UNITED STATES

SECURITIES AND EXCHANGE COMMISSION

Washington, D.C. 20549

FORM 10-K

ý ANNUAL REPORT PURSUANT TO SECTION 13 OR 15(d) OF THE SECURITIES EXCHANGE ACT OF 1934

For the fiscal year ended March 31, 2019

OR

¨ TRANSITION REPORT PURSUANT TO SECTION 13 OR 15(d) OF THE SECURITIES EXCHANGE ACT OF 1934

For the transition period from                      to                     .

Commission file number 001-37454

CSW INDUSTRIALS, INC.

(Exact name of registrant as specified in its charter)

Delaware	47-2266942
(state or other jurisdiction of incorporation or organization)	(I.R.S. Employer Identification No.)
5420 Lyndon B. Johnson Freeway, Suite 500, Dallas, Texas	75240
(Address of principal executive offices)	(zip code)

(214) 884-3777

Registrant’s telephone number, including area code:

Securities registered pursuant to Section 12(b) of the Act:

Title of each class	Trading symbol (s)	Name of each exchange on which registered
Common Stock, par value $0.01 per share	CSWI	Nasdaq Stock Market LLC

Securities registered pursuant to section 12(g) of the Act: None

Indicate by check mark if the registrant is a well-known seasoned issuer, as defined in Rule 405 of the Securities Act.    Yes  ¨    No  ý

Indicate by check mark if the registrant is not required to file reports pursuant to Section 13 or Section 15(d) of the Act.    Yes  ¨    No  ý

Indicate by check mark whether the registrant (1) has filed all reports required to be filed by Section 13 or 15(d) of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934 during the preceding 12 months (or for such shorter period that the registrant was required to file such reports) and (2) has been subject to such filing requirements for the past 90 days.    Yes  ý    No  ¨

Indicate by check mark whether the registrant has submitted electronically and posted on its corporate Web site, if any, every Interactive Data File required to be submitted and posted pursuant to Rule 405 of Regulation S-T (§232.405 of this chapter) during the preceding 12 months (or for such shorter period that the registrant was required to submit and post such files).    Yes  ý    No  ¨

Indicate by check mark if disclosure of delinquent filers pursuant to Item 405 of Regulation S-K (§229.405) is not contained herein, and will not be contained, to the best of the registrant’s knowledge, in definitive proxy or information statements incorporated by reference in Part III of this Form 10-K or any amendment to this Form 10-K. ý 

Indicate by check mark whether the registrant is a large accelerated filer, an accelerated filer, a non-accelerated filer, smaller reporting company, or an emerging growth company. See the definitions of “large accelerated filer,” “accelerated filer,” “smaller reporting company,” and “emerging growth company” in Rule 12b-2 of the Exchange Act.

Large accelerated filer ¨  Accelerated filer ý Non-accelerated filer ¨ (Do not check if smaller reporting company)
Smaller reporting company ¨    Emerging growth company ¨   

If an emerging growth company, indicate by check mark if the registrant has elected not to use the extended transition period for complying with any new or revised financial accounting standards provided pursuant to Section 13(a) of the Exchange Act. ¨

Indicate by check mark whether the registrant is a shell company (as defined in Rule 12b-2 of the Exchange Act).    Yes  ¨    No  ý

The aggregate market value of the registrant’s common stock held by non-affiliates, based on the last sale price for the common stock as reported by the Nasdaq Global Select Market on September 30, 2018 the last business day of our most recently completed second fiscal quarter was approximately $553.0 million.

As of May 17, 2019, the latest practicable date, 15,024,159 shares of the registrant’s common stock, par value $0.01 per share, were issued and outstanding.

DOCUMENTS INCORPORATED BY REFERENCE

Certain information contained in the definitive proxy statement for the registrant’s Annual Meeting of Stockholders is incorporated by reference into Part III hereof.

TABLE OF CONTENTS

PART I
ITEM 1:	Business	1
ITEM 1A:	Risk Factors	8
ITEM 1B:	Unresolved Staff Comments	16
ITEM 2:	Properties	16
ITEM 3:	Legal Proceedings	16
ITEM 4:	Mine Safety Disclosures	16
PART II
ITEM 5:	Market for Registrant’s Common Equity, Related Stockholder Matters and Issuer Purchases of Equity Securities	17
ITEM 6:	Selected Financial Data	19
ITEM 7:	Management’s Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations	20
ITEM 7A:	Quantitative and Qualitative Disclosures About Market Risk	31
ITEM 8:	Financial Statements and Supplementary Data	32
ITEM 9:	Changes In and Disagreements With Accountants on Accounting and Financial Disclosure	67
ITEM 9A:	Controls and Procedures	67
ITEM 9B:	Other Information	69
PART III
ITEM 10:	Directors, Executive Officers and Corporate Governance	69
ITEM 11:	Executive Compensation	69
ITEM 12:	Security Ownership of Certain Beneficial Owners and Management and Related Stockholder Matters	69
ITEM 13:	Certain Relationships and Related Transactions, and Director Independence	69
ITEM 14:	Principal Accounting Fees and Services	69
PART IV
ITEM 15:	Exhibits, Financial Statement Schedules	69
SIGNATURES		72
EX-21.1
EX-23.1
EX-31.1
EX-31.2
EX-32.1
EX-32.2
EX-101 XBRL Instance Document
EX-101 XBRL Taxonomy Extension Schema
EX-101 XBRL Taxonomy Extension Calculation Linkbase Document
EX-101 XBRL Taxonomy Extension Definition Linkbase Document
EX-101 XBRL Taxonomy Extension Label Linkbase Document
EX-101 XBRL Taxonomy Extension Presentation Linkbase Document

PART I

Unless otherwise specified, or the context otherwise requires, the references in this Annual Report on Form 10-K for the fiscal year ended March 31, 2019 (“Annual Report”) to “our company,” “we,” “us,” “our” or “CSWI” refer to CSW Industrials, Inc. together with our wholly-owned subsidiaries.

ITEM 1: BUSINESS

General

CSWI is a diversified industrial growth company with well-established, scalable platforms and domain expertise across two business segments: Industrial Products and Specialty Chemicals. Our broad portfolio of leading products provides performance optimizing solutions to our customers. Our products include mechanical products for heating, ventilation, air conditioning and refrigeration (“HVAC/R”), sealants, building products, specialty mechanical products and high-performance specialty lubricants. Markets that we serve include HVAC/R, industrial, rail, plumbing, architecturally-specified building products, energy, mining and other general industrial markets. Our manufacturing operations are concentrated in the United States (“U.S.”) and Canada, but we also have distribution operations in Australia, Canada and the United Kingdom (“U.K.”). Our products are sold directly to end users or through designated channels in over 100 countries around the world, including: Australia, Brazil, Canada, China, Colombia, the Netherlands, Russia, South Africa, Sweden, the U.K. and the U.S.

Drawing on our innovative and proven technologies, we seek to deliver solutions to our professional customers that place a premium on superior performance and reliability. We believe our industrial brands are well-known in the specific industries we serve and have a reputation for high quality and reliability. We rely on both organic growth and acquisitions to provide an increasingly broad portfolio of performance optimizing solutions that meet our customers’ ever-changing needs. We have a successful record of making attractive, synergistic acquisitions in support of this objective, and we remain focused on identifying additional acquisition opportunities in our core markets.

Through our operating companies, we have a well-established legacy of providing high quality products accompanied by dependable service and attention to customer satisfaction. For example, our specialty lubricants were used on the excavation equipment for the Panama Canal. We also have a long history of innovation. We believe that we were the first to develop a method for removing internal acid from air conditioning and refrigeration systems, pioneering the market for acid neutralizers. We partner with our customers to solve specific challenges, such as environment-friendly lubricants, which were specifically developed to provide high performance in rail applications combined with biodegradability and no eco-toxicity and to satisfy strict environmental requirements.

CSWI is a Delaware corporation and was incorporated in 2014 in anticipation of CSWI's separation from Capital Southwest Corporation ("Capital Southwest"). However, our history dates back many decades through our well-established operating companies. The separation was executed on September 30, 2015 through a pro-rata share distribution of all the then outstanding shares of common stock of CSWI to the holders of common stock of Capital Southwest (the "Share Distribution"). Since the separation, CSWI has been an independent, publicly-traded company, listed on the Nasdaq Global Select Market.

We file annual, quarterly and current reports, proxy statements and other information with the U.S. Securities and Exchange Commission (“SEC”). Our SEC filings are available to the public through the Internet at the SEC’s website at www.sec.gov. We also make these filings available free of charge on our Internet website at www.cswindustrials.com as soon as reasonably practicable after we electronically file those documents with the SEC. The information on or accessible through our website is not incorporated by reference into, or otherwise made part of, this Annual Report.

Business Segments

We operate in two business segments: Industrial Products and Specialty Chemicals. The table below provides an overview of these business segments. For financial information regarding our segments, see Note 19 to our consolidated financial statements included in Item 8 of this Annual Report.

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Business Segment	Principal Product Categories	Key End Use Markets	Representative Industrial Brands
Industrial Products	•      Specialty mechanical products •      Fire and smoke protection products •      Architecturally-specified building products •      Storage, filtration and application equipment for use with our specialty chemicals and other products for general industrial applications	•      Plumbing •      HVAC/R •      Refrigeration •      Electrical •      Commercial construction •      Rail car and locomotive •      General industrial
Specialty Chemicals	•      Lubricants and greases •      Drilling compounds •      Anti-seize compounds •      Chemical formulations •      Degreasers and cleaners •      Penetrants •      Pipe thread sealants •      Firestopping sealants and caulks •      Adhesives/solvent cements	• Energy • Drilling and boring • Water well drilling • Mining • Rail • Steel • Power generation • Cement • Aviation • Plumbing • HVAC/R • Electrical • Oil and gas • Commercial construction • General industrial • Refrigeration

Industrial Products

Our Industrial Products segment consists of: specialty mechanical products; fire and smoke protection products; architecturally-specified building products; and storage, filtration and application equipment for use with our specialty chemicals and other products for general industrial applications. Generally, we manufacture industrial products internally, although we strategically engage third-party manufacturers for certain products. We ensure the quality of internally- and externally-manufactured products through our stringent quality control review procedures. Our building products are eco-friendly, enabling them to be easily incorporated into the “Green Building” market. Our key product types and brand names are shown below:

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PRODUCT TYPES	BRAND NAMES
Specialty Mechanical Products
•      condensate switches, traps and pans	•      Airtec®
•      line set covers	•      All-Access™
•      condensate removal pumps and equipment mounting brackets	•      ArmorPad™
•      air diffusers for use by professional air conditioning contractors	•      Clean Check®
•      tamper resistant locking refrigerant caps	•      EZ Trap®
•      ductless mini-split systems installation support tools	•      Fortress®
•      drain waste and vent systems mechanical products	•      Goliath® Pans
•      decorative roof drain downspout nozzles	•      G-O-N®
•      wire pulling head tools	•      Hubsett™
•      equipment pads	•      Magic Vent®
	•      Mighty Bracket™
	•      Novent®
	•      Safe-T-Switch®
	•      Slim Duct™
	•      SureSeal®
	•      Titan™ Pans
	•      Wire Grabber™
Fire and Smoke Protection Products
•      fire-rated and smoke-rated opening protective systems	•      Smoke Guard®
Architecturally-Specified Building Products
•      expansion joint covers	•       Balco®
•      fire barriers	•       DuraFlex™
•      specialty silicone seals	•       Greco™
•      stair nosings	•       llumiTread™
•      partition closure systems	•       MetaBlock™
•      entrance mats and grids	•       MetaFlex™
•      photoluminescent egress markings and signage	•       MetaGrate™
•      trench and access covers	•       MetaMat™
•      architectural grating	•       Michael Rizza™
•      engineered railing	•       UltraGrid™
Storage, Filtration and Application Equipment
•      lubrication application and management systems	•       Air Sentry®
•      storage and filtration devices	• Guardian®
	•       Oil Safe®
	•       Whitmore Rail™

New Product Development – Customer experience is a core competency in our Industrial Products segment. We gather "voice of the customer" market research through organized focus groups and online surveys, as well as through less formal channels. Ideas for new products or enhancements to existing products are also generated by our relationships with end users, independent sales representatives, distributors and our internal sales and marketing team. We also actively monitor the competitive landscape using a variety of methods. We develop new products and modify existing products in our research and development (“R&D”) labs in Houston, Texas; Rockwall, Texas; Boise, Idaho; Wichita, Kansas.

Competition – Our competition in the Industrial Products segment is varied. Competitors range from small entrepreneurial companies with a single product, to large multinational original equipment manufacturers (“OEMs”). In the specialty mechanical products category, we compete with Diversitech, Supco, Little Giant, Mitsubishi, Cherne, Mainline and JR Smith. Most of our products are sold through distribution channels, and we compete in this channel based on breadth of product line, customer service and pricing. In the fire and smoke protection category, we compete with Won Door, Stoebich, McKeon and others, typically on the basis of product innovation, knowledge of building codes and customer service. In the architecturally-

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specified building products category, we compete primarily with Emseal, Inpro, and MM Systems on the basis of product innovation, price and driving architectural specifications. In the lubricant storage, filtration and transfer space, we compete with Des-Case, Hy-Pro, IFH and others on the basis of superior performance, brand strength and breadth of product line.

Customers – Our primary customers for specialty mechanical products are HVAC/R, plumbing and electrical wholesalers and distributors. Some of these are single location distributors, but many are regional or national in scope with hundreds of locations. The majority of these products are sold domestically; however, a small portion is sold internationally through similar channels, and a small number of OEMs purchase these products directly. Fire and smoke protection products are sold through local building products distributors that also perform installations and service. Architecturally-specified building products are sold primarily through a network of distributors. Storage, filtration and application products are marketed and sold worldwide through a service-intensive distribution network.

Seasonality – A significant portion of our products are sold into the HVAC/R market, which is seasonal by nature. While products are sold throughout the year, sales tend to peak during the spring and summer months.

