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Loans and Allowance for Credit Losses on Loans HFI
3 Months Ended
Mar. 31, 2025
Receivables [Abstract]  
Loans and Allowance for Credit Losses on Loans HFI Loans and allowance for credit losses on loans HFI
Loans outstanding as of March 31, 2025 and December 31, 2024, by class of financing receivable are as follows:
 March 31,December 31,
 2025 2024 
Commercial and industrial$1,782,981 $1,691,213 
Construction1,022,299 1,087,732 
Residential real estate:
1-to-4 family mortgage1,632,574 1,616,754 
Residential line of credit613,868 602,475 
Multi-family mortgage648,326 653,769 
Commercial real estate:
Owner-occupied1,356,007 1,357,568 
Non-owner occupied2,153,825 2,099,129 
Consumer and other561,656 493,744 
Gross loans9,771,536 9,602,384 
Less: Allowance for credit losses on loans HFI(150,531)(151,942)
Net loans$9,621,005 $9,450,442 
As of March 31, 2025 and December 31, 2024, $996,088 and $988,177, respectively, of qualifying residential mortgage loans (including loans held for sale) and $1,707,868 and $1,620,510, respectively, of qualifying commercial mortgage loans were pledged to the FHLB system securing advances against the Bank’s line of credit. Additionally, as of March 31, 2025 and December 31, 2024, qualifying commercial and industrial, construction and consumer loans, of $2,658,942 and $2,561,352, respectively, were pledged to the Federal Reserve under the Borrower-in-Custody program.
The amortized cost of loans HFI on the consolidated balance sheets exclude accrued interest receivable as the Company presents accrued interest receivable separately on the balance sheet. As of March 31, 2025 and December 31, 2024, accrued interest receivable on loans HFI amounted to $43,380 and $40,970, respectively.
Credit Quality - Commercial Type Loans
The Company categorizes commercial loan types into risk categories based on relevant information about the ability of borrowers to service their debt such as: current financial information, historical payment experience, credit documentation, public information, and current economic trends, among other factors. The Company analyzes loans that share similar risk characteristics collectively. Loans that do not share similar risk characteristics may be evaluated individually.
The Company uses the following definitions for risk ratings:
Pass.
Loans rated Pass include those that are adequately collateralized performing loans which management believes do not have conditions that have occurred or may occur that would result in the loan being downgraded into an inferior category. The Pass category also includes commercial loans rated as Watch, which include those that management believes have conditions that have occurred, or may occur, which could result in the loan being downgraded to an inferior category.

Special Mention.
Loans rated Special Mention are those that have potential weaknesses that deserve management’s close attention. If left uncorrected, these potential weaknesses may result in deterioration of the repayment prospects for the loan or in the institution’s credit position at some future date. Management does not believe there will be a loss of principal or interest. These loans require intensive servicing and may possess more than normal credit risk.
Classified.
Loans included in the Classified category include loans rated as Substandard and Doubtful. Loans rated as Substandard are inadequately protected by the current net worth and paying capacity of the obligor or of the collateral pledged, if any. Substandard loans have a well-defined weakness or weaknesses that jeopardize the liquidation of the debt. They are characterized by the distinct possibility that the institution will sustain some loss if the deficiencies are not corrected. Doubtful loans have all the weaknesses inherent in those classified as Substandard, with the added characteristic that the weakness or weaknesses make collection or liquidation in full, based on currently existing facts, conditions, and values, highly questionable and improbable.
Risk ratings are updated on an ongoing basis and are subject to change by continuous loan monitoring processes.
The following tables present the credit quality of the Company's commercial type loan portfolio as of March 31, 2025 and December 31, 2024 and the gross charge-offs for the three months ended March 31, 2025 and the year ended December 31, 2024 by year of origination. Revolving loans are presented separately. Management considers the guidance in ASC 310-20 when determining whether a modification, extension, or renewal constitutes a current period origination.
