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SUMMARY OF SIGNIFICANT ACCOUNTING POLICIES
12 Months Ended
Jun. 30, 2018
Accounting Policies [Abstract]  
SUMMARY OF SIGNIFICANT ACCOUNTING POLICIES

NOTE 2. SUMMARY OF SIGNIFICANT ACCOUNTING POLICIES

Revenue Recognition

Revenue is recognized when persuasive evidence of an arrangement exists, delivery has occurred or services have been rendered, the fee is fixed or determinable, and collectability is reasonably assured.

The Company generates almost all of its revenue from three different types of contractual arrangements: cost-plus-fee, time-and-materials, and fixed price contracts.

Revenue on cost-plus-fixed fee contracts is recognized in an amount equal to allowable costs incurred plus the proportionate amount of the applicable fee earned.  For cost-plus-fee contracts with either award or incentive fee amounts, which are accounted for within the scope of ASC 605-10-S99, the Company recognizes revenue in an amount equal to the allowable costs incurred plus the variable portion of the fee upon customer notification of the fee amount earned.

Revenue on time-and-materials contracts is recognized in an amount equal to direct labor hours expended multiplied by the contractual billable rate per hour plus the costs of material and other direct costs incurred on behalf of the customer.

Revenue on fixed price contracts within the scope of ASC 605-35 is recognized using the percentage-of-completion (POC) method.  For these arrangements, substantially all revenue is recognized using a cost-to-cost input method based on the ratio of contractual costs incurred to date in proportion to total estimated costs at completion.  When estimates of total costs to be incurred on a contract exceed estimates of total revenue to be earned, a provision for the entire loss on the contract is recorded in the period in which the loss is determined.

For fixed price service and maintenance type contracts within the scope of ASC 605-10-S99, revenue is generally recognized over the period in which services are performed.  The Company uses straight-line revenue recognition when value is being transferred evenly throughout the performance period or when there is not a clearly defined pattern of service.  An efforts-expended method, primarily using labor hours, may be used in a proportional performance calculation when it more closely approximates the transfer of value to the customer.  Revenue on fixed unit price contracts is recognized in an amount equal to units delivered multiplied by the specified price per unit.  Revenue on manufactured products is recognized upon passage of title to the customer.  Revenue on fixed price/level of effort contracts is similar to time-and-materials arrangements and is recognized based upon the direct labor hours expended multiplied by the contractual billable rate per hour plus the costs of material and other direct costs incurred on behalf of the customer.

Contract accounting requires judgment relative to assessing risks, estimating contract revenue and costs, and making assumptions for schedule and technical issues. Due to the size and nature of many of the Company’s contracts, the estimation of total revenue and cost at completion is complicated and subject to many variables. Contract costs include material, labor, subcontracting costs, and other direct costs, as well as an allocation of allowable indirect costs. Assumptions have to be made regarding the length of time to complete the contract because costs also include expected increases in wages and prices for materials. For contract change orders, claims or similar items, the Company applies judgment in estimating the amounts and assessing the potential for realization. These amounts are only included in contract value when they can be reliably estimated and realization is considered probable. Incentives or penalties related to performance on contracts are considered in estimating sales and profit rates, and are recorded when there is sufficient information for the Company to assess anticipated performance. Estimates of award fees for certain contracts are also a factor in estimating revenue and profit rates based on actual and anticipated awards.

From time to time, the Company may proceed with work based on customer direction prior to the completion and signing of formal contract documents. The Company has a formal review process for approving any such work. Revenue associated with such work is recognized only when it can be reliably estimated and realization is probable. The Company bases its estimates on previous experiences with the customer, communications with the customer regarding funding status, and its knowledge of available funding for the contract or program.

The Company’s U.S. government contracts comprise 93.5 and 93.9 percent of total revenue in the year ended June 30, 2018 and 2017, respectively and are subject to subsequent government audit of direct and indirect costs. Incurred cost audits have been completed through June 30, 2009. Management does not anticipate any material adjustment to the consolidated financial statements in subsequent periods for audits not yet started or completed.  

Costs of Revenue

Costs of revenue include all direct contract costs including subcontractor costs, as well as indirect overhead costs and selling, general and administrative expenses that are allowable and allocable to contracts under federal procurement standards. Costs of revenue also include costs and expenses that are unallowable under applicable procurement standards, and are not allocable to contracts for billing purposes. Such costs and expenses do not directly generate revenue, but are necessary for business operations.

Cash and Cash Equivalents

The Company considers all investments with an original maturity of three months or fewer on their trade date to be cash equivalents. The Company classifies investments with an original maturity of more than three months but fewer than twelve months on their trade date as short-term marketable securities.  

Receivables and Allowance for Doubtful Accounts

Receivables are recorded at amounts earned less an allowance for doubtful accounts.  The company periodically reassesses the adequacy of its allowance for doubtful accounts by analyzing reasonably available information as of the balance sheet date, including the length of time that the receivable has been outstanding, historical bad debts and aging trends, and other general and contract specific factors.  Upon determination that a specific receivable is uncollectible, the receivable is written off against the allowance for doubtful accounts reserve.

