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Financial Instruments
12 Months Ended
Dec. 31, 2019
Investments, All Other Investments [Abstract]  
Financial Instruments [Text Block]

6. Financial Instruments

 

The carrying value of cash and cash equivalents, funds held in trust, trade and other receivables, accounts payable, accrued liabilities and deferred revenue approximated their fair values as of December 31, 2019 and 2018 due to their short-term nature. The carrying value of the advance, long-term debt, obligations under capital lease, convertible promissory notes, mortgage payable and loans payable to related parties approximated their fair values due to their market interest rates.

 

Interest, Credit and Concentration Risk

 

Interest rate risk is the risk borne by an interest-bearing asset or liability as a result of fluctuations in interest rates. Financial assets and financial liabilities with variable interest rates expose the Company to cash flow interest rate risk.

 

In the opinion of management, the Company is exposed to significant interest rate risk on its long-term debt, convertible promissory notes and mortgage payable of $7,199,706 ($9,351,482 CAD) (2018-$3,727,778; $5,085,645 CAD).

 

Credit risk is the risk of loss associated with a counterparty’s inability to perform its payment obligations. As at December 31, 2019, the Company’s credit risk is primarily attributable to cash and cash equivalents and trade receivables. As at December 31, 2019, the Company’s cash and cash equivalents were held with reputable Canadian chartered banks and a credit union.

 

With regards to credit risk with customers, the customers' credit evaluation is reviewed by management and account monitoring procedures are used to minimize the risk of loss. The Company believes that no additional credit risk beyond amounts provided for by the allowance for doubtful accounts are inherent in accounts receivable. As at December 31, 2019, the allowance for doubtful accounts was $730 ($ 948 CAD) (December 31, 2018-$nil; $nil CAD).

 

As at December 31, 2019, the Company is exposed to concentration risk as it had six customers (2018-five customers) representing greater than 5% of total trade receivables and six customers (2018-five customers) represented 90% (2018-90%) of trade receivables. The Company had certain customers whose revenue individually represented 10% or more of the Company's total revenue. These customers accounted for 68% (14%, 19% and 35%) (2018-69%; 22%, 23%, and 24%) of total revenue.

 

Liquidity Risk

 

Liquidity risk is the risk that the Company is unable to meet its obligations as they fall due. The Company takes steps to ensure it has sufficient working capital and available sources of financing to meet future cash requirements for capital programs and operations. The Company is in discussions with a Canadian chartered bank to refinance its obligations to PACE and to other creditors. Refer also to going concern, note 2.

 

The Company actively monitors its liquidity to ensure that its cash flows and working capital are adequate to support its financial obligations and the Company's capital programs. In order to continue operations, the Company will need to raise capital, repay PACE for all of its outstanding obligations and complete the refinancing of its real property and organic composting facility. There is no assurance of funding being available or available on acceptable terms. Realization values may be substantially different from carrying values as shown. Refer also to going concern, note 2.

 

Currency Risk

 

Although the Company's functional currency is the CAD, the Company realizes a portion of its expenses in USD. Consequently, certain assets and liabilities are exposed to foreign currency fluctuations. As at December 31, 2019, $258,403 (2018-$68,393) of the Company's net monetary liabilities were denominated in USD. The Company has not entered into any hedging transactions to reduce the exposure to currency risk.