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Note 1 - Organization and Summary of Significant Accounting Policies
12 Months Ended
Dec. 31, 2019
Notes to Financial Statements  
Organization, Consolidation, Basis of Presentation, Business Description and Accounting Policies [Text Block]
Note
1.
Organization and Summary of Significant Accounting Policies
Organization
Parkway Acquisition Corp. (“Parkway” or the “Company”) was incorporated as a Virginia corporation on
November 2, 2015.
Parkway was formed as a business combination shell company for the purpose of completing a business combination transaction between Grayson Bankshares, Inc. (“Grayson”) and Cardinal Bankshares Corporation (“Cardinal”). On
November 
6,
2015,
Grayson, Cardinal and Parkway entered into an agreement pursuant to which Grayson and Cardinal merged with and into Parkway, with Parkway as the surviving corporation (the “Cardinal merger”). The merger agreement established exchange ratios under which each share of Grayson common stock was converted to the right to receive
1.76
shares of common stock of Parkway, while each share of Cardinal common stock was converted to the right to receive
1.30
shares of common stock of Parkway. The exchange ratios resulted in Grayson shareholders receiving approximately
60%
of the newly issued Parkway shares and Cardinal shareholders receiving approximately
40%
of the newly issued Parkway shares. The Cardinal merger was completed on
July 1, 2016.
Grayson was considered the acquiror and Cardinal was considered the acquiree in the transaction for accounting purposes. Upon completion of the Cardinal merger, the Bank of Floyd, a wholly-owned subsidiary of Cardinal, was merged with and into Grayson National Bank (the “Bank’), a wholly-owned subsidiary of Grayson. Effective
March 13, 2017,
the Bank changed its name to Skyline National Bank.     
 
On
March 1, 2018,
Parkway entered into a definitive agreement pursuant to which Parkway acquired Great State Bank (“Great State”), based in Wilkesboro, North Carolina. The agreement provided for the merger of Great State with and into the Bank, with the Bank as the surviving bank (the “Great State merger”). The transaction closed and the merger became effective on
July 1, 2018.
Each share of Great State common stock was converted into the right to receive
1.21
shares of Parkway common stock. The Company issued
1,191,899
shares and recognized
$15.5
million in surplus in the Great State merger. Parkway was considered the acquiror and Great State was considered the acquiree in the transaction for accounting purposes. Pursuant to the Great State merger, the Company acquired
$145.5
million of assets, including
$95.1
million in loans and assumed
$133.0
million in liabilities, including
$130.6
million of deposits, on
July 1, 2018.
 
The Bank was organized under the laws of the United States in
1900
and now serves the Virginia counties of Grayson, Floyd, Carroll, Wythe, Montgomery and Roanoke, and the North Carolina counties of Alleghany, Ashe, Burke, Caldwell, Catawba, Cleveland, Davie, Watauga, Wilkes, and Yadkin, and the surrounding areas through
twenty two
full-service banking offices and
three
loan production offices. As an FDIC-insured national banking association, the Bank is subject to regulation by the Comptroller of the Currency and the FDIC. Parkway is regulated by the Board of Governors of the Federal Reserve System.
 
Critical Accounting Policies
 
Management believes the policies with respect to the methodology for the determination of the allowance for loan losses, and asset impairment judgments involve a higher degree of complexity and require management to make difficult and subjective judgments, such as the recoverability of intangible assets and other-than-temporary impairment of investment securities, involve a higher degree of complexity and require management to make difficult and subjective judgements that often require assumptions or estimates about highly uncertain matters. Changes in these judgments, assumptions or estimates could cause reported results to differ materially. These critical policies and their application are periodically reviewed with the Audit Committee and the Board of Directors.
 
Principles of Consolidation
 
The consolidated financial statements include the accounts of the Company and the Bank, which is wholly owned. All significant, intercompany transactions and balances have been eliminated in consolidation.
 
Business Segments
 
The Company reports its activities as a single business segment. In determining the appropriateness of segment definition, the Company considers components of the business about which financial information is available and regularly evaluated relative to resource allocation and performance assessment.
 
