Revenue

3 Months Ended

Mar. 31, 2025

Revenue

Revenue

(5) Revenue

All of the Company’s gathering and compression revenues are derived from operating lease agreements, and all of the Company’s water handling revenues are derived from service contracts with customers. The Company earned substantially all of its revenues from Antero Resources.

(a) Gathering and Compression

The Company’s gathering and compression service agreements with Antero Resources include: (i) the second amended and restated gathering and compression agreement dated December 8, 2019 (the “2019 gathering and compression agreement”), (ii) a gathering and compression agreement acquired with the Crestwood Equity Partners LP (“Crestwood”) assets (the “Marcellus gathering and compression agreement”), (iii) a compression agreement acquired with the EnLink Midstream LLC (NYSE: ENLC) (“EnLink”) assets (the “Utica compression agreement”) and (iv) a gathering and compression agreement acquired with the Summit Midstream Partners, LP (NYSE: SMLP) (“Summit”) assets (the “Mountaineer gathering and compression agreement,” and together with the 2019 gathering and compression agreement, the Marcellus gathering and compression agreement and the Utica compression agreement, the “gathering and compression agreements”). See Note 6—Property and Equipment for additional information.

Pursuant to the gathering and compression agreements, Antero Resources has dedicated substantially all of its current and future acreage in West Virginia, Ohio and Pennsylvania to the Company for gathering and compression services. The 2019 gathering and compression agreement, Marcellus gathering and compression agreement and Mountaineer gathering and compression agreement have initial terms through 2038, 2031 and 2026, respectively, and the Utica compression agreement has one remaining acreage dedication that expires in 2030. Upon expiration of the Marcellus gathering and compression agreement, the Utica compression agreement and the Mountaineer gathering and compression service agreement, the Company will continue to provide gathering and compression services under the 2019 gathering and compression agreement. The Company also has an option to gather and compress natural gas produced by Antero Resources on any additional undedicated acreage it acquires during the term of the 2019 gathering and compression agreement outside of West Virginia, Ohio and Pennsylvania on the same terms and conditions as the 2019 gathering and compression agreement. Upon completion of the initial contract term in 2038, the 2019 gathering and compression agreement will continue in effect from year to year until such

time as the agreement is terminated, effective upon an anniversary of the effective date of the agreement, by notice from either the Company or Antero Resources to the other party on or before the 180th day prior to the anniversary of such agreement.

Under the gathering and compression agreements, the Company receives, where applicable, a low pressure gathering fee, a high pressure gathering fee and a compression fee, substantially all of which are subject to annual Consumer Price Index (“CPI”)-based adjustments (or, in the case of the 2019 gathering and compression agreement, the option in certain cases to elect a cost of service fee when such assets are placed in-service). In addition, under the 2019 gathering and compression agreement, the Company receives a reimbursement for certain variable costs, such as electricity and operating expenses.

The Company determined that its gathering and compression agreements are operating leases as Antero Resources obtains substantially all of the economic benefit of the assets and has the right to direct the use of the assets. Each gathering and compression system is an identifiable asset, and consists of a network of assets that may include underground low pressure pipelines that connect and deliver gas from specific well pads to compressor stations to compress the gas before delivery to underground high pressure pipelines that transport the gas to a third-party pipeline, third-party processing plant or a Joint Venture processing plant. Each compression system is an identifiable asset, and consists of a network of assets that include compressor stations that connect to underground high pressure pipelines that transport the gas to a third-party pipeline, third-party processing plant or a Joint Venture processing plant. Each set of assets in an agreement is considered to be a single lease due to the interrelated network of the assets required to provide services under each respective agreement. When a modification to an agreement occurs, the Company reassesses the classification of the lease. The Company accounts for its lease and non-lease components as a single lease component as the lease component is the predominant component. The non-lease components consist of operating, oversight and maintenance of the gathering systems, which are performed on time-elapsed measures.

