0001193125-19-100534.txt : 20190408 0001193125-19-100534.hdr.sgml : 20190408 20190408150014 ACCESSION NUMBER: 0001193125-19-100534 CONFORMED SUBMISSION TYPE: N-2 PUBLIC DOCUMENT COUNT: 5 FILED AS OF DATE: 20190408 DATE AS OF CHANGE: 20190408 FILER: COMPANY DATA: COMPANY CONFORMED NAME: HIGHLAND GLOBAL ALLOCATION FUND CENTRAL INDEX KEY: 0001622148 IRS NUMBER: 000000000 STATE OF INCORPORATION: MA FISCAL YEAR END: 1231 FILING VALUES: FORM TYPE: N-2 SEC ACT: 1933 Act SEC FILE NUMBER: 333-230763 FILM NUMBER: 19737288 BUSINESS ADDRESS: STREET 1: 200 CRESCENT COURT STREET 2: SUITE 700 CITY: DALLAS STATE: TX ZIP: 75201 BUSINESS PHONE: 972-628-4100 MAIL ADDRESS: STREET 1: 200 CRESCENT COURT STREET 2: SUITE 700 CITY: DALLAS STATE: TX ZIP: 75201 FILER: COMPANY DATA: COMPANY CONFORMED NAME: HIGHLAND GLOBAL ALLOCATION FUND CENTRAL INDEX KEY: 0001622148 IRS NUMBER: 000000000 STATE OF INCORPORATION: MA FISCAL YEAR END: 1231 FILING VALUES: FORM TYPE: N-2 SEC ACT: 1940 Act SEC FILE NUMBER: 811-23369 FILM NUMBER: 19737289 BUSINESS ADDRESS: STREET 1: 200 CRESCENT COURT STREET 2: SUITE 700 CITY: DALLAS STATE: TX ZIP: 75201 BUSINESS PHONE: 972-628-4100 MAIL ADDRESS: STREET 1: 200 CRESCENT COURT STREET 2: SUITE 700 CITY: DALLAS STATE: TX ZIP: 75201 N-2 1 d689869dn2.htm HIGHLAND GLOBAL ALLOCATION FUND HIGHLAND GLOBAL ALLOCATION FUND
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As filed with the Securities and Exchange Commission on April 8, 2019

Securities Act of 1933 Registration No. 333-[    ]

Investment Company Act of 1940 Registration No. 811-23369

 

 

 

SECURITIES AND EXCHANGE COMMISSION

Washington, D.C. 20549

 

 

FORM N-2

 

 

REGISTRATION STATEMENT

UNDER

THE SECURITIES ACT OF 1933

and

REGISTRATION STATEMENT

Under

the Investment Company Act of 1940

Amendment No. 3

 

 

HIGHLAND GLOBAL ALLOCATION FUND

(Exact Name of Registrant as Specified in Charter)

 

 

c/o Highland Capital Management Fund Advisors, L.P.

300 Crescent Court, Suite 700

Dallas, Texas 75201

(Address of Principal Executive Offices, including Zip Code)

Registrant’s Telephone Number, Including Area Code: 866-745-0264

 

 

Copy to:

Mr. Dustin Norris

c/o Highland Capital Management Fund Advisors, L.P.

300 Crescent Court, Suite 700

Dallas, Texas 75201

 

R. Charles Miller, Esq.

K&L Gates LLP

1601 K Street, NW

Washington, DC 20006

(Name and Address of Agent for Service)  

 

 

Approximate date of proposed public offering: From time to time after the effective date of this Registration Statement.

If any securities being registered on this form will be offered on a delayed or continuous basis in reliance on Rule 415 under the Securities Act of 1933, as amended, other than securities offered in connection with a dividend reinvestment plan, check the following box.   ☒

It is proposed that this filing will become effective (check appropriate box)

 

 

When declared effective pursuant to section 8(c).

If appropriate, check the following box:

 

 

This [post-effective] amendment designates a new effective date for a previously filed [post-effective amendment] [registration statement].

☐ This form is filed to register additional securities for an offering pursuant to Rule 462(b) under the Securities Act and the Securities Act registration number of the earlier effective registration statement for the same offering is  ☐

 

 

 


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CALCULATION OF REGISTRATION FEE UNDER THE SECURITIES ACT OF 1933

 

 

Title of

Securities Being Registered

 

Proposed
Maximum
Aggregate

Offering Price (1)

 

Amount of

Registration Fee

Common Shares of Beneficial Interest (2)

       

Preferred Shares of Beneficial Interest (2)

       

Subscription Rights for Common Shares (2)

       

Subscription Rights for Preferred Shares (2)

       

Subscription Rights for Common Shares and Preferred Shares (2)

       

Total

  $350,000,000   $42,420

 

 

(1)

Estimated pursuant to Rule 457(o) solely for the purpose of determining the registration fee. The proposed maximum offering price per security will be determined, from time to time, by the Registrant in connection with the sale by the Registrant of the securities registered under this registration statement.

(2)

There is being registered hereunder an indeterminate principal amount of common or preferred shares or subscription rights to purchase common shares, preferred shares or common and preferred shares as may be sold, from time to time. In no event will the aggregate offering price of all securities issued from time to time pursuant to this registration statement exceed $250,000,000.


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HIGHLAND GLOBAL ALLOCATION FUND

CROSS REFERENCE SHEET

PARTS A AND B

 

Item No.    Registration Statement Caption    Caption in Part A or Part B
1.    Outside Front Cover    Front Cover
2.    Inside Front and Back Cover Page    Front and Back Cover
3.    Fee Table and Synopsis    Prospectus Summary/Fees and Expenses of the Fund
4.    Financial Highlights    Financial Highlights
5.    Plan of Distribution    Plan of Distribution
6.    Selling Shareholders    Not Applicable
7.    Use of Proceeds    Use of Proceeds
8.    General Description of Registrant    The Fund
9.    Management    Management of the Fund
10.    Capital Stock, Long-Term Debt, and Other Securities    Description of Capital Structure
11.    Defaults and Arrears on Senior Securities    Not Applicable
12.    Legal Proceedings    Legal Proceedings
13.   

    Table of Contents of the Statement of Additional

Information

  

    Table of Contents of the Statement of Additional

Information

14.    Cover Page    Cover Page
15.    Table of Contents    Table of Contents
16.    General Information and History    The Fund
17.    Investment Objective and Policies    Investment Strategies and Risks
18.    Management    Management of the Fund
19.    Control Persons and Principal Holders of Securities    Principal Holders of Securities
20.    Investment Advisory and Other Services    Investment Adviser
21.    Portfolio Managers    Portfolio Managers
22.    Brokerage Allocation and Other Practices    Portfolio Transactions and Brokerage
23.    Tax Status    Tax Matters
24.    Financial Statements    Financial Statements

Part C

The information required to be included in Part C is set forth under the appropriate Item, so numbered, in Part C of the Registration Statement.


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The information in this preliminary prospectus is not complete and may be changed. We may not sell these securities until the Registration Statement filed with the U.S. Securities and Exchange Commission is effective. This preliminary prospectus is not an offer to sell these securities and is not soliciting an offer to buy these securities in any jurisdiction where the offer or sale is not permitted.

 

Subject to Completion, Dated April 8, 2019

PROSPECTUS

$350,000,000

Highland Global Allocation Fund

Prospectus dated April 8, 2019

Common Shares

Preferred Shares

Subscription Rights to Purchase Common Shares

Subscription Rights to Purchase Preferred Shares

Subscription Rights to Purchase Common and Preferred Shares

 

 

The Highland Global Allocation Fund (the “Fund”) is a diversified, closed-end management investment company, which commenced operations on or about February 14, 2019. The Fund is the legal entity successor to Highland Global Allocation Fund, an open-end series of Highland Funds II, a Massachusetts business trust (the “Predecessor Fund”), a mutual fund with identical investment objectives, policies and restrictions, pursuant to the conversion of the Predecessor Fund into the Fund on February 13, 2019. The Predecessor Fund was also managed by Highland Capital Management Fund Advisors, L.P. (“HCMFA” or the “Adviser”). The Fund’s principal office is located at 300 Crescent Court, Suite 700, Dallas, Texas 75201 and its telephone number is 866-745-0264.

The investment objective of the Fund is to seek long-term growth of capital and future income (future income means the ability to pay dividends in the future). The Fund seeks to achieve its investment objectives by investing in a portfolio of U.S. and foreign equity, debt and money market securities. Under normal market conditions, the Fund intends to invest at least 50% of its net assets in equity securities and at least 40% (plus any borrowings for investment purpose) of its net assets in securities of non-U.S. issuers. The Fund intends to invest approximately 40% or more of its net assets in securities of non-U.S. issuers at all times, however, in the event of unfavorable market conditions the Fund may invest less than 40% (but not less than 30%) of its assets in securities of non-U.S. issuers.

For purposes of determining whether securities held by the Fund are securities of a non-U.S. issuer, a company is considered to be a non-U.S. issuer if the company’s securities principally trade on a market outside of the United States, the company derives a majority of its revenues or profits outside of the United States, the company is not organized in the United States, or the company is significantly exposed to the economic fortunes and risks of regions outside the United States.

You should read this Prospectus and the related Prospectus Supplement, which contains important information about the Fund, before deciding whether to invest, and retain it for future reference. A Statement of Additional Information, dated April 8, 2019, containing additional information about the Fund has been filed with the Commission and is incorporated by reference in its entirety into this Prospectus. You can review the table of contents of the Statement of Additional Information in this Prospectus. You may request a free copy of the Statement of Additional Information, request the Fund’s most recent annual and semi-annual reports, request information about the Fund and make shareholder inquiries by calling 866-745-0264 or by writing to the Fund at 300 Crescent Court, Suite 700, Dallas, Texas 75201. The Fund’s most recent annual and semi-annual reports are available, free of charge from the Commission’s web site at www.sec.gov.

 

 

Investing in our securities involves a high degree of risk and may be considered speculative. Before investing in the Fund’s securities, you should read the discussion of the material risks of investing in the Fund, including the risks of leverage, in the “Principal Risks of the Fund” section of this Prospectus.

Neither the U.S. Securities and Exchange Commission nor any state securities commission has approved or disapproved of these securities or determined that this Prospectus is truthful or complete. Any representation to the contrary is a criminal offense.

 

 

The Fund’s securities do not represent a deposit or obligation of, and are not guaranteed or endorsed by, any bank or other insured depository institution, and are not federally insured by the Federal Deposit Insurance Corporation, the Federal Reserve Board or any other government agency.


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Table of Contents

 

     Page  

Cautionary Notice Regarding Forward-Looking Statements

     1  

Prospectus Summary

     2  

Fees and Expenses of the Fund

     17  

Financial Highlights

     18  

Plan of Distribution

     22  

Use of Proceeds

     23  

The Fund

     23  

Investment Objectives and Policies

     23  

Investment Strategies

     25  

Use of Leverage

     30  

Principal Risks of the Fund

     30  

Management of the Fund

     45  

Distributions

     51  

Dividend Reinvestment Plan

     52  

Description of Capital Structure

     53  

Closed-End Structure

     59  

Repurchase of Common Shares; Discount

     59  

Taxation

     61  

Legal Proceedings

     64  

Table of Contents for the Statement of Additional Information

     65  

You should rely only on the information contained or incorporated by reference in this Prospectus. The Fund has not authorized any other person to provide you with different information. If anyone provides you with different or inconsistent information, you should not rely on it. The Fund is not making an offer to sell these securities in any jurisdiction where the offer or sale is not permitted. The information in this Prospectus and any accompanying Prospectus Supplements is accurate only as of the date of this Prospectus or such Prospectus Supplement, as applicable, and under no circumstances should the delivery of this Prospectus or any accompanying Prospectus Supplement or the sale of any securities imply that the information in this Prospectus or such accompanying Prospectus Supplement is accurate as of any later date or that the affairs of the Fund have not changed since the date hereof or thereof. Our business, financial condition, results of operations and prospects may have changed since then. We will update the information in these documents to reflect material changes only as required by law.


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Cautionary Notice Regarding Forward-Looking Statements

This Prospectus and the Statement of Additional Information contain “forward-looking statements.” Forward-looking statements can be identified by the words “may,” “will,” “intend,” “expect,” “estimate,” “continue,” “plan,” “anticipate,” and similar terms and the negative of such terms. Such forward-looking statements may be contained in this Prospectus. By their nature, all forward-looking statements involve risks and uncertainties, and actual results could differ materially from those contemplated by the forward-looking statements. Several factors that could materially affect our actual results are the performance of the portfolio of securities we hold, the price at which our shares will trade in the public markets and other factors discussed in our periodic filings with the SEC.

Although we believe that the expectations expressed in our forward-looking statements are reasonable, actual results could differ materially from those projected or assumed in our forward-looking statements. Our future financial condition and results of operations, as well as any forward-looking statements, are subject to change and are subject to inherent risks and uncertainties.

These risks include, but are not limited to, the following:

 

   

Investment risk;

 

   

Changes in interest rates;

 

   

Risks associated with investing in high yield securities (also known as “junk securities”), senior loans and other debt and equity securities;

 

   

Risks of investing in obligations of stressed, distressed and bankrupt issuers;

 

   

Risks associated with the Fund’s use of leverage;

 

   

Derivatives and structured finance securities risk; and

 

   

Market risk generally.

For a discussion of these and additional risks as well as other factors that could cause the Fund’s actual results to differ from forward-looking statements contained in this Prospectus and in the Statement of Additional Information, please see the discussion under “Principal Risks of the Fund.” You should not place undue reliance on these forward-looking statements. All forward-looking statements contained or incorporated by reference in this Prospectus are made as of the date of this Prospectus. Except for our ongoing obligations under the federal securities laws, we do not intend, and we undertake no obligation, to update any forward-looking statement.

The forward-looking statements contained in this Prospectus and the Statement of Additional Information are excluded from the safe harbor protection provided by section 27A of the Securities Act of 1933, as amended (the “1933 Act”).

About this Prospectus

This Prospectus is part of a registration statement that we have filed with the Commission using the “shelf” registration process. Under the shelf registration process, we may offer, from time to time, in one or more offerings or series, up to $350,000,000 of our common and/or preferred shares or subscription rights, on the terms to be determined at the time of the offering. The securities may be offered at prices and on terms described in one or more supplements to this prospectus. Securities may be offered at prices and on terms to be set forth in one or more supplements to this prospectus (this “Prospectus” and each supplement thereto, a “Prospectus Supplement”). This Prospectus provides you with a general description of the securities that we may offer. Each time we use this Prospectus to offer securities, we will provide a Prospectus Supplement that will contain specific information about the terms of that offering. The Prospectus Supplement may also add, update or change information contained in this Prospectus. Please carefully read this Prospectus and any Prospectus Supplement, together with any exhibits, and the additional information described under the headings “Principal Risks of the Fund” and “Where You Can Find Additional Information” before you make an investment decision.

 

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Prospectus Summary

The following summary highlights information contained elsewhere in this Prospectus. This summary may not contain all of the information that you should consider before investing in the Fund. You should review the more detailed information contained in this Prospectus and in the Statement of Additional Information, especially the information set forth under the heading “Principal Risks of the Fund.”

 

The Fund    Highland Global Allocation Fund (the “Fund”) is a diversified, closed-end management investment company. The investment objective of the Fund is to seek long-term growth of capital and future income (future income means the ability to pay dividends in the future). The Fund seeks to achieve its investment objectives by investing in a portfolio of U.S. and foreign equity, debt and money market securities. The Fund may also invest in senior loans to domestic or foreign corporations, partnerships and other entities that operate in a variety of industries and geographic regions.
   The Fund is the legal entity successor to Highland Global Allocation Fund, an open-end series of Highland Funds II, a Massachusetts business trust (the “Predecessor Fund”), a mutual fund with identical investment objectives, policies and restrictions, pursuant to the conversion of the Predecessor Fund into the Fund on February 13, 2019 (the “Conversion Date”).
Listing    The Fund’s outstanding common shares, par value $0.001 per share, are listed on the New York Stock Exchange (the “NYSE”) under the symbol HGLB. On [XXX], 2019, the last reported sale price of common shares was $[XX]. The net asset value of the Fund’s common shares at the close of business on such date was $[XX] per share. As of [XXX], 2019, the net assets of the Fund attributable to its common shares were $$[XX] billion. As of [XXX], 2019, the Fund had outstanding [XXXXXX] common shares.
Offerings   

We may offer, from time to time, in one or more offerings, our common and/or fixed rate preferred shares, $0.001 par value per share, our notes, or our subscription rights to purchase our common or fixed rate preferred shares or both, which we refer to collectively as the “securities.” The securities may be offered at prices and on terms to be set forth in one or more supplements to this Prospectus (each a “Prospectus Supplement”). The offering price per common share of the Fund will not be less than the net asset value per common share at the time we make the offering, exclusive of any underwriting commissions or discounts; however, rights offerings that meet certain conditions may be offered at a price below the then current net asset value per common share of the Fund. You should read this Prospectus and the applicable Prospectus Supplement carefully before you invest in our securities. Our securities may be offered directly to one or more purchasers, through agents designated from time to time by us, or through underwriters or dealers. The Prospectus Supplement relating to the offering will identify any agents, underwriters or dealers involved in the sale of our shares, and will set forth any applicable purchase price, fee, commission or discount arrangement between us and our agents or underwriters, or among our underwriters, or the basis upon which such amount may be calculated.

 

The Prospectus Supplement relating to any sale of fixed rate preferred shares will set forth the liquidation preference and information about the dividend period, dividend rate, any call protection or non-call period and other matters. The Prospectus Supplement relating to any offering of subscription rights will set forth the number of common and/or fixed rate preferred shares issuable upon the exercise of each right and the other terms of such rights offering. While the aggregate number and amount of securities we may issue pursuant to this registration statement is limited to $350,000,000 of securities, our Board of Trustees (the “Board” and each member of the Board individually a “Trustee”) may, without any action by the shareholders, amend our Agreement and Declaration of Trust from time to time to increase or decrease the aggregate number of shares or the number of shares of any class or series that we have authority to issue. We may not sell any of our securities through agents, underwriters or dealers without delivery of a Prospectus Supplement describing the method and terms of the particular offering.

 

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Offerings of the securities will be subject to the provisions of the Investment Company Act of 1940, as amended (the “1940 Act”), which generally require that the price at which a closed-end investment company sells its common shares (exclusive of distribution commissions and discounts) must equal or exceed the net asset value per share of a company’s common shares (calculated within 48 hours of pricing), except (i) in connection with a rights offering to our existing shareholders, (ii) with the consent of the majority of our common shareholders, or (iii) under such circumstances as the Commission may permit. Any offering of securities by a closed-end investment company that requires shareholder approval must occur, if at all, within one year after receiving such shareholder approval. You should read this Prospectus and the related Prospectus Supplement carefully before you decide to invest in any of the securities.

 

The Fund may offer the securities directly to one or more purchasers, through agents that the Fund or the purchasers designate from time to time, or to or through underwriters or dealers (including agents, underwriters or dealers affiliated with the Fund’s investment adviser). The Prospectus Supplement relating to the offering will identify any agents or underwriters involved in the sale of the securities, and will set forth any applicable purchase price, fee, commission or discount arrangement between the Fund and such agents or underwriters or among underwriters or the basis upon which such amount may be calculated. See “Plan of Distribution.” The securities may not be sold through agents, underwriters or dealers without delivery of a Prospectus Supplement describing the method and terms of the Offering. The Fund (and thus, indirectly, the Fund’s common shareholders) will bear all of the expenses of any such offering.

Preferred Shares    The terms of the preferred shares may be fixed by the Board and may materially limit and/or qualify the rights of holders of the Fund’s common shares. If the Board determines that it may be advantageous to the holders of the Fund’s common shares for the Fund to utilize additional leverage, the Fund may issue additional series of fixed rate preferred shares. Any fixed rate preferred shares issued by the Fund will pay distributions at a fixed rate. Leverage creates a greater risk of loss as well as a potential for more gains for the common shares than if leverage were not used. The Fund may also determine in the future to issue other forms of senior securities, such as securities representing debt, subject to the limitations of the 1940 Act. The Fund may also engage in investment management techniques which will not be considered senior securities if the Fund establishes a segregated account with cash or other liquid assets or sets aside assets on the accounting records equal to the Fund’s obligations in respect of such techniques. The Fund may also borrow money, to the extent permitted by the 1940 Act.

Investment Adviser and

Administrator

  

Highland Capital Management Fund Advisors, L.P. (“HCMFA” or the “Adviser”) serves as investment adviser to the Fund. The address of the Adviser is 300 Crescent Court, Suite 700, Dallas, Texas 75201. Organized in February 2009, HCMFA is registered as an investment adviser under the Investment Advisers Act of 1940, as amended. As of February 28, 2019, the Adviser had approximately $3.8 billion in assets under management.

 

HCMFA is owned by Highland Capital Management Services, Inc., a Delaware corporation (“HCM Services”) and its general partner, Strand Advisors XVI, Inc., of which James Dondero is the sole stockholder. HCM Services is controlled by Mr. Dondero and Mr. Mark Okada by virtue of their respective share ownership.

 

SEI Investments Global Funds Services (“SEI”), One Freedom Valley Drive, Oaks, Pennsylvania 19456, serves as the Administrator to the Fund pursuant to an Administration Agreement dated February 14, 2019. Under the Administration Agreement, SEI has agreed to provide fund accounting services; asset data services; fund administration and reporting services; and regulatory administration services, including preparation and filing of various reports with the appropriate regulatory agencies and the SEC for the Fund.

 

Potential Conflicts of Interest. As a result of the Fund’s arrangements with Highland Capital Management, L.P. (“Highland”), there may be times when Highland, the Adviser or their affiliates have interests that differ from those of the Fund’s shareholders, giving rise to a

 

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conflict of interest. Highland and the Adviser are under common ownership, and the Fund’s officers serve or may serve as officers, directors or principals of entities that operate in the same or a related line of business as the Fund does, or of investment funds managed by the Adviser or its affiliates. Similarly, the Adviser or its affiliates may have other clients with similar, different or competing investment objectives. In serving in these multiple capacities, they may have obligations to other clients or investors in those entities, the fulfillment of which may not be in the best interests of the Fund or its shareholders. For example, the Fund’s officers have, and will continue to have, management responsibilities for other investment funds, accounts or other investment vehicles managed or sponsored by the Adviser and its affiliates.

 

The Fund’s investment objective may overlap, in part or in whole, with the investment objective of such affiliated investment funds, accounts or other investment vehicles. As a result, those individuals may face conflicts in the allocation of investment opportunities among the Fund and other investment funds or accounts advised by or affiliated with the Adviser. The Adviser will seek to allocate investment opportunities among eligible accounts in a manner that is fair and equitable over time and consistent with its allocation policy. However, the Fund can offer no assurance that such opportunities will be allocated to it fairly or equitably in the short-term or over time.

Custodian    The custodian of the assets of the Fund is BNY Mellon (240 Greenwich Street, New York, New York 10286). The custodian performs custodial services for the Fund.
Transfer Agent    American Stock Transfer & Trust Company (6201 15th Avenue, Brooklyn, New York 11219; telephone (718) 921-8200)) serves as the Fund’s transfer agent with respect to its securities.
Closed-End Structure    Closed-end funds differ from open-end management investment companies (commonly referred to as mutual funds) in that closed-end funds generally list their shares for trading on a securities exchange and do not redeem their shares at the option of the shareholder. By comparison, mutual funds issue securities redeemable at NAV at the option of the shareholder and typically engage in a continuous offering of their shares. Mutual funds are subject to continuous asset in-flows and out-flows that can complicate portfolio management, whereas closed-end funds generally can stay more fully invested in securities consistent with the closed-end fund’s investment objective(s) and policies. In addition, in comparison to open-end funds, closed-end funds have greater flexibility in the employment of financial leverage and in the ability to make certain types of investments, including investments in illiquid securities.
   However, shares of closed-end funds frequently trade at a discount from their net asset value. In recognition of the possibility that the Common Shares might trade at a discount to net asset value and that any such discount may not be in the interest of Common Shareholders, the Fund’s Board, in consultation with the Adviser, from time to time may review possible actions to reduce any such discount. The Board might consider open market repurchases or tender offers for Common Shares at net asset value. There can be no assurance that the Board will decide to undertake any of these actions or that, if undertaken, such actions would result in the Common Shares trading at a price equal to or close to net asset value per Common Share.
Use of Proceeds    Unless otherwise specified in a Prospectus Supplement, the Fund will use the net proceeds of the sale of securities to invest in accordance with the Fund’s investment objectives and policies as stated below, or use such proceeds for other general corporate purposes. See “Use of Proceeds.” The Fund may also use the net proceeds from the Offering to call, redeem or repurchase preferred shares.
Investment Objectives    The investment objective of the Fund is to seek long-term growth of capital and future income (future income means the ability to pay dividends in the future).

 

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Investment Strategies    The Fund seeks to achieve its investment objectives by investing in a portfolio of U.S. and foreign equity, debt and money market securities. Under normal market conditions, the Fund intends to invest at least 50% of its net assets in equity securities and at least 40% (plus any borrowings for investment purposes) of its net assets in securities of non-U.S. issuers. The Fund intends to invest approximately 40% or more of its net assets in securities of non-U.S. issuers at all times, however, in the event of unfavorable market conditions the Fund may invest less than 40% (but not less than 30%) of its assets in securities of non-U.S. issuers. For purposes of determining whether securities held by the Fund are securities of a non-U.S. issuer, a company is considered to be a non-U.S. issuer if the company’s securities principally trade on a market outside of the United States, the company derives a majority of its revenues or profits outside of the United States, the company is not organized in the United States, or the company is significantly exposed to the economic fortunes and risks of regions outside the United States.
   Equity securities in which the Fund may invest include common stock, preferred stock, securities convertible into common stock, rights and warrants or securities or other instruments whose price is linked to the value of common stock. The equity securities in which the Fund invests may be of any capitalization, may be denominated in any currency and may be located in emerging markets.
   The Fund may also invest in debt securities of any kind, including debt securities of varying maturities, debt securities paying a fixed or fluctuating rate of interest, inflation-indexed bonds, structured notes, loan assignments, loan participations, asset-backed securities, debt securities convertible into equity securities, and securities issued or guaranteed by the U.S. Government or its agencies or instrumentalities, by foreign governments or international agencies or supranational entities or by domestic or foreign private issuers.
   The Fund may also invest in senior loans to domestic or foreign corporations, partnerships and other entities that operate in a variety of industries and geographic regions (“Borrowers”) (“Senior Loans”). Senior Loans are business loans that have a right to payment senior to most other debts of the Borrower. Senior Loans generally are arranged through private negotiations between a Borrower and several financial institutions (the “Lenders”) represented in each case by one or more such Lenders acting as agent (the “Agent”) of the several Lenders. On behalf of the Lenders, the Agent is primarily responsible for negotiating the loan agreement (“Loan Agreement”) that establishes the relative terms and conditions of the Senior Loan and rights of the Borrower and the Lenders.
   With respect to the Fund’s investments, the Fund invests primarily in companies that the portfolio manager believes have solid growth prospects and/or attractive valuations. The portfolio manager’s growth management style focuses on companies that are expected to grow faster than their relevant peers/markets and whose security prices do not fully reflect their potential for growth. The portfolio manager’s value management style employs a relative value approach to identify companies across all economic sectors and geographic regions that are undervalued relative to the market, their peers, their historical valuation or their growth rate. This combination of investment styles is intended to result in an approach that is invested across economic sectors and countries. In addition, the Fund’s portfolio manager may employ event-driven investment strategies that analyze transactions in order to predict a likely outcome and invest the Fund’s assets in a way that seeks to benefit from that outcome.
   When choosing investment markets, Fund management considers various factors, including economic and political conditions, potential for economic growth and possible changes in currency exchange rates. In addition to investing in securities of non-U.S. issuers, the Fund actively manages its exposure to foreign currencies through the use of forward currency contracts and other currency derivatives. The Fund may own foreign cash equivalents or foreign bank deposits as part of the Fund’s investment strategy. The Fund may also invest in non-U.S. currencies for hedging and speculative purposes. The Fund may underweight or overweight a currency based on the Fund management team’s outlook.
   The Fund may invest in debt securities of any credit quality, including below investment grade securities (also known as “high yield securities” or “junk securities”). Such securities are rated below investment grade by a nationally recognized statistical rating organization (“NRSRO”) or are unrated but deemed by the Adviser to be of comparable quality. The Fund may invest without limitation in below investment grade or unrated securities, including in insolvent borrowers or borrowers in default.

 

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   In addition, the Fund may invest in pooled investment vehicles, including exchange-traded funds (“ETFs”). The Fund’s portfolio may include pooled investment vehicles that provide exposure to foreign equity securities and that invest in both developed and emerging markets, including ETFs that seek to track the performance of securities of a single country. The Fund may invest up to 5% of its net assets in warrants and may also use derivatives, primarily swaps (including equity, variance and volatility swaps), options and futures contracts on securities, interest rates, commodities and/or currencies, as substitutes for direct investments the Fund can make. The Fund may also use derivatives such as swaps, options (including options on futures), futures, and foreign currency transactions (e.g., foreign currency swaps, futures and forwards) to any extent deemed by the Adviser to be in the best interest of the Fund, and to the extent permitted by the 1940 Act, to hedge various investments for risk management and speculative purposes.
   The Fund seeks to provide exposure to the investment returns of real assets that trade in the commodity markets, including through investment in certain commodity-linked instruments and pooled investment vehicles, such as master limited partnership (“MLP”) investments that are principally engaged in one or more aspects of the exploration, production, processing, transmission, marketing, storage or delivery of energy-related commodities, such as natural gas, natural gas liquids, coal, crude oil or refined petroleum products, in addition to exchange-traded notes (“ETNs”) and ETFs that generate returns tied to a particular commodity or commodity market index.
   Except as otherwise expressly noted in the Statement of Additional Information (“SAI”), all percentage limitations and ratings criteria apply at the time of purchase of securities, except that the limit on borrowing described herein is applied on a continual basis.
   The Fund may borrow an amount up to 33 1/3% of its total assets (including the amount borrowed). The Fund may borrow for investment purposes and for temporary, extraordinary or emergency purposes. To the extent the Fund borrows more money than it has cash or short-term cash equivalents and invests the proceeds, the Fund will create financial leverage. The use of borrowing for investment purposes increases both investment opportunity and investment risk.
   The Fund’s portfolio manager may sell a security for a variety of reasons, such as to invest in a company offering superior investment opportunities.
   The portfolio manager may sell short securities of a company that it believes: (i) is overvalued relative to normalized business and industry fundamentals or to the expected growth that the portfolio manager believes the company will achieve; (ii) has a weak competitive position relative to peers; (iii) engages in questionable accounting practices; (iv) shows declining cash flow and/or liquidity; (v) has distribution estimates that the portfolio manager believes are too high; (vi) has weak competitive barriers to entry; (vii) suffers from deteriorating industry and/or business fundamentals; (viii) has a weak management team; (ix) will see multiple contraction; (x) is not adapting to changes in technological, regulatory or competitive environments; or (xi) provides a hedge against the Fund’s long exposure, such as a broad based market ETF. Technical analysis may be used to help in the decision making process. The Fund may engage in short sales that are not made “against-the-box,” which means that the Fund may sell short securities even when they are not actually owned or offset at all times during the period the short position is open and could result in unlimited loss.
Use of Leverage    As provided in the 1940 Act and subject to certain exceptions, the Fund may issue debt or preferred shares with the condition that immediately after issuance the value of its total assets, less ordinary course liabilities, exceeds 300% of the amount of the debt outstanding and exceeds 200% of the sum of the amount of debt and preferred shares outstanding.

 

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   Thus, the Fund may use leverage in the form of borrowings in an amount up to 33 1/3% of the Fund’s total assets (including the proceeds of such leverage) and may use leverage in the form of preferred shares in an amount up to 50% of the Fund’s total assets (including the proceeds of such leverage). The total leverage of the Fund is generally expected to range between 27% and 33% of the Fund’s total assets. The Fund seeks a leverage ratio, based on a variety of factors including market conditions and the Adviser’s market outlook, where the rate of return, net of applicable Fund expenses, on the Fund’s portfolio investments purchased with leverage exceeds the costs associated with such leverage.
   The Fund, as of September 30, 2018, was leveraged through borrowings under a lending agreement with BNP Paribas Prime, acting through its New York Branch (“BNP”). As of September 30, 2018, the Fund had drawn $138,725,439 under the agreement, or approximately 24.90% of the Fund’s total assets.
   Following the completion of an Offering, the Fund may increase the amount of leverage outstanding. The Fund may engage in additional borrowings, issue notes, or issue preferred shares in order to maintain the Fund’s desired leverage ratio. While the Fund has no present intention to issue preferred shares within the next twelve months, if an attractive preferred shares financing opportunity were to come to the Fund’s attention during that period, the Fund may consider that opportunity. Leverage creates a greater risk of loss, as well as a potential for more gain, for the common shares than if leverage were not used. Interest on borrowings (or dividends on preferred shares) may be at a fixed or floating rate and generally will be based on short term rates. The costs associated with the Fund’s use of leverage, including the issuance of such leverage and the payment of dividends or interest on such leverage, will be borne entirely by the holders of common shares. As long as the rate of return, net of applicable Fund expenses, on the Fund’s portfolio investments purchased with leverage exceeds the costs associated with such leverage, the Fund will generate more return or income than will be needed to pay such costs. In this event, the excess will be available to pay higher dividends to holders of common shares. Conversely, if the Fund’s return on such assets is less than the cost of leverage and other Fund expenses, the return to the holders of the common shares will diminish. To the extent that the Fund uses leverage, the net asset value and market price of the common shares and the yield to holders of common shares will be more volatile. The Fund’s leveraging strategy may not be successful. See “Principal Risks of the Fund— Leverage Risk.”
Preferred Share Distributions   

As required by the 1940 Act, all preferred shares of the Fund must have the same seniority with respect to distributions. Accordingly, no complete distribution due for a particular dividend period will be declared or paid on any series of preferred shares of the Fund for any dividend period, or part thereof, unless full cumulative dividends and distributions due through the most recent dividend payment dates for all series of outstanding preferred shares of the Fund are declared and paid. If full cumulative distributions due have not been declared and made on all outstanding preferred shares of the Fund, any distributions on such preferred shares will be made as nearly pro rata as possible in proportion to the respective amounts of distributions accumulated but unmade on each such series of preferred shares on the relevant dividend payment date.

 

The Fund’s annualized distributions may in the future contain a return of capital and should not be considered as the dividend yield or total return of an investment in its common or preferred shares. Shareholders who receive the payment of a distribution consisting of a return of capital may be under the impression that they are receiving net profits when they are not. Shareholders should not assume that the source of a distribution from the Fund is net profit. The composition of each distribution is estimated based on the earnings of the Fund as of the record date for each distribution. The actual composition of each of the current year’s distributions will be based on the Fund’s investment activity through the end of the calendar year.

 

Distributions on fixed rate preferred shares, at the applicable annual rate of the per share liquidation preference, are cumulative from the original issue date and are payable, when, as and if declared by the Board, out of funds legally available therefor.

 

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Common Share Distributions   

The Board has approved a level distribution policy (the “Level Distribution Policy”) for the Fund’s common shares, under which the Fund intends to make monthly distributions to shareholders at a constant and fixed (but not guaranteed) rate that will reset annually to a rate equal to 8.5% of the average of the Fund’s NAV per share (the “Distribution Amount”), as reported for the final five trading days of the month preceding the announcement of distributions. The Distribution Amount applicable to the following calendar year will be reset based upon the new results of the distribution rate calculation.

 

There can be no guarantee that the Level Distribution Policy will be successful in its goals. The Fund’s ability to maintain a stable level of distributions to shareholders will depend on a number of factors, including changes in the financial market, market interest rates, and performance of overall equity and fixed income markets. As portfolio and market conditions change, the ability of the Fund to continue to make distributions in accordance with the Level Distribution Policy may be affected.

 

To the extent that sufficient investment income is not available on a monthly basis, the Fund’s distributions may consist of return of capital in order to maintain the distribution amount. Any such returns of capital will decrease the Fund’s total assets and, therefore, could have the effect of increasing the Fund’s expense ratio. With each distribution that does not consist solely of net investment income, the Fund will issue a notice to shareholders that will provide detailed information regarding the amount and composition of the distribution and other related information.

 

Shareholders will automatically receive common shares purchased in the open market at prevailing prices for all dividends declared for common shares of the Fund in accordance with the Fund’s Dividend Reinvestment Plan unless an election is made to receive cash. Participants requesting a sale of securities through the plan agent of the Fund’s Dividend Reinvestment Plan are subject to a sales fee and a brokerage commission. See “Dividend Reinvestment Plan.”

Principal Risks of the Fund    The following is a summary of the principal risks associated with an investment in the Fund’s securities. Investors should also refer to “Principal Risks of the Fund” in this prospectus for a more detailed explanation of the risks associated with investing in the Fund’s securities. Given the risks described below, an investment in the securities of the Fund may not be appropriate for all investors.
   When you sell Fund shares, they may be worth less than what you paid for them. Consequently, you can lose money by investing in the Fund. No assurance can be given that the Fund will achieve its investment objective, and investment results may vary substantially over time and from period to period.
   An investment in the Fund is not a deposit of any bank and is not insured or guaranteed by the Federal Deposit Insurance Corporation (FDIC) or any other government agency.
   Focused Investment Risk is the risk that although the Fund is a diversified fund, it may invest in securities of a limited number of issuers in an effort to achieve a potentially greater investment return than a fund that invests in a larger number of issuers. As a result, price movements of a single issuer’s securities will have a greater impact on the Fund’s net asset value, causing it to fluctuate more than that of a more widely diversified fund.
   Illiquid and Restricted Securities Risk is the risk that the Adviser may not be able to sell illiquid or restricted securities, such as securities issued pursuant to Rule 144A of the Securities Act of 1933, at the price it would like or may have to sell them at a loss. Securities of non-U.S. issuers, and emerging or developing markets securities in particular, are subject to greater liquidity risk.

 

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   Allocation Risk is the risk that the Adviser may not allocate assets of the Fund among strategies or asset classes in an optimal manner, if, among other reasons, it does not correctly assess the attractiveness of a strategy or asset class.
   Asset-Backed Securities Risk is the risk of investing in asset-backed securities, and includes interest rate risk, prepayment risk and the risk that the Fund could lose money if there are defaults on the loans underlying these securities.
   Commodity Exposure Risk is the risk that exposure to the commodities markets may subject the Fund to greater volatility than investments in traditional securities. Commodities prices can be extremely volatile and exposure to commodities can cause the price of the Fund’s shares to decline and fluctuate more than the price of shares of a fund with a broader range of investments. Certain of the Fund’s commodities-linked investments may be limited by tax considerations, including the Fund’s intention to qualify annually as a regulated investment company (“RIC”) under the Internal Revenue Code of 1986, as amended (the “Code”). See “Taxation” below.
   Counterparty Risk is the risk that a counterparty (the other party to a transaction or an agreement or the party with whom the Fund executes transactions) to a transaction with the Fund may be unable or unwilling to make timely principal, interest or settlement payments, or otherwise honor its obligations.
   Credit Risk is the risk that the issuers of certain securities or the counterparties of a derivatives contract or repurchase contract might be unable or unwilling (or perceived as being unable or unwilling) to make interest and/or principal payments when due, or to otherwise honor its obligations. Debt securities are subject to the risk of non-payment of scheduled interest and/or principal. Non-payment would result in a reduction of income to the Fund, a reduction in the value of the obligation experiencing non-payment and a potential decrease in the net asset value (“NAV”) of the Fund.
  

Currency Risk is the risk that fluctuations in exchange rates will adversely affect the value of the Fund’s foreign currency holdings and investments denominated in foreign currencies.

   Debt Securities Risk is the risk associated with the fact that the value of debt securities typically changes in response to various factors, including, by way of example, market-related factors (such as changes in interest rates or changes in the risk appetite of investors generally) and changes in the actual or perceived ability of the issuer (or of issuers generally) to meet its (or their) obligations. During periods of rising interest rates, debt securities generally decline in value. Conversely, during periods of falling interest rates, debt securities generally rise in value. This kind of market risk is generally greater for funds investing in debt securities with longer maturities.
   In addition, because loans are not ordinarily registered with the U.S. Securities and Exchange Commission (the “SEC”) or any state securities commission or listed on any securities exchange, there is usually less publicly available information about such instruments. In addition, loans may not be considered “securities” for purposes of the anti-fraud provisions under the federal securities laws and, as a result, as a purchaser of these instruments, the Fund may not be entitled to the anti-fraud protections of the federal securities laws. In the course of investing in such instruments, the Fund may come into possession of material nonpublic information and, because of prohibitions on trading in securities of issuers while in possession of such information, the Fund may be unable to enter into a transaction in a publicly-traded security of that issuer when it would otherwise be advantageous for the Fund to do so. Alternatively, the Fund may choose not to receive material nonpublic information about an issuer of such loans, with the result that the Fund may have less information about such issuers than other investors who transact in such assets.

 

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  Derivatives Risk is a combination of several risks, including the risks that: (1) an investment in a derivative instrument may not correlate well with the performance of the securities or asset class to which the Fund seeks exposure, (2) derivative contracts, including options, may expire worthless and the use of derivatives may result in losses to the Fund, (3) a derivative instrument entailing leverage may result in a loss greater than the principal amount invested, (4) derivatives not traded on an exchange may be subject to credit risk, for example, if the counterparty does not meet its obligations (see also “Counterparty Risk”), and (5) derivatives not traded on an exchange may be subject to liquidity risk and the related risk that the instrument is difficult or impossible to value accurately. As a general matter, when the Fund establishes certain derivative instrument positions, such as certain futures, options and forward contract positions, it will segregate liquid assets (such as cash, U.S. Treasury bonds or commercial paper) equivalent to the Fund’s outstanding obligations under the contract or in connection with the position. In addition, changes in laws or regulations may make the use of derivatives more costly, may limit the availability of derivatives, or may otherwise adversely affect the use, value or performance of derivatives. The Fund’s ability to pursue its investment strategy, including its strategy of investing in certain derivative instruments, may be limited to or adversely affected by the Fund’s intention to qualify as a RIC, and its strategy may bear adversely on its ability to so qualify.
  Distressed and Defaulted Securities Risk is the risk that the Fund’s investments in the securities of financially distressed and bankrupt issuers, including debt obligations that are in covenant or payment default may trade significantly below par and are considered speculative.
  Energy Sector Risk is the risk that the Fund may be impacted by risks specific to the energy industry, including fluctuations in commodity prices, reduced volumes of natural gas or other energy commodities, sustained reduced demand for crude oil, natural gas and refined petroleum products, changes in the regulatory environment, and extreme weather and environmental hazards, all of which impact of the value of the Fund’s investment in an issuer.
  Emerging Markets Risk is the risk of investing in securities of issuers tied economically to emerging markets, which entails all of the risks of investing in securities of non-U.S. issuers detailed below under “Non-U.S. Securities Risk” to a heightened degree. These heightened risks include: (i) greater risks of expropriation, confiscatory taxation, nationalization, and less social, political and economic stability; (ii) the smaller size of the markets for such securities and a lower volume of trading, resulting in lack of liquidity and in price volatility; (iii) greater fluctuations in currency exchange rates; and (iv) certain national policies that may restrict the Fund’s investment opportunities, including restrictions on investing in issuers or industries deemed sensitive to relevant national interests.
  Equity Securities Risk is the risk that stock prices will fall over short or long periods of time. In addition, common stocks represent a share of ownership in a company, and rank after bonds and preferred stock in their claim on the company’s assets in the event of bankruptcy.
  Event-Driven Investing Risk is the risk that strategies that analyze predict an outcome and commit capital in a way that benefits from that outcome may result in a loss on the investment if the expected event does not occur. There can be no assurance that any expected transaction will take place.

 

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   Exchange-Traded Funds (“ETF”) Risk is the risk that the price movement of an ETF may not exactly track the underlying index and may result in a loss. In addition, shareholders bear both their proportionate share of the Fund’s expenses and similar expenses of the underlying investment company when the Fund invests in shares of another investment company.
   Fixed Income Market Risk is the risk that fixed income markets may, in response to governmental intervention, economic or market developments (including potentially a reduction in the number of broker-dealers willing to engage in market-making activity), or other factors, experience periods of increased volatility and reduced liquidity. Fixed income securities may be difficult to value during such periods.
   Foreign Financial Institutions Risk is the risk associated with obligations of foreign banks, such as the possibility that their liquidity could be impaired, that their obligations may be less marketable than comparable obligations of United States banks, that foreign deposits may be seized or nationalized, and that foreign governmental restrictions may be adopted which might adversely affect the payment of principal and interest on those obligations. These risks are in addition to other risks of foreign investments as described under “Non-U.S. Securities Risk” below. Foreign banks are not generally subject to examination by any United States Government agency or instrumentality.
   Growth Investing Risk is the risk of investing in growth stocks that may be more volatile than other stocks because they are more sensitive to investor perceptions of the issuing company’s growth potential. Growth-oriented funds will typically underperform when value investing is in favor.
   Hedging Risk is the risk that, although intended to limit or reduce investment risk, hedging strategies may also limit or reduce the potential for profit. There is no assurance that hedging strategies will be successful.
   High Yield Debt Securities Risk is the risk that below investment grade securities or unrated securities of similar credit quality (commonly known as “high yield securities” or “junk securities”) are more likely to default than higher rated securities. The Fund’s ability to invest in high-yield debt securities generally subjects the Fund to greater risk than securities with higher ratings. Such securities are regarded by the rating organizations as predominantly speculative with respect to capacity to pay interest and repay principal in accordance with the terms of the obligation. The market value of these securities is generally more sensitive to corporate developments and economic conditions and can be volatile. Market conditions can diminish liquidity and make accurate valuations difficult to obtain.
   Industry Focus Risk is the risk that the Fund may be particularly susceptible to economic, political or regulatory events affecting those industries in which the Fund focuses its investments. Because the Fund currently focuses its investments in the energy, telecommunications, and utilities sectors and, in certain instances, in a limited number of issuers within each of those sectors, the Fund’s performance largely depends on the overall condition of these industries and the Fund is susceptible to economic, political and regulatory risks or other occurrences associated with these industries.

 

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  Interest Rate Risk is the risk that fixed income securities will decline in value because of changes in interest rates. When interest rates decline, the value of fixed rate securities already held by the Fund can be expected to rise. Conversely, when interest rates rise, the value of existing fixed rate portfolio securities can be expected to decline. A fund with a longer average portfolio duration will be more sensitive to changes in interest rates than a fund with a shorter average portfolio duration.
  Latin American Market Risk is the risk related to the Fund’s investment of a portion of its assets in securities of issuers tied to Latin American countries. As a result, the Fund’s portfolio may be more sensitive to, and possibly more adversely affected by, regulatory, economic or political factors or trends relating to Latin America. If Latin American securities fall out of favor, it may cause the Fund to underperform funds that do not invest in Latin America to the same extent that the Fund does.
  Leverage Risk is the risk associated with the use of leverage for investment purposes to create opportunities for greater total returns. Any investment income or gains earned with respect to the amounts borrowed that are in excess of the interest that is due on the borrowing will augment the Fund’s income. Conversely, if the investment performance with respect to the amounts borrowed fails to cover the interest on such borrowings, the value of the Fund’s shares may decrease more quickly than would otherwise be the case. Interest payments and fees incurred in connection with such borrowings will reduce the amount of net income available for payment to Fund shareholders.
  The costs associated with the Fund’s use of leverage (including the issuance of such leverage and the payment of dividends or interest on such leverage, as well as the issuance of preferred shares) are borne by the holders of common shares and may consequently result in a reduction of the net asset value of common shares. In addition, holders of common shares bear the portion of the investment advisory fee attributable to the assets purchased with the proceeds, which means that common shareholders effectively bear the entire advisory fee. The issuance of preferred shares involves offering expenses and other costs and may limit the Fund’s freedom to pay distributions on common shares or to engage in other activities. Such preferred shares may have priority over common shares with respect to dividends, which must be paid to preferred shareholders before any dividends can be paid to common shareholders. The issuance of a class of preferred shares having priority over the common shares creates an opportunity for greater return per common share, but at the same time such leveraging is a speculative technique that will increase the Fund’s exposure to capital risk. In addition, the issuance of preferred shares would dilute the level of ownership of holders of common shares and may decrease the returns per share of such common shareholders.
  Limited Information Risk is the risk associated with the fact that the types of Senior Loans in which the Fund will invest historically may not have been rated by a NRSRO, have not been registered with the SEC or any state securities commission, and have not been listed on any national securities exchange. Although the Fund will generally have access to financial and other information made available to the lenders in connection with Senior Loans, the amount of public information available with respect to Senior Loans will generally be less extensive than that available for rated, registered or exchange-listed securities. As a result, the performance of the Fund and its ability to meet its investment objective is more dependent on the analytical ability of the Adviser than would be the case for an investment company that invests primarily in rated, registered or exchange-listed securities.
  Liquidity Risk is the risk that low trading volume, lack of a market maker, large position size, or legal restrictions (including daily price fluctuation limits or “circuit breakers”) limits or prevents the Fund from selling particular securities or unwinding derivative positions at desirable prices. At times, a major portion of any portfolio security may be held by relatively few institutional purchasers. Even if the Fund considers such securities liquid because of the availability of an institutional market, such securities may become difficult to value or sell in adverse market or economic conditions. Because loan transactions often take longer to settle than transactions in other securities, the Fund may not receive the proceeds from the sale of a loan for a significant period of time.

 

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  Market Price of Shares Risk: The Shares of closed-end management investment companies often trade a discount from their net asset value, and the Fund’s common shares may likewise trade at a discount from net asset value. The trading price of the Fund’s common shares may be less than the net asset value This risk may be greater for investors who sell their common shares in a relatively short period after completion of the conversion.
  Mid-Cap Company Risk is the risk that investing in securities of mid-cap companies may entail greater risks than investments in larger, more established companies. Mid-cap companies tend to have more narrow product lines, more limited financial resources and a more limited trading market for their stocks, as compared with larger companies. As a result, their stock prices may decline significantly as market conditions change.
  MLP Risk is the risk of investing in MLP units, which involves some risks that differ from an investment in the equity securities of a company. The Fund currently holds and may in the future hold a significant investment in MLP units. Holders of MLP units have limited control and voting rights on matters affecting the partnership. Holders of units issued by an MLP are exposed to a remote possibility of liability for all of the obligations of that MLP in the event that a court determines that the rights of the holders of MLP units to vote to remove or replace the general partner of that MLP, to approve amendments to that MLP’s partnership agreement, or to take other action under the partnership agreement of that MLP would constitute “control” of the business of that MLP, or a court or governmental agency determines that the MLP is conducting business in a state without complying with the partnership statute of that state. Holders of MLP units are also exposed to the risk that they will be required to repay amounts to the MLP that are wrongfully distributed to them. Additionally:
 

•  A sustained reduced demand for crude oil, natural gas and refined petroleum products could adversely affect MLP revenues and cash flows.

 

•  Changes in the regulatory environment could adversely affect the profitability of MLPs.

  Investments in MLP units also present special tax risks. See “MLP Tax Risk” below.
  MLP Tax Risk is the risk that the MLPs in which the Fund invests will fail to be treated as partnerships for U.S. federal income tax purposes. If an MLP does not meet current legal requirements to maintain its partnership status, or if it is unable to do so because of tax or other law changes, it would be treated as a corporation for U.S. federal income tax purposes. In that case, the MLP would be obligated to pay U.S. federal income tax (as well as state and local taxes) at the entity level on its taxable income and distributions received by the Fund would be taxable to the Fund as dividend income to the extent of the MLP’s current and accumulated earnings and profits for federal tax purposes. The classification of an MLP as a corporation for U.S. federal income tax purposes could have the effect of reducing the amount of cash available for distribution by the MLP and the value of the Fund’s investment in any such MLP. As a result, the value of the Fund’s shares and the cash available for distribution to Fund shareholders could be materially reduced.
  Non-U.S. Securities Risk is the risk associated with investing in non-U.S. issuers. Investments in securities of non-U.S. issuers involve certain risks not involved in domestic investments (for example, fluctuations in foreign exchange rates (for non-U.S. securities not denominated in U.S. dollars); future foreign economic, financial, political and social developments; nationalization; exploration or confiscatory taxation; smaller markets; different trading and settlement practices; less governmental supervision; and different accounting, auditing and financial recordkeeping standards and requirements) that may result in the Fund experiencing more rapid and extreme changes in value than a fund that invests exclusively in securities of U.S. companies. These risks are magnified for investments in issuers tied economically to emerging markets, the economies of which tend to be more volatile than the economies of developed markets. In addition, certain investments in non-U.S. securities may be subject to foreign withholding and other taxes on interest, dividends, capital gains or other income or proceeds. Those taxes will reduce the Fund’s yield on any such securities. See the “Taxation” section below.

 

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  Operational and Technology Risk is the risk that cyber-attacks, disruptions, or failures that affect the Fund’s service providers, counterparties, market participants, or issuers of securities held by the Fund may adversely affect the Fund and its shareholders, including by causing losses for the Fund or impairing Fund operations.
  Options Risk is the risk associated with investments in options. Options, such as covered calls and covered puts, are subject to the risk that significant differences between the securities and options markets could result in an imperfect correlation between these markets.
  Other Investment Companies Risk: To the extent a Fund invests a portion of its assets in investment companies, including open-end funds, closed-end funds, ETFs and other types of investment companies, those assets will be subject to the risks of the purchased investment companies’ portfolio securities, and a shareholder in the Fund will bear not only his or her proportionate share of the Fund’s expenses, but also indirectly the expenses of the purchased investment companies. Risks associated with investments in closed-end funds also generally include market risk, leverage risk, risk of market price discount from NAV, risk of anti-takeover provisions and non-diversification.
  Portfolio Turnover Risk is the risk that high portfolio turnover will increase the Fund’s transaction costs and may result in increased realization of net short-term capital gains (which are taxable to shareholders as ordinary income when distributed to them), higher taxable distributions and lower after-tax performance.
 

Preferred Share Risk. Preferred share risk is the risk associated with the issuance of preferred shares to leverage the common shares. When preferred shares are issued, the net asset value and market value of the common shares become more volatile, and the yield to the holders of common shares will tend to fluctuate with changes in the shorter-term dividend rates on the preferred shares. The Fund will pay (and the holders of common shares will bear) all costs and expenses relating to the issuance and ongoing maintenance of the preferred shares, including higher advisory fees. Accordingly, the issuance of preferred shares may not result in a higher yield or return to the holders of the common shares. If the dividend rate and other costs of the preferred shares approach the net rate of return on the Fund’s investment portfolio, the benefit of leverage to the holders of the common shares would be reduced. If the dividend rate and other costs of the preferred shares exceed the net rate of return on the Fund’s investment portfolio, the leverage will result in a lower rate of return to the holders of common shares than if the Fund had not issued preferred shares.

 

If preferred shares are issued, holders of preferred shares may have differing interests than holders of common shares and holders of preferred shares may at times have disproportionate influence over the Fund’s affairs. If preferred shares are issued, holders of preferred shares, voting separately as a single class, would have the right to elect two members of the Board at all times. The remaining members of the Board would be elected by holders of common shares and preferred shares, voting as a single class. The 1940 Act requires that, in addition to any approval by shareholders that might otherwise be required, the approval of the holders of a majority of any outstanding preferred shares, voting separately as a class, would be required to (i) adopt any plan of reorganization that would adversely affect the preferred shares and (ii) take any action requiring a vote of security holders under Section 13(a) of the 1940 Act, including, among other things, changes in the Fund’s subclassification as a closed-end investment company or changes in its fundamental investment restrictions.

 

If the Fund issues preferred shares, the Fund would likely seek a credit rating on the preferred shares from one or more nationally recognized statistical rating organizations. The Fund expects that, at any time when preferred shares were outstanding, the composition of its investment portfolio would reflect guidelines established by any rating agencies, including, for example, asset coverage requirements that are more restrictive than those under the 1940 Act, restrictions on certain portfolio investments and investment practices, requirements that the Fund maintain a portion of its assets in higher rated debt securities and

 

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certain mandatory redemption requirements relating to the preferred shares. No assurance can be given that the guidelines actually imposed with respect to preferred shares by rating agencies would be more or less restrictive than these examples. These restrictions may require the Fund to alter its investment strategy and invest in different types of assets, some of which may be lower yielding or result in fewer opportunities for capital appreciation. No minimum rating is required for the issuance of preferred shares by the Fund.

 

Prepayment Risk is the risk that during periods of falling interest rates, issuers of debt securities may repay higher rate securities before their maturity dates. This may cause the Fund to lose potential price appreciation and to be forced to reinvest the unanticipated proceeds at lower interest rates. This may adversely affect the NAV of the Fund’s shares.

 

Securities Market Risk is the risk that the value of securities owned by the Fund may go up or down, sometimes rapidly or unpredictably, due to factors affecting particular companies or the securities markets generally. A general downturn in the securities market may cause multiple asset classes to decline in value simultaneously. Many factors can affect this value and you may lose money by investing in the Fund.

  Senior Loans Risk is the risk associated with Senior Loans, which are typically below investment grade and are considered speculative because of the credit risk of their issuers. As with any debt instrument, Senior Loans are generally subject to the risk of price declines and to increases in interest rates, particularly long-term rates. Senior loans are also subject to the risk that, as interest rates rise, the cost of borrowing increases, which may increase the risk of default. In addition, the interest rates of floating rate loans typically only adjust to changes in short-term interest rates; long-term interest rates can vary dramatically from short-term interest rates. Therefore, Senior Loans may not mitigate price declines in a rising long-term interest rate environment. The secondary market for loans is generally less liquid than the market for higher grade debt. Less liquidity in the secondary trading market could adversely affect the price at which the Fund could sell a loan, and could adversely affect the NAV of the Fund’s shares. The volume and frequency of secondary market trading in such loans varies significantly over time and among loans. Although Senior Loans in which the Fund will invest will often be secured by collateral, there can be no assurance that liquidation of such collateral would satisfy the borrower’s obligation in the event of a default or that such collateral could be readily liquidated.
  Short Sales Risk is the risk of loss associated with any appreciation on the price of a security borrowed in connection with a short sale. The Fund may engage in short sales that are not made “against-the-box,” which means that the Fund may sell short securities even when they are not actually owned or otherwise covered at all times during the period the short position is open. Short sales that are not made “against-the-box” involve unlimited loss potential since the market price of securities sold short may continuously increase.
  Small-Cap Company Risk is the risk that investing in the securities of small-cap companies either directly or indirectly through investments in ETFs, closed-end funds or mutual funds (“Underlying Funds”) may pose greater market and liquidity risks than larger, more established companies, because of limited product lines and/or operating history, limited financial resources, limited trading markets, and the potential lack of management depth. In addition, the securities of such companies are typically more volatile than securities of larger capitalization companies.
  Sovereign Debt Risk is the risk that a governmental entity may delay or refuse to pay interest or repay principal on its sovereign debt. For example, this may occur due to cash flow problems, insufficient foreign currency reserves, political considerations, the relative size of the governmental entity’s debt position in relation to an economy or failure to institute required economic reforms.

 

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  Swaps Risk involves both the risks associated with an investment in the underlying investments or instruments (including equity investments) and counterparty risk. In a standard over-the-counter (“OTC”) swap transaction, two parties agree to exchange the returns, differentials in rates of return or some other amount calculated based on the “notional amount” of predetermined investments or instruments, which may be adjusted for an interest factor. Swaps can involve greater risks than direct investments in securities, because swaps may be leveraged and OTC swaps are subject to counterparty risk (e.g., the risk of a counterparty’s defaulting on the obligation or bankruptcy), credit risk and pricing risk (i.e., swaps may be difficult to value). Swaps may also be considered illiquid. Certain swap transactions, including interest rate swaps and index credit default swaps, may be subject to mandatory clearing and exchange trading, although the swaps in which the Fund will invest are not currently subject to mandatory clearing and exchange trading. The use of swaps is a highly specialized activity which involves investment techniques, risk analyses and tax planning different from those associated with ordinary portfolio securities transactions. The value of swaps, like many other derivatives, may move in unexpected ways and may result in losses for the Fund.
  Tax Status Risk is the risk that the Fund’s ability to invest in certain derivative instruments and certain commodity-related instruments, including in certain commodity-linked ETFs and ETNs, is or may be limited by the Fund’s intention to qualify as a RIC under the Code, and, if the Fund does not appropriately limit such investments or if such investments (or the income earned on such investments) were to be recharacterized for U.S. tax purposes, the Fund could fail to qualify as a RIC under one or more of the qualification tests applicable to RICs under the Code.
  If the Fund were to fail to qualify as a RIC in any taxable year, and were ineligible to or otherwise did not cure such failure, the Fund would be subject to tax on its taxable income at corporate rates, and all distributions from earnings and profits, including any distributions of net long-term capital gains, would be taxable to shareholders as dividend income. See “Taxation” below.
  Telecommunications Sector Risk is the risk that the Fund may be impacted by risks faced by companies in the telecommunications services industry, including: a telecommunications market characterized by increasing competition and regulation by the Federal Communications Commission and various state regulatory authorities; the need to commit substantial capital to meet increasing competition, particularly in formulating new products and new services using new technology; and technological innovations that may make various products and services obsolete.
  Underlying Funds Risk is the risk associated with investing in Underlying Funds. The Fund may invest in Underlying Funds subject to the limitations set forth in the 1940 Act. Underlying Funds typically incur fees that are separate from those fees incurred directly by the Fund; therefore, the Fund’s purchase of Underlying Funds’ securities results in the layering of expenses. The Fund’s shareholders indirectly bear a proportionate share of the operating expenses of Underlying Funds (including advisory fees) in addition to bearing the Fund’s expenses.
  Utilities Sector Risk is the risk that the Fund may be impacted by risks faced by companies in the utilities sectors. The utilities sector is subject to significant government regulation and oversight. Deregulation, however, may subject utility companies to greater competition and may reduce their profitability. Companies in the utilities sector may be adversely affected due to increases in fuel and operating costs, rising costs of financing capital construction and the cost of complying with U.S. federal and state regulations, among other factors.
  Valuation Risk is the risk that the portfolio securities that have been valued using techniques other than market quotations, may have valuations that are different from those produced using other methodologies, and that the security may be sold at a discount to the value established by the Fund.
  Value Investing Risk is the risk of investing in undervalued stocks that may not realize their perceived value for extended periods of time or may never realize their perceived value. Value stocks may respond differently to market and other developments than other types of stocks. Value-oriented funds will typically underperform when growth investing is in favor.

 

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SUMMARY OF FEES AND EXPENSES OF THE FUND

The following table shows the Fund’s expenses, including preferred shares offering expenses, as a percentage of net assets attributable to common shares.

 

Shareholder Transaction Expenses

  

Sales load (as a percentage of offering price)

     —   %(1) 

Offering expenses borne by the Fund (excluding Preferred Shares Offering Expenses) (as a percentage of offering price)

     0.08 %(1) 

Dividend reinvestment and cash purchase plan fees

     None (2) 

Preferred Shares Offering Expenses Borne by the Fund (as a percentage of net assets attributable to common shares)

     —   %(3) 

 

    

Percentage of Net Assets Attributable

to Common Shares (Gives Effect to

Leverage Through Borrowings)

 

Annual Expenses

  

Management fees

     0.57

Other expenses

     2.10 %(4) 

Dividend expense on short sales

     0.12

Interest payments on borrowed funds

     1.38

Remainder of other expenses

     0.60

Total annual expenses

     2.67

Dividends on Preferred Shares

     —   %(5) 

Total Annual Expenses and Dividends on Preferred Shares

     —  

 

(1)

Estimated maximum amount based on offering of $350 million in common shares and/or $350 million in preferred shares. The estimates assume a —  % sales load on common shares and $— in common offering expenses, and —  % sales load on preferred shares and $— in preferred offering expenses. Actual sales loads and offering expenses may be higher or lower than these estimates and will be set forth in the Prospectus Supplement if applicable.

(2)

Shareholders participating in the Fund’s dividend reinvestment and cash purchase plan do not incur any additional fees.

(3)

Assumes issuance of $350,000,000.00 in liquidation preference of fixed rate preferred shares, net assets attributable to common shares of $— (which includes issuance of $— million in common shares) and $— in preferred offering expenses. The actual amounts in connection with any offering will be set forth in the Prospectus Supplement if applicable.

(4)

“Other Expenses” are based on estimated amounts for the current year assuming completion of the proposed issuances.

(5)

Dividends on Preferred Shares represent the aggregate of (1) the estimated distributions on the existing preferred shares outstanding and (2) the distributions that would be made assuming $— million of preferred shares is issued with a fixed dividend rate of —  %. There can, of course, be no guarantee that any preferred shares would be issued or, if issued, the terms thereof.

(6)

Assumes leverage in the amount of 30% of net assets. As of September 30, 2018, the Trust employed leverage in an amount equal to 25.3% of net assets. The Trust may use leverage through borrowings and/or preferred shares. The Trust currently leverages through borrowings from two committed facilities and through a master repurchase agreement. See “Principal Risks of the Trust — Leverage Risk” in the accompanying Prospectus for a brief description of the Trust’s Prime Brokerage with BNP.

(7)

Assumes the use of leverage in the form of borrowings representing 30% of the Trust’s total assets (including assets obtained through such borrowing) at an effective annual interest rate cost to the Trust of 3.23%. This variable rate is based on current interest rates under the Trust’s borrowing facilities and is subject to change. The interest rate will increase in rising interest rate environments and, therefore, the actual interest expense borne by Trust shareholders will increase over time in a rising interest rate environment. The Margin Facility has a rolling 90-day term. There is no guarantee that the Trust will be able to renew its credit facility on these or other favorable terms in the future. While the Trust has no present intention to issue preferred shares within the next twelve months, if an attractive preferred shares financing opportunity were to come to the Trust’s attention during that period, the Trust may consider that opportunity.

 

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The purpose of this table above and the example below is to assist the investor in understanding the various costs and expenses that an investor in the Fund will bear directly or indirectly.

EXAMPLE

The following example illustrates the projected expenses that you would pay on a $1,000 investment in preferred shares of the Trust (including the estimated costs of this offering borne by the Trust of $[407,420]), assuming (1) that the Trust’s current net assets do not increase or decrease, (2) that the Trust maintains a leverage ratio of 30% from all sources of leverage, (3) that the Trust incurs total annual expenses of [2.67]% of net assets attributable to common shares through year 10, and (4) a 5% annual return. The following example also assumes all dividends and distributions are reinvested at net asset value. The example should not be considered a representation of future expenses, and actual expenses (including leverage and other expenses) may be greater or less than those shown.

 

     1 Year      3 Years      5 Years      10 Years  

Total expenses incurred

   $ 28      $ 84      $ 142      $ 301  

 

*

The example includes Dividends of Preferred Shares. If Dividends on Preferred Shares were not included in the example calculation, the expenses for the 1-, 3-, 5- and 10-year periods in the table above would be as follows (based on the same assumptions as above): $32, $97, $164 and $343. The applicable Prospectus Supplement to be used in connection with any sales of securities will set forth any applicable sales load and the estimated offering expenses borne by the Fund.

FINANCIAL HIGHLIGHTS

The financial highlights tables that follow are intended to help you understand the Fund’s financial performance for the fiscal years or periods ended September 30.

On the Conversion Date, upon the conversion of the Predecessor Fund into the Fund, the Fund assumed the financial and performance history of the Predecessor Fund. The information in the Financial Highlights tables for the Fund for the periods audited prior to September 30, 2018 is based on the financial information of the Predecessor Fund.

Certain information reflects the financial results for a single Fund share. The total returns in the tables represent the rate that an investor would have earned or lost on an investment in the Fund (assuming reinvestment of all dividends and distributions). The information for the year ended September 30, 2018 has been audited by PricewaterhouseCoopers (“PwC”), whose report, along with the Predecessor Fund’s financial statements, are included in the Predecessor Fund’s annual report, which is available upon request. This information for the years ended September 30, 2017, 2016, 2015, and 2014 has been audited and reported on by another independent registered public accounting firm.

 

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FINANCIAL HIGHLIGHTS

 

 

Highland Global Allocation Fund, Class A

Selected data for a share outstanding throughout each period is as follows:

 

     For the Years Ended September 30,  
     2018     2017     2016     2015     2014  

Net Asset Value, Beginning of Period

   $ 8.32     $ 8.40     $ 8.35     $ 10.58     $ 9.03  
  

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

 

Income from Investment Operations:

 

Net investment income(a)

     0.28       0.62       0.73       0.26       0.16  

Net realized and unrealized gain/(loss)

     0.25       (0.05     —         (1.69     1.89  
  

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

 

Total from investment operations

     0.53       0.57       0.73       (1.43     2.05  
  

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

 

Less Distributions Declared to Shareholders:

 

From net investment income

     (0.29     (0.63     (0.65     (0.43     (0.16

From net realized gains

     —         —         —         (0.37     (0.34

From return of capital

     (0.13     (0.02     (0.03     —         —    
  

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

 

Total distributions declared to shareholders

     (0.42     (0.65     (0.68     (0.80     (0.50
  

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

 

Net Asset Value, End of Period(b)

   $ 8.43     $ 8.32     $ 8.40     $ 8.35     $ 10.58  

Total Return(b)(c)

     6.54     6.69     9.74     (14.68 )%      23.21
  

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

 

Ratios to Average Net Assets(d):

 

Net assets, end of period (in 000’s)

   $ 191,059     $ 256,895     $ 313,145     $ 419,111     $ 484,016  

Gross operating expenses(e)

     2.73     1.45     1.36     0.93     0.94

Net investment income

     3.35     7.20     9.28     2.49     1.53

Portfolio turnover rate

     51     66     100     108     195

 

(a)

Net investment income (loss) per share was calculated using average shares outstanding during the period.

(b)

The Net Asset Value per share and total return have been calculated based on net assets which include adjustments made in accordance with U.S. Generally Accepted Accounting Principles required at period end for financial reporting purposes. These figures do not necessarily reflect the Net Asset Value per share or total return experienced by the shareholder at period end.

(c)

Total return is at net asset value assuming all distributions are reinvested and no initial sales charge or CDSC. For periods with waivers/reimbursements, had the Fund’s investment adviser not waived or reimbursed a portion of expenses, total return would have been lower.

(d)

All ratios for the period have been annualized, unless otherwise indicated.

(e)

Supplemental expense ratios are shown below:

 

     For the Years Ended September 30,  
     2018     2017     2016     2015     2014  

Net operating expenses (net of waiver/reimbursement, if applicable, but gross of all other operating expenses)

     2.73     1.44     1.30     0.93     0.94

Interest expense and commitment fees

     1.05     0.37     0.12     0.01     —    

Dividends and fees on securities sold short

     0.16     0.05     0.16     0.02     —    

See accompanying Notes to Financial Statements.

 

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FINANCIAL HIGHLIGHTS

 

 

Highland Global Allocation Fund, Class C

Selected data for a share outstanding throughout each period is as follows:

 

     For the Years Ended September 30,  
     2018     2017     2016     2015     2014  

Net Asset Value, Beginning of Period

   $ 7.27     $ 7.41     $ 7.45     $ 9.53     $ 8.20  
  

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

 

Income from Investment Operations:

 

Net investment income(a)

     0.20       0.50       0.59       0.20       0.07  

Net realized and unrealized gain/(loss)

     0.24       (0.05     —         (1.54     1.72  
  

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

 

Total from investment operations

     0.44       0.45       0.59       (1.34     1.79  
  

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

 

Less Distributions Declared to Shareholders:

 

From net investment income

     (0.25     (0.57     (0.60     (0.37     (0.12

From net realized gains

     —         —         —         (0.37     (0.34

From return of capital

     (0.12     (0.02     (0.03     —         —    
  

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

 

Total distributions declared to shareholders

     (0.37     (0.59     (0.63     (0.74     (0.46
  

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

 

Net Asset Value, End of Period(b)

   $ 7.34     $ 7.27     $ 7.41     $ 7.45     $ 9.53  

Total Return(b)(c)

     6.15     5.96     8.85     (15.28 )%      22.32
  

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

 

Ratios to Average Net Assets(d):

 

Net assets, end of period (in 000’s)

   $ 90,154     $ 153,656     $ 245,556     $ 391,754     $ 151,943  

Gross operating expenses(e)

     3.43     2.20     2.11     1.69     1.69

Net investment income

     2.67     6.60     8.45     2.11     0.76

Portfolio turnover rate

     51     66     100     108     195

 

(a)

Net investment income (loss) per share was calculated using average shares outstanding during the period.

(b)

The Net Asset Value per share and total return have been calculated based on net assets which include adjustments made in accordance with U.S. Generally Accepted Accounting Principles required at period end for financial reporting purposes. These figures do not necessarily reflect the Net Asset Value per share or total return experienced by the shareholder at period end.

(c)

Total return is at net asset value assuming all distributions are reinvested and no initial sales charge or CDSC. For periods with waivers/reimbursements, had the Fund’s investment adviser not waived or reimbursed a portion of expenses, total return would have been lower.

(d)

All ratios for the period have been annualized, unless otherwise indicated.

