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Loans and Allowance for Credit Losses on Loans HFI
12 Months Ended
Dec. 31, 2024
Receivables [Abstract]  
Loans and Allowance for Credit Losses on Loans HFI Loans and allowance for credit losses on loans HFI
Loans outstanding as of December 31, 2024 and 2023, by class of financing receivable are as follows:
December 31,
 2024 2023 
Commercial and industrial$1,691,213 $1,720,733 
Construction1,087,732 1,397,313 
Residential real estate:
1-to-4 family mortgage1,616,754 1,568,552 
Residential line of credit602,475 530,912 
Multi-family mortgage653,769 603,804 
Commercial real estate:
Owner-occupied1,357,568 1,232,071 
Non-owner occupied2,099,129 1,943,525 
Consumer and other493,744 411,873 
Gross loans9,602,384 9,408,783 
Less: Allowance for credit losses on loans HFI(151,942)(150,326)
Net loans$9,450,442 $9,258,457 
As of December 31, 2024 and 2023, $988,177 and $1,030,016, respectively, of qualifying residential mortgage loans (including loans held for sale) and $1,620,510 and $1,984,007, respectively, of qualifying commercial mortgage loans were pledged to the FHLB system securing advances against the Bank’s line of credit. Additionally, as of December 31, 2024 and 2023, qualifying commercial and industrial, construction and consumer loans, of $2,561,352 and $3,107,495, respectively, were pledged to the Federal Reserve under the Borrower-in-Custody program.
The amortized cost of loans HFI on the consolidated balance sheets exclude accrued interest receivable as the Company presents accrued interest receivable separately on the balance sheet. As of December 31, 2024 and 2023, accrued interest receivable on loans HFI amounted to $40,970 and $43,776, respectively.
Credit Quality - Commercial Type Loans
The Company categorizes commercial loan types into risk categories based on relevant information about the ability of borrowers to service their debt such as: current financial information, historical payment experience, credit documentation, public information, and current economic trends, among other factors. The Company analyzes loans that share similar risk characteristics collectively. Loans that do not share similar risk characteristics may be evaluated individually.
The Company uses the following definitions for risk ratings:
Pass.
Loans rated Pass include those that are adequately collateralized performing loans which management believes do not have conditions that have occurred or may occur that would result in the loan being downgraded into an inferior category. The Pass category also includes commercial loans rated as Watch, which include those that management believes have conditions that have occurred, or may occur, which could result in the loan being downgraded to an inferior category.

Special Mention.
Loans rated Special Mention are those that have potential weaknesses that deserve management’s close attention. If left uncorrected, these potential weaknesses may result in deterioration of the repayment prospects for the loan or in the institution’s credit position at some future date. Management does not believe there will be a loss of principal or interest. These loans require intensive servicing and may possess more than normal credit risk.
Classified.
Loans included in the Classified category include loans rated as Substandard and Doubtful. Loans rated as Substandard are inadequately protected by the current net worth and paying capacity of the obligor or of the collateral pledged, if any. Substandard loans have a well-defined weakness or weaknesses that jeopardize the liquidation of the debt. They are characterized by the distinct possibility that the institution will sustain some loss if the deficiencies are not corrected. Doubtful loans have all the weaknesses inherent in those classified as Substandard, with the added characteristic that the weakness or weaknesses make collection or liquidation in full, based on currently existing facts, conditions, and values, highly questionable and improbable.
Risk ratings are updated on an ongoing basis and are subject to change by continuous loan monitoring processes.
The following tables present the credit quality of the Company's commercial type loan portfolio as of December 31, 2024 and 2023 and the gross charge-offs for the years ended December 31, 2024 and 2023 by year of origination. Revolving loans are presented separately. Management considers the guidance in ASC 310-20 when determining whether a modification, extension, or renewal constitutes a current period origination.