Inventories

Inventories are stated at the lower of cost or net realizable value.  A provision for damaged, deteriorated, or obsolete inventory is recorded based on historical usage patterns and forecasted sale.  Inventories are included within prepaid expenses and other current assets on the accompanying consolidated balance sheets.

Accounting for Business Combinations and Goodwill

The purchase price of an acquired business is allocated to the tangible assets and separately identifiable intangible assets acquired less liabilities assumed based upon their respective fair values, with the excess recorded as goodwill.

The Company evaluates goodwill at least annually for impairment, or whenever events or circumstances indicate that the carrying value may not be recoverable.  The evaluation includes comparing the fair value of the relevant reporting unit to the carrying value, including goodwill, of such unit. The level at which the Company tests goodwill for impairment requires management to determine whether the operations below the operating segments constitute a self-sustaining business for which discrete financial information is available and segment management regularly reviews the operating results.  If the fair value exceeds the carrying value, no impairment loss is recognized. However, if the carrying value of the reporting unit exceeds its fair value, the goodwill of the reporting unit may be impaired. Impairment is measured by comparing the implied fair value of the goodwill to its carrying value.  Separately identifiable intangible assets with estimable useful lives are amortized over their respective estimated useful lives to their estimated residual values, and reviewed for impairment if impairment indicators are present.

As part of the annual assessment, the Company estimates the fair value of its reporting units using both an income approach and a market approach.  The valuation process considers management’s estimates of the future operating performance of each reporting unit.  Companies in similar industries are researched and analyzed and management considers the domestic and international economic and financial market conditions, both in general and specific to the industry in which the Company operates, prevailing as of the valuation date.  The income approach utilizes discounted cash flows.  The Company calculates a weighted average cost of capital for each reporting unit in order to estimate the discounted cash flows.

The Company evaluates goodwill as of the first day of the fourth quarter.  In addition, the Company will perform interim impairment testing should circumstances requiring it arise.  The Company completed its annual goodwill assessment as of April 1, 2018 and no impairment charge was necessary as a result of this assessment.

Long-Lived Assets (Excluding Goodwill)

Long-lived assets such as property and equipment and intangible assets subject to amortization are reviewed for impairment whenever events or circumstances indicate that the carrying amount of an asset may not be fully recoverable. An impairment loss would be recognized if the sum of the long-term undiscounted cash flows is less than the carrying amount of the long-lived asset being evaluated. Any write-downs are treated as permanent reductions in the carrying amount of the assets. Property and equipment is recorded at cost. Depreciation of equipment and furniture has been provided over the estimated useful life of the respective assets (ranging from three to eight years) using the straight-line method. Leasehold improvements are generally amortized using the straight-line method over the remaining lease term or the useful life of the improvements, whichever is shorter. Repairs and maintenance costs are expensed as incurred.  Separately identifiable definite-lived intangible assets are amortized over their respective estimated useful lives.

External Software Development Costs

Costs incurred in creating a software product to be sold or licensed for external use are charged to expense when incurred as indirect costs and selling expenses until technological feasibility has been established for the software. Technological feasibility is established upon completion of a detailed program design or, in its absence, completion of a working software version. Thereafter, all such software development costs are capitalized and subsequently reported at the lower of unamortized cost or estimated net realizable value. Capitalized costs are amortized on a straight-line basis over the remaining estimated economic life of the product.

Supplemental Retirement Savings Plan

The Company maintains the CACI International Inc Group Executive Retirement Plan (the Supplemental Savings Plan) and maintains the underlying assets in a Rabbi Trust. The Supplemental Savings Plan is a non-qualified defined contribution supplemental retirement savings plan for certain key employees whereby participants may elect to defer and contribute a portion of their compensation, as permitted by the plan.  Each participant directs his or her investments in the Supplemental Savings Plan (see Note 20).  

A Rabbi Trust is a grantor trust established to fund compensation for a select group of management. The assets of this trust are available to satisfy the claims of general creditors in the event of bankruptcy of the Company. The assets held by the Rabbi Trust are invested in corporate owned life insurance (COLI) products. The COLI products are recorded at cash surrender value in the consolidated financial statements as supplemental retirement savings plan assets. The amounts due to participants are based on contributions, participant investment elections, and other participant activity and are recorded as supplemental retirement savings plan obligations.

Income Taxes

Income taxes are accounted for using the asset and liability method whereby deferred tax assets and liabilities are recognized for the future tax consequences attributable to differences between the consolidated financial statement carrying amounts of assets and liabilities, and their respective tax bases, and operating loss and tax credit carry forwards. The Company accounts for tax contingencies in accordance with ASC 740-10-25, Income Taxes – Recognition. Deferred tax assets and liabilities are measured using enacted tax rates expected to apply to taxable income in the years in which those temporary differences are expected to be recovered or settled. The effect on deferred tax assets and liabilities due to a change in tax rates is recognized in income in the period that includes the enactment date. Estimates of the realizability of deferred tax assets are based on the scheduled reversal of deferred tax liabilities, projected future taxable income, and tax planning strategies. Any interest or penalties incurred in connection with income taxes are recorded as part of income tax expense for financial reporting purposes.   