(e)

Supplemental expense ratios are shown below:

 

     For the Years Ended September 30,  
     2018     2017     2016     2015     2014  

Net operating expenses (net of waiver/reimbursement, if applicable, but gross of all other operating expenses)

     3.43     2.19     2.05     1.69     1.69

Interest expense and commitment fees

     1.03     0.37     0.11     0.01     —    

Dividends and fees on securities sold short

     0.15     0.05     0.17     0.03     —    

See accompanying Notes to Financial Statements.

 

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FINANCIAL HIGHLIGHTS

 

 

Highland Global Allocation Fund, Class Y

Selected data for a share outstanding throughout each period is as follows:

 

     For the Years Ended September 30,  
     2018     2017     2016     2015     2014  

Net Asset Value, Beginning of Period

   $ 9.96     $ 9.93     $ 9.75     $ 12.21     $ 10.36  
  

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

 

Income from Investment Operations:

 

Net investment income(a)

     0.38       0.78       0.86       0.39       0.22  

Net realized and unrealized gain/(loss)

     0.39       (0.08     0.02       (2.02     2.16  
  

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

 

Total from investment operations

     0.77       0.70       0.88       (1.63     2.38  
  

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

 

Less Distributions Declared to Shareholders:

 

From net investment income

     (0.30     (0.65     (0.66     (0.46     (0.19

From net realized gains

     —         —         —         (0.37     (0.34

From return of capital

     (0.14     (0.02     (0.04     —         —    
  

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

 

Total distributions declared to shareholders

     (0.44     (0.67     (0.70     (0.83     (0.53
  

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

 

Net Asset Value, End of Period(b)

   $ 10.29     $ 9.96     $ 9.93     $ 9.75     $ 12.21  

Total Return(b)(c)

     7.95     7.01     9.91     (14.41 )%      23.39
  

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

 

Ratios to Average Net Assets(d):

 

Net assets, end of period (in 000’s)

   $ 128,353     $ 254,539     $ 367,251     $ 775,238     $ 246,907  

Gross operating expenses(e)

     2.38     1.20     1.11     0.69     0.69

Net investment income

     3.73     7.59     9.24     3.16     1.79

Portfolio turnover rate

     51     66     100     108     195

 

(a)

Net investment income (loss) per share was calculated using average shares outstanding during the period.

(b)

The Net Asset Value per share and total return have been calculated based on net assets which include adjustments made in accordance with U.S. Generally Accepted Accounting Principles required at period end for financial reporting purposes. These figures do not necessarily reflect the Net Asset Value per share or total return experienced by the shareholder at period end.

(c)

Total return is at net asset value assuming all distributions are reinvested and no initial sales charge or CDSC. For periods with waivers/reimbursements, had the Fund’s investment adviser not waived or reimbursed a portion of expenses, total return would have been lower.

(d)

All ratios for the period have been annualized, unless otherwise indicated.

(e)

Supplemental expense ratios are shown below:

 

     For the Years Ended September 30,  
     2018     2017     2016     2015     2014  

Net operating expenses (net of waiver/reimbursement, if applicable, but gross of all other operating expenses)

     2.38     1.19     1.05     0.69     0.69

Interest expense and commitment fees

     1.02     0.37     0.11     0.01     —    

Dividends and fees on securities sold short

     0.16     0.05     0.17     0.03     —    

See accompanying Notes to Financial Statements.

 

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PLAN OF DISTRIBUTION

We may offer, from time to time, in one or more offerings, our common and/or fixed rate preferred shares, $0.001 par value per share, our notes, or our subscription rights to purchase our common or fixed rate preferred shares or both, which we refer to collectively as the “securities.” The securities may be offered at prices and on terms to be set forth in one or more supplements to this Prospectus (each a “Prospectus Supplement”). The offering price per common share of the Fund will not be less than the net asset value per common share at the time we make the offering, exclusive of any underwriting commissions or discounts; however, rights offerings that meet certain conditions may be offered at a price below the then current net asset value per common share of the Fund. You should read this Prospectus and the applicable Prospectus Supplement carefully before you invest in our securities. Our securities may be offered directly to one or more purchasers, through agents designated from time to time by us, or through underwriters or dealers. The Prospectus Supplement relating to the offering will identify any agents, underwriters or dealers involved in the sale of our shares, and will set forth any applicable purchase price, fee, commission or discount arrangement between us and our agents or underwriters, or among our underwriters, or the basis upon which such amount may be calculated. The Prospectus Supplement relating to any sale of fixed rate preferred shares will set forth the liquidation preference and information about the dividend period, dividend rate, any call protection or non-call period and other matters. The Prospectus Supplement relating to any offering of subscription rights will set forth the number of common and/or fixed rate preferred shares issuable upon the exercise of each right and the other terms of such rights offering. While the aggregate number and amount of securities we may issue pursuant to this registration statement is limited to $350,000,000 of securities, our Board may, without any action by the shareholders, amend the Fund’s Agreement and Declaration of Trust from time to time to increase or decrease the aggregate number of shares or the number of shares of any class or series that we have authority to issue. We may not sell any of our securities through agents, underwriters or dealers without delivery of a Prospectus Supplement describing the method and terms of the particular offering.

The distribution of the securities may be effected from time to time in one or more transactions at a fixed price or prices, which may be changed, at prevailing market prices at the time of sale, at prices related to such prevailing market prices, or at negotiated prices; provided, however, that the price per share at which our common shares are sold, less any underwriting commissions or discounts, must equal or exceed the net asset value per share of our common shares at the time of the offering except (i) in connection with a rights offering to our existing shareholders, (ii) with the consent of the majority of our common shareholders, or (iii) under such circumstances as the Commission may permit.

In connection with the sale of the securities, underwriters or agents may receive compensation from us or from purchasers of the securities, for whom they may act as agents, in the form of discounts, concessions, commissions, structuring fees, distribution assistance payments or other compensation. Underwriters may sell the securities to or through dealers and such dealers may receive compensation in the form of discounts, concessions or commissions from the underwriters and/or commissions from the purchasers for whom they may act as agents. Underwriters, dealers and agents that participate in the distribution of the securities may be deemed to be underwriters under the Securities Act of 1933, as amended (the “Securities Act”) and any discounts, commissions or other compensation they receive from us and any profit realized by them on the resale of the securities may be deemed to be underwriting discounts and commissions under the Securities Act. Any such underwriter or agent will be identified and any such compensation received from us will be described in the applicable Prospectus Supplement. The maximum commission or discount to be received by any member of the Financial Industry Regulatory Authority (“FINRA”) or independent broker-dealer will not be greater than 9% for the sale of any securities being registered.

We may sell the securities through agents from time to time. The Prospectus Supplement will name any agent involved in the offer or sale of the securities and any commissions we pay to them. Generally, any agent will be acting on a best efforts basis for the period of its appointment.

Any securities sold pursuant to a Prospectus Supplement may be traded on the NYSE, or another exchange on which the securities are traded.

Under agreements that we may enter, underwriters, dealers and agents who participate in the distribution of shares of our securities may be entitled to indemnification by us against certain liabilities, including liabilities under the Securities Act. Underwriters, dealers and agents may engage in transactions with, or perform services for, us in the ordinary course of business.

Underwriters, dealers and agents may sell our shares at a price that is greater than, equal to or less than our net asset value per share so long as we sell our shares in accordance with the 1940 Act.

We may enter into derivative transactions with third parties, or sell securities not covered by this Prospectus to third parties in privately negotiated transactions. If the applicable Prospectus Supplement indicates, in connection with those derivatives, the third parties may sell securities covered by this Prospectus and the applicable Prospectus Supplement, including in short sale transactions. If

 

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so, the third party may use securities pledged by us or borrowed from us or others to settle those sales or to close out any related open borrowings of shares, and may use securities received from us in settlement of those derivatives to close out any related open borrowings of shares. The third parties in such sale transactions will be underwriters and, if not identified in this Prospectus, will be identified in the applicable Prospectus Supplement

In order to comply with the securities laws of certain states, if applicable, our securities offered hereby will be sold in such jurisdictions only through registered or licensed brokers or dealers.

The Fund’s common shareholders will indirectly bear all of the various expenses incurred in connection with the distribution activities described herein.

USE OF PROCEEDS

Unless otherwise specified in a Prospectus Supplement, the Fund will invest the net proceeds of any sales of securities in accordance with the Fund’s investment objectives and policies as stated below, or use such proceeds for other general corporate purposes. Assuming current market conditions, the Fund estimates that investment of the net proceeds of an Offering will be substantially complete within one to three months of the completion of such Offering. Pending such investment, it is anticipated that the proceeds of the Offering may be invested in cash and/or short-term debt securities. These temporary investments are expected to provide a lower net return than we hope to achieve from our targeted investments. Following the completion of the Offering, the Fund may increase the amount of leverage outstanding. The Fund may also use the net proceeds from the Offering to call, redeem or repurchase preferred shares. See “Use of Leverage.”

THE FUND

The Fund is a diversified, closed-end management investment company that was organized as a Massachusetts business trust pursuant to a Declaration of Trust dated June 28, 2017. The Fund’s principal office is located at 300 Crescent Court, Suite 700, Dallas, Texas 75201 and its telephone number is 866-745-0264. On February 13, 2019, the Fund converted from Highland Global Allocation Fund (the “Predecessor Fund”), an open-end series of Highland Funds II (the “Predecessor Trust”), a Massachusetts business trust, to a standalone closed end fund, also a Massachusetts business (the “Conversion”). As part of the Conversion, shares of the Predecessor Fund that had been previously registered and were then-currently outstanding were converted into newly registered and issued shares of the Fund. On August 6, 2018, the Fund’s name changed from “Highland Global Allocation Fund II” to “Highland Global Allocation Fund.”

The Fund is the successor to the accounting and performance information of the Predecessor Fund. All information included herein for periods prior to the Conversion Date is that of the Predecessor Fund.

INVESTMENT OBJECTIVES AND POLICIES

The Fund’s investment objective is to seek long-term growth of capital and future income (future income means the ability to pay dividends in the future). The Fund seeks to achieve its investment objectives by investing in a portfolio of U.S. and foreign equity, debt and money market securities. Under normal market conditions, the Fund intends to invest at least 50% of its net assets in equity securities and at least 40% (plus any borrowings for investment purposes) of its net assets in securities of non-U.S. issuers. The Fund intends to invest approximately 40% or more of its net assets in securities of non-U.S. issuers at all times, however, in the event of unfavorable market conditions the Fund may invest less than 40% (but not less than 30%) of its assets in securities of non-U.S. issuers. For purposes of determining whether securities held by the Fund are securities of a non-U.S. issuer, a company is considered to be a non-U.S. issuer if the company’s securities principally trade on a market outside of the United States, the company derives a majority of its revenues or profits outside of the United States, the company is not organized in the United States, or the company is significantly exposed to the economic fortunes and risks of regions outside the United States.

Equity securities in which the Fund may invest include common stock, preferred stock, securities convertible into common stock, rights and warrants or securities or other instruments whose price is linked to the value of common stock. The equity securities in which the Fund invests may be of any capitalization, may be denominated in any currency and may be located in emerging markets.

The Fund may also invest in debt securities of any kind, including debt securities of varying maturities, debt securities paying a fixed or fluctuating rate of interest, inflation-indexed bonds, structured notes, loan assignments, loan participations, asset-backed securities, debt securities convertible into equity securities, and securities issued or guaranteed by the U.S. Government or its agencies or instrumentalities, by foreign governments or international agencies or supranational entities or by domestic or foreign private issuers.

 

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The Fund may also invest in senior loans to domestic or foreign corporations, partnerships and other entities that operate in a variety of industries and geographic regions (“Borrowers”) (“Senior Loans”). Senior Loans are business loans that have a right to payment senior to most other debts of the Borrower. Senior Loans generally are arranged through private negotiations between a Borrower and several financial institutions (the “Lenders”) represented in each case by one or more such Lenders acting as agent (the “Agent”) of the several Lenders. On behalf of the Lenders, the Agent is primarily responsible for negotiating the loan agreement (“Loan Agreement”) that establishes the relative terms and conditions of the Senior Loan and rights of the Borrower and the Lenders.

With respect to the Fund’s investments, the Fund invests primarily in companies that the portfolio manager believes have solid growth prospectus and/or attractive valuations. The portfolio manager’s growth management style focuses on companies that are expected to grow faster than their relevant peers/markets and whose security prices do not fully reflect their potential for growth. The portfolio manager’s value management style employs a relative approach to identify companies across all economic sectors and geographic regions that are undervalued relative to the market, their peers, their historical valuation or their growth rate. This combination of investment styles is intended to result in an approach that is invested across economic sectors and countries. In addition, the Fund’s portfolio manager may employ event-driven investment strategies that analyze transactions in order to predict a likely outcome and invest the Fund’s assets in a way that seeks to benefit from that outcome.

When choosing investment markets, Fund management considers various factors, including economic and political conditions, potential for economic growth and possible changes in currency exchange rates. In addition to investing in securities of non-U.S. issuers, the Fund actively manages its exposure to foreign currencies through the use of forward currency contracts and other currency derivatives. The Fund may own foreign cash equivalents or foreign bank deposits as part of the Fund’s investment strategy. The Fund may also invest in non-U.S. currencies for hedging and speculative purposes. The Fund may underweight or overweight a currency based on the Fund management team’s outlook.

The Fund may invest in debt securities of any credit quality, including below investment grade securities (also known as “high yield securities” or “junk securities”). Such securities are rated below investment grade by a nationally recognized statistical rating organization (“NRSRO”) or are unrated but deemed by Highland Capital Management Fund Advisors, L.P. (the “Adviser”) to be of comparable quality. The Fund may invest without limitation in below investment grade or unrated securities, including in insolvent borrowers or borrowers in default.

In addition, the Fund may invest in pooled investment vehicles, including exchange-traded funds (“ETFs”). The Fund’s portfolio may include pooled investment vehicles that provide exposure to foreign equity securities and that invest in both developed and emerging markets, including ETFs that seek to track the performance of securities of a single country. The Fund may invest up to 5% of its net assets in warrants and may also use derivatives, primarily swaps (including equity, variance and volatility swaps), options and futures contracts on securities, interest rates, commodities and/or currencies, as substitutes for direct investments the Fund can make. The Fund may also use derivatives such as swaps, options (including options on futures), futures, and foreign currency transactions (e.g., foreign currency swaps, futures and forwards) to any extent deemed by the Adviser to be in the best interest of the Fund, and to the extent permitted by the 1940 Act, to hedge various investments for risk management and speculative purposes.

The Fund will limit its investments in pooled investment vehicles that are excluded from the definition of “investment company” under the 1940 Act by Section 3(c)(1) or Section 3(c)(7) of the 1940 Act to no more than 15% of its net assets (the “15% Limitation”). Such entities are typically private equity funds and hedge funds. This limitation does not apply to any collateralized loan obligations, collateralized debt obligations and/or collateralized mortgage obligations, certain of which may rely on Section 3(c)(1) or 3(c)(7) of the 1940 Act.

The Fund seeks to provide exposure to the investment returns of real assets that trade in the commodity markets, including through investment in certain commodity-linked instruments and pooled investment vehicles, such as master limited partnership (“MLP”) investments that are principally engaged in one or more aspects of the exploration, production, processing, transmission, marketing, storage or delivery of energy-related commodities, such as natural gas, natural gas liquids, coal, crude oil or refined petroleum products, in addition to exchange-traded notes (“ETNs”) and ETFs that generate returns tied to a particular commodity or commodity market index.

Except as otherwise expressly noted in the Statement of Additional Information (“SAI”), all percentage limitations and ratings criteria apply at the time of purchase of securities, except that the limit on borrowing described herein is applied on a continual basis.

The Fund may borrow an amount up to 33 1/3% of its total assets (including the amount borrowed). The Fund may borrow for investment purposes and for temporary, extraordinary or emergency purposes. To the extent the Fund borrows more money than it has cash or short-term cash equivalents and invests the proceeds, the Fund will create financial leverage. The use of borrowing for investment purposes increases both investment opportunity and investment risk.

 

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The Fund’s portfolio manager may sell a security for a variety of reasons, such as to invest in a company offering superior investment opportunities.

The portfolio manager may sell short securities of a company that it believes: (i) is overvalued relative to normalized business and industry fundamentals or to the expected growth that the portfolio manager believes the company will achieve; (ii) has a weak competitive position relative to peers; (iii) engages in questionable accounting practices; (iv) shows declining cash flow and/or liquidity; (v) has distribution estimates that the portfolio manager believes are too high; (vi) has weak competitive barriers to entry; (vii) suffers from deteriorating industry and/or business fundamentals; (viii) has a weak management team; (ix) will see multiple contraction; (x) is not adapting to changes in technological, regulatory or competitive environments; or (xi) provides a hedge against the Fund’s long exposure, such as a broad based market ETF. Technical analysis may be used to help in the decision making process. The Fund may engage in short sales that are not made “against-the-box,” which means that the Fund may sell short securities even when they are not actually owned or offset at all times during the period the short position is open and could result in unlimited loss.

INVESTMENT STRATEGIES

The following is a description of investment practices in which the Fund may engage and includes additional information regarding the Fund’s investment strategies that are summarized in the “Investment Objectives & Investment Strategies” for the Fund. Any investment strategy that is discussed below and not included in the “Investment Objectives & Investment Strategies” for the Fund is not considered to be principal by the Fund. Any references to investments made by the Fund include those that may be made both directly by the Fund and indirectly by the Fund (e.g., through its investments in derivatives or other pooled investment vehicles). Except to the extent as otherwise provided in this Prospectus or SAI, the Fund may invest without limit in the securities, assets, instruments and transactions in which it is permitted to invest. Please refer to the “Principal Investment Strategies” for the Fund for additional information regarding the investment practices in which the Fund may engage. Please see “Principal Risks of the Fund” below for the risks associated with the Fund’s investment practices.

Assignments. The Fund may purchase Assignments from Lenders. The purchaser of an Assignment typically succeeds to all the rights and obligations under the Loan Agreement of the assigning Lender and becomes a Lender under the Loan Agreement with the same rights and obligations as the assigning Lender.

Borrowing. The Fund may borrow an amount up to 33 1/3% of its total assets (including the amount borrowed). The Fund may borrow for investment purposes, to meet repurchase requests and for temporary, extraordinary or emergency purposes. To the extent the Fund borrows more money than it has cash or short-term cash equivalents and invests the proceeds, the Fund will create financial leverage. It will do so only when it expects to be able to invest the proceeds at a higher rate of return than its cost of borrowing. The use of borrowing for investment purposes increases both investment opportunity and investment risk.

Because the management fees paid to the Adviser are calculated on the basis of the Fund’s average daily managed assets, which include the proceeds of leverage, the dollar amount of the fees paid by the Fund to the Adviser will be higher (and the Adviser will be benefited to that extent) when leverage is utilized. The Adviser will utilize leverage only if it believes such action would result in a net benefit to the Fund’s shareholders after taking into account the higher fees and expenses associated with leverage (including higher management fees).

Cash and Temporary Defensive Positions. Under normal circumstances, the Fund may hold cash: (i) pending investment, (ii) for investment purpose, (iii) for cash management purposes, such as to pay operating expenses, and (iv) during a restructuring.

The Fund may from time to time take temporary defensive positions when the portfolio manager believes that adverse market, economic, political or other conditions exist. In these circumstances, the portfolio manager may (i) without limit hold cash, or (ii) restrict the securities markets in which the Fund’s assets are invested by investing those assets in securities markets deemed to be conservative in light of the Fund’s investment objective and strategies.

The Fund may utilize cash as an asset class to hedge the portfolio and reduce volatility.

In addition, the Fund may hold cash under circumstances where the liquidation of the Fund has been approved by the Trustees, and, therefore, investments in accordance with the Fund’s investment objective and policies would no longer be appropriate.

To the extent that the Fund holds cash, it may not achieve its investment objective.

Debt Securities. The Fund may, but is not required to, invest in debt securities, including investment grade securities, below investment grade securities and other debt obligations. The Fund also may invest in debt securities convertible into, or exchangeable for, common or preferred stock. The Fund may also invest in fixed-income securities, including high-yield securities and U.S. government-issued fixed-income securities.

 

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Investment Grade Securities. The Fund may invest in a wide variety of bonds that are rated or determined by the Adviser to be of investment grade quality of varying maturities issued by U.S. corporations and other business entities. Bonds are fixed or variable rate debt obligations, including bills, notes, debentures, money market instruments and similar instruments and securities. Bonds generally are used by corporations and other issuers to borrow money from investors for a variety of business purposes. The issuer pays the investor a fixed or variable rate of interest and normally must repay the amount borrowed on or before maturity.

 

   

Below Investment Grade Securities. The Fund may invest in below investment grade securities (also known as “high-yield securities” or “junk securities”). Such securities may be fixed or variable rate obligations and are rated below investment grade (Ba/BB or lower) by a nationally recognized statistical rating organization or are unrated but deemed by the Adviser to be of comparable quality. High-yield debt securities are frequently issued by corporations in the growth stage of their development, but also may be issued by established companies. These bonds are regarded by the rating organizations, on balance, as predominantly speculative with respect to capacity to pay interest and repay principal in accordance with the terms of the obligation. Such securities also are generally considered to be subject to greater risk than securities with higher ratings with regard to default rates and deterioration of general economic conditions. High-yield securities held by the Fund may include securities received as a result of a corporate reorganization or issued as part of a corporate takeover.

Derivatives. The Fund may invest in various instruments that are commonly known as derivatives. Generally, a derivative is a financial arrangement, the value of which is based on, or “derived” from, a traditional security, asset, or market index. Futures, forwards, swaps and options are commonly used for traditional hedging purposes to attempt to protect the Fund from exposure to changing interest rates, securities prices, or currency exchange rates and as a low cost method of gaining exposure to a particular securities market without investing directly in those securities. The Fund may enter into credit derivatives, such as credit default swaps and credit default index investments, including loan credit default swaps and loan credit default index swaps. The Fund may use these investments (i) as alternatives to direct long or short investment in a particular security, (ii) to adjust the Fund’s asset allocation or risk exposure, or (iii) for hedging purposes. The use by the Fund of credit default swaps may have the effect of creating a short position in a security. These investments can create investment leverage, which tends to magnify the effects of an instrument’s price changes as market conditions change. The Fund’s ability to pursue its investment strategy, including its strategy of investing in certain derivative instruments, may be limited or adversely affected by the Fund’s intention to qualify as a RIC, and its strategy may bear adversely on its ability to so qualify. Special tax considerations apply to the Fund’s use of derivatives. See the “Taxation” section below.

Equity Securities. To the extent the Fund invests in equity securities, the Adviser expects the Fund’s investments will generally be in common stock of companies of varying sizes. The Adviser believes preferred stock and convertible securities (e.g. debt securities convertible into, or exchangeable for common or preferred stock) of selected companies offer opportunities for capital appreciation as well as periodic income and may invest a portion of the Fund’s assets in such securities. The Adviser will not rely on any specific rating criteria when deciding whether to invest the Fund’s assets in convertible securities. In addition to common stock, other securities with equity characteristics include depositary receipts and warrants.

Exchange-Traded Funds. ETFs are listed on various exchanges and seek to provide investment results that correspond generally to the performance of specified market indices by holding a basket of the securities in the relevant index. The Fund may invest in ETFs, including ETFs that are part of the Highland fund complex and advised by the Adviser or its affiliates (the “Underlying Highland ETFs”). The Underlying Highland ETFs include the Highland/iBoxx Senior Loan ETF and may include additional ETFs advised by the Adviser or its affiliates in the future. Fees and expenses of investments in Underlying Highland ETFs will be borne by shareholders of the investing funds, and the Adviser intends to voluntarily waive the portion of the management fee of the investing funds that is attributable to investments in Underlying Highland ETFs.

Hedging. The Fund may engage in “hedging,” the practice of attempting to offset a potential loss in one position by establishing an opposite position in another investment. Hedging strategies in general are usually intended to limit or reduce investment risk, but can also be expected to limit or reduce the potential for profit. For example, if the Fund has taken a defensive posture by hedging its portfolio, and stock or debt prices advance, the return to investors will be lower than if the portfolio has not been hedged. No assurance can be given that any particular hedging strategy will be successful, or that the Adviser will elect to use a hedging strategy at a time when it is advisable. Special tax considerations apply to the Fund’s hedging transactions. See the “Taxation” section below.

Illiquid and Restricted Securities. The Fund may invest in illiquid and restricted securities. Restricted securities generally may not be resold without registration under the Securities Act of 1933, as amended (the “Securities Act”), except in transactions exempt from the registration requirements of the Securities Act. A security that may be restricted as to resale under federal securities laws or otherwise will not be subject to this percentage limitation if the Adviser determines that the security is, at the time of acquisition, readily marketable. Illiquid securities are those that cannot be disposed of within seven days in the ordinary course of business at

 

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approximately the amount at which the Fund has valued the securities. Illiquid and restricted securities may offer higher returns and yields than comparable publicly-traded securities. However, the Fund may not be able to sell these securities when the Adviser considers it desirable to do so or, to the extent they are sold privately, may have to sell them at less than the price of otherwise comparable securities. Restricted securities may be illiquid; however, some restricted securities such as those eligible for resale under Rule 144A under the Securities Act may be treated as liquid.

Leveraged Investment Techniques and Short Positions. Subject to applicable regulations, the Fund may borrow for investment purposes and for temporary, extraordinary or emergency purposes. To the extent the Fund borrows money from a bank, it may be required to post cash and/or securities as collateral to cover the loan until such time as it is repaid.

A fund that employs leverage or utilizes shorting in its investment strategy may have a market exposure which can range from 150% net long to 50% net short. Such extremes however, will be uncommon. Examples of leveraged investment techniques include: (i) borrowing up to one third of the Fund’s total assets to purchase additional securities for the Fund; and (ii) buying ETFs, closed-end funds or mutual funds (“Underlying Funds”) that are designed to have market exposure that may be inverse to a particular index or that is several times the market exposure of a particular index. The Fund may, to a limited extent, increase the number and extent of “long” positions by borrowing (e.g., by purchasing securities on margin). The Fund may take a “short position” where the portfolio manager believes that the price of a security or value of an index will decline. The Fund may “short” a particular security by selling the security without owning it at the time of the sale, with the intent of later purchasing the security at a lower price. If the price of the security goes down, the short position will be profitable to the Fund. Conversely, if the price rises the short position will be unprofitable to the Fund. The Fund may also gain short exposure to an index by buying an Underlying Fund that has an inverse exposure to the index.

Micro, Small and Mid-Cap Investments. The Fund may invest in companies of any market capitalization, including those with micro, small or medium capitalizations.

Net Asset Value Fluctuation. When prevailing interest rates decline, the value of a portfolio invested in fixed rate obligations can be expected to rise. Conversely, when prevailing interest rates rise, the value of a portfolio invested in fixed rate obligations can be expected to decline. Although the Fund’s NAV will vary, its policy of acquiring interests in floating or variable rate investments is expected to minimize fluctuations in NAV as a result of changes in interest rates. Accordingly, it may be expected that the value of the Fund’s investment portfolio will fluctuate significantly less than a portfolio of fixed rate, longer term obligations as a result of interest rate changes. However, changes in prevailing interest rates can be expected to cause some fluctuation in the Fund’s NAV. In addition to changes in interest rates, various factors, including defaults by or changes in the credit quality of Borrowers, will also affect the NAV of the Fund. A default or serious deterioration in the credit quality of a Borrower could cause a prolonged or permanent decrease in the Fund’s NAV.

Non-U.S. Securities and Emerging Markets. The Fund may invest in securities of non-U.S. issuers (“non-U.S. securities”), including investments in the securities of so-called emerging market issuers. Such investment may include securities denominated in U.S. dollars, non-U.S. currencies or multinational currency units. For purposes of determining whether securities held by the Fund are securities of a non-U.S. issuer, a company is considered to be a non-U.S. issuer if the company’s securities principally trade on a market outside the United States, the company derives a majority of its revenues or profits outside the United States, the company is not organized in the United States, or the company is significantly exposed to the economic fortunes and risks of regions outside the United States. Non-U.S. securities may trade in U.S. or foreign securities markets. The Fund may make non-U.S. investments either directly by purchasing non-U.S. securities or indirectly by purchasing depositary receipts or depositary shares of similar instruments for non-U.S. securities. Depositary receipts are securities that are listed on exchanges or quoted in over-the-counter markets (“OTC”) in one country but represent shares of issuers domiciled in another country. Direct investments in foreign securities may be made either on foreign securities exchanges or in the OTC markets. Investing in non-U.S. securities involves certain special risk considerations, including currency risk, that are not typically associated with investing in securities of U.S. companies or governments. These risks may be greater for securities of companies located in emerging market countries.

Options. The Fund may utilize options on securities, indices and currencies. An option on a security is a contract that gives the holder of the option, in return for a premium, the right to buy from (in the case of a call) or sell to (in the case of a put) the writer of the option the security underlying the option at a specified exercise or “strike” price. The writer of an option on a security has the obligation upon exercise of the option to deliver the underlying security upon payment of the exercise price or to pay the exercise price upon delivery of the underlying security. If an option written by the Fund expires unexercised, the Fund realizes on the expiration date a gain equal to the premium received by the Fund at the time the option was written. If an option purchased by the Fund expires unexercised, the Fund realizes a loss equal to the premium paid. Prior to the earlier of exercise or expiration, an exchange-traded option may be closed out by an offsetting purchase or sale of an option of the same series (type, underlying security, exercise price and expiration). There can be no assurance, however, that a closing purchase or sale transaction can be effected when the Fund desires. The Fund realizes an economic loss from a closing sale transaction if the premium received from the sale of the option is less than the premium it initially paid to purchase the option (plus transaction costs). The Fund realizes an economic loss from a closing purchase transaction if the cost of the closing purchase transaction (premium plus transaction costs) is greater than the premium initially received from writing the option.

 

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Portfolio Turnover. The Fund’s rate of portfolio turnover will not be a limiting factor for the Adviser in making decisions on when to buy or sell securities. The Fund reserves full freedom with respect to portfolio turnover. The frequency of the Fund’s trading will vary from year to year, depending on market conditions. In periods when there are rapid changes in economic conditions or security price levels, portfolio turnover may be significantly higher than during times of economic and market price stability. The Fund’s portfolio turnover rate may exceed 100% per year, and under certain market conditions may be substantially higher. A 100% annual turnover rate would occur, for example, if all the securities in the Fund’s portfolio were replaced once within a period of one year.

Securities Lending. The Fund may make secured loans of its portfolio securities amounting to not more than 30% of its total assets, thereby realizing additional income. As a matter of policy, securities loans are made to borrowers pursuant to agreements requiring that the loans be continuously secured by collateral in cash (U.S. and foreign currency), securities issued or guaranteed by the U.S. government or its agencies or instrumentalities, sovereign debt, convertible bonds, irrevocable bank letters of credit or such other collateral as may be agreed on by the parties to a securities lending arrangement, initially with a value of 102% or 105% of the market value of the loaned securities and thereafter maintained at a value of 100% of the market value of the loaned securities. Collateral must be valued daily by the Custodian and the borrower will be required to provide additional collateral should the market value of the loaned securities increase.

Senior Loans. The Fund may invest in Senior Loans. Senior Loans generally are arranged through private negotiations between a Borrower and Lenders represented in each case by one or more Agents of the several Lenders. On behalf of the several Lenders, the Agent, which is frequently a commercial bank or other entity that originates the Senior Loan and the person that invites other parties to join the lending syndicate, will be primarily responsible for negotiating the Loan Agreement that establishes the relative terms, conditions and rights of the Borrower and the several Lenders. In larger transactions it is common to have several Agents; however, generally only one such Agent has primary responsibility for documentation and administration of a Senior Loan.

In a typical Senior Loan, the Agent administers the terms of the Loan Agreement and is responsible for the collection of principal and interest and fee payments from the Borrower and the apportionment of those payments to the credit of all Lenders that are parties to the Loan Agreement. The Fund generally will rely on the Agent to collect its portion of the payments on a Senior Loan. Furthermore, the Fund will rely on the Agent to use appropriate creditor remedies against the Borrower. Typically, under a Loan Agreement, the Agent is given broad discretion in monitoring the Borrower’s performance under the Loan Agreement and is obligated to use only the same care it would use in the management of its own property. Upon an event of default, the Agent typically will act to enforce the Loan Agreement after instruction from Lenders holding a majority of the Senior Loan. The Borrower compensates the Agent for the Agent’s services. This compensation may include special fees paid on structuring and funding the Senior Loan and other fees paid on a continuing basis. The practice of an Agent relying exclusively or primarily on reports from the Borrower may involve a risk of fraud by the Borrower.

Loan Agreements typically provide for the termination of the Agent’s agency status in the event that it fails to act as required under the relevant Loan Agreement, becomes insolvent, enters receivership of the Federal Deposit Insurance Corporation (“FDIC”), or, if not FDIC insured, enters into bankruptcy. Should an Agent, Lender or any other institution interpositioned between the Fund and the Borrower become insolvent or enter FDIC receivership or bankruptcy, any interest in the Senior Loan of any such interpositioned institution and any loan payment held by any such interpositioned institution for the benefit of such Fund should not be included in the estate of such interpositioned institution. If, however, any such amount were included in such interpositioned institution’s estate, the Fund would incur costs and delays in realizing payment or could suffer a loss of principal or interest. In such event, the Fund could experience a decrease in NAV.

It is anticipated that the proceeds of the Senior Loans in which the Fund will acquire interests primarily will be used to finance leveraged buyouts, recapitalizations, mergers, acquisitions, stock repurchases, and, to a lesser extent, to finance internal growth and for other corporate purposes of Borrowers. Senior Loans have the most senior position in a Borrower’s capital structure, although some Senior Loans may hold an equal ranking with other senior securities and certain other obligations of the Borrower. The capital structure of a Borrower may include Senior Loans, senior and junior subordinated debt securities (which may include “junk” securities) and preferred and common stock issued by the Borrower, typically in descending order of seniority with respect to claims on the Borrower’s assets. Senior and junior subordinated debt is collectively referred to in this Prospectus as “junior debt securities.”

Senior Loans generally are secured by specific collateral. The Fund may also invest in Senior Loans that are not secured by any collateral and, to the extent that such Fund invests a portion of its assets in Senior Loans that are not secured by specific collateral, the Fund will not enjoy the benefits associated with collateralization with respect to such Senior Loans. Such Senior Loans may pose a greater risk of nonpayment of interest or loss of principal than do collateralized Senior Loans. As discussed below, the Fund may also acquire warrants, equity securities and junior debt securities issued by the Borrower or its affiliates as part of a package of investments in the Borrower or its affiliates. The Fund may acquire interests in warrants, other equity securities or junior debt securities through a negotiated restructuring of a Senior Loan or in a bankruptcy proceeding of the Borrower.

 

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In order to borrow money pursuant to a collateralized Senior Loan, a Borrower will typically, for the term of the Senior Loan, pledge assets as collateral. In addition, in the case of some Senior Loans, there may be additional collateral pledged in the form of guarantees by and/or securities of affiliates of the Borrowers. In some instances, a collateralized Senior Loan may be secured only by stock in the Borrower or its subsidiaries. Collateral may consist of assets that are not readily liquidated, and there is no assurance that the liquidation of such assets would fully satisfy a Borrower’s obligations under a Senior Loan. Similarly, in the event of bankruptcy proceedings involving the Borrower, the Lenders may be delayed or prevented from liquidating collateral or may choose not to do so as part of their participation in a plan of reorganization of the Borrower. Senior Loans’ higher standing in an issuer’s capital structure has historically resulted in generally higher recoveries than other below investment grade securities in the event of a corporate reorganization or other restructuring, but there can be no assurance that this will be the case with respect to any particular Senior Loan.

Loan Agreements may also include various restrictive covenants designed to limit the activities of the Borrower in an effort to protect the right of the Lenders to receive timely payments of interest on and repayment of principal of the Senior Loans. Breach of such a covenant, if not waived by the Lenders, is generally an event of default under the applicable Loan Agreement and may give the Lenders the right to accelerate principal and interest payments. The Adviser will consider the terms of restrictive covenants in deciding whether to invest in Senior Loans for the Fund’s investment portfolio. When the Fund holds a Participation in a Senior Loan, it may not have the right to vote to waive enforcement of a restrictive covenant breached by a Borrower. Lenders voting in connection with a potential waiver of a restrictive covenant may have interests different from those of the Fund, and such Lenders will not consider the interests of such Fund in connection with their votes.

Senior Loans in which the Fund will invest generally pay interest at rates that are periodically redetermined by reference to a base lending rate plus a premium. These base lending rates generally are the London Interbank Offered Rate (“LIBOR”), the prime rate offered by one or more major United States banks (“Prime Rate”) or the certificate of deposit (“CD”) rate or other base lending rates used by commercial Lenders. LIBOR generally is an average of the interest rates quoted by several designated banks as the rates at which such banks would offer to pay interest to major financial institution depositors in the London interbank market on U.S. dollar denominated deposits for a specified period of time. The CD rate generally is the average rate paid on large certificates of deposit traded in the secondary market. Senior Loans traditionally have been structured so that Borrowers pay higher premiums when they elect LIBOR, in order to permit Lenders to obtain generally consistent yields on Senior Loans, regardless of whether Borrowers select the LIBOR option or the Prime Rate option. Because their interest rates are adjusted for changes in short-term interest rates, Senior Loans generally have less interest rate risk than other high yield investments, which typically pay fixed rates of interest.

The Fund may invest in Participations in Senior Loans, may purchase Assignments of portions of Senior Loans from third parties and may act as one of the group of Primary Lenders.

Short Sales. The Fund may seek to hedge investments or realize additional gains through short sales. A short sale is a transaction in which the Fund sells a security it does not own in anticipation that the market price of that security will decline. When the Fund makes a short sale, it must borrow the security sold short from a broker-dealer and deliver it to the buyer upon conclusion of the sale. The Fund will ordinarily have to pay a fee to borrow a security and is often obligated to repay the lender of the security any dividend or interest that accrues on the security during the period of the loan. If the price of the security sold short increases between the time of the short sale and the time the Fund replaces the borrowed security, the Fund will incur a loss.

The Fund may sell a security short if it owns at least an equal amount of the security sold short or another security convertible or exchangeable for an equal amount of the security sold short without payment of further compensation (a short sale “against-the-box”). The Fund also may engage in short sales that are not “against-the-box,” and will be subject to additional risks to the extent that it engages in short sales that are not “against-the-box.” The Fund’s loss on a short sale could be unlimited in cases where the Fund is unable, for whatever reason, to close out its short position. See “Taxation” below for special tax considerations associated with engaging in short sales.

Undervalued Stocks. A stock is considered undervalued if the Adviser believes it should be trading at a higher price than it is at the time of purchase. Factors considered may include, but are not limited to: price relative to earnings, price relative to cash flow and price relative to financial strength.

Additional Information. The foregoing percentage limitations in the Fund’s investment strategies apply at the time of purchase of securities, except that the limit on borrowing described in the Statement of Additional Information is applied on a continual basis. The Board of Trustees may change any of the foregoing investment policies, including the Fund’s investment objective without shareholder approval.

 

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USE OF LEVERAGE

As provided in the 1940 Act and subject to certain exceptions, the Fund may issue debt or preferred shares with the condition that immediately after issuance the value of its total assets, less ordinary course liabilities, exceeds 300% of the amount of the debt outstanding and exceeds 200% of the sum of the amount of debt and preferred shares outstanding.

Thus, the Fund may use leverage in the form of borrowings in an amount up to 33 1/3% of the Fund’s total assets (including the proceeds of such leverage) and may use leverage in the form of preferred shares in an amount up to 50% of the Fund’s total assets (including the proceeds of such leverage). The total leverage of the Fund is generally expected to range between 25% and 33% of the Fund’s total assets. The Fund seeks a leverage ratio, based on a variety of factors including market conditions and the Adviser’s market outlook, where the rate of return, net of applicable Fund expenses, on the Fund’s portfolio investments purchased with leverage exceeds the costs associated with such leverage.

The Fund, as of [XXX], 2019, was leveraged through borrowings under a lending agreement with BNP Paribas Prime, acting through its New York Branch (“BNP”). As of [XXX], 2019, the Fund had drawn $[138,725,439] under the agreement, or approximately [24.90]% of the Fund’s total assets.

Following the completion of an Offering, the Fund may increase the amount of leverage outstanding. The Fund may engage in additional borrowings, issue notes, or issue preferred shares in order to maintain the Fund’s desired leverage ratio. While the Fund has no present intention to issue preferred shares within the next twelve months, if an attractive preferred shares financing opportunity were to come to the Fund’s attention during that period, the Fund may consider that opportunity. Leverage creates a greater risk of loss, as well as a potential for more gain, for the common shares than if leverage were not used. Interest on borrowings (or dividends on preferred shares) may be at a fixed or floating rate and generally will be based on short term rates. The costs associated with the Fund’s use of leverage, including the issuance of such leverage and the payment of dividends or interest on such leverage, will be borne entirely by the holders of common shares. As long as the rate of return, net of applicable Fund expenses, on the Fund’s portfolio investments purchased with leverage exceeds the costs associated with such leverage, the Fund will generate more return or income than will be needed to pay such costs. In this event, the excess will be available to pay higher dividends to holders of common shares. Conversely, if the Fund’s return on such assets is less than the cost of leverage and other Fund expenses, the return to the holders of the common shares will diminish. To the extent that the Fund uses leverage, the net asset value and market price of the common shares and the yield to holders of common shares will be more volatile. The Fund’s leveraging strategy may not be successful. See “Principal Risks of the Fund — Leverage Risk.”

Assuming the utilization of leverage in the amount of 30% of the Fund’s total assets and an annual interest rate of [3.23]% payable on such leverage based on market rates as of [XXX], 2019, the additional income that the Fund must earn (net of expenses) in order to cover such leverage is [1.31]% of NAV. Actual costs of leverage may be higher or lower than that assumed in the previous example.

The following table is designed to illustrate the effect on the return to a holder of the Fund’s common shares of leverage in the amount of approximately 30% of the Fund’s total assets, assuming hypothetical annual returns of the Fund’s investment portfolio of minus 10% to plus 10%. As the table shows, leverage generally increases the return to holders of common shares when portfolio return is positive and greater than the cost of leverage and decreases the return when the portfolio return is negative or less than the cost of leverage. The figures appearing in the table are hypothetical and actual returns may be greater or less than those appearing in the table.

 

Assumed return on portfolio (net of expenses)

     -10     -5     0     5     10

Corresponding return to common stockholder

     -15.7     -8.5     -1.34     5.8     12.9

PRINCIPAL RISKS OF THE FUND

Like all funds, investing in the Fund involves risk factors and special considerations. The Fund’s risk is defined primarily by its principal investment strategies, along with descriptions of the Fund’s related risks. This section discusses the risk factors associated with an investment in the Fund specifically, as well as those factors generally associated with an investment in a company with investment objectives, investment policies, capital structure or trading markets similar to the Fund. Investments in the Fund are not insured against loss of principal. As with any closed-end fund, there can be no assurance that the Fund will achieve its investment objectives. Investing in shares of the Fund should not be considered a complete investment program.

One of your most important investment considerations should be balancing risk and return. Different types of investments tend to respond differently to shifts in the economic and financial environment. Diversifying your investments among different asset classes — such as stocks, bonds and cash — and within an asset class — such as small-cap and large-cap stocks — may help you to manage risk and achieve the results you need to reach your financial goals.

 

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The following includes additional information regarding the Fund’s risks that are summarized in the “Principal Risks” for the Fund. Factors that may affect the Fund’s portfolio as a whole are called “principal risks.” Any risks that are discussed below and not included in the “Principal Risks” for the Fund are not considered by the Fund to be principal risks. This summary describes the nature of principal risks and certain additional risks, but is not intended to include every potential risk. The Fund could be subject to additional risks because the types of investments it makes may change over time. The SAI, which is incorporated by reference into this Prospectus, includes more information about the Fund and its investments. The Fund is not intended to be a complete investment program.

Focused Investment Risk: Funds whose investments are focused in particular countries, regions, sectors, companies, or industries with high positive correlations to one another (e.g., different industries within broad sectors, such as technology or financial services), or in securities from issuers with high positive correlations to one another, are subject to greater overall risk than funds whose investments are more diversified. The Fund that focuses its investments in a particular type of security or sector, or in securities of companies in a particular industry, is vulnerable to events affecting those securities, sectors, or companies. Securities, sectors, or companies that share common characteristics are often subject to similar business risks and regulatory burdens, and often react similarly to specific economic, market, political or other developments.

Illiquid and Restricted Securities Risk: Illiquid investments may be difficult to resell at approximately the price they are valued in the ordinary course of business within seven days. When investments cannot be sold readily at the desired time or price, the Fund may have to accept a much lower price, may not be able to sell the investment at all or may be forced to forego other investment opportunities, all of which may adversely impact the Fund’s returns. Illiquid investments also may be subject to valuation risk. Restricted securities (including Rule 144A securities) may be subject to legal restraints on resale and, therefore, are typically less liquid than other securities. The prices received from selling restricted securities in privately negotiated transactions may be less than those originally paid by the Fund. Investors in restricted securities may not benefit from the same investor protections as publicly traded securities.

Allocation Risk: The Adviser may not allocate assets of the Fund among strategies, asset classes or investment management styles in an optimal manner, if, among other reasons, it does not correctly assess the attractiveness of a strategy, asset class or investment style.

Asset-Backed Securities Risk: Because asset-backed securities often are secured by the loans underlying the securities, the Fund may lose money if there are defaults on the loans underlying the securities. Such defaults have increased the risk for asset-backed securities that are secured by home-equity loans related to sub-prime mortgage loans, especially in a declining residential real estate market. Asset-backed securities also may be subject to more rapid repayment than their stated maturity dates indicate, due to changing economic conditions. To maintain its position in such securities, the Fund may reinvest the reductions in principal amounts resulting from the prepayments. Yields on those reinvested amounts are subject to prevailing market rates. Because prepayments of principal generally increase when rates are falling, the Fund generally has to reinvest proceeds from prepayments at lower rates. Investments in asset-backed securities may also be subject to valuation risk.

Commodity Exposure Risk: Commodity prices can be extremely volatile and are affected by many factors, including changes in overall market movements, real or perceived inflationary trends, commodity index volatility, changes in interest rates or currency exchange rates, population growth and changing demographics, nationalization, expropriation, or other confiscation, international regulatory, political and economic developments (e.g., regime changes and changes in economic activity levels), and developments affecting a particular industry or commodity, such as drought, floods or other weather conditions, livestock disease, trade embargoes, competition from substitute products, transportation bottlenecks or shortages, fluctuations in supply and demand and tariffs. Certain of the Fund’s commodities-linked investments may be limited by tax considerations, including the Fund’s intention to qualify annually as a RIC under the Code. See “Taxation” below.

Counterparty Risk: The Fund may engage in transactions in securities and financial instruments that involve counterparties. Counterparty risk is the risk that a counterparty (the other party to a transaction or an agreement or the party with whom the Fund executes transactions) to a transaction with the Fund may be unable or unwilling to make timely principal, interest or settlement payments, or otherwise honor its obligations. In an attempt to limit the counterparty risk associated with such transactions, the Fund conducts business only with financial institutions judged by the Adviser to present acceptable credit risk. For example, repurchase agreements are loans of money or arrangements under which the Fund purchases securities and the seller agrees to repurchase the securities within a specific time and at a specific price. The repurchase price is generally higher than the Fund’s purchase price, with the difference being income to the Fund. The counterparty’s obligations under the repurchase agreement are collateralized with U.S. Treasury and/or agency obligations with a market value of not less than 100% of the obligations, valued daily. Collateral is held by the Fund’s custodian in a segregated, safekeeping account for the benefit of the Fund. Repurchase agreements afford the Fund an opportunity to earn income at low risk on temporarily available cash. If bankruptcy or insolvency proceedings commence with respect to the seller of the securities before repurchase of the securities under a repurchase agreement, the Fund may encounter delays and incur costs before being able to sell the securities. Such a delay may involve loss of interest or a decline in price of the securities. If a court characterizes the transaction as a loan and the Fund has not perfected a security interest in the securities, the Fund may be required to return the securities to the seller’s estate and be treated as an unsecured creditor of the seller. As an unsecured creditor, the Fund would be at risk of losing some or all of the principal and interest involved in the transaction.

 

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Credit Risk: The value of debt securities owned by the Fund may be affected by the ability of issuers to make principal and interest payments and by the issuer’s or counterparty’s credit quality. If an issuer cannot meet its payment obligations or if its credit rating is lowered, the value of its debt securities may decline. Lower quality bonds are generally more sensitive to these changes than higher quality bonds. Even within securities considered investment grade, differences exist in credit quality and some investment-grade debt securities may have speculative characteristics. A security’s price may be adversely affected by the market’s perception of the security’s credit quality level even if the issuer or counterparty has suffered no degradation in its ability to honor the obligation.

Credit risk varies depending upon whether the issuers of the securities are corporations or domestic or foreign governments or their sub-divisions or instrumentalities and whether the particular note or other instrument held by the Fund has a priority in payment of principal and interest. U.S. government securities are subject to varying degrees of credit risk depending upon whether the securities are supported by the full faith and credit of the United States, supported by the ability to borrow from the U.S. Treasury, supported only by the credit of the issuing U.S. government agency, instrumentality, or corporation, or otherwise supported by the United States. Obligations issued by U.S. government agencies, authorities, instrumentalities or sponsored enterprises, such as Government National Mortgage Association, are backed by the full faith and credit of the U.S. Treasury, while obligations issued by others, such as Federal National Mortgage Association (FNMA), Federal Home Loan Mortgage Corporation (Freddie Mac) and Federal Home Loan Banks (FHLBs), are backed solely by the ability of the entity to borrow from the U.S. Treasury or by the entity’s own resources. No assurance can be given that the U.S. government would provide financial support to U.S. government agencies, authorities, instrumentalities or sponsored enterprises if it is not obligated to do so by law.

Currency Risk: A portion of the Fund’s assets may be quoted or denominated in non-U.S. currencies. These securities may be adversely affected by fluctuations in the relative currency exchange rates and by exchange control regulations. The Fund’s investment performance may be negatively affected by a devaluation of a currency in which the Fund’s investments are quoted or denominated. Further, the Fund’s investment performance may be significantly affected, either positively or negatively, by currency exchange rates because the U.S. dollar value of securities quoted or denominated in another currency will increase or decrease in response to changes in the value of such currency in relation to the U.S. dollar.

Debt Securities Risk: The value of a debt security (and other income-producing securities, such as preferred stocks, convertible preferred stocks, equity-linked notes, and interests in income-producing trusts) changes in response to interest rate changes. In general, the value of a debt security is likely to fall as interest rates rise. This risk is generally greater for obligations with longer maturities or for debt securities that do not pay current interest (such as zero-coupon securities). Debt securities with floating interest rates can be less sensitive to interest rate changes, although, to the extent the Fund’s income is based on short-term interest rates that fluctuate over short periods of time, income received by the Fund may decrease as a result of a decline in interest rates. In addition, the interest rates of floating rate loans typically only adjust to changes in short-term interest rates; long-term interest rates can vary dramatically from short term interest rates. In response to an interest rate decline, debt securities that provide the issuer with the right to call or redeem the security prior to maturity may be called or redeemed. If a debt security is repaid more quickly than expected, the Fund may not be able to reinvest the proceeds at the same interest rate, reducing the potential for gain. When interest rates increase or for other reasons, debt securities may be repaid more slowly than expected. As a result, the maturity of the debt instrument is extended, increasing the potential for loss. As of the date of this Prospectus, market interest rates in the United States are at or near historic lows, which may increase the Fund’s exposure to risks associated with rising market interest rates. Rising market interest rates could have unpredictable effects on the markets and may expose fixed-income and related markets to heightened volatility, which could reduce liquidity for certain investments, adversely affect values, and increase costs. If dealer capacity in fixed-income and related markets is insufficient for market conditions, it may further inhibit liquidity and increase volatility in the fixed-income and related markets. Further, recent and potential future changes in government policy may affect interest rates.

The value of a debt security also depends on the issuer’s credit quality or ability to pay principal and interest when due. The value of a debt security is likely to fall if an issuer or the guarantor of a security is unable or unwilling (or perceived to be unable or unwilling) to make timely principal and/or interest payments or otherwise to honor its obligations, or if the debt security’s rating is downgraded by a credit rating agency. The obligations of issuers (and obligors of asset-backed securities) are subject to bankruptcy, insolvency, and other laws affecting the rights and remedies of creditors. The value of a debt security can also decline in response to other changes in market, economic, industry, political, and regulatory conditions that affect a particular type of debt security or issuer or debt securities generally. The values of many debt securities may fall in response to a general increase in investor risk aversion or a decline in the confidence of investors generally in the ability of issuers to meet their obligations.

 

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Senior loans are subject to the same risks typically associated with debt securities. In addition, senior loans, which typically hold a senior position in the capital structure of a borrower, are subject to the risk that a court could subordinate such loans to presently existing or future indebtedness or take other action detrimental to the holders of senior loans. Senior loans are also especially subject to the risk that the value of the collateral, if any, securing a loan may decline, be insufficient to meet the obligations of the borrower, or be difficult to liquidate.

Derivatives Risk: The Fund may invest in derivatives, which are financial contracts whose value depends on, or is derived from, the value of underlying assets, reference rates, or indices. Derivatives Risk is a combination of several risks, including the risks that: (1) an investment in a derivative instrument may not correlate well with the performance of the securities or asset class to which the Fund seeks exposure, (2) derivative contracts, including options, may expire worthless and the use of derivatives may result in losses to the Fund, (3) a derivative instrument entailing leverage may result in a loss greater than the principal amount invested, (4) derivatives not traded on an exchange may be subject to credit risk, for example, if the counterparty does not meet its obligations (see also “Counterparty Risk”), and (5) derivatives not traded on an exchange may be subject to liquidity risk and the related risk that the instrument is difficult or impossible to value accurately. Derivatives involve the risk that changes in their value may not move as expected relative to the value of the assets, rates, or indices they are designed to track. Derivatives include futures, non-U.S. currency contracts, swap contracts, warrants, and options contracts. Derivatives may relate to securities, interest rates, currencies or currency exchange rates, inflation rates, commodities, and indices.

As a general matter, when the Fund establishes certain derivative instrument positions, such as certain futures, options and forward contract positions, it will segregate liquid assets (such as cash, U.S. Treasury bonds or commercial paper) equivalent to the Fund’s outstanding obligations under the contract or in connection with the position. In addition, changes in laws or regulations may make the use of derivatives more costly, may limit the availability of derivatives, or may otherwise adversely affect the use, value or performance of derivatives. There are several risks associated with derivatives transactions. The use of derivatives involves risks that are in addition to, and potentially greater than, the risks of investing directly in securities and other more traditional assets. A decision as to whether, when and how to use derivatives involves the exercise of skill and judgment, and even a well-conceived transaction may be unsuccessful to some degree because of market behavior or unexpected events. The use of derivative transactions may result in losses greater than if they had not been used, may require the Fund to sell or purchase portfolio securities at inopportune times or for prices other than current market values, may limit the amount of appreciation the Fund can realize on an investment or may cause the Fund to hold a security that it might otherwise sell. The Fund may enter into credit derivatives, such as credit default swaps and credit default index investments, including loan credit default swaps and loan credit default index swaps. The use by the Fund of credit default swaps may have the effect of creating a short position in a security. These investments can create investment leverage and may create additional investment risks that may subject the Fund to greater volatility than investments in more traditional securities. Derivative contracts may expire worthless.

The Fund may invest in derivatives with a limited number of counterparties, and events affecting the creditworthiness of any of those counterparties may have a pronounced effect on the Fund. Derivatives risk is particularly acute in environments (like those of 2008) in which financial services firms are exposed to systemic risks of the type evidenced by the insolvency of Lehman Brothers and subsequent market disruptions. In addition, during those periods, the Fund may have a greater need for cash to provide collateral for large swings in its mark-to-market obligations under the derivatives in which it has invested.

The Fund’s use of derivatives may not be effective or have the desired results. Moreover, suitable derivatives will not be available in all circumstances. For example, the economic costs of taking some derivative positions may be prohibitive, and if a counterparty or its affiliate is deemed to be an affiliate of the Fund, the Fund will not be permitted to trade with that counterparty. In addition, the Adviser may decide not to use derivatives to hedge or otherwise reduce the Fund’s risk exposures, potentially resulting in losses for the Fund.

Swap contracts and other OTC derivatives are highly susceptible to liquidity risk (see “Illiquid and Restricted Securities Risk”) and counterparty risk (see “Counterparty Risk”), and are subject to documentation risks. Because many derivatives have a leverage component (i.e., a notional value in excess of the assets needed to establish and/or maintain the derivative position), adverse changes in the value or level of the underlying asset, rate or index may result in a loss substantially greater than the amount invested in the derivative itself. See “Leverage Risk” below.

Derivatives also present other risks described in this section, including securities market risk, illiquid and restricted securities risk, currency risk, credit risk, and counterparty risk. Special tax considerations apply to the Fund’s use of derivatives. See the “Taxation” section below.

As a general matter, when the Fund establishes certain derivative instrument positions, such as certain futures, options and forward contract positions, it will segregate liquid assets (such as cash, U.S. Treasury bonds or commercial paper) equivalent to the Fund’s outstanding obligations under the contract or in connection with the position.

 

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Under recently adopted rules and regulations, transactions in some types of swaps (including interest rate swaps and credit default swaps on North American and European indices) are required to be centrally cleared. In a transaction involving those swaps (“cleared derivatives”), the Fund’s counterparty is a clearing house, rather than a bank or broker. Since the Fund is not a member of clearing houses and only members of a clearing house (“clearing members”) can participate directly in the clearing house, the Fund will hold cleared derivatives through accounts at clearing members. In cleared derivatives transactions, the Fund will make payments (including margin payments) to and receive payments from a clearing house through their accounts at clearing members. Clearing members guarantee performance of their clients’ obligations to the clearing house.

In many ways, cleared derivative arrangements are less favorable to mutual funds than bilateral arrangements. For example, the Fund may be required to provide more margin for cleared derivatives transactions than for bilateral derivatives transactions. Also, in contrast to a bilateral derivatives transaction, following a period of notice to the Fund, a clearing member generally can require termination of an existing cleared derivatives transaction at any time or an increase in margin requirements above the margin that the clearing member required at the beginning of a transaction. Clearing houses also have broad rights to increase margin requirements for existing transactions or to terminate those transactions at any time. Any increase in margin requirements or termination of existing cleared derivatives transactions by the clearing member or the clearing house could interfere with the ability of the Fund to pursue its investment strategy. Further, any increase in margin requirements by a clearing member could expose the Fund to greater credit risk to its clearing member, because margin for cleared derivatives transactions in excess of a clearing house’s margin requirements typically is held by the clearing member. Also, the Fund is subject to risk if it enters into a derivatives transaction that is required to be cleared (or that the Adviser expects to be cleared), and no clearing member is willing or able to clear the transaction on the Fund’s behalf. In those cases, the transaction might have to be terminated, and the Fund could lose some or all of the benefit of the transaction, including loss of an increase in the value of the transaction and/or loss of hedging protection. In addition, the documentation governing the relationship between the Fund and clearing members is drafted by the clearing members and generally is less favorable to the Fund than typical bilateral derivatives documentation. For example, documentation relating to cleared derivatives generally includes a one-way indemnity by the Fund in favor of the clearing member for losses the clearing member incurs as the Fund’s clearing member and typically does not provide the Fund any remedies if the clearing member defaults or becomes insolvent. While futures contracts entail similar risks, the risks likely are more pronounced for cleared swaps due to their more limited liquidity and market history.

Some types of cleared derivatives are required to be executed on an exchange or on a swap execution facility. A swap execution facility is a trading platform where multiple market participants can execute derivatives by accepting bids and offers made by multiple other participants in the platform. While this execution requirement is designed to increase transparency and liquidity in the cleared derivatives market, trading on a swap execution facility can create additional costs and risks for the Fund. For example, swap execution facilities typically charge fees, and if the Fund executes derivatives on a swap execution facility through a broker intermediary, the intermediary may impose fees as well. Also, the Fund may indemnify a swap execution facility, or a broker intermediary who executes cleared derivatives on a swap execution facility on the Fund’s behalf, against any losses or costs that may be incurred as a result of the Fund’s transactions on the swap execution facility.

These and other new rules and regulations could, among other things, further restrict the Fund’s ability to engage in, or increase the cost to the Fund of, derivatives transactions, for example, by making some types of derivatives no longer available to the Fund, increasing margin or capital requirements, or otherwise limiting liquidity or increasing transaction costs. These regulations are new and evolving, so their potential impact on the Fund and the financial system are not yet known. While the new regulations and central clearing of some derivatives transactions are designed to reduce systemic risk (i.e., the risk that the interdependence of large derivatives dealers could cause them to suffer liquidity, solvency or other challenges simultaneously), there is no assurance that the new clearing mechanisms will achieve that result, and in the meantime, as noted above, central clearing and related requirements expose the Fund to new kinds of risks and costs. In addition, the SEC recently proposed a rule under the 1940 Act regulating the use by registered investment companies of derivatives and many related instruments. That rule, if adopted as proposed, could, among other things, restrict the Fund’s ability to engage in derivatives transactions or so increase the cost of derivatives transactions that the Fund would be unable to implement its investment strategy.

Distressed and Defaulted Securities Risk: The Fund may invest in the securities of financially distressed and bankrupt issuers, including debt obligations that are in covenant or payment default. Such investments generally trade significantly below par and are considered speculative. The repayment of defaulted obligations is subject to significant uncertainties. Defaulted obligations might be repaid only after lengthy workout or bankruptcy proceedings, during which the issuer might not make any interest or other payments. Typically such workout or bankruptcy proceedings result in only partial recovery of cash payments or an exchange of the defaulted obligation for other debt or equity securities of the issuer or its affiliates, which may in turn be illiquid or speculative.

 

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Energy Sector Risk: The Fund may be impacted by risks specific to the energy industry, including:

 

   

fluctuations in commodity prices, which could impact the value of commodities transported, processed, stored or distributed;

 

   

reduced volumes of natural gas or other energy commodities available for transporting, processing, storing or distributing, which could affect the profitability of the Fund’s investment in an issuer;

 

   

a sustained reduced demand for crude oil, natural gas and refined petroleum products, which could adversely affect revenues and cash flows, and could negatively impact the Fund’s investments in companies engaged in other methods of energy production which require relatively high oil and gas prices in order to be profitable;

 

   

depletion of the natural gas reserves or other commodities, which, if not replaced, could impact the ability of the Fund’s investment in an issuer to make distributions;

 

   

changes in the regulatory environment, which could adversely affect the profitability of the Fund’s investment in an issuer;

 

   

extreme weather and environmental hazards, which could impact the value of the Fund’s investment in an issuer; and

 

   

threats of terrorist attacks on energy assets, which could impact the market for the Fund’s investment in an issuer.

Equity Securities Risk: The market prices of equity securities owned by the Fund may go up or down, sometimes rapidly or unpredictably. The value of a security may decline for a number of reasons that may directly relate to the issuer, such as management performance, fundamental changes to the business, financial leverage, non-compliance with regulatory requirements and reduced demand for the issuer’s goods or services. The values of equity securities also may decline due to general market conditions that are not specifically related to a particular company, such as real or perceived adverse economic conditions, changes in the general outlook for corporate earnings, changes in interest or currency rates or adverse investor sentiment generally. Certain equity securities may decline in value even during periods when the prices of equity securities in general are rising, or may not perform as well as the market in general. In addition to these risks, preferred stock and convertible securities are also subject to the risk that issuers will not make payments on securities held by the Fund, which could result in losses to the Fund. The credit quality of preferred stock and convertible securities held by the Fund may be lowered if an issuer’s financial condition changes, leading to greater volatility in the price of the security. In addition, a company’s preferred stock generally pays dividends only after the company makes required payments to holders of its bonds and other debt. For this reason, the value of preferred stock will usually react more strongly than bonds and other debt to actual or perceived changes in the company’s financial condition or prospects. The market value of convertible securities also tends to fall when prevailing interest rates rise.

Event-Driven Investing Risk: Event-driven strategies analyze various transactions in order to predict a likely outcome and commit capital in a way that benefits from that outcome. Event driven strategies are broad in scope and employ a diverse set of securities including common and preferred stock, debt securities, warrants, stubs and derivatives. Appreciation in the value of such securities may be contingent upon the occurrence of certain events, such as a successful reorganization or merger. If the expected event does not occur, the Fund may incur a loss on the investments. There can be no assurance that any expected transaction will take place. Certain transactions are dependent on one or more factors to become effective, such as market conditions, which may lead to unexpected positive or negative changes in a company profile, shareholder approval, regulatory and various other third party constraints, changes in earnings or business lines or shareholder activism as well as many other factors. No assurance can be given that the transactions entered into will result in a profitable investment for the Fund and will not incur substantial losses.

Exchange-Traded Funds (“ETF”) Risk: The value of ETFs can be expected to increase and decrease in value in proportion to increases and decreases in the indices that they are designed to track. The volatility of different index tracking stocks can be expected to vary in proportion to the volatility of the particular index they track. ETFs are traded similarly to stocks of individual companies. Although an ETF is designed to provide investment performance corresponding to its index, it may not be able to exactly replicate the performance of its index because of its operating expenses and other factors.

Exchange-Traded Notes Risk: The Fund may invest in exchange traded notes (“ETNs”), which are debt securities with returns linked to a particular index. ETNs are typically linked to the performance of a commodities index that reflects the potential return on unleveraged investments in futures contracts of physical commodities, plus a specified rate of interest that could be earned on cash collateral. ETNs are subject to credit risk. The value of an ETN may vary and may be influenced by time to maturity, level of supply and demand for the ETN, volatility and lack of liquidity in underlying commodities markets or other relevant markets, changes in the applicable interest rates, changes in the issuer’s credit rating, and economic, legal, political, or geographic events that affect the referenced commodity or other reference asset. ETNs are also subject to the risk of being illiquid. When the Fund invests in ETNs it will bear its proportionate share of any fees and expenses borne by the ETN. There may be restrictions on the Fund’s right to redeem its investment in an ETN, which is meant to be held until maturity. The Fund’s decision to sell its ETN holdings may be limited by the unavailability of a secondary market. The tax rules are uncertain with respect to the treatment of income or gains arising in respect of ETNs. The Fund’s investments in commodities linked ETNs may be limited by these and other tax considerations, including, where applicable, the Fund’s intention to qualify annually as a RIC under the Code. See “Taxation” below.

 

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Fixed Income Market Risk: Fixed income securities markets may, in response to governmental intervention, economic or market developments (including potentially a reduction in the number of broker-dealers willing to engage in market-making activity), or other factors, experience periods of increased volatility and reduced liquidity. Fixed income securities may be difficult to value during such periods. In recent periods, governmental financial regulators, including the U.S. Federal Reserve, have taken steps to maintain historically low interest rates by purchasing bonds. Steps by those regulators to curtail or “taper” such activities could result in the effects described above, and could have a material adverse effect on prices for fixed income securities and on the management of the Fund.

Foreign Financial Institutions Risk: Obligations of foreign banks involve somewhat different investment risks than those affecting obligations of United States banks, including the possibilities that their liquidity could be impaired because of future political and economic developments, that their obligations may be less marketable than comparable obligations of United States banks, that foreign deposits may be seized or nationalized, and that foreign governmental restrictions such as exchange controls may be adopted which might adversely affect the payment of principal and interest on those obligations. These risks are in addition to other risks of foreign investments as described under “Non-U.S. Securities and Emerging and Developing Markets Risk” below. Foreign banks are not generally subject to examination by any United States Government agency or instrumentality; therefore, these institutions may pose a higher money laundering risk than U.S. financial institutions.

Hedging Risk: There are several risks in connection with the use by the Fund of futures contracts and related options as a hedging device. One risk arises because of the imperfect correlation between movements in the prices of the futures contracts and options and movements in the underlying securities or index or movements in the prices of the Fund’s securities which are the subject of a hedge. The Adviser will, however, attempt to reduce this risk by purchasing and selling, to the extent possible, futures contracts and related options on securities and indices the movements of which will, in its judgment, correlate closely with movements in the prices of the underlying securities or index and the Fund’s portfolio securities sought to be hedged. Successful use of futures contracts and options by the Fund for hedging purposes is also subject to the Adviser’s ability to predict correctly movements in the direction of the market. It is possible that, where the Fund has purchased puts on futures contracts to hedge its portfolio against a decline in the market, the securities or index on which the puts are purchased may increase in value and the value of securities held in the portfolio may decline. If this occurred, the Fund would lose money on the puts and also experience a decline in the value of its portfolio securities. In addition, the prices of futures, for a number of reasons, may not correlate perfectly with movements in the underlying securities or index due to certain market distortions. First, all participants in the futures market are subject to margin deposit requirements. Such requirements may cause investors to close futures contracts through offsetting transactions which could distort the normal relationship between the underlying security or index and futures markets. Second, the margin requirements in the futures markets are less onerous than margin requirements in the securities markets in general, and as a result the futures markets may attract more speculators than the securities markets do. Increased participation by speculators in the futures markets may also cause temporary price distortions. Due to the possibility of price distortion, even a correct forecast of general market trends by the Adviser still may not result in a successful hedging transaction over a very short time period. In addition, to maintain margin requirements, the Fund may have to sell portfolio securities at disadvantageous prices or times because it may not be possible to liquidate a position at a reasonable price. The earmarking of such assets also will have the effect of limiting the Fund’s ability otherwise to invest those assets. Special tax considerations apply to the Fund’s hedging transactions. See the “Taxation” section below.

High Yield Debt Securities Risk: Below investment grade securities (also known as “high-yield securities” or “junk securities”) may be fixed or variable rate obligations and are rated below investment grade (Ba/BB or lower) by a nationally recognized statistical rating organization or are unrated but deemed by the Adviser to be of comparable quality. Such securities should be considered speculative with respect to capacity to pay interest and repay principal in accordance with the terms of the obligation. High-yield debt securities are frequently issued by corporations in the growth stage of their development, but also may be issued by established companies. High-yield securities held by the Fund may include securities received as a result of a corporate reorganization or issued as part of a corporate takeover.

Below investment grade securities have greater credit and liquidity risk than more highly rated obligations and are generally unsecured and may be subordinate to other obligations of the obligor. The lower rating of high-yield securities reflects a greater possibility that adverse changes in the financial condition of the issuer or in general economic conditions (including, for example, a substantial period of rising interest rates or declining earnings) or both may impair the ability of the issuer to make payment of principal and interest. Many issuers of high-yield securities are highly leveraged and their relatively high debt to equity ratios create increased risks that their operations might not generate sufficient cash flow to service their obligations. Overall declines in the below investment grade bond market and other markets may adversely affect such issuers by inhibiting their ability to refinance their obligations at maturity. Investments in obligations of issuers that are generally trading at significantly higher yields than had been historically typical of the applicable issuer’s obligations may include debt obligations that have a heightened probability of being in covenant or payment default in the future. Such investments generally are considered speculative. The repayment of defaulted obligations is subject to significant uncertainties. Defaulted obligations might be repaid only after lengthy workout or bankruptcy proceedings, during which the issuer might not make any interest or other payments. Typically such workout or bankruptcy proceedings result in only partial recovery of cash payments or an exchange of the defaulted security for other debt or equity securities of the issuer or its affiliates, which may in turn be illiquid or speculative. High-yield securities will be subject to certain additional risks to the extent that such

 

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obligations may be unsecured and subordinated to substantial amounts of senior indebtedness, all or a significant portion of which may be secured. Moreover, such obligations may not be protected by financial covenants or limitations upon additional indebtedness and are unlikely to be secured by collateral. See “Taxation” below and “Income Tax Considerations” in the SAI for a discussion of special tax consequences associated with certain below investment grade securities.

Industry Focus Risk: As the Fund may invest a significant portion of its assets in particular sectors or industries, the performance of the Fund may be closely tied to the performance of companies in a limited number of sectors or industries. Currently, the Fund focuses its investments in the energy, telecommunications and utilities sectors and, in certain instances, in a limited number of issuers within each of those sectors. Companies in a single sector often share common characteristics, are faced with the same obstacles, issues and regulatory burdens and their securities may react similarly to adverse market conditions. To the extent a Fund focuses its investments in particular issuers, countries, geographic regions, industries or sectors, the Fund may be subject to greater risks of adverse developments in such areas of focus than a fund that invests in a wider variety of issuers, countries, geographic regions, industries, sectors or investments. The price movements of investments in a particular sector or industry may be more volatile than the price movements of more broadly diversified investments.

Interest Rate Risk: When interest rates decline, the value of fixed rate securities already held by the Fund can be expected to rise. Conversely, when interest rates rise, the value of existing fixed rate portfolio securities can be expected to decline. To the extent the Fund invests in fixed-rate debt securities with longer maturities, the Fund is subject to greater interest rate risk than funds investing solely in shorter-term fixed-rate debt securities. In addition, the interest rates of floating rate loans typically only adjust to changes in short-term interest rates; long-term interest rates can vary dramatically from short-term interest rates. In a period of rising interest rates, the higher cost of any leverage employed by the Fund and/or increasing defaults by issuers of high-yield securities would likely exacerbate any decline in the Fund’s NAV. If an issuer of a debt security containing a redemption or call provision exercises either provision in a declining interest rate market, the Fund would likely replace the security with a security having a lower interest rate, which could result in a decreased return for shareholders.

