Revenue - Disaggregation of Net Sales by Market Geography for Each Segment (Details) - USD ($) $ in Millions	3 Months Ended		6 Months Ended
	Oct. 28, 2022	Oct. 29, 2021	Oct. 28, 2022	Oct. 29, 2021
Disaggregation of Revenue [Line Items]
Net sales	$ 7,585	$ 7,847	$ 14,955	$ 15,835
U.S.
Disaggregation of Revenue [Line Items]
Net sales	4,069	3,997	7,835	8,098
Non-U.S. Developed Markets
Disaggregation of Revenue [Line Items]
Net sales	2,157	2,478	4,485	5,079
Emerging Markets
Disaggregation of Revenue [Line Items]
Net sales	1,359	1,372	2,635	2,658
Cardiovascular
Disaggregation of Revenue [Line Items]
Net sales	2,773	2,827	5,486	5,717
Cardiovascular | U.S.
Disaggregation of Revenue [Line Items]
Net sales	1,424	1,373	2,722	2,793
Cardiovascular | Non-U.S. Developed Markets
Disaggregation of Revenue [Line Items]
Net sales	802	948	1,694	1,952
Cardiovascular | Emerging Markets
Disaggregation of Revenue [Line Items]
Net sales	546	506	1,070	972
Medical Surgical
Disaggregation of Revenue [Line Items]
Net sales	2,070	2,299	4,071	4,621
Medical Surgical | U.S.
Disaggregation of Revenue [Line Items]
Net sales	905	970	1,748	1,959
Medical Surgical | Non-U.S. Developed Markets
Disaggregation of Revenue [Line Items]
Net sales	719	841	1,485	1,710
Medical Surgical | Emerging Markets
Disaggregation of Revenue [Line Items]
Net sales	446	488	838	951
Neuroscience
Disaggregation of Revenue [Line Items]
Net sales	2,186	2,136	4,301	4,340
Neuroscience | U.S.
Disaggregation of Revenue [Line Items]
Net sales	1,512	1,394	2,931	2,840
Neuroscience | Non-U.S. Developed Markets
Disaggregation of Revenue [Line Items]
Net sales	382	433	788	898
Neuroscience | Emerging Markets
Disaggregation of Revenue [Line Items]
Net sales	292	309	582	602
Diabetes
Disaggregation of Revenue [Line Items]
Net sales	556	585	1,098	1,157
Diabetes | U.S.
Disaggregation of Revenue [Line Items]
Net sales	228	261	434	506
Diabetes | Non-U.S. Developed Markets
Disaggregation of Revenue [Line Items]
Net sales	254	256	518	519
Diabetes | Emerging Markets
Disaggregation of Revenue [Line Items]
Net sales	$ 74	$ 69	$ 145	$ 132