Business Combinations
 
Generally, acquisitions are accounted for under the acquisition method of accounting in accordance with Financial Accounting Standards Board (“FASB”) Accounting Standards Codification (“ASC”)
805,
Business Combinations. A business combination occurs when the Company acquires net assets that constitute a business, or acquires equity interests in
one
or more other entities that are businesses and obtains control over those entities. Business combinations are effected through the transfer of consideration consisting of cash and/or common stock and are accounted for using the acquisition method. Accordingly, the assets and liabilities of the acquired entity are recorded at their respective fair values as of the closing date of the acquisition. Determining the fair value of assets and liabilities, especially the loan portfolio, is a complicated process involving significant judgment regarding methods and assumptions used to calculate estimated fair values. Fair values are subject to refinement for up to
one
year after the closing date of the acquisition as information relative to closing date fair values becomes available. The results of operations of an acquired entity are included in our consolidated results from the closing date of the merger, and prior periods are
not
restated.
No
allowance for loan losses related to the acquired loans is recorded on the acquisition date because the fair value of the loans acquired incorporates assumptions regarding future credit losses. The fair value estimates associated with the acquired loans include estimates related to expected prepayments and the amount and timing of expected principal, interest and other cash flows.
 
Use of Estimates
 
The preparation of financial statements in conformity with generally accepted accounting principles requires management to make estimates and assumptions that affect the reported amounts of assets and liabilities and disclosure of contingent assets and liabilities at the date of the financial statements and the reported amounts of revenues and expenses during the reporting period. Actual results could differ from those estimates.
 
Material estimates that are particularly susceptible to significant change relate to the determination of the allowance for loan losses and the valuation of real estate acquired in connection with foreclosures or in satisfaction of loans. In connection with the determination of the allowances for loan and foreclosed real estate losses, management obtains independent appraisals for significant properties.
 
Substantially all of the Bank’s loan portfolio consists of loans in its market area. Accordingly, the ultimate collectability of a substantial portion of the Bank’s loan portfolio and the recovery of a substantial portion of the carrying amount of foreclosed real estate are susceptible to changes in local market conditions. The regional economy is diverse, but influenced to an extent by the manufacturing and agricultural segments.
 
While management uses available information to recognize loan and foreclosed real estate losses, future additions to the allowances
may
be necessary based on changes in local economic conditions. In addition, regulatory agencies, as a part of their routine examination process, periodically review the Bank’s allowances for loan and foreclosed real estate losses. Such agencies
may
require the Bank to recognize additions to the allowances based on their judgments about information available to them at the time of their examinations. Because of these factors, it is reasonably possible that the allowances for loan and foreclosed real estate losses
may
change materially in the near term.
 
The Company seeks strategies that minimize the tax effect of implementing their business strategies. As such, judgments are made regarding the ultimate consequence of long-term tax planning strategies, including the likelihood of future recognition of deferred tax benefits. The Company’s tax returns are subject to examination by both Federal and State authorities. Such examinations
may
result in the assessment of additional taxes, interest and penalties. As a result, the ultimate outcome, and the corresponding financial statement impact, can be difficult to predict with accuracy.
 
Accounting for pension benefits, costs and related liabilities are developed using actuarial valuations. These valuations include key assumptions determined by management, including the discount rate and expected long-term rate of return on plan assets. Material changes in pension costs
may
occur in the future due to changes in these assumptions.
 
Cash and Cash Equivalents
 
For purposes of reporting cash flows, cash and cash equivalents includes cash and amounts due from banks (including cash items in process of collection), interest-bearing deposits with banks and federal funds sold.
 
Trading Securities
 
The Company does
not
hold securities for short-term resale and therefore does
not
maintain a trading securities portfolio.
 
Securities Held to Maturity
 
Bonds, notes, and debentures for which the Company has the positive intent and ability to hold to maturity are reported at cost, adjusted for premiums and discounts that are recognized in interest income using the interest method over the period to maturity. The Company does
not
currently hold any securities classified as held to maturity.
 
