INTANGIBLE ASSETS, NET

12 Months Ended

Dec. 31, 2024

Goodwill and Intangible Assets Disclosure [Abstract]

Intangible assets subject to amortization consisted of the following as of December 31, 2024 and 2023:


	Weighted Average Useful Life (Years)	As of December 31,
($ in millions)		2024		2023
Computer software and technology	2.6	$	1,234	$	1,283
Licenses	8.2	423		475
Development expenditure	3.1	1,274		1,174
Trademarks	15.6	3,753		3,753
Customer relationships	6.3	4,464		4,558
Other	14.9	177		186
Gross carrying value		11,325		11,429
Computer software and technology		917		929
Licenses		146		159
Development expenditure		713		722
Trademarks		1,875		1,767
Customer relationships		2,243		1,911
Other		67		60
Accumulated amortization		5,961		5,548
Computer software and technology		317		354
Licenses		277		316
Development expenditure		561		452
Trademarks		1,878		1,986
Customer relationships		2,221		2,647
Other		110		126
Net carrying amount		$	5,364	$	5,881

In the fourth quarter of 2023, the Group recognized an intangible asset impairment loss of $725 million in sales and marketing expenses related to PokerStars trademark within the International segment. The impairment was primarily driven by an assessment of strategy and operational model aimed at maximizing the value of PokerStars’ proprietary poker assets consistent with our International segment strategy to combine global scale with local presence. A decision was made in December 2023 to move away from the existing capital intensive PokerStars technology in order to improve efficiency and performance of the business by leveraging technology and marketing resources across the Group, thereby unlocking synergies with other Flutter brands. This decision resulted in a change in the grouping of PokerStars’ acquired intangible assets, with the PokerStars trademark not allocated to any distinct asset groups identified as it is able to generate identifiable cash flows that are largely independent of the cash flows of other assets and liabilities under the new strategy and operational model. In measuring the impairment loss which reflected the impact of lower project royalty revenue, the Group utilized the relief from royalty method under the income approach to estimate the fair value. Assumptions inherent in estimating the fair value include revenue forecast, royalty rate of 5.0%, income tax rate of 12.5%, and discount rate of 12.5%. The Group selected the assumptions used in the financial forecasts of cash flows specific to the remaining useful life of the trademark using historical data, supplemented by current and anticipated market conditions and estimated growth rates. Financial forecasts beyond the period covered by the plans were estimated by extrapolating the forecasts based on the plans using a steady growth in line with the long-term average growth for the countries in which the trademark is used. As the fair value measurements were based on significant inputs not observable in the market, they represented Level 3 measurements within the fair value hierarchy.

In the fourth quarter of 2023, the Group revised the estimated useful lives of certain development expenditure intangible assets. This change in estimate was applied prospectively, which resulted in an additional amortization expense of $30 million that was recorded in the Consolidated Statements of Comprehensive (Loss) and resulted in a decrease in net income of $26 million, or $0.15 per share on a basic and diluted basis, for the year ended 2023. The change in estimate does not have a material impact on future reporting periods.

Amortization expense for the years ended December 31, 2024, 2023 and 2022, was $998 million, $1,144 million and $968 million, respectively.

As of December 31, 2024, estimated total amortization expense for the next five years related to the Group’s intangible assets subject to amortization is as follows:


($ in millions)	Estimated Amortization Expense
2025	$	784
2026	633
2027	490
2028	397
2029	321
	$	2,625