Costs of Acquisitions

Costs associated with legal, financial and other professional advisors related to acquisitions, whether successful or unsuccessful, are expensed as incurred.  

Foreign Currency Translation

The assets and liabilities of the Company’s foreign subsidiaries whose functional currency is other than the U.S. dollar are translated at the exchange rate in effect on the reporting date, and income and expenses are translated at the weighted-average exchange rate during the period. The Company’s primary practice is to negotiate contracts in the same currency in which the predominant expenses are incurred, thereby mitigating the exposure to foreign currency fluctuations. The net translation gains and losses are not included in determining net income, but are accumulated as a separate component of shareholders’ equity. Foreign currency transaction gains and losses are included in determining net income, but are insignificant. These costs are included as indirect costs and selling expenses in the accompanying consolidated statements of operations.

Earnings Per Share

Basic earnings per share excludes dilution and is computed by dividing income by the weighted average number of common shares outstanding for the period.  Diluted earnings per share reflects potential dilution that could occur if securities or other contracts to issue common stock were exercised or converted into common stock but not securities that are anti-dilutive, including stock options and stock settled stock appreciation rights (SSARs) with an exercise price greater than the average market price of the Company’s common stock. Using the treasury stock method, diluted earnings per share includes the incremental effect of SSARs, stock options, restricted shares, and those restricted stock unit (RSUs) that are no longer subject to a market or performance condition.  Information about the weighted-average number of basic and diluted shares is presented in Note 23.

Fair Value of Financial Instruments

The carrying amounts of cash and cash equivalents, accounts receivable, accounts payable and amounts included in other current assets and current liabilities that meet the definition of a financial instrument approximate fair value because of the short-term nature of these amounts.  

The fair value of the Company’s debt under its bank credit facility approximates its carrying value at June 30, 2018. The fair value of the Company’s debt under its bank credit facility was estimated using Level 2 inputs based on market data on companies with a corporate rating similar to CACI’s that have recently priced credit facilities.  

Concentrations of Credit Risk

Financial instruments that potentially subject the Company to credit risk include accounts receivable and cash equivalents. Management believes that credit risk related to the Company’s accounts receivable is limited due to a large number of customers in differing segments and agencies of the U.S. government. Accounts receivable credit risk is also limited due to the credit worthiness of the U.S. government. Management believes the credit risk associated with the Company’s cash equivalents is limited due to the credit worthiness of the obligors of the investments underlying the cash equivalents. In addition, although the Company maintains cash balances at financial institutions that exceed federally insured limits, these balances are placed with high quality financial institutions.

Other Comprehensive Income (Loss)

Comprehensive income is the change in equity of a business enterprise during a period from transactions and other events and circumstances from non-owner sources. Other comprehensive income (loss) refers to revenue, expenses, and gains and losses that under U.S. GAAP are included in comprehensive income, but excluded from the determination of net income. The elements within other comprehensive income consist of foreign currency translation adjustments; the changes in the fair value of interest rate swap agreements, net of tax of $4.2 million, $9.5 million and $3.9 million for the years ended June 30, 2018, 2017 and 2016, respectively; and differences between actual amounts and estimates based on actuarial assumptions and the effect of changes in actuarial assumptions made under the Company’s post-retirement benefit plans, net of tax (see Note 15).

As of June 30, 2018 and 2017, accumulated other comprehensive loss included a loss of $27.5 million and $29.5 million, respectively, related to foreign currency translation adjustments, a gain of $9.0 million and $1.5 million, respectively, related to the fair value of its interest rate swap agreements, and a loss of $0.5 million and $1.1 million, respectively, related to unrecognized post-retirement costs.  

Use of Estimates

The preparation of financial statements in conformity with U.S. GAAP requires management to make estimates and assumptions that affect the reported amounts of assets and liabilities and disclosure of contingent assets and liabilities at the date of the consolidated financial statements and the reported amounts of revenue and expenses during the reported periods. Management estimates include estimated costs to complete and estimated award fees for contracts accounted for under ASC 605-35, amortization periods for long-lived intangible assets, recoverability of long-lived assets, reserves for accounts receivable, and reserves for contract related matters. Actual results could differ from these estimates.

Commitments and Contingencies

The Company is involved in various lawsuits, claims, and administrative proceedings arising in the normal course of business. Management is of the opinion that any liability or loss associated with such matters, either individually or in the aggregate, will not have a material adverse effect on the Company’s operations and liquidity.  Liabilities for loss contingencies arising from claims, assessments, litigation, fines and penalties and other sources are recorded when it is probable that a liability has been incurred and the amount of the assessment and/or remediation can be reasonably estimated.