Specialty Chemicals

Our Specialty Chemicals segment manufactures and supplies highly specialized consumables that impart or enhance properties such as lubricity, anti-seize qualities, friction, sealing and heat control. In addition, the segment includes penetrants, pipe thread sealants, firestopping sealants and caulks and adhesives/solvent cements, which are primarily manufactured internally. These materials are typically used in harsh operating conditions, including extreme heat and pressure and chemical exposure, where commodity products would fail. These products protect and extend the working life of large capital equipment such as cranes, rail systems, mining equipment, oil rigs and rotating and grinding equipment found in various industrial segments such as steel mills, canning and bottling, mining and cement. Additionally, our Specialty Chemicals segment manufactures and supplies specialty products used in the HVAC/R and building markets. These products enhance, repair or condition the internal working systems of both industrial and residential systems and are critical to ensuring safe, efficient and effective long-term operational integrity. The Specialty Chemicals segment also supplies products and services into the water well treatment space, which includes testing services and diagnosis of current conditions, coupled with consumable solutions to resolve any identified problems. Our key product types and brand names are shown below:

PRODUCT TYPES	BRAND NAMES
• railroad track lubricants, conditioners and positive friction    consumables	• AC Leak Freeze®
• oil field anti-seize products for drilling and conveyance piping	• BioRail®
• open gear specialty lubricants for heavy equipment	• Deacon®
• specialty lubricants for various industrial applications	• Decathlon™
• water well treatment products and services	• Envirolube®
• chemical sealants to stop air-conditioning refrigerant leaks	• Gearmate®
• engineered specialty thread sealants designed to seal and secure metal	• KATS® Coatings
• specialty sealants for high temperature applications	• KOPR-KOTE®
• solvent cements and fire stop caulks	• Medallion™
	• Metacaulk®
	• Paragon™
	• Rail Armor®
	• RectorSeal No. 5®
	• Run-N-Seal®
	• Sterilene™
	• Surtac®
	• T Plus 2®
	• TOR Armor®
	• Tru-Blu™
	• Unicid™
	• Well-Guard®
	• Whitcam®

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New Product Development – We develop relationships with end-users and channel partners to understand existing and new operating conditions where technical innovation or enhancement is needed. For example, these relationships have generated innovation in the areas of modifying existing lubrication products to operate in arctic conditions or modifying an existing product for use in an application where salt water may be present. The development teams located in Rockwall, Texas and Houston, Texas are also actively defining new end markets for product use and penetration.

Competition – In general, our products are specialty products, rather than commodity products, and competitors tend to be varied and include global, regional and local companies that may be large or small. We compete primarily on the basis of product differentiation, superior performance, quality and customer-centric service. The product sales cycle is often long when compared to many commodity consumables, resulting in verifiable and repeatable product performance being the key driver of buying decisions, rather than price. As these products protect and enhance the operation of large capital equipment, qualification is based on the proof of value in application, resulting in a high changeover risk barrier. Typical competitors include Shell, Castrol, Fuchs and Exxon-Mobil. Competitors of our sealants and adhesives products include Dow Corning Corporation, Henkel, 3M Company, Specified Technologies Inc. and Hilti.

Customers – Specialty Chemicals products are primarily sold through value-added distribution partners, as well as maintenance and repair operations or catalog channels. Specialty Chemicals provides both market-specific and product line-specific training to both the distribution partners and potential end users. Our specialists often visit end users with our distribution partners to advise on critical application issues, which enhances our ability to both “pull” demand from the end-user and “push” demand to the distributor partner. Specialty Chemicals customers include petrochemical facilities, industrial manufacturers, construction, utilities, plant maintenance customers, building contractors and repair service companies.

Discontinued Operations

During the third quarter of the year ended March 31, 2018, we committed to a plan to divest our Strathmore Products business (the "Coatings business"). As a result, we reclassified the assets comprising that business to assets held-for-sale, and made a corresponding adjustment to our consolidated statements of operations to reflect discontinued operations for all periods presented. During the quarter ended September 30, 2018, we received an aggregate of $6.9 million for the sale of assets that related to our Coatings business in multiple transactions.

Our Competitive Strengths

As discussed in this section, we believe we have a variety of competitive strengths.

Broad Portfolio of Industry Leading Products and Solutions

We have a broad portfolio of products with leading industry positions in our targeted end markets. We believe our products and solutions are differentiated from those of our competitors by superior performance, quality and total value delivered to customers. For example, RectorSeal No. 5® is widely regarded as an industry standard for thread sealants for HVAC/R, plumbing and electrical configurations. Additionally, we believe KOPR-KOTE® is recognized as the anti-seize compound of choice for use in oil and gas drilling operations, where it is requested by name.

Organic Revenue Growth Platform and Operating Performance

We focus on end markets with strong growth trends, continuously evaluating the potential uses of existing products to broaden our market penetration. We have a loyal customer base that recognizes the performance and quality of our products and solutions. Further, our customer base is diverse. For the year ended March 31, 2019, no single customer represented 10% or more of our net revenues.

These factors have enabled us to generate strong organic revenue growth performance, but we are also focused on continually improving our profitability through optimizing our manufacturing processes. This effort is supported by a culture of operational efficiency, where we continually look to refine processes in all of our manufacturing facilities to reduce manufacturing costs, increase production capacity and improve product quality. Additionally, we often evaluate strategic investments to drive transformational changes in our manufacturing processes. For example, in both of our reportable segments, we have taken actions to consolidate our manufacturing footprint in order to optimize capacity, improve efficiency and leverage technologies while enhancing product quality.

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Diverse Sales and Distribution Channels

Many of our products are sold through service-intensive distribution networks where product knowledge and customer satisfaction are key success factors. We primarily market through an international network of both internal and third-party sales representatives that call on our wholesale distributors, contractors and direct customers. The strong, long-term relationships we have developed with our wholesale distribution partners and exclusive dealers allow us to successfully introduce new products, including both newly developed and acquired products. In addition, our extensive distribution network allows us to reach and serve niche end markets that provide organic growth opportunities and form a key component of our acquisition strategy.

Focus on Inorganic Growth Investment with Proven Track Record

We believe our experience in identifying, completing and integrating acquisitions is one of our core competitive strengths, as evidenced by over 30 acquisitions that we have successfully completed since 1991. Historically, we have pursued product-line acquisitions with relatively low integration risk that have the potential to benefit from our extensive distribution network and manufacturing efficiencies. More recently, we began targeting commercially-proven products and solutions that are attractive in our existing end markets, or that provide entry into new, complementary end markets where we can drive revenue growth and improved profitability and free cash flow.

In the fourth quarter of the fiscal year ended March 31, 2019 and in early fiscal year 2020, we acquired two companies: MSD Research, Inc., including its leading All-Access™ line of air conditioning condensate switches and line cleanouts; and Petersen Metals, a designer, manufacturer and installer of engineered railings and safety systems for institutional and commercial structures in the Southeast U.S. We invested a total of approximately $22 million for both acquisitions. We did not complete any acquisitions during the year ended March 31, 2018. We completed one acquisition during the fiscal year ended March 31, 2017, where we acquired Greco Aluminum Railings, a leading manufacturer of high-quality engineered railing and safety systems for multi-family and commercial structures.

Culture of Product Enhancement and Customer Centric Solutions

Our highly-trained and specialized personnel work closely with our customers, industry experts and research partners to continuously improve our existing products to meet evolving customer and market requirements. We focus on product enhancements and product line extensions that are designed to meet the specific application needs of our customers. We believe this focus has helped us build strong industrial brands and develop a reputation for high quality, in turn leading us to realize improved customer retention and loyalty. Further, our ability to meet the needs of high-value, niche end markets with customized solutions that leverage our existing products has enabled us to differentiate ourselves from larger competitors that may not be as willing or able to respond quickly to evolving customer demands.

Our Growth Strategy

We are focused on creating long-term stockholder value by increasing our revenue, profitability and free cash flow. To that end, we focus on strategic end markets that yield sustainable growth and on expanding market share by growing the portfolio of products through new product development and targeted acquisitions. As discussed below, we believe there are three key drivers of our growth.

We Leverage Existing Customer Relationships and Products and Solutions

We expect to drive revenue growth by leveraging our reputation for providing high quality products to our long-standing customer base. Our team of sales representatives, engineers and other technical personnel continues to proactively collaborate with our distributors and end users to enhance and adapt existing products and solutions to meet evolving customer needs. In addition, we seek to leverage our existing customer base to cross-sell our products and solutions across our two business segments, thereby driving organic growth.

We Innovate New Products to Accelerate Organic Growth

The collaborative relationships and open feedback channels we have with our distributors and end users allow us to add value not only through enhancing and adapting existing products and solutions, but also through efficiently developing new products and solutions to meet existing and future customer needs. Our research and development, sales and marketing personnel work together to identify product opportunities and methodically pursue development of innovative new products. Through developing new products and solutions to both address new markets and complement our product portfolio in markets we currently serve, we create increased opportunities to drive organic growth.

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We Invest in Focused Acquisitions that Leverage our Distribution Channels

While we are focused on new product development, improving our existing products and penetrating new markets with these products, we expect to continue to identify and execute acquisitions that will broaden our portfolio of products and offer attractive risk-adjusted returns. We primarily focus on commercially proven products and solutions that would benefit from a broader distribution network and are attractive to customers in our targeted end markets. Once acquired, we strive to utilize our extensive distribution networks to increase revenue by selling those products and solutions to our diversified customer base.

Raw Materials and Suppliers

Our products are manufactured using various raw materials, including base oils, copper flake, aluminum, polyvinyl chloride and tetra-hydrofuran. These raw materials are available from numerous sources. We do not depend on a single source of supply for any significant amount of raw materials and we do not anticipate significant shortages of such materials in the future. We generally purchase raw materials and components as needed.

Intellectual Property

We own and maintain a substantial portfolio of trademarks and patents relating to the names and designs of our products. We consider our trademarks and patents to be valuable assets. In addition, our pool of proprietary information, consisting of know-how and trade secrets related to the design, manufacture and operation of our products, is considered particularly valuable. Accordingly, we take proactive measures to protect proprietary information. In aggregate, we own the rights to the products that we manufacture and sell and are not materially encumbered by licensing or franchise agreements. Our trademarks can typically be renewed indefinitely as long as they remain in use, whereas our patents generally expire 10 to 20 years from the dates they were filed. Our patents expire from time to time, but we do not believe that the expiration of any individual patent will have a material adverse impact on our business, financial condition or results of operations.

Export Regulations

We are subject to export control regulations in countries from which we export products and services. These controls may apply by virtue of the country in which the products are located or by virtue of the origin of the content contained in the products. The level of control generally depends on the nature of the goods and services in question. Where controls apply, we typically need an export license or authorization (either on a per-product or per transaction basis) or the transaction must qualify for a license exception or the equivalent. In certain cases corresponding reporting requirements may apply. See Note 19 to our consolidated financial statements included in Item 8 of this Annual Report for financial and other information regarding our operations on a geographical basis.

Environmental Regulations

Our operations are subject to certain foreign, federal, state and local regulatory requirements relating to environmental, waste management, labor and health and safety matters. Management believes that our business is operated in material compliance with all such regulations. To date, the cost of such compliance has not had a material impact on our capital expenditures, earnings or competitive position or that of our operating subsidiaries. While we have implemented policies, practices and procedures to prevent and mitigate risks, violations may occur in the future as a result of human error, equipment failure or other causes. Further, we cannot predict the nature, scope or effect of future environmental legislation or regulatory requirements that could be imposed, or how existing or future laws or regulations will be administered or interpreted.

Employees

As of March 31, 2019, we employed approximately 730 individuals within our continuing operations. Of these employees, 22 are represented by unions. We believe relations with our employees throughout our operations are generally positive, including those employees represented by unions. No unionized facility accounted for more than 10% of our consolidated revenues for the year ended March 31, 2019.

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ITEM 1A: RISK FACTORS

Consider carefully the following risk factors, which we believe are the principal risks that we face and of which we are currently aware, and the other information in this Annual Report, including our consolidated financial statements and related notes to those financial statements. It is possible that additional risks and uncertainties not presently known to us, or that we currently deem immaterial, may also impair our business operations.

The industries in which we operate are highly competitive, and many of our products are in highly competitive markets. We may lose market share to producers of other products that directly compete with or that can be substituted for our products.

The industries in which we operate are highly competitive, and we face significant competition from both large domestic and international competitors and from smaller regional competitors. Our competitors may improve their competitive position in our served markets by successfully introducing new or substitute products, improving their manufacturing processes or expanding their capacity or manufacturing facilities. Further, some of our competitors benefit from advantageous cost positions that could make it increasingly difficult for us to compete in markets for less-differentiated applications. If we are unable to keep pace with our competitors’ products and manufacturing process innovations or cost position, our financial condition and results of operations could be materially adversely affected.

Adverse changes in global economic conditions, particularly in the U.S., could materially adversely affect our financial position, results of operations and cash flows.

Our served industries and key end markets are affected by changes in economic conditions outside our control, which can affect our business in many ways. Reduced demand may cause us and our competitors to compete on the basis of price, which would have a negative impact on our revenues and profitability. In turn, this could cause us to not be able to satisfy the financial and other covenants to which we are subject under our existing indebtedness. Reduced demand may also hinder our growth plans and otherwise delay or impede execution of our long-term strategic plan and capital allocation strategy. If there is deterioration in the general economy or in the industries we serve, our business, results of operations and financial condition could be materially adversely affected.

Our attempts to address evolving customer needs requires that we continually enhance our products. Our efforts to enhance our products may not be commercially viable and failure to develop commercially successful products or keep pace with our competitors could harm our business and results of operations.

A failure to develop commercially successful products or product enhancements or to identify product extensions could materially adversely affect our financial results. If our attempts to develop or enhance products is unsuccessful, we may be unable to recover our development costs, which could have an adverse effect on our business and results of operations. In addition, our inability to enhance or develop products that can meet the evolving needs of our customers, including a failure to do so that results in our products lagging those of new or existing competitors, could reduce demand for our products and may have a material adverse effect on our business and results of operations.

Certain end markets that we serve are cyclical, which can cause significant fluctuations in our results of operations and cash flows.