Duration is a measure used to determine the sensitivity of a security’s price to changes in interest rates that incorporates a security’s yield, coupon, final maturity and call features, among other characteristics. Duration is useful primarily as a measure of the sensitivity of a fixed income security’s market price to interest rate (i.e. yield) movements. All other things remaining equal, for each one percentage point increase in interest rates, the value of a portfolio of fixed income investments would generally be expected to decline by one percent for every year of the portfolio’s average duration above zero. For example, the value of a portfolio of fixed income securities with an average duration of three years would generally be expected to decline by approximately 3% if interest rates rose by one percentage point.

Latin American Market Risk: A portion of the Fund’s assets may be invested in securities of issuers tied to Latin American countries. The economies of countries in Latin America are all considered emerging market economies and, as such, have historically suffered from social, political, and economic instability. For investors, this has meant additional risk caused by periods of regional conflict, political corruption, totalitarianism, protectionist measures, nationalization, hyperinflation, debt crises, sudden and large currency devaluation, and intervention by the military in civilian and economic spheres. High interest, inflation (in some cases substantial and prolonged), and unemployment rates generally characterize each economy. Because commodities such as agricultural products, minerals, and metals represent a significant percentage of exports of many Latin American countries, the economies of those countries are particularly sensitive to fluctuations in commodity prices. The economic growth of most Latin American countries is highly dependent on commodity exports, and the economies of certain Latin American countries, particularly Mexico and Venezuela, are highly dependent on oil exports. As a result, these economies are particularly susceptible to fluctuations in the price of oil and other commodities and currency fluctuations. Investments in the region may also be subject to currency risks, such as restrictions on the flow of money in and out of the country, extreme volatility relative to the U.S. dollar, and devaluation, all of which could decrease the value of the Fund. Governments of many Latin American countries exercise substantial influence over many aspects of the private sector, and any such exercise could have a significant effect on companies in which the Fund invests. Other Latin American market risks include foreign exchange controls, difficulties in pricing securities, defaults on sovereign debt, difficulties in enforcing favorable legal judgments in local courts and political and social instability. As a result, the Fund’s portfolio may be more sensitive to, and possibly more adversely affected by, regulatory, economic or political factors or trends relating to Latin America than that of a fund that invests more broadly. If Latin American securities fall out of favor, it may cause the Fund to underperform funds that do not invest in Latin America to the same extent that the Fund does. A number of Latin American countries are among the largest debtors of developing countries and have a long history of reliance on foreign debt and default. The majority of the region’s economies have become highly dependent upon foreign credit and loans from external sources to fuel their state-sponsored economic plans. Most countries have been forced to restructure their loans or risk default on their debt obligations. In addition, interest on the debt is subject to market conditions and may reach levels that would impair economic activity and create a difficult and costly environment for borrowers. Accordingly, these governments may be forced to reschedule or freeze their debt repayment, which could negatively affect local markets. Because of their dependence on foreign credit and loans, a number of Latin American economies faced significant economic difficulties and some economies fell into recession as the recent global financial crisis tightened international credit supplies. While the region has recently shown some mixed signs of economic improvement, recovery from past economic downturns in Latin America has historically been slow, and any such recovery, if sustained, may be gradual.

 

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Legislation Risk: To the extent that legislation or state or federal regulators impose additional requirements or restrictions with respect to the ability of financial institutions to make loans in connection with highly leveraged transactions, the availability of Senior Loan interests for investment by the Fund may be adversely affected. Such requirements or restrictions may reduce or eliminate sources of financing for affected borrowers. Further, to the extent that legislation or federal or state regulators require such institutions to dispose of debt securities relating to highly leveraged transactions or subject such securities to increased regulatory scrutiny, such financial institutions may determine to sell debt securities in a manner that results in a price that, in the opinion of the Adviser is not indicative of fair value. Were the Fund to attempt to sell a securities at a time when a financial institution was engaging in such a sale with respect to the securities, the price at which the Fund could consummate such a sale might be adversely affected.

Leverage Risk: When deemed appropriate by the Adviser, and subject to applicable regulations, the Fund may use leverage in its investment program, including the use of borrowed funds and investments in certain types of options, such as puts, calls and warrants, which may be purchased for a fraction of the price of the underlying securities while giving the purchaser full exposure to movement in the price of those underlying securities. While such strategies and techniques increase the opportunity to achieve higher returns on the amounts invested, they also increase the risk of loss. To the extent the Fund purchases securities with borrowed funds, its net assets will tend to increase or decrease at a greater rate than if borrowed funds are not used. The level of interest rates generally, and the rates at which such funds may be borrowed in particular, could affect the operating results of the Fund. If the interest expense on borrowings were to exceed the net return on the portfolio securities purchased with borrowed funds, the Fund’s use of leverage would result in a lower rate of return than if the Fund were not leveraged.

If the amount of borrowings that the Fund may have outstanding at any one time is large in relation to its capital, fluctuations in the market value of the Fund’s portfolio will have disproportionately large effects in relation to the Fund’s capital and the possibilities for profit and the risk of loss will therefore be increased. Any investment gains made with the additional monies borrowed will generally cause the NAV of the Fund to rise more rapidly than would otherwise be the case. Conversely, if the investment performance of the investments acquired with borrowed money fails to cover their cost to the Fund, the NAV of the Fund will generally decline faster than would otherwise be the case. If the Fund employs leverage, the Adviser will benefit because the Fund’s Average Daily Managed Assets, as defined below, will increase with leverage and the Adviser is compensated based on a percentage of Average Daily Managed Assets.

Under the terms of any credit facility, the Fund may be required to, among other things, pledge some or all of its assets, limit its ability to pay distributions in certain circumstances, incur additional debts and engage in certain transactions. Such agreements could limit the Fund’s ability to pursue its investment strategies. The terms of any credit facility may be more restrictive than those described.

The costs associated with the Fund’s use of leverage (including the issuance of such leverage and the payment of dividends or interest on such leverage, as well as the issuance of preferred shares) are borne by the holders of common shares and may consequently result in a reduction of the net asset value of common shares. During periods in which the Fund is using leverage, the fees paid to the Adviser for investment advisory services will be higher than if the Fund did not use leverage because the fees paid will be calculated on the basis of the Fund’s gross assets, including proceeds from the issuance of preferred shares. In this regard, holders of preferred securities do not bear the investment advisory fee. Rather, holders of common shares bear the portion of the investment advisory fee attributable to the assets purchased with the proceeds, which means that common shareholders effectively bear the entire advisory fee.

Capital raised through leverage will be subject to distribution and/or interest payments, which may exceed the income and appreciation of the assets purchased. The issuance of preferred shares involves offering expenses and other costs and may limit the Fund’s freedom to pay distributions on common shares or to engage in other activities. The issuance of a class of preferred shares having priority over the common shares creates an opportunity for greater return per common share, but at the same time such leveraging is a speculative technique that will increase the Fund’s exposure to capital risk. Such preferred shares may have priority over common shares with respect to dividends, which must be paid to preferred shareholders before any dividends can be paid to common shareholders. In addition, the issuance of preferred shares would dilute the level of ownership of holders of common shares and may decrease the returns per share of such common shareholders. Unless the income and appreciation, if any, on assets acquired with offering proceeds exceed the cost of issuing additional classes of securities (and other Fund expenses), the use of leverage will diminish the investment performance of the common shares compared with what it would have been without leverage.

Limited Information Risk: The types of Senior Loans in which the Fund invests historically may not have been rated by a nationally recognized statistical rating organization (“NRSRO”), have not been registered with the SEC or any state securities commission, and have not been listed on any national securities exchange. Although the Fund will generally have access to financial and other information made available to the lenders in connection with Senior Loans, the amount of public information available with respect to Senior Loans will generally be less extensive than that available for rated, registered or exchange listed securities. As a result, the performance of the Fund and its ability to meet its investment objective is more dependent on the analytical ability of the Adviser than would be the case for an investment company that invests primarily in rated, registered or exchange-listed securities.

 

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Market Price of Shares Risk: The Shares of closed-end management investment companies often trade a discount from their net asset value, and the Fund’s common shares may likewise trade at a discount from net asset value. The trading price of the Fund’s common shares may be less than the public offering price. This risk may be greater for investors who sell their common shares in a relatively short period after completion of the public offering.

Mortgage-Backed Securities Risk: Mortgage-backed securities that are collateralized by a portfolio of mortgages or mortgage related securities depend on the payments of principal and interest made by or through the underlying assets, which may not be sufficient to meet the payment obligations of the mortgage-backed securities. Prepayments of principal, which occur more frequently in falling interest rate conditions, may shorten the term and reduce the value of these securities. The quality and value of the underlying collateral may decline, or default, which has become a significant risk for collateral related to sub-prime mortgage loans, especially in a declining residential real estate market. Further, these securities generally are privately sold and may not be readily marketable, particularly after a rapid decrease in value. Investments in mortgage-backed securities may also be subject to valuation risk.

Non-Payment Risk: Debt instruments are subject to the risk of non-payment of scheduled interest and/or principal. Non-payment would result in a reduction of income to the Fund, a reduction in the value of the security experiencing non-payment and a potential decrease in the NAV of the Fund. There can be no assurance that the liquidation of any collateral would satisfy the borrower’s obligation in the event of non-payment of scheduled interest or principal payments, or that such collateral could be readily liquidated. Moreover, as a practical matter, most borrowers cannot satisfy their debts by selling their assets. Borrowers pay their debts from the cash flow they generate. This is particularly the case for borrowers that are highly leveraged. If the borrower’s cash flow is insufficient to pay its debts as they come due, the borrower is far more likely to seek to restructure its debts than it is to sell off assets to pay its debts. Borrowers may try to restructure their debts either by seeking protection from creditors under Chapter 11 of the U.S. Bankruptcy Code (the “Bankruptcy Code”) or negotiating a work out. In the event of bankruptcy of a borrower, the Fund could experience delays or limitations with respect to its ability to realize the benefits of the collateral securing a debt security. The agent generally is responsible for determining that the lenders have obtained a perfected security interest in the collateral securing the debt security. If a borrower files for protection from creditors under Chapter 11 of the Bankruptcy Code, the Bankruptcy Code will impose an automatic stay that prohibits the agent from liquidating collateral. The agent may ask the bankruptcy court to lift the stay. As a practical matter, the court is unlikely to lift the stay if it concludes that the borrower has a chance to emerge from the reorganization proceedings and the collateral is likely to hold most of its value. If the lenders have a perfected security interest, the debt security will be treated as a separate class in the reorganization proceedings and will retain a priority interest in the collateral. Chapter 11 reorganization plans typically are the product of negotiation among the borrower and the various creditor classes. Successful negotiations may require the lenders to extend the time for repayment, change the interest rate or accept some consideration in the form of junior debt or equity securities. A work out outside of bankruptcy may produce similar concessions by senior lenders.

Non-U.S. Securities and Emerging and Developing Markets Risk: Investing in non-U.S. securities involves additional and more varied risks than investing in U.S. investments, including, but not limited to: fluctuations in foreign exchange rates (for non-U.S. securities not denominated in U.S. dollars); future foreign economic, financial, political and social developments; different legal systems; the possible imposition of exchange controls or other foreign governmental laws or restrictions; lower trading volume; much greater price volatility and illiquidity of certain non-U.S. securities markets; different trading and settlement practices; less governmental supervision; changes in currency exchange rates; high and volatile rates of inflation; fluctuating interest rates; less publicly available information; and different accounting, auditing and financial recordkeeping standards and requirements.

Because non-U.S. issuers are not generally subject to uniform accounting, auditing and financial reporting standards and practices comparable to those applicable to U.S. issuers, there may be less publicly available information about certain non-U.S. issuers than about U.S. issuers. Evidence of securities ownership may be uncertain in many foreign countries. Securities of non-U.S. issuers are generally less liquid than securities of comparable U.S. issuers. In certain countries, there is less government supervision and regulation of stock exchanges, brokers and listed companies than in the U.S. In addition, with respect to certain foreign countries, especially emerging market countries, there is the possibility of expropriation or confiscatory taxation, political or social instability, war, terrorism, nationalization, limitations on the removal of funds or other assets or diplomatic developments which could affect U.S. investments in those countries. Commissions (and other transaction costs) for non-U.S. securities are generally higher than those on U.S. securities. In addition, it is expected that the expenses for custodian arrangements of the Fund’s non-U.S. securities will be somewhat greater than the expenses for a fund that invests primarily in domestic securities. Certain investments in non-U.S. securities may also be subject to foreign withholding and other taxes on interest, dividends, capital gains or other income or proceeds. Those taxes will reduce the Fund’s yield on any such securities.

 

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The value of the non-U.S. securities held by the Fund that are not U.S. dollar-denominated may be significantly affected by changes in currency exchange rates. The U.S. dollar value of a foreign denominated non-U.S. security generally decreases when the value of the U.S. dollar rises against the foreign currency in which the security is denominated and tends to increase when the value of the U.S. dollar falls against such currency. Currencies of certain countries may be volatile and therefore may affect the value of securities denominated in such currencies, which means that the Fund’s NAV or current income could decline as a result of changes in the exchange rates between foreign currencies and the U.S. dollar. In addition, the value of the Fund’s assets may be affected by losses and other expenses incurred in converting between various currencies in order to purchase and sell foreign denominated non-U.S. securities, and by currency restrictions, exchange control regulation, currency devaluations and political and economic developments. The foregoing risks often are heightened for investments in smaller, emerging capital markets. In addition, individual foreign economies may differ favorably or unfavorably from the U.S. economy in such respects as growth of gross domestic product, rates of inflation, capital reinvestment, resources, self-sufficiency and balance of payments position.

As a result of these potential risks, the Adviser may determine that, notwithstanding otherwise favorable investment criteria, it may not be practicable or appropriate to invest in a particular country. The Fund may invest in countries in which foreign investors, including the Adviser have had no or limited prior experience.

Investing in securities of issuers tied economically to emerging markets entails all of the risks of investing in securities of non-U.S. issuers detailed above to a heightened degree. These heightened risks include: (i) greater risks of expropriation, confiscatory taxation, nationalization, and less social, political and economic stability; (ii) the smaller size of the markets for such securities and a lower volume of trading, resulting in lack of liquidity and in price volatility; (iii) greater fluctuations in currency exchange rates; and (iv) certain national policies that may restrict the Fund’s investment opportunities, including restrictions on investing in issuers or industries deemed sensitive to relevant national interests.

In addition, the risks associated with investing in a narrowly defined geographic area are generally more pronounced with respect to investments in emerging market countries. For example, to the extent the Fund invests in companies incorporated or doing significant business in China, which may be considered an emerging market, the risks associated with China-related investments may be more pronounced for the Fund. The Fund may also be subject to Emerging Markets Risk if they invest in derivatives or other securities or instruments whose value or returns are related to the value or returns of emerging market securities. The Fund may invest in some emerging markets through trading structures or protocols that subject them to risks such as those associated with illiquidity, custodying assets, different settlement and clearance procedures and asserting legal title under a developing legal and regulatory regime to a greater degree than in developed markets or even in other emerging markets.

Operational and Technology Risk: The Fund, its service providers, and other market participants increasingly depend on complex information technology and communications systems to conduct business functions. These systems are subject to a number of different threats or risks that could adversely affect the Fund and its shareholders, despite the efforts of the Fund and its service providers to adopt technologies, processes, and practices intended to mitigate these risks. For example, unauthorized third parties may attempt to improperly access, modify, disrupt the operations of, or prevent access to these systems of the Fund, the Fund’s service providers, counterparties, or other market participants or data within them (a “cyber-attack”). Power or communications outages, acts of god, information technology equipment malfunctions, operational errors, and inaccuracies within software or data processing systems may also disrupt business operations or impact critical data. Market events also may trigger a volume of transactions that overloads current information technology and communication systems and processes, impacting the ability to conduct the Fund’s operations.

Cyber-attacks, disruptions, or failures that affect the Fund’s service providers or counterparties may adversely affect the Fund and its shareholders, including by causing losses for the Fund or impairing Fund operations. For example, the Fund’s or its service providers’ assets or sensitive or confidential information may be misappropriated, data may be corrupted, and operations may be disrupted (e.g., cyber-attacks or operational failures may cause the release of private shareholder information or confidential Fund information, interfere with the processing of shareholder transactions, impact the ability to calculate the Fund’s NAV, and impede trading). In addition, cyber-attacks, disruptions, or failures may cause reputational damage and subject the Fund or their service providers to regulatory fines, litigation costs, penalties or financial losses, reimbursement or other compensation costs, and/or additional compliance costs. While the Fund and its service providers may establish business continuity and other plans and processes to address the possibility of cyber-attacks, disruptions, or failures, there are inherent limitations in such plans and systems, including that they do not apply to third parties, such as other market participants, as well as the possibility that certain risks have not been identified or that unknown threats may emerge in the future.

Similar types of operational and technology risks are also present for issuers of the Fund’s investments, which could have material adverse consequences for such issuers, and may cause the Fund’s investments to lose value. In addition, cyber-attacks involving the Fund counterparty could affect such counterparty’s ability to meet its obligations to the Fund, which may result in losses to the Fund and its shareholders. Furthermore, as a result of cyberattacks, disruptions, or failures, an exchange or market may close or issue

 

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trading halts on specific securities or the entire market, which may result in the Fund being, among other things, unable to buy or sell certain securities or financial instruments or unable to accurately price its investments. The Fund cannot directly control any cybersecurity plans and systems put in place by its service providers, Fund counterparties, issuers in which the Fund invests, or securities markets and exchanges.

Options Risk: The use of options is a highly specialized activity which involves investment techniques and risks different from those associated with ordinary portfolio securities transactions. For example, there are significant differences between the securities and options markets that could result in an imperfect correlation between these markets, causing a given transaction not to achieve its objectives. A transaction in options or securities may be unsuccessful to some degree because of market behavior or unexpected events. When the Fund writes a covered call option, the Fund forgoes, during the option’s life, the opportunity to profit from increases in the market value of the security covering the call option above the sum of the premium and the strike price of the call, but retains the risk of loss should the price of the underlying security decline. The writer of an option has no control over the time when it may be required to fulfill its obligation and once an option writer has received an exercise notice, it must deliver the underlying security at the exercise price. When the Fund writes a covered put option, the Fund bears the risk of loss if the value of the underlying stock declines below the exercise price minus the put premium. If the option is exercised, the Fund could incur a loss if it is required to purchase the stock underlying the put option at a price greater than the market price of the stock at the time of exercise plus the put premium the Fund received when it wrote the option. Special tax rules apply to the Fund’s or an underlying fund’s transactions in options, which could increase the amount of taxes payable by shareholders. While the Fund’s potential gain in writing a covered put option is limited to distributions earned on the liquid assets securing the put option plus the premium received from the purchaser of the put option, the Fund risks a loss equal to the entire exercise price of the option minus the put premium.

Other Investment Companies: The Fund may invest in other investment companies. Investment companies combine shareholders’ funds for investment in a variety of instruments, including equity securities, debt securities, and money market instruments and may invest primarily in a particular type of security, a particular industry or a mix of securities and industries. An investment company is not taxed on income distributed to shareholders if, among other things, it distributes to its shareholders substantially all of its taxable income for each taxable year. As a shareholder of another investment company, the Fund may bear a proportionate share of the expenses of such other investment company, including management fees, administration fees and custodial fees, in addition to the expenses of the Fund. To the extent permitted by and subject to applicable law or SEC exemptive relief, the Fund may invest in shares of investment companies (including money market mutual funds) advised by Highland or its affiliates.

Preferred Share Risk: Preferred share risk is the risk associated with the issuance of preferred shares to leverage the common shares. When preferred shares are issued, the net asset value and market value of the common shares become more volatile, and the yield to the holders of common shares will tend to fluctuate with changes in the shorter-term dividend rates on the preferred shares. The Fund will pay (and the holders of common shares will bear) all costs and expenses relating to the issuance and ongoing maintenance of the preferred shares, including higher advisory fees. Accordingly, the issuance of preferred shares may not result in a higher yield or return to the holders of the common shares. If the dividend rate and other costs of the preferred shares approach the net rate of return on the Fund’s investment portfolio, the benefit of leverage to the holders of the common shares would be reduced. If the dividend rate and other costs of the preferred shares exceed the net rate of return on the Fund’s investment portfolio, the leverage will result in a lower rate of return to the holders of common shares than if the Fund had not issued preferred shares.

If preferred shares are issued, holders of preferred shares may have differing interests than holders of common shares and holders of preferred shares may at times have disproportionate influence over the Fund’s affairs. If preferred shares are issued, holders of preferred shares, voting separately as a single class, would have the right to elect two members of the Board at all times. The remaining members of the Board would be elected by holders of common shares and preferred shares, voting as a single class. The 1940 Act requires that, in addition to any approval by shareholders that might otherwise be required, the approval of the holders of a majority of any outstanding preferred shares, voting separately as a class, would be required to (i) adopt any plan of reorganization that would adversely affect the preferred shares and (ii) take any action requiring a vote of security holders under Section 13(a) of the 1940 Act, including, among other things, changes in the Fund’s subclassification as a closed-end investment company or changes in its fundamental investment restrictions.

If the Fund issues preferred shares, the Fund would likely seek a credit rating on the preferred shares from one or more nationally recognized statistical rating organizations. The Fund expects that, at any time when preferred shares were outstanding, the composition of its investment portfolio would reflect guidelines established by any rating agencies, including, for example, asset coverage requirements that are more restrictive than those under the 1940 Act, restrictions on certain portfolio investments and investment practices, requirements that the Fund maintain a portion of its assets in higher rated debt securities and certain mandatory redemption requirements relating to the preferred shares. No assurance can be given that the guidelines actually imposed with respect to preferred shares by rating agencies would be more or less restrictive than these examples. These restrictions may require the Fund to alter its investment strategy and invest in different types of assets, some of which may be lower yielding or result in fewer opportunities for capital appreciation. No minimum rating is required for the issuance of preferred shares by the Fund.

 

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Portfolio Turnover Risk: A high rate of portfolio turnover (i.e., 100% or more) will result in increased transaction costs for the Fund in the form of increased dealer spreads and brokerage commissions. Greater transaction costs may reduce Fund performance. High portfolio turnover also may result in increased realization of net short-term capital gains (which are taxable to shareholders as ordinary income when distributed to them), higher taxable distributions and lower the Fund’s after-tax performance. The Fund’s annual portfolio turnover rate may vary greatly from year to year.

Prepayment Risk: Borrowers may pay back principal before the scheduled due date. Such prepayments may require the Fund to replace a debt security with a lower-yielding security. During periods of falling interest rates, issuers of debt securities may repay higher rate securities before their maturity dates. This may cause the Fund to lose potential price appreciation and to be forced to reinvest the unanticipated proceeds at lower interest rates. This may adversely affect the NAV of the Fund’s shares.

Real Estate Securities Risk: The securities of issuers that own, construct, manage or sell residential, commercial or industrial real estate are subject to risks in addition to those of other issuers. Such risks include: changes in real estate values and property taxes, overbuilding, variations in rental income, interest rates and changes in tax and regulatory requirements, such as those relating to the environment. Performance of a particular real estate security depends on the structure, cash flow and management skill of the particular company.

REIT-Specific Risk: Equity REITs may be affected by changes in the value of the underlying property owned by the trusts, while mortgage REITs may be affected by the quality of any credit extended. Further, equity and mortgage REITs are dependent upon management skill and are not diversified. Such trusts are also subject to heavy cash flow dependency, defaults by borrowers, self-liquidation, and the possibility of failing to qualify for special tax treatment under Subchapter M of the Code and to maintain an exemption under the 1940 Act. Any rental income or income from the disposition of such real estate could adversely affect its ability to retain its tax status, which would have adverse tax consequences on its shareholders. Finally, certain REITs may be self-liquidating at the end of a specified term, and run the risk of liquidating at an economically inopportune time.

Restrictions on Resale Risk: Senior Loans may not be readily marketable and may be subject to restrictions on resale. Interests in Senior Loans generally are not listed on any national securities exchange or automated quotation system and no active market may exist for many of the Senior Loans in which the Fund may invest. To the extent that a secondary market may exist for certain of the Senior Loans in which the Fund invests, such market may be subject to irregular trading activity, wide bid/ask spreads and extended trade settlement periods.

Securities Lending Risk: The Fund will continue to receive interest on any securities loaned while simultaneously earning interest on the investment of the cash collateral in short-term money market instruments. However, the Fund will normally pay lending fees to broker-dealers and related expenses from the interest earned on such invested collateral. Any decline in the value of a portfolio security that occurs while the security is out on loan is borne by the Fund, and will adversely affect performance. There may be risks of delay in receiving additional collateral or risks of delay in recovery of the securities, loss of rights in the collateral should the borrower of the securities fail financially and possible investment losses in the investment of collateral. Any loan may be terminated by either party upon reasonable notice to the other party.

Securities Market Risk: The value of securities owned by the Fund may go up or down, sometimes rapidly or unpredictably, due to factors affecting particular companies or the securities markets generally. The profitability of the Fund substantially depends upon the Adviser’s ability to correctly assess the future price movements of stocks, bonds, loans, options on stocks, and other securities and the movements of interest rates. The Adviser cannot guarantee that it will be successful in accurately predicting price movements.

The market prices of equities may decline for reasons that directly relate to the issuing company (such as poor management performance or reduced demand for its goods or services), factors that affect a particular industry (such as a decline in demand, labor or raw material shortages, or increased production costs) or general market conditions not specifically related to a company or industry (such as real or perceived adverse economic conditions, changes in the general outlook for corporate earnings, changes in interest or currency rates, or adverse investor sentiment generally). See also “Debt Securities Risk” and “Fixed Income Market Risk” above.

As a result of the nature of the Fund’s investment activities, it is possible that the Fund’s financial performance may fluctuate substantially from period to period. Additionally, at any point in time an investment in the Fund may be worth less than the original investment, even after taking into account the reinvestment of dividends and distributions.

Senior Loans Risk: Senior Loans may not be rated by a rating agency, registered with the Securities and Exchange Commission or any state securities commission or listed on any national securities exchange. Therefore, there may be less publicly available information about them than for registered or exchange listed securities. The risks associated with Senior Loans are similar to the risks of below investment grade securities. Moreover, any specific collateral used to secure a loan may decline in value or lose all its value or become illiquid, which would adversely affect the loan’s value. Economic and other events, whether real or perceived, can reduce the demand for certain Senior Loans or Senior Loans generally, which may reduce market prices and cause the Fund’s NAV per share to fall. The frequency and magnitude of such changes cannot be predicted.

 

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The secondary market in which these investments are traded is generally less liquid than the market for higher-grade debt. Less liquidity in the secondary trading market could adversely affect the price at which the Fund could sell a high yield Senior Loan, and could adversely affect the NAV of the Fund’s shares. At times of less liquidity, it may be more difficult to value high yield Senior Loans because this valuation may require more research, and elements of judgment may play a greater role in the valuation since there is less reliable, objective data available. Investments in Senior Loans and other securities may result in greater NAV fluctuation than if the Fund did not make such investments. See “Taxation” below for a discussion of special tax consequences associated with any investment by the Fund in below investment grade securities.

As with any debt security, Senior Loans are generally subject to the risk of price declines due to increases in interest rates, particularly long-term rates. Senior loans are also subject to the risk that, as interest rates rise, the cost of borrowing increases, which may increase the risk of default. In addition, the interest rates of floating rate loans typically only adjust to changes in short-term interest rates; long-term interest rates can vary dramatically from short-term interest rates. Therefore, Senior Loans may not mitigate price declines in a rising long-term interest rate environment. Declines in interest rates may increase prepayments of debt obligations and require the Fund to invest assets at lower yields. No active trading market may exist for certain Senior Loans, which may impair the ability of the Fund to realize full value in the event of the need to liquidate such assets. Adverse market conditions may impair the liquidity of some actively traded Senior Loans.

The Fund may invest without limitation in “covenant-lite” loans, which are loans made with fewer protections for the Lender and which are increasingly common in the loan and credit instruments market. Because covenant-lite loans are less restrictive on Borrowers and provide less protection for Lenders than typical corporate loans, the risk of default may be significantly higher.

Although Senior Loans in which the Fund will invest will often be secured by collateral, there can be no assurance that liquidation of such collateral would satisfy the borrower’s obligation in the event of a default or that such collateral could be readily liquidated. In the event of bankruptcy of a borrower, the Fund could experience delays or limitations in its ability to realize the benefits of any collateral securing a Senior Loan. The Fund may also invest in Senior Loans that are not secured.

In addition to the risks typically associated with debt securities and loans generally, Senior Loans are also subject to the risk that a court could subordinate a Senior Loan, which typically holds a senior position in the capital structure of a borrower, to presently existing or future indebtedness or take other action detrimental to the holders of Senior Loans.

Short Sales Risk: When the Fund engages in a short sale on a security, they must borrow the security sold short and deliver it to the counterparty. The Fund will ordinarily have to pay a fee or premium to borrow particular securities and be obligated to repay the lender of the security any dividends or interest that accrue on the security during the period of the loan. The amount of any gain from a short sale will be decreased, and the amount of any loss increased, by the amount of the premium, dividends, interest or expenses the Fund pay in connection with the short sale. Short selling allows the Fund to profit from declines in market prices to the extent such decline exceeds the transaction costs and the costs of borrowing the securities. However, since the borrowed securities must be replaced by purchases at market prices in order to close out the short position, any appreciation in the price of the borrowed securities would result in a loss. Purchasing securities to close out the short position can itself cause the price of the securities to rise further, thereby exacerbating the loss. The Fund may mitigate such losses by replacing the securities sold short before the market price has increased significantly. Under adverse market conditions, the Fund might have difficulty purchasing securities to meet their short sale delivery obligations, and might have to sell portfolio securities to raise the capital necessary to meet their short sale obligations at a time when fundamental investment considerations would not favor such sales. See “Taxation” below for special tax considerations associated with engaging in short sales.

Sovereign Debt Risk: Sovereign debt instruments are subject to the risk that a governmental entity may delay or refuse to pay interest or repay principal on its sovereign debt, due, for example, to cash flow problems, insufficient foreign currency reserves, political considerations, the relative size of the governmental entity’s debt position in relation to the economy or the failure to put in place economic reforms required by the International Monetary Fund or other multilateral agencies. If a governmental entity defaults, it may ask for more time in which to pay or for further loans. There is no legal process for collecting sovereign debt that a government does not pay nor are there bankruptcy proceedings through which all or part of the sovereign debt that a governmental entity has not repaid may be collected.

Style Risk: Securities with different characteristics tend to shift in and out of favor depending upon market and economic conditions as well as investor sentiment. The Fund may underperform other funds that employ a different style. The Fund also may employ a combination of styles that impact its risk characteristics. Examples of different styles include growth and value investing, as well as those focusing on large, medium, or small company securities.

 

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Growth Investing Risk: Growth stocks may be more volatile than other stocks because they are more sensitive to investor perceptions of the issuing company’s growth potential. Growth-oriented funds will typically underperform when value investing is in favor.

Value Investing Risk: Undervalued stocks may not realize their perceived value for extended periods of time or may never realize their perceived value. Value stocks may respond differently to market and other developments than other types of stocks. Value-oriented funds will typically underperform when growth investing is in favor.

Mid-Cap Company Risk: Investments in securities of mid-cap companies entail greater risks than investments in larger, more established companies. Mid-cap companies tend to have more narrow product lines, more limited financial resources and a more limited trading market for their stocks, as compared with larger companies. As a result, their stock prices may decline significantly as market conditions change.

Small-Cap Company Risk: Investing in securities of small-cap companies may involve greater risks than investing in larger, more established companies. Smaller companies may have limited product lines, markets and financial resources. Their securities may trade less frequently and in more limited volume than securities of larger, more established companies. In addition, smaller companies are typically subject to greater changes in earnings and business prospects than are larger companies. Consequently, the prices of small company stocks tend to rise and fall in value more than other stocks. Although investing in small-cap companies may offer potential for above-average returns, the companies may not succeed and their stock prices could decline significantly. Investments in small-cap companies may also be subject to valuation risk.

Swaps Risk: The use of swaps is a highly specialized activity which involves investment techniques, risk analyses and tax planning different from those associated with ordinary portfolio securities transactions. These transactions can result in sizeable realized and unrealized capital gains and losses relative to the gains and losses from the Fund’s direct investments in securities.

Transactions in swaps can involve greater risks than if the Fund had invested in the reference assets directly since, in addition to general market risks, swaps may be leveraged and are also requirements. If, however, the Fund were to fail to qualify as a RIC in any taxable year, and were ineligible to or otherwise did not cure such failure, the Fund would be subject to tax on its taxable income at corporate rates, and all distributions from earnings and profits, including any distributions of net long-term capital gains, would be taxable to shareholders as dividend income. See “Taxation” below. subject to illiquidity risk, counterparty risk, credit risk and pricing risk. However, certain risks may be reduced (but not eliminated) if the Fund invests in cleared swaps. Regulators also may impose limits on an entity’s or group of entities’ positions in certain swaps. Because bilateral swap agreements are two party contracts and because they may have terms of greater than seven days, these swaps may be considered to be illiquid. Moreover, the Fund bears the risk of loss of the amount expected to be received under a swap in the event of the default or bankruptcy of a swap counterparty. Many swaps are complex and valued subjectively. Swaps and other derivatives may also be subject to pricing or “basis” risk, which exists when the price of a particular derivative diverges from the price of corresponding cash market instruments. Under certain market conditions it may not be economically feasible to initiate a transaction or liquidate a position in time to avoid a loss or take advantage of an opportunity. If a swap transaction is particularly large or if the relevant market is illiquid, it may not be possible to initiate a transaction or liquidate a position at an advantageous time or price, which may result in significant losses.

The value of swaps can be very volatile, and a variance in the degree of volatility or in the direction of securities prices from the Adviser’s expectations may produce significant losses in the Fund’s investments in swaps. In addition, a perfect correlation between a swap and a reference asset may be impossible to achieve. As a result, the Adviser’s use of swaps may not be effective in fulfilling the Adviser’s investment strategies and may contribute to losses that would not have been incurred otherwise.

Tax Status Risk: The Fund’s ability to invest in certain derivative instruments and certain commodity-related instruments, including certain commodity-linked ETFs and ETNs, is or may be limited by the Fund’s intention to qualify as a RIC under the Code and, if the Fund does not appropriately limit such investments or if such investments (or the income earned on such investments) were to be recharacterized for U.S. tax purposes, the Fund could fail to qualify as a RIC. For instance, in order to qualify as a RIC, the Fund must meet annually a source of income requirement, generally requiring at least 90% of its gross income to be derived from certain specified sources. Under current guidance, direct investments in commodities and certain commodity-related instruments generally would not produce qualifying income for a RIC, while the qualifying income status of other commodity-related instruments is uncertain under current law. The Fund intends to appropriately limit its investments in commodity-related instruments in order to meet such qualifying income.

Telecommunications Sector Risk: The Fund may be impacted by risks faced by companies in the telecommunications services industry, including: a telecommunications market characterized by increasing competition and regulation by the Federal Communications Commission and various state regulatory authorities; the need to commit substantial capital to meet increasing competition, particularly in formulating new products and new services using new technology; and technological innovations that may make various products and services obsolete.

 

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Undervalued Funds Risk: The Fund may invest in ETFs, mutual funds and closed-end funds. As a result, your cost of investing in the Fund will be higher than the cost of investing directly in ETFs, mutual funds and closed-end funds and may be higher than other mutual funds that invest directly in stocks and bonds. You will indirectly bear fees and expenses charged by the Underlying Funds in addition to the Fund’s direct fees and expenses.

Utilities Risk: Companies in the utilities sector may be adversely affected by changes in exchange rates, domestic and international competition, and governmental limitations on rates charged to customers. The value of regulated utility debt securities (and, to a lesser extent, equity securities) tends to have an inverse relationship to the movement of interest rates. Deregulation may also subject utility companies to greater competition and may adversely affect their profitability. As deregulation allows utility companies to diversify outside of their original geographic regions and their traditional lines of business, utility companies may engage in riskier ventures. In addition, deregulation may eliminate restrictions on the profits of certain utility companies, but may also subject these companies to greater risk of loss. Companies in the utilities industry may have difficulty obtaining an adequate return on invested capital, raising capital, or financing large construction projects during periods of inflation or unsettled capital markets; face restrictions on operations and increased cost and delays attributable to environmental considerations and regulation; find that existing plants, equipment or products have been rendered obsolete by technological innovations; or be subject to increased costs because of the scarcity of certain fuels or the effects of man-made or natural disasters. Existing and future regulations or legislation may make it difficult for utility companies to operate profitably. Energy conservation and changes in climate policy may also have a significant adverse impact on the revenues and expenses of utility companies.

Valuation Risk: Portfolio securities may be valued using techniques other than market quotations, under the circumstances described under “Determination of Net Asset Value.” The value established for a portfolio security may be different than what would be produced through the use of another methodology or if it had been priced using market quotations. Portfolio securities that are valued using techniques other than market quotations, including “fair valued” securities, may be subject to greater fluctuation in their value from one day to the next than would be the case if market quotations were used. In addition, there is no assurance that the Fund could sell a portfolio security for the value established for it at any time and it is possible that the Fund would incur a loss because a portfolio security is sold at a discount to its established value.

MANAGEMENT OF THE FUND

The Fund is a party to contractual arrangements with various parties, including, among others, the Fund’s investment adviser, administrator, distributor, and shareholder servicing agent, who provide services to the Fund. Shareholders are not parties to, or intended (“third-party”) beneficiaries of, any such contractual arrangements, and such contractual arrangements are not intended to create in any individual shareholder or group of shareholders any right to enforce them against the service providers or to seek any remedy under them against the service providers, either directly or on behalf of the Fund.

Neither this Prospectus, nor the related SAI, is intended, or should be read, to be or to give rise to an agreement or contract between the Fund and any investor, or to give rise to any rights in any shareholder or other person other than any rights under federal or state law.

BOARD OF TRUSTEES AND INVESTMENT ADVISER

The Board of Trustees (the “Board”) has overall management responsibility for the Fund and each series of Highland Funds I, each series of Highland Funds II and Highland Floating Rate Opportunities Fund. See “Management of the Fund” in the SAI for the names of and other information about the Trustees and officers of the Fund. The Board also has overall management responsibility for funds advised by NexPoint Advisors, L.P., including NexPoint Strategic Opportunities Fund (“NHF”), NexPoint Capital, Inc. (a closed-end management investment company that has elected to be treated as a business development company under the 1940 Act) and the following registered closed-end funds that operate as interval funds: NexPoint Real Estate Strategies Fund, NexPoint Healthcare Opportunities Fund and NexPoint Latin American Opportunities Fund. NexPoint Advisors, L.P. is an affiliate of Highland Capital Management Fund Advisors, L.P.

Highland Capital Management Fund Advisors, L.P. (“HCMFA” or the “Adviser”) serves as investment adviser to the Fund. The address of the Adviser is 300 Crescent Court, Suite 700, Dallas, Texas 75201. Organized in February 2009, HCMFA is registered as an investment adviser under the Investment Advisers Act of 1940, as amended.

As of February 28, 2019, HCMFA had approximately $3.8 billion in assets under management. HCMFA is owned by Highland Capital Management Services, Inc., a Delaware corporation (“HCM Services”) and its general partner, Strand Advisors XVI, Inc., of which James Dondero is the sole stockholder. HCM Services is controlled by Mr. Dondero and Mr. Mark Okada by virtue of their respective share ownership.

 

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MANAGEMENT FEE

The Fund has entered into an investment advisory agreement with HCMFA (each, an “Investment Advisory Agreement”) pursuant to which HCMFA provides the day-to-day management of the Fund’s portfolio of securities, which includes buying and selling securities for the Fund and conducting investment research.

In return for its advisory services, the Fund pays the Adviser a monthly fee of 0.40%, computed and accrued daily, based on an annual rate of the Fund’s average daily managed assets. “Average Daily Managed Assets” of the Fund shall mean the average daily value of the total assets of the Fund, less all accrued liabilities of the Fund (other than the aggregate amount of any outstanding borrowings constituting financial leverage).

A discussion regarding the basis for the Board’s approval of the Investment Advisory Agreement will be available in the Fund’s first semi-annual or annual report to shareholders following the effective date of the Fund’s registration statement. A discussion regarding the basis for the Board’s approval of the Investment Advisory Agreements for the Predecessor Fund appears in the Predecessor Fund’s annual reports to shareholders for the period ended September 30, 2018.

The Investment Advisory Agreement may be terminated at any time, without payment of any penalty, by the Board, or by vote of a majority of the outstanding voting securities of the Fund or by the Adviser, in each case on not more than 60 days’ nor less than 30 days’ prior written notice to the other party. In addition, each Investment Advisory Agreement automatically terminates in the event of its “assignment”, as defined in the 1940 Act and the rules thereunder, or upon the termination of the relevant Investment Advisory Agreement. The table below shows the advisory fees that the Adviser received from the Predecessor Fund for the fiscal year ended September 30, 2018 and the Fund’s contractual advisory fee with the Adviser:

 

Advisory Fees Paid as a Percentage of Average Daily  Managed
Assets for the Fiscal Period Ended September 30, 2018

   Contractual Advisory Fee as a Percentage of Average
Daily Managed Assets
0.39%    0.40%

ADMINISTRATOR

The Fund has entered into an administration agreement with SEI Investments Global Funds Services (“SEI”) and pays SEI a fee for administration services. HCMFA generally assists in all aspects of the Fund’s administration and operations and furnishes offices, necessary facilities, equipment and personnel.

For more information about the Fund’s administration agreement, please see “Administrator” in the SAI.

ABOUT THE FUND’S PORTFOLIO MANAGER

The Fund is managed by an individual portfolio manager who is primarily responsible for the day-to-day management of the Fund. The portfolio manager of the Fund generally has final authority over all aspects of their portions of the Fund’s investment portfolio, including securities purchase and sale decisions, portfolio construction techniques and portfolio risk assessment. The following sets forth the roles of the primary portfolio manager of the Fund followed by biographical information for the portfolio manager. The Fund’s SAI provides the following additional information about the: (i) portfolio manager’s compensation; (ii) other accounts managed by the portfolio manager; and (iii) portfolio manager’s ownership of shares of the Fund, if any.

Portfolio Manager Biographies

The following sets forth biographical information for those individuals who are primarily responsible for managing the specified Fund’s investments. The portfolio managers may change from time to time.

James Dondero is a founder and President of Highland Capital Management, L.P. (“Highland”), an alternative asset manager specializing in high-yield fixed income investments). He is the senior portfolio manager of the Fund and has served in that capacity since the Fund’s inception in September 2018 and since April 2013 with respect to the Predecessor Fund. Mr. Dondero has over 25 years of experience in the credit markets. Prior to founding Highland in 1993, Mr. Dondero served as Chief Investment Officer of Protective Life’s GIC subsidiary and helped grow the business from concept to over $2 billion between 1989 and 1993. His portfolio management experience includes mortgage-backed securities, investment grade corporates, leveraged bank loans, high-yield bonds, emerging market debt, derivatives, preferred stocks and common stocks. From 1985 to 1989, Mr. Dondero managed approximately $1 billion in fixed income funds for American Express. Prior to American Express, he completed his financial training at Morgan

 

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Guaranty Trust Company. Mr. Dondero is a Beta Gamma Sigma graduate of the University of Virginia (1984) with degrees in Accounting and Finance. Mr. Dondero has earned the right to use the Chartered Financial Analyst designation. Mr. Dondero is a Certified Public Accountant and a Certified Management Accountant. Mr. Dondero currently serves as Chairman for NexBank and serves on the Board of Directors of American Banknote Corporation, Cornerstone Healthcare Group, Jernigan Capital, Inc., NexPoint Residential Trust, Inc., Texmark Timber Treasury, L.P., and Metro-Goldwyn-Mayer.

The Statement of Additional Information provides additional information about the portfolio manager’s compensation, other accounts managed by the portfolio manager and the portfolio manager’s ownership of securities issued by the Fund.

DETERMINATION OF NET ASSET VALUE

The net asset value of the common shares of the Fund is computed based upon the value of the Fund’s investment portfolio securities and other assets. Net asset value per common share is determined daily on each day that the NYSE is open for business as of the close of the regular trading session on the NYSE, usually 4:00 p.m., Eastern time. The NYSE is open Monday through Friday, but currently is scheduled to be closed on New Year’s Day, Dr. Martin Luther King, Jr. Day, Presidents’ Day, Good Friday, Memorial Day, Independence Day, Labor Day, Thanksgiving Day and Christmas Day or on the preceding Friday or subsequent Monday when a holiday falls on a Saturday or Sunday, respectively.

The Fund calculates net asset value per common share by subtracting liabilities (including accrued expenses or dividends) from the total assets of the Fund (the value of the securities plus cash or other assets, including interest accrued but not yet received) and dividing the result by the total number of outstanding common shares of the Fund.

VALUATIONS

The Fund uses the following valuation methods to determine either current market value for investments for which market quotations are available or, if not available, the fair value, as determined in good faith pursuant to policies and procedures approved by the Board:

 

   

The market value of each security listed or traded on any recognized securities exchange or automated quotation system will be the last reported sale price at the relevant valuation date on the composite tape or on the principal exchange on which such security is traded, except that debt securities that are not credit-impaired and have remaining maturities of 60 days or less will be valued at amortized cost, a method of valuation that approximates market value. If no sale is reported on that date, or for over-the-counter securities, the Investment Adviser utilizes, when available, pricing quotations from principal market makers. Such quotations may be obtained from third-party pricing services or directly from investment brokers and dealers in the secondary market. Generally, the Fund’s loan and bond positions are not traded on exchanges and consequently are valued based on market prices received from third-party pricing services or broker-dealer sources.

 

   

Dividends declared but not yet received, and rights in respect of securities which are quoted ex-dividend or ex-rights, will be recorded at the fair value thereof, as determined by the Investment Adviser, which may (but need not) be the value so determined on the day such securities are first quoted ex-dividend or ex-rights.

 

   

Listed options, or over-the-counter options for which representative brokers’ quotations are available, will be valued in the same manner as listed or over-the-counter securities as hereinabove provided. Premiums for the sale of such options written by the Fund will be included in the assets of the Fund, and the market value of such options shall be included as a liability.

 

   

The Fund’s non-marketable investments for which market quotations are not readily will generally be valued in such manner as the Investment Adviser determines in good faith to reflect their fair values under procedures established by, and under the general supervision and responsibility of, the Board. The pricing of all assets that are fair valued in this manner will be subsequently reported to and ratified by the Board. Pursuant to the Fund’s pricing procedures, securities for which market quotations are not readily available may include securities that are subject to legal or contractual restrictions on resale, securities for which no or limited trading activity has occurred for a period of time, or securities that are otherwise deemed to be illiquid (i.e., securities that cannot be disposed of within seven days at approximately the price at which the security is currently priced by the Fund). Swaps and other derivatives would generally fall under this category.

When determining the fair value of an asset, the Adviser seeks to determine the price that the Fund might reasonably expect to receive from the current sale of that asset in an arm’s-length transaction. Fair value is defined as the amount for which assets could be sold in an orderly disposition over a reasonable period of time, taking into account the nature of the asset. Fair value determinations are based upon all available factors that the Investment Adviser deems relevant. Fair value pricing, however, involves judgments that are inherently subjective and inexact, since fair valuation procedures are used only when it is not possible to be sure what value should be attributed to a particular asset or when an event will affect the market price of an asset and to what extent. As a result, fair value pricing may not reflect actual market value, and it is possible that the fair value determined for a security will be materially different from the value that actually could be or is realized upon the sale of that asset.

 

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[Subsequent to September 30, 2018, it was determined that the valuation of the Fund’s investment in equity issued by TerreStar Corporation was incorrect during a period beginning in March 2018 through at least September 30, 2018. The reduction in value of the TerreStar position in the Fund’s September 30, 2018 financial statements measured on the date of the final net asset value determination in September 2018 was approximately $14.4 million.

The Fund recognized a receivable due from the Adviser in the amount of approximately $5.2 million for overpayments on redemption payments to certain investors resulting from the incorrect valuation during the year ended September 30, 2018. A payable of approximately $1.2 million has also been recorded by the Fund for amounts owed to certain other shareholders for subscription payments resulting from the incorrect valuation.

The Adviser expects that there will be additional amounts owed to the Fund subsequent to September 30, 2018 related to the change of inputs used in the valuation of TerreStar Corporation. The Adviser is still assessing the extent and impact of those errors. The amount of the receivable is being processed under the Fund’s NAV Error Policy.][To be updated]

DETERMINATIONS IN CONNECTION WITH OFFERINGS

In connection with any primary offering of the Fund’s common shares, the Fund is required to make the determination that it is not selling its common shares at a price below its then current net asset value at the time at which the sale is made. However, if the net asset value of the Fund changes during the pendency of a primary offering such that there is a possibility that the price of the Fund’s common shares could fall below the then current net asset value of its common shares at the time at which the sale is made, or (ii) there is a possibility that the Fund could trigger the undertaking (which the Fund provided to the Commission in the registration statement to which this Prospectus is a part) to suspend the offering of its common shares pursuant to this Prospectus if the net asset value fluctuates by certain amounts in certain circumstances until the Prospectus is amended, the Fund may elect, in the case of clause (i) above, to postpone the offering until such time as the Fund makes a determination that it is not at risk of selling its common shares at a price below its then current net asset value and, in the case of clause (ii) above, to comply with such undertaking or to undertake to determine net asset value to ensure that such undertaking has not been triggered.

POTENTIAL CONFLICTS OF INTEREST

The Adviser and/or its general partner, limited partners, officers, affiliates and employees provide investment advice to other parties and manage other accounts and private investment vehicles similar to the Funds. For the purposes of this section, the term “Highland” shall include the Adviser and its affiliated investment advisors, including Highland Capital Management, L.P. and its affiliates. In connection with such other investment management activities, the Adviser and/or its general partner, limited partners, officers, affiliates and employees may decide to invest the funds of one or more other accounts or recommend the investment of funds by other parties, rather than the Fund’s monies, in a particular security or strategy. In addition, the Adviser and such other persons will determine the allocation of funds from the Fund and such other accounts to investment strategies and techniques on whatever basis they consider appropriate or desirable in their sole and absolute discretion.

The Adviser has built a professional working environment, a firm-wide compliance culture and compliance procedures and systems designed to protect against potential incentives that may favor one account over another. The Adviser has adopted policies and procedures that address the allocation of investment opportunities, execution of portfolio transactions, personal trading by employees and other potential conflicts of interest that are designed to ensure that all client accounts are treated equitably over time. Nevertheless, the Adviser furnishes advisory services to numerous clients in addition to the Funds, and the Adviser may, consistent with applicable law, make investment recommendations to other clients or accounts (including accounts that have performance or higher fees paid to the Adviser or in which portfolio managers have a personal interest in the receipt of such fees) that may be the same as or different from those made to the Fund. In addition, the Adviser, its affiliates and any of their partners, directors, officers, stockholders or employees may or may not have an interest in the securities whose purchase and sale the Adviser recommends to the Funds. Actions with respect to securities of the same kind may be the same as or different from the action that the Adviser, or any of its affiliates, or any of their partners, directors, officers, stockholders or employees or any member of their families may take with respect to the same securities. Moreover, the Adviser may refrain from rendering any advice or services concerning securities of companies of which any of the Adviser’s (or its affiliates’) partners, directors, officers or employees are directors or officers, or companies as to which the Adviser or any of its affiliates or partners, directors, officers and employees of any of them has any substantial economic interest or possesses material non-public information. In addition to its various policies and procedures designed to address these issues, the Adviser includes disclosure regarding these matters to its clients in both its Form ADV and investment advisory agreements.

 

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The Adviser, its affiliates or their partners, directors, officers or employees similarly serve or may serve other entities that operate in the same or related lines of business, including accounts managed by an investment adviser affiliated with the Adviser. Accordingly, these individuals may have obligations to investors in those entities or funds or to other clients, the fulfillment of which might not be in the best interests of the Fund. As a result, the Adviser will face conflicts in the allocation of investment opportunities to the Funds and other funds and clients. In order to enable such affiliates to fulfill their fiduciary duties to each of the clients for which they have responsibility, the Adviser will endeavor to allocate investment opportunities in a fair and equitable manner , pursuant to policies and procedures adopted by the Adviser and its advisory affiliates that are designed to manage potential conflicts of interest, which may, subject to applicable regulatory constraints, involve pro rata co-investment by the Funds and such other clients or may involve a rotation of opportunities among the Funds and such other clients. The Fund will only make investments in which the Adviser or an affiliate hold an interest to the extent permitted under the 1940 Act and SEC staff interpretations or pursuant to the terms and conditions of the exemptive order received by certain advisers and funds affiliated with the Fund, dated April 19, 2016. For example, exemptive relief is not required for the Fund to invest in syndicated deals and secondary loan market transactions in which the Adviser or an affiliate has an interest where price is the only negotiated point. The order applies to all “Investment Companies,” which includes future closed-end investment companies registered under the 1940 Act that are managed by affiliated advisers, which includes the Fund. The Fund, therefore, may in the future invest in accordance with the terms and conditions of the exemptive order. To mitigate any actual or perceived conflicts of interest, allocation of limited offering securities (such as IPOs and registered secondary offerings) to principal accounts that do not include third party investors may only be made after all other client account orders for the security have been filled. However, there can be no assurance that such policies and procedures will in every case ensure fair and equitable allocations of investment opportunities, particularly when considered in hindsight.

Conflicts may arise in cases when clients and/or the Adviser and other affiliated entities invest in different parts of an issuer’s capital structure, including circumstances in which one or more clients own private securities or obligations of an issuer and other clients may own public securities of the same issuer. In addition, one or more clients may invest in securities, or other financial instruments, of an issuer that are senior or junior to securities, or financial instruments, of the same issuer that are held by or acquired for, one or more other clients. For example, if such issuer encounters financial problems, decisions related to such securities (such as over the terms of any workout or proposed waivers and amendments to debt covenants) may raise conflicts of interests. In such a distressed situation, a client holding debt securities of the issuer may be better served by a liquidation of the issuer in which it may be paid in full, whereas a client holding equity securities of the issuer might prefer a reorganization that holds the potential to create value for the equity holders. In the event of conflicting interests within an issuer’s capital structure, Highland will generally pursue the strategy that Highland believes best reflects what would be expected to be negotiated in an arm’s length transaction, but in all instances with due consideration being given to Highland’s fiduciary duties to each of its accounts (without regard to the nature of the accounts involved or fees received from such accounts). This strategy may be recommended by one or more Highland investment professionals. A single person may represent more than one part of an issuer‘s capital structure. The recommended course of action will be presented to the conflicts committee for final determination as to how to proceed. Highland may elect, but is not required, to assign different teams to make recommendations for different parts of the capital structure as the conflicts committee determines in its discretion. In the event any Highland personnel serve on the board of the subject company, they generally recuse themselves from voting on any board matter with respect to a transaction that has an asymmetrical impact on the capital structure. Highland personnel board members may still make recommendations to the conflicts committee. If any such persons are also on the conflicts committee, they may recuse themselves from the committee‘s determination. A Portfolio Manager with respect to any applicable Highland registered investment company clients (“Retail Accounts”) participates in such discussions, but makes an independent determination as to which course of action he or she determines is in the best interest of the applicable Retail Accounts. Highland may use external counsel for guidance and assistance.

The Adviser and its affiliates have both subjective and objective procedures and policies in place designed to manage potential conflicts of interest involving clients so that, for example, investment opportunities are allocated in a fair and equitable manner among the Funds and such other clients. An investment opportunity that is suitable for multiple clients of the Adviser and its affiliates may not be capable of being shared among some or all of such clients due to the limited scale of the opportunity or other factors, including regulatory restrictions imposed by the 1940 Act. There can be no assurance that the Adviser’s or its affiliates’ efforts to allocate any particular investment opportunity fairly among all clients for whom such opportunity is appropriate will result in an allocation of all or part of such opportunity to the Funds. Not all conflicts of interest can be expected to be resolved in favor of the Funds.

Another type of conflict may arise if one client account buys a security and another client account sells or shorts the same security. Currently, such opposing positions are generally not permitted within the same account without prior trade approval by the Chief Compliance Officer. However, a portfolio manager may enter into opposing positions for different clients to the extent each such client has a different investment objective and each such position is consistent with the investment objective of the applicable client. In addition, transactions in investments by one or more affiliated client accounts may have the effect of diluting or otherwise disadvantaging the values, prices or investment strategies of other client accounts.

 

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Because certain client accounts may have investment objectives, strategies or legal, contractual, tax or other requirements that differ (such as the need to take tax losses, realize profits, raise cash, diversification, etc.), an affiliated advisor may purchase, sell or continue to hold securities for certain client accounts contrary to other recommendations. In addition, an affiliated advisor may be permitted to sell securities or instruments short for certain client accounts and may not be permitted to do so for other affiliated client accounts.

As a result of the Fund’s arrangements with Highland, there may be times when Highland, the Adviser or their affiliates have interests that differ from those of the Fund’s shareholders, giving rise to a conflict of interest. Highland and the Adviser are under common ownership, and Fund’s officers serve or may serve as officers, directors or principals of entities that operate in the same or a related line of business as the Fund does, or of investment funds managed by the Adviser or its affiliates. Similarly, the Adviser or its affiliates may have other clients with similar, different or competing investment objectives. In serving in these multiple capacities, they may have obligations to other clients or investors in those entities, the fulfillment of which may not be in the best interests of the Fund or its shareholders. For example, the Fund’s officers have, and will continue to have, management responsibilities for other investment funds, accounts or other investment vehicles managed or sponsored by the Adviser and its affiliates. The Fund’s investment objective may overlap, in part or in whole, with the investment objective of such affiliated investment funds, accounts or other investment vehicles. As a result, those individuals may face conflicts in the allocation of investment opportunities among the Fund and other investment funds or accounts advised by or affiliated with the Adviser. The Adviser will seek to allocate investment opportunities among eligible accounts in a manner that is fair and equitable over time and consistent with its allocation policy. However, the Fund can offer no assurance that such opportunities will be allocated to it fairly or equitably in the short-term or over time.

In addition, it is anticipated that a portion of the Fund’s assets will be represented by REITs, asset backed securities and/or collateralized loan obligations sponsored, organized and/or managed by Highland and its affiliates. The Adviser will monitor for conflicts of interest in accordance with its fiduciary duties and will provide the independent trustees of the Fund with an opportunity to periodically review the Fund’s investments in such REITs, asset-backed securities and/or CLOs and assure themselves that continued investment in such securities remains in the best interests of the Fund and its shareholders. The Adviser may effect client cross-transactions where it causes a transaction to be effected between the Fund and another client advised by the Adviser or any of its affiliates. The Adviser may engage in a client cross-transaction involving the Fund any time that the Adviser believes such transaction to be fair to the Fund and the other client of the Adviser or its affiliates. As further described below, the Adviser may effect principal transactions where the Fund may make and/or hold an investment, including an investment in securities, in which the Adviser and/or its affiliates have a debt, equity or participation interest, in each case in accordance with applicable law, which may include the Adviser obtaining the consent and approval of the Fund prior to engaging in any such principal transaction between the Fund and the Adviser or its affiliates.

The Adviser may direct the Fund to acquire or dispose of investments in cross trades between the Fund and other clients of the Adviser or its affiliates in accordance with applicable legal and regulatory requirements. In addition, to the extent permitted by the 1940 Act and SEC staff interpretations, the Fund may make and/or hold an investment, including an investment in securities, in which the Adviser and/or its affiliates have a debt, equity or participation interest, and the holding and sale of such investments by the Fund may enhance the profitability of the Adviser’s own investments in such companies.

Voting Rights. Shareholders shall have power to vote only (i) for the election of Trustees, (ii) for the removal of the Trustees, (iii) with respect to any termination of the Fund, (iv) with respect to any amendment of the Declaration of Trust, and (v) with respect to such additional matters relating to the Fund as may be required by applicable law, including the 1940 Act, this Declaration of Trust, the Bylaws or any registration of the Fund with the Securities and Exchange Commission (or any successor agency) or any state, or as the Trustees may consider necessary or desirable. All such voting rights are further described and delineated in the Fund’s Declaration of Trust.

Each whole share is entitled to one vote as to any matter on which it is entitled to vote and each fractional share is entitled to a proportionate fractional vote. On any matter submitted to a vote of shareholders, all shares of the Fund then entitled to vote will, except as otherwise provided in the Bylaws, be voted in the aggregate as a single class without regard to series or classes of shares, except (1) when required by the 1940 Act or when the Trustees shall have determined that the matter affects one or more series or classes of Shares materially differently, Shares shall be voted by individual series or class; and (2) when the Trustees have determined that the matter affects only the interest of one or more series or classes, only shareholders or such series or classes shall be entitled to vote thereon. There shall be no cumulative voting in the election of Trustees.

 

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Preemptive Rights. Shareholders have no preemptive or other right to subscribe to any additional shares or other securities issued by the Fund.

DISTRIBUTIONS

Subject to market conditions, the Fund expects to declare dividends on the Fund’s common shares on a monthly basis. The Fund intends to pay any net capital gain distributions annually.

Various factors will affect the level of the Fund’s current income and current gains, such as its asset mix and the Fund’s use of options and other derivative transactions. To permit the Fund to maintain more stable monthly dividends and annual capital gain distributions, the Fund may from time to time distribute less than the entire amount of income and gains earned in the relevant month or year, respectively. The undistributed income and gains would be available to supplement future distributions. As a result, the distributions paid by the Fund for any particular period may be more or less than the amount of income and gains actually earned by the Fund during the applicable period. Undistributed income and gains will add to the Fund’s net asset value, and, correspondingly, distributions from previously undistributed income and gains, as well as from capital, if any, will be deducted from the Fund’s net asset value.

The Board has approved a level distribution policy (the “Level Distribution Policy”) for the Fund, under which the Fund intends to make monthly distributions to shareholders at a constant and fixed (but not guaranteed) rate that will reset annually to a rate equal to 8.5% of the average of the Fund’s NAV per share (the “Distribution Amount”), as reported for the final five trading days of the month preceding the announcement of distributions. The Distribution Amount applicable to the following calendar year will be reset based upon the new results of the distribution rate calculation.

However, there can be no guarantee that the Level Distribution Policy will be successful in its goals. The Fund’s ability to maintain a stable level of distributions to shareholders will depend on a number of factors, including changes in the financial market, market interest rates, and performance of overall equity and fixed income markets. As portfolio and market conditions change, the ability of the Fund to continue to make distributions in accordance with the Level Distribution Policy may be affected.

The Board expects that any declaration of distributions to shareholders, including final amounts and dates applicable to each, will be made and announced annually. Shareholders will have the option of reinvesting these distributions in additional common shares through the Fund’s Dividend Reinvestment Plan, or electing to receive cash by contacting AST, their financial adviser or their brokerage firm. Shareholders who wish to receive their distribution in cash must opt out of the Fund’s Dividend Reinvestment Plan. For further information, shareholders should carefully read the description of the Dividend Reinvestment Plan in the prospectus.

The Board may amend the Level Distribution Policy, the Distribution Amount or distribution intervals, or the Fund may cease distributions entirely, at any time, without prior notice to shareholders. The announcement of, amendment to, or later termination of this Level Distribution Policy may have an adverse effect on the market price of the Fund’s shares of common stock.

The Fund may at times, in its discretion, pay out less than the entire amount of net investment income earned in any particular period and may at times pay out such accumulated undistributed income in addition to net investment income earned in other periods in order to permit the Fund to maintain a stable level of distributions. As a result, the dividend paid by the Fund to shareholders for any particular period may be more or less than the amount of net investment income earned by the Fund during such period. The Fund intends to distribute all realized net long-term capital gains, if any, no more than once every twelve months.

To the extent that sufficient investment income is not available on a monthly basis, the Fund’s distributions may consist of return of capital in order to maintain the distribution amount. A return of capital occurs when some or all of the money that shareholders invested in the Fund is paid back to them. A return of capital does not necessarily reflect the Fund’s investment performance and should not be confused with ‘yield’ or ‘income.’ Any such returns of capital will decrease the Fund’s total assets and, therefore, could have the effect of increasing the Fund’s expense ratio. In addition, the Level Distribution Policy may require the Fund to sell its portfolio securities at a less than opportune time to meet the distribution amount.

Shareholders should not make any conclusions about the Fund’s investment performance from the amount of the Fund’s distributions or the Fund’s Level Distribution Policy. With each distribution that does not consist solely of net investment income, the Fund will issue a notice to shareholders that will provide detailed information regarding the amount and composition of the distribution and

 

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other related information. The amounts and sources of distributions reported in the notice to shareholders are only estimates and are not being provided for tax reporting purposes. The actual amounts and sources of the distributions for tax reporting purposes will depend upon the Fund’s investment experience during its full fiscal year and may be subject to changes based on tax regulations. The Fund will send individual shareholders a Form 1099-DIV for each calendar year that will tell them how to report these distributions for federal income tax purposes. Please consult your tax advisor about any tax implications applicable to you in light of your particular circumstances.

Shareholders will automatically receive newly issued common shares for all dividends declared for common shares of the Fund in accordance with the Fund’s Dividend Reinvestment Plan unless an election is made to receive cash. Participants requesting a sale of securities through the plan agent of the Fund’s Dividend Reinvestment Plan are subject to a sales fee and a brokerage commission. See “Dividend Reinvestment Plan.”

DIVIDEND REINVESTMENT PLAN

Unless the registered owner of common shares elects to receive cash by contacting the Plan Agent, all dividends declared for the common shares of the Fund will be automatically paid in the form of, or reinvested by Global Shares (“Global Shares” or the “Plan Agent”) in, newly issued common shares of the Fund. If you are a registered owner of common shares and elect not to participate in the Plan, you will receive all dividends or other distributions (together, a “dividend”) in cash paid by check mailed directly to you (or, if the shares are held in street or other nominee name, then to such nominee) by Global Shares, as dividend disbursing agent. You may elect not to participate in the Plan and to receive all dividends in cash by sending written instructions or by contacting Global Shares, as dividend disbursing agent, at the address set forth below. Participation in the Plan is completely voluntary and may be terminated or resumed at any time without penalty by contacting the Plan Agent before the dividend record date; otherwise such termination or resumption will be effective with respect to any subsequently declared dividend. Some brokers may automatically elect to receive cash on your behalf and may reinvest that cash in additional shares of the Fund for you.

The Plan Agent will open an account for each shareholder under the Plan in the same name in which such shareholder’s shares are registered. Whenever the Fund declares a dividend payable in cash, non-participants in the Plan will receive cash and participants in the Plan will receive the equivalent in newly issued common shares. The common shares will be acquired by the Plan Agent through receipt of additional unissued but authorized common shares from the Fund. The number of newly issued common shares to be credited to each participant’s account will be determined by dividing the dollar amount of the dividend by the lesser of (i) the net asset value per common share determined on the declaration date and (ii) the market price per common share as of the close of regular trading on the NYSE on the declaration date.

The Plan Agent maintains all shareholders’ accounts in the Plan and furnishes written confirmation of all transactions in the accounts, including information needed by shareholders for tax records. Common shares in the account of each Plan participant will be held by the Plan Agent on behalf of the Plan participant, and each shareholder proxy will include those shares purchased or received pursuant to the Plan. The Plan Agent will forward all proxy solicitation materials to participants and vote proxies for shares held under the Plan in accordance with the instructions of the participants.

In the case of shareholders such as banks, brokers or nominees which hold shares for others who are the beneficial owners, the Plan Agent will administer the Plan on the basis of the number of common shares certified from time to time by the record shareholder’s name and held for the account of beneficial owners who participate in the Plan.

There will be no brokerage charges with respect to common shares issued directly by the Fund. The automatic reinvestment of dividends will not relieve participants of any tax that may be payable (or required to be withheld) on such dividends. Accordingly, any taxable dividend received by a participant that is reinvested in additional common shares will be subject to U.S. federal (and possibly state and local) income tax even though such participant will not receive a corresponding amount of cash with which to pay such taxes. See “Tax Matters.”

There will be no brokerage charges with respect to common shares issued directly by the Fund. Participants who request a sale of shares through the Plan Agent pay a brokerage commission of $0.4 per share sold.

The Fund reserves the right to amend or terminate the Plan. There is no direct service charge to participants in the Plan; however, the Fund reserves the right to amend the Plan to include a service charge payable by the participants.

All correspondence concerning the Plan should be directed to the Plan Agent at Global Shares, 111 Town Square Place, Suite 1401, Jersey City, NJ 07310; telephone (732) 256-1005.

 

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Description of Capital Structure

The following is a brief description of the terms of the Fund’s common shares, preferred shares and subscription rights. This description does not purport to be complete and is qualified by reference to the Fund’s governing documents. For complete terms of the subscription rights, please refer to the actual terms of such subscription rights which will be set forth in the subscription rights agreement relating to such subscription rights (the “Subscription Rights Agreement”). This Prospectus will contain the material terms and conditions for each security.

Any of the securities described herein may be issued separately or as part of a unit consisting of two or more securities (for example, common shares and rights), which may or may not be separable from one another. If such units are publicly offered, they and their underlying securities will be registered under the Securities Act prior to completion of the offering.

COMMON SHARES

The Fund is a diversified, closed-end management investment company that was organized as a Massachusetts business trust pursuant to a Declaration of Trust dated June 28, 2017. On February 13, 2019, the Fund converted from Highland Global Allocation Fund (the “Predecessor Fund”), an open-end series of Highland Funds II (the “Predecessor Trust”), a Massachusetts business trust, to a standalone closed end fund, also a Massachusetts business (the “Conversion”). As part of the Conversion, shares of the Predecessor Fund that had been previously registered and were then-currently outstanding were converted into newly registered and issued shares of the Fund.

The Fund is authorized to issue an unlimited number of common shares of beneficial interest, par value $0.001 per share. The shares of the Fund may be issued in one or more series as the Trustees may, from time to time and without shareholder approval, authorize. Each common share has one vote and, when issued and paid for in accordance with the terms of this offering, will be fully paid and non-assessable, except that the Trustees shall have the power to cause shareholders to pay expenses of the Fund by setting off charges due from shareholders from declared but unpaid dividends or distributions owed such shareholders and/or by reducing the number of common shares owned by such shareholder. The Fund currently is not aware of any expenses that will be paid pursuant to this provision, except to the extent fees payable under its Dividend Reinvestment Plan are deemed to be paid pursuant to this provision.

The Fund intends to hold annual meetings of shareholders so long as the common shares are listed on a national securities exchange and such meetings are required as a condition to such listing. All common shares are equal as to dividends, assets and voting privileges and have no conversion, preemptive or other subscription rights. The Fund will send annual and semi-annual reports, including financial statements, to all holders of its shares.

The Fund has no present intention of offering any additional common shares other than the securities offered pursuant to this Prospectus and common shares issued under the Fund’s Dividend Reinvestment Plan. Any additional offerings of common shares will require approval by the Board. Any additional offering of common shares will be subject to the requirements of the 1940 Act, which generally provides that shares may not be issued at a price below the then current net asset value, exclusive of sales load, except in connection with an offering to existing holders of common shares or with the consent of a majority of the Fund’s common shareholders.

Any additional offerings of common shares would result in current shareholders owning a smaller proportionate interest in the Fund than they owned prior to such offering to the extent that shareholders do not purchase sufficient shares in such offering to maintain their percentage interest. The Fund’s net asset value would be reduced immediately following an offering of the shares due to the costs of such offering, which will be borne entirely by the Fund. The sale of shares by the Fund (or the perception that such sales may occur) may have an adverse effect on prices of shares in the secondary market. An increase in the number of common shares available may put downward pressure on the market price for shares. If the Fund were unable to invest the proceeds of an additional offering of shares as intended, the Fund’s per share distribution may decrease and the Fund may not participate in market advances to the same extent as if such proceeds were fully invested as planned.

The Fund’s common shares are listed on the NYSE under the symbol HGLB. Unlike open-end funds, closed-end funds like the Fund do not continuously offer shares and do not provide daily redemptions. Rather, if a shareholder determines to buy additional common shares or sell shares already held, the shareholder may do so by trading through a broker on the NYSE or otherwise. Shares of closed-end investment companies frequently trade on an exchange at prices lower than net asset value. Because the market value of the common shares may be influenced by such factors as dividend levels (which are in turn affected by expenses), dividend stability, net asset value, relative demand for and supply of such shares in the market, general market and economic conditions and other factors beyond the control of the Fund, the common shares may not trade at a price equal to or higher than net asset value in the future. The common shares are designed primarily for long-term investors, and you should not purchase the common shares if you intend to sell them soon after purchase. See the Statement of Additional Information under “Repurchase of Common Shares.”

 

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The following table provides information about the Fund’s outstanding common shares as of April 4, 2019. The Fund does not currently hold any of its shares for its own account.