As of and for the year
    ended December 31, 2024
2024 2023 2022 2021 2020 PriorRevolving Loans Amortized Cost BasisTotal
Commercial and industrial
Pass$194,185 $182,677 $130,148 $56,460 $29,735 $104,236 $909,398 $1,606,839 
Special Mention2,684 2,425 7,609 277 285 2,015 24,345 39,640 
Classified— 175 19,125 4,424 1,659 6,201 13,150 44,734 
Total196,869 185,277 156,882 61,161 31,679 112,452 946,893 1,691,213 
            Current-period gross
               charge-offs
— 116 950 506 1,234 8,267 11,080 
Construction
Pass190,058 116,122 349,716 99,225 27,616 54,099 199,596 1,036,432 
Special Mention156 87 15,432 389 10 576 — 16,650 
Classified— — 7,314 290 8,335 — 18,711 34,650 
Total190,214 116,209 372,462 99,904 35,961 54,675 218,307 1,087,732 
            Current-period gross
               charge-offs
— — 122 — — — — 122 
Residential real estate:
Multi-family mortgage
Pass40,076 3,800 232,415 223,076 51,948 69,652 21,883 642,850 
Special Mention— — — — — — — — 
Classified— — — 9,919 — 1,000 — 10,919 
Total40,076 3,800 232,415 232,995 51,948 70,652 21,883 653,769 
             Current-period gross
                charge-offs
— — — — — — — — 
Commercial real estate:
Owner occupied
Pass185,416 103,060 247,049 215,798 102,580 396,288 84,226 1,334,417 
Special Mention— — 1,370 2,582 — 6,133 — 10,085 
Classified— — 6,324 235 61 5,371 1,075 13,066 
Total185,416 103,060 254,743 218,615 102,641 407,792 85,301 1,357,568 
            Current-period gross
              charge-offs
— — — — — — — — 
Non-owner occupied
Pass198,591 36,027 526,417 445,598 111,943 689,158 58,255 2,065,989 
Special Mention— 4,836 — 1,527 — 19,311 — 25,674 
Classified— — — 136 — 7,330 — 7,466 
Total198,591 40,863 526,417 447,261 111,943 715,799 58,255 2,099,129 
             Current-period gross
                charge-offs
— — — — — — — — 
Total commercial loan types
Pass808,326 441,686 1,485,745 1,040,157 323,822 1,313,433 1,273,358 6,686,527 
Special Mention2,840 7,348 24,411 4,775 295 28,035 24,345 92,049 
Classified— 175 32,763 15,004 10,055 19,902 32,936 110,835 
Total$811,166 $449,209 $1,542,919 $1,059,936 $334,172 $1,361,370 $1,330,639 $6,889,411 
            Current-period gross
                charge-offs
$— $116 $1,072 $506 $1,234 $$8,267 $11,202 
As of and for the year ended
  December 31, 2023
2023 2022 2021 2020 2019 PriorRevolving Loans Amortized Cost BasisTotal
Commercial and industrial
Pass$225,734 $255,921 $151,492 $39,897 $70,302 $73,415 $839,918 $1,656,679 
Special Mention— 17,947 3,083 — 151 108 7,549 28,838 
Classified457 4,253 3,075 3,027 254 6,129 18,021 35,216 
Total226,191 278,121 157,650 42,924 70,707 79,652 865,488 1,720,733 
              Current-period gross
                 charge-offs
14 201 22 — 87 131 462 
Construction
Pass179,929 677,387 148,312 46,697 39,140 49,954 208,491 1,349,910 
Special Mention4,659 2,943 1,202 — 690 12,000 21,495 
Classified— 2,349 1,484 6,620 — — 15,455 25,908 
Total179,930 684,395 152,739 54,519 39,140 50,644 235,946 1,397,313 
              Current-period gross
                  charge-offs
— — — — — — — — 
Residential real estate:
Multi-family mortgage
Pass29,982 151,495 223,889 92,745 29,933 43,479 31,209 602,732 
Special Mention— — — — — — — — 
Classified— — — — — 1,072 — 1,072 
Total29,982 151,495 223,889 92,745 29,933 44,551 31,209 603,804 
             Current-period gross
                 charge-offs
— — — — — — — — 
Commercial real estate:
Owner occupied
Pass118,030 261,196 231,241 115,397 151,146 281,253 53,970 1,212,233 
Special Mention— 1,297 1,827 — 154 2,617 — 5,895 
Classified— 6,305 16 — 760 5,789 1,073 13,943 
Total118,030 268,798 233,084 115,397 152,060 289,659 55,043 1,232,071 