The cyclical nature of the supply and demand balance of certain end markets that we serve, including manufacturing, construction, energy and mining, poses risks to us that are beyond our control and can affect our operating results. These markets are highly competitive; are driven to a large extent by end-use markets; and may experience overcapacity, all of which may affect demand for and pricing of our products and result in volatile operating results and cash flows over our business cycle. In particular, our operations and earnings may be significantly affected by changes in oil, gas and petrochemical prices and drilling activities, which depend on local, regional and global events or conditions that affect supply and demand for the relevant commodity. Future growth in product demand may not be sufficient to utilize current or future capacity. Excess industry capacity may continue to depress our volumes and margins on some products. Our operating results, accordingly, may be volatile as a result of excess industry capacity, as well as from rising energy and raw materials costs.

Our acquisition and integration of businesses could negatively impact our financial results.

Acquiring businesses involves a number of financial, accounting, managerial, operational, legal, compliance and other risks and challenges, including the following, any of which could adversely affect our financial statements:

•any acquired business, technology, service or product could under-perform relative to our expectations and the price that we paid for it, not achieve cost savings or other synergies in accordance with our anticipated timetable or require us to take an impairment related to the acquired business;

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•we may decide to divest businesses, technologies, services or products for financial, strategic or other reasons, which may require significant financial and managerial resources and may result in unfavorable accounting treatment;

•we may incur or assume significant debt in connection with our acquisitions, which would increase our leverage and interest expense, thereby reducing funds available to us for purposes such as working capital, capital expenditures, research and development and other general corporate purposes;

•pre-closing and post-closing earnings and charges could adversely impact operating results in any given period, and the impact may be substantially different from period to period;

•the process of integrating acquired operations may create operating difficulties and may require significant financial and managerial resources that would otherwise be available for existing operations;

•we could experience difficulty in integrating financial and other controls and systems;

•we may lose key employees or customers of the acquired company;

•we may assume liabilities that are unknown or for which our indemnification rights are insufficient, or known or contingent liabilities may be greater than anticipated; and

•conforming the acquired company's standards, process, procedures and controls, including accounting systems and controls, with our operations could cause deficiencies related to our internal control over financial reporting or exposure to regulatory sanctions resulting from the acquired company's activities.

Loss of key suppliers, the inability to secure raw materials on a timely basis, or our inability to pass commodity price increases on to customers could have an adverse effect on our business.

Materials used in our manufacturing operations are generally available on the open market from multiple sources. However, some of the raw materials we use are only available from a limited number of sources; accordingly, any disruptions to a critical suppliers' operations could have a material adverse effect on our business and results of operations. Availability and cost of raw materials could be affected by a number of factors, including the condition of the energy industry and other commodity prices; tariffs and duties on imported materials; foreign currency exchange rates; and phases of the general business cycle and global demand. We may be unable to pass along price increases to our customers, which could have a material adverse effect on our business and results of operations.

We may be unable to successfully execute and realize the expected financial benefits from strategic restructuring and other integration and cost-saving initiatives.

From time to time, our business has engaged in strategic restructuring activities and cost savings initiatives, and such activities may occur in the future. These efforts have included consolidating certain manufacturing facilities in a broader effort to streamline and rationalize our manufacturing processes as we further integrate our operations.

While we expect meaningful financial benefits from our strategic restructuring and other cost-saving initiatives, we may not realize the full benefits expected within the anticipated time frame. Adverse effects from restructuring activities could interfere with our realization of anticipated synergies, customer service improvements and cost savings from these strategic initiatives. Additionally, our ability to fully realize the benefits and implement restructuring programs may be limited by certain contractual commitments. Moreover, because such expenses are difficult to predict, we may incur substantial expenses in connection with the execution of restructuring plans in excess of what is forecasted. Further, restructuring activities are a complex and time-consuming process that can place substantial demands on management, which could divert attention from other business priorities or disrupt our daily operations. Any of these failures could materially adversely affect our business, financial condition, results of operations and cash flows, which could constrain our liquidity.

If these measures are not successful or sustainable, we may undertake additional restructuring and cost reduction efforts, which could result in future charges. Moreover, our ability to achieve our other strategic goals and business plans may be adversely affected, and we could experience business disruptions with customers and elsewhere if our past or future restructuring efforts prove ineffective.

We rely on independent distributors as a channel to market for many of our products. Termination of a substantial number of our distributor relationships or an increase in a distributor's sales of our competitors’ products could have a material adverse effect on our business, financial condition, results of operations or cash flows.

We depend on the services of domestic and international independent distributors to sell our products and, in many cases, provide service and aftermarket support to end users of our products. Rather than serving as passive conduits for delivery of products, our distributors play a significant role in determining which of our products are available for purchase by contractors to service end users. While the use of distributors expands the reach and customer base for our products, the maintenance and administration of distributor relationships is costly and time consuming. The loss of a substantial number of our distributors could have a material adverse effect on our business, financial condition, results of operations or cash flows. In certain

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international jurisdictions, distributors are conferred certain legal rights that could limit our ability to modify or terminate distribution relationships.

Many of the distributors with whom we transact business also offer competitors’ products and services to our customers. An increase in the distributors’ sales of our competitors’ products to our customers, or a decrease in the number of our products the distributor makes available for purchase, could have a material adverse effect on our business, financial condition, results of operations or cash flows.

Growth of our business will depend in part on market awareness of our industrial brands, and any failure to develop, maintain, protect or enhance our industrial brands would hurt our ability to retain or attract customers.

We believe that building and maintaining market awareness, brand recognition and goodwill is critical to our success. This will depend largely on our ability to continue to provide high-quality products, and we may not be able to do so effectively. Our efforts in developing our industrial brands may be affected by the marketing efforts of our competitors and our reliance on our independent dealers, distributors and strategic partners to promote our industrial brands effectively. If we are unable to cost-effectively maintain and increase positive awareness of our industrial brands, our businesses, results of operations and financial condition could be harmed.

We are dependent on third party manufacturers for certain products that we sell.

We use third parties to manufacture certain of our products, most of which are located in foreign jurisdictions. To the extent that we rely on third parties to perform these functions, we will not be able to directly control product delivery schedules and quality assurance. This lack of control may result in product shortages or quality assurance problems that could delay shipments of products, increase manufacturing, assembly, testing or other costs or diminish our brand recognition or relationships with our customers. If a third party manufacturer experiences capacity constraints or financial difficulties, suffers damage to its facilities, experiences power outages, natural disasters, labor shortages or labor strikes, or any other disruption of assembly or testing capacity, we may not be able to obtain alternative manufacturing in a timely manner or on commercially acceptable terms.

Since most of the third party manufacturers we use are located outside of the U.S., the availability of and the prices we pay for product can be affected by domestic and international trade policies. This includes the imposition of new or increased tariffs and duties on exported and imported products, foreign currency exchange rates, and phases of the general business cycle and global economic conditions. Any of these factors could impact the availability of or materially increase the cost of manufactured products we purchase, and we may be unable to secure alternative product sources or pass along price increases to our customers.

We may not be able to consummate acquisitions at our historical rate and at appropriate valuations.

Inorganic growth is an important part of our strategic growth plans, and we seek to acquire businesses, some of which may be material, in pursuit of our plans; please see “Item 1. Business” and “Item 7. Management’s Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations” included in this Annual Report for additional information. Our ability to grow revenues, earnings and cash flow at or above our historic rates depends in part upon our ability to identify, successfully acquire and integrate businesses at accretive valuations and realize anticipated synergies. Our inability to do so could adversely impact our growth rate and our stock price. Our ability to implement our inorganic growth strategy will be limited by our ability to identify appropriate acquisition candidates, which are difficult to identify for a number of reasons, including high valuations and competition among prospective buyers. Covenants in our credit agreement and our financial resources, including available cash and borrowing capacity, will also limit our ability to consummate acquisitions, which may require additional debt financing, resulting in higher leverage and an increase in interest expense. Changes in accounting or regulatory requirements could also adversely impact our ability to consummate acquisitions.

Our relationships with our employees could deteriorate, which could adversely affect our operations.

As a manufacturing company, we rely on a positive relationship with our employees to produce our products and maintain our production processes and productivity. As of March 31, 2019, we had approximately 730 full-time employees in our continuing operations, of which 22 were subject to collective bargaining agreements. If our workers were to engage in a strike, work stoppage or other slowdown, our operations could be disrupted, or we could experience higher labor costs. In addition, if significant portions of our employees were to become unionized, we could experience significant operating disruptions and higher ongoing labor costs, which could adversely affect our business, financial condition and results of operations.

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Loss of key personnel or our inability to attract and retain new qualified personnel could hurt our business and inhibit our ability to operate and grow successfully.

Our success in the highly competitive end markets in which we operate will continue to depend to a significant extent on the experience and expertise of our senior leaders. Loss of the services of any of these individuals could have an adverse effect on our business. Further, we may not be able to retain or recruit qualified individuals to join our company. The loss of executive officers or other key employees could result in high transition costs and could disrupt our operations.

Chemical processing is inherently hazardous, which could result in accidents that disrupt our operations or expose us to significant losses or liabilities.

Hazards associated with chemical processing and the related storage and transportation of raw materials, products and wastes exist in our operations and the operations of other occupants with whom we share manufacturing sites. These hazards could lead to an interruption or suspension of operations and have an adverse effect on the productivity and profitability of a particular manufacturing facility or on us as a whole. These potential risks include, but are not necessarily limited to, chemical spills and other discharges or releases of toxic or hazardous substances or gases, pipeline and storage tank leaks and ruptures, explosions and fires and mechanical failure. These hazards may result in personal injury and loss of life, damage to property and contamination of the environment, which may result in a suspension of operations and the imposition of civil or criminal penalties, including governmental fines, expenses for remediation and claims brought by governmental entities or third parties. The loss or shutdown of operations over an extended period at any of our major operating facilities could have a material adverse effect on our financial condition and results of operations. Our property, business interruption and casualty insurance may not fully insure us against all potential hazards incidental to our business.

Regulation of our employees’ exposure to certain chemicals or other hazardous products could require material expenditures or changes in our operations.

Certain chemicals and other raw materials that we use in the manufacture of our products may have adverse health effects. The Occupational Safety and Health Administration limits the permissible employee exposure to some of those materials. Future studies on the health effects of certain chemicals and materials may result in additional or new regulations that further restrict or prohibit the use of, and exposure to, certain chemicals and materials. Additional regulation of certain chemicals and materials could require us to change our operations, and these changes could affect the quality of our products and materially increase our costs.

Regulatory and statutory changes applicable to us or our customers could adversely affect our financial condition and results of operations.

We and many of our customers are subject to various national, state and local laws, rules and regulations. Changes in any of these areas could result in additional compliance costs, seizures, confiscations, recall or monetary fines, any of which could prevent or inhibit the development, distribution and sale of our products.

In addition, we benefit from certain regulations, including building code regulations, which require the use of products that we and other manufacturers sell. For example, certain environmental regulations may encourage the use of more environmentally friendly products, such as some of the lubricants and greases that we manufacture. If these regulations were to change, demand for our products could be reduced and our results of operations could be adversely affected.

Compliance with extensive environmental, health and safety laws could require material expenditures, changes in our operations or site remediation.

Our operations and properties are subject to regulation under environmental laws, which can impose substantial sanctions for violations. We must conform our operations to applicable regulatory requirements and adapt to changes in such requirements in all jurisdictions in which we operate. Certain materials we use in the manufacture of our products can represent potentially significant health and safety concerns. We use large quantities of hazardous substances and generate hazardous wastes in certain of our manufacturing operations. Consequently, our operations are subject to extensive environmental, health and safety laws and regulations at the international, national, state and local level in multiple jurisdictions. These laws and regulations govern, among other things, air emissions, wastewater discharges, solid and hazardous waste management, site remediation programs and chemical use and management. Many of these laws and regulations have become more stringent over time, and the costs of compliance with these requirements may increase, including costs associated with any necessary capital investments. In addition, our production facilities require operating permits that are subject to renewal and, in some circumstances, revocation. The necessary permits may not be issued or continue in effect, and renewals of any issued permits may contain significant new requirements or restrictions. The nature of the chemical industry exposes us to risks of liability

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due to the use, production, management, storage, transportation and sale of materials that may be hazardous and can cause contamination or personal injury or damage if released into the environment.

Compliance with environmental laws and regulations generally increases the costs of transportation and storage of raw materials and finished products, as well as the costs of storage and disposal of wastes. We may incur substantial costs, including fines, damages, criminal or civil sanctions and remediation costs, or experience interruptions in our operations for violations arising under environmental laws, regulations or permit requirements.

Our permits, licenses, registrations or authorizations and those of our customers or distributors may be modified, suspended, terminated or revoked before their expiration or we and/or they may be unable to renew them upon their expiration. We may bear liability for failure to obtain, maintain or comply with required authorizations.

We are required to obtain and maintain, and may be required to obtain and maintain in the future, various permits, licenses, registrations and authorizations for the ownership or operation of our business, including the manufacturing, distribution, sale and marketing of our products and importing of raw materials. These permits, licenses, registrations and authorizations could be modified, suspended, terminated or revoked or we may be unable to renew them upon their expiration for various reasons, including for non-compliance. These permits, licenses, registrations and authorizations can be difficult, costly and time consuming to obtain and could contain conditions that limit our operations. Our failure to obtain, maintain and comply with necessary permits, licenses, registrations or authorizations for the conduct of our business could result in fines or penalties, which may be significant. Additionally, any such failure could restrict or otherwise prohibit certain aspects of our operations, which could have a material adverse effect on our business, financial condition and results of operations.

Many of our customers and distributors require similar permits, licenses, registrations and authorizations to operate. If a significant customer, distributor or group thereof were to lose an important permit, license, registration or authorization, forcing them to cease or reduce their business, our sales could decrease, which would have a material adverse effect on our business, financial condition and results of operations.

We may inadvertently fail to maintain effective disclosure controls and procedures and internal controls over financial reporting.

Effective internal controls are necessary for us to provide reliable financial reports, effectively prevent fraud and operate successfully as a public company. If we cannot provide reliable financial reports or effectively prevent fraud, our reputation and operating results could be harmed. If we are unable to maintain effective disclosure controls and procedures and internal controls over financial reporting, we may not be able to provide reliable financial reports, which in turn could affect our operating results or cause us to fail to meet our reporting obligations. Ineffective internal controls could also cause investors to lose confidence in reported financial information, which could negatively affect our stock price, limit our ability to access capital markets in the future, and require additional costs to improve internal control systems and procedures.

