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Income Taxes
 6 Months Ended
Jun. 30, 2022
Income Tax Disclosure [Abstract]  
Income Taxes Income Taxes
The Company is the sole managing member of Pla-Fit Holdings, which is treated as a partnership for U.S. federal and certain state and local income taxes. As a partnership, Pla-Fit Holdings is not subject to U.S. federal and certain state and local income taxes. Any taxable income or loss generated by Pla-Fit Holdings is passed through to and included in the taxable income or loss of its members, including the Company, on a pro-rata basis.
Planet Fitness, Inc. is subject to U.S. federal income taxes, in addition to state and local income taxes with respect to our allocable share of any taxable income of Pla-Fit Holdings. The Company’s effective tax rate was 25.4% and 25.6% for the three months ended June 30, 2022 and 2021, respectively. The effective tax rate for the three months ended June 30, 2022 differed from the U.S. federal statutory rate of 21% primarily due to state and local taxes, partially offset by income attributable to non-controlling interests. The Company’s effective tax rate was 31.7% and 28.6% for the six months ended June 30, 2022 and 2021, respectively. The effective tax rate for the six months ended June 30, 2022 differed from the U.S. federal statutory rate of 21% primarily due to state and local taxes, the recognition of a tax expense from the remeasurement of the Company's net deferred tax assets, partially offset by income attributable to non-controlling interests. The Company was also subject to taxes in foreign jurisdictions.
Net deferred tax assets of $486,808 and $539,264 as of June 30, 2022 and December 31, 2021, respectively, relate primarily to the tax effects of temporary differences in the book basis as compared to the tax basis of our investment in Pla-Fit Holdings as a result of the secondary offerings, other exchanges, recapitalization transactions and the IPO.
As of June 30, 2022 and December 31, 2021, the total liability related to uncertain tax positions was $328 and $420, respectively. The Company recognizes accrued interest and penalties, if applicable, related to unrecognized tax benefits in income tax expense. Interest and penalties for the three and six months ended June 30, 2022 and 2021 were not material.
Tax benefit arrangements
The Company’s acquisition of Holdings Units in connection with the IPO and future and certain past exchanges of Holdings Units for shares of the Company’s Class A common stock (or cash at the option of the Company) are expected to produce and have produced favorable tax attributes. In connection with the IPO, the Company entered into two tax receivable agreements. Under the first of those agreements, the Company generally is required to pay to certain existing and previous equity owners of Pla-Fit Holdings (the “TRA Holders”) 85% of the applicable tax savings, if any, in U.S. federal and state income tax that the Company is deemed to realize as a result of certain tax attributes of their Holdings Units sold to the Company (or exchanged in a taxable sale) and that are created as a result of (i) the exchanges of their Holdings Units for shares of Class A common stock and (ii) tax benefits attributable to payments made under the tax receivable agreement (including imputed interest). Under the second tax receivable agreement, the Company generally is required to pay to TSG AIV II-A L.P and TSG PF Co-Investors A L.P. (the “Direct TSG Investors”) 85% of the amount of tax savings, if any, that the Company is deemed to realize as a result of the tax attributes of the Holdings Units held in respect of the Direct TSG Investors’ interest in the Company, which resulted from the Direct TSG Investors’ purchase of interests in Pla-Fit Holdings in 2012, and certain other tax benefits. Under both agreements, the Company generally retains the benefit of the remaining 15% of the applicable tax savings.
As of June 30, 2022 and December 31, 2021, the Company had a liability of $510,024 and $528,107, respectively, related to its projected obligations under the tax benefit arrangements. During the three and six months ended June 30, 2022, the Company reduced its tax benefit arrangement liability and recognized a gain of $83 and $3,871, respectively, on the remeasurement of our tax benefit arrangements due to changes in our deferred state rate. Projected future payments under the tax benefit arrangements are as follows:
 Amount
Remainder of 2022$6,090 
202333,877 
202445,591 
202555,529 
202655,861 
Thereafter313,076 
Total$510,024 
During the six months ended June 30, 2022, 548,175 Holdings Units were exchanged for newly issued shares of Class A common stock, resulting in an increase in the tax basis of the net assets of Pla-Fit Holdings. As a result of the change in Planet Fitness, Inc.’s ownership percentage of Pla-Fit Holdings, we recorded an increase to our net deferred tax assets of $1,416 during the six months ended June 30, 2022. As a result of these exchanges, during the six months ended June 30, 2022, we also recognized deferred tax assets in the amount of $16,170 as a result of the increase in tax basis. These exchanges were not made by TRA holders and did not result in an increase in the tax benefit arrangement liability. The offset to the entries recorded in connection with exchanges was to additional paid in capital within stockholders’ deficit.