann-La Roche Inc. (collectively, “Roche”), pursuant to which the Company granted to Roche: (i) an exclusive, worldwide license under certain Company intellectual property to develop, manufacture and commercialize allogeneic CAR-T cell therapy products from each of the Company’s existing P-BCMA-ALLO1 and P-CD19CD20-ALLO1 programs (each a “Tier 1 Program”); (ii) an exclusive option to acquire an exclusive, worldwide license under certain Company intellectual property to develop, manufacture and commercialize allogeneic CAR-T cell therapy products from each of the Company’s existing P-BCMACD19-ALLO1 and P-CD70-ALLO1 programs (each, a “Tier 2 Program”); (iii) an exclusive license under certain Company intellectual property to develop, manufacture and commercialize allogeneic CAR-T cell therapy products from the up to six Collaboration Programs (as defined below) designated by Roche; (iv) an option for a non-exclusive, commercial license under certain limited Company intellectual property to develop, manufacture and commercialize certain Roche proprietary cell therapy products for up to three solid tumor targets to be identified by Roche (“Licensed Products”); and (v) the right of first offer for two (2) early-stage existing programs within hematologic malignancies. The Roche Collaboration Agreement became effective in September 2022 upon expiration of the applicable waiting period under the Hart-Scott-Rodino Antitrust Improvements Act of 1976, as amended.

For each Tier 1 Program, the Company will perform development activities through a Phase 1 dose escalation clinical trial, and Roche is obligated to reimburse a specified percentage of certain costs incurred by the Company in its performance of such activities, up to a specified reimbursement cap for each Tier 1 Program. For Tier 1 Program activities beyond the Phase 1 dose escalation, Roche is obligated to reimburse all costs incurred for the program. For each Tier 2 Program, the Company will perform research and development activities either through selection of a development candidate for Investigational New Drug Application (“IND”)-enabling studies or, subject to Roche’s election and payment of an option maintenance fee, through completion of a Phase 1 dose escalation clinical trial. In addition, for each Tier 2 Program for which Roche exercises its option for an exclusive license, Roche is obligated to pay an option exercise fee. For each Tier 1 Program and Tier 2 Program, the Company will perform manufacturing activities until the completion of a technology transfer to Roche.

The parties are conducting an initial two-year research program to explore and preclinically test a specified number of agreed-upon next generation therapeutic concepts relating to allogeneic CAR-T cell therapies. Subject to Roche’s election and payment of a specified fee, the parties would subsequently conduct a second research program of 18 months under which the parties could extend the existing work being performed under the initial term, and/or would explore and preclinically test a specified number of additional agreed-upon next generation therapeutic concepts relating to allogeneic CAR-T therapies. Roche may designate up to six heme malignancy-directed, allogeneic CAR-T programs from the two research programs, for each of which the Company will perform research and development activities through selection of a development candidate for IND-enabling activities (each, a “Collaboration Program”). Upon its designation of each Collaboration Program, Roche is obligated to pay a designation fee. After the Company’s completion of lead optimization activities for a Collaboration Program, Roche may elect to transition such program to Roche with a payment to the Company or terminate it. Alternatively, Roche may elect, for a limited number of Collaboration Programs, to have the Company conduct certain additional development and manufacturing activities through the completion of a Phase 1 dose escalation clinical trial, in which case Roche will pay certain milestones and reimburse a specified percentage of the Company’s costs incurred in connection with such development and manufacturing activities. For each Collaboration Program, the Company will perform manufacturing activities until the completion of a technology transfer to Roche.

In consideration for the rights granted to Roche under the Roche Collaboration Agreement, the Company received an upfront payment of $110.0 million. In addition, subject to Roche exercising its Tier 2 Program options, designating Collaboration Programs, and exercising its option for the Licensed Products commercial license and further contingent on, among other things, achieving specified objectives, the Company is eligible to receive up to (i) $1.5 billion in aggregate payments for Tier 1 Programs comprised of research funding, feasibility fees and $1.4 billion in development, regulatory and net sales milestones, (ii) $1.1 billion in aggregate payments for Tier 2 Programs comprised of option exercise and maintenance fees and $1.0 billion in development, regulatory and net sales milestones, (iii) $2.9 billion in aggregate payments for the Collaboration Programs comprised of certain reimbursements, fees and milestone payments; and (iv) $415.0 million in payments for the Licensed Products comprised of certain reimbursements, fees and milestone payments.