The 2019 gathering and compression agreement, the Marcellus gathering and compression agreement and the Mountaineer gathering and compression agreement include certain fixed fee provisions. If and to the extent Antero Resources requests that the Company construct new low pressure lines, high pressure lines and/or compressor stations, the 2019 gathering and compression agreement contains options at the Company’s election for either (i) minimum volume commitments that require Antero Resources to utilize or pay for 75% of the high pressure gathering capacity and 70% of the compression capacity of such new construction for 10 years or (ii) a cost of service fee that allows the Company to earn a 13% rate of return on such new construction over seven years, which election is made individually for each piece of equipment placed in service. The Marcellus gathering and compression agreement provides for a minimum volume commitment that requires Antero Resources to utilize or pay for 25% of the compression capacity for a period of 10 years from the in-service date. The Mountaineer gathering and compression agreement provides for monthly minimum compression and gathering fees for each compressor station or high pressure gathering line, respectively, for a period of 12 years commencing 90 days after such asset’s in-service date. All lease payments under the minimum volume commitments, cost of service fees and minimum gathering and compression fees are considered to be in-substance fixed lease payments (“minimum lease payments”) under the gathering and compression agreements. As of March 31, 2025, the minimum lease payments for the 2019 gathering and compression agreement and Mountaineer gathering and compression agreement end in 2035 and 2026, respectively. As of January 1, 2025, there are no minimum lease payments for the Marcellus gathering and compression agreement.

The Company recognizes lease income from its minimum lease payments under its gathering and compression agreements on a straight-line basis. Additional variable operating lease income is earned when volumes in excess of the minimum commitments or fees are delivered under the contract. The Company recognizes variable lease income when low pressure volumes are delivered to a compressor station, compression volumes are delivered to a high pressure line and high pressure volumes are delivered to a processing plant or transmission pipeline, as applicable. Minimum volume commitments for each of the 2019 gathering and compression agreement and Marcellus gathering and compression agreement are aggregated such that each agreement has a single minimum volume commitment for the respective service each year. The Mountaineer gathering and compression agreement minimum compression and gathering fees are not subject to aggregation and are determined on a monthly basis for each compressor station and gathering line, respectively, subject to such agreement. The Company invoices the customer the month after each service is performed, and payment is due in the same month. The Company is not party to any leases that have not commenced.

Minimum future lease cash flows to be received by the Company under the gathering and compression agreements as of March 31, 2025 are as follows (in thousands):

Remainder of year ending December 31, 2025	$	234,031
Year ending December 31, 2026		315,911
Year ending December 31, 2027		250,571
Year ending December 31, 2028		181,179
Year ending December 31, 2029		121,236
Thereafter		221,575
Total	$	1,324,503

(b) Water Handling

The Company is party to a water services agreement with Antero Resources, whereby the Company provides certain water handling services to Antero Resources within an area of dedication in defined service areas in West Virginia and Ohio. The initial term of the water services agreement runs to 2035. Upon completion of the initial term in 2035, the water services agreement will continue in effect from year to year until such time as the agreement is terminated, effective upon an anniversary of the effective date of the agreement, by notice from either the Company or Antero Resources to the other party on or before the 180^th day prior to the anniversary of such agreement. Under the agreement, the Company receives a fixed fee for fresh water deliveries by pipeline directly to the well site, subject to annual CPI-based adjustments. In addition, the Company provides other fluid handling services. These operations, along with the Company’s fresh water delivery systems, support well completion and production operations for Antero Resources. These services are provided by the Company directly or through third-parties with which the Company contracts. For these other fluid handling services provided by third-parties, Antero Resources reimburses the Company’s third-party out-of-pocket costs plus 3%. For these other fluid handling services provided by the Company, the Company charges Antero Resources a cost of service fee. As of March 31, 2025, the Company had minimum future revenues for its cost of service fees of $34 million to be received and recognized by the Company under the water services agreement during 2025 through 2032 as the agreement’s performance obligations are satisfied.

The Company satisfies its performance obligations and recognizes revenue when (i) the fresh water volumes have been delivered to the hydration unit of a specified well pad or (ii) other fluid handling services have been completed. The Company invoices the customer the month after water services are performed, and payment is due in the same month. For services contracted through third-party providers, the Company’s performance obligation is satisfied when the service to be performed by the third-party provider has been completed. The Company invoices the customer after the third-party provider billing is received, and payment is due in the same month.

Transaction Price Allocated to Remaining Performance Obligations

The Company’s water service agreement with Antero Resources has a term greater than one year. The Company is not required to disclose the transaction price allocated to remaining performance obligations if the variable consideration is allocated entirely to a wholly unsatisfied performance obligation. Under this contract, each unit of product delivered to the customer represents a separate performance obligation; therefore, future volumes are wholly unsatisfied and disclosure of the transaction price allocated to remaining performance obligations is not required.