As of and for the three months
    ended March 31, 2025
2025 2024 2023 2022 2021 PriorRevolving Loans Amortized Cost BasisTotal
Commercial and industrial
Pass$104,642 $194,223 $172,248 $113,893 $49,312 $125,115 $947,922 $1,707,355 
Special Mention— 2,038 2,202 6,297 168 1,284 24,376 36,365 
Classified152 — 104 17,224 2,431 6,517 12,833 39,261 
Total104,794 196,261 174,554 137,414 51,911 132,916 985,131 1,782,981 
            Current-period gross
               charge-offs
— — 54 — — 2,245 602 2,901 
Construction
Pass44,178 205,719 89,629 279,129 89,330 75,327 187,408 970,720 
Special Mention— — 383 14,969 389 576 — 16,317 
Classified— — — 12,559 281 8,335 14,087 35,262 
Total44,178 205,719 90,012 306,657 90,000 84,238 201,495 1,022,299 
            Current-period gross
               charge-offs
— — — — — — — — 
Residential real estate:
Multi-family mortgage
Pass12,865 17,142 3,781 227,362 233,578 120,593 23,128 638,449 
Special Mention— — — — — — — — 
Classified— — — — 9,856 21 — 9,877 
Total12,865 17,142 3,781 227,362 243,434 120,614 23,128 648,326 
             Current-period gross
                charge-offs
— — — — — — — — 
Commercial real estate:
Owner occupied
Pass35,831 180,824 102,166 250,386 208,625 462,157 93,943 1,333,932 
Special Mention— — — 1,162 1,745 6,091 — 8,998 
Classified— — — 6,045 972 5,639 421 13,077 
Total35,831 180,824 102,166 257,593 211,342 473,887 94,364 1,356,007 
            Current-period gross
              charge-offs
— — — — — 17 — 17 
Non-owner occupied
Pass60,465 197,654 41,688 515,372 448,797 787,681 78,862 2,130,519 
Special Mention— — 4,817 — 935 10,233 — 15,985 
Classified— — — — — 7,321 — 7,321 
Total60,465 197,654 46,505 515,372 449,732 805,235 78,862 2,153,825 
             Current-period gross
                charge-offs
— — — — — — — — 
Total commercial loan types
Pass257,981 795,562 409,512 1,386,142 1,029,642 1,570,873 1,331,263 6,780,975 
Special Mention— 2,038 7,402 22,428 3,237 18,184 24,376 77,665 
Classified152 — 104 35,828 13,540 27,833 27,341 104,798 
Total$258,133 $797,600 $417,018 $1,444,398 $1,046,419 $1,616,890 $1,382,980 $6,963,438 
            Current-period gross
                charge-offs
$— $— $54 $— $— $2,262 $602 $2,918 
As of and for the year ended
  December 31, 2024
2024 2023 2022 2021 2020 PriorRevolving Loans Amortized Cost BasisTotal
Commercial and industrial
Pass$194,185 $182,677 $130,148 $56,460 $29,735 $104,236 $909,398 $1,606,839 
Special Mention2,684 2,425 7,609 277 285 2,015 24,345 39,640 
Classified— 175 19,125 4,424 1,659 6,201 13,150 44,734 
Total196,869 185,277 156,882 61,161 31,679 112,452 946,893 1,691,213 
              Current-period gross
                 charge-offs
— 116 950 506 1,234 8,267 11,080 
Construction
Pass190,058 116,122 349,716 99,225 27,616 54,099 199,596 1,036,432 
Special Mention156 87 15,432 389 10 576 — 16,650 
Classified— — 7,314 290 8,335 — 18,711 34,650 
Total190,214 116,209 372,462 99,904 35,961 54,675 218,307 1,087,732 
              Current-period gross
                  charge-offs
— — 122 — — — — 122 
Residential real estate:
Multi-family mortgage
Pass40,076 3,800 232,415 223,076 51,948 69,652 21,883 642,850 
Special Mention— — — — — — — — 
Classified— — — 9,919 — 1,000 — 10,919 
Total40,076 3,800 232,415 232,995 51,948 70,652 21,883 653,769 
             Current-period gross
                 charge-offs
— — — — — — — — 
Commercial real estate:
Owner occupied
Pass185,416 103,060 247,049 215,798 102,580 396,288 84,226 1,334,417 
Special Mention— — 1,370 2,582 — 6,133 — 10,085 
Classified— — 6,324 235 61 5,371 1,075 13,066 
Total185,416 103,060 254,743 218,615 102,641 407,792 85,301 1,357,568 
              Current-period gross
                  charge-offs
— — — — — — — — 
Non-owner occupied
Pass198,591 36,027 526,417 445,598 111,943 689,15858,255 2,065,989 
