Revenue Recognition

6 Months Ended

Jun. 30, 2024

Revenue Recognition and Deferred Revenue [Abstract]

Revenue Recognition

8. REVENUE RECOGNITION

Sanwa Kagaku Kenkyusho Co., Ltd

On February 25, 2022, the Company and Sanwa Kagaku Kenkyusho Co., Ltd. ("Sanwa"), entered into a license agreement (the “Sanwa License”) whereby the Company granted Sanwa an exclusive license to develop and commercialize paltusotine in Japan.

Under the Sanwa License, Sanwa has the right to receive data obtained by the Company through certain paltusotine studies. The Company assessed the Sanwa License and concluded that Sanwa is a customer within the agreement. Sanwa will assume all costs associated with clinical trials and regulatory applications associated with these processes in Japan. Further, the Company retains all rights to develop and commercialize the product outside Japan. The Company also granted Sanwa the right to purchase supply of paltusotine for clinical and commercial requirements at cost plus a pre-negotiated percentage which was a market rate and therefore not a material right.

The Company determined that its performance obligations under the Sanwa License comprised the license and data exchange. Certain professional services, such as the Company's participation on committees, were deemed to be immaterial to the context of the contract.

In exchange, the Company received a $13.0 million nonrefundable, upfront payment and will be eligible to receive up to an additional $25.5 million in milestone payments related to the achievement of certain development, regulatory and commercial goals. In addition, upon market approval of paltusotine in Japan, the Company will be eligible to receive certain sales-based royalties. Initially, the Company determined that the transaction price amounted to the upfront payment of $13.0 million.

During the six months ended June 30, 2024, the Company achieved a $1.0 million milestone for the first indication of the development milestones. As of June 30, 2024, the Company updated its estimated transaction price to $14.0 million and recorded a cumulative catch-up adjustment of $0.4 million during the six months ended June 30, 2024. As there have been no sales to date, no sales-based milestones or royalties were recognized to date. Further, using the most-likely-method, the other developmental milestone payments continued to be considered fully constrained.

The control of the license was transferred to Sanwa at the inception of the contract and the Company does not have an ongoing performance obligation to support or maintain the licensed intellectual property. Revenue allocated to the data exchange obligation is recognized over time using the cost-to-cost measure as this method represents a faithful depiction of progress toward the ongoing paltusotine studies in the U.S. and related data transfer. Revenue is recognized on a gross basis as the Company is the principal.

Deferred revenue consisted of the following (in thousands):

	Three months ended June 30,						Six months ended June 30,
	2024			2023			2024			2023
Deferred revenues at beginning of period	$	7,204		$	7,736		$	6,806		$	8,341
Unearned revenue from cash received during the period, excluding amounts recognized as revenue during the period		—			—			550			—
Revenue recognized that was included in deferred revenues as of the beginning of the period		(324	)		(584	)		(476	)		(1,189	)
Deferred revenues at end of period	$	6,880		$	7,152		$	6,880		$	7,152

During the three and six months ended June 30, 2024, $0.3 million and $0.9 million, respectively, of the $14.0 million estimated transaction price was recognized as revenues in the accompanying condensed consolidated statements of operations and comprehensive loss. During the three and six months ended June 30, 2023, $0.6 million and $1.2 million, respectively, of the $14.0 million estimated transaction price was recognized as revenues in the accompanying condensed consolidated statements of operations and comprehensive loss. Deferred revenues are expected to be recognized over the duration of certain paltusotine studies conducted by the Company.

On June 14, 2022, the Company and Sanwa, entered into a clinical supply agreement (the "Sanwa Clinical Supply Agreement") whereby the Company is responsible for manufacturing and supplying certain materials to Sanwa for specified activities under the Sanwa License. During each of the three and six months ended June 30, 2024, the Company recognized $0.1 million, respectively, of revenues from the Sanwa Clinical Supply Agreement in the accompanying condensed consolidated statements of operations and comprehensive loss. During each of the three and six months ended June 30, 2023, the Company recognized $0.4 million of revenues from the Sanwa Clinical Supply Agreement in the accompanying condensed consolidated statements of operations and comprehensive loss.

Cellular Longevity, Inc., doing business as Loyal

On March 24, 2023, the Company and Cellular Longevity Inc., doing business as Loyal ("Loyal") entered into a license agreement (the “Loyal License”) whereby the Company granted Loyal an exclusive license to develop and commercialize CRN01941, a somatostatin receptor type 2 agonist, for veterinary use. In exchange the Company received a $0.1 million nonrefundable, upfront payment and preferred stock in Loyal valued at approximately $2.0 million. The Company will also be eligible to receive certain single-digit sales-based royalties if the licensed intellectual property is approved for veterinary use.

During the three and six months ended June 30, 2024, the Company did not recognize any revenues from the Loyal License. During the three and six months ended June 30, 2023, the Company recognized zero and $2.1 million, respectively, of revenues from the Loyal License in the accompanying condensed consolidated statements of operations and comprehensive loss. As of June 30, 2024, the shares of Loyal preferred stock issued and to be issued to the Company valued at $2.0 million is included in other assets in the accompanying condensed consolidated balance sheets. The Loyal preferred stock does not have a readily determinable fair value and is recorded at cost less impairment. The Company assesses equity securities without a readily determinable fair value for changes in observable prices each period, noting none.