Securities Available for Sale
 
Available for sale securities are reported at fair value and consist of bonds, notes, debentures, and certain equity securities
not
classified as trading securities or as held to maturity securities.
 
Unrealized holding gains and losses, net of tax, on available for sale securities are reported as a net amount in a separate component of accumulated other comprehensive income. Realized gains and losses on the sale of available for sale securities are determined using the specific-identification method. Premiums and discounts are recognized in interest income using the interest method over the period to earliest call date.
 
Declines in the fair value of individual held to maturity and available for sale securities below cost that are other than temporary are reflected as write-downs of the individual securities to fair value. Related write-downs are included in earnings as realized losses.
 
Loans Receivable
 
Loans receivable that management has the intent and ability to hold for the foreseeable future or until maturity or pay-off are reported at their outstanding principal amount adjusted for any charge-offs and the allowance for loan losses. Loan origination costs are capitalized and recognized as an adjustment to yield over the life of the related loan.
 
Interest is accrued and credited to income based on the principal amount outstanding. The accrual of interest on impaired loans is discontinued when, in management’s opinion, the borrower
may
be unable to meet payments as they become due. When interest accrual is discontinued, all unpaid accrued interest is reversed. Interest income is subsequently recognized only to the extent cash payments are received. Payments received are
first
applied to principal, and any remaining funds are then applied to interest. When facts and circumstances indicate the borrower has regained the ability to meet the required payments, the loan is returned to accrual status. Past due status of loans is determined based on contractual terms.
 
Purchased Performing Loans –
The Company accounts for performing loans acquired in business combinations using the contractual cash flows method of recognizing discount accretion based on the acquired loans’ contractual cash flows. Purchased performing loans are recorded at fair value, including a credit discount. The fair value discount is accreted as an adjustment to yield over the estimated lives of the loans. There is
no
allowance for loan losses established at the acquisition date for purchased performing loans. A provision for loan losses is recorded for any further deterioration in these loans subsequent to the acquisition
 
Purchased Credit-Impaired (PCI) Loans
– Loans purchased with evidence of credit deterioration since origination, and for which it is probable that all contractually required payments will
not
be collected, are considered credit impaired. Evidence of credit quality deterioration as of the purchase date
may
include statistics such as internal risk grade and past due and nonaccrual status. Purchased impaired loans generally meet the Company’s definition for nonaccrual status. PCI loans are initially measured at fair value, which reflects estimated future credit losses expected to be incurred over the life of the loan. Accordingly, the associated allowance for credit losses related to these loans is
not
carried over at the acquisition date. Any excess of cash flows expected at acquisition over the estimated fair value is referred to as the accretable yield and is recognized into interest income over the remaining life of the loan when there is a reasonable expectation about the amount and timing of such cash flows. The difference between contractually required payments at acquisition and the cash flows expected to be collected at acquisition is referred to as the nonaccretable difference, and is available to absorb credit losses on those loans. Subsequent decreases to the expected cash flows will generally result in a provision for loan losses. Subsequent significant increases in cash flows result in a reversal of the provision for loan losses to the extent of prior charges, or a reclassification of the nonaccretable difference with a positive impact on future interest income.
 
Allowance for Loan Losses
 
The allowance for loan losses is established as losses are estimated to have occurred through a provision for loan losses charged to earnings. Loan losses are charged against the allowance when management believes the uncollectability of a loan balance, or portion thereof, is confirmed. Subsequent recoveries, if any, are credited to the allowance.
 
The allowance for loan losses is evaluated on a regular basis by management and is based upon management’s periodic review of the collectability of the loans in light of historical experience, the nature and volume of the loan portfolio, adverse situations that
may
affect the borrower’s ability to repay, estimated value of any underlying collateral and prevailing economic conditions. This evaluation is inherently subjective as it requires estimates that are susceptible to significant revision as more information becomes available.
 
