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Note 20 - Regulatory Restrictions
12 Months Ended
Dec. 31, 2019
Notes to Financial Statements  
Regulatory Capital Requirements under Banking Regulations [Text Block]
Note
20.
Regulatory Restrictions
 
Dividends
 
The Company’s dividend payments are generally made from dividends received from the Bank. Under applicable federal law, the Comptroller of the Currency restricts national bank total dividend payments in any calendar year to net profits of that year, as defined, combined with retained net profits for the
two
preceding years. The Comptroller also has authority under the Financial Institutions Supervisory Act to prohibit a national bank from engaging in an unsafe or unsound practice in conducting its business. It is possible, under certain circumstances, the Comptroller could assert that dividends or other payments would be an unsafe or unsound practice.
 
Intercompany Transactions
 
The Bank’s legal lending limit on loans to the Company is governed by Federal Reserve Act
23A,
and differs from legal lending limits on loans to external customers. Generally, a bank
may
lend up to
10
percent of its capital and surplus to its Parent, if the loan is secured. If collateral is in the form of stocks, bonds, debentures or similar obligations, it must have a market value when the loan is made of at least
20
percent more than the amount of the loan, and if obligations of a state or political subdivision or agency thereof, it must have a market value of at least
10
percent more than the amount of the loan. If such loans are secured by obligations of the United States or agencies thereof, or by notes, drafts, bills of exchange or bankers’ acceptances eligible for rediscount or purchase by a Federal Reserve Bank, requirements for collateral in excess of the loan amount do
not
apply. Under this definition, the legal lending limit for the Bank on loans to the Company was approximately
$7.9
million at
December 31, 2019.
No
23A
transactions were deemed to exist between the Company and the Bank at
December 31, 2019.
 
Capital Requirements
 
The Bank is subject to various regulatory capital requirements administered by federal and state banking agencies. Failure to meet minimum capital requirements can initiate certain mandatory - and possibly additional discretionary - actions by regulators that, if undertaken, could have a direct material effect on the Bank's financial statements. Under capital adequacy guidelines and the regulatory framework for prompt corrective action, the Bank must meet specific capital guidelines that involve quantitative measures of the Bank's assets, liabilities, and certain off-balance sheet items as calculated under regulatory accounting practices. The Bank's capital amounts and classification are also subject to qualitative judgments by the regulators about components, risk weightings and other factors.
 
Effective
January 1, 2015,
the federal banking regulators adopted rules to implement the Basel III regulatory capital reforms from the Basel Committee on Banking Supervision and certain provisions of the Dodd-Frank Act. The final rules required the Bank to comply with the following minimum capital ratios: (i) a common equity Tier
1
capital ratio of
4.5%
of risk-weighted assets; (ii) a Tier
1
capital ratio of
6%
of risk-weighted assets; (iii) a total capital ratio of
8%
of risk-weighted assets; and (iv) a leverage ratio of
4%
of total assets.  As fully phased in on
January 1, 2019,
the rules require the Bank to maintain (i) a minimum ratio of common equity Tier
1
to risk-weighted assets of at least
4.5%,
plus a
2.5%
“capital conservation buffer” (which is added to the
4.5%
common equity Tier
1
ratio, effectively resulting in a minimum ratio of common equity Tier
1
to risk-weighted assets of at least
7%
upon full implementation), (ii) a minimum ratio of Tier
1
capital to risk-weighted assets of at least
6.0%,
plus the
2.5%
capital conservation buffer (which is added to the
6.0%
Tier
1
capital ratio, effectively resulting in a minimum Tier
1
capital ratio of
8.5%
upon full implementation), (iii) a minimum ratio of total capital to risk-weighted assets of at least
8.0%,
plus the
2.5%
capital conservation buffer (which is added to the
8.0%
total capital ratio, effectively resulting in a minimum total capital ratio of
10.5%
upon full implementation), and (iv) a minimum leverage ratio of
4%,
calculated as the ratio of Tier
1
capital to average assets.
 