The Company is further entitled to receive, on a product-by-product basis, tiered royalty payments in the mid-single to low double digits on net sales of products from the Tier 1 Programs, optioned Tier 2 Programs and Collaboration Programs and in the low to mid-single digits for Licensed Products, in each case, subject to certain customary reductions and offsets. Royalties will be payable, on a product-by-product and country-by-country basis, until the latest of the expiration of the licensed patents covering such product in such country or ten years from first commercial sale of such product in such country.

The Roche Collaboration Agreement will continue in effect on a product-by-product and country-to-country basis until there is no remaining royalty or other payment obligations. The Roche Collaboration Agreement includes standard termination provisions, including for material breach or insolvency and for Roche’s convenience. Certain of these termination rights can be exercised with respect to a particular product or license, as well as with respect to the entire Roche Collaboration Agreement.

Effective November 7, 2023, the Roche Collaboration Agreement was amended to, among other things: (i) reallocate certain existing manufacturing-related fees payable to us by Roche to add new manufacturing process development and implementation transfer fees for each of our existing Tier 1 Programs; and (ii) reallocate amounts in certain development milestone payments payable to us by Roche for each Tier 1 Program. The amendment also provided for the ability for the existing two-year research program to be extended for an additional 18 months with the payment of a $15.0 million milestone. All performance obligations and payment terms under the Roche Collaboration Agreement otherwise remained unchanged.

At contract inception, the Company has identified six performance obligations under the Roche Collaboration Agreement: (i) licenses associated with the Tier 1 Programs, (ii) research and development efforts for the Tier 1 Programs, (iii) clinical drug supply for the Tier 1 Programs, (iv) manufacturing process development program for the Tier 1 Programs, (v) research and development efforts for the Tier 2 Programs, and (vi) research and development efforts for the Collaboration Programs. The Company concluded that Roche’s options within the Roche Collaboration Agreement do not represent material rights and are not considered performance obligations as they do not contain a significant and incremental discount. The licenses associated with the Tier 1 Programs were delivered at the beginning of the agreement term and deemed capable of being distinct as the Company concluded that Roche has the knowledge and capabilities to continue development work and fully utilize the licenses without the Company’s involvement.

In order to determine the transaction price, the Company evaluated all the payments to be received during the term of the Roche Collaboration Agreement. Certain milestones and additional fees were considered variable consideration, which were not included in the initial transaction price based on the most likely amount method. The Company will re-evaluate the transaction price in each reporting period and as uncertain events are resolved or other changes in circumstances occur. The Company determined that the transaction price at the inception of the Roche Collaboration Agreement was $185.0 million, which consists of the upfront payment of $110.0 million, future research funding for the Tier 1 Programs of $40.0 million and a $35.0 million milestone achieved in September 2022 for the Tier 1 Programs. The Company achieved developmental milestones of $30.0 million in the fourth quarter of 2023 and $15.0 million in the second quarter of 2024. In accordance with ASC 606, the Company determined that the achieved milestone represented an increase in the initial transaction price for its manufacturing process development program for the Tier 1 Programs in the form of the receipt of variable consideration that was previously constrained. The Company recognized revenue associated with the milestone in an amount equal to the proportional percentage of the actual costs incurred under the manufacturing process development programs since its inception as a percentage of the total costs expected to be incurred over the expected term of conduct of the manufacturing process development program. The remaining unrecognized revenue associated with the milestone is included within deferred revenue and is being recognized as revenue over the expected term of conduct of the manufacturing process development program. All other future potential milestone payments were excluded from the estimated total transaction price as they were considered constrained.