The allowance consists of specific, general and unallocated components. The specific component is calculated on an individual basis for larger-balance, non-homogeneous loans, which are considered impaired. A specific allowance is established when the discounted cash flows, collateral value (less disposal costs), or observable market price of the impaired loan is lower than its carrying value. The specific component of the allowance for smaller- balance loans whose terms have been modified in a troubled debt restructuring (TDR) is calculated on a pooled basis considering historical experience adjusted for qualitative factors. The general component covers non-impaired loans and is based on historical loss experience adjusted for qualitative factors. An unallocated component is maintained to cover uncertainties that could affect management’s estimate of probable losses. The unallocated component of the allowance reflects the margin of imprecision inherent in the underlying assumptions used in the methodologies for estimating specific and general losses in the portfolio.
 
A loan is considered impaired when, based on current information and events, it is probable that we will be unable to collect the scheduled payments of principal or interest when due according to the contractual terms of the loan agreement. Factors considered by management in determining impairment include payment status, collateral value, and the probability of collecting scheduled principal and interest payments when due. Loans that experience insignificant payment delays and payment shortfalls generally are
not
classified as impaired. Management determines the significance of payment delays and payment shortfalls on a case-by-case basis, taking into consideration all of the circumstances surrounding the loan and the borrower, including the length of the delay, the reasons for the delay, the borrower’s prior payment record, and the amount of the shortfall in relation to the principal and interest owed. Impairment is measured on a loan by loan basis for all loans by either the present value of expected future cash flows discounted at the loan’s effective interest rate, the loan’s obtainable market price, or the fair value of the collateral if the loan is collateral dependent.
 
Large groups of smaller balance homogeneous loans are collectively evaluated for impairment. Accordingly, the Bank does
not
separately identify individual consumer and residential loans for impairment disclosures, unless such loans are the subject of a restructuring agreement.
 
Troubled Debt Restructurings
 
Under GAAP, the Bank is required to account for certain loan modifications or restructurings as “troubled debt restructurings” or "troubled debt restructured loans."  In general, the modification or restructuring of a debt constitutes a troubled debt restructuring if the Bank for economic or legal reasons related to the borrower’s financial difficulties grants a concession to the borrower that the Bank would
not
otherwise consider.  Debt restructuring or loan modifications for a borrower do
not
necessarily always constitute a troubled debt restructuring, however, and troubled debt restructurings do
not
necessarily result in non-accrual loans.
 
Property and Equipment
 
Land is carried at cost. Bank premises, furniture and equipment are carried at cost, less accumulated depreciation and amortization computed principally by the straight-line method over the following estimated useful lives:
 
    Years  
             
Buildings and improvements
   
10
-
40
 
Furniture and equipment
   
5
-
12
 
 
Foreclosed Assets
 
Real estate properties acquired through, or in lieu of, loan foreclosure are to be sold and are initially recorded at fair value less anticipated cost to sell at the date of foreclosure, establishing a new cost basis. After foreclosure, valuations are periodically performed by management and the real estate is carried at the lower of carrying amount or fair value less cost to sell. Revenue and expenses from operations and changes in the valuation allowance are included in foreclosure expense on the consolidated statements of income.
 
Pension Plan
 
Prior to the Cardinal merger, both Grayson National Bank (Grayson) and Bank of Floyd (Floyd) had qualified noncontributory defined benefit pension plans in place which covered substantially all of each bank’s employees. The benefits in each plan are primarily based on years of service and earnings. Both Grayson and Floyd plans were amended to freeze benefit accruals for all eligible employees prior to the effective date of the Cardinal merger. Grayson’s plan is a single-employer plan, the funded status of which is measured as the difference between the fair value of plan assets and the projected benefit obligation. Floyd’s plan is a multi-employer plan for accounting purposes and is a multiple-employer plan under the Employee Retirement Income Security Act of
1974
and the Internal Revenue Code.
 
Transfers of Financial Assets
 
Transfers of financial assets are accounted for as sales, when control over the assets has been surrendered. Control over transferred assets is deemed to be surrendered when (
1
) the assets have been isolated from the Bank; (
2
) the transferee obtains the right (free of conditions that constrain it from taking advantage of that right) to pledge or exchange the transferred assets; and (
3
) the Bank does
not
maintain effective control over the transferred assets through an agreement to repurchase them before their maturity or the ability to unilaterally cause the holder to return specific assets.
 
