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Summary of Significant Accounting Policies
3 Months Ended
Mar. 31, 2017
Accounting Policies [Abstract]  
Summary of Significant Accounting Policies
SUMMARY OF SIGNIFICANT ACCOUNTING POLICIES
Basis of presentation. The accompanying condensed combined and consolidated financial statements have been prepared in accordance with U.S. generally accepted accounting principles (“U.S. GAAP”) for interim financial information set forth in the Accounting Standards Codification (“ASC”), as published by the Financial Accounting Standards Board (“FASB”), and with the applicable rules and regulations of the Securities and Exchange Commission (“SEC”). Accordingly, they do not include all of the information and footnotes required by U.S. GAAP for complete financial statements. All adjustments (consisting of normal recurring accruals) considered necessary for a fair statement of results for the interim period have been included.
For periods prior to the IPO Date, the accompanying condensed combined and consolidated financial statements of MGP represent the IPO Properties, which were controlled by MGM, and have been determined to be MGP’s Predecessor for accounting purposes (the “Predecessor”). The accompanying condensed combined and consolidated financial statements include Predecessor financial statements that have been “carved out” of MGM’s consolidated financial statements and reflect significant assumptions and allocations. The financial statements do not fully reflect what the Predecessor’s results of operations, financial position and cash flows would have been if the Predecessor had been a stand-alone company during the periods presented. As a result, historical financial information is not necessarily indicative of MGP’s future results of operations, financial position and cash flows.