The Company also performs water services for third-party customers and such contracts are short-term in nature with a contract term of one year or less. Accordingly, the Company is exempt from disclosure of the transaction price allocated to remaining performance obligations if the performance obligation is part of a contract that has an original expected duration of one year or less.

Contract Balances

Under the Company’s water service contracts, the Company invoices customers after the performance obligations have been satisfied, at which point payment is unconditional. Accordingly, the Company’s water service contracts do not give rise to contract assets or liabilities.

(c) Disaggregation of Revenue

In the following table, revenue is disaggregated by type of service and type of fee and is identified by the reportable segment to which such revenues relate. See Note 15—Reportable Segments for additional information.

	Three Months Ended March 31,
(in thousands)	2024		2025		Reportable Segment
Type of service
Gathering—low pressure	$	106,736		109,005	Gathering and Processing (1)
Compression		62,584		65,074	Gathering and Processing (1)
Gathering—high pressure		58,273		63,938	Gathering and Processing (1)
Fresh water delivery		44,146		41,209	Water Handling
Other fluid handling		24,980		29,571	Water Handling
Amortization of customer relationships		(9,271)		(9,271)	Gathering and Processing
Amortization of customer relationships		(8,397)		(8,397)	Water Handling
Total	$	279,051		291,129
Type of contract
Per unit fixed fee	$	227,593		238,017	Gathering and Processing (1)
Per unit fixed fee		44,817		41,715	Water Handling
Cost plus 3%		17,410		20,353	Water Handling
Cost of service fee		6,899		8,712	Water Handling
Amortization of customer relationships		(9,271)		(9,271)	Gathering and Processing
Amortization of customer relationships		(8,397)		(8,397)	Water Handling
Total	$	279,051		291,129

(1) Revenue related to the gathering and processing segment is classified as lease income related to the gathering and compression systems.

The Company’s receivables from its contracts with customers and operating leases as of December 31, 2024 and March 31, 2025, were $115 million and $124 million, respectively.

Lessor, Operating Leases

(5) Revenue

All of the Company’s gathering and compression revenues are derived from operating lease agreements, and all of the Company’s water handling revenues are derived from service contracts with customers. The Company earned substantially all of its revenues from Antero Resources.

(a) Gathering and Compression

The Company’s gathering and compression service agreements with Antero Resources include: (i) the second amended and restated gathering and compression agreement dated December 8, 2019 (the “2019 gathering and compression agreement”), (ii) a gathering and compression agreement acquired with the Crestwood Equity Partners LP (“Crestwood”) assets (the “Marcellus gathering and compression agreement”), (iii) a compression agreement acquired with the EnLink Midstream LLC (NYSE: ENLC) (“EnLink”) assets (the “Utica compression agreement”) and (iv) a gathering and compression agreement acquired with the Summit Midstream Partners, LP (NYSE: SMLP) (“Summit”) assets (the “Mountaineer gathering and compression agreement,” and together with the 2019 gathering and compression agreement, the Marcellus gathering and compression agreement and the Utica compression agreement, the “gathering and compression agreements”). See Note 6—Property and Equipment for additional information.

Pursuant to the gathering and compression agreements, Antero Resources has dedicated substantially all of its current and future acreage in West Virginia, Ohio and Pennsylvania to the Company for gathering and compression services. The 2019 gathering and compression agreement, Marcellus gathering and compression agreement and Mountaineer gathering and compression agreement have initial terms through 2038, 2031 and 2026, respectively, and the Utica compression agreement has one remaining acreage dedication that expires in 2030. Upon expiration of the Marcellus gathering and compression agreement, the Utica compression agreement and the Mountaineer gathering and compression service agreement, the Company will continue to provide gathering and compression services under the 2019 gathering and compression agreement. The Company also has an option to gather and compress natural gas produced by Antero Resources on any additional undedicated acreage it acquires during the term of the 2019 gathering and compression agreement outside of West Virginia, Ohio and Pennsylvania on the same terms and conditions as the 2019 gathering and compression agreement. Upon completion of the initial contract term in 2038, the 2019 gathering and compression agreement will continue in effect from year to year until such

time as the agreement is terminated, effective upon an anniversary of the effective date of the agreement, by notice from either the Company or Antero Resources to the other party on or before the 180th day prior to the anniversary of such agreement.