Under Basel III Capital requirements, a capital conservation buffer of
0.625%
became effective beginning on
January 1, 2016.
The capital conservation buffer was gradually increased through
January 1, 2019
to
2.50%.
The capital conservation buffer is designed to absorb losses during periods of economic stress. Banks are now required to maintain levels that meet the required minimum plus the capital conservation buffer in order to make distributions, such as dividends, or discretionary bonus payments. The Banks’s capital conservation buffer is
5.53%
as of
December 31, 2019.
 
The rules also revised the prompt corrective action framework, which is designed to place restrictions on insured depository institutions if their capital levels begin to show signs of weakness. Under the prompt corrective action requirements, which are designed to complement the capital conservation buffer, insured depository institutions are required to meet the following capital level requirements in order to qualify as “well capitalized:” a common equity Tier
1
capital ratio of
6.5%;
a Tier
1
capital ratio of
8%;
a total capital ratio of
10%;
and a Tier
1
leverage ratio of
5%.
 
The Company meets eligibility criteria of a small bank holding company in accordance with the Federal Reserve Board’s Small Bank Holding Company Policy Statement, and is
not
obligated to report consolidated regulatory capital.  The Bank’s actual capital amounts and ratios are presented in the following table as of
December 31, 2019
and
2018.
  These ratios comply with Federal Reserve rules to align with the Basel III Capital requirements effective
January 1, 2015.
 
   
 
Actual
   
For Capital
Adequacy Purposes
   
To Be Well-
Capitalized
 
   
Amount
   
Ratio
   
Amount
   
Ratio
   
Amount
   
Ratio
 
December 31, 2019
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Total Capital (to risk weighted assets)
  $
78,652
     
13.53
%   $
46,499
     
8.00
%   $
58,124
     
10.00
%
Tier 1 Capital (to risk weighted assets)
  $
74,726
     
12.86
%   $
34,874
     
6.00
%   $
46,499
     
8.00
%
Common Equity Tier 1 (to risk weighted assets)
  $
74,726
     
12.86
%   $
26,156
     
4.50
%   $
37,780
     
6.50
%
Tier 1 Capital (to average total assets)
  $
74,726
     
10.80
%   $
27,680
     
4.00
%   $
34,599
     
5.00
%
                                                 
December 31, 2018
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Total Capital (to risk weighted assets)
  $
71,424
     
13.00
%   $
43,943
     
8.00
%   $
54,929
     
10.00
%
Tier 1 Capital (to risk weighted assets)
  $
67,899
     
12.36
%   $
32,958
     
6.00
%   $
43,943
     
8.00
%
Common Equity Tier 1 (to risk weighted assets)
  $
67,899
     
12.36
%   $
24,718
     
4.50
%   $
35,704
     
6.50
%
Tier 1 Capital (to average total assets)
  $
67,899
     
10.08
%   $
26,932
     
4.00
%   $
33,664
     
5.00
%
 
On
September 17, 2019
the Federal Deposit Insurance Corporation finalized a rule that introduces an optional simplified measure of capital adequacy for qualifying community banking organizations (i.e., the community bank leverage ratio (“CBLR”) framework, as required by the Economic Growth, Regulatory Relief and Consumer Protection Act. The CBLR framework is designed to reduce burden by removing the requirements for calculating and reporting risk-based capital ratios for qualifying community banking organizations that opt into the framework.
 
In order to qualify for the CBLR framework, a community banking organization must have a Tier
1
leverage ratio of greater than
9.00%,
less than
$10.0
billion in total consolidated assets, and limited amounts of off-balance sheet exposures and trading assets and liabilities. A qualifying community banking organization that opts into the CBLR framework and meets all requirements under the framework will be considered to have met the well-capitalized ratio requirements under the prompt corrective action regulations and will
not
be required to report or calculated risk-based capital.
 
The CBLR framework will be available for banks to use in their
March 31, 2020,
Call Report. The Company expects to be able to opt into the CBLR framework for the Bank.