For periods subsequent to the IPO Date, the accompanying combined and consolidated financial statements of MGP represent the results of operations, financial positions and cash flows of MGP and the Operating Partnership, including their respective subsidiaries. The accompanying combined and consolidated financial statements of the Operating Partnership represent the results of operation, financial positions, and cash flows of the Operating Partnership including its subsidiaries.
The accompanying condensed combined and consolidated financial statements and related notes should be read in conjunction with the audited financial statements and notes thereto included in the Company's most recent Annual Report on Form 10-K.
Principles of consolidation. The Company identifies entities for which control is achieved through means other than voting rights and to determine which business enterprise is the primary beneficiary of variable interest entities (“VIEs”). A VIE is an entity in which either (i) the equity investors as a group, if any, lack the power through voting or similar rights to direct the activities of such entity that most significantly impact such entity’s economic performance or (ii) the equity investment at risk is insufficient to finance that entity’s activities without additional subordinated financial support. The Company identifies the primary beneficiary of a VIE as the enterprise that has both of the following characteristics: (i) the power to direct the activities of the VIE that most significantly impact the entity’s economic performance; and (ii) the obligation to absorb losses or receive benefits of the VIE that could potentially be significant to the entity. The Company consolidates its investment in a VIE when it determines that it is its primary beneficiary. The Company may change its original assessment of a VIE upon subsequent events such as the modification of contractual arrangements that affect the characteristics or adequacy of the entity’s equity investments at risk and the disposition of all or a portion of an interest held by the primary beneficiary. The Company performs this analysis on an ongoing basis. The condensed combined and consolidated financial statements include the accounts of the Operating Partnership, a VIE of which the Company is the primary beneficiary, as well as its wholly owned and majority-owned subsidiaries. The Company’s maximum exposure to loss is the carrying value of the assets and liabilities of the Operating Partnership, which represents all of the Company’s assets and liabilities. As the Company holds what is deemed a majority voting interest in the Operating Partnership through its ownership of the Operating Partnership’s sole general partner, it qualifies for the exemption from providing certain of the required disclosures associated with investments in VIEs.
For entities not determined to be VIEs, the Company consolidates such entities in which the Company owns 100% of the equity. For entities in which the Company owns less than 100% of the equity interest, the Company consolidates the entity if it has the direct or indirect ability to control the entities’ activities based upon the terms of the respective entities’ ownership agreements. For these entities, the Company records a noncontrolling interest on the condensed consolidated balance sheets. All intercompany balances and transactions are eliminated in consolidation.
Noncontrolling interest. The Company presents noncontrolling interest and classifies such interest as a component of consolidated shareholders’ equity, separate from the Company’s Class A shareholders’ equity. Noncontrolling interest in the Company represents Operating Partnership units currently held by subsidiaries of MGM. Net income or loss of the Operating Partnership is allocated to its noncontrolling interest based on the noncontrolling interest’s ownership percentage in the Operating Partnership except for income tax expenses. Ownership percentage is calculated by dividing the number of Operating Partnership units held by the noncontrolling interest by the total Operating Partnership units held by the noncontrolling interest and the Company. Issuance of additional Class A shares and Operating Partnership units changes the ownership interests of both the noncontrolling interest and the Company. Such transactions and the related proceeds are treated as capital transactions.
MGM may tender its Operating Partnership units for redemption by the Operating Partnership in exchange for cash equal to the market price of MGP’s Class A shares at the time of redemption or for unregistered Class A shares on a one-for-one basis. Such selection to pay cash or issue Class A shares to satisfy an Operating Partnership unitholder’s redemption request is solely within the control of MGP’s independent conflicts committee.
Use of estimates. The preparation of financial statements in conformity with U.S. GAAP requires management to make estimates and assumptions. These estimates and assumptions affect the reported amounts of assets and liabilities and the disclosure of contingent assets and liabilities at the date of the financial statements and the reported amounts of revenues and expenses during the reporting periods. The Company’s most significant assumptions and estimates relate to the useful lives of real estate assets, real estate impairment assessments. These estimates are based on historical experience and other assumptions which management believes are reasonable under the circumstances. Management evaluates its estimates on an ongoing basis and makes revisions to these estimates and related disclosures as experience develops or new information becomes known. Actual results could differ from these estimates.
Real estate investments. Real estate investments consist of land, buildings, improvements and integral equipment. Because the Formation Transactions and the Borgata Transaction (as defined below) represent transactions between entities under common control, such real estate was initially recorded by the Company at MGM’s historical cost basis, less accumulated depreciation (i.e., there was no change in the basis of the contributed assets), as of the IPO Date and the date of the consummation of the Borgata Transaction, respectively. Costs of maintenance and repairs to real estate investments are the responsibility of the Tenant under the Master Lease.
Although the Tenant is responsible for all capital expenditures during the term of the Master Lease, if, in the future, a deconsolidation event occurs, the Company will be required to pay the Tenant, should the Tenant so elect, for certain capital improvements that would not constitute “normal tenant improvements” in accordance with U.S. GAAP (“Non-Normal Tenant Improvements”), subject to an initial cap of $100 million in the first year of the Master Lease increasing annually by $75 million each year thereafter. The Company will be entitled to receive additional rent based on the 10-year Treasury yield plus 600 basis points multiplied by the value of the new capital improvements the Company is required to pay for in connection with a deconsolidation event and such capital improvements will be subject to the terms of the Master Lease. Examples of Non-Normal Tenant Improvements include the costs of structural elements at the properties, including capital improvements that expand the footprint or square footage of any of the properties or extend the useful life of the properties, as well as equipment that would be a necessary improvement at any of the properties, including initial installation of elevators, air conditioning systems or electrical wiring. Such Non-Normal Tenant Improvements are capitalized and depreciated over the asset’s remaining life. Non-Normal Tenant Improvements were $80.9 million as of March 31, 2017.
In accordance with accounting standards governing the impairment or disposal of long-lived assets, the carrying value of long-lived assets, including land, buildings and improvements, land improvements and integral equipment is evaluated whenever events or changes in circumstances indicate that a potential impairment has occurred relative to a given asset or assets. Factors that could result in an impairment review include, but are not limited to, a current period cash flow loss combined with a history of cash flow losses, current cash flows that may be insufficient to recover the investment in the property over the remaining useful life, a projection that demonstrates continuing losses associated with the use of a long-lived asset, significant changes in the manner of use of the assets or significant changes in business strategies. If such circumstances arise, the Company uses an estimate of the undiscounted value of expected future operating cash flows to determine whether the long-lived assets are impaired. If the aggregate undiscounted cash flows plus net proceeds expected from disposition of the asset (if any) are less than the carrying amount of the assets, the resulting impairment charge to be recorded is calculated based on the excess of the carrying value of the assets over the fair value of such assets, with the fair value determined based on an estimate of discounted future cash flows, appraisals or other valuation techniques. There were no impairment charges related to long-lived assets recognized during the three months ended March 31, 2017 or 2016.
Cash and cash equivalents. Cash and cash equivalents include investments and interest bearing instruments with maturities of 90 days or less at the date of acquisition. Such investments are carried at cost, which approximates market value.
Deferred revenue. The Company receives nonmonetary consideration related to Non-Normal Tenant Improvements as they automatically become MGP’s property, and recognizes the cost basis of Non-Normal Tenant Improvements as real estate investments and deferred revenue. The Company depreciates the real estate investments over their estimated useful lives and amortizes the deferred revenue as additional rental revenue over the remaining term of the Master Lease once the related real estate assets are placed in service.
Revenue recognition. Rental revenue under the Master Lease is recognized on a straight-line basis over the non-cancelable term and reasonably assured renewal periods, which includes the initial lease term of 10 years and all four additional five-year terms under the Master Lease, for all contractual revenues that are determined to be fixed and measurable. The difference between such rental revenue earned and the cash rent due under the provisions of the Master Lease is recorded as deferred rent receivable and included as a component of prepaid expenses and other assets, or as deferred revenue if cash rent due exceeds rental revenue earned.
Property tax reimbursements from Tenant arise from the triple-net structure of the Master Lease which provides for the recovery of property taxes, which are paid by the Company on behalf of the Tenant. This revenue is recognized in the same periods as the expense is incurred.
Depreciation and property transactions. Depreciation expense is recognized over the useful lives of real estate applying the straight-line method. Useful lives are periodically reviewed. Leased real estate and leasehold improvements are depreciated on a straight-line basis over the following estimated useful lives:
Buildings and building improvements
20 to 40 years
Land improvements
10 to 20 years
Fixtures and integral equipment
3 to 20 years