 

Title of Class

   (1)
Amount
Authorized
     (2)
Amount
Outstanding
     (3)
Amount Held by the Fund
or for its Account
   (4)
Amount Outstanding
Exclusive of Amount Shown
Under (3)

Common Shares

     Unlimited        23,312,107.000         23,312,107.000

The Board has the power to cause each holder of common or preferred shares of the Fund to pay directly, in advance or arrears, for charges of distribution, of the custodian or transfer, shareholder servicing or similar agent, a pro rata amount as determined from time to time by the Board, by setting off such charges due from such shareholder from declared but unpaid dividends or distributions owed such shareholder and/or by reducing the number of shares in the account of such shareholder by that number of full and/or fractional shares which represents the outstanding amount of such charges due from such shareholder. In the event the Trustees determine to cause each shareholder to pay certain expenses directly by setting off such expenses due from a shareholder from dividends payable to such shareholder, the shareholder generally will be deemed to receive, and incur U.S. federal income taxes on, the full amount of the distribution paid to such shareholder, prior to its reduction by the expenses allocated to the shareholder. Alternatively, to the extent the Trustees determine to cause each shareholder to pay certain expenses directly by reducing the number of shares in the shareholder’s account by the amount of the expenses allocated to the shareholder, such reduction in shares generally will constitute a redemption for U.S. federal income tax purposes, giving rise to capital gain or loss on the shares redeemed. See “Tax Matters” below for more information about the tax treatment of distributions and redemptions from the Fund. In either case, the expenses directly charged to the shareholder generally will be deductible by such shareholder for U.S. federal income tax purposes, but may be subject to the 2% floor on miscellaneous itemized deductions and other significant limitations on itemized deductions set forth in the Code.

Voting Rights. Shareholders shall have power to vote only (i) for the election of Trustees, (ii) for the removal of the Trustees, (iii) with respect to any termination of the Fund, (iv) with respect to any amendment of the Declaration of Trust, and (v) with respect to such additional matters relating to the Fund as may be required by applicable law, including the 1940 Act, this Declaration of Trust, the Bylaws or any registration of the Fund with the Securities and Exchange Commission (or any successor agency) or any state, or as the Trustees may consider necessary or desirable. All such voting rights are further described and delineated in the Fund’s Declaration of Trust.

Each whole share is entitled to one vote as to any matter on which it is entitled to vote and each fractional share is entitled to a proportionate fractional vote. On any matter submitted to a vote of shareholders, all shares of the Fund then entitled to vote will, except as otherwise provided in the Bylaws, be voted in the aggregate as a single class without regard to series or classes of shares, except (1) when required by the 1940 Act or when the Trustees shall have determined that the matter affects one or more series or classes of Shares materially differently, Shares shall be voted by individual series or class; and (2) when the Trustees have determined that the matter affects only the interest of one or more series or classes, only shareholders or such series or classes shall be entitled to vote thereon. There shall be no cumulative voting in the election of Trustees.

For information concerning the U.S. federal income tax consequences of an investment in common shares of the Fund, See “Tax Matters” below and “Tax Matters” in the Statement of Additional Information.

PREFERRED SHARES

The Fund’s Agreement and Declaration of Trust provides that the Board may authorize and issue preferred shares with rights as determined by the Board, by action of the Board without the approval of the holders of the common shares. Holders of common shares have no preemptive right to purchase any preferred shares that might be issued. Whenever preferred shares are outstanding, the Fund will not be permitted to declare any distributions from the Fund unless all accrued dividends on preferred shares have been paid, unless asset coverage (as defined in the 1940 Act) with respect to preferred shares would be at least 200% after giving effect to the distributions and unless certain other requirements imposed by any rating agencies rating the preferred shares have been met.

Currently, an unlimited number of the Fund’s shares have been classified by the Board as preferred shares, par value $0.001 per share. The terms of such preferred shares may be fixed by the Board and would materially limit and/or qualify the rights of the holders of the Fund’s common shares. Although the terms of any preferred shares, including dividend rate, liquidation preference and redemption provisions, will be determined by the Board, subject to applicable law and the Fund’s Agreement and Declaration of Trust, it is likely that the preferred shares will be structured to carry a relatively short-term dividend rate reflecting interest rates on short-term bonds, by providing for the periodic redetermination of the dividend rate at relatively short intervals through an auction, remarketing or other procedure. The Fund also believes that it is likely that the liquidation preference, voting rights and redemption provisions of the preferred shares will be similar to those stated below.

 

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Liquidation Preference. In the event of any voluntary or involuntary liquidation, dissolution or winding up of the Fund, the holders of preferred shares will be entitled to receive a preferential liquidating distribution, which is expected to equal the original purchase price per preferred share plus accrued and unpaid dividends, whether or not declared, before any distribution of assets is made to holders of common shares. After payment of the full amount of the liquidating distribution to which they are entitled, the holders of preferred shares will not be entitled to any further participation in any distribution of assets by the Fund.

Voting Rights. The 1940 Act requires that the holders of any preferred shares, voting separately as a single class, have the right to elect at least two trustees at all times. The remaining trustees will be elected by holders of common shares and preferred shares, voting together as a single class. In addition, subject to the prior rights, if any, of the holders of any other class of senior securities outstanding, the holders of any preferred shares have the right to elect a majority of the Trustees of the Fund at any time two years’ dividends on any preferred shares are unpaid. The 1940 Act also requires that, in addition to any approval by shareholders that might otherwise be required, the approval of the holders of a majority of any outstanding preferred shares, voting separately as a class, would be required to (i) adopt any plan of reorganization that would adversely affect the preferred shares, and (ii) take any action requiring a vote of security holders under Section 13(a) of the 1940 Act, including, among other things, changes in the Fund’s subclassification as a closed-end investment company or changes in its fundamental investment restrictions. As a result of these voting rights, the Fund’s ability to take any such actions may be impeded to the extent that are any preferred shares outstanding. The Board presently intends that, except as otherwise indicated in this Prospectus Supplement and except as otherwise required by applicable law, holders of preferred shares will have equal voting rights with holders of common shares (one vote per share, unless otherwise required by the 1940 Act) and will vote together with holders of common shares as a single class.

The affirmative vote of the holders of a majority of the outstanding preferred shares, voting as a separate class, will be required to amend, alter or repeal any of the preferences, rights or powers of holders of preferred shares that materially and adversely affect such preferences, rights or powers, or to increase or decrease the authorized number of preferred shares. The class vote of holders of preferred shares described above will in each case be in addition to any other vote required to authorize the action in question.

Redemption, Purchase and Sale of Preferred Shares by the Fund. The terms of the preferred shares are expected to provide that (i) they are redeemable by the Fund in whole or in part at the original purchase price per share plus accrued dividends per share, (ii) the Fund may tender for or purchase preferred shares, and (iii) the Fund may subsequently resell any shares so tendered for or purchased.

Any redemption or purchase of preferred shares by the Fund will reduce the leverage applicable to the common shares, while any resale of shares by the Fund will increase that leverage.

The discussion above describes the possible offering of preferred shares by the Fund. If the Board determines to proceed with such an offering, the terms of the preferred shares may be the same as, or different from, the terms described above, subject to applicable law and the Fund’s Agreement and Declaration of Trust. The Board, without the approval of the holders of common shares, may authorize an offering of preferred shares or may determine not to authorize such an offering and may fix the terms of the preferred shares to be offered.

SUBSCRIPTION RIGHTS

General

We may issue subscription rights to holders of our common and/or preferred shares to purchase common and/or fixed rate preferred shares. Subscription rights may be issued independently or together with any other offered security and may or may not be transferable by the person purchasing or receiving the subscription rights. In connection with a subscription rights offering to holders of our common and/or preferred shares, we would distribute certificates evidencing the subscription rights and a Prospectus Supplement to our common or preferred shareholders, as applicable, as of the record date that we set for determining the shareholders eligible to receive subscription rights in such subscription rights offering.

The applicable Prospectus Supplement would describe the following terms of subscription rights in respect of which this Prospectus is being delivered:

 

   

the period of time the offering would remain open;

 

   

the title of such subscription rights;

 

   

the exercise price for such subscription rights (or method of calculation thereof);

 

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the ratio of the offering;

 

   

the number of such subscription rights issued to each shareholder;

 

   

the extent to which such subscription rights are transferable and the market on which they may be traded if they are transferable;

 

   

the date on which the right to exercise such subscription rights shall commence, and the date on which such right shall expire (subject to any extension);

 

   

the extent to which such subscription rights include an over-subscription privilege with respect to unsubscribed securities and the terms of such over-subscription privilege;

 

   

any termination right we may have in connection with such subscription rights offering; and

 

   

any other terms of such subscription rights, including exercise, settlement and other procedures and limitations relating to the transfer and exercise of such subscription rights.

Exercise of Subscription Rights

Each subscription right would entitle the holder of the subscription right to purchase for cash such amount of shares of common shares at such exercise price as shall in each case be set forth in, or be determinable as set forth in, the Prospectus Supplement relating to the subscription rights offered thereby. Under the 1940 Act, we may generally only offer subscription rights that expire not later than 120 days after their issuance and are issued exclusively and ratably to a class or classes of our security holders. Subscription rights may be exercised at any time up to the close of business on the expiration date for such subscription rights set forth in the Prospectus Supplement. After the close of business on the expiration date, all unexercised subscription rights would become void.

Subscription rights may be exercised as set forth in the Prospectus Supplement relating to the subscription rights offered thereby. Upon receipt of payment and the subscription rights certificate properly completed and duly executed at the corporate trust office of the subscription rights agent or any other office indicated in the Prospectus Supplement we will forward, as soon as practicable, the common shares purchasable upon such exercise. To the extent permissible under applicable law, we may determine to offer any unsubscribed offered securities directly to persons other than shareholders, to or through agents, underwriters or dealers or through a combination of such methods, as set forth in the applicable Prospectus Supplement. The Fund’s common shareholders will indirectly bear all of the expenses of any subscription rights offerings, regardless of whether the Fund’s common shareholders exercise any subscription rights.

Dilutive Effect

The Fund may effectuate one or more rights offerings, as part of which the Fund will issue subscription rights. In any such event, shareholders who do not fully exercise their subscription rights should expect that they will, at the completion of a rights offering pursuant to this Prospectus, own a smaller proportional interest in the Fund than would otherwise be the case if they fully exercised their rights. We cannot state precisely the amount of any such dilution in share ownership because we do not know at this time what proportion of the shares will be purchased as a result of such rights offering. These shareholders will also experience a disproportionately greater decrease in their participation in the Fund’s earnings and assets and their voting power than the increase the Fund will experience in its assets, potential earning power and voting interests due to such offering. These shareholders may also experience a decline in the market price of their shares, which often reflects to some degree announced or potential increases and decreases in net asset value per share. This decrease could be more pronounced as the size of the offering and level of discounts increases. Further, if current shareholders do not purchase any shares to maintain their percentage interest, regardless of whether such offering is above or below the then current net asset value, their voting power will be diluted.

In addition, if the subscription price in any such offering is less than the net asset value per share of our common shares, then shareholders would experience an immediate dilution of the aggregate net asset value of their shares as a result of the offering. The amount of any decrease in net asset value is not predictable because it is not known at this time what the subscription price and net asset value per share will be on the expiration date of a rights offering or what proportion of the shares will be purchased as a result of such rights offering. Any dilution could be substantial and may be compounded by any subsequent rights offering the Fund may undertake.

U.S. Federal Income Tax Consequences of an Issuance of Subscription Rights to Common Shareholders

The following is a summary of the material U.S. federal income tax consequences of an issuance of subscription rights to our common shareholders pursuant to this Prospectus (for purposes of this section, each such issuance is referred to as an “offer” and each subscription right, a “right”), under the provisions of the Code, U.S. Treasury regulations promulgated under the Code (“Treasury

 

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regulations”), and other applicable authority in effect as of the date of the Prospectus that are generally applicable to common shareholders and other holders of rights to purchase common shares who are “United States persons” within the meaning of the Code. This summary does not address any state, local, foreign or other tax consequences. These authorities may be changed, possibly with retroactive effect, or become subject to new legislative, administrative, or judicial interpretation. Common shareholders or other holders of rights should consult their tax advisors regarding the tax consequences, including U.S. federal, state, or local, or foreign or other tax consequences, relevant to their particular circumstances. This summary assumes that the rights are issued separately by the Fund and not as part of a unit consisting of two or more securities.

The Fund believes that the value of any right issued pursuant to an offer will not be includible in the income of a common shareholder at the time the right is issued, and the Fund will not report to the IRS that a common shareholder has income as a result of the issuance of the right; however, depending on the specific terms of the offer, there may be no guidance directly on point concerning certain aspects of the taxation of the offer. The remainder of this discussion assumes that the receipt of the rights by common shareholders will not be a taxable event for U.S. federal income tax purposes.

The basis of a right issued to a common shareholder will be zero, and the basis of the common share(s) with respect to which the right was issued (the “Old Share(s)”) will remain unchanged, except that the shareholder must allocate its basis in the Old Share(s) between the Old Shares and the right in proportion to their respective fair market values on the date of distribution of the right if (i) either (a) the fair market value of the right on the date of distribution is at least 15% of the fair market value of the Old Share(s) on that date, or (b) the shareholder affirmatively elects (in the manner set out in Treasury regulations) to allocate to the right a portion of the basis of the Old Share(s), and (ii) the right does not expire unexercised in the hands of the shareholder (i.e., the shareholder either exercises or sells the right following its issuance). In compliance with Treasury regulations, the Fund will report to the common shareholders and to the IRS within 45 days of the distribution of the rights (or, if earlier, January 15 of the year following the calendar year of the distribution), either by mail or on the Fund’s website, the effect, if any, of the offer on the common shareholders’ basis in their Old Shares. Any determination the Fund makes with respect to the value of the rights in connection with this reporting requirement will not be binding on the IRS. Shareholders should consult with their tax advisers to determine the proper allocation, if any, of tax basis between rights and Old Shares, including whether the election described above would be appropriate for their situation.

No loss will be recognized by a common shareholder if a right distributed to such shareholder expires unexercised in the hands of such shareholder.

The basis of a right purchased in the market generally will be its purchase price. If a right that has been purchased in the market expires unexercised, the holder will recognize a loss equal to the basis of the right.

Any gain or loss on the sale of a right or, in the case of rights purchased in the market, any loss from a right that expires unexercised, will be a capital gain or loss if the right is held as a capital asset (which, in the case of rights issued to common shareholders, will normally depend on whether the Old Shares are held as capital assets), and will be a long-term capital gain or loss if the holding period of the right exceeds (or is deemed to exceed) one year. The deductibility of capital losses is subject to limitation. The holding period of a right issued to a common shareholder will include the holding period of the Old Share(s).

No gain or loss will be recognized by a holder upon the exercise of a right, and the basis of any common share acquired upon exercise (the “New Share”) will equal the sum of the basis, if any, of the right and the subscription price for the New Share. When a holder exercises a right, the holder’s holding period in the New Share(s) does not include the time during which the holder held the unexercised right; the holding period of the New Share(s) will begin no later than the date following the date of exercise of the right.

Employee retirement plans and other tax-exempt entities, including governmental plans, should also be aware that if they borrow in order to finance their exercise of rights, they may become subject to the tax on unrelated business taxable income (“UBTI”) under Section 511 of the Code. If any portion of an individual retirement account (“IRA”) is used as security for a loan, the portion so used may also be treated as distributed to the IRA depositor.

For more information relating to the U.S. federal income tax consequences of an investment in the Fund, see “Tax Matters” below and “Tax Matters” in the SAI.

EMPLOYEE PLAN CONSIDERATIONS

Shareholders whose shares are held in employee benefit plans subject to the Employee Retirement Income Security Act of 1974 (“ERISA”) or Section 4975 of the Code (including corporate savings and 401(k) plans, Keogh or H.R. 10 plans of self-employed individuals and individual retirement accounts) (each, a “Plan”) should be aware that additional contributions of cash to the Plan (other than rollover contributions or trustee-to-trustee transfers from other Plans) in order to exercise rights would be treated as contributions to such Plan and, when taken together with contributions previously made, may result in, among other things, excise

 

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taxes for excess or nondeductible contributions. In the case of Plans qualified under Section 401(a) of the Code and certain other retirement plans, additional cash contributions could cause the maximum contribution limitations of Section 415 of the Code or other qualification rules to be violated. In addition, there may be other adverse tax and ERISA consequences if rights are sold or transferred by a Plan.

Plans also should be aware that if they borrow in order to finance their exercise of rights, they may become subject to the tax on UBTI under Section 511 of the Code. If any portion of an IRA is used as security for a loan, the portion so used also is treated as distributed to the IRA depositor.

ERISA contains fiduciary responsibility requirements, and ERISA and the Code contain prohibited transaction rules that may affect the exercise or transfer of rights. Due to the complexity of these rules and the penalties for noncompliance, fiduciaries of Plans and other retirement plans should consult with their counsel and other advisers regarding the consequences of their exercise or transfer of rights under ERISA and the Code.

Market and Net Asset Value Information

The Fund’s common shares are listed on the NYSE under the symbol HGLB. The Fund’s common shares commenced trading on the NYSE in February 2019. In the brief time the Fund has operated as a closed-end fund, the Fund’s common shares have traded at a discount to net asset value. The Fund cannot predict whether its shares will trade in the future at a premium or discount to net asset value. Issuance of additional common shares may have an adverse effect on prices in the secondary market for the Fund’s common shares by increasing the number of shares available, which may put downward pressure on the market price for the shares.

The following table sets forth, for each of the periods indicated, the high and low closing market prices of the Fund’s common shares on the NYSE, the corresponding net asset value per share on such dates and the corresponding premium/discount to net asset value per share on such dates. See “Net Asset Value” for information as to how the Fund’s net asset value is determined.

 

     Market Price     Net Asset Value
per Share
    Premium/
(Discount) as
a %

of Net Asset
Value
 

Quarter

   High     Low     High     Low     High     Low  

1st Quarter 2019

   $ [XX   $ [XX   $ [XX   $ [XX     [XX ]%      [XX ]% 

The Fund’s net asset value per common share at the close of business on [XXX], 2019 was $[XXX], and the last reported sale price of a common share on the NYSE on that day was $[XX], a discount to net asset value of [XX]%.

Anti-Takeover Provisions in the Agreement and Declaration of Trust

The Agreement and Declaration of Trust includes provisions that could have the effect of limiting the ability of other entities or persons to acquire control of the Fund or to change the composition of its Board. This could have the effect of depriving shareholders of an opportunity to sell their shares at a premium over prevailing market prices by discouraging a third party from seeking to obtain control over the Fund. Such attempts could have the effect of increasing the expenses of the Fund and disrupting the normal operation of the Fund. The Board is divided into three classes, with the terms of one class expiring at each annual meeting of shareholders. At each annual meeting, one class of trustees is elected to a three-year term. This provision could delay for up to two years the replacement of a majority of the Board. A trustee may be removed from office (for cause, and not without cause) by the action of a majority of the remaining trustees followed by a vote of the holders of at least 75% of the shares then entitled to vote for the election of the respective trustee.

In addition, the Fund’s Agreement and Declaration of Trust requires the favorable vote of a majority of the Board followed by the favorable vote of the holders of at least 75% of the outstanding shares of each affected class or series of the Fund, voting separately as a class or series, to approve, adopt or authorize certain transactions with 5% or greater holders of a class or series of shares and their associates, unless the transaction has been approved by at least 80% of the Trustees, in which case “a majority of the outstanding voting securities” (as defined in the 1940 Act) of the Fund shall be required. For purposes of these provisions, a 5% or greater holder of a class or series of shares (a “Principal Shareholder”) refers to any person who, whether directly or indirectly and whether alone or together with its affiliates and associates, beneficially owns 5% or more of the outstanding shares of all outstanding classes or series of shares of beneficial interest of the Fund.

The 5% holder transactions subject to these special approval requirements are: the merger or consolidation of the Fund or any subsidiary of the Fund with or into any Principal Shareholder; the issuance of any securities of the Fund to any Principal Shareholder for cash, except pursuant to any automatic dividend reinvestment plan; the sale, lease or exchange of all or any substantial part of the

 

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assets of the Fund to any Principal Shareholder, except assets having an aggregate fair market value of less than 2% of the total assets of the Fund, aggregating for the purpose of such computation all assets sold, leased or exchanged in any series of similar transactions within a twelve-month period; or the sale, lease or exchange to the Fund or any subsidiary of the Fund, in exchange for securities of the Fund, of any assets of any Principal Shareholder, except assets having an aggregate fair market value of less than 2% of the total assets of the Fund, aggregating for purposes of such computation all assets sold, leased or exchanged in any series of similar transactions within a twelve-month period.

For the purposes of calculating “a majority of the outstanding voting securities” under the Fund’s Agreement and Declaration of Trust, each class and series of the Fund shall vote together as a single class, except to the extent required by the 1940 Act or the Fund’s Agreement and Declaration of Fund, with respect to any class or series of shares. If a separate class vote is required, the applicable proportion of shares of the class or series, voting as a separate class or series, also will be required.

The Agreement and Declaration of Trust also provides that the Fund may be liquidated upon the approval of 80% of the Trustees.

The Board has determined that provisions with respect to the Board and the shareholder voting requirements described above, which voting requirements are greater than the minimum requirements under Delaware law or the 1940 Act, are in the best interest of shareholders generally. Reference should be made to the Fund’s Agreement and Declaration of Trust, on file with the Commission, for the full text of these provisions, the material terms of which are summarized in this Prospectus.

CLOSED-END STRUCTURE

Closed-end funds differ from open-end management investment companies (commonly referred to as mutual funds) in that closed-end funds generally list their shares for trading on a securities exchange and do not redeem their shares at the option of the shareholder. By comparison, mutual funds issue securities redeemable at NAV at the option of the shareholder and typically engage in a continuous offering of their shares. Mutual funds are subject to continuous asset in-flows and out-flows that can complicate portfolio management, whereas closed-end funds generally can stay more fully invested in securities consistent with the closed-end fund’s investment objective(s) and policies. In addition, in comparison to open-end funds, closed-end funds have greater flexibility in the employment of financial leverage and in the ability to make certain types of investments, including investments in illiquid securities.

However, shares of closed-end funds frequently trade at a discount from their net asset value. In recognition of the possibility that the Common Shares might trade at a discount to net asset value and that any such discount may not be in the interest of Common Shareholders, the Fund’s Board of Trustees (the “Board”), in consultation with the Adviser, from time to time may review possible actions to reduce any such discount. The Board might consider open market repurchases or tender offers for Common Shares at net asset value. There can be no assurance that the Board will decide to undertake any of these actions or that, if undertaken, such actions would result in the Common Shares trading at a price equal to or close to net asset value per Common Share.

REPURCHASE OF COMMON SHARES; DISCOUNT

Shares of closed-end investment companies often trade at a discount to their net asset value, and the Fund’s common shares may also trade at a discount to their net asset value, although it is possible that they may trade at a premium above net asset value. The market price of the Fund’s common shares will be determined by such factors as relative demand for and supply of such common shares in the market, the Fund’s net asset value, general market and economic conditions and other factors beyond the control of the Fund. See “Determination of Net Asset Value.” Although the Fund’s common shareholders will not have the right to redeem their common shares, the Fund may take action to repurchase common shares in the open market or make tender offers for its common shares. This may have the effect of reducing any market discount from net asset value. The Board may decide not to take any of these actions. In addition, there can be no assurance that share repurchases or tender offers, if undertaken, will reduce market discount. On August 3, 2018, the Board approved a share repurchase program (the “Repurchase Program”) pursuant to which the Fund may repurchase, over a six-month period beginning in December 2018, up to $20 million of its shares of its outstanding shares in open-market transactions.

The amount and timing of the repurchases will be at the discretion of the Fund’s investment adviser, subject to market conditions and investment considerations. There is no assurance that the Fund will purchase shares at any particular discount levels or in any particular amounts. Any repurchases made under the Repurchase Program would be made on a national securities exchange at the prevailing market price, subject to exchange requirements regarding volume, timing and other limitations under federal securities laws.

Notwithstanding the foregoing, at any time when there are outstanding borrowings, the Fund may not purchase, redeem or otherwise acquire any of its common shares unless (i) all accrued preferred shares dividends have been paid, and (ii) at the time of such purchase, redemption or acquisition, the net asset value of the Fund’s portfolio (determined after deducting the acquisition price of the common shares) is at least 200% of the liquidation value of the outstanding borrowings. Any service fees incurred in connection with any tender offer made by the Fund will be borne by the Fund and will not reduce the stated consideration to be paid to tendering shareholders.

 

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There is no assurance that, if action is undertaken to repurchase or tender for common shares, such action will result in the common shares trading at a price which approximates their net asset value. Although share repurchases and tenders could have a favorable effect on the market price of the Fund’s common shares, you should be aware that the acquisition of common shares by the Fund will decrease the capital of the Fund and, therefore, may have the effect of increasing the Fund’s expense ratio and decreasing the asset coverage with respect to any borrowings. Any share repurchases or tender offers will be made in accordance with requirements of the Exchange Act, the 1940 Act, and the principal stock exchange on which the common shares are traded. See the Fund’s Statement of Additional Information for a discussion of the U.S. federal income tax implications of a repurchase or tender offer by the Fund.

Before deciding whether to take any action if the common shares trade below net asset value, the Board would likely consider all relevant factors, including the extent and duration of the discount, the liquidity of the Fund’s portfolio, the impact of any action that might be taken on the Fund or its shareholders and market considerations. Based on these considerations, even if the Fund’s shares should trade at a discount, the Board may determine that, in the interest of the Fund and its shareholders, no action should be taken.

 

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TAXATION

The following discussion is a summary of some of the important U.S. federal income tax considerations generally applicable to an investment in the Fund. Your investment may have other tax implications. The discussion reflects provisions of the Code, existing Treasury regulations, rulings published by the IRS, and other applicable authorities, as of the date of this Prospectus. These authorities may be changed, possibly with retroactive effect, or subject to new legislative, administrative or judicial interpretations. No attempt is made to present a detailed explanation of all U.S. federal, state, local and foreign tax law concerns affecting the Fund and their shareholders, or to address all aspects of taxation that may apply to individual shareholders or to specific types of shareholders, such as foreign persons, that may qualify for special treatment under U.S. federal income tax laws. The discussion set forth herein does not constitute tax advice. Please consult your tax advisor about foreign, federal, state, local or other tax laws applicable to you in light of your particular circumstances. For more information, including for a summary of certain tax consequences to foreign investors of investing in the Fund, please see “Income Tax Considerations” in the SAI.

Taxation of the Fund

The Fund has elected to be treated and intends to qualify annually for treatment as a regulated investment company (a “RIC”) under Subchapter M of the Code, including by complying with the applicable qualifying income and diversification requirements. If the Fund so qualifies and satisfies certain distribution requirements, the Fund generally will not be subject to U.S. federal income tax on income and gains that the Fund distributes to its shareholders in a timely manner in the form of dividends, including capital gain dividends (as defined below). As described in “Dividends and Other Distributions” above, the Fund intends to distribute at least annually all or substantially all of its net investment income and net realized capital gains. The Fund will be subject to a Fund-level income tax at regular corporate income tax rates on any taxable income or gains that it does not distribute to its shareholders.

Amounts not distributed on a timely basis in accordance with a calendar year distribution requirement will be subject to a nondeductible 4% U.S. federal excise tax at the Fund level. To avoid the tax, the Fund must distribute during each calendar year an amount at least equal to the sum of (i) 98% of its ordinary income (not taking into account any capital gains or losses) for the calendar year, (ii) 98.2% of its capital gains in excess of its capital losses (adjusted for certain ordinary losses) for a one-year period ending on October 31 of the calendar year, and (iii) any undistributed amounts described in (i) and (ii) above from the prior year on which the Fund paid no U.S. federal income tax. While the Fund intends to distribute any income and capital gain in the manner necessary to minimize imposition of the 4% U.S. federal excise tax, there can be no assurance that sufficient amounts of the Fund’s taxable income and capital gain will be distributed to avoid entirely the imposition of the tax. In that event, the Fund will be liable for the excise tax only on the amount by which it does not meet the foregoing distribution requirement.

Additionally, if for any taxable year the Fund was not to qualify as a RIC, and were ineligible to or otherwise did not cure such failure, all of its taxable income and gain would be subject to a Fund-level tax at regular corporate income tax rates without any deduction for distributions to shareholders. This treatment would reduce the Fund’s net income available for investment or distribution to its shareholders. In addition, all distributions from earnings and profits, including any net long-term capital gains would be taxable to shareholders as ordinary income. Some portions of such distributions might be eligible for the dividends received deduction in the case of corporate shareholders or to be treated as “qualified dividend income” in the case of individual shareholders. The Fund also could be required to recognize unrealized gains, pay substantial taxes and interest and make substantial distributions before requalifying as a RIC that is accorded special tax treatment.

The tax rules applicable to certain derivative instruments in which the Fund may invest are uncertain under current law, including the provisions applicable to RICs under Subchapter M of the Code. For instance, the timing and character of income or gains arising from certain derivatives can be uncertain, including for purposes of the RIC qualification requirements under Subchapter M purposes. Accordingly, while the Fund intends to account for such transactions in a manner it deems to be appropriate, an adverse determination or future guidance by the IRS with respect to one or more of these rules (which determination or guidance could be retroactive) may adversely affect the Fund’s ability to meet one or more of the relevant requirements to maintain its qualification as a RIC, as well as to avoid Fund-level taxes.

Certain of the Fund’s investment practices, including entering into futures, options and other derivative transactions, short sales, and its hedging activities, generally, as well as the Fund’s investments in certain types of securities, including certain preferred stock, debt obligations issued or purchased at a discount, foreign debt securities, and securities of REITs may be subject to special and complex U.S. federal income tax provisions that may, among other things: (i) disallow, suspend or otherwise limit the allowance of certain losses or deductions; (ii) convert lower taxed long-term capital gain or “qualified dividend income” into higher taxed short-term capital gain or ordinary income; (iii) accelerate the recognition of income; (iv) convert short-term losses into long-term losses; (v) cause the Fund to recognize income or gain without a corresponding receipt of cash; (vi) adversely affect the time as to when a purchase or sale of stock or other securities is deemed to occur; (vii) cause adjustments in the holding periods of the Fund’s securities; or (viii) otherwise adversely alter the characterization of certain complex financial transactions. These U.S. federal income tax

 

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provisions could therefore affect the amount, timing and/or character of distributions to Fund shareholders. The Fund intends to monitor its transactions, may make certain tax elections, and may be required to, among other things, dispose of securities (including at a time when it is not advantageous to do so) to mitigate the effect of these provisions, prevent the Fund’s disqualification as a RIC, or avoid incurring Fund-level U.S. federal income and/or excise tax. The Fund intends to monitor its transactions, may make certain tax elections, and may be required to, among other things, dispose of securities (including at a time when it is not advantageous to do so) to mitigate the effect of these provisions, prevent the Fund’s disqualification as a RIC, or avoid incurring Fund-level U.S. federal income and/or excise tax. The Fund’s investments in certain derivative instruments and certain commodity-related investments, including ETFs and ETNs providing exposure to a single commodity or a commodities index, are or may be limited by its intention to qualify as a RIC, and, in certain cases, may adversely affect the Fund’s ability to qualify as a RIC in a particular year.

Interest and other income, as well as gain or proceeds received by a Fund from investments in foreign securities may be subject to withholding and other taxes imposed by foreign countries on dividends, interest, capital gains or other income or proceeds. Tax treaties between the U.S. and other countries may reduce or eliminate such taxes. Foreign withholding and other taxes paid by a Fund will reduce the return from the Fund’s investments to the extent that the Fund is unable to claim foreign tax credits in respect of such taxes. Under some circumstances, the Fund may be eligible to make a special election that generally will require you to include in income your share of any foreign income taxes paid by the Fund or by certain underlying investment companies in which the Fund invests. You may be able either to deduct this amount from your income or claim it as a foreign tax credit. There is no assurance that the Fund will make this special election for a taxable year even if it is eligible to do so.

The Fund may have high portfolio turnover during a year. High portfolio turnover can cause the Fund to realize greater amounts of short-term capital gains or other income than in the absence of such turnover and these amounts will generally be taxable to shareholders as ordinary income when distributed to them. As noted above, the Fund is generally required to distribute such additional income to its shareholders in respect of each taxable year.

Federal Income Taxation of Shareholders of the Fund

Taxation of Distributions. Distributions paid to you by the Fund from net capital gain realized by the Fund (that is, the excess of any net long-term capital gain over net short-term capital loss, in each case determined with reference to any loss carryforwards) that the Fund properly reports as capital gain dividends (“capital gain dividends”) generally are treated as long-term capital gain includible in net capital gain and taxable to individuals at reduced rates, regardless of how long you have held your shares. Distributions of investment income reported by the Fund as derived from “qualified dividend income” will be taxed in the hands of individuals at the rates applicable to net capital gains, provided holding periods and other requirements are met at both the shareholder and Fund level. All other dividends paid to you by the Fund (including dividends from short-term capital gain (that is, the excess of any net short-term capital gain over any net long-term capital loss)) from its current or accumulated earnings and profits, other than exempt-interest dividends (described below), generally are taxable to you as ordinary income. Corporations are taxed at the same rate on ordinary income as on capital gains.

Medicare Tax. Medicare contribution tax is imposed on the net investment income of certain individuals, trusts and estates to the extent their income exceeds certain threshold amounts. Net investment income generally includes for this purpose dividends paid by the Fund, including any capital gain dividends but excluding any exempt-interest dividends, and net gains recognized on the taxable sale, redemption or exchange of shares of the Fund. Shareholders are advised to consult their tax advisors regarding the possible implications of this additional tax on their investment in the Fund.

If, for any taxable year, the Fund’s total distributions exceed both its current earnings and profits and accumulated earnings and profits, the excess will generally be treated as a tax-free return of capital up to the amount of your tax basis in the shares. The amount treated as a tax-free return of capital will reduce your tax basis in the shares, thereby increasing your potential gain or reducing your potential loss on a subsequent sale of the shares. Any amounts distributed to you in excess of your tax basis in the shares will be taxable to you as capital gain (assuming the shares are held as a capital asset).

Dividends and other taxable distributions are taxable to you as described herein, whether received in cash or reinvested in additional shares of the Fund. Dividends and other distributions paid by the Fund generally are treated as received by you at the time the dividend or distribution is made. If, however, the Fund pays you a dividend in January that was declared in the previous October, November or December and you were a shareholder of record on a specified record date in one of those months, then such dividend will be treated for tax purposes as having been paid by the Fund and received by you on December 31 of the year in which the dividend was declared.

The price of shares purchased at any time may reflect the amount of a forthcoming dividend or other distribution. If you purchase shares just prior to a distribution (other than a distribution of exempt-interest dividends or of net investment income that the Fund declares daily, you will receive a distribution that will be taxable to you even though it represents in part a return of your invested capital.

 

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The Fund (or, if Fund shares are purchased through a Financial Advisor, the Financial Advisor) will send you information after the end of each calendar year setting forth the amount and tax status of any dividends or other distributions paid to you by the Fund. Dividends and other distributions may also be subject to state, local and other taxes.

In addition, any loss realized upon a taxable sale or exchange of Fund shares held (or deemed held) by you for six months or less will be treated as long-term, rather than short-term, to the extent of any capital gain dividends received (or deemed received) by you with respect to those shares. Present law taxes both long-term and short-term capital gains of corporations at the rates applicable to ordinary income.

The Fund (or, if Fund shares are purchased through a Financial Advisor, a Financial Advisor) may be required to withhold, for U.S. federal backup withholding tax purposes, a portion of the dividends and distributions payable to you if: (i) you fail to provide the Fund (or Financial Advisor) with your correct taxpayer identification number (in the case of an individual, generally, such individual’s social security number) or to make the required certification; or (ii) the Fund (or Financial Advisor) has been notified by the IRS that you are subject to backup withholding. Certain shareholders are exempt from backup withholding. Backup withholding is not an additional tax and any amount withheld may be refunded or credited against your U.S. federal income tax liability, if any, provided that you furnish the required information to the IRS.

THE FOREGOING IS A GENERAL AND ABBREVIATED SUMMARY OF THE PROVISIONS OF THE CODE AND THE TREASURY REGULATIONS IN EFFECT AS THEY DIRECTLY GOVERN THE TAXATION OF THE FUND AND ITS SHAREHOLDERS. THESE PROVISIONS ARE SUBJECT TO CHANGE BY LEGISLATIVE OR ADMINISTRATIVE ACTION, AND ANY SUCH CHANGE MAY BE RETROACTIVE. A MORE COMPLETE DISCUSSION OF THE TAX RULES APPLICABLE TO THE FUND CAN BE FOUND IN THE STATEMENT OF ADDITIONAL INFORMATION, WHICH IS INCORPORATED BY REFERENCE INTO THIS PROSPECTUS. SHAREHOLDERS ARE URGED TO CONSULT THEIR TAX ADVISERS REGARDING SPECIFIC QUESTIONS AS TO U.S. FEDERAL, STATE, LOCAL AND FOREIGN INCOME OR OTHER TAXES.

Custodian and Transfer Agent

The custodian of the assets of the Fund is BNY Mellon (240 Greenwich Street, New York, New York 10286. The custodian performs custodial services for the Fund. American Stock Transfer & Trust Company, LLC (6201 15th Avenue, Brooklyn, New York 11219; telephone (718) 921-8200) serves as the Fund’s transfer agent.

Privacy Principles of the Fund

The Fund is committed to maintaining the privacy of its shareholders and to safeguarding their non-public personal information. The following information is provided to help you understand what personal information the Fund collects, how the Fund protects that information and why, in certain cases, the Fund may share information with select other parties.

Generally, the Fund does not receive any non-public personal information relating to its shareholders, although certain non-public personal information of its shareholders may become available to the Fund. The Fund does not disclose any non-public personal information about its shareholders or former shareholders to anyone, except as permitted by law or as is necessary in order to service shareholder accounts (for example, to a transfer agent or third party administrator).

The Fund restricts access to non-public personal information about its shareholders to employees of the Fund’s Adviser and its affiliates with a legitimate business need for the information. The Fund maintains physical, electronic and procedural safeguards designed to protect the non-public personal information of its shareholders.

No dealer, salesperson or any other person has been authorized to give any information or to make any representations other than those contained in this Prospectus in connection with the Offer and, if given or made, such information or representations must not be relied upon as having been authorized by the Fund or the Adviser. This Prospectus does not constitute an offer to sell or the solicitation of any offer to buy any security other than the common shares of the Fund offered by this Prospectus, nor does it constitute an offer to sell or a solicitation of any offer to buy the common shares of the Fund by anyone in any jurisdiction in which such offer or solicitation is not authorized, or in which the person making such offer or solicitation is not qualified to do so, or to any such person to whom it is unlawful to make such offer or solicitation. Neither the delivery of this Prospectus nor any sale made hereunder shall, under any circumstances, create any implication that information contained herein is correct as of any time subsequent to the date hereof. However, if any material change occurs while this Prospectus is required by law to be delivered, the Prospectus will be amended or supplemented accordingly.

 

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Where You Can Find Additional Information

We have filed with the Commission a registration statement on Form N-2 together with all amendments and related exhibits under the Securities Act. The registration statement contains additional information about us and the securities being offered by this Prospectus.

We file annual and semi-annual reports, proxy statements and other information with the Commission. The information we file with the Commission is available free of charge by contacting us at 300 Crescent Court, Suite 700, Dallas, Texas 75201 or by telephone at 866-745-0264. The Commission also maintains a web site that contains reports, proxy statements and other information regarding registrants, including us, that file such information electronically with the Commission. The address of the Commission’s web site is www.sec.gov. Unless specifically incorporated into this Prospectus, documents contained on our web site or on the Commission’s web site about us are not incorporated into this Prospectus and should not be considered to be part of this Prospectus.

LEGAL PROCEEDINGS

The Fund received a shareholder demand letter dated March 1, 2018, from an individual purporting to be a shareholder of the Fund (the “Demand Letter”). The Demand Letter alleges that the current and former Board of Highland Funds II breached their fiduciary duties, and the Adviser breached its advisory agreement, in relation to the Fund’s investment in shares of an affiliated mutual fund, the Highland Energy MLP Fund (also a series of Highland Funds II). Upon receipt of the Demand Letter, the Board formed a Demand Review Committee (“DRC”) comprised entirely of independent trustees to investigate these claims and to make a recommendation to the Board regarding whether pursuit of these claims is in the best interests of the Fund. Aided by independent counsel to the committee, the DRC engaged in a thorough and detailed review of the allegations contained in the Demand Letter. Upon completion of its evaluation, the DRC recommended that the Fund’s independent trustees, who represent a majority of the Board, reject the demand specified in the shareholder Demand Letter. After considering the report of the DRC, the independent trustees unanimously agreed and rejected the demand, noting that the Demand Letter contained material factual errors and incorrect assumptions, and the proposed suit was meritless and should not be pursued. A copy of the report was provided to the purported shareholder and her counsel.

Notwithstanding the foregoing, the purported shareholder (the “Plaintiff”) filed a shareholder derivative suit against the Fund, certain members of the Board and the Adviser on September 5, 2018 (the “Shareholder Litigation). Pursuant to applicable federal rules of procedure, the Plaintiff was required to include the DRC’s independent report as an attachment to its complaint, but failed to do so. The Adviser believes the Plaintiff failed to attach the DRC report as required because it is entirely exculpatory. Based on the extensive pre-suit investigation and the resulting report, The Fund, Board and Adviser believe the claims made in the Shareholder Litigation are without merit and intend to vigorously defend themselves. The case is Lanotte v. Highland Global Allocation Fund et al, 3:18-cv-02360, U.S. District Court for the Northern District of Texas (Dallas).

 

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TABLE OF CONTENTS OF STATEMENT OF ADDITIONAL INFORMATION

SAI TABLE OF CONTENTS

 

     Page  

THE FUND

     A-1  

INVESTMENT STRATEGIES AND RISKS

     A-1  

PORTFOLIO TURNOVER

     A-23  

INVESTMENT RESTRICTIONS

     A-24  

PORTFOLIO TRANSACTIONS AND BROKERAGE

     A-25  

MANAGEMENT OF THE FUND

     A-27  

ADMINISTRATOR

     A-37  

CUSTODIAN

     A-38  

TRANSFER AGENT AND DIVIDEND PAYING AGENT

     A-38  

INDEPENDENT PUBLIC REGISTERED ACCOUNTING FIRM

     A-38  

COUNSEL

     A-38  

CERTAIN AFFILIATIONS

     A-38  

DIVIDENDS AND DISTRIBUTIONS

     A-39  

INCOME TAX CONSIDERATIONS

     A-39  

PRINCIPAL HOLDERS OF SECURITIES

     A-51  

FUND HISTORY AND ADDITIONAL INFORMATION

     A-51  

FINANCIAL STATEMENTS

     A-52  

APPENDIX A

     A-53  

APPENDIX B

     1  

 

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The information in this Statement of Additional Information is not complete and may be changed. We may not sell these securities until the registration statement filed with the Securities and Exchange Commission is effective. This Statement of Additional Information is not an offer to sell these securities and is not soliciting an offer to buy these securities in any state where the offer or sale is not permitted.

HIGHLAND GLOBAL ALLOCATION FUND

STATEMENT OF ADDITIONAL INFORMATION

April 8, 2019

300 Crescent Court, Suite 700,

Dallas, Texas 75201

For information, call 1-866-745-0264

This Statement of Additional Information (“SAI”) supplements the information contained in the Prospectus of Highland Global Allocation Fund (the “Fund”) dated April 8, 2019 (the “Prospectus”), and should be read in conjunction with the Prospectus. The Fund is a non-diversified, closed-end management investment company. This SAI, although not a prospectus, is incorporated in its entirety by reference into the Prospectus. Copies of the Prospectus describing the Fund may be obtained without charge by calling the Fund at the telephone number listed above.

On February 13, 2019 (the “Conversion Date”), the Fund converted from Highland Global Allocation Fund (the “Predecessor Fund”), an open-end series of Highland Funds II (the “Predecessor Trust”), a Massachusetts business trust, to a standalone closed-end fund, also a Massachusetts business (the “Conversion”). As part of the Conversion, shares of the Predecessor Fund that had been previously registered and were then-currently outstanding were converted into newly registered and issued shares of the Fund. The Fund is the successor to the accounting and performance information of the Predecessor Fund. All information included herein for periods prior to the Conversion Date is that of the Predecessor Fund. The Predecessor Fund’s financial statements for the year ended September 30, 2018, including the independent registered public accounting firm’s report thereon found in the Predecessor Fund’s most recent annual report to shareholders, are incorporated into this SAI by reference.

For a free copy of the Predecessor Fund’s Annual or Semi-Annual Reports (and the Fund’s Annual or Semi-Annual Reports when available), please call 1-866-745-0264. Information regarding the status of shareholder accounts may be obtained by calling the Fund at the telephone number listed above or by writing the Fund at American Stock Transfer & Trust Company, LLC 6201 15th Avenue, Brooklyn, New York 11219. Terms that are defined in the Prospectus shall have the same meanings in this SAI.

 

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TABLE OF CONTENTS

 

     Page  

THE FUND

     A-1  

INVESTMENT STRATEGIES AND RISKS

     A-1  

PORTFOLIO TURNOVER

     A-23  

INVESTMENT RESTRICTIONS

     A-24  

PORTFOLIO TRANSACTIONS AND BROKERAGE

     A-25  

MANAGEMENT OF THE FUND

     A-27  

ADMINISTRATOR

     A-37  

CUSTODIAN

     A-38  

TRANSFER AGENT AND DIVIDEND PAYING AGENT

     A-38  

INDEPENDENT PUBLIC REGISTERED ACCOUNTING FIRM

     A-38  

COUNSEL

     A-38  

CERTAIN AFFILIATIONS

     A-38  

DIVIDENDS AND DISTRIBUTIONS

     A-39  

INCOME TAX CONSIDERATIONS

     A-39  

PRINCIPAL HOLDERS OF SECURITIES

     A-51  

FUND HISTORY AND ADDITIONAL INFORMATION

     A-51  

FINANCIAL STATEMENTS

     A-52  

APPENDIX A

     A-53  

APPENDIX B

     1  

 

 

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THE FUND

The Prospectus discusses the investment objectives and investment strategies of the Fund. The Fund is a non-diversified, closed-end management investment company that was organized as a Massachusetts business trust pursuant to its Declaration of Trust dated June 28, 2017. The Trust’s principal office is located at 200 Crescent Court, Suite 700, Dallas, Texas 75201 and its telephone number is 972-628-4100. On February 13, 2019, the Fund converted from Highland Global Allocation Fund (the “Predecessor Fund”), an open-end series of Highland Funds II (the “Predecessor Trust”), a Massachusetts business trust, to a standalone closed end fund, also a Massachusetts business (the “Conversion”). As part of the Conversion, shares of the Predecessor Fund that had been previously registered and were then-currently outstanding were converted into newly registered and issued shares of the Fund. This SAI relates only to the Fund.

Highland Capital Management Fund Advisors, L.P. (“HCMFA” or the “Adviser”) is the investment adviser to the Fund.

USE OF PROCEEDS

Unless otherwise specified in a Prospectus Supplement, the Fund will invest the net proceeds of any sales of securities (the “Offering”) in accordance with the Fund’s investment objectives and policies as stated below, or use such proceeds for other general corporate purposes. Assuming current market conditions, the Fund estimates that investment of the net proceeds of the Offering will be substantially complete within one to three months of the completion of the Offering. Pending such investment, it is anticipated that the proceeds of the Offering will be invested in cash and/or short-term debt securities or used to pay down existing leverage.

INVESTMENT STRATEGIES AND RISKS

The principal investment objective of the Fund is fundamental and cannot be changed without the approval of a majority of the outstanding voting shares of beneficial interest of the Fund. Certain of the Fund’s investment restrictions are fundamental and cannot be changed without shareholder approval, while certain other investment restrictions, as well as the investment policies, of the Fund are not fundamental and may be changed by the Fund’s Board of Trustees (the “Board”) without shareholder approval.

There can be no assurance that the Fund will achieve its investment objective. Investors should not consider the one Fund alone to be a complete investment program. The Fund is subject to the risk of changing economic conditions, as well as the risk inherent in the ability of a portfolio manager to make changes in the composition of the Fund in anticipation of changes in economic, business and financial conditions. As with any security, a risk of loss is inherent in an investment in the shares of the Fund. The securities, investments, and investment practices used by the Fund all have attendant risks of varying degrees. For example, with respect to equity securities, there can be no assurance of capital appreciation and there is a substantial risk of decline. With respect to debt securities, there exists the risk that the issuer of a security may not be able to meet its obligations on interest or principal payments at the time required by the instrument. In addition, the value of debt instruments generally rise and fall inversely with prevailing current interest rates. As described below, an investment in the Fund entails special additional risks as a result of its ability to invest a substantial portion of their assets in foreign securities.

Supplemental information concerning certain of the securities and other instruments in which the Fund may invest, the investment policies and strategies that the Fund may utilize and certain risks attendant to those investments, policies and strategies is provided below. Unless otherwise indicated, the Fund is permitted to engage in the following investment strategies and techniques. The Fund is not obligated to pursue the following strategies or techniques and does not represent that these strategies or techniques are available now or will be available at any time in the future. The Fund will not purchase all of the following types of securities or employ all of the following strategies unless doing so is consistent with its investment objective.

Money Market Instruments. The types of money market instruments in which the Fund may invest either directly or indirectly are as follows: (i) securities issued or guaranteed by the U.S. Government or one of its agencies or instrumentalities (“Government Securities”); (ii) debt obligations of banks, savings and loan institutions, insurance companies and mortgage bankers; (iii) commercial paper and notes, including those with variable and floating rates of interest; (iv) debt obligations of foreign branches of U.S. banks, U.S. branches of foreign banks and foreign branches of foreign banks; (v) debt obligations issued or guaranteed by one or more foreign governments or any of their political subdivisions, agencies or instrumentalities, including obligations of supranational entities; (vi) debt securities issued by foreign issuers; and (vii) repurchase agreements.

 

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The Fund may invest in the following types of Government Securities: debt obligations of varying maturities issued by the U.S. Treasury or issued or guaranteed by an entity controlled by or supervised by, and acting as an instrumentality of, the Government of the United States pursuant to authority granted by the United States Congress, such as the following: the Federal Housing Administration, Farmers Home Administration, Export-Import Bank of the United States, Small Business Administration, Government National Mortgage Association (“Ginnie Mae”), General Services Administration, Central Bank for Cooperatives, Federal Farm Credit Banks Funding Corporation, Federal Home Loan Banks, Federal Home Loan Mortgage Corporation (“Freddie Mac”), Federal Intermediate Credit Banks, Federal Land Banks, Federal National Mortgage Association (“Fannie Mae”), Federal Deposit Insurance Corporation (“FDIC”), Maritime Administration, Tennessee Valley Authority, District of Columbia Armory Board, Student Loan Marketing Association and Resolution Trust Corporation. Direct obligations of the U.S. Treasury include a variety of securities that differ in their interest rates, maturities and dates of issuance. Certain of the Government Securities that may be held by the Fund are instruments that are supported by the full faith and credit of the United States (i.e., U.S. Treasury bills and notes and obligations of Ginnie Mae), whereas other Government Securities that may be held by the Fund are supported by the right of the issuer to borrow from the U.S. Treasury (i.e., Fannie Mae) or are supported solely by the credit of the instrumentality (i.e., obligations of Freddie Mac). In September 2008, the Federal Housing Finance Agency placed Fannie Mae and Freddie Mac into conservatorship to control their operations. Certain financing arrangements were put in place to support their bonds, but they are not backed by the full faith and credit of the U.S. Government. Also included as U.S. Government Securities are bank-issued debt instruments that are guaranteed by the FDIC under its Temporary Liquidity Guarantee Program, which is backed by the full faith and credit of the U.S. Government. Other securities issued by a Government agency or related entity also may be considered Government Securities even though they are considered derivatives or use complex structures, such as stripped mortgage-backed securities, or interest-only or principal-only securities. Because the U.S. Government is not obligated by law to provide support to an instrumentality that it sponsors, the Fund will invest in obligations issued by an instrumentality of the U.S. Government only if the portfolio manager determines that the instrumentality’s credit risk does not make its securities unsuitable for investment by the Fund. For purposes of a repurchase agreement entered into by the Fund, however, Government Securities serving as collateral for that repurchase agreement means only those types of Government Securities that permit the Fund to look-through the repurchase agreement to that collateral for the purposes permitted by the 1940 Act, to the extent it is necessary or appropriate for the Fund to look through to that collateral.

The Fund may also invest in money market instruments issued or guaranteed by foreign governments or by any of their political subdivisions, authorities, agencies or instrumentalities. Money market instruments held by the Fund, which has different requirements, may be rated no lower than A-2 by Standard & Poor’s, a division of The McGraw Hill Companies, Inc. (“S&P”) or Prime-2 by Moody’s Investors Service, Inc. (“Moody’s”) or the equivalent from another nationally recognized statistical rating organization (“NRSRO”), or if unrated, must be issued by an issuer having an outstanding unsecured debt issue then rated within the three highest categories. A description of the rating systems of Moody’s and S&P is contained in Appendix A. At no time will the investments of the Fund in bank obligations, including time deposits, exceed 25% of the value of the Fund’s assets.

Cash and Temporary Defensive Positions. During periods when the portfolio manager believes there are adverse market, economic, political or currency conditions domestically or abroad, the portfolio manager may assume, on behalf of the Fund, a temporary defensive posture and (i) without limitation hold cash, or (ii) restrict the securities markets in which the Fund’s assets are invested by investing those assets in securities markets deemed by the portfolio manager to be conservative in light of the Fund’s investment objectives and policies. Under normal circumstances, the Fund may invest a portion of its total assets in cash: (i) pending investment; (ii) for investment purposes; (iii) for cash management purposes, such as to pay operating expenses; and (iv) during the Fund restructuring. The Fund may also hold cash under circumstances where the liquidation of the Fund has been approved by the Board and therefore investments in accordance with the Fund’s investment objectives and policies would no longer be appropriate. To the extent that the Fund holds cash, it may not achieve its investment objective.

Cash. Includes bank deposits and highly rated, liquid short-term instruments, such as money market instruments. Certain of these instruments may be referred to as cash equivalents.

Bank Obligations. Domestic commercial banks organized under Federal law are supervised and examined by the U.S. Comptroller of the Currency and are required to be members of the Federal Reserve System and to be insured by the FDIC. Foreign branches of U.S. banks and foreign banks are not regulated by U.S. banking authorities and generally are not bound by mandatory reserve requirements, loan limitations, accounting, auditing and financial reporting standards comparable to U.S. banks. Obligations of foreign branches of U.S. banks and foreign banks are subject to the risks associated with investing in foreign securities generally. These obligations entail risks that are different from those of investments in obligations in domestic banks, including foreign economic and political developments outside the United States, foreign governmental restrictions that may adversely affect payment of principal and interest on the obligations, foreign exchange controls and foreign withholding or other taxes on income, gains or proceeds.

A U.S. branch of a foreign bank may or may not be subject to reserve requirements imposed by the Federal Reserve System or by the state in which the branch is located if the branch is licensed in that state. In addition, branches licensed by the Comptroller of the Currency and branches licensed by certain states (“State Branches”) may or may not be required to: (i) pledge to the regulator by depositing assets with a designated bank within the state, an amount of its assets equal to 5% of its total liabilities; and (ii) maintain

 

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assets within the state in an amount equal to a specified percentage of the aggregate amount of liabilities of the foreign bank payable at or through all of its agencies or branches within the state. The deposits of State Branches may not necessarily be insured by the FDIC. In addition, less information may be available to the public about a U.S. branch of a foreign bank than about a U.S. bank.

The Fund may invest in certificates of deposit and bankers’ acceptances, which are considered to be short-term money market instruments. Certificates of deposit are receipts issued by a depository institution in exchange for the deposit of funds. The issuer agrees to pay the amount deposited plus interest to the bearer of the receipt on the date specified on the certificate. The certificate usually can be traded in the secondary market prior to maturity. Bankers’ acceptances typically arise from short-term credit arrangements designed to enable businesses to obtain funds to finance commercial transactions. Generally, an acceptance is a time draft drawn on a bank by an exporter or an importer to obtain a stated amount of funds to pay for specific merchandise. The draft is then “accepted” by a bank that, in effect, unconditionally guarantees to pay the face value of the instrument on its maturity date. The acceptance may then be held by the accepting bank as an earning asset or it may be sold in the secondary market at the going rate of discount for a specific maturity. Although maturities for acceptances can be as long as 270 days, most acceptances have maturities of six months or less.

The Fund also may invest in fixed time deposits, whether or not subject to withdrawal penalties. Time deposits are non-negotiable deposits maintained in a banking institution for a specified period of time at a stated interest rate. Investments in time deposits maturing in more than seven days will be subject to the Fund’s restrictions that limit investments in illiquid securities.

The Fund may purchase the obligations generally in federally insured banks and savings and loan associations (collectively referred to as “banks”) that are fully insured as to principal by the FDIC. Currently, to remain fully insured as to principal, these investments must be limited to $250,000 per bank; if the principal amount and accrued interest together exceed $250,000, the excess principal and accrued interest will not be insured. Insured bank obligations may have limited marketability.

Equity Securities. Equity securities in which the Fund may invest include common stocks, preferred stocks and securities convertible into common stocks, such as convertible bonds, warrants, rights and options. The value of equity securities varies in response to many factors, including the activities and financial condition of individual companies, the business market in which individual companies compete and general market and economic conditions. Equity securities fluctuate in value, often based on factors unrelated to the value of the issuer of the securities, and such fluctuations can be significant.

Common Stock and Preferred Stock. Common stock represents an equity (ownership) interest in a company, and usually possesses voting rights and earns dividends. Dividends on common stock are not fixed but are declared at the discretion of the issuer. Common stock generally represents the riskiest investment in a company. In addition, common stock generally has the greatest appreciation and depreciation potential because increases and decreases in earnings are usually reflected in a company’s stock price. The Fund may invest in preferred stock with a minimum credit rating of investment grade. Preferred stock is a class of stock having a preference over common stock as to the payment of dividends and the recovery of investment should a company be liquidated, although preferred stock is usually junior to the debt securities of the issuer. Preferred stock typically does not possess voting rights and its market value may change based on changes in interest rates. The fundamental risk of investing in common and preferred stock is the risk that the value of the stock might decrease. Stock values fluctuate in response to the activities of an individual company or in response to general market and/or economic conditions. Historically, common stocks have provided greater long-term returns and have entailed greater short-term risks than preferred stocks, fixed-income securities and money market investments. The market value of all securities, including common and preferred stocks, is based upon the market’s perception of value and not necessarily the book value of an issuer or other objective measures of a company’s worth.

Convertible Securities. The Fund may invest in convertible securities and non-investment grade convertible securities. Convertible securities include fixed income securities that may be exchanged or converted into a predetermined number of shares of the issuer’s underlying common stock at the option of the holder during a specified period. Convertible securities may take the form of convertible preferred stock, convertible bonds or debentures, units consisting of “usable” bonds and warrants or a combination of the features of several of these securities. Convertible securities are senior to common stock in an issuer’s capital structure, but are usually subordinated to similar non-convertible securities. While providing a fixed income stream (generally higher in yield than the income derivable from common stock but lower than that afforded by a similar non-convertible security), a convertible security also gives an investor the opportunity, through its conversion feature, to participate in the capital appreciation of the issuing company depending upon a market price advance in the convertible security’s underlying common stock.

Debt Securities. A debt instrument held by the Fund will be affected by general changes in interest rates that will in turn result in increases or decreases in the market value of those obligations. The market value of debt instruments in the Fund’s portfolio can be expected to vary inversely to changes in prevailing interest rates. In periods of declining interest rates, the yield of the Fund, if it is holding a significant amount of debt instruments, will tend to be somewhat higher than prevailing market rates, and in periods of rising interest rates, the Fund’s yield will tend to be somewhat lower. In addition, when interest rates are falling, money received by such the Fund from the continuous sale of its shares will likely be invested in portfolio instruments producing lower yields than the balance of its portfolio, thereby reducing the Fund’s current yield. In periods of rising interest rates, the opposite result can be expected to occur.

 

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The corporate debt securities in which the Fund may invest include corporate bonds and notes and short-term investments such as commercial paper and variable rate demand notes. Commercial paper (short-term promissory notes) is issued by companies to finance their or their affiliate’s current obligations and is frequently unsecured. Variable and floating rate demand notes are unsecured obligations redeemable upon not more than 30 days’ notice. These obligations include master demand notes that permit investment of fluctuating amounts at varying rates of interest pursuant to a direct arrangement with the issuer or the instrument. The issuer of these obligations often has the right, after a given period, to prepay the outstanding principal amount of the obligations upon a specified number of days’ notice. These obligations generally are not traded, nor generally is there an established secondary market for these obligations. To the extent a demand note does not have a seven-day or shorter demand feature and there is no readily available market for the obligation, it is treated as an illiquid security.

The Fund’s investments in certain debt instruments can cause the Fund to accrue income for tax purposes, which is distributable to shareholders and which, because no cash is received at the time of accrual, may require the Fund to liquidate other portfolio securities (including when not advantageous to do so) to satisfy the Fund’s distribution obligations (see “Income Tax Considerations” below), in which case the Fund will forego the purchase of additional income producing assets with these funds.

Ratings as Investment Criteria. The ratings of NRSROs such as S&P or Moody’s represent the opinions of those organizations as to the quality of securities that they rate. Although these ratings, which are relative and subjective and are not absolute standards of quality, are used by the portfolio manager as initial criteria for the selection of portfolio securities on behalf of the Fund, the portfolio manager also relies upon its own analysis to evaluate potential investments.

Subsequent to its purchase by the Fund, an issue of securities may cease to be rated or its rating may be reduced below the minimum required for purchase by the Fund. Although neither event will require the sale of the securities by the Fund, the portfolio manager will consider the event in its determination of whether the Fund should continue to hold the securities. To the extent that a NRSRO’s ratings change as a result of a change in the NRSRO or its rating system, the Fund will attempt to use comparable ratings as standards for their investments in accordance with their investment objectives and policies.

Certain Investment-Grade Debt Obligations. Although obligations rated BBB by S&P or Baa by Moody’s are considered investment grade, they may be viewed as being subject to greater risks than other investment grade obligations. Obligations rated BBB by S&P are regarded as having only an adequate capacity to pay principal and interest and those rated Baa by Moody’s are considered medium-grade obligations that lack outstanding investment characteristics and have speculative characteristics as well.

Below Investment-Grade Debt Securities (“Junk Securities”). The Fund is authorized to invest in securities rated lower than investment grade (sometimes referred to as “junk securities”) without limit. Below investment-grade and comparable unrated securities (collectively referred to as “below investment-grade” securities) likely have quality and protective characteristics that, in the judgment of a rating organization, are outweighed by large uncertainties or major risk exposures to adverse conditions, and are predominantly speculative with respect to the issuer’s capacity to pay interest and repay principal in accordance with the terms of the obligation. Securities in the lowest rating categories may be in default or may present substantial risks of default.

The market values of certain below investment-grade securities tend to be more sensitive to individual corporate developments and changes in economic conditions than higher-rated securities. In addition, below investment-grade securities generally present a higher degree of credit risk. Issuers of below investment-grade securities are often highly leveraged and may not have more traditional methods of financing available to them, so that their ability to service their debt obligations during an economic downturn or during sustained periods of rising interest rates may be impaired. The risk of loss due to default by these issuers is significantly greater because below investment-grade securities generally are unsecured and frequently are subordinated to the prior payment of senior indebtedness. The Fund may incur additional expenses to the extent that it is required to seek recovery upon a default in the payment of principal or interest on its portfolio holdings. The existence of limited markets for below investment-grade securities may diminish the Fund’s ability to obtain accurate market quotations for purposes of valuing the securities held by the Fund and calculating the Fund’s net asset value.

Real Estate and Real Estate Related Investments. The Fund may invest in securities of real estate investment trusts (“REITs”). REITs are publicly traded corporations or trusts that specialize in acquiring, holding and managing residential, commercial or industrial real estate. A REIT is not taxed at the entity level on income distributed to its shareholders or unitholders if it distributes to shareholders or unitholders at least 90% of its taxable income for each taxable year and complies with regulatory requirements relating to its organization, ownership, assets and income. REITs generally can be classified as equity REITs, mortgage REITs and hybrid REITs. An equity REIT invests the majority of its assets directly in real property and derives its income primarily from rents and from

 

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capital gains on real estate appreciation, which are realized through property sales. A mortgage REIT invests the majority of its assets in real estate mortgage loans and receives its income primarily from interest payments. A hybrid REIT combines the characteristics of an equity REIT and a mortgage REIT. Although the Fund can invest in all three kinds of REITs, its emphasis is expected to be on investments in equity REITs.

Investments in the real estate industry involve particular risks. The real estate industry has been subject to substantial fluctuations and declines on a local, regional and national basis in the past and may continue to be in the future. Real property values and income from real property may decline due to general and local economic conditions, overbuilding and increased competition, increases in property taxes and operating expenses, changes in zoning laws, casualty or condemnation losses, regulatory limitations on rents, changes in neighborhoods and in demographics, increases in market interest rates, or other factors. Factors such as these may adversely affect companies that own and operate real estate directly, companies that lend to such companies, and companies that service the real estate industry.

Investments in REITs also involve risks. Equity REITs will be affected by changes in the values of and income from the properties they own, while mortgage REITs may be affected by the credit quality of the mortgage loans they hold. In addition, REITs are dependent on specialized management skills and on their ability to generate cash flow for operating purposes and to make distributions to shareholders or unitholders. REITs may have limited diversification and are subject to risks associated with obtaining financing for real property, as well as to the risk of self-liquidation. REITs also can be adversely affected by their failure to qualify for the favorable tax treatment available to REITs and their shareholders under the Code, or their failure to maintain an exemption from registration under the 1940 Act. By investing in REITs indirectly through the Fund, a shareholder bears not only a proportionate share of the expenses of the Fund, but also will bear indirectly expenses of the REITs in which it invests. Expenses from investments in REITs are not reflected in the “Annual Expenses” table or “ Example” under “Fees and Expenses of the Fund” in the Prospectus.

In addition to the risks discussed above, equity REITs may be affected by any changes in the value of the underlying property owned by the trusts, while mortgage REITs may be affected by the quality of any credit extended. Further, equity and mortgage REITs are dependent upon management skill and are not diversified. Such trusts are also subject to heavy cash flow dependency, defaults by borrowers, self-liquidation, and the possibility of failing to qualify for special tax treatment under Subchapter M of the Code and to maintain an exemption under the 1940 Act. Finally, certain REITs may be self-liquidating in that a specific term of existence is provided for in the trust document. Such trusts run the risk of liquidating at an economically inopportune time. See “Investment Strategies and Risks” in this SAI for more information about REITs.

Repurchase Agreements. The Fund may engage in repurchase agreement transactions with respect to instruments that are consistent with its investment objectives. The Fund may engage in repurchase agreement transactions with certain member banks of the Federal Reserve System and with certain dealers listed on the Federal Reserve Bank of New York’s list of reporting dealers. Under the terms of a typical repurchase agreement, which is deemed a loan for purposes of the 1940 Act, the Fund would acquire an underlying obligation for a relatively short period (usually from one to seven days) subject to an obligation of the seller to repurchase, and the Fund to resell, the obligation at an agreed upon price and time, thereby determining the yield during the Fund’s holding period. This arrangement results in a fixed rate of return that is not subject to market fluctuations during the Fund’s holding period. The value of the securities underlying a repurchase agreement of the Fund are monitored on an ongoing basis by the Adviser, subject to the Adviser’s supervision, to ensure that the value is at least equal at all times to the total amount of the repurchase obligation, including interest. The Adviser’s supervision monitors, on an ongoing basis to evaluate potential risks, the creditworthiness of those banks and dealers with which the Fund enters into repurchase agreements.

If the Fund enters into a repurchase agreement, it will bear a risk of loss in the event that the other party to the transaction defaults on its obligation and the Fund is delayed or prevented from exercising its rights to dispose of the underlying securities. The Fund will, in particular, be subject to the risk of a possible decline in the value of the underlying securities during the period in which the Fund seeks to assert its right to them, the risk of incurring expenses associated with asserting those rights and the risk of losing all or part of the income from the agreement.

Reverse Repurchase Agreements. The Fund may engage in reverse repurchase agreements, subject to their investment restrictions. A reverse repurchase agreement, which is considered a borrowing by the Fund, involves a sale by the Fund of securities that it holds concurrently with an agreement by the Fund to repurchase the same securities at an agreed-upon price and date. The Fund uses the proceeds of reverse repurchase agreements to provide liquidity to make cash payments of dividends and distributions when the sale of the Fund’s securities is considered to be disadvantageous. Cash, Government Securities or other liquid assets equal in value to the Fund’s obligations with respect to reverse repurchase agreements are segregated and maintained with the Fund’s custodian or a designated sub-custodian.

 

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A reverse repurchase agreement involves the risk that the market value of the securities retained by the Fund may decline below the price of the securities the Fund has sold but is obligated to repurchase under the agreement. In the event the buyer of securities under a reverse repurchase agreement files for bankruptcy or becomes insolvent, the Fund’s use of the proceeds of the agreement may be restricted pending a determination by the party, or its trustee or receiver, whether to enforce the Fund’s obligation to repurchase the securities.

Restricted Investments. Restricted securities are securities that are subject to contractual or legal restrictions on transfer, excluding for purposes of this restriction, Rule 144A securities that have been determined to be liquid by the Board based upon the trading markets for the securities. Restricted securities may be less liquid than publicly traded securities. Although these securities may be resold in privately negotiated transactions, the prices realized from these sales could be less than those originally paid by the Fund. In addition, companies whose securities are not publicly traded are not subject to the disclosure and other investor protection requirements that may be applicable if their securities were publicly traded.

Rule 144A Securities. The Fund may purchase Rule 144A securities. Certain Rule 144A securities may be considered illiquid and therefore subject to the Fund’s limitation on the purchase of illiquid investments, unless the Board determines on an ongoing basis that an adequate trading market exists for the Rule 144A securities. The Fund’s purchase of Rule 144A securities could have the effect of increasing the level of illiquidity in the Fund to the extent that qualified institutional buyers become uninterested for a time in purchasing Rule 144A securities held by the Fund. The Board has established standards and procedures for determining the liquidity of a Rule 144A security and monitors the Adviser’s implementation of the standards and procedures.

When-Issued, Forward Commitment and Delayed-Delivery Securities. To secure prices or yields deemed advantageous at a particular time, the Fund may purchase securities on a when-issued, forward commitment or delayed-delivery basis, in which case, delivery of the securities occurs beyond the normal settlement period; no payment for or delivery of the securities is made by, and no income accrues to, the Fund, however, prior to the actual delivery or payment by the other party to the transaction. The Fund will enter into when-issued, forward commitment or delayed-delivery transactions for the purpose of acquiring securities and not for the purpose of leverage. When-issued securities purchased by the Fund may include securities purchased on a “when, as and if issued” basis under which the issuance of the securities depends on the occurrence of a subsequent event, such as approval of a merger, corporate reorganization or debt restructuring. Cash or other liquid assets in an amount equal to the amount of each Fund’s when-issued, forward commitment or delayed-delivery purchase commitments will be segregated with the Fund’s custodian, or with a designated sub-custodian, in order to avoid or limit any leveraging effect that may arise in the purchase of a security pursuant to such a commitment.

Securities purchased on a when-issued or delayed-delivery basis may expose the Fund to risk because the securities may experience fluctuations in value prior to their delivery. Purchasing securities on a when-issued, forward commitment or delayed delivery basis can involve the additional risk that the return available in the market when the delivery takes place may be higher than that applicable at the time of the purchase. This characteristic of when-issued, forward commitment and delayed-delivery securities could result in exaggerated movements in the Fund’s net asset value.

When the Fund engages in when-issued, forward commitment or delayed-delivery securities transactions, it relies on the selling party to consummate the trade. Failure of the seller to do so may result in the Fund incurring a loss or missing an opportunity to obtain a price considered to be advantageous.

Warrants. The Fund may invest in warrants. Because a warrant, which is a security permitting, but not obligating, its holder to subscribe for another security, does not carry with it the right to dividends or voting rights with respect to the securities that the warrant holder is entitled to purchase, and because a warrant does not represent any rights to the assets of the issuer, a warrant may be considered more speculative than certain other types of investments. In addition, the value of a warrant does not necessarily change with the value of the underlying security and a warrant ceases to have value if it is not exercised prior to its expiration date. Investment by the Fund in warrants (when valued at the lower of cost or market) may not exceed 5% of the value of the Fund’s net assets.

Smaller Capitalization Companies. Investing in securities of small-and medium-capitalization companies may involve greater risks than investing in larger, more established issuers. Such smaller capitalization companies may have limited product lines, markets or financial resources and their securities may trade less frequently and in more limited volume than the securities of larger or more established companies. In addition, these companies are typically subject to a greater degree of changes in earnings and business prospects than are larger, more established issuers. As a result, the prices of securities of smaller capitalization companies may fluctuate to a greater degree than the prices of securities of other issuers. Although investing in securities of smaller capitalization companies offers potential for above-average returns, the risk exists that the companies will not succeed and the prices of the companies’ shares could significantly decline in value.