Special Mention— 4,836 — 1,527 — 19,311— 25,674 
Classified— — — 136 — 7,330— 7,466 
Total198,591 40,863 526,417 447,261 111,943 715,799 58,255 2,099,129 
               Current-period gross
                   charge-offs
— — — — — — — — 
Total commercial loan types
Pass808,326 441,686 1,485,745 1,040,157 323,822 1,313,433 1,273,358 6,686,527 
Special Mention2,840 7,348 24,411 4,775 295 28,035 24,345 92,049 
Classified— 175 32,763 15,004 10,055 19,902 32,936 110,835 
Total$811,166 $449,209 $1,542,919 $1,059,936 $334,172 $1,361,370 $1,330,639 $6,889,411 
              Current-period gross
                  charge-offs
— 116 1,072 506 1,234 8,267 11,202 
Credit Quality - Consumer Type Loans
For consumer and residential loan classes, the Company primarily evaluates credit quality based on delinquency and accrual status of the loan, credit documentation and by payment activity. The performing or nonperforming status is updated on an on-going basis dependent upon improvement and deterioration in credit quality. Nonperforming loans include loans that are no longer accruing interest (nonaccrual loans) and loans past due ninety or more days and still accruing interest.
The following tables present the credit quality by classification (performing or nonperforming) of the Company’s consumer type loan portfolio as of March 31, 2025 and December 31, 2024 and the gross charge-offs for the three months ended March 31, 2025 and the year ended December 31, 2024 by year of origination. Revolving loans are presented separately. Management considers the guidance in ASC 310-20 when determining whether a modification, extension, or renewal constitutes a current period origination.
As of and for the three months
    ended March 31, 2025
2025 2024 2023 2022 2021 PriorRevolving Loans Amortized Cost BasisTotal
Residential real estate:
1-to-4 family mortgage
Performing$70,029 $214,285 $158,079 $433,883 $347,820 $383,899 $— $1,607,995 
Nonperforming— 43 368 7,058 7,373 9,737 — 24,579 
Total70,029 214,328 158,447 440,941 355,193 393,636 — 1,632,574 
          Current-period gross
             charge-offs
— — — — — — 
Residential line of credit
Performing— — — — — — 611,665 611,665 
Nonperforming— — — — — — 2,203 2,203 
Total— — — — — — 613,868 613,868 
          Current-period gross
             charge-offs
— — — — — — — — 
Consumer and other
Performing36,971 161,239 94,914 77,682 34,207 139,633 616 545,262 
Nonperforming— 1,898 2,829 1,740 2,581 7,345 16,394 
       Total36,971 163,137 97,743 79,422 36,788 146,978 617 561,656 
           Current-period gross
              charge-offs
385 185 76 103 86 135 972 
Total consumer type loans
Performing107,000 375,524 252,993 511,565 382,027 523,532 612,281 2,764,922 
Nonperforming— 1,941 3,197 8,798 9,954 17,082 2,204 43,176 
        Total$107,000 $377,465 $256,190 $520,363 $391,981 $540,614 $614,485 $2,808,098 
            Current-period gross
             charge-offs
$385 $185 $79 $103 $86 $135 $$975 
As of and for the year ended
  December 31, 2024
2024 2023 2022 2021 2020 PriorRevolving Loans Amortized Cost BasisTotal
Residential real estate:
1-to-4 family mortgage
Performing$223,520 $165,395 $443,372 $360,188 $129,674 $266,661 $— $1,588,810 
Nonperforming27 941 7,254 6,357 4,192 9,173 — 27,944 
Total223,547 166,336 450,626 366,545 133,866 275,834 — 1,616,754 
           Prior-period gross
               charge-offs
10 54 150 130 67 28 — 439 
Residential line of credit
Performing— — — — — — 600,581 600,581 
Nonperforming— — — — — — 1,894 1,894 
Total— — — — — — 602,475 602,475 
           Prior-period gross
               charge-offs
 — — — — — 73 73 
Consumer and other
Performing139,684 93,817 76,286 35,507 29,387 102,233 652 477,566 
Nonperforming1,300 1,749 1,686 3,139 2,548 5,755 16,178 
