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Share-Based Awards (Tables)
6 Months Ended
Jun. 30, 2020
Share-based Payment Arrangement [Abstract]  
Summary of Option Award Activity
The following table summarizes option award activity for the six months ended June 30, 2020:
Number
of Shares
Subject to
Existing
Options
Weighted-
Average
Exercise
Price Per
Share
Weighted-
Average
Remaining
Contractual
Life (Years)
Aggregate
Intrinsic
Value
(in thousands)
Outstanding at January 1, 202029,634,296  $35.95  6.28$331,107  
Granted4,833,605  49.24  
Exercised(6,324,858) 29.25  
Forfeited or cancelled(674,462) 40.76  
Outstanding at June 30, 202027,468,581  39.71  6.74493,801  
Vested and exercisable at June 30, 202014,708,916  35.84  4.96320,951  
Fair Value of Options Granted, Estimated at Date of Grant Using Black Scholes Merton Option Pricing Model
The fair value of options granted is estimated at the date of grant using the Black-Scholes-Merton option-pricing model, assuming no dividends and with the following assumptions for the periods presented:
 Three Months Ended
June 30,
Six Months Ended
June 30,
 2020201920202019
Expected volatility51%45%
45%-51%
45%-47%
Expected dividend yield
Risk-free interest rate0.33%2.00%
0.33%-0.93%
2.00%-2.53%
Weighted-average expected life5.00 years5.00 years
5.00-5.50 years
4.75-5.25 years
Weighted-average fair value of options granted$20.21$16.96$20.69$16.79
Summary of Restricted Stock Units Activity
The following table summarizes activity for restricted stock units for the six months ended June 30, 2020:
Restricted
Stock Units
Weighted-
Average Grant-
Date Fair
Value
Unvested outstanding at January 1, 20207,052,767  $40.01  
Granted3,665,016  49.30  
Vested(1,414,158) 40.65  
Forfeited(513,401) 41.62  
Unvested outstanding at June 30, 20208,790,224  43.69  
Effects of Share Based Compensation in Consolidated Statements of Operations
The following table presents the effects of share-based compensation expense in our condensed consolidated statements of operations during the periods presented (in thousands):
 Three Months Ended
June 30,
Six Months Ended
June 30,
 2020201920202019
Cost of revenue$1,119  $936  $2,292  $1,816  
Sales and marketing9,116  6,801  16,109  12,451  
Technology and development21,666  18,399  40,583  33,908  
General and administrative20,450  17,496  37,162  61,581  
Total$52,351  $43,632  $96,146  $109,756