Goodwill and Other Intangible
A
ssets
 
Goodwill arises from business combinations and is generally determined as the excess of fair value of the consideration transferred, plus the fair value of any noncontrolling interests in the acquire, over the fair value of the nets assets acquired and liabilities assumed as of the acquisition date. Goodwill and intangible assets acquired in a purchase business combination and determined to have an indefinite useful life are
not
amortized, but tested for impairment at least annually or more frequently in events and circumstances exists that indicate that a goodwill impairment test should be performed. The Company has selected
July 1
as the date to perform the annual impairment test. The annual impairment test was performed for
July 1, 2019,
with
no
impairment found on the goodwill. Intangible assets with definite useful lives are amortized over their estimated useful lives to their estimated residual values. Goodwill is the only intangible asset with an indefinite life on our balance sheet.
 
Other intangible assets consist of core deposit intangibles that represent the value of long-term deposit relationships acquired in a business combination. Core deposit intangibles are amortized over the estimated useful lives of the deposit accounts acquired. The core deposit intangible as a result of the Cardinal merger, is amortized over an estimated useful life of
twenty
years on an accelerated basis. For the core deposit intangible as a result of the Great State merger, we used an estimated useful life of
seven
years on an accelerated basis for the amortization.
 
Revenue Recognition
 
On
January 1, 2018,
we adopted the requirements of Accounting Standards Update (“ASU”)
2014
-
9,
Revenue from Contracts with Customers (“ASU Topic
606”
)
. The Company completed its overall assessment of revenue streams and review of related contracts potentially affected by the ASU, including deposit related fees, interchange fees, merchant income, and annuity and insurance commissions. Based on this assessment, the Company concluded that ASU
2014
-
09
did
not
materially change the method in which the Company currently recognizes revenue for these revenue streams. The Company also completed its evaluation of certain costs related to these revenue streams to determine whether such costs should be presented as expenses or contra-revenue (i.e., gross vs. net). Based on its evaluation, the Company determined that ASU
2014
-
09
did
not
materially change the method in which the Company currently classifies certain costs associated with the related revenue streams. The Company adopted ASU
2014
-
09
and its related amendments on its required effective date of
January 1, 2018
utilizing the modified retrospective approach. Since there was
no
net income impact upon adoption of the new guidance, a cumulative effect adjustment to opening retained earnings was
not
deemed necessary. Noninterest revenue streams in-scope of Topic
606
are discussed below.
 
Service Charges on Deposit Accounts -
Service charges on deposit accounts consist of monthly service fees, overdraft and nonsufficient funds fees, ATM fees, wire transfer fees and other deposit account related fees. The Company’s performance obligation for monthly service fees is generally satisfied, and the related revenue recognized, over the period in which the service is provided. Payment for service charges on deposit accounts is primarily received immediately or in the following month through a direct charge to customers’ accounts. ATM fees are primarily generated when a Company cardholder uses a non-Company ATM or a non-Company cardholder uses a Company ATM. Wire transfer fees, overdraft and nonsufficient funds fees, and other deposit account related fees are transactional based, and therefore, the Company’s performance obligation is satisfied, and related revenue recognized, at a point in time.
 
Other Service Charges and Fees - O
ther service charges include safety deposit box rental fees, check ordering charges, and other service charges. Safe deposit box rental fees are charged to the customer on an annual basis and recognized upon receipt of payment. The Company determined that since rentals and renewals occur fairly consistently over time, revenue is recognized on a basis consistent with the duration of the performance obligation. Check ordering charges are transactional based, and therefore, the Company’s performance obligation is satisfied, and related revenue recognized, at a point in time.
 
Credit and Debit Card Fees
-
Credit and debit card fees are primarily comprised of interchange fee income and merchant services income. Interchange fees are earned whenever the Company’s debit and credit cards are processed through card payment networks such as Visa or Mastercard. Merchant services income mainly represents fees charged to merchants to process their debit and credit card transactions, in addition to account management fees. The Company’s performance obligation for interchange fee income and merchant services income are largely satisfied, and related revenue recognized, when the services are rendered or upon completion. Payment is typically received immediately or in the following month.
 