Under the gathering and compression agreements, the Company receives, where applicable, a low pressure gathering fee, a high pressure gathering fee and a compression fee, substantially all of which are subject to annual Consumer Price Index (“CPI”)-based adjustments (or, in the case of the 2019 gathering and compression agreement, the option in certain cases to elect a cost of service fee when such assets are placed in-service). In addition, under the 2019 gathering and compression agreement, the Company receives a reimbursement for certain variable costs, such as electricity and operating expenses.

The Company determined that its gathering and compression agreements are operating leases as Antero Resources obtains substantially all of the economic benefit of the assets and has the right to direct the use of the assets. Each gathering and compression system is an identifiable asset, and consists of a network of assets that may include underground low pressure pipelines that connect and deliver gas from specific well pads to compressor stations to compress the gas before delivery to underground high pressure pipelines that transport the gas to a third-party pipeline, third-party processing plant or a Joint Venture processing plant. Each compression system is an identifiable asset, and consists of a network of assets that include compressor stations that connect to underground high pressure pipelines that transport the gas to a third-party pipeline, third-party processing plant or a Joint Venture processing plant. Each set of assets in an agreement is considered to be a single lease due to the interrelated network of the assets required to provide services under each respective agreement. When a modification to an agreement occurs, the Company reassesses the classification of the lease. The Company accounts for its lease and non-lease components as a single lease component as the lease component is the predominant component. The non-lease components consist of operating, oversight and maintenance of the gathering systems, which are performed on time-elapsed measures.

The 2019 gathering and compression agreement, the Marcellus gathering and compression agreement and the Mountaineer gathering and compression agreement include certain fixed fee provisions. If and to the extent Antero Resources requests that the Company construct new low pressure lines, high pressure lines and/or compressor stations, the 2019 gathering and compression agreement contains options at the Company’s election for either (i) minimum volume commitments that require Antero Resources to utilize or pay for 75% of the high pressure gathering capacity and 70% of the compression capacity of such new construction for 10 years or (ii) a cost of service fee that allows the Company to earn a 13% rate of return on such new construction over seven years, which election is made individually for each piece of equipment placed in service. The Marcellus gathering and compression agreement provides for a minimum volume commitment that requires Antero Resources to utilize or pay for 25% of the compression capacity for a period of 10 years from the in-service date. The Mountaineer gathering and compression agreement provides for monthly minimum compression and gathering fees for each compressor station or high pressure gathering line, respectively, for a period of 12 years commencing 90 days after such asset’s in-service date. All lease payments under the minimum volume commitments, cost of service fees and minimum gathering and compression fees are considered to be in-substance fixed lease payments (“minimum lease payments”) under the gathering and compression agreements. As of March 31, 2025, the minimum lease payments for the 2019 gathering and compression agreement and Mountaineer gathering and compression agreement end in 2035 and 2026, respectively. As of January 1, 2025, there are no minimum lease payments for the Marcellus gathering and compression agreement.

The Company recognizes lease income from its minimum lease payments under its gathering and compression agreements on a straight-line basis. Additional variable operating lease income is earned when volumes in excess of the minimum commitments or fees are delivered under the contract. The Company recognizes variable lease income when low pressure volumes are delivered to a compressor station, compression volumes are delivered to a high pressure line and high pressure volumes are delivered to a processing plant or transmission pipeline, as applicable. Minimum volume commitments for each of the 2019 gathering and compression agreement and Marcellus gathering and compression agreement are aggregated such that each agreement has a single minimum volume commitment for the respective service each year. The Mountaineer gathering and compression agreement minimum compression and gathering fees are not subject to aggregation and are determined on a monthly basis for each compressor station and gathering line, respectively, subject to such agreement. The Company invoices the customer the month after each service is performed, and payment is due in the same month. The Company is not party to any leases that have not commenced.

