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Fair value measurements (Tables)
12 Months Ended
Aug. 31, 2017
Fair Value Disclosures [Abstract]  
Assets and liabilities measured at fair value on a recurring basis
Assets and liabilities measured at fair value on a recurring basis were as follows (in millions):

 
 
August 31, 2017
 
Level 1
 
Level 2
 
Level 3
Assets:
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Money market funds1
 
$
2,096

 
$
2,096

 
$

 
$

Available-for-sale investments2
 
1

 
1

 

 

Liabilities:
 
 

 
 

 
 

 
 

Foreign currency forwards3
 
19

 

 
19

 


 
 
August 31, 2016
 
Level 1
 
Level 2
 
Level 3
Assets:
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Money market funds1
 
$
9,133

 
$
9,133

 
$

 
$

Available-for-sale investments2
 
32

 
32

 

 

Foreign currency forwards3
 
16

 

 
16

 

Interest rate swaps4
 
3

 

 
3

 

Liabilities:
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Basis swaps3
 
1

 

 
1

 



1 
Money market funds are valued at the closing price reported by the fund sponsor.
2 
Fair values of quoted investments are based on current bid prices as of the balance sheet dates.
3 
The fair value of basis swaps and forward currency contracts is estimated by discounting the difference between the contractual forward price and the current available forward price for the residual maturity of the contract using observable market rates.
4 
The fair value of interest rate swaps is calculated by discounting the estimated future cash flows based on the applicable observable yield curves. See note 9, financial instruments for additional information.