Insurance and Investment -
Insurance income primarily consists of commissions received on insurance product sales. The Company acts as an intermediary between the Company’s customer and the insurance carrier. The Company’s performance obligation is generally satisfied upon the issuance of the insurance policy. Shortly after the insurance policy is issued, the carrier remits the commission payment to the Company, and the Company recognizes the revenue. Investment income consists of recurring revenue streams such as commissions from sales of mutual funds and other investments. Commissions from the sale of mutual funds and other investments are recognized on trade date, which is when the Company has satisfied its performance obligation. The Company also receives periodic service fees (i.e., trailers) from mutual fund companies typically based on a percentage of net asset value. Trailer revenue is recorded over time, usually monthly or quarterly, as net asset value is determined.
 
Income Taxes
 
Provision for income taxes is based on amounts reported in the statements of income (after exclusion of non-taxable income such as interest on state and municipal securities) and consists of taxes currently due plus deferred taxes on temporary differences in the recognition of income and expense for tax and financial statement purposes. Deferred tax assets and liabilities are included in the financial statements at currently enacted income tax rates applicable to the period in which the deferred tax assets or liabilities are expected to be realized or settled. As changes in tax laws or rates are enacted, deferred tax assets and liabilities are adjusted through the provision for income taxes.
 
Deferred income tax expense results from changes in deferred tax assets and liabilities between periods. Deferred tax assets are recognized if it is more likely than
not,
based on the technical merits, that the tax position will be realized or sustained upon examination. The term more likely than
not
means a likelihood of more than
50
percent; the terms examined and upon examination also include resolution of the related appeals or litigation processes, if any. A tax position that meets the more likely than
not
recognition threshold is initially and subsequently measured as the largest amount of tax benefit that has a greater than
50
percent likelihood of being realized upon settlement with a taxing authority that has full knowledge of all relevant information. The determination of whether or
not
a tax position has met the more likely than
not
recognition threshold considers the facts, circumstances, and information available at the reporting date and is subject to management’s judgment. Deferred tax assets are reduced by a valuation allowance if, based on the weight of evidence available, it is more likely than
not
that some portion or all of a deferred tax asset will
not
be realized.
 
Comprehensive Income
 
Comprehensive income consists of net income and other comprehensive income (loss). Other comprehensive income (loss) includes unrealized gains and losses on securities available for sale and changes in the funded status of the pension plan which are also recognized as separate components of equity. The accumulated balances related to each component of other comprehensive income (loss) are as follows:
 
(dollars in thousands)
 
Unrealized Gains
And Losses
On Available for
Sale Securities
   
 
 
Defined Benefit
Pension Items
   
 
 
 
Total
 
                         
Balance, December 31, 201
7
  $
(523
)   $
(987
)   $
(1,510
)
Other comprehensive income (loss) before reclassifications
   
(402
)    
(51
)    
(453
)
Amounts reclassified from accumulated other comprehensive loss
   
(4
)    
-
     
(4
)
Balance, December 31, 201
8
  $
(929
)   $
(1,038
)   $
(1,967
)
                         
Balance, December 31, 201
8
  $
(929
)   $
(1,038
)   $
(1,967
)
Other comprehensive income (loss) before Reclassifications
   
1,019
     
63
     
1,082
 
Amounts reclassified from accumulated other comprehensive loss
   
(39
)    
-
     
(39
)
Balance, December 31, 201
9
  $
51
    $
(975
)   $
(924
)
 
Advertising Expense
 
The Company expenses advertising costs as they are incurred. Advertising expense for the years ended
December 31, 2019
and
2018
amounted to
$603
thousand and
$569
thousand, respectively.
 
Basic Earnings per Share
 
Basic earnings per share is computed by dividing income available to common stockholders by the weighted average number of common shares outstanding during the period, after giving retroactive effect to stock splits and dividends.
 