Non-U.S. Securities. Investing in securities issued by non-U.S. issuers and governments, including securities issued in the form of depositary receipts, involves considerations and potential risks not typically associated with investing in obligations issued by the U.S. Government and U.S. corporations. Less information may be available about non-U.S. companies than about U.S. companies,

 

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and non-U.S. companies generally are not subject to uniform accounting, auditing and financial reporting standards or to other regulatory practices and requirements comparable to those applicable to U.S. companies. The values of foreign investments are affected by changes in currency rates or exchange control regulations, restrictions or prohibitions on the repatriation of foreign currencies, application of foreign tax laws, including withholding and other taxes, changes in governmental administration or economic or monetary policy (in the United States or abroad) or changed circumstances in dealings between nations. Costs are also incurred in connection with conversions between various currencies. In addition, foreign brokerage commissions are generally higher than those charged in the United States and non-U.S. securities markets may be less liquid, more volatile and less subject to governmental supervision than in the United States. Investments in foreign countries could be affected by other factors not present in the United States, including expropriation, confiscatory taxation, lack of uniform accounting and auditing standards, limitations on the use or removal of funds or other assets (including the withholding of dividends), and potential difficulties in enforcing contractual obligations, and could be subject to extended clearance and settlement periods. Income, gains and other proceeds earned by the Fund in respect of non-U.S. securities may be subject to foreign withholding and other taxes, which will reduce the Fund’s return on such securities. For purposes of determining whether securities held by the Fund are securities of a non-U.S. issuer, a company is considered to be a non-U.S. issuer if the company’s securities principally trade on a market outside of the United States, the company derives a majority of its revenues or profits outside of the United States, the company is not organized in the United States, or the company is significantly exposed to the economic fortunes and risks of regions outside the United States.

Depositary Receipts. The Fund may invest in securities of foreign issuers in the form of American Depositary Receipts (“ADRs”) and European Depositary Receipts (“EDRs”), which are sometimes referred to as Continental Depositary Receipts (“CDRs”). ADRs are publicly traded on exchanges or over-the-counter in the United States and are issued through “sponsored” or “unsponsored” arrangements. In a sponsored ADR arrangement, the foreign issuer assumes the obligation to pay some or all of the depositary’s transaction fees, whereas under an unsponsored arrangement, the foreign issuer assumes no obligations and the depositary’s transaction fees are paid directly by the ADR holders. In addition, less information is available in the United States about an unsponsored ADR than a sponsored ADR. The Fund may invest in ADRs through both sponsored and unsponsored arrangements. EDRs and CDRs are generally issued by foreign banks and evidence ownership of either foreign or domestic securities.

Currency Exchange Rates. The Fund’s share value may change significantly when the currencies, other than the U.S. dollar, in which the Fund’s portfolio investments are denominated, strengthen or weaken against the U.S. dollar. Currency exchange rates generally are determined by the forces of supply and demand in the foreign exchange markets and the relative merits of investments in different countries as seen from an international perspective. Currency exchange rates can also be affected unpredictably by intervention by U.S. or foreign governments or central banks or by currency controls or political developments in the United States or abroad.

Euro-Related Risk. The global economic crisis brought several small economies in Europe to the brink of bankruptcy and many other economies into recession and weakened the banking and financial sectors of many European countries. For example, the governments of Greece, Spain, Portugal, and the Republic of Ireland have all experienced large public budget deficits, the effects of which are still yet unknown and may slow the overall recovery of the European economies from the global economic crisis. In addition, due to large public deficits, some European countries may be dependent on assistance from other European governments and institutions or other central banks or supranational agencies such as the International Monetary Fund. Assistance may be dependent on a country’s implementation of reforms or reaching a certain level of performance. Failure to reach those objectives or an insufficient level of assistance could result in a deep economic downturn which could significantly affect the value of the Fund’s European investments.

The Economic and Monetary Union of the European Union (“EMU”) is comprised of the European Union members that have adopted the euro currency. By adopting the euro as its currency, a member state relinquishes control of its own monetary policies. As a result, European countries are significantly affected by fiscal and monetary policies implemented by the EMU and European Central Bank. The euro currency may not fully reflect the strengths and weaknesses of the various economies that comprise the EMU and Europe generally.

It is possible that one or more EMU member countries could abandon the euro and return to a national currency and/or that the euro will cease to exist as a single currency in its current form. The effects of such an abandonment or a country’s forced expulsion from the euro on that country, the rest of the EMU, and global markets are impossible to predict, but are likely to be negative. The exit of any country out of the euro may have an extremely destabilizing effect on other eurozone countries and their economies and a negative effect on the global economy as a whole. Such an exit by one country may also increase the possibility that additional countries may exit the euro should they face similar financial difficulties. In addition, in the event of one or more countries’ exit from the euro, it may be difficult to value investments denominated in euros or in a replacement currency. On June 23, 2016, the United Kingdom approved a referendum to leave the European Union. On March 29, 2017 the United Kingdom invoked Article 50 of the Lisbon Treaty which gives the United Kingdom and the European Union two years to agree to the terms of the United Kingdom’s exit. The United Kingdom had provided the European Union with notice of its intention to withdraw in March 2019, but the negotiation of

 

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a withdrawal agreement between the United Kingdom and the European Union is still ongoing. During the period and beyond, while the United Kingdom is not a part of the euro currency system, significant uncertainty remains in the market regarding the ramifications of that development, and the range and potential implications of possible political, regulatory, economic and market outcomes are difficult to predict.

Developing Countries/Emerging Market Countries. Investing in securities issued by companies located in developing countries or emerging market countries involves not only the risks described above with respect to investing in foreign securities, but also other risks, including exposure to economic structures that are generally less diverse and mature than, and to political systems that can be expected to have less stability than, those of developed countries. Other characteristics of developing countries or emerging market countries that may affect investment in their markets include certain national policies that may restrict investment by foreigners in issuers or industries deemed sensitive to relevant national interests and the absence of developed legal structures governing private and foreign investments and private property. The typically small size of the markets for securities issued by companies located in developing countries or emerging markets countries and the possibility of a low or nonexistent volume of trading in those securities may also result in a lack of liquidity and in price volatility of those securities.

Lending Portfolio Securities. The Fund may seek additional income by making secured loans of its portfolio securities through its custodian, Bank of New York Mellon (“BNY Mellon”). Such loans will be in an amount not greater than 30% of the value of the Fund’s total assets. BNY Mellon will charge the Fund fees based on a percentage of the securities lending income. The Fund will receive collateral consisting of cash (which may include U.S. and foreign currency), securities issued or guaranteed by the U.S. government or its agencies or instrumentalities, sovereign debt, convertible bonds, irrevocable bank letters of credit or other such collateral as may be agreed on by the parties to a securities lending arrangement, initially with a value of 102% or 105% of the market value of the loaned securities and thereafter maintained at a value of 100% of the market value of the loaned securities, depending on the nature of the loaned securities and the collateral received, as set forth in the Fund’s securities lending agreement. If the collateral consists of non-cash collateral, the borrower will pay a loan premium fee. If the collateral consists of cash, the Fund will reinvest the cash. The collateral must be marked to market daily by BNY Mellon or other party as designated in the securities lending agreement, to cover increases in the market value of the securities loaned (or potentially a decline in the value of the collateral). Although voting rights, or rights to consent, with respect to the loaned securities pass to the borrower, the Fund will recall the loaned securities upon reasonable notice in order that the securities may be voted by the Fund if the holders of such securities are asked to vote upon or consent to matters materially affecting the investment. The Fund also may call such loans in order to sell the securities.

The risks in lending portfolio securities, as with other extensions of credit, consist of possible delays in recovery of the securities or possible loss of rights in the collateral should the borrower fail financially. The Fund also bears the risk that the value of investments made with collateral may decline. Although the Fund has the right to call loans at any time on reasonable notice and will do so if holders of a loaned security are asked to vote upon or consent to material matters, the Fund bears the risk of delay in the return of the security, impairing the Fund’s ability to vote on such matters.

Securities lending also exposes the Fund to counterparty risk, as the borrower of the Fund’s securities may be unable or unwilling to make timely principal, interest, or settlement payments or otherwise honor its obligations. There can be no assurance that a counterparty will meet its obligations, especially during unusually adverse market conditions. If the counterparty defaults, the Fund will have contractual remedies, but the Fund may be unable to enforce its contractual rights.

Securities of Other Investment Companies. Such investments are subject to limitations prescribed by the 1940 Act unless an SEC exemption is applicable or as may be permitted by rules under the 1940 Act or SEC staff interpretations thereof. The 1940 Act limitations currently provide, in part, that the Fund may not purchase shares of an investment company if (a) such a purchase would cause the Fund to own in the aggregate more than 3% of the total outstanding voting stock of the investment company; (b) such a purchase would cause the Fund to have more than 5% of its total assets invested in the investment company; or (c) more than 10% of the Fund’s total assets would be invested in the aggregate in all investment companies. The Fund may invest in excess of the foregoing limitations in an exchange traded fund (“ETF”) that is not part of the same group of investment companies (e.g., an unaffiliated ETF) if the ETF has obtained exemptive relief from the SEC and both the ETF and the Fund adhere to the conditions in the exemptive relief.

The Fund may invest in investment companies that are advised by the Adviser or its affiliates, including ETFs, to the extent permitted by applicable law and/or pursuant to exemptive relief from the SEC. These investment companies typically incur fees that are separate from those fees incurred directly by the Fund. The Fund’s purchase of such investment company securities results in the layering of expenses, such that shareholders would indirectly bear a proportionate share of the operating expenses of such investment companies, including advisory fees, in addition to paying Fund expenses.

 

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Exchange-Traded Funds. The majority of ETFs are passive funds that track their related index and have the flexibility of trading like a security. They are managed by professionals and provide the investor with diversification, cost and tax efficiency, liquidity, margin-ability, are useful for hedging, have the ability to go long and short, and some provide quarterly dividends. Additionally, some ETFs are unit investment trusts (UITs), which are unmanaged portfolios overseen by trustees. ETFs generally have two markets. The primary market is where institutions swap “creation units” in block-multiples of 50,000 shares for in-kind securities and cash in the form of dividends. The secondary market is where individual investors can trade as little as a single share during trading hours on the exchange. This is different from open-end mutual funds that are traded after hours once the net asset value (NAV) is calculated. ETFs share many similar risks with open-end and closed-end funds.

There is a risk that an ETF in which the Fund invests may terminate due to extraordinary events that may cause any of the service providers to the ETFs, such as the trustee or sponsor, to close or otherwise fail to perform their obligations to the ETF. Also, because the ETFs in which the Fund intends to principally invest may be granted licenses by agreement to use the indices as a basis for determining their compositions and/or otherwise to use certain trade names, the ETFs may terminate if such license agreements are terminated. In addition, an ETF may terminate if its entire net asset value falls below a certain amount. Although the Fund believes that, in the event of the termination of an underlying ETF, it will be able to invest instead in shares of an alternate ETF tracking the same market index or another market index with the same general market, there is no guarantee that shares of an alternate ETF would be available for investment at that time. To the extent the Fund invests in a sector product, the Fund is subject to the risks associated with that sector.

Certain ETFs that invest in commodities or commodity-related instruments may give rise to income that is not “qualifying income” for purposes of the 90% gross income test for qualification as a “regulated investment company” for U.S. federal income tax purposes. The Fund’s investment in such an ETF may bear on or be limited by the Fund’s intention to so qualify. Further, certain ETFs that invest in commodities or certain commodity-related derivatives may qualify as “qualified publicly traded partnerships” (“QPTPs”) for U.S. federal income tax purposes with the net income generated thereon treated as qualifying income for purposes of this 90% gross income test. Under the tax diversification requirements applicable to regulated investment companies, the Fund’s investment in one or more entities qualifying as QPTPs may not exceed 25% of the Fund’s total assets at the end of each quarter of each taxable year. See “Income Tax Considerations” below.

Purchasing Put and Call Options on Securities. The Fund may purchase put and call options. By buying a put, the Fund will seek to limit its risk of loss from a decline in the market value of the underlying security until the put expires. To the extent the Fund holds the underlying security, any appreciation in the value of the underlying security, however, will be partially offset by the amount of the premium paid for the put option on that security and any related transaction costs. Call options may be purchased by the Fund in order to acquire the underlying securities for a price that avoids any additional cost that would result from a substantial increase in the market value of a security. The Fund may also purchase call options to increase its return at a time when the call is expected to increase in value due to anticipated appreciation of the underlying security. Prior to their expirations, put and call options may be sold by the Fund in closing sale transactions, which are sales by the Fund, prior to the exercise of options that it has purchased, of options of the same series. Profit or loss from the sale will depend on whether the amount received is more or less than the premium paid for the option plus the related transaction costs.

Covered Option Writing. The Fund may write covered put and call options on securities. The Fund will realize fees (referred to as “premiums”) for granting the rights evidenced by the options. A put option embodies the right of its purchaser to compel the writer of the option to purchase from the option holder an underlying security at a specified price at any time during the option period. In contrast, a call option embodies the right of its purchaser to compel the writer of the option to sell to the option holder an underlying security at a specified price at any time during the option period.

In the case of a call option on a security, the option is “covered” if the Fund owns the security underlying the call or has an absolute and immediate right to acquire that security without additional cash consideration (or, if additional cash consideration is required, cash or other assets determined to be liquid by the Adviser in such amount are segregated) upon conversion or exchange of other securities held by the Fund. For a call option on an index, the option is covered if the Fund segregates assets determined to be liquid by the Adviser in an amount equal to the contract value of the index. A call option is also covered if the Fund holds a call on the same security or index as the call written where the exercise price of the call held is (i) equal to or less than the exercise price of the call written, or (ii) greater than the exercise price of the call written, provided the difference is maintained by the Fund in segregated assets determined to be liquid by the Adviser. A put option on a security or an index is “covered” if the Fund segregates assets determined to be liquid by the Adviser equal to the exercise price. A put option is also covered if the Fund holds a put on the same security or index as the put written where the exercise price of the put held is (i) equal to or greater than the exercise price of the put written, or (ii) less than the exercise price of the put written, provided the Fund segregates assets determined to be liquid by Adviser in an amount equal to the amount of the difference.

The principal reason for writing covered call options on a securities portfolio is to attempt to realize, through the receipt of premiums, a greater return than would be realized on the securities alone. In return for a premium, the writer of a covered call option forfeits the right to any appreciation in the value of the underlying security above the strike price for the life of the option (or until a

 

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closing purchase transaction can be effected). Nevertheless, the call writer retains the risk of a decline in the price of the underlying security. Similarly, the principal reason for writing covered put options is to realize income in the form of premiums. The writer of a covered put option accepts the risk of a decline in the price of the underlying security. The size of the premiums that the Fund may receive may be adversely affected as new or existing institutions, including other investment companies, engage in or increase their option-writing activities.

Options written by the Fund will normally have expiration dates between one and nine months from the date written. The exercise price of the options may be below, equal to or above the market values of the underlying securities at the times the options are written. In the case of call options, these exercise prices are referred to as “in-the-money,” “at-the-money” and “out-of-the-money,” respectively.

So long as the obligation of the Fund as the writer of an option continues, the Fund may be assigned an exercise notice by the broker-dealer through which the option was sold, requiring the Fund to deliver, in the case of a call, or take delivery of, in the case of a put, the underlying security against payment of the exercise price. This obligation terminates when the option expires or the Fund effects a closing purchase transaction. The Fund can no longer effect a closing purchase transaction with respect to an option once it has been assigned an exercise notice. To secure its obligation to deliver the underlying security when it writes a call option, or to pay for the underlying security when it writes a put option, the Fund will be required to deposit in escrow the underlying security or other assets in accordance with the rules of the Options Clearing Corporation (the “Clearing Corporation”) and of the securities exchange on which the option is written.

The Fund may engage in a closing purchase transaction to realize a profit, to prevent an underlying security from being called or put or, in the case of a call option, to unfreeze an underlying security (thereby permitting its sale or the writing of a new option on the security prior to the outstanding option’s expiration). To effect a closing purchase transaction, the Fund would purchase, prior to the holder’s exercise of an option that the Fund has written, an option of the same series as that on which the Fund desires to terminate its obligation. The obligation of the Fund under an option that it has written would be terminated by a closing purchase transaction, but the Fund would not be deemed to own an option as the result of the transaction. An option position may be closed out only if a secondary market exists for an option of the same series on a recognized securities exchange or in the over-the-counter market. In light of the need for a secondary market in which to close an option position, the Fund is expected to purchase only call or put options issued by the Clearing Corporation. HCMFA expects that the Fund will write options, other than those on Government Securities, only on national securities exchanges. Options on Government Securities may be written by the Fund in the over-the-counter market.

The Fund may realize a profit or loss upon entering into closing transactions. When the Fund has written an option, for example, it will realize a profit if the cost of the closing purchase transaction is less than the premium received upon writing the original option; the Fund will incur a loss if the cost of the closing purchase transaction exceeds the premium received upon writing the original option. When the Fund has purchased an option and engages in a closing sale transaction, whether the Fund realizes a profit or loss will depend upon whether the amount received in the closing sale transaction is more or less than the premium the Fund initially paid for the original option plus the related transaction costs.

Option writing for the Fund may be limited by position and exercise limits established by U.S. securities exchanges and NASDAQ and by requirements of the Code for qualification as a regulated investment company. In addition to writing covered put and call options to generate current income, the Fund may enter into options transactions as hedges to reduce investment risk, generally by making an investment expected to move in the opposite direction of a portfolio position. A hedge is designed to offset a loss on a portfolio position with a gain on the hedge position; at the same time, however, a properly correlated hedge will result in a gain on the portfolio’s position being offset by a loss on the hedge position.

The Fund will engage in hedging transactions only when deemed advisable by the portfolio manager. Successful use by the Fund of options will depend on the portfolio manager’s ability to predict correctly movements in the direction of the securities underlying the option used as a hedge. Losses incurred in hedging transactions and the costs of these transactions will affect the Fund’s performance.

Securities Index Options. The Fund may purchase and write put and call options on securities indices listed on U.S. or foreign securities exchanges or traded in the over-the-counter market, which indices include securities held in the Fund’s portfolio. The Fund with such option writing authority may write only covered options. The Fund may also use securities index options as a means of participating in a securities market without making direct purchases of securities.

A securities index option written by the Fund will be deemed covered in any manner permitted under the 1940 Act or the rules and regulations thereunder or any other method determined by the SEC to be permissible.

 

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A securities index measures the movement of a certain group of securities by assigning relative values to the securities included in the index. Options on securities indices are generally similar to options on specific securities. Unlike options on securities, however, options on securities indices do not involve the delivery of an underlying security; the option in the case of an option on a securities index represents the holder’s right to obtain from the writer in cash a fixed multiple of the amount by which the exercise price exceeds (in the case of a call) or is less than (in the case of a put) the closing value of the underlying securities index on the exercise date. The Fund may purchase and write put and call options on securities indices or securities index futures contracts that are traded on a U.S. exchange or board of trade or a foreign exchange as a hedge against changes in market conditions and interest rates, and for duration management, and may enter into closing transactions with respect to those options to terminate existing positions. A securities index fluctuates with changes in the market values of the securities included in the index. Securities index options may be based on a broad or narrow market index or on an industry or market segment.

The delivery requirements of options on securities indices differ from options on securities. Unlike a securities option, which contemplates the right to take or make delivery of securities at a specified price, an option on a securities index gives the holder the right to receive a cash “exercise settlement amount” equal to (i) the amount, if any, by which the fixed exercise price of the option exceeds (in the case of a put) or is less than (in the case of a call) the closing value of the underlying index on the date of exercise, multiplied by (ii) a fixed “index multiplier.” Receipt of this cash amount will depend upon the closing level of the securities index upon which the option is based being greater than, in the case of a call, or less than, in the case of a put, the exercise price of the option. The amount of cash received will be equal to the difference between the closing price of the index and the exercise price of the option expressed in dollars times a specified multiple. The writer of the option is obligated, in return for the premium received, to make delivery of this amount. The writer may offset its position in securities index options prior to expiration by entering into a closing transaction on an exchange.

The effectiveness of purchasing or writing securities index options as a hedging technique will depend upon the extent to which price movements in the portion of a securities portfolio being hedged correlate with price movements of the securities index selected. Because the value of an index option depends upon movements in the level of the index rather than the price of a particular security, whether the Fund realizes a gain or loss from the purchase or writing of options on an index depends upon movements in the level of prices in the market generally or, in the case of certain indices, in an industry or market segment, rather than movements in the price of a particular security. As a result, successful use by the Fund of options on securities indices is subject to the portfolio manager’s ability to predict correctly movements in the direction of the market generally or of a particular industry. This ability contemplates different skills and techniques from those used in predicting changes in the price of individual securities.

Securities index options are subject to position and exercise limits and other regulations imposed by the exchange on which they are traded. The ability of the Fund to engage in closing purchase transactions with respect to securities index options depends on the existence of a liquid secondary market. Although the Fund will generally purchase or write securities index options only if a liquid secondary market for the options purchased or sold appears to exist, no such secondary market may exist, or the market may cease to exist at some future date, for some options. No assurance can be given that a closing purchase transaction can be effected when the portfolio manager desires that the Fund engage in such a transaction.

Over-the-Counter (“OTC”) Options. The Fund may purchase OTC or dealer options or sell covered OTC options. Unlike exchange-listed options where an intermediary or clearing corporation, such as the Clearing Corporation, assures that all transactions in such options are properly executed, the responsibility for performing all transactions with respect to OTC options rests solely with the writer and the holder of those options. A listed call option writer, for example, is obligated to deliver the underlying stock to the clearing organization if the option is exercised, and the clearing organization is then obligated to pay the writer the exercise price of the option. If the Fund were to purchase a dealer option, however, it would rely on the dealer from whom it purchased the option to perform if the option were exercised. If the dealer fails to honor the exercise of the option by the Fund, the Fund would lose the premium it paid for the option and the expected benefit of the transaction.

Listed options generally have a continuous liquid market while dealer options have none. Consequently, the Fund will generally be able to realize the value of a dealer option it has purchased only by exercising it or reselling it to the dealer that issued it. Similarly, when the Fund writes a dealer option, it generally will be able to close out the option prior to its expiration only by entering into a closing purchase transaction with the dealer to which the Fund originally wrote the option. Although the Fund will seek to enter into dealer options only with dealers that will agree to and that are expected to be capable of entering into closing transactions with the Fund, there can be no assurance that the Fund will be able to liquidate a dealer option at a favorable price at any time prior to expiration. The inability to enter into a closing transaction may result in material losses to the Fund. Until the Fund, as a covered OTC call option writer, is able to effect a closing purchase transaction, it will not be able to liquidate securities (or other assets) used to cover the written option until the option expires or is exercised. This requirement may impair the Fund’s ability to sell portfolio securities or, with respect to currency options, currencies at a time when such sale might be advantageous. In the event of insolvency of the other party, the Fund may be unable to liquidate a dealer option.

 

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Spread Transactions. The Fund may purchase covered spread options from securities dealers. These covered spread options are not presently exchange-listed or exchange-traded. The purchase of a spread option gives the Fund the right to put securities that it owns at a fixed dollar spread or fixed yield spread in relationship to another security that the Fund does not own, but which is used as a benchmark. The risk to the Fund, in addition to the risks of dealer options described above, is the cost of the premium paid as well as any transaction costs. The purchase of spread options will be used to protect the Fund against adverse changes in prevailing credit quality spreads, i.e., the yield spread between high quality and lower quality securities. This protection is provided during the life of the spread options.

Futures Contracts and Options on Futures Contracts. The Fund may enter into interest rate, financial and stock or bond index futures contracts or related options that are traded on a U.S. or foreign exchange or board of trade approved by the Commodities Futures Trading Commission (“CFTC”) or in the over-the-counter market. If entered into, these transactions can be made for a variety of portfolio management purposes such as hedging against the effects of changes in the value of portfolio securities due to anticipated changes in interest rates and/or market conditions, to gain market exposure for accumulating and residual cash positions, for duration management, or when the transactions are economically appropriate to the reduction of risks inherent in the management of the Fund involved.

An interest rate futures contract provides for the future sale by one party and the purchase by the other party of a specified amount of a particular financial instrument (debt security) at a specified price, date, time and place. Financial futures contracts are contracts that obligate the holder to deliver (in the case of a futures contract that is sold) or receive (in the case of a futures contract that is purchased) at a future date a specified quantity of a financial instrument, specified securities, or the cash value of a securities index. A municipal bond index futures contract is based on an index of long-term, tax-exempt municipal bonds and a corporate bond index futures contract is based on an index of corporate bonds. Stock index futures contracts are based on indices that reflect the market value of common stock of the companies included in the indices. An index futures contract is an agreement pursuant to which two parties agree to take or make delivery of an amount of cash equal to a specified multiplier times the difference between the value of the index at the close of the last trading day of the contract and the price at which the index contract was originally written. The clearing house of the exchange on which a futures contract is entered into becomes the counterparty to each purchaser and seller of the futures contract. An option on an interest rate or index futures contract generally gives the purchaser the right, in return for the premium paid, to assume a position in a futures contract at a specified exercise price at any time prior to the expiration date of the option.

The Fund is sponsored by the Adviser, which is registered as a “commodity pool operator” and “commodity trading adviser” under the Commodity Exchange Act (“CEA”). However, pursuant to CFTC Rule 4.5, the Adviser has claimed an exclusion from the definition of the term “commodity pool operator” under the CEA pursuant to Rule 4.5 under the CEA; therefore, the Adviser (with respect to the Fund) is not subject to registration or regulation as a “commodity pool operator” under the CEA. To remain eligible for the exclusion, the Fund will be limited in their ability to use certain derivatives instruments regulated under the CEA (“commodity interests”), including futures, swaps and options on futures. In the event that the Fund’s investments in commodity interests exceed a certain threshold, the Adviser may be required to register as a “commodity pool operator” and/or “commodity trading advisor” with the CFTC with respect to the Fund. The Adviser’s eligibility to claim the exclusion with respect to the Fund will be based upon the level and scope of the Fund’s investment in commodity interests, the purposes of such investments and the manner in which the Fund holds out its use of commodity interests. For example, CFTC Rule 4.5 requires a fund with respect to which the sponsor is claiming the exclusion to, among other things, satisfy one of the two following trading thresholds: (i) the aggregate initial margin and premiums required to establish positions in commodity interests cannot exceed 5% of the liquidation value of the Fund’s portfolio, after taking into account unrealized profits and unrealized losses; or (ii) the aggregate net notional value of commodity interests not used solely for “bona fide hedging purposes,” determined at the time the most recent position was established, cannot generally exceed 100% of the liquidation value of the Fund’s portfolio, after taking into account unrealized profits and unrealized losses on any such positions it has entered into. In the event the Fund becomes unable to rely on the exclusion in Rule 4.5 and the Adviser is required to register with the CFTC as a commodity pool operator with respect to the Fund, the Fund’s expenses may increase.

The current view of the staff of the SEC is that the Fund’s long and short positions in futures contracts as well as put and call options on futures written by it must be collateralized with cash or other liquid securities and segregated with the Fund’s custodian or a designated sub-custodian or “covered” in a manner similar to that for covered options on securities and designed to eliminate any potential leveraging.

No consideration is paid or received by the Fund upon trading a futures contract. Upon entering into a futures contract, cash or other securities acceptable to the broker equal to approximately 1% to 10% of the contract amount will be segregated with the Fund’s custodian or a designated sub-custodian. This amount, which is subject to change by the exchange on which the contract is traded, is known as “initial margin” and is in the nature of a performance bond or good faith deposit on the contract that is returned to the Fund upon termination of the futures contract, so long as all contractual obligations have been satisfied; the broker will have access to amounts in the margin account if the Fund fails to meet its contractual obligations. Subsequent payments, known as “variation

 

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margin,” to and from the broker, will be made daily as the price of the securities underlying the futures contract fluctuates, making the long and short positions in the contract more or less valuable, a process known as “marking-to-market.” At any time prior to the expiration of a futures contract, the Fund may elect to close a position by taking an opposite position, which will operate to terminate the Fund’s existing position in the contract.

If the Fund has hedged against the possibility of an increase in interest rates adversely affecting the value of securities held in its portfolio and rates decrease instead, the Fund will lose part or all of the benefit of the increased value of securities that it has hedged because it will have offsetting losses in its futures positions. In addition, in such situations, if the Fund had insufficient cash, it may have to sell securities to meet daily variation margin requirements at a time when it may be disadvantageous to do so. These sales of securities may, but will not necessarily, be at increased prices that reflect the decline in interest rates.

An option on a futures contract, unlike a direct investment in such a contract, gives the purchaser the right, in return for the premium paid, to assume a position in the futures contract at a specified exercise price at any time prior to the expiration date of the option. Upon exercise of an option, the delivery of the futures position by the writer of the option to the holder of the option will be accompanied by delivery of the accumulated balance in the writer’s futures margin account, which represents the amount by which the market price of the futures contract exceeds, in the case of a call, or is less than, in the case of a put, the exercise price of the option on the futures contract. The potential loss related to the purchase of an option on futures contracts is limited to the premium paid for the option (plus transaction costs). Because the price of the option to the purchaser is fixed at the point of sale, no daily cash payments are made to reflect changes in the value of the underlying contract. The value of the option, however, does change daily and that change would be reflected in the net asset value of the Fund holding the options.

The use of futures contracts and options on futures contracts as a hedging device involves several risks. No assurance can be given that a correlation will exist between price movements in the underlying securities or index and price movements in the securities that are the subject of the hedge. Losses incurred in hedging transactions and the costs of these transactions will affect the Fund’s performance.

Although the Fund intends that the Fund enter into futures contracts only if an active market exists for the contracts, positions in futures contracts and options on futures contracts may be closed out only on the exchange or board of trade on which they were entered and no assurance can be given that an active market will exist for the contracts at any particular time. Most U.S. futures exchanges and boards of trade limit the amount of fluctuation permitted in futures contract prices during a single trading day. Once the daily limit has been reached in a particular contract, no trades may be made on that day at a price beyond that limit. Futures contract prices may move to the daily limit for several consecutive trading days with little or no trading, thereby preventing prompt liquidation of futures positions and subjecting some futures traders to substantial losses. In such a case, and in the event of adverse price movements, the Fund would be required to make daily cash payments of variation margin. In such circumstances, an increase in the value of the portion of the portfolio being hedged, if any, may partially or completely offset losses on the futures contract.

Forward Currency Transactions. The Fund may hold currencies for various portfolio management purposes such as meeting settlement requirements for foreign securities. The Fund also may engage in currency exchange transactions to protect against uncertainty in the level of future exchange rates between a particular foreign currency and the U.S. dollar or between foreign currencies in which the Fund’s securities are or may be denominated. The use of forward currency contracts does not eliminate fluctuations in the underlying prices of the securities, but it does establish a rate of exchange that can be achieved in the future. The Fund will not enter into a currency transaction if, as a result, it will fail to qualify as a regulated investment company under the Code for a given year.

Forward currency contracts are agreements to exchange one currency for another at a future date. The date (which may be any agreed-upon fixed number of days in the future), the amount of currency to be exchanged and the price at which the exchange will take place will be negotiated and fixed for the term of the contract at the time that the Fund enters into the contract. Forward currency contracts (i) are traded in a market conducted directly between currency traders (typically, commercial banks or other financial institutions) and their customers, (ii) generally have no deposit requirements and (iii) are typically consummated without payment of any commissions. The Fund, however, may enter into forward currency contracts requiring deposits or involving the payment of commissions. The cost to the Fund of engaging in currency transactions varies with factors such as the currency involved, the length of the contract period and the market conditions then prevailing. To assure that the Fund’s forward currency contracts are not used to achieve investment leverage, cash or other liquid assets will be segregated with the Fund’s custodian or a designated sub-custodian in an amount at all times equal to or exceeding the Fund’s commitment with respect to the contracts.

Upon maturity of a forward currency contract, the Fund may (i) pay for and receive the underlying currency, (ii) negotiate with the dealer to roll over the contract into a new forward currency contract with a new future settlement date or (iii) negotiate with the dealer to terminate the forward contract into an offset with the currency trader providing for the Fund’s paying or receiving the difference between the exchange rate fixed in the contract and the then current exchange rate. HCMFA may also be able to negotiate such an offset on behalf of the Fund prior to maturity of the original forward contract. No assurance can be given that new forward contracts or offsets will always be available to the Fund.

 

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In hedging a specific portfolio position, the Fund may enter into a forward contract with respect to either the currency in which the position is denominated or another currency deemed appropriate by the Adviser.

The cost to the Fund of engaging in currency transactions varies with factors such as the currency involved, the length of the contract period and the market conditions then prevailing. Because transactions in currency exchanges are usually conducted on a principal basis, no fees or commissions are involved. The use of forward currency contracts does not eliminate fluctuations in the underlying prices of the securities, but it does establish a rate of exchange that can be achieved in the future. In addition, although forward currency contracts limit the risk of loss due to a decline in the value of the hedged currency, at the same time they limit any potential gain that might result should the value of the currency increase. If a devaluation is generally anticipated, the Fund may not be able to sell currency at a price above the anticipated devaluation level. The Fund will not enter into a currency transaction if, as a result, it will fail to qualify as a regulated investment company under the Code for a given year.

In entering into forward currency contracts, the Fund will be subject to a number of risks and special considerations. The market for forward currency contracts, for example, may be limited with respect to certain currencies. The existence of a limited market may in turn restrict the Fund’s ability to hedge against the risk of devaluation of currencies in which the Fund holds a substantial quantity of securities. The successful use of forward currency contracts as a hedging technique draws upon the portfolio manager’s special skills and experience with respect to those instruments and will usually depend upon the portfolio manager’s ability to forecast interest rate and currency exchange rate movements correctly. Should interest or exchange rates move in an unexpected manner, the Fund may not achieve the anticipated benefits of forward currency contracts or may realize losses and thus be in a less advantageous position than if those strategies had not been used. Many forward currency contracts are subject to no daily price fluctuation limits so that adverse market movements could continue with respect to those contracts to an unlimited extent over a period of time. In addition, the correlation between movements in the prices of those contracts and movements in the prices of the currencies hedged or used for cover will not be perfect. Although forward currency contracts limit the risk of loss due to a decline in the value of the hedged currency, at the same time, they limit any potential gain that might result should the value of the currency increase.

The ability to dispose of the Fund’s positions in forward currency contracts depends on the availability of active markets in those instruments, and the portfolio manager cannot predict the amount of trading interest that may exist in the future in forward currency contracts. Forward currency contracts may be closed out only by the parties entering into an offsetting contract. As a result, no assurance can be given that the Fund will be able to utilize these contracts effectively for the intended purposes.

Options on Foreign Currencies. The Fund may purchase and write put and call options on foreign currencies for the purpose of hedging against declines in the U.S. dollar value of foreign currency denominated securities and against increases in the U.S. dollar cost of securities to be acquired by the Fund. The Fund with such option writing authority may write only covered options. The Fund will not enter into a transaction involving options on foreign currencies for speculative purposes. Options on foreign currencies to be written or purchased by the Fund are traded on U.S. or foreign exchanges or in the OTC market.

Certain transactions involving options on foreign currencies are undertaken on contract markets that are not regulated by the CFTC. Options on foreign currencies traded on national securities exchanges are within the jurisdiction of the SEC, as are other securities traded on those exchanges. As a result, many of the protections provided to traders on organized exchanges will be available with respect to those transactions. In particular, all foreign currency option positions entered into on a national securities exchange are cleared and guaranteed by the Clearing Corporation, thereby reducing the risk of counterparty default. In addition, a liquid secondary market in options traded on a national securities exchange may exist, potentially permitting the Fund to liquidate open positions at a profit prior to exercise or expiration, or to limit losses in the event of adverse market movements.

The purchase and sale of exchange-traded foreign currency options are subject to the risks of the availability of a liquid secondary market as described above, as well as the risks regarding adverse market movements, margining of options written, the nature of the foreign currency market, possible intervention by governmental authorities and the effects of other political and economic events. In addition, exercise and settlement of exchange-traded foreign currency options must be made exclusively through the Clearing Corporation, which has established banking relationships in applicable foreign countries for this purpose. As a result, the Clearing Corporation may, if it determines that foreign governmental restrictions or taxes would prevent the orderly settlement of foreign currency option exercises, or would result in undue burdens on the Clearing Corporation or its clearing members, impose special procedures on exercise and settlement, such as technical changes in the mechanics of delivery of currency, the fixing of dollar settlement prices or prohibitions on exercise.

 

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Like the writing of other kinds of options, the writing of an option on a foreign currency constitutes only a partial hedge, up to the amount of the premium received; the Fund could also be required, with respect to any option it has written, to purchase or sell foreign currencies at disadvantageous exchange rates, thereby incurring losses. The purchase of an option on a foreign currency may constitute an effective hedge against fluctuation in exchange rates, although in the event of rate movements adverse to the Fund’s position, the Fund could forfeit the entire amount of the premium plus related transaction costs.

Options on foreign currencies may be traded on foreign exchanges that are not regulated by either the SEC or the CFTC. These transactions are subject to the risk of governmental actions affecting trading in or the prices of foreign currencies or securities. The value of these positions could also be adversely affected by (i) other complex foreign political and economic factors, (ii) lesser availability of data on which to make trading decisions than in the United States, (iii) delays in the Fund’s ability to act upon economic events occurring in foreign markets during non-business hours in the United States, (iv) the imposition of different exercise and settlement terms and procedures and margin requirements than in the United States and (v) lesser trading volume.

Interest Rate Swaps, Currency Swaps and Index Swaps. Interest rate swaps involve the exchange by the Fund with another party of their respective commitments to pay or receive interest, such as an exchange of fixed rate payments for floating rate payments. Currency swaps involve the exchange by the Fund with another party of their respective rights to make or receive payments in specified currencies. Index swaps involve the exchange by the Fund with another party of their respective rights to return on or increase in value of a basket of securities. Since swaps are individually negotiated, the Fund expects to achieve an acceptable degree of correlation between its portfolio investments and its swap positions. The use of swaps is a highly specialized activity that involves investment techniques and risks different from those associated with ordinary portfolio securities transactions. If the portfolio manager is incorrect in its forecasts of market values, interest rates and currency exchange rates, the investment performance of the Fund would be less favorable than it would have been if swaps were not used.

Credit Default Swaps. The “buyer” in a credit default contract is obligated to pay the “seller” a periodic stream of payments over the term of the contract provided no event of default has occurred. In the event of default, the seller must pay the buyer the “par value” (full notional value) of the reference obligation in exchange for the reference obligation. The Fund may be either the buyer or seller in the transaction. If the Fund is a buyer and no event of default occurs, the Fund loses its investment and recovers nothing. However, if an event of default occurs, the buyer receives full notional value for a reference obligation that may have little or no value. As a seller, the Fund receives a fixed rate of income throughout the term of the contract, provided there is no default event. If an event of default occurs, the seller may pay the notional value of the reference obligation. The value of the reference obligation received by the seller, coupled with the periodic payments previously received may be less than the full notional value it pays to the buyer, resulting in a loss of value to the Fund. Credit default swaps involve greater risks than if the Fund had invested in the reference obligation directly. In addition to general market risks, credit default swaps are subject to illiquidity risk, counterparty risk and credit risks.

Structured and Indexed Securities. The Fund may also invest in structured and indexed securities, the value of which is linked to currencies, interest rates, commodities, indexes or other financial indicators (“reference instruments”). The interest rate or the principal amount payable at maturity or redemption may be increased or decreased depending on changes in the value of the reference instrument. Structured or indexed securities may be positively or negatively indexed, so that appreciation of the reference instrument may produce an increase or a decrease in interest rate or value at maturity of the security. In addition, the change in the interest rate or value at maturity of the security may be some multiple of the change in value of the reference instrument. Thus, in addition to the credit risk of the security’s issuer, the Fund will bear the market risk of the reference instrument.

Mortgage Related Securities. The Fund may invest in mortgage related securities which represent pools of mortgage loans assembled for sale to investors by various governmental agencies, such as Ginnie Mae, by government sponsored corporations, such as Fannie Mae and Freddie Mac, as well as by private issuers, such as commercial banks, savings and loan institutions, mortgage bankers and private mortgage insurance companies.

The average maturity of pass-through pools of mortgage related securities in which the Fund may invest varies with the maturities of the underlying mortgage instruments. In addition, a pool’s stated maturity may be shortened by unscheduled payments on the underlying mortgages. Factors affecting mortgage prepayments include the level of interest rates, general economic and social conditions, the location of the mortgaged property and age of the mortgage. Because prepayment rates of individual mortgage pools vary widely, the average life of a particular pool cannot be predicted accurately.

Mortgage related securities may be classified as private, governmental or government-related, depending on the issuer or guarantor. Private mortgage related securities represent pass-through pools consisting principally of conventional residential mortgage loans created by non-governmental issuers, such as commercial banks, savings and loan associations and private mortgage insurance companies. Governmental mortgage related securities are backed by the full faith and credit of the United States. Ginnie Mae, the principal U.S. guarantor of these securities, is a wholly-owned U.S. government corporation within the Department of Housing and Urban Development. Government-related mortgage related securities are not backed by the full faith and credit of the United States. Issuers include Fannie Mae and Freddie Mac. Fannie Mae is a government-sponsored corporation owned entirely by private stockholders, which is subject to general regulation by the Secretary of Housing and Urban Development. Pass-through securities

 

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issued by Fannie Mae are guaranteed as to timely payment of principal and interest by Fannie Mae. Freddie Mac is a stockholder-owned corporation chartered by Congress, which is subject to general regulation by the Secretary of Housing and Urban Development. Participation certificates representing interests in mortgages from Freddie Mac’s national portfolio are guaranteed as to the timely payment of interest and ultimate collection of principal by Freddie Mac. In September 2008, the Federal Housing Finance Agency placed Fannie Mae and Freddie Mac into conservatorship to control their operations. Certain financing arrangements were put in place to support their bonds, but they are not backed by the full faith and credit of the U.S. Government.

Private, governmental or government-related entities may create mortgage loan pools offering pass-through investments in addition to those described above. The mortgages underlying these securities may be alternative mortgage instruments, that is, mortgage instruments whose principal or interest payments may vary or whose terms to maturity may be shorter than previously customary. The portfolio manager assesses new types of mortgage related securities as they are developed and offered to determine their appropriateness for investment by the Fund.

Several risks are associated with mortgage related securities generally. The monthly cash inflow from the underlying loans, for example, may not be sufficient to meet the monthly payment requirements of the mortgage related security. Prepayment of principal by mortgagors or mortgage foreclosures will shorten the term of the underlying mortgage pool for a mortgage related security. Early returns of principal will affect the average life of the mortgage related securities in the Fund. The occurrence of mortgage prepayments is affected by factors including the level of interest rates, general economic conditions, the location and age of the mortgage and other social and demographic conditions. In periods of rising interest rates, the rate of prepayment tends to decrease, thereby lengthening the average life of a pool of mortgage related securities. Conversely, in periods of falling interest rates the rate of prepayment tends to increase, thereby shortening the average life of a pool. Reinvestment of prepayments may occur at higher or lower interest rates than the original investment, thus affecting the yield of the Fund. Because prepayments of principal generally occur when interest rates are declining, the Fund will likely have to reinvest the proceeds of prepayments at lower interest rates than those at which its assets were previously invested, resulting in a corresponding decline in the Fund’s yield. Thus, mortgage related securities may have less potential for capital appreciation in periods of falling interest rates than other fixed income securities of comparable maturity, although those other fixed income securities may have a comparable risk of decline in market value in periods of rising interest rates. To the extent that the Fund purchases mortgage related securities at a premium, unscheduled prepayments, which are made at par, will result in a loss equal to any unamortized premium.

Adjustable rate mortgage related securities (“ARMs”) have interest rates that reset at periodic intervals, thereby allowing the Fund to participate in increases in interest rates through periodic adjustments in the coupons of the underlying mortgages, resulting in both higher current yields and lower price fluctuation than would be the case with more traditional long-term debt securities. Furthermore, if prepayments of principal are made on the underlying mortgages during periods of rising interest rates, the Fund generally will be able to reinvest these amounts in securities with a higher current rate of return. Increases in interest rates may cause the current yield of ARMs to exceed the maximum allowable annual or lifetime reset limits (or “caps”) for a particular mortgage. In addition, fluctuations in interest rates above these caps could cause ARMs to behave more like long-term fixed rate securities in response to extreme movements in interest rates. As a result, during periods of volatile interest rates, the Fund’s net asset values may fluctuate more than if they did not purchase ARMs. Moreover, during periods of rising interest rates, changes in the coupon of the adjustable rate mortgages will slightly lag behind changes in market rates, creating the potential for some principal loss for shareholders who redeem their shares of the Fund before the interest rates on the underlying mortgages are adjusted to reflect current market rates.

Collateralized Mortgage Obligations (“CMOs”) are obligations fully collateralized by a portfolio of mortgages or mortgage related securities. Payments of principal and interest on the mortgages are passed through to the holders of the CMOs on the same schedule as they are received, although certain classes of CMOs have priority over others with respect to the receipt of prepayments on the mortgages. Therefore, depending on the type of CMOs in which the Fund invests, the investment may be subject to a greater or lesser risk of prepayment than other types of mortgage related securities.

Further, if the Fund purchases mortgage-backed or asset-backed securities that are “subordinated” to other interests in the same mortgage pool, the Fund as a holder of those securities may only receive payments after the pool’s obligations to other investors have been satisfied. An unexpectedly high rate of defaults on the mortgages held by a mortgage pool may limit substantially the pool’s ability to make payments of principal or interest to the Fund as a holder of such subordinated securities, reducing the values of those securities or in some cases rendering them worthless; the risk of such defaults is generally higher in the case of mortgage pools that include so-called “subprime” mortgages. An unexpectedly high or low rate of prepayments on a pool’s underlying mortgages may have a similar effect on subordinated securities. A mortgage pool may issue securities to various levels of subordination; the risk of non-payment affects securities at each level, although the risk is greater in the case of more highly subordinated securities.

 

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Risk of Potential Governmental Regulation of Derivatives. It is possible that government regulation of various types of derivative instruments, including futures and swap agreements, may limit or prevent the Fund from using such instruments as a part of its investment strategy, and could ultimately prevent the Fund from being able to achieve its investment objectives. It is impossible to fully predict the effects of past, present or future legislation and regulation in this area, but the effects could be substantial and adverse.

The futures markets are subject to comprehensive statutes, regulations, and margin requirements. In addition, the SEC, CFTC and the exchanges are authorized to take extraordinary actions in the event of a market emergency, including, for example, the implementation or reduction of speculative position limits, the implementation of higher margin requirements, the establishment of daily price limits and the suspension of trading.

The regulation of swaps and futures transactions in the U.S. is a rapidly changing area of law and is subject to modification by government and judicial action. There is a possibility of future regulatory changes altering, perhaps to a material extent, the nature of an investment in the Fund or the ability of the Fund to continue to implement its investment strategies. In particular, the Dodd-Frank Act sets forth a legislative framework for OTC derivatives, such as swaps, in which the Fund may invest. Title VII of the Dodd-Frank Act makes broad changes to the OTC derivatives market, grants significant new authority to the SEC and the CFTC to regulate OTC derivatives and market participants, and, among other things, requires clearing of many OTC derivatives transactions and imposes minimum margin and capital requirements on uncleared OTC derivatives transactions.

In addition, in December 2015, the SEC proposed new regulations applicable to registered investment companies’ use of derivatives and related instruments. If adopted as proposed, these regulations could significantly limit or impact the Fund’s ability to invest in derivatives and other instruments, limit the Fund’s ability to employ certain strategies that use derivatives and adversely affect the Fund’s performance, efficiency in implementing its strategy, liquidity and ability to pursue its investment objectives.

Supranational Agencies. The Fund may invest up to 10% of its assets in debt obligations of supranational agencies such as the International Bank for Reconstruction and Development (commonly referred to as the World Bank), which was chartered to finance development projects in developing member countries; the European Union, which is a union of member states engaged in cooperative economic activities; and the Asian Development Bank, which is an international development bank established to lend funds, promote investment and provide technical assistance to member nations in the Asian and Pacific regions. Debt obligations of supranational agencies are not considered Government Securities and are not supported, directly or indirectly, by the U.S. Government.

Municipal Obligations. The term “Municipal Obligations” as used in the Prospectus and this SAI means debt obligations issued by, or on behalf of, states, territories and possessions of the United States and the District of Columbia and their political subdivisions, agencies and instrumentalities or multistate agencies or authorities, the interest from which debt obligations is, in the opinion of bond counsel to the issuer, excluded from gross income for regular federal income tax purposes. Municipal Obligations generally are understood to include debt obligations issued to obtain funds for various public purposes, including the construction of a wide range of public facilities, refunding of outstanding obligations, payment of general operating expenses and extensions of loans to public institutions and facilities. Private activity bonds that are issued by or on behalf of public authorities to finance privately operated facilities are considered to be Municipal Obligations if the interest paid on them qualifies as excluded from gross income (but not necessarily from alternative minimum taxable income) for regular federal income tax purposes in the opinion of bond counsel to the issuer.

Opinions relating to the validity of Municipal Obligations and to the exemption of interest on them from federal income taxes are rendered by bond counsel to the respective issuers at the time of issuance. Neither HCMFA nor the portfolio manager will review the proceedings relating to the issuance of Municipal Obligations or the basis for opinions of counsel.

Municipal Obligations may be issued to finance life care facilities, which are an alternative form of long-term housing for the elderly that offer residents the independence of a condominium life-style and, if needed, the comprehensive care of nursing home services. Bonds to finance these facilities have been issued by various state industrial development authorities. Because the bonds are secured only by the revenues of each facility and not by state or local government tax payments, they are subject to a wide variety of risks, including a drop in occupancy levels, the difficulty of maintaining adequate financial reserves to secure estimated actuarial liabilities, the possibility of regulatory cost restrictions applied to health care delivery and competition from alternative health care or conventional housing facilities.

Even though Municipal Obligations are interest-bearing investments that promise a stable flow of income, their prices are inversely affected by changes in interest rates and, therefore, are subject to the risk of market price fluctuations. The values of Municipal Obligations with longer remaining maturities typically fluctuate more than those of similarly rated Municipal Obligations with shorter remaining maturities. The values of Municipal Obligations also may be affected by changes in the credit rating or financial condition of the issuing entities.

 

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Tax legislation may affect the supply of, and the demand for, Municipal Obligations, as well as the tax-exempt nature of interest paid on those obligations. Neither HCMFA nor the portfolio manager can predict with certainty the effect of tax law changes upon the Municipal Obligation market, including the availability of instruments for investment by the Fund. In addition, neither HCMFA nor the portfolio manager can predict whether additional legislation adversely affecting the Municipal Obligation market will be enacted in the future. HCMFA monitors legislative developments and considers whether changes in the objective or policies of the Fund need to be made in response to those developments. If legislation were enacted that would treat a type of Municipal Obligation as taxable for federal income tax purposes, HCMFA would treat the security as a permissible taxable money market instrument for the Fund within the applicable limits set forth in the Prospectus.

Municipal Obligation Components. The Fund may invest in Municipal Obligations, the interest rate on which has been divided by the issuer into two different and variable components, which together result in a fixed interest rate. Typically, the first of the components (the “Auction Component”) pays an interest rate that is reset periodically through an auction process, whereas the second of the components (the “Residual Component”) pays a residual interest rate based on the difference between the total interest paid by the issuer on the Municipal Obligation and the auction rate paid on the Auction Component. The Fund may purchase both Auction and Residual Components. Because the interest rate paid to holders of Residual Components is generally determined by subtracting the interest rate paid to the holders of Auction Components from a fixed amount, the interest rate paid to Residual Component holders will decrease as the Auction Component’s rate increases and decrease as the Auction Component’s rate increases. Moreover, the extent of the increases and decreases in market value of Residual Components may be larger than comparable changes in the market value of an equal principal amount of a fixed rate Municipal Obligation having similar credit quality, redemption provisions and maturity.

Municipal Leases. Included among Municipal Obligations in which the Fund may invest are participations in lease obligations or installment purchase contracts issued by state or local governmental authorities (“Municipal Leases”) to obtain funds to acquire a wide variety of equipment and facilities.

Although Municipal Leases do not normally constitute general obligations of the municipality, they are ordinarily backed by the municipality’s agreement to make the payments due under the obligation. These obligations have evolved to make it possible for state and local government authorities to acquire property and equipment without meeting constitutional and statutory requirements for the issuance of debt. Thus, Municipal Leases have additional risks not normally associated with other Municipal Obligations. Municipal Leases may contain “non-appropriation” clauses that provide that the governmental issuer of the obligation has no obligation to make future payments under the lease or contract unless money is appropriated for those purposes by the legislative body on a yearly or other periodic basis. There have been challenges to the legality of lease financing in some states and, from time to time, certain municipalities have considered not appropriating funds for lease payments. Moreover, although some Municipal Leases will be secured by the leased equipment and facilities, the disposition of the equipment or facilities in the event of foreclosure might prove to be difficult.

Municipal Leases that the Fund may acquire will be both rated and unrated. Rated Municipal Leases that may be held by the Fund include those rated investment grade at the time of investment or those issued by issuers whose senior debt is rated investment grade at the time of investment. The Fund may acquire unrated issues that the portfolio manager deems to be comparable in quality to rated issues in which the Fund is authorized to invest. A determination that an unrated lease obligation is comparable in quality to a rated lease obligation and that there is a reasonable likelihood that the lease will not be canceled will be subject to oversight and approval by the Board.

An unrated Municipal Lease with a non-appropriation risk that is backed by an irrevocable bank letter of credit or an insurance policy issued by a bank or insurer deemed by the portfolio manager to be of high quality and minimal credit risk will not be deemed to be illiquid solely because the underlying municipal lease is unrated, if the portfolio manager determines that the lease is readily marketable because it is backed by the letter of credit or insurance policy.

Municipal Leases held by the Fund may be considered illiquid unless the Board determines on an ongoing basis that an adequate trading market exists for the Municipal Lease. In determining the liquidity of a Municipal Lease, in accordance with methods adopted by the Board, the following factors relating to the security are considered, among others: (i) the frequency of trades and quotes; (ii) the number of dealers willing to purchase or sell the security; (iii) the willingness of dealers to undertake to make a market; (iv) the nature of the marketplace trades; and (v) the likelihood that the obligation will continue to be marketable based on the credit quality of the municipality or relevant obligor.

Floating and Variable Rate Instruments. The Fund may invest in floating and variable rate instruments. Income securities may provide for floating or variable rate interest or dividend payments. The floating or variable rate may be determined by reference to a known lending rate, such as a bank’s prime rate, a certificate of deposit rate or the London InterBank Offered Rate (LIBOR). Alternatively, the rate may be determined through an auction or remarketing process. The rate also may be indexed to changes in the values of interest rate or securities indexes, currency exchange rate or other commodities. As with any debt instrument, variable and

 

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floating rate securities are generally subject to the risk of price declines and to increases in interest rates, particularly long-term rates. Variable and floating rate securities are also subject to the risk that, as interest rates rise, the cost of borrowing increases, which may increase the risk of default. In addition, the interest rates of floating rate loans typically only adjust to changes in short-term interest rates; long-term interest rates can vary dramatically from short-term interest rates. Therefore, variable and floating rate securities may not mitigate price declines in a rising long-term interest rate environment.

The amount by which the rates paid on an income security may increase or decrease may be subject to periodic or lifetime caps. Fluctuations in interest rates above these caps could cause adjustable rate securities to behave more like fixed rate securities in response to extreme movements in interest rates.

Floating and variable rate income securities include securities whose rates vary inversely with changes in market rates of interest. Such securities may also pay a rate of interest determined by applying a multiple to the variable rate. The extent of increases and decreases in the value of securities whose rates vary inversely with changes in market rates of interest generally will be larger than comparable changes in the value of an equal principal amount of a fixed rate security having similar credit quality, redemption provisions and maturity.

The Fund may purchase floating and variable rate demand bonds and notes, which are debt securities ordinarily having stated maturities in excess of one year but which permit their holder to demand payment of principal at any time or at specified intervals. Variable rate demand notes include master demand notes, which are obligations that permit the Fund to invest fluctuating amounts, which may change daily without penalty, pursuant to direct arrangements between the Fund, as lender, and the borrower. These obligations have interest rates that fluctuate from time to time and frequently are secured by letters of credit or other credit support arrangements provided by banks. Use of letters of credit or other credit support arrangements will not adversely affect the tax-exempt status of variable rate demand notes. Because they are direct lending arrangements between the lender and borrower, variable rate demand notes generally will not be traded and no established secondary market generally exists for them, although they are redeemable at face value. If variable rate demand notes are not secured by letters of credit or other credit support arrangements, the Fund’s right to demand payment will be dependent on the ability of the borrower to pay principal and interest on demand. Each obligation purchased by the Fund will meet the quality criteria established by the Adviser for the purchase of debt securities. The Adviser considers on an ongoing basis the creditworthiness of the issuers of the floating and variable rate demand obligations in the Fund’s portfolio, as necessary.

Participation Interests. The Fund may purchase from financial institutions participation interests in certain Municipal Obligations. A participation interest gives the Fund an undivided interest in the Municipal Obligation in the proportion that the Fund’s participation interest bears to the total principal amount of the Municipal Obligation. These instruments may have fixed, floating or variable rates of interest. If the participation interest is unrated, or has been given a rating below one that is otherwise permissible for purchase by the Fund, the participation interest will be backed by an irrevocable letter of credit or guarantee of a bank that the Board has determined meets certain quality standards, or the payment obligation otherwise will be collateralized by Government Securities. The Fund will have the right, with respect to certain participation interests, to demand payment, on a specified number of days’ notice, for all or any part of the Fund’s participation interest in the Municipal Obligation, plus accrued interest. The Fund intends that the Fund exercise its right to demand payment only upon a default under the terms of the Municipal Obligation, or to maintain or improve the quality of its investment portfolio. The Fund will invest no more than 5% of the value of its total assets in participation interests.

Zero Coupon Obligations. The Fund may invest in zero coupon obligations. Zero coupon obligations generally pay no cash interest (or dividends in the case of preferred stock) to their holders prior to maturity. Accordingly, such securities usually are issued and traded at a deep discount from their face or par value and generally are subject to greater fluctuations of market value in response to changing interest rates than securities of comparable maturities and credit quality that pay cash interest (or dividends in the case of preferred stock) on a current basis. Although the Fund will receive no payments on its zero coupon obligations prior to their maturity or disposition, it will be required for federal income tax purposes generally to include in its dividends each year an amount equal to the annual income that accrues on its zero coupon obligations. Such dividends will be paid from the cash assets of the Fund, from borrowings or by liquidation of portfolio securities, if necessary, at a time that the Fund otherwise would not have done so. To the extent the Fund is required to liquidate thinly traded securities, the Fund may be able to sell such securities only at prices lower than if such securities were more widely traded. The risks associated with holding securities that are not readily marketable may be accentuated at such time. To the extent the proceeds from any such dispositions are used by the Fund to pay distributions, the Fund will not be able to purchase additional income-producing securities with such proceeds, and as a result its current income ultimately may be reduced.

Custodial Receipts. The Fund may acquire custodial receipts or certificates underwritten by securities dealers or banks that evidence ownership of future interest payments, principal payments, or both, on certain Municipal Obligations. The underwriter of these certificates or receipts typically purchases Municipal Obligations and deposits the obligations in an irrevocable trust or custodial account with a custodian bank, which then issues receipts or certificates that evidence ownership of the periodic unmatured coupon

 

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payments and the final principal payment on the obligations. Custodial receipts evidencing specific coupon or principal payments have the same general attributes as zero coupon obligations described above. Although under the terms of a custodial receipt the Fund would be typically authorized to assert its rights directly against the issuer of the underlying obligation, the Fund could be required to assert through the custodian bank those rights as may exist against the underlying issuers. Thus, in the event the underlying issuer fails to pay principal and/or interest when due, the Fund may be subject to delays, expenses and risks that are greater than those that would have been involved if the Fund had purchased a direct obligation of the issuer. In addition, in the event that the trust or custodial account in which the underlying security has been deposited is determined to be an association taxable as a corporation, instead of a non-taxable entity, the yield on the underlying security would be reduced in recognition of any taxes paid.

Government Stripped Mortgage Related Securities. The Fund may invest in government stripped mortgage related securities issued and guaranteed by Ginnie Mae, Fannie Mae or Freddie Mac. These securities represent beneficial ownership interests in either periodic principal distributions (“principal-only” or “PO”) or interest distributions (“interest-only” or “IO”) on mortgage related certificates issued by Ginnie Mae, Fannie Mae or Freddie Mac. The certificates underlying the government stripped mortgage related securities represent all or part of the beneficial interest in pools of mortgage loans. The Fund will invest in government stripped mortgage related securities in order to enhance yield or to benefit from anticipated appreciation in value of the securities at times when HCMFA believes that interest rates will remain stable or increase. In periods of rising interest rates, the expected increase in the value of government stripped mortgage related securities may offset all or a portion of any decline in value of the securities held by the Fund.

Investing in government stripped mortgage related securities involves risks normally associated with investing in mortgage related securities issued by government or government related entities. In addition, the yields on government stripped mortgage related securities are extremely sensitive to prepayment on the mortgage loans underlying the certificates collateralizing the securities. If a decline in the level of prevailing interest rates results in a rate of principal prepayments higher than anticipated, distributions of principal will be accelerated, thereby reducing the yield to maturity on IO government stripped mortgage related securities and increasing the yield to maturity on PO government stripped mortgage related securities. Sufficiently high prepayment rates could result in the Fund not fully recovering their initial investment in an IO government stripped mortgage related security. The sensitivity of an IO security that represents the interest portion of a particular class, as opposed to the interest portion of an entire pool, to interest rate fluctuations, may be increased because of the characteristics of the principal portion to which they relate.

Government stripped mortgage related securities are currently traded in an over-the-counter market maintained by several large investment banking firms. No assurance can be given that the Fund will be able to effect a trade of a government stripped mortgage related security at a desired time. The Fund will acquire government stripped mortgage related securities only if a secondary market for the securities exists at the time of acquisition. Except for government stripped mortgage related securities based on fixed rate FNMA and FHLMC mortgage certificates that meet certain liquidity criteria established by the Board, the Fund treats government stripped mortgage related securities as illiquid.

Asset-Backed and Receivable-Backed Securities. The Fund may invest in securities issued by trusts and special purpose corporations with principal and interest payouts backed by, or supported by, any of various types of assets. These assets typically include receivables related to the purchase of automobiles, credit card loans, and home equity loans. These securities generally take the form of a structured type of security, including pass-through, pay-through, and stripped interest payout structures similar to the Collateralized Mortgage Obligation or CMO structure. Investments in these and other types of asset-backed securities must be consistent with the investment objectives and policies of the Fund.

The yield characteristics of asset-backed securities differ from traditional debt securities. Among the major differences are that interest and principal payments are made more frequently, usually monthly, and that principal may be prepaid at any time because the underlying assets generally may be prepaid at any time. As a result, if the Fund purchases such a security at a premium, a prepayment rate that is faster than expected will reduce yield to maturity, while a prepayment rate that is slower than expected will have the opposite effect of increasing yield to maturity. Alternatively, if the Fund purchases these securities at a discount, faster than expected prepayments will increase, while slower than expected prepayments will reduce, yield to maturity. The portfolio manager will seek to manage these risks (and potential benefits) by diversifying its investments in such securities and through hedging techniques.

Asset-backed securities involve certain risks that are not posed by other types of CMO securities, resulting mainly from the fact that asset-backed securities do not usually contain the complete benefit of a security interest in the related collateral. For example, credit card receivables generally are unsecured and the debtors are entitled to the protection of a number of state and Federal consumer credit laws, some of which may reduce the ability to obtain full payment. In the case of automobile receivables, due to various legal and economic factors, proceeds from repossessed collateral may not always be sufficient to support payments on these securities.

 

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Borrowing. The Fund may borrow money from banks (including their custodian bank) or from other lenders to the extent permitted under applicable law. The 1940 Act requires the Fund to maintain asset coverage of at least 300% for all such borrowings, and should such asset coverage at any time fall below 300%, the Fund would be required to reduce its borrowings within three days to the extent necessary to meet the requirements of the 1940 Act. The Fund will not make any borrowing that would cause its outstanding borrowings to exceed one-third of the value of its total assets (including the amount borrowed). To reduce its borrowings, the Fund might be required to sell securities at a time when it would be disadvantageous to do so. In addition, because interest on money borrowed is the Fund expense that it would not otherwise incur, the Fund may have less net investment income during periods when its borrowings are substantial. The interest paid by the Fund on borrowings may be more or less than the yield on the securities purchased with borrowed funds, depending on prevailing market conditions.

Collateralized Bond Obligations (“CBOs”), Collateralized Loan Obligations (“CLOs”) and Other Collateralized Debt Obligations (“CDOs”). The Fund may invest in CBOs, CLOs and other CDOs, which are debt instruments backed solely by a pool of other debt securities. The risks of an investment in a CBO, CLO or other CDO depend largely on the type of the collateral securities (which would have the risks described elsewhere in this document for that type of security) and the class of the CBO, CLO or other CDO in which the Fund invests. Some CBOs, CLOs and other CDOs have credit ratings, but are typically issued in various classes with various priorities. Normally, CBOs, CLOs and other CDOs are privately offered and sold (that is, not registered under the securities laws) and may be characterized by the Fund as illiquid securities, but an active dealer market may exist for CBOs, CLOs and other CDOs that qualify for Rule 144A transactions. In addition to the normal interest rate, default and other risks of fixed income securities discussed elsewhere in this document, CBOs, CLOs and other CDOs carry additional risks, including the possibility that distributions from collateral securities will not be adequate to make interest or other payments, the quality of the collateral may decline in value or default, the Fund may invest in CBOs, CLOs or other CDOs that are subordinate to other classes, volatility in values, and the complex structure of the security may not be fully understood at the time of investment and produce disputes with the issuer or unexpected investment results.

Mortgage Dollar Rolls. The Fund may, so long as it maintains asset coverage of at least 300%, enter into mortgage “dollar rolls” in which the Fund sells securities for delivery in the current month and simultaneously contracts with the same counterparty to repurchase similar (same type, coupon and maturity) but not identical securities on a specified future date. The Fund loses the right to receive principal and interest paid on the securities sold. However, the Fund would benefit to the extent of any proceeds received for the securities sold and the lower forward price for the future purchase (often referred to as the “drop”) or fee income plus the interest earned on the cash proceeds of the securities sold until the settlement date of the forward purchase. Unless such benefits exceed the income, capital appreciation and gain or loss due to mortgage repayments that would have been realized on the securities sold as part of the mortgage dollar roll, the use of this technique will diminish the investment performance of the Fund compared with what such performance would have been without the use of mortgage dollar rolls. The Fund will hold and maintain in a segregated account until the settlement date cash or liquid assets in an amount equal to the forward purchase price. The benefits derived from the use of mortgage dollar rolls may depend upon the portfolio manager’s ability to predict correctly mortgage prepayments and interest rates. There is no assurance that mortgage dollar rolls can be successfully employed.

For financial reporting and tax purposes, the Fund proposes to treat mortgage dollar rolls as two separate transactions: one involving the purchase of a security and a separate transaction involving a sale. The Fund does not currently intend to enter into mortgage dollar rolls that are accounted for as a financing.

Short Sales Against the Box. The Fund may sell securities “short against the box.” Whereas a short sale is the sale of a security the Fund does not own, a short sale is “against the box” if at all times during which the short position is open, the Fund owns at least an equal amount of the securities or securities convertible into, or exchangeable without further consideration for, securities of the same issue as the securities sold short.

World Equity Benchmark Shares (WEBS) and Other Index-Related Securities. The Fund may invest in exchange-traded funds, which are baskets of securities designed to generally track an index or a foreign market, such as iShares or Standard & Poor’s Depositary Receipts (“SPDRs”). These securities are considered to be investment companies for purposes of the Fund’s investment limitations.

Certain Investment Techniques, Derivatives Risk and Leverage Risk. When the Adviser of the Fund uses investment techniques such as margin, leverage and short sales, and forms of financial derivatives, such as options and futures, an investment in the Fund may be more volatile than investments in other mutual funds. Although the intention is to use such investment techniques and derivatives to minimize risk to the Fund, as well as for speculative purposes, there is the possibility that improper implementation of such techniques and derivative strategies or unusual market conditions could result in significant losses to the Fund. Derivatives are used to limit risk in the Fund or to enhance investment return and have a return tied to a formula based upon an interest rate, index, price of a security, or other measurement.

 

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Derivatives involve special risks, including: (1) the risk that interest rates, securities prices and currency markets will not move in the direction that a portfolio manager anticipates; (2) imperfect correlation between the price of derivative instruments and movements in the prices of the securities, interest rates or currencies being hedged; (3) the fact that skills needed to use these strategies are different than those needed to select portfolio securities; (4) the possible absence of a liquid secondary market for any particular instrument and possible exchange imposed price fluctuation limits, either of which may make it difficult or impossible to close out a position when desired; (5) the risk that adverse price movements in an instrument can result in a loss substantially greater than the Fund’s initial investment in that instrument (in some cases, the potential loss in unlimited); (6) particularly in the case of privately-negotiated instruments, the risk that the counterparty will not perform its obligations, or that penalties could be paid for positions held less than the required minimum holding period, which could leave the Fund worse off than if it had not entered into the position; and (7) the inability to close out certain hedged positions to avoid adverse tax consequences. In addition, the use of derivatives for non-hedging purposes (that is, to seek to increase total return) is considered a speculative practice and may present an even greater risk of loss than when used for hedging purposes. When derivatives are used for leverage, the effects of an instrument’s price changes as market conditions change tend to be magnified. Leverage involves the use of a small amount of money to control a large amount of financial assets, and can in some circumstances lead to significant losses. Futures transactions have the effect of investment leverage to the extent the Fund does not maintain liquid assets equal to the face amount of the contract. Swaps may involve leverage and can be highly volatile and may have a considerable impact on the Fund’s performance, as the potential gain or loss on any swap transaction is not necessarily subject to any fixed limit.

Legal and Regulatory Risk. Legal, tax and regulatory changes could occur during the term of the Fund that may adversely affect the Fund. New or revised laws or regulations may be issued by the CFTC, the SEC, the Internal Revenue Service (the “IRS”) or the Treasury Department, the U.S. Federal Reserve or other banking regulators, other governmental regulatory authorities, or self-regulatory organizations that supervise the financial markets that could adversely affect the Fund. In particular, these agencies are empowered to promulgate a variety of new rules pursuant to recently enacted financial reform legislation in the United States. The Fund also may be adversely affected by changes in the enforcement or interpretation of existing statutes and rules by these governmental regulatory authorities or self-regulatory organizations. In addition, the securities and futures markets are subject to comprehensive statutes, regulations and margin requirements. The CFTC, the SEC, the Federal Deposit Insurance Corporation, other regulators and self-regulatory organizations and exchanges are authorized to take extraordinary actions in the event of market emergencies. The regulation of derivatives transactions and funds that engage in such transactions is an evolving area of law and is subject to modification by government and judicial action.

The U.S. government recently enacted legislation which includes provisions for new regulation of the derivatives market, including clearing, margin, reporting and registration requirements. Because the legislation leaves much to rule making, its ultimate impact remains unclear. The regulatory changes could, among other things, restrict the Fund’s ability to engage in derivatives transactions (including because certain types of derivatives transactions may no longer be available to the Fund) and/or increase the costs of such derivatives transactions (including through increased margin or capital requirements), and the Fund may be unable to execute its investment strategy as a result. It is unclear how the regulatory changes will affect counterparty risk.

The CFTC and certain futures exchanges have established limits, referred to as “position limits,” on the maximum net long or net short positions which any person may hold or control in particular options and futures contracts; those position limits may in the future also apply to certain other derivatives positions the Fund may wish to take. All positions owned or controlled by the same person or entity, even if in different accounts, may be aggregated for purposes of determining whether the applicable position limits have been exceeded. Thus, even if the Fund does not intend to exceed applicable position limits, it is possible that different clients managed by the Adviser and its affiliates may be aggregated for this purpose. Although it is possible that the trading decisions of the Adviser may have to be modified and that positions held by the Fund may have to be liquidated in order to avoid exceeding such limits, the Adviser believes that this is unlikely. The modification of investment decisions or the elimination of open positions, if it occurs, may adversely affect the profitability of the Fund.

The effect of any future regulatory change on the Fund could be substantial and adverse.

The Fund’s derivative transactions, as well as any of its other hedging, short sale or similar transactions, may be subject to one or more special tax rules (including, for instance, notional principal contract, mark-to-market, constructive sale, straddle, wash sale and short-sale rules). These rules may affect whether gains and losses the Fund recognizes are treated as ordinary or capital and/or as short-term or long-term, accelerate the Fund’s recognition of income or gains, defer losses, and cause adjustments in the holding periods of the Fund’s securities. The rules could therefore affect the amount, timing and/or character of the Fund’s distributions to shareholders.

Because the tax rules applicable to derivative financial instruments are in some cases uncertain under current law, an adverse determination or future guidance by the IRS with respect to these rules (which determination or guidance could be retroactive) may affect whether the Fund has made sufficient distributions, and otherwise satisfied the relevant requirements, to maintain its qualification as a RIC and avoid a corporate-level tax.

 

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To qualify for the special tax treatment accorded RICs and their shareholders, the Fund must meet certain source-of-income, asset diversification and annual distribution requirements. The Fund’s ability to pursue its investment strategy may be limited or adversely affected by the Fund’s intention to qualify as a RIC and the Fund’s strategy may bear adversely on its ability to so qualify.

