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Financial Instruments (Tables)
3 Months Ended
Jul. 31, 2020
Investments [Abstract]  
Investments by Category and Related Balance Sheet Classification, Debt Securities The following tables summarize the Company's investments in available-for-sale debt securities by significant investment category and the related consolidated balance sheet classification at July 31, 2020 and April 24, 2020: 
July 31, 2020
ValuationBalance Sheet Classification
(in millions)CostUnrealized
Gains
Unrealized
Losses
Fair ValueInvestmentsOther Assets
Level 1:
U.S. government and agency securities$518 $46 $ $564 $564 $ 
Level 2:
Corporate debt securities3,859 139 (39)3,959 3,959  
U.S. government and agency securities779 2  781 781  
Mortgage-backed securities669 28 (22)675 675  
Non-U.S. government and agency securities36 2  38 38  
Other asset-backed securities502 4 (10)496 496  
Total Level 25,845 175 (71)5,949 5,949  
Level 3:
Auction rate securities36  (1)35  35 
Total available-for-sale debt securities$6,399 $221 $(72)$6,548 $6,513 $35 

April 24, 2020
ValuationBalance Sheet Classification
(in millions)CostUnrealized
Gains
Unrealized
Losses
Fair ValueInvestmentsOther Assets
Level 1:
U.S. government and agency securities$542 $47 $ $589 $589 $ 
Level 2:
Corporate debt securities4,285 66 (90)4,261 4,261  
U.S. government and agency securities746 1  747 747  
Mortgage-backed securities705 20 (28)697 697  
Non-U.S. government and agency securities34   34 34  
Other asset-backed securities499 1 (20)480 480  
Total Level 26,269 88 (138)6,219 6,219  
Level 3:
Auction rate securities36  (3)33  33 
Total available-for-sale debt securities$6,847 $135 $(141)$6,841 $6,808 $33 
Available-For-Sale Debt Securities in Continuous Unrealized Loss Position
The following tables present the gross unrealized losses and fair values of the Company’s available-for-sale debt securities that have been in a continuous unrealized loss position deemed to be temporary, aggregated by investment category at July 31, 2020 and April 24, 2020:
 July 31, 2020
 Less than 12 monthsMore than 12 months
(in millions)Fair ValueUnrealized
Losses
Fair ValueUnrealized
Losses
Corporate debt securities$128 $(1)$821 $(38)
Mortgage-backed securities26 (3)113 (19)
Other asset-backed securities3  340 (10)
Auction rate securities11 (1)  
Total$168 $(5)$1,274 $(67)

 April 24, 2020
 Less than 12 monthsMore than 12 months
(in millions)Fair ValueUnrealized
Losses
Fair ValueUnrealized
Losses
Corporate debt securities$1,368 $(2)$2,893 $(88)
Mortgage-backed securities35 (1)663 (27)
Other asset-backed securities17  463 (20)
Auction rate securities33 (3)  
Total$1,453 $(6)$4,019 $(135)
Activity Related to the Company's Debt Securities Portfolio
Activity related to the Company’s debt securities portfolio is as follows:
 Three months ended
(in millions)July 31, 2020July 26, 2019
Proceeds from sales$2,403 $1,567 
Gross realized gains5 4 
Gross realized losses(6)(8)
Available-for-sale Debt Securities Contractual Maturities
The July 31, 2020 balance of available-for-sale debt securities by contractual maturity is shown in the following table. Within the table, maturities of mortgage-backed securities have been allocated based upon timing of estimated cash flows assuming no change in the current interest rate environment. Actual maturities may differ from contractual maturities because the issuers of the securities may have the right to prepay obligations without prepayment penalties.
(in millions)July 31, 2020
Due in one year or less$1,764 
Due after one year through five years3,049 
Due after five years through ten years1,677 
Due after ten years58 
Total$6,548 
Summary of Equity and Other Investments
The following table summarizes the Company's equity and other investments at July 31, 2020 and April 24, 2020, which are classified as other assets in the consolidated balance sheets:
(in millions)July 31, 2020April 24, 2020
Investments with readily determinable fair value (marketable equity securities)$27 $18 
Investments without readily determinable fair values471391
Equity method and other investments7271
Total equity and other investments$570 $480 
Activity Related to the Company's Equity and Other Investments Portfolio
The table below includes activity related to the Company’s portfolio of equity and other investments. Gains and losses on equity and other investments are recognized in other non-operating income, net in the consolidated statements of income.
 Three months ended
(in millions)July 31, 2020July 26, 2019
Proceeds from sales$ $2 
Gross gains12  
Impairment losses recognized(2)(1)