              Current-period gross
                  charge-offs
— — 144 — — — — 144 
Non-owner occupied
Pass47,026 474,560 478,878 117,429 178,448 580,16843,577 1,920,086 
Special Mention— — 3,975 — — 10,435— 14,410 
Classified— — 1,001 — 381 7,647— 9,029 
Total47,026 474,560 483,854 117,429 178,829 598,250 43,577 1,943,525 
               Current-period gross
                   charge-offs
— — — — — — — — 
Total commercial loan types
Pass600,701 1,820,559 1,233,812 412,165 468,969 1,028,269 1,177,165 6,741,640 
Special Mention23,903 11,828 1,202 305 13,850 19,549 70,638 
Classified457 12,907 5,576 9,647 1,395 20,637 34,549 85,168 
Total$601,159 $1,857,369 $1,251,216 $423,014 $470,669 $1,062,756 $1,231,263 $6,897,446 
              Current-period gross
                  charge-offs
14 345 22 — 87 131 606 
Credit Quality - Consumer Type Loans
For consumer and residential loan classes, the Company primarily evaluates credit quality based on delinquency and accrual status of the loan, credit documentation and by payment activity. The performing or nonperforming status is updated on an on-going basis dependent upon improvement and deterioration in credit quality. Nonperforming loans include loans that are no longer accruing interest (nonaccrual loans) and loans past due ninety or more days and still accruing interest.
The following tables present the credit quality by classification (performing or nonperforming) of the Company’s consumer type loan portfolio as of December 31, 2024 and 2023 and the gross charge-offs for the years ended December 31, 2024 and 2023 by year of origination. Revolving loans are presented separately. Management considers the guidance in ASC 310-20 when determining whether a modification, extension, or renewal constitutes a current period origination.
As of and for the year ended
    December 31, 2024
2024 2023 2022 2021 2020 PriorRevolving Loans Amortized Cost BasisTotal
Residential real estate:
1-to-4 family mortgage
Performing$223,520 $165,395 $443,372 $360,188 $129,674 $266,661 $— $1,588,810 
Nonperforming27 941 7,254 6,357 4,192 9,173 — 27,944 
Total223,547 166,336 450,626 366,545 133,866 275,834 — 1,616,754 
          Current-period gross
             charge-offs
10 54 150 130 67 28 — 439 
Residential line of credit
Performing— — — — — — 600,581 600,581 
Nonperforming— — — — — — 1,894 1,894 
Total— — — — — — 602,475 602,475 
          Current-period gross
             charge-offs
— — — — — — 73 73 
Consumer and other
Performing139,684 93,817 76,286 35,507 29,387 102,233 652 477,566 
Nonperforming1,300 1,749 1,686 3,139 2,548 5,755 16,178 
       Total140,984 95,566 77,972 38,646 31,935 107,988 653 493,744 
           Current-period gross
              charge-offs
1,593 511 302 278 69 298 — 3,051 
Total consumer type loans
Performing363,204 259,212 519,658 395,695 159,061 368,894 601,233 2,666,957 
Nonperforming1,327 2,690 8,940 9,496 6,740 14,928 1,895 46,016 
        Total$364,531 $261,902 $528,598 $405,191 $165,801 $383,822 $603,128 $2,712,973 
            Current-period gross
             charge-offs
$1,603 $565 $452 $408 $136 $326 $73 $3,563 
As of and for the year ended
  December 31, 2023
2023 2022 2021 2020 2019 PriorRevolving Loans Amortized Cost BasisTotal
Residential real estate:
1-to-4 family mortgage
Performing$198,537 $500,628 $399,338 $145,484 $81,905 $226,587 $— $1,552,479 
Nonperforming76 2,565 4,026 3,846 690 4,870 — 16,073 
Total198,613 503,193 403,364 149,330 82,595 231,457 — 1,568,552 
           Prior-period gross
               charge-offs
 18 — — 24 — 46 
Residential line of credit
Performing— — — — — — 528,439 528,439 
Nonperforming— — — — — — 2,473 2,473 
Total— — — — — — 530,912 530,912 
