Basis of consolidation and presentation— The accompanying condensed consolidated financial statements have been prepared in accordance with accounting principles generally accepted in the United States of America (“GAAP”). The condensed consolidated financial statements include the accounts of the Company and its wholly owned subsidiaries. All intercompany transactions and balances have been eliminated in consolidation, and all other normal and recurring adjustments that are, in the opinion of management, necessary for a fair presentation of the results of the periods presented have been made.

Segment information— The Company defines its segments as those operations the chief operating decision maker (“CODM”), determined to be the Chief Executive Officer of the Company, regularly reviews to allocate resources and assess performance. For the three months ended March 31, 2024 and 2023, the Company operated under two operating and reportable segments: Enterprise and Consumer. The Company continually monitors and reviews its segment reporting structure in accordance with Accounting Standards Codification (“ASC”) Topic 280, Segment Reporting, to determine whether any changes have occurred that would impact its reportable segments. For further information on the Company’s segment reporting, see Note 12 – Segment and geographic information.

Use of estimates— The preparation of condensed consolidated financial statements in conformity with GAAP requires management to make estimates and assumptions that affect the reported amounts of assets and liabilities and disclosure of contingent assets and liabilities at the dates of the condensed consolidated financial statements and the results of operations during the reporting periods.

Significant estimates and assumptions reflected in the condensed consolidated financial statements include, but are not limited to, allowance for credit losses, capitalization of internally developed software and associated useful lives, stock-based compensation, determination of the income tax valuation allowance and the potential outcome of uncertain tax positions, estimated service period for consumer single course purchases, the period of benefit for deferred commissions, the fair value and associated useful lives of intangible assets and goodwill acquired via business combinations, the valuation of privately-held strategic investments, including impairments, and the carrying value of our operating lease right-of-use (“ROU”) assets. Management periodically evaluates such estimates and assumptions for continued reasonableness.

Actual results may ultimately differ from management’s estimates and such differences could be material to the Company’s financial position and results of operations.

Concentration of credit risk— Financial instruments that potentially subject the Company to concentrations of credit risk consist primarily of cash and cash equivalents, marketable securities, restricted cash, and accounts receivable. For cash and restricted cash, the Company is exposed to credit risk in the event of default by the financial institutions to the extent the amounts recorded on the accompanying condensed consolidated balance sheets are in excess of federal insurance limits. The Company’s investments that are classified as cash equivalents and marketable securities consist of high-credit-quality instruments and fixed-income securities.

The Company generally does not require collateral or other security in support of accounts receivable. To reduce credit risk, management performs ongoing evaluations of its customers’ financial condition and maintains an allowance based upon expected credit losses of outstanding receivables. The Company had one customer, a reseller partner for the Enterprise segment, who accounted for more than 10% of accounts receivable as of March 31, 2024. The Company had no customers who accounted for more than 10% of total accounts receivable as of December 31, 2023. No customer accounted for more than 10% of total revenue during the three months ended March 31, 2024 or 2023.

Summary of significant accounting policies— There have been no significant changes to the policies as disclosed in Note 2 – Summary of significant accounting policies of the Company’s Annual Report on Form 10-K for the fiscal year ended December 31, 2023, which was filed with the SEC on February 26, 2024 (the “Annual Report”).

Accounts receivable, net— Accounts receivable primarily represent amounts owed to the Company for Enterprise subscriptions. Also included in accounts receivable are amounts due from payment processors or mobile application store partners that settle over a period longer than five business days. Accounts receivable balances are recorded at the invoiced amount and are non-interest-bearing. Accounts receivable is presented net of allowance for credit losses in the accompanying condensed consolidated balance sheets.

The Company maintains an allowance based upon expected credit losses of outstanding receivables. Management derives its estimate using a variety of factors, including historical collection and loss patterns; the current aging of receivables; geographic and other customer-specific credit risk factors; and reasonable and supportable forecasts of future economic conditions which inform adjustments to historical loss patterns. The provision for expected credit losses is recorded in general and administrative expenses in the accompanying condensed consolidated statements of operations. Accounts receivable deemed to be uncollectible are written off, net of expected or actual recoveries.


	Balance at Beginning of Period		Charged to Expenses		Charges Utilized/Written-off, Net of Recoveries		Balance at End of Period
Allowance for credit losses (in thousands)
Three Months Ended March 31, 2024	$	1,270	$	743	$	(413)	$	1,600
Three Months Ended March 31, 2023	$	1,528	$	301	$	(213)	$	1,616

In November 2023, the FASB issued ASU 2023-07, Segment Reporting (Topic 280): Improvements to Reportable Segment Disclosures, which aims to improve reportable segment disclosure requirements, primarily through additional disclosures about significant segment expenses and the chief operating decision maker. The standard will become effective for the Company’s fiscal year ended December 31, 2024, and interim periods during the fiscal year ended December 31, 2025, with early adoption permitted. The amendments should be applied retrospectively to all prior periods presented in the financial statements. The Company is currently assessing the potential impact of the new standard on the Company’s condensed consolidated financial statements.

In December 2023, the FASB issued ASU 2023-09, Income Taxes (Topic 740): Improvements to Income Tax Disclosures, which requires disclosure of disaggregated income taxes paid, prescribes standard categories for the components of the effective tax rate reconciliation, and modifies other income tax-related disclosures. The standard will become effective for the Company’s fiscal year ended December 31, 2025, with early adoption permitted. The Company is currently assessing the potential impact of the new standard on the Company’s condensed consolidated financial statements.