The performance obligation associated with the licenses for the Tier 1 Programs was satisfied as of the effective date of the Roche Collaboration Agreement. All other performance obligations will be recognized on a proportional basis as the underlying services are provided based on actual costs incurred as a percentage of total estimated costs. The Company determined that the cost-based input method most faithfully depicts the pattern in which these performance obligations are satisfied. Any cumulative effect of revisions to estimated costs to complete the Company’s performance obligation will be recorded in the period in which changes are identified and amounts can be reasonably estimated. This approach requires the Company to use significant judgment and make estimates of future expenditures. If the Company’s estimates or judgments change over the course of the collaboration, they may affect the timing and amount of revenue that it recognizes in the current and future periods.

In April 2024, the Company and Xyphos Biosciences, Inc. (“Xyphos”), a wholly-owned subsidiary of Astellas Pharma Inc., entered into a collaboration and license agreement (the “Astellas Collaboration Agreement”), pursuant to which the Company granted to Xyphos (i) an exclusive license under certain Company intellectual property to conduct activities under two research plans, to create one Company-developed CAR-T construct to form the basis of two convertibleCAR® product candidates targeting solid tumors, which will be generated by using both parties’ platform technology (each a “Research Product”), where each Research Product will bind to a human tumor-associated antigen, and may also bind to a human antigen associated with a tumor microenvironment, (ii) an exclusive license under certain Company intellectual property after certain conditions are satisfied to develop, and commercialize up to two Research Products that have been designated as licensed products following receipt of the applicable IND-enabling data package, and (iii) after certain conditions are satisfied, an exclusive license under certain Company intellectual property to manufacture the products once manufacturing technology transfer has been completed.

For each research plan, the Company will perform research and development activities through the generation of an IND-enabling data package and Xyphos is obligated to fully reimburse the Company for full-time equivalent costs and expenses incurred by the Company in its performance of certain activities, up to an agreed annual cap. Xyphos may request that the Company transfer the manufacturing process for a product to Xyphos, or that, subject to the payment of a fee, the Company manufacture the Allo-T Cells forming part of such product for use in the first Phase 1 trial of such product.

In consideration for the rights granted to Xyphos under the Astellas Collaboration Agreement, the Company received an upfront payment of $50.0 million, $6.0 million of which was advanced for the Company’s costs and expenses for its research and development activities. In addition, the Company could also receive up to $550.0 million in potential development and sales milestone payments and contingency payments. The Company is further entitled to receive, on a product-by-product basis, tiered royalty payments up to the low teens as a percentage of net sales of licensed products. Royalties will be payable, on a product-by-product basis, during the period commencing on the first commercial sale of a product in a country until the latest of (a) the expiration of the licensed patents covering such product in such country, (b) the expiration of regulatory exclusivity for such product in such country and (c) a certain period of time following such first commercial sale of such product in such country.

The Astellas Collaboration Agreement will continue in effect on a product-by-product basis until there are no remaining royalty or other payment obligations for each such product. The Astellas Collaboration Agreement includes standard termination provisions, including for material breach or insolvency and for Xyphos’s convenience. Certain of these termination rights can be exercised with respect to a particular country, licensed product, or research program, as well as with respect to the entire Astellas Collaboration Agreement.

At contract inception, the Company has identified six distinct performance obligations under the Astellas Collaboration Agreement: (i) a material right for the option to obtain a commercial license for the first product candidate, (ii) a material right for the option to obtain a commercial license for the second product candidate, (iii) research and development efforts for the first product candidate, (iv) research and development efforts for the second product candidate, (v) process development and other target agnostic activities to support production of cell manufacturing, and (vi) manufacturing of both product candidates during the research term.

In order to determine the transaction price, the Company evaluated all the payments to be received during the term of the Astellas Collaboration Agreement. The development and sales milestone payments and certain payments were considered variable consideration and were not included in the initial transaction price based on the most likely amount method. The Company will re-evaluate the transaction price in each reporting period and as uncertain events are resolved or other changes in circumstances occur. The Company determined that the transaction price at the inception of the Astellas Collaboration Agreement was $63.8 million, which consists of the upfront payment of $50.0 million, which includes the $6.0 million advanced for the Company's costs and expenses for its research and development activities, as well as estimated incremental research and development costs over the duration of the research term of $13.8 million to be reimbursed by Astellas. As a practical alternative to estimating the standalone selling price when the goods or services are both (i) similar to the original goods and services in the contract and (ii) provided in accordance with the terms of the original contract, the Company allocated the total amount of variable consideration expected to be received from the customer to the total goods or services expected to be provided to the customer.