Property transactions, net are comprised of transactions related to long-lived assets, such as normal losses on the disposition of assets.
General and administrative. General and administrative expenses include the salaries and benefits of employees and external consulting costs. In addition, pursuant to a corporate services agreement entered into on the IPO Date between the Operating Partnership and MGM (the “Corporate Services Agreement”), MGM provides the Operating Partnership and its subsidiaries with financial, administrative and operational support services, including accounting and finance support, human resources support, legal and regulatory compliance support, insurance advisory services, internal audit services, governmental affairs monitoring and reporting services, information technology support, construction services and various other support services. MGM is reimbursed for all costs it incurs directly related to providing the services thereunder. The Operating Partnership incurred expenses pursuant to the Corporate Services Agreement for the three-month period ending March 31, 2017 of $0.4 million.
Share-based compensation. The Company recognizes share-based compensation awards as compensation expense and includes such expense within general and administrative expense in the condensed combined and consolidated statement of operations. Compensation expense, net of estimated forfeitures, for restricted share unit awards is based on the fair value of MGP’s Class A shares at the date of grant and is generally recognized ratably over the vesting period. For ratable awards, the Company recognized compensation costs for all grants on a straight-line basis over the requisite service period of the entire award. Compensation expense for performance share unit awards, which have market conditions, is based on a Monte Carlo simulation at the date of grant and is generally recognized ratably over the vesting period.
Income tax provision. For interim income tax reporting the Company estimates its annual effective tax rate and applies it to its year-to-date ordinary income. The tax effects of unusual or infrequently occurring items, including changes in judgment about valuation allowances and effects of changes in tax laws or rates, are reported in the interim period in which they occur. The Company’s effective income tax rate was 2.6% for the three months ended March 31, 2017.

The Company accounts for income taxes under the asset and liability method, which requires the recognition of deferred tax assets and liabilities for the expected future tax consequences of events that have been included in the financial statements. Under this method, the Company determines deferred tax assets and liabilities on the basis of the differences between the financial statement and tax bases of assets and liabilities by using enacted tax rates in effect for the year in which the differences are expected to reverse. The effect of a change in tax rates on deferred tax assets and liabilities is recognized in income in the period that includes the enactment date.
The Company will elect to be treated as a REIT as defined under Section 856(a) of the Internal Revenue Code of 1986, as amended (the “Code”), commencing with its taxable year ended December 31, 2016. To qualify as a REIT, the Company must meet certain organizational, income, asset and distribution tests. Accordingly, except as described below, the Company will generally not be subject to corporate U.S. federal or state income tax to the extent that it makes qualifying distributions of all of its taxable income to its shareholders and provided it satisfies on a continuing basis, through actual investment and operating results, the REIT requirements, including certain asset, income, distribution and share ownership tests. U.S. federal income tax law generally requires that a REIT distribute annually at least 90% of its REIT taxable income, without regard to the deduction for dividends paid and excluding net capital gains, and that it pay taxes at regular corporate income tax rates to the extent that it annually distributes less than 100% of its taxable income. The Company distributed 100% of its taxable income in the taxable year ended December 31, 2016 and anticipates that it will do so again in the taxable year ending December 31, 2017. Accordingly, for periods subsequent to the IPO Date, the accompanying condensed combined and consolidated financial statements do not reflect a provision for federal income taxes. However, the Company may still be subject to federal excise tax, as well as certain state and local income and franchise taxes.
The Landlord is required to join in the filing of a New Jersey consolidated corporation business tax return under the New Jersey Casino Control Act and include in such return its income and expenses associated with its New Jersey assets and is thus subject to an entity level tax in New Jersey. Although the consolidated New Jersey return also includes MGM and certain of its subsidiaries, the Company is required to record New Jersey state income taxes in the accompanying financial statements as if the Landlord was taxed for state purposes on a stand-alone basis. The Company and MGM have entered into a tax sharing agreement providing for an allocation of taxes due in the consolidated New Jersey return. Pursuant to this agreement, the Landlord will only be responsible for New Jersey taxes on any gain that may be realized upon a future sale of the New Jersey assets resulting solely from an appreciation in value of such assets over their value on the date they were contributed to the Landlord by a subsidiary of MGM. MGM is responsible for all other taxes reported in the New Jersey consolidated return. No amounts are due to MGM under the tax sharing agreement as of March 31, 2017. Accordingly, the provision for current taxes and the deferred tax liability in the accompanying financial statements are attributable to noncontrolling interest since the payment of such taxes are the responsibility of MGM.
The Company was included in the consolidated or unitary income tax returns of MGM for all Predecessor periods. In the accompanying financial statements, the Predecessor periods reflect an allocation of income taxes from MGM as if the company’s Predecessor had filed a separate tax return in those periods.