       Total140,984 95,566 77,972 38,646 31,935 107,988 653 493,744 
            Prior-period gross
               charge-offs
1,593 511 302 278 69 298 — 3,051 
Total consumer type loans
Performing363,204 259,212 519,658 395,695 159,061 368,894 601,233 2,666,957 
Nonperforming1,327 2,690 8,940 9,496 6,740 14,928 1,895 46,016 
       Total$364,531 $261,902 $528,598 $405,191 $165,801 $383,822 $603,128 $2,712,973 
             Prior-period gross
                 charge-offs
1,603 565 452 408 136 326 73 3,563 
Nonaccrual and Past Due Loans
The following tables represent an analysis of the aging by class of financing receivable as of March 31, 2025 and December 31, 2024:
March 31, 202530-89 days
past due and accruing
interest
90 days or 
more and accruing
interest
Nonaccrual
loans
Loans current
on payments
and accruing
interest
Total
Commercial and industrial$2,257 $4,592 $4,163 $1,771,969 $1,782,981 
Construction1,858 26 10,364 1,010,051 1,022,299 
Residential real estate:
1-to-4 family mortgage20,775 15,372 9,207 1,587,220 1,632,574 
Residential line of credit2,338 658 1,545 609,327 613,868 
Multi-family mortgage— — 21 648,305 648,326 
Commercial real estate:
Owner occupied230 — 8,643 1,347,134 1,356,007 
Non-owner occupied320 3,512 2,663 2,147,330 2,153,825 
Consumer and other14,096 4,262 12,132 531,166 561,656 
Total$41,874 $28,422 $48,738 $9,652,502 $9,771,536 
 
December 31, 202430-89 days
past due and accruing
interest
90 days or 
more and accruing
interest
Nonaccrual
loans
Loans current on payments and accruing interest Total
Commercial and industrial$1,204 $730 $9,661 $1,679,618 $1,691,213 
Construction3,288 538 10,915 1,072,991 1,087,732 
Residential real estate:
1-to-4 family mortgage24,376 15,319 12,625 1,564,434 1,616,754 
Residential line of credit2,302 357 1,537 598,279 602,475 
Multi-family mortgage979 — 21 652,769 653,769 
Commercial real estate:
Owner occupied1,996 94 9,551 1,345,927 1,357,568 
Non-owner occupied— 3,512 2,667 2,092,950 2,099,129 
Consumer and other13,710 3,797 12,381 463,856 493,744 
Total$47,855 $24,347 $59,358 $9,470,824 $9,602,384 
The following tables provide the amortized cost basis of loans on non-accrual status, as well as any related allowance as of March 31, 2025 and December 31, 2024 by class of financing receivable.
March 31, 2025Nonaccrual
with no
related
allowance
Nonaccrual
with
related
allowance
Related
allowance
Commercial and industrial$2,128 $2,035 $138 
Construction1,654 8,710 390 
Residential real estate:
1-to-4 family mortgage— 9,207 183 
Residential line of credit— 1,545 28 
Multi-family mortgage— 21 
Commercial real estate:
Owner occupied6,041 2,602 205 
Non-owner occupied2,224 439 91 
Consumer and other— 12,132 634 
Total$12,047 $36,691 $1,672 
December 31, 2024
Nonaccrual
with no
related
allowance
Nonaccrual
with
related
allowance
Related
allowance
Commercial and industrial$5,294 $4,367 $2,177 
Construction1,653 9,262 1,383 
Residential real estate:
1-to-4 family mortgage1,562 11,063 211 
Residential line of credit148 1,389 26 
Multi-family mortgage— 21 
Commercial real estate:
Owner occupied6,415 3,136 137 
Non-owner occupied2,224 443 
Consumer and other— 12,381 646 
Total$17,296 $42,062 $4,587 
The following presents interest income recognized on nonaccrual loans for the three months ended March 31, 2025 and 2024:
Three Months Ended March 31,
20252024
Commercial and industrial$$224 
Construction61 
Residential real estate:
1-to-4 family mortgage— — 
Residential line of credit16 
Multi-family mortgage— — 
Commercial real estate:
Owner occupied49 
Non-owner occupied— 35 
Consumer and other— 
Total$28 $385 

Accrued interest receivable written off as an adjustment to interest income amounted to $287 and $201 for the three months ended March 31, 2025 and 2024, respectively.