Our insurance policies may not cover, or fully cover, us against natural disasters, global conflicts or environmental risk.

We currently have insurance policies for certain operating risks, which include certain property damage, including certain aspects of business interruption for certain sites, operational and product liability, transit, directors’ and officers’ liability, industrial accident insurance and other risks customary in the industries in which we operate. However, we may become subject to liability (including in relation to pollution, occupational illnesses, injury resulting from tampering, product contamination or degeneration or other hazards) against which we have not insured or cannot fully insure.

For example, hurricanes may affect our facilities or the failure of our information systems as a result of breakdown, malicious attacks, unauthorized access, viruses or other factors could severely impair several aspects of operations, including, but not limited to, logistics, sales, customer service and administration. In addition, in the event that a product liability or third-party liability claim is brought against us, we may be required to recall our products in certain jurisdictions if they fail to meet relevant quality or safety standards, and we cannot guarantee that we will be successful in making an insurance claim under our policies or that the claimed proceeds will be sufficient to compensate the actual damages suffered.

Should we suffer a major uninsured loss, a product liability judgment against us or a product recall, future earnings could be materially adversely affected. We could be required to increase our debt or divert resources from other investments in our business to discharge product related claims. In addition, adverse publicity in relation to our products could have a significant effect on future sales, and insurance may not continue to be available at economically acceptable premiums. As a result, our insurance coverage may not cover the full scope and extent of claims against us or losses that we incur.

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We may be unable to protect our trademarks, trade secrets, other intellectual property and proprietary information, which could harm our competitive position.

Our ability to protect and preserve our trademarks, trade secrets and other intellectual property and proprietary information relating to our business is an important factor to our success. However, we may be unable to prevent third parties from using our intellectual property and other proprietary information without our authorization or from independently developing intellectual property and other proprietary information that is similar to ours, particularly in those countries where the laws do not protect our proprietary rights to the same degree as in the U.S. In addition, because certain of our products are manufactured by third parties, we have necessarily shared some of our intellectual property with those third parties. There can be no guarantee that those third parties, some of whom are located in jurisdictions where intellectual property risks may be more pronounced, will comply with contractual and other legal commitments to preserve and protect our intellectual property.

The use of our intellectual property and other proprietary information by others could reduce or eliminate any competitive advantage we have developed, potentially causing us to lose sales or otherwise harm our business. If it becomes necessary for us to litigate to protect these rights, any proceedings could be burdensome and costly, and we may not prevail.

Our intellectual property may not provide us with any competitive advantage and may be challenged by third parties. Moreover, our competitors may already hold or in the future may hold intellectual property rights in the U.S. or abroad that, if enforced or issued, could possibly prevail over our rights or otherwise limit our ability to manufacture or sell one or more of our products in the U.S. or internationally. Despite our efforts, we may be sued for infringing on the intellectual property rights of others. This litigation is costly and, even if we prevail, the costs of such litigation could adversely affect our financial condition.

Adequate remedies may not be available in the event of an unauthorized use or disclosure of our trade secrets and manufacturing expertise. The loss of employees who have specialized knowledge and expertise could harm our competitive position and cause our sales and operating results to decline as a result of increased competition. In addition, others may obtain knowledge of our trade secrets through independent development or other access by legal means.

Changes in effective tax rates or adverse outcomes resulting from examination of our income tax returns could adversely affect our results.

We have a complex tax structure and our future effective tax rates could be adversely affected by changes in tax laws, regulations, accounting principles or interpretations thereof. In addition, we are also subject to periodic examination of our income tax returns by the Internal Revenue Service and other tax authorities. We regularly assess the likelihood of adverse outcomes resulting from these examinations to determine the adequacy of our provision for income taxes. There can be no assurance that the outcomes from these examinations will not have a material adverse effect on our business, financial condition and results of operations.

We are also exposed to changes in tax law, as well as any future regulations implementing and interpretations of tax laws, which can impact our current and future years' tax provision. The effect of such tax law changes or regulations and interpretations, as well as any additional tax reform legislation in the U.S., U.K. or elsewhere, could have a material adverse effect on our business, financial condition and results of operations.

Security breaches and other disruptions to our information technology systems could compromise our information, disrupt our operations, and expose us to liability, which may adversely impact our operations.

In the ordinary course of our business, we store sensitive data, including our proprietary business information and that of our customers, suppliers and business partners, and personally identifiable information of our employees in our information technology systems, including in our data centers and on our networks. The secure processing, maintenance and transmission of this data is critical to our operations. Despite our efforts to secure our information systems from cyber-security attacks or breaches, our information technology systems may be vulnerable to attacks by hackers or breached or disrupted due to employee error, malfeasance or other disruptions. Any such attack, breach or disruption could compromise our information technology systems and the information stored in them could be accessed, publicly disclosed, lost or stolen and our business operations could be disrupted. Additionally, any significant disruption or slowdown of our systems could cause customers to cancel orders or cause standard business processes to become inefficient or ineffective, which could adversely affect our financial position, results of operations or cash flows. Any such access, disclosure or other loss of information or business disruption could result in legal claims or proceedings, liability under laws that protect the privacy of personal information, and damage to our reputation, which could adversely impact our operations.

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We are subject to the U.S. Foreign Corrupt Practices Act and other anti-corruption laws, as well as other laws governing our operations. If we fail to comply with these laws, we could be subject to civil or criminal penalties, other remedial measures, and legal expenses, which could adversely affect our business, financial condition and results of operations.

Our operations are subject to anti-corruption laws, including the U.S. Foreign Corrupt Practices Act (“FCPA”), and other anti-corruption laws that apply in countries where we do business. The FCPA and these other laws generally prohibit us and our employees and intermediaries from bribing, being bribed or making other prohibited payments to government officials or other persons to obtain or retain business or gain some other business advantage. We conduct business in a number of jurisdictions that pose a high risk of potential FCPA violations, and we participate in relationships with third parties whose actions could potentially subject us to liability under the FCPA or other anti-corruption laws. In addition, we cannot predict the nature, scope or effect of future regulatory requirements to which our international operations might be subject or the manner in which existing laws might be administered or interpreted.

We are also subject to other laws and regulations governing our international operations, including regulations administered by the U.S. Department of Commerce’s Bureau of Industry and Security, the U.S. Department of Treasury’s Office of Foreign Asset Control and various non-U.S. government entities, including applicable export control regulations, economic sanctions on countries and persons, customs requirements, currency exchange regulations and transfer pricing regulations (collectively, “Trade Control Laws”).

We have and maintain a compliance program with policies, procedures and employee training to help ensure compliance with applicable anti-corruption laws and the Trade Control Laws. However, despite our compliance programs, there is no assurance that we will be completely effective in ensuring our compliance with all applicable anti-corruption laws, including the FCPA or other legal requirements, or Trade Control Laws. If we are not in compliance with the FCPA and other anti-corruption laws or Trade Control Laws, we may be subject to criminal and civil penalties, disgorgement and other sanctions and remedial measures, and legal expenses, which could have an adverse impact on our business, financial condition, results of operations and liquidity.

Likewise, any investigation of any potential violations of the FCPA, other anti-corruption laws or Trade Control Laws by the U.S. or foreign authorities could also have an adverse impact on our reputation, business, financial condition and results of operations.

Our outstanding indebtedness and the restrictive covenants in the agreements governing our indebtedness limit our operating and financial flexibility.

We are required to make scheduled repayments and, under certain events of default, accelerated repayments on our outstanding indebtedness, which may require us to dedicate a substantial portion of our cash flows from operations to payments on our indebtedness, thereby reducing the availability of our cash flows to fund working capital, capital expenditures, R&D efforts and other general corporate purposes, and could generally limit our flexibility in planning for, or reacting to, changes in our business and industry.

In addition, the agreements governing our indebtedness impose certain operating and financial restrictions on us and somewhat limit management’s discretion in operating our businesses. These agreements limit or restrict our ability, among other things, to: incur additional debt; pay dividends and make other distributions; make investments and other restricted payments; create liens; sell assets; and enter into transactions with affiliates.

We are also required to comply with leverage and interest coverage financial covenants and deliver to our lenders audited annual and unaudited quarterly financial statements. Our ability to comply with these covenants may be affected by events beyond our control. Failure to comply with these covenants could result in an event of default that, if not cured or waived, may have a material adverse effect on our business, financial condition, results of operations and cash flows.

We may acquire various structured financial instruments for purposes of hedging or reducing our risks, which may be costly and ineffective.

We may seek to hedge against commodity price fluctuations and credit risk by using structured financial instruments such as futures, options, swaps and forward contracts. Use of structured financial instruments for hedging purposes may present significant risks, including the risk of loss of the amounts invested. Defaults by the other party to a hedging transaction can result in losses in the hedging transaction. Hedging activities also involve the risk of an imperfect correlation between the hedging instrument and the asset being hedged, which could result in losses both on the hedging transaction and on the instrument being hedged. Use of hedging activities may not prevent significant losses and could increase our losses.

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Fluctuations in currency exchange rates may significantly impact our results of operations and may significantly affect the comparability of our results between financial periods.

Our operations are conducted in many countries. The results of the operations and the financial position of these subsidiaries are reported in the relevant foreign currencies and then translated into U.S. dollars at the applicable exchange rates for inclusion in our consolidated financial statements. The main currencies to which we are exposed, besides the U.S. dollar, are primarily the Canadian dollar, the British pound and the Australian dollar. The exchange rates between these currencies and the U.S. dollar in recent years have fluctuated significantly and may continue to do so in the future for a variety of reasons, including general economic conditions and event-driven circumstances. For example, the dynamics and uncertainties associated with the U.K.'s planned exit from the European Union ("Brexit") could produce significant fluctuations in global currency exchange rates. A depreciation of these currencies against the U.S. dollar will decrease the U.S. dollar equivalent of the amounts derived from these operations reported in our consolidated financial statements, and an appreciation of these currencies will result in a corresponding increase in such amounts.

Because many of our raw material costs are determined with respect to the U.S. dollar rather than these currencies, depreciation of these currencies may have an adverse effect on our profit margins or our reported results of operations. Conversely, to the extent that we are required to pay for goods or services in foreign currencies, the appreciation of such currencies against the U.S. dollar will tend to negatively impact our results of operations. In addition, currency fluctuations may affect the comparability of our results of operations between financial periods.

We incur currency transaction risk whenever we enter into either a purchase or sale transaction using a currency other than the local currency of the transacting entity. Given the volatility of exchange rates, there can be no assurance that we will be able to effectively manage our currency transaction risks, that our hedging activities will be effective or that any volatility in currency exchange rates will not have a material adverse effect on our financial condition or results of operations.

Forward-Looking Statements

This Annual Report contains forward-looking statements within the meaning of the Private Securities Litigation Reform Act of 1995. These statements reflect the current views of our senior management with respect to future events and our financial performance. These statements include forward-looking statements with respect to our business and industry in general. Statements that include the words “may,” “expects,” “plans,” “anticipates,” “estimates,” “believes,” “potential,” “projects,” “forecasts,” “intends,” or the negative thereof or other comparable terminology and similar statements of a future or forward-looking nature identify forward-looking statements for purposes of the federal securities laws or otherwise.

Forward-looking statements include, but are not limited to, statements that relate to, or statements that are subject to risks, contingencies or uncertainties that relate to:

•our business strategy;

•future levels of revenues, operating margins, income from operations, net income or earnings per share;

•anticipated levels of demand for our products and services;

•future levels of research and development, capital, environmental or maintenance expenditures;

•our beliefs regarding the timing and effects on our business of health and safety, tax, environmental or other legislation, rules and regulations;

•the success or timing of completion of ongoing or anticipated capital, restructuring or maintenance projects;

•expectations regarding the acquisition or divestiture of assets and businesses;

•our ability to obtain appropriate insurance and indemnities;

•the potential effects of judicial or other proceedings, including tax audits, on our business, financial condition, results of operations and cash flows;

•the anticipated effects of actions of third parties such as competitors, or federal, foreign, state or local regulatory authorities, or plaintiffs in litigation;

•the expected impact of accounting pronouncements; and

•the other factors listed above under “Risk Factors.”

Although we believe that the expectations reflected in the forward-looking statements are reasonable based on our current knowledge of our business and operations, we cannot guarantee future results, levels of activity, performance or achievements. The foregoing factors should not be construed as exhaustive. If one or more of these or other risks or uncertainties materialize, or if our underlying assumptions prove to be incorrect, actual results may differ materially from what we anticipate. Any forward-looking statements you read in this Annual Report reflect our views as of the date of this Annual Report with respect to future events and are subject to these and other risks, uncertainties and assumptions relating to our operations, results of operations, growth strategy and liquidity. You should not place undue reliance on these forward-looking statements and you

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should carefully consider all of the factors identified in this Annual Report that could cause actual results to differ. We assume no obligation to update these forward-looking statements, except as required by law.

ITEM 1B: UNRESOLVED STAFF COMMENTS

Not applicable.

ITEM 2: PROPERTIES

Properties

Our principal executive offices are located at 5420 Lyndon B. Johnson Freeway, Suite 500, Dallas, Texas 75240. Our headquarters is a leased facility, which we began to occupy on March 7, 2016. The lease term expires August 31, 2026.

We consider the many offices, manufacturing and R&D facilities, warehouses and other properties that we own or lease to be in good condition and generally suitable for the purposes for which they are used. The following table presents our principal manufacturing locations by segment and excludes facilities classified as discontinued operations.

Location	Use	Segment	Square Footage	Owned/Leased
Boise, Idaho	Manufacturing, Office and R&D	Industrial Products	40,800	Leased
Fall River, Massachusetts	Manufacturing and Office	Both	140,200	Leased
Houston, Texas	Manufacturing, Office, R&D and Warehouse	Both	253,900	Owned
Rockwall, Texas	Manufacturing, Office, R&D and Warehouse	Both	227,600	Owned
Wichita, Kansas	Manufacturing and Office	Industrial Products	42,800	Owned
Windsor, Ontario, Canada	Manufacturing, Office and R&D	Industrial Products	42,000	Leased

We believe that our facilities are adequate for our current operations. We may endeavor to selectively reduce or expand our existing lease commitments as circumstances warrant. See Note 8 to our consolidated financial statements included in Item 8 of this Annual Report for additional information regarding our operating lease obligations.