           Prior-period gross
               charge-offs
 — — — — — — — 
Consumer and other
Performing104,399 91,557 45,187 34,928 24,040 93,833 6,890 400,834 
Nonperforming528 1,025 2,562 1,819 1,264 3,841 — 11,039 
       Total104,927 92,582 47,749 36,747 25,304 97,674 6,890 411,873 
            Prior-period gross
               charge-offs
1,463 564 139 201 110 372 2,851 
Total consumer type loans
Performing302,936 592,185 444,525 180,412 105,945 320,420 535,329 2,481,752 
Nonperforming604 3,590 6,588 5,665 1,954 8,711 2,473 29,585 
       Total$303,540 $595,775 $451,113 $186,077 $107,899 $329,131 $537,802 $2,511,337 
             Prior-period gross
                 charge-offs
1,463 582 139 205 110 396 2,897 
Nonaccrual and Past Due Loans
The following tables represent an analysis of the aging by class of financing receivable as of December 31, 2024 and 2023:
December 31, 202430-89 days
past due and accruing
interest
90 days or 
more and accruing
interest
Nonaccrual
loans
Loans current
on payments
and accruing
interest
Total
Commercial and industrial$1,204 $730 $9,661 $1,679,618 $1,691,213 
Construction3,288 538 10,915 1,072,991 1,087,732 
Residential real estate:
1-to-4 family mortgage24,376 15,319 12,625 1,564,434 1,616,754 
Residential line of credit2,302 357 1,537 598,279 602,475 
Multi-family mortgage979 — 21 652,769 653,769 
Commercial real estate:
Owner occupied1,996 94 9,551 1,345,927 1,357,568 
Non-owner occupied— 3,512 2,667 2,092,950 2,099,129 
Consumer and other13,710 3,797 12,381 463,856 493,744 
Total$47,855 $24,347 $59,358 $9,470,824 $9,602,384 
 
December 31, 202330-89 days
past due and accruing
interest
90 days or 
more and accruing
interest
Nonaccrual
loans
Loans current on payments and accruing interest Total
Commercial and industrial$732 $— $21,730 $1,698,271 $1,720,733 
Construction6,579 165 2,872 1,387,697 1,397,313 
Residential real estate:
1-to-4 family mortgage21,768 9,355 6,718 1,530,711 1,568,552 
Residential line of credit2,464 1,337 1,136 525,975 530,912 
Multi-family mortgage— — 32 603,772 603,804 
Commercial real estate:
Owner occupied480 — 3,188 1,228,403 1,232,071 
Non-owner occupied4,059 — 3,351 1,936,115 1,943,525 
Consumer and other10,961 1,836 9,203 389,873 411,873 
Total$47,043 $12,693 $48,230 $9,300,817 $9,408,783 
The following tables provide the amortized cost basis of loans on non-accrual status, as well as any related allowance as of December 31, 2024 and 2023 by class of financing receivable.
December 31, 2024Nonaccrual
with no
related
allowance
Nonaccrual
with
related
allowance
Related
allowance
Year to date Interest Income
Commercial and industrial$5,294 $4,367 $2,177 $641 
Construction1,653 9,262 1,383 456 
Residential real estate:
1-to-4 family mortgage1,562 11,063 211 57 
Residential line of credit148 1,389 26 69 
Multi-family mortgage— 21 
Commercial real estate:
Owner occupied6,415 3,136 137 144 
Non-owner occupied2,224 443 91 
Consumer and other— 12,381 646 — 
Total$17,296 $42,062 $4,587 $1,459 
December 31, 2023
Nonaccrual
with no
related
allowance
Nonaccrual
with
related
allowance
Related
allowance
Year to date Interest Income
Commercial and industrial$3,678 $18,052 $5,011 $2,451 
Construction2,267 605 59 335 
Residential real estate:
1-to-4 family mortgage1,444 5,274 103 410 
Residential line of credit685 451 141 
Multi-family mortgage— 32 
Commercial real estate:
Owner occupied2,920 268 15 514 
Non-owner occupied3,316 35 1,221 
Consumer and other— 9,203 498 1,053 
Total$14,310 $33,920 $5,696 $6,128 

Accrued interest receivable written off as an adjustment to interest income amounted to $706, $1,094, and $1,089 for the years ended December 31, 2024, 2023, and 2022, respectively.
