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Summary of Significant Accounting Policies
12 Months Ended
Dec. 31, 2021
Accounting Policies [Abstract]  
Summary of Significant Accounting Policies Summary of Significant Accounting Policies
Principles of Consolidation. The consolidated financial statements include the accounts of the Company and all subsidiaries over which the Company exercises control. All inter-company transactions and balances have been eliminated upon consolidation.
Cash and Cash Equivalents.  The Company considers all highly liquid investments with an original maturity of three months or less to be cash and cash equivalents. The carrying value of cash and cash equivalents approximate fair value.
Accounts Receivable.  Accounts receivable are stated at the invoiced amount and do not bear interest. The allowance for doubtful accounts is management’s best estimate of the amount of probable collection in full of the existing accounts receivable. Management determines the allowance based on historical write off experience and an understanding of individual customer payment history and financial condition. Management reviews the allowance for doubtful accounts at regular intervals. Account balances are charged off against the allowance when management determines it is probable the receivable will not be recovered. The allowance for doubtful accounts was $1.3 million at December 31, 2021 and $1.2 million at December 31, 2020.
Inventories. Inventories are stated at the lower of cost or net realizable value, with cost determined on the first in, first out method (FIFO). The value of inventories is reduced for excess and obsolescence based on management's review of on-hand inventories compared to historical and estimated future sales and usage. The allowance for inventory valuation was $1.2 million and $0.4 million at December 31, 2021 and December 31, 2020, respectively.
Valuation of Long-Lived Assets.  The carrying value of long-lived assets held for use is periodically evaluated when events or circumstances warrant such a review. The carrying value of a long-lived asset held for use is considered impaired when the anticipated separately identifiable undiscounted cash flows from the asset are less than the carrying value of the asset. In that event, a loss is recognized based on the amount by which the carrying value exceeds the fair value of the long-lived asset. During the third quarter of 2021, the Company identified indicators of impairment, the most impactful being the decline in sales to our automotive customers, as North American automotive production volumes continued to decrease. The Company compared the carrying value of long-lived assets (excluding goodwill) to the cumulative undiscounted cash flows and concluded no assets other than goodwill were impaired. The Company determined that no impairment indicators were evident, and all originally assigned useful lives remained appropriate during the year ended December 31, 2020.
Property, Plant, and Equipment.  Property, plant, and equipment purchases are recorded at cost. Depreciation is calculated using the straight-line method over the estimated useful life of each asset. Leasehold improvements are depreciated over the shorter of the estimated useful life of the asset or the period of the related leases. Upon retirement or disposal, the initial cost or valuation and accumulated depreciation are removed from the accounts, and any gain or loss is included in the statement of operations.
Intangible Assets.  The Company does not hold any intangible assets with indefinite lives. Identifiable intangible assets recognized as part of a business combination are recorded at their estimated fair value at the time of the business combination.
Amortizable intangible assets are reviewed for impairment whenever events or circumstances indicate that the related carrying amount may be impaired. The remaining useful lives of intangible assets are reviewed annually to determine whether events and circumstances warrant a revision to the remaining period of amortization. The Company determined that no impairment indicators were evident, and all originally assigned useful lives remained appropriate during the years ended December 31, 2021 and December 31, 2020.
Goodwill.  Goodwill represents the excess of the acquisition cost of consideration transferred over the fair value of the identifiable net assets acquired and liabilities assumed from business combinations at the date of acquisition. Goodwill is not amortized, but rather is assessed at least on an annual basis for impairment. If it is determined that it is more likely than not that the fair value is greater than the carrying value of a reporting unit then a qualitative assessment may be used for the annual impairment test. Otherwise, a one-step process is used which requires estimating the fair value of each reporting unit compared to its carrying value. If the carrying value exceeds the estimated fair value, goodwill impairment will be the amount by which a reporting unit’s carrying value exceeds its fair value, not to exceed the carrying amount of goodwill. The Company has one reporting and operating unit for goodwill testing purposes.