ITEM 3: LEGAL PROCEEDINGS

We may, from time to time, be involved in litigation arising out of our operations in the normal course of business or otherwise. Furthermore, third parties may try to seek to impose liability on us in connection with the activities of our operating companies. We are not currently a party to any legal proceedings that, individually or in the aggregate, are expected to have a material effect on our business, financial condition, results of operations or financial statements, taken as a whole.

ITEM 4: MINE SAFETY DISCLOSURES

Not applicable.

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PART II

ITEM 5: MARKET FOR REGISTRANT’S COMMON EQUITY, RELATED STOCKHOLDER MATTERS AND ISSUER PURCHASES OF EQUITY SECURITIES

Market Information

Our common shares are listed on the Nasdaq Global Select Market under the symbol "CSWI."

Holders

As of May 17, 2019, there were approximately 461 holders of record of our common stock. The number of holders of record is based upon the actual numbers of holders registered at such date and does not include holders of shares in “street name” or persons, partnerships, associates, corporations or other entities in security position listings maintained by depositories.

Issuer Purchases of Equity Securities

Note 11 to our consolidated financial statements included in Item 8 of this Annual Report includes a discussion of our share repurchase program. The following table represents the number of shares repurchased through March 31, 2019.

Period	Total Number of Shares Purchased		Average Price Paid per Share		Total Number of Shares Purchased as Part of Publicly Announced Program	Maximum Number of Shares (or Approximate Dollar Value) That May Yet Be Purchased Under the Program (a)
						(in millions)
January 1 - 31	66,104	(b)	$	50.31	65,917	$	64.8
February 1 - 28	19,710	(c)	54.23		18,898	63.8
March 1 - 31	10,123		55.61		10,123	63.2
	95,937				94,938

(a) On November 7, 2018, we announced that our Board of Directors authorized a program allowing us to repurchase shares of our common stock up to an aggregate market value of $75.0 million during a two-year period. The program may be limited or terminated at any time. As of March 31, 2019, 231,150 shares of our common stock had been repurchased under the program for an aggregate of $11.8 million.

(b) Includes 187 shares tendered by employees to satisfy minimum tax withholding amounts for restricted share vesting at an average price per share of $48.69.

(c) Includes 812 shares tendered by employees to satisfy minimum tax withholding amounts for restricted share vesting at an average price per share of $56.70.

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Stock Performance Chart

The following graph compares the cumulative total shareholder return on our common stock from October 1, 2015 (the date on which our common shares began "regular way" trading on the Nasdaq Global Select Market) through March 31, 2019 compared with the Russell 2000 Index and a composite custom peer group, selected on an industry basis. The graph assumes that $100 was invested at the market close on October 1, 2015 and that all dividends were reinvested. The stock price performance of the following graph is not necessarily indicative of future stock price performance. The custom peer group consists of the following:

Astec Industries	Futurefuel Corp.	Landec Corp	Omnova Solutions
Chase Corp.	Gorman-Rupp Company	Littelfuse, Inc.	Quaker Chemical
Columbus McKinnon Corp	Innospec Inc.	LSB Industries	Tredegar Corp.
CTS Corp.	Koppers Holdings	Methode Electronics, Inc.	WD-40 Company
Flotek Industries, Inc.	Kraton Performance Polymers	NN, Inc.

This graph is furnished and not filed with the SEC. Notwithstanding anything to the contrary set forth in any of our previous filings made under the Securities Act of 1933 or the Exchange Act that incorporate future filings made by us under those statutes, the stock performance graph below is not to be incorporated by reference in any prior filings, nor shall it be incorporated by reference into any future filings made by us under those statutes.

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ITEM 6: SELECTED FINANCIAL DATA

	Year Ended March 31,
Amounts in thousands, except per share data)	2019		2018		2017		2016		2015
RESULTS OF OPERATIONS (a)	(b), (c)		(d)		(e)		(f)		(g)
Revenues, net	$	350,155	$	326,222	$	287,460	$	266,917	$	261,834
Gross profit	161,370		147,940		128,956		131,948		126,634
Selling, general and administrative expenses	(100,930)		(98,281)		(95,601)		(93,814)		(82,270)
Operating income	60,440		49,659		32,040		38,134		44,364
Interest expense, net	(1,442)		(2,317)		(2,695)		(3,036)		(611)
Provision for income taxes	(15,389)		(15,565)		(14,360)		(19,166)		(15,223)
Income from continuing operations	46,052		32,682		17,800		23,807		29,705
Diluted earnings per share - continuing operations	2.96		2.09		1.12		1.52		1.90
FINANCIAL CONDITION
Working capital	102,095		82,713		108,547		123,958		93,774
Total assets	352,632		340,816		398,427		392,671		286,521
Total debt	31,459		24,020		73,207		89,682		26,704
Retirement obligations and other liabilities	8,092		6,738		14,844		13,566		30,255
Total equity	263,686		265,765		272,438		258,010		204,601

(a)Results of operations have been retrospectively adjusted for all periods presented to reflect the adoption of ASU No. 2017-07, "Compensation - Retirement Benefits (Topic 715): Improving the Presentation of Net Periodic Pension Cost and Net Periodic Postretirement Benefit Cost."

(b)Results of operations in the year ended March 31, 2019 included gains of $2.6 million ($1.9 million, net of tax) on sales of property, plant and equipment used in operations and $1.5 million ($2.4 million including tax benefit resulting from tax basis loss) on sales of non-operating assets.

(c)Results of operations for the year ended March 31, 2019 reflect the adoption of ASU No. 2014-09 "Revenue from Contracts with Customers (Topic 606)," as amended.

(d)Results of operations for the year ended March 31, 2018 included costs of $1.4 million ($0.9 million, net of tax) resulting from restructuring and realignment initiatives.

(e)Results of operations for the year ended March 31, 2017 included costs of $6.6 million ($4.3 million, net of tax) resulting from restructuring and realignment initiatives.

(f)Results of operations for the year ended March 31, 2016 included a curtailment gain of $8.0 million ($5.2 million, net of tax) resulting from freezing our qualified pension plan.

(g)We began operations on September 30, 2015 as a result of the Share Distribution discussed in Note 5 to our consolidated financial statements included in Item 8 of this Annual Report. The financial position, results of operations and cash flows for periods prior to September 30, 2015 represent the combined financial information of our wholly-owned subsidiaries contributed to us as a result of the Share Distribution. The financial statements for periods prior to the Share Distribution may not include all of the expenses that would have been incurred had our wholly-owned subsidiaries been operating as separate, publicly-traded (“standalone”) companies during those periods and may not reflect the consolidated results of operations, financial position, and cash flows as a standalone company during all periods presented.

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ITEM 7: MANAGEMENT’S DISCUSSION AND ANALYSIS OF FINANCIAL CONDITION AND RESULTS OF OPERATIONS

The following discussion and analysis is provided to increase the understanding of, and should be read in conjunction with, the accompanying consolidated financial statements and notes. See “Item 1A. Risk Factors” and the “Forward-Looking Statements” included in this Annual Report for a discussion of the risks, uncertainties and assumptions associated with these statements. Unless otherwise noted, all amounts discussed herein are consolidated.

EXECUTIVE OVERVIEW

Our Company

We are a diversified industrial growth company with well-established, scalable platforms and domain expertise across two segments: Industrial Products and Specialty Chemicals. Our broad portfolio of leading products provides performance optimizing solutions to our customers. CSWI products and systems help contractors do their jobs better, faster and easier; make buildings safer and more aesthetically pleasing; protect valuable assets from corrosion; and improve the reliability of mission critical equipment. Our products include mechanical products for HVAC/R, sealants and high-performance specialty lubricants. Markets that we serve include HVAC/R, architecturally-specified building products, industrial, plumbing, energy, rail, mining and other general industrial markets. Our manufacturing operations are concentrated in the United States ("U.S.") and Canada, and we have distribution operations in Australia, Canada and the United Kingdom ("U.K."). Our products are sold directly or through designated channels both domestically and internationally.

Many of our products are used to protect the capital assets of our customers that are expensive to repair or replace and are critical to their operations. We have a source of recurring revenue from the maintenance, repair and overhaul and consumable nature of many of our products. We also provide some custom and semi-custom products that strengthen and enhance our customer relationships. The reputation of our product portfolio is built on more than 100 well-respected brand names, such as RectorSeal No. 5, Kopr Kote, KATS Coatings, Jet-Lube Extreme, Smoke Guard, Safe-T-Switch, Mighty Bracket, Balco, Whitmore, Air Sentry, Oil Safe, Deacon, AC Leak Freeze and Greco Aluminum Railings.

We believe that our broad portfolio of products and markets served and our brand recognition will continue to provide opportunities; however, we face ongoing challenges affecting many companies, such as environmental and other regulatory compliance and overall global economic uncertainty. During the year ended March 31, 2019, we continued to experience strong sales growth in key end markets such as HVAC/R and plumbing, where our innovative chemical and mechanical products have increased market penetration. We also continue to benefit from a robust commercial construction cycle. During the year ended March 31, 2019, spending by many of our customers in the mining and rail end markets decreased. as customers adjusted to weak demand in response to lower market prices for coal and other natural resources. We expect that the current environment will persist into the next fiscal year, impacting primarily the rail and mining markets.

During the third quarter of the fiscal year ended March 31, 2018, we committed to a plan to divest our Strathmore Products business (the "Coatings business"). This determination resulted in the reclassification of the assets comprising that business to assets held-for-sale, and a corresponding adjustment to our consolidated statements of operations to reflect discontinued operations for all periods presented. During the quarter ended September 30, 2018, we received an aggregate of $6.9 million for the sale of assets that related to our Coatings business in multiple transactions.

Markets and Outlook

In fiscal year 2020, we anticipate building on our strong fiscal year 2019 performance and using that momentum to continue executing our growth strategies. We expect sales to continue to grow at a rate faster than the markets we serve, and supported by improved execution and operational efficiency, we expect to continue to grow earnings at a faster rate than revenue. This should allow us to continue to execute on our stated capital allocation goals. Our diverse product portfolio in both our Industrial Products and Specialty Chemical segments serve attractive and generally healthy end markets, which supports our revenue growth goals. We anticipate revenue growth in our key end markets during fiscal year 2020 due to our continued innovative technologies, new product introductions, product differentiation and favorable industry trends coupled with the recent acquisitions of MSD Research, Inc. (“MSD”) and Petersen Metals. These two acquisitions deliver on our stated growth strategy of identifying and prioritizing accretive, synergistic acquisitions within our existing business units. Both MSD and Petersen Metals are known for best-in-class product lines that will help us drive sustainable, profitable growth through leveraging the CSWI platform, our existing distribution channels and our broad end market exposure within the business units. We expect both MSD and Petersen Metals to be accretive to earnings per share in fiscal year 2020. We will continue to pursue

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bolt-on acquisitions in our key end markets and channels, but we will remain disciplined in our approach, particularly as it relates to our assessment of valuation, prospective synergies, diligence, cultural fit, and ease of integration.

Additionally, we plan to increase our capital spending in fiscal year 2020 to a range of 2.75% to 3.25% of net sales to pursue attractive, identified organic growth opportunities in select end markets, in addition to completing maintenance and replacement and continuous improvement activities. We recognize the importance of continuing to drive organic growth at a rate higher than the markets we serve, and the commitment of additional capital to attractive investment opportunities will enable us to drive increased penetration in attractive markets that we already serve, primarily HVAC/R.

HVAC/R

The HVAC/R market is our largest market served and it represented approximately 30% of our net sales in both of the years ended March 31, 2019 and 2018. We provide an extensive array of products for installation, repair and maintenance of HVAC/R systems that includes condensate switches, pans and pumps; air diffusers; refrigerant caps; line set covers; and other chemical and mechanical products. The industry is driven by new construction projects, as well as replacement and repair of existing HVAC/R systems. New HVAC/R systems are heavily influenced by macro trends in building construction, while replacement and repair of existing HVAC/R systems are dependent on weather and age of unit. The HVAC/R market tends to be seasonal with the peak sales season beginning in March and continuing through August. Construction and repair is typically performed by contractors, and we utilize our global distribution network to drive sales of our brands to such contractors. For the fiscal year ending March 31, 2020, we anticipate growth in the HVAC/R market to be stronger than the growth in the U.S. gross domestic product.

Architecturally-Specified Building Products

Architecturally-specified building products represented approximately 28% of our net sales in both of the years ended March 31, 2019 and 2018. We manufacture and sell products such as engineered railings; smoke and fire protection systems; expansion joints; and stair edge nosings for large commercial buildings, multi-family housing and parking facilities. Sales of these products are driven by architectural specifications and safety codes, and the sales process is typically long as these can be multi-year construction projects. The construction market is a key driver for sales of architecturally-specified building products. Our outlook for growth in new construction is slightly stronger than the growth expected in the U.S. gross domestic product in fiscal year 2020 due to continued share expansion resulting from expanded cross-selling activities and new product offerings, coupled with our recent acquisition of Petersen Metals subsequent to March 31, 2019.

General Industrial

The general industrial end market represented approximately 15% of our net sales in both of the years ended March 31, 2019 and 2018. The general industrial end market includes customers who manufacture chemicals, steel equipment and a wide variety of materials. We include sales of lubricants and breathers, as well as various other industrial products in the general industrial end market and serve this market primarily through a network of distributors. We continue to experience robust growth in our products, and we expect our sales into this market in fiscal year 2020 to grow in excess of the growth in the U.S. gross domestic product.

Plumbing

The plumbing market represented approximately 11% of our net sales in both of the years ended March 31, 2019 and 2018. We provide many products to the plumbing industry including thread sealants, solvent cements, fire-stopping products, condensate switches and trap guards, as well as other mechanical products, such as drain traps. Installation is typically performed by contractors, and we utilize our global distribution network to drive sales of our brands to contractors. We are not anticipating any significant changes in the overall plumbing market in fiscal year 2020.