Net income per share. Basic net income per share includes only the weighted average number of Class A shares outstanding during the period. Dilutive net income per share includes the weighted average number of Class A shares and the dilutive effect of share-based compensation awards outstanding during the period, when such awards are dilutive.

Net income per unit. Basic net income per unit includes only the weighted average number of Operating Partnership units outstanding during the period. Dilutive net income per unit includes the weighted average number of Operating Partnership units and the dilutive effect of share-based compensation awards outstanding during the period, when such awards are dilutive.

Deferred financing costs. Deferred financing costs were incurred in connection with the issuance of the term loan facilities, revolving credit facility and senior notes. Costs incurred in connection with term loan facilities and senior notes are capitalized and offset against the carrying amount of the related indebtedness. These costs are amortized over the term of the related indebtedness, and are included in interest expense in the combined and consolidated statement of operations. Costs incurred in connection with the Operating Partnership’s entrance into the revolving credit facility are capitalized as a component of prepaid expenses and other assets. These costs are amortized over the term of the revolving credit facility, and are included in interest expense in the combined and consolidated statement of operations. The Company recognized non-cash interest expense related to the amortization of deferred financing costs of $2.8 million during the three months ended March 31, 2017.

Derivative financial instruments. The Company accounts for its derivatives in accordance with FASB ASC Topic 815, Derivatives and Hedging, in which all derivative instruments are reflected at fair value as either assets or liabilities. For derivative instruments that are designated and qualify as hedging instruments, the Company records the effective portion of the gain or loss on the hedge instruments as a component of accumulated other comprehensive income. Any ineffective portion of a derivative’s change in fair value is immediately recognized within net income.
Fair value measurements. Fair value measurements are utilized in accounting for testing of long-lived assets for impairment. Fair value of financial and nonfinancial assets and liabilities is defined as an exit price, representing the amount that would be received to sell an asset or paid to transfer a liability in an orderly transaction between market participants. The three-tier hierarchy for inputs used in measuring fair value, which prioritizes the inputs used in the methodologies of measuring fair value for assets and liabilities, is as follows:
Level 1—Observable inputs for identical instruments such as quoted market prices;
Level 2—Inputs include quoted prices for similar assets and liabilities in active markets, quoted prices for identical or similar assets or liabilities in markets that are not active, inputs other than quoted prices that are observable for the asset or liability (i.e., interest rates, yield curves, etc.) and inputs that are derived principally from or corroborated by observable market data by correlation or other means (market corroborated inputs); and
Level 3—Unobservable inputs that reflect the Company’s determination of assumptions that market participants would use in pricing the asset or liability. These inputs are developed based on the best information available, including management’s own data.
The fair value of the Company’s cash and cash equivalents, accounts payable and accrued expenses approximate their carrying value because of the short-term nature of these instruments. The principal amount and fair value of other financial instruments are as follows:
 
March 31, 2017
 
Total
 
Level 1
 
Level 2
 
Level 3
 
(in thousands)
Assets:
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Derivative asset - interest rate swaps
$
2,770

 
$

 
$
2,770

 
$

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Liabilities:
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Senior secured credit facility:
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Senior secured term loan A facility
285,000

 
 
