INTANGIBLE ASSETS



	Externally acquired development costs	Development costs internally generated	Patents, concessions and licenses		Other intangible assets		Total
	(€ thousand)
Gross carrying amount at January 1, 2018	1,081,287	516,961	167,886		45,085		1,811,219
Additions	242,753	75,109	14,052		5,628		337,542
Reclassification	—	—	508		(508	)	—
Translation differences and other movements	—	—	1,168		143		1,311
Balance at December 31, 2018	1,324,040	592,070	183,614		50,348		2,150,072
Additions	243,040	86,919	17,606		5,893		353,458
Reclassification	—	—	6,950		(6,950	)	—
Translation differences and other movements	—	—	(679	)	(688	)	(1,367	)
Balance at December 31, 2019	1,567,080	678,989	207,491		48,603		2,502,163

Accumulated amortization at January 1, 2018	847,129	343,348	141,806		38,480		1,370,763
Amortization	83,427	31,764	14,914		2,259		132,364
Translation differences and other movements	—	—	1,196		(48	)	1,148
Balance at December 31, 2018	930,556	375,112	157,916		40,691		1,504,275
Amortization	103,812	35,817	18,677		2,158		160,464
Translation differences and other movements	—	—	(292	)	(222	)	(514	)
Balance at December 31, 2019	1,034,368	410,929	176,301		42,627		1,664,225

Carrying amount at:
January 1, 2018	234,158	173,613	26,080		6,605		440,456
December 31, 2018	393,484	216,958	25,698		9,657		645,797
December 31, 2019	532,712	268,060	31,190		5,976		837,938

Additions of €353,458 thousand in 2019 (€337,542 thousand in 2018) primarily relate to externally acquired and internally generated costs for the development of new and existing models.