Loan Modifications to Borrowers Experiencing Financial Difficulty
Occasionally, the Company may make certain modifications of loans to borrowers experiencing financial difficulty. These modifications may be in the form of an interest rate reduction, a term extension, principal forgiveness, payment deferral or a combination thereof. Upon the Company’s determination that a modified loan has subsequently been deemed uncollectible, the portion of the loan deemed uncollectible is charged off against the allowance for credit losses on loans HFI. The Company closely monitors the performance of the loans that are modified to borrowers experiencing financial difficulty to understand the effectiveness of its modification efforts. Tables within this section exclude loans that were paid off or are otherwise no longer in the loan portfolio as of period end.
The following tables present the amortized cost of FDM loans as of March 31, 2025 and 2024 by class of financing receivable and type of concession granted that were modified during the three months ended March 31, 2025 and 2024.
Three months ended
March 31, 2025
Term extensionInterest rate reductionInterest rate reduction and term extensionTotal% of total class of financing receivables
Commercial and
    industrial
$152 $— $— $152 — %
Construction539 — — 539 0.1 %
Residential real estate:
1-to-4 family mortgage— — 85 85 — %
Commercial real estate:
Owner occupied— 143 — 143 — %
Consumer and other— — 63 63 — %
     Total$691 $143 $148 $982 — %
Three months ended
March 31, 2024
Term extensionPayment deferral and term extensionTotal% of total class of financing receivables
Construction$— $14,316 $14,316 1.1 %
Commercial real estate:
Non-owner occupied10,351 — 10,351 0.5 %
Consumer and other22 — 22 — %
     Total$10,373 $14,316 $24,689 0.3 %
The following table describes the financial effect of the modifications made to borrowers experiencing financial difficulty:
Three months ended
     March 31, 2025
Weighted average term extension
(in months)
Weighted average interest rate reduction
Commercial and industrial36—%
Construction6—%
Residential real estate:
1-to-4 family mortgage622.25%
Commercial real estate:
Owner occupied2.50%
Consumer and other132.00%
Three months ended
     March 31, 2024
Weighted average term extension
(in months)
Weighted average payment deferral
(in months)
Construction63
Commercial real estate:
Non-owner occupied6
Consumer and other42
During the three months ended March 31, 2025, consumer and other loans of $14 defaulted that were previously modified in the prior 12 months by receiving a term extension. In addition, during the three months ended March 31, 2025, 1-to-4 family mortgage residential real estate loans of $626 defaulted that were previously modified in the prior 12 months by receiving a combination of payment deferral and term extension. No financing receivables modified in the preceding twelve months had a payment default during the three months ended March 31, 2024. For FDM loans, a subsequent payment default is defined as the earlier of the FDM loans being placed on non-accrual status or reaching 30 days past due with respect to principal and/or interest payments. At March 31, 2025 and December 31, 2024, the Company did not have any material commitments to lend additional funds to borrowers whose loans were classified as an FDM loans.
The Company closely monitors the performance of the loans that are modified to borrowers experiencing financial difficulty to understand the effectiveness of its modification efforts. The tables below depict the performance of loans HFI as of March 31, 2025 and 2024 made to borrowers experiencing financial difficulty that were modified in the prior twelve months.
March 31, 202530-89 days
past due and accruing
interest
90 days or 
more and accruing
interest
Nonaccrual
loans(1)
Loans current
on payments
and accruing
interest
Total
Commercial and industrial$— $— $2,128 $152 $2,280 
Construction— — 2,008 539 2,547 
Residential real estate:
1-to-4 family mortgage367 — — 2,098 2,465 
Residential line of credit— — — 28 28 
Commercial real estate:
Owner-occupied— — — 143 143 
Consumer and other14 — — 159 173 
Total$381 $— $4,136 $3,119 $7,636 
(1) Loans were on non-accrual when modified and subsequently classified as FDM.