 
285,000

 
 
Senior secured term loan B facility
1,842,947

 
 
 
1,842,947

 
 
Senior secured revolving credit facility

 
 
 

 
 
$1,050 million 5.625% senior notes, due 2024
1,110,375

 
 
 
1,110,375

 
 
$500 million 4.50% senior notes, due 2026
484,375

 
 
 
484,375

 
 
Derivative liability - interest rate swaps
1,525

 
 
 
1,525

 
 
 
$
3,724,222

 
$

 
$
3,724,222

 
$



The total principal balance of our debt was $3.7 billion at March 31, 2017, with a fair value of $3.7 billion. The estimated fair value was estimated using quoted prices for identical or similar liabilities in markets that are not active for each of the Company’s term loan A facility, term loan B facility, revolving credit facility and senior notes. These fair value measurements are considered Level 2 of the fair value hierarchy. Derivative assets and liabilities are carried at fair value. The fair value of interest rate swaps is determined based on the present value of expected future cash flows using observable, quoted LIBOR swap rates for the full term of the swap. The Company has determined that the majority of the inputs used to value its derivative assets fall within Level 2 of the fair value hierarchy.
Reportable segment. The Company’s real estate properties are similar in that they consist of large-scale destination entertainment and leisure resorts and related offerings, whose tenants generally offer casino gaming, hotel, convention, dining, entertainment and retail, are held by a subsidiary of the Operating Partnership, have similar economic characteristics and are governed under a single Master Lease. As such, the properties are reported as one reportable segment.
Concentrations of credit risk. All of the Company’s real estate properties have been leased to a wholly owned subsidiary of MGM, and all of MGP’s revenues are derived from the Master Lease. MGM is a publicly traded company and is subject to the filing requirements of the Securities and Exchange Act of 1934, as amended (the “Exchange Act”), and is required to file periodic reports on Form 10-K and Form 10-Q with the SEC. Refer to www.edgar.gov for MGM’s publicly available financial information (which financial information is not incorporated by reference herein). Management does not believe there are any other significant concentrations of credit risk.
Geographical risk. The majority of the Company’s real estate properties are located in Las Vegas, Nevada. Accordingly, future negative trends in local economic activity or natural disasters in this area might have a more significant effect on the Company than a more geographically diversified entity and could have an adverse impact on its financial condition and operating results.
Recently issued accounting standards. In January 2017, the Company adopted Accounting Standards Update No. 2016-09, Compensation – Stock Compensation (Topic 718): Improvements to Employee Share-Based Payment Accounting (“ASU 2016-09”). ASU 2016-09 simplifies the accounting for share-based payment transactions, including the income tax consequences, classification of awards as either equity or liabilities, and classification on the statement of cash flows. The adoption of ASU 2016-09 did not have a material effect on the Company’s financial statements and footnote disclosures.
In February 2016, the FASB issued Accounting Standards Update No. 2016-02, Leases (Topic 842) (“ASU 2016-02”), which replaces the existing guidance in FASB ASC Topic 840, Leases. ASU 2016-02 requires a dual approach for lessee accounting under which a lessee would account for leases as finance leases or operating leases. Both finance leases and operating leases will result in the lessee recognizing a right-of-use (“ROU”) asset and a corresponding lease liability. For finance leases the lessee would recognize interest expense and amortization of the ROU asset and for operating leases the lessee would recognize a straight-line total lease expense. ASU 2016-02 is effective for fiscal years beginning after December 15, 2018, and interim periods within those fiscal years. Early adoption is permitted. The Company is currently in the process of determining the method of adoption and assessing the impact that adoption of this guidance will have on its financial statements and footnote disclosures.
In August 2015, the FASB issued Accounting Standards Update No. 2015-14, Revenue From Contracts With Customers (Topic 606): Deferral of the Effective Date, which defers the effective date of Accounting Standards Update No. 2014-09, Revenue From Contracts With Customers (“ASU 2014-09”) to the fiscal years beginning after December 15, 2017, and interim periods within those fiscal years. ASU 2014-09 outlines a new, single comprehensive model for entities to use in accounting for revenue arising from contracts with customers and supersedes most current revenue recognition guidance, including industry-specific guidance. This new revenue recognition model provides a five-step analysis in determining when and how revenue is recognized. Additionally, the new model will require revenue recognition to depict the transfer of promised goods or services to customers in an amount that reflects the consideration a company expects to receive in exchange for those goods or services. The adoption of ASU 2015-14 will not have a material impact on the Company's financial statements and footnote disclosures.