Off-Balance Sheet Credit Related Financial Instruments
 
In the ordinary course of business, the Company has entered into commitments to extend credit, including commitments under line of credit arrangements, commercial letters of credit, and standby letters of credit. Such financial instruments are recorded when they are funded.
 
Fair Value of Financial Instruments
 
Fair values of financial instruments are estimated using relevant market information and other assumptions, as more fully disclosed in Note
14.
Fair value estimates involve uncertainties and matters of significant judgment. Changes in assumptions or in market conditions could significantly affect the estimates.
 
Reclassification
 
Certain reclassifications have been made to the prior years’ financial statements to place them on a comparable basis with the current presentation. Net income and stockholders’ equity previously reported were
not
affected by these reclassifications.
 
Recent Accounting Pronouncements
The following accounting standards
may
affect the future financial reporting by the Company:
 
In
February 2016,
the FASB amended the Leases topic of the Accounting Standards Codification to revise certain aspects of recognition, measurement, presentation, and disclosure of leasing transactions. The amendments were effective for fiscal years beginning after
December 15, 2018,
including interim periods within those fiscal years.
 
Effective
January 1, 2019,
we adopted the guidance using the modified retrospective method and practical expedients for transition. The practical expedients allow us to largely account for our existing leases consistent with current guidance except for the incremental balance sheet recognition for lessees. We have performed an evaluation of our leasing contracts and activities. We have developed our methodology to estimate the right-of use assets and lease liabilities, which is based on the present value of lease payments. There will
not
be a material change to the timing of expense recognition. See additional discussion of leases in Note
10
to the consolidated financial statements.
 
In
June 2016,
the FASB issued Accounting Standards Update (“ASU”)
No.
2016
-
13
to change the accounting for credit losses and modify the impairment model for certain debt securities. The Company will apply the amendments to the ASU through a cumulative-effect adjustment to retained earnings as of the beginning of the year of adoption. We are currently evaluating the impact of the ASU on our consolidated financial statements. We expect the ASU will result in an increase in the recorded allowance for loan losses given the change to estimated losses over the contractual life of the loans adjusted for expected prepayments. The majority of the increase results from longer duration portfolios. In addition to our allowance for loan losses, we will also record an allowance for credit losses on debt securities instead of applying the impairment model currently utilized. The amount of the adjustments will be impacted by each portfolio’s composition and credit quality at the adoption date as well as economic conditions and forecasts at that time. In
July 2019,
the FASB proposed changes to the effective date of the ASU for smaller reporting companies, as defined by the SEC, and other non-SEC reporting entities. The proposal delayed the effective date to fiscal years beginning after
December 31, 2022,
including interim periods within those fiscal periods. As the Company is a smaller reporting company, the proposed delay would be applicable to the Company, if it is approved by the FASB. On
October 16, 2019
the proposed changes were approved by the FASB.
 
In
November 2019,
the FASB issued guidance that addresses issues raised by stakeholders during the implementation of ASU
2016
-
13,
Financial Instruments—Credit Losses (Topic
326
): Measurement of Credit Losses on Financial Instruments
. The amendments affect a variety of Topics in the Accounting Standards Codification. For entities that have
not
yet adopted the amendments in ASU
2016
-
13,
the amendments are effective for fiscal years beginning after
December 15, 2022,
including interim periods within those fiscal. Early adoption is permitted in any interim period as long as an entity has adopted the amendments in ASU
2016
-
13.
The Company does
not
expect these amendments to have a material effect on its financial statements.
 
In
January 2017,
the FASB amended the Goodwill and Other Topic of the Accounting Standards Codification to simplify the accounting for goodwill impairment for public business entities and other entities that have goodwill reported in their financial statements and have
not
elected the private company alternative for the subsequent measurement of goodwill. The amendment removes Step
2
of the goodwill impairment test. A goodwill impairment will now be the amount by which a reporting unit’s carrying value exceeds its fair value,
not
to exceed the carrying amount of goodwill. The effective date and transition requirements for the technical corrections will be effective for the Company for reporting periods beginning after
December 15, 2019
.
Early adoption is permitted for interim or annual goodwill impairment tests performed on testing dates after
January 1, 2017.
The Company does
not
expect these amendments to have a material effect on its financial statements.
 