In assessing whether the options under the Astellas Collaboration Agreement represent material rights, the Company considered if there was additional consideration the Company would be entitled to upon the option exercise and the standalone selling price of the underlying goods and services. For the material rights identified as performance obligations above, the Company concluded that each

of the options to obtain commercial licenses provided Astellas with a discount that it otherwise would not have received without entering into the Astellas Collaboration Agreement.

The material rights for the commercial licenses will be recognized upon the first to occur: once the licenses are exercised or once the rights expire, which is estimated to occur at the end of the research term. The remaining performance obligations will be recognized on a proportionate basis as the underlying services are provided based on actual costs incurred as a percentage of total estimated costs. The Company determined that the cost-based input method for these performance obligations most faithfully depicts the pattern in which these performance obligations are satisfied. Any cumulative effect of revisions to estimated costs to complete the Company’s performance obligation will be recorded in the period in which changes are identified and amounts can be reasonably estimated. This approach requires the Company to use significant judgment and make estimates of future expenditures. If the Company’s estimates or judgments change over the course of the collaboration, they may affect the timing and amount of revenue that it recognizes in the current and future periods.

In October 2021, the Company entered into a collaboration and license agreement (the “Takeda Collaboration Agreement”) with Takeda Pharmaceuticals USA, Inc. (“Takeda”), pursuant to which the Company granted to Takeda a worldwide exclusive license under the Company’s certain platform technologies including piggyBac, Cas-CLOVER, biodegradable DNA and RNA nanoparticle delivery technology and other proprietary genetic engineering platforms to research, develop, manufacture and commercialize gene therapy products for certain indications. Under the Takeda Collaboration Agreement, the Company received an upfront payment of $45.0 million and R&D reimbursement payments during the term of the agreement.

On May 31, 2023, the Company received written notice from Takeda of its election to terminate the Takeda Collaboration Agreement, effective July 30, 2023 (the “Termination Date”). Until the Termination Date, the parties performed their respective obligations under the Collaboration Agreement and upon the Termination Date, the Company’s exclusivity obligations under the Collaboration Agreement terminated. In addition, the licenses granted to Takeda by the Company, and the licenses granted to the Company by Takeda to perform research activities under the Collaboration Agreement terminated.

While the Company’s entry into the Astellas Strategic Rights Letter was a strategic investment, for purposes of recognizing the remaining amount, it has been determined to be revenue, and as such, reference to remaining deferred revenue for these agreements is included in the following table. There were no contract assets as of June 30, 2024 related to the Roche Collaboration Agreement, Takeda Collaboration Agreement, Astellas Strategic Rights Letter, or Astellas Collaboration Agreement. A contract asset of $30.0 million for the Roche Collaboration Agreement was netted against deferred revenue for the year ended December 31, 2023. There were no contract assets as of December 31, 2023 related to the Takeda Collaboration Agreement or Astellas Strategic Rights Letter.

A reconciliation of the closing balance of deferred revenue related to the agreements is as follows (in thousands):


	Roche Collaboration Agreement			Takeda Collaboration Agreement			Astellas Strategic Rights Letter			Astellas Collaboration Agreement			Total
Balance as of December 31, 2022	$	31,749		$	9,307		$	—		$	—		$	41,056
Amounts received/invoiced		30,741			5,111			35,583			—			71,435
Revenue recognized		(50,285	)		(14,418	)		—			—			(64,703	)
Balance as of December 31, 2023	$	12,205		$	—		$	35,583		$	—		$	47,788
Amounts received/invoiced		74,540			—			—			50,000			124,540
Revenue recognized		(42,198	)		—			(11,861	)		(56	)		(54,115	)
Balance as of June 30, 2024	$	44,547		$	—		$	23,722		$	49,944		$	118,213