Energy

The energy market represented approximately 6% and 7% of our net sales in the years ended March 31, 2019 and 2018, respectively. We provide market-leading lubricants and anti-seize compounds, as well as greases, for use in oilfield drilling activity and maintenance of oilfield drilling and valve related equipment. We sell our products primarily through distributors situated near the major oil and gas patches globally. The outlook for the energy industry is heavily dependent on the demand growth from both mature markets and developing geographies. This market is depending on macro factors such as oil price and local government policies relative to oil exploration, drilling, storage and transportation. We are not anticipating any significant changes to our sales into this market in fiscal year 2020.

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Rail

The rail market represented approximately 6% and 4% of our net sales in the years ended March 31, 2019 and 2018, respectively. We provide an array of products into the rail industry, including lubricants and lubricating devices for rail lines, which increase efficiency and reduce noise for, as well as extend the life of, rail equipment such as rails or wheels. We leverage our technical expertise to build relationships with key decision-makers to ensure our products meet required specifications. We sell our products primarily through a direct sales force, as well as through distribution partners. The reduction in North American coal consumption and transport, coupled with the increased use of pipelines for transport of oil and gas, is expected to continue to negatively impact class 1 rail car volumes, which will likely lead to limited use of the maintenance-related consumables that we provide. Cyclical product classes such as farm products and global trade disputes can also impact volumes in this market. We expect our revenues in this market to grow generally in line with North America GDP for fiscal year 2020, which is our largest rail market.

Mining

The mining market represented approximately 4% of our net sales in both of the years ended March 31, 2019 and 2018. We provide market-leading lubricants to open gears used in large mining excavation equipment, primarily through direct sales agents, distributors, and our in-house sales. The North American mining industry, which is heavily indexed to coal, has experienced headwinds due to continued low domestic coal demand, which is only partially mitigated by the export market, particularly in power generation as it continues to move to natural gas. Globally, coal demand has been robust, and focused efforts in coal markets outside of the U.S., coupled with enhanced focus on markets such as iron, gold, diamonds and uranium in Southeast Asia, South America, Africa and Russia, have delivered growth that has generally offset the North American coal weakness. We expect our fiscal year 2020 revenue to grow at a rate above the growth in the global gross domestic product due to continued inroads with international mining customers.

RESULTS OF OPERATIONS

The following discussion provides an analysis of our consolidated results of operations and results for each of our segments.

The operations of MSD have been included in our consolidation results of operations and in the operating results of our Industrial Products segment since January 31, 2019, the effective date of the acquisition. The operations of Greco Aluminum Railings ("Greco") have been included in our consolidated results of operations and in the operating results of our Industrial Products segment since February 28, 2017, the effective date of the acquisition. All acquisitions are described in Note 2 to our consolidated financial statements included in Item 8 of this Annual Report.

Throughout this discussion, we refer to costs incurred related to “restructuring and realignment.”  These costs represent both restructuring and non-restructuring charges incurred as a result of manufacturing footprint optimization activities, including those activities described in Note 1 to our consolidated financial statements included in Item 8 of this Annual Report.

Net Revenues

	March 31,
(amounts in thousands)	2019		2018		2017
Revenues, net	$	350,155	$	326,222	$	287,460

Net revenues for the year ended March 31, 2019 increased $23.9 million, or 7.3%, as compared with the year ended March 31, 2018. Increased sales volumes of both existing products and new products into the general industrial ($9.5 million), HVAC/R ($9.2 million), architecturally-specified building products ($7.0 million) and plumbing ($2.1 million) end markets, were partially offset by decreased sales volumes into the mining end market ($3.8 million).

Net revenues for the year ended March 31, 2018 increased $38.8 million, or 13.5%, as compared with the year ended March 31, 2017, including $16.5 million related to the Greco acquisition. Excluding the impact of acquisitions, increased sales volumes of both existing products and new products, particularly into the HVAC/R and plumbing end markets, as well as thread sealants and firestopping products ($16.4 million) and increases in the energy market ($8.6 million), were partially offset by decreased sales into the legacy architecturally-specified building products and industrial ($2.7 million) end markets.

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Net revenues into the Americas, Europe, Middle East and Africa, and Asia Pacific represented approximately 90%, 6%, and 4%, respectively, of net revenues for the year ended March 31, 2019; 90%, 6%, and 4%, respectively, of net revenues for the year ended March 31, 2018; and 89%, 7% and 4%, respectively, of net revenues for the year ended March 31, 2017. The presentation of net revenues by geographic region is based on the location of the customer. For additional information regarding net revenues by geographic region, see Note 19 to our consolidated financial statements included in Item 8 of this Annual Report.

Gross Profit and Gross Profit Margin

	March 31,
(amounts in thousands, except percentages)	2019			2018			2017
Gross profit	$	161,370		$	147,940		$	128,956
Gross profit margin	46.1		%	45.3		%	44.9		%

Gross profit for the year ended March 31, 2019 increased $13.4 million, or 9.1%, as compared with the year ended March 31, 2018. The increase is attributable to increased sales, $2.6 million in gains on sales of property, plant and equipment and $1.4 million in restructuring and realignment costs in the prior year that did not recur. Gross profit margin for the year ended March 31, 2019 of 46.1% increased from 45.3% for the year ended March 31, 2018. The increase is attributable to sales leverage, gains on sales of property, plant and equipment and savings as a result of prior year restructuring and realignment activities.

Gross profit for the year ended March 31, 2018 increased $19.0 million, or 14.7%, as compared with the year ended March 31, 2017, including $6.4 million related to the Greco acquisition. Gross profit margin for the year ended March 31, 2018 of 45.3% increased from 44.9% for the year ended March 31, 2017. Excluding the impact of acquisitions, the increase is attributable to sales leverage and lower restructuring and realignment costs.

Selling, General and Administrative Expense

	March 31,
(amounts in thousands, except percentages)	2019			2018			2017
Operating expenses	$	100,930		$	98,281		$	96,916
Operating expenses as a % of sales	28.8		%	30.1		%	33.7		%

Selling, general and administrative expense for the year ended March 31, 2019 increased $2.6 million, or 2.7%, as compared with the year ended March 31, 2018. The increase was attributable to increased performance-based compensation expenses and increased sales commissions in support of increased sales, partially offset by a decrease in professional fees. The decrease in operating expenses as a percentage of sales was attributable to leverage on increased sales and lower professional fees, partially offset by increased compensation and selling expenses.

Selling, general and administrative expense for the year ended March 31, 2018 increased $1.4 million, or 1.4%, as compared with the year ended March 31, 2017. The increase was attributable to increases from the acquired Greco business ($3.5 million), mostly offset by lower severance costs ($2.4 million) and implementation costs for our internal controls framework incurred in the prior year that did not recur. The decrease in operating expenses as a percentage of sales was attributable to leverage on increased sales, severance costs in the prior year that did not recur and lower professional fees.

Operating Income

	March 31,
(amounts in thousands, except percentages)	2019			2018			2017
Operating income	$	60,440		$	49,659		$	32,040
Operating margin	17.3		%	15.2		%	11.1		%

Operating income for the year ended March 31, 2019 increased by $10.8 million, or 21.7%, as compared with the year ended March 31, 2018. The increase was a result of the $13.4 million increase in gross profit, slightly offset by the $2.6 million increase in selling, general and administrative expense as discussed above.

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Operating income for the year ended March 31, 2018 increased by $17.6 million, or 55.0%, as compared with the year ended March 31, 2017. The increase was a result of the $19.0 million increase in gross profit, slightly offset by the $1.4 million increase in selling, general and administrative expense as discussed above.

Other income and expense, net

Interest expense, net for the year ended March 31, 2019 decreased $0.9 million to $1.4 million as compared with the year ended March 31, 2018, primarily due to an overall reduction in average outstanding debt under our Revolving Credit Facility (described in Note 8 to our consolidated financial statements included in Item 8 of this Annual Report), partially offset by higher interest rates.

Interest expense, net for the year ended March 31, 2018 decreased $0.4 million to $2.3 million as compared with the year ended March 31, 2017, primarily due to an overall reduction in average outstanding debt under our Revolving Credit Facility.

Other income, net increased by $1.5 million for the year ended March 31, 2019 to income of $2.4 million as compared with the year ended March 31, 2018. The increase was primarily due to gains on sales of non-operating assets and an increase in gains arising from transactions in currencies other than our sites' functional currencies, partially offset by a decrease in pension benefits.

Other income, net decreased by $1.9 million for the year ended March 31, 2018 to income of $0.9 million as compared with the year ended March 31, 2017. The decrease was primarily due to a decrease in gains arising from transaction in currencies other than our sites' functional currencies.

Provision for Income Taxes and Effective Tax Rate

The provision for income taxes for the year ended March 31, 2019 was $15.4 million, representing an effective tax rate of 25.0%, as compared with the provision of $15.6 million, representing an effective tax rate of 32.3%, for the year ended March 31, 2018 and the provision of $14.4 million, representing an effective tax rate of 44.7%, for the year ended March 31, 2017. As compared with the statutory rate for the year ended March 31, 2019, the provision for income taxes was primarily impacted by the state tax expense (net of federal benefits), which increased the provision by $2.2 million and the effective rate by 3.6%, the provision for global intangible low-taxed income (“GILTI"), which increased the provision by $0.9 million and the effective rate by 1.4%, partially offset by foreign tax credits, which decreased the provision by $1.1 million and the effective rate by 1.8%. Other items impacting the effective rate included foreign operations activity in countries with high statutory rates and the provision for Subpart F income. As compared with the statutory rate for the year ended March 31, 2018, the provision for income taxes was primarily impacted by the one-time repatriation charge on earnings from foreign subsidiaries, which increased the provision by $1.9 million, net of the related foreign tax credit, and the effective tax rate by 3.9% and a deferred tax true-up adjustment, which increased the provision by $1.3 million and the effective tax rate by 2.7%. Other items impacting the effective tax rate included foreign operations activity in countries with lower statutory rates and domestic operations activity in states with higher statutory rates.

We accrue interest and penalties on uncertain tax positions as a component of our provision for income taxes. We accrued interest and penalties on uncertain tax positions of $0.1 million and $0.1 million, respectively, for the year ended March 31, 2019, of $0.1 million and $0.2 million, respectively, for the year ended March 31, 2018 and of $0.2 million and $0.2 million, respectively, for the year ended March 31, 2017.

As of March 31, 2019 and 2018, we had $0.1 million and $0.2 million, respectively, in tax effected net operating loss carryforwards. Net operating loss carryforwards will expire in periods beyond the next five years.

Business Segments

We conduct our operations through two business segments based on type of product and how we manage the business. We evaluate segment performance and allocate resources based on each segment’s operating income. The key operating results for our two business segments are discussed below.

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Industrial Products Segment Results

Industrial Products includes specialty mechanical products, fire and smoke protection products, architecturally-specified building products and storage, filtration and application equipment for use with our specialty chemicals and other products for general industrial application.

	Year Ended March 31,
(amounts in thousands, except percentages)	2019			2018			2017
Revenues, net	$	205,931		$	186,483		$	158,654
Operating income	48,817			44,225			33,033
Operating margin	23.7		%	23.7		%	20.8		%

Net revenues for the year ended March 31, 2019 increased $19.4 million, or 10.4%, as compared with the year ended March 31, 2018. Sales volumes increased in both existing products and new products primarily into the HVAC/R ($9.5 million) markets, general industrial ($4.7 million) and architecturally-specified building products and industrial ($4.5 million) end markets.

Net revenues for the year ended March 31, 2018 increased $27.8 million, or 17.5%, as compared with the year ended March 31, 2017, including $16.5 million related to the acquired Greco business. Excluding the impact of the Greco acquisition, sales volumes increased in both existing products and new products, particularly into the HVAC/R and plumbing ($13.1 million) markets, partially offset by a decline in legacy architecturally-specified building products and industrial ($2.7 million) markets.

Operating income for the year ended March 31, 2019 increased $4.6 million, or 10.4%, as compared with the year ended March 31, 2018. The increase was primarily attributable to increased sales and savings as a result of prior year restructuring and realignment activities, partially offset by increased performance-based compensation expenses and costs related to an enterprise resource planning system upgrade.

Operating income for the year ended March 31, 2018 increased $11.2 million, or 33.9%, as compared with the year ended March 31, 2017, including $2.8 million related to the Greco acquisition. Excluding the impact of acquisitions, the increase was primarily attributable to increased net revenues, which includes the initial impact of price increases, a decline in restructuring and realignment costs ($0.3 million) and a decline in costs related to the initial design of our internal controls framework.

Specialty Chemicals Segment Results

Specialty Chemicals includes pipe thread sealants, firestopping sealants and caulks, adhesives/solvent cements, lubricants and greases, drilling compounds, anti-seize compounds, chemical formulations and degreasers and cleaners.

	Year Ended March 31,
(amounts in thousands, except percentages)	2019			2018			2017
Revenues, net	$	144,223		$	139,735		$	128,714
Operating income	23,930			17,804			13,021
Operating margin	16.6		%	12.7		%	10.1		%

Net revenues for the year ended March 31, 2019 increased $4.5 million, or 3.2%, as compared with the year ended March 31, 2018. The increase was primarily attributable to increased sales volumes into the general industrial ($4.9 million), architecturally-specified building products ($2.5 million) and plumbing ($0.8 million) end markets, partially offset by decreased sales volumes into the mining ($3.8 million) end market.

Net revenues for the year ended March 31, 2018 increased $11.0 million, or 8.6%, as compared with the year ended March 31, 2017. The increase was attributable to increased sales volumes into the energy market ($7.6 million) and increased sales volumes and prices of thread sealants and architecturally-specified building products ($3.4 million).

Operating income for the year ended March 31, 2019 increased $6.1 million, or 34.4%, as compared with the year ended March 31, 2018. The increase was primarily attributable to a $2.2 million in gains on sales of property, plant and equipment, a decline in restructuring and realignment costs and professional fees and increased sales.

