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Goodwill and Other Intangible Assets
 6 Months Ended
Oct. 28, 2022
Goodwill and Intangible Assets Disclosure [Abstract]  
Goodwill and Other Intangible Assets Goodwill and Other Intangible Assets
Goodwill
The following table presents the changes in the carrying amount of goodwill by segment:
(in millions)CardiovascularMedical SurgicalNeuroscienceDiabetesTotal
April 29, 2022$7,160 $19,957 $11,132 $2,254 $40,502 
Goodwill as a result of acquisitions726 — 615 — 1,340 
Purchase accounting adjustments(10)— (3)— (13)
Transfer to held for sale— (208)— — (208)
Currency translation and other(91)(951)(163)— (1,204)
October 28, 2022$7,784 $18,798 $11,581 $2,254 $40,417 
As a result of the agreement with DaVita, as disclosed in Note 4 to the consolidated financial statements, the Company allocated $208 million of goodwill to the RCS business that met the criteria to be classified as held for sale during the first quarter of fiscal year 2023. Upon allocation, a goodwill impairment test was performed for the RCS business, and the Company recognized $61 million of goodwill impairment during the six months ended October 28, 2022. The goodwill impairment charges are recognized in other operating (income) expense, net in the consolidated statements of income. The Company did not recognize any goodwill impairments during the three months ended October 28, 2022 and the three and six months ended October 29, 2021.
Intangible Assets
The following table presents the gross carrying amount and accumulated amortization of intangible assets:
October 28, 2022April 29, 2022
(in millions)Gross Carrying AmountAccumulated AmortizationGross Carrying AmountAccumulated Amortization
Definite-lived:
Customer-related$16,918 $(7,476)$16,953 $(7,005)
Purchased technology and patents11,295 (5,916)10,802 (5,667)
Trademarks and tradenames484 (272)473 (266)
Other105 (66)80 (69)
Total$28,802 $(13,730)$28,308 $(13,006)
Indefinite-lived:
IPR&D$583 $— $293 $— 
The Company did not recognize any definite-lived intangible asset charges during the three and six months ended October 28, 2022 and the three months ended October 29, 2021. During the six months ended October 29, 2021, the Company recognized $409 million of definite-lived intangible asset charges in connection with MCS within the Cardiovascular Portfolio. Refer to Note 5 to the consolidated financial statements for additional information on what led to the impairment. Intangible asset impairment charges are recognized in other operating (income) expense, net in the consolidated statements of income.

The Company did not recognize any indefinite-lived intangible asset impairments during the three and six months ended October 28, 2022 and October 29, 2021. Due to the nature of IPR&D projects, the Company may experience future delays or failures to obtain regulatory approvals to conduct clinical trials, failures of clinical trials, delays or failures to obtain required market clearances, other failures to achieve a commercially viable product, or the discontinuation of certain projects, and as a result, may recognize impairment losses in the future.
Amortization Expense
Intangible asset amortization expense for the three months ended October 28, 2022 and October 29, 2021 was $421 million and $431 million, respectively. Intangible asset amortization expense for the six months ended October 28, 2022 and October 29, 2021 was $844 million and $866 million, respectively. Estimated aggregate amortization expense by fiscal year based on the carrying value of definite-lived intangible assets at October 28, 2022, excluding any possible future amortization associated with acquired IPR&D which has not yet met technological feasibility, is as follows:
(in millions)Amortization Expense
Remaining 2023$839 
20241,649 
20251,627 
20261,614 
20271,590 
20281,539