PORTFOLIO TURNOVER

The frequency and amount of portfolio purchases and sales (known as the “turnover rate”) will vary from year to year. The portfolio turnover rate may vary greatly from year to year and will not be a limiting factor when HCMFA deems portfolio changes appropriate. Although the Fund generally does not intend to trade for short-term profits, the securities held by the Fund will be sold whenever HCMFA believes it is appropriate to do so, without regard to the length of time a particular security may have been held. Higher portfolio turnover involves correspondingly greater transaction costs, including any brokerage commissions that the Fund will bear directly, and can cause the Fund to recognize more short-term capital gains (which are taxable to shareholders at higher rates than long-term capital gains). The Fund may engage in active trading to achieve its investment goals and, as a result, may have substantial portfolio turnover. A 100% turnover rate would occur if all of the Fund’s portfolio securities were replaced once within a one-year period.

The Fund’s historical turnover rates are included in the Financial Highlights tables in the Prospectus.

 

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INVESTMENT RESTRICTIONS

The Fund is subject to fundamental and non-fundamental investment policies and limitations. Under the 1940 Act, fundamental investment policies and limitations may not be changed without the vote of a majority of the outstanding voting securities (as defined in the 1940 Act) of the Fund. A “vote of a majority of the outstanding voting securities” of the Fund means the lesser of (i) 67% or more of the shares at a meeting if the holders of more than 50% of the outstanding shares are present or represented by proxy or (ii) more than 50% of the outstanding shares. If a percentage policy set forth in the Prospectus or one of the following percentage investment restrictions is adhered to at the time a transaction is effected, later changes in a percentage will not be considered a violation of the policy or restriction unless such change is caused by action of the Fund or pertains to the Fund’s limitations on borrowing and investment in illiquid securities.

The following policies and limitations supplement those described in the Prospectus and this SAI. Investment restrictions numbered 1 through 8 below have been adopted by the Fund as fundamental policies of the Fund. Investment restrictions 9 through 11 are not fundamental policies and may be changed by a vote of the Board at any time.

Fundamental Investment Restrictions. The following investment restrictions are fundamental polices and, as such, may not be changed without the approval of a “vote of a majority of the outstanding voting securities” (as defined in the 1940 Act) of the Fund.

 

  1.

The Fund may not borrow money, except that the Fund may, to the extent permitted under the 1940 Act, (a) borrow from banks (as defined in the 1940 Act) and through reverse repurchase agreements in amounts up to 33 1/3% of its total assets (including the amount borrowed), (b) borrow amounts equal to an additional 5% of its total assets for temporary purposes, (c) invest in permitted leveraged investments, (d) engage in transactions in mortgage dollar rolls and other similar transactions, and (e) engage in other transactions that may entail borrowing or otherwise borrow money to the extent permitted by applicable law.

 

  2.

The Fund may not lend its assets or money to other persons, except by (a) purchasing debt obligations (including privately placed debt obligations), (b) lending cash or securities as permitted by applicable law, (c) entering into repurchase agreements, (d) investing in permitted leveraged investments, or (e) as otherwise permitted by applicable law.

 

  3.

The Fund shall invest at least 75% of its total assets in some combination of the following: (a) cash and cash items, (b) Government Securities (as defined in the 1940 Act), (c) securities of other investment companies, and (d) other securities. With regard to (d), other securities (acquired pursuant to this policy) are limited as to any single issuer to an amount not greater than 5% of the Fund’s total assets and not more than 10% of the outstanding voting securities of any such issuer, or as otherwise permitted by applicable law.

 

  4.

The Fund will not make investments that will result in the concentration (as that term is used in the 1940 Act) of its assets in securities of issuers in any one industry or group of industries.

 

  5.

The Fund may not underwrite any issue of securities, except to the extent that the sale of portfolio securities in accordance with the Fund’s investment objective, policies and limitations may be deemed to be an underwriting, and except that the Fund may acquire securities under circumstances in which, if the securities were sold, the Fund might be deemed to be an underwriter for purposes of the Securities Act of 1933, as amended (the “1933 Act”).

 

  6.

The Fund may purchase or sell real estate, or direct or indirect interests in real estate, subject to other investment policies and applicable law.

 

  7.

The Fund may not issue senior securities, except as otherwise permitted by its fundamental policy on borrowing or by applicable law.

 

  8.

The Fund may purchase or sell commodities or commodity contracts, subject to other investment policies and applicable law.

For assets invested in senior loans and loan participations where the Fund does not assume a contractual lending relationship with the borrower, the Fund will treat both the financial intermediary and the ultimate borrower as issuers when applying the Fund’s industry concentration policy.

Non-Fundamental Investment Restrictions. Investment restrictions 9 through 12 are not fundamental policies and may be changed by a vote of the Board at any time.

 

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  9.

The Fund may not purchase securities of other investment companies, other than a security acquired in connection with a merger, consolidation, acquisition, reorganization or offer of exchange, except as otherwise permitted under the 1940 Act or applicable SEC orders.

 

  10.

The Fund may not invest in companies for the purpose of exercising control or management.

 

  11.

The Fund may not purchase warrants (other than warrants acquired by the Fund as part of a unit or attached to securities at the time of purchase) if, as a result, the investments (valued at the lower of cost or market) would exceed 5% of the value of the Fund’s net assets. For purposes of this restriction, warrants acquired by the Fund in units or attached to securities may be deemed to be without value.

Other Information. The following commentary is intended to help investors better understand the meaning of the Fund’s fundamental policies by briefly describing limitations, if any, imposed by the 1940 Act. References to the 1940 Act below may encompass rules, regulations or orders issued by the SEC and, to the extent deemed appropriate by the Fund, interpretations and guidance provided by the SEC staff. These descriptions are intended as brief summaries of such limitations as of the date of this SAI; they are not comprehensive and they are qualified in all cases by reference to the 1940 Act (including any rules, regulations or orders issued by the SEC and any relevant interpretations and guidance provided by the SEC staff). These descriptions are subject to change based on evolving guidance by the appropriate regulatory authority and are not part of the Fund’s fundamental policies.

The 1940 Act currently permits an investment company to borrow money from a bank so long as immediately after any such borrowing the ratio that the value of the total assets of the investment company (including the amount of any such borrowing), less the amount of all liabilities and indebtedness (other than such borrowing) of the investment company, bears to the amount of such borrowing is at least 300%. A lender to the Fund may require that the Fund pledge its assets as collateral. If the Fund were to default on a loan secured by pledged assets, the lender would be entitled to foreclose on and dispose of the pledged assets, but the lender could retain only the amount of assets (or the disposition proceeds of such assets) necessary to pay off the defaulted loan.

Under the 1940 Act, the Fund may not issue senior securities or borrow in excess of 33 1/3% of the Fund’s total assets (after giving effect to any such borrowing), which amount excludes borrowing for temporary purposes and in an amount not more than 5% of the Fund’s total assets at the time the borrowing for temporary purposes is made and may not use leverage in the form of preferred shares in excess of 50% of the Fund’s total assets (including the amount borrowed.

The percentage limitations in the restriction listed above apply at the time of purchases of securities and a later increase or decrease in percentage resulting from a change in value of net assets, or in any ratings, will not be deemed to result in a violation of the restriction, except that the limit on borrowing described herein is applied on a continual basis. As a general matter, the Adviser relies on the industry classifications provided by the Morgan Stanley Capital International/Standard & Poor’s Global Industry Classification Standard. An industry is considered to be a group of companies whose principal activities, products or services offered give them a similar economic risk profile vis à vis issuers active in other sectors of the economy. The definition of what constitutes a particular industry is therefore an evolving one. Some issuers could reasonably fall within more than one industry category. To the extent that the Global Industry Classification Standard classifications are so broad that the primary economic characteristics in a single class are materially different, the Fund may further classify issuers in accordance with industry classifications as published by the SEC or relevant SEC staff interpretations. The Fund may change any source used for determining industry classifications without prior shareholder notice or approval.

PORTFOLIO TRANSACTIONS AND BROKERAGE

Subject to the overall review of the Board, the Adviser is responsible for decisions to buy and sell securities and other portfolio holdings of the Fund, for selecting the broker or dealer to be used and for negotiating any commission rates paid. Transactions on domestic stock exchanges and some foreign stock exchanges involve the payment of negotiated brokerage commissions. On exchanges on which commissions are negotiated, the cost of transactions may vary among different brokers. On many foreign exchanges, commissions are fixed and may be higher than for securities traded on U.S. exchanges. Generally, no stated commissions are applicable to securities traded in U.S. over-the-counter markets, but the prices of those securities include undisclosed commissions or mark-ups. The cost of securities purchased from underwriters includes an underwriting commission or concession, and the prices at which securities are purchased from and sold to dealers include a dealer’s mark-up or mark-down. Government Securities generally will be purchased on behalf of the Fund from underwriters or dealers, although certain newly issued Government Securities may be purchased directly from the U.S. Treasury or from the issuing agency or instrumentality. On occasion, certain money market instruments may be purchased directly from an issuer, in which case no commissions or discounts are paid.

 

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Securities held by the Fund also may be held by other funds or separate accounts for which the Adviser acts as an adviser. Because of different investment objectives or other factors, a particular security may be bought by the Adviser for one or more of its clients, when one or more other clients are selling the same security. If purchases or sales of securities for the Fund or other clients of the Adviser arise for consideration at or about the same time, transactions in such securities will be made, insofar as feasible, for the Fund and other clients in a manner deemed equitable to all. To the extent that transactions on behalf of more than one client of the Adviser during the same period may increase the demand for securities being purchased or the supply of securities being sold, there may be an adverse effect on price.

On occasions when the Adviser deems the purchase or sale of a security to be in the best interests of the Fund as well as other funds or accounts for which the Adviser acts as an adviser, it may, to the extent permitted by applicable laws and regulations, but will not be obligated to, aggregate the securities to be sold or purchased for the Fund with those to be sold or purchased for other funds or accounts in order to obtain favorable execution and low brokerage commissions. In that event, allocation of the securities purchased or sold, as well as the expenses incurred in the transaction, will be made by the Adviser in the manner it considers to be most equitable and consistent with its fiduciary obligations to the Fund and to such other funds or accounts. In some cases this procedure may adversely affect the size the position obtainable for the Fund.

Commission Rates; Brokerage and Research Services

The Adviser seeks to obtain “best execution,” considering the execution price and overall commission costs paid and other factors. The Adviser routes its orders to various broker-dealers for execution at its discretion. Factors involved in selecting brokerage firms include the size, type and difficulty of the transaction, the nature of the market for the security, the reputation, experience and financial stability of the broker-dealer involved, the quality of service, the quality of research and investment information provided and the firm’s risk in positioning a block of securities. Within the framework of the policy of obtaining the most favorable price and efficient execution, the Adviser does consider “brokerage and research services” (as defined in the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, as amended (the “Exchange Act”)) provided by brokers who effect portfolio transactions with the Adviser or the Fund. “Brokerage and research services” are services that brokerage houses customarily provide to institutional investors and include statistical and economic data and research reports on particular issuers and industries.

In addition, the investment advisory agreement between the Fund and the Adviser authorizes the Adviser, on behalf of the respective Fund, in selecting brokers or dealers to execute a particular transaction and in evaluating the best overall terms available, to consider the brokerage and research services (as those terms are defined in Section 28(e) of the Exchange Act) provided to the Fund and/or other accounts over which the Adviser or its affiliates exercise investment discretion. The fees under the investment advisory agreement relating to the Fund will not be reduced by reason of the Fund’s receiving brokerage and research services. Such services include analyses and reports regarding issuers, industries, economic trends, portfolio strategy, and may effect securities transactions and perform certain functions related thereto. In addition, such services may include advice concerning the advisability of investing in, purchasing or selling securities and the availability of particular securities or buyers or sellers of securities. The research services received from broker-dealers that execute transactions on behalf of the Fund may be useful to the Adviser in servicing the Fund as well as all of the Adviser’s accounts and not all of these services may be used in connection with the Fund generating the commissions. Consistent with limits established by the Federal securities laws, the Fund may pay broker-dealer commissions for agency transactions that exceed the amount of commissions charged by other broker-dealers in recognition of their research and brokerage services.

The following table shows the amount of brokerage commissions paid by the Predecessor Fund over the past three fiscal years. Variations in the amount of brokerage commissions paid by a Fund from year to year may result from changing asset levels, market conditions or changes in the Adviser’s outlook.

 

Fiscal Year Ended September 30, 2018

   Fiscal Year Ended September 30, 2017    Fiscal Year Ended September 30, 2016
$1,389,238    $3,332,102    $3,412,783

 

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MANAGEMENT OF THE FUND

The Board provides broad oversight of the operations and affairs of the Fund and protects the interests of shareholders. The Board has overall responsibility to manage and control the business affairs of the Fund, including the complete and exclusive authority to establish policies regarding the management, conduct and operation of the Fund’s business. The names and birthdates of the Trustees and officers of the Fund, the year each was first elected or appointed to office, their principal business occupations during the last five years, the number of funds overseen by each Trustee and other directorships or trusteeships they hold are shown below. The business address for each Trustee and officer of the Fund is c/o Highland Capital Management Fund Advisors, L.P., 200 Crescent Court, Suite 700, Dallas, Texas 75201.

 

Name, Date of Birth, Position(s) with the Fund
and Length of Time Served, Term of Office1
and Number of Portfolios in the Highland Funds
Complex Overseen by the Trustee
Independent Trustees

  

Principal Occupations(s)

During the Past Five Years and

Other Directorships/Trusteeships

Held During the Past Five Years

  

Experience, Qualifications,

Attributes, Skills for

Board Membership

During the Past Five Years

Dr. Bob Froehlich

(4/28/1953)

 

Trustee since March 2016;

3 year term (expiring at 2020 annual meeting) for the Trust.

 

24 funds

  

Retired.

 

Trustee of ARC Realty Finance Trust, Inc. (from January 2013 to May 2016); Director of KC Concessions, Inc. (since January 2013); Trustee of Realty Capital Income Funds Trust (from January 2014 to December 2016); Director of American Realty Capital Healthcare Trust II (from January 2013 to June 2016); Director, American Realty Capital Daily Net Asset Value Trust, Inc. (from November 2012 to July 2016); Director of American Sports Enterprise, Inc. (since January 2013); Director of Davidson Investment Advisors (from July 2009 to July 2016); Chairman and owner, Kane County Cougars Baseball Club (since January 2013); Advisory Board of Directors, Internet Connectivity Group, Inc. (from January 2014 to April 2016); Director of AXAR Acquisition Corp. (formerly AR Capital Acquisition Corp.) (from October 2014 to October 2017); Director of The Midwest League of Professional Baseball Clubs, Inc.; Director of Kane County Cougars Foundation, Inc.; Director of Galen Robotics, Inc.; Chairman and Director of FC Global Realty, Inc. (from May 2017 to June 2018); and Chairman and Director of First Capital Investment Corp. (from March 2017 to March 2018).

  

Significant experience in the financial industry; significant managerial and executive experience; significant experience on other boards of directors, including as a member of several audit committees.

 

California Coast University – PhD; Central Michigan University – Master of Arts; University of Dayton – Master of Public Administration; University of Dayton – Bachelor of Arts.

John Honis2

(6/16/1958)

 

Trustee since July 2013;

3 year term (expiring at 2021 annual meeting) for the Trust.

 

24 funds

  

President of Rand Advisors, LLC since August 2013; Partner of Highland Capital Management, L.P. (“HCM”) from February 2007 until his resignation in November 2014.

 

Manager of Turtle Bay Resort, LLC (August 2011 – December 2018); Manager of American Home Patient (November 2011 to February 2016).

   Significant experience in the financial industry; significant managerial and executive experience, including experience as president, chief executive officer or chief restructuring officer of five telecommunication firms; experience on other boards of directors.

Ethan Powell3

(6/20/1975)

 

Trustee since December 2013; Chairman of the Board since December 2013; 3 year term

  

Trustee of Impact Shares Funds I Trust

 

President and Founder of Impact Shares LLC

since December 2015; Trustee/Director of the Highland Funds Complex from June 2012 until July 2013 and since December

   Significant experience in the financial industry; significant executive experience including past service as an officer of funds in the Highland Funds

 

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Name, Date of Birth, Position(s)

with the Fund and Length of

Time Served, Term of Office1

and Number of Portfolios in the

Highland Funds Complex

Overseen by the Trustee

  

Principal Occupations(s)

During the Past Five Years and

Other Directorships/Trusteeships

Held During the Past Five Years

  

Experience, Qualifications,

Attributes, Skills for

Board Membership

During the Past Five Years

(expiring at 2019 annual meeting) for the Trust.

 

24 funds

   2013; Chief Product Strategist of Highland Capital Management Fund Advisors, L.P. (“HCMFA”) from 2012 until December 2015; Senior Retail Fund Analyst of HCM from 2007 until December 2015 and HCMFA from its inception until December 2015; President and Principal Executive Officer of NHF from June 2012 until May 2015; Secretary of NHF from May 2015 until December 2015; Executive Vice President and Principal Executive Officer of HFI and HFII from June 2012 until December 2015; and Secretary of HFI and HFII from November 2010 to May 2015.    Complex; significant administrative and managerial experience.

Bryan A. Ward

(2/4/1955)

 

Trustee since May 2006

3 year term (expiring at 2019 annual meeting).

 

24 funds

 

  

Private Investor, BW Consulting, LLC since 2014; Senior Manager, Accenture, LLP (a consulting firm) from 1991 until retirement in 2014.

 

Director of Equity Metrix, LLC

   Significant experience on this and/or other boards of directors/trustees; significant managerial and executive experience; significant experience as a management consultant.
Interested Trustees      

Dustin Norris4

(1/6/1984)

 

Trustee since February 2018; Secretary since December 2015;

Nominee for 3 year term

expiring at 2021 annual

meeting.

 

24 funds

  

Head of Distribution and Chief Product Strategist at NexPoint since March 2019; President of NexPoint Securities, Inc. (formerly, Highland Capital Funds Distributor, Inc.) from April 2018; Head of Distribution at HCMFA from November 2017 until March 2019; Secretary of HFRO, GAF, HFI and HFII since October 2017; Assistant Secretary of HFRO and GAF II from August 2017 to October 2017; Chief Product Strategist at HCMFA from September 2015 to March 2019; Director of Product Strategy at HCMFA from May 2014 to September 2015; Assistant Secretary of HFI and HFII from March 2017 to October 2017; Secretary of NHF since December 2015; Assistant Treasurer of NexPoint Real Estate Advisors, L.P. since May 2015; Assistant Treasurer of NexPoint Real Estate Advisors II, L.P. since June 2016; Assistant Treasurer of HFI and HFII from November 2012 to March 2017; Assistant Treasurer of NHF from November 2012 to December 2015; Secretary of the BDC since 2014; and Secretary of the Interval Funds since March 2016.

 

None

   Significant experience in the financial industry; significant managerial and executive experience, including experience as an officer of the Highland Funds Complex since 2012.

 

1

The Board of Trustees is divided into three classes, each class having a term of three years to expire on the date of the third annual meeting following its election. On an annual basis, as a matter of Board policy, the Governance Committee reviews each Trustee’s performance and determines whether to extend each such Trustee’s service for another year. Effective June 2013, the Board adopted a retirement policy wherein the Governance Committee shall not recommend the continued service as a Trustee of a Board member who is older than 80 years of age at the time the Governance Committee reports its findings to the Board.

2

Since May 1, 2015, Mr. Honis has been treated as an Independent Trustee of the Trust. Prior to that date, Mr. Honis was treated as an Interested Trustee because he was a partner of an investment adviser affiliated with the Adviser until his resignation in November 2014. As of March 5, 2019, Mr. Honis was entitled to receive aggregate severance and/or deferred compensation payments of approximately $400,000 from another affiliate of the Adviser.

 

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In addition, Mr. Honis serves as a trustee of a trust that owns substantially all of the economic interest in an investment adviser affiliated with the Adviser. Mr. Honis indirectly receives an asset-based fee in respect of such interest, which is projected to range from $450,000-$550,000 annually. Additionally, an investment adviser controlled by Mr. Honis has entered into a shared services arrangement with an affiliate of the Adviser, pursuant to which the affiliate provides back office support in exchange for approximately $50,000 per quarter. The affiliated adviser was paid $147,000 and $208,000 in 2017 and 2018, respectively. In light of these relationships between Mr. Honis and affiliates of the Adviser, it is possible that the SEC might in the future determine Mr. Honis to be an interested person of the Trust.

 

3

Prior to December 8, 2017, Mr. Powell was treated as an Interested Trustee of the Fund for all purposes other than compensation and the Trust’s code of ethics.

4

On February 7, 2018, Mr. Norris was appointed as an Interested Trustee of the Trust.

OFFICERS*

 

Name, Date of Birth, Position(s) held with the Trust and Length of Time
Served, Term of Office

  

Principal Occupations(s) During the Past Five Years

James Dondero

(6/29/1962)

 

President since May 2015 and

Principal Executive Officer; Indefinite Term

   President of HCM, which he co-founded in 1993; Chairman of the Board of NexPoint Residential Trust, Inc. since May 2015; Portfolio Manager of NHF and GAF, Portfolio Manager of Highland Energy MLP Fund, Highland Small-Cap Equity Fund and Highland Premier Growth Equity Fund (each a series of HFII); Portfolio Manager of Highland Opportunistic Credit Fund (series of HFI) and a Portfolio Manager of the BDC since 2014; President of NexPoint Real Estate Advisors, L.P. since May 2015; President of NexPoint Real Estate Advisors II, L.P. since June 2016; President and Portfolio Manager of the Interval Funds since 2016.

Frank Waterhouse

(4/14/1971)

 

Treasurer since May 2015; Principal

Financial Officer and Principal Accounting Officer since October 2017; Principal Executive Officer since February 2018; Indefinite Term

   Principal Executive Officer of HFI, HFII, HFRO, and GAF since February 2018; Principal Financial Officer and Principal Accounting Officer of HFRO, GAF, the BDC, NHF, HFI, HFII, and NexPoint Real Estate Advisors, L.P. since October 2017; Treasurer of HFRO and GAF since August 2017; Treasurer of Acis Capital Management, L.P. from February 2012 to September 2018; Treasurer of HCM since April 2012; Treasurer of HCMFA since October 2012; Treasurer of NexPoint Advisors, L.P. since March 2012 and Treasurer of the BDC, NHF, HFI, HFII, and NexPoint Real Estate Advisors, L.P. since May 2015, Treasurer of NexPoint Real Estate Advisors II, L.P. since June 2016; and Treasurer of the Interval Funds since March 2016.

Clifford Stoops

(11/17/1970)

 

Assistant Treasurer since March 2017;

Indefinite Term

   Assistant Treasurer of HFRO and GAF since August 2017; Assistant Treasurer of HFI, HFII, NHF, the BDC and the Interval Funds since March 2017; Chief Accounting Officer at HCM since December 2011.

Jason Post

(1/9/1979)

 

Chief Compliance Officer since September 2015; Indefinite Term

   Chief Compliance Officer and Anti-Money Laundering Officer of HFRO and GAF since August 2017; Chief Compliance Officer and Anti-Money Laundering Officer of HFI, HFII, NHF, and the BDC since September 2015; and Chief Compliance Officer and Anti-Money Laundering Officer of the Interval Funds since March 2016; and Chief Compliance Officer for HCMFA and NexPoint Advisors, L.P since September 2015. Prior to this role served as Deputy Chief Compliance Officer and Director of Compliance for HCM.

Dustin Norris

(1/6/1984)

 

Secretary since October 2017; Trustee since February 2018; Indefinite Term

 

   Head of Distribution and Chief Product Strategist at NexPoint since March 2019; President of NexPoint Securities, Inc. since April 2018; Head of Distribution at HCMFA from November 2017 until March 2019; Secretary of HFRO, GAF, HFI and HFII since October 2017; Assistant Secretary of HFRO and GAF from August 2017 to October 2017; Chief Product Strategist at HCMFA from September 2015 to March 2019; Director of Product Strategy at HCMFA from May 2014 to September 2015; Assistant Secretary of HFI and HFII from March 2017 to October 2017; Secretary of NHF since December 2015; Assistant Treasurer of NexPoint Real Estate Advisors, L.P. since May 2015; Assistant Treasurer of NexPoint Real Estate Advisors II, L.P. since June 2016; Assistant Treasurer of HFI and HFII from November 2012 to March 2017; Assistant Treasurer of NHF from November 2012 to December 2015; and Secretary of the BDC since 2014; Secretary of the Interval Funds since March 2016.

 

*

The address for each Trustee and Officer is c/o NexPoint Advisors, L.P., 300 Crescent Court, Suite 700, Dallas, Texas 75201.

 

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Qualifications of Trustees

The following provides an overview of the considerations that led the Board to conclude that each individual serving as a Trustee of the Fund should so serve. Among the factors the Board considered when concluding that an individual should serve on the Board were the following: (i) the individual’s business and professional experience and accomplishments; (ii) the individual’s ability to work effectively with the other members of the Board; (iii) the individual’s prior experience, if any, serving on company boards (including public companies and, where relevant, other investment companies) and the boards of other complex enterprises and organizations; and (iv) how the individual’s skills, experiences and attributes would contribute to an appropriate mix of relevant skills and experience on the Board.

In respect of each current Trustee, the individual’s professional accomplishments and prior experience, including, in some cases, in fields related to the operations of the Fund, were a significant factor in the determination that the individual should serve as a Trustee of the Fund. Each Trustee’s professional experience and additional considerations that contributed to the Board’s conclusion that an individual should serve on the Board are summarized in the table above.

Trustees’ Compensation

The officers of the Fund and those of its Trustees who are “interested persons” (as defined in the 1940 Act) of the Fund receive no direct remuneration from the Fund. The following table sets forth the aggregate compensation paid to each Trustee who is not an “interested person” (as defined in the 1940 Act) of the Fund (the “Independent Trustees”) by the Highland Funds Complex (as defined below) for the period ending December 31, 2018.

 

Name of Trustee

   Aggregate
Compensation
From the Fund1
     Aggregate
Compensation
From the
Highland

Funds Complex
 

Interested Trustee

     

Dustin Norris2

     N/A        N/A  

Independent Trustees

     

Timothy K. Hui3

   $ 15,001.21      $ 150,000.00  

Bryan A. Ward4

   $ 16,001.21      $ 160,000.00  

Dr. Bob Froehlich

   $ 15,001.21      $ 150,000.00  

John Honis5

   $ 15,001.21      $ 150,000.00  

Ethan Powell4,6

   $ 16,001.21      $ 160,000.00  

 

1

Compensation paid by the trust of which the Predecessor Fund was a series.

2 

On February 7, 2018, Mr. Norris was appointed an Interested Trustee of the Fund.

3 

Effective March 31, 2019, Mr. Hui resigned as an Independent Trustee of the Trust.

4 

Effective December 31, 2018, the Board approved an aggregate compensation increase of $10,000 payable to each of the Chairman of the Audit Committee and Chairman of the Board.

5

Effective May 1, 2015, Mr. Honis is treated as an Independent Trustee of the Highland Funds Complex.

6

Prior to December 8, 2017, Mr. Powell was treated as an Interested Trustee of the Highland Funds Complex for all purposes other than compensation and the Fund’s code of ethics.

Each Independent Trustee receives an annual retainer of $150,000 payable in quarterly installments and allocated among each portfolio in the Highland Funds Complex. The Independent Trustees do not receive any separate compensation in connection with service on Committees or for attending Board or Committee meetings; however, the Chairman of the Board and the Chairman of the Audit Committee each receive an additional payment of $10,000 payable in quarterly installments and allocated among each portfolio in the Highland Funds Complex based on relative net assets. The Trustees do not have any pension or retirement plan.

Role of the Board of Trustees, Leadership Structure and Risk Oversight

The Role of the Board

The Board oversees the management and operations of the Fund. Like most registered investment companies, the day-to-day management and operation of the Fund is performed by various service providers to the Fund, such as HCMFA, administrator, custodian, and the Transfer Agent, each of which is discussed in greater detail in this SAI. The Board has appointed senior employees of certain of these service providers as officers of the Fund, with responsibility to monitor and report to the Board on the Fund’s

 

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operations. The Board receives regular reports from these officers and service providers regarding the Fund’s operations. For example, the Treasurer provides reports as to financial reporting matters and investment personnel report on the performance of the Fund. The Board has appointed a Chief Compliance Officer who administers the Fund’s compliance program and regularly reports to the Board as to compliance matters. Some of these reports are provided as part of formal in person Board meetings which are typically held quarterly, in person, and involve the Board’s review of, among other items, recent Fund operations. The Board also periodically holds telephonic meetings as part of its review of the Fund’s activities. From time to time one or more members of the Board may also meet with management in less formal settings, between scheduled Board meetings, to discuss various topics. In all cases, however, the role of the Board and of any individual Trustee is one of oversight and not of management of the day-to-day affairs of the Fund and its oversight role does not make the Board a guarantor of the Fund’s investments, operations or activities.

Board Structure and Leadership

The Board has structured itself in a manner that it believes allows it to perform its oversight function effectively. The Board consists of six Trustees, five of whom are Independent Trustees. The remaining Trustee, Mr. Norris, is an “interested person” of the Fund (each an “Interested Trustee”) as a result of his employment with the Adviser. Mr. Powell serves as Chairman of the Board. The Trustees meet periodically throughout the year in person and by telephone to oversee the Fund’s activities, review contractual arrangements with service providers for the Fund and review the Fund’s performance. The Board conducts much of its work through certain standing Committees, each of whose meetings are chaired by an Independent Trustee.

The Board has established the following standing committees, each of which is discussed in greater detail below: Audit and Qualified Legal Compliance Committee, a Governance Committee, a Compliance Committee, a Distribution Oversight Committee and an Alternatives Oversight Committee.

Audit and Qualified Legal Compliance Committee. The members of the Audit and Qualified Legal Compliance Committee are Froehlich, Hui, and Ward each of whom is independent for purposes of the 1940 Act. The Audit and Qualified Legal Compliance Committee is responsible for approving the Fund’s independent accountants, reviewing with the Fund’s independent accountants the plans and results of the audit engagement and the adequacy of the Fund’s internal accounting controls, approving professional services provided by the Fund’s independent accountants. The Audit and Qualified Legal Compliance Committee is charged with compliance with Rules 205.2(k) and 205.3(c) of Title 17 of the Code of Federal Regulations regarding alternative reporting procedures for attorneys representing the Fund who appear and practice before the SEC on behalf of the Fund. The Audit and Qualified Legal Compliance Committee is also responsible for reviewing and overseeing the valuation of debt and equity securities that are not publicly traded or for which current market values are not readily available pursuant to policies and procedures adopted by the Board. The Board and Audit and Qualified Legal Compliance Committee will use the services of one or more independent valuation firms to help them determine the fair value of these securities. In addition, each member of the Audit and Qualified Legal Compliance Committee meets the current independence and experience requirements of Rule 10A-3 under the Exchange Act.

The Audit and Qualified Legal Compliance Committee met six times during the fiscal year ended September 30, 2018. Mr. Ward acts as the Chairman of the Audit and Qualified Legal Compliance Committee and as the audit committee financial expert.

Governance Committee. The Fund’s Governance Committee’s function is to oversee and make recommendations to the full Board or the Independent Trustees, as applicable, with respect to the governance of the Fund, selection and nomination of Trustees, compensation of Trustees, and related matters. The Governance Committee is also responsible for at least annually evaluating each Trustee and determining whether to recommend each Trustee’s continued service in that capacity. The Governance Committee will consider recommendations for Trustee nominees from shareholders sent to the Secretary of the Fund, 200 Crescent Court, Suite 700, Dallas, Texas 75201. A nomination submission must include all information relating to the recommended nominee that is required to be disclosed in solicitations or proxy statements for the election of Trustees, as well as information sufficient to evaluate the recommended nominee’s ability to meet the responsibilities of a Trustee of the Fund. Nomination submissions must be accompanied by a written consent of the individual to stand for election if nominated by the Board and to serve if elected by the shareholders, and such additional information must be provided regarding the recommended nominee as reasonably requested by the Governance Committee. The Governance Committee is currently comprised of Messrs. Hui, Ward, and Powell. Mr. Powell serves as the Chairman of the Governance Committee. The Governance Committee met two times during the fiscal year ended September 30, 2018.

Compliance Committee. The Compliance Committee’s function is to oversee and assist Board oversight of the Fund’s compliance with legal and regulatory requirements and to seek to address any potential conflicts of interest between the Fund and HCMFA in connection with any potential or existing litigation or other legal proceeding relating to securities held by the Fund and HCMFA another client of HCMFA. The Compliance Committee is currently comprised of Messrs. Hui, Froehlich, and Powell. Mr. Hui acts as the Chairman of the Compliance Committee. The Compliance Committee met three times during the fiscal year ended September 30, 2018.

 

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The Alternatives Oversight Committee. The members of the Alternatives Oversight Committee are Messrs. Honis and Ward. The Alternatives Oversight Committee is responsible for overseeing any Fund that in the Board’s determination employ alternative investment strategies. Mr. Honis serves as Chairman of the Alternatives Oversight Committee. The Alternatives Oversight Committee met two times during the fiscal year ended September 30, 2018.

The Distribution Oversight Committee. The members of the Distribution Oversight Committee are Messrs. Froehlich and Honis. The Distribution Oversight Committee is responsible for overseeing and making recommendations to the Board with respect to the appointment and oversight of sub-advisers to the Fund and Fund payments to financial intermediaries. Mr. Froehlich serves as Chairman of the Distribution Oversight Committee. The Distribution Oversight Committee met three times during the fiscal year ended September 30, 2018.

The Fund is led by Ethan Powell, who has served as the Chairman of the Board since December 2013. Under certain 1940 Act governance guidelines that apply to the Fund, the Independent Trustees will meet in executive session, at least quarterly. Under the Fund’s governing documents, the Chairman of the Board is responsible for (a) presiding at board meetings, (b) calling special meetings on an as-needed basis, (c) execution and administration of Fund policies including (i) setting the agendas for board meetings and (ii) providing information to board members in advance of each board meeting and between board meetings. The Fund believes that the Chairman, and, as an entity, the full Board, provide effective leadership that is in the best interests of the Fund and each shareholder.

The Board periodically reviews its leadership structure, including the role of the Chairman. The Board also completes an annual self-assessment during which it reviews its leadership and Committee structure and considers whether its structure remains appropriate in light of the Fund’s current operations. The Board believes that its leadership structure, including the current percentage of the Board who are Independent Trustees, is appropriate given its specific characteristics. These characteristics include: (i) the extent to which the work of the Board is conducted through the standing committees; (ii) the extent to which the Independent Trustees meet as needed, together with their independent legal counsel, in the absence of members of management and members of the Board who are “interested persons” of the Fund; and (iii) Mr. Powell’s previous positions with the Adviser and an affiliate of the Adviser and the possibility that he may provide consulting services to the Adviser and affiliates of the Adviser and Mr. Honis’ previous position with an affiliate of the Adviser, which enhances the Board’s understanding of the operations of the Adviser.

Board Oversight of Risk Management

The Board’s role is one of oversight, rather than active management. This oversight extends to the Fund’s risk management processes. These processes are embedded in the responsibilities of officers of, and service providers to, the Fund. For example, HCMFA, and other service providers to the Fund are primarily responsible for the management of the Fund’s investment risks. The Board has not established a formal risk oversight committee; however, much of the regular work of the Board and its standing Committees addresses aspects of risk oversight. For example, the Trustees seek to understand the key risks facing the Fund, including those involving conflicts of interest; how management identifies and monitors these risks on an ongoing basis; how management develops and implements controls to mitigate these risks; and how management tests the effectiveness of those controls.

In the course of providing that oversight, the Board receives a wide range of reports on the Fund’s activities from HCMFA, and other service providers, including reports regarding the Fund’s investment portfolios, the compliance of the Fund with applicable laws, and the Fund’s financial accounting and reporting. The Board also meets periodically with the Fund’s Chief Compliance Officer to receive reports regarding the compliance of the Fund with the federal securities laws and the Fund’s internal compliance policies and procedures, and meets with the Fund’s Chief Compliance Officer periodically, including at least annually, to review the Chief Compliance Officer’s annual report, including the Chief Compliance Officer’s risk-based analysis for the Fund. The Board’s Audit Committee also meets regularly with the Treasurer and Fund’s independent registered public accounting firm to discuss, among other things, the internal control structure of the Fund’s financial reporting function. The Board also meets periodically with the portfolio managers of the Fund to receive reports regarding the management of the Fund, including its investment risks.

The “Highland Funds Complex,” as referred to herein consists of: the Fund, each series of Highland Funds I (“HFI”), each series of Highland Funds II (“HFII”), Highland Floating Rate Opportunities Fund (“HFRO”), NexPoint Strategic Opportunities Fund (“NHF”), NexPoint Event-Driven Fund (“NEDF”), NexPoint Latin American Opportunities Fund (“NLAF”), NexPoint Real Estate Strategies Fund (“NRESF”), NexPoint Strategic Income Fund (“NSIF”), NexPoint Energy and Materials Opportunities Fund (“NEMO”), NexPoint Discount Strategies Fund (“NDSF”), NexPoint Healthcare Opportunities Fund (“NHOF”, and together with NEDF, NLAF, NRESF, NSIF, NEMO and NDSF, the “Interval Funds”), and NexPoint Capital, Inc. (the “BDC”), a closed-end management investment company that has elected to be treated as a business development company under the 1940 Act.

 

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Share Ownership

The following table shows the dollar range of equity securities beneficially owned by the Trustees in all funds overseen by the Trustees in the Highland Funds Complex as of September 30, 2018.

 

Name of Trustee

   Dollar Range of
Equity Securities
Owned in
Fund
   Aggregate Dollar Range of
Equity Securities Owned in the
Highland Funds Complex1

Interested Trustees

     

Dustin Norris

   $0-$5,000    $100,001 - $500,000

Independent Trustees

     

Timothy K. Hui

   $100,001 - $500,000    $100,001 - $500,000

Dr. Bob Froehlich

   $50,001 - $100,000    $100,001 - $500,000

John Honis1

   None    None

Bryan A. Ward

   None    $100,001 - $500,000

Ethan Powell2

   $50,001 - $100,000    $100,001 - $500,000

 

1 

Effective May 1, 2015, Mr. Honis is treated as an Independent Trustee of the Highland Funds Complex.

2 

Prior to December 8, 2017, Mr. Powell was treated as an Interested Trustee of the Fund for all purposes other than compensation and the Fund’s code of ethics.

Trustee Positions

As of September 30, 2018, no Independent Trustee or any of his immediate family members owned beneficially or of record any class of securities of the Adviser or any person controlling, controlled by or under common control with any such entities.

Code of Ethics

The Fund and HCMFA have each adopted codes of ethics that essentially prohibit certain of their personnel, including the Fund’s portfolio managers, from engaging in personal investments that compete or interfere with, or attempt to take advantage of a client’s, including each Fund’s, anticipated or actual portfolio transactions, and are designed to assure that the interests of clients, including Fund shareholders, are placed before the interests of personnel in connection with personal investment transactions. Under each of the codes of ethics of the Fund and HCMFA, personal trading is permitted by such persons subject to certain restrictions; however, they are generally required to pre-clear most securities transactions with the appropriate compliance officer and to report all transactions on a regular basis.

Anti-Money Laundering Compliance

The Fund and its service providers may be required to comply with various anti-money laundering laws and regulations. Consequently, the Fund and its service providers may request additional information from you to verify your identity. If at any time the Fund believes a shareholder may be involved in suspicious activity or if certain account information matches information on government lists of suspicious persons, the Fund may choose not to establish a new account or may be required to “freeze” a shareholder’s account. The Fund and its service providers also may be required to provide a governmental agency with information about transactions that have occurred in a shareholder’s account or to transfer monies received to establish a new account, transfer an existing account or transfer the proceeds of an existing account to a governmental agency. In some circumstances, the Fund or its service providers may not be permitted to inform the shareholder that it has taken the actions described above.

Investment Adviser

Highland Capital Management Fund Advisors, L.P. serves as the Fund’s investment adviser pursuant to an Amended and Restated Investment Advisory Agreement with each respective Fund (each, an “Investment Advisory Agreement”). HCMFA is controlled by James Dondero and Mark Okada, by virtue of their respective share ownership, and its general partner, Strand Advisors XVI, Inc., of which Mr. Dondero is the sole stockholder.

Investment Advisory Agreements

Under each Investment Advisory Agreement, HCMFA, among other things: (i) continuously furnishes an investment program for each Fund; (ii) places orders for the purchase and sale of securities for the accounts of each Fund; and (iii) votes, exercises consents and exercises all other rights pertaining to such securities on behalf of each Fund, or hires a sub-adviser to do so.

 

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HCMFA carries out its duties under the Investment Advisory Agreements at its own expense. The Fund pays its own ordinary operating and activity expenses, such as legal and auditing fees, investment advisory fees, administrative fees, custodial fees, transfer agency fees, the cost of communicating with shareholders and registration fees, as well as other operating expenses such as interest, taxes, brokerage, insurance, bonding, compensation of Independent Trustees of the Fund and extraordinary expenses.

The Investment Advisory Agreements provide that in the absence of willful misfeasance, bad faith or gross negligence in the performance (or reckless disregard) of its obligations or duties thereunder on the part of HCMFA, HCMFA shall not be subject to liability to the Fund for any error of judgment or mistake of law or for any loss suffered by the Fund in connection with the matters to which the Investment Advisory Agreement relates.

Additionally, each Investment Advisory Agreement remains in force for an initial two year period and from year to year thereafter, subject to annual approval by (a) the Board or (b) a vote of the majority of each Fund’s outstanding voting securities; provided that in either event continuance is also approved by a majority of the Independent Trustees who are not parties to the applicable Investment Advisory Agreement, by a vote cast in person at a meeting called for the purpose of voting such approval. The Investment Advisory Agreements may be terminated at any time, without payment of any penalty, by vote of the Board, or by a “vote of a majority of the outstanding voting securities” (as defined in the 1940 Act) of the Fund, or by the Adviser, in each case on not more than 60 days’ nor less than 30 days’ prior written notice to the other party. The Investment Advisory Agreements will automatically terminate in the event of an assignment, as defined by the 1940 Act and the rules thereunder, or upon the termination of the relevant Investment Advisory Agreement.

Investment Advisory Fees

The Fund pays HCMFA fees for advisory services provided under the Investment Advisory Agreement that are computed and accrued daily and paid monthly at the annual rate of 0.40% of the Fund’s average daily managed assets.

The following table provides total investment advisory fees paid by the Fund and, where applicable, total fees and expenses waived for the last three fiscal years.

 

Total Fees for

Fiscal Year

Ended 9/30/18

   Fees and Expenses
Waived for Fiscal
Year Ended 9/30/18
     Total Fees for
Fiscal Year Ended
9/30/17
     Fees and Expenses
Waived for Fiscal
Year Ended 9/30/17
     Total Fees for
Fiscal Year Ended
9/30/16
     Fees and Expenses
Waived for Fiscal
Year Ended 9/30/16
 

$2,303,471

   $ 0      $ 3,298,466      $ 0      $ 4,448,264      $ 660,281  

Portfolio Managers - Other Accounts Managed and Ownership of Securities

The following table identifies: (i) the portfolio managers identified in the Prospectus who are primarily responsible for the day-to-day management of the Fund, (ii) the number of registered investment companies managed by each portfolio manager on a day-to-day basis and the corresponding total assets managed in such investment companies, (iii) the number of other pooled investment vehicles managed by each portfolio manager on a day-to-day basis and the corresponding total assets managed in such pooled investment vehicles, (iv) the number of other accounts managed by each portfolio manager on a day-to-day basis and the corresponding total assets managed in such other accounts, and (v) for each of the foregoing categories, the number of accounts and total assets in the accounts whose fees are based on performance, if any.

As of March 31, 2019, the dollar range of the Fund’s securities beneficially owned by James Dondero, the portfolio manager, was more than $1,000,000. Mr. Dondero controls Highland Capital Management, L.P. (“HCM”). Through his control of HCM, Mr. Dondero may be viewed as having voting and dispositive power over all of the shares of the common stock of the Fund directly owned by HCM.

As of March 31, 2019, James Dondero managed the following client accounts other than the Predecessor Fund.

 

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Type of Accounts

   Total
# of
Accounts
Managed
   Total
Assets
(millions)
   # of Accounts
Managed
with
Performance-
Based
Advisory Fee
   Total Assets
with
Performance-
Based
Advisory Fee
(millions)

Registered Investment Companies:

   11    2,199.48    1    89.86

Other Pooled Investment Vehicles:

   2    773.10    2    773.10

Other Accounts:

           

 

1

Asset amounts include only the portion of each account’s total assets for which the identified portfolio manager is primarily responsible for the day-to-day management.

Conflicts of Interest—HCMFA

Because each portfolio manager may manage other accounts, including accounts that may pay higher fees, potential conflicts of interest exist, including potential conflicts between the investment strategy of the Fund and the investment strategy of the other accounts the portfolio manager may manage and potential conflicts in the allocation of investment opportunities between the Fund and the other accounts. HCMFA has policies and procedures in place that are reasonably designed to mitigate these conflicts of interest, which are described below.

HCMFA

The Adviser and/or its general partner, limited partners, officers, affiliates and employees provide investment advice to other parties and manage other accounts and private investment vehicles similar to the Fund. In connection with such other investment management activities, the Adviser and/or its general partner, limited partners, officers, affiliates and employees may decide to invest the funds of one or more other accounts or recommend the investment of funds by other parties, rather than the Fund’s monies, in a particular security or strategy. In addition, the Adviser and such other persons will determine the allocation of funds from the Fund and such other accounts to investment strategies and techniques on whatever basis they consider appropriate or desirable in their sole and absolute discretion.

The Adviser has built a professional working environment, a firm-wide compliance culture and compliance procedures and systems designed to protect against potential incentives that may favor one account over another. The Adviser has adopted policies and procedures that address the allocation of investment opportunities, execution of portfolio transactions, personal trading by employees and other potential conflicts of interest that are designed to ensure that all client accounts are treated equitably over time. Nevertheless, the Adviser furnishes advisory services to numerous clients in addition to the Fund, and the Adviser may, consistent with applicable law, make investment recommendations to other clients or accounts (including accounts that have performance or higher fees paid to the Adviser or in which portfolio managers have a personal interest in the receipt of such fees) that may be the same as or different from those made to the Fund. In addition, the Adviser, its affiliates and any of their partners, directors, officers, stockholders or employees may or may not have an interest in the securities whose purchase and sale the Adviser recommends to the Fund. Actions with respect to securities of the same kind may be the same as or different from the action that the Adviser, or any of its affiliates, or any of their partners, directors, officers, stockholders or employees or any member of their families may take with respect to the same securities. Moreover, the Adviser may refrain from rendering any advice or services concerning securities of companies of which any of the Adviser’s (or its affiliates’) partners, directors, officers or employees are directors or officers, or companies as to which the Adviser or any of its affiliates or partners, directors, officers and employees of any of them has any substantial economic interest or possesses material non-public information. In addition to its various policies and procedures designed to address these issues, the Adviser includes disclosure regarding these matters to its clients in both its Form ADV and investment advisory agreements.

The Adviser, its affiliates or their partners, directors, officers or employees similarly serve or may serve other entities that operate in the same or related lines of business, including accounts managed by an investment adviser affiliated with the Adviser. Accordingly, these individuals may have obligations to investors in those entities or funds or to other clients, the fulfillment of which might not be in the best interests of the Fund. As a result, the Adviser will face conflicts in the allocation of investment opportunities to the Fund and other funds and clients. In order to enable such affiliates to fulfill their fiduciary duties to each of the clients for which they have responsibility, the Adviser will endeavor to allocate investment opportunities in a fair and equitable manner, pursuant to policies and procedures adopted by the Adviser and its advisory affiliates that are designed to manage potential conflicts of interest, which may, subject to applicable regulatory constraints, involve pro rata co-investment by the funds and such other clients or may involve a rotation of opportunities among the funds and such other clients. The Fund will only make investments in which the Adviser

 

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or an affiliate hold an interest to the extent permitted under the 1940 Act and SEC staff interpretations or pursuant to the terms and conditions of the exemptive order received by the Adviser and certain funds affiliated with the Fund, dated April 19, 2016. For example, exemptive relief is not required for the Fund to invest in syndicated deals and secondary loan market transactions in which the Adviser or an affiliate has an interest where price is the only negotiated point. The order applies to all “Investment Companies,” which includes future closed-end investment companies registered under the 1940 Act that are managed by the Adviser, which includes the Fund. The Fund, therefore, may in the future invest in accordance with the terms and conditions of the exemptive order. The terms and conditions of the order include, among other things: (i) that the Adviser will make an independent determination regarding the appropriateness of the investment in light of the Fund’s then-current circumstances; (ii) that the Adviser will determine the appropriate level of investment for the Fund; (iii) if the aggregate amount, including the amount proposed to be invested by other participants, exceeds the amount of the investment opportunity, the investment opportunity will be allocated among the Fund and the other participants pro rata; (iv) reporting to and approval by the Fund’s Board; and (iv) that the Fund has the right to decline participation in co-investment opportunities. To mitigate any actual or perceived conflicts of interest, allocation of limited offering securities (such as IPOs and registered secondary offerings) to principal accounts that do not include third party investors may only be made after all other client account orders for the security have been filled. However, there can be no assurance that such policies and procedures will in every case ensure fair and equitable allocations of investment opportunities, particularly when considered in hindsight.

Conflicts may arise in cases when clients and/or the Adviser and other affiliated entities invest in different parts of an issuer’s capital structure, including circumstances in which one or more clients own private securities or obligations of an issuer and other clients may own public securities of the same issuer. In addition, one or more clients may invest in securities, or other financial instruments, of an issuer that are senior or junior to securities, or financial instruments, of the same issuer that are held by or acquired for, one or more other clients. For example, if such issuer encounters financial problems, decisions related to such securities (such as over the terms of any workout or proposed waivers and amendments to debt covenants) may raise conflicts of interests. In such a distressed situation, a client holding debt securities of the issuer may be better served by a liquidation of the issuer in which it may be paid in full, whereas a client holding equity securities of the issuer might prefer a reorganization that holds the potential to create value for the equity holders. In the event of conflicting interests within an issuer‘s capital structure, Highland generally will pursue the strategy that Highland believes best reflects what would be expected to be negotiated in an arm’s length transaction, but in all instances with due consideration being given to Highland’s fiduciary duties to each of its accounts (without regard to the nature of the accounts involved or fees received from such accounts). This strategy may be recommended by one or more Highland investment professionals. A single person may represent more than one part of an issuer’s capital structure. The recommended course of action will be presented to the conflicts committee for final determination as to how to proceed. Highland may elect, but is not required, to assign different teams to make recommendations for different parts of the capital structure as the conflicts committee determines in its discretion. In the event any Highland personnel serve on the board of the subject company, they generally recuse themselves from voting on any board matter with respect to a transaction that has an asymmetrical impact on the capital structure. Highland personnel board members may still make recommendations to the conflicts committee. If any such persons are also on the conflicts committee, they may recuse themselves from the committee’s determination. A portfolio manager with respect to any applicable Highland registered investment company clients (“Retail Accounts”) participates in such discussions, but makes an independent determination as to which course of action he or she determines is in the best interest of the applicable Retail Accounts. Highland may use external counsel for guidance and assistance.

The Adviser and its affiliates have both subjective and objective procedures and policies in place designed to manage potential conflicts of interest involving clients so that, for example, investment opportunities are allocated in a fair and equitable manner among the Fund and such other clients. An investment opportunity that is suitable for multiple clients of the Adviser and its affiliates may not be capable of being shared among some or all of such clients due to the limited scale of the opportunity or other factors, including regulatory restrictions imposed by the 1940 Act. There can be no assurance that the Adviser’s or its affiliates’ efforts to allocate any particular investment opportunity fairly among all clients for whom such opportunity is appropriate will result in an allocation of all or part of such opportunity to the Fund. Not all conflicts of interest can be expected to be resolved in favor of the Fund.

Another type of conflict may arise if one client account buys a security and another client account sells or shorts the same security. Currently, such opposing positions are generally not permitted within the same account without prior trade approval by the Adviser’s Chief Compliance Officer. However, a portfolio manager may enter into opposing positions for different clients to the extent each such client has a different investment objective and each such position is consistent with the investment objective of the applicable client. In addition, transactions in investments by one or more affiliated client accounts may have the effect of diluting or otherwise disadvantaging the values, prices or investment strategies of other client accounts. Because certain client accounts may have investment objectives, strategies or legal, contractual, tax or other requirements that differ (such as the need to take tax losses, realize profits, raise cash, diversification, etc.), an affiliated advisor may purchase, sell or continue to hold securities for certain client accounts contrary to other recommendations. In addition, an affiliated advisor may be permitted to sell securities or instruments short for certain client accounts and may not be permitted to do so for other affiliated client accounts.

 

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As a result of the Fund’s arrangements with Highland, there may be times when Highland, the Adviser or their affiliates have interests that differ from those of the Fund’s shareholders, giving rise to a conflict of interest. The Fund’s officers serve or may serve as officers, directors or principals of entities that operate in the same or a related line of business as the Fund does, or of investment funds managed by the Adviser or its affiliates. Similarly, the Adviser or its affiliates may have other clients with similar, different or competing investment objectives. In serving in these multiple capacities, they may have obligations to other clients or investors in those entities, the fulfillment of which may not be in the best interests of the Fund or its shareholders. For example, the Fund’s officers have, and will continue to have, management responsibilities for other investment funds, accounts or other investment vehicles managed or sponsored by the Adviser and its affiliates. The Fund’s investment objective may overlap, in part or in whole, with the investment objective of such affiliated investment funds, accounts or other investment vehicles. The Adviser will seek to allocate investment opportunities among eligible accounts in a manner that is fair and equitable over time and consistent with its allocation policy. However, the Fund can offer no assurance that such opportunities will be allocated to it fairly or equitably in the short-term or over time.

The Adviser may direct the Fund to acquire or dispose of investments in cross trades between the Fund and other clients of the Adviser or its affiliates in accordance with applicable legal and regulatory requirements. In addition, to the extent permitted by the 1940 Act and SEC staff interpretations, the Fund may make and/or hold an investment, including an investment in securities, in which the Adviser and/or its affiliates have a debt, equity or participation interest, and the holding and sale of such investments by the Fund may enhance the profitability of the Adviser’s own investments in such companies.

Portfolio Managers - Compensation

HCMFA is owned by Highland Capital Management Services, Inc., a Delaware corporation (“HCM Services”) and its general partner, Strand Advisors XVI, Inc., of which Mr. James Dondero, the Fund’s portfolio manager, is the sole stockholder. HCM Services is controlled by Mr. Dondero and Mr. Mark Okada by virtue of their respective share ownership. Mr. Dondero does not receive compensation based upon investment performance of the Fund for which he serves as portfolio manager and instead shares in the profits of HCMFA.

Proxy Voting Policies and Procedures

The Board has delegated the responsibility for voting proxies in respect of the Fund’s portfolio holdings to the Adviser, to vote the Fund’s proxies in accordance with the Adviser’s Proxy Voting Policy. The Board has approved the Proxy Voting Policy. Pursuant to the Proxy Voting Policy, the Adviser will vote proxies related to Fund securities in the best interests of the Fund and its shareholders.

The HCMFA proxy voting policy is attached as Appendix B.

The Fund’s proxy voting record for the most recent 12-month period ended June 30 will be available (i) without charge, upon request, by calling 1-866-745-0264 and (ii) on the SEC’s website (www.sec.gov) Information as of June 30 each year will generally be available on or about the following August 31.

ADMINISTRATOR

The Fund has entered into a Master Administration Agreement with SEI Investments Global Funds Services (“SEI”) and pays SEI a fee for administration services. HCMFA generally assists in all aspects of their administration and operations and furnishes offices, necessary facilities, equipment and personnel.

The administration fees paid to SEI by the Fund are paid as part of a combined fee covering administrative, custody and accounting services.

Prior to the hiring of SEI on July 23, 2018, the Predecessor Fund employed State Street Bank and Trust Company (“State Street”) as Administrator. The table below sets forth the Predecessor Fund’s combined administration, fund accounting and custody service fees, as well as any fee waiver or reimbursement, paid to State Street for the past three fiscal years.

 

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     Fiscal Year Ended
September 30, 2018
     Fiscal Year Ended
September 30, 2017
     Fiscal Year Ended
September 30, 2016
 

Gross Administration Fee

   $ 243,654      $ 329,014      $ 428,310  

Fee Waiver/Reimbursement

   $ 0      $ 0      $ 0  

Net Administration Fee

   $ 243,654      $ 329,014      $ 428,310  

CUSTODIAN

Bank of New York Mellon State (“BNY Mellon”), located at 240 Greenwich Street, New York, New York 10286, is the custodian for the Fund. BNY Mellon is responsible for holding all securities, other investments and cash, receiving and paying for securities purchased, delivering against payment securities sold, receiving and collecting income from investments, making all payments covering expenses and performing other administrative duties, all as directed by authorized persons. BNY Mellon does not exercise any supervisory function in such matters as purchase and sale of portfolio securities, payment of dividends or payment of expenses.

TRANSFER AGENT AND DIVIDEND PAYING AGENT

American Stock Transfer & Trust Company, LLC (“AST”), located at 6201 15th Avenue, Brooklyn, New York 11219, serves as the transfer agent of the Fund’s investments and dividend paying agent. For its services, AST receives monthly fees charged to the Fund, plus certain charges for securities transactions.

INDEPENDENT REGISTERED PUBLIC ACCOUNTING FIRM

As of November 6, 2018, PricewaterhouseCoopers LLP (“PwC”), an independent registered public accounting firm located at 2121 N. Pearl Street, Suite 2000, Dallas, TX 75201, serves as the independent registered public accounting firm for the Fund. The independent registered public accounting firm audits and reports on the annual financial statements, and performs other professional audit related and tax services when approved to do so by the Audit Committee. Certain information for the years ended September 30, 2017, 2016, 2015, and 2014 has been audited and reported on by another independent registered public accounting firm.

COUNSEL

K&L Gates LLP serves as counsel for the Fund.

CERTAIN AFFILIATIONS

The Fund and HCMFA are currently affiliated with NexBank Securities, Inc. (“NexBank”), a FINRA member broker-dealer that is indirectly controlled by the principals of HCMFA. Absent an exemption from the SEC or other regulatory relief, the Fund is generally precluded from effecting certain principal transactions with affiliated brokers. The Fund may utilize affiliated brokers for agency transactions, subject to compliance with policies and procedures adopted pursuant to the 1940 Act and the rules promulgated thereunder. These policies and procedures are designed to provide that commissions, fees or other remuneration received by any affiliated broker or its affiliates for agency transactions are reasonable and fair compared to the remuneration received by other brokers in comparable transactions.

The Fund did not pay any brokerage commissions on transactions with NexBank for the fiscal years ended September 30, 2018, 2017 or 2016.

In addition, the Fund and HCMFA, as outlined above, are affiliated with NexBank, which also does business as Barrier Advisors, NexBank SSB, a state chartered bank, NexVantage Title Services, a title insurance company affiliated with NexBank SSB, and Governance Re Ltd. (“Governance Re”), an insurance company, both of which are indirectly controlled by the principals of HCMFA. NexBank and Governance Re may offer certain services to portfolio companies whose securities, including loans, are owned by one or more registered investment companies advised by HCMFA (the “Portfolio Companies”). For example, NexBank SSB may provide agent services for Portfolio Companies under credit agreements pursuant to which the Fund may be a lender or may offer strategic, financial and operational advisory services to Portfolio Companies; and Governance Re may offer insurance services to the Portfolio Companies. NexBank, NexVantage Title Services, Governance Re and other affiliated service providers may receive fees from Portfolio Companies or other parties for services provided.

 

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The Fund’s Board will, in accordance with specific procedures and policies adopted by the Board, review any investment or operational decisions that are brought to the attention of the Board and that may present potential conflicts of interest between HCMFA and the Fund.

DIVIDENDS AND DISTRIBUTIONS

Net investment income (that is, income other than net realized long- and short-term capital gains) and net realized long- and short-term capital gains are determined separately for the Fund. Dividends of the Fund that are derived from net investment income and distributions of net realized long- and short-term capital gains paid by the Fund to a shareholder will be automatically reinvested in additional shares of the same Class of the Fund and deposited in the shareholder’s account, unless the shareholder instructs the Fund, in writing or by telephone, to pay all dividends and distributions in cash. Shareholders may contact the Fund for details concerning this election. However, if it is determined that the U.S. Postal Service cannot properly deliver Fund mailings to a shareholder, the Fund may terminate the shareholder’s election to receive dividends and other distributions in cash. Thereafter, the shareholder’s subsequent dividends and other distributions will be automatically reinvested in additional shares of the Fund until the shareholder notifies the Fund in writing of his or her correct address and requests in writing that the election to receive dividends and other distributions in cash be reinstated. No interest will accrue on amounts represented by uncashed dividend, distribution or redemption checks.

Dividends attributable to the net investment income of the Fund generally are declared annually and paid monthly. Distributions of any net realized long-term and short-term capital gains earned by the Fund generally are declared and paid annually.

The Fund is subject to a 4% non-deductible excise tax on net investment income and net capital gains that are not distributed on a calendar-year basis (as described in more detail below). If necessary to avoid the imposition of this tax or Fund-level U.S. federal income taxes, and if in the best interests of the Fund’s shareholders, the Fund will declare and pay dividends of the Fund’s net investment income or distributions of the Fund’s net capital gains more frequently than stated above. See “Income Tax Considerations” below.

INCOME TAX CONSIDERATIONS

The following discussion of U.S. federal income tax consequences of investment in common and preferred shares of the Fund is based on the Code, U.S. Treasury regulations promulgated thereunder, and other applicable authority, as of the date of this SAI. These authorities may be changed, possibly with retroactive effect, or become subject to change by legislative, administrative, or judicial action, possibly with retroactive effect. The following discussion is only a summary of some of the important U.S. federal tax considerations generally applicable to investments in the Fund and does not constitute tax advice. This summary does not purport to be a complete description of the U.S. federal income tax considerations applicable to an investment in preferred shares of the Trust. There may be other U.S. federal income tax consequences applicable to particular preferred shareholders. For example, except as otherwise specifically noted herein, we have not described certain tax considerations that may be relevant to certain types of holders subject to special treatment under the U.S. federal income tax laws, including shareholders subject to the U.S. federal alternative minimum tax, insurance companies, tax-exempt organizations, pension plans and trusts, RICs, dealers in securities, shareholders holding Fund shares through tax-advantaged accounts (such as 401(k) plans or individual retirement accounts), financial institutions, shareholders holding Fund shares as part of a hedge, straddle, or conversion transaction, entities that are not organized under the laws of the United States or a political subdivision thereof, and persons who are neither citizens nor residents of the United States. This summary assumes that investors hold Fund preferred shares as capital assets (within the meaning of the Code). There may be other tax considerations applicable to particular shareholders. Shareholders should consult their own tax advisers regarding their particular situation and the possible application of U.S. federal, state, local, foreign and other tax laws.

This summary does not discuss the tax consequences of an investment in subscription rights of the Trust, separately, or as part of a unit consisting of two or more securities. See “Description of Capital Structure—Subscription Rights” in the Prospectus for a discussion of the material U.S. federal income tax consequences of the Trust’s issuance of subscription rights to preferred shareholders.

 

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Taxation of the Fund

The Fund has elected to be treated as a regulated investment company (“RIC”) under Subchapter M of the Code and intends each year to qualify and to be eligible to be treated as such. In order to qualify for the special tax treatment accorded RICs and their shareholders, the Fund must, among other things:

(a) derive at least 90% of its gross income for each taxable year from (i) dividends, interest (including tax-exempt interest), payments with respect to certain securities loans, and gains from the sale or other disposition of stock, securities or foreign currencies, or other income (including but not limited to gains from options, futures and forward contracts) derived with respect to its business of investing in such stock, securities or foreign currencies, and (ii) net income derived from interests in “qualified publicly traded partnerships” (as described below);

(b) diversify its holdings so that, at the end of each quarter of the Fund’s taxable year, (i) at least 50% of the market value of the Fund’s total assets consists of cash and cash items, U.S. government securities, securities of other RICs, and other securities limited in respect of any one issuer to an amount not greater than 5% of the value of the Fund’s total assets and not more than 10% of the outstanding voting securities of such issuer, and (ii) not more than 25% of the value of the Fund’s total assets is invested, including through corporations in which the Fund owns a 20% or more voting stock interest, (x) in the securities (other than U.S. government securities and the securities of other RICs) of any one issuer or of two or more issuers that the Fund controls, as determined under applicable Code rules, and that are determined to be engaged in the same business or similar or related trades or businesses, or (y) in the securities of one or more qualified publicly traded partnerships (as described below); and

(c) distribute to its shareholders with respect to each taxable year at least the sum of 90% of its investment company taxable income (as that term is defined in the Code without regard to the deduction for dividends paid—generally taxable ordinary income and the excess, if any, of net short-term capital gains over net long-term capital losses) and 90% of any net tax-exempt interest income (the excess of its gross tax-exempt interest over certain disallowed deductions), for such year.

In general, for purposes of the 90% gross income requirement described in (a) above, income derived from a partnership will be treated as qualifying income only to the extent such income is attributable to items of income of the partnership which would be qualifying income if realized directly by the RIC. However, 100% of the net income derived from an interest in a “qualified publicly traded partnership” (generally, a partnership (x) the interests in which are traded on an established securities market or are readily tradable on a secondary market or the substantial equivalent thereof, and (y) that satisfies certain qualifying income requirements but derives less than 90% of its income from the qualifying income described in paragraph (a)(i) above) will be treated as qualifying income. In general, such entities will be treated as partnerships for U.S. federal income tax purposes because they meet the passive income requirement under Section 7704(c)(2) ) of the Code.. In addition, although in general the passive loss rules of the Code do not apply to RICs, such rules do apply to a RIC with respect to items attributable to an interest in a qualified publicly traded partnership. Certain ETFs and certain master limited partnerships (“MLPs”) in which the Fund may invest may qualify as qualified publicly traded partnerships.

For purposes of meeting the diversification requirement described in (b) above, the term “outstanding voting securities of such issuer” will include the equity securities of a qualified publicly traded partnership. Also, for purposes of the diversification requirement described in (b) above, the identification of the issuer (or, in some cases, issuers) of a particular Fund investment can depend on the terms and conditions of that investment. In some cases, identification of the issuer (or issuers) is uncertain under current law, and an adverse determination or future guidance by the IRS with respect to issuer identification for a particular type of investment may adversely affect the Fund’s ability to meet the diversification test in (b) above.

If the Fund qualifies as a RIC (i.e., satisfies the source of income and diversification requirements described in (a) and (b) above) and satisfies the annual distribution requirement described in (c) above, the Fund will not be subject to U.S. federal income tax on income or gains distributed in a timely manner to its shareholders in the form of dividends (including Capital Gain Dividends, as defined below).

If, for any taxable year, the Fund were to fail to meet the income, diversification or distribution test (described respectively in (a), (b) and (c) above), the Fund could in some cases cure such failure, including by paying the Fund-level tax, paying interest, making additional distributions or disposing of certain assets. If the Fund were ineligible to or otherwise did not cure such failure for any taxable year, or if the Fund were otherwise to fail to qualify as a RIC accorded special tax treatment for such year, the Fund would be subject to tax on its taxable income at corporate rates, and all distributions from earnings and profits, including any distributions of net long-term capital gains, would be taxable to shareholders as ordinary income. Some portions of such distributions might be eligible for the dividends received deduction in the case of corporate shareholders and might be eligible to be treated as “qualified dividend income” and thus taxable at the lower net capital gain rate in the case of shareholders taxed as individuals, provided in both cases, the shareholder meets certain holding period and other requirements in respect of the Fund’s shares (as described below). In addition, the Fund could be required to recognize unrealized gains, pay substantial taxes and interest and make substantial distributions before requalifying as a RIC that is accorded special tax treatment.

 

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The Fund intends to distribute at least annually to its shareholders all or substantially all of its investment company taxable income (computed without regard to the dividends-paid deduction) and its net capital gain (that is, the excess of net long-term capital gain over net short-term capital loss, in each case determined with reference to any loss carryforwards). Any investment company taxable income retained by the Fund will be subject to Fund-level tax at regular corporate rates. The Fund may also retain for investment its net capital gain. If the Fund retains any net capital gain, it will be subject to Fund-level tax at regular corporate rates on the amount retained, but may designate the retained amount as undistributed capital gain in a timely notice to its shareholders who would then, in turn, be (i) required to include in income for U.S. federal income tax purposes, as long-term capital gain, their shares of such undistributed amount, and (ii) entitled to credit their proportionate shares of the tax paid by the Fund on such undistributed amount against their U.S. federal income tax liabilities, if any, and to claim refunds on a properly-filed U.S. tax return to the extent the credit exceeds such liabilities. If the Fund makes this designation, for U.S. federal income tax purposes, the tax basis of shares owned by a shareholder of the Fund would be increased by an amount equal under current law to the difference between the amount of undistributed capital gains included in the shareholder’s gross income under clause (i) of the preceding sentence and the tax deemed paid by the shareholder under clause (ii) of the preceding sentence. The Fund is not required to, and there can be no assurance the Fund will, make this designation if it retains all or a portion of its net capital gain in a taxable year.

In determining its net capital gain, including in connection with determining the amount available to support a Capital Gain Dividend (as defined below), its taxable income and its earnings and profits, the Fund generally may elect to treat part or all of any post-October capital loss (defined as any net capital loss attributable to the portion of the taxable year after October 31, or, if there is no such loss, the net long-term capital loss or net short-term capital loss attributable to any such portion of the taxable year) or late-year ordinary loss (generally, the sum of (i) its net ordinary loss, if any, from the sale, exchange or other taxable disposition of property, attributable to the portion of the taxable year after October 31, and (ii) its other net ordinary loss, if any, attributable to the portion, if any, of the taxable year after December 31) as if incurred in the succeeding taxable year.

If the Fund were to fail to distribute in a calendar year at least an amount equal to the sum of 98% of its ordinary income for such year and 98.2% of its capital gain net income (adjusted for certain ordinary losses) for the one-year period ending October 31 of such year (unless an election is made to use the Trust’s taxable year), plus any such amounts retained from the prior year, the Fund would be subject to a nondeductible 4% excise tax on the undistributed amounts. For purposes of the required excise tax distribution, the Fund’s ordinary gains and losses from the sale, exchange or other taxable disposition of property that would otherwise be taken into account after October 31 of a calendar year (unless an election is made to use the Fund’s taxable year), generally are treated as arising on January 1 of the following calendar year. Also for these purposes, the Fund will be treated as having distributed any amount on which it has been subject to corporate income tax in the taxable year ending with the calendar year.. The Fund reserves the right to pay the excise tax when circumstances warrant.

Capital losses in excess of capital gains (“net capital losses”) are not permitted to be deducted against the Fund’s net investment income. Instead, potentially subject to certain limitations as described below, the Fund may carry net capital losses forward to subsequent taxable years to offset capital gains, if any, realized during such subsequent taxable year. Capital loss carryforwards are reduced to the extent they offset current-year net realized capital gains, whether the Fund retains or distributes such gains.

If the Fund incurs or has incurred net capital losses in taxable years beginning after December 22, 2010 (“post-2010 losses”), those losses will be carried forward to one or more subsequent taxable years without expiration to offset capital gains realized during such subsequent taxable years; any such carryforward losses will retain their character as short-term or long-term. If the Fund incurred net capital losses from any taxable year in a taxable year beginning on or before December 22, 2010 (“pre-2011 losses”), the Fund is permitted to carry such losses forward for eight taxable years; in the year to which they are carried forward, such losses are treated as short-term capital losses that first offset any short-term capital gains, and then offset any long-term capital gains. The Fund must use any post-2010 losses, which will not expire, before it uses any pre-2011 losses. This increases the likelihood that pre-2011 losses will expire unused at the conclusion of the eight-year carryforward period. The Fund’s ability to use net capital losses to offset gains may be limited as a result of certain (i) acquisitive reorganizations and (ii) shifts in the ownership of the Fund by a shareholder owning or treated as owning 5% or more of the stock of the Fund. The Fund’s available capital loss carryforwards will be set forth in its annual shareholder report for each fiscal year.

 

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Fund Distributions

Distributions are taxable to shareholders even if they are paid from income or gains earned by the Fund before a shareholder invested in the Fund (and thus were included in the price the shareholder paid for its shares). Distributions are taxable whether shareholders receive them in cash or reinvest them in additional shares through the Trust’s Dividend Reinvestment Plan. A shareholder whose distributions are reinvested in shares through the Trust’s Dividend Reinvestment Plan will be treated as having received a dividend equal to, generally, the fair market value of new preferred shares issued to the shareholder. See “Dividend Reinvestment Plan” in the Fund’s Prospectus for more information.

Dividends and other distributions paid by the Fund are generally treated under the Code as received by shareholders at the time the dividend or distribution is made. However, a dividend paid to shareholders in January of a year generally is deemed to have been paid by the Fund on December 31 of the preceding year, if the dividend was declared and payable to shareholders of record on a date in October, November or December of that preceding year.

Your broker or other intermediary will send you information after the end of each calendar year setting forth the amount and tax status of any dividends or other distributions paid to you by the Fund. Fund distributions may also be subject to state, local or other taxes.

