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Basis of Presentation and Summary of Significant Accounting Policies (Policies)
3 Months Ended
Apr. 30, 2022
Accounting Policies [Abstract]  
Basis of Presentation
Basis of Presentation
The accompanying unaudited condensed consolidated financial statements have been prepared in accordance with accounting principles generally accepted in the United States of America (“U.S. GAAP”) and applicable rules and regulations of the U.S. Securities and Exchange Commission (the “SEC”) regarding interim financial reporting. Accordingly, they do not include all disclosures normally required in annual consolidated financial statements prepared in accordance with U.S. GAAP.
Recent Developments
On April 4, 2022, our majority owned subsidiary, Meltano Inc. closed its Series Seed-2 round of preferred stock financing that resulted in the loss of our control over Meltano Inc. Effective April 4, 2022, the Company accounts for its investment in Meltano Inc. under the equity method. See “Note 11. Joint Venture and Deconsolidation of Majority Owned Subsidiary” for additional details.
Fiscal Year
Fiscal Year
The Company's fiscal year ends on January 31. For example, references to fiscal 2023 and 2022 refer to the fiscal year ended January 31, 2023 and 2022, respectively.
Use of Estimates
Use of Estimates
The preparation of the condensed consolidated financial statements in conformity with U.S. GAAP requires management to make estimates and assumptions that affect the reported amounts of assets and liabilities, disclosure of contingent assets and liabilities at the date of the financial statements, and the reported amounts of revenue and expenses during the reporting period. Such estimates include, but are not limited to, allocation of revenue to the license element in the Company's self-managed subscriptions, estimating the amortization period for capitalized costs to obtain a contract, allowance for doubtful accounts, fair valuation of stock-based compensation, fair value of contingent consideration, fair valuation of retained interest on loss of control, valuation allowance for deferred income taxes, valuation of intangibles assets, and impairment of goodwill. The Company bases these estimates on historical and anticipated results, trends, and various other assumptions, including the impact of the COVID-19 pandemic, that it believes are reasonable under the circumstances, including assumptions as to future events. Actual results could differ from those estimates.
The novel coronavirus, or COVID-19, pandemic has created, and may continue to create, significant uncertainty in macroeconomic conditions. The global impact of COVID-19 continues to rapidly evolve, and the Company will continue to monitor the situation and the effects on its business and operations closely. The Company does not yet know the full extent of potential impacts on its business or operations or on
the global economy as a whole, particularly if the COVID-19 pandemic continues and persists for an extended period of time.
Principles of Consolidation Principles of ConsolidationThe condensed consolidated financial statements include 100% of the accounts of wholly owned subsidiaries and a variable interest entity for which our Company is the primary beneficiary. The ownership interest of other investors is recorded as noncontrolling interest. All intercompany accounts and transactions have been eliminated in consolidation.
Short-Term Investments
Short-Term Investments
The Company classifies its marketable securities with stated maturities greater than twelve months as short-term investments due to its ability to use these securities to support the Company’s current operations.
As of April 30, 2022, all short-term investments are classified as available-for-sale and are reported at fair value, which is based on quoted market prices for such securities, if available, or based on quoted market prices of financial instruments with similar characteristics. Unrealized gains and losses are recorded as a separate component of other comprehensive income (loss), net of income taxes. Realized gains and losses on available-for-sale securities are recognized upon sale and are included in other income (expense), net in the condensed consolidated statements of operations.
The Company periodically reviews its available-for-sale securities to determine if there has been an other-than-temporary decline in fair value. Factors considered in determining whether a loss is other-than-temporary include, but are not limited to: the length of time and extent a security’s fair value has been below its cost, the financial condition and near-term prospects of the investee, the credit quality of the security’s issuer, likelihood of recovery and the Company’s intent and ability to hold the security for a period of time sufficient to allow for any anticipated recovery in value. No changes in fair value due to impairment have been recorded for available-for-sale securities during the periods presented.
Equity Method Investments
Equity Method Investment
The Company applies the equity method of accounting to investments when it has significant influence, but not controlling interest in the investee. The Company’s equity method investments are reported at cost and adjusted each period for its proportionate share of the investee’s income or loss. The cost on initial recognition of retained interest in an erstwhile subsidiary is based on fair value on the date of loss of control. The Company’s proportionate share of the net income (loss) resulting from the investment is reported under income (loss) from equity method investment, net of tax in our condensed consolidated statements of operations. The carrying value of the Company’s equity method investments is reported in equity method investment in the condensed consolidated balance sheets. The Company assesses investments for impairment whenever events or changes in circumstances indicate that the carrying value of an investment may not be recoverable.