Minimum future lease cash flows to be received by the Company under the gathering and compression agreements as of March 31, 2025 are as follows (in thousands):

Remainder of year ending December 31, 2025	$	234,031
Year ending December 31, 2026		315,911
Year ending December 31, 2027		250,571
Year ending December 31, 2028		181,179
Year ending December 31, 2029		121,236
Thereafter		221,575
Total	$	1,324,503

(b) Water Handling

The Company is party to a water services agreement with Antero Resources, whereby the Company provides certain water handling services to Antero Resources within an area of dedication in defined service areas in West Virginia and Ohio. The initial term of the water services agreement runs to 2035. Upon completion of the initial term in 2035, the water services agreement will continue in effect from year to year until such time as the agreement is terminated, effective upon an anniversary of the effective date of the agreement, by notice from either the Company or Antero Resources to the other party on or before the 180^th day prior to the anniversary of such agreement. Under the agreement, the Company receives a fixed fee for fresh water deliveries by pipeline directly to the well site, subject to annual CPI-based adjustments. In addition, the Company provides other fluid handling services. These operations, along with the Company’s fresh water delivery systems, support well completion and production operations for Antero Resources. These services are provided by the Company directly or through third-parties with which the Company contracts. For these other fluid handling services provided by third-parties, Antero Resources reimburses the Company’s third-party out-of-pocket costs plus 3%. For these other fluid handling services provided by the Company, the Company charges Antero Resources a cost of service fee. As of March 31, 2025, the Company had minimum future revenues for its cost of service fees of $34 million to be received and recognized by the Company under the water services agreement during 2025 through 2032 as the agreement’s performance obligations are satisfied.

The Company satisfies its performance obligations and recognizes revenue when (i) the fresh water volumes have been delivered to the hydration unit of a specified well pad or (ii) other fluid handling services have been completed. The Company invoices the customer the month after water services are performed, and payment is due in the same month. For services contracted through third-party providers, the Company’s performance obligation is satisfied when the service to be performed by the third-party provider has been completed. The Company invoices the customer after the third-party provider billing is received, and payment is due in the same month.

Transaction Price Allocated to Remaining Performance Obligations

The Company’s water service agreement with Antero Resources has a term greater than one year. The Company is not required to disclose the transaction price allocated to remaining performance obligations if the variable consideration is allocated entirely to a wholly unsatisfied performance obligation. Under this contract, each unit of product delivered to the customer represents a separate performance obligation; therefore, future volumes are wholly unsatisfied and disclosure of the transaction price allocated to remaining performance obligations is not required.

The Company also performs water services for third-party customers and such contracts are short-term in nature with a contract term of one year or less. Accordingly, the Company is exempt from disclosure of the transaction price allocated to remaining performance obligations if the performance obligation is part of a contract that has an original expected duration of one year or less.

Contract Balances

Under the Company’s water service contracts, the Company invoices customers after the performance obligations have been satisfied, at which point payment is unconditional. Accordingly, the Company’s water service contracts do not give rise to contract assets or liabilities.

(c) Disaggregation of Revenue

In the following table, revenue is disaggregated by type of service and type of fee and is identified by the reportable segment to which such revenues relate. See Note 15—Reportable Segments for additional information.

	Three Months Ended March 31,
(in thousands)	2024		2025		Reportable Segment
Type of service
Gathering—low pressure	$	106,736		109,005	Gathering and Processing (1)
Compression		62,584		65,074	Gathering and Processing (1)
Gathering—high pressure		58,273		63,938	Gathering and Processing (1)
Fresh water delivery		44,146		41,209	Water Handling
Other fluid handling		24,980		29,571	Water Handling
Amortization of customer relationships		(9,271)		(9,271)	Gathering and Processing
Amortization of customer relationships		(8,397)		(8,397)	Water Handling
Total	$	279,051		291,129
Type of contract
Per unit fixed fee	$	227,593		238,017	Gathering and Processing (1)
Per unit fixed fee		44,817		41,715	Water Handling
Cost plus 3%		17,410		20,353	Water Handling
Cost of service fee		6,899		8,712	Water Handling
Amortization of customer relationships		(9,271)		(9,271)	Gathering and Processing
Amortization of customer relationships		(8,397)		(8,397)	Water Handling
Total	$	279,051		291,129

(1) Revenue related to the gathering and processing segment is classified as lease income related to the gathering and compression systems.

The Company’s receivables from its contracts with customers and operating leases as of December 31, 2024 and March 31, 2025, were $115 million and $124 million, respectively.