For U.S. federal income tax purposes, distributions of investment income are generally taxable as ordinary income. Taxes on distributions of capital gains are determined by how long the Fund owned the investments that generated them, rather than how long a shareholder has owned (or is deemed to have owned) his or her shares. In general, the Fund will recognize long-term capital gain or loss on investments it has owned (or is deemed to have owned) for more than one year, and short-term capital gain or loss on investments it has owned (or is deemed to have owned) for one year or less. Distributions of net capital gain that are properly reported by the Fund as capital gain dividends (“Capital Gain Dividends”) will generally be taxable to shareholders as long-term capital gains. . Distributions from capital gains are generally made after applying any available capital loss carryovers. Distributions of net short-term capital gain (that is, the excess of net short-term capital gain over net long-term capital loss for the taxable year, in each case determined with reference to loss carryforwards) will generally be taxable to shareholders receiving such distributions as ordinary income. Distributions of investment income reported by the Fund as derived from “qualified dividend income” will be taxed in the hands of individuals at the rates applicable to long-term capital gain, provided holding period and other requirements are met at both the shareholder and Fund level. The Fund does not expect a significant portion of Fund distributions to be derived from qualified dividend income.

In order for some portion of the dividends received by the Fund shareholder to be “qualified dividend income,” the Fund must meet holding period and other requirements with respect to some portion of the dividend-paying stocks in its portfolio and the shareholder must meet holding period and other requirements with respect to that Fund’s shares. In general, a dividend will not be treated as qualified dividend income (at either the Fund or shareholder level) (1) if the dividend is received with respect to any share of stock held for fewer than 61 days during the 121-day period beginning on the date which is 60 days before the date on which such share becomes ex-dividend with respect to such dividend (or, in the case of certain preferred stock, 91 days during the 181-day period beginning 90 days before such date), (2) to the extent that the recipient is under an obligation (whether pursuant to a short sale or otherwise) to make related payments with respect to positions in substantially similar or related property, (3) if the recipient elects to have the dividend income treated as investment income for purposes of the limitation on deductibility of investment interest, or (4) if the dividend is received from a foreign corporation that is (a) not eligible for the benefits of a comprehensive income tax treaty with the United States (with the exception of dividends paid on stock of such a foreign corporation readily tradable on an established securities market in the United States) or (b) treated as a passive foreign investment company.

In general, distributions of investment income reported by the Fund as derived from qualified dividend income will be treated as qualified dividend income by a shareholder taxed at individual rates, provided the shareholder meets the holding period and other requirements described above with respect to that Fund’s shares.

In general, dividends of net investment income received by corporate shareholders of the Fund generally will qualify for the 70% dividends-received deduction generally available to corporations to the extent of the amount of eligible dividends received by that Fund from domestic corporations for the taxable year. A dividend received by the Fund will not be treated as a qualifying dividend (1) if it has been received with respect to any share of stock that the Fund has held for less than 46 days (91 days in the case of certain preferred stock) during the 91-day period beginning on the date which is 45 days before the date on which such share becomes ex-dividend with respect to such dividend (during the 181-day period beginning 90 days before such date in the case of certain preferred stock) or (2) to the extent that the Fund is under an obligation (pursuant to a short sale or otherwise) to make related payments with respect to positions in substantially similar or related property. Moreover, the dividends-received deduction may otherwise be disallowed or reduced (1) if the corporate shareholder fails to satisfy the foregoing requirements with respect to its shares of that Fund or (2) by application of various provisions of the Code (for instance, the dividends-received deduction is reduced in the case of a dividend received on debt-financed portfolio stock (generally, stock acquired with borrowed funds)). The Fund does not expect a significant portion of Fund distributions to be eligible for this corporate dividends-received deduction.

 

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Any distribution of income that is attributable to (i) income received by the Fund in lieu of dividends with respect to securities on loan pursuant to a securities lending transaction or (ii) dividend income received by the Fund on securities it temporarily purchased from a counterparty pursuant to a repurchase agreement that is treated for U.S. federal income tax purposes as a loan by the Fund, will not constitute qualified dividend income to individual shareholders and will not be eligible for the dividends-received deduction for corporate shareholders.

Effective for taxable years beginning after December 31, 2017 and before January 1, 2026, the Code generally allows individuals and certain non-corporate entities a deduction for 20% of qualified REIT dividends. Recently issued proposed regulations allow a RIC to pass the character of its qualified REIT dividends through to its shareholders provided certain holding period requirements are met. As a result, individuals or other shareholders will eligible for the deduction with respect to qualified REIT dividends, provided that the eligible shareholders have held their Fund shares for at least 46 days during the 91-day period beginning on the date that is 45 days before the date on which the shares become ex-dividend with respect to such Fund dividend. The Treasury Department has announced that it is considering proposing regulation that would provide a similar pass-through of the deduction available to non-corporate shareholders in MLPs.

Section 1411 of the Code generally imposes a 3.8% Medicare contribution tax on the net investment income of certain individuals, trusts and estates to the extent their income exceeds certain threshold amounts. For these purposes, “net investment income” generally includes, among other things, (i) distributions paid by the Fund of net investment income and capital gains as described above, and (ii) any net gain from the sale or exchange of Fund shares. Shareholders are advised to consult their tax advisors regarding the possible implications of this additional tax on their investment in the Fund.

Return of Capital Distributions

If the Fund makes a distribution with respect to any taxable year to a shareholder in excess of that Fund’s current and accumulated earnings and profits, the excess distribution will be treated as a return of capital to the extent of such shareholder’s tax basis in its shares, and thereafter as capital gain. A return of capital is not taxable, but it reduces a shareholder’s tax basis in its shares, thus reducing any loss or increasing any gain on a subsequent taxable disposition by the shareholder of its shares.

Dividends and distributions on the Fund’s shares are generally subject to U.S. federal income tax as described herein to the extent they do not exceed that Fund’s realized income and gains, even though such dividends and distributions may economically represent a return of a particular shareholder’s investment. Such distributions are likely to occur in respect of shares purchased at a time when the Fund’s net asset value reflects either unrealized gains or realized but undistributed income or gains that were therefore included in the price that the shareholder paid. Such distributions may reduce the net asset value of the Fund’s shares below the shareholder’s cost basis in those shares. As described above, the Fund is required to distribute realized income and gains regardless of whether the Fund’s net asset value also reflects unrealized losses.

Tax Implications of Certain Fund Investments

To the extent the Fund invests in commodity-related ETFs, certain of these ETFs may qualify as qualified publicly traded partnerships. The RIC diversification requirement described above will limit the Fund’s investments in one or more vehicles that are qualified publicly traded partnerships to 25% of the Fund’s total assets as of the close of each quarter of the Fund’s taxable year. In addition, the net income derived from such investments will constitute qualifying income for purposes of the 90% gross income requirement described earlier for RIC qualification. If, however, such a vehicle were to fail to qualify as a qualified publicly traded partnership in a particular year, a portion of the gross income derived from it in such year could constitute non-qualifying income to the Fund for purposes of the 90% gross income requirement and thus could bear on the Fund’s ability to qualify as a RIC for a particular year. Further, if such an ETF ceased to qualify for treatment as a partnership for U.S. federal income tax purposes, it instead would be treated as a corporation for such purposes. In that case, the ETF would be obligated to pay income tax at the entity level, thereby reducing the value of the Fund’s investment in that ETF.

Certain other commodity-related ETFs that are treated as regular (i.e., non-QPTP) partnerships, trusts or other pass-through vehicles for tax purposes could give rise to income that is not qualifying income for purposes of the 90% gross income requirement described above. If the income from such ETFs together with any other non-qualifying income earned by the Fund caused the Fund’s nonqualifying income to exceed 10% of its gross income in any taxable year, the Fund would fail to qualify as a RIC unless it were eligible to and did pay a tax at the Fund level.

MLPs in which the Fund may invest may qualify as qualified publicly traded partnerships, subject to the special RIC-related rules described in the two immediately preceding paragraphs, or, instead, may be treated as “regular” partnerships. To the extent an MLP is a regular (non-QPTP) partnership, the MLP’s income and gains allocated to the Fund will constitute qualifying income to the Fund for purposes of the 90% gross income requirement only to the extent such items of income and gain would be qualifying income if earned directly by the Fund. If all or a portion of any income and gains from the Fund’s investment in an MLP that is a regular (non-QPTP) partnership were to constitute non-qualifying income to the Fund for purposes of the 90% gross income requirement, the Fund’s investment in such an entity could bear on or be limited by the Fund’s intention to satisfy the RIC 90% gross income requirement.

 

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The Fund’s investments in futures, options and other derivatives, as well as any hedging, straddle, securities loan and short sale transactions, generally are subject to one or more special tax rules (including, for instance, notional principal contract, mark-to-market, constructive sale, straddle, wash sale and short sale rules). These rules may affect whether gains and losses recognized by the Fund are treated as ordinary or capital and/or as short-term or long-term, accelerate the recognition of income or gains to the Fund, defer losses to the Fund, and cause adjustments in the holding periods of the Fund’s securities. These rules could therefore affect the amount, timing and/or character of distributions to shareholders.

In addition, the tax rules applicable to certain derivative instruments, as well as certain ETNs, in which the Fund may invest are uncertain under current law, including under the provisions applicable to RICs under Subchapter M of the Code. For instance, the timing and character of income or gains arising from ETNs can be uncertain. Accordingly, while the Fund intends to account for such transactions in a manner it deems to be appropriate, an adverse determination or future guidance by the IRS with respect to one or more of these rules (which determination or guidance could be retroactive) may adversely affect the Fund’s ability to meet one or more of the requirements to maintain its qualification as a RIC, as well as to avoid Fund-level taxes.

The Fund’s use of certain derivatives, including but not limited to commodity-linked derivatives and other similar instruments and investments in physical commodities can bear on or be limited by the Fund’s intention to qualify as a RIC. Income and gains from physical commodities and certain commodity-linked instruments generally do not constitute qualifying income to a RIC for purposes of the 90% gross income test described above. The tax treatment of certain other commodity-linked derivative or other instruments in which the Fund might invest is not certain, in particular with respect to whether income or gains from such instruments constitute qualifying income to a RIC. If the Fund were to treat income or gain from a particular instrument as qualifying income and the income or gain were later determined not to constitute qualifying income and, together with any other nonqualifying income, caused the Fund’s nonqualifying income to exceed 10% of its gross income in any taxable year, the Fund would fail to qualify as a RIC unless it is eligible to and does pay a tax at the Fund level.

In addition, certain derivatives transactions and investments in foreign currency-denominated debt instruments, as well as any transactions in foreign currencies or hedging activities, are likely to produce a difference between the Fund’s book income and the sum of its taxable income and net tax-exempt income (if any). If the Fund’s book income exceeds the sum of its taxable income (including net realized capital gains) and net tax-exempt income (if any), the distribution (if any) of such excess generally will be treated as (i) a dividend to the extent of that Fund’s remaining earnings and profits (including earnings and profits arising from tax-exempt income), (ii) thereafter, as a return of capital to the extent of the recipient’s basis in its shares, and (iii) thereafter, as gain from the sale or exchange of a capital asset. If the Fund’s book income is less than the sum of its taxable income and net tax-exempt income (if any), the Fund could be required to make distributions exceeding book income to qualify as a RIC that is accorded special tax treatment.

The Fund’s transactions in foreign currencies, foreign currency-denominated debt obligations and certain foreign currency options, futures contracts or forward contracts (or similar instruments) may give rise to ordinary income or loss to the extent such income or loss results from fluctuations in the value of the foreign currency concerned. Such ordinary income treatment may accelerate Fund distributions to shareholders and increase the distributions taxed to shareholders as ordinary income. Any net ordinary losses so created cannot be carried forward by the Fund to offset income or gains earned in subsequent years.

Some debt obligations with a fixed maturity date of more than one year from the date of issuance (and zero-coupon debt obligations with a fixed maturity date of more than one year from the date of issuance) that are acquired by the Fund will be treated as debt obligations that are issued originally at a discount. Generally, the amount of the original issue discount (“OID”) is treated as interest income and is included in the Fund’s income (and required to be distributed by the Fund) over the term of the debt security, even though payment of that amount is not received until a later time, upon partial or full repayment or disposition of the debt security.

Some debt obligations with a fixed maturity date of more than one year from the date of issuance that are acquired by the Fund in the secondary market may be treated as having market discount. Very generally, market discount is the excess of the stated redemption price of a debt obligation (or in the case of an obligation issued with OID, its “revised issue price”) over the purchase price of such obligation. Generally, any gain recognized on the disposition of, and any partial payment of principal on, a debt security having market discount is treated as ordinary income to the extent the gain, or principal payment, does not exceed the “accrued market discount” on such debt security. Alternatively, the Fund may elect to accrue market discount currently and thus distribute it over the term of the debt security, even though the payment of that amount is not received until a later time, upon partial or full repayment or disposition of the debt security. The rate at which the market discount accrues, and thus is included in the Fund’s income, will depend upon which of the permitted accrual methods the Fund elects.

 

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Some debt obligations with a fixed maturity date of one year or less from the date of issuance that are acquired by the Fund may be treated as having OID or “acquisition discount” (very generally, the excess of the stated redemption price over the purchase price). Generally, the Fund will be required to include the OID or acquisition discount in income (as ordinary income) over the term of the debt security, even though payment of that amount is not received until a later time, upon partial or full repayment or disposition of the debt security. The rate at which OID or acquisition discount accrues, and thus is included in the Fund’s income, will depend upon which of the permitted accrual methods the Fund elects.

Some preferred securities may include provisions that permit the issuer, at its discretion, to defer the payment of distributions for a stated period without any adverse consequences to the issuer. If the Fund owns a preferred security that is deferring the payment of its distributions, the Fund may be required to report income for U.S. federal income tax purposes to the extent of any such deferred distribution even though the Fund has not yet actually received the cash distribution.

If the Fund holds the foregoing kinds of obligations, or other obligations subject to special rules under the Code, it may be required to pay out as an income distribution each year an amount which is greater than the total amount of cash interest that Fund actually received. Such distributions may be made from the cash assets of the Fund or, if necessary, by liquidation of portfolio securities (including at a time when it may not be advantageous to do so). The Fund may realize gains or losses from such liquidations. In the event the Fund realizes net long-term or short-term capital gains from such transactions, its shareholders may receive a larger capital gain distribution or ordinary dividend, respectively, than they would in the absence of such transactions.

Investments in high-yield debt obligations or other distressed debt obligations that are at risk of or in default present special tax issues for the Fund investing in or holding such securities. Tax rules are not entirely clear about issues such as whether or to what extent the Fund should recognize market discount on a debt obligation, when the Fund may cease to accrue interest, OID or market discount, when and to what extent the Fund may take deductions for bad debts or worthless securities and how the Fund should allocate payments received on obligations in default between principal and income. These and other related issues will be addressed by the Fund as necessary, in order to seek to ensure that it distributes sufficient income to preserve its eligibility for treatment as a RIC and does not become subject to U.S. federal income or excise tax.

A portion of the OID paid or accrued on certain high-yield discount obligations owned by the Fund may not be deductible to the issuer and will instead be treated as a dividend paid by the issuer for purposes of the dividends-received deduction. In such cases, if the issuer of the obligation is a domestic corporation, dividend payments by the Fund may be eligible for the dividends-received deduction to the extent of the deemed dividend portion of such OID.

Very generally, where the Fund purchases a bond at a price that exceeds the redemption price at maturity – that is, at a premium — the premium is amortizable over the remaining term of the bond. In the case of a taxable bond, if the Fund makes an election applicable to all such bonds it purchases, which election is irrevocable without consent of the IRS, the Fund reduces the current taxable income from the bond by the amortized premium and reduces its tax basis in the bond by the amount of such offset; upon the disposition or maturity of such bonds acquired on or after January 4, 2013, the Fund is permitted to deduct any remaining premium allocable to a prior period. In the case of a tax-exempt bond, tax rules require the Fund to reduce its tax basis by the amount of amortized premium.

The Fund’s investment in foreign countries may be subject to foreign withholding and other taxes on dividends, interest, capital gains, or other income or proceeds. These withholding and other taxes will decrease the Fund’s yield on the securities subject to such taxes. Tax treaties between certain countries and the U.S. may reduce or eliminate such taxes. If more than 50% of the Fund’s assets at taxable year end consists of the securities of foreign corporations, the Fund may elect to permit shareholders to claim a credit or deduction on their income tax returns for their pro rata portions of qualified taxes paid by the Fund to foreign countries in respect of foreign securities that the Fund has held for at least the minimum period specified in the Code.

In each such case, shareholders will include in gross income from foreign sources their pro rata shares of such taxes paid by the Fund. A shareholder’s ability to claim an offsetting foreign tax credit or deduction in respect of foreign taxes paid by the Fund is subject to certain limitations imposed by the Code, which may result in the shareholder’s not receiving a full credit or deduction (if any) for the amount of such taxes. Shareholders who do not itemize on their U.S. federal income tax returns may claim a credit (but not a deduction) for such foreign taxes. Shareholders that are not subject to U.S. federal income tax, and those who invest in the Fund through tax-advantaged accounts (including those who invest through individual retirement accounts or other tax-advantaged retirement plans), generally will receive no benefit from any tax credit or deduction passed through by the Fund. Even if eligible in a particular taxable year, the Fund may determine not to make this election, in which case shareholders will not be entitled to claim a credit or deduction for foreign taxes paid by the Fund in such year.

 

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Any investment by the Fund in equity securities of REITs may result in the Fund’s receipt of cash in excess of the REIT’s earnings; if the Fund distributes these amounts, these distributions could constitute a return of capital to Fund shareholders for U.S. federal income tax purposes. Dividends received by the Fund from a REIT will not qualify for the corporate dividends-received deduction and generally will not constitute qualified dividend income. Individuals and certain non-corporate entities are eligible for a deduction for 20% of qualified REIT dividends. Recently issued proposed regulations allow a RIC, such as the Fund, to pass the character of its qualified REIT dividends through to its shareholders, provided certain holding period requirements are met.

In general, excess inclusion income allocated to shareholders (i) cannot be offset by net operating losses (subject to a limited exception for certain thrift institutions), (ii) will constitute unrelated business taxable income (“UBTI”) to entities (including a qualified pension plan, an individual retirement account, a 401(k) plan, a Keogh plan or other tax-exempt entity) subject to tax on UBTI, thereby potentially requiring such an entity that is allocated excess inclusion income, and otherwise might not be required to file a tax return, to file a tax return and pay tax on such income, and (iii) in the case of a non-U.S. shareholder, will not qualify for any reduction in U.S. federal withholding tax. A shareholder will be subject to U.S. federal income tax on such inclusions notwithstanding any exemption from such income tax otherwise available under the Code.

To the extent the Fund participates in short sales by contracting for the sale of securities it does not own and later purchasing securities necessary to close the sale, the character of the gain or loss realized on such a short sale is determined by reference to the property used to close the short sale and is thus generally short-term. Because net short-term capital gain (after reduction by any long-term capital loss) is generally taxed at ordinary income rates, the Fund’s short sale transactions can increase the percentage of the Fund’s gains that are taxable to shareholders as ordinary income.

Any transactions by the Fund in foreign currencies, foreign currency-denominated debt obligations and certain foreign currency options, futures contracts and forward contracts (and similar instruments) may give rise to ordinary income or loss to the extent such income or loss results from fluctuations in the value of the foreign currency concerned. Such ordinary income treatment may accelerate Fund distributions to shareholders and increase the distributions taxed to shareholders as ordinary income. Any net ordinary losses so created cannot be carried forward by the Fund to offset income or gains earned in subsequent years.

Any equity investments by the Fund in certain “passive foreign investment companies” (“PFICs”) could potentially subject the Fund to a U.S. federal income tax (including interest charges) on distributions received from the PFIC or on proceeds received from the disposition of shares in the PFIC. This tax cannot be eliminated by making distributions to Fund shareholders. However, the Fund may elect to avoid the imposition of that tax. For example, the Fund may elect to treat a PFIC as a “qualified electing fund” (i.e., make a “QEF election”), in which case that Fund will be required to include its share of the PFIC’s income and net capital gains annually, regardless of whether it receives any distribution from the PFIC. The Fund also may make an election to mark the gains (and to a limited extent losses) in such holdings “to the market” as though it had sold and repurchased its holdings in those PFICs on the last day of that Fund’s taxable year. Such gains and losses are treated as ordinary income and loss. The QEF and mark-to-market elections may accelerate the recognition of income (without the receipt of cash) and increase the amount required to be distributed by the Fund to avoid taxation. Making either of these elections therefore may require the Fund to liquidate other investments (including when it is not advantageous to do so) to meet its distribution requirement, which also may accelerate the recognition of gain and affect that Fund’s total return. Dividends paid by PFICs will not be eligible to be treated as “qualified dividend income.” Because it is not always possible to identify a foreign corporation as a PFIC, the Fund may incur the tax and interest charges described above in some instances.

Income proceeds and gains received by the Fund from sources within foreign countries may be subject to withholding and other taxes imposed by such countries. Tax treaties between certain countries and the United States may reduce or eliminate such taxes. Shareholders generally will not be entitled to separately claim a credit or deduction with respect to foreign taxes incurred by the Fund. This will decrease the Fund’s yield on securities subject to such taxes.

The Fund’s Derivative Transactions, as well as any of its other hedging, short sale or similar transactions, may be subject to one or more special tax rules (including, for instance, notional principal contract, mark-to-market, constructive sale, straddle, wash sale and short-sale rules). These rules may affect whether gains and losses recognized by the Fund are treated as ordinary or capital and/or as short-term or long-term, accelerate the recognition of income or gains to the Fund, defer losses, and cause adjustments in the holding periods of the Fund’s securities. The rules could therefore affect the amount, timing and/or character of distributions to shareholders.

Because the tax rules applicable to derivative financial instruments are in some cases uncertain under current law, an adverse determination or future guidance by the IRS with respect to these rules (which determination or guidance could be retroactive) may affect whether the Fund has made sufficient distributions, and otherwise satisfied the relevant requirements, to maintain its qualification as a RIC and avoid a Fund-level tax.

 

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Certain of the Fund’s Derivative Transactions and investments in foreign currency-denominated instruments, and any of the Fund’s transactions in foreign currencies and hedging activities, are likely to produce a difference between its book income and the sum of its taxable income and net tax-exempt income (if any). If such a difference arises, and the Fund’s book income is less than the sum of its taxable income and net tax-exempt income (if any), the Fund could be required to make distributions exceeding book income to qualify as a RIC that is accorded special tax treatment and to avoid a Fund-level tax. In the alternative, if the Fund’s book income exceeds the sum of its taxable income and net tax-exempt income (if any), the distribution (if any) of such excess generally will be treated as (i) a dividend to the extent of the Fund’s remaining earnings and profits (including earnings and profits arising from any tax-exempt income), (ii) thereafter, as a return of capital to the extent of the recipient’s basis in its shares, and (iii) thereafter, as gain from the sale or exchange of a capital asset.

Under a notice issued by the IRS in October 2006 and Treasury regulations that have yet to be issued but may apply retroactively, a portion of a Fund’s income (if any) (including income allocated to the Fund from a REIT or other pass-through entity) that is attributable to a residual interest in a real estate mortgage investment conduit (“REMIC”) (including residual interests in collateralized mortgage obligations) or an equity interest in a taxable mortgage pool (“TMP”) (referred to in the Code as an “excess inclusion”) will be subject to U.S. federal income tax in all events. This notice also provides, and the regulations are expected to provide, that excess inclusion income of a RIC will be allocated to shareholders of the RIC in proportion to the dividends received by such shareholders, with the same consequences as if the shareholders held the related interest directly. As a result, to the extent the Fund invests in any such interests, it may not be a suitable investment for certain tax-exempt shareholders (as noted below in “Tax-Exempt Shareholders”).

In general, excess inclusion income allocated to shareholders (i) cannot be offset by net operating losses (subject to a limited exception for certain thrift institutions), (ii) will constitute unrelated business taxable income (“UBTI”) to entities (including a qualified pension plan, an individual retirement account, a 401(k) plan, a Keogh plan or other tax-exempt entity) subject to tax on UBTI, thereby potentially requiring such an entity that is allocated excess inclusion income, and otherwise might not be required to file a U.S. federal income tax return, to file such a tax return and pay tax on such income, and (iii) in the case of a non-U.S. shareholder, will not qualify for any reduction in U.S. federal withholding tax.

Backup Withholding

The Fund (or if Fund shares are purchased through an intermediary, the intermediary) generally is required to withhold and remit to the U.S. Treasury 28% of the taxable distributions and redemption proceeds paid to any individual shareholder who fails to properly furnish the Fund (or intermediary) with a correct taxpayer identification number (“TIN”), who has under-reported dividend or interest income, or who fails to certify to the Fund (or intermediary) that he or she is not subject to such withholding. The backup withholding rules may also apply to distributions that are properly reported as exempt-interest dividends. Backup withholding is not an additional tax. Any amounts withheld may be credited against the shareholder’s U.S. federal income tax liability, provided the appropriate information is furnished to the IRS.

Sale or Exchange of Fund Shares

The sale or exchange of Fund shares may give rise to a gain or loss. In general, any gain or loss realized upon a taxable disposition of shares will be treated as long-term capital gain or loss if the shares have been held for more than 12 months. Otherwise, the gain or loss on the taxable disposition of Fund shares will be treated as short-term capital gain or loss. However, any loss realized upon a taxable disposition of shares held for six months or less will be treated as long-term, rather than short-term, to the extent of any Capital Gain Dividends received (or deemed received) by the shareholder with respect to the shares. All or a portion of any loss realized upon a taxable disposition of Fund shares will be disallowed if other substantially identical shares are purchased within 30 days before or after the disposition. In such a case, the basis of the newly purchased shares will be adjusted to reflect the disallowed loss.

Shareholders may be entitled to offset their Capital Gain Dividends with capital loss from other sources. The Code contains a number of statutory provisions affecting the circumstances under which capital loss may be offset against capital gain and limiting the use of loss from certain investments and activities. Accordingly, shareholders that have capital losses are urged to consult their tax advisers.

Tax Shelter Reporting Regulations

Under Treasury regulations, if a shareholder recognizes a loss of $2 million or more for an individual shareholder or $10 million or more for a corporate shareholder, the shareholder must file with the IRS a disclosure statement on IRS Form 8886. Direct holders of portfolio securities are in many cases excepted from this reporting requirement, but under current guidance, shareholders of a RIC are not excepted. Future guidance may extend the current exception from this reporting requirement to shareholders of most or all RICs. The fact that a loss is reportable under these regulations does not affect the legal determination of whether the taxpayer’s treatment of the loss is proper. Shareholders should consult their tax advisers to determine the applicability of these regulations in light of their individual circumstances.

 

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Non-U.S. Shareholders

Distributions by the Fund to shareholders that are not “U.S. persons” within the meaning of the Code (“foreign shareholders”) properly reported by the Fund as (1) Capital Gain Dividends, (2) short-term capital gain dividends, (3) interest-related dividends, and (4) exempt-interest dividends each as defined and subject to certain conditions described below, generally will not be subject to withholding of U.S. federal income tax.

In general, the Code defines (1) “short-term capital gain dividends” as distributions of net short-term capital gains in excess of net long-term capital losses and (2) “interest-related dividends” as distributions from U.S. source interest income of types similar to those not subject to U.S. federal income tax if earned directly by an individual foreign shareholder, in each case to the extent such distributions are properly reported as such by the Fund in a written notice to shareholders.

The exceptions to withholding for Capital Gain Dividends and short-term capital gain dividends do not apply to (A) distributions to an individual foreign shareholder who is present in the United States for a period or periods aggregating 183 days or more during the year of the distribution and (B) distributions attributable to gain that is treated as effectively connected with the conduct by the foreign shareholder of a trade or business within the United States under special rules regarding the disposition of U.S. real property interests (“USRPI”) as described below. The exception to withholding for interest-related dividends does not apply to distributions to a foreign shareholder that (A) has not provided a satisfactory statement that the beneficial owner is not a U.S. person, (B) to the extent that the dividend is attributable to certain interest on an obligation if the foreign shareholder is the issuer or is a 10% shareholder of the issuer, (C) that is within certain foreign countries that have inadequate information exchange with the United States, or (D) to the extent the dividend is attributable to interest paid by a person that is a related person of the foreign shareholder and the foreign shareholder is a controlled foreign corporation. The Fund is permitted to report such part of its dividends as interest-related or short-term capital gain dividends as are eligible, but is not required to do so. In the case of shares held through an intermediary, the intermediary may withhold even if the Fund reports all or a portion of a payment as an interest-related or short-term capital gain dividend to shareholders. Foreign shareholders should contact their intermediaries regarding the application of these rules to their accounts.

Distributions by the Fund to foreign shareholders other than Capital Gain Dividends, short-term capital gain dividends, interest-related dividends and exempt-interest dividends (e.g., dividends attributable to dividend and foreign-source interest income or to short-term capital gains or U.S. source interest income to which the exception from withholding described above does not apply) are generally subject to withholding of U.S. federal income tax at a rate of 30% (or lower applicable treaty rate).

A foreign shareholder is not, in general, subject to U.S. federal income tax on gains (and is not allowed a deduction for losses) realized on the sale of shares of the Fund unless (i) such gain is effectively connected with the conduct of a trade or business carried on by such holder within the United States, (ii) in the case of an individual holder, the holder is present in the United States for a period or periods aggregating 183 days or more during the year of the sale and certain other conditions are met, or (iii) the special rules relating to gain attributable to the sale or exchange of USRPIs apply to the foreign shareholder’s sale of shares of the Fund (as described below).

Foreign shareholders with respect to whom income from the Fund is effectively connected with a trade or business conducted by the foreign shareholder within the United States will, in general, be subject to U.S. federal income tax on the income derived from the Fund at the graduated rates applicable to U.S. citizens, residents or domestic corporations, whether such income is received in cash or reinvested in shares of the Fund and, in the case of a foreign corporation, may also be subject to a branch profits tax.

If a foreign shareholder is eligible for the benefits of a tax treaty, any effectively connected income or gain will generally be subject to U.S. federal income tax on a net basis only if it is also attributable to a permanent establishment maintained by the shareholder in the United States. More generally, foreign shareholders who are residents in a country with an income tax treaty with the United States may obtain different tax results than those described herein and are urged to consult their tax advisers.

Special rules apply to distributions to certain foreign shareholders from a RIC that is a qualified investment entity (“QIE”) because it is either a “U.S. real property holding corporation” (“USRPHC”) or former USRPHC or would be a USRPHC absent certain exclusions from the definition of USRPIs. Very generally, a USRPHC is a domestic corporation that holds USRPIs — USRPIs are defined generally as any interest in U.S. real property or any equity interest in a USRPHC — the fair market value of which, during specified testing periods, equals or exceeds 50% of the sum of the fair market values of the corporation’s USRPIs, interests in real property located outside the United States and other assets. The Fund generally do not expect that they will be USRPHCs or would be USRPHCs but for the operation of the special exceptions referred to above, and thus do not expect these special tax rules to apply.

 

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If an interest in the Fund were a USRPI, a greater-than-5% foreign shareholder generally would be required to file a U.S. tax return in connection with the sale of its Fund shares, and pay related taxes due on any gain realized on the sale.

If the Fund were a QIE, under a special “look-through” rule, any distributions by the Fund to a foreign shareholder attributable directly or indirectly to (i) distributions received by the Fund from a lower-tier RIC or REIT that the Fund is required to treat as USRPI gain in its hands and (ii) gains realized on the disposition of USRPIs by the Fund would retain their character as gains realized from USRPIs in the hands of the Fund’s foreign shareholders and would be subject to U.S. tax withholding. In addition, such distributions could result in the foreign shareholder being required to file a U.S. tax return and pay tax on the distributions at regular U.S. federal income tax rates. The consequences to a foreign shareholder, including the rate of such withholding and character of such distributions (e.g., as ordinary income or USRPI gain), would vary depending upon the extent of the foreign shareholder’s current and past ownership of the Fund.

Foreign shareholders of the Fund also may be subject to “wash sale” rules to prevent the avoidance of the tax-filing and -payment obligations discussed above through the sale and repurchase of Fund shares.

The Fund generally does not expect that it will be a QIE.

Foreign shareholders should consult their tax advisers and, if holding shares through intermediaries, their intermediaries, concerning the application of these rules to their investment in the Fund.

In order to qualify for any exemption from withholding described above (to the extent applicable) or for lower withholding tax rates under applicable income tax treaties, or to establish an exemption from backup withholding, a foreign shareholder must comply with applicable certification requirements relating to its non-U.S. status (including, in general, furnishing an IRS Form W-8BEN, W-8BEN-E or substitute form). Foreign shareholders should contact their tax advisers in this regard.

A foreign shareholder may be subject to state and local tax and to the U.S. federal estate tax in addition to the U.S. federal tax on income referred to above.

Tax-Exempt Shareholders

Income of the Fund that would be UBTI if earned directly by a tax exempt entity generally will not constitute UBTI when distributed to tax-exempt shareholders of the Fund. Notwithstanding this “blocking” effect, a tax-exempt shareholder could realize UBTI by virtue of its investment in the Fund if shares in the Fund constitute debt-financed property in the hands of the tax-exempt shareholder within the meaning of Section 514(b) of the Code.

A tax-exempt shareholder may also recognize UBTI if the Fund recognizes excess inclusion income derived from direct or indirect investments in residual interests in REMICS or equity interests in TMPs if the amount of such income recognized by the Fund exceeds the Fund’s investment company taxable income (after taking into account deductions for dividends paid by the Fund).

In addition, special tax consequences apply to charitable remainder trusts (“CRTs”) that invest in RICs that invest directly or indirectly in residual interests in REMICs or equity interests in TMPs. Under legislation enacted in December 2006, a CRT (as defined in Section 664 of the Code) that realizes any UBTI for a taxable year must pay an excise tax annually of an amount equal to such UBTI. Under IRS guidance issued in October 2006, a CRT will not recognize UBTI as a result of investing in a RIC that recognizes excess inclusion income. Rather, if at any time during any taxable year a CRT (or one of certain other tax-exempt shareholders, such as the United States, a state or political subdivision, or an agency or instrumentality thereof, and certain energy cooperatives) is a record holder of a share in a RIC that recognizes excess inclusion income, then the RIC will be subject to a tax on that portion of its excess inclusion income for the taxable year that is allocable to such shareholders at the highest federal corporate income tax rate. The extent to which this IRS guidance remains applicable in light of the December 2006 legislation is unclear. To the extent permitted under the 1940 Act, the Fund may elect to specially allocate any such tax to the applicable CRT, or other shareholder, and thus reduce such shareholder’s distributions for the year by the amount of the tax that relates to such shareholder’s interest in the Fund.

CRTs and other tax-exempt investors are urged to consult their tax advisers concerning the consequences of investing in the Fund.

 

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Shareholder Reporting Obligations With Respect to Foreign Bank and Financial Accounts

Shareholders that are U.S. persons and own, directly or indirectly, more than 50% of the Fund could be required to report annually their “financial interest” in the Fund’s “foreign financial accounts,” if any, on FinCEN Form 114, Report of Foreign Bank and Financial Accounts (FBAR). Shareholders should consult a tax advisor, and persons investing in the Fund through an intermediary should contact their intermediary, regarding the applicability to them of this reporting requirement.

Other Reporting and Withholding Requirements

Sections 1471-1474 of the Code and the U.S. Treasury and IRS guidance issued thereunder (collectively, “FATCA”) generally require the Fund to obtain information sufficient to identify the status of each of its shareholders under FATCA or under an applicable intergovernmental agreement (an “IGA”) between the United States and a foreign government. If a shareholder fails to provide this information or otherwise fails to comply with FATCA or an IGA, the Fund may be required to withhold under FATCA at a rate of 30% with respect to that shareholder on ordinary dividends it pays. Recently issued proposed regulations would eliminate the withholding tax on the gross proceeds from the sale or exchange of shares and certain Capital Gains Dividends that was scheduled to take effect after December 31, 2018. If a payment by the Fund is subject to FATCA withholding, the Fund is required to withhold even if such payment would otherwise be exempt from withholding under the rules applicable to foreign shareholders described above (e.g., Capital Gain Dividends, short-term capital gain dividends and interest-related dividends).Each prospective investor is urged to consult its tax adviser regarding the applicability of FATCA and any other reporting requirements with respect to the prospective investor’s own situation, including investments through an intermediary. Persons investing in the Fund through an intermediary should contact their intermediary regarding the application of this reporting and withholding regime to their investments in the Fund.

Shares Purchased Through Tax-Qualified Plans

Special tax rules apply to investments through defined contribution plans and other tax-qualified plans or tax-advantaged arrangements. Shareholders should consult their tax advisers to determine the suitability of shares of the Fund as an investment through such plans and arrangements and the precise effect of an investment on their particular tax situation.

 

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General Considerations

The U.S. federal income tax discussion set forth above is for general information only. Prospective investors should consult their tax advisers regarding the specific U.S. federal tax consequences of purchasing, holding, and disposing of shares of the Fund, as well as the effects of state, local, foreign and other tax law and any proposed tax law changes.

PRINCIPAL HOLDERS OF SECURITIES

The following table sets forth, as of March 31, 2019, the beneficial ownership of each of our directors, executive officers, each person known to us to beneficially own 5% or more of the outstanding shares of our common stock, and the executive officers and directors as a “group,” as the term is defined in Section 13(d) of the 1934 Act.

 

Name and Address on Account

   % of shares  

Highland Global Allocation Fund - Common Shares

  

MAINSTAR

214 9th STREET

ONAGA, KS 66521

     15.62

CEDE & CO.

55 WATER STREET

NEW YORK, NY 10041

     14.40

WELLS FARGO CLEARING SERVICES LLC

SPECIAL CUSTODY ACCT FOR THE EXCLUSIVE

BENEFIT OF CUSTOMERS

2801 MARKET STREET

ST. LOUIS, MO 63103-2523

     11.22

DWAC—RBC CAPITAL MARKETS CORPORATION

3 WORLD FINANCIAL CENTER

200 VESEY STREET

NEW YORK, NY 10281

     5.34

FUND HISTORY AND ADDITIONAL INFORMATION

The Fund is a non-diversified, closed-end management investment company that was organized as a Massachusetts business trust pursuant to an amendment to its Declaration of Trust dated June 28, 2017. On the Conversion Date, the Fund converted from the Predecessor Fund, an open-end series of the Predecessor Trust, to a standalone closed end fund. As part of the Conversion, shares of the Predecessor Fund that had been previously registered and were then-currently outstanding were converted into newly registered and issued shares of the Fund.

Shareholder Liability

Massachusetts law provides that shareholders of the Fund may, under certain circumstances, be held personally liable for the obligations of the Fund. The Declaration disclaims shareholder liability for acts or obligations of the Fund, however, and permits notice of the disclaimer be given in each note, bond, contract, instrument, certificate or undertaking made or issued on behalf of the Fund or a Trustee of the Fund. The Declaration provides for indemnification from the property of the Fund for all losses and expenses of any shareholder of the Fund held personally liable for the obligations of the Fund. Thus, the risk of a shareholder of the Fund incurring financial loss on account of shareholder liability is limited to circumstances in which the Fund would be unable to meet its obligations, a possibility that the Fund’s management believes is remote. Upon payment of any liability incurred by the Fund, the shareholder paying the liability will be entitled to reimbursement from the general assets of the Fund. The Trustees intend to conduct the operations of the Fund and the Fund in such a way so as to avoid, as far as practicable, ultimate liability of the shareholders for liabilities of the Fund.

Shareholder Rights and Voting

When issued, shares of the Fund will be fully paid and non-assessable. Shares are freely transferable and have no preemptive, subscription or conversion rights. Each Class represents an identical interest in the Fund’s investment portfolio. As a result, each Class has the same rights, privileges and preferences, except with respect to: (1) the designation of each Class; (2) the sales arrangement; (3) certain expenses allocable exclusively to each Class; (4) voting rights on matters exclusively affecting a single

 

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Class; and (5) the exchange privilege of each Class. The Board does not anticipate that there will be any conflicts among the interests of the holders of the different Classes. The Board, on an ongoing basis, will consider whether any conflict exists and, if so, will take appropriate action. The Board may amend the Declaration without the vote of shareholders in order to conform the provisions to tax or regulatory requirements, or to make other changes that do not materially affect the rights of shareholders. In addition, the Trustees may reclassify and redesignate any series or class of shares outstanding, as long as the action does not materially adversely affect the rights of the affected shareholders. The Declaration permits the Board to terminate the Fund, under certain circumstances, without the vote of shareholders and the Board may do so after providing appropriate notice to the Fund’s shareholders.

When matters are submitted for shareholder vote, each shareholder of the Fund will have one vote for each full share held and proportionate, fractional votes for fractional shares held. In general, shares of the Fund vote as a single class on all matters except (1) when required by the 1940 Act or when the Trustees shall have determined that the matter affects one or more classes materially differently, shares shall be voted by individual class; and (2) when the Trustees have determined that the matter affects only the interests of one or more classes, only shareholders of classes shall be entitled to vote thereon. Normally, no meetings of shareholders of the Fund will be held for the purpose of electing Trustees of the Fund unless and until such time as less than a majority of the Trustees holding office have been elected by shareholders of the Fund, at which time the Trustees then in office will call a shareholders’ meeting for the election of Trustees. Any of the Trustees may be removed (provided the aggregate number of Trustees after such removal shall not be less than the minimum number required under the Fund’s Declaration) for cause only, and not without cause, and only by action taken by a majority of the remaining Trustees and with the approval of the holders of at least seventy-five percent (75%) of the shares then entitled to vote in an election of such Trustee.

FINANCIAL STATEMENTS

On February 13, 2019, the Fund converted from the Predecessor Fund, an open-end series of the Predecessor Trust, a Massachusetts business trust, to a standalone closed end fund, also a Massachusetts business. As part of the Conversion, shares of the Predecessor Fund that had been previously registered and were then-currently outstanding were converted into newly registered and issued shares of the Fund. The Fund will be the successor to the accounting and performance information of the Predecessor Fund. The audited financial statements and notes thereto of the Predecessor Fund’s Annual Report to Shareholders for the fiscal year ended September 30, 2018 are incorporated into this SAI by reference and have been audited by PwC, an independent registered public accounting firm, whose report, along with the financial statements, appears in the Predecessor Fund’s 2018 Annual Report to Shareholders for the fiscal year ended September 30, 2018, as filed with the SEC on February 11, 2019.

The audited financial statements incorporated by reference into the Predecessor Funds’ Prospectus and this SAI have been so incorporated in reliance upon the report of PwC given on its authority as an expert in auditing and accounting. The Predecessor Fund’s Annual Report is available without charge by calling the Funds at 1-866-745-0264 or on the SEC’s website at http://www.sec.gov.

As of November 6, 2018, PwC, an independent registered public accounting firm, serves as the independent registered public accounting firm for the Fund.

The Predecessor Fund’s Semi-Annual and Annual Report are available without charge by calling the Funds at 1-866-745-0264 or on the SEC’s website at http://www.sec.gov.

 

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APPENDIX A

RATINGS CATEGORIES

Ratings in General. A rating of a rating service represents the service’s opinion as to the credit quality of the security being rated. However, the ratings are general and are not absolute standards of quality or guarantees as to the creditworthiness of an issuer. Consequently, the Adviser believes that the quality of debt securities should be continuously reviewed and that individual analysts give different weightings to the various factors involved in credit analysis. A rating is not a recommendation to purchase, sell or hold a security because it does not take into account market value or suitability for a particular investor. When a security has received a rating from more than one service, each rating should be evaluated independently. Ratings are based on current information furnished by the issuer or obtained by the rating services from other sources that they consider reliable. Ratings may be changed, suspended or withdrawn as a result of changes in or unavailability of such information, or for other reasons. The following is a description of the characteristics of ratings used by Moody’s Investors Service (“Moody’s”) and Standard & Poor’s (“S&P”).

Moody’s

Global Long-term Rating Scale

Ratings assigned on Moody’s global long-term rating scales are forward-looking opinions of the relative credit risks of financial obligations issued by non-financial corporates, financial institutions, structured finance vehicles, project finance vehicles, and public sector entities. Long-term ratings are assigned to issuers or obligations with an original maturity of one year or more and reflect both on the likelihood of a default on contractually promised payments and the expected financial loss suffered in the event of default.

Aaa

Obligations rated Aaa are judged to be of the highest quality, subject to the lowest level of credit risk.

Aa

Obligations rated Aa are judged to be of high quality and are subject to very low credit risk.

A

Obligations rated A are judged to be upper-medium grade and are subject to low credit risk.

Baa

Obligations rated Baa are judged to be medium-grade and subject to moderate credit risk and as such may possess certain speculative characteristics.

Ba

Obligations rated Ba are judged to be speculative and are subject to substantial credit risk.

B

Obligations rated B are considered speculative and are subject to high credit risk.

Caa

Obligations rated Caa are judged to be speculative of poor standing and are subject to very high credit risk.

Ca

Obligations rated Ca are highly speculative and are likely in, or very near, default, with some prospect of recovery of principal and interest.

 

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C

Obligations rated C are the lowest rated and are typically in default, with little prospect for recovery of principal or interest.

Note: Moody’s appends numerical modifiers 1, 2, and 3 to each generic rating classification from Aa through Caa. The modifier 1 indicates that the obligation ranks in the higher end of its generic rating category; the modifier 2 indicates a mid-range ranking; and the modifier 3 indicates a ranking in the lower end of that generic rating category. Additionally, a “(hyb)” indicator is appended to all ratings of hybrid securities issued by banks, insurers, finance companies, and securities firms.*

 

*

By their terms, hybrid securities allow for the omission of scheduled dividends, interest, or principal payments, which can potentially result in impairment if such an omission occurs. Hybrid securities may also be subject to contractually allowable write-downs of principal that could result in impairment. Together with the hybrid indicator, the long-term obligation rating assigned to a hybrid security is an expression of the relative credit risk associated with that security.

Global Short-Term Rating Scale

Ratings assigned on Moody’s global short-term rating scales are forward-looking opinions of the relative credit risks of financial obligations issued by non-financial corporates, financial institutions, structured finance vehicles, project finance vehicles, and public sector entities. Short-term ratings are assigned to obligations with an original maturity of thirteen months or less and reflect the likelihood of a default on contractually promised payments.

Moody’s employs the following designations to indicate the relative repayment ability of rated issuers:

P-1

Issuers (or supporting institutions) rated Prime-1 have a superior ability to repay short-term debt obligations.

P-2

Issuers (or supporting institutions) rated Prime-2 have a strong ability to repay short-term debt obligations.

P-3

Issuers (or supporting institutions) rated Prime-3 have an acceptable ability to repay short-term obligations.

NP

Issuers (or supporting institutions) rated Not Prime do not fall within any of the Prime rating categories.

S&P

Long-Term Issue Credit Ratings

Issue credit ratings are based, in varying degrees, on S&P’s analysis of the following considerations: (i) likelihood of payment – capacity and willingness of the obligor to meet its financial commitment on an obligation in accordance with the terms of the obligation; (ii) nature of and provisions of the obligation, and the promise we impute; and (iii) protection afforded by, and relative position of, the obligation in the event of bankruptcy, reorganization, or other arrangement under the laws of bankruptcy and other laws affecting creditors’ rights.

Issue ratings are an assessment of default risk, but may incorporate an assessment of relative seniority or ultimate recovery in the event of default. Junior obligations are typically rated lower than senior obligations, to reflect the lower priority in bankruptcy, as noted above. (Such differentiation may apply when an entity has both senior and subordinated obligations, secured and unsecured obligations, or operating company and holding company obligations.)

AAA

An obligation rated ‘AAA’ has the highest rating assigned by S&P. The obligor’s capacity to meet its financial commitment on the obligation is extremely strong.

 

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AA

An obligation rated ‘AA’ differs from the highest-rated obligations only to a small degree. The obligor’s capacity to meet its financial commitment on the obligation is very strong.

A

An obligation rated ‘A’ is somewhat more susceptible to the adverse effects of changes in circumstances and economic conditions than obligations in higher-rated categories. However, the obligor’s capacity to meet its financial commitment on the obligation is still strong.

BBB

An obligation rated ‘BBB’ exhibits adequate protection parameters. However, adverse economic conditions or changing circumstances are more likely to lead to a weakened capacity of the obligor to meet its financial commitment on the obligation.

BB, B, CCC, CC, and C

Obligations rated ‘BB’, ‘B’, ‘CCC’, ‘CC’, and ‘C’ are regarded as having significant speculative characteristics. ‘BB’ indicates the least degree of speculation and ‘C’ the highest. While such obligations will likely have some quality and protective characteristics, these may be outweighed by large uncertainties or major exposures to adverse conditions.

BB

An obligation rated ‘BB’ is less vulnerable to nonpayment than other speculative issues. However, it faces major ongoing uncertainties or exposure to adverse business, financial, or economic conditions which could lead to the obligor’s inadequate capacity to meet its financial commitment on the obligation.

B

An obligation rated ‘B’ is more vulnerable to nonpayment than obligations rated ‘BB’, but the obligor currently has the capacity to meet its financial commitment on the obligation. Adverse business, financial, or economic conditions will likely impair the obligor’s capacity or willingness to meet its financial commitment on the obligation.

CCC

An obligation rated ‘CCC’ is currently vulnerable to nonpayment, and is dependent upon favorable business, financial, and economic conditions for the obligor to meet its financial commitment on the obligation. In the event of adverse business, financial, or economic conditions, the obligor is not likely to have the capacity to meet its financial commitment on the obligation.

CC

An obligation rated ‘CC’ is currently highly vulnerable to nonpayment. The ‘CC’ rating is used when a default has not yet occurred, but S&P expects default to be a virtual certainty, regardless of the anticipated time to default.

C

An obligation rated ‘C’ is currently highly vulnerable to nonpayment, and the obligation is expected to have lower relative seniority or lower ultimate recovery compared to obligations that are rated higher.

D

An obligation rated ‘D’ is in default or in breach of an imputed promise. For non-hybrid capital instruments, the ‘D’ rating category is used when payments on an obligation are not made on the date due, unless S&P believes that such payments will be made within five business days in the absence of a stated grace period or within the earlier of the stated grace period or 30 calendar days. The ‘D’ rating also will be used upon the filing of a bankruptcy petition or the taking of similar action and where default on an obligation is a virtual certainty, for example due to automatic stay provisions. An obligation’s rating is lowered to ‘D’ if it is subject to a distressed exchange offer.

 

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Plus (+) or minus (-)

The ratings from ‘AA’ to ‘CCC’ may be modified by the addition of a plus (+) or minus (-) sign to show relative standing within the major rating categories.

NR

This indicates that no rating has been requested, or that there is insufficient information on which to base a rating, or that S&P does not rate a particular obligation as a matter of policy.

Short-Term Issue Credit Ratings

A-1

A short-term obligation rated ‘A-1’ is rated in the highest category by S&P. The obligor’s capacity to meet its financial commitment on the obligation is strong. Within this category, certain obligations are designated with a plus sign (+). This indicates that the obligor’s capacity to meet its financial commitment on these obligations is extremely strong.

A-2

A short-term obligation rated ‘A-2’ is somewhat more susceptible to the adverse effects of changes in circumstances and economic conditions than obligations in higher rating categories. However, the obligor’s capacity to meet its financial commitment on the obligation is satisfactory.

A-3

A short-term obligation rated ‘A-3’ exhibits adequate protection parameters. However, adverse economic conditions or changing circumstances are more likely to lead to a weakened capacity of the obligor to meet its financial commitment on the obligation.

B

A short-term obligation rated ‘B’ is regarded as vulnerable and has significant speculative characteristics. The obligor currently has the capacity to meet its financial commitments; however, it faces major ongoing uncertainties which could lead to the obligor’s inadequate capacity to meet its financial commitments.

C

A short-term obligation rated ‘C’ is currently vulnerable to nonpayment and is dependent upon favorable business, financial, and economic conditions for the obligor to meet its financial commitments.

D

A short-term obligation rated ‘D’ is in default or in breach of an imputed promise. For non-hybrid capital instruments, the ‘D’ rating category is used when payments on an obligation are not made on the date due, unless S&P believes that such payments will be made within any stated grace period. However, any stated grace period longer than five business days will be treated as five business days. The ‘D’ rating also will be used upon the filing of a bankruptcy petition or the taking of a similar action and where default on an obligation is a virtual certainty, for example due to automatic stay provisions. An obligation’s rating is lowered to ‘D’ if it is subject to a distressed exchange offer.

SPUR (S&P Underlying Rating)

A SPUR rating is an opinion about the stand-alone capacity of an obligor to pay debt service on a credit-enhanced debt issue, without giving effect to the enhancement that applies to it. These ratings are published only at the request of the debt issuer/obligor with the designation SPUR to distinguish them from the credit-enhanced rating that applies to the debt issue. S&P maintains surveillance of an issue with a published SPUR.

 

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APPENDIX B

HIGHLAND CAPITAL MANAGEMENT FUND ADVISORS, L.P.

POLICY REGARDING PROXY VOTING

Purpose and Scope

The purpose of these voting policies and procedures (the “Policy”) is to set forth the principles and procedures by which HCMLP (the “Company”) votes or gives consents with respect to the securities owned by Clients for which the Company exercises voting authority and discretion.1 For avoidance of doubt, this includes any proxy and any shareholder vote or consent, including a vote or consent for a private company or other issuer that does not involve a proxy. These policies and procedures have been designed to help ensure that votes are cast in the best interests of Clients in accordance with the Company’s fiduciary duties and Rule 206(4)-6 under the Investment Advisers Act of 1940 (the “Advisers Act”).

This Policy applies to securities held in all Client accounts (including Retail Funds and other pooled investment vehicles) as to which the Company has explicit or implicit voting authority. Implicit voting authority exists where the Company’s voting authority is implied by a general delegation of investment authority without reservation of proxy voting authority to the Client.

If the Company has delegated voting authority to an investment sub-adviser with respect to any Retail Fund, such sub-adviser will be responsible for voting all proxies for such Retail Funds in accordance with the sub-adviser’s proxy voting policies. The Compliance Department, to provide oversight over the proxy voting by sub-advisers and to ensure that votes are executed in the best interests of the Retail Funds, shall (i) review the proxy voting policies and procedures of each Retail Fund sub-adviser to confirm that they comply with Rule 206(4)-6, both upon engagement of the sub-adviser and upon any material change to the sub-adviser’s proxy voting policies and procedures, and (ii) require each such sub-adviser to provide quarterly certifications that all proxies were voted pursuant to the sub-adviser’s policies and procedures or to describe any inconsistent votes.

General Principles

The Company and its affiliates engage in a broad range of activities, including investment activities for their own accounts and for the accounts of various Clients and providing investment advisory and other services to Clients. In the ordinary course of conducting the Company’s activities, the interests of a Client may conflict with the interests of the Company, other Clients and/or the Company’s affiliates and their clients. Any conflicts of interest relating to the voting of proxies, regardless of whether actual or perceived, will be addressed in accordance with these policies and procedures. The guiding principle by which the Company votes all proxies is to vote in the best interests of each Client by maximizing the economic value of the relevant Client’s holdings, taking into account the relevant Client’s investment horizon, the contractual obligations under the relevant advisory agreements or comparable documents and all other relevant facts and circumstances at the time of the vote. The Company does not permit voting decisions to be influenced in any manner that is contrary to, or dilutive of, this guiding principle.

 

1 

In any case where a Client has instructed the Company to vote in a particular manner on the Client’s behalf, those instructions will govern in lieu of parameters set forth in the Policy.

Voting Procedures

Third-Party Proxy Advisors

The Company may engage a third-party proxy advisor (“Proxy Advisor”) to provide proxy voting recommendations with respect to Client proxies. Proxy Advisor voting recommendation guidelines are generally designed to increase investors’ potential financial gain. When considering whether to retain or continue retaining any particular Proxy Advisor, the Compliance Department will ascertain, among other things, whether the Proxy Advisor has the capacity and competency to adequately analyze proxy issues. In this regard, the Compliance Department will consider, among other things: the adequacy and quality of the Proxy Advisor’s staffing and personnel; the robustness of its policies and procedures regarding its ability to (a) ensure that its proxy voting recommendations are based on current and accurate information and (b) identify and address any conflicts of interest and any other considerations that the Compliance Department determines would be appropriate in considering the nature and quality of the services provided by the Proxy Advisor. To identify and address any conflicts that may arise on the part of the Proxy Advisor, the Compliance Department will ensure that the Proxy Advisor notifies the Compliance Department of any relevant business changes or changes to its policies and procedures regarding conflicts.

 

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Third-Party Proxy Voting Services

The Company may utilize a third-party proxy voting service (“Proxy Voting Service”) to monitor holdings in Client accounts for purposes of determining whether there are upcoming shareholder meetings or similar corporate actions and to execute Client proxies on behalf of the Company pursuant to the Company’s instructions, which shall be given in a manner consistent with this Policy. The Compliance Department will oversee each Proxy Voting Service to ensure that proxies have been voted in a manner consistent with the Company’s instructions.

Monitoring

Subject to the procedures regarding Nonstandard Proxy Notices described below, the Compliance Department of the Company shall have responsibility for monitoring Client accounts for proxy notices. Except as detailed below, if proxy notices are received by other employees of the Company, such employees must promptly forward all proxy or other voting materials to the Compliance Department.

Portfolio Manager Review and Instruction

From time to time, the settlement group of the Company may receive nonstandard proxy notices, regarding matters including, but not limited to, proposals regarding corporate actions or amendments (“Nonstandard Proxy Notices”) with respect to securities held by Clients. Upon receipt of a Nonstandard Proxy Notice, a member of the settlement group (the “Settlement Designee”) shall send an email notification containing all relevant information to the Portfolio Manager(s) with responsibility for the security and [                .com]. Generally, the relevant Portfolio Manager(s) shall deliver voting instructions for Nonstandard Proxy Notices by replying to the email notice sent to the Portfolio Manager(s) and [                .com] by the Settlement Designee or by sending voting instructions to [                .com] and copying [                .com]. Any conflicts for Nonstandard Proxy Notices should also be disclosed to the Compliance Department. In the event a Portfolio Manager orally conveys voting instructions to the Settlement Designee or any other member of the Company’s settlement group, that Settlement Designee or member of the Company’s settlement group shall respond to the original notice email sent to [                .com] detailing the Portfolio Manager(s) voting instructions.

With regard to standard proxy notices, on a weekly basis, the Compliance Department will send a notice of upcoming proxy votes related to securities held by Clients and the corresponding voting recommendations of the Proxy Advisor to the relevant Portfolio Manager(s). Upon receipt of a proxy notice from the Compliance Department, the Portfolio Manager(s) will review and evaluate the upcoming votes and recommendations. The Portfolio Managers may rely on any information and/or research available to him or her and may, in his or her discretion, meet with members of an issuer’s management to discuss matters of importance to the relevant Clients and their economic interests. Should the Portfolio Manager determine that deviating from the Proxy Advisor’s recommendation is in a Client’s best interest, the Portfolio Manager shall communicate his or her voting instructions to the Compliance Department.

In the event that more than one Portfolio Manager is responsible for making a particular voting decision and such Portfolio Managers are unable to arrive at an agreement as to how to vote with respect to a particular proposal, they should consult with the applicable Chief Compliance Officer (the “CCO”) for guidance.

Voting

Upon receipt of the relevant Portfolio Managers’ voting instructions, if any, the Compliance Department will communicate the instructions to the Proxy Voting Service to execute the proxy votes.

Non-Votes

It is the general policy of the Company to vote or give consent on all matters presented to security holders in any vote, and these policies and procedures have been designated with that in mind. However, the Company reserves the right to abstain on any particular vote if, in the judgment of the CCO, or the relevant Portfolio Manager, the effect on the relevant Client’s economic interests or the value of the portfolio holding is insignificant in relation to the Client’s portfolio, if the costs associated with voting in any particular instance outweigh the benefits to the relevant Clients or if the circumstances make such an abstention or withholding otherwise advisable and in the best interests of the relevant Clients not to vote. Such determination may apply in respect of all Client holdings of the securities or only certain specified Clients, as the Company deems appropriate under the circumstances. As examples, a Portfolio Manager may determine: (a) not to recall securities on loan if, in his or her judgment, the matters being voted upon are not material events affecting the securities and the negative consequences to Clients of disrupting the securities lending program would outweigh the benefits of voting in the particular instance or (b) not to vote proxies relating to certain foreign securities if, in his or her judgment, the expense and administrative inconvenience outweighs the benefits to Clients of voting the securities.

 

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Conflicts of Interest

The Company’s Compliance Department is responsible for monitoring voting decisions for any conflicts of interest, regardless of whether they are actual or perceived. All voting decisions contrary to the recommendation of a Proxy Advisor require a mandatory conflicts of interest review by the Compliance Department, which will include a consideration of whether the Company or any Portfolio Manager or other person recommending or providing input on how to vote has an interest in the vote that may present a conflict of interest.

In addition, all Company investment professionals are expected to perform their tasks relating to the voting of proxies in accordance with the principles set forth above, according the first priority to the best interest of the relevant Clients. If at any time a Portfolio Manager or any other investment professional becomes aware of a potential or actual conflict of interest regarding any particular voting decision, he or she must contact the Compliance Department promptly and, if in connection with a proxy that has yet to be voted, prior to such vote. If any investment professional is pressured or lobbied, whether from inside or outside the Company, with respect to any particular voting decision, he or she should contact the Compliance Department promptly. The CCO will use his or her best judgment to address any such conflict of interest and ensure that it is resolved in accordance with his or her independent assessment of the best interests of the relevant Clients.

In the event of a conflict, the Company may choose to address such conflict by: (i) voting in accordance with the Proxy Advisor’s recommendation; (ii) the CCO determining how to vote the proxy (if the CCO approves deviation from the Proxy Advisor’s recommendation, then the CCO shall document the rationale for the vote); (iii) “echo voting” or “mirror voting” the proxy in the same proportion as the votes of other proxy holders that are not Clients; or (iv) with respect to Clients other than Retail Funds, notifying the affected Client of the material conflict of interest and seeking a waiver of the conflict or obtaining such Client’s voting instructions. Where the Compliance Department deems appropriate, third parties may be used to help resolve conflicts. In this regard, the CCO or his or her delegate shall have the power to retain fiduciaries, consultants or professionals to assist with voting decisions and/or to delegate voting or consent powers to such fiduciaries, consultants or professionals.

Where a conflict of interest arises with respect to a voting decision for a Retail Fund, the Company shall disclose the conflict and the rationale for the vote taken to the Retail Fund’s Board of Directors/Trustees at the next regularly scheduled quarterly meeting. The Compliance Department will maintain a log documenting the basis for the decision and will furnish the log to the Board of Trustees.

Material Conflicts of Interest

The following relationships or circumstances are examples of situations that may give rise to a material conflict of interest for purposes of this Policy. This list is not exclusive or determinative; any potential conflict (including payments of the types described below but less than the specified threshold) should be identified to the Company’s Compliance Department:

 

  (i)

The issuer is a Client of the Company, or of an affiliate, accounting for more than 5% of the Company’s or affiliate’s annual revenues.

 

  (ii)

The issuer is an entity that reasonably could be expected to pay the Company or its affiliates more than $1 million through the end of the Company’s next two full fiscal years.

 

  (iii)

The issuer is an entity in which a “Covered Person” (as defined in the Company’s Policies and Procedures Designed to Detect and Prevent Insider Trading and to Comply with Rule 17j-1 of the Investment Company Act of 1940, as amended (the “Code of Ethics”)) has a beneficial interest contrary to the position held by the Company on behalf of Clients.

 

  (iv)

The issuer is an entity in which an officer or partner of the Company or a relative of any such person is or was an officer, director or employee, or such person or relative otherwise has received more than $150,000 in fees, compensation and other payment from the issuer during the Company’s last three fiscal years; provided, however, that the Compliance Department may deem such a relationship not to be a material conflict of interest if the Company representative serves as an officer or director of the issuer at the direction of the Company for purposes of seeking control over the issuer.

 

  (v)

The matter under consideration could reasonably be expected to result in a material financial benefit to the Company or its affiliates through the end of the Company’s next two full fiscal years (for example, a vote to increase an investment advisory fee for a Retail Fund advised by the Company or an affiliate).

 

  (vi)

Another Client or prospective Client of the Company, directly or indirectly, conditions future engagement of the Company on voting proxies in respect of any Client’s securities on a particular matter in a particular way.

 

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  (vii)

The Company holds various classes and types of equity and debt securities of the same issuer contemporaneously in different Client portfolios.

 

  (viii)

Any other circumstance where the Company’s duty to serve its Clients’ interests, typically referred to as its “duty of loyalty,” could be compromised.

Notwithstanding the foregoing, a conflict of interest described above shall not be considered material for the purposes of this Policy in respect of a specific vote or circumstance if:

The securities in respect of which the Company has the power to vote account for less than 1% of the issuer’s outstanding voting securities, but only if: (i) such securities do not represent one of the 10 largest holdings of such issuer’s outstanding voting securities and (ii) such securities do not represent more than 2% of the Client’s holdings with the Company.

The matter to be voted on relates to a restructuring of the terms of existing securities or the issuance of new securities or a similar matter arising out of the holding of securities, other than common equity, in the context of a bankruptcy or threatened bankruptcy of the issuer.

Recordkeeping

Following the submission of a proxy vote, the Fund will maintain a report of the vote and all relevant documentation.

The Fund shall retain records relating to the voting of proxies and the Company shall conduct due diligence, including on Proxy Voting Services and Proxy Advisors, as applicable, to ensure the following records are adequately maintained by the appropriate party:

 

  (i)

Copies of this Policy and any amendments thereto.

 

  (ii)

A current copy of the Proxy Advisor’s voting guidelines, as amended.

 

  (iii)

A copy of each proxy statement that the Company receives regarding Client securities. The Company may rely on a third party to make and retain, on the Company’s behalf, a copy of a proxy statement, provided that the Company has obtained an undertaking from the third party to provide a copy of the proxy statement promptly upon request.

 

  (iv)

Records of each vote cast by the Company on behalf of Clients. The Company may satisfy this requirement by relying on a third party to make and retain, on the Company’s behalf, a record of the vote cast, provided that the Company has obtained an undertaking from the third party to provide a copy of the record promptly upon request.

 

  (v)

A copy of any documents created by the Company that were material to making a decision how to vote or that memorializes the basis for that decision.

 

  (vi)

A copy of each written request for information on how the Company voted proxies on behalf of the Client, and a copy of any written response by the Company to any (oral or written) request for information on how the Company voted.

These records shall be maintained and preserved in an easily accessible place for a period of not less than five years from the end of the Company’s fiscal year during which the last entry was made in the records, the first two years in an appropriate office of the Company.1

 

1 

If the Company has essentially immediate access to a book or record (on the Company’s proprietary system or otherwise) through a computer located at an appropriate office of the Company, then that book or record will be considered to be maintained at an appropriate office of the Company. “Immediate access” to books and records includes that the Company has the ability to provide promptly to Securities and Exchange Commission (the “SEC”) examination staff hard copies of the books and records or access to the storage medium. The party responsible for the applicable books and records as described above shall also be responsible for ensuring that those books and records for the first two years are either physically maintained in an appropriate office of the Company or that the Company otherwise has essentially immediate access to the required books and records for the first two years.

Enforcement of this Policy

It shall be the responsibility of the Compliance Department to handle or coordinate the enforcement of this Policy. The Compliance Department will periodically sample proxy voting records to ensure that proxies have been voted in accordance with this Policy, with a particular focus on any proxy votes that require additional analysis (e.g., proxies voted contrary to the recommendations of a Proxy Advisor).

 

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If the Compliance Department determines that a Proxy Advisor or Proxy Voting Service may have committed a material error, the Compliance Department will investigate the error, taking into account the nature of the error, and seek to determine whether the Proxy Advisor or Proxy Voting Service is taking reasonable steps to reduce similar errors in the future.

In addition, no less frequently than annually, the Compliance Department will review the adequacy of this Policy to ensure that it has been implemented effectively and to confirm that this Policy continues to be reasonably designed to ensure that proxies are voted in the best interest of Clients.

Disclosures to Clients and Investors

The Company includes a description of its policies and procedures regarding proxy voting in Part 2 of Form ADV, along with a statement that Clients can contact the CCO to obtain a copy of these policies and procedures and information about how the Company voted with respect to a Client’s securities. This Policy is, however, subject to change at any time without notice.

As a matter of policy, the Company does not disclose how it expects to vote on upcoming proxies. Additionally, the Company does not disclose the way it voted proxies to unaffiliated third parties without a legitimate need to know such information.

 

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PART C: Other Information

 

Item 25.

Financial Statements and Exhibits

1. Financial Statements

Part A — Financial Highlights.

Part B — Audited financial statements for the year ended September 30, 2018 are incorporated by reference herein to the Fund’s annual report for the year ended September 30, 2018.

2. Exhibits

 

(a)(1)    Amended and Restated Agreement and Declaration of Trust, dated August 17, 2017, incorporated by reference to the Fund’s Registration Statement on Form N-2 filed with the Commission on February 11, 2019 (Accession No: 0001193125-19-034189).
(a)(2)    Amendment No. 1, dated August 6, 2018, to the Amended and Restated Agreement and Declaration of Trust of the Registrant, dated August, 17, 2017, incorporated by reference to the Fund’s Registration Statement on Form N-2 filed with the Commission on February 11, 2019 (Accession No: 0001193125-19-034189).
(a)(3)    Amendment No. 2, dated November 8, 2018, to the Amended and Restated Agreement and Declaration of Trust of the Registrant, dated August 17, 2017, incorporated by reference to the Fund’s Registration Statement on Form N-2 filed with the Commission on February 11, 2019 (Accession No: 0001193125-19-034189).
(b)    Amended and Restated By-laws of the Registrant, dated October 19, 2018, incorporated by reference to the Fund’s Registration Statement on Form N-2 filed with the Commission on February 11, 2019 (Accession No: 0001193125-19-034189).
(c)    Not applicable.
(d)    Article III (shares), Article V (voting powers & meetings), Article VI (distributions, redemptions and repurchases), Section 4 (indemnification) of Article VIII and Sections 1 (limitation of personal liability), 4 (duration and termination), 5 (mergers, sales, and other reorganizations), 7 (choice of law) and 8 (amendments) of Article IX of the Registrant’s Amended and Restated Agreement and Declaration of Trust dated August 17, 2017, is incorporated by reference to Exhibit (a)(1).
(e)    Dividend Reinvestment Plan, incorporated by reference to the Fund’s Registration Statement on Form N-2 filed with the Commission on February 11, 2019 (Accession No: 0001193125-19-034189).
(f)    Not applicable.
(g)    Form of Investment Advisory Agreement, incorporated by reference to the Fund’s Registration Statement on Form N-2 filed with the Commission on February 11, 2019 (Accession No: 0001193125-19-034189).
(h)    Not applicable.
(i)    Not applicable.
(j)(1)    Master Custodian Agreement with The Bank of New York Mellon dated October 3, 2018, filed herewith.
(j)(1)(i)    Amendment to the Master Custodian Agreement with Bank of New York Mellon dated April 8, 2019 between Highland Global Allocation Fund and The Bank of New York Mellon, filed herewith.
(k)(1)    Master Administration Agreement with SEI Investments Global Funds Services, dated July 23, 2018, incorporated by reference to the Fund’s Registration Statement on Form N-2 filed with the Commission on February 11, 2019 (Accession No: 0001193125-19-034189).
(k)(2)    Transfer Agency and Service Agreement with American Stock Transfer & Trust Company LLC, dated August 8, 2018, incorporated by reference to the Fund’s Registration Statement on Form N-2 filed with the Commission on February 11, 2019 (Accession No: 0001193125-19-034189).
(k)(3)    Securities Lending and Service Agreement, incorporated by reference to the Fund’s Registration Statement on Form N-2 filed with the Commission on February 11, 2019 (Accession No: 0001193125-19-034189).
(k)(3)(i)    Form of Amendment to the Securities Lending and Service Agreement, incorporated by reference to the Fund’s Registration Statement on Form N-2 filed with the Commission on February 11, 2019 (Accession No: 0001193125-19-034189).

 

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(k)(4)    Securities Lending Authorization Agreement, incorporated by reference to the Fund’s Registration Statement on Form N-2 filed with the Commission on February 11, 2019 (Accession No: 0001193125-19-034189).
(k)(4)(i)    First Amendment to Securities Lending Authorization Agreement, incorporated by reference to the Fund’s Registration Statement on Form N-2 filed with the Commission on February 11, 2019 (Accession No: 0001193125-19-034189).
(k)(4)(ii)    Form of Amendment to Securities Lending Authorization Agreement, incorporated by reference to the Fund’s Registration Statement on Form N-2 filed with the Commission on February 11, 2019 (Accession No: 0001193125-19-034189).
(k)(5)    Lending Agreement with BNP Paribas, acting through its New York Branch (“BNPP NY”) on behalf of itself and as agent for the BNPP Entities, incorporated by reference to the Fund’s Registration Statement on Form N-2 filed with the Commission on February 11, 2019 (Accession No: 0001193125-19-034189).
(l)(1)    Opinion of Legal Counsel, to be filed by amendment.
(l)(2)    Consent of Legal Counsel, filed herewith.
(m)    Not applicable.
(n)    Consent of Independent Registered Public Accounting Firm, to be filed by amendment.
(o)    Not applicable.
(p)    Not applicable.
(q)    Not applicable.
(r)(1)    Code of Ethics of the Registrant, incorporated by reference to the Fund’s Registration Statement on Form N-2 filed with the Commission on February 11, 2019 (Accession No: 0001193125-19-034189).
(r)(2)    Code of Ethics of Highland Capital Management Fund Advisors, L.P., incorporated by reference to the Fund’s Registration Statement on Form N-2 filed with the Commission on February 11, 2019 (Accession No: 0001193125-19-034189).
(s)    Powers of Attorney for Dr. Bob Froehlich, John Honis, Bryan A. Ward, Ethan Powell, and Dustin Norris, incorporated by reference to the Fund’s Registration Statement on Form N-2 filed with the Commission on February 11, 2019 (Accession No: 0001193125-19-034189).