In
August 2018,
the FASB amended the Intangibles—Goodwill and Other Topic of the Accounting Standards Codification to align the requirements for capitalizing implementation costs incurred in a hosting arrangement that is a service contract with the requirements for capitalizing implementation costs incurred to develop or obtain internal-use software. The amendments will be effective for the Company for fiscal years beginning after
December 15, 2019.
Early adoption is permitted. The Company does
not
expect these amendments to have a material effect on its financial statements.
 
In
August 2018,
the FASB amended the Fair Value Measurement Topic of the Accounting Standards Codification. The amendments remove, modify, and add certain fair value disclosure requirements based on the concepts in the FASB Concepts Statement,
Conceptual Framework for Financial Reporting—Chapter
8:
Notes to Financial Statements
. The amendments are effective for all entities for fiscal years, and interim periods within those fiscal years, beginning after
December 15, 2019.
Early adoption is permitted. An entity is permitted to early adopt any removed or modified disclosures upon issuance of this ASU and delay adoption of the additional disclosures until their effective date. The Company does
not
expect these amendments to have a material effect on its financial statements.
 
In
March 2019,
the FASB issued guidance to address concerns companies had raised about an accounting exception they would lose when assessing the fair value of underlying assets under the leases standard and clarify that lessees and lessors are exempt from a certain interim disclosure requirement associated with adopting the new standard. The amendments will be effective for the Company for reporting periods beginning after
December 15, 2019
.
Early adoption is permitted. The Company does
not
expect these amendments to have a material effect on its financial statements.
 
In
April 2019,
the FASB issued guidance that clarifies and improves areas of guidance related to the recently issued standards on credit losses, hedging, and recognition and measurement of financial instruments. The amendments related to credit losses will be effective for the Company for reporting periods beginning after
December 15, 2019.
The amendments related to hedging will be effective for the Company for annual periods beginning after
December 15, 2019,
and interim periods within annual reporting periods beginning after
December 15, 2020.
The amendments related to recognition and measurement of financial instruments will be effective for the Company for fiscal years beginning after
December 15, 2019,
including interim periods within those fiscal years. The Company does
not
expect these amendments to have a material effect on its financial statements.
 
In
May 2019,
the FASB issued guidance to provide entities with an option to irrevocably elect the fair value option, applied on an instrument-by-instrument basis for eligible instruments, upon adoption of ASU
2016
-
13,
Measurement of Credit Losses on Financial Instruments. The amendments will be effective for the Company for reporting periods beginning after
December 15, 2022.
The Company does
not
expect these amendments to have a material effect on its financial statements.
 
In
July 2019,
the FASB updated various Topics of the Accounting Standards Codification to align the guidance in various SEC sections of the Codification with the requirements of certain SEC final rules. The amendments were effective upon issuance and did
not
have a material effect on the financial statements.
 
In
November 2019,
the FASB issued guidance to defer the effective dates for private companies,
not
-for-profit organizations, and certain smaller reporting companies applying standards on current expected credit losses (“CECL”). Since the Company is a smaller reporting company, the new effect date for CECL will be fiscal years beginning after
December 15, 2022,
including interim periods within those fiscal years.
 
In
December 2019,
the FASB issued guidance to simplify accounting for income taxes by removing specific technical exceptions that often produce information investors have a hard time understanding. The amendments also improve consistent application of and simplify GAAP for other areas of Topic
740
by clarifying and amending existing guidance. The amendments are effective for fiscal years beginning after
December 15, 2020,
including interim periods within those fiscal years. Early adoption is permitted. The Company does
not
expect these amendments to have a material effect on its financial statements.
 
Other accounting standards that have been issued or proposed by the FASB or other standards-setting bodies are
not
expected to have a material impact on the Company’s consolidated financial position, results of operations or cash flows.