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Operating income for the year ended March 31, 2018 increased $4.8 million, or 36.7%, as compared with the year ended March 31, 2017. The increase was attributable to the impact of increased net revenues and a decline in restructuring and realignment costs ($5.3 million), partially offset by a sales mix shift to lower margin products.

For additional information on segments, see Note 19 to our consolidated financial statements included in Item 8 of this Annual Report.

LIQUIDITY AND CAPITAL RESOURCES

Cash Flow Analysis

	Year Ended March 31,
(amounts in thousands)	2019		2018		2017
Net cash provided by operating activities, continuing operations	$	68,159	$	57,384	$	39,361
Net cash used in investing activities, continuing operations	(10,415)		(3,035)		(23,475)
Net cash used in financing activities	(39,273)		(51,521)		(15,318)

Existing cash, cash generated by operations and borrowings available under our Revolving Credit Facility are our primary sources of short-term liquidity. We monitor the depository institutions that hold our cash and cash equivalents on a regular basis, and we believe that we have placed our deposits with creditworthy financial institutions. Our sources of operating cash generally include the sale of our products and services and the conversion of our working capital, particularly accounts receivable and inventories. Our cash balance at March 31, 2019 was $26.7 million, as compared with $11.7 million at March 31, 2018.

For the year ended March 31, 2019, our cash provided by operating activities from continuing operations was $68.2 million, as compared with $57.4 million and $39.4 million for the years ended March 31, 2018 and 2017, respectively.

•Working capital used cash for the year ended March 31, 2019 due to higher inventories ($5.5 million) and higher accounts receivable ($3.8 million), partially offset by higher accounts payable and other current liabilities ($5.7 million) and lower prepaid expenses and other current assets ($0.7 million).

•Working capital provided cash for the year ended March 31, 2018 due to lower prepaid expenses and other current assets ($17.8 million), higher accounts payable and other current liabilities ($6.3 million) and lower inventories ($1.0 million), partially offset by higher accounts receivable ($2.7 million).

•Working capital provided cash for the year ended March 31, 2017, due primarily to higher accounts payable and other current liabilities ($5.7 million), mostly offset by higher accounts receivable ($5.0 million). 

Cash flows used in investing activities from continuing operations during the year ended March 31, 2019 were $10.4 million as compared with $3.0 million and $23.5 million for the years ended March 31, 2018 and 2017, respectively.

•Capital expenditures during the years ended March 31, 2019, 2018 and 2017 were $7.5 million, $5.5 million and $6.9 million, respectively. Our capital expenditures have been focused on capacity expansion, continuous improvement, automation and consolidation of manufacturing facilities.

•During the year ended March 31, 2019 we acquired MSD for $10.1 million and during the year ended March 31, 2017 we acquired Greco Aluminum Railings for $28.2 million, net of cash acquired, as discussed in Note 2 to our consolidated financial statements included in Item 8 of this Annual Report.

Cash flows used in financing activities during the years ended March 31, 2019, 2018 and 2017 were $39.3 million, $51.5 million and $15.3 million, respectively. Cash outflows resulted from:

•repayments on our lines of credit (as discussed in Note 8 to our consolidated financial statements included in Item 8 of this Annual Report) of $20.6 million, $49.2 million and $16.5 million during the years ended March 31, 2019, 2018 and 2017, respectively.

•repurchases of shares under our share repurchase programs (as discussed in Note 11 to our consolidated financial statements included in Item 8 of this Annual Report) of $45.6 million, $1.2 million and $0 during the years ended March 31, 2019, 2018 and 2017, respectively.

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Cash inflows resulted from borrowings on our Revolving Credit Facility of $28.0 million, $0 and $0 during the years ended March 31, 2019, 2018 and 2017, respectively.

We believe that available cash and cash equivalents, cash flows generated through operations and cash available under our Revolving Credit Facility will be sufficient to meet our liquidity needs, including capital expenditures, for at least the next 12 months.

Acquisitions and Dispositions

We regularly evaluate acquisition opportunities of various sizes. The cost and terms of any financing to be raised in conjunction with any acquisition, including our ability to raise capital, is a critical consideration in any such evaluation. Note 2 to our consolidated financial statements included in Item 8 of this Annual Report contains a discussion of our acquisitions.

Financing

Credit Facilities

See Note 8 to our consolidated financial statements included in Item 8 of this Annual Report for a discussion of our indebtedness. We were in compliance with all covenants contained in our Revolving Credit Facility as of March 31, 2019.

We have entered into an interest rate swap agreement to hedge our exposure to variable interest payments related to our indebtedness. This agreement is more fully described in Note 9 to our consolidated financial statements included in Item 8 and in “Item 7A. Quantitative and Qualitative Disclosures about Market Risk” of this Annual Report.

OFF-BALANCE SHEET ARRANGEMENTS

As of March 31, 2019, we did not have any off-balance sheet arrangements that we believe have or are reasonably likely to have a material adverse effect on our financial condition or results of operations.

CONTRACTUAL OBLIGATIONS

The following table presents a summary of our contractual obligations for continuing operations at March 31, 2019 (in thousands):

	Payments due by Period (a)
	< 1 Year		1-3 Years		3-5 Years		> 5 Years		Total
Long-term debt obligations, principal (b)	$	561	$	1,122	$	21,122	$	8,654	$	31,459
Long-term debt obligations, interest (b)	1,596		3,116		1,330		1,713		7,755
Operating lease obligations (c) (f)	3,048		4,378		1,959		1,010		10,395
Purchase obligations (d) (f)	20,244		133		—		—		20,377
Other long-term liabilities (e)	230		—		—		—		230
Total	$	25,679	$	8,749	$	24,411	$	11,377	$	70,216

(a) The less than one-year category represents the year ended March 31, 2020, the 1-3 years category represents years ending March 31, 2021 and 2022, the 3-5 years category represents years ending March 31, 2023 and 2024 and the greater than five years category represents years ending March 31, 2025 and thereafter

(b) Amounts include principal and interest cash payments through the maturity of the outstanding debt obligations. See Note 8 to our consolidated financial statements included in Item 8 of this Annual Report.

(c) Sales taxes, value added taxes and goods and services taxes included as part of recurring lease payments, as well as variable maintenance and executory costs, are excluded from the amounts shown above.

(d) Purchase obligations include agreements to purchase goods or services that are enforceable, legally binding and specify all significant terms, including: fixed or minimum quantities to be purchased; fixed, minimum or variable price provisions; and the approximate timing of the transaction. Purchase obligations exclude agreements that are cancelable without penalty.

(e) Amounts primarily include deferred consideration payable due to acquisitions and future payments under outstanding deferred compensation awards. The liability for retirement benefits payable related to our defined benefit pension plans is excluded from the contractual obligations table as it does not represent expected liquidity requirements.

(f) Operating lease and purchase obligations denominated in foreign currencies are projected based on the exchange rate in effect on March 31, 2019. Excludes amounts that have been eliminated in our consolidated financial statements.

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CRITICAL ACCOUNTING ESTIMATES

The process of preparing financial statements in conformity with U.S. GAAP requires the use of estimates and assumptions to determine reported amounts of certain assets, liabilities, revenues and expenses and the disclosure of related contingent assets and liabilities. These estimates and assumptions are based upon information available at the time of the estimates or assumptions, including our historical experience, where relevant. The most significant estimates made by management include: timing and amount of revenue recognition; deferred taxes and tax reserves; pension benefits; and valuation of goodwill and indefinite-lived intangible assets, both at the time of initial acquisition, as well as part of recurring impairment analyses, as applicable. The significant estimates are reviewed at least annually, if not quarterly, by management. Because of the uncertainty of factors surrounding the estimates, assumptions and judgments used in the preparation of our financial statements, actual results may differ from the estimates, and the difference may be material.

Our critical accounting policies are those policies that are both most important to our financial condition and results of operations and require the most difficult, subjective or complex judgments on the part of management in their application, often as a result of the need to make estimates about the effect of matters that are inherently uncertain. We believe that the following represent our critical accounting policies. For a summary of all of our significant accounting policies, see Note 1 to our consolidated financial statements included in Item 8 of this Annual Report. Management and our external auditors have discussed our critical accounting estimates and policies with the Audit Committee of our Board of Directors.

Revenue Recognition

We recognize revenues to depict the transfer of control of promised goods or services to our customers in an amount that reflects the consideration to which we expect to be entitled in exchange for those goods or services. Refer to Note 18 for further discussion. We recognize revenue when all of the following criteria have been met: (i) a contract with a customer exists, (ii) performance obligations have been identified, (iii) the price to the customer has been determined, (iv) the price to the customer has been allocated to the performance obligations, and (v) performance obligations are satisfied, which are more fully described below.

(i) We identify a contract with a customer when a sales agreement indicates approval and commitment of the parties; identifies the rights of the parties; identifies the payment terms; has commercial substance; and it is probable that we will collect the consideration to which we will be entitled in exchange for the goods or services that will be transferred to the customer. In most instances, our contract with a customer is the customer's purchase order. For certain customers, we may also enter into a sales agreement that outlines a framework of terms and conditions that apply to all future purchase orders for that customer. In these situations, our contract with the customer is both the sales agreement and the specific customer purchase order. Because our contract with a customer is typically for a single transaction or customer purchase order, the duration of the contract is one year or less. As a result, we have elected to apply certain practical expedients and, as permitted by the Financial Accounting Standards Board, omit certain disclosures of remaining performance obligations for contracts that have an initial term of one year or less.

(ii) We identify performance obligations in a contract for each promised good or service that is separately identifiable from other promises in the contract and for which the customer can benefit from the good or service either on its own or together with other resources that are readily available to the customer. Goods and services provided to our customers that are deemed immaterial are included with other performance obligations.

(iii) We determine the transaction price as the amount of consideration we expect to be entitled to in exchange for fulfilling the performance obligations, including the effects of any variable consideration.

(iv) For any contracts that have more than one performance obligation, we allocate the transaction price to each performance obligation in an amount that depicts the amount of consideration to which we expect to be entitled in exchange for satisfying each performance obligation. We have excluded disclosure of the transaction price allocated to remaining performance obligations if the performance obligation is part of a contract that has an original expected duration of one year or less as the majority of our contracts are short-term in nature with a term of one year or less.

(v) We recognize revenue when, or as, we satisfy the performance obligation in a contract by transferring control of a promised good or service to the customer.

We exclude from the measurement of the transaction price all taxes assessed by a governmental authority that are both imposed on and concurrent with a specific revenue-producing transaction and collected from a customer. As such, we present revenue net of sales and other similar taxes. Shipping and handling costs associated with outbound freight after control over a product has transferred to a customer are accounted for as a fulfillment cost and are included in cost of revenues. Costs to obtain a contract, which include sales commissions recorded in selling, general and administrative expense, are expensed when

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incurred as the amortization period is one year or less. We do not have customer contracts that include significant financing components.

Deferred Taxes and Tax Reserves

Deferred tax assets and liabilities are determined based on temporary differences between the financial statement carrying amounts and the tax basis of assets and liabilities, applying enacted tax rates expected to be in effect for the year in which the differences are expected to reverse. The effect on deferred tax assets and liabilities of a change in tax rates is recognized in income in the period that includes the enactment date. Based on the evaluation of available evidence, both positive and negative, we recognize future tax benefits, such as net operating loss carryforwards and tax credit carryforwards, to the extent that these benefits are more likely than not to be realized. We base our judgment of the recoverability of our deferred tax assets primarily on historical earnings, our estimate of current and expected future earnings using historical and projected future operating results, and prudent and feasible tax planning strategies.

The amount of income taxes we pay is subject to ongoing audits by federal, state and foreign tax authorities, which may result in proposed assessments. Significant judgment is required in determining income tax provisions and evaluating tax positions. We establish reserves for open tax years for uncertain tax positions that may be subject to challenge by various taxing authorities. The consolidated tax provision and related accruals include the impact of such reasonably estimable losses and related interest and penalties as deemed appropriate. Tax benefits recognized in the financial statements from uncertain tax positions are measured based on the largest benefit that has a greater than 50% likelihood of being realized upon ultimate settlement. For the year ended March 31, 2019, we had an immaterial change in our uncertain tax position due to negligible changes from settlements in the current and prior years. For the year ended March 31, 2018, we had a net decrease in our uncertain tax position of $0.1 million. This included settlements of $0.7 million, an increase of $0.6 million and an additional $0.3 million in interest and penalties in income tax expense. For the year ended March 31, 2017, we recognized an uncertain tax position in the amount of $2.0 million, and we recognized $0.4 million in interest and penalties in income tax expense. Our liability for uncertain tax positions contains uncertainties as management is required to make assumptions and apply judgments to estimate exposures associated with our tax positions.

We are currently under audit for our U.S. federal income tax returns for the years ended March 31, 2017 and 2016. We have not been notified of any potential adjustments.

While we believe we have adequately provided for any reasonably foreseeable outcome related to these matters, our future results may include favorable or unfavorable adjustments to our estimated tax liabilities. To the extent that the expected tax outcome of these matters changes, such changes in estimate will impact the income tax provision in the period in which such determination is made.

Pension Benefits

Certain of our U.S. employees hired prior to January 1, 2015 participate in a qualified defined benefit pension plan (the “Qualified Plan”). The Qualified Plan is closed to any employees hired or re-hired on or after January 1, 2015. The Qualified Plan was amended to freeze benefit accruals and to modify certain ancillary benefits effective as of September 30, 2015. The assets, liabilities and expenses we recognize and disclosures we make about plan actuarial and financial information are dependent on the assumptions and estimates used in calculating such amounts. The assumptions include factors such as discount rates, health care cost trend rates, inflation, expected rates of return on plan assets, retirement rates, mortality rates, turnover and other factors. We maintain an unfunded retirement restoration plan (the “Restoration Plan”) that is a non-qualified plan providing for the payment to participating employees, upon retirement, of an amount equal to the difference between the maximum annual payment permissible under the Qualified Plan pursuant to federal limitations and the amount that would otherwise have been payable under the Qualified Plan. Consistent with the Qualified Plan, the Restoration Plan is closed to any employees hired or re-hired on or after January 1, 2015 and was amended effective September 30, 2015 to freeze benefit accruals and to modify certain ancillary benefits. We also maintain a registered defined benefit pension plan (the "Canadian Plan") that covers all of our employees based at our facility in Alberta, Canada, which is not material to our overall pension benefits and obligations.

