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Fair Value Measurements

6 Months Ended

Jun. 30, 2020

Fair Value of Financial Assets and Liabilities

Fair value represents the amount that would be received from selling an asset or paid to transfer a liability in an orderly transaction between market participants at the measurement date. The fair values of financial assets and liabilities are determined using the following fair value hierarchy:


•	Level 1 inputs to the valuation methodology are unadjusted quoted prices for identical assets or liabilities in active markets that we have the ability to access.


•	Level 2 inputs to the valuation methodology include:


◦	quoted prices for similar assets or liabilities in active markets;


◦	quoted prices for identical or similar assets or liabilities in inactive markets;


◦	inputs other than quoted prices that are observable for the asset or liability; and


◦	inputs that are derived principally from or corroborated by observable market data by correlation or other means.


•	Level 3 inputs to the valuation methodology are unobservable and significant to the fair value measurement.

Assets are classified in their entirety based on the lowest level of input that is significant to the fair value measurement. We believe our valuation methods are appropriate and consistent with other market participants. The use of different methodologies or assumptions to determine the fair value of certain financial instruments could result in a different fair value measurement at the reporting date.

The following table presents our fair value hierarchy for those assets and liabilities measured at fair value on a recurring basis (in millions):



	June 30, 2020								December 31, 2019
	Carrying amount		Fair value						Carrying amount		Fair value
	Carrying amount		Level 1		Level 2		Level 3		Carrying amount		Level 1		Level 2		Level 3
Assets:
Cash and cash equivalents (Note 1)	$	228.2	$	228.2	$	—	$	—	$	15.4	$	15.4	$	—	$	—

Liabilities:
Interest rate swaps (Note 10)	48.4		—		48.4		—		21.9		—		21.9		—
Contingent consideration	9.6		—		—		9.6		9.0		—		—		9.0

The fair value of contingent consideration was primarily determined using a third-party valuation based on significant estimates and assumptions, including Level 3 inputs. The estimates and assumptions include the projected timing and amount of future cash flows and discount rates reflecting the rate inherent in the future cash flows.

The following table presents a summary of the change in fair value of our contingent consideration (in millions):



Beginning balance, December 31, 2019	$	9.0
Collateral Analytics acquisition (Note 2)	0.6
Ending balance, June 30, 2020	$	9.6

- Definition

The entire disclosure for the fair value of financial instruments (as defined), including financial assets and financial liabilities (collectively, as defined), and the measurements of those instruments as well as disclosures related to the fair value of non-financial assets and liabilities. Such disclosures about the financial instruments, assets, and liabilities would include: (1) the fair value of the required items together with their carrying amounts (as appropriate); (2) for items for which it is not practicable to estimate fair value, disclosure would include: (a) information pertinent to estimating fair value (including, carrying amount, effective interest rate, and maturity, and (b) the reasons why it is not practicable to estimate fair value; (3) significant concentrations of credit risk including: (a) information about the activity, region, or economic characteristics identifying a concentration, (b) the maximum amount of loss the entity is exposed to based on the gross fair value of the related item, (c) policy for requiring collateral or other security and information as to accessing such collateral or security, and (d) the nature and brief description of such collateral or security; (4) quantitative information about market risks and how such risks are managed; (5) for items measured on both a recurring and nonrecurring basis information regarding the inputs used to develop the fair value measurement; and (6) for items presented in the financial statement for which fair value measurement is elected: (a) information necessary to understand the reasons for the election, (b) discussion of the effect of fair value changes on earnings, (c) a description of [similar groups] items for which the election is made and the relation thereof to the balance sheet, the aggregate carrying value of items included in the balance sheet that are not eligible for the election; (7) all other required (as defined) and desired information.

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