Loan Modifications to Borrowers Experiencing Financial Difficulty
Occasionally, the Company may make certain modifications of loans to borrowers experiencing financial difficulty. These modifications may be in the form of an interest rate reduction, a term extension, principal forgiveness, payment deferral or a combination thereof. Upon the Company’s determination that a modified loan has subsequently been deemed uncollectible, the portion of the loan deemed uncollectible is charged off against the allowance for credit losses on loans HFI. The Company closely monitors the performance of the loans that are modified to borrowers experiencing financial difficulty to understand the effectiveness of its modification efforts. Tables within this section exclude loans that were paid off or are otherwise no longer in the loan portfolio as of period end.
The following table presents the amortized cost of FDM loans as of December 31, 2024 by class of financing receivable and type of concession granted that were modified during the year ended December 31, 2024.
Year Ended
December 31, 2024
Term extensionPayment deferral and term extensionInterest rate reduction and term extensionPayment deferral, interest rate reduction, and term extensionTotal% of total class of financing receivables
Commercial and
    industrial
$— $5,052 $— $— $5,052 0.3 %
Construction— — — 2,008 2,008 0.2 %
Residential real estate:
1-to-4 family mortgage— 3,780 — — 3,780 0.2 %
Residential line of
   credit
28 — — — 28 — %
Consumer and other36 — 97 — 133 — %
     Total$64 $8,832 $97 $2,008 $11,001 0.1 %
During the year ended December 31, 2023, the Company modified three residential mortgage loans with balances totaling $160 and one commercial and industrial loan with a balance of $181 in the form of term extensions for borrowers experiencing financial difficulties.
The following table describes the financial effect of the modifications made to borrowers experiencing financial difficultly:
Year Ended
   December 31, 2024
Weighted average term extension
(in months)
Weighted average payment deferral
(in months)
Weighted average interest rate reduction
Commercial and industrial1212
Construction36050.10%
Residential real estate:
1-to-4 family mortgage1474
Residential line of credit120
Consumer and other251.49%
During the year ended December 31, 2024, consumer and other loans of $30 defaulted that were previously modified in the prior 12 months by receiving a term extension. In addition, during the year ended December 31, 2024, 1-4 family mortgage residential real estate loans of $1,474 defaulted that were previously modified in the prior 12 months by receiving a combination of payment deferral and term extension. No financing receivables modified in the preceding twelve months had a payment default during the year ended December 31, 2023. For FDM loans, a subsequent payment default is defined as the earlier of the FDM loans being placed on non-accrual status or reaching 30 days past due with respect to principal and/or interest payments. At December 31, 2024, the Company had commitments to lend additional funds to borrowers whose loans were classified as an FDM loans of $1. There were no such commitments as of December 31, 2023.
The Company closely monitors the performance of the loans that are modified to borrowers experiencing financial difficulty to understand the effectiveness of its modification efforts. The table below depicts the performance of loans HFI as of December 31, 2024 made to borrowers experiencing financial difficulty that were modified in the prior twelve months.
December 31, 202430-89 days
past due and accruing
interest
90 days or 
more and accruing
interest
Nonaccrual
loans(1)
Loans current
on payments
and accruing
interest
Total
Commercial and industrial$— $— $5,052 $— $5,052 
Construction— — 2,008 — 2,008 
Residential real estate:
1-to-4 family mortgage— 316 — 3,464 3,780 
Residential line of credit— — — 28 28 
Consumer and other14 16 — 103 133 
Total$14 $332 $7,060 $3,595 $11,001 
(1) Loans were on non-accrual when modified and subsequently classified as FDM.
Collateral-Dependent Loans
For collateral-dependent loans, or those loans for which repayment is expected to be provided substantially through the operation or sale of collateral, where the borrower is also experiencing financial difficulty, the following tables present the loans by class of financing receivable.