The assumptions utilized to compute expense and benefit obligations are shown in Note 13 to our consolidated financial statements included in Item 8 of this Annual Report. These assumptions are assessed at least annually in consultation with independent actuaries as of March 31 and adjustments are made as needed. We evaluate prevailing market conditions, including appropriate rates of return, interest rates and medical inflation (health care cost trend) rates. We ensure that our significant assumptions are within the reasonable range relative to market data. The methodology to set our significant assumptions includes:

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•Discount rates are estimated using high quality corporate bond yields with a duration matching the expected benefit payments. The discount rate is obtained from a universe of Aa-rated non-callable bonds across the full maturity spectrum to establish a weighted average discount rate. Our discount rate assumptions are impacted by changes in general economic and market conditions that affect interest rates on long-term high-quality debt securities, as well as the duration of our plans’ liabilities.

•The expected rates of return on plan assets are derived from reviews of asset allocation strategies, expected future experience for trust asset returns, risks and other factors adjusted for our specific investment strategy. These rates are impacted by changes in general market conditions, but because they are long-term in nature, short-term market changes do not significantly impact the rates. Changes to our target asset allocation also impact these rates.

Depending on the assumptions used, pension expense could vary within a range of outcomes and have a material effect on reported earnings. In addition, the assumptions can materially affect benefit obligations and future cash funding. Actual results in any given year may differ from those estimated because of economic and other factors.

We evaluate the funded status of the Qualified Plan using current assumptions and determine the appropriate funding level considering applicable regulatory requirements, tax deductibility, reporting considerations, cash flow requirements and other factors.

Goodwill and Indefinite-Lived Intangible Assets

Goodwill represents the excess of the aggregate purchase price over the fair value of identifiable net assets acquired in a business combination. We test goodwill at least annually for impairment at the reporting unit level, which is an operating segment or one level below an operating segment. Goodwill is tested for impairment more frequently if conditions arise or events occur that indicate that the fair value of the reporting unit is lower than the carrying value of that reporting unit. Goodwill is recorded in three reporting units.

We first assess qualitative factors to determine whether it is more likely than not that the fair value of a reporting unit is less than its carrying amount as a basis for determining whether it is necessary to perform the two-step goodwill impairment test. Qualitative assessments use an evaluation of events and circumstances such as macroeconomic conditions, industry and market considerations, cost factors, financial performance factors, entity specific events and changes in carrying value to determine whether it is more likely than not that the fair value of the reporting unit is less than its carrying amount, including goodwill.

If a reporting unit fails the qualitative assessment, then valuation models and other relevant data are used to estimate the reporting unit’s fair value. The valuation models require the input of subjective assumptions. We use an income approach for impairment testing of goodwill using a discounted cash flow method. Significant estimates include future revenue and expense projections, growth estimates made to calculate terminal value, and a discount rate that approximates our weighted average cost of capital. We perform qualitative and quantitative assessments to test asset carrying values for impairment at January 31, which is the annual impairment testing date.

For purposes of completing the annual goodwill impairment test for year ended March 31, 2019, a qualitative assessment was utilized to assess the recoverability of goodwill for our reporting units. The qualitative assessments were performed using an evaluation of events and circumstances as noted above. Based on the current estimate of fair value for both of these reporting units, we determined that substantial excess fair value over the current carrying value exists. There were no goodwill impairment losses recognized for the years ended March 31, 2019, 2018 or 2017.

We have indefinite-lived intangible assets in the form of trademarks and license agreements. We review these intangible assets at least annually for impairment, or whenever events or changes in circumstances indicate that the carrying amount may not be recoverable. Significant assumptions used in the impairment test include the discount rate, royalty rate, future projections and terminal value growth rate. These inputs are considered non-recurring level three inputs within the fair value hierarchy. An impairment loss would be recognized when estimated future cash flows are less than their carrying amount. We recorded impairment losses on intangible assets (excluding those related to discontinued operations) of zero or negligible for the years ended March 31, 2019, 2018 and 2017 for continuing operations.

ACCOUNTING DEVELOPMENTS

We have presented the information about accounting pronouncements not yet implemented in Note 1 to our consolidated financial statements included in Item 8 of this Annual Report.

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ITEM 7A: QUANTITATIVE AND QUALITATIVE DISCLOSURES ABOUT MARKET RISK

We are exposed to market risk from changes in interest rates and foreign currency exchange rates, which may adversely affect our consolidated financial position and results of operations. We seek to minimize these risks through regular operating and financing activities, and when deemed appropriate, through the use of interest rate swaps. It is our policy to enter into interest rate swaps only to the extent considered necessary to meet our risk management objectives. We do not purchase, hold or sell derivative financial instruments for trading or speculative purposes.

Variable Rate Indebtedness

We are subject to interest rate risk on our variable rate indebtedness. Fluctuations in interest rates have a direct effect on interest expense associated with our outstanding indebtedness. As of March 31, 2019, we had $20.0 million in outstanding variable rate indebtedness, after consideration of the interest rate swap. We manage, or hedge, interest rate risks related to our borrowings by means of interest rate swap agreements. At March 31, 2019, we had an interest rate swap agreement that covered 36.4% of the $31.5 million of our total outstanding indebtedness. At March 31, 2019, the unhedged variable rate indebtedness of $20.0 million had a weighted average interest rate of 3.74%. Each quarter point change in interest rates would result in a change of less than $0.1 million in our interest expense on an annual basis.

We may also be exposed to credit risk in derivative contracts we may use. Credit risk is the failure of the counterparty to perform under the terms of the derivative contract. If the fair value of a derivative contract is positive, the counterparty will owe us, which creates credit risk for us. If the fair value of a derivative contract is negative, we will owe the counterparty and, therefore, do not have credit risk. We have sought to minimize the credit risk in derivative instruments by entering into transactions with high-quality counterparties.

Foreign Currency Exchange Rate Risk

We conduct a small portion of our operations outside of the U.S. in currencies other than the U.S. dollar. Our non-U.S. operations are conducted primarily in their local currencies, which are also their functional currencies, and include the British pound, Canadian dollar and Australian dollar. Foreign currency exposures arise from translation of foreign-denominated assets and liabilities into U.S. dollars and from transactions denominated in a currency other than a non-U.S. operation’s functional currency. We realized net (losses) gains associated with foreign currency translation of $(2.0) million, $3.3 million and $(2.9) million for the years ended March 31, 2019, 2018 or 2017, respectively, which are included in accumulated other comprehensive income (loss). We recognized foreign currency transaction net gains (losses) of $0.4 million, $(0.4) million and $1.1 million for the years ended March 31, 2019, 2018 or 2017, respectively, which are included in other income (expense), net on our consolidated statements of operations.

Based on a sensitivity analysis at March 31, 2019, a 10% change in the foreign currency exchange rates for the year ended March 31, 2019 would have impacted our income from continuing operations by approximately 1%. This calculation assumes that all currencies change in the same direction and proportion relative to the U.S. dollar and that there are no indirect effects, such as changes in non-U.S. dollar sales volumes or prices.

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ITEM 8: FINANCIAL STATEMENTS AND SUPPLEMENTARY DATA

REPORT OF INDEPENDENT REGISTERED PUBLIC ACCOUNTING FIRM

Board of Directors and Shareholders

CSW Industrials, Inc.

Opinion on the financial statements

We have audited the accompanying consolidated balance sheets of CSW Industrials, Inc. (a Delaware corporation) and subsidiaries (the “Company”) as of March 31, 2019 and 2018, the related consolidated statements of operations, comprehensive income (loss), equity and cash flows for each of the three years in the period ended March 31, 2019, and the related notes (collectively referred to as the “financial statements”). In our opinion, the financial statements present fairly, in all material respects, the financial position of the Company as of March 31, 2019 and 2018, and the results of its operations and its cash flows for each of the three years in the period ended March 31, 2019, in conformity with accounting principles generally accepted in the United States of America.

We also have audited, in accordance with the standards of the Public Company Accounting Oversight Board (United States) (“PCAOB”), the Company’s internal control over financial reporting as of March 31, 2019, based on criteria established in the 2013 Internal Control—Integrated Framework issued by the Committee of Sponsoring Organizations of the Treadway Commission (“COSO”), and our report dated May 22, 2019 expressed an unqualified opinion.

Basis for opinion

These financial statements are the responsibility of the Company’s management. Our responsibility is to express an opinion on the Company’s financial statements based on our audits. We are a public accounting firm registered with the PCAOB and are required to be independent with respect to the Company in accordance with the U.S. federal securities laws and the applicable rules and regulations of the Securities and Exchange Commission and the PCAOB.

We conducted our audits in accordance with the standards of the PCAOB. Those standards require that we plan and perform the audit to obtain reasonable assurance about whether the financial statements are free of material misstatement, whether due to error or fraud. Our audits included performing procedures to assess the risks of material misstatement of the financial statements, whether due to error or fraud, and performing procedures that respond to those risks. Such procedures included examining, on a test basis, evidence supporting the amounts and disclosures in the financial statements. Our audits also included evaluating the accounting principles used and significant estimates made by management, as well as evaluating the overall presentation of the financial statements. We believe that our audits provide a reasonable basis for our opinion.

/s/ GRANT THORNTON LLP

We have served as the Company’s auditor since 2015.

Dallas, Texas

May 22, 2019

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CSW INDUSTRIALS, INC.

CONSOLIDATED BALANCE SHEETS

	March 31,
(Amounts in thousands, except per share amounts)	2019		2018
ASSETS
Current assets:
Cash and cash equivalents	$	26,651	$	11,706
Accounts receivable, net	66,136		63,383
Inventories, net	51,429		42,974
Prepaid expenses and other current assets	7,030		7,077
Current assets, discontinued operations	21		2,427
Total current assets	151,267		127,567
Property, plant and equipment, net	53,639		54,473
Goodwill	86,295		81,764
Intangible assets, net	50,466		53,054
Other assets	10,965		23,958
Total assets	$	352,632	$	340,816
LIABILITIES AND EQUITY
Current liabilities:
Accounts payable	$	19,024	$	16,826
Accrued and other current liabilities	29,426		23,501
Current portion of long-term debt	561		561
Current liabilities, discontinued operations	161		3,966
Total current liabilities	49,172		44,854
Long-term debt	30,898		23,459
Retirement benefits payable	1,978		2,017
Other long-term liabilities	6,114		4,721
Noncurrent liabilities, discontinued operations	784		—
Total liabilities	88,946		75,051
Equity:
Common shares, $0.01 par value	158		158
Shares authorized – 50,000
Shares issued – 16,001 and 15,957, respectively
Preferred shares, $0.01 par value	—		—
Shares authorized and issued – 10,000 and 0, respectively
Additional paid-in capital	46,633		42,684
Treasury shares, at cost (962 and 80 shares, respectively)	(49,964)		(3,252)
Retained earnings	277,588		233,650
Accumulated other comprehensive loss	(10,729)		(7,475)
Total equity	263,686		265,765
Total liabilities and equity	$	352,632	$	340,816

See accompanying notes to consolidated financial statements.

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CSW INDUSTRIALS, INC.

CONSOLIDATED STATEMENTS OF OPERATIONS

	Year Ended March 31,
(Amounts in thousands, except per share amounts)	2019		2018		2017
Revenues, net	$	350,155	$	326,222	$	287,460
Cost of revenues	(188,785)		(178,282)		(158,504)
Gross profit	161,370		147,940		128,956
Selling, general and administrative expenses	(100,930)		(98,281)		(95,601)
Impairment expenses	—		—		(1,315)
Operating income	60,440		49,659		32,040
Interest expense, net	(1,442)		(2,317)		(2,695)
Other income, net	2,443		905		2,815
Income before income taxes	61,441		48,247		32,160
Provision for income taxes	(15,389)		(15,565)		(14,360)
Income from continuing operations	46,052		32,682		17,800
Loss from discontinued operations, net of tax	(478)		(44,564)		(6,729)
Net income (loss)	$	45,574	$	(11,882)	$	11,071
Basic earnings (loss) per common share:
Continuing operations	$	2.99	$	2.09	$	1.13
Discontinued operations	(0.03)		(2.85)		(0.43)
Net income (loss)	$	2.96	$	(0.76)	$	0.70
Diluted earnings (loss) per common share:
Continuing operations	$	2.96	$	2.09	$	1.12
Discontinued operations	(0.03)		(2.85)		(0.42)
Net income (loss)	$	2.93	$	(0.76)	$	0.70

CONSOLIDATED STATEMENTS OF COMPREHENSIVE INCOME (LOSS)

	Year Ended March 31,
(Amounts in thousands)	2019		2018		2017
Net income (loss)	$	45,574	$	(11,882)	$	11,071
Other comprehensive income (loss):
Foreign currency translation adjustments	(2,032)		3,295		(2,884)
Cash flow hedging activity, net of taxes of $72, $(162) and $(441), respectively	(286)		294		819
Pension and other postretirement effects, net of taxes of $177, $233 and $311, respectively	(936)		(629)		(672)
Other comprehensive (loss) income	(3,254)		2,960		(2,737)
Comprehensive income (loss)	$	42,320	$	(8,922)	$	8,334

See accompanying notes to consolidated financial statements.

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CSW INDUSTRIALS, INC.

CONSOLIDATED STATEMENTS OF EQUITY

(Amounts in thousands)	Common Stock		Treasury Shares		Additional Paid-In Capital		Retained Earnings		Accumulated Other Comprehensive Loss		Total Equity
Balance at March 31, 2016	$	156	$	—	$	31,597	$	233,955	$	(7,698)	$	258,010
Adoption of ASU 2016-09	—		—		294		—		—		294
Share-based and other executive compensation	—		—		4,641		—		—		4,641
Stock activity under stock plans	1		(1,011)		2,169		—		—		1,159
Net income	—		—		—		11,071		—		11,071
Other comprehensive loss, net of tax	—		—		—		—		(2,737)		(2,737)
Balance at March 31, 2017	$	157	$	(1,011)	$	38,701	$	245,026	$	(10,435)	$	272,438
Adoption of ASU 2016-09	—