March 31, 202430-89 days
past due and accruing
interest
90 days or 
more and accruing
interest
Nonaccrual
loans(1)
Loans current
on payments
and accruing
interest
Total
Commercial and industrial$— $— $179 $— $179 
Construction— — — 14,316 14,316 
Residential real estate:
1-to-4 family mortgage— — 65 — 65 
Commercial real estate:
Non-owner occupied— — — 10,351 10,351 
Consumer and other— — — 22 22 
Total$— $— $244 $24,689 $24,933 
(1) Loans were on non-accrual when modified and subsequently classified as FDM.
Collateral-Dependent Loans
For collateral-dependent loans, or those loans for which repayment is expected to be provided substantially through the operation or sale of collateral, where the borrower is also experiencing financial difficulty, the following tables present the loans by class of financing receivable.
March 31, 2025
Type of Collateral
Real EstateFarmlandBusiness AssetsTotal
Commercial and industrial$— $— $2,540 $2,540 
Construction25,189 1,654 — 26,843 
Residential real estate:
1-to-4 family mortgage281 — — 281 
Multi-family mortgage9,856 — — 9,856 
Commercial real estate:
Owner occupied— 6,041 — 6,041 
Non-owner occupied6,883 — — 6,883 
Total$42,209 $7,695 $2,540 $52,444 
December 31, 2024
Type of Collateral
Real EstateFarmlandBusiness AssetsTotal
Commercial and industrial$— $— $8,492 $8,492 
Construction22,047 1,653 — 23,700 
Residential real estate:
1-to-4 family mortgage1,843 — — 1,843 
Residential line of credit148 — — 148 
Multi-family mortgage9,919 — — 9,919 
Commercial real estate:
Owner occupied— 6,415 — 6,415 
Non-owner occupied6,886 — — 6,886 
Total$40,843 $8,068 $8,492 $57,403 
Allowance for Credit Losses on Loans HFI
The Company performed evaluations within its established qualitative framework, assessing the impact of the current economic outlook, including unemployment and gross domestic product, as well as macroeconomic events which may impact our loan portfolio, such as supply chain concerns, global conflicts, and possible tariffs. All qualitative adjustments are applied at the pool or segment level based on the perceived risk. Segments may be identified using credit quality ratings, loan-to-value, collateral type and purpose. The decrease in the allowance for credit losses on loans HFI as of March 31, 2025 compared with December 31, 2024 is primarily the result of charge-offs during the quarter, slightly improved economic forecast assumptions and reductions in exposure to construction lending.
The following tables provide the changes in the allowance for credit losses on loans HFI by class of financing receivable for the three months ended March 31, 2025 and 2024:
 Commercial
and industrial
Construction1-to-4
family
residential
mortgage
Residential
line of credit
Multi-family
residential
mortgage
Commercial
real estate
owner
occupied
Commercial
real estate
non-owner
occupied
Consumer
and other
Total
Three Months Ended March 31, 2025
Beginning balance -
December 31, 2024
$16,667 $31,698 $25,340 $10,952 $10,512 $11,993 $25,531 $19,249 $151,942 
Provision for (reversal of)
    credit losses on loans
    HFI
1,713 (6,046)854 244 904 77 2,787 1,373 1,906 
Recoveries of loans
previously charged-off
42 — — — 21 503 576 
Loans charged-off(2,901)— (3)— — (17)— (972)(3,893)
Ending balance -
March 31, 2025
$15,521 $25,652 $26,200 $11,196 $11,416 $12,074 $28,319 $20,153 $150,531 
 Commercial
and industrial
Construction1-to-4
family
residential
mortgage
Residential
line of credit
Multi-family
residential
mortgage
Commercial
real estate
owner
occupied
Commercial
real estate
non-owner
occupied
Consumer
and other
Total
Three Months Ended March 31, 2024 
Beginning balance -
December 31, 2023
$19,599 $35,372 $26,505 $9,468 $8,842 $10,653 $22,965 $16,922 $150,326 
(Reversal of) provision for
    credit losses on loans
    HFI
(2,298)2,028 (433)470 131 56 984 914 1,852 
Recoveries of loans
previously charged-off
14 — 56 — — 40 — 306 416 
Loans charged-off(43)(92)— (20)— — — (772)(927)
Ending balance -
   March 31, 2024
$17,272 $37,308 $26,128 $9,918 $8,973 $10,749 $23,949 $17,370 $151,667