Recently Adopted Accounting Standards and Recently Issued Accounting Standards Not Yet Adopted
Recently Adopted Accounting Standards
In December 2019, the Financial Accounting Standards Board (“FASB”) issued Accounting Standards Update (“ASU”) No. 2019-12, Income Taxes (Topic 740): Simplifying the Accounting for Income Taxes (“ASU 2019-12”), which simplifies the accounting for income taxes by eliminating some exceptions to the general approach in ASC 740, Income Taxes in order to reduce cost and complexity of its application. The Company has adopted ASU 2019-12 as of February 1, 2022 with no material impact.
Recently Issued Accounting Standards Not Yet Adopted
In February 2016, the FASB issued ASU 2016-02, Leases (Topic 842) (“Topic 842”). Topic 842 supersedes the lease requirements in ASC Topic 840, Leases. Under Topic 842, lessees are required to recognize assets and liabilities on the condensed consolidated balance sheet for most leases and provide enhanced disclosures. Leases will continue to be classified as either finance or operating. For public companies, Topic 842 is effective for fiscal years beginning after December 15, 2018 and interim periods within those fiscal years. The Company has elected to use the extended transition period that allows the Company to delay adoption of new or revised accounting pronouncements applicable to public companies until such pronouncements are made applicable to private companies under the JOBS Act. For as long as the Company remains an “emerging growth company,” the new guidance is effective for annual reporting periods beginning after December 15, 2021, and interim periods within fiscal years beginning after December 15, 2022. Early adoption is permitted. The adoption of ASU 2016-02 is not expected to have a material effect on the Company’s condensed consolidated financial statements.
In June 2016, the FASB issued ASU No. 2016-13, Financial Instruments-Credit Losses (Topic 326): Measurement of Credit Losses on Financial Instruments (“ASU 2016-13”), which requires the measurement and recognition of expected credit losses for financial assets held at amortized cost. ASU 2016-13 replaces the existing incurred loss impairment model with an expected loss methodology, which will result in more timely recognition of credit losses. Since the Company follows private company’s adoption timelines, this new guidance is effective for the Company for its fiscal year beginning February 1, 2023. The Company is currently evaluating the effect of the adoption of ASU 2016-13 on its condensed consolidated financial statements. The effect will largely depend on the composition and credit quality of the Company's portfolio of financial assets and the economic conditions at the time of adoption.
Fair Value of Financial Instruments
The Company determines fair value based on the fair value hierarchy, which requires an entity to maximize the use of observable inputs and minimize the use of unobservable inputs when measuring fair value. Fair value is defined as the price that would be received to sell an asset or paid to transfer a liability in an orderly transaction between market participants at the measurement date. The fair value assumes that the transaction to sell the asset or transfer the liability occurs in the principal or most advantageous market for the asset or liability and establishes that the fair value of an asset or liability shall be determined based on the assumptions that market participants would use in pricing the asset or liability. The classification of a financial asset or liability within the hierarchy is based upon the lowest level input that is significant to the fair value measurement. The fair value hierarchy prioritizes the inputs into three levels that may be used to measure fair value:
Level 1:     Inputs are unadjusted quoted prices in active markets for identical assets or liabilities.
Level 2:    Inputs other than Level 1 that are observable, either directly or indirectly, such as quoted prices for similar assets or liabilities, quoted prices in markets that are not active, or other inputs that are observable or can be corroborated by observable market data for substantially the full term of the assets or liabilities.
Level 3:    Inputs are unobservable based on the Company’s own assumptions used to measure assets and liabilities at fair value. The inputs require significant management judgment or estimation.
The fair value of our Level 1 financial instruments, such as money market funds which are traded in active markets, is based on quoted market prices for identical instruments. The fair value of our Level 2 financial instruments such as commercial paper, corporate debt and U.S. government securities are obtained from an independent pricing service, which may use inputs other than quoted prices that are directly or indirectly observable in the market, including readily available pricing sources for the identical underlying security that may not be actively traded. Our marketable securities are held by custodians who obtain investment prices from a third-party pricing provider that incorporates standard inputs in various asset price models.