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Income Taxes
3 Months Ended
Mar. 31, 2017
Income Tax Disclosure [Abstract]  
Income Taxes
Income Taxes

For interim periods, we recognize an income tax provision (benefit) based on our estimated annual effective tax rate expected for the full year.

The Company recorded $0.4 million in income tax expense and $1.0 million in income tax benefit for the three months ended March 31, 2017 and 2016, respectively, which resulted in effective tax rates of (1.8)% and 0.6%, respectively. The income tax expense recorded during the three months ended March 31, 2017, primarily relates to the change in indefinite lived components and components expected to reverse outside of the net operating loss carryover period as part of the outside basis difference in our partnership interest in Evolent Health LLC. Neither of the components are considered a source of future taxable income for realizing the deferred tax assets, and with the exception of these components, the Company continues to record a valuation allowance against the net deferred tax assets.

As a result of the increase in our ownership of Evolent Health LLC following the March 2017 Secondary discussed in Note 4 above, the Company reduced by the indefinite portion of the deferred tax liability related to the book basis compared to the tax basis in our partnership interest in Evolent Health LLC by $2.8 million for the three months ended March 31, 2017. The effect of this change in the deferred tax liability was recorded as additional paid-in capital.

As of each applicable period-end, the Company has not recognized any uncertain tax positions, penalties or interest as we have concluded that no such positions exist. The Company is not currently subject to income tax audits in any U.S. or state jurisdictions for any tax year.

Tax Receivables Agreement

In connection with the Offering Reorganization, the Company entered into the TRA with certain of its investors, which provides for the payment by the Company to these investors of 85% of the amount of the tax benefits, if any, that the Company is deemed to realize as a result of increases in our tax basis related to exchanges of Class B common units as well as tax benefits attributable to the future utilization of pre-IPO NOLs. See Note 9 above and “Part II - Item 8. Financial Statements and Supplementary Data - Note 12” in our 2016 Form 10-K for discussion of our TRA.