 

Item 26.

Marketing Arrangements

Not applicable.

 

Item 27.

Other Expenses of Issuance and Distribution

The following table sets forth the estimated expenses to be incurred in connection with all offerings described in this Registration Statement:

 

Legal Fees

   $ 165,000  

Subscription Agent

     60,000  

Information Agent

     25,000  

Printing and Mailing

     50,000  

NYSE Listing Fee

     50,000  

SEC Registration Fee

     42,420  

FINRA Fee

     —    

Other

     15,000  

Total

   $ 407,420  

Note: All amounts are estimates.

 

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Item 28.

Persons Controlled by or Under Common Control with the Registrant

Not applicable.

 

Item 29.

Number of Holders of Shares

As of March 31, 2019:

 

Title of Class

   Number of
Registered Holders
 

Common Shares

     7,720  

 

Item 30.

Indemnification

Article VIII of the Registrant’s Amended and Restated Agreement and Declaration of Trust provides as follows:

Section 1. Trustees, Officers, etc. The Trust shall indemnify each of its Trustees and officers (including persons who serve at the Trust’s request as directors, officers or trustees of another organization in which the Trust has any interest as a shareholder, creditor or otherwise) (hereinafter referred to as a “Covered Person”) against all liabilities and expenses, including but not limited to amounts paid in satisfaction of judgments, in compromise or as fines and penalties, and counsel fees reasonably incurred by any Covered Person in connection with the defense or disposition of any threatened, pending or contemplated action, suit or other proceeding, whether civil, criminal, administrative, arbitrative or investigative and whether formal or informal before any court or administrative or legislative or other body, in which such Covered Person may be or may have been involved as a party or otherwise or with which such Covered Person may be or may have been threatened, while in office or thereafter, by reason of any alleged act or omission as a Trustee or officer or by reason of his or her being or having been such a Covered Person except with respect to any matter as to which such Covered Person shall have been finally adjudicated in any such action, suit or other proceeding (a) not to have acted in good faith, (b) not to have acted in the reasonable belief that such Covered Person’s action was in (or not opposed to) the best interests of the Trust, (c) in the case of a criminal proceeding, to have had reasonable cause to believe his or her action was unlawful or (d) to be liable to the Trust or its Shareholders by reason of willful misfeasance, bad faith, gross negligence or reckless disregard of the duties involved in the conduct of such Covered Person’s office (each of such exceptions being referred to hereinafter as “Disabling Conduct”). Expenses, including counsel fees so incurred by any such Covered Person (but excluding amounts paid in satisfaction of judgments, in compromise or as fines or penalties), shall be paid from time to time by the Trust in advance of the final disposition of any such action, suit or proceeding upon receipt of an undertaking by or on behalf of such Covered Person to repay amounts so paid to the Trust if it is ultimately determined that indemnification of such expenses is not authorized under this Article, provided, however, that either (a) such Covered Person shall have provided appropriate security for such undertaking, (b) the Trust shall be insured against losses arising from any such advance payments or (c) either a majority of the disinterested Trustees acting on the matter (provided that a majority of the disinterested Trustees then in office act on the matter), or independent legal counsel in a written opinion, shall have determined, based upon a review of readily available facts (as opposed to a full trial type inquiry) that there is reason to believe that such Covered Person will be found entitled to indemnification under this Article. For purposes of the determination or opinion referred to in clause (c), the majority of the disinterested Trustees acting on the matter or independent legal counsel, as the case may be, shall afford the Covered Person a rebuttable presumption that the Covered Person did not engage in Disabling Conduct.

Section 2. Compromise Payment. As to any matter disposed of (whether by a compromise payment, pursuant to a consent decree or otherwise) without an adjudication by a court, or by any other body before which the action, suit or proceeding was brought, that such Covered Person engaged in Disabling Conduct, indemnification shall be provided if (a) approved as in the best interests of the Trust, after notice that it involves such indemnification, by at least a majority of the disinterested Trustees acting on the matter (provided that a majority of the disinterested Trustees then in office act on the matter) upon a determination, based upon a review of readily available facts (as opposed to a full trial type inquiry) that such Covered Person did not engage in Disabling Conduct, or (b) there has been obtained an opinion in writing of independent legal counsel, based upon a review of readily available facts (as opposed to a full trial type inquiry) to the effect that such Covered Person did not engage in Disabling Conduct. Any approval pursuant to this Section shall not prevent the recovery from any Covered Person of any amount paid to such Covered Person in accordance with this Section as indemnification if such Covered Person is subsequently adjudicated by a court of competent jurisdiction to have engaged in Disabling Conduct.

Section 3. Right Not Exclusive. The right of indemnification hereby provided shall not be exclusive of or affect any other rights to which any such Covered Person may be entitled. As used in this Article VIII, the term “Covered Person” shall include such person’s heirs, executors and administrators and a “disinterested Trustee” is a Trustee who is not an “interested person” of the Trust as defined in Section 2(a)(19) of the 1940 Act (or who has been exempted from being an “interested person” by any rule, regulation or order of the Securities and Exchange Commission) and against whom none of the actions, suits or other proceedings in question or another

 

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action, suit or other proceeding on the same or similar grounds is then or has been pending. Nothing contained in this Article shall affect any rights to indemnification to which personnel of the Trust, other than Trustees or officers, and other persons may be entitled by contract or otherwise under law, nor the power of the Trust to purchase and maintain liability insurance on behalf of any such person.

Section 4. Shareholders. In case any Shareholder or former Shareholder shall be held to be personally liable solely by reason of his or her being or having been a Shareholder of the Trust or of a particular series or class and not because of his or her acts or omissions or for some other reason, the Shareholder or former Shareholder (or his or her heirs, executors, administrators or other legal representative or, in the case of a corporation or other entity, its corporate or other general successor) shall be entitled out of the assets of the series (or attributable to the class) of which he or she is a Shareholder or former Shareholder to be held harmless from and indemnified against all loss and expense arising from such liability.

 

Item 31.

Business and Other Connections of the Investment Adviser

(a) The description of the business of HCMFA, the investment adviser, is set forth under the caption “Management of the Funds” in the Prospectus and under the caption “Management” in the SAI, each forming part of this Registration Statement. The information as to other businesses, if any, and the directors and officers of HCMFA is set forth in its Form ADV, as filed with the SEC through the Investment Adviser Registration Depository (IARD) on March 29, 2018 (CRD No. 149653) and as amended through the date hereof, and is incorporated herein by reference.

(b) NexPoint Advisors, L.P., Highland Capital Management, L.P. (“HCM”) and NexBank Securities, Inc. (“NSI”), each with its principal place of business located at 300 Crescent Court, Suite 700, Dallas, Texas 75201, are registered investment advisers affiliated with HCMFA.

The following person is a non-executive officer of HCM:

(1) Thomas Surgent, Chief Compliance Officer

The following persons are executive officers of the general partner of HCM and Strand Advisors, Inc.:

(1) James Dondero, President

(2) Mark Okada, Executive Vice President

(3) Scott Ellington, Secretary

(4) Frank Waterhouse, Treasurer

(5) Trey Parker, Assistant Secretary

The following person is a non-executive officer of NexPoint Advisors, L.P. and HCMFA:

(1) Jason Post, Chief Compliance Officer

The following persons are executive officers of the general partner of NexPoint Advisors, L.P. and NexPoint Advisors GP, LLC:

(1) James Dondero, President

(2) Trey Parker, Executive Vice President

(3) Frank Waterhouse, Treasurer

(4) Dustin Norris, Secretary

The following person is a non-executive officer of NSI:

(1) Eric Holt, Chief Compliance Officer

(2) Stacy Hodges, Financial and Operations Principal

The following persons are executive officers of NSI:

(1) Craig Campbell, President

 

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Item 32.

Location of Accounts and Records

(1) American Stock Transfer & Trust Company, LLC, 6201 15th Avenue, Brooklyn, NY 11219 (records relating to its function as transfer agent).

(2) Bank of New York Mellon, 240 Greenwich Street, New York, New York 10286 (records relating to its function as custodian).

(3) SEI Investments Global Funds Services, One Freedom Valley Drive, Oaks, Pennsylvania 19456 (records relating to its function as administrator).

(4) Highland Capital Management Fund Advisors, L.P., 200 Crescent Court, Suite 700, Dallas, Texas 75201 (records relating to its function as adviser).

 

Item 33.

Management Services

Not Applicable.

 

Item 34.

Undertakings

(1) The Registrant hereby undertakes to suspend the offering of its shares until it amends its prospectus if (a) subsequent to the effective date of its Registration Statement, the net asset value declines more than 10 percent from its net asset value as of the effective date of the Registration Statement, or (b) the net asset value increases to an amount greater than its net proceeds as stated in the prospectus.

(2) The Registrant undertakes to file a post-effective amendment to the registration statement, and to suspend any offers or sales pursuant to the registration statement until such post-effective amendment has been declared effective under the 1933 Act, in the event the shares of the Registrant are trading below its net asset value and either (i) the Registrant receives, or has been advised by its independent registered accounting firm that it will receive, an audit report reflecting substantial doubt regarding the registrant’s ability to continue as a going concern; or (ii) the Registrant has concluded that a material adverse change has occurred in its financial position or results of operations that has caused the financial statements and other disclosures on the basis of which the offering would be made to be materially misleading.

(3) If the securities being registered are to be offered to existing shareholders pursuant to rights, and any securities not taken by shareholders are to be reoffered to the public, the Registrant undertakes to supplement the prospectus, after the expiration of the subscription period, to set forth the results of the subscription offer, the transactions by underwriters during the subscription period, the amount of unsubscribed securities to be purchased by underwriters, and the terms of any subsequent reoffering thereof. If any public offering by the underwriters of the securities being registered is to be made on terms differing from those set forth on the cover page of the prospectus, the Registrant further undertakes to file a post-effective amendment to set forth the terms of such offering. (3)

(4) The Registrant undertakes:

(a) to file, during any period in which offers or sales are being made, a post-effective amendment to this Registration Statement:

(1) to include any prospectus required by Section 10(a)(3) of the 1933 Act;

(2) to reflect in the prospectus any facts or events arising after the effective date of the registration statement (or the most recent post-effective amendment thereof) which, individually or in the aggregate, represent a fundamental change in the information set forth in the registration statement; and

(3) to include any material information with respect to the plan of distribution not previously disclosed in the registration statement or any material change to such information in the registration statement;

(b) that, for the purpose of determining liability under the 1933 Act, each such post-effective amendment shall be deemed to be a new registration statement relating to the securities offered therein, and the offering of those securities at that time shall be deemed to be the initial bona fide offering thereof; and

(c) to remove from registration by means of a post-effective amendment any of the securities being registered which remain unsold at the termination of the offering;

(d) that, for the purpose of determining liability under the 1933 Act to any purchaser, if the Registrant is subject to Rule 430C; each prospectus filed pursuant to Rule 497(b), (c), (d) or (e) under the 1933 Act, shall be deemed to be part of and included in this registration statement as of the date it is first used after effectiveness. Provided, however, that no statement made in this registration statement or prospectus that is part of this registration statement or made in a document incorporated or deemed

 

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incorporated by reference into this registration statement or prospectus that is art of this registration statement will, as to a purchaser with a time of contract of sale prior to such first use, supersede or modify any statement that was made in this registration statement or prospectus that was part of this registration statement or made in any such document immediately prior to such date of first use;

(e) that for the purpose of determining liability of the Registrant under the 1933 Act to any purchaser in the initial distribution of securities, the undersigned Registrant undertakes that in a primary offering of securities of the undersigned Registrant pursuant to this registration statement, regardless of the underwriting method used to sell the securities to the purchaser, if the securities are offered or sold to such purchaser by means of any of the following communications, the undersigned Registrant will be a seller to the purchaser and will be considered to offer or sell such securities to the purchaser:

(1) any preliminary prospectus or prospectus of the undersigned Registrant relating to the offering required to be filed pursuant to Rule 497 under the 1933 Act;

(2) the portion of any advertisement pursuant to Rule 482 under the 1933 Act relating to the offering containing material information about the undersigned Registrant or its securities provided by or on behalf of the undersigned Registrant; and

(3) any other communication that is an offer in the offering made by the undersigned Registrant to the purchaser.

(5) The Registrant undertakes that:

(a) For the purposes of determining any liability under the Securities Act of 1933, the information omitted from the form of prospectus filed as part of a registration statement in reliance upon Rule 430A and contained in the form of prospectus filed by the Registrant under Rule 497 (h) under the 1933 Act shall be deemed to be part of the Registration Statement as of the time it was declared effective.

(b) For the purpose of determining any liability under the 1933 Act, each post-effective amendment that contains a form of prospectus shall be deemed to be a new registration statement relating to the securities offered therein, and the offering of the securities at that time shall be deemed to be the initial bona fide offering thereof.

(6) The Registrant undertakes to send by first class mail or other means designed to ensure equally prompt delivery within two business days of receipt of a written or oral request, any Statement of Additional Information.

(7) The Fund undertakes that, insofar as indemnification for liability arising under the 1933 Act may be permitted to trustees, officers and controlling persons of the Fund pursuant to the provisions described above in “Item 30—Indemnification,” or otherwise, the Fund has been advised that in the opinion of the SEC such indemnification is against public policy as expressed in the 1933 Act and is, therefore, unenforceable. In the event that a claim for indemnification against such liabilities (other than the payment by the Fund of expenses incurred or paid by a trustee, officer or controlling person of the Fund in the successful defense of any action, suit or proceeding) is asserted by such trustee, officer or controlling person in connection with the securities being registered, the Fund will, unless in the opinion of its counsel the matter has been settled by controlling precedent, submit to a court of appropriate jurisdiction the question of whether such indemnification by it is against public policy as expressed in the 1933 Act and will be governed by the final adjudication of such issue.

 

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SIGNATURES

Pursuant to the requirements of the Securities Act of 1933, as amended (the “1933 Act”) and the Investment Company Act of 1940, as amended (the “1940 Act”), the Registrant has duly caused this Registration Statement to be signed on its behalf by the undersigned, thereunto duly authorized, in the City of Dallas and the State of Texas, on the 8th day of April, 2019.

 

/s/ Frank Waterhouse

Frank Waterhouse

Principal Executive Officer, Principal

Financial Officer, Principal Accounting

Officer, and Treasurer

Pursuant to the requirements of the 1933 Act, this Registration Statement has been signed by the following persons in the capacities set forth below on the 8th day of April, 2019.

 

Signature

  

Title

   Date

/s/ Dustin Norris*

   Trustee    April 8, 2019
James Dondero      

/s/ Ethan Powell*

   Trustee    April 8, 2019
Ethan Powell      

/s/ Dr. Bob Froehlich*

   Trustee    April 8, 2019
Dr. Bob Froehlich      

/s/ John Honis*

   Trustee    April 8, 2019
John Honis      

/s/ Bryan A. Ward*

   Trustee    April 8, 2019
Bryan A. Ward      

/s/ Frank Waterhouse

   Principal Executive Officer, Principal Financial Officer, Principal Accounting Officer, and Treasurer    April 8, 2019
Frank Waterhouse   

 

* By:  

/s/ Frank Waterhouse

  Frank Waterhouse
  Attorney in Fact*
  April 8, 2019

 

*

Pursuant to powers of attorney incorporated by reference to the Fund’s Registration Statement on Form N-2 filed with the Commission on February 11, 2019 (Accession No: 0001193125-19-034189).

 

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EXHIBIT INDEX

 

EXHIBIT
NUMBER
 

DESCRIPTION

(j)(1)   Master Custodian Agreement with The Bank of New York Mellon dated October 3, 2018
(j)(1)(i)   Amendment to the Master Custodian Agreement with Bank of New York Mellon dated April 8, 2019 between Highland Global Allocation Fund and The Bank of New York Mellon
(l)(2)   Consent of Legal Counsel

 

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EX-99.(J)(1) 2 d689869dex99j1.htm MASTER CUSTODIAN AGREEMENT WITH THE BANK OF NEW YORK MELLON Master Custodian Agreement with The Bank of New York Mellon

CUSTODY AGREEMENT

by and between

EACH FUND LISTED ON ANNEX A

and

THE BANK OF NEW YORK MELLON


TABLE OF CONTENTS

 

         PAGE  

SECTION 1 – CUSTODY ACCOUNTS; INSTRUCTIONS

     1  

1.1

  Definitions      1  

1.2

  Establishment of Account      3  

1.3

  Representations and Warranties      3  

1.4

  Distributions      5  

1.5

  Authorized Instructions      5  

1.6

  Authentication      6  

1.7

  On-Line Systems      6  

SECTION 2 – CUSTODY SERVICES

     6  

2.1

  Holding Securities      6  

2.2

  Depositories      8  

2.3

  Agents      8  

2.4

  Custodian Actions without Direction      8  

2.5

  Custodian Actions with Direction      9  

2.6

  Foreign Exchange Transactions      9  

SECTION 3 – CORPORATE ACTIONS

     9  

3.1

  Custodian Notification      9  

3.2

  Direction      10  

3.3

  Voting Rights      10  

3.4

  Partial Redemptions, Payments, Etc      10  

SECTION 4 – SETTLEMENT OF TRADES

     10  

4.1

  Payments      10  

4.2

  Contractual Settlement and Income      10  

4.3

  Trade Settlement      10  

SECTION 5 – DEPOSITS AND ADVANCES

     11  

5.1

  Deposits      11  

5.2

  Sweep and Float      11  

5.3

  Overdrafts and Indebtedness      11  

5.4

  Securing Repayment      11  

5.5

  Setoff      12  

SECTION 6 – SALE AND REDEMPTION OF SHARES

     12  

6.1

  Sale of Shares      12  

6.2

  Redemption of Shares      12  

6.3

  Check Redemptions      12  

SECTION 7 – PAYMENT OF DIVIDENDS AND DISTRIBUTIONS

     12  

7.1

  Determination to Pay      12  

7.2

  Payment      12  

SECTION 8 – TAXES, REPORTS, RECORDS AND OTHER MATTERS

     13  

8.1

  Tax Obligations      13  

 

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8.2

  Pricing and Other Data      13  

8.3

  Statements and Reports      13  

8.4

  Review of Reports      14  

8.5

  Books and Records      14  

8.6

  Required Disclosure      14  

8.7

  Sanctions      15  

SECTION 9 – PROVISIONS REGARDING CUSTODIAN

     15  

9.1

  Standard of Care      15  

9.2

  Limitation of Duties and Liability      15  

9.3

  Losses      16  

9.4

  Gains      16  

9.5

  Centralized Functions      16  

9.6

  Force Majeure      17  

9.7

  Fees      17  

9.8

  Indemnification      17  

SECTION 10 – AMENDMENT; TERMINATION; ASSIGNMENT

     17  

10.1

  Amendment      17  

10.2

  Termination      17  

10.3

  Successors and Assigns      18  

SECTION 11 – ADDITIONAL PROVISIONS

     18  

11.1

  Non-Custody Assets      18  

11.2

  Appropriate Action      18  

11.3

  Governing Law      18  

11.4

  USA PATRIOT Act      18  

11.5

  Non-Fiduciary Status      19  

11.6

  Notice      19  

11.7

  Entire Agreement      19  

11.8

  Necessary Parties      19  

11.9

  Execution in Counterparts      19  

11.10

  Execution in Counterparts      19  

 

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CUSTODY AGREEMENT

CUSTODY AGREEMENT, dated as of the latest date set forth on the signature page hereto, between each management investment company listed on Annex A (each, a “Fund”) and THE BANK OF NEW YORK MELLON, a bank organized under the laws of the state of New York (the “Custodian”).

SECTION 1 – CUSTODY ACCOUNTS; INSTRUCTIONS

1.1 Definitions. Whenever used in this Agreement, the following words shall have the meanings set forth below:

’40 Act” shall have the meaning set forth in Section 1.3.

Account” or “Accounts” shall have the meaning set forth in Section 1.2.

Authorized Instructions” shall have the meaning set forth in Section 1.5.

Authorized Person” shall mean any Person authorized by a Fund to give Oral Instructions or Instructions with respect to one or more Accounts of the Fund or with respect to foreign exchange, derivative investments or information and transactional web based services provided by the Custodian or a BNY Mellon Affiliate with respect to the Fund. Authorized Persons, their signatures and the extent of their authority shall be provided by a Certificate. The Custodian may conclusively rely on the authority of an Authorized Person until it receives Written Instructions to the contrary.

BNY Mellon Affiliate” shall mean any direct or indirect subsidiary of The Bank of New York Mellon Corporation.

BNY Mellon Group” shall have the meaning set forth in Section 9.5.

Book-Entry System” shall mean the United States Federal Reserve/Treasury book-entry system for receiving and delivering securities, its successors and nominees.

Centralized Functions” shall have the meaning set forth in Section 9.5.

Certificate” shall mean any notice, instruction or other instrument in writing, authorized or required by this Agreement to be given to the Custodian, which is actually received by the Custodian by letter or facsimile transmission and signed on behalf of a Fund by an Authorized Person or a person reasonably believed by the Custodian to be an Authorized Person.

Country Risk Event” shall mean (a) issues relating to the financial infrastructure of a country, (b) issues relating to a country’s prevailing custody and settlement practices, (c) nationalization, expropriation or other governmental actions, (d) issues relating to a country’s regulation of the banking or securities industry, (e) currency controls, restrictions, devaluations, redenominations or fluctuations or (f) market conditions which materially affect the orderly execution of securities transactions or materially affect the value of securities.

 

ASP/GSP Custody


Data Providers” shall mean pricing vendors, analytics providers, brokers, dealers, investment managers, Authorized Persons, Subcustodians, Depositories and any other Person providing Market Data to the Custodian.

Data Terms Website” shall mean http://bnymellon.com/products/assetservicing/vendoragreement.pdf or any successor website the address of which is provided by the Custodian to the Funds.

Depository” shall include (a) the Book-Entry System, (b) the Depository Trust Company, (c) any other clearing agency or securities depository registered with the Securities and Exchange Commission identified to a Fund from time to time and (d) the respective successors and nominees of the foregoing.

Economic Sanctions Compliance Program” shall mean those programs, policies, procedures and measures designed to ensure compliance with, and prevent violations of, Sanctions.

Foreign Depository” shall mean (a) Euroclear, (b) Clearstream Banking, societe anonyme, (c) each Eligible Securities Depository as defined in Rule 17f-7 under the ’40 Act identified to a Fund from time to time and (d) the respective successors and nominees of the foregoing.

Instructions” shall mean Written Instructions, S.W.I.F.T., on-line communications or other method or system, each as specified by the Custodian as available for use in connection with the services hereunder.

Losses” shall mean, collectively, losses, costs, expenses, damages, liabilities and claims.

Market Data” shall mean pricing or other data related to Securities and other assets. Market Data includes but is not limited to security identifiers, valuations, bond ratings, classification data and other data received from investment managers and others.

Non-Custody Assets” shall have the meaning set forth in Section 11.1.

Operational Losses” shall have the meaning set forth in Section 2.1.

Oral Instructions” shall mean instructions expressed in spoken words received by the Custodian. Where the Custodian provides recorded lines for this purpose, such instructions must be given using such lines.

Person” or “Persons” shall mean any entity or individual.

Replacement Subcustodian” shall have the meaning set forth in Section 2.1.

Required Care” shall have the meaning set forth in Section 2.1.

Sanctions” shall mean all economic sanctions, laws, rules, regulations, executive orders and requirements administered by any governmental authority of the U.S. (including the U.S. Office of Foreign Assets Control), and the European Union (including any national jurisdiction or member state thereof), in addition to any other applicable authority with jurisdiction over a Fund.

 

2


Securities” shall include, without limitation, any common stock and other equity securities, depository receipts, limited partnership and limited liability company interests, bonds, debentures and other debt securities, notes or other obligations, and any instruments representing rights to receive, purchase or subscribe for the same, or representing any other rights or interests therein (whether represented by a certificate or held in a Depository, a Foreign Depository or with a Subcustodian or on the books of the issuer) that are acceptable to the Custodian.

Series” shall mean the various portfolios, if any, of a Fund listed on Annex A hereto, and if none are listed references to Series shall be references to the Fund.

Shares” shall have the meaning set forth in Section 6.1.

Subcustodian” shall mean a bank or other financial institution (other than a Foreign Depository) located outside the United States which is utilized by the Custodian or by a BNY Mellon Affiliate in connection with the purchase, sale or custody of Securities or cash hereunder and is identified to a Fund from time to time, and their respective successors and assigns.

Tax Obligations” shall mean taxes, withholding, certification and reporting requirements, claims for exemptions or refund, interest, penalties, additions to tax and other related expenses.

Written Instructions” shall mean written communications, including a Certificate, received by the Custodian by overnight delivery, postal services or facsimile transmission.

1.2 Establishment of Account. (a) Each Fund hereby appoints the Custodian as the custodian of all Securities and cash at any time delivered to the Custodian to be held under this Agreement. The Custodian hereby accepts such appointment and agrees to establish and maintain one or more accounts for each Series in which the Custodian will hold Securities and cash as provided herein. Such accounts (each, an “Account,” and collectively, the “Accounts”) shall be in the name of the applicable Fund. This Agreement shall constitute a separate agreement between the Custodian and each separate Fund, as if each Fund had executed a separate document with the Custodian with respect to the subject matter of this Agreement, and no Fund shall have any liability under this Agreement for the obligations of any other Fund.

(b) The Custodian may from time to time establish on its books and records such sub- accounts within each Account as a Fund and the Custodian may agree upon (each a “Special Account”), and the Custodian shall reflect therein such assets as the Fund may specify in Instructions.

(c) The Custodian may from time to time establish pursuant to a written agreement with and for the benefit of a broker, dealer, future commission merchant or other third party identified in Instructions such accounts on such terms and conditions as a Fund and the Custodian shall agree, and the Custodian shall transfer to such account such Securities and cash as the Fund may specify in Instructions.

1.3 Representations and Warranties. (A) Each Fund hereby represents and warrants, which representations and warranties shall be continuing and shall be deemed to be reaffirmed on each date that any assets of the Fund are custodied hereunder, that:

 

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(a) It is duly organized and existing under the laws of the jurisdiction of its organization, with full power to carry on its business as now conducted, to enter into this Agreement and to perform its obligations hereunder;

(b) This Agreement has been duly authorized, executed and delivered by the Fund, has been approved by a resolution of its board and constitutes a valid and legally binding obligation of the Fund, enforceable in accordance with its terms (except as may be limited by bankruptcy, insolvency or similar laws, or by equitable principles relating to or limiting creditors’ rights generally), and there is no statute, regulation, rule, order or judgment binding on it, and no provision of its charter or by-laws, nor of any mortgage, indenture, credit agreement or other contract binding on it or affecting its property, which would prohibit its execution or performance of this Agreement;

(c) It is conducting its business in substantial compliance with all applicable laws and requirements, both state and federal, with which pursuant to the terms of such law or requirement it is required to comply, and it has obtained all regulatory licenses, approvals and consents necessary to carry on its business as now conducted;

(d) It will not use the services provided by the Custodian hereunder in any manner that is, or will result in, a violation of any law, rule or regulation applicable to the Fund;

(e) Its board or its foreign custody manager, as defined in Rule 17f-5 under the Investment Company Act of 1940, as amended (the “‘40 Act”), has determined that use of each Subcustodian (including any Replacement Subcustodian) which the Custodian is authorized to utilize in accordance with this Agreement satisfies the applicable requirements of the ‘40 Act and Rule 17f-5 thereunder;

(f) The Fund or its investment adviser has determined that the custody arrangements of each Foreign Depository provide reasonable safeguards against the custody risks associated with maintaining assets with such Foreign Depository within the meaning of Rule 17f-7 under the ‘40 Act;

(g) It is fully informed of the protections and risks associated with various methods of transmitting Instructions and Oral Instructions to the Custodian, shall safeguard and treat with extreme care any user and authorization codes, passwords and/or authentication keys, understands that there may be more secure methods of transmitting or delivering the same than the methods selected by it, agrees that the security procedures (if any) to be followed in connection therewith provide a commercially reasonable degree of protection in light of its particular needs and circumstances and acknowledges and agrees that Instructions need not be reviewed by the Custodian, may conclusively be presumed by the Custodian without inquiry to have been given by person(s) duly authorized and may be acted upon as given;

(h) It shall manage its borrowings, including, without limitation, any advance or overdraft (including any day-light overdraft) in its Accounts, so that the aggregate of its total borrowings for each Series does not exceed the amount such Series is permitted to borrow under the ‘40 Act;

 

4


(i) Its transmission or giving of, and the Custodian acting upon and in reliance on, Instructions or Oral Instructions pursuant to this Agreement shall at all times comply with the ‘40 Act;

(j) It shall impose and maintain restrictions on the destinations to which cash may be disbursed by Instructions to ensure that each disbursement is for a proper purpose; and

(k) It has the right to make the pledge and grant the security interest and security entitlement to the Custodian contained in Section 5 hereof, free of any right of redemption or prior claim of any other person or entity, such pledge and such grants shall have a first priority subject to no setoffs, counterclaims or other liens or grants prior to or on a parity therewith (except as set forth in the second sentence of Section 5.4), and it shall take such additional steps as the Custodian may require to assure such priority.

(B) The Custodian hereby represents and warrants, which representations and warranties shall be continuing and shall be deemed to be reaffirmed on each date that any assets are custodied hereunder, that:

(a) It is duly organized and existing under the laws of the jurisdiction of its organization, with full power to carry on its business as now conducted, to enter into this Agreement and to perform its obligations hereunder;

(b) This Agreement has been duly authorized, executed and delivered by the Custodian, and constitutes a valid and legally binding obligation of the Custodian, enforceable in accordance with its terms (except as may be limited by bankruptcy, insolvency or similar laws, or by equitable principles relating to or limiting creditors’ rights generally), and there is no statute, regulation, rule, order or judgment binding on it, and no provision of its charter or by-laws, nor of any mortgage, indenture, credit agreement or other contract binding on it or affecting its property, which would prohibit its execution or performance of this Agreement; and

(c) It is conducting its business in substantial compliance with all applicable laws and requirements, both state and federal, with which pursuant to the terms of such law or requirement it is required to comply, and it has obtained all regulatory licenses, approvals and consents necessary to carry on its business as now conducted.

1.4 Distributions. The Custodian shall make distributions or transfers out of an Account solely pursuant to Instructions or as otherwise contemplated in this Agreement. In making payments to service providers pursuant to Instructions, each Fund acknowledges that the Custodian is acting in an administrative or in a ministerial capacity, and not as the payor, for tax information reporting and withholding purposes.

1.5 Authorized Instructions. The Custodian shall be entitled to rely upon any Oral Instructions or Instructions actually received by the Custodian and reasonably believed by the Custodian to be from an Authorized Person (“Authorized Instructions”). Notwithstanding any other provision included in this Agreement, Written Instructions relating to the disbursement of cash of a Fund other than in connection with the purchase, sale or settlement of Securities, shall be in the

 

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form of a Certificate. Each Fund agrees that an Authorized Person shall forward to the Custodian Instructions confirming Oral Instructions by the close of business of the same day that such Oral Instructions are given to the Custodian. Each Fund agrees that the fact Instructions confirming Oral Instructions are not received or that contrary Instructions are received by the Custodian shall in no way affect the validity or enforceability of transactions authorized by such Oral Instructions and effected by the Custodian.

1.6 Authentication. If the Custodian receives Instructions that reasonably appear on their face to have been transmitted by an Authorized Person via (i) facsimile or other electronic method that is not secure or (ii) secure electronic transmission containing applicable authorization codes, passwords or authentication keys, each Fund understands and agrees that the Custodian cannot determine the identity of the actual sender of such Instructions and that the Custodian acting in good faith shall be entitled to conclusively presume that such Instructions have been sent by an Authorized Person. Each Fund shall be responsible for ensuring that only its Authorized Persons transmit Instructions to the Custodian and that all of the Fund’s Authorized Persons safeguard and treat with extreme care applicable user and authorization codes, passwords and authentication keys.

1.7 On-Line Systems. If an Authorized Person elects to transmit Instructions through an on-line communication system offered by the Custodian, the use thereof shall be subject to any terms and conditions contained in a separate written agreement. If a Fund or an Authorized Person elects, with the Custodian’s prior consent, to transmit Instructions through an on-line communications service owned or operated by a third party, the Fund agrees that the Custodian shall not be responsible or liable for the reliability or availability of any such service.

SECTION 2 – CUSTODY SERVICES

2.1 Holding Securities. (a) Subject to the terms hereof, each Fund hereby authorizes the Custodian to hold any Securities in registered form in the name of the Custodian or one of its nominees. The Custodian shall be responsible for the safekeeping of the Securities and cash received by it from time to time for a Fund’s account on the terms set forth herein and shall not release or otherwise transfer such Securities or cash except as contemplated herein or in accordance with a Fund’s instructions. Securities held for a Fund hereunder shall be segregated on the Custodian’s books and records from the Custodian’s own property. The Custodian shall be entitled to utilize, subject to subsection (d) of this Section 2.1, Subcustodians, Depositories, and subject to subsection (e) of this Section 2.1, Foreign Depositories in connection with its performance hereunder. Securities and cash held through a Subcustodian shall be held subject to the terms and conditions of the Custodian’s or a BNY Mellon Affiliate’s agreements with such Subcustodian. Securities and cash deposited by the Custodian in a Depository or Foreign Depository will be held subject to the rules, terms and conditions of such entity. Subcustodians may be authorized to hold Securities in Depositories or Foreign Depositories in which such Subcustodian participates. Unless otherwise required by local law or practice or a particular subcustodian agreement, Securities deposited with Subcustodians, Depositories or Foreign Depositories will be held in a commingled account in the name of the Custodian or a BNY Mellon Affiliate for the applicable Series, provided that to the extent reasonably possible in accordance with industry standards it is made apparent that the relevant Securities or other assets deposited therein do not belong to the Custodian or the Subcustodian. The Custodian shall identify on its books and records the Securities and cash

 

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belonging to a Fund, whether held directly or indirectly through Subcustodians, Depositories or Foreign Depositories. The Custodian shall, directly or indirectly through Subcustodians, Depositories or Foreign Depositories, endeavor, to the extent feasible, to hold Securities in the country or other jurisdiction in which the principal trading market for such Securities is located, where such Securities are to be presented for cancellation and/or payment and/or registration or where such Securities are acquired. The Custodian at any time may cease utilizing any Subcustodian and/or may replace a Subcustodian with a different Subcustodian (a “Replacement Subcustodian”). In the event the Custodian selects a Replacement Subcustodian, the Custodian shall not utilize such Replacement Subcustodian until after the applicable Fund’s board or foreign custody manager has determined that utilization of such Replacement Subcustodian satisfies the requirements of the ‘40 Act and Rule 17f-5 thereunder.

(b) The Custodian shall exercise reasonable care in the selection and retention, monitoring and continued use of a Subcustodian in light of prevailing rules, terms, practices and procedures in the relevant market (“Required Care”). The Custodian shall be liable for repayment to a Fund of cash credited to an Account and cash credited to the Fund’s or the Custodian’s cash account at a Subcustodian that the Custodian is not able to recover from the Subcustodian (other than to the extent relating to a Country Risk Event). With respect to any Losses incurred by a Fund as a result of an act or the failure to act by any Subcustodian (“Operational Losses”), the Custodian shall be liable for: (i) Operational Losses with respect to Securities or cash held by the Custodian with or through a BNY Mellon Affiliate to the extent the Custodian would be liable under this Agreement if the applicable act or failure to act was that of the Custodian; and (ii) Operational Losses with respect to Securities or cash held by the Custodian with or through a Subcustodian (other than a BNY Mellon Affiliate) to the extent that such Operational Losses were directly caused by failure on the part of the Custodian to exercise Required Care; provided that in no event shall the Custodian have any liability for Operational Losses to the extent relating to a Country Risk Event. With respect to all other Operational Losses not covered by clauses (i) and (ii) (including the proviso) above, the Custodian shall take appropriate action to recover such Operational Losses from the applicable Subcustodian and the Custodian’s sole liability shall be limited to amounts recovered from such Subcustodian (exclusive of costs and expenses incurred by the Custodian); with respect to such Operational Losses, to the extent the applicable Series has not been made whole within a reasonable period of time, at such Series’ election and to the extent practicable under the circumstances and allowable under applicable law and not prohibited by the agreement between the Custodian and the Subcustodian such Series shall be subrogated to the rights of the Custodian against the Subcustodian.

(c) Unless the Custodian has received Instructions to the contrary, the Custodian shall hold Securities indirectly through a Subcustodian only if (i) the Securities are not subject to any right, charge, security interest, lien or claim of any kind in favor of such Subcustodian or its creditors or operators, including a receiver or trustee in bankruptcy or similar authority, except for a claim of payment for the safe custody or administration of Securities on behalf of the applicable Fund by such Subcustodian and (ii) beneficial ownership of the Securities is freely transferable without the payment of money or value other than for safe custody or administration.

 

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(d) With respect to each Depository, the Custodian (i) shall exercise due care in accordance with reasonable commercial standards in discharging its duties as a securities intermediary to obtain and thereafter maintain Securities or financial assets deposited or held in such Depository and (ii) will provide, promptly upon request by a Fund, such reports as are available concerning the internal accounting controls and financial strength of the Custodian.

(e) With respect to each Foreign Depository, the Custodian shall exercise reasonable care, prudence and diligence (i) to provide the Funds with an analysis of the custody risks associated with maintaining assets with the Foreign Depository and (ii) to monitor such custody risks on a continuing basis and promptly notify the Funds of any material change in such risks. Each Fund acknowledges and agrees that such analysis and monitoring shall be made on the basis of, and limited by, information gathered from Subcustodians or through publicly available information otherwise obtained by the Custodian, and shall not include any evaluation of Country Risk Events.

2.2 Depositories. The Custodian shall have no liability whatsoever for the action or inaction of a Depository or a Foreign Depository or for any Losses resulting from the maintenance of assets with a Depository or a Foreign Depository. Notwithstanding the foregoing sentence, the Custodian shall be liable for repayment to a Fund of cash credited to the Fund’s, the Custodian’s or a Subcustodian’s account at a Depository or a Foreign Depository that the Custodian is not able to recover from the Depository or Foreign Depository (other than to the extent relating to a Country Risk Event).

2.3 Agents. The Custodian may appoint agents, including BNY Mellon Affiliates, on such terms and conditions as it deems appropriate to perform its services hereunder. Except as otherwise provided herein, no such appointment shall discharge the Custodian from its obligations hereunder.

2.4 Custodian Actions without Direction. With respect to Securities held hereunder, the Custodian shall:

a. Receive all eligible income and other payments due to the Accounts;

b. Carry out any exchanges of Securities or other corporate actions not requiring discretionary decisions;

c. Facilitate access by a Fund or its designee to ballots or online systems to assist in the voting of proxies received by the Custodian in its capacity as custodian for eligible positions of Securities held in the Fund’s Accounts (excluding bankruptcy matters);

d. Forward promptly to a Fund or its designee information (or summaries of information) that the Custodian receives in its capacity as custodian from Depositories or Subcustodians concerning Securities in the Fund’s Accounts (excluding bankruptcy matters);

e. Forward promptly to a Fund or its designee an initial notice of bankruptcy cases relating to Securities held in the Fund’s Accounts and a notice of any required action related to such bankruptcy cases as may be received by the Custodian in its capacity as custodian. No further action or notification related to the bankruptcy case shall be required;

 

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f. Endorse for collection checks, drafts or other negotiable instruments; and

g. Execute and deliver, solely in its custodial capacity, certificates, documents or instruments incidental to the Custodian’s performance under this Agreement.

2.5 Custodian Actions with Direction. The Custodian shall take the following actions in the administration of the Accounts only pursuant to Authorized Instructions:

a. Settle purchases and sales of Securities and process other transactions, including free receipts and deliveries to a broker, dealer, future commission merchant or other third party specified in Instructions;

b. Take actions necessary to settle transactions in connection with futures or options contracts, short-selling programs, foreign exchange or foreign exchange contracts, swaps and other derivative investments; and

c. Deliver Securities in an Account if an Authorized Person advises the Custodian that the Fund has entered into a separate securities lending agreement, provided that the Fund executes such agreements as the Custodian may require in connection with such arrangements.

2.6 Foreign Exchange Transactions. (a) For the purpose of settling Securities and foreign exchange transactions, the applicable Fund shall provide the Custodian with sufficient immediately available funds for all transactions by such time and date as conditions in the relevant market dictate. As used herein, “sufficient immediately available funds” shall mean either (i) sufficient cash denominated in United States dollars to purchase the necessary foreign currency or (ii) sufficient applicable foreign currency, to settle the transaction. The Custodian shall provide a Fund with immediately available funds each day which result from the actual settlement of all sale transactions, based upon advices received by the Custodian from Subcustodians, Depositories and Foreign Depositories. Such funds shall be in United States dollars or such other currency as a Fund may specify to the Custodian.

(b) Any foreign exchange transaction effected by the Custodian in connection with this Agreement may be entered with the Custodian or a BNY Mellon Affiliate acting as a principal or otherwise through customary channels. A Fund may issue standing Instructions with respect to foreign exchange transactions, but the Custodian may establish rules or limitations concerning any foreign exchange facility made available to the Fund.

SECTION 3 – CORPORATE ACTIONS

3.1 Custodian Notification. The Custodian shall notify a Fund or its designee of rights or discretionary corporate actions as promptly as practicable under the circumstances, provided that the Custodian in its capacity as custodian has actually received notice of such right or discretionary corporate action from the relevant Subcustodian or Depository or issuer of the relevant Security. Without actual receipt of such notice by the Custodian in its capacity as custodian the Custodian shall have no liability for failing to so notify a Fund.

 

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3.2 Direction. Whenever there are voluntary rights that may be exercised or alternate courses of action that may be taken by reason of a Fund’s ownership of Securities, the Fund or its designee shall be responsible for making any decisions relating thereto and for directing the Custodian to act. In order for the Custodian to act, it must receive Instructions using the Custodian generated form or clearly marked as instructions for the decision at the Custodian’s offices addressed as the Custodian may from time to time reasonably request, by such time as the Custodian shall reasonably advise the Fund or its designee. If the Custodian does not receive such Instructions by such deadline, the Custodian shall not be liable for failure to take any action relating to or to exercise any rights conferred by such Securities.

3.3 Voting Rights. All voting rights with respect to Securities, however registered, shall be exercised by the applicable Fund or its designee. The Custodian will make available to a Fund proxy voting services upon the request of, and for the jurisdictions selected by, the Fund in accordance with terms and conditions to be mutually agreed upon by the Custodian and the Fund.

3.4 Partial Redemptions, Payments, Etc. The Custodian shall promptly advise the applicable Fund or its designee upon its notification in its capacity as custodian of a partial redemption, partial payment or other action with respect to a Security affecting fewer than all such Securities held within an Account. If the Custodian or any Subcustodian, Depository or Foreign Depository holds any Securities affected by one of the events described, the Custodian, Subcustodian, Depository or Foreign Depository may in good faith select the Securities to participate in such partial redemption, partial payment or other action in any non-discriminatory manner that it customarily uses to make such selection.

SECTION 4 – SETTLEMENT OF TRADES

4.1 Payments. Promptly after each purchase or sale of Securities by a Fund, an Authorized Person shall deliver to the Custodian Instructions specifying all information necessary for the Custodian to settle such purchase or sale. For the purpose of settling purchases of Securities, a Fund shall provide the Custodian with sufficient immediately available funds for all such transactions by such time and date as conditions in the relevant market dictate.

4.2 Contractual Settlement and Income. The Custodian may, as a matter of bookkeeping convenience, credit an Account with the proceeds from the sale, redemption or other disposition of Securities or interest, dividends or other distributions payable on Securities prior to its actual receipt of final payment therefor. All such credits shall be conditional until the Custodian’s actual receipt of final payment and may be reversed by the Custodian to the extent that final payment is not received. Payment with respect to a transaction will not be “final” until the Custodian shall have received immediately available funds that under applicable local law, rule and practice are irreversible and not subject to any security interest, levy or other encumbrance, and that are specifically applicable to such transaction.

4.3 Trade Settlement. Transactions will be settled using practices customary in the jurisdiction or market where the transaction occurs. Each Fund understands that when the Custodian is instructed to deliver Securities against payment, delivery of such Securities and receipt of payment therefor may not be completed simultaneously. Each Fund assumes full responsibility for all risks involved in connection with the Custodian’s delivery of Securities pursuant to Authorized Instructions in accordance with local market practice.

 

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SECTION 5 – DEPOSITS AND ADVANCES

5.1 Deposits. The Custodian may hold cash in Accounts or may arrange to have cash held by a BNY Mellon Affiliate or Subcustodian, or with a Depository or Foreign Depository. Where cash is on deposit with the Custodian, a Subcustodian or a BNY Mellon Affiliate, it will be subject to the terms of this Agreement and such deposit terms and conditions as may be issued by the Custodian or a BNY Mellon Affiliate or Subcustodian, to the extent applicable, from time to time, including rates of interest and deposit account access.

5.2 Sweep and Float. Cash may be swept as directed by a Fund or its investment adviser to investment vehicles offered by the Custodian or to other investment vehicles. Cash may be uninvested when it is received or reconciled to an Account after the deadline to be swept into a target vehicle, or when held for short periods of time related to transaction settlements. Each Fund acknowledges that, as part of the Custodian’s compensation, the Custodian will earn interest on cash balances held by the Custodian, including disbursement balances and balances arising from purchase and sale transactions, as provided in the Custodian’s indirect compensation disclosures.

5.3 Over drafts and Indebtedness. The Custodian may, in its sole discretion, advance funds in any currency hereunder. If an overdraft occurs in an Account (including, without limitation, overdrafts incurred in connection with the settlement of securities transactions, funds transfers or foreign exchange transactions) or if a Fund is for any other reason indebted to the Custodian (not to include indemnification payments contemplated under Section 9.8), the Fund agrees to repay the Custodian on demand or upon becoming aware of the amount of the advance, overdraft or indebtedness, plus accrued interest at a rate then charged by the Custodian to its institutional custody clients in the relevant currency.

5.4 Securing Repayment. In order to secure repayment of a Fund’s obligations to the Custodian (with respect to a particular Series), the Fund hereby pledges and grants to the Custodian and agrees the Custodian shall have to the maximum extent permitted by law, a continuing first lien and security interest in, and right of setoff against, all of the Fund’s right, title and interest in and to all Accounts relating to such Series and the Securities, cash and other property now or hereafter held in such Accounts (including proceeds thereof). Each Fund represents, warrants and covenants that it owns the Securities in its Accounts free and clear of all liens, claims and security interests, and that the first lien and security interest granted herein shall be subject to no setoffs, counterclaims or other liens prior to or on a parity with it in favor of any other party (other than specific liens granted preferred status by statute or as otherwise agreed in writing among the Custodian, the Fund and any relevant third party). Each Fund shall take any additional steps required to assure the Custodian of such priority security interest, including notifying third parties or obtaining their consent. The Custodian shall be entitled to collect from the Accounts sufficient cash for reimbursement, and if such cash is insufficient, to sell the Securities in the Accounts to the extent necessary to obtain such reimbursement. In this regard, the Custodian shall be entitled to all the rights and remedies of a pledgee and secured creditor under applicable laws, rules and regulations as then in effect.

 

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5.5 Setoff. The Custodian has the right to debit any cash in a Series’ Accounts for any amount payable by the Series in connection with any and all obligations of the Series to the Custodian under this Agreement. In addition to the rights of the Custodian under applicable law and other agreements, at any time when a Series shall not have honored any and all of its obligations to the Custodian with respect to this Agreement, the Custodian shall have the right without notice to the Series to retain or set-off against such obligations of the Series any cash the Custodian or a BNY Mellon Affiliate may directly or indirectly hold for the Series, and any obligations (whether or not matured) that the Custodian or a BNY Mellon Affiliate may have to the Series in any currency. Any such asset of, or obligation to, a Series may be transferred to the Custodian and any BNY Mellon Affiliate in order to effect the above rights.

SECTION 6 – SALE AND REDEMPTION OF SHARES

6.1 Sale of Shares. Whenever a Fund shall sell any shares issued by the Fund (“Shares”) it shall deliver to the Custodian Instructions specifying the amount of cash and/or Securities to be received by the Custodian for the sale of such Shares and specifically allocated to an Account for such Series. Upon receipt of such cash, the Custodian shall credit such cash to an Account in the name of the Series for which such cash was received.

6.2 Redemption of Shares. Except as provided hereinafter, whenever a Fund desires the Custodian to make payment out of the cash held by the Custodian hereunder in connection with a redemption of any Shares, it shall furnish to the Custodian Instructions specifying the total amount to be paid for such Shares. The Custodian shall make payment of such total amount to the transfer agent specified in such Instructions out of the cash held in an Account of the appropriate Series.

6.3 Check Redemptions. Notwithstanding the above provisions regarding the redemption of any Shares, whenever any Shares are redeemed pursuant to any check redemption privilege which may from time to time be offered by a Fund, the Custodian, unless otherwise instructed by Instructions, shall, upon presentment of such check, charge the amount thereof against the cash held in the Account of the Series of the Shares being redeemed, provided, that if the Fund or its agent timely advises the Custodian that such check is not to be honored, the Custodian shall return such check unpaid.

SECTION 7 – PAYMENT OF DIVIDENDS AND DISTRIBUTIONS

7.1 Determination to Pay. Whenever a Fund shall determine to pay a dividend or distribution on Shares it shall furnish to the Custodian Instructions setting forth with respect to the Series specified therein the date of the declaration of such dividend or distribution, the total amount payable and the payment date.

7.2 Payment. Upon the payment date specified in such Instructions, the Custodian shall pay out of the cash held for the account of such Series the total amount payable to the dividend agent of the Fund specified therein.

 

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SECTION 8 – TAXES, REPORTS, RECORDS AND OTHER MATTERS

8.1 Tax Obligations. Each Fund shall be liable for all taxes, assessments, duties and other governmental charges, including interest and penalties, with respect to any cash and Securities held on behalf of the Fund and any transaction related thereto. To the extent that the Custodian has received relevant and necessary information with respect to an Account, the Custodian shall perform the following services with respect to Tax Obligations:

a. The Custodian shall, upon receipt of sufficient information, file claims for exemptions or refunds with respect to withheld foreign (non-United States) taxes in instances in which such claims are appropriate;

b. The Custodian shall withhold appropriate amounts, as required by United States tax laws, with respect to amounts received on behalf of nonresident aliens upon receipt of Instructions; and

c. The Custodian shall provide to the applicable Fund such information received by the Custodian (in its capacity as custodian) that could, in the Custodian’s reasonable belief, assist the Fund or its designee in the submission of any reports or returns with respect to Tax Obligations. An Authorized Person shall inform the Custodian in writing as to which party or parties shall receive information from the Custodian.

8.2 Pricing and Other Data. In providing Market Data related to the Accounts in connection with this Agreement, the Custodian is authorized to use Data Providers. The Custodian may follow Authorized Instructions in providing pricing or other Market Data, even if such instructions direct the Custodian to override its usual procedures and Market Data sources. The Custodian shall be entitled to rely without inquiry on all Market Data (and all Authorized Instructions related to Market Data) provided to it, and the Custodian shall not be liable for any Losses incurred as a result of errors or omissions with respect to any Market Data utilized by the Custodian or a Fund hereunder. Each Fund acknowledges that certain pricing or valuation information may be based on calculated amounts rather than actual market transactions and may not reflect actual market values, and that the variance between such calculated amounts and actual market values may be material. The Custodian shall not be required to inquire into the pricing of any Securities or other assets even though the Custodian may receive different prices for the same Securities or assets. Market Data may be the intellectual property of the Data Providers, which may impose additional terms and conditions upon a Fund’s use of the Market Data. The additional terms and conditions can be found in the Data Terms Website. Each Fund agrees to those terms as they are posted in the Data Terms Website from time to time. Certain Data Providers may not permit a Fund’s directed price to be used. Performance measurement and analytic services may use different data sources than those used by the Custodian to provide Market Data for an Account, with the result that different prices and other Market Data may apply.

8.3 Statements and Reports. The Custodian shall make available to each Fund a monthly report of all transfers to or from the Fund’s Accounts and a statement of all holdings in the Fund’s Accounts as of the last business day of each month. A Fund may elect to receive certain information electronically through the Internet to an email address specified by it for such purpose;

 

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electing to use the Internet for this purpose, the Fund acknowledges that such transmissions may not be encrypted and therefore in such case would not be secure; the Fund further acknowledges that there are other risks inherent in communicating through the Internet such as the possibility of virus contamination and disruptions in service, and agrees that the Custodian shall not be responsible for any Losses suffered or incurred by the Fund or any person claiming by or through the Fund as a result of the use of such methods.

8.4 Review of Reports. If, within ninety (90) days after the Custodian makes available to a Fund a statement with respect to the Fund’s Accounts, the Fund has not given the Custodian written notice of any exception or objection thereto, the statement, absent manifest error, shall be deemed to have been approved.

8.5 Books and Records. The books and records pertaining to a Fund which are in possession of the Custodian shall be the property of the Fund. Such books and records shall be prepared and maintained as required by the ‘40 Act and the rules thereunder, and the Fund, or its authorized representatives, shall have access to such books and records during the Custodian’s normal business hours. Upon the reasonable request of a Fund, copies of the aforementioned books and records shall be provided by the Custodian to the Fund or its authorized representative; upon the reasonable request of the Fund, the Custodian shall provide in hard copy or on computer disc any records included in any such delivery which are maintained by the Custodian on a computer disc, or are similarly maintained.

8.6 Required Disclosure. With respect to Securities issued in the United States, the Shareholder Communications Act of 1985 (the “Act”) requires the Custodian to disclose to issuers, upon their request, the name, address and securities position of the Custodian’s clients who are “beneficial owners” (as defined in the Act) of the issuer’s Securities, unless the beneficial owner objects to such disclosure. The Act defines a “beneficial owner” as any person who has or shares the power to vote a security (pursuant to an agreement or otherwise) or who directs the voting of a security. Each Fund represents that it is the beneficial owner of the Securities. As beneficial owner each Fund has designated below whether it objects to the disclosure of its name, address and securities position to any United States issuer that requests such information pursuant to the Act for the specific purpose of direct communications between such issuer and the Fund.

With respect to Securities issued outside the United States, the Custodian shall disclose information required by law, regulation, rules of a stock exchange or organizational documents of an issuer. The Custodian is also authorized to supply any information regarding the Accounts that is required or requested by governmental or regulatory authorities or by any law, regulation or rules now or hereafter in effect. Each Fund agrees to supply the Custodian with any required information if it is not otherwise reasonably available to the Custodian.

Pursuant to this Section 8.6, as Beneficial Owner:

 

The Fund OBJECTS to disclosure

 

The Fund DOES NOT OBJECT to disclosure

 

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8.7 Sanctions.

(a) Throughout the term of this Agreement, each Fund (i) shall maintain, and comply with, an Economic Sanctions Compliance Program which includes measures to accomplish effective and timely scanning of all relevant data with respect to its clients and with respect to incoming or outgoing assets or transactions; (ii) shall take all steps legally required to ensure that neither the Fund nor any of its affiliates, directors, officers, employees or clients (to the extent such clients are covered by this Agreement) is an individual or entity that is, or is owned or controlled by an individual or entity that is: (A) the target of Sanctions, or (B) located, organized or resident in a country or territory that is, or whose government is, the target of Sanctions; and (iii) shall not, directly or indirectly, use its Accounts in any manner that would result in a violation of Sanctions.

(b) Each Fund will promptly provide to the Custodian such information as the Custodian reasonably requests in connection with the matters referenced in this Section 8.7, including information regarding its Accounts, the assets held or to be held in its Accounts, the source thereof, and the identity of any individual or entity having or claiming an interest therein. The Custodian may decline to act or provide services in respect of any Account, and take such other actions as it, in its reasonable discretion, deems necessary or advisable, in connection with the matters referenced in this Section 8.7. If the Custodian declines to act or provide services as provided in the preceding sentence, except as otherwise prohibited by applicable law or official request, the Custodian will inform the applicable Fund as soon as reasonably practicable.

SECTION 9 – PROVISIONS REGARDING THE CUSTODIAN

9.1 Standard of Care. In performing its duties under this Agreement, the Custodian shall exercise the standard of care and diligence that a professional custodian would observe in these affairs.

9.2 Limitation of Duties and Liability. Notwithstanding anything contained elsewhere in this Agreement, the Custodian’s liability hereunder is limited as follows:

a. The duties of the Custodian shall only be those specifically undertaken pursuant to this Agreement and shall be subject to such other limits on liability as are set out herein;

b. The Custodian shall not be liable for any Losses that are not a direct result of the Custodian’s negligence or willful misconduct;

c. The Custodian shall not be responsible for the title, validity or genuineness of any Securities or evidence of title thereto received by it or delivered by it pursuant to this Agreement or for Securities held hereunder being freely transferable or deliverable without encumbrance in any relevant market;

d. The Custodian shall not be responsible for the failure to receive payment of, or the late payment of, income or other payments due to an Account;

e. The Custodian shall have no duty to take any action to collect any amount payable on Securities in default or if payment is refused after due demand and presentment;

 

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f. The Custodian may obtain the advice of counsel and shall be fully protected with respect to anything done or omitted by it in good faith in conformity with such advice;

g. The Custodian shall have no duty or responsibility to inquire into, make recommendations, supervise or determine the suitability of any transactions affecting any Account and shall have no liability with respect to any Fund’s or any Authorized Person’s decision to invest in Securities or to hold cash in any currency;

h. The Custodian shall have no responsibility if the rules or procedures imposed by Depositories or Foreign Depositories, exchange controls, asset freezes or other laws, rules, regulations or orders at any time prohibit or impose burdens or costs on the transfer of Securities or cash to, by or for the account of a Fund; and

i. The Custodian shall have no liability for any Losses arising from the insolvency of any Person, including but not limited to a Subcustodian, Depository, Foreign Depository, broker, bank or counterparty to the settlement of a transaction or a foreign exchange transaction, except as provided in Section 2.1(b) and Section 2.2.

9.3 Losses. Under no circumstances shall the Custodian or a Fund be liable to the other or any third party for indirect, consequential or special damages, or lost profits or loss of business, arising in connection with this Agreement, even if it has been advised of the possibility of such damages.

9.4 Gains. Where an error or omission has occurred under this Agreement, the Custodian may take such remedial action as it considers appropriate under the circumstances and, provided that the applicable Fund is put in the same or equivalent position as it would have been in if the error or omission had not occurred, any favorable consequences of the Custodian’s remedial action shall be solely for the account of the Custodian, without any duty to report to the Fund any loss assumed or benefit received by it as a result of taking such action.

9.5 Centralized Functions. The Bank of New York Mellon Corporation is a global financial organization that provides services to clients through its affiliates and subsidiaries in multiple jurisdictions (the “BNY Mellon Group”). The BNY Mellon Group may centralize functions including audit, accounting, risk, legal, compliance, sales, administration, product communication, relationship management, storage, compilation and analysis of customer-related data, and other functions (the “Centralized Functions”) in one or more affiliates, subsidiaries and third-party service providers. Solely in connection with the Centralized Functions, (i) each Fund consents to the disclosure of and authorizes the Custodian to disclose information regarding the Fund and its Accounts (“Customer-Related Data”) to the BNY Mellon Group and to its third-party service providers who are subject to confidentiality obligations with respect to such information and (ii) the Custodian may store the names and business contact information of each Fund’s employees and representatives on the systems or in the records of the BNY Mellon Group or its service providers. The BNY Mellon Group may aggregate Customer-Related Data with other data collected and/or calculated by the BNY Mellon Group, and notwithstanding anything in this Agreement to the contrary the BNY Mellon Group will own all such aggregated data, provided that the BNY Mellon Group shall not distribute the aggregated data in a format that identifies Customer-Related Data with a Fund. Each Fund confirms that it is authorized to consent to the foregoing and that the disclosure and storage of information in connection with the Centralized Functions does not violate any relevant data protection legislation.

 

16


9.6 Force Majeure. Notwithstanding anything in this Agreement to the contrary, the Custodian shall not be responsible or liable for any failure to perform under this Agreement or for any Losses to any Account resulting from any event beyond the reasonable control of the Custodian.

9.7 Fees. Each Fund shall pay to the Custodian the fees and charges as may be specifically agreed upon from time to time and such other fees and charges at the Custodian’s standard rates for any additional services as may be applicable. Each Fund shall also reimburse the Custodian for reasonable out-of-pocket expenses that are a normal incident of the services provided hereunder.

9.8 Indemnification. Each Fund shall indemnify and hold harmless the Custodian from and against all Losses, including reasonable counsel fees and expenses in third party suits and in a successful defense of claims asserted by the Fund, relating to or arising out of the performance of the Custodian’s obligations under this Agreement, except to the extent resulting from the Custodian’s negligence or willful misconduct. This provision shall survive the termination of this Agreement.

SECTION 10 – AMENDMENT; TERMINATION; ASSIGNMENT

10.1 Amendment. This Agreement may be amended only by written agreement signed by the applicable parties.

10.2 Termination. A Fund or the Custodian may terminate this Agreement with respect to the Fund by giving to the other party a notice in writing specifying the date of such termination, which shall be not less than ninety (90) days after the date of such notice. Upon termination hereof, the applicable Fund shall pay to the Custodian such compensation as is due to the Custodian, and shall likewise reimburse the Custodian for other amounts payable or reimbursable to the Custodian hereunder. The Custodian shall follow such reasonable Instructions concerning the transfer of custody of records, Securities and other items as a Fund shall give; provided that (a) the Custodian shall have no liability for shipping and insurance costs associated therewith and (b) full payment shall have been made to the Custodian of its compensation, costs, expenses and other amounts to which it is entitled hereunder. If any Securities or cash remain in any Account after termination and the Custodian having carried out its obligations to transfer such items, the Custodian may deliver to the applicable Fund such Securities and cash. Provisions authorizing the disclosure of information shall survive termination of this Agreement. Except as otherwise provided herein, all obligations of the Custodian or the Fund to the other hereunder shall cease upon termination of this Agreement with respect to the Fund.

 

17


10.3 Successors and Assigns. Neither a Fund nor the Custodian may assign this Agreement without the prior written consent of the other, except that the Custodian may assign this Agreement to any BNY Mellon Affiliate with a credit rating the same or better than the Custodian on the date hereof without the need for such consent. Any entity that shall by merger, consolidation, purchase or otherwise succeed to substantially all the institutional custody business of the Custodian shall, upon such succession and without any appointment or other action by any Fund, be and become successor custodian hereunder. The Custodian agrees to provide notice of such successor custodian to the Funds. This Agreement shall be binding upon, and inure to the benefit of, each Fund and the Custodian and their respective successors and permitted assigns.

SECTION 11 – ADDITIONAL PROVISIONS

11.1 Non-Custody Assets. As an accommodation to a Fund, the Custodian may provide consolidated recordkeeping services pursuant to which the Custodian reflects on statements securities and other assets not held by, or in the custodial network of, the Custodian (“Non-Custody Assets”). Non-Custody Assets shall be designated on the Custodian’s books as “shares not held” or by other similar characterization. Each Fund acknowledges and agrees that it shall have no security entitlement against the Custodian with respect to Non-Custody Assets, that the Custodian shall rely, without independent verification, on information provided by the Fund, its designee or the entity having custody regarding Non-Custody Assets (including but not limited to positions and market valuations), and that the Custodian shall have no responsibility whatsoever with respect to Non- Custody Assets or the accuracy of any information maintained on the Custodian’s books or set forth on account statements concerning Non-Custody Assets.

11.2 Appropriate Action. The Custodian is hereby authorized and empowered, in its good faith, reasonable discretion, to take any action with respect to an Account that is necessary or appropriate in carrying out the purposes of this Agreement.

11.3 Governing Law. This Agreement shall be construed in accordance with and governed by the substantive laws of the state of New York without regard to its conflicts of law provisions. The parties consent to the jurisdiction of a state or federal court situated in New York City, New York in connection with any dispute hereunder. Each Fund and the Custodian each for itself irrevocably waives any objection it may now or hereafter have to venue in such court and any claim that a proceeding brought in such court has been brought in an inconvenient forum. The parties hereby expressly waive, to the full extent permitted by applicable law, any right to trial by jury with respect to any judicial proceeding arising from or related to this Agreement. The parties agree that the establishment and maintenance of the Accounts, and all interests, duties and obligations with respect thereto, shall be governed by the laws of the state of New York.

11.4 USA PATRIOT Act. Each Fund hereby acknowledges that the Custodian is subject to federal laws, including the Customer Identification Program (“CIP”) requirements under the USA PATRIOT Act and its implementing regulations, pursuant to which the Custodian must obtain, verify and record information that allows the Custodian to identify the Fund. Accordingly, prior to opening an Account hereunder, the Custodian will ask the applicable Fund to provide certain information including, but not limited to, the Fund’s name, physical address, tax identification number and other information that will help the Custodian to identify and verify the Fund’s identity, such as organizational documents, certificate of good standing, license to do business or other pertinent identifying information. Each Fund agrees that the Custodian cannot open an Account hereunder unless and until the Custodian verifies the applicable Fund’s identity in accordance with the Custodian’s CIP.

 

18


11.5 Non-Fiduciary Status. Each Fund hereby acknowledges and agrees that the Custodian is not a fiduciary by virtue of accepting and carrying out its obligations under this Agreement and has not accepted any fiduciary duties, responsibilities or liabilities with respect to its services hereunder.

11.6 Notices. Notices shall be in writing and shall be addressed to the Custodian or a Fund at the address set forth on the signature page or such other address as the Custodian or a Fund may designate in writing to the other. All notices shall be effective upon receipt.

11.7 Entire Agreement. This Agreement and any related fee agreement constitute the entire agreement with respect to the matters dealt with herein, and supersede all previous agreements, whether oral or written, and documents with respect to such matters.

11.8 Necessary Parties. All of the understandings, agreements, representations and warranties contained herein are solely for the benefit of the Funds and the Custodian, and there are no other parties who are intended to be benefited by this Agreement.

11.9 Execution in Counterparts. This Agreement may be executed in any number of counterparts, each of which shall be deemed an original, and said counterparts when taken together shall constitute but one and the same instrument and may be sufficiently evidenced by one set of counterparts.

11.10 Captions. The captions of this Agreement are included for convenience of reference only and in no way define or delimit any of the provisions hereof or otherwise affect their construction or effect.

[Remainder of page intentionally left blank]

 

19


IN WITNESS WHEREOF, the parties hereto have executed this Agreement as of the latest date set forth below.

 

Authorized Signer of:    Authorized Officer of:
EACH FUND LISTED ON ANNEX A    THE BANK OF NEW YORK MELLON
By:  

/s/ Frank Waterhouse

   By:   

/s/ Robert C. Jordan

Name:   Frank Waterhouse    Name:    Robert C. Jordan
Title:   Treasurer    Title:    Managing Director
Date:   9/25/2018    Date:    10/3/2018
Address for Notice:    Address for Notice:

NexPoint Advisors, L.P.

   The Bank of New York Mellon

300 Crescent Court, Suite 700

   c/o BNY Mellon Asset Servicing

Dallas, Texas 75201

   135 Santilli Highway I
     Everett, MA 02149
    

 

Attention: R-Operation    Attention: Mary F. Mitchell

 

20


ANNEX A

FUNDS

NexPoint Real Estate Strategies Fund

NexPoint Healthcare Opportunities Fund

NexPoint Latin American Opportunities Fund

NexPoint Discount Strategies Fund

NexPoint Energy and Materials Opportunities Fund

NexPoint Strategic Income Fund

NexPoint Event-Driven Fund

 

21

EX-99.(J)(1)(I) 3 d689869dex99j1i.htm AMENDMENT TO THE MASTER CUSTODIAN AGREEMENT WITH BANK OF NEW YORK MELLON Amendment to the Master Custodian Agreement with Bank of New York Mellon

EXECUTION

AMENDMENT

TO

CUSTODY AGREEMENT

This Amendment (“Amendment”) is made as of the 8th day of April, 2019, by and between each Fund listed on Annex A to the Agreement (as defined below) (each, a “Fund”) and THE BANK OF NEW YORK MELLON (“BNY Mellon”).

BACKGROUND:

 

A.

BNY Mellon and each Fund entered into a Custody Agreement dated as of October 3, 2018 (the “Agreement”) relating to BNY Mellon’s provision of services to each Fund.

 

B.

The parties desire to amend the Agreement as set forth herein.

TERMS:

The parties hereby agree that:

 

  1.

The following section is hereby added to the Agreement:

Section 11.11: If an entity is added to Annex A of this Agreement that is not a management investment company (a “non-RIC”), such entity shall nonetheless be a “Fund” under this Agreement and if a term or provision is inapplicable to a non-RIC because it (i) applies to a regulatory provision not applicable to non-RICs (e.g., the 40 Act), (ii) applies to a structural feature either not present in a non-RIC or not applicable to a non-RIC’s shares or (iii) is unambiguously not applicable to a non-RIC based on its context, then such term or provision shall not apply to such non-RIC.

 

  2.

Annex A to the Agreement is hereby deleted in its entirety and replaced with Annex A attached hereto.

 

  3.

Miscellaneous.

 

  (a)

As hereby amended and supplemented, the Agreement shall remain in full force and effect.

 

  (b)

The Agreement, as amended hereby, constitutes the complete understanding and agreement of the parties with respect to the subject matter hereof and supersedes all prior communications with respect thereto.


EXECUTION

 

  (c)

This Amendment may be executed in two or more counterparts, each of which shall be deemed an original, but all of which together shall constitute one and the same instrument. The facsimile signature of any party to this Amendment shall constitute the valid and binding execution hereof by such party.

 

  (d)

This Amendment shall be governed by the laws of the State of New York, without regard to its principles of conflicts of laws.

[Signature page follows.]


EXECUTION

 

IN WITNESS WHEREOF, the parties hereto have caused this Amendment to be executed by their duly authorized officers designated below on the date and year first above written.

 

Authorized Signer of:       Authorized Officer of:
EACH FUND LISTED ON ANNEX A       THE BANK OF NEW YORK MELLON
By:   

/s/ Frank Waterhouse

   By:   

/s/ Robert C. Jordan

Name:    Frank Waterhouse    Name:    Robert C. Jordan
Title:    Treasurer    Title:    Director
Date:    3/4/2019    Date:    3/28/2019
Address for Notice:       Address for Notice:
For Funds in Group A on Annex A:      
NexPoint Advisors, L.P.           The Bank of New York Mellon
300 Crescent Court, Suite 700           c/o BNY Mellon Asset Servicing
Dallas, Texas 75201           135 Santilli Highway I
             Everett, MA 02149
Attention: R-Operations       Attention: Mary F. Mitchell
For Funds in Group B on Annex A:      
Highland Capital Management Fund Advisors, L.P.   
300 Crescent Court, Suite 700      
Dallas, Texas 75201      
Attention: R-Operations      


EXECUTION

 

Annex A

(Amended and Restated as of April 8, 2019)

FUNDS

Group A

NexPoint Real Estate Strategies Fund

NexPoint Healthcare Opportunities Fund

NexPoint Latin American Opportunities Fund

NexPoint Discount Strategies Fund

NexPoint Energy and Materials Opportunities Fund

NexPoint Strategic Income Fund

NexPoint Event-Driven Fund

NexPoint Strategic Opportunities Fund

NexPoint Real Estate Capital, LLC

NexPoint Real Estate Opportunities, LLC

Group B

Highland Funds I

Highland Long/Short Equity Fund

Highland Long/Short Healthcare Fund

Highland Merger Arbitrage Fund

Highland Opportunistic Credit Fund

Highland Funds II

Highland Energy MLP Fund

Highland Fixed Income Fund

Highland Premier Growth Equity Fund

Highland Small-Cap Equity Fund

Highland Tax-Exempt Fund

Highland Total Return Fund

Highland Floating Rate Opportunities Fund

HFRO Sub, LLC

Highland Global Allocation Fund

Gambier Bay, LLC

EX-99.(L)(2) 4 d689869dex99l2.htm CONSENT OF LEGAL COUNSEL Consent of Legal Counsel

CONSENT OF COUNSEL

We hereby consent to the use of our name and the references to our firm under the caption “Legal Counsel” included in or made a part of the Registration Statement of Highland Global Allocation Fund (File Nos. 333-[                ] and 811-23369), on Form N-2 under the Securities Act of 1933, as amended, and the Investment Company Act of 1940, as amended.

 

/s/ K&L Gates LLP
K&L Gates LLP

April 8, 2019

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