The Company experienced a sustained decline in market capitalization during the third quarter of 2021 representing a potential indicator of impairment. Furthermore, the Company continues to experience the repercussions from the global semiconductor shortage. The most impactful being the decline in sales to our automotive customers, as North American automotive production volumes continue to decrease. The Company identified these circumstances and concluded it was more likely than not the fair value of the goodwill was impaired and performed an interim quantitative assessment. The quantitative assessment was performed as of September 30, 2021, utilizing a combination of the income and market approaches. The discounted cash flow method was used to determine the fair value of the reporting unit under the income approach. Key assumptions used in the discounted cash flow analysis included a discount rate of 14.8%, forecasted revenue for the 2022 through 2025, a terminal growth rate for cash flows of 3%, and EBITDA margin of 10.8% by 2025. The guideline public company method was used to determine the fair value of the reporting unit under the market approach. Key assumptions used in this method included revenue and EBITDA multiples for each guideline company.
The results of the quantitative analysis performed indicated the carrying value of the reporting unit exceeded the fair value of the reporting unit as of September 30, 2021. As a result, the Company recorded a $5.1 million impairment charge on the consolidated statement of operations for the twelve months ended December 31, 2021.
The Company performed its annual assessment of goodwill as of October 1, the assessment concluded no further impairment. The annual assessment of goodwill performed compared the expected financial results used in the most recent quantitative assessment to finalized expectations resulting from the 2021 annual planning process. The Company also performed an interim qualitative assessment as of December 31, 2021, which concluded no impairment. The interim assessment considered fourth quarter results compared to expectations, the status of the automotive industry and volume forecasts, and other qualitative factors.
Debt Issuance Costs. Debt issuance costs represent legal, consulting, and other financial costs associated with debt financing and are reported netted against the related debt instrument. Amounts paid to or on behalf of lenders are presented as debt discount, as a reduction of the noted debt instrument. Debt issuance costs on term debt are amortized using the straight-line basis over the term of the related debt (which is immaterially different from the required effective interest method) while those related to revolving debt are amortized using a straight-line basis over the term of the related debt.
Investments. Financial Accounting Standards Board (“FASB”) guidance requires certain equity securities to be measured at fair value, with changes in fair value recognized in earnings. For equity securities without readily determinable fair values, entities may elect to measure these securities at cost minus impairment, if any, adjusted for changes in observable prices. The Company has a cost method investment in its consolidated financial statements, and there is not a readily determinable value for this investment. Impairment losses due to a decline in the value of the investment that is other than temporary are recognized when incurred.
Dividends received are included in income, except for those dividends received in excess of the Company’s proportionate share of accumulated earnings, which are applied as a reduction of the cost of the investment. Dividend income of less than $0.1 million and $0.1 million was recognized for the years ended December 31, 2021 and December 31, 2020, respectively. No investment impairment loss was recognized for the years ended December 31, 2021 and December 31, 2020.
Stock Based Compensation.  The Company accounts for its stock-based compensation using the fair value of the award estimated at the grant date of the award. The Company estimates the fair value of awards, consisting of stock options, using the Black Scholes option pricing model. Compensation expense is recognized in earnings using the straight-line method over the vesting period, which represents the requisite service period. The Company accounts for forfeitures as they occur.
Revenue Recognition. Revenue is measured based on consideration specified in a contract with a customer, and excludes any sales incentives and amounts collected on behalf of third parties. The Company recognizes revenue when it satisfies a performance obligation by transferring control over a product or service to a customer.
See Note 4, Revenues, for further information on the Company’s revenue recognition in accordance with Accounting Standards Codification (“ASC”) Topic 606.
Shipping and Handling. Shipping and handling costs are included in cost of sales as they are incurred.
Income Taxes.  A current tax liability or asset is recognized for the estimated taxes payable or refundable on tax returns for the period. Deferred tax liabilities or assets are recognized for the estimated future tax effects of temporary differences between financial reporting and tax accounting measured using enacted tax rates expected to apply to taxable income in the years in which those temporary differences are expected to be recovered or settled. The Company also evaluates the need for valuation allowances to reduce the deferred tax assets to realizable amounts. Management evaluates all positive and negative evidence and uses judgment regarding past and future events, including operating results, to help determine when it is more likely than not that all or some portion of the deferred tax assets may not be realized. When appropriate, a valuation allowance is recorded against deferred tax assets to reserve for future tax benefits that may not be realized.