December 31, 2024
Type of Collateral
Real EstateFarmlandBusiness AssetsTotal
Commercial and industrial$— $— $8,492 $8,492 
Construction22,047 1,653 — 23,700 
Residential real estate:
1-to-4 family mortgage1,843 — — 1,843 
Residential line of credit148 — — 148 
Multi-family mortgage9,919 — — 9,919 
Commercial real estate:
Owner occupied— 6,415 — 6,415 
Non-owner occupied6,886 — — 6,886 
Total$40,843 $8,068 $8,492 $57,403 
December 31, 2023
Type of Collateral
Real EstateFarmlandBusiness AssetsTotal
Commercial and industrial$— $363 $20,599 $20,962 
Construction8,224 — — 8,224 
Residential real estate:
1-to-4 family mortgage5,317 — — 5,317 
Residential line of credit1,245 — — 1,245 
Commercial real estate:
Owner occupied1,975 1,160 — 3,135 
Non-owner occupied3,316 — — 3,316 
Consumer and other112 — — 112 
Total$20,189 $1,523 $20,599 $42,311 
Allowance for Credit Losses on Loans HFI
The Company performed evaluations within its established qualitative framework, assessing the impact of the current economic outlook, including unemployment and gross domestic product, as well as macroeconomic events which may impact our loan portfolio, such as supply chain concerns and global conflicts. All qualitative adjustments are applied at the pool or segment level based on the perceived risk. Segments may be identified using credit quality ratings, loan-to-value, collateral type and purpose. The increase in the allowance for credit losses on loans HFI as of December 31, 2024 compared with December 31, 2023 is primarily the result of changes to the overall loan portfolio, including both growth and changes in portfolio composition, an increase in net charge-offs and slight deterioration in economic forecasts offset by reductions in construction lending.
The following tables provide the changes in the allowance for credit losses on loans HFI by class of financing receivable for the years ended December 31, 2024, 2023, and 2022:
 Commercial
and industrial
Construction1-to-4
family
residential
mortgage
Residential
line of credit
Multi-family
residential
mortgage
Commercial
real estate
owner
occupied
Commercial
real estate
non-owner
occupied
Consumer
and other
Total
Year Ended December 31, 2024
Beginning balance -
December 31, 2023
$19,599 $35,372 $26,505 $9,468 $8,842 $10,653 $22,965 $16,922 $150,326 
Provision for (reversal of)
    credit losses on loans
    HFI
7,720 (3,552)(810)1,539 1,670 1,095 2,566 4,439 14,667 
Recoveries of loans
previously charged-off
428 — 84 18 — 245 — 939 1,714 
Loans charged off(11,080)(122)(439)(73)— — — (3,051)(14,765)
Ending balance -
December 31, 2024
$16,667 $31,698 $25,340 $10,952 $10,512 $11,993 $25,531 $19,249 $151,942 
 Commercial
and industrial
Construction1-to-4
family
residential
mortgage
Residential
line of credit
Multi-family
residential
mortgage
Commercial
real estate
owner
occupied
Commercial
real estate
non-owner
occupied
Consumer
and other
Total
Year Ended December 31, 2023 
Beginning balance -
December 31, 2022
$11,106 $39,808 $26,141 $7,494 $6,490 $7,783 $21,916 $13,454 $134,192 
Provision for (reversal of)
    credit losses on loans
    HFI
8,682 (4,446)310 1,973 2,352 2,905 (784)5,746 16,738 
Recoveries of loans
previously charged-off
273 10 100 — 109 1,833 573 2,899 
Loans charged off(462)— (46)— — (144)— (2,851)(3,503)
Ending balance -
   December 31, 2023
$19,599 $35,372 $26,505 $9,468 $8,842 $10,653 $22,965 $16,922 $150,326 
 Commercial
and industrial
Construction1-to-4
family
residential
mortgage
Residential
line of credit
Multi-family
residential
mortgage
Commercial
real estate
owner
occupied
Commercial
real estate
non-owner
occupied
Consumer
and other
Total
Year Ended December 31, 2022 
Beginning balance -
December 31, 2021
$15,751 $28,576 $19,104 $5,903 $6,976 $12,593 $25,768 $10,888 $125,559 
 (Reversal of) provision for
    credit losses on loans
    HFI
(4,563)11,221 7,060 1,574 (486)(4,883)(3,584)4,054 10,393 
Recoveries of loans
previously charged-off
2,005 11 54 17 — 88 — 766 2,941 
Loans charged off(2,087)— (77)— — (15)(268)(2,254)(4,701)
Ending balance -
 December 31, 2022
$11,106 $39,808 $26,141 $7,494 $6,490 $7,783 $21,916 $13,454 $134,192