Segment and Geographic Information - Income From Operations Before Income Taxes by Reportable Segment and Reconciliation to Consolidated (Details) - USD ($) $ in Millions	3 Months Ended	9 Months Ended
Jan. 28, 2022	Jul. 30, 2021	Jan. 29, 2021	Jan. 28, 2022	Jan. 29, 2021
Segment Reporting Information [Line Items]
Segment operating profit	$ 1,659		$ 1,277	$ 4,081	$ 2,879
Other non-operating income, net	67		86	244	233
Amortization of intangible assets	(432)		(453)	(1,298)	(1,337)
Restructuring and associated costs	(12)		(83)	(32)	(235)
Certain litigation charges, net	(35)		(122)	(95)	(118)
Income before income taxes	1,589		1,220	3,915	2,329
Cardiovascular
Segment Reporting Information [Line Items]
MCS impairments / costs		$ (726)
Operating Segments
Segment Reporting Information [Line Items]
Segment operating profit	3,064		2,922	9,282	7,466
Operating Segments \| Cardiovascular
Segment Reporting Information [Line Items]
Segment operating profit	1,077		994	3,333	2,745
Operating Segments \| Medical Surgical
Segment Reporting Information [Line Items]
Segment operating profit	923		890	2,746	2,120
Operating Segments \| Neuroscience
Segment Reporting Information [Line Items]
Segment operating profit	903		861	2,753	2,189
Operating Segments \| Diabetes
Segment Reporting Information [Line Items]
Segment operating profit	161		177	450	412
Segment Reconciling Items
Segment Reporting Information [Line Items]
Interest expense	(137)		(143)	(410)	(783)
Other non-operating income, net	67		86	244	233
Amortization of intangible assets	(432)		(453)	(1,298)	(1,337)
Corporate	(483)		(398)	(1,347)	(1,222)
Centralized distribution costs	(401)		(458)	(1,382)	(1,398)
Restructuring and associated costs	(78)		(160)	(237)	(466)
Acquisition-related items	50		(35)	(46)	13
Certain litigation charges, net	(35)		(122)	(95)	(118)
MCS impairments / costs	0		0	(726)	0
Medical device regulations	$ (25)		$ (21)	$ (70)	$ (58)

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