The Company recognizes the benefit of a tax position when it is more likely than not, based on the technical merits, that the position will be sustained upon examination. For tax positions meeting the more likely than not threshold, the amount recognized in the financial statements is the largest benefit that has a greater than 50 percent likelihood of being realized upon settlement with the relevant tax authority. The Company assesses all tax positions for which the statute of limitations remains open. The Company had no unrecognized tax benefits as of December 31, 2021 or December 31, 2020. There were no penalties or interest recorded during the years ended December 31, 2021 or December 31, 2020.
Foreign Currency Adjustments. The Company’s functional currency for all operations worldwide is the United States dollar. Nonmonetary assets and liabilities of foreign operations are remeasured at historical rates and monetary assets and liabilities are remeasured at exchange rates in effect at the end of each reporting period. Income statement accounts are remeasured at average exchange rates for the year. Gains and losses from translation of foreign currency financial statements into United States dollars are classified in other income in the consolidated statements of operations.
Concentration Risks. The Company is exposed to various significant concentration risks as follows:
Customer and Credit 
During the years ended December 31, 2021 and December 31, 2020, the Company’s sales were derived from customers principally engaged in the North American automotive industry. Company sales directly to General Motors Company (“GM”), Stellantis, Ford Motor Company (“Ford”), and Yanfeng Automotive Interiors (“Yanfeng”), as a percentage of total net sales were: 7%, 7%, 4%, and 8%, respectively, during the year ended December 31, 2021; 9%, 6%, 6%, and 6%, respectively, during the year ended December 31, 2020.
None of the Company’s customers represented more than 10% percent of direct Company’s net sales for the years ended December 31, 2021 and December 31, 2020.
Yanfeng accounted for 13% of accounts receivable as of December 31, 2021. None of the Company’s customers represented more than 10% of accounts receivable as of December 31, 2020.
Labor Markets 
At December 31, 2021, 54% of our employees are working in the United States, 42% are working in Mexico, and 4% are working in Canada. In the United States, 31% of the hourly work force is covered under collective bargaining agreements that expire in August of 2022 and February of 2023.
Foreign Currency Exchange 
The expression of assets and liabilities in a currency other than the functional currency, which is the United States dollar, gives rise to exchange gains and losses when such assets and obligations are paid in another currency. Foreign currency exchange rate adjustments (i.e., differences between amounts recorded and actual amounts owed or paid) are reported in the consolidated statements of operations as the foreign currency fluctuations occur. Foreign currency exchange rate adjustments are reported in the consolidated statements of operations using the exchange rates in effect at the time of the transaction. At December 31, 2021, the Company’s exposure to assets and liabilities denominated in another currency was not significant. To the extent there is a fluctuation in the exchange rates, the amount of local currency to be paid or received to satisfy foreign currency obligations in 2022 may increase or decrease.
International Operations
The Company manufactures and sells products outside of the United States primarily in Mexico and Canada. Foreign operations are subject to various political, economic and other risks and uncertainties inherent in foreign countries. Among other risks, the Company’s operations are subject to the risks of restrictions on transfers of funds; export duties, quotas, and embargoes; domestic and international customs and tariffs; changing taxation policies; foreign exchange restrictions; political conditions; and governmental regulations. During the years ended December 31, 2021 and December 31, 2020, 25% and 22%, respectively, of the Company’s production occurred in Mexico. During the years ended December 31, 2021 and December 31, 2020, 9% and 9%, respectively, of the Company's production occurred in Canada. Sales derived from production in Mexico and Canada were 25% and 9% percent, respectively, during the year ended December 31, 2021, 23% and 8% percent, respectively, during the year ended December 31, 2020.
Derivative financial instruments.  All derivative instruments are required to be reported on the consolidated balance sheets at fair value unless the transactions qualify and are designated as normal purchases or sales. Changes in fair value are reported currently through earnings unless they meet hedge accounting criteria. See Note 10 for further information regarding the Company's derivative instrument makeup.
Use of Estimates. The preparation of the consolidated financial statements in conformity with U.S. GAAP requires management to make estimates and assumptions that affect the reported amounts of assets and liabilities and disclosure of contingent assets and liabilities at the date of the financial statements and the reported amounts of revenue and expenses during the reporting period. Examples include allowances for doubtful accounts and sales returns, allowances for inventory obsolescence, useful lives of depreciable assets, fixed asset and goodwill impairment analyses, valuation allowances for deferred tax assets, stock options, and financial instruments. Actual results could differ from those estimates.